SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data surveys. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 54 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 41.   Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and state: Fall 1996 State or other area Total, all levels Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary unclassified Total Prekindergarten 1 Kindergarten Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States ........ 45,592,213 32,758,548 673,581 3,534,098 3,768,600 3,595,878 3,517,594 3,446,576 3,447,099 Alabama .................... 748,156 540,176 2 9,857 60,949 63,665 58,683 57,435 57,098 56,550 Alaska ........................ 129,919 94,362 2,186 10,451 10,670 10,453 10,361 10,055 10,268 Arizona ...................... 799,250 588,409 4,495 64,613 70,180 65,505 64,627 62,793 63,375 Arkansas ................... 457,349 324,448 1,980 36,442 37,370 35,236 34,021 33,855 34,270 California ................... 5,687,901 4,131,084 2 74,936 469,965 491,159 463,864 452,225 435,217 427,682 Colorado .................... 673,438 487,304 12,520 50,707 54,565 52,947 52,377 52,524 53,400 Connecticut ............... 527,129 389,374 9,147 43,213 46,391 44,172 43,092 41,969 41,354 Delaware ................... 110,549 77,981 597 8,002 8,831 8,480 8,752 8,329 8,618 District of Columbia ... 78,648 61,138 5,044 7,469 7,912 7,114 6,271 5,442 5,332 Florida ....................... 2,242,212 1,653,162 53,979 176,512 185,614 181,795 178,378 175,240 175,623 Georgia ...................... 1,346,761 990,850 25,522 112,385 114,978 110,641 107,050 105,333 104,059 Hawaii ........................ 187,653 136,184 694 16,129 16,683 15,789 15,104 14,864 14,455 Idaho ......................... 245,252 169,419 1,689 17,562 18,805 18,262 18,366 18,085 17,950 Illinois ........................ 1,973,040 1,412,176 50,857 152,268 162,304 154,385 151,499 145,919 146,745 Indiana ....................... 983,415 689,578 5,263 74,803 82,221 77,275 75,069 72,250 72,737 Iowa ........................... 502,941 341,630 5,042 37,101 36,614 35,706 35,004 34,918 36,450 Kansas ...................... 466,293 328,023 3,723 32,890 36,285 34,777 35,003 35,077 36,134 Kentucky .................... 656,089 466,177 19,428 46,450 48,209 47,697 54,703 47,018 46,850 Louisiana ................... 793,296 575,318 20,066 61,170 64,136 59,025 58,244 59,082 59,815 Maine ......................... 213,593 155,611 828 15,864 17,116 16,601 16,826 16,621 17,421 Maryland .................... 818,583 596,643 19,639 61,856 68,645 66,645 64,728 63,693 62,178 Massachusetts .......... 933,898 687,693 15,695 76,519 81,375 77,953 75,468 73,659 72,121 Michigan .................... 1,684,386 1,221,755 16,510 137,978 140,553 130,494 124,399 123,233 122,404 Minnesota .................. 847,204 588,752 8,902 62,383 64,508 63,465 63,203 63,024 65,090 Mississippi ................. 503,967 363,864 1,052 39,459 43,401 39,406 38,145 37,315 37,795 Missouri ..................... 900,042 643,053 16,099 69,239 70,822 69,002 67,308 67,529 68,653 Montana .................... 164,627 114,672 500 11,757 12,706 11,916 12,317 12,479 12,968 Nebraska ................... 291,967 202,846 4,104 21,874 22,224 21,443 21,158 21,440 22,120 Nevada ...................... 282,131 207,724 1,868 22,875 25,398 24,090 23,154 22,597 22,570 New Hampshire ......... 198,308 143,880 1,535 8,569 18,322 16,744 16,620 16,643 16,367 New Jersey 3 ............. 1,208,179 884,389 10,127 93,772 104,405 97,608 92,629 88,378 86,801 New Mexico ............... 332,632 230,012 3,894 24,324 26,283 25,132 24,163 25,029 23,933 New York ................... 2,843,131 2,000,001 31,566 210,795 235,237 223,231 214,604 205,572 200,936 North Carolina ........... 1,210,108 886,153 8,535 102,435 105,756 102,288 98,400 94,840 93,888 North Dakota ............. 120,123 82,171 619 8,464 8,788 8,702 8,698 8,736 9,170 Ohio ........................... 1,844,389 1,298,719 21,317 140,222 149,371 142,259 139,219 137,711 139,054 Oklahoma .................. 620,695 445,496 4,600 50,387 54,554 47,182 46,451 46,526 47,647 Oregon ...................... 537,854 380,239 878 39,829 42,819 42,299 41,405 41,373 42,301 Pennsylvania ............. 1,804,256 1,263,576 3,005 133,608 147,895 139,897 138,776 136,710 138,106 Rhode Island ............. 151,324 110,476 666 11,366 13,177 12,390 12,136 11,829 11,518 South Carolina ........... 653,011 467,885 2 8,603 47,374 49,497 53,547 51,849 50,598 51,214 South Dakota ............ 143,331 99,160 1,192 10,284 10,625 10,454 10,264 10,668 10,905 Tennessee ................. 905,089 657,541 2 11,924 74,529 77,450 71,962 69,451 67,330 68,002 Texas ......................... 3,828,975 2,800,017 133,303 285,002 312,533 299,334 295,300 294,431 294,703 Utah ........................... 481,812 327,981 3,784 34,882 35,848 34,914 35,088 34,227 34,890 Vermont ..................... 106,341 76,076 2,318 7,530 8,256 8,255 8,060 8,152 8,319 Virginia ...................... 1,096,093 796,302 3,917 86,542 91,234 87,710 83,443 82,571 82,768 Washington ............... 974,504 687,445 5,353 73,577 78,077 76,008 74,718 74,697 75,883 West Virginia ............. 304,052 208,970 4,433 22,485 23,092 22,233 21,615 21,944 22,224 Wisconsin .................. 879,259 605,322 19,790 62,455 64,925 63,921 63,286 64,670 65,943 Wyoming ................... 99,058 67,331   6,782 7,116 6,987 7,132 7,283 7,540 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 14,766 11,346 1,494 1,136 1,210 1,181 1,115 1,174 1,079 Guam ......................... 33,393 25,217 453 3,022 3,162 3,038 2,846 2,762 2,713 Northern Marianas .... 9,041 7,077 590 692 872 771 810 784 679 Puerto Rico ............... 618,861 454,132 373 42,399 54,821 51,137 49,959 49,998 49,308 Virgin Islands ............. 22,385 15,703   1,626 1,760 1,559 1,594 1,691 1,646 55 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 41.   Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and state: Fall 1996   Continued State or other area Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary unclassified Grades 9 through 12 and secondary unclassified Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Elementary unclassified Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Secondary unclassified 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 United States ........ 3,486,295 3,456,871 3,398,117 433,839 12,833,665 3,792,818 3,316,015 2,925,139 2,581,941 217,752 Alabama .................... 57,332 60,302 58,305   207,980 64,205 52,848 48,417 42,510   Alaska ........................ 10,176 10,115 9,627   35,557 10,621 9,426 8,140 7,370   Arizona ...................... 62,791 62,140 60,514 7,376 210,841 64,566 56,109 47,573 42,041 552 Arkansas ................... 35,288 36,779 37,064 2,143 132,901 37,160 35,335 31,889 27,613 904 California ................... 423,701 416,268 406,456 69,611 1,556,817 450,820 413,725 362,404 298,669 31,199 Colorado .................... 52,942 52,486 52,269 567 186,134 55,219 49,058 44,244 37,179 434 Connecticut ............... 40,511 39,816 37,991 1,718 137,755 41,003 35,800 32,068 28,882 2 Delaware ................... 8,610 8,942 8,820   32,568 10,057 8,956 7,108 6,447   District of Columbia ... 4,742 4,875 4,625 2,312 17,510 4,951 4,554 3,694 3,042 1,269 Florida ....................... 179,951 176,413 169,657   589,050 193,153 161,606 128,822 105,469   Georgia ...................... 104,926 103,601 102,355   355,911 119,617 92,630 78,137 65,527   Hawaii ........................ 14,612 14,016 13,786 52 51,469 16,265 13,265 11,431 10,466 42 Idaho ......................... 18,806 19,896 19,998   75,833 21,023 19,458 18,277 17,075   Illinois ........................ 157,949 146,397 141,348 2,505 560,864 157,259 145,471 132,762 123,783 1,589 Indiana ....................... 74,331 76,300 76,573 2,756 293,837 83,587 75,447 69,453 62,923 2,427 Iowa ........................... 37,604 37,890 38,801 6,500 161,311 40,892 40,277 38,093 35,650 6,399 Kansas ...................... 37,046 36,890 37,164 3,034 138,270 39,108 36,064 32,702 29,244 1,152 Kentucky .................... 48,695 49,675 49,641 7,811 189,912 55,989 48,867 43,346 38,460 3,250 Louisiana ................... 61,493 61,343 57,344 13,600 217,978 68,328 54,975 47,525 41,759 5,391 Maine ......................... 17,512 17,481 17,124 2,217 57,982 15,849 15,010 13,562 12,851 710 Maryland .................... 61,962 61,268 59,236 6,793 221,940 65,307 56,261 49,695 44,232 6,445 Massachusetts .......... 71,768 69,867 67,029 6,239 246,205 70,811 64,182 58,643 52,569   Michigan .................... 124,160 121,529 118,292 62,203 462,631 130,936 114,485 102,613 90,348 24,249 Minnesota .................. 66,003 66,293 65,881   258,452 68,569 66,904 62,566 60,413   Mississippi ................. 38,102 40,558 38,879 9,752 140,103 43,295 35,243 29,357 25,711 6,497 Missouri ..................... 69,619 68,903 69,187 6,692 256,989 72,441 67,015 60,653 54,437 2,443 Montana .................... 13,164 13,307 13,183 375 49,955 13,957 13,013 11,826 11,018 141 Nebraska ................... 22,548 23,023 22,912   89,121 24,047 23,790 21,498 19,786   Nevada ...................... 22,064 21,432 21,041 635 74,407 21,162 19,999 17,912 15,316 18 New Hampshire ......... 16,626 15,955 15,738 761 54,428 15,999 14,321 12,875 11,158 75 New Jersey 3 ............. 86,348 84,287 82,628 57,406 323,790 86,418 77,521 72,807 67,781 19,263 New Mexico ............... 25,474 25,763 26,017   102,620 29,906 25,242 21,061 17,073 9,338 New York ................... 200,565 200,259 196,724 80,512 843,130 241,927 206,802 173,915 146,738 73,748 North Carolina ........... 94,929 93,141 91,793 148 323,955 105,771 85,120 71,471 61,593   North Dakota ............. 9,352 9,699 9,943   37,952 10,230 9,785 9,251 8,686   Ohio ........................... 141,355 139,994 140,245 7,972 545,670 160,479 140,454 127,673 117,064   Oklahoma .................. 48,635 48,856 49,065 1,593 175,199 51,709 45,970 40,757 36,113 650 Oregon ...................... 42,643 42,215 42,862 1,615 157,615 44,713 40,751 36,762 34,794 595 Pennsylvania ............. 136,933 136,632 136,746 15,268 540,680 152,058 136,714 124,788 114,183 12,937 Rhode Island ............. 11,472 11,758 11,104 3,060 40,848 12,191 10,609 9,453 8,428 167 South Carolina .......... 52,384 52,194 50,625   185,126 61,962 48,314 39,304 35,546   South Dakota ............ 11,235 11,430 11,377 726 44,171 12,497 11,313 10,521 9,552 288 Tennessee ................. 68,216 68,098 66,465 14,114 247,548 75,906 65,631 55,679 50,332   Texas ......................... 298,077 296,668 290,666   1,028,958 343,867 264,238 225,778 195,075   Utah ........................... 35,307 36,225 36,860 5,956 153,831 38,742 38,071 37,623 34,795 4,600 Vermont ..................... 8,331 8,481 8,374   30,265 8,486 7,697 7,130 6,622 330 Virginia ...................... 85,407 82,668 80,842 29,200 299,791 88,721 77,806 68,649 64,497 118 Washington ............... 76,591 76,508 76,033   287,059 81,336 75,648 67,840 62,235   West Virginia ............. 22,709 23,478 24,150 607 95,082 25,994 24,561 22,787 21,215 525 Wisconsin .................. 67,317 66,527 66,488   273,937 75,097 71,308 66,990 60,542   Wyoming ................... 7,981 8,230 8,270 10 31,727 8,612 8,366 7,615 7,129 5 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 1,035 1,010 912   3,420 1,004 876 731 739 70 Guam ......................... 2,502 2,341 2,370 8 8,176 3,285 2,133 1,500 1,258   Northern Marianas .... 662 637 580   1,964 617 487 497 363   Puerto Rico ............... 48,425 50,640 47,449 9,623 164,729 45,691 44,692 37,755 32,361 4,230 Virgin Islands ............. 1,642 1,959 1,517 709 6,682 2,429 1,204 1,402 1,063 584 1 Data include imputations for nonrespondents. 2 Includes imputations for underreporting. 3 Data imputed by the National Center for Education Statistics based on previous year's data.   Data not reported or not applicable.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 56 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 42.   Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and state: Fall 1995 State or other area Total, all levels Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary unclassified Total Prekindergarten 1 Kindergarten Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States ........ 44,840,481 32,340,501 636,846 3,536,227 3,670,903 3,507,022 3,444,740 3,430,583 3,437,943 Alabama .................... 746,149 539,309 2 9,324 59,739 61,694 57,452 57,732 56,486 57,142 Alaska ........................ 127,618 93,434 2,419 10,567 10,444 10,352 10,030 10,222 10,112 Arizona ...................... 743,566 548,526 4,027 61,420 64,215 61,418 59,828 60,202 59,894 Arkansas ................... 453,257 322,440 1,525 36,731 36,369 34,257 33,621 33,955 34,875 California ................... 5,536,406 4,041,224 2 69,182 472,334 466,167 453,020 435,380 428,553 424,838 Colorado .................... 656,279 478,881 10,472 50,316 52,767 51,786 52,030 52,783 52,646 Connecticut ............... 517,935 384,274 8,093 44,148 45,969 43,030 42,010 41,365 40,650 Delaware ................... 108,461 77,028 670 7,775 8,579 8,721 8,425 8,527 8,362 District of Columbia ... 79,802 61,836 5,387 7,736 7,931 6,533 6,063 5,852 5,332 Florida ....................... 2,176,222 1,613,510 51,123 176,767 180,182 175,891 172,039 173,169 175,358 Georgia ...................... 1,311,126 965,707 22,621 111,462 110,955 105,752 103,936 103,072 102,516 Hawaii ........................ 187,180 135,671 609 16,562 16,013 15,546 15,106 14,867 14,489 Idaho ......................... 243,097 169,556 1,665 17,750 18,260 18,285 17,952 17,640 18,626 Illinois ........................ 1,943,623 1,390,475 45,947 151,485 154,534 149,128 142,500 142,660 142,836 Indiana ....................... 977,263 684,348 4,901 73,833 80,279 74,964 71,585 72,356 73,101 Iowa ........................... 502,343 343,997 5,957 37,629 36,107 35,029 34,884 36,431 37,204 Kansas ...................... 463,008 328,701 3,209 33,925 35,538 35,037 35,100 36,004 36,596 Kentucky .................... 659,821 468,242 20,290 45,038 47,250 45,845 56,613 46,834 48,572 Louisiana ................... 797,366 580,348 19,440 61,323 63,719 59,414 59,552 61,315 61,232 Maine ......................... 213,569 156,016 821 16,826 17,250 17,003 16,568 17,419 17,397 Maryland .................... 805,544 590,155 19,092 63,232 67,348 65,055 63,940 62,207 61,814 Massachusetts .......... 915,007 674,588 14,792 79,163 79,565 75,647 73,380 71,800 71,606 Michigan .................... 1,641,456 1,191,671 8,870 141,238 134,513 125,809 124,197 122,266 123,894 Minnesota .................. 835,166 586,080 8,340 63,896 63,268 62,511 62,564 64,545 65,191 Mississippi ................. 506,272 366,186 1,083 39,632 42,510 39,015 37,304 38,004 38,332 Missouri ..................... 889,881 635,771 16,225 68,513 69,659 67,080 66,928 68,159 68,889 Montana .................... 165,547 116,403 519 12,214 12,519 12,279 12,535 12,899 13,200 Nebraska ................... 289,744 203,022 3,853 22,282 21,748 21,082 21,210 21,886 22,351 Nevada ...................... 265,041 195,892 1,631 22,074 23,301 22,368 21,752 21,784 21,253 New Hampshire ......... 194,171 141,721 1,357 8,859 17,973 16,601 16,566 16,275 16,480 New Jersey ............... 1,197,381 880,350 9,301 93,978 102,521 95,581 91,352 88,686 86,889 New Mexico ............... 329,640 229,239 3,426 24,329 26,152 24,703 24,395 24,200 24,407 New York ................... 2,813,230 1,980,208 32,087 216,112 231,136 218,744 209,174 203,089 200,446 North Carolina ........... 1,183,090 871,320 9,013 100,525 101,945 96,229 92,552 90,795 90,445 North Dakota ............. 119,100 82,333 551 8,573 8,824 8,678 8,590 9,017 9,201 Ohio ........................... 1,836,015 1,297,313 18,997 141,589 148,354 140,090 138,135 138,942 140,465 Oklahoma .................. 616,393 445,780 5,470 48,635 54,178 46,642 46,456 47,407 48,073 Oregon ...................... 527,914 375,966 855 39,875 41,952 40,802 40,790 41,721 42,083 Pennsylvania ............. 1,787,533 1,256,621 3,502 134,584 146,077 139,562 136,887 137,850 135,565 Rhode Island ............. 149,799 109,815 531 10,947 13,868 12,343 12,053 11,596 11,439 South Carolina ........... 645,586 463,305 2 8,067 39,964 55,944 51,837 50,451 50,860 51,338 South Dakota ............ 144,685 101,491 1,475 10,609 10,700 10,365 10,675 10,937 11,234 Tennessee ................. 893,770 650,601 2 11,168 73,962 76,015 69,266 67,326 67,705 67,859 Texas ......................... 3,748,167 2,757,273 133,754 281,708 303,928 294,298 291,993 292,191 293,834 Utah ........................... 477,121 327,790 3,455 34,645 34,857 34,782 33,937 34,598 34,976 Vermont ..................... 105,565 75,227 1,111 7,953 8,371 8,067 8,200 8,287 8,327 Virginia ...................... 1,079,854 787,945 3,111 87,618 89,183 83,414 82,713 82,797 83,955 Washington ............... 956,572 680,009 5,984 73,581 75,721 73,810 73,888 75,186 75,599 West Virginia ............. 307,112 211,008 3,499 22,577 22,875 21,610 21,991 22,178 22,478 Wisconsin .................. 870,175 602,964 18,045 62,859 64,574 63,141 64,541 65,427 66,577 Wyoming ................... 99,859 68,931   7,135 7,102 7,148 7,311 7,577 7,965 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 14,576 11,207 1,458 1,162 1,189 1,142 1,181 1,089 1,052 Guam ......................... 32,960 24,877 962 2,961 2,994 2,856 2,739 2,722 2,549 Northern Marianas .... 8,809 6,825 560 598 781 781 805 683 667 Puerto Rico ............... 627,620 460,585 255 44,566 54,545 50,423 49,531 49,762 49,863 Virgin Islands ............. 22,737 16,342   1,638 1,647 1,654 1,717 1,655 1,712 57 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 42.   Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and state: Fall 1995   Continued State or other area Prekindergarten through grade 8 and elementary unclassified Grades 9 through 12 and secondary unclassified Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Elementary unclassified Total Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Secondary unclassified 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 United States ........ 3,395,307 3,422,290 3,356,338 502,302 12,499,980 3,704,455 3,237,391 2,826,023 2,487,135 244,976 Alabama .................... 58,704 61,122 59,914   206,840 65,299 53,780 46,780 40,981   Alaska ........................ 9,870 9,845 9,573   34,184 10,263 9,045 7,765 7,111   Arizona ...................... 58,281 58,829 56,407 4,005 195,040 59,346 52,654 43,547 39,197 296 Arkansas ................... 35,104 37,023 36,696 2,284 130,817 37,005 35,209 30,566 27,083 954 California ................... 413,776 409,978 399,039 68,957 1,495,182 437,974 396,020 343,419 287,428 30,341 Colorado .................... 51,856 52,282 51,180 763 177,398 52,472 47,128 41,751 35,480 567 Connecticut ............... 39,468 38,253 37,320 3,968 133,661 39,380 34,797 31,198 28,282 4 Delaware ................... 8,520 8,883 8,566   31,433 10,112 8,325 6,785 6,211   District of Columbia ... 4,980 5,052 4,749 2,221 17,966 5,159 4,896 3,700 2,972 1,239 Florida ....................... 174,079 171,381 163,521   562,712 182,980 154,030 126,183 99,519   Georgia ...................... 103,015 102,287 100,091   345,419 117,429 90,117 74,137 63,736   Hawaii ........................ 14,617 14,022 13,793 47 51,509 16,277 13,274 11,442 10,478 38 Idaho ......................... 19,392 19,857 20,129   73,541 20,195 19,349 17,904 16,093   Illinois ........................ 138,679 133,484 132,678 56,544 553,148 149,289 139,115 122,384 107,244 35,116 Indiana ....................... 74,734 77,279 78,278 3,038 292,915 83,436 76,232 67,902 62,659 2,686 Iowa ........................... 37,117 38,833 38,715 6,091 158,346 41,385 39,680 36,861 34,565 5,855 Kansas ...................... 36,534 37,317 36,782 2,659 134,307 38,484 35,290 31,064 28,491 978 Kentucky .................... 49,131 51,000 50,091 7,578 191,579 56,572 49,429 43,614 38,797 3,167 Louisiana ................... 60,647 62,873 57,918 12,915 217,018 68,655 55,225 47,422 40,663 5,053 Maine ......................... 17,280 17,206 16,771 1,475 57,553 16,007 14,636 13,773 12,670 467 Maryland .................... 61,099 60,747 58,835 6,786 215,389 64,468 54,286 47,345 42,974 6,316 Massachusetts .......... 69,122 67,176 65,724 6,613 240,419 68,623 62,856 57,029 51,911   Michigan .................... 120,347 120,121 118,996 51,420 449,785 129,820 112,588 99,551 87,840 19,986 Minnesota .................. 64,439 65,677 65,649   249,086 67,226 64,478 59,589 57,793   Mississippi ................. 38,737 41,223 39,809 10,537 140,086 43,241 35,552 28,587 25,741 6,965 Missouri ..................... 