Aquatic fungi.
Students of flagellated fungi have long regarded the morphology of the zoospore as an important morphological feature in the systematics of these organisms and have long believed that the different zoospore morphologies (Fig. 1), of the different taxa, to represent taxa that are not closely related. The Flagellated Fungi. Flagellated fungi as we are discussing them here include several divisions that are not closely related and is used here only as a matter of convenience. Also, while these divisions do have flagellated stages, they are not necessarily restricted to an aquatic environment 1 With plants: Fungi have a cell wall and vacuoles. 2  They reproduce by both sexual and asexual means, and like basal plant groups (such as ferns and mosses) produce spores. 3  Similar to mosses and algae, fungi typically have haploid nuclei. The discipline of biology devoted to the study of fungi is known as mycology (from the Greek μύκης, mukēs, meaning fungus). In the past, mycology was regarded as a branch of botany; today it is a separate kingdom in biological taxonomy. Abstract. Many heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms belong to the monophyletic kingdom Fungi. Because of their stationary life style, fungi reproduce by forming spores, cells that are specialised for dispersal to new locations by air, water or animals. Flagellated zoospores are produced by simple aquatic fungi. Most fungi are terrestrial, growing as hyphae and producing thick‐walled nonmotile spores There are several different mechanisms by which fungi release their spores into the air, which then allows them to be dispersed by wind. One that was mentioned, in the previous section, was the dispersal of basidiospores of mushrooms. Although wind dispersal of fungal spores is the means by which they travel all over the world, other means of spore dispersal are also found in other fungi. Although these other mechanisms are utilized by far fewer number of species, they are nevertheless interesting mechanisms that deserve a cursory coverage. Since the 1940s, fungi have been used for the production of antibiotics, and, more recently, various enzymes produced by fungi are used industrially and in detergents. Fungi are also used as biological pesticides to control weeds, plant diseases and insect pests. The discipline of biology devoted to the study of fungi is known as mycology (from the Greek μύκης, mukēs, meaning fungus). In the past, mycology was regarded as a branch of botany; today it is a separate kingdom in biological taxonomy. This is produced solely for the release of spores, and is not the living, growing portion of the fungus. In addition to being filamentous, fungal cells often have multiple nuclei. In the chytrids and zygomycetes, the cells are coenocytic, with no distinction between individual cells. Another feature of fungi is the presence of chitin in their cell walls. This is a long carbohydrate polymer that also occurs in the exoskeletons of insects, spiders, and other arthropods. The chitin adds rigidity and structural support to the thin cells of the fungus, and makes fresh mushrooms crisp. Both animals and fungi have spores or gametes with a single smooth, posteriorly inserted flagellum, but only species of the basal chytrid phyla have retained this primitive character (Barr, 1992; Cavalier-Smith, 1987, 1995). Fungi are our most important plant pathogens, and include rusts, smuts, and many ascomycetes such as the agents of Dutch elm disease and chestnut blight. Among the other well known associations are fungal parasites of animals. Water, however, does play a role in the dispersal of flagellated fungi. As in the case of the non-flagellated spores, water currents and flowing rainwater will disperse spores. However, their flagella do play a role in finding food. Flagellated spores are usually chemotaxic and will swim towards a chemical source. Although wind dispersal of fungal spores is the means by which they travel all over the world, other means of spore dispersal are also found in other fungi. Although these other mechanisms are utilized by far fewer number of species, they are nevertheless interesting mechanisms that deserve a cursory coverage.
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/Bot201/Flagellated_Fungi/Flagellated_Fungi.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000378.html http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/BOT135/Lect05_c.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/fungi/fungimm.html http://www.tolweb.org/Fungi/2377 http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/BOT135/Lect05_c.htm
which fungi has flagellated spores