headline: Amatora mu Burundi 2020: Menya abakandida bitoza hamwe n'ivyo bashira imbere
text: Ku tariki 20/05/2020 abarundi babifitiye uburenganzira bazokwihitiramwo umukuru w'igihugu azobarongora mu myaka indwi iri imbere. Uru ni urutonde rw'abakandida indwi bazokwitoza muri ayo matora y'umukuru w'igihugu, hamwe n'imigabo n'imigambi yabo. Ingene bakurikirana muri ino nkuru bijanye na nimero baronse mw'itombola yakozwe n'umugwi w'igihugu wigenga ujejwe amatora, CENI. Evariste Ndayishimiye ni umunyamabanga mukuru w'umugambwe uri ku butegetsi CNDD-FDD kuva mu kwezi kw'umunani 2016, aho uwo mugambwe usubiriyemwo itunganywa ryawo, asubirira Pascal Nyabenda yari umukuru wawo. Yavukiye muri komine Giheta y'intara ya Gitega mu mwaka wa 1968. Azwi nk'umwe mu bari intwazangabo zikomeye muri uwo mugambwe ucitwa umuhari, mu ntambara yadutse mu Burundi inyuma y'igandagurwa rya Perezida Melchior Ndadaye yari amaze amezi atatu ku butegetsi. Ndayishimiye ari mu bacitse kw'icumu mu bwicanyi bwakorewe abanyeshure b'Abahutu kuri kaminuza y'u Burundi mu kwa gatandatu 1995, bituma ahamvya abandi barwanyi b'umuhari, ico gihe wari ucitwa CNDD ishami ryawo rya gisirikare rikitwa FDD, urongowe na Leonard Nyangoma yawutanguje mu 1994. Uyo muhari, mu nyuma wagiye kwitwa CNDD-FDD, umaze kwinjira mu masezerano y'amahoro ya Arusha yo mu 2000 ugashira ibirwanisho hasi mu 2003, Jenerali Ndayishimiye yarakoze mu biro bikuru vya gisirikare, mu nyuma aragenwa nk'umushikiranganji w'intwaro yo hagati mu 2006-2007, imbere y'uko agenwa kuba umuhanuzi wa gisirikare mu biro vy'umukuru w'igihugu. Imigambi yiwe nyamukuru ishimikiye ku gukomeza inzego z'umutekano no kwivuna abansi,  gukomeza igisata c'ubutungane,  intwaro ibereye, imibereho y'abanyagihugu, ibijanye n'amagara y'abantu, gutegekaniriza kazoza abenegihugu, indero, kurwanya ubushomeri, uburaro bwiza, ibidukikije, imico kama n'inkino. Imigambi y'ubutunzi ishingiye ku burimyi n'ubworozi, ubutare n'agataka, ubudandaji, ingenzi n'amahinguriro, hamwe no kwunguruza abantu n'ibintu. Evariste Ndayishimiye ategura kandi gukomeza  imigenderanire no gufashanya n'amakungu, aho avuga ko  ishingiye ku kwuzuzanya n'ugutsimbataza umwumvikano hagati y'u Burundi n'amakungu be n'amashirahamwe atandukanye. Gaston Sindimwo ni icegera ca mbere c'umukuru w'igihugu kuva agenywe, hari ku wa 20 z'ukwa munani 2015 ku butegetsi bwa Petero Nkurunziza, inyuma y'amatora yateye amahane mu Burundi. Yavukiye muri karitiye Bwiza mu gisagara ca Bujumbura mu mwaka w'1965, akaba kandi ari umunyamabanga mukuru w'umugambwe w'abadasigana UPRONA, imbere y'aho akaba yari umunyamabanga w'icegera c'uwo mugambwe. Mu vya politike, yemerera abarundi guteza imbere intwaro rusangi, kurwanya ibiturire, ashigikire ubwigenge bw'urwego rw'ubucamanza, yongere anagure ubucuti bw'u Burundi n'ayandi makungu. Yemerera Abarundi kandi gukomeza inzego z'umutekano. Mu vy'ubutunzi, imigambi yiwe ihagaze ku