--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a.......................  Visual System Response Time: (Choose either test 4.a.1. or 4.a.2. to satisfy test 4.a.,       ...  ...  ....................
                             Visual System Response Time Test. This test is also sufficient for flight deck instrument
                             response timing.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a.1.....................  Latency.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   150 ms (or less)      Takeoff, climb, and   One test is required  ...  ...   X
                                                    after helicopter      descent.              in each axis
                                                    response.                                   (pitch, roll and
                                                                                yaw) for each of
                                                                                the three
                                                                                conditions (take-
                                                                                off, cruise, and
                                                                                approach or
                                                                                landing).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a.2.....................  Transport Delay.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                   150 ms (or less)      N/A.................  A separate test is    ...  ...   X
                                                    after controller                            required in each
                                                    movement.                                   axis (pitch, roll,
                                                                                and yaw).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b.......................  Field-of-view.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b.1.....................  Reserved.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b.2.....................  Continuous visual      Minimum continuous    N/A.................  An SOC is required    ...  ...   X   Horizontal field-of-
                             field-of-view.         field-of-view                               and must explain                     view is centered on
                                                    providing 146[deg]                          the geometry of the                  the zero degree
                                                    horizontal and                              installation.                        azimuth line
                                                    36[deg] vertical                            Horizontal field-of-                 relative to the
                                                    field-of-view for                           view must not be                     aircraft fuselage.
                                                    each pilot                                  less than a total
                                                    simultaneously and                          of 146[deg]
                                                    any geometric error                         (including not less
                                                    between the Image                           than 73[deg]
                                                    Generator eye point                         measured either
                                                    and the pilot eye                           side of the center
                                                    point is 8[deg] or                          of the design eye
                                                    less.                                       point). Additional
                                                                                horizontal field-of-
                                                                                view capability may
                                                                                be added at the
                                                                                sponsor's
                                                                                discretion provided
                                                                                the minimum field-
                                                                                of-view is
                                                                                retained. Vertical
                                                                                field-of-view: Not
                                                                                less than a total
                                                                                of 36[deg] measured
                                                                                from the pilot's
                                                                                and co-pilot's eye
                                                                                point.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b.3.....................  Reserved.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.......................  Surface contrast       Not less than 5:1...  N/A.................   The ratio is         ...  ...   X   Measurements may be
                             ratio.                                                             calculated by                        made using a 1[deg]
                                                                                dividing the                         spot photometer and
                                                                                brightness level of                  a raster drawn test
                                                                                the center, bright                   pattern filling the
                                                                                square (providing                    entire visual scene
                                                                                at least 2 foot-                     (all channels) with
                                                                                lamberts or 7 cd/                    a test pattern of
                                                                                m\2\) by the                         black and white
                                                                                brightness level of                  squares, 5 per
                                                                                any adjacent dark                    square, with a
                                                                                square.                              white square in the
                                                                                center of each
                                                                                channel. During
                                                                                contrast ratio
                                                                                testing, simulator
                                                                                aft-cab and flight
                                                                                deck ambient light
                                                                                levels should be
                                                                                zero.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.d.......................  Highlight brightness.  Not less than three   N/A.................  Measure the           ...  ...   X   Measurements may be
                                                    (3) foot-lamberts                           brightness of the                    made using a 1[deg]
                                                    (10 cd/m\2\).                               center white square                  spot photometer and
                                                                                while superimposing                  a raster drawn test
                                                                                a highlight on that                  pattern filling the
                                                                                white square. The                    entire visual scene
                                                                                use of calligraphic                  (all channels) with
                                                                                capabilities to                      a test pattern of
                                                                                enhance the raster                   black and white
                                                                                brightness is                        squares, 5 per
                                                                                acceptable, but                      square, with a
                                                                                measuring light                      white square in the
                                                                                points is not                        center of each
                                                                                acceptable.                          channel.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.......................  Surface resolution...  Not greater than two  N/A.................  An SOC is required    ...  ...   X   When the eye is
                                                    (2) arc minutes.                            and must include                     positioned on a
                                                                                the relevant                         3[deg] glide slope
                                                                                calculations.                        at the slant range
                                                                                distances indicated
                                                                                with white runway
                                                                                markings on a black
                                                                                runway surface, the
                                                                                eye will subtend
                                                                                two (2) arc
                                                                                minutes: (1) A
                                                                                slant range of
                                                                                6,876 ft with
                                                                                stripes 150 ft long
                                                                                and 16 ft wide,
                                                                                spaced 4 ft apart.
                                                                                (2) For
                                                                                Configuration A; a
                                                                                slant range of
                                                                                5,157 feet with
                                                                                stripes 150 ft long
                                                                                and 12 ft wide,
                                                                                spaced 3 ft apart.
                                                                                (3) For
                                                                                Configuration B; a
                                                                                slant range of
                                                                                9,884 feet, with
                                                                                stripes 150 ft long
                                                                                and 5.75 ft wide,
                                                                                spaced 5.75 ft
                                                                                apart.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.......................  Light point size.....  Not greater than      N/A.................  An SOC is required    ...  ...   X   Light point size may
                                                    five (5) arc-                               and must include                     be measured using a
                                                    minutes.                                    the relevant                         test pattern
                                                                                calculations.                        consisting of a
                                                                                centrally located
                                                                                single row of light
                                                                                points reduced in
                                                                                length until
                                                                                modulation is just
                                                                                discernible in each
                                                                                visual channel. A
                                                                                row of 48 lights
                                                                                will form a 4[deg]
                                                                                angle or less.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.g.......................  Light point contrast   ....................  ....................  ....................  ...  ...  ...  A 1[deg] spot
                             ratio.                                                                                photometer may be
                                                                                used to measure a
                                                                                square of at least
                                                                                1[deg] filled with
                                                                                light points (where
                                                                                light point
                                                                                modulation is just
                                                                                discernible) and
                                                                                compare the results
                                                                                to the measured
                                                                                adjacent
                                                                                background. During
                                                                                contrast ratio
                                                                                testing, simulator
                                                                                aft-cab and flight
                                                                                deck ambient light
                                                                                levels should be
                                                                                zero.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.g.1.....................  Reserved.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.g.2.....................  .....................  Not less than 25:1..  N/A.................  An SOC is required    ...  ...   X
                                                                                and must include
                                                                                the relevant
                                                                                calculations.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.h.......................  Visual ground segment.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                   The visible segment   Landing               The QTG must contain  ...  ...   X   Pre-position for
                                                    in the simulator      configuration,        relevant                             this test is
                                                    must be within 20%    trimmed for           calculations and a                   encouraged, but may
                                                    of the segment        appropriate           drawing showing the                  be achieved via
                                                    computed to be        airspeed, at 100 ft   data used to                         manual or autopilot
                                                    visible from the      (30m) above the       establish the                        control to the
                                                    helicopter flight     touchdown zone, on    helicopter location                  desired position.
                                                    deck. The             glide slope with an   and the segment of
                                                    tolerance(s) may be   RVR value set at      the ground that is
                                                    applied at either     1,200 ft (350m).      visible considering
                                                    end or at both ends                         design eyepoint,
                                                    of the displayed                            helicopter
                                                    segment. However,                           attitude, flight
                                                    lights and ground                           deck cut-off angle,
                                                    objects computed to                         and a visibility of
                                                    be visible from the                         1200 ft (350 m)
                                                    helicopter flight                           RVR. Simulator
                                                    deck at the near                            performance must be
                                                    end of the visible                          measured against
                                                    segment must be                             the QTG
                                                    visible in the                              calculations. The
                                                    simulator.                                  data submitted must
                                                                                include at least
                                                                                the following: (1)
                                                                                Static helicopter
                                                                                dimensions as
                                                                                follows: (i)
                                                                                Horizontal and
                                                                                vertical distance
                                                                                from main landing
                                                                                gear (MLG) to
                                                                                glideslope
                                                                                reception antenna.
                                                                                (ii) Horizontal and
                                                                                vertical distance
                                                                                from MLG to pilot's
                                                                                eyepoint. (iii)
                                                                                Static flight deck
                                                                                cutoff angle. (2)
                                                                                Approach data as
                                                                                follows: (i)
                                                                                Identification of
                                                                                runway. (ii)
                                                                                Horizontal distance
                                                                                from runway
                                                                                threshold to
                                                                                glideslope
                                                                                intercept with
                                                                                runway. (iii)
                                                                                Glideslope angle.
                                                                                (iv) Helicopter
                                                                                pitch angle on
                                                                                approach. (3)
                                                                                Helicopter data for
                                                                                manual testing: (i)
                                                                                Gross weight. (ii)
                                                                                Helicopter
                                                                                configuration.
                                                                                (iii) Approach
                                                                                airspeed. If non-
                                                                                homogenous fog is
                                                                                used to obscure
                                                                                visibility, the
                                                                                vertical variation
                                                                                in horizontal
                                                                                visibility must be
                                                                                described and be
                                                                                included in the
                                                                                slant range
                                                                                visibility
                                                                                calculation used in
                                                                                the computations.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.                          Reserved
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Begin Information

