The interquartile range is defined as $Q3 - Q1$, which is $43 - 33 = 10$. $1.5$ times this value is $15$, so all values more than $15$ below $Q1$ = $33 - 15 = 18$ is an outlier. The only one that fits this is $6$. All values more than $15$ above $Q3 = 43 + 15 = 58$ are also outliers, of which there are none so there is only $\boxed{\textbf{(B) 1}}$ outlier in total.
The data set $[6, 19, 33, 33, 39, 41, 41, 43, 51, 57]$ has median $Q_2 = 40$, first quartile $Q_1 = 33$, and third quartile $Q_3 = 43$. An outlier in a data set is a value that is more than $1.5$ times the interquartile range below the first quartle ($Q_1$) or more than $1.5$ times the interquartile range above the third quartile ($Q_3$), where the interquartile range is defined as $Q_3 - Q_1$. How many outliers does this data set have?
$\textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 1\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 2\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 3\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 4$