By an excess of acid or alkali (base).
Decreased carbon dioxide (an acid) or increased bicarbonate (a base) level makes the body too alkaline, a condition called alkalosis. There are different types of alkalosis. These are described below. Respiratory alkalosis is caused by a low carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Hypochloremic Alkalosis. This form of alkalosis occurs when there is a significant decline of chloride in your body, often due to prolonged vomiting or sweating. Chloride is an important chemical needed to maintain balance in bodily fluids, and is an essential part of your body’s digestive fluids. Alkalosis is a condition in which the body fluids have excess base (alkali). This is the opposite of excess acid (acidosis). The fluids in your body contain two substances: acids and bases; alkali is the base. Background. Metabolic alkalosis is a primary increase in serum bicarbonate (HCO 3 -) concentration. This occurs as a consequence of a loss of H + from the body or a gain in HCO 3 - 2), which diminishes the change in pH that would otherwise occur. Normally, these two gases are kept in balance by the respiratory system. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when carbon dioxide levels drop too low. This causes the pH of the blood to rise and become too alkaline. This condition is basically the opposite of respiratory acidosis, when the blood becomes too acidic. Miscellaneous causes of metabolic alkalosis include villous adenomas, which are a rare cause of diarrhea. Villous adenomas usually lead to metabolic acidosis from loss of colonic secretions that are rich in bicarbonate, but occasionally these tumors cause metabolic alkalosis. The mechanism is not well understood. Acidosis and alkalosis describe the abnormal conditions that result from an imbalance in the pH of the blood caused by an excess of acid or alkali (base).
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001183.htm http://www.healthline.com/health/alkalosis http://www.healthline.com/health/alkalosis http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243160-overview http://www.healthline.com/health/respiratory-alkalosis http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243160-overview https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/acidosis
what causes alkalosis