headline: Mutum na biyu da ya warke daga cutar HIV a duniya
text: Wani mutum daga birnin London ya zama na biyu a duniya da ya warke daga cuta mai karya garkuwar jiki ta HIV, a cewar likitoci. Adam Castillejo dai ya warke daga kwayar cutar sama da kusan shekara uku bayan an daina yi masa magani. Ba wai ya warke daga cutar saboda shan magunguna ba amma ya warke ne sakamakon dashen kwayoyin halittar da aka yi masa sanadiyyar cutar daji da yake da ita, kamar yadda mujallar Lancet HIV ta rawaito. A shekarar 2011, Timothy Brown, mara lafiyar daga Berlin ne ya zamo mutum na farko da aka ruwaito ya warke daga cutar HIV, shekara uku da rabi bayan an yi masa irin wannan magani. Dashen kwayoyin halittar na hana kwayar cutar su karu a jikin mutum inda kwayoyin halittar da ke yakar HIV suke maye gurbin garkuwar jikin mara lafiyar. Adam Castillejo - wanda a yanzu yake shekara da 40 wanda kuma ya yanke shawarar ya sanar da duniya halin da yake ciki - ba shi da kwayar HIV a jininsa ko maniyyinsa ko bargonsa, a cewar likitocinsa. Shekara daya kenan bayan da likitocin suka sanar da cewa ya warke daga cutar kuma har yanzu ya samu waraka. Wanda ya jagoranci binciken Farfesa Ravindra Kumar Gupta daga Jami'ar Cambridge ya shaida wa BBC cewa: "Wannan yana nufin maganin HIV da ake da tabbas a kai. "Bincikenmu ya nuna cewa za a iya gwada amfani da nasarar da aka samu wajen dashen kwayoyin halittar a matsayin maganin HIV, wanda aka fara gwadawa kan mara lafiyar na Berlin shekaru tara da suka gabata." Amma hakan ba zai zama magani ba ga miliyoyin mutanen da ke duniya wadanda kuma suke fama da HIV. An yi amfani da tsarin maganin domin warkar da cutar dajin da mara lafiyar yake da ita ba cutar HIV ba. Kuma magungunan warkar da HIV da ake da su yanzu suna da tasiri, ma'ana mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar za su iya samun lafiya da tsawon rai. Farfesa Gupta ya ce: "Abu ne mai mahimmanci a gane cewa irin wannan maganin yana da hadari sosai kuma ana amfani da shi ne a matsayin zabi na karshe ga masu dauke da HIV da kuma wanda yake da cutar daji. Amma hakan na iya sa wa mara lafiya fatan samun waraka a gaba ta hanyar yin dashen kwayoyin halittar. Yaya abin ya ke aiki? CCR5 ne sinadarin da HIV-1 (wato nau'in kwayar cutar HIV mai karya garkuwar jiki da ya fi yaduwa a duniya) ya fi samun hanyar shiga kwayoyin halitta ta hanyarsa. Sai dai wasu mutane kalilan da ke turje wa kwayar cutar HIV suna da kwafe biyu na sinadarin CCR5 wanda ya rikida. Hakan na nufin kwayar cutar ba za a iya kutsawa cikin kwayoyin halittar da bisa al'ada takan mamaye. Masu bincike sun ce zai yiwu a yi amfani da dabarar dashen kwayoyin halitta na gene don sauya sinadarin CCR5 a jikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV. Da wannan sinadarin ne dai masanin kimiyya na China wanda ke gidan yari, He Jiankul, ya yi amfani lokacin da ya samar da jarirai na farko da aka sauyawa kwayoyin halitta na gene. Gwaje-gwajen sun bayyana cewa kwayoyin halittar sun maye kashi 99 cikin 100 na garkuwar jikin Mr Castillejo. Amma har yanzu akwai burbushin kwayar cutar a jikinsa kamar yadda abin yake ga Mr Brown. Kuma ba za a iya cewa akwai tabbacin cutar HIV din ba za ta dawo jikinsa ba. Mr Castillejo ya fada wa Jaridar New York Times cewa: "Ina son zama jakadan fatan alkahiri. Ba na son mutane su yi tunanin, 'Daman kai aka zaba.' "A a, kawai ya faru ne. "Ina wajen, watakila a daidai lokacin, da abin ya faru." Farfesa Sharon Lewin daga Jami'ar Melbourne, Australiya ya ce: "La'akari da yawan kwayoyin halittar da kuma rashin kwayar cutar, abin tambayar shi ne, shin mara lafiyar dan London ya samu waraka? "Karin bayanin da aka fitar ya kara karfafa gwiwa amma a karshe, lokaci ne kadai zai tabbatar."