importer's annual sulfur reports filed with EPA for the year.
    (2) Agree the yearly volume of gasoline reported to EPA in the
sulfur reports with the inventory reconciliation analysis under the
attest engagement provisions of Sec.  80.128.
    (3) Calculate the annual average sulfur level for all gasoline and
agree that value with the value reported to EPA.
    (4) Obtain and read a copy of the refinery's or importer's sulfur
credit report.
    (5) Agree the information in the refinery's or importer's batch
reports filed with EPA under Sec. Sec.  80.75 and 80.105, and any
laboratory test results, with the information contained in the annual
sulfur report required under Sec.  80.1652.
    (c) Credit generation before 2017. In the case of a refinery that
generates credits during 2014 through 2016--
    (1) Obtain a written representation from the company representative
stating the refinery produces gasoline from crude oil.
    (2) Obtain the annual average sulfur level from paragraph (b)(3) of
this section.
    (3) Compute and report as a finding the total number of sulfur
credits generated, and agree this value with the value reported to EPA.
    (d) Credit generation in 2017 and thereafter. The following
procedures shall be completed for a refinery or importer that generates
credits in 2017 and thereafter:
    (1) Obtain the annual average sulfur level for gasoline from
paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
    (2) If the sulfur value under paragraph (d)(1) of this section is
less than 10 ppm, compute and report as a finding the difference
between the sulfur level under paragraph (d)(1) of this section and 10
ppm.
    (3) Compute and report as a finding the total number of sulfur
credits generated, and agree this number with the number reported to
EPA.
    (e) Credit purchases and sales. The following attest procedures
shall be completed for a refinery or importer that is a transferor or
transferee of credits during an averaging period:
    (1) Obtain contracts or other documents for all credits transferred
to another refinery or importer during the year being reviewed; compute
and report as a finding the number and year of creation of credits
represented in these documents as being transferred away; and agree
with the report to EPA.
    (2) Obtain contracts or other documents for all credits received
during the year being reviewed; compute and report as a finding the
number and year of creation of credits represented in these documents
as being received; and agree with the report to EPA.
    (f) Credit expiration. A refinery or importer that possesses
credits during an averaging period must obtain a list of

all credits in the refiner's or importer's possession at any time
during the year being reviewed, identified by the year of creation of
the credits.
    (g) Credit reconciliation. The following attest procedures shall be
completed each year credits were in the refiner's or importer's
possession at any time during the year:
    (1) Obtain the credits remaining or the credit deficit from the
previous year from the refiner's or importer's report to EPA for the
previous year.
    (2) Compute and report as a finding the net credits remaining at
the conclusion of the year being reviewed by totaling--
    (i) Credits remaining from the previous year; plus
    (ii) Credits generated under in an averaging period; plus
    (iii) Credits purchased; minus
    (iv) Credits sold; minus
    (v) Credits used; minus
    (vi) Credits expiring; minus
    (vii) Credit deficit from the previous year.
    (3) Agree the credits remaining or the credit deficit at the
conclusion of the year being reviewed with the report to EPA.
    (4) If the refinery or importer had a credit deficit for both the
previous year and the year being reviewed, report this fact as a
finding.

PART 85--CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES

0
49. The authority citation for part 85 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart F--[Amended]

0
50. Section 85.510 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(9) to read as
follows:

Sec.  85.510  Exemption provisions for new and relatively new vehicles/
engines.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (9) OBD requirements. (i) The OBD system must properly detect and
identify malfunctions in all monitored emission-related powertrain
systems or components including any new monitoring capability necessary
to identify potential emission problems associated with the new fuel.
    (ii) Conduct all OBD testing necessary to demonstrate compliance
with 40 CFR 86.010-18 or 86.1806-05.
    (iii) Submit the applicable OBD reporting requirements set forth in
40 CFR part 86, subparts A and S, and submit the following statement of
compliance if the OEM vehicles/engines were required to be OBD-
equipped:
    The test group/engine family converted to an alternative fuel has
fully functional OBD systems and therefore meets the OBD requirements
specified in 40 CFR part 86 when operating on the alternative fuel.
* * * * *
    51. Section 85.515 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(9)(iii) to
read as follows:

Sec.  85.515  Exemption provisions for intermediate age vehicles/
engines.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (9) * * *
    (iii) In addition to conducting OBD testing described in this
paragraph (b)(9), you must submit to EPA the following statement of
compliance if the OEM vehicles/engines were required to be OBD-
equipped:
    The test group/engine family converted to an alternative fuel has
fully functional OBD systems and therefore meets the OBD requirements
specified in 40 CFR part 86 when operating on the alternative fuel.
* * * * *

0
52. Section 85.520 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(4)(iii) to read
as follows:

Sec.  85.520  Exemption provisions for outside useful life vehicles/
engines.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (4) * * *
    (iii) In addition to conducting OBD testing described in this
paragraph (b)(4), you must submit to EPA the following statement of
compliance if the OEM vehicles/engines were required to be OBD-
equipped:
    The test group/engine family converted to an alternative fuel has
fully functional OBD systems and therefore meets the OBD requirements
specified in 40 CFR part 86 when operating on the alternative fuel.
* * * * *

Subpart P--[Amended]

0
53. Section 85.1515 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  85.1515  Emission standards and test procedures applicable to
imported nonconforming motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines.

    (a) Notwithstanding any other requirements of this subpart, any
motor vehicle or motor vehicle engine conditionally imported pursuant
to Sec.  85.1505 or Sec.  85.1509 and required to be emission tested
shall be tested using the FCT at 40 CFR part 86 applicable to current
model year motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines at the time of
testing or reduced testing requirements as follows:
    (1) ICIs are eligible for reduced testing under this paragraph (a)
subject to the following conditions:
    (i) The OEM must have a valid certificate of conformity covering
the vehicle.
    (ii) The vehicle must be in its original configuration as certified
by the OEM. This applies for all emission-related components, including
the electronic control module, engine calibrations, and all
evaporative/refueling control hardware. It also applies for OBD
software and hardware, including all sensors and actuators.
    (iii) The vehicle modified as described in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of
this section must fully comply with all applicable emission standards
and requirements.
    (iv) Vehicles must have the proper OBD systems installed and
operating. When faults are present, the ICI must test and verify the
system's ability to find the faults (such as disconnected components),
set codes, and illuminate the light, and set readiness codes as
appropriate for each vehicle. When no fault is present, the ICI must
verify that after sufficient prep driving (typically one FTP test
cycle), all OBD readiness codes are set and the OBD system does not
indicate a malfunction (i.e., no codes set and no light illuminated).
    (v) The ICI may not modify more than 300 vehicles in any given
model year using reduced testing provisions in this paragraph (a).
    (vi) The ICI must state in the application for certification that
it will meet all the conditions in this paragraph (a)(1).
    (2) The following provisions allow for ICIs to certify vehicles
with reduced testing:
    (i) In addition to the test waivers specified in 40 CFR 86.1829,
you may provide a statement in the application for certification,
supported by engineering analysis, that vehicles comply with any of the
following standards that apply instead of submitting test data:
    (A) Cold temperature CO and NMHC emission standards specified in 40
CFR 86.1811.
    (B) SFTP emission standards specified in 40 CFR 86.1811 and 86.1816
for all pollutants.
    (C) For anything other than diesel-fueled vehicles, PM emission
standards specified in 40 CFR 86.1811 and 86.1816.
    (D) Any running loss, refueling, spitback, bleed emissions, and
leak

standards specified in 40 CFR part 86, subparts A and S.
    (ii) You must perform testing and submit test data as follows to
demonstrate compliance with emission standards:
    (A) Exhaust and fuel economy tests. You must measure emissions over
the FTP driving cycle and the highway fuel economy driving cycle as
specified in 40 CFR 600.109 to meet the fuel economy requirements in 40
CFR part 600 and demonstrate compliance with the exhaust emission
standards in 40 CFR part 86 (other than PM). Measure exhaust emissions
and fuel economy with the same test procedures used by the original
manufacturer to test the vehicle for certification. However, you must
use an electric dynamometer meeting the requirements of Sec.  86.108 or
40 CFR part 1066, subpart B, unless we approve a different dynamometer
based on excessive compliance costs. If you certify based on testing
with a different dynamometer, you must state in the application for
certification that all vehicles in the emission family will comply with
emission standards if tested on an electric dynamometer.
    (B) Evaporative emission test. You may measure evaporative
emissions as specified in this paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(B) to demonstrate
compliance with the evaporative emission standards in 40 CFR part 86
instead of the otherwise specified procedures. Use measurement
equipment for evaporative measurements specified in 40 CFR part 86,
subpart B, except that the evaporative emission enclosure does not need
to accommodate varying ambient temperatures. The evaporative
measurement procedure is integral to the procedure for measuring
exhaust emissions over the FTP driving cycle as described in paragraph
(a)(ii)(2)(A) of this section. Perform canister preconditioning using
the same procedure used by the original manufacturer to certify the
vehicle; perform this canister loading before the initial
preconditioning drive. Perform a diurnal emission test at the end of
the stabilization period before the exhaust emission test by heating
the fuel from 60 to 84[emsp14][deg]F, either by exposing the vehicle to
increasing ambient temperatures or by applying heat directly to the
fuel tank. Measure hot soak emissions as described in 40 CFR 86.138-
96(k). We may approve alternative measurement procedures that are
equivalent to or more stringent than the specified procedures if the
specified procedures are impractical for particular vehicle models or
measurement facilities. The sum of the measured diurnal and hot soak
values must meet the appropriate emission standard as specified in this
section.
    (b) The emission standards applicable to nonconforming light-duty
vehicles and light-duty trucks imported pursuant to this subpart are
outlined in tables 1 and 2 of this section, respectively. The useful
life as specified in tables 1 and 2 of this section is applicable to
imported light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks, respectively.
    (c)(1) Nonconforming motor vehicles or motor vehicle engines of
1994 OP year and later conditionally imported pursuant to Sec.  85.1505
or Sec.  85.1509 shall meet all of the emission standards specified in
40 CFR part 86 for the OP year of the vehicle or motor vehicle engine.
The useful life specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the OP year of the
motor vehicle or motor vehicle engine is applicable where useful life
is not designated in this subpart.
    (2)(i) Nonconforming light-duty vehicles and light light-duty
trucks (LDV/LLDTs) originally manufactured in OP years 2004, 2005 or
2006 must meet the FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 9 in Tables
S04-1 and S04-2 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04 and the evaporative emission
standards for light-duty vehicles and light light-duty trucks specified
in 40 CFR 86.1811-01(e)(5).
    (ii) Nonconforming LDT3s and LDT4s (HLDTs) and medium-duty
passenger vehicles (MDPVs) originally manufactured in OP years 2004
through 2006 must meet the FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 10 in
Tables S04-1 and S04-2 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04 and the applicable
evaporative emission standards specified in 40 CFR 86.1811-04(e)(5).
For 2004 OP year HLDTs and MDPVs where modifications commence on the
first vehicle of a test group before December 21, 2003, this
requirement does not apply to the 2004 OP year. ICIs opting to bring
all of their 2004 OP year HLDTs and MDPVs into compliance with the
exhaust emission standards of bin 10 in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 in 40
CFR 86.1811-04, may use the optional higher NMOG values for their 2004-
2006 OP year LDT2s and 2004-2008 LDT4s.
    (iii) Nonconforming LDT3s and LDT4s (HLDTs) and medium-duty
passenger vehicles (MDPVs) originally manufactured in OP years 2007 and
2008 must meet the FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 8 in Tables
S04-1 and S04-2 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04 and the applicable evaporative
standards specified in 40 CFR 86.1811-04(e)(5).
    (iv) Nonconforming LDV/LLDTs originally manufactured in OP years
2007 through 2021 and nonconforming HLDTs and MDPVs originally
manufactured in OP year 2009 through 2021 must meet the FTP exhaust
emission standards of bin 5 in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 in 40 CFR
86.1811-04, and the evaporative standards specified in 40 CFR 86.1811-
04(e)(1) through (4).
    (v) ICIs are exempt from the Tier 2 and the interim non-Tier2
phase-in intermediate percentage requirements for exhaust, evaporative,
and refueling emissions described in 40 CFR 86.1811-04.
    (vi) In cases where multiple standards exist in a given model year
in 40 CFR part 86 due to phase-in requirements of new standards, the
applicable standards for motor vehicle engines required to be certified
to engine-based standards are the least stringent standards applicable
to the engine type for the OP year.
    (vii) Nonconforming LDV/LLDTs originally manufactured in OP years
2009 through 2021 must meet the evaporative emission standards in Table
S09-1 in 40 CFR 86.1811-09(e). However, LDV/LLDTs originally
manufactured in OP years 2009 and 2010 and imported by ICIs who qualify
as small-volume manufacturers as defined in 40 CFR 86.1838-01 are
exempt from the LDV/LLDT evaporative emission standards in Table S09-1
in 40 CFR 86.1811-09(e), but must comply with the Tier 2 evaporative
emission standards in Table S04-3 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04(e).
    (viii) Nonconforming HLDTs and MDPVs originally manufactured in OP
years 2010 through 2021 must meet the evaporative emission standards in
Table S09-1 in 40 CFR 86.1811-09(e). However, HLDTs and MDPVs
originally manufactured in OP years 2010 and 2011 and imported by ICIs,
who qualify as small-volume manufacturers as defined in 40 CFR 86.1838-
01, are exempt from the HLDTs and MDPVs evaporative emission standards
in Table S09-1 in 40 CFR 86.1811-09(e), but must comply with the Tier 2
evaporative emission standards in Table S04-3 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04(e).
    (ix) Nonconforming LDVs, LDTs, MDPVs, and complete heavy-duty
vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR originally manufactured in OP
years 2022 and later must meet the Tier 3 exhaust and evaporative
emission standards in 40 CFR 86.1811-17, 86.1813-17, and 86.1816-18.
    (3)(i) As an option to the requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this
section, independent commercial importers may elect to meet lower bins
in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 of 40 CFR 86.1811-04 than specified in
paragraph (c)(2) of this section and bank or sell NOX
credits as permitted in 40 CFR 86.1860-04 and 40

