Nucleosomes
In meiosis I there is a reduction of the chromosome number from diploid (two separate copies of each chromosome) to haploid (one copy of each chromosome) during the formation of gametes. In humans, the reduction division results in two sperm cells each with 23 chromosomes or an egg cell with 23 chromosomes and one discarded polar body. The second division or meiosis II is called equational division. 1 Hybrid generally refers to any offspring resulting from the breeding of two genetically distinct individuals, which usually will result in a high degree of heterozygosity, though hybrid and heterozygous are not, strictly speaking, synonymous. In biology a hybrid, also known as cross breed, is the result of mixing, through sexual reproduction, two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species or genera. Using genetic terminology, it may be defined as follows. However, parental gametes the sperm and egg cells are unique from all other cells in that they reproduce through a process called meiosis. The purpose of meiosis is to shuffle genetic information and cut the cellular chromosome number in half, from 46 chromosomes to 23 chromosomes. In humans, the reduction division results in two sperm cells each with 23 chromosomes or an egg cell with 23 chromosomes and one discarded polar body. The second division or meiosis II is called equational division. Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. However, asexual species can be either haploid or diploid. Sexually reproducing species have somatic cells (body cells), which are diploid [2n] having two sets of chromosomes (23 pairs in humans with one set of 23 chromosomes from each parent), one set from the mother and one from the father. As noted above, the chromosome number varies in different species. In humans there are 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of chromosomes (diploid), in every cell except the mature egg and sperm which have a set of 23 chromosomes (haploid). The bound DNA units are called nucleosomes. Different kinds of organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 in all: 44 autosomes and two sex The other chromosomes are called autosomes. The karyotype of a male human being. The largest chromosome, chromosome 1, contains about 8000 genes. The smallest chromosome, chromosome 21, contains about 300 genes. Human beings have 23 pairs of chromosomes in every cell, which makes 46 chromosomes in total. A photograph of a person's chromosomes, arranged according to size, is called a karyotype. DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes. In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. Chromosomes are not visible in the cell’s nucleus—not even under a microscope—when the cell is not dividing Every human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. A trait is any gene-determined characteristic and is often determined by more than one gene. Some traits are caused by abnormal genes that are inherited or that are the result of a new mutation.  The DNA is tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support the chromosome structure. The bound DNA units are called nucleosomes. Different kinds of organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 in all: 44 autosomes and two sex chromosomes. Each parent contributes one chromosome to each pair, so children get half of their chromosomes from their mothers and half from their fathers A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. However, asexual species can be either haploid or diploid. Sexually reproducing species have somatic cells (body cells), which are diploid [2n] having two sets of chromosomes (23 pairs in humans with one set of 23 chromosomes from each parent), one set from the mother and one from the father.
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what is conservation of chromosome number called