headline: Ethiopia – Tigray: Uko umushikiranganji wa mbere Abiy Ahmed yayoboye urugamba rwo gutuza inyeshamba
text: Umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed yabanje kwibutsa ubutwari bw'abami batwaye ico gihugu mu gufata ingingo yo kuja ku rugamba kurwanya inyeshamba za Tigray zari zagabishije ko zigiye gutembagaza ubutegetsi bwiwe. Mu mashusho adasanzwe yerekana umugabo yatangajwe ko yatsindiye ku ncuro ya 100 agashimwe k'amahoro kitiriwe Nobel mu mwaka wa 2019, umushikiranganji wa mbere Abiy yerekanywe ku ma videwo n'amasanamu ari mu mwambaro wa gisirikare, aca mu mashamba, aduga imisozi, agenzura akarere akoresheje za ndabirakure (jumelles), avugana n'abasirikare bari munsi y'ibiti. Yavuga ati: "Mwebwe mwese mushaka kuba mu bana ba Ethiopia, mushaka kuzohayagizwa mu mateka y'igihugu, haguruke murwanire igihugu canyu uno musi. Duhurire ku rugamba". Kjetil Tronvoll, umwigisha w'ivyigwa bijanye n'intambara kuri kaminuza Oslo New University College muri Norvège/Norway, avuga ko ata nkeka ko ingingo ya Abiy yahinduye ibintu mu rugamba rwo kurwanya inyeshamba za Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). Ati: "N'aho amasanamu yerekana ko yari hafi y'ingabo ku rugamba ariko atari ku rugamba nyezina, ingingo yiwe yaragize akarusho". "Yarateye intege abajenerali biwe, ivyura agatima ko gukunda igihugu mu banyagihugu ba Ethiopia, ituma intwari za Ethiopia nka Haile Gebrselassie bahaguruka bafata mu mugongo urugamba, ibihumbi n'ibihumbi vy'abanyagihugu baja gushigikira igisirikare n'imirwi y'abarwanyi bo mu ntara ya Amhara". TPLF yahuye n'ibibazo bikomeye cane. Abarwanyi bayo bari mu micungararo y'igisagara ca Debre Birhan, ku birometero hafi 130 uvuye ku mugwa mukuru Addis Abeba, imbere y'uko birukanwa bagasubira ku birometero hafi 400 mu gisagara ca Weldiya. Ibi bisigura ko inyeshamba zatakaje ibisagara bikomakomeye kw'ibarabara A2 rifatanya icicaro cazo ca Tigray n'icicaro gikuru c'ubutegetsi bwa Ethiopia. Prof Tronvoll avuga ko mu gihe Abiy yari kumwe n'ingabo ziwe ku rugamba, indege za drone - bivugwa ko yoba yahawe n'Ubushinwa, Turukiya na Iran- zakoze igikorwa kidasanzwe mu gusubiza inyuma TPLF: "Wing Loong II y'Ubushinwa ivugwa ko yabonetse ko ari indege [ya drone] ifise inguvu za gisirikare zo ku rwego rwo hejuru mu gusambura vya bimodoka vya burende, ibirwanisho rutura no gutera amabombe ku basirikare bari ku maguru". Muri uwo mwanya nyene, reta yarateye akagere Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'ishirahamwe ry'ubumwe bw'ibihugu vya Bulaya (EU/UE) vyariko biyitera igitsure ngo ije mu biganiro vyo guhagarika intambara, inerekana ko ibihugu vya rutura vyo mu burengero bw'isi bishigikiye TPLF - ibi bikanavugwa kandi na Gebrselassie, uwahoze ari umunonotsi rurangiranwa wa Ethiopia. Yabwiye ikinyamakuru ca reta ati: "Twarabonye ingene Iraq, Syria, Yemen na Libya vyasambutse canke vyatatanye. Ariko Ethiopia ni igihugu gifise abanyagihugu barenga imiriyoni 120. Rero uwogerageza guhungabanya iki gihugu vyomugarukako". Ati: "Ndazi abavukanyi bacu ba Afrika baradushigikiye, kandi tumaze imyaka ibinjana turwaniriza hamwe ubukoloni". Prof Tronvoll avuga ko Abiy yatoye imvugo yatumye ibihugu vya Afrika bimushigikira, co kimwe n'ibindi vy'abakeba b'ibihugu vyo mu Burengero bw'isi: "Igihe iyi ntambara itangura, Abiy yavuze ko yariko ararwanya TPLF nk'akarwi k'inkorabara". "Ariko mu nyuma yaciye akoresha imvugo ya Afrika mu kuvuga ko TPLF ari icitso c'ibihugu birondera kuganza ibindi, kandi ko yariko arwanira iteka rya Ethiopia, nk'uko abami bo muri kahise babikoze". Mu kwa cumi na rimwe, Abiy yarerekanye isano riri hagati ya TPLF iriko igerageza gutembagaza reta yiwe n'Abataliyano bateye igihugu hanyuma bagatsindwa mu ntambara yabaye rurangiranwa ya Adwa (Battle of Adwa) mu 1896, barwanijwe n'igisirikare c'umwami w'abami Menelik II, ari na we yashinze Ethiopia y'ubu, akaba yava mu bwoko bwa Amhara. Aciye ku rubuga rwa Twitter, yanditse