headline: Prince Philip: Ivyaranze ubuzima bwiwe n'icubahiro yagize hose
text: Umuganwa  Philip, Duc wa Edinburgh, yabashije kugira icubahiro hose kubera gushigikira cane Umwamikazi kandi igihe cose. Rwari uruhara rutoroshe ku w'ariwe wese, ubaye urareka umugabo yari amenyereye ivya gisirkare kandi yari afise aho ashingiye bikomeye ku bibazo bitari bike. Ariko n'izo nguvu nyene z'inyifato yiwe zamufashije kurangura neza ivyo yari  ajejwe maze akabona gushigikira atiziganije umugore wiwe mu mabanga yiwe y'Umwamikazi. Yari umugabo w'Umwamikazi ari ku ngoma ariko Philip nta ruhare  rw'ibwirizwa nshingiro yari afise. Ariko nta n'umwe yari hafi y'Umwamikazi kurusha we canke ngo abe akomeye kuri we kurusha uko we. Umuganwa Philip w'Ubugiriki yari yavutse itariki 10 ukwezi kwa 6 mu  1921 kw'izinga rya Corfu. Urupapuro  rwiwe rw'amavuko rwerekana ko yavutse itariki 28/5/1921 kuko Ubugiriki butari bwatangure gukoresha ikirangamisi ca Gregoire (calendrier Gregorien). Inyuma y'itembagazwa  ry'ubutegetsi mu 1922, se yaciye acibwa na sentare y'impinduka. Ubwato bw'intambara bw'Ubwongereza  bwarungitswe na  muvyarawe wa kabiri, Umwami George V, bwaciye bujana umuryango mu Bufaransa. Umwana  Philip ahanini yamaze urwo rugendo rwo mu mazi mu gatebe gakozwe mu dusandugu twari twavuyemwo imicungwe. Philip yatanguriye ishure mu Bufaransa ariko ku myaka 11, yaciye aja kubandanya n'incuti ziwe mu Bwongereza aho yize ishure  nteguza i Surrey. Philip yari yavutse nk'umuganwa w'umugiriki ariko yamuka ku banye Danemark n'Abarusiya. Ico gihe nyina yari yatowe indwara ya schizophrenie aca ajanwa aho bene abo bantu barwarira. Umwana Philip yabonana gake cane nawe gushika akure. Mu 1933 yarungitswe kwiga kuri Schule Schloss Salem mu Budagi bw'ubumanuko , ishure ryari rirongowe n'umuntu yari imbere mu barondera guteze imbere amashure Kurt Hahn. Ariko mu mezi make, Hahn, yari Umuyahudi,yaciye yomoka ahunga ihigwa n'aba Nazi. Hahn yaciye aja muri Ecosse aho yaciye ashinga ishure rya Gordonstoun, ari naryo Philip yaciye yimukiramwo amaze ibice bibiri mu Budagi. Ingendo nk'iya Sparte yaranga ishure rya Gordonstoun, yari ishingiye ku kwibako, niyo yari ijanye n'umwana w'umuyabaga yari yatandukanye n'abavyeyi biwe akaba nka nyamwigendako. Mu ntambara Intanbara ya kabiri y'isi iriko iregereza, Philip yaciye ahitamwo kuja mu gisirikare. Yashaka kuja mu ngabo zikoresha indege ariko umuryango wa nyina wari usanzwe ufise kahise mu vy'imirimo yo mu mazi uca umuhanura kwinjira mw'ishure ry'ingabo zo mu mazi  rya Royal Naval College i Dartmouth. Aho niho yashingwa guherekeza Abaganwakazi bari bakiri bato Elizabeth na Margaret, mu gihe Umwami George VI n'Umwamikazi Elizabeth  bariko barazunguruka iryo shure. Ku bw'ababibonye, Philip yariyerekanye cane. Umuganwakazi Elizabeth yari afise imyaka 13 yahavuye agenda aramutangarira. Philip ntiyatevye kuba