[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 120 (Wednesday, June 22, 2011)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 36414-36438]
[FR Doc No: 2011-15277]

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DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

29 CFR Part 1904

[Docket No. OSHA-2010-0019]
RIN 1218-AC50

Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting
Requirements--NAICS Update and Reporting Revisions

AGENCY: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Labor.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: OSHA is proposing to update Appendix A to Subpart B of its
Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting regulation. Appendix A
contains a list of industries that are partially exempt from
maintaining records of occupational injuries and illnesses, generally
due to their relatively low rates of occupational injury and illness.
The current list of industries is based on the Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system. In 1997, the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) was introduced to classify establishments
by industry. The proposed rule would update Appendix A by replacing it
with a list of industries based on NAICS and more recent injury and
illness data.
    The proposed rule would also require employers to report to OSHA,
within eight hours, all work-related fatalities and all work-related
in-patient hospitalizations; and within 24 hours, all work-related
amputations. The current regulation requires an employer to report to
OSHA, within eight hours, all work-related fatalities and in-patient
hospitalizations of three or more employees.

DATES: Written comments: Comments must be submitted by September 20,
2011.

ADDRESSES: Written comments: You may submit comments, identified by
docket number OSHA-2010-0019, or regulatory information number (RIN)
1218-AC50, by any of the following methods:
    Electronically: You may submit comments electronically at http://www.regulations.gov, which is the Federal e-rulemaking portal. Follow
the

instructions on the Web site for making electronic submissions;
    Fax: If your submission, including attachments, does not exceed 10
pages, you may fax it to the OSHA docket office at<PHONE_NUMBER>; or
    Mail, hand delivery, express mail, messenger, or courier service:
You must submit three copies of your comments and attachments to the
OSHA Docket Office, Docket Number OSHA-2010-0019, U.S. Department of
Labor, Room N-2625, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20210;
telephone<PHONE_NUMBER> (OSHA's TTY number is<PHONE_NUMBER>).
Deliveries (hand, express mail, messenger, and courier service) are
accepted during the Department of Labor's and docket office's normal
business hours, 8:15 a.m.-4:45 p.m.
    Instructions for submitting comments: All submissions must include
the docket number (Docket No. OSHA-2010-0019) or the RIN (RIN 1218-
AC50) for this rulemaking. Because of security-related procedures,
submission by regular mail may result in significant delay. Please
contact the OSHA docket office for information about security
procedures for making submissions by hand delivery, express delivery,
and messenger or courier service.
    All comments, including any personal information you provide, are
placed in the public docket without change and may be made available
online at http://www.regulations.gov. Therefore, OSHA cautions you
about submitting personal information such as social security numbers
and birthdates.
    Docket: To read or download submissions in response to this Federal
Register notice, go to docket number OSHA-2010-0019, at http://regulations.gov. All submissions are listed in the http://regulations.gov index, however, some information (e.g., copyrighted
material) is not publicly available to read or download through that
Web site. All submissions, including copyrighted material, are
available for inspection and copying at the OSHA docket office.
    Electronic copies of this Federal Register document are available
at http://www.regulations.gov. This document, as well as news releases
and other relevant information, is available at OSHA's Web site at
http://www.osha.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For press inquiries: OSHA Office of
Communications, Room N-3647, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution
Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20210; telephone<PHONE_NUMBER>.
    For general and technical information on the proposed rule: OSHA
Office of Statistical Analysis, Room N-3641, U.S. Department of Labor,
200 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20210; telephone (202)
693-2400.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OSHA's current regulation at Section 1904.2
partially exempts certain lower-hazard industries classified in
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes 52 through 89 from
injury and illness recordkeeping requirements. Lower hazard industries
are those industries with an average Days Away, Restricted, or
Transferred (DART) rate at or below 75 percent of the national average
DART rate. The DART rate represents the total non-fatal injuries and
illnesses resulting in days away from work, restricted work activity,
and/or job transfer per 100 full-time employees for a given period of
time (usually 1 year). The current list of partially exempt industries,
which is included in Appendix A to Subpart B, is based on injury and
illness data compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) for 1997,
1998 and 1999.
    OSHA is proposing to revise the list of partially exempt industries
in Appendix A using the North American Industry Classification System
(NAICS). The revised list in proposed Appendix A is based on DART rates
compiled by BLS for 2007, 2008 and 2009. Industries listed in proposed
Appendix A would still be required to keep records if requested to do
so by BLS in connection with its Annual Survey (29 CFR 1904.42), or by
OSHA in connection with its Data Initiative (29 CFR 1904.41).
    OSHA is also proposing to revise Section 1904.39, which currently
requires an employer to report to OSHA, within eight hours, all work-
related fatalities and in-patient hospitalizations of three or more
employees. The proposed rule would require an employer to report to
OSHA, within eight hours, all work-related fatalities and all work-
related in-patient hospitalizations; and within 24 hours, all work-
related amputations.
    This regulation was developed in accordance with the principles of
Executive Order 12866 and Executive Order 13563. Executive Order 12866
requires that OSHA estimate the benefits, costs, and net benefits of
proposed regulations. The Agency estimates the regulation will cost
approximately $8.5 million, on an annualized basis. As discussed
elsewhere in this preamble, the Agency believes the annual benefits,
while unquantified, are significantly in excess of the annual costs.

I. Legal Authority

    OSHA is issuing this proposed revision of the Recordkeeping
regulation pursuant to authority expressly granted by sections 8 and 24
of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (the ``OSH Act'' or ``Act)
(29 U.S.C. 657, 673). Section 8(c)(1) requires each employer to ``make,
keep and preserve, and make available to the Secretary [of Labor] or
the Secretary of Health and Human Services, such records regarding his
activities relating to this Act as the Secretary, in cooperation with
the Secretary of Health and Human Services, may prescribe by regulation
as necessary or appropriate for the enforcement of this Act or for
developing information regarding the causes and prevention of
occupational accidents and illnesses.'' Section 8(c)(2) directs the
Secretary to prescribe regulations ``requiring employers to maintain
accurate records of, and to make periodic reports on, work-related
deaths, injuries and illnesses other than minor injuries requiring only
first aid treatment and which do not involve medical treatment, loss of
consciousness, restriction of work or motion, or transfer to another
job'' (29 U.S.C. 657(c)(2). Section 8(g)(2) of the OSH Act broadly
empowers the Secretary to ``prescribe such rules and regulations as
[s]he may deem necessary to carry out [her] responsibilities under the
Act'' (29 U.S.C. 657(g)(2)).
    Section 24 of the OSH Act contains a similar grant of authority. It
requires the Secretary to ``develop and maintain an effective program
of collection, compilation, and analysis of occupational safety and
health statistics '' and ``compile accurate statistics on work injuries
and illnesses which shall include all disabling, serious, or
significant injuries and illnesses, whether or not involving loss of
time from work, other than minor injuries requiring only first aid
treatment and which do not involve medical treatment, loss of
consciousness, restriction of work or motion, or transfer to another
job'' (29 U.S.C. 673(a)). Section 24 also requires employers to ``file
such reports [of work injuries and illnesses] with the Secretary'' as
she may prescribe by regulation (29 U.S.C. 673(e)).
    In addition, the Secretary's responsibilities under the OSH Act are
defined largely by its enumerated purposes, which include ``[p]roviding
appropriate reporting procedures that will help achieve the objectives
of this Act and accurately describe the nature of the occupational
safety and health problem'' (29 U.S.C. 651(b)(12)).

    The OSH Act authorizes the Secretary to issue two types of
occupational safety and health rules; standards and regulations.
Standards, which are authorized by section 6 of the OSH Act, specify
remedial measures to be taken to prevent and control employee exposure
to identified occupational hazards; while regulations are the means to
effectuate other statutory purposes, including the collection and
discrimination of records of occupational injuries and illnesses.
Courts of appeal have held that OSHA recordkeeping rules are
regulations and not standards (Louisiana Chemical Ass'n v. Bingham, 657
F.2d 777, 782-785 (5th Cir. 1981); Workplace Health & Safety Council v.
Reich, 56 F.3d 1465, 1467-1469 (DC Cir. 1995).

