Neurotransmitters are chemicals that facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses from one neuron to another neuron or body cell. Some of the important neurotransmitters are discussed in this article.
Neurotransmitters and their Functions. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that facilitate the transmission of nerve impulses from one neuron to another neuron or body cell. Some of the important neurotransmitters are discussed in this article. NEUROTRANSMITTERS are the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout our brain and body. They relay signals between nerve cells, called “neurons.” The brain uses neurotransmitters to tell your heart to beat, your lungs to breathe, and your stomach to digest. The loss of dopamine in certain parts of the brain causes the muscle rigidity typical of Parkinson’s disease. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that is very widely distributed in the neurons of the cortex. GABA contributes to motor control, vision, and many other cortical functions. It also regulates anxiety. In a typical chemical synapse between two neurons, the neuron from which the nerve impulse arrives is called the presynaptic neuron. The neuron to which the neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) bind is called the post In 1921, it was confirmed that neurons mostly communicate by releasing certain chemicals. These chemicals are called neurotransmitters. So, neurotransmitters allow the nerve impulses or signals to travel across the synapse. A synapse is a small gap or junction between two neurons, or a neuron and a muscle cell. Inhibitory Neurotransmitters. SEROTONIN is an inhibitory neurotransmitter – which means that it does not stimulate the brain. Adequate amounts of serotonin are necessary for a stable mood and to balance any excessive excitatory (stimulating) neurotransmitter firing in SYNAPSES. However, a nerve impulse can also be transmitted from a sensory receptor cell to a neuron, or from a neuron to a set of muscles to make them contract, or from a neuron to an endocrine gland to make it secrete a hormone. In these last two cases, the connection points are called neuromuscular and neuroglandular junctions.
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what are the functions of the neurotransmitters in the human brain