67,847 69,368 66,493 6,610 254,110 72,575 66,804 59,378 52,939 2,414 Montana .................... 13,153 13,407 13,342 336 49,144 13,921 12,569 11,635 10,897 122 Nebraska ................... 22,777 22,817 23,016   86,722 23,813 23,184 20,450 19,275   Nevada ...................... 20,616 20,449 19,970 694 69,149 19,661 18,773 16,553 14,143 19 New Hampshire ......... 15,805 15,798 15,487 520 52,450 15,420 13,597 12,387 10,996 50 New Jersey ............... 84,950 83,920 81,997 61,175 317,031 84,649 76,042 70,493 65,647 20,200 New Mexico ............... 25,300 26,434 25,893   100,401 29,164 24,981 20,195 17,078 8,983 New York ................... 197,470 199,440 194,347 78,163 833,022 235,320 205,305 178,043 142,841 71,513 North Carolina ........... 88,925 89,747 88,056 23,088 311,770 100,505 82,512 69,100 59,653   North Dakota ............. 9,270 9,770 9,859   36,767 9,927 9,377 8,950 8,513   Ohio ........................... 137,737 141,979 142,469 8,556 538,702 159,777 138,771 125,275 114,879   Oklahoma .................. 48,683 49,709 49,012 1,515 170,613 49,992 45,289 38,997 35,733 602 Oregon ...................... 41,735 42,449 42,141 1,563 151,948 42,438 39,326 36,420 33,202 562 Pennsylvania ............. 133,770 137,376 136,069 15,379 530,912 150,460 134,653 121,885 111,050 12,864 Rhode Island ............. 11,586 11,515 11,032 2,905 39,984 11,922 10,530 9,113 8,263 156 South Carolina .......... 51,322 52,214 51,308   182,281 60,808 48,165 38,508 34,800   South Dakota ............ 11,143 11,583 11,654 1,116 43,194 12,176 11,388 10,090 9,116 424 Tennessee ................. 66,227 68,309 66,513 16,251 243,169 74,398 64,144 55,308 49,319   Texas ......................... 288,502 292,190 284,875   990,894 335,819 255,132 213,714 186,229   Utah ........................... 35,877 36,693 38,090 5,880 149,331 37,941 38,485 36,487 32,006 4,412 Vermont ..................... 8,553 8,352 8,006   30,338 8,125 7,465 6,909 6,507 1,332 Virginia ...................... 82,996 81,619 81,254 29,285 291,909 86,779 76,045 66,764 62,204 117 Washington ............... 75,313 75,875 75,052   276,563 78,514 73,402 65,035 59,612   West Virginia ............. 22,825 24,521 25,089 1,365 96,104 26,261 24,769 22,052 21,844 1,178 Wisconsin .................. 65,289 66,723 65,788   267,211 74,700 70,262 64,458 57,791   Wyoming ................... 8,108 8,283 8,302   30,928 8,293 8,430 7,526 6,679   Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 1,042 941 951   3,369 915 837 796 756 65 Guam ......................... 2,384 2,342 2,368   8,083 2,862 2,122 1,666 1,433   Northern Marianas .... 642 712 596   1,984 575 536 406 467   Puerto Rico ............... 47,978 51,731 48,934 12,997 167,035 45,673 44,939 38,184 32,535 5,704 Virgin Islands ............. 1,577 2,285 1,607 850 6,395 1,774 1,629 1,251 1,102 639 1 Data include imputations for nonrespondents. 2 Includes imputations for underreporting.   Data not reported or not applicable. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared April 1997.) 58 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 43.   Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade: Fall 1982 to fall 1996 Grade Fall 1982 Fall 1983 Fall 1984 Fall 1985 Fall 1986 Fall 1987 Fall 1988 Fall 1989 Fall 1990 Fall 1991 Fall 1992 Fall 1993 Fall 1994 Fall 1995 Fall 1996 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 In thousands All grades ............... 39,566 39,252 39,208 39,422 39,753 40,008 40,189 40,543 41,217 42,047 42,823 43,465 44,111 44,840 45,592 Elementary ..................... 27,161 26,981 26,905 27,034 27,420 27,933 28,501 29,152 29,878 30,506 31,088 31,504 31,898 32,341 32,759 Prekindergarten ......... 106 105 109 151 183 193 225 262 303 375 505 545 603 637 674 Kindergarten .............. 2,740 2,754 2,900 3,041 3,127 3,196 3,208 3,225 3,306 3,311 3,313 3,377 3,444 3,536 3,534 1st grade .................... 2,937 3,080 3,113 3,239 3,358 3,407 3,460 3,485 3,499 3,556 3,542 3,529 3,593 3,671 3,769 2nd grade .................. 2,790 2,781 2,904 2,941 3,054 3,173 3,223 3,289 3,327 3,360 3,431 3,429 3,440 3,507 3,596 3rd grade ................... 2,763 2,772 2,765 2,895 2,933 3,046 3,167 3,235 3,297 3,334 3,361 3,437 3,439 3,445 3,518 4th grade ................... 2,798 2,758 2,772 2,771 2,896 2,938 3,051 3,182 3,248 3,315 3,342 3,361 3,426 3,431 3,447 5th grade ................... 2,912 2,798 2,761 2,776 2,775 2,901 2,945 3,067 3,197 3,268 3,325 3,350 3,372 3,438 3,447 6th grade ................... 3,142 2,928 2,831 2,789 2,806 2,811 2,937 2,987 3,110 3,239 3,303 3,356 3,381 3,395 3,486 7th grade ................... 3,288 3,247 3,036 2,938 2,899 2,910 2,905 3,027 3,067 3,181 3,299 3,355 3,404 3,422 3,457 8th grade ................... 3,123 3,222 3,186 2,982 2,870 2,839 2,853 2,853 2,979 3,020 3,129 3,249 3,302 3,356 3,398 Elementary ungraded 563 535 528 511 520 520 527 540 543 545 539 515 494 502 434 Secondary ...................... 12,405 12,271 12,304 12,388 12,333 12,076 11,687 11,390 11,338 11,541 11,735 11,961 12,213 12,500 12,834 9th grade ................... 3,248 3,330 3,440 3,439 3,256 3,143 3,106 3,141 3,169 3,313 3,352 3,487 3,604 3,704 3,793 10th grade ................. 3,137 3,103 3,145 3,230 3,215 3,020 2,895 2,868 2,896 2,915 3,027 3,050 3,131 3,237 3,316 11th grade ................. 2,917 2,861 2,819 2,866 2,954 2,936 2,749 2,629 2,612 2,645 2,656 2,751 2,748 2,826 2,925 12th grade ................. 2,787 2,678 2,599 2,550 2,601 2,681 2,650 2,473 2,381 2,392 2,431 2,424 2,488 2,487 2,582 Secondary ungraded 315 299 300 303 308 296 288 279 282 275 269 248 242 245 218 Percent All grades ............... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Elementary ..................... 68.6 68.7 68.6 68.6 69.0 69.8 70.9 71.9 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.3 72.1 71.9 Prekindergarten ......... 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 Kindergarten .............. 6.9 7.0 7.4 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.9 7.8 1st grade .................... 7.4 7.8 7.9 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.5 8.5 8.3 8.1 8.1 8.2 8.3 2nd grade .................. 7.1 7.1 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9 3rd grade ................... 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.6 7.9 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.7 4th grade ................... 7.1 7.0 7.1 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.6 7.8 7.9 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.6 5th grade ................... 7.4 7.1 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.2 7.3 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.6 7.7 7.6 6th grade ................... 7.9 7.5 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.6 7th grade ................... 8.3 8.3 7.7 7.5 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.5 7.4 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.6 8th grade ................... 7.9 8.2 8.1 7.6 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 Elementary ungraded 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 Secondary ...................... 31.4 31.3 31.4 31.4 31.0 30.2 29.1 28.1 27.5 27.4 27.4 27.5 27.7 27.9 28.1 9th grade ................... 8.2 8.5 8.8 8.7 8.2 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.9 7.8 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.3 10th grade ................. 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.1 7.5 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.9 7.1 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 11th grade ................. 7.4 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.3 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 12th grade ................. 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.1 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.7 Secondary ungraded 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 NOTE.   Because of changes in reporting practices and imputation of data for nonrespondents in later years, data for prekindergarten enrollment are not comparable over time. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of rounding details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems; and Common Core of Data surveys. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 59 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 44.   Average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1969   70 to 1995   96 State or other area 1969   70 1979   80 1980   81 1985   86 1989   90 1990   91 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States ........ 41,934,376 38,288,911 37,703,744 36,523,103 37,799,296 38,426,543 40,146,393 40,720,763 41,501,596 Alabama .................... 777,123 711,432 701,925 686,716 683,833 682,524 696,071 687,047 687,076 Alaska ........................ 72,489 79,945 83,745 98,535 98,213 102,585 112,869 113,874 115,958 Arizona ...................... 391,526 481,905 476,149 494,504 557,252 573,140 631,450 658,084 684,740 Arkansas ................... 414,158 423,610 417,080 408,601 403,025 408,145 416,479 420,229 423,520 California 1 ................. 4,418,423 4,044,736 4,014,917 4,245,090 4,893,341 5,065,647 5,108,907 5,198,308 5,351,475 Colorado .................... 500,388 513,475 508,750 507,876 519,419 521,899 579,682 594,019 608,633 Connecticut ............... 618,881 507,362 501,085 452,058 439,524 450,808 465,487 481,742 495,188 Delaware ................... 120,819 94,058 89,609 84,936 89,838 91,052 97,247 98,793 99,941 District of Columbia ... 138,600 91,576 85,773 76,241 71,468 69,092 70,079 71,446 71,001 Florida ....................... 1,312,693 1,464,461 1,389,487 1,442,921 1,646,583 1,714,394 1,873,199 1,927,172 1,947,777 Georgia ...................... 1,019,427 989,433 988,612 1,004,799 1,054,097 1,075,728 1,148,319 1,181,724 1,232,852 Hawaii ........................ 168,140 151,563 151,713 151,174 157,360 160,193 169,779 169,254 171,977 Idaho ......................... 170,920 189,199 190,144 198,141 203,987 209,085 223,489 225,986 228,371 Illinois ........................ 2,084,844 1,770,435 1,765,357 1,604,265 1,587,733 1,618,101 1,709,915 1,734,175 1,750,417 Indiana ....................... 1,111,043 983,444 944,424 870,463 884,568 888,177 899,585 900,017 909,553 Iowa ........................... 624,403 510,081 501,403 454,341 450,224 456,614 477,916 478,285 477,053 Kansas ...................... 470,296 382,019 374,451 371,655 388,986 397,609 410,862 413,699 416,674 Kentucky .................... 647,970 619,868 614,676 577,190 569,795 569,713 578,020 572,952 571,934 Louisiana ................... 776,555 727,601 715,844 732,230 727,125 720,551 732,202 730,148 710,925 Maine ......................... 225,146 211,400 207,554 198,358 195,089 196,229 199,125 199,387 200,700 Maryland .................... 785,989 686,336 664,866 592,383 620,617 637,370 687,455 701,594 719,433 Massachusetts .......... 1,056,207 935,960 950,675 745,991 763,231 770,802 810,028 831,918 845,270 Michigan .................... 1,991,235 1,758,427 1,711,139 1,481,068 1,446,996 1,452,700 1,474,413 1,492,653 1,554,358 Minnesota .................. 864,595 748,606 710,836 669,385 699,001 714,072 756,725 770,549 786,241 Mississippi ................. 524,623 454,401 446,515 448,117 476,048 474,029 471,367 470,974 470,657 Missouri ..................... 906,132 777,269 756,536 714,230 729,693 733,680 778,605 794,177 805,404 Montana .................... 162,664 144,608 141,641 138,829 135,406 138,341 146,849 148,325 148,616 Nebraska ................... 314,516 270,524 263,797 250,975 254,754 257,587 267,931 268,732 270,938 Nevada ...................... 113,421 134,995 138,481 143,941 173,149 185,755 217,681 229,862 243,718 New Hampshire ......... 140,203 154,187 150,316 147,561 154,915 156,579 175,968 179,892 187,067 New Jersey ............... 1,322,124 1,140,111 1,121,272 1,029,797 997,561 1,016,159 1,079,653 1,102,565 1,125,877 New Mexico ............... 259,997 253,453 240,496 252,892 290,245 291,215 310,610 314,822 330,851 New York ................... 3,099,192 2,530,289 2,475,055 2,276,842 2,244,110 2,278,531 2,404,426 2,388,973 2,463,349 North Carolina ........... 1,104,295 1,072,150 1,055,651 1,014,795 1,012,274 1,012,613 1,051,295 1,071,640 1,096,812 North Dakota ............. 141,961 118,986 111,759 108,947 109,659 109,691 111,770 111,502 111,870 Ohio ........................... 2,246,282 1,849,283 1,801,914 1,660,718 1,584,735 1,603,025 1,609,855 1,627,984 1,661,014 Oklahoma .................. 560,993 548,065 542,800 553,370 543,170 548,387 566,155 570,381 574,538 Oregon ...................... 436,736 418,593 417,009 401,476 419,771 431,806 455,492 458,107 462,108 Pennsylvania ............. 2,169,225 1,808,630 1,754,782 1,560,746 1,524,839 1,542,077 1,609,125 1,629,877 1,651,741 Rhode Island ............. 163,205 139,195 135,096 122,109 125,934 129,856 135,016 136,229 137,870 South Carolina ........... 600,292 569,612 580,132 558,716 569,029 573,138 586,178 608,699 605,526 South Dakota ............ 158,543 124,934 121,663 118,269 119,823 121,403 127,550 128,335 127,754 Tennessee ................. 836,010 806,696 797,237 762,225 761,766 767,738 796,744 806,895 819,831 Texas ......................... 2,432,420 2,608,817 2,647,288 2,923,741 3,075,333 3,085,648 3,306,297 3,364,830 3,435,010 Utah ........................... 287,405 312,813 323,048 379,249 408,917 417,609 439,484 442,617 444,679 Vermont ..................... 97,772 95,045 90,884 85,875 87,832 88,901 97,550 98,608 100,166 Virginia ...................... 995,580 955,105 938,794 904,347 989,197 1,011,513 1,065,071 1,079,496 1,098,862 Washington ............... 764,735 710,929 704,655 696,372 755,141 781,371 850,813 870,163 888,142 West Virginia ............. 372,278 353,264 351,823 330,145 301,947 300,067 291,238 287,937 285,548 Wisconsin .................. 880,609 770,554 743,505 694,351 711,466 731,088 769,717 782,395 799,391 Wyoming ................... 81,293 89,471 91,381 95,547 91,277 92,506 94,650 93,691 93,190 Outlying areas American Samoa .......       10,816 11,448 12,272 14,094 14,000 14,074 Guam ......................... 20,315   22,343 23,220 23,883 25,330 31,711 31,779 31,998 Northern Marianas ....       4,921 6,809 6,062 7,278 7,351 7,511 Puerto Rico ...............   656,709 671,661 636,268 597,436 597,418 588,484 547,561 548,788 Virgin Islands .............     23,312 23,811 18,924 19,984 20,381 20,339 19,867 1 Data for California are not strictly comparable with those for other states because California's attendance figures through 1990   91 include excused absences.   Data not available. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education; Statistics of State School Systems; and Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 60 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 45.   Enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools, by race or ethnicity and state: Fall 1986 and fall 1996 State or other area Percent distribution, fall 1986 Percent distribution, fall 1996 Total White 1 Black 1 Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaskan Native Total White 1 Black 1 Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander American Indian/ Alaskan Native 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 United States 2 ......... 100.0 70.4 16.1 9.9 2.8 0.9 100.0 64.2 16.9 14.0 3.8 1.1 Alabama ....................... 100.0 62.0 37.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 100.0 61.5 36.4 0.7 0.6 0.7 Alaska ........................... 100.0 65.7 4.3 1.7 3.3 25.1 100.0 63.1 4.7 2.9 4.5 24.8 Arizona ......................... 100.0 62.2 4.0 26.4 1.3 6.1 100.0 56.6 4.3 30.1 1.8 7.2 Arkansas ....................... 100.0 74.7 24.2 0.4 0.6 0.2 100.0 73.5 23.5 1.8 0.7 0.4 California ...................... 100.0 53.7 9.0 27.5 9.1 0.7 100.0 39.5 8.7 39.7 11.2 0.9 Colorado ....................... 100.0 78.7 4.5 13.7 2.0 1.0 100.0 72.0 5.5 18.8 2.6 1.1 Connecticut ................... 100.0 77.2 12.1 8.9 1.5 0.2 100.0 71.7 13.6 11.9 2.5 0.3 Delaware ...................... 100.0 68.3 27.7 2.5 1.4 0.2 100.0 63.9 29.9 4.3 1.8 0.2 District of Columbia ...... 100.0 4.0 91.1 3.9 0.9 0.1 100.0 4.0 87.3 7.2 1.4 0.1 Florida ........................... 100.0 65.4 23.7 9.5 1.2 0.2 100.0 56.7 25.4 15.9 1.8 0.2 Georgia ......................... 100.0 60.7 37.9 0.6 0.8 ( 3) 100.0 57.9 37.6 2.6 1.7 0.1 Hawaii ........................... 100.0 23.5 2.3 2.2 71.7 0.3 100.0 25.0 3.3 4.9 66.4 0.4 Idaho ............................. 100.0 92.6 0.3 4.9 0.8 1.3 100.0 88.0 0.7 8.9 1.2 1.3 Illinois ............................ 100.0 69.8 18.7 9.2 2.3 0.1 100.0 62.8 21.2 12.8 3.1 0.1 Indiana .......................... 100.0 88.7 9.0 1.7 0.5 0.1 100.0 85.4 11.2 2.4 0.8 0.2 Iowa .............................. 100.0 94.6 3.0 0.9 1.2 0.3 100.0 92.2 3.4 2.4 1.6 0.5 Kansas .......................... 100.0 85.6 7.6 4.4 1.9 0.6 100.0 81.9 8.6 6.5 1.9 1.1 Kentucky ....................... 100.0 89.2 10.2 0.1 0.5 ( 3) 100.0 88.9 9.9 0.5 0.6 0.1 Louisiana ...................... 100.0 56.5 41.3 0.8 1.1 0.3 100.0 50.6 46.4 1.2 1.3 0.6 Maine ............................ 100.0 98.3 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.2 100.0 97.2 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.6 Maryland ....................... 100.0 59.7 35.3 1.7 3.1 0.2 100.0 56.7 35.6 3.5 3.9 0.3 Massachusetts .............. 100.0 83.7 7.4 6.0 2.8 0.1 100.0 77.9 8.4 9.6 4.0 0.2 Michigan ....................... 100.0 76.4 19.8 1.8 1.2 0.8 100.0 75.8 18.8 2.8 1.5 1.0 Minnesota ..................... 100.0 93.9 2.1 0.9 1.7 1.5 100.0 86.5 5.2 2.2 4.1 1.9 Mississippi .................... 100.0 43.9 55.5 0.1 0.4 0.1 100.0 47.9 51.0 0.4 0.6 0.2 Missouri ........................ 100.0 83.4 14.9 0.7 0.8 0.2 100.0 81.1 16.5 1.1 1.0 0.3 Montana ........................ 100.0 92.7 0.3 0.9 0.5 5.5 100.0 87.2 0.6 1.5 0.8 9.9 Nebraska ...................... 100.0 91.4 4.4 2.4 0.8 1.0 100.0 86.4 6.0 4.9 1.3 1.4 Nevada ......................... 100.0 77.4 9.6 7.5 3.2 2.3 100.0 65.1 9.6 18.8 4.6 1.9 New Hampshire ............ 100.0 98.0 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.1 100.0 96.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.2 New Jersey ................... 100.0 69.1 17.4 10.7 2.7 0.1             New Mexico .................. 100.0 43.1 2.3 45.1 0.8 8.7 100.0 38.8 2.4 47.7 1.0 10.2 New York ...................... 100.0 68.4 16.5 12.3 2.7 0.2 100.0 56.3 20.3 17.6 5.2 0.5 North Carolina .............. 100.0 68.4 28.9 0.4 0.6 1.7 100.0 63.9 30.8 2.3 1.5 1.5 North Dakota ................ 100.0 92.4 0.6 1.1 0.8 5.0 100.0 89.1 0.9 1.1 0.7 8.1 Ohio .............................. 100.0 83.1 15.0 1.0 0.7 0.1 100.0 82.0 15.4 1.4 1.0 0.1 Oklahoma ..................... 100.0 79.0 7.8 1.6 1.0 10.6 100.0 68.8 10.5 4.3 1.3 15.1 Oregon .......................... 100.0 89.8 2.2 3.9 2.4 1.7 100.0 84.6 2.6 7.4 3.4 2.0 Pennsylvania ................ 100.0 84.4 12.6 1.8 1.2 0.1 100.0 80.2 14.2 3.7 1.8 0.1 Rhode Island ................ 100.0 87.9 5.6 3.7 2.4 0.3 100.0 78.3 7.3 10.7 3.3 0.5 South Carolina .............. 100.0 54.6 44.5 0.2 0.6 0.1 100.0 56.0 42.2 0.8 0.8 0.2 South Dakota ................ 100.0 90.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 7.6 100.0 83.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 13.8 Tennessee .................... 100.0 76.5 22.6 0.2 0.6 ( 3) 100.0 74.6 23.4 0.9 1.0 0.1 Texas ............................ 100.0 51.0 14.4 32.5 2.0 0.2 100.0 45.6 14.3 37.4 2.4 0.3 Utah .............................. 100.0 93.7 0.4 3.0 1.5 1.5 100.0 89.5 0.7 6.0 2.4 1.5 Vermont ........................ 100.0 98.4 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.6 100.0 97.3 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.6 Virginia .......................... 100.0 72.6 23.7 1.0 2.6 0.1 100.0 67.7 25.5 3.3 3.4 0.2 Washington ................... 100.0 84.5 4.2 3.8 5.1 2.3 100.0 77.5 4.8 8.3 6.7 2.7 West Virginia ................ 100.0 95.9 3.7 0.1 0.3 ( 3) 100.0 95.2 4.0 0.5 0.3 0.1 Wisconsin ..................... 100.0 86.6 8.9 1.9 1.7 1.0 100.0 82.6 9.6 3.5 2.9 1.3 Wyoming ....................... 100.0 90.7 0.9 5.9 0.6 1.9 100.0 89.0 1.2 6.2 0.8 2.8 Outlying areas American Samoa ..........             100.0       100.0   Guam ............................             100.0 5.3 1.2 0.9 92.6 0.1 Northern Marianas ........             100.0 0.8   0.0 99.2   Puerto Rico ...................             100.0     100.0     Virgin Islands ................             100.0 1.1 84.6 14.0 0.2   1 Excludes persons of Hispanic origin. 2 U. S. totals for 1996 include estimate for New Jersey. 3 Less than 0.05 percent.   Data not available.

