10.5826/dpc.1204a181
text/xml
2160-9381
2216
en
Nataliia Kozak
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual
skin neoplasms
Application of machine learning technologies to improve the diagnostic value of dermatoscopy, combined with digital photo-fixation of skin neoplasms
Text.Serial.Journal
https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc
Research Letter
2022-10-31
2021-12-03
2022-10-31
2022-12-02
e2022181
Dermatol Pract Concept
Nataliia Kozak
2022/10/31
10.5826/dpc.1204a181
e2022181
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
2160-9381
skin neoplasms
en
e2022181
Wozniak-Rito A, Zalaudek I, Rudnicka L. Dermoscopy of basal cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2018;43(3):241-247. doi:10.1111/ced.13387 PMID: 29341291
Application of machine learning technologies to improve the diagnostic value of dermatoscopy, combined with digital photo-fixation of skin neoplasms
https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/download/2216/1781
    Application of Machine Learning Technologies to
    Improve the Diagnostic Value of Dermatoscopy,
         Combined with Digital Photo-fixation
                   of Skin Neoplasms
          Marian Voloshynovych1, Galyna Girnyk1, Valerii Chmut1, Nataliia Matkovska2,
                                 Iryna Blaga1, Nataliia Kozak1


1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
2 Department of Therapy and Family Medicine of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University,
  Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine



Key words: dermatoscopy, machine learning, skin neoplasms
Citation: Voloshynovych M, Girnyk G, Chmut V, Matkovska N, Blaga I, Kozak N. Application of machine learning technologies to
improve the diagnostic value of dermatoscopy, combined with digital photo-fixation of skin neoplasms. Dermatol Pract Concept.
2022;12(4):e2022181. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5826/dpc.1204a181
Accepted: March 17, 2022; Published: October 2022
Copyright: ©2022 Voloshynovych et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution-Non Commercial License (BY-NC-4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, which permits unrestricted
noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited.
Funding: None.
Competing interests: None.
Authorship: All authors have contributed significantly to this publication.
Corresponding author: Marian Voloshynovych PhD, Associate professor, Department of Dermatology and Venereology,
Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, street. Kropyvnytskogo 16, 76018, Ukraine. tel. 0954011955
E-mail: mvoloshynovych@gmail.com




Introduction                                                             bone (Figure 1A). The picture is typical for actinic keratosis
                                                                         Grade 2 (AK) [1]. The symptom of "strawberry" is present,
Many of us who use the phone camera in professional prac-                there are isolated areas of doubtful delicate pigmentation,
tice have repeatedly encountered a situation where the visible           the vessels are not clearly visualized (Figure 1B). In the same
image differs from the image obtained through the eyepiece               photo after improving the image with ML Enhance there are
of the dermatoscope.                                                     clearly visible pigment deposits that limit the follicular open-
    I would like to bring to your attention in order to com-             ings, a pronounced symptom of "strawberry", linear slightly
pare several clinical cases that have been refined in the Pixel-         branched vessels are traced over a longer period including
mator Pro program with the ML Enhance tool. It is based on               outside the visual boundaries of the formation (Figure 1C).
the use of machine learning technology to achieve the highest            Photo processing optimizes the picture of pigmented AK.
quality presentation of photographic material.                           The extent of the lesion is slightly larger (1-2 mm), and the
                                                                         accumulation of melanin imposes certain restrictions on the

Case Presentation                                                        use of photodynamic therapy as a treatment option.
                                                                              Patient B (62 years old) has a papular element in the
Patient A (56 years old) has an area of redness with scal-               forehead on the right, dark in color, with keratin masses
ing on the surface in the area of projection of the left chin            and peeling in the center (Figure 2A). During dermatoscopy,


Research Letter | Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022;12(4):e2022181                                                                          1
                Figure 1. Patient A. Pigmented actinic keratosis, photofixation with the iPhone 11 Pro camera. (A) Macro-
                photo. (B) Microphoto without the use of ML Enhance. (C) Microphoto after application of ML Enhance.




                Figure 2. Patient B. Nodular melanoma, photofixation with iPhone 11 Pro camera. (A) Macrophoto.
                (B) Microphoto without the use of ML Enhance. (C) Microphoto after application of ML Enhance.


the obtained image shows different sizes of blue and pur-             size of the formation expands after photo processing mainly
ple globules, single linear blood vessels in the thickness of         due to perifocal erythema. Such changes are more typical of
the formation, and weak erythema of the surrounding tis-              nodular melanoma. Surgical excision was performed and the
sues. The center is occupied by dark horny masses, there is a         diagnosis of melanoma was confirmed.
radiance that becomes lighter to the periphery (Figure 2B).
This tends to consider this formation as a pigmented form of
                                                                      Conclusions
nodular basal cell carcinoma [2]. After photo processing, the
deep occurrence of melanocyte structures of gray-blue color,          Judging by the presented photos, the use of digital filters
multiple sparsely branched blood vessels, larger in the center        based on machine learning technology, in particular ML En-
and smaller - to the periphery of the formation, interspersed         hance from the Pixelmator Pro package, in certain situations
with white and radial lines, is clearly visualized. The visual        allows the dermatologist to improve the visualization of


2                                                                          Research Letter | Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022;12(4):e2022181
changes in vascular pattern elements and pigment structures,    References
which, in turn, facilitates the work of the doctor.
   I would like to note that the use of the above tool in no    1. Zalaudek I, Argenziano G. Dermoscopy of actinic keratosis,
                                                                   intraepidermal carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Curr
way leads to the emergence of new elements of the dermo-
                                                                   Probl Dermatol. 2015;46:70-76. DOI:10.1159/000366539.
scopic picture. All of them are available for control during
                                                                   PMID: 25561209.
direct inspection through the eyepiece of the device, but are   2. Wozniak-Rito A, Zalaudek I, Rudnicka L. Dermoscopy of
lost during photofixation, and become inaccessible during          basal cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2018;43(3):241-247.
dynamic observation.                                               DOI:10.1111/ced.13387. PMID: 29341291.




Research Letter | Dermatol Pract Concept. 2022;12(4):e2022181                                                                3
