Silver, copper, nickel, iron, zinc, tin, manganese, cadmium, and titanium. silver, copper, nickel, iron, zinc, tin, manganese, cadmium, and titanium.
The two precious metals most often used are alloys of silver and gold. The type of jewelry you can wear is not just determined by your wallet-but also by the way your body reacts to and tolerates exposure to metals. Sterling silver tarnishes, especially in hot, humid weather. In this chart, alloy means the other metal. It can be silver, copper, zinc, nickel, iron or almost any other metal. For instance, 10 karat yellow gold is 41.67% pure gold and 58.33% other metals, mostly copper, maybe some silver and most likely some nickel or zinc to add hardness. The reaction is not caused by the gold itself, but by the other metals it is mixed with. While pure gold is also used in jewelry making, it dents and shows wear easily, which is why most people choose not to wear 100% gold jewelry on a regular basis. By mixing gold with other metals, or alloying it, gold is made stronger, which makes it durable enough to wear more often without experiencing wear. A variety of metals are commonly used to alloy gold, including silver, copper, nickel, iron, zinc, tin, manganese, cadmium, and titanium. Along with enhancing gold’s strength, alloying gold with other metals changes some of gold’s other properties as well It is the number one alloy used in the bridal jewelry industry, though 14K (58.3% gold) alloy is becoming increasingly popular. 18K gold is 75% pure gold alloyed with various other elements. Yellow gold is alloyed with copper, silver, zinc and/or cobalt.  White gold (and yellow gold) is measured in karats. There are 24 karats in 100% pure gold. This is too soft for jewelry making. There is about 58% pure gold by weight in 14kt gold. The balance of metal is the alloy mix chosen to be combined with the pure gold. Yellow gold purity is also measured in karats. Yellow gold is the only type of gold that can be used in jewelry making as 24-karats. Since white gold and rose gold require other metals in order to achieve their unique colors, there cannot be 24kt white gold or 24kt rose gold. Yellow Gold used in jewelry making is a gold alloy that consists of combining gold, copper and silver. Yellow gold purity is also measured in karats. Yellow gold is the only type of gold that can be used in jewelry making as 24-karats. Since white gold and rose gold require other metals in order to achieve their unique colors, there cannot be 24kt white gold or 24kt rose gold. A piece of yellow gold jewelry that is made in 24kt is 100% pure gold COMMON GOLD ALLOYS. 24K gold (100% pure gold) does not work well for jewelry because it is too soft. A more durable option is 18K gold, which is 75% pure gold. It has the richness of 24K gold where some of the less pure alloys may not. Gold is popular because it can be worked into almost any shape. Yellow gold jewelry of 18K and above does not tarnish and rarely causes problems for people with skin irritations. White Gold is popular for its appearance and price point compared to platinum alloys. A gold alloy that is 50% gold and 50% other metals is 12 karat gold because it is only half pure gold. Alloys used in jewelry making range from 9 karat gold, which is approximately 37% gold, to 24 karat gold, and are required to be stamped and hallmarked according to purity. By mixing gold with other metals, or alloying it, gold is made stronger, which makes it durable enough to wear more often without experiencing wear. A variety of metals are commonly used to alloy gold, including silver, copper, nickel, iron, zinc, tin, manganese, cadmium, and titanium. Along with enhancing gold’s strength, alloying gold with other metals changes some of gold’s other properties as well Yellow Gold. Yellow gold is the most common type of gold used in jewelry. It should be noted, however, that although yellow is the natural color of gold, yellow gold is not the same as pure gold. Since this metal is very soft, it is not suitable for jewelry making unless it is mixed with other metals to make it harder. The color of a gold alloy depends on what other metals are included in the mix. Here are the most common varieties of colored gold: White Gold: This is the most popular gold alloy used in jewelry. To achieve a white color, gold is mixed with metals such as palladium or nickel.
http://www.jewelry24seven.com/metal_facts.htm https://www.gemsociety.org/article/fundametals-jewelery-metals-overview/ http://www.gemselect.com/other-info/jewelry-gold-alloys.php http://www.callagold.com/education/gold-jewelry-alloys/ http://www.callagold.com/education/gold-jewelry-alloys/ http://www.pricescope.com/journal/overview_common_alloys_used_jewelry https://www.gemsociety.org/article/fundametals-jewelery-metals-overview/ http://www.jewelrynotes.com/types-of-gold-used-to-make-rings-and-other-jewelry/
what gold alloys are used in jewelry