To protest against railroad monopolies. Since farmers in all areas were plagued by low prices for their products, growing indebtedness and discriminatory treatment by the railroads.
This article is about a specific 19th century movement in USA. For other movements, see peasant movement. The Farmers' movement was, in American political history, the general name for a movement between 1867 and 1896. In this movement, there were three periods, popularly known as the Grange, Alliance and Populist movements. The Alliance movement reached its greatest power about 1890, in which year twelve national farmers organizations were represented in conventions in St Louis, and the six leading ones alone probably had a membership of 5,000,000. Early Beginnings of the Grange Movement The Grange movement of the 1860’s and 1870’s organized American farmers to protest against railroad monopolies. The movement took its name from the National Grange or Patrons of Husbandry, a lodge founded by Oliver Hudson Kelley in 1867. The Populist movement began in the late 19th century, and its roots lay in the discontent of farmers. As settlers moved from eastern farms and their lush, green settings, where neighbors were within hailing distance of each other, out onto the Great Plains, they had to make substantial changes. By 1892, a large part of the strength of the farmers organizations, with that of various industrial and radical orders, was united in the People's Party (perhaps more generally known as the Populist Party), which had its beginnings in Kansas in 1890, and received national organization in 1892. The Alliance movement reached its greatest power about 1890, in which year twelve national farmers organizations were represented in conventions in St Louis, and the six leading ones alone probably had a membership of 5,000,000. The Farmers' Alliance grew out of the Grange movement, which formed social organizations among farmers and which had flourished the Midwest and had spread in popularity to the South. Members were known as Alliancemen. The Populist movement began in the late 19th century, and its roots lay in the discontent of farmers. As settlers moved from eastern farms and their lush, green settings, where neighbors were within hailing distance of each other, out onto the Great Plains, they had to make substantial changes. Following the Panic of 1873, the Grange spread rapidly throughout the farm belt, since farmers in all areas were plagued by low prices for their products, growing indebtedness and discriminatory treatment by the railroads. These concerns helped to transform the Grange into a political force. Local affiliates were known as granges and the members as grangers.. In its early years, the Grange was devoted to educational events and social gatherings. Growth was slow in the early years, but the attraction of social events was considerable. 4.2 The Grange Movement. This movement allowed farmers to learn that they were not alone in their problems. The first group which helped the plight of the farmer was the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry. This group was formed in 1867 by Oliver Kelley.  The Patrons of Husbandry, or the Grange, was founded in 1867 to advance methods of agriculture, as well as to promote the social and economic needs of farmers in the United States.  Best Answer: 1(Grange Movement In US history, a farmers' protest in the South and Midwest states against economic hardship and exploitation. The National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry, formed in 1867, was a network of local organizations, employing cooperative practices and advocating ‘granger’ laws. The Populist movement began in the late 19th century, and its roots lay in the discontent of farmers. As settlers moved from eastern farms and their lush, green settings, where neighbors were within hailing distance of each other, out onto the Great Plains, they had to make substantial changes. Granger movement. Granger movement, American agrarian movement taking its name from the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry, an organization founded in 1867 by Oliver H. Kelley and six associates. Its local units were called granges and its members grangers. 
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why did farmers start the grange movement