headline: CAN 1996: Intsinzi ya South Afrika n'uruhara yagize mu mpinduka z'inyuma ya apartheid
text: Ihiganwa ry'igikombe ca Afrika ryo mu 1996 ntiryari ryitezwe kubera muri Afrika y'Epfo. Kenya nico gihugu cari catowe ko cari kuritegura, ariko hasigaye amezi 14 yarakuyemwo akarenge, ivuga ko vyari kuyisaba uburyo busumba incuro zitandatu ubwari bwitezwe. Niho mu kwa cumi na rimwe 1994, ishirahamwe rya Afrika rijejwe umupira w'amaguru (CAF) ryaca rirondera ahandi iri higanwa ryari kubera. Mu ntango z'uwo mwaka, mu kwa kane, Nelson Mandela yari yatowe nk'umukuru w'igihugu mu matora ya mbere ya demokarasi muri kahise ka Afrika y'Epfo. Niho umurwi nserukiragihugu wari ucemererwa kwinjira mu mahiganwa mpuzamakungu, usubijwe mu rwego mpuzamashirahamwe y'umupira w'amaguru kw'isi, FIFA, inyuma y'aho hashingiwe ishirahamwe rishasha ry'umupira w'amaguru (FA) ry'ico gihugu rihurikiyemwo amoko atandukanye mu 1991, igihe bwa butegetsi mvanguramoko bwa apartheid bwari butanguye gusenyuka. Afrika y'Epfo niyo yatowe ngo itunganye iri higanwa. Ariko nta muntu yari yiteze ko bari kubishobora. Mu vy'ukuri, ibintu ntivyagenze neza mu ntango inyuma y'aho basubirijwe mu mahiganwa mpuzamakungu mu 1991 gushika n'aho umunyamabanga mukuru wa FA Solomon Morewa yihaye iryosozi. Iri higanwa ry'igikombe ca Afrika (CAN/AFCON) ryagiye kuba ikindi kintu. Ivyabaye mu myaka ya 1990 bigahindura ibintu, maze bigasambura ubutegetsi bw'abazungu muri Afrika y'Epfo bwari bumaze ibinjana birenga bitatu, navyo vyarahinduye urwego rw'umupira w'amaguru wariko urakomera mu buryo budasubira inyuma. Hari ikintu kidasanzwe cari giherutse kuba muri ico gihugu, iki naco ni ugutsindira igikombe c'isi yose mu rukino rwa Rugby (Rugby World Cup) mu buryo butangaje mu 1995. Ariko, nk'uko bivugwa n'abaserukiye iki gihugu cari kivutse bushasha mu kwinjira mu ntwaro rusangi mu nkino za CAN 1996 catsindiye, iyi ntsinzi yagize ingaruka zikomeye gusumba. Cameroun niyo yahuye ubwa mbere na Afrika y'Epfo. Ku wa 13 Nzero/Mutarama, imirwi nserukirabihugu yavyo yaratanye mu mitwe ku kibuga Soccer City, hanze gato y'igisagara ca Soweto, hamwe habera ya myiyerekano y'ibihumbi n'ibihumbi vy'abanyeshure biyamiriza intwaro y'inkehwa z'abazungu, aho abaharurwa mu majana bagandaguwe n'igipolisi cariko kirwanya iyi myiyerekano, imyaka 20 yari iheze. Neil Tovey yari afise imyaka 33.  Uyu mukinyi w'inyuma yakinira umurwi wo muri ico gihugu Kaizer Chiefs, yatanguye gukina ku rwego mpuzamakungu mu kw'indwi 1992, inyuma y'isabukuru yiwe y'imyaka 30 y'amavuka. Uru ni rwo rwabaye urukino rwiwe rwa mbere mu murwi nserukiragihugu uhuriyemwo koko amoko menshi - rwawuhuje kandi na Cameroun ruza kurangira bayitsinze 1-0. Tovey yabwiye BBC ati: "Imbere y'iri higanwa, iyo ubaza abagize umurwi mbere na jewe nimba twari gushobora kuritsindira, sinzi nimba twari kwishura ko twari kubishobora". "Baba abafana, baba twebwe abakinyi, nta na bamwe bari bamenyereye amahiganwa mpuzamakungu y'umupira w'amaguru. Ariko uko ihiganwa ryagiye ritera imbere, niko igihugu cagiye gikomera". Umusi umwe imbere y'uko urukino rwa mbere rutangura, Perezida Mandela, kw'izina kama ryiwe nka Madiba, yaragendeye ubwa mbere uyu murwi mu ngendo zitari nke yagize muri uyu murwi. Lucas Radebe, ico gihe yakinira Leeds United, ni uwundi mukinyi yari mu murwi nserukiragihugu wa Afrika y'Epfo. Ku bwiwe, kubonana na Mandela casa n'uko coba ari igikorwa c'Imana. Ati: "Igihe twari tugikura, ntitwigeze tumenya ngo yasa gute". "Twari dufise isanamu yiwe ya kera yamwerekana akiri muto, ariko igihe aza kuturaba aho twari turi mw'ikambi, aha niho twabonye  "Madiba Magic". Yari afise igihagararo kidasanzwe. Twarabuze ico tuvuga". "Uwo musi, n'iyo tugahura na Brésil twari kuyikubita. Uko rero niko twatewe intege. Umuzo wiwe wadushikanye ku rugero rwo hejuru cane, aho urukino rwose twakina, twabona ko turiko dukinira Madiba na Afrika y'Epfo". 