headline: Kurondera amamuko nyafrika y''intambo y'intambara ya Brazil, capoeira
text: Brésil  izwi nk'amamuko y'ubuhinga bwo kurwana busa n'intambo buzwi kw'izina rya capoeira, ariko amamuko nyezina mu bisanzwe yinjiye aciye mw'ibahari Atlantic. Marcia Veiga yandika ko muri Angola hari umugabo umwe ariko aragerageza kuvyura iyi ntambo yo muri kahise kugira ngo afashe abantu gusubira kw'iragi ryabo. Gatatu mu ndwi, ubushuhe bwo ku mugoroba burakubita, Lucio Ngungi ari mu kibuga ahantu hamwe i Luanda ku mugwa mukuru wa Angola. Akurikira akayira kagana ku kibuga c'umupira w'amaboko, mu gihe izuba ririco riracokera, hatangura kwumvikana amashi, indirimbo n'ingoma vy'abanyamuziki. Ku muzingi, abanyeshure bambaye T-shirts z'umuhondo ziriho 'masks' za kera, barindiranye igishika cinshi co kwinjira mu muzingi  babiri babiri. Bose ica rimwe, batangura bazunguruka bunamye i buryo n'i bubamfu, mu ntambo izwi nka Ginga. Umwe muri bo, asa n'uwataye umutwe, Ngungi, umukuru wabo yatwawe n'akaririmbo ngo: "Nta kindi gisigaye, hari ubumenyi butandukanye". Iyi rero ni Capoeira Angola, ubuhinga bundi bwo kurwana ariko bukoreshwa gake cane muri Bresil no muri Angola yo nyene ubwayo. Ariko izina ryayo ubwaryo rirerekana amamuko yayo yo mu binjana bitari bike - imbere y'uko abantu bagirwa abaja bakavanwa muri ako karere ko mu bumanuko bwa Afrika bakajanwa muri Amerika y'Ubumanuko kuba abacakara. Yavuyemwo ico icitwa Brésil ubu ibona ko ari umudiho ukomoka mu karanga nyafrika. Ibicurarangisho bifise uruhara ntangere mu gusamaza abarorerezi. Capoeira Angola irimwo akantu ko guterekera, kandi usanga ahanini batambira hasi cane. Nico gituma n'umuziki ugenda buke buke ugereranije n'umudiho uzwi cane, unzwi nka Capoeira Regional. Itandukaniro riri hagati ya  Capoeira Angola na Capoeira Regional ntiryoroshe kubona, ariko muri Capoeira Angola harimwo ibicurarangisho vyinshi kandi abayikora bumva ko ari nk'umugenzo wo gusenga. Intumbero ya Ngungi ni uko ubu bwoko bw'iyi ntambo bumenyekana cane mu bantu. Hafi imyaka 20 iheze, yatanguye kwimenyereza muri Capoeira Regional, ariko haciye imyaka indwi, yahavuye yumva ivya Capoeira Angola aca atahura ko Regional itari rwiwe. Uyu mugabo w'imyaka 36 ati: "Nagumye nibaza nti kubera iki mbandanya nkina Regional kandi nshobora kwishikira ku muzi w'igihugu canje". N'aho ata makuru akwiye yari afise, yarondeye kumenya umunya Brésil Pedro Trindade - yari azwi kandi nka Mestre Moraes - akaba yari yarigishijwe ko ari we muhinga yafashe iya mbere mu kunagura Capoeira Angola mu myaka ya 1980. Ngungi ati: "Rimwe rimwe ndashavura iyo niyumviriye ingene uruhara rwa Angola muri capoeira rwibagiwe". Mestre Moraes avuga ko uruhara rwa Afrika rwasuzuguwe, kimwe mu vyabitumye kikaba ari ivangura rishingiye ku rukoba. Asigura ati: "Yaramenyekanye nka kimwe mu karanga ka Afrika hanyuma ifatwa ko yari iyo kurwana kubera ishirahamwe ry'abacakara". Hagati mu kinjana ca 16, mu gihe bariko barakora mu mirima, abacakara batanguje icagiye kuba ishusho ya mbere ya capoeira ya Brésil, yahinduwe ubuhinga bwo kurwana buba nk'intambo kama. Inyuma y'aho ubucakara buvaniweho muri Brésil mu 1888, reta yarabujije capoeira, kubera ubwoba ko abacakara baronse ubwigenge bashobora kuyikoresha mu migumuko yari kugorana guhagarika. Yarabandanije mu kinyegero kandi abirabure benshi babandanije bakora icitwa ubu Capoeira Angola bakorera mu bibanza bitazwi, kandi bakoresha amazina atari yo mu kwiyoberanya. Mu myaka ya 1930, Reis Machado, azwi cane kw'izina rya Mestre Bimba, yatanguje uburyo bwo kwigisha capoeira bwatumye yoroha kwiga. Amaze kwumvisha ubutegetsi agaciro k'ubu buhinga bwo kurwana mu mico, bwahavuye