Ability to take up dna and become genetically transformed.
In the natural world DNA usually becomes available by death and lysis of other cells, but in the laboratory it is provided by the researcher, often as a genetically engineered fragment or plasmid. During uptake, DNA is transported across the cell membrane(s) , and the cell wall if one is present. Transcription factors have been discovered which regulate competence; an example is sxy (also known as tfoX) which has been found to be regulated in turn by a 5' non-coding RNA element. In bacteria capable of forming spores, conditions inducing sporulation often overlap with those inducing competence. In molecular biology, transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material (exogenous DNA) from its surroundings and taken up through the cell membrane(s). Transformation is one of three processes by which exogenous genetic material may be introduced into a bacterial cell, the other two being conjugation (transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells in direct contact) and transduction (injection of foreign DNA by a bacteriophage virus into the host bacterium). Since then, natural competence has been studied in a number of different bacteria, particularly Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Griffith's pneumococcus), Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae. Transcription factors have been discovered which regulate competence; an example is sxy (also known as tfoX) which has been found to be regulated in turn by a 5' non-coding RNA element. In bacteria capable of forming spores, conditions inducing sporulation often overlap with those inducing competence. Full Definition of COMPETENCE. 1. 2. : the quality or state of being competent: as a: the properties of an embryonic field that enable it to respond in a characteristic manner to an organizer b: readiness of bacteria to undergo genetic transformation. 3. : the knowledge that enables a person to speak and understand a language — compare performance 6. Medical Definition of COMPETENCE. competence. n. 1. the condition of being capable; ability. 2. a sufficient income to live on. 3. (Law) the state of being legally competent or qualified. 4. (Biology) embryol the ability of embryonic tissues to react to external conditions in a way that influences subsequent development. 5.  competent cell. (cell and molecular biology). A cell that is able to incorporate exogenous deoxyribonucleic acid and undergo genetic transformation. (embryology). A cell that can respond to an inducer during embryonic development.  Competence. (Science: cell biology) ability to take up dna and become genetically transformed. Please contribute to this project, if you have more information about this term feel free to edit this page. This page was last modified on 3 October 2005, at 21:16.This page has been accessed 11,392 times. What links here | Related changes | Permanent link. Most naturally competent bacteria regulate transformation competence so that they only take up DNA into their cells when there is a high density of cells in the environment. The ability to sense how many other cells are in an area is called quorum sensing. -2Can ebi tutorials ... competent [L. competent ia-meeting together, agreement, symmetry]. Displaying competence. Competent. - Refers to bacteria l cells that are able to take up exogenous DNA. Complementary DNA ... Synonym: In competent, unfit, unable, insufficient, inadequate, deficient, disqualified. See In competent The second hypothesis, DNA as food, relies on the fact that cells that take up DNA inevitably acquire the nucleotides the DNA consists of, and, because nucleotides are needed for DNA and RNA synthesis and are expensive to synthesize, these may make a significant contribution to the cell's energy budget. Transcription factors have been discovered which regulate competence; an example is sxy (also known as tfoX) which has been found to be regulated in turn by a 5' non-coding RNA element. In bacteria capable of forming spores, conditions inducing sporulation often overlap with those inducing competence.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_(biology) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_%28genetics%29 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_(biology) http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/competence http://www.thefreedictionary.com/competence http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Competence+(biology) http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Competence http://en.mimi.hu/biology/competent.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competence_(biology)
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