Identify the presence of either bound coagulase or free coagulase, which is an extracellular enzyme.
The Coagulase Test. The Coagulase Test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other species of this genus. To perform the Slide Coagulase Test, place a drop of coagulase reagent (rabbit plasma) onto a clean microscope slide, and then add several colonies of the unknown Staphylococcus. Mix well. Coagulase test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus (positive) from Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS). Coagulase is an enzyme produced by S. aureus that converts (soluble) fibrinogen in plasma to (insoluble) fibrin. Staphylococcus aureus produces two forms of coagulase, bound and free. Slide Coagulase Test Procedure. 1  Take a clean grease free and dry glass slide. 2  Place a drop of plasma. 3  Place a drop of distilled water or saline next to the drop of plasma as a negative control. 4  Emulsify a portion of the isolated colony being tested in each drop, and make a smooth milky suspension (not clumpy). The coagulase tube test has been set up as a demo for you to observe in class. This version of the coagulase test is used to identify the presence of either bound coagulase or free coagulase, which is an extracellular enzyme. Free coagulase reacts with a component of plasma called coagulase-reacting factor. The result is to cause the plasma to coagulate. In the demo, the coagulase plasma has been inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and allowed to incubate at 37˚C for 24 hours. Bound coagulase reacts with the fibrinogen in plasma, causing the fibrinogen to precipitate. This causes the cells to agglutinate, or clump together, which creates the “lumpy” look of a positive coagulase slide test. However it is now known that not all S. aureus are coagulase-positive. It is also produced by Yersinia pestis. Coagulase reacts with prothrombin in the blood. The resulting complex is called staphylothrombin, which enables the enzyme protease to convert fibrinogen, a plasma protein produced by the liver, to fibrin. The coagulase test is used to distinguish between Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. Note, however, that some strains of S. aureus can be coagulase negative, but it is unusual. Some strains of S. hyicus and S. intermedius can br coagulase positve.  Applications: 1  The coagulase test is used to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic members of the genus Staphylococcus. 2  While slide coagulase test is useful in screening, tube coagulase test is useful in confirmation of coagulase test. 3  Not all S .aureus strains produce coagulase; such rare strains are identified by thermonuclease test. (+) --- Delayed reaction d --- 11- 89% of strains are positive. 1  The coagulase test is used to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic members of the genus Staphylococcus. 2  All pathogenic strains of S. aureus are coagulase positive whereas the nonpathogenic species(S. epidermidis) are coagulase negative. Coagulase test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus (positive) which produce the enzyme coagulase, from S. epidermis and S. saprophyticus (negative) which do not produce coagulase. i.e Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS).  The coagulase test has traditionally been used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci. S.aureus produces two forms of coagulase (i.e., bound coagulase and free coagulase). It is also produced by Yersinia pestis. Coagulase reacts with prothrombin in the blood. The resulting complex is called staphylothrombin, which enables the enzyme protease to convert fibrinogen, a plasma protein produced by the liver, to fibrin. Coagulase is a protein enzyme produced by several microorganisms that enables the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. In the laboratory, it is used to distinguish between different types of Staphylococcus isolates. It is also produced by Yersinia pestis. Coagulase reacts with prothrombin in the blood. The resulting complex is called staphylothrombin, which enables the enzyme protease to convert fibrinogen, a plasma protein produced by the liver, Applications: 1  The coagulase test is used to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic members of the genus Staphylococcus. 2  All pathogenic strains of S. aureus are coagulase positive whereas the nonpathogenic species(S. epidermidis) are coagulase negative. (+) --- Delayed reaction d --- 11- 89% of strains are positive.
http://staff.um.edu.mt/amce1/Stains%20and%20Tests%20PAT2322/The%20Coagulase%20Test.htm http://microbeonline.com/diagnostic-tests-biochemical-tests-coagulase-test/ http://www.austincc.edu/microbugz/coagulase_test.php https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulase http://www.vetbact.org/vetbact/?biochemtest=1 http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=73&sim=703&cnt=2 http://www.microbiologyinfo.com/coagulase-test-principal-procedure-types-interpretation-and-examples/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulase https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulase http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=73&sim=703&cnt=2
what is used for a coagulase test