A metabolic process in which an organism converts a carbohydrate, such as starch or a sugar, into an alcohol or an acid.
Fermentation can occur in the presence of oxygen or absence of oxygen. If bacteria utilises carbohydrates for nutrients, there may be 2 end products, a gas and acid. The substrate formed from the metabolism of carbohydrate is either glucose or lactose. In a general sense, fermentation is the conversion of a carbohydrate such as sugar into an acid or an alcohol. More specifically, it can refer to the use of yeast to change sugar into alcohol or the use of bacteria to create lactic acid in certain foods. Phenol red is commonly used as a pH indicator in carbohydrate fermentation tests because most of the end-products of carbohydrate utilization are organic acids (8). However, other pH indicators such as bromocresol/bromcresol purple (BCP), bromothymol/bromthymol blue (BTB), and Andrade’s can be used (See table 1). Objective: 1  To find the ability of microorganisms to ferment the given Carbohydrate. 2  To determine the ability to degrade amino acids. 3  To determine the ability of microorganism to produce gaseous end products in fermentation. Answer: Fermentation is a metabolic process in which an organism converts a carbohydrate, such as starch or a sugar, into an alcohol or an acid. For example, yeast perform fermentation to obtain energy by converting sugar into alcohol. Bacteria perform fermentation, converting carbohydrates into lactic acid. Even if bacteria releases enzymes that enable to use carbohydrates through fermentation and oxidation, gas may or may not be produced. FERMENTATION is noted by acid production which can be observed by a colour change in Durham tubes aka carbohydrate fermentation tube. Fermentation can occur in the presence of oxygen or absence of oxygen. If bacteria utilises carbohydrates for nutrients, there may be 2 end products, a gas and acid. The substrate formed from the metabolism of carbohydrate is either glucose or lactose. The Carbohydrate Fermentation test uses Phenol Red Broth to test for the fermentation of different sugars. It is one of the fermentation tests, others include the Methyl Red test and the Voges-Proskauer test. Phenol Red Carbohydrate Fermentation Broth: Phenol red broth is a general purpose fermentation media comprising of trypticase, sodium chloride, phenol red and a carbohydrate. The trypticase provides amino acids, vitamins, minerals and other nitrogenous substances making it a nutritious medium for a variety of organisms.
https://famsbc.wordpress.com/ http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-fermentation.htm http://www.asmcue.org/documents/CarbohydrateFermentationProtocol.ASMCUE.pdf http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=73&sim=1139&cnt=1 http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenoteslab1/f/What-Is-Fermentation.htm https://famsbc.wordpress.com/2009/07/28/carbohydrate-oxidation-fermentation/ https://famsbc.wordpress.com/2009/07/28/carbohydrate-oxidation-fermentation/ http://spot.pcc.edu/~jvolpe/b/bi234/lab/differentialMedia/CarboFermentationTest.html http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=73&sim=1139&cnt=1
what is carbohydrate fermentation