inkerebutsi kuri iryo shure rya Gordonstoun. Yavyerekanye mu kuba uwa mbere mw'ishure ryiwe, mu 1940 aca atangura kuja ubwa mbere mu bikorwa vya gisirikare ahereye  mw'ibahari Indiano. Yaciye arungikwa ku bwato bw'intambara HMS Valiant muri Mediterranee aho yavuzwe ku ruhara mu ntambara ya Cape  Matapan mu 1941. Nk'intwazangabo yari ajejwe amatara yo kurondeza y'ubwo bwato, yagize uruhara runini  muri ico gikorwa gikomeye co mw'ijoro. Hashitse mu kwezi kw'icumi mu 1942 ariwe mu lieutenant yari akiri muto kurusha abandi mu ngabo zo mu mazi yakora ku bwato  bw'intambara HMS Wallace. Gutangaza ivy'umubano Muri ico gihe we n'Umuganwakazi Elizabeth baraja bararungikirana amakete, akaba yaratumiwe kuza kumara iminsi mu muryango w'i bwami akatari gake. Rimwe yaje kubaramutsa, mu gihe ca Noel yo mu 1943, niho Elizabeth yashira ifoto ya Philip mu mwambaro wa uniforme z'ingabo zo mu mazi ku meza yategurirako impuzu ziwe. Imigenderanire yabo yarabandanije mu gihe c'amahoro, n'ubwo hari abatabishaka mu batoni b'i bwami-muri bo hari umwe yavuze ngo Philip "arahuruduka kandi ntafise  inyifato nziza''. Ariko Umuganwakazi yari yamukunze cane hanyuma muci ryo mu 1946, Philip aca asaba Umwami kumuha umukobwa wiwe ngo bubakane. Ariko imbere y'uko hatangazwa ko vyemewe, Umuganwa Philip yategerezwa kuronka ubwenegihugu bushasha hamwe n'izina ry'umuryango. Aca aheba izina ryiwe ry'Ubugiriki, aba umwenegihugu w'Umwongereza, aca afata izina rya nyina rivuzwe mu congereza, Mountbatten. Umunsi umwe imbere y'uko ubukwe buba, Umwami George VI yaciye aha Philip  icubahiro  c'abo mu nda y'ubwami, bukeye mu gitondo c'ubukwe, aba yagizwe Duc wa Edimburgh, Earl wa Merioneth hamwe na Baron wa Greenwich. Ubukwe bwabereye Westminster Abbey ku wa 20/11/1947. Vyari ibirori, nk'uko Winston Churchill yabivuze, vy'umwakaka w'amabara' mu Bwongereza bwari bucijiriwe inyuma y'intambara. Umuganwa Philip yarasubiye mu kazi kiwe ko mu ngabo zo mu mazi aca arungikwa gukora muri Malte, aho ubwa mbere nibura, we n'umugore, bashoboye kubaho nk'uwundi muryango wose wari mu butumwa  bw'akazi. Umuhungu wabo, Umuganwa Charles, yavukiye ku kirimba Buckingham mu 1948 mu gihe Umuganwakazi Anne yabonetse  mu 1950. Mu 1952, bafashe urugendo rwo kuzunguruka Commonwealth, basezewe n'umwami Geaorge VI we, atazwi n'umwuzukuru wiwe w'umukobwa, yari afise indwara ya cancer. Umuganwa Philip yabaye uwa mbere yakeje Umwamikazi igihe yimikwa. Abari bahari ico gihe bavuga ko yari gushobora guca ashikira, iyo abishaka, icubahiro ca First Sea Lord. Ahubwo yaciye yironderera ico yokora na cane cane, aho Elizabeth abareye umwamikazi. Yari afise ivyiyumviro vyinshi vyo kugira ivyo ahinduye mu ntwaro ya cami ariko abanyamabanga b'ikirimba ntibabimwemereye. Umuganwa Philip ntiyari  umugabo aha ikibanza ivyo kwicuza, ariko mu nyuma yaravuze ko yababajwe n'uko atashoboye kubandanya