Vibrio cholera infections and noncholera Vibrio infections Fatal infections and foodborne illness infection.
Because most Vibrio infections are associated with the consumption of contaminated food, these infections are often considered a foodborne disease. The prevalence of noncholera Vibrio infections in the United States appears to have increased in recent years. Based on probable incidence of Vibrio infections and the related costs, V vulnificus ($233 million) and V parahaemolyticus ($20 million) are the first and third most costly marine-borne pathogens. Table 2. Vibrio infections are largely classified into two distinct groups: Vibrio cholera infections and noncholera Vibrio infections. Historically, the noncholera Vibrio species are classified as halophilic or nonhalophilic, depending on their requirement of sodium chloride for growth. Based on probable incidence of Vibrio infections and the related costs, V vulnificus ($233 million) and V parahaemolyticus ($20 million) are the first and third most costly marine-borne pathogens. Table 2. Vibrios are bacteria that occur naturally in estuarine and marine waters worldwide. Vibrio are in the same family of bacteria that cause cholera. There are over 80 species of Vibrio bacteria. Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio mimicus, and Vibrio alginolyticus are some of the species known to cause infection when people are exposed by open wounds or punctures that occur while swimming, wading, crabbing, or fishing. 1 People with gastroenteritis caused by non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae can have symptoms of differing severity ranging from mild diarrhea to severe watery diarrhea. 2  Fever and bloody diarrhea are not typically seen in gastroenteritis due to non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae infection. Symptoms of Infection. 1  Several species of Vibrio are pathogens. Most disease-causing strains are associated with gastroenteritis, but can also infect open wounds and cause septicemia. They can be carried by numerous marine animals, such as crabs or prawns, and have been known to cause fatal infections in humans during exposure. Pathogenic Vibrio species can cause foodborne illness (infection), usually associated with eating undercooked seafood. The pathogenic features can be linked to quorum sensing where bacteria are able to express their virulence factor via their signalling molecules. Vibrios are gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria that occur naturally in estuarine or marine environments. Roughly a dozen species are known to cause disease in humans, accounting for an estimated 80,000 illnesses, 500 hospitalizations and 100 deaths each year in the United States. Infection with pathogenic species of the family Vibrionaceae can cause two distinct categories of infection: cholera and vibriosis, both of which are nationally notifiable. Information on this site focuses on two species that cause vibriosis: Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus. There are several other bacterium from the vibrio family that may cause diarrheal disease including: V. chloerae (of serogroups other than 01), V. fluvialis, V. furnissii and V. hollisae. Sepiticemic disease associated with wound type infections have been associated with V. hollisae. V. alginolyticus and V. damsela.  From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Vibrio is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, possessing a curved-rod shape (comma shape), several species of which can cause foodborne infection, usually associated with eating undercooked seafood. Pathogenic Vibrio species can cause foodborne illness (infection), usually associated with eating undercooked seafood. The pathogenic features can be linked to quorum sensing where bacteria are able to express their virulence factor via their signalling molecules. V vulnificus accounted for most (82%) of these wound-associated infections. The increased incidence of Vibrio wound infections in the residents of Gulf Coast states was most likely associated with the exposure of skin and soft-tissue injuries to the contaminated floodwaters. Based on probable incidence of Vibrio infections and the related costs, V vulnificus ($233 million) and V parahaemolyticus ($20 million) are the first and third most costly marine-borne pathogens. Table 2.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/232038-overview http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/232038-overview http://marylandhealthybeaches.org/vibrio.html http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/non-01-0139-infections.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio http://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/index.html http://www.ehagroup.com/resources/pathogens/vibrio-parahaemolyticus/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/232038-overview
what types of infections are associated with marine vibrios?