gusubiramwo intererano ihabwa amakomine, ku gutunganya gushasha ivy'amabanki cane cane ku bijanye n'ingurane, ashigikire uburimyi n'ubworozi, yubake amabarabara, gushigikira amahinguriro, kunagura igisata c'ingenzi, umuyagankuba, ubutare n'indero. Nayo ku bijanye n'imibano, akaranga n'imico, imigambi yiwe ihagaze ku kworohereza abarundi mu vyo ubuvuzi be no mu gushigikira imico n'akaranga k'u Burundi harimwo gusubiza iteka Ikirundi. Léonce Ngendakumana ni umunyapolitike wo mu mugambwe Sahwanya-Frodebu, umugambwe wa Perezida Melchior Ndadaye yagandaguwe mu 1993 haciye amezi atatu gusa ashikirijwe intwaro inyuma yo gutsinda amatora yo ku wa 01 z'ukwa gatandatu 1993. Léonce Ngendakumana  yavukiye mu ntara ya Bujumbura mu mwaka wa 1954. Yatanguye ibikorwa vya politike akiri muto, akaba yabitanguriye mu muhari witwa BAMPERE washinzwe na Ndadaye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1976. Mu nyuma yahavuye yinjira mu muhari w'abakozi witwa UBU washinzwe mu 1979. Bwana Ngendakumana ari mu batanguje umugambwe Sahwanya Frodebu mu 1986 mu mpisho. Mu matora yo mu kwa gatandatu 1993, yaratowe ngo abe mu bashingamateka ba Frodebu baserukira intara ya Bujumbura. Mu 1995, yabaye umukuru w'Inama Nshingamateka, mu bihe bitari vyoroshe na gato, gushika mu 2002. Mu matora yo mu 2005, Bwana Ngendakumana yarongeye aratorwa nk'umushingamateka w'umugambwe Frodebu n'aho watsinzwe n'umugambwe CNDD-FDD. Mu mwaka wa 2014, igihe yari arongoye urunani rw'imigambwe itavuga rumwe na leta rwari rwiswe ADC-Ikibiri yaraciriwe igihano co gupfungwa umwaka,  yagirijwe gutyoza no gukwiza urwanko rufatiye ku moko inyuma y'ikete yandikiye mu kwezi kwa kabiri uwari umunyamabanga mukuru wa ONU ico gihe, Ban Ki Moon. Iryo kete yanditse kw'izina rya ADC-Ikibiri, Leonce Ngendakumana yagabisha ONU ko mu Burundi hashobora kuba ihonyabwoko kubera urwaruka rw'umugambwe CNDD-FDD yavuga ko rwariko ruhabwa ibigwanisho nayo iradiyo television yegereye uwo mugambwe Rema FM akayagiriza kwitwara nka RTLM yo mu Rwanda imbere y'uko ibara rigwa mu 1994. Léonce Ngendakumana, avuga ko ashaka kugarukira demokarasi, intwaro ibereye n'agateka ka zina muntu, gukingira Abarundi bose,Uburundi n'ababubamwo, aho avuga ko azogarukira igisata c'umutekano yisunze intumbero ya Melchior Ndadaye. Avuga kandi ko azogarukira imigenderanire myiza hagati y'u Burundi  n'amakungu mu gukuraho icuka kibi kihari, ko azorwanya ubushomeri n'ubukene. Avuga ko azokomeza igisata c'amagara y'abantu, indero y'abana n'abanyeshure hamwe n'agateka k'abarezi. Léonce Ngendakumana avuga kandi ko afise umugambi wo kugarukana abarundi bose bavyipfuza bahunze igihugu cabo, be no kugarukira agateka n'iterambere ry'abakenyezi. Agira ati: "Utora nabi ugatwarwa nabi, upfa uko utoye ugapfa uko utwawe, hanyuma watora neza ugatwarwa neza". Nahimana Dieudonné yavukiye muri komine Gasorwe mu ntara ya Muyinga mu mwaka w'1974, akaba agiye guhiganirwa ikibanza c'umukuru