3. Control Dynamics

    a. The characteristics of a helicopter flight control system
have a major effect on the handling qualities. A significant
consideration in pilot acceptability of a helicopter is the ``feel''
provided through the flight deck controls. Considerable effort is
expended on helicopter feel system design in order to deliver a
system with which pilots will be comfortable and consider the
helicopter desirable to fly. In order for an FTD to be
representative, it too must present the pilot with the proper feel;
that of the respective helicopter. Compliance with this requirement
is determined by comparing a recording of the control feel dynamics
of the FFS to actual helicopter measurements in the hover and cruise
configurations.
    (1) Recordings such as free response to an impulse or step
function are classically used to estimate the dynamic properties of
electromechanical systems. It is only possible to estimate the
dynamic properties as a result of only being able to estimate true
inputs and responses. Therefore, it is imperative that the best
possible data be collected since close matching of the FTD control
loading system to the helicopter systems is essential. Control feel
dynamic tests are described in the Table of Objective Tests in this
appendix. Where accomplished, the free response is measured after a
step or pulse input is used to excite the system.
    (2) For initial and upgrade evaluations, it is required that
control dynamic characteristics be measured at and recorded directly
from the flight deck controls. This procedure is usually
accomplished by measuring the free response of the controls using a
step or pulse input to excite the system. The procedure must be
accomplished in hover, climb, cruise, and autorotation. For
helicopters with irreversible control systems, measurements may be
obtained on the ground. The procedure should be accomplished in the
hover and cruise flight conditions and configurations. Proper pitot-
static inputs (if appropriate) must be provided to represent
airspeeds typical of those encountered in flight.
    (3) It may be shown that for some helicopters, climb, cruise,
and autorotation have like effects. Thus, some tests for one may
suffice for some tests for another. If either or both considerations
apply, engineering validation or helicopter manufacturer rationale
must be submitted as justification for ground tests or for
eliminating a configuration. For FTDs requiring static and dynamic
tests at the controls, special test fixtures will not be required
during initial and upgrade evaluations if the sponsor's QTG shows
both test fixture results and the results of an alternative
approach, such as computer plots which were produced concurrently
and show satisfactory agreement. Repeat of the alternative method
during the initial evaluation satisfies this test requirement.
    b. Control Dynamics Evaluations. The dynamic properties of
control systems are often stated in terms of frequency, damping, and
a number of other classical measurements which can be found in texts
on control systems. In order to establish a consistent means of
validating test results for FTD control loading, criteria are needed
that will clearly define the interpretation of the measurements and
the tolerances to be applied. Criteria are needed for both the
underdamped system and the overdamped system, including the
critically damped case. In the case of an underdamped system with
very light damping, the system may be quantified in terms of
frequency and damping. In critically damped or overdamped systems,
the frequency and damping is not readily measured from a response
time history. Therefore, some other measurement must be used.
    (1) Tests to verify that control feel dynamics represent the
helicopter must show that the dynamic damping cycles (free response
of the control) match that of the helicopter within specified
tolerances. The method of evaluating the response and the tolerance
to be applied are described below for the underdamped and critically
damped cases.
    (a) Underdamped Response. Two measurements are required for the
period, the time to first zero crossing (in case a rate limit is
present) and the subsequent frequency of oscillation. It is
necessary to measure cycles on an individual basis in case there are
nonuniform periods in the response. Each period will be
independently compared to the respective period of the helicopter
control system and, consequently, will enjoy the full tolerance
specified for that period.
    (b) The damping tolerance will be applied to overshoots on an
individual basis. Care must be taken when applying the tolerance to
small overshoots since the significance of such overshoots becomes
questionable. Only those overshoots larger than 5 percent of the
total initial displacement will be considered significant. The
residual band, labeled T(Ad) on Figure 1 of this
attachment is 5 percent of the initial displacement
amplitude, Ad, from the steady state value of the
oscillation. Oscillations within the residual band are considered
insignificant. When comparing simulator data to helicopter data, the
process would begin by overlaying or aligning the simulator and
helicopter steady state values and then comparing amplitudes of
oscillation peaks, the time of the first zero crossing, and
individual periods of oscillation. To be satisfactory, the simulator
must show the same number of significant overshoots to within one
when compared against the helicopter data. The procedure for
evaluating the response is illustrated in Figure 1 of this
attachment.
    (c) Critically Damped and Overdamped Response. Due to the nature
of critically damped responses (no overshoots), the time to reach 90
percent of the steady state (neutral point) value must be the same
as the helicopter within 10 percent. The simulator
response must be critically damped also. Figure 2 of this attachment
illustrates the procedure.
    (d) Special considerations. Control systems that exhibit
characteristics other than classical overdamped or underdamped
responses should meet specified tolerances. In addition, special
consideration should be given to ensure that significant trends are
maintained.
    (2) Tolerances.
    (a) The following summarizes the tolerances, ``T'' for
underdamped systems, and ``n'' is the sequential period of a full
cycle of oscillation. See Figure D2A of this attachment for an
illustration of the referenced measurements.

