Crus
Through the diaphragm are a series of apertures that permit the passage of structures between the thoracic and abdominal cavities: 1  aortic hiatus. 2  oesophageal hiatus. 3  venal caval foramen. 4  lesser apertures. 5  sternocostal foramina. The medial margins of the two crura pass forwards and medially. They meet in the midline to form an arch in front of the aorta called the median arcuate ligament. All these mucles insert into the central tendon, a thin but strong aponeurosis. It is situated immediately below and is fused to the pericardium. Inferior Lobe: a five-piece, square-based-pyramid - four basal segments that point to the four sides of the body (anterior basal, medial basal, lateral basal, and posterior basal), and a superior segment on top. 1 These nerves pass anterior to the roots of the lungs, which separates them from the vagus nerves which pass posterior to the roots of the lungs. 2  Contribution to the phrenic nerves include the 3rd, 4th, and 5th cervical spinal nerves - C3, 4, and 5 keep the diaphragm alive.. Superior Lobe: similar to the right superior lobe, except that the apical and posterior fuse to form an apicoposterior segment; there is also an anterior segment like on the right side. However, the left also has a lingual portion, with a superior and an inferior segment. 1 These nerves pass anterior to the roots of the lungs, which separates them from the vagus nerves which pass posterior to the roots of the lungs. 2  Contribution to the phrenic nerves include the 3rd, 4th, and 5th cervical spinal nerves - C3, 4, and 5 keep the diaphragm alive.. Superior Lobe: a three-piece lobe-a posterior and an anterior segment next to one another with an apical segment on top. Middle Lobe: a flat, two-piece lobe that sits on the anterior aspect of the lung-a medial and a lateral segment next to one another. 1 These nerves pass anterior to the roots of the lungs, which separates them from the vagus nerves which pass posterior to the roots of the lungs. 2  Contribution to the phrenic nerves include the 3rd, 4th, and 5th cervical spinal nerves - C3, 4, and 5 keep the diaphragm alive.. They form the region of the spinal column inferior to the cervical vertebrae of the neck and superior to the lumbar vertebrae of the lower back.... Click to read more below. The thoracic vertebrae are a group of twelve small bones that form the vertebral spine in the upper trunk. Thoracic vertebrae are unique among the bones of the spine in that they are the only vertebrae that support ribs and have overlapping spinous processes. Diaphragm and Phrenic Nerve. ++. The diaphragm is a large dome shaped muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavities. The lower edge of the diaphragm is attached to the inner surface of ribs 6 through 12, the xiphoid process of the sternum and the upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae (L1, L2, L3) . The muscles of the diaphragm converge at it’s top in the central tendon. The phrenic nerves arise from the 3rd through 5th spinal nerves. Spinal cord injury above the level of the third vertebrae can cause disruption of nerve impulses that travel from the brain to the phrenic nerves. This can cause paralysis of the diaphragm and the need for the injured person to be on a respirator. The diaphragm is the dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The medial margins of the two crura pass forwards and medially. They meet in the midline to form an arch in front of the aorta called the median arcuate ligament. All these mucles insert into the central tendon, a thin but strong aponeurosis. It is situated immediately below and is fused to the pericardium. The two lungs and their pleural sacs are situated in the thoracic cavity (figs. 22-1 and 22-2). The pleura is a thin, glistening, slippery serous membrane, inflammation of which is called pleurisy. The pleura lines the thoracic wall and diaphragm, where it is known as the parietal pleura. It is reflected onto the lung, where it is called the visceral pleura. Because of the slope of the first rib, the cupola of the pleura and the apex of the lung project upward into the neck, posterior to the sternomastoid, and hence may be injured in wounds of the neck. Their highest point is 2 to 3 cm or more above the level of the medial third of the clavicle. The crus of diaphragm (pl. crura), refers to two tendinous structures that extends below the diaphragm to the vertebral column. There is a right crus and a left crus, which together form a tether for muscular contraction. They take their name from their leg-shaped appearance – crus meaning leg in Latin. The medial fibers of the right crus ascend on the left side of the esophageal hiatus, and occasionally a fasciculus of the left crus crosses the aorta and runs obliquely through the fibers of the right crus toward the vena caval foramen. Diaphragm is a muscular and tendinous sheath that closes the opening between thorax and abdomen and is pierced by structures that pass between these two regions of the body. The diaphragm is the primary muscle of respiration. It is dome shaped and consists of a peripheral muscular part and central tendinous part. The muscular part arises from the margins of the thoracic opening and gets inserted into the central tendon. diaphragm. Openings in the diaphragm: All the structures that pass from the thorax into the abdomen or rise from abdomen into the thorax pass through the diaphragm. For this reason, diaphragm contains numerous openings.
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where does the diaphragm attach to the medial lumber segment