w'igihugu ku giti ciwe. Mu vyo yaranguye, haciye imyaka 25 atanguje umuhari w'urwaruka rw'imboneza mw'ikanguro ryo mu mitima mu mico no mu mibereho, witwa NEW GENERATION. Yari awurongoye gushika mu mwaka w'2019. Ari mu batanguje kandi yahora arongoye Ihuriro ry'amashirahamwe y'urwaruka ruri mu bikorwa: Réseau des organisations des Jeunes en Action - REJA mu majambo ahinahinye. Yatanguje igikorwa cigisha ivy'uburongozi kigashigikira imigambi ifise intumbero yo kwigisha uburongozi nkorerabandi citwa Dieudonne Nahimana Foundation - DNF. Nahimana Dieudonné Yaronse ubushimwe butari buke, harimwo: Bimwe mu vyamutumye ashaka kwitoza nk'uwigenga, avuga ko ababazwa n'amacabubiri, ka mwana wa mama, igiturire no kwikunda avuga ko vyagiye vyibonekeza ku barongozi, bikaba vyarazingamitse igihugu. Avuga ko ashaka guha ikibanza ca mbere urwaruka. Ibindi ashira imbere ni: Francis rohero yavutse ku wa 16 z'ukwa mbere mu mwaka wa 1972, avukira muri Zone Rohero, karitiye Rohero iri mu gisagaraca Bujumbura, abavyeyi biwe bose bakaba bamuka muri komine Bugendana y'intaraya Gitega. Francis Rohero yavutse ari umwe mu muryango. Abavyeyi biwe Rohero Majoric, hamwe na  Rohero Hélène Ntawuyankira, bubakanye ku wa 19 z'ukwa 11 mu 1970, maze bibaruka umwana wa mbere, Francis, kuwa 16/01/1972. Haciye amezi ane gusa, se wiwe, ico gihe yari icegera c'umukuru w'igisata c'ingenzi, yaragandaguwe muri bwa bwicanyi bwo mu 1972, gutyo arerwa na nyina wiwe ari we mwana w'ikinege. Francis Rohero yagiye guhereza amashure yisumbuye kw'iseminari y'i Buta i Bururi, mu nyuma yinjira iseminari nkuru ya Burasira hanyuma iya Bujumbura, imbere y'uko yinjira kuri kaminuza y'u Burundi, nayo nyene yahavuye ahunga atarangije mu 1997 kubera indwano. Yahungiye muri Kameruni, akaba  ariho yagiye kurangiriza ivyigwa vya kaminuza. Avuga yuko nyina wiwe yamureze amwigisha kwirinda igikenye, inyigisho yamye agendera no kuva kw'ishure i Buta, mu gihe igihugu cose carangwamwo amacakubiri hagati y'Abahutu n'Abatutsi. Avuga ko yigiye cane ku bantu karuhariwe  muri kahise mu bijanye no kwirinda igikenye, nka Gandhi, Martin Luther King n'abandi, cane cane Yezu Kristu. Amaze guhunguka, Francis Rohero arazwi cane mu biganiro yakunda gushikiriza ku maradiyo yerekana ingene ibintu bikwiye kugenda ku neza y'u Burundi n'Abarundi, rimwe na rimwe ntibamutahure, ari naco catumye aruhira gutanga imihoho akava muri CNDD-FDD mu 2006 Inyuma y'aho niho yatanguje ico yise "Mouvement Orange" nk'inzira yoza aracishamwo ivyiyumviro vyiwe. Ivyiyumviro vyiwe vyatumye mu kwa cumi na rimwe 2018 apfungwa, aho yamaze indwi yose mu gasho, ariko agahava apfungurwa igipolisi kimaze kubona ko ata kabi kiwe. Mu kwezi kw'icumi 2019, niho yamenyesha ko ashaka kwitoza kuba umukuru w'igihugu, imigambi yiwe nyamukuru ikaba ihagaze ku gukomeza intwaro ibereye abicishije mu gutunganya gushasha ubutegetsi, gukomeza inzego z'umutekano no kuzironsa ivyo zikeneye, gutunganya