bukuraho itegeko ryabuza capoeira, ivyamuhaye akaryo ko gutanguza ishure rya mbere ryigisha capoeira muri Brésil. Hagati aho, capoeira yabandanije gusuzugurwa, cane cane n'abanya Brésil bisununuye. Abonye bimeze uko, Mestre yaciye ashiraho ayandi mategeko ngenderwako - ategeka ko kuja muri yo utegerezwa kuba wambaye impuzu yera kandi nziza, ategeka abanyeshure kuza basa neza, mbere aca ashiraho n'uburyo bwo gutanga amanota ku barusha abandi. Ibi vyatumye capoeira ikwega abantu bashasha baciye batangura gukorera  capoeira mu nzu. Aha rero niho hatanguriye Capoeira Regional. Bitumwe n'uko hari bamwe babandanije bagendera kw'ishusho ya kera, bahavuye bemeranya ko boyita Capoeira Angola  kugira ngo bayitandukaye na capoeira Regional. Ariko uko imyaka yagiye iragenda, niko yagiye ishirwa ku ruhande ivamwo iribagirwa cane. Regional ifise umudiho unyaruka ugereranije na Capoeira Angola. Mestre Bimba yarongeye aravyorosha mu bicurarangisho bikoreshwa, aca akoresha cane umuduri n'ingoma. 'Yarangabanirije ishavu' N'aho yitwa gutyo, ibivugwa ko capoeira ifise amamuko muri Angola biracateye amadidane, kuko abacakara bavuye ku bivuko vya Luanda bari abavanywe mu turere dutandukanye twa Afrika yo hagati n'ubumanuko twose. Ariko ifitaniye isano n'intambo za Angola, nk'akarorero iyizwi nka N'golo - aho imisore ibiri irwana yigana ingene imparage zibiri zirwana barwanira umukobwa. Ariko, n'aho amamuko nyezina ataboneka neza, Ngungi yariyemeje gusubira muri kahise karanze igihugu imbere y'ubucakara yongere ahimirize abanya angola kwishimira akahise kabo. Yahunze afise imyaka 15 mu gihe ca ya ntambara yo muri Angola, ariko atahutse mu gihugu mu 2014, yashatse gufasha kuzana impinduka mu gihugu. Ngungi yabaye umuntu afasha abanyagihugu, hanyuma atanguza ishure ya mbere ya Capoeira muri Angola, Escola de Capoeira Angola Okupandula, bisigura ngo "ndagushimira wewe ngashimira na ba sokuruza". Yahawe ipete rya Contramestre (bisigura umuyobozi), kandi afise akarwi gato, ariko gafise ishaka, k'abanyeshure. Utujwi tw'ibi bicurarangisho -  agogô (amafirimbi), atabaque (ingoma) n'imiduri vyumvikana mu micungararo y'iri shure turyoheye ugutwi. Umunyeshuri w'imyaka 17 yitwa Kelly agira ati: "Nari mpagaze ku rubaraza neraguza irya n'ino kugira menye iyo ayo majwi yariko arava, ariho nagiye mbona Contramestre". Eka na Marcos w'imyaka 18 ni uko nyene, aho yagiye kumenya Capoeira Angola yumvise uwo muziki igihe yari ku rubaraza, haraciye imyaka itanu. Ati: "Nkina  Capoeira Angola imisi itanu mu ndwi kandi ndakunda ingene ingabaniriza ishavu, ikamfasha kwiyumva neza, ikamara irungu, kandi ikamfasha kwibagira ivyo hanze". Ukwigisha abanyeshure insiguro ya kahise ka Angola hampande y'umuco w'abanyaburaya ni ngombwa kuri iyi shure. 'Mu kintu kinini cane' Aguinelo umunyeshure akiri muto w'imyaka 15 ati: "Nize vyinshi ku muco wanje ndetse n'igihugu canje biciye muri Capoeira Angola gusumba kw'ishure". Mestre Moraes agereranya Capoeira Angola na ca kimenyetso cerekana isi idahera (symbole de l'infini/infinity symbol), ashaka kuvuga ko hagati mu muzingi umucapoeirista (ni ukuvuga uwukora capoeira) yumva ata mipaka ihari kandi ata n'umwe asumba uwundi. Ati: "Ikwigisha ko uri mu kintu kinini cane" . Abanyeshure ba Ngungi ni bo kimenyetso cavyo. Marcos ati: "Numva nishimiye kuba mfise ikibanza mu kintu kimbohoza cavuye mu bucakara, nk'umuntu nigenga". Indoto ya Ngungi ni uko umusi umwe yozogura ubutaka bukwiye yokwubakamwo ishure kugira ngo abandanye ahimiriza urwaruka gukoresha Capoeira Angola. "Nditaho cane abantu banje kandi nama ndiko ndiyibutsa ko kwishura ivyiza bankoreye atari agahato ahubwo ko ari igikorwa ntegerezwa gukora".