ati: "Bagenzi banje b'abanya Ethiopia, ng'aha no hanze, uruhara rwanyu rwo kubwira ukuri amahanga ni kirumara. Twese turi hamwe, turashobora gutsinda ikibazo gihanze iri hanga rya kera rihanganye n'inguvu za kure n'iza hafi. Nk'abana ba #Adwa tuzokwama turwanira #Ethiopia". TPLF wari umuhari w'inyeshamba washitse ku butegetsi muri Ethiopia mu 1991. Ni wo wari wiganje muri reta gushika mu 2018, igihe Abiy ashikiye ku butegetsi inyuma y'imyiyerekano ikomeye yo kwiyamiriza ubutegetsi bwayo bw'agahotoro. Waciye wisubirira mu cicaro cawo muri Tigray, ari naho watangurije intambara ya kanyeshamba mu mwaka uheze biturutse ku kutumvikana gukomeye na Abiy ku mpinduka yariko arazana mu gihugu. Uwihweza ibintu n'ibindi mu karere k'ihembe rya Afrika, Abdurahman Sayed asanzwe ari mu Bwongereza, avuga ko abanya-Ethiopia batari bake bahaye icubahiro Abiy inyuma y'aho afatiye ingingo yo kuja kurongora rugamba rwo kurwanya inyeshamba, ni mu gihe icizere cagenda kigabanuka igihe inyeshamba zariko zisatira. Avuga ati: "Mu guhaguruka agata umuhana agahamvya igisirikare, Abiy yatanze ubutumwa ko yari yiteguriye gupfira Ethiopia, bibaye ngombwa". "Arakunda cane kahise k'abami ba Ethiopia, mbere umusi umwe yabwiye abari bamuteze amatwi ko nyina wiwe yatanze ubuhanuzi ko azokomera gushika aho aba umwami agira indwi. Abami barakunda kurongora ingabo zabo ku rugamba, kandi nawe yakoze ikintu gisa n'iki". Prof Tronvoll avuga ko ivyakozwe na Abiy ari ibintu bitari bimenyerewe ku muntu yatsindiye agashimwe k'amahoro ka Nobel - agashimwe yahawe mu 2019 kubera yarangije indyane na Eritrea, akazana n'impinduka muri poritike ya Ethiopia inyuma y'imyaka mirongo y'ubutegetsi bw'agahotoro. Ati: "Barack Obama yatsindiye aka gashimwe amaze kuba perezida wa Amerika, hanyuma atanguza intambara ya drone muri Afghanistan, yiyicariye mu cumba c'intambara ca Maison Blanche/White House. Abiy ni we wa mbere yegereye ingabo ziri ku rugamba". Umushikiranganji wa mbere Abiy yabanje kugendera ingabo zari ku rugamba mu buseruko mu kw'icumi na rimwe, aho ingabo zidasanzwe hamwe n'imirwi y'abarwanyi bo mu ntara ya Afar bari bakubise bikomeye TPLF. Abdurahman ati: "Aba Afar ni ababanyi ba hafi cane n'aba Tigray. Muri kahise, bafatwa nk'abarwanyi. Hafi buri mugabo wese w'umu-Afar yategerezwa kuba atunze inkoho kuva ku myaka 15. Barahanganye bikomeye na TPLF, mbere n'abagore b'aba Afar baraja ku rugamba". "Ibi vyerekana ishavu bafitiye TPLF kubera amarorerwa abarwanyi bayo bakoze muri Afar, igihe bagerageza ubwa mbere kurenga imbibe za Tigray, haraciye hafi amezi atandatu". Abdurahman abona ko iki ari ikintu gikomeye muri iyi ntambara, kuko caburijemwo integuro ya TPLF yo gushika ku rubibe na Djibouti, ati: "Ethiopia ni igihugu kidafise umuhora ugishikana kw'ibahari, ikivuko ca Djibouti kikaba ari co soko ry'ubutunzi bwayo". "Iyo TPLF yigarurira ibarabara rishika ku rubibe, ubutunzi bwa Ethiopia bwari guhungabana, mu gihe ata bidandazwa vyari gushika i Addis Ababa, kandi ibi bikaba vyari gutuma abanya Tigray bagira amahirwe menshi yo kwigarurira umugwa mukuru". Abiy yagiye gusubira muhira inyuma y'indwi hafi zibiri, muri ino ndwi ibiro vyiwe bikaba vyatangaje ko yasubiye ku rugamba kurongora igisirikare mu kwigarurira utundi turere mu ntara ya Amhara. Ku ruhande rwayo, TPLF yatangaje ko yisubije igisagara ca Lalibela gifise amasengero yo muri kahise. Kubwa Prof Tronvoll, uyu mutegetsi wa Ethiopia yarashoboye kurwanira ubutegetsi bwiwe ariko akaba yaratosekaje ishusho yiwe kw'isi, ati: "Intumbero nyamukuru y'uwahawe agashimwe k'amahoro kitiriwe Nobel yategerezwa kuba amahoro, ariko Abiy yaranse incuro nyinshi umugambi wo guhagarika intambara, kandi n'ingabo ziwe zakoze amarorerwa menshi". Ariko Abdurahman avuga ko Abiy ata kundi yari kugira atari ukurwana kubera TPLF yari yiteguye gusubira gufata ubutegetsi ku nguvu. "Ntituzi igihe iyi ntambara izomara n'igihe izorangirira, ariko Abiy yarerekanye ko atari mugabo n'iryo".