igisata c'ubutungane, kworohereza ibinyamakuru kugira ngo bakore mu mwidegemvyo, aho avuga ko azokuraho amategeko yose abuza abamenyeshamakuru gukora bisanzuye. Avuga kandi ko ashaka gukomeza imigenderanire myiza y'u Burundi n'amakungu, gutunganya gushasha amategeko, aho avuga ko azonahindura ibwirizwashingiro kugira ngo hajeho iryubahiriza bose. Afise kandi  n'imigambi ijanye no kurwiza umwimbu no gukomeza ubutunzi bw'igihugu (ikigega, uburimyi n'ubworozi, ubudandaji n'ibindi), gukomeza imico kama, indero, amagara y'abantu… hamwe kandi n'ibijanye no gutumatumanako n'ukwiyunguruza, n'ibindi. Agathon Rwasa arongoye umugambwe Congrès National de Liberté, CNL, inyuma y'igihe kitari gito yatswe uburongozi bw'umugambwe FNL. Yavukiye muri komine Kiremba y'intara ya Ngozi mu mwaka wa1964. Mu 1988 biturutse ku bwicanyi bwa Ntega na Marangara, yararokotse ahungira mw'ikambi ya Kirwa iri mu ntara ya Tabora muri Tanzania, ari naho yinjiriye mu muhari PALIPEHUTU wari washinzwe na Rémy Gahutu mu 1980, uja guhinduka PALIPEHUTU-FNL  mu mahinduka yabaye muri uwo muhari mu 2001, amahinduka yatumye awurongora asubiriye uwari umukuru wawo, Cossan Kabura. Agathon Rwasa mu nyuma yinjiye mw'ishami rya gisirikare rya FNL ryegukira PALIPEHUTU, ari naho yahavuye aja ku rugamba rwashirwa imbere na PALIPEHUTU. Inyuma y'aho atahiye mu gihugu mu 2008 inyuma y'ibiganiro na PALIPEHUTU-FNL, Agathon Rwasa yarongoye umugambwe FNL kuva mu 2009 gushika mu 2010 inyuma y'aho umuhari PALIPEHUTU-FNL uhinduriye izina kugira ngo wisunge amategeko y'u Burundi abuza imigambwe ishingiye kw'ivangura. Muri ico gihe yahawe kurongora ishirahamwe INSS ryo kuziganiriza kazoza abakozi. Inyuma y'amatora yabaye mu 2010 Agathon Rwasa yarahunze yagiriza leta ko yashaka kumugandagura kubera yiyamirije ivyari bihejeje kuva muri ayo matora, ariko yakwa uburongozi bw'uwo mugambwe mu buryo burimwo igipfungu, uhabwa Jacques Bigirimana, uwo mugambwe muri kino gihe ukaba ari pfa mpfe na CNDD-FDD. Amaze kugaruka mu gihugu mu 2013, Agathon Rwasa yinjiye mu nama nshingamateka mu matora yo mu 2015 yaranzwe n'ukutumvikana gukomeye biturutse ku ngingo ya CNDD-FDD yo gushira imbere Petero Nkurunziza ngo yitoze mu kiringo kigira gatatu abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi bavuga ko cari giteye kubiri n'amategeko. N'aho urunani  Amizero y'Abarundi rwari ruhurikiyemwo abigenga rutagiye muri ayo matora, Agathon Rwasa n'abiwe bafashe ingingo yo kwinjira mu nama nshingamateka. Inyuma y'ugukwegana amashati hagati y'ubushikiranganji bw'intaro yo hagati nawe ku kibazo c'ugushinga umugambwe, ku wa 14 z'ukwa kabiri 2019 umugambwe wiwe CNL wahavuye wemererwa gukorera ku mugaragaro, akaba ari nawe yagenywe ngo azowuserukire mu matora y'umukuru. Imigambi  ashira imbere ishingiye ku guteza imbere uburimyi n'ubworozi, kunagura indero mu mashure yaba matomato, ayisumbiye na kaminuza, aho nk'akarorero avuga ko azogarukana uburaro