headline: Uyghurs: ONU ivuga ko Ubushiwa bushobora kuba bwarakoze ivyaha vyo guhohotera ikiremwa muntu i Xinjiang
text: Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU riheruka kwagiriza Ubushinwa uguhonyanga agateka ka zina muntu gukomeye mu cegeranyo kirekire cari kirindiriwe igihe kinini kirimwo ibirego vy’ubugizi bwa nabi mu ntara ya Xinjiang. Ubushinwa bwihutiye gusaba ONU ko itosohora ico cegeranyo bwise ''ikinamico" ryateguwe n’ibihugu vya Bulaya bikomeye. Ico cegeranyo cihweza ivyagiriji vy'ihohotera rikorerwa abantu bo mu bwoko bw’aba Uyghur bo mw’idini rya Islamu n’abandi bantu bo mu bwoko bwa banyamuke ariko Ubushinwa burabihakana. Ariko abakoze amatohoza bavuga ko babonye "ivyemezo bidakekeranywa" vy'ikubagurwa bishobora gufatirwa ku rwego rw'ivyaha bihohotera ikiremwa muntu. Abaharanira agateka ka zina muntu bari bamaze imyaka baguma batabariza ku bibera mu ntara yo mu buraruko bushira uburengero, bavuga ko abantu barenga umuliyoni bo mu bwoko bw’aba Uyghur  bafunzwe ku nguvu mu rukurikirane rw’ico leta yise "ikambi irera igasubiza abantu mu ntumbero nziza’’. Mu makuru ya BBC ubwayo yo muri iyi myaka ya vuba, harabonetse impapuro - zirimwo n'iz'igipolisi zerekeye abo bapfunzwe - zisa n'izemanga ivyo bivugwa, hamwe n'ivyagiriji vyo gufata ku nguvu, kuboreza igufa hamwe no gucira umuntu imvyaro ku nguvu. Ariko icegerano ca ONU casanze "urugero rw'ifatwa ridakurikije amategeko hamwe no gupfunga hafatiwe ku bwoko abo mu moko y'aba Uyghur n'iyindi migwi igizwe ahanini n'aba-Islamu... rushobora gushirwa mu rwego rw'ivyaha mpuzamakungu, ku buryo bwihariye, ivyaha bihohotera ikiremwa muntu".  Babonye kandi ko: Ico cegeranyo gisaba Ubushinwa "gutanguza ubu bwa vuba intambwe zo gurekura abo bantu bafashwe bidakurikije amategeko bakakwa ukwishira ukizana kwabo". Beijing iza yamaze kwiyamiriza ibiri muri ico cegeranyo, umuvugizi w'ubushikiranganji bujejwe imigenderanire Wang Wenbin akaba yabwiye abamenyeshamakuru ko "ivyo vyitwa ko ari ivyashikirijwe ari irempenkanya rishingiye ku makuru atariyo ku mvo za politike". Inama mpuzamakungu y’aba-Uyghur yashimye ico cegeranyo yongera isaba ko amakungu yofata ingingo zihuta. "Naho leta y'Ubushinwa ihakana yivuye inyuma, ONU ubu yemeje icese y'uko ivyaha vy'agahomerabunwa biriko birakorwa", nk'uko vyavuzwe n'umuyobozi w'ikigo giharanira agateka k'aba-Uyghur (Uyghur Human Rights Project), Omer Kanat. Umunyamabanga w’ishirahamwe rijejwe agateka k’aba-Uyghur yavuze ko naho leta y’Ubushinwa yanka bikomeye kwemera ibiri mu cegeranyo, ONU yaremeje ku mugaragaro ko ivyaha bibabaje biriko biraba . Hariho abantu imiliyoni 12 bo mu bwoko bw’aba-Uygyur, bagizwe ahanini n’abari mw’idini rya Islamu baba muri Xinjang. ONU ivuga ko n’abatari mw’idini rya Islamu bashobora kuba barashikiwe n’ibibazo bivugwa muri ico cegeranyo. Amerika n’abashingamateka bo mu bihugu vyinshi bitandukanye baheruka kwiyamiriza ibikorwa vy’Ubushinwa bibera muri Xinjiang bavyita ihonyabwoko, ariko ONU ntiyashikanye aho. U﻿bushinwa - bwabonye iki cegeranyo kitarasohoka - buhakana ivyagiriji vyo guhohotera bukavuga ko ayo makambi ari uburyo bwo kurwanya iterabwoba. Ubushinwa bwamye buvuga ko impirimbanyi z’aba-Uyhgur ziri mw'isekeza ry’ubugizi bwa nabi mu kurondera kuba igihugu cigenga, ariko bwagirizwa gukavya mu kuvuga amabi bakora kugira bubone akaryo ko kubakandamiza. Abaserukiye Ubushinwa mu kanama kajewe agateka kazina muntu i Geneve ku musi wa kane barahakanye ibiri muri ico cegeranyo, bavuga ko kigayisha kikongera kigateza urubwa Ubushinwa, kikivanga no mu bikorwa vyo hagati mu gihugu.  