headline: Tokyo 2020: 'Gushingira ku gutsina mu buryo bweruye' – amategeko y'imyambaro y'abagore mu nkino
text: "Tuzofashanya kubandanya urugamba rwo guhindura amategeko ajanye n'inyambaro, kugira abakinyi bashobore gukina bambaye impuzu biyumvamwo neza". Ivyo vyashikirijwe n'ishirahamwe rya Norvège rw'umupira wa Handaball (NHF), inyuma y'aho umugwi w'abagore w'ico gihugu muri handball yo ku musenyi uciriwe ihadabu rya 1.500 mu mafaranga y'abanyaburaya, Euro. Ico bacumuye? Banse kwambara utubutura twa bikini mu nkino z'ihiganwa rya Buraya. Vyashitse  umunsi umwe imbero yaho, umunonotsi agendana ubumuga yari yabwiwe ko akabutura kiwe kari ''kagufi  kandi hari ivyo kerekana cane". Ikibabaje n'uko gushinga uko abakinyi b'abagore [n'abagore muri rusangi] bategerezwa kwambara atari  bishasha. Aha turasubiza amaso inyuma turaba aho vyashitse bikavugwako vyinshi n'urugamba rwo kubigwanya. BBC ntibazwa ibivuye ku zindi mbuga. Abakinyi b'umugwi wa handball wa Norvège baridoze bavuga  ko bikini bari bahawe ngo bambare mw'ihiganwa rya Buraya baherukamwo zabafata cane, zikozwe mu  buryo bushingiye ku gitsina birengeje, kandi batumva bazisanzuyemwo. Niko guca bahitamwo kwambara amabutura [nk'uko bigaragara kw'ifoto aho haruguru] igihe bariko barakina na Espagne baziga amahirwe yabo yo kuronka umudari wa bronze. Imbere y'uko inkino zitangura, Norvège yaregereye ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu rya Handball isaba ko abakinyi bayo bokwambara amabutura. Ivyo basavye ntivyanswe gusa, baciye bibutswa  ko kurenga amategeko bihanwa, kandi aho abakinyi bahiteyemwo kwambara amabutura mu rukino rwabo, baciye bahanishwa ihadabu ry'amafaranga angana na Euro 177 ku mukinyi umwe umwe. Ishirahamwe rya Handball rya Buraya (EHF) ryaciye iryo hadabu kubera ''umwambaro utabereye", rica rivuga ko abakinyi ba Norvège bambaye amabutura ''atajanye n'amategeko y'ingene abakinyi bambara nk'uko bitomorwa na IHF (Interenational Handaball Federation) mu mategeko ya handaball yo ku musenyi". Ariko iryo hadabu ryabaye mukorumbone. Abantu benshi baciye babaza bati niba abakinyi b'abahungu bashobora kwambara udupira tureture kandi twagutse n'amabutura amanuka gushika ku matako, kuki abagore batokwambara izimeze nk'uko? Umukuru w'ishirahamwe rya Norvège rya handaball , Kåre Geir Lio, avuga ati: "Igihambaye n'ukwambara mu buryo umukinyi yumva ko amerewe neza". Uretse gushigikira abakinyi, umukuru w'ishirahamwe ryabo yanemeye kuriha iryo hadabu. Umukuru w'ishirahamwe rya Norvège rya Volleyball Eirik Sordahl yavuze ati: "Mu 2021 nticari gikwiye no kuba ikibazo." Nawe umushikiranganji w'ico gihugu ajejwe imico n'akaranga Abid Raja yanditse kuri Twitter ati: "Birateye isoni - harakenewe impinduka mu buryo kigabo no kugendera ku vya kera mu biranga itunganywa ry'inkino kw'isi". N'umuririmvyi wo muri Amerika P!nk yemeye gutanga iryo hadabu. BBC ntibazwa ibivuye ku zindi mbuga. Haheze imyaka myinshi abakinyi b'abagore bidogera ubwo budasa mu nkino zibera ku musenyi, kandi bakaba bavuze ko babona bikini ibatesha agaciro kandi  bitoroha kuyikinamwo. Umunyamakuru akurikirana inkino, Renata Mendonca, yabwiye BBC ati: "Urukino rwose rukeneye amategeko. Ariko iyo hari amategeko yerekeye abagore gusa, aho haca haba ikibazo." Tova Leigh yahoze ari umushingwamanza ubu akaba atunganya ibica ku mbuga mu buryo bwa 'digital', yabwiye BBC ati: "Uko ni ukuvangura bifatiye ku gitsina mu buryo bweruye. Ikibabaje ivangura rifatiye ku gutsina mu nkino riraba cane kandi rirafise ingaruka nini ku gituma abakinyi benshi b'abagore baheba amahiganwa." "Ikibazo si amabutura. Ikibazo n'uko no mu 2021 abagore