Arthur Scherbius
The Enigma machine, first patented in 1919, was after various improvements adopted by the German Navy in 1926, the Army in 1928, and the Air Force in 1935. It was also used by the Abwehr, the Sicherheitsdienst, the railways, and other government departments.  Enigma. The Enigma machine is a piece of spook hardware invented by a German and used by Britain's codebreakers as a way of deciphering German signals traffic during World War Two. Photo: A four-rotor German Enigma cipher machine made during WW2. This rare machine is thought to have been used in the post-war years for coding Swiss diplomatic traffic. (SSPL/Getty Images). At Bletchley Park, Enigma was initially broken by hand methods, but in August 1940, the first of about 200 British bombes, manufactured under the Cantab tradename by the British Tabulating Machine Company in Letchworth, Hertfordshire, was delivered to Bletchley Park. Cryptography entered the machine age toward the end of World War I with the invention of the rotary electro-mechanical enciphering machine. Shortly after the end of World War I, Arthur Scherbius, a German inventor, developed and patented such a machine for the commercial market. He called his machine Enigma. Arthur Scherbius, a German engineer, developed his 'Enigma' machine, capable of transcribing coded information, in the hope of interesting commercial companies in secure communications. In 1923 he set up his Chiffriermaschinen Aktiengesellschaft (Cipher Machines Corporation) in Berlin to manufacture his product. Photo: A four-rotor German Enigma cipher machine made during WW2. This rare machine is thought to have been used in the post-war years for coding Swiss diplomatic traffic. (SSPL/Getty Images). An Enigma machine was a series of electro-mechanical rotor cipher machines developed and used in the early to mid twentieth century for commercial and military usage. Chiffriermaschinen AG began advertising a rotor machine— Enigma model A —which was exhibited at the Congress of the International Postal Union in 1923–1924. The machine was heavy and bulky, incorporating a typewriter. Enigma was invented by the German engineer Arthur Scherbius at the end of World War I. Early models were used commercially from the early 1920s, and adopted by military and government services of several countries, most notably Nazi Germany before and during World War II. Chiffriermaschinen AG began advertising a rotor machine— Enigma model A —which was exhibited at the Congress of the International Postal Union in 1923–1924. The machine was heavy and bulky, incorporating a typewriter. The Enigma cipher machine was invented by a German engineer, Arthur Scherbius, who applied for his patent on February 23, 1918. Rotors IV and V are missing. This Enigma machine was used by the Nazis in occupied Norway and post-war by the Norwegian Police Special Branch (Overvaakingspolitiet). The Norwegians changed the wiring in the rotors and the reflector and also stenciled the 40. on the outside and on the battery box. The Poles had broken Enigma in 1932, when the encoding machine was undergoing trials with the German Army. But when the Poles broke Enigma, the cipher altered only once every few months. With the advent of war, it changed at least once a day, giving 159 million million million possible settings to choose from.  German military messages enciphered on the Enigma machine were first broken by the Polish Cipher Bureau, beginning in December 1932. This success was a result of efforts by three Polish cryptologists, Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rożycki różycki And Henryk, zygalski working For polish military. intelligence Chiffriermaschinen AG began advertising a rotor machine— Enigma model A —which was exhibited at the Congress of the International Postal Union in 1923–1924. The machine was heavy and bulky, incorporating a typewriter.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/military/how-enigma-works.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/topics/enigma http://www.ellsbury.com/enigma1.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/topics/enigma https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine http://ciphermachines.com/enigma http://www.bletchleypark.org.uk/content/hist/worldwartwo/enigma.rhtm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine
who made the enigma machine