'Madiba Magic' cari iciyumviro cari mu mitwe y'abantu ko Mandela yatera imigisha ku mirwi y'umupira w'amaguru. Ni iciyumviro cavutse ku wa 10 Rusama/Gicurasi 1994 - umusi Mandela yimikwa - ico gihe Afrika y'Epfo ikaba yatsinze Zambia ku ncuro ya mbere, umukuru w'igihugu mushasha ari ho ari. Vyasa n'uko iki ciyumviro cariko kirakora kandi. Cameroun yatsinzwe 3-0, iki kikaba cabaye ikimenyetso c'ivyari bigiye gukurikira. Umukinyi Phil Masinga wa Leeds niwe yateye ica mbere amaze amasaha 24 gusa avuye mu Bwongereza. Nk'uko bivugwa na Shaun Bartlett yahoze ari umusatirizi wa Charlton, igihe Afrika y'Epfo ifata ikibanza ca mbere mu murwi yarimwo maze ikinjira mu gice ca kane gishira ica nyuma, umurwi waciye umenyekana kw'izina rya Madiba's Boys (Abahungu ba Madiba). Ati: "Gushika n'ubu, kuvuga gusa izina ry'igihangange Mandela nca numva merereje. Igihe cose twabonanye na we, agukoze mu miwe gusa, wamengo hari ikintu aguhaye. "Ikintu kibi conyene gusa ni uko wategerezwa kuvyuka isaha cumi n'igice mu gatondo, kubera ni vyo bihe yari akirimwo vyo kuva igihe yinjira ibohero. Yavyuka mu gaturuturu agatembera. Rero twategerezwa kuvyuka kugira tubonane na we isaha cumi n'imwe z'agatondo". Ariko Afrika ntiyatsindiye iri higanwa rya Afrika ku kigumbagumba gusa, canke kumbure kubera yari ifise izindi nguvu ikuye ku yindi si. Umupira bari bawuzi, kandi bari bafise umumenyereza mwiza Clive Barker. Tovey, umukinyi yinjirije igihugu ciwe ibitsindo vyinshi gusumba abandi mu nkino 29, avuga ati: "Yarabonye ubuhinga muri buri mukinyi wese aca arabukorerako mu kubagira abakinyi bakomeye abagira ico babaye". Imbere y'uko baja mw'ihiganwa, bari bamaze gukina inkino 13 badatsindwa, muri zo harimwo zibiri banganije n'Ubudagi hamwe na Argentina. Iciyongereye kuri izi nguvu, ni ubuhinga bw'abakinyi Radebe na Phil Masinga bakuye i Bulaya mu murwi wa Leeds, co kimwe n'umusatirizi wa Wolves, Mark Williams. Hariho kandi n'umukinyi w'inyuma Mark Fish yariko arakurikiranirwa hagufi na Manchester United, akaba muri uwo mwaka nyene yategerezwa kuja gukinira Lazio, imbere y'uko yijira muri Bolton mu 1997. Inyuma y'intsinzi idasanzwe y'umurwi wa rugby mu mwaka w'imbere y'aho, itsinzi y'umurwi wari ugizwe ahanini n'abazungu yashize hamwe igihugu, bari baronse ikindi bagenderako. Tovey ati: "Iyi yari imwe mu ntego twavuga". "Twari tuzi ko dufise kandi uruhara mu gusubiza hamwe igihugu, kandi Madiba yari azi ko mu gihe twari kuvyifatamwo neza vyari gutuma ubumwe butsimbatara mu gihugu. "Umunezero waranze intsinzi y'umurwi wa rugby wari 10% gusa w'uwari kubaho mu gihe twari kuramuka natwe dutahukanye intsinzi". Itsinzi itangaje yagize kuri Algeria mu kuyitsinda 2-1 mu gice ca kane gishira ica nyuma, ivuye ku gitsindo ca John 'Shoes' Moshoeu ku munota wa 86, yatumye yinjira mu gice ca kabiri gishira ica nyuma aho yahura na Ghana. Iki gihugu nico cahabwa amahirwe, nk'umurwi wa mbere wa Afrika, umurwi umwe rudende utigeze utsindwa na rimwe