CFR 86.1861-04. An ICI may not meet higher bins in Tables S04-1 and
S04-2 of 40 CFR 86.1811-04 than specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this
section unless it demonstrates to the Administrator at the time of
certification that it has obtained appropriate and sufficient
NOX credits from another manufacturer, or has generated them
in a previous model year or in the current model year and not
transferred them to another manufacturer or used them to address other
vehicles as permitted in 40 CFR 86.1860-04 and 40 CFR 86.1861-04.
    (ii) Where an ICI desires to obtain a certificate of conformity
using a bin higher than specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section,
but does not have sufficient credits to cover vehicles produced under
such certificate, the Administrator may issue such certificate if the
ICI has also obtained a certificate of conformity for vehicles
certified using a bin lower than that required under paragraph (c)(2)
of this section. The ICI may then produce vehicles to the higher bin
only to the extent that it has generated sufficient credits from
vehicles certified to the lower bin during the same model year.
    (4) [Reserved]
    (5) Except for the situation where an ICI desires to bank, sell or
use NOX credits as described in paragraph (c)(3) of this
section, the requirements of 40 CFR 86.1811-04 related to fleet average
NOX standards and requirements to comply with such standards
do not apply to vehicles modified under this subpart.
    (6) ICIs using bins higher than those specified in paragraph (c)(2)
of this section must monitor their production so that they do not
produce more vehicles certified to the standards of such bins than
their available credits can cover. ICIs must not have a credit deficit
at the end of a model year and are not permitted to use the deficit
carryforward provisions provided in 40 CFR 86.1860-04(e).
    (7) The Administrator may condition the certificates of conformity
issued to ICIs as necessary to ensure that vehicles subject to
paragraph (c) of this section comply with the appropriate average
NOX standard for each model year.
    (8)(i) Nonconforming LDV/LLDTs originally manufactured in OP years
2010 and later must meet the cold temperature NHMC emission standards
in Table S10-1 in 40 CFR 86.1811-10(g).
    (ii) Nonconforming HLDTs and MDPVs originally manufactured in OP
years 2012 and later must meet the cold temperature NHMC emission
standards in Table S10-1 in 40 CFR 86.1811-10(g).
    (iii) ICIs, which qualify as small-volume manufacturers, are exempt
from the cold temperature NMHC phase-in intermediate percentage
requirements described in 40 CFR 86.1811-10(g)(3). See 40 CFR 86.1811-
04(k)(5)(vi) and (vii).
    (iv) As an alternative to the requirements of paragraphs (c)(8)(i)
and (ii) of this section, ICIs may elect to meet a cold temperature
NMHC family emission level below the cold temperature NMHC fleet
average standards specified in Table S10-1 of 40 CFR 86.1811-10 and
bank or sell credits as permitted in 40 CFR 86.1864-10. An ICI may not
meet a higher cold temperature NMHC family emission level than the
fleet average standards in Table S10-1 of 40 CFR 86.1811-10 as
specified in paragraphs (c)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section, unless it
demonstrates to the Administrator at the time of certification that it
has obtained appropriate and sufficient NMHC credits from another
manufacturer, or has generated them in a previous model year or in the
current model year and not traded them to another manufacturer or used
them to address other vehicles as permitted in 40 CFR 86.1864-10.
    (v) Where an ICI desires to obtain a certificate of conformity
using a higher cold temperature NMHC family emission level than
specified in paragraphs (c)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section, but does
not have sufficient credits to cover vehicles imported under such
certificate, the Administrator may issue such certificate if the ICI
has also obtained a certificate of conformity for vehicles certified
using a cold temperature NMHC family emission level lower than that
required under paragraphs (c)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section. The ICI
may then import vehicles to the higher cold temperature NMHC family
emission level only to the extent that it has generated sufficient
credits from vehicles certified to a family emission level lower than
the cold temperature NMHC fleet average standard during the same model
year.
    (vi) ICIs using cold temperature NMHC family emission levels higher
than the cold temperature NMHC fleet average standards specified in
paragraphs (c)(8)(i) and (ii) of this section must monitor their
imports so that they do not import more vehicles certified to such
family emission levels than their available credits can cover. ICIs
must not have a credit deficit at the end of a model year and are not
permitted to use the deficit carryforward provisions provided in 40 CFR
86.1864-10.
    (vii) The Administrator may condition the certificates of
conformity issued to ICIs as necessary to ensure that vehicles subject
to this paragraph (c)(8) comply with the applicable cold temperature
NMHC fleet average standard for each model year.
    (d) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, ICI's must
not participate in emission-related programs for emissions averaging,
banking and trading, or nonconformance penalties.

                        Table 1 to Sec.   85.1515--Emission Standards Applicable to Imported Light-Duty Motor Vehicles\1\ \2\ \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                             Oxides of            Diesel          Evaporative      Useful life  (years/
            OP Year                  Hydrocarbon       Carbon monoxide        nitrogen         particulate        hydrocarbon             miles)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1968-1976......................  1.5 gpm...........  15 gpm............  3.1 gpm..........  .................  6.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1977-1979......................  1.5 gpm...........  15 gpm............  2.0 gpm..........  .................  6.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1980...........................  0.41 gpm..........  7.0 gpm...........  2.0 gpm..........  .................  6.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1981...........................  0.41 gpm..........  3.4 gpm...........  1.0 gpm..........  .................  2.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1982-1986......................  0.41 gpm..........  3.4 gpm...........  1.0 gpm..........  0.60 gpm.........  2.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1987-1993......................  0.41 gpm..........  3.4 gpm...........  1.0 gpm..........  0.20 gpm.........  2.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1994 and later.................  (\4\).............  (\4\).............  (\4\)............  (\4\)............  (\4\)............  (\4\)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Diesel particulate standards apply only to diesel fueled light-duty vehicles. Evaporative hydrocarbon standards apply only to non-diesel fueled
  light-duty vehicles. For alternative fueled light-duty vehicles, the evaporative hydrocarbon standard is interpreted as organic material hydrocarbon
  equivalent grams carbon per test, as applicable.
\2\ No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient atmosphere from any non-diesel fueled light-duty vehicle.
\3\ All light-duty vehicles shall meet the applicable emission standards at both low and high-altitudes according to the procedures specified in 40 CFR
  part 86 for current model year motor vehicles at the time of testing.
\4\ Specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the OP year of the vehicle, as described in paragraph (c) of this section.

                        Table 2 to Sec.   85.1515--Emission Standards Applicable to Imported Light-Duty Trucks\1\ \2\ \3\ \4\ \5\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                            Oxides of            Diesel          Evaporative       Useful life  (years/
            OP Year                  Hydrocarbon      Carbon  monoxide       nitrogen         particulate        hydrocarbon              miles)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1968-78........................  2.0 gpm...........  20 gpm...........  3.1 gpm..........  .................  6.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1979-80........................  1.7 gpm...........  18 gpm...........  2.3 gpm..........  .................  6.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1981...........................  1.7 gpm...........  18 gpm...........  2.3 gpm..........  .................  2.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
1982-1983......................  1.7 gpm...........  18 gpm...........  2.3 gpm..........  0.60 gpm.........  2.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
                                 (2.0).............  (26).............  (2.3)............  (0.60)...........  (2.6)............
1984...........................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  2.3 gpm..........  0.60 gpm.........  2.0 g/test.......  5/50,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (2.3)............  (0.60)...........  (2.6)............
1985-1986......................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  2.3 gpm..........  0.60 gpm.........  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (2.3)............  (0.60)...........  (2.6)............
1987...........................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  2.3 gpm..........  0.26 gpm.........  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (2.3)............  (0.26)...........  (2.6)............
1988-1989......................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  1.2 gpm \6\......  0.26 gpm \7\.....  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (1.2)............  (2.0)............  (2.6)............
1988-1989......................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  1.7 gpm \6\......  0.45 gpm \7\.....  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (1.7)............  (0.26)...........  (2.6)............
1988-1989......................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  2.3 gpm \6\......  0.45 gpm \7\.....  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (2.3)............  (0.26)...........  (2.6)............
1990-1993......................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  1.2 gpm \8\......  0.26 gpm \7\.....  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (1.2)............  (0.26)...........  (2.6)............
1990-1993......................  0.80 gpm..........  10 gpm...........  1.7 gpm \8\......  0.45 gpm \7\.....  2.0 g/test.......  11/120,000
                                 (1.0).............  (14).............  (1.7)............  (0.26)...........  (2.6)............
1994 and later.................  (\9\).............  (\9\)............  (\9\)............  (\9\)............  (\9\)............  (\9\)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Diesel particulate standards apply only to diesel fueled light-duty trucks. Evaporative hydrocarbon standards apply only to non-diesel fueled light-
  duty trucks. For alternative fueled light-duty trucks, the evaporative hydrocarbon standard is interpreted as organic material hydrocarbon equivalent
  grams carbon per test, as applicable.
\2\ No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient atmosphere from any non-diesel fueled light-duty truck.
\3\ A carbon monoxide standard of 0.50% of exhaust flow at curb idle is applicable to all 1984 and later model year light-duty trucks sold to, or owned
  by, an importer for principal use at other than a designated high-altitude location. This requirement is effective for light-duty trucks sold to, or
  owned by an importer for principal use at a designated high-altitude location beginning with the 1988 model year.
\4\ All 1982 OP year and later light-duty trucks sold to, or owned by, an importer for principal use at a designated high-altitude location shall meet
  high-altitude emission standards according to the requirements specified in 40 CFR part 86 for current model year light-duty trucks at the time of
  testing.
\5\ Standards in parentheses apply to motor vehicles sold to, or owned by, an importer for principal use at a designated high-altitude location. These
  standards must be met at high-altitude according to the procedures specified in 40 CFR part 86 for current model year motor vehicles at the time of
  testing.
\6\ The oxides of nitrogen standard of 1.2 gpm applies to light-duty trucks at or below 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight and at or below 6,000 pounds
  GVWR. The 1.7 gpm standard applies to light-duty trucks above 3,750 pound loaded vehicle weight and at or below 6,000 pounds GVWR; the 2.3 gpm
  standard applies to light-duty trucks above 6,000 pounds GVWR.
\7\ The diesel particulate standard of 0.26 gpm applies to light-duty trucks at or below 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight; the 0.45 gpm standard
  applies to light-duty trucks above 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight.
\8\ The NOX standard of 1.2 gpm applies to light-duty trucks at or below 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight; the 1.7 gpm standard applies to light-duty
  trucks above 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight.
\9\ Specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the OP year of the vehicle, as described in paragraph (c) of this section.

0
54. Subpart W is revised to consist of Sec. Sec.  85.2201, 85.2207,
85.2222, 85.2223, and 85.2231, to read as follows:
Subpart W--Emission Control System Performance Warranty Short Tests
Sec.
85.2201 Applicability.
85.2207 Onboard diagnostic test standards.
85.2222 Onboard diagnostic test procedures.
85.2223 Onboard diagnostic test report.
85.2231 Onboard diagnostic test equipment requirements.

Subpart W--Emission Control System Performance Warranty Short Tests

Sec.  85.2201  Applicability.

    (a) This subpart describes the test provisions to be employed in
conjunction with the Emissions Performance Warranty in subpart V of
this part. These provisions generally rely on a vehicle's onboard
diagnostic system (OBD) to indicate whether a vehicle passes or fails
the test.
    (b) The provisions of this subpart may be used to establish
warranty eligibility for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, and
medium-duty passenger vehicles when tested during the useful life as
prescribed in subpart V of this part.

Sec.  85.2207  Onboard diagnostic test standards.

    (a) A vehicle shall fail the OBD test if it is a 1996 or newer
vehicle and the vehicle connector is missing, has been tampered with,
or is otherwise inoperable.
    (b) A vehicle shall fail the OBD test if the malfunction indicator
light (MIL) is commanded to be illuminated and it is not visually
illuminated according to visual inspection.
    (c) A vehicle shall fail the OBD test if the MIL is commanded to be
illuminated for one or more diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), as
described in 40 CFR 86.1806.

Sec.  85.2222  Onboard diagnostic test procedures.