II. Summary and Explanation of the Proposed Rule

A. Section 1904.2--Partial Exemption for Establishments in Certain
Industries

Background
    Although the OSH Act gives OSHA the authority to require all
employers covered by the Act to keep records of employee injuries and
illnesses, major classes of employers are partially exempted from Part
1904. First, as provided in Section 1904.1, employers with 10 or fewer
employees are partially exempt from keeping OSHA injury and illness
records. Second, as provided in section 1904.2, establishments in
certain lower-hazard industry classifications are also partially
exempt.
    The partial exemption based on lower-hazard industry classification
has been part of the OSHA recordkeeping regulations since 1982. OSHA
exempted establishments in a number of service, finance, and retail
industries from the duty to regularly maintain the OSHA Log and
Incident Report (47 FR 57699). This industry exemption to recordkeeping
requirements was intended to ``reduce paperwork burden on employers
without compromising worker safety and health.'' See, 47 FR 57700.
    The 1982 list of partially exempt industries was established by
identifying major industry groups with relatively low rates of
occupational injuries and illnesses in the SIC codes encompassing
retail trade, finance, insurance and real estate, and the service
industries (SICs 52-89). Major industry groups were defined at the 2-
digit classification level from the SIC manual published by the U.S.
Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Industries in these major
industry groups were partially exempted from coverage by Part 1904 if
their average lost workday injury (LWDI) rate for 1978-80 was at or
below 75 percent of the overall private sector annual LWDI rate.
Industries that involved more serious occupational hazards, comprising
the industry divisions of agriculture, construction, manufacturing,
utilities, mining, and wholesale trade, remained subject to the full
recordkeeping requirements. Although the 1982 Federal Register notice
discussed the possibility of revising the exempt industry list on a
routine basis, the list remained unchanged until 2001.
    On January 19, 2001, OSHA published a final rule (66 FR 5916) which
comprehensively revised the Part 1904 recordkeeping regulations. As
part of this revision, OSHA updated the list of lower-hazard industries
that are partially exempted from the recordkeeping requirements. The
list of lower-hazard industries established in the 2001 final rule is
the current list set forth in Appendix A to Subpart B.
    The 2001 final rule updated the 1982 list of industries by applying
the same approach for identifying affected industries. Industries were
selected for the list based on two criteria. First, only industries
classified in SIC codes 52 through 89 were considered eligible for
inclusion on the list. Second, industries were included if they had an
average DART rate, based on the most recent three years of available
data, at or below 75 percent of the most recent national rate. The 2001
list differed from the 1982 list in two respects: (1) The injury/
illness rate data supporting the final rule's industry exemption were
based on BLS statistics for 1996, 1997, and 1998, and (2) the
industries were defined at the 3-digit rather than 2-digit SIC code
level.
    The issue of converting from SIC to NAICS codes was addressed in
the 2001 rulemaking (66 FR 5916). Although the NAICS had been formally
adopted by 2001, several statistical agencies had not converted their
systems to the new codes. In fact, BLS did not publish its first
occupational injury and illness rates using the NAICS codes until 2004,
when it published the rates for calendar year 2003. As a result, OSHA
stated in the preamble to the 2001 final rule that it used the SIC
system to determine the list of partially exempted industries. The
agency also stated its intention to conduct a future rulemaking to
update the list using NAICS codes. (66 FR 5944).
    Presently, NAICS is the standard system used by Federal statistical
agencies in classifying business establishments for the purpose of
collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the
U.S. economy. NAICS was developed under the auspices of OMB, and
adopted in 1997 to replace the SIC system. It was developed jointly by
the United States, Canada, and Mexico to allow for a high level of
compatibility in business statistics among the North American
countries.
    The official 2007 U.S. NAICS Manual includes definitions for each
industry, background information, tables showing changes between 2002
and 2007, and a comprehensive index. The official 2007 NAICS Manual is
available in print and CD Rom from the National Technical Information
Service (NTIS) at<PHONE_NUMBER>, or through the NTIS Web site at
http://www.ntis.gov.
Description of Proposed Revisions
    OSHA proposes to update Appendix A to Subpart B in two ways. First,
the list of partially exempted industries would be converted from one
based on SIC codes to one based on NAICS codes. Second, the DART rates
used to determine which NAICS code industries qualify for the lower-
hazard partial exemption would be based on more recent BLS data.
    Consistent with OSHA's longstanding policy, individual industry
classifications in major industry sectors generally considered to
involve greater occupational hazards, are not included on the proposed
partially exempt list. As with the current regulation, industries
ineligible for the partial exemption under the proposed rule include
those in the agriculture, utilities, construction, manufacturing, and
wholesale trade sectors.
    For industries in the remaining sectors, the most recent three
years (2007, 2008 and 2009) of available BLS data were used to
calculate the average rate of serious injuries and illnesses for each
industry, as represented by the DART rate. Industries with an average
DART rate equal to or less than 75 percent of the average national DART
rate from 2007 through 2009 are included on the list of partially
exempt lower-hazard industries in proposed Appendix A, with one
exception.
    Under the existing regulation, establishments in Personnel Supply
Services (SIC 736) are currently required to maintain injury and
illness logs; this industry is not included in the existing Appendix A.
For many employees working for establishments in this industry, their
actual place of work may be in an establishment that is part of another
industry. OSHA is proposing that establishments in the corresponding
NAICS industry, NAICS 5613 Employment Services, continue to

be required to maintain logs for the employees under their supervision
as they are currently required to do. Thus, NAICS 5613 Employment
Services is not included in the proposed Appendix A.
    According to the data published by BLS, the average national
private sector DART rate for 2007-2009 was 2.0. Thus, specific
industries, as defined by 4-digit NAICS codes, which had an average
DART rate for 2007-2009 of 1.5 or less, and which are in the eligible
broad industry sectors, were included in the list in proposed Appendix
A (except NAICS 5613 Employment Services).
    The industries included in proposed Appendix A were identified as
follows.

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             NAICS Code                                                Industry
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4412................................  Other Motor Vehicle Dealers.
4431................................  Electronics and Appliance Stores.
4461................................  Health and Personal Care Stores.
4471................................  Gasoline Stations.
4481................................  Clothing Stores.
4482................................  Shoe Stores.
4483................................  Jewelry, Luggage, and Leather Goods Stores.
4511................................  Sporting Goods, Hobby, and Musical Instrument Stores.
4512................................  Book, Periodical, and Music Stores.
4531................................  Florists.
4532................................  Office Supplies, Stationery, and Gift Stores.
4812................................  Nonscheduled Air Transportation.
4861................................  Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil.
4862................................  Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas.
4869................................  Other Pipeline Transportation.
4879................................  Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other.
4885................................  Freight Transportation Arrangement.
5111................................  Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and Directory Publishers.
5112................................  Software Publishers.
5121................................  Motion Picture and Video Industries.
5122................................  Sound Recording Industries.
5151................................  Radio and Television Broadcasting.
5172................................  Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite).
5173................................  Telecommunications Resellers.
5179................................  Other Telecommunications.
5181................................  Internet Service Providers and Web Search Portals.
5182................................  Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services.
5191................................  Other Information Services.
5211................................  Monetary Authorities--Central Bank.
5221................................  Depository Credit Intermediation.
5222................................  Nondepository Credit Intermediation.
5223................................  Activities Related to Credit Intermediation.
5231................................  Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage.
5232................................  Securities and Commodity Exchanges.
5239................................  Other Financial Investment Activities.
5241................................  Insurance Carriers.
5242................................  Agencies, Brokerages, and Other Insurance Related Activities.
5251................................  Insurance and Employee Benefit Funds.
5259................................  Other Investment Pools and Funds.
5312................................  Offices of Real Estate Agents and Brokers.
5331................................  Lessors of Nonfinancial Intangible Assets (except Copyrighted Works).
5411................................  Legal Services.
5412................................  Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services.
5413................................  Architectural, Engineering, and Related Services.
5414................................  Specialized Design Services.
5415................................  Computer Systems Design and Related Services.
5416................................  Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services.
5417................................  Scientific Research and Development Services.
5418................................  Advertising and Related Services.
5511................................  Management of Companies and Enterprises.
5611................................  Office Administrative Services.
5614................................  Business Support Services.
5615................................  Travel Arrangement and Reservation Services.
5616................................  Investigation and Security Services.
6111................................  Elementary and Secondary Schools.
6112................................  Junior Colleges.
6113................................  Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools.
6114................................  Business Schools and Computer and Management Training.
6115................................  Technical and Trade Schools.
6116................................  Other Schools and Instruction.

6117................................  Educational Support Services.
6211................................  Offices of Physicians.
6212................................  Offices of Dentists.
6213................................  Offices of Other Health Practitioners.
6214................................  Outpatient Care Centers.
6215................................  Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories.
6244................................  Child Day Care Services.
7114................................  Agents and Managers for Artists, Athletes, Entertainers, and Other Public
                                       Figures.
7115................................  Independent Artists, Writers, and Performers.
7213................................  Rooming and Boarding Houses.
7221................................  Full-Service Restaurants.
7222................................  Limited-Service Eating Places.
7224................................  Drinking Places (Alcoholic Beverages).
8112................................  Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance.
8114................................  Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance.
8121................................  Personal Care Services.
8122................................  Death Care Services.
8131................................  Religious Organizations.
8132................................  Grantmaking and Giving Services.
8133................................  Social Advocacy Organizations.
8134................................  Civic and Social Organizations.
8139................................  Business, Professional, Labor, Political, and Similar Organizations.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For a more thorough discussion regarding the specific industries
which would be newly exempted or newly covered by the proposed rule,
please refer to Section III of this preamble.
    This rulemaking also fulfills a commitment made by OSHA to the
Government Accountability Office (GAO). In October 2009, GAO published
a report entitled: ``Enhancing OSHA's Records Audit Process Could
Improve the Accuracy of Worker Injury and Illness Data'' (GAO-10-10).
One of the recommendations made by GAO was to update the list of
industries used by OSHA to select worksites for records audits. In its
response to GAO, OSHA agreed to conduct a rulemaking that would update
the coverage of the relevant recordkeeping requirements from the old
SIC-based system to one based on the NAICS codes.
    In conjunction with any final rule resulting from this rulemaking
that may result in some establishments being newly required to comply
with OSHA recordkeeping requirements, OSHA will conduct outreach and
training, and offer other types of compliance assistance, to facilitate
compliance and help ensure more complete and accurate recording and
reporting. OSHA welcomes suggestions from the public regarding the
types of outreach, training, and assistance that would be particularly
helpful.
Issues and Potential Alternatives
    OSHA welcomes comments and data from the public regarding any
aspect of the proposed lower-hazard industry partial exemption. More
specifically, the following questions and issues are relevant to this
rulemaking:
    1. Should any additional industries be exempt from any of the
recordkeeping requirements in Part 1904?
    2. Should OSHA base partial exemptions on more detailed or more
aggregated industry classifications, such as two-digit, three-digit, or
six-digit NAICS codes?
    3. Which industry sectors, if any, should be ineligible for partial
exemption?
    4. Instead of using an average DART rate of 75 percent of the most
recent national DART rate, is there a better way to determine which
industries should be included in Appendix A?
    5. Should OSHA consider numbers of workers injured or made ill in
each industry in addition to industry injury/illness rates in
determining eligibility for partial exemption?
    6. Are there any other data that should be applied as additional or
alternative criteria for purposes of determining eligibility for
partial exemption?
    7. Should OSHA regularly update the list of lower-hazard exempted
industries? If so, how frequently should the list be updated?
    8. Are there any specific types of training, education, and
compliance assistance OSHA could provide that would be particularly
helpful in facilitating compliance with the recordkeeping requirements?

