headline: ADF: Menya uyu murwi w'inyeshamba za Uganda ukorana na IS ukagirizwa ibitero vy'iterabwoba
text: Akarere k'Ubuseruko bwa Repubulika y'Intwaro Rusangi ya Congo (RDC) kamaze igihe kirekire ari ikiririmbiro ry'imirwi y'inyeshamba zirwanya ubutegetsi bw'iki gihugu n'ubwo mu bihugu vy'u Rwanda, Uburundi na Uganda. Umwe muri iyi  mirwi izwi cane mu bikorwa vy'ubugome ikorera mu buseruko bwa Congo ni uyu murwi uva muri Uganda, Allied Democratic Forces (ADF). Uyu murwi ugendera ku vyiyumviro vya Islam washinzwe mu myaka ya 1990, ukaba wari uzwi mu ndyane zo hagati muri Uganda. Ariko rero umaze gushika muri Congo, waciye utangura ibikorwa vy'iterabwoba, aho ibitero vyawo vyinshi ukora bivugwa ko bikorwa kw'izina ry'umuhari wiyitirira Reta ya ki Islam, canke Islamic State/Etat Islamique (IS). Ku wa kabiri w'iyi ndwi, abihevyi barakoze igitero ku mugwa mukuru wa Uganda, Kampala, cahitanye abantu batandatu kinakomeretsa abandi barenga 30. IS yasohoye itangazo ku rubuga rwa Telegram, ryasohowe kandi n'ikinyamakuru cayo Amaq, aho ivuga ko abarwanyi bayo ari bo bakoze ico gitero. Abategetsi ba Uganda bari bamaze gutangaza ko umurwi wa Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), umurwi watangaje ko winjiye muri IS mu 2019, ari wo wakoze iki gitero. ADF yatanguye gute? ADF yashingiwe mu buraruko bwa Uganda n'abahoze ari ntwazangabo z'igisirikare c'uwahoze arongoye Uganda Idi  Amin, maze uca utanguza intambara yo kurwanya umukuru w'iki gihugu amaze igihe kirekire ku butegetsi, Yoweri Museveni, ivuga ko reta yiwe yakorera amabi atagira izina abanywanyi b'idini rya Islam. Uyu muhari umaze gutsindwa n'igisirikare ca Uganda mu 2001, waciye uhungira mu ntara ya Kivu y'Uburaruko muri Congo. Inyuma y'igihe kirekire yamaze ata bikorwa vyinshi ikora, ADF yasubiye kuvugwa cane mu 2014 aho watangura urukurikirane rw'ibitero ku banyagihugu basanzwe ba Congo. Mu 2015, niho Musa Seka Baluku  yashikira uburongozi bw'uyu muhari inyuma y'aho uwo yasubiriye Jamil Mukulu afatiwe. Bakulu avugwa ko yatagangaje ko yishize hamwe na IS mu 2016. Ariko umuhari IS wagiye gutangaza icese ko ukorera muri ako karere mu kwa kane 2019, aho wemanze ko ari wo wakoze ibitero ku birindiro vy'igisirikare hafi y'urubibe rwa Uganda. Mw'itangazo wasohoye, watangaje icitwa IS Central Africa Province  (Iscap), ni ukuvuga Intara ya IS yo muri Afrika yo hagati, ari nayo yagiye ivugwa gushika no muri Mozambike. N'aho hari ivyerekana ko IS na ADF zishize hamwe, IS ntirigera icisha mu kanwa ku mugaragaro uyu muhari muri poropagande yayo. Mukw'icenda 2020, Baluku yatangaje ko umuhari ADF utakibaho. Ati: "Ubu twebwe turi intara, intara ya Afrika yo hagati, umwe mu ntara nyinshi zigize Etat Islamique/Islamic State". Ibintu bimeze gute muri RD Congo? Nk'uko bivugwa n'ishirahamwe rijejwe impuzi kw'isi, UNHCR, kuva mu kwa mbere 2021, ADF iramaze kwica amajana n'amajana y'abanyagihugu b'inzirakarengane, abarenga 40.000 nabo mu karere ka Beni bateshwa izabo. Uyu murwi w'inyeshamba kandi ntugera umutwe ibirindiro vy'ingabo za reta n'iza ONU. Kuva IS imaze kwibonekeza muri RD Congo, ibitero vyagiye vyiyongera. Ibitero vya ISCAP bikunze kwibonekeza mu karere gakorerwamwo na ADF, Beni, ni mu ntara ya Kivu y'Uburaruko, ariko bikanashika no mu ntara ya Ituri ihana urubibe na Kivu y'Uburaruko. Ibitero vyinshi bikorwa ku makambi y'igisirikare, ariko vyinshi mu bitero vy'ubugome bikorwa ku banyagihugu b'abakirisu. Igitero kinini la ISCAP kivugwa ko ari icakozwe mu kw'icumi 2020 kw'ibohero ryo mu gisagara ca Beni, catumye abapfunzwe barenga 1000 batoroka. Indyane zirangwa mu buseruko bwa Congo rimwe na rimwe zikunze gutera imidugararo ishingiye ku madini, ariko kubona IS nayo ivyisutsemwo ibintu bishobora kwunyuka. Repubulika y'Intwaro Rusangi ya Congo ni igihugu gifise abanywanyi benshi b'aba Katorika, kandi iri dini rifise ikibanza gihambaye muri ico gihugu. Aba Islam bababa ibice 10%. Abanywanyi b'idini rya Islam i Beni ntiberekwa uyu muhari ariko rero ibi  bifise ingaruka zavyo. Mu kwa gatanu, abategetsi babiri ba Islam bari bazwi cane ko banegura ADF barishwe i Beni. ADF kandi izwi ko ikora ibitero ku banywanyi ba Katorika. Mu kw'icumi 2012, yarafashe mpiri abasenyeri batatu ba Katorika mu karere ka Mbau. Mu nyigisho zayo, IS irifatira mu gahanga Abakristu ikanakora kw'itama igisirikare ca Congo ko cananiwe no kubakingira ibitero vyayo. Inyigisho za IS ADF iboneka ko idafise ibinyamakuru vyayo icishako amakuru yayo. Ariko IS yoyo ifise imbuga zayo ku buhinga bwa none. Vyinshi muri propagande za ISCAP bishingiye ku nyandiko zayo aho yemanga ko yakoze ibitero mbere ikanerekana n'amasanamu yavyo. Mu kwa gatatu, mu nzira yo kwerekana ko ifise inguvu, ISCAP yasohoye amasanamu yavugwa ko ari ayo abarwanyi bayo bazunguruka mu kigwati kimwe mu ntara ya Ituri inyuma y'igitero bakoze ku ngabo z'igihugu. Ariko gusa, amashusho nk'aha ntakunze kuboneka, ibi bikerekana ko IS koko itarashinga imizi muri RD Congo. Umutekano muke uterwa n'imirwi y'inyeshamba muri Congo utumwa ahanini n'uko ubutegetsi bujegajega kandi ingingo zifatwa n'igisirikare zikaba ata cizere zifitiwe. Uku niko IS igenda ikwirakwira nk'uko vyagenze muri Irq na Syria mu mwaka wa 2014, hamwe no muri iki gihe nyene muri Afrika y'Uburengero, aho yakwirakwiye mu karere kose ka Sahel ihereye mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko bwa Nigeria. ISCAP nayo irashobora kwiheka inyuma y'indyane igakwirakwira mu bihugu bibanyi.