1 Coral. 2 Spiny oyster. 3 Lapis.4 Jasper. 5 Mother of pearl.
Native American Indian Turquoise Jewelry. Turquoise is, undoubtedly, the most common stone used in Southwestern Indian jewelry. And while the bright, sky blue stones set in sterling silver are commonly seen in Zuni turquoise jewelry, turquoise naturally occurs in a variety of hues.  Save. Purestock/Purestock/Getty Images. From sparkly and shiny to mysteriously gleaming, stones used in jewelry can vary widely in terms of quality, price, color, cut and type. Stones used in jewelry making can be precious or semi-precious stones, with precious stones being harder and rarer, making them more valuable A gemstone or gem (also called a fine gem, jewel, or a precious or semi-precious stone) is a piece of mineral crystal, which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments. A few gemstones are used as gems in the crystal or other form in which they are found. Most however, are cut and polished for usage as jewelry. The picture to the right is of a rural, commercial cutting operation in Thailand. This small factory cuts thousands of carats of sapphire annually. Cassiterite is a tin ore. While used mostly in tin production, fine specimens of the black rocks are also used as ornaments. The black gemstones are usually opaque, but can be translucent when found in thin crystals. The black stones have a metallic luster that makes them desirable for jewelry. Also known as fluorspars, fluorites are fluorescent (an adjective derived from its name) stones that come in virtually all colors, including red, yellow, green and black. The black gemstones are less common. The black stones, like all fluorites, are rather soft, and hence not widely used in jewelry. The name onyx is commonly used to mean the black stones, as chalcedony is used to refer to the white. In lieu of the white band, onyx may also have a red layer, composed of sard, in which case the black gemstones would be called sardonyx. Onyx is the traditional birthstone for the month of July and the zodiac sign Leo. Also known as fluorspars, fluorites are fluorescent (an adjective derived from its name) stones that come in virtually all colors, including red, yellow, green and black. The black gemstones are less common. The black stones, like all fluorites, are rather soft, and hence not widely used in jewelry. Semi-Precious Stones. Semi-precious stones are used for everyday jewelry, and any stone not classed as one of the four precious stones is considered semi-precious. Common stones include amethyst (purple), citrine (yellow to orange), garnet (dark red), and aquamarine (pale blue). From sparkly and shiny to mysteriously gleaming, stones used in jewelry can vary widely in terms of quality, price, color, cut and type. Stones used in jewelry making can be precious or semi-precious stones, with precious stones being harder and rarer, making them more valuable Even some of the black gemstones above — hematite, jet and obsidian in particular — are not categorically precious or semi-precious stones; but these black stones are used as ornaments. Other black rocks made into jewelry include amphibolites, lodestone, tektite and lava. Also known as fluorspars, fluorites are fluorescent (an adjective derived from its name) stones that come in virtually all colors, including red, yellow, green and black. The black gemstones are less common. The black stones, like all fluorites, are rather soft, and hence not widely used in jewelry.
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types of stones used for necklace