headline: Icegeranyo ku rwego rw'isi kivuga yuko amamiriyoni y'abantu bicwa n'ubwandu budakorwako n'imiti
text: Mu 2019, abantu barenga umuliyoni n'ibihumbi 200 bahitanywe n'ubwandu buterwa n'udukoko twa bacterie tutagikorwako n'imiti ya antibiotics, nk'uko biri mu cigwa kinini kimaze gukorwa gushika ubu. Abo bantu barenze abahitanwa na malaria canke SIDA ku mwaka. Icegeranyo kivuga yuko ibihugu bikenye ari vyo vyakozweko gusumvya, ngo ariko ikibazo c'udukoko turinda imiti gihanze amagara ya buri wese. Kwongera ubu bwa vuba amafaranga mu guhingura imiti mishasha hamwe no gukoresha iyihasanzweho mu buryo bubereye, nivyo bihanurwa gukorwa kugira twese twikingire. Gukoresha ku buryo bw'umurengera imiti ya antibiotics muri iyi myaka ya vuba mu kuvura ubwandu buto vyatumye iyo miti ata kamaro igira ku bwandu bukomeye. Abantu bariko barahitanwa n'ubwandu busanzwe bwahora buvurwa, bitewe n'uko udukoko tubutera twashitse aho turinda iyo miti. Abajejwe ivy'amagara mu Bwongereza baheruka gugabisha yuko ikibazo c'udukoko turinda imiti (antimicrobial resistance [AMR]) ari ikiza cinyegeje gishobora kuzokwiserura nyuma ya Covid-19, kiretse imiti ya antibiotic itanzwe mu buryo bubereye. Ingereranyo y'abahitanywe na AMR kw'isi, yatangajwe mu kinyamakuru the Lancet, yafatiye ku mwihwezo wavuye mu bihugu 204 wakozwe n'abashakashatsi mpuzamakungu, barongowe na Kamunuza ya Washington muri Amerika. Baharuye ko abantu bashika imiriyon zitanu bapfuye mu 2019 bahitanywe n'indwara AMR yagizemwo uruhara - bakiyongera ku muriyoni 1,2 y'impfu zatewe na AMR ubwayo. Uyo mwaka nyene, bivugwa ko SIDA yahitanye abantu 860.000, malariya nayo 640.000. Benshi mu bapfuye kubera AMR bahitanywe n'ubwandu bw'imbere mw'ihemero, nk'umusonga, hamwe n'ubwandu bw'imihora y'amaraso, ishobora gutuma umuntu agira umuriro w'umurengera (septic). Ikindi kibazo kizwi nka MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) carahitanye benshi kurusha, mu gihe agakoko wa E. coli, hamwe n'utundi dukoko twinshi, natwo twagize uruha mu kurinda imiti kwa cane. Hifashishijwe amakuru yakuwe ku barwayi abitswe mu bitaro, ivyigwa hamwe n'ayandi masoko y'amakuru, abashakasha bavuga yuko abana ari bo babangamiwe cane, mu gihe urupfu rumwe muri zitanu zitewe na AMR rushika mu bana bari munsi y'imyaka itanu. Impfu zitewe na AMR zigereranywa ko ari: Deaths from AMR were estimated to be: Impfu zivuye kudakora kwa antibiotic vyari vyitezwe kuba: Prof Chris Murray, wo mu kigo kijejwe ibiharuro mu vy'amagara n'ubugenduzi kuri Kaminuza ya Washington, yavuze ko ibiharuro bishasha vyerekana isura y'ukuri y'ikibazo c'udukoko turinda imiti kw'isi kandi ko ari imburi yuko hakwiye kugira igikorwa vuba "nitwaba dushaka gutsinda urugamba rw'udukoko turinda imiti". Abandi bahinga bavuga ko gukurikrana urugero rw'ukurinda imiti mu bihugu bitandukanye n'uturere ari nkenerwa. Muganga Ramanan Laxminarayan, wo mu kigo Centre for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy, i Washington, yavuze ko amahera atangwa ku rwego rw'isi yo guhangana n'ikibazo ca AMR akeneye kwongerwa gushika ku rugero rw'ayakoreshwa ku zindi ndwara. Yagize ati "Ubwa mbere na mbere amahera akwiye gushirwa mu gukinga ubwandu, hakarabwa ko antibiotic zihari zikoreshwa neza kandi mu buryo bubereye, hamwe no gushira ku masoko antibiotics nshasha". Muganga Laxminarayan yongeye ati henshi kw'isi hari ikibazo co kubona imiti ya antibiotic izimbutse kanyi ivura neza - kandi ivyo bikwiye gufatwa nkama n'abarongozi mu vy'amagara hamwe n'abanyepolitike aho ari ho hose.