It is placed percutaneously, establishing antegrade access to the kidney, ureter, and urinary bladder. An antegrade percutaneous internal/external nephroureteral (PCNU) stent is placed percutaneously, establishing antegrade access to the kidney, ureter, and urinary bladder. A segment of the stent remains outside the patient from the flank, which can be capped or connected to gravity drainage.
An antegrade percutaneous internal/external nephroureteral (PCNU) stent is placed percutaneously, establishing antegrade access to the kidney, ureter, and urinary bladder. A segment of the stent remains outside the patient from the flank, which can be capped or connected to gravity drainage. Nephroureteral stents including antegrade, retrograde, or internal (double-J) stents are routinely placed by interventional radiologists. The purpose of this review is to provide a detailed and comprehensive description of indications, contraindications, technique, and various technical challenges of these procedures. Internal-external nephroureteral stent (Salle Intraoperative Pyeloplasty stent, Cook Medical, Bloomington, Ind). Shown is the multilength Sof-Flex stent (Cook Medical) and nephrostomy catheter with positioning stylet (which permits placement through the renal parenchyma during open surgery). Currently, the most popular choice is a double-J internal stent, which is retrieved by cystoscopy 6 to 8 weeks later, although it can remain in place for up to 6 months. Another option, commonly used during open surgery, is the use of variations of a nephrostomy/nephroureteral drainage system. Antegrade ureteral stenting. A ureteral stent is a catheter that is placed into the ureter to facilitate internal drainage of the upper urinary tract. Most commonly, it is placed cystoscopically through the bladder. When retrograde stenting of the ureter is unsuccessful, the antegrade percutaneous approach is used. Minimally invasive interventional treatment options may include percutaneous nephrostomy, ureteric dilation, and placement of ureteral or ureteroileal stents. This case demonstrates that retrograde ureteric stent placement is possible in nonhydronephrotic kidneys for a patient with an ileal conduit. Retrograde ureteric stent insertion is discussed in relation to a patient suffering from ileal conduit dehiscence. The presence of these stents probably helped diminish the potential for complications during subsequent nephrostomy tube insertion. The key advantage of this internal-external stent is that it can be removed in the clinic, thus not exposing the patient to another general anesthetic or cystoscopy for removal. In the field of pediatric urology the debate on whether to use a ureteral stent for an open pyeloplasty continues. Currently, the most popular choice is a double-J internal stent, which is retrieved by cystoscopy 6 to 8 weeks later, although it can remain in place for up to 6 months. Another option, commonly used during open surgery, is the use of variations of a nephrostomy/nephroureteral drainage system. A closely related procedure is the antegrade placement of a ureteral catheter component, or ureteral stent, through the renal pelvis. This is done to facilitate internal drainage of urine through the ureter into the bladder, and is coded with 50393/74480.  We describe the step-by-step technique for external-internal stent insertion during transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty: (1) Before completion of the ueretopelvic junction anastomosis, a 14-gauge angiocatheter is inserted and the external-internal stent is advanced under direct vision downward into the ureter. Currently, the most popular choice is a double-J internal stent, which is retrieved by cystoscopy 6 to 8 weeks later, although it can remain in place for up to 6 months. Another option, commonly used during open surgery, is the use of variations of a nephrostomy/nephroureteral drainage system. By attempting the currently described stent placement technique during laparoscopy, we avoid the above inconveniences of retrograde stenting. Its insertion is relatively easy and not significantly different from the steps followed during antegrade internal double-J stent placement. Currently, the most popular choice is a double-J internal stent, which is retrieved by cystoscopy 6 to 8 weeks later, although it can remain in place for up to 6 months. Another option, commonly used during open surgery, is the use of variations of a nephrostomy/nephroureteral drainage system. A ureteral stent, sometimes as well called ureteric stent, is a thin tube inserted into the ureter to prevent or treat obstruction of the urine flow from the kidney. The length of the stents used in adult patients varies between 24 to 30 cm. Ureteral stents are used to ensure the patency of a ureter, which may be compromised, for example, by a kidney stone or a procedure. This method is sometimes used as a temporary measure, to prevent damage to a blocked kidney, until a procedure to remove the stone can be performed.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3312172/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429507025150 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/446934-overview http://www.hindawi.com/journals/crira/2011/904017/ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429507025150 http://www.acr.org/Advocacy/Economics-Health-Policy/Billing-Coding/Coding-Source-List/2007/Nov-Dec-2007/Urinary-Diagnostic-and-Therapeutic-Codes-Update http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429507025150 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429507025150 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ureteric_stent
what is an antegrade nephroureteral stent