muri iryo higanwa. Umurwi wa Ghana wari ukomeye cane kuko wari wishimiye umukinyi w'inyuma wa Bayern Munich Samuel Kuffour, umukinyi wo hagati wa Torino Abedi Pele - se wa Andre na Jordan Ayew - hamwe n'uwundi musatirizi wa Leeds yariko araduga cane Tony Yeboah. Ariko aba banya Ghana batashe zirayoye muri uru rukino bakubiswe 3-0. Tovey ati: "Urukino rwa Ghana ni rumwe mu nkino zacu zari zikomeye gushika ubwo". "Harabaye uguhangana bikomeye hagati ya Lucas na Yeboah. Hose mu kibuga, umupira wari rwacu". Amakuru y'intsinzi muri uru rukino yaravuzwe cane mu binymakauru bukeye. Ikinyamakuru Business Day canditse kiti: "Igihe Afrika y'Epfo ikubitiye Ghana, uturere twari twiganjemwo abazungu twaritabiriye umupira w'amaguru ku rugero rutari bwigere rubaho mu myaka 20 yose mu gihe c'amahiganwa yaba ay'igihugu canke aya Afrika". Buca haba urukino rwa nyuma, umutwe w'inkuru nyamukuru y'ikinyamakuru gikuru Beeld casohoka buri musi mu rurimi rw'iki afrikaans yari yanditswe mu kizulu ngo: 'Yebo Bafana Bafana!' (Yeah, The Boys! twogereranya mu kirundi tuti "Komera mwa bahungu mwe!") Bategerezwa guhura na Tunisia. Isinzi ry'abantu bangana na 80.000, harimwo Perezida Mandela, umwami w'abaZulu Goodwill Zwelithini hamwe n'uwahoze ari umukinyi rurangiranwa wa Brésil Pele, bari bakubise harazima mu kibuga ca Soccer City, amasaha atatu imbere y'uko urukino rutangura. Mandela yari yambaye agapira kanditseko inomero 9 yambarwa na Neil Tovey, mu gihe abafana benshi bari biyanditse ku bikiriza vyabo mu marangi atandukanye ubutumwa bwavuga ngo 'Make Madiba Magic'. Mu gice ca mbere c'urukino, uretse umupira watewe mw'igori na Bartlett ariko umunyegori wa Tunisia akawukurayo, umupira ntiwigeze urenga hagati mu kibuga. Ariko, mu vyaboneka ko bananiranywe, hagati mu gice ca kabiri, Williams yari yasubiriye Masinga yerekanye ubudasa. Uyu musatirizi yinjie ibitsindo bibiri mu minota ibiri nyene - ica mbere cari ic'umutwe, ica kabiri kiva mu mupira ukomeye yateresheje ibamfu - maze aha Afrika y'Epfo intsinzi idasanzwe. Ivyakurikiye wabaye umunezero utagira urugero. Radebe ati: "Ndacavyibuka neza nk'uko umengo ni ivyabaye nijoro. Mu gihugu cose nta muntu yakoza ukuguru hasi. "Ico wumva yari Soweto. Nta bantu wumva biruka, kiretse abafana hanze y'ikibuga barira, baboroga. "Igihe twariko tuva mu kibuga, twabona abantu bikubita hasi. Bamwe bari bafise ikirato, abandi nabo bafise ifi ikanura (mu kwigina 'Shoes' Moshoeu na Mark Fish). "Vyari ibintu koko bigoye kwumva. Nibaza ko ryabaye iteka ku gihugu cose". Mw'ijambo yavuze imbere y'uko apfa mu 2015 ku myaka 49 ihitanywe na kanseri yo mu mushishito, Moshoeu yibutse ingene yaturitse akarira igihe umufana w'umuzungu amusavye ko yomuterera igikumu (autograph). Afrika y'Epfo yari ikiri mu bibazo bikomeye cane, inkino zonyene ntizishobora gutorera umuti ibibazo vyose. Ariko Mandela yarizeye ubushobozi bwazo. Ati: "Inkino zirafise ubushobozi bwo guhindura isi. Zifise inguvu zo kwigisha. Zifise ubushobozi bwo gushira hamwe abantu gusumba uko ibindi vyose vyobikora. "Inkino zirafise ubushobozi bwo kuzana icizere ahahoze harangwa umwiheburo. Zisumvya inguvu reta mu gusambura imitego ishingiye ku moko". Radebe yabonye impinduka mu kanya isase. Ati: "Kwumva abazungu bavuga ngo 'uri incungu yanje, ni wewe gusa nibonamwo' vyantumye nkorora amosozi kuko nibuka ivyo twari duhitiyemwo muri iyo myaka yose. Iyi yari yo Afrika y'Epfo nshasha". "Ubwenge bwacu