The Xinjiang Police Files (Amadosiye y’igipolisi co muri Xinjiang) - izina ryahawe izo mpapuro n'ihwaniro ry’abanyamakuru mpuzamakungu barimwo n'aba BBC- nizo zashingiweko mu gukora igice kinini c'inkuru yakozwe na BBC ku ba Uyghur muri iyi myaka ya vuba. Aha, uwahoze ari umunyamakuru wa BBC mu Bushinwa John Sudworth aravuga bimwe mu vyo izi mpapuro zatumye bija ahabona. Ku ﻿rupapuro ruhambaye kurusha izindi muri izi zose, harimwo ko abapolisi bategetswe gukoresha ibirwanisho mu gihe hari uwutorotse. I﻿nkengeri igabisha iramutse ivuze, nk'uko izo mapuro zibivuga, amabarabara akikuje inkambi ategerezwa guca yugarwa, inyubako zose zikugarwa hanyuma abapolisi bafise ibirwanisho b'iyo nkambi "b'umugwi utera" bakarungikwa. I﻿sasu rigabisha rimaze kuraswa, hanyuma "umunyeshure" akabandanya agerageza gutoroka, itegeko riratomoye: rasira kwica. U﻿bushinwa burashimangira yuko buha aba-Uyghur babishaka kandi babishima hamwe n'izindi nkehwa z'aba-Turkic, inyigisho zibakura mu nzira y'iterabwoba hamwe n'ubutagondwa. U﻿biravye, ibi barimwo bihabwa isura y'ishure, aho usanga bafata ku mutwe inyigisho z'igishinwa hamwe no gusubiramwo amajambo ya propaganda (yerekana isura nziza y'igihugu). A﻿riko izi mpapuro zishitsa kure mu kwerekana ububi n'agahato bikoreshwa muri izi nkambi, bigamije gufata ico ari co cose cerekeye umuco w'aba-Uyghur, bakagisubiriza mu buryo bw'inguvu, no kwitangira umugambwe w'aba-Communistes. Ico cegeranyo camaze igihe kire kire gihanzwe amaso n'amakungu, ku buryo umukuru w'urwego rujejwe agateka ka zina muntu muri ONU, Michelle Bachelet, mu ndwi iheze yemeye ko "ingingo yo kugisora canke kutagisohora wari umutwaro uremereye cane". I﻿migwi imwe y'i Buraya na Amerika iharanira agate ka zina muntu yaravuze yuko Beijing yamuhimirije gukura muri ico cegeranya ibigaragara nabi, cane cane nyuma yaho gisibijwe gusohoka inshuro nyinshi. Bachelet yarashigikiye ukwo kugitevya avuga ko kurondera kuganira n'Ubushinwa ku bijanye n’ico cegeranyo bidasigura ko yari yirengagije ibiri muri co. Ariko Amnestie Internationale yavyise ikitababarirwa. Impera n'imperuka, ico cegeranyo carasohowe hasigaye iminota 13 ngo hahere ikiringo c'iwe c'imyaka ine mu mabanga. Kandi mugihe cakiriwe neza na benshi, hari abandi caciye intege - barimwo ikoraniro mpuzamakungu ry’aba-Uyghur. Zumretay Arkin umuvugizi waryo yavuze ko bari biteze ko Michelle ahagarara rugabo imbere y’Ubushinwa muri rusange. Olaf Wientzek, umuyobozi w’ishami ry'i Geneve ry'ikigo German Konrad Adenauer Foundation yagirije Bachelet ko "yirinze ingaruka" z’ishirwa ku mugaragaro ry’ico cegeranyo. Bachelet, hagati aho, yaragirije ibihugu bimwe kuba vyarahinduye iki kibazo kikaba politike, akavuga ko vyatumye "gukorana kugorana cane kandi... kuzana ukwizerana hamwe no kugira icoshikwako ku rubuga bigorana gusumba". U﻿bu amaso  ahanzwe ku bizokurikira mu nyuma. Impirimbanyi z’aba-Uyghur zasavye ko hajaho comisiyo itohoza, basaba kandi abakora urudandaza bose kw'isi guhagarika imigenderanire n'uwo wese afasha leta y'Ubushinwa mu bikorwa ikorera ba Uyghur. Tom Tugendhat, umushingamateka akaba n’umukuru w’umugwi w’inama nshingamatela y’Ubwongereza ujejwe ivy’imigenderanire n’amakungu, yavuze yuko ivyo iki cegeranyo cabonye birimwo "ibirego bikomeye cane" aniyamiriza ibivugwa na Beijing vy’uko ivyo vyagiriji birondera urwanko ku Bushinwa. Ubudage bwasavye irekurwa ry’aba-Uyghur bapfunzwe ata caha bagirijwe. Ariko, nta cizere c’uko hashobora kuba igitsure giturutse hagati mu Bushinwa: ikibazo c’ihonyangwa ry’uburenganiza bw’aba-Uyghur camye ari ikintu kitavugirwa ahabona kandi kigakumirwa cane mw’itangazamakuru – gushika ku wa kane w’indwi iheze, icegeranyo ca ONU nticari bwavugwe mu bitangazamakuru bikomeye mu Bushinwa canke ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.