B. Section 1904.39--Reporting Fatality, In-Patient Hospitalization, and
Amputation Incidents to OSHA

Background
    Virtually since its inception, OSHA has required employers to
report certain incidents involving employee fatality or
hospitalization. The regulatory requirements adopted in 1971 in 29 CFR
1904.8 required employers to report, within 48 hours after the
occurrence, work-related incidents resulting in at least one fatality
or the hospitalization of at least five employees.
    In 1994, the Agency revised its reporting requirements to require
employers to report to OSHA, within eight hours, work-related events or
exposures involving fatalities or the in-patient hospitalization of
three or more employees (59 FR 15594). OSHA stated in the preamble to
the final rule that more prompt reporting enables OSHA to inspect the
site of the incident and interview personnel while their recollections
are immediate, fresh and untainted by other events, thus providing more
timely and accurate information about possible causes of the incident.
See, 59 FR 15595. The requirements from the 1994 rulemaking have
remained substantially unchanged since then, and are currently codified
at 29 CFR 1904.39.
Description of Proposed Revisions
    The proposed rule would require employers to report to OSHA, within
eight hours, work-related incidents that result in the death of an
employee or in

the in-patient hospitalization of one or more employees, and within 24
hours, a work-related amputation suffered by an employee. The proposed
revision is intended to provide information necessary to help ensure
America's workers have safe and healthful workplaces.
    Prompt investigation of incidents causing serious injury is a key
element in OSHA's ability to enforce existing standards, evaluate the
effectiveness of current standards, and identify a need for new
standards. OSHA believes that the eight-hour requirement for work-
related fatalities, the eight-hour requirement for work-related in-
patient hospitalizations, and the 24-hour requirement for amputations
will enable the additional potential benefits of reporting to be
realized without creating unreasonable burdens on employers.
    Making all in-patient hospitalizations and amputations reportable
will provide OSHA with additional information on the causes of
workplace incidents and lead to greater prevention of injuries. The
additional information would be obtained cost-effectively, involve
relatively minimal burdens on employers, and would provide OSHA with
critical information to facilitate the timely investigation of harmful
incidents and quick mitigation of hazards. The information will also
help OSHA target scarce resources to the most dangerous workplaces and
to prevent future injuries at these workplaces.
    OSHA believes that the value of this additional information easily
justifies the relatively minor additional reporting burden estimated to
be an average of 15 minutes per reported incident. See Section III of
this preamble for a more detailed discussion of the estimated
compliance costs.
    The hospitalization of a worker due to a work-related incident is a
serious and significant event. Requiring the reporting of every in-
patient hospitalization would ensure that OSHA will be informed about
many more of these serious occurrences. Greater awareness regarding the
extent and nature of such cases helps in the development and
prioritization of various OSHA enforcement programs and initiatives. It
also serves the public interest by enabling OSHA to more effectively
and efficiently target occupational safety and health hazards.
    Another benefit associated with the expansion of the reporting
requirements would be the increased value and utility of the resulting
data. Incidents involving an in-patient hospitalization or an
amputation often involve serious hazards. The proposed reporting
requirements would help establish a comprehensive database that would
more accurately reflect hazards that cause hospitalizations and
amputations as well as identify the associated industries, processes,
and other relevant factors. Such a database could prove especially
useful for study and research into the causes and prevention of
occupational hazards.
    For purposes of OSHA recordkeeping, in-patient hospitalization
occurs when a person is ``formally admitted'' to a hospital or clinic
for at least one overnight stay. Out-patient treatment generally refers
to patients that are seen by a physician or other licensed health care
professional and leave the hospital the same day. Of course, in order
for in-patient hospitalization to be reportable, the injury or illness
must be work-related as defined by Section 1904.5.
    The proposed reporting requirements would apply only to work-
related deaths, in-patient hospitalizations, and amputations occurring
within 30 days of a work-related incident. As provided in proposed
paragraph (b)(7) of section 1904.39, employers would generally not be
required to report fatalities, hospitalizations, or amputations of
which they were not aware.
    The proposed addition of amputations to the reporting requirements
would ensure that these incidents involving serious injury are promptly
reported. Amputations include some of the most serious types of
injuries and tend to result in a greater number of lost workdays than
most other injuries. According to data available from BLS for 2008, the
median number of days away from work for all injuries involving days
away from work was 8, while the median number of days away from work
for amputations was 26. Furthermore, amputations differ from other
types of serious injuries because they tend to have long-term or
permanent consequences. Although information reported regarding
amputations will not necessarily result in an inspection, OSHA can use
this information to better target inspections to workplaces with
serious hazards in order to prevent any further workplace injuries.
Thus, the benefits associated with the reporting of amputations would
be comparable to those associated with the reporting of
hospitalizations.
    For purposes of classifying occupational injuries and illnesses,
amputations are defined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in their
Occupational Injury and Illness Classification Manual. An amputation is
the traumatic loss of a limb or other external body part, including a
fingertip. In order for an injury to be classified as an amputation,
bone must be lost. Amputations include loss of a body part due to a
traumatic incident, a gunshot wound, and medical amputations due to
irreparable traumatic injuries. Amputations exclude traumatic injuries
without bone loss and exclude enucleation (eye removal). A reportable
amputation under the proposed rule would include those that occur at
the workplace as well as those that occur in a hospital as a result of
a work-related event.
    The proposed reporting requirements would generally bring OSHA
requirements more in line with those of other types of safety and
health investigations. Federal regulations require aircraft pilots or
operators to notify the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) of
aviation accidents, certain incidents, and the occurrence of a variety
of other conditions or events. The Federal Railroad Administration
(FRA) requires railroads to report whenever they learn of the
occurrence of anything on a list of types of accidents, incidents,
events, or exposures.
    In some states that administer their own occupational safety and
health regulations, elements similar to this proposed regulation are
already being enforced. For example, California requires employers to
report any employee death or serious injury or illness. The phrase
``serious injury or illness'' includes the in-patient hospitalization
of an employee, as well as when an employee suffers the loss of any
part of the body. Alaska and Washington require notification when at
least one employee is fatally injured or requires in-patient
hospitalization. Utah requires notification of any disabling, serious,
or significant injury, and of any occupational disease incident. In
Kentucky, employers are required to report work-related incidents that
result in the hospitalization of at least one employee, or in an
amputation. In Oregon, incidents resulting in at least one employee
needing overnight hospitalization for medical treatment are required to
be reported.
Issues and Potential Alternatives
    OSHA requests comments on the potential benefits and burdens
associated with the proposed revisions to the reporting requirements in
Section 1904.39. As noted above, under current state regulations, many
businesses are already required to make reports of work-related
incidents resulting in death or serious injury, and many more are
already required to report all work-related in-patient hospitalizations
and amputations within eight hours.

    OSHA welcomes comments and data from the public regarding any
aspect of the proposed reporting requirements. More specifically, the
following questions and issues are relevant to this rulemaking:
    1. What types of incidents and/or injuries and illnesses should be
reported to OSHA and why?
    2. Are there any injuries, illnesses, or conditions that should be
reported to OSHA and are not included among in-patient
hospitalizations?
    3. Should amputations that do not result in in-patient
hospitalizations be reported to OSHA?
    4. Should OSHA require the reporting of all amputations?
    5. Should OSHA require the reporting of enucleations?
    6. Are there additional data or estimates available regarding the
number of work-related incidents involving in-patient hospitalizations?
Is there information available on how many work-related
hospitalizations occur more than 30 days after the report of an injury
or illness?
    7. Should OSHA allow reports to be made by means other than a
telephone, such as by e-mail, fax, or a Web-based system?
    8. Are the reporting times of eight hours for fatalities, eight
hours for in-patient hospitalizations, and 24 hours for amputations
generally appropriate time periods for requiring reporting? What
advantages or disadvantages would be associated with these or any
alternative time periods?

III. Preliminary Economic Analysis and Regulatory Flexibility
Certification

    This proposed rule is not a ``significant regulatory action''
within the context of Executive Order 12866 or the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1532(a)), or a ``major rule'' under the
Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.). This rulemaking has
net costs of $8.5 million and costs between $50 and $100 per affected
establishment. Thus, this rulemaking imposes far less than $100 million
in annual costs on the economy, and does not meet any of the other
criteria specified for a significant regulatory action or major rule in
Executive Order 12866, the UMRA or the Congressional Review Act.
    This Preliminary Economic Analysis (PEA) addresses the costs,
benefits, and economic impacts of the proposed rule. The proposed rule
and the PEA were developed in accordance with the principles of
Executive Order 12866 and Executive Order 13563. The proposed rule
would make two changes to the existing recording and reporting
requirements in Part 1904. It would change which industries are
partially exempted from keeping records and would change the
requirements for reporting certain work-related injuries. The affected
establishments are only partially exempt because BLS may require any
establishment to respond to its survey. The costs to those firms
required to respond to the BLS survey are covered in the BLS survey
paperwork package.
    The existing regulation partially exempts all employers with 10 or
fewer employees and all establishments in specific lower-hazard
industry sectors from routinely keeping OSHA records. The existing
industry partial exemptions were determined by identifying industries
with relatively low DART rates at the 3-digit SIC code level. This
proposed rule would retain the partial exemption for employers with 10
or fewer employees. It also would update the list of partially exempted
industries to reflect the latest data on DART rates and to convert the
industry classifications to the NAICS classification system. These
changes would lead to new costs for employers who are currently
partially exempt from recordkeeping requirements but would be newly
required to keep records; there would also be cost savings for
employers who would no longer be required to keep records.
    The existing rule requires that all work-related fatalities and
work-related incidents involving three or more hospitalizations be
reported to OSHA within eight hours. The proposed rule would retain the
requirement that all fatalities be reported to OSHA within eight hours
and would require that all work-related in-patient hospitalizations be
reported to OSHA within eight hours and that all work-related
amputations be reported to OSHA within 24 hours. The proposed rule
would thus increase the number of incidents that are to be reported to
OSHA.
    The remaining sections of this PEA provide estimates of the
establishments that would be newly required to keep records or would be
newly partially exempt from keeping records, and estimates of the
numbers of reports of in-patient hospitalizations or amputations that
would be required (the industrial profile section); the costs and costs
savings associated with the proposed requirements; the benefits of the
proposed rule; and the economic and small business impacts of the
proposed changes.

