headline: Urukingo rwa Covi-19: Habonetse urikingo rwa mbere rurinda iyo ndwara gushika ku 90%
text: Urukingo rwa mbere rugaragaza icizere rurashobora kukingira 90% vy'abantu banduye Covid-19 nk'uko umwihwezo wambere wavyerekanye. Abakoze urwo rukingo - Pfizer and BioNTech - bavuga ko ivyashitse babibona "nk'umunsi uhambaye ku buhinga mu bumenyi hamwe n'ikiremwa muntu". Urukingo rwabo rwageragejwe ku bantu 43.500 mu bihugu bitandatu kandi nta mwitwarariko ku ngaruka zarwo wigeze ubaho. Ivyo bigo bitegekanya gusaba guhabwa uruhushwa rwihutirwa kugira urwo rukingo rutangure gukoreshwa mu mpera za kuno kwezi. Urukingo - hamwe n'ubuvuzi bwisununuye - rubonwa nk'uburyo bwa mbere bwiza bwo gukura abantu mu mategeko ya guma muhira, yashizweko mu bihugu bitari bike bigahungabanya kubaho gusanzwe kw'abantu. Hari inkingo zirenga mirongo ibiri ziri ku ntambwe ya nyuma y'igerageza - izwi nka phase 3 trial (umuce wa 3 w'igerageza) - ariko uru rukingo nirwo rwa mbere rutanze inyishu. Rukoresha uburyo butaribwakoreshwe ahantu na hamwe - burimwo gutera mu muntu igice c'akagingo ndangakamere k'uwo mugera - kugira bamenyereze abasoda b'umubiri kurwanya uwo mugera. Ukugerageza kwa mbere kwerekanye ko urwo rukingo rumenyereza umubiri ukavyara abasoda - hamwe n'ikindi gice kigize ukwikingira kw'umbiri kizwi nka T-cells mu kurwanya coronavirus. Hakenerwa guterwa urushinge rw'uru rukingo inshuro zibiri zitandukanijwe n'ikiringo c'indwi zitatu. Kugerageza - muri Amerika, Ubudage, Brezile, Argentine, Afrika y'epfo na Turkiya - kwerekana ko gukingirwa gushika ku rugero rwa 90% bishikwako nyuma y'iminsi indwi uhawe urukingo rwa kabiri. Pfizer cemeza ko kizoshobora gutanga inkingo miriyoni 50 gushika mu mpera z'uno mwaka, kikazotanga izishika umuriyaridi 1,3 gushika mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2021. Ariko hariho ibibazo bijanye n'ububiko, kuko urwo rukingo rugomba kubikwa mu bukanye buri ku rugero rwa dogere 80 munsi y'ubusa (-80C). Hari kandi ibibazo vyo kumenya igihe uburinzi mu mubiri bumara kandi ivyo bigo ntivyatanze amakuru y'ukuntu urwo rukingo rwitwara mu nganwe zitandukanye. Dr Albert Bourda, umuyobozi wa Pfizer, yagize ati: "Turi hafi y'intambwe ikomeye yo kuronsa abantu hirya no hino kw'isi agahengwe banyotewe mu gufasha guhagarika iki kiza kibangamiye amagara kw'isi." Prof Ugur Sahin, umwe mu bashinze ikigo BioNTech, yavuze ko ivyashitsweko ari "intambwe y'akataraboneka". Ibiharuro vyashikirijwe ntivyavuye mu mwihwezo wa nyuma. Vyafatiye ku bakorerugushaka bambere 94 banduye Covid - kumenya neza na neza yuko uru rukingo rukora birashobora guhinduka igihe kwihweza neza ingene rukora bizoba vyaheze. Ibi bigo bivuga ko bizoronka ibiharuro nyavyo vyerekana ko ataco uru rukingo rutwaye ku magara mu ndwi ya gatatu y'ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe, bace bashikiriza uru rukingo inzego zemeza ko rukurikije amategeko. Ico gihe kitaragera, ntibishoboka ko ibihugu bitangura amasekeza yavyo yo gukingira abantu. Ubwongereza buramaze gutumiza inkingo imiriyoni 30.