igisirikare. Kuvugurura intwaro y'ubwami. Igihe bari bacumbitse mu nzu  iri mu kibira c'ibikoko  muri Kenya mu kwezi kwa kabiri niho hatangura kuvugwa ko umwami yapfuye. Yari yafashwe n'indwara yo kuvura amaraso yo mu mutima idatevya kwica. Vyaguye kuri Philip kuba ariwe amenyesha ubwa mbere umugore wiwe ko yabaye Umwamikazi. Umwe mu bagenzi babo yavuze ko ico gihe Philip yaciye asa n'uko "igice c'isi" kimuguyeko. Aho yagumanye ububasha bwiwe bwose  mu guha indero abana biwe. Niwe yarungitse umuhungu wiwe w'imfura Charles mw'ishure nawe yari yarizemwo rya Gordonstoun, ariko ntiryamuguye neza namba, mbere yahavuye ariheba. Inkino Umuganwa Philip yarakunda inkino. Yasoza ubwato, agakina cricket na polo, yari azi cane kugendesha ibitwazi bikwegwa n'amafarasi akaba yaranabaye imyaka myinshi umukuru w'ishirahamwe ry'isiganwa ku mafarasi. Kuba yari umuntu yavuga atarya umunwa rimwe na rimwe vyaramutera ibibazo. Yahavuye afatwa nk'umuntu atari azi kuraba aho avugira na cane cane iyo yaba ari mu mahanga. Ari mu Bushinwa mu 1986 mu rugendo hamwe n'Umwamikazi, yabwiye abanyeshure b'Abongereza ati ''nimwamara igihe kinini ngaha amaso yanyu azomera nk'ayabashinwa''. Muri Australia naho mu 2002 abaza umugwizatunga w'umu Aborigene niba ''mugiterana amacumu.'' Ukutumvikana n'umuhungu w'imfura wiwe vyagiye gusubira kuja ahabona hasohotse igitabo ku buzima bwiwe canditswe n'umunyamakuru Jonathan Dimbleby. Vyavuzwe ko Philip ariwe yatumye Prince Charles arongora atabishaka Diana Spencer. Ibihe bikomeye N'ubwo Philip yababajwe cane n'ukubona ingo z'abana biwe batatu kuri bane zisambuka, yagumye yanka kugira ico avuze ku bibazo bimuraba ubwiwe aho yabwiye ikinyamakmuru mu 1994 ati ntiyari bwabikore gushika ico gihe kandi ntagiye kubitangura. Gushigikira ubwami Yigeze kubwira BBC ati : ''Nakoze gushika aho nibaza ko ariho nashobora kugeza. Sinshobora guhindura ingene nkora. Niko meze''. Ministre wa mbere David Cameron yarabimushimiye buca ahimbaza isabukukuru yiwe y'imyaka 90. Yavuze ati ''yamye ari umuntu akora ibintu mu buryo bwiwe ata wundi yomwigana, afatiye ku buzima busanzwe mu buryo nibaza ko Abongereza bakunze''. Umuganwa Philip yarashoboye gukoresha ikibanza ciwe kugira hagire ico afashije mu buzima bw'Ubwongereza, hanyuma aragira uruhara mu gufasha intwaro y'ubwami kwisunga ivyagenda birahinduka mu buryo abantu babona ibintu uko imyaka yagenda irahera. Ariko kimwe mu bintu bikomeye yashitseko, kwabaye ugushigikira adahesha Umwamikazi mu myaka myinshi y'ingoma yiwe. Igihe bahimbaza imyaka 50 bari bamaze bubakanye, umwamikazi yarakeje umugabo wiwe, yabaye umugabo w'umwamikazi wa mbere yaramvye ku ngoma muri kahise k'Ubwongereza. ''N'umuntu adakunda cane gushimagizwa, ariko  yabaye inkomezi zanje, kandi akiriko muri iyi myaka yose. Hanyuma jewe n'umuryango wiwe wose tumufitiye  umwenda uruta uwo ashobora kutwishuza canke tutazokwigera tumenya uko ungana.'' Kurwanira ibidukikije Umugamwa Philip yaritanze cane mu  gukingira ibidukikije na cane cane amashamba hamwe n'ibikoko. Niwe yatanguje ikigega World Wildlife Fund cahavuye gihinduka World Wide Fund, gifasha mu gukingira ibidukikije. ''Nibaza ko twebwe abantu niba dufise ububasha bwo kwica no gukiza, dutegerezwa kubukoresha tubanje kwibaza ico dukora. Kuki twohonya ikintu bidakenewe?''