headline: Annobar korona da yakin Ukraine sun taɓarɓare zaman lafiyar duniya irinsa mafi muni cikin shekera 15
text: Karo na 16 kenan da ake fitar da wannan rahoto na shekara-shekara kan zaman lafiya a duniya, wanda a wannan karon ya duba matsayin da ake, da kuma karuwar taɓarɓarewar zaman lafiyar duniya. Rahoton ya ce zaman lafiya ya sake dagulewa da kashi 0.3 cikin 100 a 2021. Kuma wannan shi ne karo na 11 da ake samun wannan yanayi na taɓarɓarewar zaman lafiya a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata, kodayake yanayin ya inganta a wasu ƙasashe 90, yayin da a ƙasashe 71 abubuwa sun sake muni. Iceland dai har yanzu ita ce kasa mafi zaman lafiya a duniya, matsayin da take rike da shi tun 2008, sai kuma New Zealand da ke bi mata da Ireland da Denmark da kuma Austria. A kuma shekaru biyar jere, Afghanista ita ce kasar da ta fi fuskantar rashin zaman lafiya, sannan Yemen ke bi mata, da kuma Syria da Rasha da Sudan ta Kudu. Kasashen 7 cikin 10 da ke sahun gaba a jadawali sun kasance na Turai, kuma Turkiyya ta kasance kasa daya tilo da ke shiga tsaka-tsakin kasashen Turan 10. Biyu daga cikin ƙasashe biyar da ke fama da rashin zaman lafiya mafi muni su ne Rasha da Ukraine, sai kuma Guinea, da Burkina Faso da Haiti. Dukkanin wadannan ƙasashe na cikin yanayi na taɓarɓarewar zaman lafiya saboda rikicin da suke fama da shi. Kasashe 23 da ke cikin wannan jadawali, yanayi mafi girma na taɓarɓarewar tsaro ana samun su ne tsakanin kasashen makwabta, rigingimun cikin gida da mulki, kwararan 'yan gudun hijira da raba mutane da muhallansu. Akwai rigingimu na siyasa da kuma dumukuradiyyar da ba ta tsaya da kafafuwarta ba. Ƙasashe 28 kididdiga ta nuna cewa suna cikin matsanancin tashin hankali, yayinda da 10 ke fama da rigingimu na siyasa. Ana ci gaba da samun karuwa kan rashin daidaito a duniya kan zaman lafiya. Tun 2008, kasashe 25 da ake ganin na fama da rashin zaman lafiya an sake samun karuwa da kashi 16 cikin 100, yayinda kasashe 25 mafi zaman lafiya suka sake inganta da kashi 5.1 cikin 100 tun 2008, an samu raguwa a kashe-kashen juna a kasashe 116. Asarar da aka tafka sakamakon rikici ya kassara tattalin arzikin duniya da dala tiriliyan 16.5 ko kashi 10.9 na ma'aunin tattalin arzikin duniya, wanda ana iya cewa kowanne mutum ya tafka asarar dala 2,117. Sannan kasashe 10 da rikici ya fi shafa, tasirin ga tattalin arzikinsu ya kai kashi 34 bisa ma'aunin tattalin arziki na GDP, idan aka kwatanta da kasi 3.6 cikin 100 a kasashen da zaman lafiya ke da sauki. Steve Killelea, na gidauniyar IEP ta zaman lafiya da tattalin arziki ya ce: "A shekarar da ta gabata an yi gargadi kan koma bayan tattalin arziki saboda annobar korona. Yanzu suna fuskantar karanci a fanin shigar da kayayyaki, hauhawar farashi da karancin abinci da yankin Ukraine ke haifarwa. Tasirin hakan a siyasance da tattalin arziki zai dau tsawon shekara da shekaru. "Idan aka hada wannan batu da matsalolin koma baya tsakanin kasashe makwabta, rashin tsaro da rigingimu cikin gida, gwamnataci da shugabanni da kungiyoyi dole su hada karfi wajen samar da zaman lafiya." Kudaden da ake kashewa a fanin ayyukan soji ya ragu a kasashe 94, yayinda kasashe 112 suka rage jami'an sojoji tun daga 2008. Sai dai, yakin Ukraine da Rasha, da karuwar kudaden kashewa ayyukan soji tsakanin kasashen NATO ya kai kashi 2 cikin 100 a ma'aunin tattalin arziki na GDP, wannan na iya tabarbarewa a shekaru masu zuwa. Duk da wannan yanayi da ake ciki, China ta shirya kara yawan kudaden da take kashewa a fanin soji da kashi 7.1 cikin 100 a 2022. Kyakyawan fatan da ake yi wa makoma ya rubanya sau uku, yayinda mutane da dama ke ganin zasu iya samu rayuwa mafi inganci sama da ta 2019. Abin mamaki, kashi 20 cikin 100 na mutane ke ganin gwamnati na iya shawo kan bala'o'i. Duk da cewa ana jin tasirin yakin Rasha da Ukraine, yakin yayi mumunar tasiri ga kiddidigar duniya. Kasahen Turai da dama da ke kusa da Rasha sun fuskanci tabarbarewar alaka da makwabtansu, ciki akwai irinsu Finland, Sweden, Romania, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, da Moldova. Annobar korona ta jefa kasashe cikin matsalolin tattalin arziki da siyasa. Kasashen da ake ganin sun soma samun cigaba ta fanin zaman lafiya sun fuskanci zanga-zanga da rigingimu domin nuna adawa da yadda gwamnatoci suka rinka tunkarar annobar. Irin wadannan rigingimu sun karu da kashi 49 cikin 100 tun 2008, inda kasashe 126 cikin 163 kididdiga ke nuna sun fuskanci tabarbarewar. Wannan ya kasance ruwan dare, da aka ga tasirinsa a kowanne yanki na duniya ban da kalilan. Gabashin Asiya na daga cikin yankunan da aka samu karuwar rikici irinsu Indiya da Sri Lanka da Bangladesh da Pakistan da suka kai yanayi na kololuwa tun bayan soma wannan kiddidiga. A Turai, an yi ta samu zanga-zangar adawa da dokar kulle, musamman a kasashe irinsu, Belgium da Faransa da Netherlands da Austria da Croatia da Burtaniya, sai kuma Amurka ta Arewa. Rikicin da ake gani a duniya yanzu ya dagula zaman lafiya da kashi 9.3 cikin 100 idan aka kwatanta da shekarun baya tun 2008. Kasashen da ke fama da rikicin cikin gida sun karu daga 29 zuwa 38, amma kuma adadin mutanen da aka kashe a rikicin cikin gida ya ragu tun 2017. Adadin mutanen da suka rasa muhallansu a duniya ya karu daga miliyan 31 a 2008 zuwa miliyan 88 a 2022. Akwai kasashen duniya 17 da kashi 5 cikin 100 na al'ummarta na kasancewa 'yan gudun hijira ko sun rasa muhallansu. Sudan ta Kudu kusan kashi 35 cikin 100 na al'ummarta sun rasa matsugunai. Yayin da Somaliya da Afirka ta Tsakiya ke da mutane kashi 20 cikin 100 da suka rasa muhallansu.