Pupillary Distance (PD) or interpupillary distance (IPD) is the distance (the industry standard is to measure in millimeters) between the centers of the pupils in each eye.
This is normally done with a small millimeter ruler referred to as a PD stick or with a corneal reflex pupillometer, which is a machine calibrated to help the optical professional more accurately measure the pupillary distance. There are also mobile phone and web apps that can also measure one's pupillary distance. 1 Those are each the 5% of USA men at the far range and short range, respectively. 2  For adult females in the USA the figures are 64 and 53 mm (2.6 and 2.1 in). 3  For Europeans the figures are 1 mm smaller than the above. 4  The IPD is one of the many measurements used in anthropometry, measurements of the human body. So, in its simplest sense, pulmonary fibrosis (PF) means scarring in the lungs. But, pulmonary fibrosis is more serious than just having a scar in your lung. In PF, the scar tissue builds up in the walls of the air sacs of the lungs, and eventually the scar tissue makes it hard for oxygen to get into your blood. It is not specific to IPF and occurs in other diseases of the lungs, heart, and liver, and can also be present at birth. Other common symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis include: 1  Chronic dry, hacking cough. 2  Fatigue and weakness. 3  Discomfort in the chest. 4  Loss of appetite. The distance between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries is very small, and this allows molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide to transfer across the membranes. The exchange of the air between the lungs and blood are through the arterial and venous system. Arteries and veins both carry and move blood throughout the body, but the process for each is very different. 1  Arteries carry blood from the heart to the body. 2  Veins return blood from the body to the heart. 1 Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the blockage of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a blood-borne blood clot or foreign material. The distance between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries is very small, and allows molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide to transfer across the membranes. Read more about pulmonary embolism ».  Pulmonary hypertension is high blood pressure in the blood vessels that collect oxygen from the lungs. The oxygenated blood is supplied to the rest of the body via the relevant pumping chamber of the heart. Hypertension in this respiratory loop of our circulation is a progressive and serious condition. Pulmonary hypertension is not related to general hypertension, which is a separate condition of systemic high blood pressure, which affects the wider circulatory system and is measured using an arm cuff. Pupillary Distance (PD) or interpupillary distance (IPD) is the distance (the industry standard is to measure in millimeters) between the centers of the pupils in each eye. This measurement is used when preparing to make prescription eyeglasses. 1 Those are each the 5% of USA men at the far range and short range, respectively. 2  For adult females in the USA the figures are 64 and 53 mm (2.6 and 2.1 in). 3  For Europeans the figures are 1 mm smaller than the above. 4  The IPD is one of the many measurements used in anthropometry, measurements of the human body. If the prescription lenses are not set at the same distance as the distance between your eyes, then an unwanted prism is induced which may cause eyestrain. In lower prescriptions, the amount of prism induced will be of no consequence and will not cause eyestrain. The first number is the P.D. number we require to make your lenses. The second number (63) is the near pupil distance. This number is only needed when reading glasses are required. The definition of pulmonary hypertension is straightforward: it is an abnormally raised blood pressure in the blood vessels that go to the lungs and return oxygenated blood to the heart and, from there, to the rest of the body. Hypertension in this respiratory loop of our circulation is a progressive and serious condition. Pulmonary hypertension is not related to general hypertension, which is a separate condition of systemic high blood pressure, which affects the wider circulatory system and is measured using an arm cuff. Pupil distance can be measured in one of two ways. The first is monocular measurement, which will result in values somewhere between 26-36 mm. The second type is a binocular measurement, in which case the number will typically be somewhere between 54-72mm. The first number is the P.D. number we require to make your lenses. The second number (63) is the near pupil distance. This number is only needed when reading glasses are required. Ask your eye doctor to take the measurement at the time of your eye examination. Call the last place that made your glasses for you and they should be able to tell you what it is. Go into any Optical facility and ask them to measure it for you. It will take only seconds to do and they shouldn’t charge you for it. Use the new PDCaptureSM: FramesDirect’s Pupillary Distance Measurement Service. The first number is the P.D. number we require to make your lenses. The second number (63) is the near pupil distance. This number is only needed when reading glasses are required.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_distance http://pulmonaryfibrosis.org/life-with-pf/about-pf http://www.medicinenet.com/pulmonary_embolism/article.htm http://www.medicinenet.com/pulmonary_edema/article.htm http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/272115.php https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_distance http://blog.framesdirect.com/best-posts/pupil-distance-how-its-measured/ http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/272115.php http://blog.framesdirect.com/best-posts/pupil-distance-how-its-measured/ http://blog.framesdirect.com/best-posts/pupil-distance-how-its-measured/
what is pulmonary distance