T(P0) 10% of P0
T(P1) 20% of P1
T(P2) 30% of P2
T(Pn) 10(n+1)% of Pn
T(An) 10% of A1
T(Ad) 5% of Ad = residual band
Significant overshoots First overshoot and 1 subsequent
overshoots

    (b) The following tolerance applies to critically damped and
overdamped systems only. See Figure D2B for an illustration of the
reference measurements:

T(P0) 10% of P0
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY08.053

BILLING CODE 4910-13-C

    c. Alternative method for control dynamics evaluation.
    (1) An alternative means for validating control dynamics for
aircraft with hydraulically powered flight controls and artificial
feel systems is by the measurement of control force and rate of
movement. For each axis of pitch, roll, and yaw, the control must be
forced to its maximum extreme position for the following distinct
rates. These tests are conducted under normal flight and ground
conditions.
    (a) Static test--Slowly move the control so that a full sweep is
achieved within 95-105 seconds. A full sweep is defined as movement
of the controller from neutral to the stop, usually aft or right
stop, then to the opposite stop, then to the neutral position.
    (b) Slow dynamic test--Achieve a full sweep within 8-12 seconds.
    (c) Fast dynamic test--Achieve a full sweep within 3-5 seconds.

    Note: Dynamic sweeps may be limited to forces not exceeding 100
lbs. (44.5 daN).

    (d) Tolerances.
    (i) Static test; see Table D2A, Flight Training Device (FTD)
Objective Tests, Entries 2.a.1., 2.a.2., and 2.a.3.
    (ii) Dynamic test-- 2 lbs (0.9 daN) or
10% on dynamic increment above static test.

End QPS Requirement

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Begin Information

    d. The FAA is open to alternative means that are justified and
appropriate to the application. For example, the method described
here may not apply to all manufacturers' systems and certainly not
to aircraft with reversible control systems. Each case is considered
on its own merit on an ad hoc basis. If the FAA finds that
alternative methods do not result in satisfactory performance, more
conventionally accepted methods will have to be used.

4. For Additional Information on the Following Topics, Please Refer to
Appendix C of This Part, Attachment 2, and the Indicated Paragraph
Within That Attachment

     Additional Information About Flight Simulator
Qualification for New or Derivative Helicopters, paragraph 8.
     Engineering Simulator Validation Data, paragraph 9.
     Validation Test Tolerances, paragraph 11.
     Validation Data Road Map, paragraph 12.
     Acceptance Guidelines for Alternative Avionics,
paragraph 13.
     Transport Delay Testing, paragraph 15.
     Continuing Qualification Evaluation Validation Data
Presentation, paragraph 16.

End Information

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Attachment 3 to Appendix D to Part 60--FLIGHT TRAINING DEVICE (FTD)
SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Begin QPS Requirements

1. Requirements

    a. Except for special use airport models, all airport models
required by this part must be representations of real-world,
operational airports or representations of fictional airports and
must meet the requirements set out in Tables D3B or D3C of this
attachment, as appropriate.
    b. If fictional airports are used, the sponsor must ensure that
navigational aids and all appropriate maps, charts, and other
navigational reference material for the fictional airports (and
surrounding areas as necessary) are compatible, complete, and
accurate with respect to the visual presentation and the airport
model of this fictional airport. An SOC must be submitted that
addresses navigation aid installation and performance and other
criteria (including obstruction clearance protection) for all
instrument approaches to the fictional airports that are available
in the simulator. The SOC must reference and account for information
in the terminal instrument procedures manual and the construction
and availability of the required maps, charts, and other
navigational material. This material must be clearly marked ``for
training purposes only.''
    c. When the simulator is being used by an instructor or
evaluator for purposes of training, checking, or testing under this
chapter, only airport models classified as Class I, Class II, or
Class III may be used by the instructor or evaluator. Detailed
descriptions/definitions of these classifications are found in
Appendix F of this part.
    d. When a person sponsors an FTD maintained by a person other
than a U.S. certificate holder, the sponsor is accountable for that
FTD originally meeting, and continuing to meet, the criteria under
which it was originally qualified and the appropriate Part 60
criteria, including the visual scenes and airport models that may be
used by instructors or evaluators for purposes of training,
checking, or testing under this chapter.
    e. Neither Class II nor Class III airport visual models are
required to appear on the SOQ, and the method used for keeping
instructors and evaluators apprised of the airport models that meet
Class II or Class III requirements on any given simulator is at the
option of the sponsor, but the method used must be available for
review by the TPAA.
    f. When an airport model represents a real world airport and a
permanent change is made to that real world airport (e.g., a new
runway, an extended taxiway, a new lighting system, a runway
closure) without a written extension grant from the NSPM (described
in paragraph 1.g., of this section), an update to that airport model
must be made in accordance with the following time limits:
    (1) For a new airport runway, a runway extension, a new airport
taxiway, a taxiway extension, or a runway/taxiway closure--within 90
days of the opening for use of the new airport runway, runway
extension, new airport taxiway, or taxiway extension; or within 90
days of the closure of the runway or taxiway.
    (2) For a new or modified approach light system--within 45 days
of the activation of the new or modified approach light system.
    (3) For other facility or structural changes on the airport
(e.g., new terminal, relocation of Air Traffic Control Tower)--
within 180 days of the opening of the new or changed facility or
structure.
    g. If a sponsor desires an extension to the time limit for an
update to a visual scene or airport model or has an objection to
what must be updated in the specific airport model requirement, the
sponsor must provide a written extension request to the NPSM stating
the reason for the update delay and a proposed completion date or
provide an explanation for the objection, explaining why the
identified airport change will not have an impact on flight
training, testing, or checking. A copy of this request or objection
must also be sent to the POI/TCPM. The NSPM will send the official
response to the sponsor and a copy to the POI/TCPM; however, if
there is an objection, after consultation with the appropriate POI/
TCPM regarding the training, testing, or checking impact, the NSPM
will send the official response to the sponsor and a copy to the
POI/TCPM.
    h. Examples of situations that may warrant Class--III model
designation by the TPAA include the following:
    (a) Training, testing, or checking on very low visibility
operations, including SMGCS operations.
    (b) Instrument operations training (including instrument
takeoff, departure, arrival, approach, and missed approach training,
testing, or checking) using--
    (i) A specific model that has been geographically ``moved'' to a
different location and aligned with an instrument procedure for
another airport.
    (ii) A model that does not match changes made at the real-world
airport (or landing area for helicopters) being modeled.
    (iii) A model generated with an ``off-board'' or an ``on-board''
model development tool (by providing proper latitude/longitude
reference; correct runway or landing area orientation, length,
width, marking, and lighting information; and appropriate adjacent
taxiway location) to generate a facsimile of a real world airport or
landing area.
    These airport models may be accepted by the TPAA without
individual observation provided the sponsor provides the TPAA with
an acceptable description of the process for determining the
acceptability of a specific airport model, outlines the conditions
under which such an airport model may be used, and adequately
describes what restrictions will be applied to each resulting
airport or landing area model.

