headline: South Africa: Jacob Zuma yatanguye ari intwari y'ubwigenge, aba Prezida, ubu ari mw'ibohero
text: Jacob Zuma yatahukanye ipete ry'ikimaramare muri politke mu kuba uwahoze ari umukuru w'igihugu wa mbere wa Afrika y'Epfo atawe muri yompi. Ubuzima bwiwe nk'umuntu yidegemvya - bwuzuye icubahiro c'uwahoze ari umukuru w'igihugu - bwaheze imbere gatoyi y'isaha zitandatu z'ijoro ryo kuwa gatatu. Niho mu buryo buteye ibishobisho yajanwa n'urukurikirane rw'imiduga akuwe iwe muhira mu kigwati ca Nkandla ajanwa mw'ibohero mu gisagara gitoya ca Estcourt. Umuhungu wiwe, Edward Zuma, yari yagabishije yuko "amaraso azoseseka" niyafatwa, ariko impera n'imperuka nta n'ima ryayo ryasesetse. Uyo mutama w'imyaka 79 yarishikanye, kuko yari azi neza y'uko atoshobora guhangana n'ubushobozi bwa leta, asiga inyuma umuhungu wiwe yari yashinze ibirindiro kw'irembo yitwaje inkoni. Zuma yarigeze kuba ari umunyepolitike ahayagizwa. Yarapfunzwe imyaka 10 mu 1963 ahowe kurwanya intwaro karyanishamiryango ya apartheid muri Afrika y'Epfo, hanyuma arahunga mu 1975 aja kuba uwujejwe igendereza rya African National Congress (ANC), imbere yuko agaruka muri Afrika y'Epfo mu 1990, aza gushikira ikibanza c'umukuru w'igihugu mu 2009, ariko gushika ico gihe izina ryiwe ryari rimaze gucafuzwa n'ivyagiriji vya ruswa. Yaragirijwe kandi gufata ku nguvu umugenzi w'umuryango, ariko aza kwezwa mu 2006 mu rubanza rwaciyemwo kubiri cane ANC, umuhari wahoze urwanira ubwigenge waje guhinduka umugambwe uri ku butegetsi mu 1994 kandi Zuma akaba yarawubereye umunywanyi kuva agifise imyaka 17. Ubu, yatawe muri yombi azize gusuzugura sentare igizwe n'abacamanza bo ku rwego rwo hejuru muri Afrika y'epfo - bakaba ari bo bajejwe guhagararira demokrasi yarwaniye ubuzima bwiwe bwose. Mu ntango za kuno kwezi, abacamanza ba sentare yubahiriza ibwirizwa shingiro bamukatiye umunyororo w'amezi 15 kubera gusuzugura itegeko ryo kwitaba abajejwe itohoza ku vyaha vy'igiturire yaregwa vyo mu kiringo c'imyaka icenda yabaye umukuru w'igihugu. Yanagomba kubazwa cane cane ku migenderanire yiwe n'abavukanyi Gupta bahunze Afrika y'Epfo mu 2018 igihe umugozi w'ubutungane wabagera ibikonjo. Bose barahakanye ivyo bagirizwa, kandi Zuma agashimangira y'uko abansi biwe ba politike bariko barakoresha sentare mu kumuhiga. Kuba yarwanije ivangura rifatiye ku rukoba muri Afrika y'Epfo igihe hari hakomeye intambara inyegeje yiswe Cold War hagati ya Amerika n'icahoze ari Ihuriro ry'Abasoviyeti (Union Soviétique), Zuma mu mutwe wiwe yumva akiri muri urwo rugamba. Abona y'uko ari inzirakarengane igambanirwa mu mugambi wateguwe n'ibihugu vya Buraya na Amerika - hamwe n'ibikoresho vyabo vyo muri Afrika y'Epfo - mu kuburagiza ibikorwa vyiwe vyo guheraheza inguvu z'ubutunzi bw'abazungu muri Afrika y'Epfo. Abatavuga rumwe nawe babona yuko uyu yahoze ari uwurwanira ubwigenge wo mu muryango ukenye, yaborejwe n'umurengwe w'ubutegetsi igihe intambara yo kwibohora yahera - ari kumwe n'abagenzi biwe bashasha b'abagwizatunga - asahura ubutunzi bw'igihugu ku rugero rw'ikirenga. Ahari ukuri ntiharamenyekana ariko ni intambwe ikomeye kuri demokrasi ya Afrika y'Epfo imaze imyaka 27, kubona uwahoze aharanira ubwigenge akanaba umukuru w'igihugu, atabwa muri yompi ahowe kugerageza kwiyumanganya kubazwa ivyo yakoze ari ku butegetsi. Vyerekana y'uko inzego za demokrasi za Afrika y'epfo - zikunze kwifatirwa mu gahanga n'abanyepolitike - zigikomeye, kandi abacamanza, abapolisi n'abakozi ba leta baraciteguriye gukurikiza amategeko mu gupfunga umugabo azinanye vyihariye na bamwe muri bo kandi bigeze gusangira urugamba mu gihe co kwibohora. Vyongeye, abacamanza baroroheye Zuma, bafata umwanya wo kumwumviriza igihe cose yakoresha muri sentare uburyo buzwi nk'umukenyuro wa Stalingrad - mu kurwanya ingingo ku yindi mu zashirwa imbere zose kugira arengutswe ku vyaha bikomeye aregwa. Kuwa gatanu (09/07/2021) umucamanza yaranse gukuraho ingingo y'ifatwa ryiwe, ku wa mbere naho sentare ikuriye izindi zose mu gihugu izokwumviriza ivyo yasavye vy'uko icaha co gusuzugura sentare cohanagurwa. Ibi ni akataraboneka muri Afrika y'Epfo,  kandi amezi ari imbere arashobora kubamwo ivyosanishwa n'ireresi igihe Zuma azoba ariko araburana, mu rubanza rundi, ku vyagiriji vya ruswa bijanye n'amahera imiriyaridi $5 ajanye n'isoko ry'ibirwanisho mu myaka ya 1990. Yagirizwa ivyaha 15 bijanye n'ubunyonyezi, igiturire, magendo, kutariha ikori hamwe no gutunga amahera atazwi imvo - ivyo vyaha vyose akaba yarabihakanye igihe yarenguka muri sentare mu kwezi kwa gatanu. Mu gihe Zuma ahanganye n'imanza mu nzira zitandukanye, ikibazo nyamukuru ni iki: Mbe azohava atsinda yidegemvye, canke azokwunguka irindi pete nk'impfungwa yo ku rwego rusumvya izindi muri Afrika y'epfo?