headline: Abantu bakomakomeye Africa yabuze mu mwaka urangiye: abaperezida, abahoze ari abaperezira n'abandi
text: Mu gihe umwaka waraye urangiye uwundi nawo ukaba utanguye, turabire hamwe bamwe mu bantu bakomeye bapfuye kuri uno mugabane wa Afrika. Turabe cumi muri aba bantu tutakiri kumwe. Mamma Sarah, nk'uko bamutazira, yagiye kumenyekana cane kw'isi igihe umwuzukuru wiwe Barack Obama abaye umukuru w'igihugu wa Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 2009, ariko imbere y'aho, yari azwi cane mu karere yamukamwo mu burengero bwa Kenya aho yari yarongowe n'umugabo yari akuze cane nawe akiri umuyabaga - nk'uko imico n'imigenzo yabitegeka. Mu myaka mirongo, yari arongoye ikigo co gufasha kwigisha impfuvyi n'abakobwa, ikintu yiyumvamwo cane kubera we nyene ubwiwe atari azi gusoma. Mu 2014, ONU yaramuhaye agashimwe ku gikorwa ciwe. Barack Obama  yavuze ko kwitangira indero vyatanguriye ku bana biwe, ati: "N'ubwo atari nyina wiwe w'amaraso, Nyokuru yarareze dawe nk'umwana wiwe, kandi urukundo rwiwe ruri mu vyatumye dawe ashobora guhangana n'ingorane aritwara neza mw'ishure gushika aho aronka uburenganzira bwo kuja kwiga kw'ishure kaminuza ryo muri Amerika". Barack Obama yavuze ko mu buzima bwiwe, Sarah Obama yagiye abona impinduka zitari nke uko ibihe vyagenda "ariko ubutwari bwiwe  - kugira umutima rugabo, yiyemera, akunda ibikorwa, adatwarwa n'ibihuhusi hamwe n'ubugwaneza vyiwe - ntibwigeze buhungabana". Sarah Obama yapfuye ku wa  29 z'ukwa gatatu 2021 Urupfu rw'uyu yari umukuru w'igihugu ca Tanzania rwatangajwe mu kwa gatatu inyuma y'indwi zirenga zibiri zari ziheze ataboneka. Reta yatangaje ko yahitanywe n'indwara y'umutima, ariko rero abakeba biwe bamwe bamwe ba poritike bavuze ko yari yanduye Covid-19. John Magufuli, uwakuriye mu muryango w'abarimyi, yagiye kuba umukuru w'igihugu mu 2015 akaba yari mu bategetsi bari bubashwe muri Afrika. Kw'izina ry'iritazirano nka Tingatinga (The Bulldozer), abamurwanya bamwagiriza ko yari umutegetsi yatwaza umukazo yarwanije ibinyamakuru, agatera ubwoba abatavuga rumwe nawe, yongera atuma abantu benshi bahitanwa na ca kiza ca coronavirus kubera yafashe minenerwe imigambi yo kukirwanya. Muri iki gisata, twatakaje kandi : Umukuru w'igihugu wa Tchad Idriss Déby, yiciwe ku rugamba, hamwe n'umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Côte d'Ivoire Hamed Bakayoko, yahitanywe na kanseri. Abahoze ari abakuru b'ibihugu vya Algeria - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, Madagascar - Didier Ratsiraka, Somalia - Ali Mahdi Mohamed na Chad - Hissène Habré, nabo nyene barapfuye. Icegera c'umukuru w'izinga rya Zanzibar Seif Sharif Hamad, umushikiranganji w'imigenderanire wa Zimbabwe Sibusiso Moyo hamwe n'umushikiranganji yari ajejwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu Joel Biggie Matiza nabo bose barapfuye bahitanywe na  Covid-19. UMUNYAMUZIKI Alemayehu Eshete, 80 Uyu azwi nka Elvsi wa Ethiopia, Alemayehu yabaye rurangiranwa muri Ethiopia mu muziki wo mu mudiho wa jazz kuva mu myaka ya 1960 akaba yabandanije aryohera abantu gushika umwaka wanyuma w'ubuzima bwiwe. Kuva akiri muto, yari azwi cane mu gusubiramwo indirimbo za Elvis Presley, ariko mu 2008 yabwiye ikinyamakuru Guardian ko James Brown ari we yahavuye aba icitegererezo kuri we. Ati: "Nambara nk'umunyamerika, ndatereka imishatsi yanje, nkama ndirimba Jailhouse Rock na Teddy Bear - rimwe na rimwe twararirimba Strangers in the Night. Ariko kuva igihe ntanguriye kuririmba indirimbo z'iki amharic, abantu barankunze bimwe bidasanzwe". Alemayehu Eshete yapfuye ku wa 02 z'ukw'icenda, abanya Ethiopia bakimukunda