NOTE.   The 1986   87 data were derived from the 1986 Elementary and Secondary School Civil Rights sample survey of public school districts. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, 1986 State Summaries of Elementary and Secondary School Civil Rights Survey; and National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 61 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 46.   Enrollment of 3, 4, and 5 year old children in preprimary programs, by level and control of program and by attendance status: October 1965 to October 1997 [ In thousands]

Year and age Total population, 3 to 5 years old Enrollment by level and control Enrollment by attendance Total Percent enrolled Nursery school Kindergarten Full day Part day Percent full day Public Private Public Private 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total, 3 to 5 years old 1965 ...................................... 12,549 3,407 27.1 127 393 2,291 596       1970 ...................................... 10,949 4,104 37.5 332 762 2,498 511 698 3,405 17.0 1975 ...................................... 10,185 4,955 48.7 570 1,174 2,682 528 1,295 3,659 26.1 1980 ...................................... 9,284 4,878 52.5 628 1,353 2,438 459 1,551 3,327 31.8 1985 ...................................... 10,733 5,865 54.6 846 1,631 2,847 541 2,144 3,722 36.6 1986 ...................................... 10,866 5,971 55.0 829 1,715 2,859 567 2,241 3,730 37.5 1987 ...................................... 10,872 5,931 54.6 819 1,736 2,842 534 2,090 3,841 35.2 1988 ...................................... 10,993 5,978 54.4 851 1,770 2,875 481 2,044 3,935 34.2 1989 ...................................... 11,039 6,026 54.6 930 1,894 2,704 497 2,238 3,789 37.1 1990 ...................................... 11,207 6,659 59.4 1,199 2,180 2,772 509 2,577 4,082 38.7 1991 ...................................... 11,370 6,334 55.7 996 1,828 2,967 543 2,408 3,926 38.0 1992 ...................................... 11,545 6,402 55.5 1,073 1,783 2,995 550 2,410 3,992 37.6 1993 ...................................... 11,954 6,581 55.1 1,205 1,779 3,020 577 2,642 3,939 40.1 1994 1 .................................... 12,328 7,514 61.0 1,848 2,314 2,819 534 3,468 4,046 46.2 1995 1 .................................... 12,518 7,739 61.8 1,950 2,381 2,800 608 3,689 4,051 47.7 1996 1 .................................... 12,378 7,580 61.2 1,830 2,317 2,853 580 3,562 4,019 47.0 1997 1 .................................... 12,121 7,860 64.9 2,207 2,231 2,847 575 3,922 3,939 49.9 3 years old 1965 ...................................... 4,149 203 4.9 41 153 5 4       1970 ...................................... 3,516 454 12.9 110 322 12 10 142 312 31.3 1975 ...................................... 3,177 683 21.5 179 474 11 18 259 423 37.9 1980 ...................................... 3,143 857 27.3 221 604 16 17 321 536 37.5 1985 ...................................... 3,594 1,035 28.8 278 679 52 26 350 685 33.8 1986 ...................................... 3,607 1,041 28.9 257 737 26 21 399 642 38.3 1987 ...................................... 3,569 1,022 28.6 264 703 24 31 378 644 37.0 1988 ...................................... 3,719 1,027 27.6 298 678 24 26 369 658 35.9 1989 ...................................... 3,713 1,005 27.1 277 707 3 18 390 615 38.8 1990 ...................................... 3,692 1,205 32.6 347 840 11 7 447 758 37.1 1991 ...................................... 3,811 1,074 28.2 313 702 38 22 388 687 36.1 1992 ...................................... 3,905 1,081 27.7 336 685 26 34 371 711 34.3 1993 ...................................... 4,053 1,097 27.1 369 687 20 20 426 670 38.9 1994 1 .................................... 4,081 1,385 33.9 469 887 19 9 670 715 48.4 1995 1 .................................... 4,148 1,489 35.9 511 947 15 17 754 736 50.6 1996 1 .................................... 4,045 1,506 37.2 511 947 22 26 657 848 43.7 1997 1 .................................... 3,947 1,528 38.7 643 843 25 18 754 774 49.4 4 years old 1965 ...................................... 4,238 683 16.1 68 213 284 118       1970 ...................................... 3,620 1,007 27.8 176 395 318 117 230 776 22.8 1975 ...................................... 3,499 1,418 40.5 332 644 313 129 411 1,008 29.0 1980 ...................................... 3,072 1,423 46.3 363 701 239 120 467 956 32.8 1985 ...................................... 3,598 1,766 49.1 496 859 276 135 643 1,123 36.4 1986 ...................................... 3,616 1,772 49.0 498 903 257 115 622 1,150 35.1 1987 ...................................... 3,597 1,717 47.7 431 881 280 125 548 1,169 31.9 1988 ...................................... 3,598 1,768 49.1 481 922 261 104 519 1,249 29.4 1989 ...................................... 3,692 1,882 51.0 524 1,055 202 100 592 1,290 31.4 1990 ...................................... 3,723 2,087 56.1 695 1,144 157 91 716 1,371 34.3 1991 ...................................... 3,763 1,994 53.0 584 982 287 140 667 1,326 33.5 1992 ...................................... 3,807 1,982 52.1 602 971 282 126 632 1,350 31.9 1993 ...................................... 4,044 2,178 53.9 719 957 349 154 765 1,413 35.1 1994 1 .................................... 4,202 2,532 60.3 1,020 1,232 198 82 1,095 1,438 43.2 1995 1 .................................... 4,145 2,553 61.6 1,054 1,208 207 84 1,104 1,449 43.3 1996 1 .................................... 4,148 2,454 59.2 1,029 1,168 180 77 1,034 1,420 42.1 1997 1 .................................... 4,033 2,665 66.1 1,197 1,169 207 92 1,161 1,505 43.5 5 years old 1965 ...................................... 4,162 2,521 60.6 18 27 2,002 474       1970 ...................................... 3,814 2,643 69.3 45 45 2,168 384 326 2,317 12.3 1975 ...................................... 3,509 2,854 81.3 59 57 2,358 381 625 2,228 21.9 1980 ...................................... 3,069 2,598 84.7 44 48 2,183 322 763 1,835 29.4 1985 ...................................... 3,542 3,065 86.5 73 94 2,519 379 1,151 1,914 37.6 1986 ...................................... 3,643 3,157 86.7 75 75 2,576 432 1,220 1,937 38.6 1987 ...................................... 3,706 3,192 86.1 124 152 2,538 378 1,163 2,028 36.4 1988 ...................................... 3,676 3,184 86.6 72 170 2,590 351 1,155 2,028 36.3 1989 ...................................... 3,633 3,139 86.4 129 132 2,499 378 1,255 1,883 40.0 1990 ...................................... 3,792 3,367 88.8 157 196 2,604 411 1,414 1,953 42.0 1991 ...................................... 3,796 3,267 86.0 100 143 2,642 382 1,354 1,913 41.4 1992 ...................................... 3,832 3,339 87.1 135 127 2,688 390 1,408 1,931 42.2 1993 ...................................... 3,857 3,306 85.7 116 136 2,651 403 1,451 1,856 43.9 1994 1 .................................... 4,044 3,597 88.9 359 194 2,601 442 1,704 1,893 47.4 1995 1 .................................... 4,224 3,697 87.5 385 226 2,578 507 1,830 1,867 49.5 1996 1 .................................... 4,185 3,621 86.5 290 202 2,652 477 1,870 1,750 51.7 1997 1 .................................... 4,141 3,667 88.5 368 219 2,616 465 2,007 1,660 54.7 1 Data collected using new procedures. May not be comparable with figures prior to 1994.   Data not available.

