headline: India: Ingene umwambaro wa hijab wambarwa n'abagore bo muri Islam uteje ibibazo
text: Intara yo mu Buhindi yugaye amashure yisumbuye na kaminuza biturutse ku kibazo c'umwambaro wa hijab kiriko gikurikiranirwa hagufi n'amakungu inyuma y'aho uwuharanira agateka ka muntu Malala Yousafzai yatsindiye agashimwe kitiriwe Nobel avyinjiriyemwo. Reta y'intara ya Karnataka iri mu bumanuko bw'Ubuhindi yafashe iyi ngingo inyuma y'aho abanyeshure bihereye amabarabara mu myiyerekano ishingiye ku bakobwa bambara uwu mwambaro wo mw'idini rya Islam, imyiyerekano yandurutsemwo imigumuko. Kuri uyu wa gatatu, sentare nkuru y'iyo ntara itegekanya kwiga ku rwandiko ruvugira abagore b'aba Islam. Ibi bibaye inyuma y'aho abanyeshure batandatu b'urwaruka bagiriye imyiyerekano imbere y'ishure ryegukira reta ku kibazo co kwambara hijab, imyiyerekano yaciye ikwiragira ku yandi mashure. Abanyeshure batari bake b'aba Hindu nabo baciye biha amabarabara bambaye ibitambara vy'umutugutu  - ibara ry'ikimenyetso c'idini rya Hindu - mu kwiyamiriza abakobwa b'aba Islam bambara hijab. Ejo ku wa kabiri, umupfasoni Malala - umugore yarokotse igitero c'aba Taliban muri Pakistan afise imyaka 15 ahorwa ko yariko avugira abakobwa ko boronswa uburenganzira bwo kwiga  - yateye akamo abategetsi b'Ubuhindi ko bogira ico bakoze kugira "bahagarike inenwa abagore b'aba Islam bakorerwa". Uyu mupfasoni w'imyaka 24 yanditse kuri Twitter ati: "Kubuza abakobwa kuja kw'ishure bambaye hijab zabo ni ibintu bibabaje. Ivyo gufata nabi abagore birabandanya - kubera uko bambaye". Mu Buhindi, uru ruhagarara rwongereje ubwoba n'ishavu mu nkehwa z'aba Islam bavuga ko ibwirizwashingiro ribaha uburenganzira bwo guhitamwo ivyo bambara. Ejo ku wa kabiri, amareresi yakwiragiye cane yerekana umukobwa w'umu Islam ariko azomerwa n'ikirwi c'abagabo bakiri bato  bamuvugiriza induru, n'impari zikomeye hagati y'abanyeshure bambaye hijab n'abandi bambaye ibitambara vy'umutugutu. Mu bintu bidakunze kuba, umucamanza ariko arakurikirana uru rubanza yateye akamo abanyeshure hamwe n'abandi "kubungabunga amahoro n'umutekano". Ikibazo catanguye kuja hejuru igihe abanyeshure batandatu biga kw'ishure ryisumbuye ryo mu karere ka Udupi mu ntara ya Karnataka batangura imyiyerekano kubera bari babujijwe kuja mw'ishure bambaye hijab. Udupi ni kamwe mu turere dutatu tugize intara ya Karnataka iri ku nkengera - ari naho higanje umugambwe Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) w'umushikiranganji wa mbere Narendra Modi. Abihweza ibintu n'ibindi bafata ko iyo ntara ari icicaro gitegurirwamwo poritike y'aba Hindu ari na bo benshi mu gihugu. Umugambwe BJP kandi ni wo urongoye iyi ntara ya Karnataka. Iri shure rivuga ko ryemereye abanyeshure kwambara hijab mu gihe bari mu kigo, ariko bagasabwa gusa kuzikura iyo bari mu masomero. Ariko abari mu myiyerekano  - bose bakaba bari mu mwambaro w'ishure - bavuga ko ari ngombwa ko bemererwa gupfuka imishatsi yabo mu masomero. Umwe muri aba banyeshure Almas AH, yabwiye BBC Hindi ati: "Turafise abigisha bakeya b'abagabo. Rero ni ngombwa ko dupfuka imishatsi yacu imbere y'abagao. Ni co gituma twambara hijab". Aba banyeshure barahakana ivyo bagirizwa ko bazambara babitegetswe n'umurwi Campus Front of India - ishami ry'umurwi w'abanyeshure ugendera ku vyiyumviro bikaze vya Islam, Popular Front of India - ari na wo ubavugira. Si kenshi abagore bakunze kuboneka bambaye hijab na burka (umwitwikiro w'umubiri wose mw'idini rya Islam) mu Buhindi, aho kwerekana ibimenyetso vy'idini ku mugaragaro ari ibintu bisanzwe. Ariko umukuru w'iri shure avuga ko ari ngombwa ku mwigisha kubona abanyeshure mu maso, kandi ko umwambaro w'ishure utuma ata vangura riba mu banyeshure. Inama z'urutavanako hagati