headline: Vladimir Putin: Imyaka 20 mu mafoto 20
text: Vladimir Putin ari mu gukwiza imyaka 20 ayoboye igihugu ciwe nk'umukuru w'igihugu hamwe n'umushikiranganji wa mbere, acengacengana na politike y'akarere n'isi hamwe n'imanza zikomeye z'amahiganwa y'inkino Bill Clinton yari umukuru w'igihugu igihe uyu mugabo yahoze akorera KGB yaba umukuru w'igihugu ku nshuro ya mbere itariki 31 z'ukwa cumi na kabiri 1999. Mu myaka 20 kuva ico gihe, haragiyeho abandi bakuru b'ibihugu 3 muri Amerika n'abashikiranganji ba mbere 5 mu Bwongereza. Kuva ku mishamirano yo ku rwego rw'isi n'amahano mu gihugu ciwe gushika ku ntsinzi z'inkino n'amasanamu ya propanganda, turaraba amafoto yaranze imyaka 20 y'ubutegetsi bwa Putin. Bwana Putin, yahoze ari umukozi w'urwego rw'iperereza, KGB, yari yagenywe kuba umushikiranganji wa mbere igihe Uburusiya bwatanguza intambara ya kabiri yo muri Chechenie mu kwa cumi 1999, mu kwishura ku bitero vy'ibisasu ku magorofa atuwe n'abantu hagapfa benshi. Intango y'ubutegetsi bwiwe yaranzwe n'ugushamirana mu bumanuko bw'Uburusiya. Abasirikare b'Uburusiya bugarije umurwa mukuru wa Chechenie, Grozny. Mu 2003, ONU yavuze ko Gorzny wari wo muji wasambuwe kurusha iyindi kw'isi mu mpera z'ukwo kwugarizwa. Uburusiya bwamaze imyaka buterwa n'abarwanyi, nk'igitero co mu 2004 kw'ishure rya Beslan aho abantu 330 bapfuye, bagizwe ahanini n'abana. Prezida Putin ntiyahagaritse imirwano icese muri Chechenie gushika mu 2009. Bwana Putin yemejwe nk'umukuru w'igihugu mu matora mu kwa gatatu 2000, kandi mu mezi make gusa yari kw'isonga mu bibazo bijanye no kwimenyekanisha. Amahano y'ubwato bugira munsi y'amazi bwa Kursk, yahitanye ababukoramwo bashika 118. Igihe Kursk bwarohama mu 2000, vyatwaye iminsi kugira Uburusiya bubimenyeshe imiryango kandi Prezida ntiyaciye atahuka ava mu karuhuko kuri Black Sea. Mu myaka cumi yiwe ya mbere ku butegetsi, Vladimir Putin muri rusangi yabanye neza n'abarongozi b'ibihugu vya Buraya na Amerika naho yagaya politike zabo mu makungu. Uburusiya bwakiriye inama y'ibihugu vya rutura G8 mu 2006, bwemanga ubunyamuryango bwabwo muri uwo mugwi. Hakurikijwe ibwirizwa shingiro ry'Uburusiya, Bwana Putin ntiyashobora kuguma ku butegetsi ikiringo ca gatatu, rero mu 2008 yaciye aba umushikiranganji wa mbere imyaka ine. Ni bake babona Prezida Dmitry Medvedev nk'umukuru w'igihugu abushitse kuko vyagaraga ko yari abaye agumirije ikibanza Putin. Igihe Georgia yarungika abasirikare gusubiza ibintu mu buryo mu ntara yari yiyonkoye ya Ossetia y'ubumanuko mu 2008, Uburusiya bwaciye butera Georgia. Iyo ntambara ngufi yo mu kwezi kwa munani yateye impungenge ibihugu vya Buraya, ariko ivyo Uburusiya bwakoze muri Ukraine mu 2014 ni vyo vyunyuye imigenderanire ya Bwana Putin n'Uburaya. Gufata no kwigarurira intara ya Crimea vyakozwe n'Uburusiya bukayikura kuri Ukraine vyatumye ishirahamwe rya Buraya na Amerika bifata ibihano binahagarika ubunyamuryango bw'Uburusiya muri G8. Haciye imyaka ine intambara yo muri Siriya itanguye, Uburusiya bwarayinjiyemwo gufasha incuti yabwo, Prezida Bashar al-Assad, mu gihe leta yiwe yagira itembe. Ingingo ya Bwana Putin yo kurungika indege z'Uburusiya hamwe n'ibiduga bitamenwa yahinduye ibintu cane ku rubuga. Nyuma y'intsinzi ya Donald Trump mu matora ya Prezida wa Amerika mu 2016, abajejwe iperereza muri Amerika bavuze ko Uburusiya bwayivanzemwo. Nayo mu 2018, Ubwongereza bwagiriza Uburusiya kuroga uwahoze ari umusirikare mu rwego rw'iperereza Sergei Skripal i Salisbury. Mu burongozi bwiwe umukuru w'igihugu c'Uburusiya yamye ashaka kugaragara neza kwiwe n'igihugu ciwe. Mu mafoto yiwe yagiye arasohora yamye agerageza kwiyerekana nk'umugabo w'igikenya. Yarakoze uko ashoboye ngo aheshe isura nziza inkino mu Burusiya mu kwakira inkino Olempike zo mu gihe c'imbeho mu 2014 hamwe n'igikombe c'isi c'umupira w'amaguru mu 2018. Inkino z'i Sochi zagenze neza ariko ingaruka zo gukoresha imiti yongera inguvu ziracibonekeza gushika n'ubu. Ikigo kijejwe kurwanya ikoreshwa ry'iyo miti kw'isi (World Anti-Doping Agency) cahaye igihano Uburusiya co guhagarikwa kuja mu mahiganwa imyaka ine. Icegeranyo co mu 2015 cavuze ko Uburusiya bwakoze ibisa n'ivyabereye ku rwego rwa leta, mu guha abononotsi basiganwa mu kwiruka imiti yongera inguvu. Kuno kwezi basanze harabaye "gukorakora" ku bimenyetso vyatanzwe muri laboratoire. Mu gihe inkino z'igikombe c'isi ca Fifa 2018 zagenze neza ku rwego mpuzamakungu, ibara ryo gukoresha imiti yongera inguvu ryatumye Uburusiya butazokwitaba inkino z'igikombe gikurikira, zizobera i Qatar mu 2022.