    The test sequence for the OBD inspection shall consist of the
following steps:
    (a) The OBD inspection shall be conducted with the key-on/engine
running, with the exception of inspecting for MIL illumination as
required in paragraph (d)(4) of this section, during which the
inspection shall be conducted with the key-on/engine off.
    (b) The inspector shall locate the vehicle connector and plug the
test system into the connector.
    (c) The test system shall send a Mode $01, PID $01 request in
accordance with 40 CFR 86.1806 to determine the OBD evaluation status.
The test system shall determine what monitors are supported by the OBD
system, and perform the

readiness evaluation for applicable monitors in accordance with the
requirements and specifications in 40 CFR 86.1806.
    (1) Coincident with the beginning of mandatory testing, repair, and
retesting based upon the OBD test, if the readiness evaluation
indicates that any onboard tests are not complete, the customer shall
be instructed to return after the vehicle has been run under conditions
that allow completion of all applicable onboard tests. If the readiness
evaluation again indicates that any onboard test is not complete, the
vehicle shall be failed.
    (2) An exception to paragraph (c)(1) of this section is allowed for
MY 1996 to MY 2000 vehicles, inclusive, with two or fewer unset
readiness monitors, and for MY 2001 and newer vehicles with no more
than one unset readiness monitor. Vehicles from those model years which
would otherwise pass the OBD inspection, but for the unset readiness
code in question, may be issued a passing certificate without being
required to operate the vehicle in such a way as to activate those
particular monitors. Vehicles from those model years with an unset
readiness code that also have a DTC stored resulting in an illuminated
MIL must be failed, though setting the unset readiness flag in question
shall not be a prerequisite for passing the retest.
    (d) The test system shall evaluate the MIL status bit and record
status information in the vehicle test record.
    (1) If the MIL status bit indicates that the MIL has been commanded
to be illuminated, the test system shall send a Mode $03 request in
accordance with 40 CFR 86.1806 to determine the stored DTCs. The system
shall repeat this cycle until the number of codes reported equals the
number expected based on the Mode $01 response. All DTCs resulting in
MIL illumination shall be recorded in the vehicle test record and the
vehicle shall fail the OBD inspection.
    (2) If the MIL bit is not commanded to be illuminated the vehicle
shall pass the OBD inspection, even if DTCs are present.
    (3) If the MIL bit is commanded to be illuminated, the inspector
shall visually inspect the MIL to determine if it is illuminated. If
the MIL is commanded to be illuminated but is not, the vehicle shall
fail the OBD inspection.
    (4) If the MIL does not illuminate at all when the vehicle is in
the key-on/engine-off condition, the vehicle shall fail the OBD
inspection, even if no DTCs are present and the MIL has not been
commanded on.

Sec.  85.2223  Onboard diagnostic test report.

    (a) Motorists whose vehicles fail the OBD test described in Sec.
85.2222 shall be provided with the OBD test results, including the
codes retrieved, the name of the component or system associated with
each DTC, the status of the MIL illumination command, and the customer
alert statement as stated in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) In addition to any codes that were retrieved, the test report
shall include the following language:

    Your vehicle's computerized self-diagnostic system (OBD)
registered the faults listed below. The faults are probably an
indication of a malfunction of an emission component. However,
multiple and/or seemingly unrelated faults may be an indication of
an emission-related problem that occurred previously, but upon
further evaluation by the OBD system was determined to be only
temporary. Therefore, proper diagnosis by a qualified technician is
required to positively identify the source of any emission-related
problem.

Sec.  85.2231  Onboard diagnostic test equipment requirements.

    (a) The test system interface to the vehicle shall include a plug
that conforms to the requirements and specifications of 40 CFR 86.1806.
    (b) The test system shall be capable of communicating with the
standard data link connector of vehicles with certified OBD systems.
    (c) The test system shall be capable of checking for OBD monitors
and the evaluation status of supported monitors (test complete/test not
complete) in Mode $01 PID $01, as well as be able to request the DTCs,
consistent with the requirements and specifications of 40 CFR 86.1806.

PART 86--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES
AND ENGINES

0
55. The authority citation for part 86 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

0
56. Section 86.1 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.1  Incorporation by reference.

    (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part
with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5
U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than that
specified in this section, a document must be published in the Federal
Register and the material must be available to the public. All approved
material is available for inspection at U.S. EPA, Air and Radiation
Docket and Information Center, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Room B102,
EPA West Building, Washington, DC 20460,<PHONE_NUMBER>, and is
available from the sources listed below. It is also available for
inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA).
For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-
741-6030, or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
    (b) ASTM International material. The following standards are
available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box
C700, West Conshohocken, PA, 19428-2959,<PHONE_NUMBER>, or http://www.astm.org/:
    (1) ASTM C1549-09, Standard Test Method for Determination of Solar
Reflectance Near Ambient Temperature Using a Portable Solar
Reflectometer, approved August 1, 2009, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1869-
12(b).
    (2) ASTM D86-12, Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum
Products at Atmospheric Pressure, approved December 1, 2012, IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.113-94(b), 86.213(a), and
86.513(a).
    (3) ASTM D93-13, Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-
Martens Closed Cup Tester, approved July 15, 2013, IBR approved for
Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (4) ASTM D445-12, Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of
Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity),
approved April 15, 2012, IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (5) ASTM D613-13, Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel
Fuel Oil, approved December 1, 2013, IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-
94(b).
    (6) ASTM D975-13a, Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils,
approved December 1, 2013, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1910(c).
    (7) ASTM D976-06 (Reapproved 2011), Standard Test Method for
Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels, approved October 1, 2011,
IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (8) ASTM D1319-13, Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in
Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption, approved
May 1, 2013, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.213(a), and
86.513(a).
    (9) ASTM D1945-03 (reapproved 2010), Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography, approved January 1,
2010, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-94(e) and 86.513(d).
    (10) ASTM D2163-07, Standard Test Method for Determination of
Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum

(LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by Gas Chromatography, approved
December 1, 2007, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-94(f).
    (11) ASTM D2622-10, Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum
Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,
approved February 15, 2010, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a),
86.113-94(b), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (12) ASTM D2699-13b, Standard Test Method for Research Octane
Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel, approved October 1, 2013, IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a) and 86.213(a).
    (13) ASTM D2700-13b, Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number
of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel, approved October 1, 2013, IBR approved
for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a) and 86.213(a).
    (14) ASTM D3231-13, Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in
Gasoline, approved June 15, 2013, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-
04(a), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (15) ASTM D3237-12, Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, approved June 1, 2012, IBR approved for
Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (16) ASTM D4052-11, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative
Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter, approved
October 15, 2011, IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-94(b).
    (17) ASTM D5186-03 (Reapproved 2009), Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Aromatic Content and Polynuclear Aromatic Content
of Diesel Fuels and Aviation Turbine Fuels by Supercritical Fluid
Chromatography, approved April 15, 2009, IBR approved for Sec.  86.113-
94(b).
    (18) ASTM D5191-13, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of
Petroleum Products (Mini Method), approved December 1, 2013, IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  86.113-04(a), 86.213(a), and 86.513(a).
    (19) ASTM E29-93a, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits
in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications, approved
March 15, 1993, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.004-15(c), 86.007-11(a),
86.007-15(m), 86.1803-01, 86.1823-01(a), 86.1824-01(c), 86.1825-01(c).
    (20) ASTM E903-96, Standard Test Method for Solar Absorptance,
Reflectance, and Transmittance of Materials Using Integrating Spheres,
approved April 10, 1996, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1869-12(b).
    (21) ASTM E1918-06, Standard Test Method for Measuring Solar
Reflectance of Horizontal and Low-Sloped Surfaces in the Field,
approved August 15, 2006, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1869-12(b).
    (c) ANSI material. The following standards are available from
American National Standards Institute, 25 W 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New
York, NY 10036,<PHONE_NUMBER>, or http://www.ansi.org:
    (1) ANSI NGV1-2006, Standard for Compressed Natural Gas Vehicle
(NGV) Fueling Connection Devices, 2nd edition, reaffirmed and
consolidated March 2, 2006, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1813-17(f).
    (2) [Reserved]
    (d) California Air Resources Board. The following documents are
available from the California Air Resources Board, 1001 I Street,
Sacramento, CA 95812,<PHONE_NUMBER>, or http://www.arb.ca.gov:
    (1) California Requirements Applicable to the LEV III Program,
including the following documents:
    (i) LEV III exhaust emission standards are in Title 13 Motor
Vehicles, Division 3 Air Resources Board, Chapter 1 Motor Vehicle
Pollution Control Devices, Article 2 Approval of Motor Vehicle
Pollution Control Devices (New Vehicles), Sec.  1961.2 Exhaust Emission
Standards and Test Procedures--2015 and Subsequent Model Passenger
Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles, effective as of
December 31, 2012, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1803-01.
    (ii) LEV III evaporative emission standards for model year 2015 and
later vehicles are in Title 13 Motor Vehicles, Division 3 Air Resources
Board, Chapter 1 Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Devices, Article 2
Approval of Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Devices (New Vehicles)
Sec.  1976 Standards and Test Procedures for Motor Vehicle Fuel
Evaporative Emissions, effective as of December 31, 2012, IBR approved
for Sec.  86.1803-01.
    (2) California Regulatory Requirements Applicable to the National
Low Emission Vehicle Program, October 1996, IBR approved for Sec.
86.113-04(a).
    (3) California Regulatory Requirements known as Onboard Diagnostics
II (OBD-II), Approved on April 21, 2003, Title 13, California Code of
Regulations, Section 1968.2, Malfunction and Diagnostic System
Requirements for 2004 and Subsequent Model-Year Passenger Cars, Light-
Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles and Engines (OBD-II), IBR
approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(j).
    (4) California Regulatory Requirements known as Onboard Diagnostics
II (OBD-II), Approved on November 9, 2007, Title 13, California Code of
Regulations, Section 1968.2, Malfunction and Diagnostic System
Requirements for 2004 and Subsequent Model-Year Passenger Cars, Light-
Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles and Engines (OBD-II), IBR
approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(j).
    (5) California Regulatory Requirements known as Onboard Diagnostics
II (OBD-II), Title 13, Motor Vehicles, Division 3, Air Resources Board,
Chapter 1, Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Devices, Article 2, Approval
of Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Devices (New Vehicles), Sec.  1968.2
Malfunction and Diagnostic System Requirements--2004 and Subsequent
Model-Year Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles
and Engines, effective as of July 31, 2013, IBR approved for Sec.
86.1806-17(a).
    (e) ISO material. The following standards are available from
International Organization for Standardization, Case Postale 56, CH-
1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, 41-22-749-01-11, or http://www.iso.org:
    (1) ISO 13837:2008(E), Road Vehicles--Safety glazing materials--
Method for the determination of solar transmittance, First edition,
April 15, 2008, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1869-12(b).
    (2) ISO 15765-4:2005(E), Road Vehicles--Diagnostics on Controller
Area Networks (CAN)--Part 4: Requirements for emissions-related
systems, January 15, 2005, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.010-18(k) and
86.1806-05(h).
    (f) NIST material. The following documents are available from
National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive,
Gaithersburg, MD 20899, or http://www.nist.gov:
    (1) NIST Special Publication 811, 2008 Edition, Guide for the Use
of the International System of Units (SI), March 2008, IBR approved for
Sec.  86.1901(d).
    (2) [Reserved]
    (g) SAE International material. The following standards are
available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA
15096-0001,<PHONE_NUMBER> (U.S. and Canada) or<PHONE_NUMBER> (outside
the U.S. and Canada), or http://www.sae.org:
    (1) SAE J1151, Methane Measurement Using Gas Chromatography,
stabilized September 2011, IBR approved for Sec.  86.111-94(b).
    (2) SAE J1349, Engine Power Test Code--Spark Ignition and
Compression Ignition--As Installed Net Power Rating, revised September
2011, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1803-01.
    (3) SAE J1850, Class B Data Communication Network Interface,
Revised May 2001, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(h).

    (4) SAE J1877, Recommended Practice for Bar-Coded Vehicle
Identification Number Label, July 1994, IBR approved for Sec.  86.095-
35(i).
    (5) SAE J1892, Recommended Practice for Bar-Coded Vehicle Emission
Configuration Label, October 1993, IBR approved for Sec.  86.095-35(i).
    (6) SAE J1930, Electrical/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms,
Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms, Revised May 1998, IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  86.1808-01(f), 86.1808-07(f).
    (7) SAE J1930, Electrical/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms,
Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms--Equivalent to ISO/TR 15031-2:
April 30, 2002, Revised April 2002, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.010-
18(k) and 86.1806-05(h).
    (8) SAE J1939, Recommended Practice for a Serial Control and
Communications Vehicle Network, Revised October 2007, IBR approved for
Sec.  86.010-18(k).
    (9) SAE J1939-11, Physical Layer--250K bits/s, Shielded Twisted
Pair, Revised October 1999, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(h).
    (10) SAE J1939-13, Off-Board Diagnostic Connector, July 1999, IBR
approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(h).
    (11) SAE J1939-13, Off-Board Diagnostic Connector, Revised March
2004, IBR approved for Sec.  86.010-18(k).
    (12) SAE J1939-21, Data Link Layer, Revised April 2001, IBR
approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(h).
    (13) SAE J1939-31, Network Layer, Revised December 1997, IBR
approved for Sec.  86.1806-05(h).
    (14) SAE J1939-71, Vehicle Application Layer (Through February
2007), Revised January 2008, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.010-38(j)
and 86.1806-05(h).
    (15) SAE J1939-73, Application Layer--Diagnostics, Revised
September 2006, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.010-18(k), 86.010-38(j),
and 86.1806-05(h).
    (16) SAE J1939-81, Network Management, Revised May 2003, IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  86.010-38(j) and 86.1806-05(h).
    (17) SAE J1962, Diagnostic Connector Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-3;
December 14, 2001, Revised April 2002, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.
86.010-18(k) and 86.1806-05(h).
    (18) SAE J1978, OBD II Scan Tool--Equivalent to ISO/DIS 15031-4;
December 14, 2001, Revised April 2002, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.
86.010-18(k) and 86.1806-05(h).
    (19) SAE J1979, E/E Diagnostic Test Modes, Revised September 1997,
IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.1808-01(f) and 86.1808-07(f).
    (20) SAE J1979, (R) E/E Diagnostic Test Modes, Revised May 2007,
IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.010-18(k) and 86.1806-05(h).
    (21) SAE J2012, (R) Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions Equivalent
to ISO/DIS 15031-6: April 30, 2002, Revised April 2002, IBR approved
for Sec. Sec.  86.010-18(k) and 86.1806-05(h).
    (22) SAE J2064 FEB2011, R134a Refrigerant Automotive Air-
Conditioned Hose, Revised February 2011, IBR approved for Sec.
86.1867-12(a) and (b).
    (23) SAE J2284-3, High Speed CAN (HSC) for Vehicle Applications at
500 KBPS, May 2001, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.1808-01(f) and
86.1808-07(f).
    (24) SAE J2403, Medium/Heavy-Duty E/E Systems Diagnosis
Nomenclature--Truck and Bus, Revised August 2007, IBR approved for
Sec. Sec.  86.010-18(k), 86.010-38(j), and 86.1806-05(h).
    (25) SAE J2534, Recommended Practice for Pass-Thru Vehicle
Programming, February 2002, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  86.1808-01(f)
and 86.1808-07(f).
    (26) SAE J2727 FEB2012, Mobile Air Conditioning System Refrigerant
Emission Charts for R-134a and R-1234yf, Revised February 2012, IBR
approved for Sec.  86.1867-12(a) and (b).
    (27) SAE J2765 OCT2008, Procedure for Measuring System COP
[Coefficient of Performance] of a Mobile Air Conditioning System on a
Test Bench, issued October 2008, IBR approved for Sec.  86.1868-12(h).
    (h) Truck and Maintenance Council material. The following documents
are available from the Truck and Maintenance Council, 950 North Glebe
Road, Suite 210, Arlington, VA 22203-4181, or<PHONE_NUMBER>:
    (1) TMC RP 1210B, Revised June 2007, WINDOWSTMCOMMUNICATION API,
IBR approved for Sec.  86.010-38(j).
    (2) [Reserved]