End QPS Requirements

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Begin Information

2. Discussion

    a. The subjective tests and the examination of functions provide
a basis for evaluating the capability of the FTD to perform over a
typical utilization period; determining that the FTD satisfactorily
meets the appropriate training/testing/checking objectives and

competently simulates each required maneuver, procedure, or task;
and verifying correct operation of the FTD controls, instruments,
and systems. The items in the list of operations tasks are for FTD
evaluation purposes only. They must not be used to limit or exceed
the authorizations for use of a given level of FTD as found in the
Practical Test Standards or as approved by the TPAA. All items in
the following paragraphs are subject to an examination of function.
    b. The List of Operations Tasks in Table D3A addressing pilot
functions and maneuvers is divided by flight phases. All simulated
helicopter systems functions will be assessed for normal and, where
appropriate, alternate operations. Normal, abnormal, and emergency
operations associated with a flight phase will be assessed during
the evaluation of maneuvers or events within that flight phase.
    c. Systems to be evaluated are listed separately under ``Any
Flight Phase'' to ensure appropriate attention to systems checks.
Operational navigation systems (including inertial navigation
systems, global positioning systems, or other long-range systems)
and the associated electronic display systems will be evaluated if
installed. The NSP pilot will include in his report to the TPAA, the
effect of the system operation and any system limitation.
    d. At the request of the TPAA, the NSP Pilot may assess the FTD
for a special aspect of a sponsor's training program during the
functions and subjective portion of an evaluation. Such an
assessment may include a portion of a specific operation (e.g., a
Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) scenario) or special emphasis
items in the sponsor's training program. Unless directly related to
a requirement for the qualification level, the results of such an
evaluation would not necessarily affect the qualification of the
FTD.
    e. The FAA intends to allow the use of Class III airport models
on a limited basis when the sponsor provides the TPAA (or other
regulatory authority) an appropriate analysis of the skills,
knowledge, and abilities (SKAs) necessary for competent performance
of the tasks in which this particular media element is used. The
analysis should describe the ability of the FTD/visual media to
provide an adequate environment in which the required SKAs are
satisfactorily performed and learned. The analysis should also
include the specific media element, such as the visual scene or
airport model. Additional sources of information on the conduct of
task and capability analysis may be found on the FAA's Advanced
Qualification Program (AQP) Web site at: http://www.faa.gov/
education--research/training/aqp.

End Information

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

     Table D3A.--Table of Functions and Subjective Tests Level 7 FTD
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            QPS requirements
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Entry No.                         Operations tasks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tasks in this table are subject to evaluation if appropriate for the
 helicopter simulated as indicated in the SOQ Configuration List or a
 Level 7 FTD. Items not installed, not functional on the FTD, and not
 appearing on the SOQ Configuration List, are not required to be listed
 as exceptions on the SOQ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Preflight Procedures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.a....................  Preflight Inspection (Flight Deck Only)
                          switches, indicators, systems, and equipment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b....................  APU/Engine start and run-up.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.1..................  Normal start procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.2..................  Alternate start procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.3..................  Abnormal starts and shutdowns (hot start, hung
                          start).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.4..................  Rotor engagement.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.5..................  System checks.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c....................  Taxiing--Ground.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.1..................  Power required to taxi.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.2..................  Brake effectiveness.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.3..................  Ground handling.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.4..................  Abnormal/emergency procedures, for example:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.4.a................  Brake system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.4.b................  Ground resonance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.4.c................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d....................  Taxiing--Hover.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.1..................  Takeoff to a hover.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.2..................  Instrument response.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.2.a................  Engine instruments.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.2.a................  Flight instruments.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.3..................  Hovering turns.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.d.4..................  Hover power checks.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.4.a................  In ground effect (IGE).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.4.b................  Out of ground effect (OGE).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.5..................  Crosswind/tailwind hover.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6..................  Abnormal/emergency procedures:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6.a................  Engine failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6.b................  Fuel governing system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6.c................  Settling with power (OGE).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6.d................  Stability augmentation system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6.e................  Directional control malfunction (including Loss
                          of Tail Rotor Effectiveness, LTE).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.6.f................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.e....................  Pre-takeoff Checks.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Takeoff and Departure Phase
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a....................  Normal and Crosswind Takeoff.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.1..................  From ground.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.2..................  From hover.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.3..................  Running.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.4..................  Crosswind/tailwind.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.5..................  Maximum performance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b....................  Instrument.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.c....................  Powerplant Failure During Takeoff.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.c.1..................  Takeoff with engine failure after critical
                          decision point (CDP).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.d....................  Rejected Takeoff.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.e....................  Instrument Departure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.f....................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Climb
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.a....................  Normal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.b....................  Obstacle clearance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.c....................  Vertical.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.d....................  One engine inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.e....................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Inflight Maneuvers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a....................  Performance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b....................  Flying qualities.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c....................  Turns.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.1..................  Timed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.c.2..................  Normal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.3..................  Steep.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.d....................  Accelerations and decelerations.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e....................  High-speed vibrations.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f....................  Abnormal/emergency procedures, for example:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.1..................  Engine fire.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.2..................  Engine failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.2.a................  Powerplant Failure--Multiengine Helicopters.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.2.b................  Powerplant Failure--Single-Engine Helicopters.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.3..................  Inflight engine shutdown (and restart, if
                          applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.4..................  Fuel governing system failures (e.g., FADEC
                          malfunction).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.5..................  Directional control malfunction.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.6..................  Hydraulic failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.7..................  Stability augmentation system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.8..................  Rotor vibrations.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.9..................  Recovery From Unusual Attitudes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.10.................  Settling with Power.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.g....................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Instrument Procedures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.a....................  Instrument Arrival.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b....................  Holding.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  Precision Instrument Approach.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.1..................  Normal--All engines operating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.2..................  Manually controlled--One or more engines
                          inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3..................  Approach procedures:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.a................  PAR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.b................  GPS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.c................  ILS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.c.1..............  Manual (raw data).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.c.2..............  Autopilot * only.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.c.3..............  Flight director only.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.c.4..............  Autopilot * and flight director (if
                          appropriate) coupled.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3.d................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d....................  Non-precision Instrument Approach.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.1..................  Normal--All engines operating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.2..................  One or more engines inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.d.3..................  Approach procedures:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3.a................  NDB.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3.b................  VOR, RNAV, TACAN, GPS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3.c................  ASR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3.d................  Circling.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3.e................  Helicopter only.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3.f................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.e....................  Missed Approach.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.e.1..................  All engines operating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.e.2..................  One or more engines inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.e.3..................  Stability augmentation system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.e.4..................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Landings and Approaches to Landings
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a....................  Visual Approaches.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.1..................  Normal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.2..................  Steep.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.3..................  Shallow.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.4..................  Crosswind.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b....................  Landings.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.1..................  Normal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.1.a................  Running.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.1.b................  From Hover.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.2..................  Crosswind.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.3..................  Tailwind.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.4..................  One or more engines inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.5..................  Rejected Landing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.6..................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Normal and Abnormal Procedures (any phase of flight)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a....................  Helicopter and powerplant systems operation (as
                          applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.1..................  Anti-icing/deicing systems.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.2..................  Auxiliary powerplant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.3..................  Communications.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.4..................  Electrical system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.5..................  Environmental system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.6..................  Fire detection and suppression.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.7..................  Flight control system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