mu mashure yisumbuye. Agathon Rwasa kandi  ashira imbere ukunagura ibisata vy'ubuvuzi n'amagara y'abantu, gutunganya ibisagara n'uburaro, amasoko ntanganguvu, ubutare n'agataka, kwiyunguruza no kwunguruza abantu n'ibintu, intwaro ibereye, imigenderanire, ubutunzi, ibidukikije, be no kwitaho no gukomeza inzego z'umutekano. Domitien Ndayizeye niwe arongoye urunani KIRA BURUNDI akaba ari nawe azokwitoza mu kibanza c'umukuru w'igihugu kw'izina ry'urwo runani. Yavukiye muri komine n'intara ya Kayanza mu mwaka wa 1953. Mu buzima bwa politike Domotien Ndayizeye yarabaye mu muhari MEPROBA washinzwe inyuma y'ubwicanyi bwa 1972, aho yari mu buhungiro mu gihugu c'u Rwanda, azezwa amabanga atandukanye. Mu nyuma yahavuye yinjira mu mugambwe Sahwanya Frodebu mu 1992. Amaze guhunguka, mu kw'icenda 1993, Bwana Ndayizeye yarajejwe amabanga atandukanye haba mu mugambwe Frodebu canke mu butegetsi bw'igihugu. Mu gihe u Burundi bwari mu ntambara yadutse inyuma y'aho umugwi w'abasirikare ico gihe ugandaguriye umukuru w'igihugu Melchior Ndadaye, Bwana Ndayizeye yarapfunzwe incuro zibiri. Ubwa mbere, yapfunzwe  kuva mu kwa kabiri 1995 aza kurekurwa mu kwa gatatu 1996, yagirijwe ko yari yifananije n'umuhari CNDD warwanya ubutegetsi. Yasubiye gupfungwa  mu kwa kabiri aho yamaze indwi imwe mu gasho k'igipolisi kijejwe umutekano mu gihugu (police de Sécurité Publique, PSP), yagirizwa guhungabanya umutekano w'igihugu, bitumwe n'uko umugambwe Frodebu wiyamirije itembagazwa ry'ubutegetsi bwa Sylvestre Ntibantunganya ryakozwe na Petero Buyoya ku wa 25 z'ukw'indwi 1996. Domitien Ndayizeye yaragize uruhara mu biganiro vy'amahoro vyatanguye mu 1998 birangira mu 2000. Ivyo biganiro ni vyo vyatumye aronswa amabanga y'ukurongora igihugu mu buryo bw'imfatakibanza, aho yabaye icegera c'umukuru w'igihugu kuva 01/11/2001 gushika ku wa 30/04/2003. Uwo munsi nyene niho yaca arahira kuba umukuru w'igihugu, amabanga yaranguye  gushika ku wa 26 z'ukwa munani 2005. Hagati aho, inyuma y'ukugira uruhara mw'ishirwa mu ngiro ry'amasezerano hagati ya leta n'umuhari CNDD-FDD, harimwo n'iyinjizwa ry'abarwanyi bawo mu nzego z'umutekano w'igihugu, ubutegetsi bwa CNDD-FDD bwaramupfunze kuva kuwa 21/08/2006 gushika ku wa 17/01/2007, aho we n'abo bari bapfunganywe bagirijwe ko bari bateguye gutembagaza ubutegetsi. Mu migambi yiwe, Domitien Ndayizeye mu vyerekeye ubutunzi n'iterambere ategura guteza imbere uburimyi n'ubworozi, guhimiriza urwaruka kwijukira gukora utwabo mu bisata bitandukanye, gusubiramwo itunganywa ry'amakori, guteza imbere ibisagara bitobito, kurwiza amasoko ntanganguvu n'ibindi. Nayo mu vyerekeye imibano, Domitien Ndayizeye ategura gusubiramwo inyigisho, ibijanye n'imishahara, kurwiza ubuzi, gusubiramwo ivyo ubuvuzi n'ibindi. Mu bijanye na politike, Domitien Ndayizeye ategura gusasagaza intwaro ibereye, guhagararira ubutungane bubereye, gukomeza ubuhinga bw'inzego z'umutekano, no kunagura imigenderanire.