NOTE.   Data are based on sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutional population. Although cells with fewer than 75,000 children are subject to wide sampling variation, they are included in the table to permit various types of aggregations. Enrollment data for 5 year olds include only those students in preprimary programs. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Preprimary Enrollment, various years; and U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Survey, unpublished data. ( This table was prepared September 1998.) 62 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 47.   Children of prekindergarten through second grade age, by enrollment status, maternal characteristics, and household income: 1991, 1993, and 1995 Maternal characteristics and household income 3 to 5 year olds, not enrolled in school 1 Enrolled in nursery school or prekindergarten Enrolled in kindergarten Enrolled in 1st grade Enrolled in 2nd grade 1991 1993 1995 1991 1993 1995 1991 1993 1995 1991 1993 1995 1991 1993 1995 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Total children, in. thousands ................... 4,853 4,670 4,595 3,571 3,938 4,655 4,022 4,027 4,149 4,001 3,988 4,025 3,724 3,436 3,777 Percent distribution Mother's highest education 2 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Less than high school .... 18 19 22 8 11 10 16 14 17 16 14 16 16 16 20 High school diploma 3 ..... 43 42 35 32 29 28 40 38 33 38 38 31 38 35 31 Some postsecondary ...... 23 24 21 29 31 23 24 27 22 24 26 24 26 27 21 Associate degree ............ 4 3 7 5 5 9 4 5 7 4 5 7 4 4 8 Bachelor's degree ........... 9 8 10 17 14 19 11 10 14 12 11 14 10 10 13 Graduate/ professional school ........................... 4 4 5 10 11 12 5 6 8 7 7 8 6 8 8 Mother's employment status 2 .................................. 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Working 35 hours/ week or more ......................... 34 30 33 34 35 38 35 38 36 38 38 39 39 37 41 Working less than 35 hours/ week ................... 21 19 18 27 23 24 22 20 21 24 22 21 22 22 21 Looking for work ............. 7 8 7 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 5 7 6 5 Not in labor force ............ 39 43 42 34 35 32 37 36 38 32 34 36 32 34 33 Household income ............... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 $ 10,000 or less ............... 20 19 23 15 17 16 18 19 19 19 18 17 18 17 19 $ 10,001 to $ 20,000 ........ 19 22 16 14 14 10 17 18 13 17 18 13 17 17 12 $ 20,001 to $ 30,000 ........ 23 21 19 17 14 13 21 17 16 20 17 17 19 18 16 $ 30,001 to $ 40,000 ........ 16 17 16 16 15 12 15 15 15 15 15 14 15 15 16 $ 40,001 to $ 50,000 ........ 10 9 11 12 11 12 11 10 12 11 11 11 12 11 11 $ 50,000 to $ 75,000 ........ 8 8 11 16 16 19 12 13 14 11 12 16 12 14 15 More than $ 75,000 ......... 3 4 5 11 13 17 7 8 11 7 8 12 7 8 10 1 Includes a very small number of older children of first and second grade age. 2 Excludes data for households with no mother present. 3 Includes equivalency certificates.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey ( NHES), 1991, 1993, and 1995. ( This table was prepared October 1997.)