. Mu kiganiro yagiranye na BBC, yavuze ati: "Nibaza ko biteye igomwe kubona abantu, kuri iyi si, tuba mu buzima butandukanye kandi budasa, mugabo hakaba ugufashanya". "Nibwira kandi ko, twebwe abantu, nimba dufise ingabirano zo kuvyara, tugashobora gukiza canke kwica - kubaho canke guhona-, tubwirizwa kubigendera dukoresheje amabanga y'ubuntu twahezagijwe. Kubera iki twokwica kandi tutabwirizwa kwigenza uko?" Abagendera imico n'imigenzo y'abongereza ba kera ntibashimye ingene yashigikiye ko inyoni z'inkware ziraswa. "Iyo uzi ko hari inkino zifasha abantu kuramba, dufate nk'uguhiga, ntaho bitandukaniye n'abarima, bakorora. Ni nka kurya twamura ingemwe ku biterwa. Ntituba turiko turabihonya". Imvugakuri Umuganwa Philip yarashimiwe cane ku ngendo n'ibikorwa vyiwe vyo gukingira amashamba mw'isi, hamwe n'ibikorwa vyiwe vyo kurwanya ukuroba kurenze urugero, mu mabahari. Umuganwa Philip yaranzwe no gushigikira iterambere ry'amahinguriro. Yaratemberera cane inganda zitandukanye. Ni uko yiswe umuvunyi w'amahinguriro, ubu tuzi nk'ikigo kidaharanira inyungu zitandukanye, gifasha mu migambi canke ibikorwa vy'ubushakashatsi vy'abakozi, mu Bwongereza -"Work Foundation"-. Mu 1961, yabwiye umurwi w'abarongoye amahinguriro ati: "Bagenzi, harageze ko duhagarika guta umwanya. Twerekane ivyo dushoboye". Iyi ngendo yo kutarya umunwa, yatumye bamwe bamufata nk'umuntu atubaha abandi, ivyanamuteye ingorane, rimwe na rimwe. Hari abamufashe nk'umuntu w'akagaye, cane cane ibihe yaba ari mu ngendo mu mahanga. Mu gihugu c'Ubushinwa, niho yavugiye ijambo rimwe mu yatazokwibagirwa. Hari mu mwaka w'1986, igihe yari mu rugendo, yaherekeje Umwamikazi. We yavuze ko yakoresheje imvugo ngereranyo, afatiye ku maso mato mato y'ubwoko bw'abanye Asia, cane cane Abashinwa. Naho bagerageje gusukamwo mabisi, imvugo yiwe yarababaje abantu mu Bushinwa. Mu mwaka wa 2002, ari mu rundi rugendo mu gihugu ca Australiya, yabajije umwe mu bagwizatunga w'umusangwabutaka  ati "Muracabandanya guterana amacumu"? Naho abatari bake, mu mice itandukanye bamunebagura, hari abandi ahubwo bamubona nk'umunyakuri, yanse guhindura ico ari ngo afate ingeso n'imvugo vy'abakinyi ba politike. Nkako, hari abasigura ko ivyo bita "amakosa" ata kabi karimwo, uretse inyifato yiwe yo gushaka kugabanya imitwaro y'abantu, mu kubatwenza. Mu buzima bwiwe, umuganwa Philip  yamanye urukundo rw'inkino. Yarakina inkino zo kugendesha ubwato buto buto, agakina inkino za