7.a.8..................  Fuel system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.9..................  Engine oil system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.10.................  Hydraulic system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.11.................  Landing gear.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.12.................  Oxygen.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.13.................  Pneumatic.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.14.................  Powerplant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.15.................  Flight control computers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.16.................  Fly-by-wire controls.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.17.................  Stabilizer.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.18.................  Stability augmentation and control augmentation
                          system(s).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a.19.................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b....................  Flight management and guidance system (as
                          applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.1..................  Airborne radar.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.2..................  Automatic landing aids.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.3..................  Autopilot.*
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.4..................  Collision avoidance system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.5..................  Flight data displays.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.6..................  Flight management computers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.7..................  Head-up displays.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.8..................  Navigation systems.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b.9..................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Emergency Procedures (as applicable)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.a....................  Autorotative Landing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.b....................  Air hazard avoidance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.c....................  Ditching.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.d....................  Emergency evacuation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.e....................  Inflight fire and smoke removal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.f....................  Retreating blade stall recovery.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.g....................  Mast bumping.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.h....................  Loss of tail rotor effectiveness.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.i....................  Other (listed on the SOQ).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Postflight Procedures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.a....................  After-Landing Procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.b....................  Parking and Securing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.b.1..................  Engine and systems operation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

9.b.2..................  Parking brake operation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.b.3..................  Rotor brake operation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9.b.4..................  Abnormal/emergency procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Instructor Operating Station (IOS), as appropriate
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.a...................  Power Switch(es).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.b...................  Helicopter conditions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.b.1.................  Gross weight, center of gravity, fuel loading
                          and allocation, etc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.b.2.................  Helicopter systems status.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.b.3.................  Ground crew functions (e.g., ext. power).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.c...................  Airports.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.c.1.................  Selection.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.c.2.................  Runway selection.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.c.3.................  Preset positions (e.g., ramp, over final
                          approach fix).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.d...................  Environmental controls.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.d.1.................  Temperature.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.d.2.................  Climate conditions (e.g., ice, rain).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.d.3.................  Wind speed and direction.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.e...................  Helicopter system malfunctions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.e.1.................  Insertion/deletion.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.e.2.................  Problem clear.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.f...................  Locks, Freezes, and Repositioning.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.f.1.................  Problem (all) freeze/release.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.f.2.................  Position (geographic) freeze/release.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.f.3.................  Repositioning (locations, freezes, and
                          releases).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.f.4.................  Ground speed control.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.g...................  Sound Controls.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.g.1.................  On/off/adjustment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.h...................  Control Loading System (as applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.h.1.................  On/off/emergency stop.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.i...................  Observer Stations.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.i.1.................  Position.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.i.2.................  Adjustments.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* ``Autopilot'' means attitude retention mode of operation.