Table 48.   Percent of public school kindergarten teachers indicating the importance of various factors for kindergarten readiness: Spring 1993 Kindergarten readiness factors Not at all important Not very important Somewhat important Very important Essential Percent rating readiness factor as `` Very important'' or `` Essential,'' by percentage of school's students eligible for free or reduced price lunches Less than 20 percent 20 to 49 percent 50 percent or more 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Is physically healthy, rested, and well nourished ....................... 0 ( 1) 4 24 72 97 95 95 Finishes tasks ............................................................................. 3 11 47 31 9 43 40 37 Can count to 20 or more ............................................................ 33 34 26 5 3 8 6 9 Takes turns and shares .............................................................. 2 8 34 37 19 64 55 52 Has good problem solving skills ................................................. 8 23 44 20 5 29 23 23 Is enthusiastic and curious in approaching new activities ......... 1 3 19 43 33 83 76 73 Is able to use pencils or paint brushes ...................................... 15 27 38 16 5 23 21 19 Is not disruptive of the class ....................................................... 2 8 30 36 24 61 58 61 Knows the English language ...................................................... 13 12 33 24 17 40 45 39 Is sensitive to other children's feelings ....................................... 1 6 35 41 17 61 58 56 Sits still and pays attention ......................................................... 3 12 43 30 12 46 37 43 Knows the letters of the alphabet ............................................... 27 30 33 6 4 7 9 13 Can follow directions ................................................................... 2 7 31 41 19 61 61 58 Identifies primary colors and basic shapes ................................ 13 24 40 17 7 22 21 27 Communicates needs, wants, and thoughts verbally in child's primary language ......................................................... 1 1 15 41 43 85 84 83 1 Less than 0.5 percent. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Kindergarten Teacher Survey on Student Readiness. ( This table was prepared April 1994.) 63 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 49.   Child care arrangements of preschool children, by age and household characteristics: 1991 and 1995 Characteristics Children 1 Percent in nonparental arrangements 2 Percent with parental care only Number, in thousands Percent Relative care Nonrelative care Center based program 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1991 Age, total ................................... 8,428 100.0 16.9 14.8 52.8 31.0 3 years old ........................... 3,749 44.5 16.1 14.8 42.3 37.8 4 years old ........................... 3,636 43.1 18.1 14.8 60.4 25.9 5 years old ........................... 1,044 12.4 15.6 15.0 63.9 24.3 Race/ ethnicity White, non hispanic ............. 5,867 69.6 14.8 17.3 54.0 30.6 Black, non hispanic .............. 1,239 14.7 24.1 7.9 58.2 25.0 Hispanic ............................... 1,002 11.9 19.5 9.7 38.9 40.6 Other .................................... 319 3.8 19.3 12.1 53.2 32.6 Household income $ 10,000 or less .................... 1,495 17.7 16.8 6.3 44.9 42.4 10,001 to 20,000 .................. 1,437 17.0 19.3 11.8 44.5 35.9 20,001 to 30,000 .................. 1,711 20.3 18.9 12.9 44.5 38.5 30,001 to 40,000 .................. 1,319 15.7 15.9 15.7 53.2 29.7 40,001 to 50,000 .................. 936 11.1 16.6 21.4 60.0 23.1 50,001 to 75,000 .................. 974 11.6 15.6 21.9 68.4 15.2 More than 75,000 ................. 556 6.6 9.6 25.9 80.4 8.8 1995 Age, total ................................... 9,232 100.0 19.4 16.9 55.1 25.9 3 years old ........................... 4,126 44.7 21.4 18.5 40.7 32.0 4 years old ........................... 4,065 44.0 18.3 15.3 64.7 22.2 5 years old ........................... 1,041 11.3 15.1 17.2 74.5 16.2 Race/ ethnicity White, non hispanic ............. 6,337 68.6 16.5 19.4 56.9 25.2 Black, non hispanic .............. 1,396 15.1 28.6 11.3 59.5 20.3 Hispanic ............................... 1,042 11.3 22.8 12.5 37.4 38.4 Other .................................... 457 5.0 22.6 10.5 56.7 24.2 Household income $ 10,000 or less .................... 1,795 19.4 18.1 10.5 48.8 34.4 10,001 to 20,000 .................. 1,204 13.0 25.2 15.1 44.6 32.7 20,001 to 30,000 .................. 1,484 16.1 20.7 13.5 45.5 34.2 30,001 to 40,000 .................. 1,319 14.3 20.0 20.3 46.1 29.7 40,001 to 50,000 .................. 1,037 11.2 18.1 19.8 55.5 23.1 50,001 to 75,000 .................. 1,381 15.0 18.8 19.1 71.1 11.8 More than 75,000 ................. 1,012 11.0 13.7 25.2 82.2 7.8 1 Estimates are based only on children 3 to 5 years old who have not entered kindergarten

2 Columns do not add up to total because some children participated in more than one type of nonparental arrangement. 3 Center based programs include day care centers, nursery schools, prekindergarten, preschools and Head Start programs.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey ( NHES), 1991 and 1995. ( This table was prepared July 1996.)

Table 50.   Participation of public kindergarten children in selected activities 5 days a week, by length and size of class and teacher preparation: Spring 1993 Activity Total Percent of kindergarten classes participating in activity every day Length of kindergarten class Size of kindergarten class Teacher majored in early childhood education Full day Half day Less than 20 20 to 25 More than 25 Yes No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Listening to stories read aloud .................................................... 90 91 90 87 92 91 91 89 Running, climbing, jumping, and other gross motor activities .... 58 72 48 55 57 64 60 56 Free play ..................................................................................... 66 72 62 64 67 67 67 66 Choosing from a set of specific options ( like building blocks, objects, or books) .................................................................... 69 72 67 69 71 65 72 66 Using objects for math or science .............................................. 49 61 41 48 51 48 53 45 Dramatic play, arts and crafts, music ( creative activities) .......... 64 66 63 62 65 66 68 60 Using worksheets for literary skills ............................................. 14 25 13 21 18 17 19 18 Using worksheets for math or science ....................................... 18 20 9 17 12 15 16 12 SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Kindergarten Teacher Survey on Student Readiness. ( This table was prepared April 1994.) 64 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 51.   Number of hours children age 5 and under spend in center based programs, by child and maternal characteristics, and household income: 1995 Child and maternal characteristics, and household income Number of children, age 0 to 5,1 in thousands Children in center based progrqams 1 Percentage distribution of children, by hours in center based programs per week 1 Number in thousands Percent 1 to 10 11 to 20 21 to 30 31 to 40 Over 40 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total children ............................................................ 21,421 6,536 30.5 31.6 20.2 12.5 22.1 13.6 Age Under 1 year .............................................................. 4,158 270 6.5 9.2 17.9 11.7 47.9 13.2 1 year old ................................................................... 4,027 434 10.8 15.2 14.2 13.9 34.1 22.5 2 years old ................................................................... 4,007 749 18.7 23.7 13.2 10.8 29.2 23.1 3 years old ................................................................... 4,126 1,679 40.7 35.5 16.5 13.4 20.3 14.3 4 years old ................................................................... 4,065 2,631 64.7 37.3 25.3 11.4 16.4 9.6 5 years old ................................................................... 1,038 774 74.5 32.9 25.1 15.2 18.1 8.7 Sex Male ............................................................................. 10,993 3,276 29.8 31.4 19.8 13.9 21.1 13.9 Female ......................................................................... 10,429 3,260 31.3 31.8 20.6 11.1 23.2 13.3 Race/ ethnicity of child White ............................................................................ 13,996 4,600 32.9 37.6 20.2 12.2 17.6 12.4 Black ............................................................................ 3,344 1,103 33.0 6.7 15.2 13.0 45.8 19.2 Hispanic ....................................................................... 2,838 484 17.0 20.9 29.6 14.3 24.5 10.7 Other ............................................................................ 1,243 349 28.1 20.9 21.5 13.8 23.8 20.0 Mother's highest education Less than high school ................................................. 4,205 824 19.6 16.5 20.1 18.9 29.2 15.4 High school diploma 2 .................................................. 6,475 1,678 25.9 32.8 17.8 13.1 25.2 11.2 Some postsecondary .................................................. 4,537 1,510 33.3 32.2 23.7 8.9 19.9 15.3 Associate degree ......................................................... 1,479 507 34.3 34.6 21.4 15.4 14.8 13.8 Bachelor's degree ........................................................ 3,069 1,262 41.1 36.3 19.6 9.3 20.1 14.8 Some graduate or master's degree ............................ 1,368 640 46.8 30.7 20.0 15.9 20.8 12.6 Doctor's or professional degree .................................. 288 115 39.9 23.9 12.5 19.7 36.0 7.9 Marital status of mother No mother in household .............................................. 298 117 39.2 14.6 2.4 11.3 34.3 37.5 Married ......................................................................... 15,141 4,678 30.9 36.7 22.1 11.1 18.7 11.5 Separated .................................................................... 725 207 28.6 13.3 23.1 15.3 18.9 29.4 Divorced ....................................................................... 1,258 537 42.7 20.2 15.7 15.3 26.2 22.5 Widowed ...................................................................... 172 63 36.4 29.9 16.8 20.9 5.5 26.9 Never married .............................................................. 3,826 934 24.4 13.9 13.5 18.2 40.7 13.7 Mother's employment status 3 In labor force ............................................................... 12,770 4,576 35.8 24.5 17.5 13.6 27.0 17.4 Working more than 35 hours/ week .......................... 7,101 2,760 38.9 16.4 12.4 11.1 33.8 26.4 Working 35 hours/ week or less ............................... 4,034 1,413 35.0 40.9 27.7 15.3 12.9 3.3 Looking for work ...................................................... 1,635 403 24.7 22.5 16.8 27.5 30.2 3.0 Not in labor force ......................................................... 8,354 1,842 22.1 51.2 28.4 9.6 8.6 2.3 Household income $ 5,000 or less .............................................................. 2,066 509 24.6 17.1 26.5 15.3 32.2 8.9 $ 5,001 to $ 10,000 ....................................................... 2,437 619 25.4 18.0 22.8 18.3 32.2 8.7 $ 10,001 to $ 15,001 ..................................................... 1,521 342 22.5 17.5 19.1 17.6 27.2 18.6 $ 15,001 to $ 20,000 ..................................................... 1,388 351 25.3 23.5 22.2 16.3 22.1 15.9 $ 20,001 to $ 25,000 ..................................................... 1,603 347 21.6 23.9 11.1 14.6 31.4 19.0 $ 25,001 to $ 30,000 ..................................................... 1,783 506 28.4 25.0 19.8 14.7 22.3 18.1 $ 30,001 to $ 35,000 ..................................................... 1,453 371 25.6 37.6 15.9 11.1 27.5 8.0 $ 35,001 to $ 40,000 .................................................... 1,595 439 27.5 33.1 21.5 10.3 20.1 15.0 $ 40,001 to $ 50,000 ..................................................... 2,304 743 32.2 41.3 19.2 7.1 21.7 10.7 $ 50,001 to $ 75,000 ..................................................... 3,063 1,229 40.1 37.1 17.0 11.7 18.0 16.2 More than $ 75,000 ...................................................... 2,211 1,080 48.8 36.7 24.5 11.2 15.3 12.2 1 Excludes children who have entered kindergarten. 2 Includes equivalency certificates. 3 Excludes data for households with no mother present in household.