Industrial Profile

    The purpose of this industrial profile section is to provide
information about which industries would be affected by the proposed
rule, the number of affected establishments in each affected industry,
employment in establishments affected by the proposed rule, and
estimates of the numbers of in-patient hospitalizations and amputations
that would be required to be reported by the proposed rule. (There is
no need to estimate the number of fatalities to be reported as current
regulations already require the reporting of fatalities.)

Partial Exemption

    In regards to the partial exemption for certain lower hazard
industries, OSHA identified which establishments would be newly
required to keep records, and which establishments would be newly
partially exempt from keeping records. This identification was
complicated by the fact that the current rule classifies employers by
SIC codes, a classification system dating to the 1930s which is no
longer used in government statistics. OSHA had to convert employers
classified by SIC code to the newer NAICS codes. In many cases, a
single SIC code was divided into several NAICS codes, and conversely, a
single NAICS code might contain establishments from multiple SIC codes.
This analysis was conducted at the six-digit NAICS level. The data
resulting from this analysis at the six-digit NAICS level are presented
in the Appendix to this Preliminary Economic Analysis.
    To identify those employers that would no longer be partially
exempt from OSHA recordkeeping requirements under the proposed rule,
OSHA examined the 1997 Economic Census: Bridge between SIC and NAICS
Tables (http://www.census.gov/epcd/naics02/S87TON02.HTM). These tables
show, for 1997, the best available data on what percentage of the
establishments in each SIC code transferred into each NAICS code.
Affected establishments in an SIC code exempted under the existing rule
but classified in a non-exempted NAICS code under the proposed rule
would be newly subject to the recordkeeping requirements. These
establishments, not exempted under the proposed rule, would incur new
recordkeeping costs.
    Having used the bridge table to identify the portions of the
industries by 6-digit NAICS code that would be newly required to keep
records, OSHA used 2006 County Business Patterns to determine the
corresponding numbers of establishments and employees (http://www2.census.gov/econ/susb/data/2006/us_6digitnaics_2006.xls). This
data source provides not only the total number of establishments and
employees in an industry, but also a breakdown of employees and

establishments by the size of the firm that owns the establishment.
These data permit a straightforward calculation of the number of
establishments with 10 or more employees. However, both the current and
proposed rules cover employers with 11 or more employees. To deduct
those employers with exactly 10 employees, OSHA estimated that
employers with exactly ten employees represent one tenth of all
employers with between 10 and 19 employees. This approach will
overestimate the number of covered firms because there tend to be a
more than proportional number of firms at smaller size classes.
    OSHA then estimated the number of affected establishments and
employees in each industry by multiplying the total number of
establishments and employees in the industry by the percentage of
affected establishments that were identified using the SIC--NAICS
bridge tables as described above.
    OSHA then estimated the number of newly recordable injuries and
illnesses by dividing the number of injuries and illness recorded per
industry by BLS in 2006 (BLS http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshbulletin2006.htm) by the total employment in the industry, and
multiplied the resulting rate by the number of affected employees in
the industry as derived using the 1997 SIC-NAICS bridge tables. OSHA
used BLS data at the four-digit NAICS level since more detailed injury
and illness data were not available for all NAICS codes.
    Table III-1 presents data for the industries with establishments
that would be newly required to keep records. The table shows the four-
digit NAICS code, industry name, the number of affected establishments,
the number of affected employees, and an estimate of the number of
recordable injuries and illnesses, based on historical data, for newly
affected employers. OSHA estimates that as a result of the proposed
rule's revision to partial exemptions, 199,000 establishments with 5.3
million employees not previously required to record injuries would need
to do so and that those establishments are would record an estimated
173,000 injuries and illnesses per year.
    Having used the bridge table to identify the portions of the NAICS
code industries that would be newly required to keep records, OSHA used
the same methodology and data sources described above to determine the
number of establishments, employees, and injuries and illnesses for
establishments who would no longer be required to regularly keep
records. Table III-2 shows the four-digit NAICS code, industry name,
number of affected establishments, number of affected employees, and
the estimated number of injuries and illnesses that would no longer be
recorded in each affected industry. OSHA estimates that as a result of
the revision to the list of partially exempt industries, 119,000
establishments with 4.0 million employees and an estimated 76,000
injuries and illnesses per year would no longer need to keep records
regularly.

                            Table III-1-- Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Required to Keep Records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Estimated
                 NAICS Code                          Title of NAICS Code              Affected          Affected       Affected firms     injuries and
                                                                                employment      establishments                         illnesses
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3118.......................................  Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing            42,294             1,932             1,766               571
4411.......................................  Automobile Dealers.................         1,204,566            23,351            19,156            48,989
4413.......................................  Automotive Parts, Accessories, and              5,207               426                84               204
                                              Tire Stores.
4441.......................................  Building Material and Supplies                260,363            21,310             4,215            18,577
                                              Dealers.
4452.......................................  Specialty Food Stores..............            88,133             7,339             3,044             2,759
4453.......................................  Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores......            69,011             6,109             2,878             2,356
4539.......................................  Other Miscellaneous Store Retailers           160,152            11,505             4,301             4,611
4543.......................................  Direct Selling Establishments......             1,569                69                43                67
5313.......................................  Activities Related to Real Estate..           490,941            19,341             9,881            13,864
5322.......................................  Consumer Goods Rental..............           130,839            14,186             1,158             1,114
5324.......................................  Commercial and Industrial Machinery            13,963               807               295               676
                                              and Equipment Rental and Leasing.
5419.......................................  Other Professional, Scientific, and           249,160            10,889             3,770             1,853
                                              Technical Services.
5612.......................................  Facilities Support Services........           162,384             3,293               865             8,955
5617.......................................  Services to Buildings and Dwellings             2,140               104                50               134
5619.......................................  Other Support Services.............           308,984             6,238             4,152             8,150
6219.......................................  Other Ambulatory Health Care                  105,656             2,688               859             5,734
                                              Services.
6241.......................................  Individual and Family Services.....           995,856            30,230            15,915            20,988
6242.......................................  Community Food and Housing, and               138,272             7,369             4,258             3,536
                                              Emergency and Other Relief
                                              Services.
7111.......................................  Performing Arts Companies..........           116,043             1,994             1,864             4,483
7113.......................................  Promoters of Performing Arts,                  93,738             1,183               973             2,421
                                              Sports, and Similar Events.
7121.......................................  Museums, Historical Sites, and                 77,933             1,610             1,352             2,860
                                              Similar Institutions.
7139.......................................  Other Amusement and Recreation                 73,447             2,912             2,244             1,254
                                              Industries.
7223.......................................  Special Food Services..............           510,294            22,379             3,802            18,164
8129.......................................  Other Personal Services............            42,254             1,498             1,117               914
                                                                                -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total....................................  ...................................         5,343,199           198,763            88,040           173,233
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.
Source: 2006 County Business Patterns: http://www2.census.gov/econ/susb/data/2006/us_6digitnaics_2006.xls.
Source: 2006 Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating
  State agencies. http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/os/osnr0028.pdf.

