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The human brain has more than 100 billion neurons (nerve cells) which make up a complex communication system. This quiz tests your knowledge about these highly specialized cells in the nervous system, which allow us to feel pain, emotions, touch, and give us the ability to have memory.  Neurons & Synapses. NEURONS & SYNAPSES The core component of the nervous system in general, and the brain in particular, is the neuron or nerve cell, the brain cells of popular language. A neuron is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information by electro-chemical signalling. The average human brain has about 100 billion neurons (or nerve cells) and many more neuroglia (or glial cells) which serve to support and protect the neurons (although see the end of this page for more information on glial cells). 1 These cells receive signals from and send signals to other nerve cells. 2  Interneurons serve to process information in many different ways and constitute the bulk of the human nervous system. 3  Effectors or motor neurons are the third class of neurons. 1 Dendrites are specialized extensions of the cell body. 2  They function to obtain information from other cells and carry that information to the cell body. 3  Many neurons also have an axon, which carries information from the soma to other cells, but many small cells do not. Types of Neurons (Nerve Cells). The human body is made up of trillions of cells. Cells of the nervous system, called nerve cells or neurons, are specialized to carry messages through an electrochemical process. The human brain has approximately 100 billion neurons. To learn how neurons carry messages, read about the action potential. Neurons come in many different shapes and sizes. However, neurons differ from other cells in the body because: 1  Neurons have specialize cell parts called dendrites and axons. 2  Dendrites bring electrical signals to the cell body and axons take information away from the cell body. Their dendrites ferry signals from those organs to the cell body and their axons send signals from the cell body to the brain and spinal cord. Pseudo-unipolar neurons, a variant of bipolar neurons that sense pressure, touch and pain, have no true dendrites.  1 There are two broad classes of cells in the nervous system: neurons, which process information, and glia, which provide the neurons with mechanical and metabolic support. 1 Dendrites are specialized extensions of the cell body. 2  They function to obtain information from other cells and carry that information to the cell body. 3  Many neurons also have an axon, which carries information from the soma to other cells, but many small cells do not. Cells of the Nervous System. The nervous system is made up of two types of cells: neurons and glia. Neurons Neurons are the fundamental cellular unit of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Neurons are divided into three parts: dendrites, soma, and axon 1  : Dendrites. 2  The input of the neuron: 3  Receive information from other neurons or the external environment and transfer to the cell body (soma) or axons. 4  Are numerous, relatively short, and branch extensively in a tree-like fashion. A neuron (/ˈnjʊərɒn/ NYEWR-on or /ˈnʊərɒn/ NEWR-on; also known as a neurone or nerve cell) is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. These signals between neurons occur via synapses, specialized connections with other cells. Neurons can connect to each other to form neural networks. Neurons are the core components of the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS), and of the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). A typical neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. The term neurite is used to describe either a dendrite or an axon, particularly in its undifferentiated stage. Glial cells, sometimes called neuroglia or simply glia (Greek γλοία glue; pronounced in English as either /ˈɡliːə/ or /ˈɡlaɪə/), are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. 
http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=23+1544&aid=2980 http://www.human-memory.net/brain_neurons.html http://www.albany.edu/faculty/cafrye/apsy601/Ch.02cellsofthenervoussystem.html https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/cells.html http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/brainwaves/know-your-neurons-classifying-the-many-types-of-cells-in-the-neuron-forest/ http://www.albany.edu/faculty/cafrye/apsy601/Ch.02cellsofthenervoussystem.html http://www.columbia.edu/cu/psychology/courses/1010/mangels/neuro/neurocells/neurocells.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glia_cells
are neurons true cells