DNA replication is the action of DNA polymerases synthesizing a DNA strand complementary to the original template strand. To synthesize DNA, the double-stranded DNA is unwound by DNA helicases ahead of polymerases, forming a replication fork containing two single-stranded templates.
DNA replication is the action of DNA polymerases synthesizing a DNA strand complementary to the original template strand. To synthesize DNA, the double-stranded DNA is unwound by DNA helicases ahead of polymerases, forming a replication fork containing two single-stranded templates. Replication processes permit the copying of a single DNA double helix into two DNA helices, which are divided into the daughter cells at mitosis. Initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication is the first stage of DNA synthesis where the DNA double helix is unwound and an initial priming event by DNA polymerase α occurs on the leading strand. The priming event on the lagging strand establishes a replication fork. 1 One of the strands is oriented in the 3’ to 5’ direction (towards the replication fork), this is the leading strand. 2  The other strand is oriented in the 5’ to 3’ direction (away from the replication fork), this is the lagging strand. 1 Chunks of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, are then added to the lagging strand also in the 5’ to 3’ direction. 2  This type of replication is called discontinuous as the Okazaki fragments will need to be joined up later. DNA replication is the process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule. This biological process occurs in all living organisms and is the basis for biological inheritance. The leading strand is the strand of nascent DNA which is being synthesized in the same direction as the growing replication fork. A polymerase reads the leading strand template and adds complementary nucleotides to the nascent leading strand on a continuous basis. DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division. 1  The first step in DNA replication is to ‘unzip’ the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. 1 Chunks of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, are then added to the lagging strand also in the 5’ to 3’ direction. 2  This type of replication is called discontinuous as the Okazaki fragments will need to be joined up later. Replication Fork. During DNA replication a DNA double helix must unwind and separate so that DNA polymerase enzymes can use each single strand as a template for the synthesis of a new double strand. Strand separation is catalyzed by a Helicase enzyme. On both the leading and lagging strands, DNA replication starts with primase adding a short (3 to 10 base) RNA primer to the template strand. Once the primer is added, DNA polymerase III elongates the strand by added DNA nucleotides to the 3’-hydroxy end of the growing polymer. In a cell, DNA replication begins at specific locations, or origins of replication, in the genome. Unwinding of DNA at the origin and synthesis of new strands results in replication forks growing bidirectional from the origin. The leading strand is the strand of nascent DNA which is being synthesized in the same direction as the growing replication fork. A polymerase reads the leading strand template and adds complementary nucleotides to the nascent leading strand on a continuous basis. 1 The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a ‘Y’ shape called a replication ‘fork’. 2  The two separated strands will act as templates for making the new strands of DNA. 3  One of the strands is oriented in the 3’ to 5’ direction (towards the replication fork), this is the leading strand. 1 Chunks of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, are then added to the lagging strand also in the 5’ to 3’ direction. 2  This type of replication is called discontinuous as the Okazaki fragments will need to be joined up later. DNA is made up of two strands and each strand of the original DNA molecule serves as a template for the production of the complementary strand, a process referred to as semiconservative replication. Cellular proofreading and error-checking mechanisms ensure near perfect fidelity for DNA replication. The leading strand is the strand of nascent DNA which is being synthesized in the same direction as the growing replication fork. A polymerase reads the leading strand template and adds complementary nucleotides to the nascent leading strand on a continuous basis. The method of replication is semi-conservative; this means that in the two daughter helices one strand of each is comprised of parental DNA (from the original helix), and the other is comprised of newly synthesised DNA. Synthesis occurs at the replication fork, our focus in this article. Replication is a complex process, involving many, many different enzymes-such as DNA polymerase-which have frustratingly similar names to enzymes in other processes.  The replication fork is a structure that forms within the nucleus during DNA replication. It is created by helicases, which break the hydrogen bonds holding the two DNA strands together. The resulting structure has two branching prongs, each one made up of a single strand of DNA. The leading strand is the strand of nascent DNA which is being synthesized in the same direction as the growing replication fork. A polymerase reads the leading strand template and adds complementary nucleotides to the nascent leading strand on a continuous basis.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_DNA_replication http://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-dna-replication https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_fork http://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-dna-replication http://scienceprimer.com/replication-fork https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_fork http://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-dna-replication https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_fork http://www.fastbleep.com/biology-notes/31/171/974 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replication_fork
dna replication what is a replication fork