bakibwirwa ivyo bashobora canke badashobora kwambara kuko imibiri y'abagore igifatwa nk'ibintu vy'inyungu z'abagabo, ivyo bigaca biha uburenganzira umwe wese bwo kugira ico abivuzeko n'ico asaba no kugira." Leigh yakunze kwandika no kugira ico avuze ku mbuga hwaniro ku bijanye n'ingene imibiri y'abagore iba ikibazo uko iminsi yaharuwe, yongerako ati: "Abagore mu nkino ntibahabwa agaciro, bafatwa nk'abaryosha ibirori gusa, ntibafatwa nk'abagize umwuga urwo rukino". Mendonca nawe barahuza, ati: "Nta nsiguro yumvikana ihari kuri bikini, inkino nta na kimwe zizoba hamwe abagore bokwemererwa gukina bambaye amabutura - ikizoba conyene n'uko bazokina bumva bamerewe neza." Mendonca, ari mu bashinze urubuga rwa Dibradoras mu buryo bwa 'digital', rufise intumbero yo gutuma abagore bamenyekana gusumba mu nkino mu kubaha umwanya wo kugaragara, avuga ko babikwiriye ariko akenshi badahabwa akaryo ko kumenyekana ku mbuga zimenyerewe cane. Avuga ati: "Amahiganwa mu nkino yashiriweho abagabo - nk'uko ivyo biherutse gushika bivyerekana." "Mu 2021, abantu barongoye amashirahamwe y'inkino, akenshi abagabo b'abazungu, baracabona abakinyi b'abagore nk'ibisharizo, biri ngaho kugira binezereze abagabo." "Abagore ni bo bategerezwa kuvuga ivyo babona bibabereye kwambara. Ariko kubera ata bagore benshi barongoye amashirahamwe y'inkino mbere akenshi ugasanga ata n'umwe, amajwi y'abagore mu nkino ntiyumvirwa." "Kuko amajwi y'abagore mu nkino atumvirwa, kandi kuko ingene abagore bategerezwa kugaragara n'ingene bambara mu nkino bitegerezwa kugenzurwa n'abandi bari iruhande yabo". BBC ntibazwa ibivuye ku zindi mbuga. Ariko umugwi wa Norvège si wo wa mbere w'abagore mu nkino uhuye n'iki kibazo kandi bishoboka cane ko utazoba uwa nyuma. Mu vy'ukuri,  umunsi umwe imbere y'uko bacibwa ihadabu, umukinyi w'Ubwongereza agendana ubumuga amaze guca umuhigo w'isi kabiri, Olivia Breen, ''yarabuze ico avuga'' igihe yabwirwa ''akabutura kabereye gusumba'' mw'ihiganwa ryo mu Bwongereza. Ivyo vyavuzwe n'umutegetsi mu nkino, yagize ati, ''akabutura kiwe" kari ''kagufi kandi kagaragaza cane". [Murashobora kubona ingene yari yambaye muri iyo 'tweet' iri haruguru.] Uwo mwirutsi anasimba uburebure (longueur), ari mu barindiriye guhiganwa mu bagendana ubumuga mu nkino za Tokyo mu kwezi kuza, avuga ko intumbero yiwe mu kugira ico avuze ari ukugira ahagarike ko bishikira abandi. Breen avuga ko bikini yari yambaye ''yashika haruguru y'ikiyunguyungu nk'izindi bikini z'inkino''. Yabwiye BBC ati: "Tuba dushaka guhwahuka uko bishoboka kwose iyo turi mu mahiganwa, ntitwumve ko turemerewe, kandi twumve tumerewe neza. "Maze imyaka icenda nambara gutyo, nta na rimwe nari bwagire ikibazo. Dutegerezwa kwambara ivyo turekuriwe kwambara." Leigh avuga ati: "Ubwo burorero bubiri womenga buravuguruzanya, ariko ku bisanzwe n'impande zibiri z'ikingorongoro kimwe." "Imibiri y'abagore ifatwa kandi ibonwa 'nk'ingorane'. Imibiri yacu ibonwa nk'iyagaragaye 'ukutariko' canke nk''iyidahimbaye bikwiye." Iki kibazo naco caje mu 2016 igihe isanamu yo muri Olympic za Rio yahanahanwa cane ikongera ikavugwako vyinshi. Ifoto y'abakinyi babiri ba volleyball yo ku musenyi - umwe wo mu Misiri n'uwundi wo mu Budagi [raba aho haruguru], yatumye havugwa vyinshi atari ukubera ubukerebutsi bwabo mu rukino ariko kubera ivyabonwa nk''igihushane mu myambaro' yabo, aho hari ibinyamakuru vyavuze ko iyo foto yagaragaza ''ugusekana'' kw'akaranga. Ayo majambo yariyamirijwe cane abenshi bavuga ko ahubwo ko iyo foto yerekana ''ubushobozi bw'inkino bwo kwunga ubumwe''. Doaa Elghobashy wo mu Misiri [aboneka aho kw'ifoto] yari umukinyi wa mbere muri volleyball yo