NOTE.   Details may not add to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey ( NHES), 1995. ( This table was prepared March 1999.) 65 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 52.   Public school pupils transported at public expense and current expenditures for transportation: 1929   30 to 1995   96 School year Average daily attendance, all students Pupils transported at public expense Expenditures for transportation ( in current dollars) Expenditures for transportation ( in constant 1995   96 dollars)

Number Percent of total Total 1 ( in thousands) Average per pupil transported Total 1 ( in thousands) Average per pupil transported 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1929   30 ........... 21,265,000 1,902,826 8.9 $ 54,823 $ 29 $ 494,839 $ 260 1931   32 ........... 22,245,000 2,419,173 10.9 58,078 24 622,394 257 1933   34 ........... 22,458,000 2,794,724 12.4 53,908 19 628,967 225 1935   36 ........... 22,299,000 3,250,658 14.6 62,653 19 704,402 217 1937   38 ........... 22,298,000 3,769,242 16.9 75,637 20 815,771 216 1939   40 ........... 22,042,000 4,144,161 18.8 83,283 20 920,732 222 1941   42 ........... 21,031,000 4,503,081 21.4 92,922 21 920,757 204 1943   44 ........... 19,603,000 4,512,412 23.0 107,754 24 955,408 212 1945   46 ........... 19,849,000 5,056,966 25.5 129,756 26 1,098,964 217 1947   48 ........... 20,910,000 5,854,041 28.0 176,265 30 1,168,796 200 1949   50 ........... 22,284,000 6,947,384 31.2 214,504 31 1,399,353 201 1951   52 ........... 23,257,000 7,697,130 33.1 268,827 35 1,580,252 205 1953   54 ........... 25,643,871 8,411,719 32.8 307,437 37 1,766,288 210 1955   56 ........... 27,740,149 9,695,819 35.0 353,972 37 2,034,322 210 1957   58 ........... 29,722,275 10,861,689 36.5 416,491 38 2,253,234 207 1959   60 ........... 32,477,440 12,225,142 37.6 486,338 40 2,557,234 209 1961   62 ........... 34,682,340 13,222,667 38.1 576,361 44 2,962,532 224 1963   64 ........... 37,405,058 14,475,778 38.7 673,845 47 3,375,561 233 1965   66 ........... 39,154,497 15,536,567 39.7 787,358 51 3,812,424 245 1967   68 ........... 40,827,965 17,130,873 42.0 981,006 57 4,456,758 260 1969   70 ........... 41,934,376 18,198,577 43.4 1,218,557 67 4,983,906 274 1971   72 ........... 42,254,272 19,474,355 46.1 1,507,830 77 5,661,233 291 1973   74 ........... 41,438,054 21,347,039 51.5 1,858,141 87 6,157,272 288 1975   76 ........... 41,269,720 21,772,483 52.8 2,377,313 109 6,622,937 304 1977   78 ........... 40,079,590 2 21,800,000 54.4 2,731,041 125 6,736,797 2 309 1979   80 ........... 38,288,911 21,713,515 56.7 3,833,145 177 7,628,469 351 1980   81 ........... 37,703,744 2 22,272,000 59.1 2 4,408,000 198 2 7,862,000 2 353 1981   82 ........... 37,094,652 2 22,246,000 60.0 2 4,793,000 215 2 7,869,000 2 354 1982   83 ........... 36,635,868 2 22,199,000 60.6 2 5,000,000 225 2 7,871,000 2 355 1983   84 ........... 36,362,978 2 22,031,000 60.6 2 5,284,000 240 2 8,021,000 2 364 1984   85 ........... 36,404,261 2 22,320,000 61.3 2 5,722,000 256 2 8,358,000 2 374 1985   86 ........... 36,523,103 2 22,041,000 60.3 2 6,123,000 278 2 8,694,000 2 394 1986   87 ........... 36,863,867 2 22,397,000 60.8 2 6,551,000 292 2 9,099,000 2 406 1987   88 ........... 37,050,707 2 22,158,000 59.8 2 6,888,000 311 2 9,187,000 2 415 1988   89 ........... 37,268,072 2 22,635,000 60.7 2 7,550,000 334 2 9,625,000 2 425 1989   90 ........... 37,799,296 2 22,459,000 59.4 8,030,990 358 9,771,908 2 435 1990   91 ........... 38,426,543 2 22,000,000 57.3 8,678,954 394 10,012,907 2 455 1991   92 ........... 38,960,783 2 23,165,000 59.5 8,769,754 379 9,803,535 2 423 1992   93 ........... 39,570,462 2 23,439,000 59.2 9,252,300 395 10,029,682 2 428 1993   94 ........... 40,146,393 2 23,858,000 59.4 9,627,155 404 10,172,521 2 426 1994   95 ........... 40,720,763 2 23,693,000 58.2 9,889,034 417 10,158,075 2 429 1995   96 ........... 41,501,596 2 24,155,000 58.2 10,394,695 430 10,394,695 2 430 1 Excludes capital outlay for years through 1979   80, and 1989   90 to 1995   96. From 1980   81 to 1988   89 total transportation figures include capital outlay. 2 Estimate based on data appearing in January issues of School Bus Fleet.

NOTE.   Constant dollars are adjusted for inflation using the Consumer Price Index computed on a school year basis. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education, and unpublished data; and Bobit Publishing Co., School Bus Fleet, January issues. ( This table was prepared September 1998.) 66 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PROGRAMS FOR THE DISABLED Table 53.   Children 0 to 21 years old served in federally supported programs for the disabled, by type of disability: 1976   77 to 1996   97 Type of disability 1976   77 1980   81 1984   85 1985   86 1986   87 1987   88 1988   89 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Number served, 1 in thousands All disabilities .................................... 3,692 4,142 4,315 4,317 4,374 4,446 4,527 4,641 4,762 4,949 5,176 5,365 5,539 5,745 5,920 Specific learning disabilities .................... 796 1,462 1,832 1,862 1,914 1,928 1,970 2,050 2,130 2,234 2,351 2,408 2,489 2,579 2,651 Speech or language impairments ........... 1,302 1,168 1,126 1,125 1,136 953 967 973 985 997 994 1,014 1,015 1,022 1,045 Mental retardation ................................... 959 829 694 660 643 582 564 548 534 538 518 536 555 570 579 Serious emotional disturbance ................ 283 346 372 375 383 373 376 381 390 399 400 414 427 438 446 Hearing impairments ............................... 87 79 69 66 65 56 56 57 58 60 60 64 64 67 68 Orthopedic impairments .......................... 87 58 56 57 57 47 47 48 49 51 52 56 60 63 66 Other health impairments ........................ 141 98 68 57 52 45 43 52 55 58 65 82 106 133 160 Visual impairments .................................. 38 31 28 27 26 22 23 22 23 24 23 24 24 25 25 Multiple disabilities ..................................   68 69 86 97 77 85 86 96 97 102 108 88 93 98 Deaf blindness ........................................   3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Autism and other .....................................                   5 19 24 30 38 45 Preschool disabled 2 ................................ ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 363 394 422 441 484 590 634 680 717 737 Percentage distribution of children served All disabilities .................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Specific learning disabilities .................... 21.6 35.3 42.4 43.1 43.8 43.4 43.6 44.2 44.7 45.1 45.4 44.9 44.9 44.9 44.8 Speech or language impairments ........... 35.3 28.2 26.1 26.1 26.0 21.4 21.1 21.0 20.7 20.2 19.2 18.9 18.3 17.8 17.6 Mental retardation ................................... 26.0 20.0 16.1 15.3 14.7 13.1 12.7 11.8 11.2 10.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.9 9.8 Serious emotional disturbance ................ 7.7 8.4 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.4 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.1 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.6 7.5 Hearing impairments ............................... 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 Orthopedic impairments .......................... 2.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 Other health impairments ........................ 3.8 2.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.7 Visual impairments .................................. 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Multiple disabilities ..................................   1.6 1.6 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.7 Deaf blindness ........................................   0.1 ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) Autism and other .....................................                   0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 Preschool disabled 2 ............................... ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 8.2 8.7 9.1 9.3 9.8 11.4 11.8 12.3 12.5 12.4 Number served as a percent of total enrollment 5 All disabilities .................................... 8.33 10.13 11.00 10.95 11.00 11.11 11.26 11.44 11.55 11.77 12.08 12.34 12.55 12.81 12.98 Specific learning disabilities .................... 1.80 3.58 4.67 4.72 4.81 4.82 4.90 5.06 5.17 5.31 5.49 5.54 5.64 5.75 5.81 Speech or language impairments ........... 2.94 2.86 2.87 2.85 2.86 2.38 2.41 2.40 2.39 2.37 2.32 2.33 2.30 2.28 2.29 Mental retardation ................................... 2.16 2.03 1.77 1.68 1.62 1.45 1.40 1.35 1.30 1.28 1.21 1.23 1.26 1.27 1.27 Serious emotional disturbance ................ 0.64 0.85 0.95 0.95 0.96 0.93 0.94 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.95 0.97 0.98 0.98 Hearing impairments ............................... 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 Orthopedic impairments .......................... 0.20 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 Other health impairments ........................ 0.32 0.24 0.17 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.19 0.24 0.30 0.35 Visual impairments .................................. 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.06 Multiple disabilities ..................................   0.17 0.17 0.22 0.24 0.19 0.21 0.21 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.20 0.21 0.21 Deaf blindness ........................................   0.01 ( 6) 0.01 ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) Autism and other .....................................                   0.01 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.10 Preschool disabled 2 ............................... ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 0.91 0.98 1.04 1.07 1.15 1.38 1.46 1.54 1.60 1.62 1 Includes students served under Chapter I and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( IDEA), formerly the Education of the Handicapped Act. 2 Includes preschool children 3   5 years and 0   5 years served under Chapter I and IDEA, respectively. 3 Prior to 1987   88, these students were included in the counts by handicapping condition Beginning in 1987   88, states were no longer required to report preschool handicapped students ( 0   5 years) by handicapping condition. 4 Less than .05 percent. 5 Based on the enrollment in public schools, kindergarten through 12th grade, including a relatively small number of prekindergarten students. 6 Less than .005 percent.   Data not available. NOTE.   Counts are based on reports from the 50 states and District of Columbia only ( i. e., figures from U. S. territories are not included). Increases since 1987   88 are due in part to new legislation enacted fall 1986, which mandates public school special education services for all handicapped children ages 3 through 5. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, various years, and unpublished tabulations; and National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 67 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PROGRAMS FOR THE DISABLED Table 54.   Percentage distribution of disabled persons 3 to 21 years old receiving education services for the disabled, by age group and educational environment: 1995   96 Type of disability All environments Regular class Resource room Separate class Public separate school facility Private separate school facility Public residential facility Private residential facility Homebound/ hospital environment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All persons, 3 to 21 years old .................................... 100.0 45.4 26.8 23.2 2.2 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.7 3 to 5 years old ....................... 100.0 50.7 9.3 31.7 4.1 1.5 0.1 0.1 2.5 6 to 21 years old ..................... 100.0 44.8 28.5 22.4 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.6 Mental retardation ............... 100.0 9.9 26.9 56.0 5.2 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.5 Speech or language impairments ...................... 100.0 87.6 7.5 4.5 0.2 0.1 ( 1) ( 1) 0.1 Visual impairments ............. 100.0 46.8 20.1 17.4 2.9 1.9 9.4 0.9 0.5 Serious emotional disturbance ....................... 100.0 22.1 24.0 35.2 8.3 5.4 1.7 1.6 1.8 Orthopedic impairments ...... 100.0 39.3 20.4 31.9 4.4 1.1 0.3 0.1 2.5 Other health impairments ... 100.0 42.8 28.8 18.5 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 7.9 Specific learning disabilities 100.0 41.3 39.3 18.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 ( 1) 0.2 Deaf blindness .................... 100.0 9.7 8.7 37.2 17.7 3.8 17.8 2.7 2.3 Multiple disabilities .............. 100.0 9.1 11.9 51.5 15.4 6.7 2.0 1.5 1.9 Hearing impairments ........... 100.0 35.4 19.1 28.5 3.8 2.7 9.3 1.0 0.2 Autism ................................. 100.0 10.8 9.4 54.7 15.2 6.6 0.7 2.2 0.5 Traumatic brain injury ......... 100.0 26.1 24.2 30.3 3.1 11.3 0.3 2.0 2.7 1 Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE.   There are some reporting variations, e. g., estimated or incomplete data and nonstandard definitions, from state to state. Data for 3 to 5 year old children are no longer collected by type of disability. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. ( This table was prepared February 1998.)