bwarugurutse. Amaso yacu yariko abona ibintu birengeye ivyo twari tumaze imyaka n'imyaka tubona. Vyari koko ibintu biteye igomwe. Kubera gusa umupira w'amaguru". Tovey avuga ko uwu munezero wabandanije gushika ku rugero rurengeye iyi misi yakurikiye yo kwigina intsinzi. "Kuva ubwo abazungu benshi baciye batangura kuja barinjira mu bibuga kurorera inkino z'imirwi ikomakomeye na mpuzamakungu. Abantu b'ingeri zose babandanije badufata mu mugongo uko bukeye uko bwije. "Ivyo twakoreye igihugu vyabaye ibintu bidasanzwe. Abanyagihugu 10% canke 12% bakunda rugby, ariko umupira w'amaguru wakundwa ku rugero rwa 95%. Eka n'abazungu kuva ico gihe baciye bamenya Bafana Bafana. "Ariko uku si ugukengera ivyo abakinyi ba rugby bakoreye igihugu. Ni bo babaye aba mbere kubikora mu 1995, kandi bakoze ibikorwa vyinsha cane bidasanzwe". Iragi umupira w'amaguru wasize ni ingene Afrika y'Epfo yashoboye kuronka itike yo kuja mw'ihiganwa ry'igikombe c'umupira w'amaguru c'isi incuro zibiri yikurikiranya. Mu mahiganwa abiri yakurikiye y'igikombe ca Afrika, Afrika y'Epfo yatahukanye ikibanza ca kabiri n'ica gatatu. Mu bajejwe gufata ingingo, uwari arongoye FIFA ico gihe Joao Havelange yari yemereye Afrika ko ari yo yari gutegura ihiganwa ry'igikombe c'isi mu 2006. Impera n'imperuka vyahavuye biba mu 2010 muri Afrika y'Epfo. Nayo ku vyerekeye Tovey, Radebe na Bartlett - bazokwama baboneka  nk'intwari ku banyagihugu b'igihugu cabo. Tovey yarahawe agashimwe na Mandela. Avuga ati: "Nk'umukinyi, ukora ivyo utegerezwa gukora. Ariko inyuma y'imyaka 26 ngeze kuri iyi ntambwe, uwu mwanya namaranye nawe wari udasanzwe, udasanzwe na gato". "Amasanamu yiwe mu kabare kanje. Ni ikintu kidashobora kwibagirwa muri kahise k'igihugu. "Ntitwari gupfa dushitse aho twashitse iyo atava mw'ibohero ngo adusubize ku rubuga mpuzamakungu rw'umupira". Kubwa Radebe, iragi riza mu mutwe ningoga ni ihadabu yatangishijwe na muri Leeds. Ati:  "Inyuma ya finale, umumenyereza wa Leeds Howard (Wilkinson) yarampamagaye ambwira ati 'nkeneye kukubona muri irya ndege'. Nshitse i Yorkshire, mu mbeho izura inzara yo mu gihe kibi c'ubukonje. Oh, Mana yanje". "Twategerezwa kuva twashitse bukeye. Naciwe ihadabu y'umushahara w'indwi yose kubera nashitse harenzeko umusi umwe. Maze gushika muri Leeds nkabona ku mboneshakure imodoka itugaye iriko irazunguruka n'igikombe, mvugishije ukuri narababaye cane". "Abakinyi bagiye ku kibuga ca Sun City bari kumwe n'abagore babo hamwe n'abakunzi babo, nanje ndiko ndakina muri Leeds mu mbeho y'ubugesera yo mu kwa kabiri izura inzara, ntivyanyoroheye. "Nari ndindiriye ko ici rishika kugira ngo ihiganwa riheze nanje nshobore kuja muhira nkigina intsinzi". Hagati aho, intsinzi yaronse mw'ihiganwa ry'igikombe ca Afrika si yo yabaye iya nyuma yamushize hamwe na Mandela. 'Madiba' yari mu batumire ku bugeni bwiwe. Ati: "Nta muntu n'umwe twigeze tubwira ko yari kuza. Jewe gusa n'umugore wanje ni twe twari tubizi. Nibaza ko nari mfise umunezero gusumba uwo nagize igihe mbwira umugore wanje ko twokwubaka". "Umugore yashitse isaha icenda, ariko Mandela we yari yashitse isaha umunani n'iminota 45 kuko atashaka ko abashitsi bitaho we aho kwitaho umugore wanje. Uyo ni we mugabo, umugabo yama akora ibintu vyose mu bushingatahe, ibi ni vyo bintu bikeya nshobora kugumana mu buzima bwanje. "Aha nta nkeka ko ndamufise mu mafoto. Ntushobora kubwira abantu ngo yaraje ku bugeni bwawe hanyuma ngo ubure ivyemezo".