muri Olympics yakinye yambaye hijab. Iico gihe yavuze ati: ''Maze imyaka 10 nambara hijab…Ntimbuza gukora ibintu nkunda gukora, kandi volleyball yo ku musenyi ni kimwe muri ivyo". Ariko ivyavuzwe kuri iyo foto imwe, vyerekanye ikibazo kinini gusumba ku bantu benshi. Ico gihe umumenyeshamakuru wo mu Bwongereza Hannah Smith yanditse ati: "Hatarabwe aho uturuka, imibiri y'abagore n'ingene iba yambaye iracari icibare ca bose - canke bivuzwe neza gusumba, icibare c'abagabo." "Ico wambara cose kugira ukine nk'umugore, uzokwama ugira ico uvuzweko n'abagabo baravye urwo rukino." 'Umwambaro' wa Serena Umukinyi rurangiranwa wa tennis wo muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yageneye umwambaro wiwe wo muri French Open mu 2018 ''abavyeyi bose bagize imbanyi (inda) zibagoye'', igihe yagaruka avuye mu karuhuko ko kuvyara. Uwo mukinyi amaze gutsindira Grand Slam incuro 23 yavuze ko umwambaro wiwe watumye yumva ko ari ''umwamikazi wo muri Wakanda'', afatiye  kw'isinema (film/movie) Black Panther. Yabwiwe ko uwo mwambaro utazosubira kwemerwa kandi, aho umukuru w'ishirahamwe rya tennis mu Bufaransa, Bernard Giudicelli, yabwiye ikinyamakuru Tennis magazine ati: "Nibaza ko hari igihe twarengeje urugero. Utegerezwa kwubaha urukino n'aho rubera''. Williams  yavuze ko uwo mwambaro wamufasha guhangana n'ikibazo c'ivura ry'amaraso cahatswe kumuhitana mu gihe co kuvyara. Ariko avuga ko yabibwiye  Giudicelli ico gihe, ashimika ko iyo ngingo "kitari ikibazo gikomeye" kandi ko "iyo bazi ko ibintu bimwe bitumwa n'ikibazo c'amagara ko batoheza ngo bavyemere". None mu gihe hari abakinyi benshi b'abagore bihagararako abantu nabo bakomeza kuvuga ari benshi - ibintu vyoba bitanguye guhinduka? Abagira gymnastic b'abadagi bambaye umwambaro ubakwiye hose mu gice co gukuranamwo mu gisata c'abagore muri Olympics aho babandanije kwihagararako mu kurwanya ko urukino rwabo rurabwa mu ntumbero z'igitsina. Bamwe bari bambaye umwambaro usa n'uwo bambaye mu nkino za Buraya uyu mwaka, Sarah Voss akaba avuga ko we na bagenziwe bashatse ko abakiri bato bumva ko batekaniwe muri urwo rukino. Uwo mwambaro [nk'uko Pauline Schaefer-Betz yambaye aho haruguru] ntaho uhuriye n'ivyari bimenyerewey, bamwe bakaba bahisemwo kwambara 'collant' abandi nabo bahitamwo kwambara uwubafuka ku maguru mu mahiganwa mpuzamakungu bakaba babigira ku mvo z'idini. Abagize umugwi w'Ubudagi barambaye umwambaro nk'uwo bariko barimenyereza mu ndwi iheze, uwumaze gutwara umudari wa Olympic gatatu Seitz akaba yavuze ico gihe ko ari ukubera "kwiyumva ko umerewe neza''. Yavuze ati: "Twashaka kwerekana ko umugore wese, uwariwe wese, ari we yohitamwo ico yambara." N'ubwo Soul Cap ata gahengwe iraronka - ibintu bisa n'ibiriko birahinduka. Ingingo yo kubuza kwambara udukofero abagore bafukisha umushatsi mwinshi cane w'abirabure - Afro - mu kwoga mu mahiganwa mpuzamakungu, ishobora gusubirwamwo kubera ivyashitse. Soul Cap yavuze ko FINA, urwego rw'isi mu nkino zo mu mazi, yababwiye ko inkofero zabo zidakwiriye kubera zidahuye ''n'imforo ndemanwa y'umutwe''. Ariko ayo majambo yaraneguwe cane na benshi bitaba inkino zo mu mazi, bamwe bavuga ko azoca inkokora abakinyi b'abirabure mu kwitaba izo nkino. Ubu FINA ivuga ko "iriko irasubiramwo uko ibintu bimeze" ku vyerekeye izo nkofero. Ntivyitezwe ko inkuru z'abakinyi b'abagore banegurwa kubera ingene bambaye zitazobandanya kuvugwa cane muri kazoza. Ariko ku bwa Leigh, hari ikintu kimwe dushobora gukora twese kugira dufashe, ico naco kikaba ari ''ukuvyiyamiriza igihe cose tubibonye''. Kubera iki? Kuko ''dukeneye kwereka abakobwa, kuva bakiri bato, ko inkino ari ikibanza c'abagore".