cricket na polo. Yari umuhinga mugutwara imodoka zikwegwa n'indogobwe. Ndetse yaranarongoye, imyaka myinshi, ihuriro mpuzamakungu ry'amashirahamwe y'abakina inkino zikoreshwamwo indogobwe. Ukutumvikana n'umuhungu wiwe mukuru, kwagiye kwigaragaza kuva aho umumenyeshamakuru Jonathan Dimbleby ashiriye ahabona inyandiko ku vyaranze ubuzima bw'umuganwa Charles. Umuganwa Philip , ari na Duc wa  Edinburgh, vyavugwa ko yoba yagize uruhara mu bukwe  bw'umuhungu wiwe mukuru Charles , mu kwubakana na  Lady Diana Spencer. Urengeye uko abamunebagura bavuga, umuganwa Philip  yarazwi nk'umuntu yahagaritswe umutima n'ibiringo bigoye abana biwe baciyemwo, mu ngo zabo. Yarashize imbere y'ibindi vyose ugutahura izo ngorane, kumbure afatiye ku vyamushikiye n'ivyo yibuka bigoye, mu muryango w'i bwami. Umuganwa Philip yaratewe agahinda n'ingene abana biwe batatu bose ivy'ingo  vyabananiye, kuva ku muganwakazi Anne  gushika ku baganwa Andrew na Charles. Ico atigeze akora, ni ukuvuga ibijanye n'ubuzima bwiwe bwite. Mu 1994, yabwiye ikinyamakuru ko atariko yarezwe, kandi ko atibona agiye guhindura imibereho yiwe. No mu gihe yariko arasaza, imibereho yiwe ntiyahindutse. Yabandanije agendera amakungu. Yaba agiye mu bikorwa vyiwe bijanye no gushigikira ikigega mpuzamakungu co gukingira ibinyabuzima, canke aherekeje umwamikazi mu ngendo zijanye n'imirimo yiwe. Mu 1994, yaragize urugendo rurerure, aca no mu bibanza vyeranda, aranashika n'ahari imva y'umuvyeyi yamwibarutse. Mama wiwe yari yaripfuje guhambwa I Yerusalemu, nk'uko vyagenze. Uwundi munsi wari uhambaye mu buzima bwiwe, ni igihe amakungu yibuka itsindwa ry'Ubuyapani mu ntambara  ya kabiri y'isi yose -"VJ Day"-. Uyo mwaka wa 1945, umuganwa Philip  yakorera igisirikare co mu mazi. Yari no mu bwato bw'Ubwongereza, bumwe mu bwatera kandi bwari hafi ya Tokyo, umurwa mukuru w'igihugu c'Ubuyapani. Mu kwibuka uwo munsi, ibirori biba uko umwaka utashe. Mu 1995, yari akwije imyaka 50 y'amavuka. Yifadikanije n'abandi bakukuruke mu gisirikare bagiye kurwanira mu bihugu vya Asia  y'ubuseruko. Umwamikazi yarateye iteka ivyo birori vyabereye mu kibanza cagutse gikunze gukoraniramwo abantu, kiri hafi y'ikirimba - Buckingham Palace-. Imvugo ihumuriza Umuganwa Philip yararemesheje, aranakeza abari baragizwe imbohe. Abenshi muri bo barahahamuwe n'ivyo baciyemwo, ndetse hari n'abatashoboye guharira Abayapani babagize imbohe. . Ubukari bw'amajambo yiwe bwagiye buragabanuka mu myaka yakurikiye, bitumwe n'uko igihugu kitakiriye neza iyo nyifato yo ku kirimba, na cane cane inyuma y'isanganya ryahitanye umuganwakazi Diana. Mu mwaka w'i 2007, hari amakete umuganwa Philip  yandikiraniye n'umuganwakazi Diana yashizwe ahabona. Intumbero ikaba yari ukubeshuza amakuru yavugwa ko umuganwa Philip  atumvikana n'uwo mukazana wiwe. Amajambo Diana yakoresha mukwandikira sebukwe, umuganwa Philip, yemeje ko yamubereye