                      Table III-2: Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Partially Exempt From Keeping Records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Estimated
                 NAICS Code                          Title of NAICS Code              Affected          Affected       Affected firms     injuries  and
                                                                                employment      establishments                         illnesses
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4412.......................................  Other Motor Vehicle Dealers........            80,441             3,794             2,594             3,757
4431.......................................  Electronics and Appliance Stores...            66,902             3,699             1,702             1,538
4461.......................................  Health and Personal Care Stores....            15,620             1,440               425               244
4471.......................................  Gasoline Stations..................           128,972            12,220             2,575             3,634
4511.......................................  Sporting Goods, Hobby, and Musical              1,271                65                16                37
                                              Instrument Stores.
4532.......................................  Office Supplies, Stationery, and               98,855             4,626               873             2,160
                                              Gift Stores.
4812.......................................  Nonscheduled Air Transportation....            37,807               763               580               855
4861.......................................  Pipeline Transportation of Crude                7,472               352                35               175
                                              Oil.
4862.......................................  Pipeline Transportation of Natural             22,080             1,303                68               510
                                              Gas.
4869.......................................  Other Pipeline Transportation......             9,348               881                51               219
4879.......................................  Scenic and Sightseeing                          2,155                45                39                80
                                              Transportation, Other.
4885.......................................  Freight Transportation Arrangement.           166,549             7,126             2,709             3,045
5111.......................................  Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and              654,211            10,912             4,896            16,037
                                              Directory Publishers.
5122.......................................  Sound Recording Industries.........            14,059               426               197               206
5151.......................................  Radio and Television Broadcasting..           251,523             7,186             2,084             4,931
5172.......................................  Wireless Telecommunications                   236,243            10,087               530             2,274
                                              Carriers (except Satellite).
5173.......................................  Telecommunications Resellers.......            27,652               800               533               499
5179.......................................  Other Telecommunications...........             9,365               204               104               191
5181.......................................  Internet Service Providers and Web             20,957               210               157               174
                                              Search Portals.
5191.......................................  Other Information Services.........            10,406               211                96               164
5221.......................................  Depository Credit Intermediation...            81,130             5,063               356               640
5239.......................................  Other Financial Investment                      8,158               115                77                19
                                              Activities.
5241.......................................  Insurance Carriers.................             8,946               251                55                63
5259.......................................  Other Investment Pools and Funds...            20,268               924               226               129
5413.......................................  Architectural, Engineering, and                31,953             1,144             1,008               508
                                              Related Services.
5416.......................................  Management, Scientific, and                    80,566             1,651               927               440
                                              Technical Consulting Services.
5418.......................................  Advertising and Related Services...            48,061             1,096               764               691
5511.......................................  Management of Companies and                 1,015,532            14,229             6,983            20,526
                                              Enterprises.
5614.......................................  Business Support Services..........           166,454             2,937             2,172             1,868
5615.......................................  Travel Arrangement and Reservation            167,398             7,106             2,054             1,385
                                              Services.
5616.......................................  Investigation and Security Services             6,361               386               332               148
6116.......................................  Other Schools and Instruction......            49,500             2,142             1,961               372
7213.......................................  Rooming and Boarding Houses........             6,313               350               280                60
8112.......................................  Electronic and Precision Equipment             61,789             2,047             1,182             1,179
                                              Repair and Maintenance.
8114.......................................  Personal and Household Goods Repair            42,582             2,131             1,146             1,163
                                              and Maintenance.
8122.......................................  Death Care Services................            24,515             1,730               551               606
8134.......................................  Civic and Social Organizations.....           131,301             4,233             3,141             2,473
8139.......................................  Business, Professional, Labor,                148,056             5,490             4,648             2,788
                                              Political, and Similar
                                              Organizations.
                                                                                -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total....................................  ...................................         3,960,772           119,374            48,123            75,787
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.
Source: 2006 County Business Patterns: http://www2.census.gov/econ/susb/data/2006/us_6digitnaics_2006.xls.
Source: 2006 Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating
  State agencies. http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/os/osnr0028.pdf.

Reporting of Fatalities, In-Patient Hospitalizations and Amputations

    The proposed rule would require employers to report all work-
related in-patient hospitalizations and amputations to OSHA. This
requirement would affect all industries, all employers, and all 7.5
million establishments in OSHA's jurisdiction. Because OSHA already
requires the reporting of work-related fatalities, this economic
analysis focuses on the proposed new requirement for reporting all
work-related in-patient hospitalization and amputations. The current
regulation also requires the reporting of hospitalizations of three or
more workers. The number of such multiple hospitalizations represents a
trivial portion of all in-patient hospitalizations (For example, in
Fiscal Year 2010, there were a total of 14 such reports. http://
www.osha.gov/dep/fatcat/fatcat--regional--rpt--

09252010.html ). OSHA therefore proceeded to estimate the total number
of work-related in-patient hospitalizations without deducting the
number of multiple hospitalizations that already must be reported.
    It is difficult to estimate the number of in-patient
hospitalizations that would need to be reported under the proposed
rule. NIOSH has estimated that in 2004, a total of 68,000 work-related
Emergency Department visits resulted in hospitalization (MMWR Weekly,
April 27 2007 (56(16):393-397--``Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and
Illnesses--United States, 2004'' http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5616a3.htm (Note: no author given). By contrast, Dembe et al
(Dembe AE, Mastroberti MA, Fox SE, Bigelow C, Banks SM. Inpatient
hospital care for work-related injuries and illnesses. Am J Ind Med.
2003 Oct; 44(4):331-42.) estimate that from 1997 to 1999 there were
210,000 in-patient hospital admissions per year paid for by workers'
compensation insurance. More recent studies in Massachusetts (1996-
2001) and Louisiana (1998-2007) come up with figures ranging from
150,000 to 275,000 per year when extrapolated to the nation as a whole.
    One possible reconciliation for these different estimates of work-
related hospitalizations is that many workers' compensation-related
hospitalizations are not emergencies but are scheduled or planned
hospitalizations. This possibility is supported by the fact that
musculoskeletal disorders represent only 10 percent of work-related
emergency room hospitalizations in the NIOSH emergency department data,
but 34 to 45 percent of hospitalizations that are paid for by workers'
compensation insurance according to the workers' compensation related
studies. If many of these hospitalizations are scheduled
hospitalizations, they may not need to be reported as Section 1904.39
does not require reporting of fatalities, hospitalizations or
amputations that occur more than 30 days after an incident has
occurred. However, the rule would require the reporting of in-patient
hospitalizations occurring within 30 days of the original event.
Nevertheless, OSHA will use 210,000 hospitalizations per year as a
preliminary estimate for purposes of examining the costs of this rule.
OSHA solicits comment on the best ways to determine how many in-patient
hospitalizations will fall within the scope of the proposed rule.
    According to BLS, in 2008 there were 6,230 amputations that
involved days away from work (http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/case/osnr0033.pdf). The more serious amputation cases will clearly require
in-patient hospitalization. Because amputations frequently require
hospitalization and because OSHA believes that the estimated 210,000
in-patient hospitalization reports are an overestimate of the reports
that would be required by the proposed rule, OSHA believes its estimate
of 210,000 reports is adequate to account for reports of both in-
patient hospitalizations and amputations. OSHA solicits comment on this
estimate and on potential ways to improve its accuracy.

Costs

    This section presents estimates of the costs and cost savings of
the proposed rule. The time requirements for the activities associated
with the proposed rule have been developed through previous rulemakings
and information collection requests that have been subject to extensive
notice and comment. For the purposes of the analysis of the costs of
this proposed rule, OSHA relied on past estimates of the time
requirements for record keeping activities. (The specific past estimate
relied on is cited for each time requirement estimate.)
    The time requirements for various activities are estimated as
follows:
    Initial training of recordkeepers: one hour per establishment,
applies only to currently exempt establishments that would be newly
required to keep records (based on the Final Economic Analysis for the
Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and Reporting Requirements,
published January 19, 2001, FR 66:5916-6135).
    Training of recordkeepers to account for turnover: one hour per
establishment and a turnover rate of 20 percent a year resulting in an
average of 0.2 hours per establishment per year. This applies to costs
for currently exempt establishments that would be newly required to
keep records and to cost savings for establishments that would no
longer be required to keep records (based on the Final Economic
Analysis for the Occupational Injury and Illness Recording and
Reporting Requirements, published January 19, 2001, FR 66:5916-6135).
    Completing, posting, and certifying OSHA Form 300A: 0.97 hours per
establishment. This applies to costs for currently exempt
establishments that would be newly required to keep records and to cost
savings for establishments that would no longer be required to keep
records (2008 ICR, SS 1218-0176 (1-17-08)).
    Completing entries on all forms for each recordable injury and
illness, accounting for privacy concerns, and providing access to
records: 0.38 hours per recordable injury or illness. This applies to
costs for currently exempt establishments that would be newly required
to keep records and to cost savings for establishments that would no
longer be required to keep records (2008 ICR, SS 1218-0176 (1-17-08).
    Reporting in-patient hospitalizations or amputations: 0.25 hours
per fatality or hospitalization. (2008 ICR, SS 1218-0176 (1-17-08)).
    As in OSHA's PEA for the MSD column proposed rule (Federal
Register: March 9, 2010 Volume 75, Number 45, pages 10738-10739), OSHA
estimated that recordkeeping tasks will most commonly be performed by a
Human Resource, Training, and Labor Relations Specialist, not elsewhere
classified (Human Resources Specialist). The BLS Occupational
Employment Survey (OES) indicated that in May 2008, Human Resources
Specialists earned a mean hourly wage of $28 (BLS OES, 2009), with an
annual salary of approximately $56,000 per year. In June 2009, the BLS
National Compensation Survey indicated a mean fringe benefit factor of
1.43 for civilian workers in general. This brings the total hourly
compensation (including wages and benefits) to $40.04 for Human
Resources Specialists. OSHA recognizes that there is significant
diversity among firms in who is charged with OSHA recordkeeping
responsibilities. Smaller firms may have a bookkeeper perform this
function while larger firms may use an occupational safety and health
specialist. However, OSHA believes that the hourly cost of $40.04 is a
reasonable estimate of the costs for the typical recordkeeper. OSHA
welcomes comments on the issue of hourly compensation costs for typical
recordkeepers.
    Given the unit time requirements, hourly wages, the numbers of
establishments and the injury and illness totals presented in Table
III-1, Table III-3 shows OSHA's estimates of the costs of the proposed
rule for those currently partially exempt employers who would need to
keep records as a result of the proposed rule. The expected annualized
cost of the rule to those employers is $13.1 million per year with the
most expensive element being the completion, certification, and posting
of the Form 300A with costs of $7.7 million per year. The highest cost
single industry is new automobile dealers.
    Given the unit time requirements, hourly wages, the number of
establishments and the injury and illness totals presented in Table
III-2,

Table III-4 shows OSHA's estimates of the cost savings of the proposed
rule for those employers who would no longer need to keep records as a
result of the proposed rule. OSHA estimates that the total cost savings
for these employers would be $6.7 million per year.

