It acts as an adapter to translate the nucleotide sequence of mRNA into protein sequence. It does this by carrying the appropriate amino acid to the ribosome during the process of protein synthesis.
Answer by Betaclamp. Confidence votes 21.0K. Each type of tRna carries a specific amino acid at one end, and at the far-side 'presents' a triplet codon to the complementary triplet codon in the [being translated] mRna which is embedded in a specific channel in the Ribosomes. These amino acids are sequentially added to the growing, nascent protein chain. The tRN … A brings the anticodon to match with the codon on the mRNA along with amino acids to form proteins. The rRNA, which combines with proteins to form ribosomes, serves to fit the mRNA and tRNA together to form a functional protein. Transfer RNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a stable molecule that exists in complex folded structures. It acts as an adapter to translate the nucleotide sequence of mRNA into protein sequence. It does this by carrying the appropriate amino acid to the ribosome during the process of protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build or manufacture proteins. It refers to a multi-step process through which information is transferred from DNA to RNA and then from RNA to proteins. The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology. The interaction of tRNA and mRNA in protein synthesis. A transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and archaically referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. One end of the tRNA matches the genetic code in a three-nucleotide sequence called the anticodon. The anticodon forms three base pairs with a codon in mRNA during protein biosynthesis. The mRNA encodes a protein as a series of contiguous codons, each of which is recognized by a particular tRNA. On the other end of the tRNA is a covalent attachment to the amino acid that corresponds to the anticodon sequence tRNA Structure. Transfer RNA (or abbreviated as tRNA) is small RNA molecule, typically between 70 to 90 nucleotides in length, which main function is to deliver amino acids required for the process of protein synthesis. tRNAs are carrying amino acids to the ribosome, where the actual protein synthesis takes place. The molecule is directed by the corresponding codon (a three-nucleotide sequence) in a messenger RNA (mRNA). This defines the role of the tRNA as a required component of protein translation. Transfer RNA plays a huge role in protein synthesis and translation. Its job is to translate the message within the nucleotide sequence of mRNA to a specific amino acid sequence. These sequences are joined together to form a protein. Transfer RNA is shaped like a clover leaf with three loops. It contains an amino acid attachment site on one end and a special section in the middle loop called the anticodon site. The anticodon recognizes a specific area on a mRNA called a codon. At the 3' end of every transfer RNA molecule, the chain ends with the sequence of bases C C A. Remember that the bases in RNA and DNA are attached to a backbone of alternating phosphate and sugar groups. At the very end of the chain is the-OH group on the 3' carbon of a ribose ring.  The covalent attachment to the tRNA 3’ end is catalyzed by enzymes called aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. During protein synthesis, tRNAs with attached amino acids are delivered to the ribosome by proteins called elongation factors (EF-Tu in bacteria, eEF-1 in eukaryotes), which aid in decoding the mRNA codon sequence. One end of the tRNA matches the genetic code in a three-nucleotide sequence called the anticodon. The anticodon forms three base pairs with a codon in mRNA during protein biosynthesis. The mRNA encodes a protein as a series of contiguous codons, each of which is recognized by a particular tRNA. On the other end of the tRNA is a covalent attachment to the amino acid that corresponds to the anti RNA molecules are comprised of nucleotides, which are small building blocks for both RNA and DNA. tRNA is a specialized RNA molecule with a very specific purpose, to bring protein subunits (amino acids) to the ribosome, where proteins are constructed.  There are three primary types of RNA involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA. Messenger RNA. Whereas most types of RNA are the final products of their genes, messenger RNA (mRNA) is an intermediate in the information transfer process. It carries information from DNA to the ribosome in a genetic code that the protein-synthesizing machinery translates into protein. Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build or manufacture proteins. It refers to a multi-step process through which information is transferred from DNA to RNA and then from RNA to proteins. The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology.
http://www.answers.com/Q/What_do_transfer_RNA_molecules_do_during_protein_synthesis http://smart-therapeutics.com/Technology/RNAs-Role-in-Protein-Synthesis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_RNA http://www.proteinsynthesis.org/trna/ http://biology.about.com/od/cellularprocesses/ss/protein-synthesis-translation.htm http://chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/dna5.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_RNA http://study.com/academy/lesson/trna-role-function-synthesis.html http://smart-therapeutics.com/Technology/RNAs-Role-in-Protein-Synthesis
What do transfer RNA molecules do during protein synthesis?