Subpart A--[Amended]

0
57. Section 86.000-7 is amended as follows:
0
a. By revising the introductory text.
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraph (h)(1).
0
c. By revising paragraph (h)(6).
0
d. By removing paragraph (h)(7).

Sec.  86.000-7  Maintenance of records; submittal of information; right
of entry.

    Section 86.000-7 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.091-7 or Sec.  86.094-7. Where a paragraph in
Sec.  86.091-7 or Sec.  86.094-7 is identical and applicable to Sec.
86.000-7, this may be indicated by specifying the corresponding
paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.
86.091-7.'' or ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.  86.094-7.''
* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (6) EPA may void ab initio a certificate for a vehicle certified to
Tier 1 certification standards or to the respective evaporative and/or
refueling test procedure and accompanying evaporative and/or refueling
standards as set forth or otherwise referenced in Sec.  86.098-10 for
which the manufacturer fails to retain the records required in this
section or to provide such information to the Administrator upon
request.

Sec. Sec.  86.000-8, 86.000-9, 86.000-16  [Removed]

0
58. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.000-8, 86.000-9, and 86.000-16.

Sec.  86.000-24  [Amended]

0
59. Section 86.000-24 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing the introductory text.
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a), (b)(1) introductory text,
and (b)(1)(iii) through (f).
0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (g)(1) and (g)(2).
0
d. By removing paragraph (h).

Sec. Sec.  86.000-26 and 86.000-28  [Removed]

0
60A. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.000-26 and 86.000-28.

Sec.  86.001-9  [Removed]

0
60B. Remove Sec.  86.001-9.

Sec.  86.001-22  [Removed]

0
60C. Remove Sec.  86.001-22.

0
61. Section 86.001-23 is amended by revising the introductory text and
adding a heading to paragraph (c) and removing and reserving paragraphs
(c)(1), (f), and (g) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.001-23  Required data.

    Section 86.001-23 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.098-23. Where a paragraph in Sec.  86.098-23 is
identical and applicable to Sec.  86.001-23, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec.  86.098-23.''
* * * * *
    (c) Emission data--
* * * * *

Sec. Sec.  86.001-25, 86.001-26, 86.001-28, and 86.001-30  [Removed]

0
62A. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.001-25, 86.001-26, 86.001-28, and 86.001-30.

Sec.  86.004-9  [Removed]

0
62B. Remove Sec.  86.004-9.

0
63. Section 86.004-11 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(3)
introductory text and (b)(4) introductory text and adding paragraph
(b)(4)(iv) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.004-11  Emission standards for 2004 and later model year
diesel heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) This paragraph (b)(3) applies as specified in 40 CFR 1037.103.
Evaporative emissions (total of non-oxygenated hydrocarbons plus
methanol) from heavy-duty vehicles equipped with methanol-fueled diesel
engines shall not exceed the following standards. The standards apply
equally to certification and in-use vehicles. The spitback standard
also applies to newly assembled vehicles.
* * * * *
    (4) This paragraph (b)(4) applies as specified in 40 CFR 1037.103.
Evaporative emissions from 2004 and later model year heavy-duty
vehicles equipped with natural gas-fueled or liquefied petroleum gas-
fueled HDEs shall not exceed the following standards. The standards
apply equally to certification and in-use vehicles.
* * * * *
    (iv) Compressed natural gas vehicles must meet the requirements for
fueling connection devices as specified in Sec.  86.1813-17(f)(1).
Vehicles meeting these requirements are deemed to comply with
evaporative emission standards.
* * * * *

0
64. Section 86.004-21 is amended as follows:
0
a. By revising the introductory text.
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraph (b)(4)(i).
0
c. By removing paragraph (b)(5)(v).
0
d. By removing and reserving paragraphs (k) and (l).

Sec.  86.004-21  Application for certification.

    Section 86.004-21 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.094-21. Where a paragraph in Sec.  86.094-21 is
identical and applicable to Sec.  86.004-21, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec.  86.094-21.''
* * * * *

Sec.  86.004-25  [Amended]

0
65. Section 86.004-25 is amended by removing and reserving paragraphs
(b)(4)(ii) and (b)(4)(iv).
0
66. Section 86.004-26 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing the introductory text.
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a) and (b).
0
c. By revising paragraph (d).

Sec.  86.004-26  Mileage and service accumulation; emission
measurements.

* * * * *
    (d)(1) This paragraph (d) applies for heavy-duty engines.
    (2)(i) The results of all emission testing shall be supplied to the
Administrator. The manufacturer shall furnish to the Administrator
explanation for voiding any test. The Administrator will determine if
voiding the test was appropriate based upon the explanation given by
the manufacturer for the voided test. Tests between test points may be
conducted as required by the Administrator. Data from all tests
(including voided tests) may be submitted weekly to the Administrator,
but shall be delivered to the Administrator within 7 days after
completion of the test. In addition, all test data shall be compiled
and provided to the Administrator in accordance with Sec.  86.007-23.
Where the Administrator conducts a test on a durability data vehicle at
a prescribed test point, the results of that test will be used in the
calculation of the deterioration factor.
    (ii) The results of all emission tests shall be recorded and
reported to the Administrator. These test results shall be rounded as
specified in 40 CFR part 1065 to the number of decimal places contained
in the applicable emission standard expressed to one additional
significant figure.
    (3) Whenever a manufacturer intends to operate and test a vehicle
(or engine) that may be used for emission data, the manufacturer shall
retain in its records all information concerning all emission tests and
maintenance, including vehicle (or engine) alterations to represent
other vehicle (or engine) selections. This information shall be
submitted, including the vehicle (or engine) description and
specification information required by the Administrator, to the
Administrator following the emission test.
    (4) Emission testing of any type with respect to any certification
vehicle or engine other than that specified in this subpart is not
allowed except as such testing may be specifically authorized by the
Administrator.

Sec.  86.004-28  [Amended]

0
67. Section 86.004-28 is amended by removing the introductory text and
by removing and reserving paragraphs (a), (b), (f), and (g).

0
68. Section 86.004-30 is amended as follows:
0
a. By revising the introductory text.
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(10)(i), and
(a)(11)(i) and (a)(12) through (a)(16).
0
c. By removing paragraphs (a)(19) through (a)(21).
0
d. By removing and reserving paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(1)(ii).
0
e. By removing paragraph (b)(1)(ii)(C) and (b)(1)(ii)(D).
0
f. By removing and reserving paragraph (b)(4).

Sec.  86.004-30  Certification.

    Section 86.004-30 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.094-30. Where a paragraph in Sec.  86.094-30 is
identical and applicable to Sec.  86.004-30, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec.  86.094-30.''
* * * * *

0
69. Section 86.004-38 is amended by removing the introductory text,
removing and reserving paragraph (g), and adding paragraph (i) to read
as follows:

Sec.  86.004-38  Maintenance instructions.

* * * * *
    (i) For each new diesel-fueled engine subject to the standards
prescribed in Sec.  86.007-11, as applicable, the manufacturer shall
furnish or cause to be furnished to the ultimate purchaser a statement
that ``This engine must be operated only with ultra low-sulfur diesel
fuel (meeting EPA specifications for highway diesel fuel, including a
15 ppm sulfur cap).''

0
70. Section 86.005-10 is amended by revising the introductory text and
paragraph (c) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.005-10  Emission standards for 2005 and later model year Otto-
cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

    Section 86.005-10 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.099-10. Where a paragraph in Sec.  86.099-10 is
identical and applicable to Sec.  86.005-10, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec.  86.099-10.''
* * * * *
    (c) No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient
atmosphere from any new 1998 or later model year Otto-cycle heavy-duty
engine.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.005-17  [Removed]

0
71. Remove Sec.  86.005-17.

0
72. Section 86.007-17 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.007-17  Onboard diagnostics for engines used in applications
less than or equal to 14,000 pounds GVWR.

    Heavy-duty engines intended to be installed in heavy duty vehicles
at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR that are subject to standards under this
subpart must meet onboard diagnostic requirements as specified in Sec.
86.1806.

Sec.  86.007-21  [Amended]

0
73. Section 86.007-21 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing and reserving paragraph (b)(4)(i).
0
b. By removing paragraphs (b)(9) and (b)(10).

0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (k) and (l).
0
74. Section 86.007-23 is amended by removing and reserving paragraphs
(b)(2), (f), (g), and (l) and revising the introductory text and
paragraph (c) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.007-23  Required data.

    Section 86.007-23 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.098-23 or Sec.  86.001-23. Where a paragraph in
Sec.  86.098-23 or Sec.  86.001-23 is identical and applicable to Sec.
86.007-23, this may be indicated by specifying the corresponding
paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.
86.098-23.'' or ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.  86.001-23.''.
* * * * *
    (c) Emission data from certification vehicles and engines. The
manufacturer shall submit emission data for each applicable emission
standard from vehicles and engines tested in accordance with applicable
test procedures and in such numbers as specified. These data shall
include zero-mile or zero-hour data, if generated, and emission data
generated for certification as required under Sec.  86.004-26. However,
manufacturers may provide a statement in the application for
certification that vehicles and engines comply with the following
standards instead of submitting test data, provided that the statement
is supported by previous emission tests, development tests, or other
appropriate information, and good engineering judgment:
    (1) Idle CO, smoke, or particulate matter emissions from methanol-
fueled or gaseous-fueled diesel-cycle certification engines.
    (2) Particulate matter emissions from Otto-cycle certification
engines or gaseous-fueled certification engines.
    (3) CO emissions from diesel-cycle certification engines.
    (4) Formaldehyde emissions from petroleum-fueled engines.
    (5) Particulate matter and formaldehyde emissions when conducting
Selective Enforcement Audit testing of Otto-cycle engines.
    (6) Smoke from methanol-fueled or petroleum-fueled diesel-cycle
certification engines.
    (7) Smoke when conducting Selective Enforcement Audit testing of
diesel-cycle engines.
    (8) Evaporative emissions from vehicles fueled by natural gas,
liquefied petroleum gas, or hydrogen.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.007-30  [Amended]

0
75. Section 86.007-30 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(7),
(a)(10)(i), (a)(11)(i), and (a)(12) through (a)(16).
0
b. By removing paragraphs (a)(19) through (a)(21).
0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(ii), and
(b)(4).
0
d. By removing paragraph (f).

0
76. Section 86.007-35 is amended as follows:
0
a. By revising paragraph (a) introductory text.
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2).
0
c. By revising paragraph (c).
0
d. By removing and reserving paragraphs (d), (f), and (i).

Sec.  86.007-35  Labeling.

* * * * *
    (a) The manufacturer of any motor vehicle (or motor vehicle engine)
subject to the applicable emission standards (and family emission
limits, as appropriate) of this subpart, shall, at the time of
manufacture, affix a permanent legible label, of the type and in the
manner described below, containing the information hereinafter
provided, to all production models of such vehicles (or engines)
available for sale to the public and covered by a Certificate of
Conformity under Sec.  86.007-30(a).
* * * * *
    (c) Vehicles powered by model year 2007 through 2013 diesel-fueled
engines must include permanent, readily visible labels on the dashboard
(or instrument panel) and near all fuel inlets that state ``Use Ultra
Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel Only''; or ``Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel
Only''.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.007-38  [Removed]

0
77. Remove Sec.  86.007-38.