 Table D3B.--Table of Functions and Subjective Tests Airport or Landing
       Area Content Requirements for Qualification at Level 7 FTD
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            QPS requirements
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Entry No.                         Operations tasks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table specifies the minimum airport visual model content and
 functionality to qualify an FTD at the indicated level. This table
 applies only to the airport/helicopter landing area scenes required for
 FTD qualification.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......................  Functional test content requirements for Level
                          7 FTDs. The following is the minimum airport/
                          landing area model content requirement to
                          satisfy visual capability tests, and provides
                          suitable visual cues to allow completion of
                          all functions and subjective tests described
                          in this attachment for Level 7 FTDs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.a....................  A minimum of one (1) representative airport and
                          one (1) representative helicopter landing area
                          model. The airport and the helicopter landing
                          area may be contained within the same visual
                          model. If this option is selected, the
                          approach path to the airport runway(s) and the
                          approach path to the helicopter landing area
                          must be different. The model(s) used to meet
                          the following requirements may be demonstrated
                          at either a fictional or a real-world airport
                          or helicopter landing area, but each must be
                          acceptable to the sponsor's TPAA, selectable
                          from the IOS, and listed on the SOQ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b....................  Fidelity of the Visual Scene. The fidelity of
                          the visual scene must be sufficient for the
                          aircrew to visually identify the airport and/
                          or helicopter landing area; determine the
                          position of the simulated helicopter within
                          the visual scene; successfully accomplish take-
                          offs, approaches, and landings; and maneuver
                          around the airport and/or helicopter landing
                          area on the ground, or hover taxi, as
                          necessary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.1..................  For each of the airport/helicopter landing
                          areas described in 1.a., the FTD visual system
                          must be able to provide at least the
                          following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.1.a................  A night and twilight (dusk) environment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.1.b................  A daylight environment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c....................  Runways:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.1..................  Visible runway number.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.2..................  Runway threshold elevations and locations must
                          be modeled to provide sufficient correlation
                          with helicopter systems (e.g., altimeter).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.3..................  Runway surface and markings.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.4..................  Lighting for the runway in use including runway
                          edge and centerline.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.5..................  Lighting, visual approach aid (VASI or PAPI)
                          and approach lighting of appropriate colors.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.c.6..................  Taxiway lights.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d....................  Helicopter landing area.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.1..................  Standard heliport designation (``H'') marking,
                          properly sized and oriented.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.2..................  Perimeter markings for the Touchdown and Lift-
                          Off Area (TLOF) or the Final Approach and
                          Takeoff Area (FATO), as appropriate.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.3..................  Perimeter lighting for the TLOF or the FATO
                          areas, as appropriate.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.d.4..................  Appropriate markings and lighting to allow
                          movement from the runway or helicopter landing
                          area to another part of the landing facility.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2......................  Visual scene management.
                         The following is the minimum visual scene
                          management requirements for a Level 7 FTD.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a....................  Runway and helicopter landing area approach
                          lighting must fade into view appropriately in
                          accordance with the environmental conditions
                          set in the FTD.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b....................  The direction of strobe lights, approach
                          lights, runway edge lights, visual landing
                          aids, runway centerline lights, threshold
                          lights, touchdown zone lights, and TLOF or
                          FATO lights must be replicated.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3......................  Visual feature recognition.
                         The following are the minimum distances at
                          which runway features must be visible.
                          Distances are measured from runway threshold
                          or a helicopter landing area to a helicopter
                          aligned with the runway or helicopter landing
                          area on an extended 3[deg] glide-slope in
                          simulated meteorological conditions. For
                          circling approaches, all tests apply to the
                          runway used for the initial approach and to
                          the runway of intended landing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.a....................  For runways: Runway definition, strobe lights,
                          approach lights, and edge lights from 5 sm (8
                          km) of the threshold.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.b....................  For runways: Centerline lights and taxiway
                          definition from 3 sm (5 km).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.c....................  For runways: Visual Approach Aid lights (VASI
                          or PAPI) from 5 sm (8 km) of the threshold.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.d....................  For runways: Runway threshold lights and
                          touchdown zone from 2 sm (3 km).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.e....................  For runways and helicopter landing areas:
                          Markings within range of landing lights for
                          night/twilight scenes and the surface
                          resolution test on daylight scenes, as
                          required.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.f....................  For circling approaches: The runway of intended
                          landing and associated lighting must fade into
                          view in a non-distracting manner.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.g....................  For helicopter landing areas: Landing direction
                          lights and raised FATO lights from 1 sm (1.5
                          km).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.h....................  For helicopter landing areas: Flush mounted
                          FATO lights, TLOF lights, and the lighted
                          windsock from 0.5 sm (750 m).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4......................  Airport or Helicopter Landing Area Model
                          Content.
                         The following prescribes the minimum
                          requirements for an airport/helicopter landing
                          area visual model and identifies other aspects
                          of the environment that must correspond with
                          that model for a Level 7 FTD. For circling
                          approaches, all tests apply to the runway used
                          for the initial approach and to the runway of
                          intended landing. If all runways or landing
                          areas in a visual model used to meet the
                          requirements of this attachment are not
                          designated as ``in use,'' then the ``in use''
                          runways/landing areas must be listed on the
                          SOQ (e.g., KORD, Rwys 9R, 14L, 22R). Models of
                          airports or helicopter landing areas with more
                          than one runway or landing area must have all
                          significant runways or landing areas not ``in-
                          use'' visually depicted for airport/runway/
                          landing area recognition purposes. The use of
                          white or off white light strings that identify
                          the runway or landing area for twilight and
                          night scenes are acceptable for this
                          requirement; and rectangular surface
                          depictions are acceptable for daylight scenes.
                          A visual system's capabilities must be
                          balanced between providing visual models with
                          an accurate representation of the airport and
                          a realistic representation of the surrounding
                          environment. Each runway or helicopter landing
                          area designated as an ``in-use'' runway or
                          area must include the following detail that is
                          developed using airport pictures, construction
                          drawings and maps, or other similar data, or
                          developed in accordance with published
                          regulatory material; however, this does not
                          require that such models contain details that
                          are beyond the design capability of the
                          currently qualified visual system. Only one
                          ``primary'' taxi route from parking to the
                          runway end or helicopter takeoff/landing area
                          will be required for each ``in-use'' runway or
                          helicopter takeoff/landing area.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a....................  The surface and markings for each ``in-use''
                          runway or helicopter landing area must include
                          the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a.1..................  For airports: Runway threshold markings, runway
                          numbers, touchdown zone markings, fixed
                          distance markings, runway edge markings, and
                          runway centerline stripes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Markings for
                          standard heliport identification (``H'') and
                          TLOF, FATO, and safety areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b....................  The lighting for each ``in-use'' runway or
                          helicopter landing area must include the
                          following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b.1..................  For airports: Runway approach, threshold, edge,
                          end, centerline (if applicable), touchdown
                          zone (if applicable), leadoff, and visual
                          landing aid lights or light systems for that
                          runway.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Landing
                          direction, raised and flush FATO, TLOF,
                          windsock lighting.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c....................  The taxiway surface and markings associated
                          with each ``in-use'' runway or helicopter
                          landing area must include the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.1..................  For airports: Taxiway edge, centerline (if
                          appropriate), runway hold lines, and ILS
                          critical area(s).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Taxiways, taxi
                          routes, and aprons.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.d....................  The taxiway lighting associated with each ``in-
                          use'' runway or helicopter landing area must
                          include the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.d.1..................  For airports: Taxiway edge, centerline (if
                          appropriate), runway hold lines, ILS critical
                          areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.d.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Taxiways, taxi
                          routes, and aprons.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.d.3..................  For airports: Taxiway lighting of correct
                          color.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e....................  Airport signage associated with each ``in-use''
                          runway or helicopter landing area must include
                          the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.1..................  For airports: Signs for runway distance
                          remaining, intersecting runway with taxiway,
                          and intersecting taxiway with taxiway.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: As appropriate
                          for the model used.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f....................  Required visual model correlation with other
                          aspects of the airport or helicopter landing
                          environment simulation:
------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.f.1..................  The airport or helicopter landing area model
                          must be properly aligned with the navigational
                          aids that are associated with operations at
                          the ``in-use'' runway or helicopter landing
                          area.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.f.2..................  The simulation of runway or helicopter landing
                          area contaminants must be correlated with the
                          displayed runway surface and lighting, if
                          applicable.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5......................  Correlation with helicopter and associated
                          equipment.
                         The following are the minimum correlation
                          comparisons that must be made for a Level 7
                          FTD.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.a....................  Visual system compatibility with aerodynamic
                          programming.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b....................  Visual cues to assess sink rate and depth
                          perception during landings.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  Accurate portrayal of environment relating to
                          FTD attitudes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d....................  The visual scene must correlate with integrated
                          helicopter systems, where installed (e.g.,
                          terrain, traffic and weather avoidance systems
                          and Head-up Guidance System (HGS)).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.e....................  Representative visual effects for each visible,
                          own-ship, helicopter external light(s)--taxi
                          and landing light lobes (including independent
                          operation, if appropriate).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.f....................  The effect of rain removal devices.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6......................  Scene quality.
                         The following are the minimum scene quality
                          tests that must be conducted for a Level 7
                          FTD.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a....................  System light points must be free from
                          distracting jitter, smearing and streaking.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b....................  Demonstration of occulting through each channel
                          of the system in an operational scene.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.c....................  Six discrete light step controls (0-5).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7......................  Special weather representations, which include
                          visibility and RVR, measured in terms of
                          distance.
                         Visibility/RVR checked at 2,000 ft (600 m)
                          above the airport or helicopter landing area
                          and at two heights below 2,000 ft with at
                          least 500 ft of separation between the
                          measurements. The measurements must be taken
                          within a radius of 10 sm (16 km) from the
                          airport or helicopter landing area.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a....................  Effects of fog on airport lighting such as
                          halos and defocus.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b....................  Effect of own-ship lighting in reduced
                          visibility, such as reflected glare, including
                          landing lights, strobes, and beacons.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8......................  Instructor control of the following:
                         The following are the minimum instructor
                          controls that must be available in a Level 7
                          FTD.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.a....................  Environmental effects: E.g., cloud base, cloud
                          effects, cloud density, visibility in statute