                  Table III-3--Annualized Costs to Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Required To Keep Records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Complete log
                                                                                Relearning                               entries, mark  Total costs to
                                            NAICS Industry       Learning new    recordkeeping    Complete, certify and   privacy issues    industries
              NAICS Code                     description         recordkeeping   system due to     post OSHA Form 300A      and provide   newly required
                                                                    system         turnover                                  employees        to keep
                                                                                access          records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3118.................................    Bakeries and Tortilla         $11,014         $15,471  $75,037.................          $8,683        $110,205
                                                 Manufacturing
4411.................................       Automobile Dealers         133,116         186,991   906,905................         745,372       1,972,385
4413.................................        Automotive Parts,           2,430           3,413   16,553.................           3,108          25,503
                                         Accessories, and Tire
                                                        Stores
4441.................................    Building Material and         121,482         170,648   827,643................         282,648       1,402,421
                                              Supplies Dealers
4452.................................    Specialty Food Stores          41,837          58,769   285,031................          41,981         427,618
4453.................................   Beer, Wine, and Liquor          34,824          48,918   237,251................          35,842         356,834
                                                        Stores
4539.................................      Other Miscellaneous          65,588          92,133   446,844................          70,153         674,719
                                               Store Retailers
4543.................................           Direct Selling             394             554   2,686..................           1,016           4,650
                                                Establishments
5313.................................    Activities Related to         110,259         154,883   751,181................         210,948       1,227,271
                                                   Real Estate
5322.................................    Consumer Goods Rental          80,874         113,604   550,982................          16,955         762,414
5324.................................           Commercial and           4,601           6,463   31,344.................          10,283          52,690
                                          Industrial Machinery
                                          and Equipment Rental
                                                   and Leasing
5419.................................      Other Professional,          62,076          87,200   422,919................          28,193         600,388
                                               Scientific, and
                                            Technical Services
5612.................................       Facilities Support          18,773          26,371   127,900................         136,245         309,289
                                                      Services
5617.................................    Services to Buildings             595             836   4,053..................           2,032           7,516
                                                 and Dwellings
5619.................................   Other Support Services          35,561          49,953   242,274................         124,010         451,798
6219.................................  Other Ambulatory Health          15,321          21,522   104,383................          87,247         228,474
                                                 Care Services
6241.................................    Individual and Family         172,337         242,084   1,174,109..............         319,340       1,907,869
                                                      Services
6242.................................       Community Food and          42,010          59,013   286,211................          53,803         441,037
                                        Housing, and Emergency
                                              and Other Relief
                                                      Services
7111.................................          Performing Arts          11,367          15,967   77,441.................          68,206         172,981
                                                     Companies
7113.................................  Promoters of Performing           6,744           9,474   45,947.................          36,840          99,005
                                             Arts, Sports, and
                                                Similar Events
7121.................................      Museums, Historical           9,181          12,896   62,546.................          43,514         128,137
                                            Sites, and Similar
                                                  Institutions
7139.................................      Other Amusement and          16,602          23,322   113,110................          19,087         172,121
                                         Recreation Industries
7223.................................    Special Food Services         127,578         179,211   869,174................         276,368       1,452,331
8129.................................  Other Personal Services           8,540          11,996   58,182.................          13,905          92,623
                                      ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Totals...........................  .......................       1,133,105       1,591,692  7,719,704...............       2,635,779     13,080,280
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.

        Table III-4--Cost Savings to Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Partially Exempt from Recordkeeping Requirements
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Complete log
                                                                                Relearning         Complete,       entries, mark    Cost savings to
                 NAICS code                       NAICS Industry description        recordkeeping   certify and post   privacy issues   industries newly
                                                                                system due to    OSHA Form 300A      and provide      exempted from
                                                                                turnover                        employees access   keeping records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4412.......................................  Other Motor Vehicle Dealers........           $30,380          $147,342           $57,160          $234,882
4431.......................................  Electronics and Appliance Stores...            29,625           143,679            23,399           196,703
4461.......................................  Health and Personal Care Stores....            11,533            55,936             3,719            71,188
4471.......................................  Gasoline Stations..................            97,861           474,627            55,292           627,780
4511.......................................  Sporting Goods, Hobby, and Musical                524             2,543               565             3,632
                                              Instrument Stores.
4532.......................................  Office Supplies, Stationery, and               37,046           179,672            32,867           249,585
                                              Gift Stores.
4812.......................................  Nonscheduled Air Transportation....             6,111            29,638            13,015            48,763
4861.......................................  Pipeline Transportation of Crude                2,817            13,663             2,658            19,138
                                              Oil.
4862.......................................  Pipeline Transportation of Natural             10,437            50,619             7,753            68,808
                                              Gas.
4869.......................................  Other Pipeline Transportation......             7,053            34,209             3,325            44,588
4879.......................................  Scenic and Sightseeing                            356             1,728             1,214             3,299
                                              Transportation, Other.
4885.......................................  Freight Transportation Arrangement.            57,062           276,750            46,329           380,141
5111.......................................  Newspaper, Periodical, Book, and               87,381           423,797           244,001           755,178
                                              Directory Publishers.
5122.......................................  Sound Recording Industries.........             3,415            16,561             3,127            23,102
5151.......................................  Radio and Television Broadcasting..            57,541           279,076            75,027           411,645
5172.......................................  Wireless Telecommunications                    80,775           391,759            34,597           507,132
                                              Carriers (except Satellite).
5173.......................................  Telecommunications Resellers.......             6,406            31,067             7,590            45,062
5179.......................................  Other Telecommunications...........             1,631             7,911             2,912            12,455
5181.......................................  Internet Service Providers and Web              1,679             8,144             2,653            12,477
                                              Search Portals.
5191.......................................  Other Information Services.........             1,690             8,195             2,493            12,378
5221.......................................  Depository Credit Intermediation...            40,543           196,635             9,740           246,919
5239.......................................  Other Financial Investment                        923             4,478               283             5,684
                                              Activities.
5241.......................................  Insurance Carriers.................             2,012             9,759               959            12,729
5259.......................................  Other Investment Pools and Funds...             7,403            35,903             4,004            47,309
5413.......................................  Architectural, Engineering, and                 9,162            44,437            19,849            73,448
                                              Related Services.
5416.......................................  Management, Scientific, and                    13,221            64,121             4,190            81,532
                                              Technical Consulting Services.
5418.......................................  Advertising and Related Services...             8,777            42,569           222,299           273,646
5511.......................................  Management of Companies and                   113,948           552,648            10,059           676,655
                                              Enterprises.
5614.......................................  Business Support Services..........            23,517           114,058            38,913           176,488
5615.......................................  Travel Arrangement and Reservation             56,903           275,981             7,722           340,606
                                              Services.
5616.......................................  Investigation and Security Services             3,087            14,972            17,515            35,575
6116.......................................  Other Schools and Instruction......            17,152            83,185               722           101,059
7213.......................................  Rooming and Boarding Houses........             2,802            13,590             1,707            18,099
8112.......................................  Electronic and Precision Equipment             16,391            79,495            15,150           111,035
                                              Repair and Maintenance.
8114.......................................  Personal and Household Goods Repair            17,062            82,751            26,979           126,792
                                              and Maintenance.
8122.......................................  Death Care Services................            13,856            67,199            49,346           130,401
8134.......................................  Civic and Social Organizations.....            33,901           164,421            39,480           237,802
8139.......................................  Business, Professional, Labor,                 43,966           213,233             2,943           260,141
                                              Political, and Similar
                                              Organizations.
                                                                                -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Totals.................................  ...................................           955,949         4,636,351         1,091,556         6,683,856

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.

    To estimate the costs of reporting in-patient hospitalizations and
amputations, OSHA multiplied the estimated 210,000 cases per year by
0.25 hours per report and by the $40.04 per hour compensation costs of
a recordkeeper. OSHA estimates that a recordkeeper or someone with
equivalent salary would make this report. OSHA welcomes comment on
whether such a report would typically be made by someone other than the
person who normally keeps records and what the salary or job title of
such a person might be. The resulting estimate of the annual cost of
this provision is $2.1 million per year.
    Table III-5 shows the total net costs of the proposed rule
considering all three elements: Costs to currently exempt employers who
would be newly required to keep records, cost savings to employers who
would no longer be required to keep records, and reporting of all work-
related in-patient hospitalizations and amputations. OSHA estimates
that the total net costs of this proposed rule would be $8.5 million
per year.

        Table III-5--Summary of Annualized Costs and Cost Savings
------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Cost or cost savings element                     Value
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Costs to Employers Newly Required to Keep Records.........   $13,080,280

Cost Savings to Employers Newly Exempt From Keeping            6,683,856
 Records..................................................
Costs of Additional Reporting of Hospitalizations and          2,102,200
 Amputations..............................................
                                                           -------------
    Net Costs.............................................     8,498,624
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Benefits

    OSHA anticipates that this proposed rule will have several
benefits. First, the proposed rule will redirect recordkeeping efforts
toward industries with higher DART rates, making the system more
effective and efficient. While 119,000 establishments would no longer
need to keep records, these establishments have an average injury and
illness rate of 1.9 percent. On the other hand, the revision to the
regulation adds 199,000 establishments with an average injury and
illness rate of 3.2 percent. Thus, on average, establishments with
higher injury and illness rates will keep and post records. As a
result, the employer, the employees, and OSHA will have a better idea
of the nature of the serious injuries and illnesses occurring in
establishments with relatively high injury and illness rates.
    The proposed requirements to report all work-related in-patient
hospitalizations within eight hours and all work-related amputations
within 24 hours ensure that OSHA will be able to better utilize
enforcement resources by targeting resources to establishments with the
most serious hazards.
    The hospitalization of a worker or an amputation due to a work-
related incident is a serious and significant event. Requiring the
reporting of these events would ensure that OSHA will be informed about
many more of these serious occurrences than it is now. Greater
awareness regarding the extent and nature of such cases helps in the
development and prioritization of various OSHA enforcement programs and
initiatives. It also serves the public interest by enabling OSHA to
more effectively and efficiently target occupational safety and health
hazards.
    If such improvements in information and enforcement save even one
life every three to four years as a result of this proposed rule, they
will more than pay for the costs associated with such notifications.