Table 55.   State legislation on gifted and talented programs and number and percent of students receiving services in public elementary and secondary schools, by state: 1993   94 and 1995   96 State State mandated gifted and talented programs, 1995   96 1 Discretionary state supported gifted and talented 1995   96 2 Gifted and talented students receiving services, 1993   94 Gifted and talented students as a percent of enrollment 1993   94 State State mandated gifted and talented programs, 1995   96 1 Discretionary state supported gifted and talented 1995   96 2 Gifted and talented students receiving services, 1993   94 Gifted and talented students as a percent of enrollment 1993   94 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 Alabama ................... X 16,522 2.4 Montana ............... X     Alaska ....................... X 4,696 4.0 Nebraska .............. X 18,600 10.0 Arizona ..................... X 39,200   Nevada ................. X 8,343 2.0 Arkansas .................. X 34,710 8.0 New Hampshire ... X     California .................. X 290,000 5.0 New Jersey ..........         Colorado ................... X     New Mexico ......... X     Connecticut .............. X 16,871 3 3.5 New York ............. X 135,000 6.0 Delaware .................. X   5.0 North Carolina ...... X 88,450 8.0 District of Columbia ..       9.0 North Dakota ........ X 1,107 1.0 Florida ...................... X 74,572 3.5 Ohio ...................... X 244,670 13.0 Georgia .....................       5.0 Oklahoma ............. X 61,082 10.0 Hawaii ....................... X 18,000 11.0 Oregon ................. X   8.5 Idaho ........................ X   1.3 Pennsylvania ........ X 79,756 4.6 Illinois ....................... X 4 166,234 5.0 Rhode Island ........ X   3.5   5.0 Indiana ...................... X 85,192 8.9 South Carolina ..... X 52,000 10.0 Iowa .......................... X   4.0 South Dakota ....... X 6,515 4.4 Kansas ..................... X   3.1 Tennessee ........... X 18,626 2.0 Kentucky ................... X 52,600 5.0 Texas ................... X 248,769 7.0 Louisiana .................. X 24,000 3.2 Utah ...................... X     Maine ........................ X 10,100 5.0 Vermont ................         Maryland ................... X 90,222 12.0 Virginia ................. X 121,598 9.2 Massachusetts ......... X     Washington .......... X 38,781 1.5 Michigan ................... X 225,154 14.0 West Virginia ........ X   3.5 Minnesota ................. X 55,467 7.2 Wisconsin ............. X   15.0 Mississippi ................ X 21,678 4.3 Wyoming .............. X   3.0 Missouri .................... X 24,877 5.0 Guam ................... X     1 Mandate requiring identification of and/ or services for gifted/ talented students. 2 No mandate requiring identification of or services for gifted/ talented students. 3Grades 2 through 6 only. 4 Data for 1991   92.   Data not available. SOURCE: Council of State Directors of Programs for the Gifted, The 1994 and 1996 State of the States Gifted and Talented Education Reports. ( This table was prepared July 1997.) 68 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PROGRAMS FOR THE DISABLED Table 56.   Number of children served under Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and Chapter 1 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act, State Operated Programs, by age group and state: 1990   91 to 1996   97 State Birth to age 21 Percent of students that are disabled, 1996   97 1 Ages 0 to 5 Percent change, birth to 21, 1990   91 to 1996   97 1990   91 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1990   91 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ............. 4,761,742 5,538,756 5,745,338 5,919,767 13.0 440,661 679,634 716,624 737,025 24.3 Alabama .......................... 94,945 100,473 99,594 99,302 13.3 7,498 9,800 9,922 9,798 4.6 Alaska ............................. 14,745 17,942 18,036 18,061 13.9 1,813 2,458 2,447 2,317 22.5 Arizona ............................ 57,235 73,914 77,688 81,099 10.1 4,936 8,748 9,479 9,357 41.7 Arkansas ......................... 47,835 54,279 56,055 57,475 12.6 5,274 8,543 9,695 9,903 20.2 California ......................... 469,282 563,489 583,789 604,075 10.6 40,489 71,461 72,914 75,802 28.7 Colorado ......................... 57,102 71,496 73,633 73,992 11.0 4,894 10,212 11,060 9,717 29.6 Connecticut ..................... 64,562 75,695 78,549 84,412 16.0 6,142 8,864 9,764 10,834 30.7 Delaware ......................... 14,294 16,701 17,012 16,421 14.9 1,579 3,287 3,293 2,578 14.9 District of Columbia ........ 6,290 6,831 7,398 7,059 9.0 411 542 727 727 12.2 Florida ............................. 236,013 301,723 320,955 334,707 14.9 16,387 32,292 37,851 38,945 41.8 Georgia ........................... 101,997 132,451 138,514 144,512 10.7 7,333 16,028 16,786 17,656 41.7 Hawaii ............................. 13,169 19,020 19,903 20,350 10.8 1,273 5,082 5,180 4,851 54.5 Idaho ............................... 22,017 23,737 24,671 26,128 10.7 3,129 3,849 3,936 4,144 18.7 Illinois .............................. 239,185 258,461 265,456 275,198 13.9 26,122 32,195 33,461 35,783 15.1 Indiana ............................ 114,643 132,714 138,150 142,667 14.5 8,937 15,203 16,449 17,454 24.4 Iowa ................................ 60,695 65,034 66,914 69,060 13.7 6,329 6,679 6,800 6,899 13.8 Kansas ............................ 45,212 52,861 55,031 56,845 12.2 4,308 7,056 7,564 7,860 25.7 Kentucky ......................... 79,421 82,021 84,524 87,137 13.3 11,008 15,343 16,320 17,105 9.7 Louisiana ......................... 73,663 91,344 93,304 94,727 11.9 7,541 12,291 11,833 11,450 28.6 Maine .............................. 27,987 31,037 32,719 33,678 15.8 2,895 3,695 4,402 4,316 20.3 Maryland ......................... 91,940 100,565 104,558 108,453 13.2 10,409 12,846 13,181 13,613 18.0 Massachusetts ................ 154,616 164,784 165,680 168,082 18.0 17,014 22,381 22,725 23,594 8.7 Michigan .......................... 166,927 186,431 193,152 198,772 11.8 14,963 21,262 22,625 23,553 19.1 Minnesota ....................... 80,896 96,539 100,888 103,929 12.3 10,529 13,324 13,399 13,576 28.5 Mississippi ....................... 60,934 65,912 67,520 66,161 13.1 5,704 6,871 7,323 6,881 8.6 Missouri ........................... 101,955 119,148 123,811 127,864 14.2 4,889 10,297 10,804 10,972 25.4 Montana .......................... 17,204 18,161 18,876 19,119 11.6 1,934 2,117 2,278 2,240 11.1 Nebraska ......................... 32,761 38,763 39,926 40,578 13.9 2,961 4,048 4,029 4,003 23.9 Nevada ............................ 18,440 27,091 29,043 30,913 11.0 1,742 3,628 4,007 4,202 67.6 New Hampshire .............. 19,658 24,546 26,163 27,592 13.9 2,077 2,788 3,178 3,461 40.4 New Jersey ..................... 181,319 194,940 200,469 206,252 17.1 17,190 18,970 20,046 20,617 13.8 New Mexico .................... 36,037 46,844 49,325 51,280 15.4 2,247 5,596 6,310 6,840 42.3 New York ........................ 307,458 383,822 407,421 427,907 15.1 26,353 54,470 61,289 64,822 39.2 North Carolina ................. 123,126 145,510 151,414 158,272 13.1 10,700 21,130 21,007 21,259 28.5 North Dakota ................... 12,504 12,386 12,581 12,991 10.8 1,374 1,329 1,434 1,437 3.9 Ohio ................................ 205,440 239,696 242,734 243,312 13.2 12,487 34,249 33,409 35,634 18.4 Oklahoma ........................ 65,653 72,496 73,495 75,601 12.2 5,359 6,657 7,079 7,035 15.2 Oregon ............................ 55,149 60,619 66,156 65,543 12.2 3,581 6,030 7,231 7,431 18.8 Pennsylvania ................... 219,428 213,785 218,556 222,494 12.3 23,156 26,064 27,525 27,541 1.4 Rhode Island ................... 21,076 24,494 26,048 27,354 18.1 2,112 2,932 3,309 3,210 29.8 South Carolina ................ 77,765 84,217 88,419 92,787 14.2 8,346 11,495 12,216 12,518 19.3 South Dakota .................. 14,987 16,114 15,888 15,485 10.8 2,366 2,586 2,552 2,587 3.3 Tennessee ...................... 104,898 126,909 129,617 128,672 14.2 7,536 12,981 13,307 13,400 22.7 Texas .............................. 350,636 430,010 451,590 472,661 12.3 30,955 40,117 42,304 43,802 34.8 Utah ................................ 47,747 52,778 54,527 55,848 11.6 4,565 6,128 6,925 7,189 17.0 Vermont .......................... 12,263 11,034 11,587 12,076 11.4 1,200 1,498 1,556 1,542   1.5 Virginia ............................ 113,971 138,252 143,985 146,840 13.4 11,791 14,832 15,510 15,605 28.8 Washington ..................... 85,395 106,725 108,851 109,227 11.2 11,409 15,072 14,526 14,198 27.9 West Virginia ................... 43,135 46,853 48,151 49,092 16.1 3,630 5,999 6,506 6,894 13.8 Wisconsin ........................ 86,930 105,536 110,029 114,407 13.0 12,213 16,391 17,161 17,918 31.6 Wyoming ......................... 11,202 12,573 12,983 13,298 13.4 1,571 1,918 1,990 1,955 18.7 Bureau of Indian Affairs .. 6,997 7,676 7,669 8,192     258 244 310 17.1 Outlying areas ............ 39,445 49,139 51,823 55,243 7.9   8,050 9,011 9,915 40.1 American Samoa ............ 363 479 400 415 2.8   87 93 88 14.3 Guam .............................. 1,750 1,909 1,980 2,099 6.3   307 301 336 19.9 Northern Marianas .......... 411 256 331 379 4.2   53 80 107   7.8 Palau ............................... 459 152 120 116     10 10 7   74.7 Puerto Rico ..................... 35,129 44,693 47,230 50,726 8.2   7,514 8,338 9,140 44.4 Virgin Islands .................. 1,333 1,650 1,762 1,508 6.7   79 189 237 13.1 1 Percent based on the enrollment in public schools, prekindergarten through 12th grade.   Data not available.