                          miles/kilometers and RVR in feet/meters.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.b....................  Airport or helicopter landing area selection.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.c....................  Airport or helicopter landing area lighting,
                          including variable intensity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.d....................  Dynamic effects including ground and flight
                          traffic.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           End QPS Requirement
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Begin Information
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9......................  An example of being able to combine two airport
                          models to achieve two ``in-use'' runways: One
                          runway designated as the ``in-use'' runway in
                          the first model of the airport, and the second
                          runway designated as the ``in-use'' runway in
                          the second model of the same airport. For
                          example, the clearance is for the ILS approach
                          to Runway 27, Circle to Land on Runway 18
                          right. Two airport visual models might be
                          used: The first with Runway 27 designated as
                          the ``in use'' runway for the approach to
                          runway 27, and the second with Runway 18 Right
                          designated as the ``in use'' runway. When the
                          pilot breaks off the ILS approach to runway
                          27, the instructor may change to the second
                          airport visual model in which runway 18 Right
                          is designated as the ``in use'' runway, and
                          the pilot would make a visual approach and
                          landing. This process is acceptable to the FAA
                          as long as the temporary interruption due to
                          the visual model change is not distracting to
                          the pilot.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.....................  Sponsors are not required to provide every
                          detail of a runway, but the detail that is
                          provided should be correct within reasonable
                          limits.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             End Information
------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Table D3C.--Table of Functions and Subjective Tests Level 7 FTD Visual
    Requirements Additional Visual Models Beyond Minimum Required for
    Qualification Class II Airport or Helicopter Landing Area Models
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            QPS requirements
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Entry No.                         Operations tasks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This table specifies the minimum airport or helicopter landing area
 visual model content and functionality necessary to add visual models
 to an FTD's visual model library (i.e., beyond those necessary for
 qualification at the stated level) without the necessity of further
 involvement of the NSPM or TPAA.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......................  Visual scene management.
                         The following is the minimum visual scene
                          management requirements.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.a....................  The installation and direction of the following
                          lights must be replicated for the ``in-use''
                          surface:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.a.1..................  For ``in-use'' runways: Strobe lights, approach
                          lights, runway edge lights, visual landing
                          aids, runway centerline lights, threshold
                          lights, and touchdown zone lights.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.a.2..................  For ``in-use'' helicopter landing areas: Ground
                          level TLOF perimeter lights, elevated TLOF
                          perimeter lights (if applicable), Optional
                          TLOF lights (if applicable), ground FATO
                          perimeter lights, elevated TLOF lights (if
                          applicable), landing direction lights.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2......................  Visual feature recognition.
                         The following are the minimum distances at
                          which runway or landing area features must be
                          visible. Distances are measured from runway
                          threshold or a helicopter landing area to an
                          aircraft aligned with the runway or helicopter
                          landing area on a 3[deg] glide-slope from the
                          aircraft to the touchdown point, in simulated
                          meteorological conditions. For circling
                          approaches, all tests apply to the runway used
                          for the initial approach and to the runway of
                          intended landing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a....................  For Runways.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.1..................  Strobe lights, approach lights, and edge lights
                          from 5 sm (8 km) of the threshold.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.2..................  Centerline lights and taxiway definition from 3
                          sm (5 km).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.3..................  Visual Approach Aid lights (VASI or PAPI) from
                          5 sm (8 km) of the threshold.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.4..................  Threshold lights and touchdown zone lights from
                          2 sm (3 km).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.5..................  Markings within range of landing lights for
                          night/twilight (dusk) scenes and as required
                          by the surface resolution test on daylight
                          scenes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a.6..................  For circling approaches, the runway of intended
                          landing and associated lighting must fade into
                          view in a non-distracting manner.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b....................  For Helicopter landing areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b.1..................  Landing direction lights and raised FATO lights
                          from 2 sm (3 km).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b.2..................  Flush mounted FATO lights, TOFL lights, and the
                          lighted windsock from 1 sm (1500 m).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b.3..................  Hover taxiway lighting (yellow/blue/yellow
                          cylinders) from TOFL area.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b.4..................  Markings within range of landing lights for
                          night/twilight (dusk) scenes and as required
                          by the surface resolution test on daylight
                          scenes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3......................  Airport or Helicopter Landing Area Model
                          Content.
                         The following prescribes the minimum
                          requirements for what must be provided in an
                          airport visual model and identifies other
                          aspects of the airport environment that must
                          correspond with that model. The detail must be
                          developed using airport pictures, construction
                          drawings and maps, or other similar data, or
                          developed in accordance with published
                          regulatory material; however, this does not
                          require that airport or helicopter landing
                          area models contain details that are beyond
                          the designed capability of the currently
                          qualified visual system. For circling
                          approaches, all requirements of this section
                          apply to the runway used for the initial
                          approach and to the runway of intended
                          landing. Only one ``primary'' taxi route from
                          parking to the runway end or helicopter
                          takeoff/landing area will be required for each
                          ``in-use'' runway or helicopter takeoff/
                          landing area.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.a....................  The surface and markings for each ``in-use''
                          runway or helicopter landing area must include
                          the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.a.1..................  For airports: Runway threshold markings, runway
                          numbers, touchdown zone markings, fixed
                          distance markings, runway edge markings, and
                          runway centerline stripes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.a.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Standard heliport
                          marking (``H''), TOFL, FATO, and safety areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.b....................  The lighting for each ``in-use'' runway or
                          helicopter landing area must include the
                          following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.b.1..................  For airports: Runway approach, threshold, edge,
                          end, centerline (if applicable), touchdown
                          zone (if applicable), leadoff, and visual
                          landing aid lights or light systems for that
                          runway.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.b.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Landing
                          direction, raised and flush FATO, TOFL,
                          windsock lighting.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.c....................  The taxiway surface and markings associated
                          with each ``in-use'' runway or helicopter
                          landing area must include the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.c.1..................  For airports: Taxiway edge, centerline (if
                          appropriate), runway hold lines, and ILS
                          critical area(s).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.c.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Taxiways, taxi
                          routes, and aprons.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.d....................  The taxiway lighting associated with each ``in-
                          use'' runway or helicopter landing area must
                          include the following:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.d.1..................  For airports: Runway edge, centerline (if
                          appropriate), runway hold lines, ILS critical
                          areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.d.2..................  For helicopter landing areas: Taxiways, taxi
                          routes, and aprons.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4......................  Required visual model correlation with other
                          aspects of the airport environment simulation.
                         The following are the minimum visual model
                          correlation tests that must be conducted for
                          Level 7 FTD.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a....................  The airport model must be properly aligned with
                          the navigational aids that are associated with
                          operations at the ``in-use'' runway.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b....................  Slopes in runways, taxiways, and ramp areas, if
                          depicted in the visual scene, must not cause
                          distracting or unrealistic effects.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5......................  Correlation with helicopter and associated
                          equipment.
                         The following are the minimum correlation
                          comparisons that must be made.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.a....................  Visual system compatibility with aerodynamic
                          programming.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b....................  Accurate portrayal of environment relating to
                          flight simulator attitudes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  Visual cues to assess sink rate and depth
                          perception during landings.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6......................  Scene quality.
                         The following are the minimum scene quality
                          tests that must be conducted.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a....................  Light points free from distracting jitter,
                          smearing or streaking.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b....................  Surfaces and textural cues free from apparent
                          and distracting quantization (aliasing).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7......................  Instructor controls of the following.
                         The following are the minimum instructor
                          controls that must be available.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a....................  Environmental effects, e.g., cloud base (if
                          used), cloud effects, cloud density,
                          visibility in statute miles/kilometers and RVR
                          in feet/meters.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b....................  Airport/Heliport selection.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.c....................  Airport/Heliport lighting including variable
                          intensity.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.d....................  Dynamic effects including ground and flight
                          traffic.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          End QPS Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            Begin Information
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8......................  Sponsors are not required to provide every
                          detail of a runway or helicopter landing area,
                          but the detail that is provided must be
                          correct within the capabilities of the system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                             End Information
------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Table D3D.--Table of Functions And Subjective Tests Level 6 FTD
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                            QPS requirements
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Entry No.                         Operations tasks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tasks in this table are subject to evaluation if appropriate for the
 helicopter simulated as indicated in the SOQ Configuration List or for
 a Level 6 FTD. Items not installed or not functional on the FTD and not
 appearing on the SOQ Configuration List, are not required to be listed
 as exceptions on the SOQ.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Preflight Procedures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.a....................  Preflight Inspection (Flight Deck Only)
                          switches, indicators, systems, and equipment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b....................  APU/Engine start and run-up.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.1..................  Normal start procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.2..................  Alternate start procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.3..................  Abnormal starts and shutdowns.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.4..................  Rotor engagement.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.b.5..................  System checks.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Takeoff and Departure Phase
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.a....................  Instrument.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.b....................  Takeoff with engine failure after critical
                          decision point (CDP).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Climb
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.a....................  Normal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.b....................  One engine inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Inflight Maneuvers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.a....................  Performance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.b....................  Flying qualities.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c....................  Turns.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.1..................  Timed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.2..................  Normal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.c.3..................  Steep.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.d....................  Accelerations and decelerations.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e....................  Abnormal/emergency procedures:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.1..................  Engine fire.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.2..................  Engine failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.3..................  In-flight engine shutdown (and restart, if
                          applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.4..................  Fuel governing system failures (e.g., FADEC
                          malfunction).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.5..................  Directional control malfunction (restricted to
                          the extent that the maneuver may not terminate
                          in a landing).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.6..................  Hydraulic failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.e.7..................  Stability augmentation system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Instrument Procedures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.a....................  Holding.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b....................  Precision Instrument Approach.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.1..................  All engines operating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.2..................  One or more engines inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.3..................  Approach procedures:
------------------------------------------------------------------------