Economic Impacts

    In this section, OSHA will first consider the economic impact on
those firms newly required to keep records, and then turn to the
economic impacts of requirements to report in-patient hospitalizations
and amputations. No economic impacts are examined for those firms that
are no longer required to keep records.

Partial Exemption

    OSHA compared the baseline financial data with the total annualized
incremental costs of compliance by computing compliance costs per
establishment. Table III-6 shows that the costs per establishment range
from just above $50 per establishment to a maximum of less than $100
per establishment. OSHA believes that costs of this magnitude cannot
possibly affect the viability of a firm, and are thus economically
feasible.

  Table III-6--Economic Impacts of Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Required To Keep
                                                     Records
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Cost per
                NAICS Code                     NAICS Industry description         Affected          affected
                                                                               establishments     establishment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3118.....................................  Bakeries and Tortilla                         1,932               $57
                                            Manufacturing.
4411.....................................  Automobile Dealers...............            23,351                84
4413.....................................  Automotive Parts, Accessories,                  426                60
                                            and Tire Stores.
4441.....................................  Building Material and Supplies               21,310                66
                                            Dealers.
4452.....................................  Specialty Food Stores............             7,339                58
4453.....................................  Beer, Wine, and Liquor Stores....             6,109                58
4539.....................................  Other Miscellaneous Store                    11,505                59
                                            Retailers.
4543.....................................  Direct Selling Establishments....                69                67
5313.....................................  Activities Related to Real Estate            19,341                63
5322.....................................  Consumer Goods Rental............            14,186                54
5324.....................................  Commercial and Industrial                       807                65
                                            Machinery and Equipment Rental
                                            and Leasing.
5419.....................................  Other Professional, Scientific,              10,889                55
                                            and Technical Services.
5612.....................................  Facilities Support Services......             3,293                94
5617.....................................  Services to Buildings and                       104                72
                                            Dwellings.
5619.....................................  Other Support Services...........             6,238                72
6219.....................................  Other Ambulatory Health Care                  2,688                85
                                            Services.
6241.....................................  Individual and Family Services...            30,230                63
6242.....................................  Community Food and Housing, and               7,369                60
                                            Emergency and Other Relief
                                            Services.
7111.....................................  Performing Arts Companies........             1,994                87
7113.....................................  Promoters of Performing Arts,                 1,183                84
                                            Sports, and Similar Events.
7121.....................................  Museums, Historical Sites, and                1,610                80
                                            Similar Institutions.
7139.....................................  Other Amusement and Recreation                2,912                59
                                            Industries.
7223.....................................  Special Food Services............            22,379                65
8129.....................................  Other Personal Services..........             1,498                62
                                                                             -----------------------------------
  Totals.................................  .................................           198,763                82

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.

Reporting of Fatalities, Hospitalizations, and Amputations

    Given OSHA's estimates of total costs of approximately $2 million
per year across all 7.5 million business establishments in OSHA's
jurisdiction, the average cost per establishment of this provision is
$0.27 per establishment per year. In a typical year, most
establishments will not report a single work-related hospitalization.
Even for those that do, the cost will be approximately $10 per
hospitalization or amputation that has to be reported. Costs of this
magnitude will not affect the viability of any firm.

Regulatory Flexibility Certification

    OSHA would continue to partially exempt employers with fewer than
11 employees from its recordkeeping regulations under this proposed
rule. Such very small firms are affected by the revisions to this rule
only insofar as they may have to report a fatality, in-patient
hospitalization or amputation. This will be extremely rare for most
small firms. Even when this occurs, OSHA has estimated the costs as
approximately $10 per report, a sum that will not cause problems for
even the smallest firms.
    Most of the employers affected by the change in the partial
exemption to the recordkeeping rule are small firms. Even when one
considers the mix of small and large firms covered by the rule, the
average costs per establishment are well under $100 per year per
establishment. OSHA believes that costs of less than $100 per
establishment do not represent a significant economic impact on small
firms with 11 employees or more.
    As a result of these considerations, in accordance with the RFA,
OSHA certifies that the proposed rule would not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.

Section III Appendix: PEA Data at the Six Digit NAICS Level

    This appendix provides supporting material developed in support of
this rule at the six-digit NAICS level.
    Table III-1A presents data on industries with establishments that
would be newly required to keep records. The table shows the six-digit
NAICS code, industry name, the number of affected employees, and an
estimate of the number of recordable injuries and illnesses, based on
historical data, for newly affected employers.
    Table III-2A presents data on industries with establishments that
would be newly partially exempt from recordkeeping. The table shows the
six-digit NAICS code, industry name, number of affected establishments
per industry, number of employees, and the estimated number of injuries
and illnesses that would no longer be recorded in each affected
industry.
    Table III-3A shows OSHA's estimates of the costs of the proposed
rule, at the six-digit NAICS level, for currently partially exempt
employers who would need to keep records as a result of the proposed
rule.
    Table III-4A shows OSHA's estimates of the cost savings of the
proposed rule, at the six-digit NAICS level, for those employers who
would no longer need to keep records as a result of the proposed rule.
    Table III-6A shows the costs per establishment at the six-digit
NAICS level.

        Table III-1A--Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Required To Keep Records
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Estimated
                                Title of NAICS       Affected          Affected                         injuries
          NAICS code                 code           employment      establishments    Affected firms      and
                                                                                illnesses
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
311811.......................   Retail Bakeries            42,294             1,932             1,766    571
441110.......................   New Car Dealers         1,136,905            19,971            16,525  47,972
441120.......................  Used Car Dealers            67,661             3,379             2,631  1,016
441310.......................  Automotive Parts             5,207               426                84    204
                                and Accessories
                                         Stores
444130.......................   Hardware Stores           260,363            21,310             4,215  18,577
445210.......................      Meat Markets            20,194             1,250               833    451
445220.......................  Fish and Seafood               908                44                40     20
                                        Markets
445291.......................       Baked Goods            22,149             2,133               678    756
                                         Stores
445292.......................     Confectionery            14,587             1,576               332    498
                                 and Nut Stores
445299.......................         All Other            30,294             2,336             1,161  1,034
                                 Specialty Food
                                         Stores
445310.......................   Beer, Wine, and            69,011             6,109             2,878  2,356
                                  Liquor Stores
453910.......................       Pet and Pet            76,608             3,691             1,150  2,309
                                Supplies Stores
453920.......................       Art Dealers             8,370               622               397     36
453991.......................    Tobacco Stores            15,975             1,841               610    481
453998.......................         All Other            59,200             5,351             2,144  1,784
                                  Miscellaneous
                                Store Retailers
                                (except Tobacco
                                        Stores)
454390.......................      Other Direct             1,569                69                43     67
                                        Selling
                                 Establishments
531311.......................       Residential           312,261            11,737             5,378  8,942
                                       Property
                                       Managers
531312.......................    Nonresidential           114,972             4,724             2,517  3,292
                                       Property
                                       Managers
531320.......................   Offices of Real            14,273               835               639    365
                                         Estate
                                     Appraisers
531390.......................  Other Activities            49,435             2,045             1,346  1,264
                                Related to Real
                                         Estate
532220.......................   Formal Wear and             9,339             1,243               184    267
                                 Costume Rental
532230.......................    Video Tape and           121,174            12,922               967    837
                                    Disc Rental
532299.......................         All Other               326                21                 8     11
                                 Consumer Goods
                                         Rental
532420.......................  Office Machinery             5,642               343               156    273
                                  and Equipment
                                     Rental and
                                        Leasing
532490.......................  Other Commercial             8,321               464               139    403
                                 and Industrial
                                  Machinery and
                               Equipment Rental
                                    and Leasing
541910.......................         Marketing           117,181             2,061             1,197    215
                                   Research and
                                 Public Opinion
                                        Polling
541921.......................       Photography            51,450             6,020               642    664
                                       Studios,
                                       Portrait
541922.......................        Commercial             6,225               298               239     80
                                    Photography
541930.......................   Translation and             8,935               240               193    317
                                 Interpretation
                                       Services
541990.......................         All Other            65,370             2,271             1,499    576
                                  Professional,
                                Scientific, and
                                      Technical
                                       Services
561210.......................        Facilities           162,384             3,293               865  8,955
                               Support Services
561790.......................    Other Services             2,140               104                50    134
                               to Buildings and
                                      Dwellings