y'abanyeshure, abarongoye ishure hamwe n'abaserukira reta ntaco zashitseko. Ikibazo c'abanyeshure b'abakobwa b'aba Islam bambara hijab carakwiye mu yandi mashure makuru makeya y'i Karnataka, ariko cagiye kurenga inkombe igihe amasanamu y'aba bakobwa bari mu myiyerekano i Udupi akwirakwirijwe. Ubwo nyene, abanyeshure b'aba Hindu mu yandi mashure amwe amwe baciye batangura kuza mu masomero bambaye ibitambara vy'umutugutu  - ivyatumye abarongoye ishure bategeka ko iyi myambaro yompi itemewe mu bigo. Mu ndwi iheze, ireresi yafatiwe kw'ishure rikuru rya Kundapur mu karere ka Udupi yerekana abanyeshure bambaye hijab bankiwe kurengana bariyeri, yatumye ibintu biyangara. Imirwi y'abanyeshure b'aba Hindu  - abahungu n'abakobwa - nabo baciye batangura imyiyerekano yo kwiyamiriza bagenzi babo bigana bambaye hijab. Gusa nta mishamirano yari bwabe gushika ejo ku wa kabiri - hasigaye amasaha makeya ngo sentare itangure kwiga urwo rwandiko - aho baciye batangura guterana amabuye mbere baranaturira mu bisagara bimwe bimwe. Abategetsi b'abakere baciye bashira mu ngiro ingingo ya 144 (Section 144) - itegeko ryo mu gihe c'ubukoloni ryabuza abantu barenga bane gukoranira hamwe - mu ntumbero yo guhagarika iyi migumuko. Mu karere ka Shivamogga, umurwi w'abanyeshure b'abahungu bafashwe amashusho baduza ibendera ry'umutugutu kw'ishure ryabo, reta ica itangaza ko hagiye gukorwa amatohoza. Mu karere ka Mandya, ireresi yazungurutse cane yerekana umukobwa yambaye burka asugerezwa n'umurwi w'abagabo bambaye ibitambara vy'umutugutu. Mu gihe babandanya bamuzomera bavuga ngo Jai Shri Ram (twogereranya na 'Mana nziza'), nawe yarihagarayeko, ashira ijwi hejuru ati "Allah Akbar" (Imana ni yo nkuru) mu gihe abarongoye ishure bamuherekeza bamuvanaho. BBC ntibazwa ibivuye ku zindi mbuga Mu nyuma, uyo mugore azwi kw'izina rya Muskan yavuze ko umukuru w'iryo shure yamwemereye ko azomushigikira. Yabwiye ikinyamakuru The Indian Express ati: "Hari abandi bakobwa b'aba Islam na bo nyene bazomerewe nk'uku. Abarongoye ishure be n'umukuru waryo ubwiwe ntibigeze batubuza kwambara burka, none ni kubera iki nokwumviriza abo hanze?" Umutegetsi mukuru mu gipolisi yabwiye BBC Hindi ko ibi ari "ikibazo gito" kandi ko bafise ibintu mu minwe. Reta y'intara ivuga iki? Umushikiranganji w'indero w'intara ya Karnataka Nagesh ashigikiye abategetsi b'ishure bavuga ko, vyaba ibitambara n'ibisikafu vy'umutugutu, vyaba ibitambara vy'imyitwikiro, vyose ntivyemewe mu bigo vy'amashure. Avuga kandi ko aba banyeshure bagumuwe "n'inkozi z'ikibi". Afatiye ku kungene ishami rya poritike ry'umurwi Popular Front of India ririko rigerageza gushinga imizi mu karere ko ku nkengera, Nagesh yabwiye BBC Hindi ati: "Vyose bishingiye kuri poritike. Ibi vyose biriko biba kubera amatora yimirije mu mwaka uza". Sentare ivuga iki gushika ubu? Sentare yahawe inzandiko zibiri zivugira abari muri iyi myiyerekano. Rumwe ruvuga ko ibwirizwashingoro ry'Ubuhindi ritanga uburenganzira kuri buri muntu guhitamwo ivyo yambara. Urundi narwo rukarwanya itegeko riherutse gushingwa na reta y'intara ritegeka inyambaro yemewe mu mashure, ribuza ibitambara vyo mu mutwe n'ama hijab. Imbere y'uko urubanza rutangura kwigwa, igihe umushingwamanza yari asavye ko rwunguruzwa, umucamanza Krishna Dixit yaranse. Ati: "Ibishobisho vyose bigume hanze. Ibwirizwashingiro ni Bhagavad Gita (igitabo ceranda c'aba Hindu). Jewe nzokorera ku ndahiro nagize igihe ntangura akazi. Si vyiza ko abanyeshure baguma hanze". Uyu mushingwamanza aburanira abari mu myiyerekano avuga ko itegeko rya reta ribuza hijab riteye kubiri n'amategeko kandi ko rihonyanga ibwirizwashingiro - agasaba kandi ko sentare ifata ingingo mfatakibanza yokwemerera abanyeshure kubandanya biga imbere y'uko ibibazo bitangura.