5.b.4..................  PAR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.5..................  ILS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.6..................  Manual (raw data).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.7..................  Flight director only.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.b.8..................  Autopilot* and flight director (if appropriate)
                          coupled.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  Non-precision Instrument Approach.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  Normal--All engines operating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  One or more engines inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c....................  Approach procedures:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.1..................  NDB.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.2..................  VOR, RNAV, TACAN, GPS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.3..................  ASR.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.c.4..................  Helicopter only.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d....................  Missed Approach.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.1..................  All engines operating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.2..................  One or more engines inoperative.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.d.3..................  Stability augmentation system failure.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Normal and Abnormal Procedures (any phase of flight)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a....................  Helicopter and powerplant systems operation (as
                          applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.1..................  Anti-icing/deicing systems.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.2..................  Auxiliary power-plant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.3..................  Communications.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.4..................  Electrical system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.5..................  Environmental system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.6..................  Fire detection and suppression.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.7..................  Flight control system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.8..................  Fuel system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.9..................  Engine oil system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.10.................  Hydraulic system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.11.................  Landing gear.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.12.................  Oxygen.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.13.................  Pneumatic.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.14.................  Powerplant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.15.................  Flight control computers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.a.16.................  Stability augmentation and control augmentation
                          system(s).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b....................  Flight management and guidance system (as
                          applicable).
------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.b.1..................  Airborne radar.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.2..................  Automatic landing aids.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.3..................  Autopilot.*
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.4..................  Collision avoidance system.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.5..................  Flight data displays.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.6..................  Flight management computers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.b.7..................  Navigation systems.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Postflight Procedures
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.a....................  Parking and Securing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.b....................  Engine and systems operation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.c....................  Parking brake operation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.d....................  Rotor brake operation.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.e....................  Abnormal/emergency procedures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Instructor Operating Station (IOS), as appropriate
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.a....................  Power Switch(es).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.b.1..................  Helicopter conditions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.b.2..................  Gross weight, center of gravity, fuel loading
                          and allocation, etc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.b.3..................  Helicopter systems status.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.b.4..................  Ground crew functions (e.g., ext. power).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.c....................  Airports and landing areas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.c.1..................  Number and selection.