0
78. Section 86.008-10 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing the introductory text.
0
b. By revising paragraph (b) introductory text.
0
c. By adding paragraph (b)(5).
0
d. By revising paragraph (e).

Sec.  86.008-10  Emission standards for 2008 and later model year Otto-
cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

* * * * *
    (b) This paragraph (b) applies as specified in 40 CFR 1037.103.
Evaporative emissions from heavy-duty vehicles shall not exceed the
following standards when measured using the test procedures specified
in 40 CFR 1037.501. The standards apply equally to certification and
in-use vehicles. The spitback standard also applies to newly assembled
vehicles. For certification vehicles only, manufacturers may conduct
testing to quantify a level of nonfuel background emissions for an
individual test vehicle. Such a demonstration must include a
description of the source(s) of emissions and an estimated decay rate.
The demonstrated level of nonfuel background emissions may be
subtracted from emission test results from certification vehicles if
approved in advance by the Administrator.
* * * * *
    (5) Compressed natural gas vehicles must meet the requirements for
fueling connection devices as specified in Sec.  86.1813-17(f)(1).
Vehicles meeting these requirements are deemed to comply with
evaporative emission standards.
* * * * *
    (e) The standards described in this section do not apply to Otto-
cycle medium-duty passenger vehicles (MDPVs) that are subject to
regulation under subpart S of this part, except as specified in subpart
S of this part. The standards described in this section also do not
apply to Otto-cycle engines used in such MDPVs, except as specified in
subpart S of this part. The term ``medium-duty passenger vehicle'' is
defined in Sec.  86.1803.
* * * * *

0
79. Section 86.010-38 is amended by revising paragraphs (g) and (i) to
read as follows:

Sec.  86.010-38  Maintenance instructions.

* * * * *
    (g) Manufacturers are subject to the service-information
requirements of Sec.  86.1808-01(f) beginning in the 2005 model year
for manufacturers of heavy-duty vehicles and heavy-duty engines
weighing 14,000 pounds gross vehicle weight (GVW) and less that are
subject to the OBD requirements of this part.
* * * * *
    (i) Through model year 2013, the manufacturer shall furnish or
cause to

be furnished to the ultimate purchaser the following statement for each
new diesel-fueled engine subject to the standards prescribed in Sec.
86.007-11, as applicable: ``This engine must be operated only with
ultra low-sulfur diesel fuel (meeting EPA specifications for highway
diesel fuel, including a 15 ppm sulfur cap).''
* * * * *
    80. Section 86.016-1 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b),
and (c) and adding paragraphs (g) and (h) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.016-1  General applicability.

    (a) Applicability. The provisions of this subpart apply for certain
types of new heavy-duty engines and vehicles as described in this
paragraph (a). Note that this subpart does not apply for light-duty
vehicles, light-duty trucks, or medium-duty passenger vehicles (see
subpart S of this part for requirements that apply for those vehicles).
In some cases, manufacturers of heavy-duty engines and vehicles can
choose whether to meet the requirements of this subpart or the
requirements of subpart S of this part; those provisions are therefore
considered optional, but only to the extent that manufacturers comply
with the other set of requirements. In cases where a provision applies
only for a certain vehicle group based on its model year, vehicle
class, motor fuel, engine type, or other distinguishing
characteristics, the limited applicability is cited in the appropriate
section. The provisions of this subpart apply for certain heavy-duty
engines and vehicles as follows:
    (1) The provisions of this subpart related to exhaust emission
standards apply for diesel-cycle and Otto-cycle heavy-duty engines
installed in vehicles above 14,000 pounds GVWR; however, these vehicles
may instead be certified under subpart S of this part as specified in
Sec.  86.1801.
    (2) The provisions of this subpart related to exhaust emission
standards apply for engines that will be installed in incomplete
vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR; however, these vehicles may
instead be certified under subpart S of this part as specified in Sec.
86.1801.
    (3) Diesel-cycle and Otto-cycle complete heavy-duty vehicles at or
below 14,000 pounds GVWR and the corresponding engines are not subject
to the provisions of this subpart related to exhaust emission
standards, except that these provisions are optional for diesel-cycle
engines installed in such vehicles until those vehicles become subject
to the Tier 3 standards under Sec.  86.1816-18.
    (4) The provisions of this subpart related to evaporative emission
standards apply for diesel-cycle and Otto-cycle heavy-duty vehicles as
follows:
    (i) These provisions do not apply for vehicles at or below 14,000
pounds GVWR.
    (ii) Vehicles above 14,000 pounds GVWR must meet evaporative
emission standards as specified in 40 CFR 1037.103. This involves
meeting the standards specified in Sec. Sec.  86.008-10(b) and 86.007-
11(b)(3) and (4) until the Tier 3 standards in Sec.  86.1813 start to
apply.
    (iii) Note that diesel-fueled vehicles are not subject to
evaporative emissions under this part.
    (5) The provisions of this subpart related to onboard diagnostics
apply for diesel-cycle and Otto-cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles
as follows:
    (i) Engines installed in vehicles above 14,000 pounds GVWR must
meet the onboard diagnostic requirements specified in Sec.  86.010-18.
    (ii) Engines installed in vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR
must meet the onboard diagnostic requirements specified in Sec.
86.1806.
    (b) Relationship to subpart S of this part. Unless specified
otherwise, if engines are not subject to provisions of this subpart or
if manufacturers choose not to meet optional provisions of this subpart
as described in paragraph (a) of this section, those engines must be
installed in vehicles meeting the corresponding requirements under
subpart S of this part. If a vehicle and its installed engine comply
with a mix of provisions from this subpart and from subpart S of this
part, the vehicle must be certified under subpart S of this part, and
the engine does not need to be certified separately.
    (c) Greenhouse gas emission standards. See 40 CFR parts 1036 and
1037 for greenhouse gas emission standards that apply for heavy-duty
engines and vehicles.
* * * * *
    (g) Clean alternative fuel conversions. The provisions of this
subpart also apply for clean alternative fuel conversions as defined in
40 CFR 85.502 of all vehicles described in paragraph (a) of this
section.
    (h) Turbine engines. Turbine engines are deemed to be compression-
ignition engines for purposes of this part.

Sec.  86.079-36  [Removed]

0
81. Remove Sec.  86.079-36.

0
82. Section 86.082-2 is amended by adding definitions for ``Round'' and
``United States'' in alphabetical order to read as follows.

Sec.  86.082-2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Round has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1065.1001, unless otherwise
specified.
* * * * *
    United States has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1068.30.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.085-2  [Amended]

0
83. Section 86.085-2 is amended by removing the definition for
``Incomplete gasoline-fueled heavy-duty vehicle''.
* * * * *

0
84. Section 86.085-20 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.085-20  Incomplete vehicles, classification.

    For purposes of this part:
    (a) A heavy-duty gasoline-fueled vehicle is considered to be a
complete vehicle if it has the primary load carrying device or
container attached at the time the vehicle leaves the control of the
manufacturer of the engine, and is considered to be an incomplete
vehicle if it does not.
    (b) For all other heavy-duty vehicles, a vehicle that has the
primary load carrying device or container attached at the time the
vehicle is introduced into U.S. commerce is considered to be a complete
vehicle. Vehicles not considered to be complete vehicles are incomplete
vehicles. For purposes of determining when a vehicle is introduced into
U.S. commerce, an assembly of motor vehicle parts is deemed to be a
vehicle if either of the following applies:
    (1) A piece of equipment that is intended for self-propelled use on
highways becomes a vehicle when it includes at least an engine, a
transmission, and a frame. (Note: For purposes of this definition, any
electrical, mechanical, and/or hydraulic devices attached to engines
for the purpose of powering wheels are considered to be transmissions.)
    (2) A piece of equipment that is intended for self-propelled use on
highways becomes a vehicle when it includes a passenger compartment
attached to a frame with axles.

Sec.  86.085-37  [Amended]

0
85. Section 86.085-37 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph
(b).

Sec.  86.087-2  [ Removed]

0
86. Remove Sec.  86.087-2.

Sec.  86.091-29  [Amended]

0
87. Section 86.091-29 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph
(a).

0
88. Section 86.094-7 is amended by adding paragraph (h)(6) to read as
follows:

Sec.  86.094-7  Maintenance of records; submittal of information; right
of entry.

* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (6) EPA may void ab initio a certificate for a vehicle certified to
Tier 1 certification standards or to the respective evaporative and/or
refueling test procedure and accompanying evaporative and/or refueling
standards as set forth or otherwise referenced in Sec.  86.098-10 for
which the manufacturer fails to retain the records required in this
section or to provide such information to the Administrator upon
request.

Sec.  86.094-13  [Removed]

0
89. Remove Sec.  86.094-13.

Sec.  86.094-14  [Amended]

0
90. Section 86.094-14 is amended by removing and reserving paragraphs
(c)(5) and (c)(7)(i)(A)(1).

Sec.  86.094-16  [Removed]

0
91. Remove Sec.  86.094-16.

Sec.  86.094-21  [Amended]

0
92. Section 86.094-21 is amended by removing paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C) and
by removing and reserving paragraphs (b)(4)(i), (b)(5)(iii)(B), (b)(8),
(d), and (g).

Sec.  86.094-25  [Amended]

0
93. Section 86.094-25 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a), (b)(3)(i)(A), and
(b)(3)(ii).
0
b. By removing paragraphs (b)(3)(iii) through (b)(3)(vii).
0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (b)(4) through (b)(6), (d), and
(g).

Sec. Sec.  86.094-26 and 86.094-28  [Removed]

0
94. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.094-26 and 86.094-28.

Sec.  86.094-30  [Amended]

0
95. Section 86.094-30 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(1)(ii), (a)(4), (a)(5), and
(a)(7).
0
b. By removing paragraphs (a)(9) through (a)(14).
0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(ii), and
(b)(4).
0
d. By removing and reserving paragraph (d).

Sec. Sec.  86.095-23, 86.095-26, and 86.095-30  [Removed]

0
96. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.095-23, 86.095-26, and 86.095-30.
0
97. Section 86.095-35 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2).
0
b. By adding paragraph (a)(4) introductory text.
0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (d), (e), and (f).
0
d. By adding paragraph (g) introductory text.

Sec.  86.095-35  Labeling.

    (a) * * *
    (1)--(2) [Reserved]
* * * * *
    (4) Heavy-duty vehicles employing a fuel or fuels covered by
evaporative emission standards. This paragraph (a)(4) applies for
vehicles subject to evaporative emission standards under this subpart,
as described in Sec.  86.016-1(a)(4). See 40 CFR part 1037 for
provisions that apply in later model years.
* * * * *
    (d)--(f) [Reserved]
    (g) Incomplete vehicle fuel tank capacity. This paragraph (g)
applies for vehicles subject to evaporative emission standards under
this subpart, as described in Sec.  86.016-1(a)(4). See 40 CFR part
1037 for provisions that apply in later model years.
* * * * *

Sec. Sec.  86.096-7, 86.096-8, and 86.096-21  [Removed]

0
98. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.096-7, 86.096-8, and 86.096-21.

Sec.  86.096-24  [Amended]

0
99. Section 86.096-24 is amended as follows:
0
a. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(8) through (a)(11).
0
b. By removing and reserving paragraphs (a)(14)(ii), (a)(14)(iii), and
(a)(14)(vii).
0
c. By removing and reserving paragraphs (b)(1), (c)(1), (c)(2), and
(d).
0
d. By removing paragraphs (g) and (h).

Sec. Sec.  86.096-26, 86.096-30, 86.096-35, 86.096-38, and 86.097-
9  [Removed]

0
100. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.096-26, 86.096-30, 86.096-35, 86.096-38, and
86.097-9.

Sec.  86.098-23  [Amended]

0
101. Section 86.098-23 is amended by removing and reserving paragraphs
(b)(1)(i), (e)(2), and (e)(3).

Sec. Sec.  86.098-24, 86.098-25, 86.098-26, 86.098-28, 86.098-30,
86.098-35, 86.099-8, and 86.099-9  [Removed]

0
102A. Remove Sec. Sec.  86.098-24, 86.098-25, 86.098-26, 86.098-28,
86.098-30, 86.098-35, 86.099-8, and 86.099-9.

Sec.  86.099-17  [Removed]

0
102B. Remove Sec.  86.099-17.

Subpart B--[Amended]

0
103. Section 86.101 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.101  General applicability.

