The culture of excised meristems on suitable nutrient media under aseptic conditions.
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place. Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. Making the world better, one answer at a time. in meristem culture we take apical portion of shoot and now cut its tip under microscope and put into it suitable medium to culture it..  Meristem –tip cultures has also enabled plants to be freed from other pathogens including Viroids, mycoplasmas, bacteria and fungi. Therefore, main objective of shoot-tip and meristem –tip culture is the production of disease free plants through micro propagation. Shoot-tip Culture: It may be described as the culture of terminal (0.1-1.0mm) portion of a shoot comprising the meristem (0.05 -0.1) together with primordial and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue. Meristem Cultures: Meristem cultures is the in vitro culture of a generally shiny special dome like structure measuring less than 0.1mm in length and only one or two pairs of youngest leaf primordia, most excised from the shoot apex. Shoot-tip Culture: It may be described as the culture of terminal (0.1-1.0mm) portion of a shoot comprising the meristem (0.05 -0.1) together with primordial and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue. Meristem culture was reported to free plants of viroid infection (Hosokawa, 2008). The process of meristem culture does not always free the plants from viruses; therefore, claims of virus-free plants must be confirmed. Plants can be placed in a growth chamber or placed in hot water to administer the heat treatment. Heat will inactivate the virus (Matthews, 1991). The combination of heat and meristem culture of lilies is also described by Nesi et al. (2011) to free bulbs of two viruses. We excise the meristem under the microscope (0.3 mm long) and culture it on tissue culture media. The resulting plant from the meristem is grown in the greenhouse and tested for viruses. Virus-free plants are tested by DNA fingerprinting methods to assure that the correct variety is to be returned to the customers. A brief description of the steps involved is as follows: Step 1: Meristem culture Several meristems are cultured to obtain several plants for later testing. Generally the success rate is 20% in virus elimination. Step 2: Virus testing All 17 viruses known to be present in California are tested by PCR method. Shoot-Tip and Meristem Culture. Most of the horticultural and forest crops are infected by systemic disease caused by fungi, viruses, bacteria, Mycoplasma and nematode. Shoot-tip Culture: It may be described as the culture of terminal (0.1-1.0mm) portion of a shoot comprising the meristem (0.05 -0.1) together with primordial and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue. BAP is the most effective cytokinins commonly used in shoot tip or meristem culture. Similarly, NAA is most effective auxins used in shoot tip culture. Coconut milk and gibberlic acid are also equally effective for the growth of shoot apices in some cases. Shoot-tip Culture: It may be described as the culture of terminal (0.1-1.0mm) portion of a shoot comprising the meristem (0.05 -0.1) together with primordial and developing leaves and adjacent stem tissue. meristem culture. (shoot-tip culture) The culture of excised meristems on suitable nutrient media under aseptic conditions. The stem apex is usually used though axillary meristems may also be taken. Often gibberellic acid must be added to the medium to promote normal growth into a plantlet. Meristem culture may be used to propagate infertile plants, nursery stock, or F1 hybrids that do not breed true. As few virus diseases affect the plant apex, the technique can be used to produce virus-free stock. (shoot-tip culture) The culture of excised meristems on suitable nutrient media under aseptic conditions. The stem apex is usually used though axillary meristems may also be taken. Often gibberellic acid must be added to the medium to promote normal growth into a plantlet.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meristem http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_meristem_culture_done http://agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topic&superid=3&topicid=1914 http://agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topic&superid=3&topicid=1914 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124159204000116 http://csplabs.com/pdf/grapevine_erad.pdf http://agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topic&superid=3&topicid=1914 http://agriinfo.in/default.aspx?page=topic&superid=3&topicid=1914 http://botanydictionary.org/meristem-culture.html http://botanydictionary.org/meristem-culture.html
what does meristem culture