cane. Muri iki gisata c'abanyatugenegene, twaratakaje kandi : umunyamuziki wa Afrika y'Epfo Sibongile Khumalo, yaririmvye kuva ku midiho ya jazz gushika ku midiho kama; umucuraranzi w'itarumbeta wa Afrika y'Epfo Jonas Gwangwa;  umuririmvyi w'indirimbo zihayagiza Imana n'umudiho wa jazz  Wambali Mkandawire; umwe mu banyamuziki ba Senegal bakomeye cane Thione Seck; umunyamuziki wa Cameroun  Wes Madiko; umunyamuziki w'umunyarwanda wo mu mudiho wa rap Jay Polly, yari yapfunzwe yagirizwa gutunga ibiyayuramutwe; umunya Namibia yaririmba mu mudiho wa hip-hop Kanibal hamwe n'umwe mu baririmvyi ba Algeria  bakunzwe cane Rabah Deriassa UMUHINGA mu kuremura ibihimba vy'umubiri Matolase Mtonga, 34 Nk'umwe mu bahinga ba Zambia mu vyo kubaga mu kuremura ibihimba vy'umubiri vyonionekaye  (chirurgie plastique/plastix surgery),  Mtonga yagiye kubona umuhamagaro wiwe igihe yariko aravura abarwayi bahiye, ico gihe akaba yari umunyeshure yiga ivy'ubuganga. Ishirahamwe ReSurge ryanditse riti: "Ni ukuri yari icitegererezo c'umugore w'akarorero, kandi yari mu nzira yo kuba umugore wa mbere muri Zambia yose w'umuhinga mu bijanye no kuremura ibihimb vy'umubiri vyononekaye. Uru ni uruhombo rukomeye cane, atari gusa kuri twebwe twari tumuzi, ariko kandi no kuri kazoza muri iki gisata, haba mu gihugu ciwe eka mbere no kw'isi yose". Mtonga yapfuye mu kwa cumi na kabiri haciye igihe gito avuye mu nama ya chirurgie plastique yari yabereye muri Amerika. Rwabaye urupfu rubabaje cane. Ubutumwa bwacishijwe kuri Facebook ni ubwo umugabo umwe yavuriye umugore wiwe mu myaka mike iheze, aho yanditse ati: "Dr Mtonga yageze kure akoresha amafaranga yiwe kugira agure ivyari bikenewe kugira ngo ashobore kuvuga umugore wanje, aho hose yashaka ko umugore wanje akira ukuboko kwiwe kw'iburyo n'intoke". Twatakaje kandi: Umwigisha wa kaminmuza wa Nigeria akongera akaba n'umuhinga mu bijanye n'imigera David Olufemi Olaleye hamwe na John Baptist Mukasa, umwe mu bahinga bake ba Uganda mu bijanye n'ukubaga imitsi, yari yiyemeje kwigisha abandi baganga ku nyungu za kazoza. Uyu munya Afrika y'Epfo yahanganye n'ubutegetsi bw'ivanguramoko bwa apartheid muri Afrika y'Epfo, yinjiye mw'ishengero rya Anglican  aratera imbere gushika aho aba umwirabure wa mbere abaye Musenyeri mukuru  wa Cape Town mu 1986  - haciye imyaka ibiri ahawe ka gashimwe k'amahoro kitiriwe Nobel ku ruhara rwiwe mu kurwanya intwaro y'inkehwa z'abazungu. Kw'izina ry'iritazinaro rya The Arch, yahavuye agenwa kurongora umurwi wo kumenya ukuri n'ukurekuriranira inyuma y'aho Nelson Mandela atsindiye amatora ya mbere y'inyuma ya apartheid mu 1994. Nk'umuntu yafatwa nk'umuhanuzi muri Afrika y'Epfo, Tutu ntiyatinya kunegura bikomeye ubutegetsi bw'inyuma ya apartheid muri ico gihugu yataziriye The Rainbow Nation.  Tutu yapfuye mu kwezi guheze kwa cumi na kabiri, iyi ndwi yose ikaba iheze bariko baramwunamira, bikaba bitegekanijwe ko ashingurwa kuri uyu wa gatandatu. Twatagkaje kandi : FW de Klerk, umukuru w'igihugu wa nyuma w'ubutegetsi bwa apartheid muri Afrika y'Epfo, yasangiye agashimwe ka Nobel na Mandela mu 1993 kubera yafashije mu biganiro vyarangije ubutegetsi bwa apartheid. TB Joshua yapfuye ku wa 05 z'ukwa gatandatu. Ubutumwa bwacishijwe ku rubuga  rwa Facebook rw'uyu muvugabutumwa wa Nigeria  bwavuga buti: "Imana yisubije Umukozi wayo". Bwatumye imiriyoni n'imiriyoni y'abanywanyi b'ihsengero ryiwe kw'isi yose Synagogue Church of All Nation baja mu kigandaro. Uyu muvugabutumwa yari asanzwe afise abanyaporitike bo hejuru mu banywanyi biwe, yagiye kuba rurangiranwa kubera "ibitangaro" vyiwe, mbere akaba yatangaje ko yari afise ububasha