    (a) General provisions. This subpart describes test procedures for
measuring exhaust, evaporative, and refueling emissions from motor
vehicles subject to emission standards under subpart S of this part.
This generally includes light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, and
complete heavy-duty vehicles at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR. The
following provisions apply for all testing under this subpart:
    (1) Provisions of this subpart apply to tests performed by both the
Administrator and manufacturers.
    (2) References in this subpart to engine families and emission
control systems apply to durability groups and test groups as
applicable.
    (3) Except as noted, heavy-duty vehicles are subject to all the
same provisions of this subpart that apply to light-duty trucks.
    (4) The procedures in this subpart apply for testing vehicles
powered by any fuel, except as specified in subpart S of this part.
    (5) For exhaust emission testing, measure emissions for all
pollutants with an applicable emission standard.
    (6) All emission control systems designed for production vehicles
must be functioning during testing. Maintenance to correct component
malfunction or failure must be authorized in accordance with Sec.
86.1834.
    (7) The test sequence for the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) includes
steps to precondition vehicles for evaporative emission measurements;
these steps are required for exhaust testing whether or not testing
includes evaporative emission measurements.
    (8) Evaporative emission measurement procedures of this subpart
include specifications for testing methanol-fueled vehicles. For
vehicles fueled with other oxygenated fuels, use good engineering
judgment to apply these procedures. For example, if you are testing an
ethanol-fueled vehicle, perform diagnostics in your evaporative
emission enclosure with ethanol and propane.
    (9) For exhaust emission testing with ethanol-gasoline blends that
have less than 25% ethanol by volume, if you use NMHC-to-NMOG
conversion factors instead of measuring oxygenates as described in 40
CFR 1066.635, the

testing specifications and diagnostic requirements in this part 86 that
are specific to ethanol-gasoline blends do not apply.
    (b) Migration to 40 CFR parts 1065 and 1066. This subpart
transitions to rely on the test procedure specifications in 40 CFR
parts 1065 and 1066 as follows:
    (1) Through model year 2021, manufacturers may use the test
procedures specified in paragraph (c) or (d) of this section or, using
good engineering judgment, elements of both. For any EPA testing before
model year 2022, EPA will use the manufacturer's selected procedures
for determining road load parameters and applying acceptable speed-
tolerance criteria. For any other parameters, EPA may conduct testing
using either of the specified procedures. As allowed under this part,
manufacturers may use carryover data from previous model years to
demonstrate compliance with emission standards, without regard to the
provisions of this section.
    (2) Manufacturers must use the following procedures before model
year 2022:
    (i) For vehicles certified to any of the Tier 3 emission standards
specified in subpart S of this part, determine overall driver accuracy
based on driven cycle energy as described in 40 CFR 1066.425(j).
    (ii) Equipment specifications and measurement procedures that are
specific to PM emissions from 40 CFR part 1066 apply for any vehicles
certified to the Tier 3 PM emission standards specified in subpart S of
this part.
    (iii) Use 40 CFR 1066.635 to determine NMOG for any vehicles
certified to the Tier 3 NMOG+NOX emission standards in
subpart S of this part.
    (3) For model years 2022 and later, manufacturers must use the test
procedures specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (c) Interim procedures. Test vehicles as described in this subpart
for the appropriate model year, through model year 2021, as follows:
    (1) Sections 86.106 through 86.115 set forth general testing
specifications and equipment requirements. Sections 86.116 through
86.126 discuss calibration methods and frequency. Sections 86.127
through 86.145 describe procedures for measuring exhaust and
evaporative emissions. Sections 86.146 through 86.157 lay out refueling
test procedures. Sections 86.158 through 86.166 cover procedures
related to the Supplemental Federal Test Procedure and testing related
to air conditioning systems. The test procedure for measuring fuel
system leaks is described in 40 CFR 1066.985.
    (2) Alternate equipment, procedures, and calculation methods may be
used if shown to yield equivalent or superior results, and if approved
in advance by the Administrator.
    (d) Long-term procedures. Test vehicles as described in 40 CFR
parts 1065 and 1066. The following requirements from this subpart also
apply:
    (1) Use fuel for testing and service accumulation as specified in
Sec.  86.113.
    (2) Perform evaporative emission tests as follows:
    (i) Use evaporative testing equipment meeting the specifications in
Sec.  86.107. This equipment must meet calibration requirements as
specified in Sec.  86.117.
    (ii) Generate fuel test temperature profiles as described in Sec.
86.129-94(d).
    (iii) Follow the general provisions and driving schedules described
in 40 CFR part 1066, subpart I. Evaporative testing consists of vehicle
preconditioning as described in Sec.  86.132, diurnal measurement as
described in Sec.  86.133, running loss testing as described in Sec.
86.134, and hot soak testing as described in Sec.  86.138.
    (iv) Calculate emission results as described in Sec.  86.143.
    (3) Keep records as described in Sec.  86.142
    (4) Perform refueling emission tests, calculate emission results,
and keep associated records as described in Sec.  86.146 through
86.157.

0
104. Section 86.102 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  86.102  Definitions.

    The definitions in Sec.  86.1803 apply to this subpart.

Sec.  86.106-00  [Removed]

0
105. Section 86.106-00 is removed.
0
106. Section 86.106-96 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(3) to read
as follows:

Sec.  86.106-96  Equipment required; overview.

    (a) * * *
    (3) Fuel, analytical gas, and driving schedule specifications. Fuel
specifications for exhaust and evaporative emission testing and for
mileage accumulation for petroleum-fueled and methanol-fueled vehicles
are specified in Sec.  86.113. Analytical gases are specified in Sec.
86.114. The Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS), US06, and SC03
driving schedules, for use in exhaust emission tests, and the New York
City Cycle (NYCC), for use with the UDDS in running loss tests, are
specified in Sec. Sec.  86.115, 86.130, 86.159, 86.160, and appendix I
to this part.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.107-96  [Amended]

0
107. Section 86.107-96 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph
(e).

Sec.  86.108-79  [Removed]

0
108A. Section 86.108-79 is removed.

Sec.  86.110-90  [Removed]

0
108B. Section 86.110-90 is removed.
0
109. Section 86.110-94 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(6)(i) and
(d) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.110-94  Exhaust gas sampling system; diesel-cycle vehicles,
and Otto-cycle vehicles requiring particulate emissions measurements.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (6) * * *
    (i) Sized to permit development of turbulent flow (Reynolds No.
>>4000) and complete mixing of the exhaust and dilution air between the
mixing orifice and each of the two sample probes (i.e., the particulate
probe and the heated THC sample probe). It is recommended that uniform
mixing be demonstrated by the user.
* * * * *
    (d) Filters, particulate sampling. Use fluorocarbon-coated glass
fiber filters or fluorocarbon-based (membrane) filters to collect
particulate matter, as follows:
    (1) Use primary and back-up test filters as follows for particulate
measurements:
    (i) During each phase of the UDDS, sample dilute exhaust
simultaneously with paired primary and back-up test filters.
    (ii) Position the back-up filter holder 3 to 4 inches downstream of
the primary filter holder.
    (iii) Determine the net weight of particulate material collected on
each primary test filter and each back-up test filter using the
procedure described in Sec.  86.139.
    (iv) Determine a ratio of net weights using the following formula:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28AP14.142

    (v) If the ratio is greater than 0.95, base the particulate
emission calculations on the net weight of the primary filter only.
    (vi) If the ratio is less than 0.95, base the particulate emission
calculations on the combined net weights of the back-up test filter and
the primary test filter.
    (2) The particulate filter must have a 47 mm diameter (37 mm stain
area).

Sec.  86.111-90  [Removed]

0
110. Section 86.111-90 is removed.
0
111. Section 86.111-94 is amended by revising paragraph (b)(3)(vii) to
read as follows:

Sec.  86.111-94  Exhaust gas analytical system.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (vii) Using a methane analyzer consisting of a gas chromatograph
combined with a FID, measure methane according to SAE J1151
(incorporated by reference in Sec.  86.1).
* * * * *

0
112. Section 86.113-04 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2)
and (a)(3)(i) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.113-04  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (1) Gasoline meeting the following specifications, or substantially
equivalent specifications approved by the Administrator, must be used
for exhaust and evaporative emission testing:

   Table 1 of Sec.   86.113-04--Test Fuel Specifications for Gasoline
                             Without Ethanol
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Reference procedure
              Item                    Regular               \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Research octane, Minimum \2\...  93..............  ASTM D2699
Octane sensitivity \2\.........  7.5.............  ASTM D2700
Distillation Range ([deg]F):
    Evaporated initial boiling   75-95...........
     point \3\.
    10% evaporated.............  120-135.........
    50% evaporated.............  200-230.........  ASTM D86
    90% evaporated.............  300-325.........
    Evaporated final boiling     415 Maximum.....
     point.
Hydrocarbon composition (vol
 %):
    Olefins....................  10% Maximum.....
    Aromatics..................  35% Maximum.....  ASTM D1319
    Saturates..................  Remainder.......
Lead, g/gallon (g/liter),        0.050...........  ASTM D3237
 Maximum.
                                 (0.013).........
Phosphorous, g/gallon (g/        0.005...........  ASTM D3231
 liter), Maximum.
                                 (0.0013)........
Total sulfur, wt. % \4\........  0.0015-0.008....  ASTM D2622
Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent    60.0-63.4.......  ASTM D5191
 (DVPE), kPa (psi) \5\.
                                 (8.7-9.2).......
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.
\2\ Octane specifications are optional for manufacturer testing.
\3\ For testing at altitudes above 1,219 m (4000 feet), the specified
  range is 75-105[deg] F.
\4\ Sulfur concentration will not exceed 0.0045 weight percent for EPA
  testing.
\5\ For testing unrelated to evaporative emission control, the specified
  range is 54.8-63.7 kPa (8.0-9.2 psi). For testing at altitudes above
  1,219 m (4000 feet), the specified range is 52.0-55.4 kPa (7.6-8.0
  psi). Calculate dry vapor pressure equivalent, DVPE, based on the
  measured total vapor pressure, pT, using the following equation: DVPE
  (kPa) = 0.956[middot]pT-2.39 (or DVPE (psi) = 0.956[middot]pT-0.347).
  DVPE is intended to be equivalent to Reid Vapor Pressure using a
  different test method.

    (2) Manufacturers may use California test fuels, as follows:
    (i) For model year 2014 and earlier vehicles certified for 50-state
sale, manufacturers may perform exhaust emission tests using California
Phase 2 gasoline as specified in Chapter 4 of the California Regulatory
Requirements Applicable to the National Low Emission Vehicle Program,
October 1996 (incorporated by reference in Sec.  86.1). However, the
Administrator may use or require the use of test fuel meeting the
specifications in paragraph (a)(1) of this section for confirmatory
testing, selective enforcement auditing and in-use testing.
    (ii) For model year 2015 and later, manufacturers may certify 50-
state Tier 2 vehicles based on testing used to meet California's LEV
III standards, subject to the following provisions:
    (A) Manufacturers may perform exhaust and evaporative emission
tests using California Phase 2 gasoline or California LEV III gasoline.
The Administrator may use or require the use of test fuel meeting the
specifications in paragraph (a)(1) of this section for confirmatory
testing, selective enforcement auditing and in-use testing.
    (B) All evaporative testing with California fuel must be conducted
with temperatures meeting the specifications adopted by the California
Air Resources Board.
    (C) The vehicles must also meet exhaust and evaporative emission
standards at high-altitude conditions as specified in Sec. Sec.
86.1811-17 and 86.1813-17, except that testing is based on the fuel
specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (D) The vehicle must meet the applicable cold temperature standards
using test fuel specified for cold temperature testing in Sec.  86.213.
    (3) * * *
    (i) Unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, gasoline
representative

of commercial gasoline that will be generally available through retail
outlets must be used in service accumulation. Unless otherwise approved
by the Administrator, where the vehicle is to be used for evaporative
emission durability demonstration, such fuel must contain ethanol as
required by Sec.  86.1824-08(f)(1).
* * * * *

Sec.  86.113-07  [Removed]

0
113. Remove Sec.  86.113-07.

0
114. A new Sec.  86.113-15 is added to subpart B to read as follows:

Sec.  86.113-15  Fuel specifications.

