10.5826/dpc.1204a199
text/xml
2160-9381
2325
en
Elisavet Lazaridou
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual
patch test
Patch testing in patients with alopecia areata: a case-series study 
Text.Serial.Journal
https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc
Research Letter
2022-10-31
2022-01-20
2022-10-31
2022-12-02
e2022199
Dermatol Pract Concept
Elisavet Lazaridou
2022/10/31
10.5826/dpc.1204a199
e2022199
Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
2160-9381
patch test
en
e2022199
Milam EC, Jacob SE, Cohen DE. Contact Dermatitis in the Patient with Atopic Dermatitis. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. 2019;7(1):18-26. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2018.11.003
Patch testing in patients with alopecia areata: a case-series study 
https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/download/2325/1795
       Patch Testing in Patients With Alopecia Areata:
                    A Case-series Study
    Eirini Kyrmanidou1, Eleni Sotiriou2, Demetrios Ioannides2, Zoi Apalla1, A Emvalomati1,
                                      Elisavet Lazaridou1


1 Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
2 First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.



Key words: alopecia areata, allergic contact dermatitis, patch test, IFN-γ
Citation: Kyrmanidou E, Sotiriou E, Ioannides D, Apalla Z, Emvalomati A, Lazaridou E. Patch testing in patients with alopecia areata: a
case-series study. Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022;12(4):e2022199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.1204a199
Accepted: January 29, 2022; Published: October 2022
Copyright: ©2022 Kyrmanidou et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial License (BY-NC-4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.
Funding: None.
Competing interests: None.
Authorship: All authors have contributed significantly to this publication.
Corresponding author: Eirini Kyrmanidou, MD, MSc, Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University
of Thessaloniki, I.Pasalidi 77, 55132 Thessaloniki, Greece. Tel: +302314047229 Email: ekyrmanidou@gmail.com




Introduction                                                                 pull test) were eligible for inclusion. Patients with p
                                                                                                                                   ­ ersonal
                                                                             history of atopic dermatitis (AD ) and/or ACD were excluded
Alopecia areata (AA) is a non-scarring disorder of the hair                  from the study, to diminish possible bias effect. According to
follicle and currently pathogenesis research is focused on                   the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group guide-
­determining the role, contribution, and interactions between                lines, the European Baseline Series S-100 patch tests con-
each of the immune components involved. It has been pre-                     sisting of 32 allergens were performed as per protocol, after
viously reported that fungal infection, seasonal airborne                    receiving informed consent from the participants. The inter-
­allergens, and other allergens may contribute to the com-                   pretation of results was conducted in two consecutive visits,
plex autoimmune pathways of AA [1,2]. Recently, allergy to                   after 48 and 96 hours, to determine late allergic reactions.
dust mite was associated with time of onset and severity of                     Two patients (6.4%, 2/31) were found positive towards
AA [3]. Thus, and in order to examine a possible contribut-                  nickel, 1 patient (3.2%, 1/31) had a positive reaction against
ing role of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in patients with               methylisothiazolinone and 1 patient (3.2%, 1/31) was positive
AA, we performed patch testing in patients diagnosed with                    against the fragrance mix. Since there was no control group,
AA in our clinic.                                                            we can only report frequency of ACD in patients with AA.


Case presentation                                                            Conclusions
Thirty-one patients, 12 males and 19 females, aged 18 to                     The hair follicle is characterized by immune privilege, which
83 years, firstly diagnosed with active AA lesions (positive hair            protects it from being exposed to immune recognition, especially




Research Letter | Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022;12(4):e2022199                                                                               1
during anagen phase of hair growth. Immune privilege collapse      References
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onset of the immunologic phenomena involved in AA.




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