nk'umuvyeyi mu kumushigikira mu bihe bitandukanye. Mu matohoza ku rupfu rw'umuganwakazi Diana, Mohamed Al Fayed, se wa Dodi, umugabo yagendanye n'umuganwakazi Diana mu minsi ya nyuma, wewe yari yavuze ko umuganwa Philip ariwe ari inyuma y'urwo rupfu, ivyemezo vyatewe ivyatsi n'uwari ajejwe kwemeza ko Diana yacikanye. Umuganwa Philip  akaba na Duc wa Edinburgh, yari umuntu w'ishaka. Kandi mu nyifato y'ubwigenge bwiwe, vyamugize umuntu w'icubahiro gikomeye mu Bongereza. Inyifato ifise ifatiro n'ihangiro Umuganwa Philip yari umuyobozi kamere, kandi ibikorwa vyiwe vyamuhaye ikibanza ca kabiri mu buyobozi bw'Ubwongereza. Yari umurwanashaka atarazi kuruhuka, kandi atitaho cane ivy'ikibanza ciwe. Umunsi umwe yabwiye BBC ati: "Narakoze ivyo numva nabwirizwa gukora kandi uko nashoboye". Yongeye ati:  "Sinshobora guhindura rimwe na rimwe uko mbona canke nkora ibintu, canke ngo mpindure uko ndemye, canke ibindaje ishinga". Ibi yavuze vyanemejwe n'umushikiranganji wa mbere David Cameron mu mwaka wa 2011, mu birori vyo gukeza umuganwa Philip , aho yahimbaza imyaka 90 y'amavuka. Yavuze ati: "Yamye arangura imigambi n'ivyiyumviro vyiwe mu buryo yisangije kandi busanzwe, nk'umuntu wo kuri iyi si. Ndemera ko ari kimwe muvyo abongereza bamukundira". Akaruhuko ko mu za bukuru Mu bikorwa vy'igihugu, umuganwa Philip yagiye mu karuhuko k'izabukuru mu kwezi kw'umunani mu  2017. Yari amaze imyaka ashigikira umwamikazi, yongera akorera canke aserukira amashirahamwe atandukanye yari arongoye, canke yashinze. Ikirimba ca  Buckingham giharura ko umuganwa Philip yaranguye, canke yaterereye mu migambi 22.219  ku gatwe kiwe, kuva mu mwaka wa 1952. Umushikiranganji  wa mbere Theresa May yaramushimiye cane, ati: "Ni ibikorwa biboneka mu buzima bw'igihugu". Philip  yarashoboye gukoresha ububasha n'ikibanza igihugu kimuha, mu guterera agacumu k'ubumwe mw'iterambere ry'Ubwongereza. Yaranafasha uburongozi bwo ku kirimba guhindura ibitari bike mu mibereho yari imaze imyaka. Ariko igikorwa nyamukuru kwabaye ugukoresha inguvu ziwe mu gushigikira Umwamikazi mu kiringo ciwe kirekire, yari amaze arongoye ubwami bw'Ubwongereza. Nk'uko yabiganiriye umwanditsi w'ivyaranze ubuzima bwiwe, Umuganwa Philip yaremeza ko umurimo wiwe mukuru kwari "Ugufasha Umwamikazi kurongora ubwami". Mu birori vyo guhimbaza imyaka 50 bamaze bubakanye, Umwamikazi yarashimye , anakeza umuganwa Philip, nk'uwabaye uwa mbere yamaze imyaka myinshi ari umufasha w'Umwamikazi, muri kahise k'ubwami bw'Ubwongereza. Umwamikazi yavuze ijambo ryabaye rurangiranwa ati, "N'umuntu adakunda cane gushimirwa no gukezwa, ariko yarambereye inguvu, ambera intahemuka iyi myaka yose. Kandi ahanje, umuryango wiwe wose, Ubwongereza hamwe n'ibindi bihugu vyinshi, tumufitiye ideni rinini, rikomeye ku buryo adashobora kuryishuza canke ngo tunamenye n'ibirigize". Amafoto yose yatangiwe uburenganzira.