    Section 86.113-15 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec.  86.113-94. Where a paragraph in Sec.  86.113-94 is
identical and applicable to Sec.  86.113-15, this may be indicated by
specifying the corresponding paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved].
For guidance see Sec.  86.113-94.''
    (a) Gasoline fuel. This paragraph (a) describes how to transition
to an ethanol-blend test fuel for vehicles certified under subpart S of
this part. You may use the test fuels specified in Sec.  86.113-04(a)
for vehicles that are not yet subject to testing with the new fuel. You
may use the specified ethanol-blend test fuel anytime earlier than we
specify as long as you use the corresponding procedures for measuring
and calculating emission results. See 40 CFR 600.117 for special
provisions that apply for emission measurements related to fuel economy
and greenhouse gases. Manufacturers must certify using E10 test fuel as
specified in 40 CFR part 1065, subpart H, and service accumulation fuel
meeting applicable specifications as follows:
    (1) Except as allowed under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, Use
E10 test fuel to demonstrate compliance with the Tier 3 exhaust
emission standards as specified in Sec.  86.1811 and 86.1816, and to
demonstrate compliance with the Tier 3 evaporative emission standards
as specified in Sec.  86.1813.
    (2) You may use California test fuels to demonstrate compliance
with Tier 3 emission standards as follows:
    (i) For vehicles certified for 50-state sale, you may instead use
California Phase 3 gasoline (E10) as adopted in California's LEV III
program for exhaust emission testing. Through model year 2019, we will
also use this E10 fuel for any low-altitude exhaust emission testing
with such vehicles. Starting in model year 2020, we may use test fuel
meeting either California Phase 3 gasoline (E10) or the gasoline (E10)
test fuel specified in this paragraph (a). For cold temperature testing
and for exhaust emission tests at high-altitude conditions, you may
certify vehicles through model year 2019 based on testing with the
gasoline (E0) test fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-04(a); for such
vehicles, we may use test fuel meeting either the gasoline (E0) test
fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-04(a) or the gasoline (E10) test fuel
specified in this paragraph (a).
    (ii) For vehicles that were certified to SULEV exhaust emission
standards with a 150,000 mile useful life under California's LEV II
program and that are eligible to use that carryover data for continued
certification, you may use that carryover data to demonstrate
compliance with the exhaust emission standards that apply for Bin 30
vehicles under Sec.  86.1811-17 for model years 2015 through 2019. The
test fuel specifications that applied for the original emission
measurements under the LEV II program also apply for any additional
exhaust testing under the Tier 3 program, including confirmatory
testing, selective enforcement auditing, and in-use testing. For
vehicles certified under this paragraph (a)(2)(ii), use the E10 test
fuel specified in 40 CFR 1065.710 for cold temperature testing and
high-altitude testing.
    (iii) For vehicles certified for 50-state sale, you may instead use
California test fuel for evaporative emission testing as follows:
    (A) If you originally certified vehicles in California in model
year 2015 or 2016 to PZEV standards with California Phase 2 gasoline,
you may use that data with carryover vehicles to certify to the Tier 3
evaporative emission standards through model year 2019. We will use
this same fuel to measure diurnal, hot soak, running loss, and SHED rig
emissions at low-altitude conditions for such vehicles. For refueling,
spitback, and high-altitude testing, you may use test fuel meeting
either the gasoline (E0) test fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-04(a) or
the gasoline (E10) test fuel specified in this paragraph (a); we may
use either of the specified fuels for our testing. For leak testing,
you must use the gasoline (E10) test fuel specified in this paragraph
(a).
    (B) If you certify vehicles to LEV III standards with California
Phase 3 gasoline (E10), you may use that collection of data to certify
to the Tier 3 evaporative emission standards. Through model year 2019,
we will use this same fuel to measure diurnal, hot soak, running loss,
SHED rig, and canister bleed emissions (as appropriate) at low-altitude
conditions; starting in model year 2020, we may use either California
Phase 3 gasoline (E10) or the gasoline (E10) test fuel specified in
this paragraph (a) for our testing with such vehicles. For refueling,
spitback, high-altitude, and leak testing, you must use the gasoline
(E10) test fuel specified in this paragraph (a), except that you may
instead use the gasoline (E0) test fuel specified in Sec.  86.113-04(a)
for model year 2015 and 2016; we will use your selected fuel for our
testing. Note that you may no longer certify vehicles to the Tier 3
standards based on California's rig-testing procedures after model year
2021, as described in Sec.  86.1813-17(g).
    (C) For evaporative emission testing with California test fuels,
perform tests based on the test temperatures specified by the
California Air Resources Board.
    (3) Except as specified in paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section
and in this paragraph (a)(3), use E10 test fuel to demonstrate
compliance with the refueling and spitback emission standards for any
vehicles that must be certified to meet the diurnal plus hot soak
standards with E10 test fuel under paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this
section. You may delay using E10 test fuel until model year 2022 for
incomplete heavy-duty vehicles not certified to refueling emission
standards.
    (4) If a vehicle uses E10 test fuel for evaporative emission
testing and E0 is the applicable test fuel for exhaust emission
testing, exhaust measurement and reporting requirements apply over the
course of the evaporative emission test, but the vehicle need not meet
the exhaust emission standards during the evaporative emission test
run.
    (5) For service accumulation, use a commercially available fuel,
subject to the additional specification in Sec.  86.1824-08(f) for
evaporative emissions.
    (b) through (g) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec.  86.113-94.
    115. Section 86.113-94 is amended by removing and reserving
paragraphs (a) and (d) and revising paragraphs (b)(2), (b)(3), (e), and
(f)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.113-94  Fuel specifications.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) A diesel fuel designated as ``Type 2-D'' grade meeting the
following specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications
approved by the Administrator, must be used for exhaust emission
testing:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                Reference  procedure
               Property                           Unit                  Type 2-D                   \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Cetane Number.....................  .......................  40-50.................  ASTM D613
(ii) Cetane Index.....................  .......................  40-50.................  ASTM D976
(iii) Distillation range:
    (A) IBP...........................                           340-400 (171.1-204.4).  ASTM D86
    (B) 10 pct. point.................  [deg]F ([deg]C)          400-460 (204.4-237.8).
    (C) 50 pct. point.................                           470-540 (243.3-282.2).
    (D) 90 pct. point.................                           560-630 (293.3-332.2).
    EP................................                           610-690 (321.1-365.6).
(iv) Gravity..........................  [deg]API...............  32-37.................  ASTM D4052
(v) Total sulfur......................  ppm....................  7-15..................  ASTM D2622
(vi) Hydrocarbon composition:           pct....................  27....................  ASTM D5186
 Aromatics, minimum (Remainder shall
 be paraffins, naphthenes, and
 olefins).
(vii) Flashpoint, min.................  [deg]F ([deg]C)........  130 (54.4)............  ASTM D93
(viii) Viscosity......................  centistokes............  2.0-3.2...............  ASTM D445
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.

    (3) A diesel fuel designated as ``Type 2-D'' grade meeting the
following specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications
approved by the Administrator, must be used for service accumulation:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Property                           Unit                  Type 2-D         Reference procedure \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Cetane Number.....................  .......................  38-58.................  ASTM D613
(ii) Cetane Index, minimum............  .......................  40....................  ASTM D976
(iii) 90 percent distillation.........  [deg]F.................  540-630...............  ASTM D86
(iv) Gravity..........................  [deg]API...............  30-39.................  ASTM D4052
(v) Total sulfur......................  Ppm....................  7-15..................  ASTM D2622
(vi) Flashpoint, minimum..............  [deg]F ([deg]C)........  130 (54.4)............  ASTM D93
(vii) Viscosity.......................  centistokes............  1.5-4.5...............  ASTM D445
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.

* * * * *
    (e) Natural gas. (1) A natural gas fuel meeting the following
specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications approved by
the Administrator, must be used for exhaust and evaporative emission
testing:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   Item                               Value \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Methane, CH4..............................  Minimum, 89.0 mole percent.
Ethane, C2H6..............................  Maximum, 4.5 mole percent.
C3 and higher.............................  Maximum, 2.3 mole percent.
C6 and higher.............................  Maximum, 0.2 mole percent.
Oxygen....................................  Maximum, 0.6 mole percent.
Inert gases (sum of CO2 and N2)...........  Maximum, 4.0 mole percent.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ All parameters are based on the reference procedures in ASTM D1945
  (incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1).

    (2) The natural gas at ambient conditions must have a distinctive
odor potent enough for its presence to be detected down to a
concentration in air of not over one-fifth of the lower limit of
flammability.
    (3) Natural gas representative of commercially available natural
gas fuel generally available through retail outlets shall be used in
service accumulation for natural gas-fueled vehicles.
    (4) A natural gas fuel meeting different specifications may be used
for testing and service accumulation if all the following conditions
are met:
    (i) The alternate test fuel is commercially available.
    (ii) Information acceptable to the Administrator is provided to
show that only the designated fuel will be used in customer service.
    (iii) The Administrator must provide advance written approval for
the alternate test fuel.
    (f) * * *
    (3) The specification range of the fuel to be used under paragraphs
(f)(1) and (2) of this section shall be measured in accordance with
ASTM D2163 (incorporated by reference in Sec.  86.1).
* * * * *

Sec.  86.115-00  [Removed]

    116. Section 86.115-00 is removed.

0
117. Section 86.115-78 is amended by revising the section heading and
paragraphs (a) and (b) introductory text to read as follows:

Sec.  86.115-78  EPA dynamometer driving schedules.

    (a) The driving schedules for the Urban Dynamometer Driving
Schedule, US06, SC03, and the New York City Cycles are specified in
appendix I of this part. The driving schedules are defined by a smooth
trace drawn through the specified speed vs. time relationships. They
each consist of a distinct non-repetitive series of idle, acceleration,
cruise, and deceleration modes of various time sequences and rates.
    (b) The driver should attempt to follow the target schedule as
closely as possible (refer to Sec.  86.128 for additional cycle driving
instructions). The speed tolerance at any given time for these
schedules, or for a driver's aid chart approved by the Administrator,
are as follows:
* * * * *

0
118. Section 86.117-96 is amended by revising the introductory text and
paragraphs (c) introductory text, (c)(1)(vii), and (c)(1)(ix) to read
as follows:

Sec.  86.117-96  Evaporative emission enclosure calibrations.

    The calibration of evaporative emission enclosures consists of
three parts: initial and periodic determination of enclosure background
emissions (hydrocarbons and methanol); initial determination of
enclosure internal volume; and periodic hydrocarbon and methanol
retention check and calibration. Ethanol retention checks may be
performed instead of methanol

retention checks. Alcohol retentions may be omitted if no alcohol-
fueled vehicles will be tested in the evaporative enclosure. For
evaporative and refueling emission tests with ethanol-gasoline blends
that have less than 25% ethanol by volume, if you account for ethanol
with a mathematical adjustment as described in Sec.  86.1813-
17(a)(1)(iv) instead of measuring ethanol, the testing specifications
and diagnostic requirements in this part 86 that are specific to
ethanol-gasoline blends do not apply. Alternate calibration methods may
be used if shown to yield equivalent or superior results, and if
approved in advance by the Administrator; specifically, more extreme
temperatures may be used for determining calibration without affecting
the validity of test results.
* * * * *
    (c) Hydrocarbon and methanol (organic gas) retention check and
calibration. The hydrocarbon and methanol (if the enclosure is used for
methanol-fueled vehicles) retention check provides a check upon the
calculated volume and also measures the leak rate. The enclosure leak
rate shall be determined prior to its introduction into service,
following any modifications or repairs to the enclosure that may affect
the integrity of the enclosure, and at least monthly thereafter. The
methanol retention check must be performed only upon initial
installation and after major maintenance, consistent with good
engineering judgment. If six consecutive monthly retention checks are
successfully completed without corrective action, the enclosure leak
rate may be determined quarterly thereafter as long as no corrective
action is required.
    (1) * * *
    (vii) Inject into the enclosure 0.5 to 1.0 grams of pure methanol
at a recommended temperature of at least 150[emsp14][deg]F (65 [deg]C)
and/or 0.5 to 1.0 grams of pure propane at lab ambient temperature. The
injected quantity may be measured by volume flow or by mass
measurement. The method used to measure the quantity of methanol and
propane must have an accuracy of 0.5 percent of the
measured value (less accurate methods may be used with the advance
approval of the Administrator).
* * * * *
    (ix) To verify the enclosure calibration, calculate the mass of
propane and the mass of methanol using the measurements taken in
paragraphs (c)(1)(vi) and (viii) of this section. See paragraph (d) of
this section. This quantity must be within 2 percent of
that measured in paragraph (c)(1)(vii) of this section for propane and
5 percent for methanol. Evaluate long-term trends using
good engineering judgment to minimize measurement bias. Keep records to
document such evaluations and make them available to EPA upon request.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.118-78  [Removed]

0
119A. Section 86.118-78 is removed.

Sec.  86.127-96 and 86.128-00  [Removed]

0
119B. Sections 86.127-96 and 86.128-00 are removed.

0
120. Section 86.128-79 is amended by revising paragraph (d) to read as
follows:

Sec.  86.128-79  Transmissions.

* * * * *
    (d) The vehicle shall be driven with appropriate accelerator pedal
movement necessary to achieve the speed versus time relationship
prescribed by the driving schedule. Both smoothing of speed variations
and excessive accelerator pedal perturbations are to be avoided.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.129-80  [Amended]

0
121. Section 86.129-80 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph
(a).

Sec.  86.130-00  [Removed]

0
122. Section 86.130-00 is removed.

0
123. Section 86.130-96 is amended by adding introductory text, revising
paragraph (e), and adding paragraph (f) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.130-96  Test sequence; general requirements.

    Paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section are applicable to
vehicles tested for the FTP test. Paragraph (e) of this section is
applicable to vehicles tested for the SFTP supplemental tests of air
conditioning (SC03) and aggressive driving (US06). Paragraph (f) of
this section is applicable to all emission testing.
* * * * *
    (e) The supplemental tests for exhaust emissions related to
aggressive driving (US06) and air conditioning (SC03) use are conducted
as stand-alone tests as described in Sec. Sec.  86.158 through 86.160.
These tests may be performed in any sequence that maintains the
appropriate preconditioning requirements as specified in Sec.  86.132.
    (f) If tests are invalidated after collection of emission data from
previous test segments, the test may be repeated to collect only those
data points needed to complete emission measurements. Compliance with
emission standards may be determined by combining emission measurements
from different test runs. If any emission measurements are repeated,
the new measurements supersede previous values.

Sec.  86.131-00  [Removed]

0
124. Section 86.131-00 is removed.
0
125. Section 86.131-96 is amended by adding paragraphs (f) and (g) to
read as follows:

Sec.  86.131-96  Vehicle preparation.

* * * * *
    (f) For vehicles to be tested for aggressive driving emissions
(US06), provide a throttle position sensing signal that is compatible
with the test dynamometer. This signal provides the input information
that controls dynamometer dynamic inertia weight adjustments (see
Sec. Sec.  86.108-00(b)(2)(ii) and 86.129-00(f)(2)). If a manufacturer
chooses not to implement dynamic inertia adjustments for a portion or
all of their product line, this requirement is not applicable.
    (g) You may disable any AECDs that have been approved solely for
emergency vehicle applications under paragraph (4) of the definition of
defeat device in Sec.  86.1803. The emission standards do not apply
when any of these AECDs are active.

Sec.  86.132-96  [Amended]

0
126. Section 86.132-96 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph
(k).

0
127. Section 86.134-96 is amended by revising paragraphs (g)(1)(vi),
(g)(1)(xvi), and (g)(2)(vi) and adding paragraph (g)(4) to read as
follows:

Sec.  86.134-96  Running loss test.

* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (vi) Set vehicle air conditioning controls as described in 40 CFR
1066.835.
* * * * *
    (xvi) Fuel tank pressure must not exceed 10 inches of water during
the running loss test, except that temporary exceedances are allowed
for vehicles whose tank pressure remained below 10 inches of water
during the entire outdoor driving period specified in Sec.  86.129.
These temporary pressure exceedances may not occur for more than 10
percent of the total driving time.
* * * * *
    (2) * * *

    (vi) Set vehicle air conditioning controls as described in 40 CFR
1066.835.
* * * * *
    (4) High-altitude testing. For testing under high-altitude
conditions, decrease the target ambient and fuel temperatures by
5[emsp14][deg]F. For example, the fuel temperature profile should be
adjusted downward based on a nominal starting temperature of
90[emsp14][deg]F, and the nominal temperature in the enclosure should
be 90[emsp14][deg]F.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.135-00  [Removed]

0
128. Section 86.135-00 is removed.

0
129. Section 86.135-90 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (d) to
read as follows:

Sec.  86.135-90  Dynamometer procedure.

    (a) The dynamometer run consists of two tests--a ``cold'' start
test, after a minimum 12-hour and a maximum 36-hour soak according to
the provisions of Sec. Sec.  86.132 and 86.133, and a ``hot'' start
test following the ``cold'' start by 10 minutes. Engine startup (with
all accessories turned off), operation over the UDDS and engine
shutdown make a complete cold-start test. Engine startup and operation
over the first 505 seconds of the driving schedule complete the hot
start test. The exhaust emissions are diluted with ambient air in the
dilution tunnel as shown in Figure B94-5 and Figure B94-6. A dilution
tunnel is not required for testing vehicles waived from the requirement
to measure particulate matter. Six particulate samples are collected on
filters for weighing; the first sample plus backup is collected during
the first 505 seconds of the cold-start test; the second sample plus
backup is collected during the remainder of the cold-start test
(including shutdown); the third sample plus backup is collected during
the hot start test. Continuous or batch proportional samples of gaseous
emissions are collected for analysis during each test phase. Use the
following measurement procedures for each type of engine:
    (1) For gasoline-fueled, natural gas-fueled and liquefied petroleum
gas-fueled Otto-cycle vehicles, the composite samples collected in bags
are analyzed for THC, CO, CO2, CH4, and
NOX.
    (2) For petroleum-fueled diesel-cycle vehicles (optional for
natural gas-fueled, liquefied petroleum gas-fueled and methanol-fueled
diesel-cycle vehicles), THC is sampled and analyzed continuously
according to the provisions of Sec.  86.110. Parallel samples of the
dilution air are similarly analyzed for THC, CO, CO2,
CH4, and NOX.
    (3) For natural gas-fueled, liquefied petroleum gas-fueled and
methanol-fueled vehicles, bag samples are collected and analyzed for
THC (if not sampled continuously), CO, CO2, CH4,
and NOX.
    (4) For methanol-fueled vehicles, methanol and formaldehyde samples
are taken for both exhaust emissions and dilution air (a single
dilution air formaldehyde sample, covering the total test period may be
collected). Parallel bag samples of dilution air are analyzed for THC,
CO, CO2, CH4, and NOX.
* * * * *
    (d) Practice runs over the prescribed driving schedule may be
performed at test point, provided an emission sample is not taken, for
the purpose of finding the appropriate throttle action to maintain the
proper speed-time relationship, or to permit sampling system
adjustment. Both smoothing of speed variations and excessive
accelerator pedal perturbations are to be avoided. When using two-roll
dynamometers a truer speed-time trace may be obtained by minimizing the
rocking of the vehicle in the rolls; the rocking of the vehicle changes
the tire rolling radius on each roll. This rocking may be minimized by
restraining the vehicle horizontally (or nearly so) by using a cable
and winch.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.135-94  [Removed]

0
130A. Section 86.135-94 is removed.

Sec.  86.137-90  [Removed]

0
130B. Section 86.137-90 is removed.
0
131. Section 86.137-94 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(16)
through (b)(24) to read as follows:

Sec.  86.137-94  Dynamometer test run, gaseous and particulate
emissions.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (16) Immediately after the end of the sample period, turn off the
cooling fan and close the engine compartment cover.
    (17) Turn off the CVS or disconnect the exhaust tube from the
tailpipe(s) of the vehicle.
    (18) Repeat the steps in paragraphs (b)(2) through (b)(12) of this
section for the hot start test, except only two evacuated sample bags,
two methanol sample impingers, two formaldehyde sample impingers, and
one pair of particulate sample filters, as appropriate, are required.
The step in paragraph (b)(9) of this section shall begin between 9 and
11 minutes after the end of the sample period for the cold-start test.
    (19) At the end of the deceleration scheduled to occur at 505
seconds, simultaneously turn off gas flow measuring device No. 1 (and
the petroleum-fueled diesel hydrocarbon integrator No. 1; mark the
petroleum-fueled diesel hydrocarbon recorder chart and turn off the No.
1 particulate sample pump, if applicable) and position the sample
selector valve to the ``standby'' position. (Engine shutdown is not
part of the hot start test sample period.) Record the measured roll or
shaft revolutions (and the No. 1 gas meter reading or flow measurement
instrument). Carefully remove the third pair of particulate sample
filters from the holder and place in a clean petri dish and cover, if
applicable.
    (20) As soon as possible, transfer the hot start ``transient''
exhaust and dilution air samples to the analytical system and process
the samples according to Sec.  86.140, obtaining a stabilized reading
of the exhaust bag sample on all analyzers within 20 minutes of the end
of the sample collection phase of the test. Obtain methanol and
formaldehyde sample analyses, if applicable, within 24 hours of the end
of the sample period. If it is not possible to perform analysis on the
methanol and formaldehyde samples within 24 hours, the samples should
be stored in a dark, cold (4-10 [deg]C) environment until analysis.
Analyze the samples within fourteen days.
    (21) As soon as possible, and in no case longer than one hour after
the end of the hot start phase of the test, transfer the six
particulate filters to the weighing chamber for post-test conditioning,
if applicable.
    (22) Disconnect the exhaust tube from the vehicle tailpipe(s) and
drive the vehicle from dynamometer.
    (23) The CVS or CFV may be turned off, if desired.
    (24) Vehicles to be tested for evaporative emissions proceed
according to Sec.  86.134; vehicles to be tested with the supplemental
two-diurnal test sequence for evaporative emissions proceed according
to Sec.  86.138-96(k). For all others, this completes the test
sequence.

Sec.  86.137-96  [Removed]

0
132. Section 86.137-96 is removed.

0
133. Section 86.142-90 is amended by revising paragraph (d) to read as
follows:

Sec.  86.142-90  Records required.

* * * * *
    (d) Test results. Also include a comparison of drive cycle energy
and

target cycle energy relative to both inertia and road load forces as
specified in 40 CFR 1066.425 for each drive cycle or test phase, as
appropriate.
* * * * *

0
134. Section 86.143-96 is amended by revising paragraph (c) to read as
follows:

Sec.  86.143-96  Calculations; evaporative emissions.

* * * * *
    (c) If the test fuel contains at least 25% oxygenated compounds by
volume, measure the concentration of oxygenated compounds directly
using a photoacoustic analyzer specified in 40 CFR 1065.269 or using
impingers as described in 40 CFR 1065.805(f). Calculate total
hydrocarbon equivalent emissions with the following equation, using
density values specified in 40 CFR 1066.1005(f):
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28AP14.005

Where:

mTHCE = the sum of the mass of THCE in the SHED.
mTHC = the mass of THC and all oxygenated hydrocarbons in
the SHED, as measured by the FID. Calculate THC mass based on
[rho]THC.
[rho]THC = the effective C1-equivalent density
of THC as specified in 40 CFR 1066.1005(f).
mOHCi = the mass of oxygenated species i in the SHED.
[rho]OHCi = the C1-equivalent density of
oxygenated species i.
RFOHCi[THC-FID] = the response factor of a THC-FID to
oxygenated species i relative to propane on a C1-
equivalent basis as determined in 40 CFR 1065.845.
* * * * *

0
135. Section 86.153-98 is amended by adding paragraph (b)(3) to read as
follows:

Sec.  86.153-98  Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) Manufacturers may use the procedures described in this
paragraph (b) to demonstrate compliance with the seal test for vehicles
with fuel tanks exceeding 35 gallons nominal fuel tank capacity, and
for any incomplete vehicles.
* * * * *

Sec.  86.162-00  [Removed]

0
136A. Section 86.162-00 is removed.

Sec.  86.167-17  [Removed]

0
136B. Section 86.167-17 is removed.

0
137. Subpart C is revised to consist of Sec. Sec.  86.201 and 86.213 to
read as follows:
Subpart C--Emission Regulations for 1994 and Later Model Year Gasoline-
Fueled New Light-Duty Vehicles, New Light-Duty Trucks and New Medium-
Duty Passenger Vehicles; Cold Temperature Test Procedures
Sec.
86.201 General applicability.
86.213 Fuel specifications.

Subpart C--Emission Regulations for 1994 and Later Model Year
Gasoline-Fueled New Light-Duty Vehicles, New Light-Duty Trucks and
New Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles; Cold Temperature Test
Procedures

Sec.  86.201  General applicability.

    (a) Vehicles are subject to cold temperature testing requirements
as described in subpart S of this part and 40 CFR part 600. Perform
testing to measure CO and NMHC emissions and determine fuel economy as
described in 40 CFR part 1066; see especially 40 CFR 1066.710.
    (b) Perform intermediate temperature testing as follows:
    (1) For testing during ambient temperatures of less than 50[deg]F
(10 [deg]C), perform testing as described in 40 CFR part 1066, subpart
H.
    (2) For testing at temperatures of 50[deg]F (10 [deg]C) or higher,
perform FTP testing as described in 40 CFR part 1066.
    (c) Through model year 2021, manufacturers may certify vehicles
based on data collected according to previously published cold
temperature and intermediate temperature testing procedures. In
addition, we may approve the use of previously published cold
temperature and intermediate temperature testing procedures for later
model years as an alternative procedure under 40 CFR 1066.10(c).
    (d) Section 86.213 describes special provisions related to test
fuel specifications.

Sec.  86.213  Fuel specifications.

    (a) Gasoline. Use a gasoline test fuel with ethanol (low-level
blend only) or without ethanol as follows:
    (1) You must certify using service accumulation fuel and E10 test
fuel as specified in Sec.  86.113 for any vehicles required to use a
low-level ethanol-gasoline blend test fuel for measuring exhaust
emissions. You may use this test fuel any time earlier than we specify.
    (2) You may use the test fuel specified in this paragraph (a)(2)
for vehicles that are not yet subject to exhaust testing with an
ethanol-blend test fuel under Sec.  86.113. Manufacturers may certify
based on this fuel using carryover data until testing with the ethanol-
blend test fuel is required. The following specifications apply for
gasoline test fuel without ethanol:

        Table 1 of Sec.   86.213--Cold Temperature Test Fuel Specifications for Gasoline Without Ethanol
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Item                          Regular                 Premium          Reference procedure \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(RON+MON)/2 \2\......................  87.80.3...  92.30.5...  ASTM D2699
Sensitivity``\3\.....................  7.5...................  7.5...................  ASTM D2700
Distillation Range ([deg]F):
    Evaporated initial boiling point.  76-96.................  76-96.................
    10% evaporated...................  98-118................  105-125...............
    50% evaporated...................  179-214...............  195-225...............  ASTM D86
    90% evaporated...................  316-346...............  316-346...............
    Evaporated final boiling point...  413 Maximum...........  413 Maximum...........
Hydrocarbon composition (vol %):
    Olefins..........................  12.50.5...  10.50.5...
    Aromatics........................  26.44.0...  32.04.0...  ASTM D1319
    Saturates........................  Remainder.............  Remainder.............
Lead, g/gallon.......................  0.01, Maximum.........  0.01, Maximum.........  ASTM D3237

Phosphorous, g/gallon................  0.005 Maximum.........  0.005 Maximum.........  ASTM D3231
Total sulfur, wt. % \3\..............  0.0015-0.008..........  0.0015-0.008..........  ASTM D2622
RVP, psi.............................  11.50.3...  11.50.3...  ASTM D5191
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in Sec.   86.1.
\2\ Octane specifications are optional for manufacturer testing. The premium fuel specifications apply for
  vehicles designed to use high-octane premium fuel.
\3\ Sulfur concentration will not exceed 0.0045 weight percent for EPA testing.

    (3) Manufacturers may use the E0 gasoline test fuel specified in
Sec.  86.113 for certification instead of the fuel specified in
paragraph (a)(2) of this section, as long as the change in test fuel
does not cause cold temperature NMHC, CO, or CO2 emissions
to decrease; manufacturers must keep records documenting these emission
effects and make them available to EPA upon request.
    (4) We may approve alternate fuel specifications that are
substantially equivalent to those in paragraph (a)(2) of this section
for a manufacturer's testing.
    (b) Diesel fuel. Diesel fuel for testing under this subpart must
meet the specifications for low-temperature test fuel in 40 CFR
1065.703.

Subpart D--[Removed and reserved]

0
138. Subpart D is removed and reserved.

Subpart F--[Amended]

Sec.  86.505-78  [Removed]

0
139. Remove Sec.  86.505-78.

0
140. Section 86.513-94 is redesignated as Sec.  86.513, and the newly