561910.......................     Packaging and            54,249               805               694  1,431
                                       Labeling
                                       Services
561920.......................    Convention and            77,944             1,090               834  2,056
                                     Trade Show
                                     Organizers
561990.......................         All Other           176,791             4,343             2,624  4,663
                               Support Services
621991.......................   Blood and Organ            61,113             1,082               222  3,317
                                          Banks
621999.......................         All Other            44,543             1,606               638  2,417
                                  Miscellaneous
                                     Ambulatory
                                    Health Care
                                       Services
624110.......................   Child and Youth           146,467             5,443             2,951  3,024
                                       Services
624120.......................  Services for the           479,601            10,944             6,653  16,239
                                    Elderly and
                                   Persons with
                                   Disabilities
624190.......................  Other Individual           369,788            13,844             6,312  1,725
                                     and Family
                                       Services
624210.......................    Community Food            26,674             2,208               848    713
                                       Services
624221.......................         Temporary            60,422             2,636             1,880  1,565
                                       Shelters
624229.......................   Other Community            31,478             1,649             1,090    815
                               Housing Services
624230.......................     Emergency and            19,698               876               439    443
                                   Other Relief
                                       Services
711110.......................           Theater            67,614             1,114             1,013  2,612
                                  Companies and
                                Dinner Theaters
711120.......................   Dance Companies             8,038               167               165    311
711130.......................    Musical Groups            34,372               615               604  1,328
                                    and Artists
711190.......................  Other Performing             6,019                99                83    232
                                 Arts Companies
711310.......................      Promoters of            76,435               727               579  1,974
                               Performing Arts,
                                    Sports, and
                                 Similar Events
                                with Facilities
711320.......................      Promoters of            17,303               456               394    447
                               Performing Arts,
                                    Sports, and
                                 Similar Events
                                        without
                                     Facilities
712110.......................           Museums            70,539             1,377             1,184  2,589
712120.......................  Historical Sites             7,394               234               167    271
713950.......................   Bowling Centers            73,206             2,721             2,052  1,251
713990.......................         All Other               241               192               191      4
                                  Amusement and
                                     Recreation
                                     Industries
722310.......................      Food Service           403,073            19,247               853  14,347
                                    Contractors
722320.......................          Caterers           107,221             3,132             2,949  3,817
812921.......................    Photofinishing            16,977               429               324    560
                                   Laboratories
                                   (except One-
                                          Hour)
812922.......................          One-Hour             1,457               172                82     48
                                 Photofinishing
812990.......................         All Other            23,820               897               712    306
                                       Personal
                                       Services
                                                ----------------------------------------------------------------
    Total....................  ................         5,343,199           198,763            88,040  173,233
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.
Source: 2006 County Business Patterns: http://www2.census.gov/econ/susb/data/2006/us_6digitnaics_2006.xls.
Source: 2006 Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Survey of Occupational Injuries and
  Illnesses, in cooperation with participating State agencies. http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/os/osnr0028.pdf.

                        III-2A--Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Partially Exempt From Keeping Records
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Estimated
                 NAICS Code                          Title of NAICS Code              Affected          Affected       Affected firms     injuries and
                                                                                employment      establishments                         illnesses
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
441210.....................................  Recreational Vehicle Dealers.......            36,713             1,287               996             1,722
441221.....................................  Motorcycle Dealers.................             4,344               174               151               202
441222.....................................  Boat Dealers.......................            29,649             1,897             1,048             1,379
441229.....................................  All Other Motor Vehicle Dealers....             9,735               436               398               453
443111.....................................  Household Appliance Stores.........            48,606             2,770             1,490             1,376
443120.....................................  Computer and Software Stores.......            18,296               930               212               162
446120.....................................  Cosmetics, Beauty Supplies, and                 2,830               294                21                42
                                              Perfume Stores.
446199.....................................  All Other Health and Personal Care             12,790             1,146               404               202
                                              Stores.
447110.....................................  Gasoline Stations with Convenience            128,972            12,220             2,575             3,634
                                              Stores.
451130.....................................  Sewing, Needlework, and Piece Goods             1,271                65                16                37
                                              Stores.
453210.....................................  Office Supplies and Stationery                 98,855             4,626               873             2,160
                                              Stores.
481211.....................................  Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger               28,094               524               422               636
                                              Air Transportation.
481212.....................................  Nonscheduled Chartered Freight Air              5,442                96                70               123
                                              Transportation.
481219.....................................  Other Nonscheduled Air                          4,271               144                88                97
                                              Transportation.
486110.....................................  Pipeline Transportation of Crude                7,472               352                35               175
                                              Oil.
486210.....................................  Pipeline Transportation of Natural             22,080             1,303                68               510
                                              Gas.
486910.....................................  Pipeline Transportation of Refined              8,661               827                38               202
                                              Petroleum Products.
486990.....................................  All Other Pipeline Transportation..               687                54                13                16
487990.....................................  Scenic and Sightseeing                          2,155                45                39                80
                                              Transportation, Other.
488510.....................................  Freight Transportation Arrangement.           166,549             7,126             2,709             3,045

511110.....................................  Newspaper Publishers...............           358,841             4,969             1,945            11,451
511120.....................................  Periodical Publishers..............           148,126             3,515             1,651             2,186
511130.....................................  Book Publishers....................            77,645             1,044               755               957
511140.....................................  Directory and Mailing List                     47,569               948               306               958
                                              Publishers.
511191.....................................  Greeting Card Publishers...........            10,756                49                33               236
511199.....................................  All Other Publishers...............            11,275               387               206               248
512210.....................................  Record Production..................               947                33                29                 5
512220.....................................  Integrated Record Production/                   7,492               142                56               174
                                              Distribution.
512230.....................................  Music Publishers...................             3,181                78                56                15
512290.....................................  Other Sound Recording Industries...             2,439               173                56                12
515111.....................................  Radio Networks.....................            10,868               426               199               729
515112.....................................  Radio Stations.....................           106,849             5,003             1,408             1,968
515120.....................................  Television Broadcasting............           133,807             1,756               477             2,234
517211.....................................  Paging.............................             4,020               258                68                39
517212.....................................  Cellular and Other Wireless                   232,223             9,829               462             2,235
                                              Telecommunications.
517310.....................................  Telecommunications Resellers.......            27,652               800               533               499
517910.....................................  Other Telecommunications...........             9,365               204               104               191
518112.....................................  Web Search Portals.................            20,957               210               157               174
519190.....................................  All Other Information Services.....            10,406               211                96               164
522120.....................................  Savings Institutions...............            81,130             5,063               356               640
522293.....................................  International Trade Financing......             4,727                32                 8                15
523999.....................................  Miscellaneous Financial Investment              8,158               115                77                19
                                              Activities.
524130.....................................  Reinsurance Carriers...............             8,946               251                55                63
525910.....................................  Open-End Investment Funds..........             3,356                89                44                14
525930.....................................  Real Estate Investment Trusts......            16,912               835               181               115
541320.....................................  Landscape Architectural Services...            28,061             1,058               940               446
541360.....................................  Geophysical Surveying and Mapping               3,891                86                68                62
                                              Services.
541612.....................................  Human Resources and Executive                  78,223             1,566               878               427
                                              Search Consulting Services.
541614.....................................  Process, Physical Distribution, and             1,141                47                16                 6
                                              Logistics Consulting Services.
541618.....................................  Other Management Consulting                     1,201                38                33                 7
                                              Services.
541890.....................................  Other Services Related to                      48,061             1,096               764               691
                                              Advertising.
551114.....................................  Insurance and Employee Benefit              1,015,532            14,229             6,983            20,526
                                              Funds.
561421.....................................  Pension Funds......................            32,711               645               501               347
561440.....................................  Health and Welfare Funds...........           133,744             2,291             1,671             1,522
561510.....................................  Travel Agencies....................           100,249             5,621             1,328               373
561520.....................................  Tour Operators.....................            22,872               662               500               155
561599.....................................  All Other Travel Arrangement and               44,278               823               227               857
                                              Reservation Services.
561622.....................................  Locksmiths.........................             6,361               386               332               148
611620.....................................  Sports and Recreation Instruction..            49,500             2,142             1,961               372
721310.....................................  Rooming and Boarding Houses........             6,313               350               280                60
811211.....................................  Consumer Electronics Repair and                11,779               380               267               225
                                              Maintenance.
811212.....................................  Computer and Office Machine Repair              4,814               136                74                92
                                              and Maintenance.
811213.....................................  Communication Equipment Repair and             13,015               479               313               248
                                              Maintenance.
811219.....................................  Other Electronic and Precision                 32,181             1,052               528               614
                                              Equipment Repair and Maintenance.
811411.....................................  Home and Garden Equipment Repair                2,165               146               111                59
                                              and Maintenance.
811412.....................................  Appliance Repair and Maintenance...            22,039               883               375               602
811430.....................................  Footwear and Leather Goods Repair..                43                 5                 2                 1
811490.....................................  Other Personal and Household Goods             18,334             1,096               658               501
                                              Repair and Maintenance.
812220.....................................  Cemeteries and Crematories.........            24,515             1,730               551               606
813410.....................................  Civic and Social Organizations.....           131,301             4,233             3,141             2,473
813930.....................................  Labor Unions and Similar Labor                137,786             5,145             4,307             2,595
                                              Organizations.
813940.....................................  Political Organizations............            10,270               345               341               193
                                                                                -----------------------------------------------------------------------
  Totals...................................  ...................................         3,960,772           119,374            48,123            75,787
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis.
\1\ Source: 2006 County Business Patterns: http://www2.census.gov/econ/susb/data/2006/us_6digitnaics_2006.xls.
\2\ Source: 2006 Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating
  State agencies. http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/osh/os/osnr0028.pdf.

                  Table III-3A--Annualized Costs to Industries That Include Establishments That Would Be Newly Required To Keep Records
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                                                                                Complete log
                                                                                Relearning         Complete,       entries, mark    Total costs to
                                           NAICS Industry         Learning new      recordkeeping      certify and     privacy issues      industries
             NAICS Code                      description          recordkeeping     system due to    post OSHA Form      and provide     newly required
                                                                     system           turnover            300A            employees     to keep  records
                                                                                access
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
311811..............................  Retail Bakeries.........           $11,014           $15,471           $75,037            $8,683          $110,205
441110..............................  New Car Dealers.........           113,852           159,930           775,661           729,910         1,779,353
441120..............................  Used Car Dealers........            19,264            27,061           131,244            15,462           193,031
441310..............................  Automotive Parts and                 2,430             3,413            16,553             3,108            25,503
                                       Accessories Stores.
444130..............................  Hardware Stores.........           121,482           170,648           827,643           282,648         1,402,421
445210..............................  Meat Markets............             7,126            10,010            48,549             6,856            72,540
445220..............................  Fish and Seafood Markets               252               354             1,715               312             2,632
445291..............................  Baked Goods Stores......            12,159            17,080            82,839            11,504           123,583
445292..............................  Confectionery and Nut                8,985            12,622            61,216             7,576            90,399
                                       Stores.
445299..............................  All Other Specialty Food            13,315            18,703            90,712            15,734           138,464
                                       Stores.