headline: Abubuwa biyar da gwamnatin Amurka ta ce game da matsalolin Najeriya
text: Gwamnatin Amurka ta fitar da rahotonta na shekara kan ayyukan haƙƙin ɗan Adam na ƙasashe ciki har da Najeriya. Rahoton na shekarar 2021 ya taɓo batutuwa da dama a Najeriya da suka shafi matsalar tsaro da yaƙi da rashawa da keta ƴancin ɗan adam da fararen hula da siyasa da ƴancin ma'aikata. Rahoton ya kuma yi nazari kan rikice-rikice a Najeriya da kashe-kashe da satar mutane da ƙuntatawa fararen hula da kuma shamaki ga ƴancin faɗin albarkacin baki da samun bayanai ga ƴan jarida. Wasu daga cikin batutuwan da ke ƙunshe a rahoton sun haɗa da: Rahoton ya ce hare-haren Boko Haram da Iswap sun ci gaba a yankin arewa maso gabashi. Mayaƙan sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare kan gwamnati da fararen hula wanda ya kai ga rasa rayuwakn dubban mutane da jikkata wasu da dama. Hare-haren a cewar rahoton sun raba mutum sama da miliyan uku da gidajensu tare da mayar da mutum kimanin 327,000 yin gudun hijira zuwa ƙasashe makwabta. A yankin arewa maso yammaci, ƴan bindiga sun ci gaba da zama barazana a sassan yankin. Tsarinsu ya shafi satar mutane domin kuɗin fansa inda suke kai farmaki a makarantu. Rahoton ya kuma ce akwai rahotannin cewa gwamnati ko jami'anta sun aikata kisa ba bisa ka'ida ba. A cewar rahoton a wasu lokuta hukumomi na bincike da kuma ɗaukar mataki kan ƴan sanda da sojoji ko wasu jami'an tsaro da ke da alhakin yin amfani da ƙarfin da ya wuce kima ko kuma mutuwar mutanen da ake tsare da su. "Misalin kashe-kashen ba bisa ka'ida ba na sojoji da na sama, da na ruwa, da farko ana gudanar da bincike ta hanyar kwamandojin jami'an waɗanda za su  yanke hukunci ko tuhumar da ta dace da su, ko kuma   fara shari'ar kotunan soji, wadanda za a iya daukaka kara a kotunan ɗaukaka ƙara na fararen hula," in ji rahoton. Rahoton ya ce saboda girman ƙalubalen matsalar tsaro ya sa wasu gwamnatocin jihohi suka samar da nasu jami'an tsaro, waɗanda gwamnati ke iko da su. Sannan akwai rahotannin da ke cewa jami'an tsaron sun aikata cin zarafi da dama. Rahoton ya ambato alƙalumman hukumar agaji ta Red Cross da suka nuna cewa sama da mutum 24,000 suka ɓace a Najeriya, yawancinsu a yankin arewa maso gabashi da ke fama da rikici. Rahoton ya kuma ambato alkalumman ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam ta Amnesty International da ta ce an kama wasu da ake zargin mambobin ƙungiyar IPOB guda 50 da har yanzu ba san inda suke ba tsakanin wtaan Oktoba zuwa Nuwamban 2020. Rahoton ya ce kuma ƴan bindiga sun saci fararen hula da dama a sassan ƙasar musamman a yankunan arewa maso yammaci da tsakiya. Hanyar Kaduna Abuja ta zama tarkon ƴan bindiga, a cewar rahoton. Rahoton ya ce satar mutane ta zama ruwan dare a yankin Neja Delta, tare da ambato wani rahoton wata kungiyr sa-kai da ta ce Yan Boko Haram da Iswap sun saci mutum 2,000 da har yanzu ba a san makomar su ba. "Cin hanci da rashawa ya yaɗu kuma ya shafi dukkan matakan gwamnati da suka haɗa da ɓangaren shari'a da na tsaro," a cewar rahoton. Duk da yaki da cin hanci da rashawa na daga cikin manyan manufofin gwamnati mai ci ta shugaba Buhari, amma rahoton ya ce har yanzu rashawa ta yi katutu a hukumomin gwamnati. "Kundin tsarin mulki ya bayar da kariya ga shugaban ƙasa da mataimakin shugaban ƙasa da gwamnoni da mataimakansu amma akwai zarge-zargen rashawa a gwamnati," a cewar rahoton. Rahoton ya ce duk da hukumomin yaki da cin hanci da rashawa na ICPC da EFCC sun kama tare da gurfanar da jami'an gwamnati amma tsaikun tsarin shari'a ya hana zartar masu da hukunci. Rahoton ya ce akwai ƙarancin bincike da hukunta masu  cin zarafin jinsi da cin zarafi ta hanyar lalata da auren wuri da yi wa mata kaciya. Wata ƙungiya mai rajin tabbatar da ƴanci ga kowa a cewar rahoton ta ce  a 2021 ƴan madigo da luwaɗi sun bayar da rahoton ƙyama da barazana ga rayuwarsu, kamar yadda wata Ƙungiyar ta ce ta tattara bayanai na cin zarafi 520 da ya shafi jinsi ɗaya a shekarar. Dokar Najeriya ta ƙungiyar ɗaurin shekara 14 ga masu auren jinsi ɗaya. Rahoton ya ce a wasu jihohin Najeriya da ke Shari'ar Musulunci, dokar ta shafi hukuncin kisa ta hanyar jifa. Sai dai rahoton ya ce a 2021 kotunan shari'a ba su zartar da hukuncin ba, amma a watan Yuli a Kano Hukumar Hisba ta kama wasu mutum biyar da ake zargi sun yi luwaɗi. Rahoton ya ce duk kundin tsarin mulki ya bayar da ƴancin faɗin albarkacin baki wanda ya shafi ƴan jarida, amma a wani lokaci gwamnati ta takaita ƴancin. A cewar rahoton na Amurka akwai rahotanni da suka bayyana cewa gwamnati ta hana ƴancin fadin albarkacin baki, musamman a jihar Kano da aka kama wasu kan zargin yin ɓatanci ga addini, wanda wasu da ake adawa suka ce hana ƴancin fadin albarkacin baki ne. Rahoton ya kuma bayar da misali da watan Yuli da wata babbar Kotun Tarayya ta Abuja  ta takaita yawan ƴan jaridar da za su shiga sauraren shari'ar jagoran Biafra Nnamdi Kanu saboda matakai na tsaro da annobar korona, wanda wasu kafofin yaɗa labarai suka nuna cewa hana su ƴancinsu ne na samun bayanai. Rahoton ya kuma bayar da misali da hirar BBC Hausa a watan Maris game da barazanar gwamnatin Kano kan ɗan jarida Jaafar Jaafar da ya saki wau jerin bidiyo da ke zargin gwamnan jihar Abdullahi Ganduje yana karbar cin hanci. Sai dai kawo yanzu gwamnatin Najeriya ba ta mayar da martani ba game da rahoton. Mun yi kokarin ji ta bakin wasu daga cikin jami'an gwamnatin kasar amma kawo yanzu bamu yi nasara ba.