bwo gukiza indwara z'ubwoko bwose, harimwo n'umugera wa SIDA. Muri iki gisatan yene twaratakaj: Umukardinali wa Cameroun Cardinal Christian Tumi, aho urupfu rwiwe rwashize hamwe mu mubabaro iki gihugu kirangwamwo indyane,  Alexandre José Maria dos Santos, umupatiri wa mbere w'umwirabure wa Mozambike yagiye kuba mu nyuma umu kardinali wa mbere w'ico gihugu, umutegetsi wo mw'idini rya Islam muri Tunisia  Hichem Djait hamwe n'umusenyeri mukuru wa Katorika muri Sudani y'Epfo Paulino Lukudu Loro. Abanonotsi ba Kenya baracitse intege bamaze kwumva ko mugenzi wabo yaciye umuhigo kw'isi yacumiswe imbugita gushika yitabe Imana mu kw'icumi. Umugabo wiwe, Ibrahim Rotich, avuga y'uko ata ruhara afise muri ubu bwicanyi. Tirop yaboneka ko yari agiye kuba umwirutsi rurangiranwa inyuma yo guca umuhigo ku birometero 10 ku ruhande rw'abagore mu kw'icenda, mbere akaba yaraserutse mu nkino za Olempike i Tokyo. Twatakaje kandi: Umunyonzi w'ikinga wa Eritrea Desiet Kidane, yapfuye agonzwe n'imodoka igihe yari mu myimenyerezo, umunya Senegal yahoze arongoye ishirahamwe ry'abanonotsi kw'isi (IAAF) Lamine Diack, umukinyi w'umupira w'amaguru wa Afrika y'Epfo Ryder Mofokeng yabaye kizigenza w'umurwi Kaizer Chiefs mu kiringo c'imyaka 11, hamwe n'umukinyi w'umupira w'amaguru wo muri Nigeria Yisa Sofoluwe, yari azwi mu murwi nserukiragihugu nka "Defence Minister" (umushikiranganji w'ukwivuna abansi). Uyu mwami w'Abazulu muri Afrika y'Epfo, yari umuntu akomeye cane yaharanira akaranga n'imico kama mu myaka 50 yose yari amaze ku butegetsi. Yari uwo mu muryango w'Umwami Cetshwayo, yayoboye Abazulu muri ya ntambara yabahuza n'igisirikare c'Ubwongereza mu 1879. N'aho uyu mugabo, se w'abana 28 yavyaye ku bagore batandatu, ata butegetsi bwa poritike bwite yari afise, yaserukira abafise ivyiyumviro vy'uko Afrika y'Epfo itiyigeze yibagira akahise kayo, n'aho yahindutse ikaba igihugu ca none. Umwe mu bagore biwe, umwamikazi Queen Mantfombi Dlamini-Zulu, yaramusubiriye mu kwa gatatu, ariko yaciye apfa haciye ukwezi kumwe gusa. Twatakaje kandi: Sulutani Sultan El-Hadj Ibrahim Mbombo Njoya w'umunya Cameroun, umwami w'abanyagihugu bo mu bwoko bw'aba Pedi muri Afrika y'Epfo, Victor Thulare III na Kefa Sagbadjou Glele, umwami w'aba Abomey muri Benin. Uyu mukinyi w'amareresi wo mu Misiri yamaze imyaka 50 akina amareresi. Yarakinye amareresi ateye ubwoba ariko kumbure yari azwi cane kandi akundirwa ubuhinga bwiwe bwo gutwenza. Kuri bamwe, izina rya El-Bably ryibutsa imyaka ya 1950 na 1960 igihe sinema yabica bigacika. Mu nyuma yahavuye amenyekana cane kuri televiziyo akina udukino mu mareresi yakunzwe cane mu buzima bwa buri muryango igihe cose ca Ramadani. Soheir El-Bably yapfuye k uwa 21 z'ukwa cumi na rimwe. Twatakaje kandi : Umunyarwenya w'umusomalia Ibrahim Ismail, azwi cane ku ritazirano rya  Soran, hamwe na Abdi Muridi Dhere uwundi munyarwenya w'umunyasomalia nyene. Uwundi umwe mu banyarwenya ba Nigeria rurangiranwa Baba Suwe na we nyene yarapfuye. Uyu yarwaniye ukwikukira kwa Zambia yapfuye mu kwa gatandatu, yari umwe mu bategetsi ba nyuma ba Afrika barwanije intwaro za gikoloni. Yavuga ko icipfuzo ciwe ari ukubona buri munya Zambia afise igi ku meza mu mfungurwa ziwe zo mu gitondo, agacupa k'amata - kandi buri munya Zambia akambara ibirato. Kw'izina ry'iritazirano rya KK, yarakunda kuvuza igitari, akaba yari umwigisha imbere y'uko yinjira mu rugamba rwo kurwanira ukwikukira, mbere akaba yari mu bantu bari bafashe mu mugongo utwigoro two kurandurana n'imizi ubutegetsi bwa apartheid muri Afrika y'Epfo, yongera afata mu mugongo imihari yo kwibohora muri Mozambike no muri Zimbabwe.