NOTE.   Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( IDEA), formerly known as the Education of the Handicapped Act, now extends the right to a free and appropriate education to 3 to 5 year old disabled children. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Annual Report to Congress on the Implementation of The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, various years, and unpublished tabulations. ( This table was prepared March 1998.) 69 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 57.   Enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public and private schools compared with population 14 to 17 years of age: 1889   90 to fall 1997 [ Numbers in thousands]

Year Enrollment, grades 9 to 12 1 Population 14 to 17 years of age 3 Enrollment as a percent of population 14 to 17 years of age 4 All schools Public schools Private schools 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 1889   90 ....................................................... 298 203 95 5,355 5.6 1899   1900 ................................................... 630 519 111 6,152 10.2 1909   10 ....................................................... 1,032 915 117 7,220 14.3 1919   20 ....................................................... 2,414 2,200 214 7,736 31.2 1929   30 ....................................................... 4,741 4,399 5 341 9,341 50.7 1939   40 ....................................................... 7,059 6,601 6 458 9,720 72.6 1949   50 ....................................................... 6,397 5,725 672 8,405 76.1 1951   52 ....................................................... 6,538 5,882 656 8,516 76.8 1953   54 ....................................................... 7,038 6,290 747 8,861 79.4 1955   56 ....................................................... 7,696 6,873 823 9,207 83.6 1957   58 ....................................................... 8,790 7,860 931 10,139 86.7 Fall 1959 ...................................................... 9,306 8,271 1,035 11,155 83.4 Fall 1961 ...................................................... 10,489 9,369 1,120 12,046 87.1 Fall 1963 ...................................................... 12,170 10,883 1,287 13,492 90.2 Fall 1965 ...................................................... 13,010 11,610 1,400 14,146 92.0 Fall 1966 ...................................................... 13,294 11,894 1,400 14,398 92.3 Fall 1967 ...................................................... 13,650 12,250 1,400 14,727 92.7 Fall 1968 ...................................................... 14,118 12,718 1,400 15,170 93.1 Fall 1969 ...................................................... 14,337 13,037 1,300 15,549 92.2 Fall 1970 ...................................................... 14,647 13,336 1,311 15,921 92.0 Fall 1971 ...................................................... 15,053 13,753 7 1,300 16,326 92.2 Fall 1972 ...................................................... 15,148 13,848 7 1,300 16,637 91.0 Fall 1973 ...................................................... 15,344 14,044 7 1,300 16,864 91.0 Fall 1974 ...................................................... 15,403 14,103 7 1,300 17,033 90.4 Fall 1975 ...................................................... 15,604 14,304 7 1,300 17,125 91.1 Fall 1976 ...................................................... 15,656 14,314 1,342 17,117 91.5 Fall 1977 ...................................................... 15,546 14,203 1,343 17,042 91.2 Fall 1978 ...................................................... 15,441 14,088 1,353 16,944 91.1 Fall 1979 ...................................................... 14,916 13,616 7 1,300 16,610 89.8 Fall 1980 ...................................................... 14,570 13,231 1,339 16,143 90.3 Fall 1981 ...................................................... 14,164 12,764 7 1,400 15,609 90.7 Fall 1982 ...................................................... 13,805 12,405 7 1,400 15,057 91.7 Fall 1983 ...................................................... 13,671 12,271 7 1,400 14,740 92.7 Fall 1984 ...................................................... 13,704 12,304 7 1,400 14,725 93.1 Fall 1985 ...................................................... 13,750 12,388 1,362 14,888 92.4 Fall 1986 ...................................................... 13,669 12,333 7 1,336 14,824 92.2 Fall 1987 ...................................................... 13,323 12,076 1,247 14,502 91.9 Fall 1988 ...................................................... 12,893 11,687 7 1,206 14,023 91.9 Fall 1989 ...................................................... 12,583 11,390 7 1,193 13,536 93.0 Fall 1990 ...................................................... 12,475 11,338 7 1,137 13,310 93.7 Fall 1991 ...................................................... 12,666 11,541 7 1,125 13,418 94.4 Fall 1992 ...................................................... 12,898 11,735 7 1,163 13,653 94.5 Fall 1993 ...................................................... 13,152 11,961 7 1,191 13,928 94.4 Fall 1994 ...................................................... 13,449 12,213 7 1,236 14,427 93.2 Fall 1995 ...................................................... 13,769 12,500 7 1,269 14,770 93.2 Fall 1996 ...................................................... 14,131 12,834 7 1,297 15,149 93.3 Fall 1997 7 .................................................... 14,325 13,003 1,322 15,429 92.8 1 Includes a relatively small number of secondary ungraded and postgraduate students 2 Data for most years are partly estimated. 3 Data for 1890 through 1950 are from the decennial censuses of population. The other figures are Bureau of the Census estimates as of July 1 preceding the opening of the school year. 4 Gross enrollment ratio based on school enrollment of all ages in grades 9 to 12 divided by the 14 to 17 year old population. Differs from enrollment rates in other tables which are based on the enrollment of persons in the given age group only. 5 Data are for 1927   28. 6 Data are for 1940   41. 7 Estimated. NOTE.   Includes enrollment in public schools that are a part of state and local school systems and also in most private schools, both religiously affiliated and nonsectarian. Excludes enrollment in subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools for exceptional children, and federal schools. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. Some data have been revised from previously published figures

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems; Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Systems; Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools; Common Core of Data survey; and Projections of Education Statistics to 2008. ( This table was prepared February 1999.) 70 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: ENROLLMENT Table 58.   Enrollment in foreign language courses compared with enrollment in grades 9 to 12 in public secondary schools: Fall 1948 to fall 1994 [ In thousands]

Language Fall 1948 Fall 1960 Fall 1965 Fall 1968 Fall 1970 Fall 1974 Fall 1976 Fall 1978 Fall 1982 Fall 1985 Fall 1990 Fall 1994 Percent change in enrollment 1976 to 1990 1990 to 1994 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Total enrollment, grades 9 to 12 ....................... 1 5,602 8,589 11,610 12,718 13,336 14,103 14,314 14,088 12,405 12,388 11,338 12,213   20.8 7.7 All foreign languages 2 Number enrolled ............................ 1,170 2,522 3,659 3,890 3,779 3,295 3,174 3,200 2,910 4,029 4,257 5,002 34.1 17.5 Percent of all students ................... 20.9 29.4 31.5 30.6 28.3 23.3 22.2 22.7 23.3 32.2 37.5 41.0     Modern foreign languages Number enrolled ............................ 741 1,867 3,068 3,518 3,514 3,127 3,023 3,048 2,740 3,852 4,093 4,813 35.4 17.6 Percent of all students ................... 13.2 21.7 26.4 27.7 26.4 22.1 21.1 21.6 21.9 31.1 36.1 39.4     Spanish Number enrolled ............................ 443 933 1,427 1,698 1,811 1,678 1,717 1,631 1,563 2,334 2,611 3,220 52.1 23.3 Percent of all students ................... 7.9 10.9 12.3 13.4 13.6 11.9 12.0 11.6 12.5 18.8 23.0 26.4     French Number enrolled ............................ 254 744 1,251 1,328 1,231 978 888 856 858 1,134 1,089 1,106 22.6 1.5 Percent of all students ................... 4.5 8.7 10.8 10.4 9.2 6.9 6.2 6.1 6.9 9.2 9.6 9.1     German Number enrolled ............................ 43 151 328 423 411 393 353 331 267 312 295 326   16.2 10.3 Percent of all students ................... 0.8 1.8 2.8 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.7     Russian Number enrolled ............................   10 27 24 20 15 11 9 6 6 16 16 46.6   0.4 Percent of all students ...................   0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 ( 3) ( 3) 0.1 0.1     Italian Number enrolled ............................   20 25 27 27 40 46 46 44 47 40 44   11.4 8.5 Percent of all students ...................   0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4     Japanese 4 Number enrolled ............................                     25 42   68.3 Percent of all students ...................                     0.2 0.3     Other modern foreign languages 5 Number enrolled ............................ 1 9 9 18 15 23 9 176 3 18 15 59 73.0 296.1 Percent of all students ................... ( 3) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.2 ( 3) 0.1 0.1 0.5     Latin Number enrolled ............................ 429 655 591 372 265 167 150 152 170 177 164 189 8.9 15.2 Percent of all students ................... 7.7 7.6 5.1 2.9 2.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5     1 Estimated. 2 Includes enrollment in ancient Greek ( not shown separately). Fewer than 1,000 students were enrolled in this language in each of the years shown. 3 Less than 0.05 percent. 4 Until 1990, student enrollment in Japanese courses was included in the Other modern foreign languages category. 5 Includes students enrolled in unspecified modern foreign languages. In 1978, a relatively large number of students were not identified by field of study. Since 1990, enrollment in Japanese courses is reported as a separate category.   Data not reported, not available, or not applicable.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey; and American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages Foreign Language Enrollments in Public Secondary Schools, Fall 1989, Fall 1990, and Fall 1994. ( This table was prepared February 1999.) 71 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PRIVATE SCHOOLS Table 59.   Student participation in school programs and services, by control, level of school, and type of community: 1993   94 Control, level, and community type Total students Percent of students participating in program or service Number Percent distribution Bilingual education English as a second language Remedial reading Remedial mathematics Programs for the disabled Programs for the gifted and talented Diagnostic and prescriptive Extended day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Public total ................................................. 41,621,660 100.0 3.07 3.97 10.88 6.90 6.88 6.43 0.27 2.50 School level 1 Elementary ............................................. 26,886,026 64.6 3.98 4.75 13.46 7.77 6.76 6.25 0.31 3.58 Secondary .............................................. 13,757,801 33.1 1.39 2.58 5.63 5.03 6.54 6.90 0.20 0.48 Combined ............................................... 977,833 2.3 1.80 1.88 13.70 9.39 14.84 4.72 0.44 1.31 Community type Central city ............................................. 12,163,036 29.2 6.30 7.13 12.86 8.34 7.05 6.55 0.23 3.82 Urban fringe/ large town .......................... 13,559,662 32.6 2.04 3.90 8.84 5.60 6.34 7.26 0.23 2.69 Rural/ small town ..................................... 15,898,962 38.2 1.48 1.60 11.09 6.90 7.20 5.63 0.35 1.33 Private total ................................................ 4,970,548 100.0 0.81 0.58 6.35 4.16 2.98 4.93 0.89 9.20 School level 1 Elementary ............................................. 2,803,359 56.4 0.77 0.45 7.22 4.33 0.93 3.34 0.94 12.48 Secondary .............................................. 811,087 16.3 0.19 0.62 4.24 3.06 3.43 8.56 0.47 0.23 Combined ............................................... 1,356,102 27.3 1.25 0.83 5.82 4.46 6.95 6.05 1.03 7.76 Community type Central city ............................................. 2,261,125 45.5 0.83 0.71 7.33 4.77 2.68 5.56 0.72 11.36 Urban fringe/ large town .......................... 1,810,230 36.4 0.97 0.57 5.98 4.15 3.58 5.24 0.85 8.89 Rural/ small town ..................................... 899,193 18.1 0.42 0.27 4.63 2.62 2.50 2.75 1.48 4.39 1 Elementary schools have grade 6 or lower or a low grade of ungraded and no grade higher than 8. Secondary schools have no grade lower than 7. Combined schools have grades lower than 7 and higher than 8.

NOTE.   Students may participate in more than one program or service. Includes only kindergarten pupils who attend schools that offer first grade or above. Excludes prekindergarten students. Totals differ from data appearing in other tables because of varying survey processing procedures and time period coverages.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, `` Schools and Staffing Survey, 1993   94.'' ( This table was prepared September 1996.)

Table 60.   Private elementary and secondary enrollment, teachers, and schools, by selected characteristics: Fall 1995 Selected school characteristics Kindergarten to 12th grade enrollment 1 Teachers Schools Total Catholic Other religious Nonsectarian Total Catholic Other religious Nonsectarian Total Catholic Other religious Nonsectarian 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total ...................... 5,032,200 2,519,205 1,743,791 769,204 361,909 140,941 136,513 84,455 27,686 8,248 13,081 6,357 Level of school Elementary ........... 2,835,247 1,835,535 743,112 256,600 176,148 95,306 54,623 26,219 16,744 6,833 6,761 3,150 Secondary ............ 811,422 606,239 121,259 83,924 59,880 38,863 10,390 10,628 2,533 1,149 662 722 Combined ............. 1,385,531 77,430 879,420 428,680 125,881 6,773 71,499 47,609 8,409 266 5,657 2,486 School enrollment Less than 150 ....... 925,845 152,653 523,779 249,412 93,526 12,091 49,441 31,994 15,843 1,537 9,362 4,944 150 to 299 ............ 1,443,244 806,922 474,656 161,666 97,255 45,281 34,663 17,311 6,667 3,630 2,261 775 300 to 499 ............ 1,211,421 733,555 348,410 129,456 76,820 39,582 24,352 12,885 3,187 1,923 924 340 500 to 749 ............ 790,747 479,808 203,282 107,657 49,810 25,263 14,026 10,522 1,333 813 340 179 750 or more .......... 660,942 346,265 193,664 121,013 44,498 18,725 14,030 11,744 657 344 193 120 Percent minority students None ..................... 333,914 68,327 238,108 27,479 28,099 4,264 21,278 2,557 4,256 465 3,265 525 1 to 9 percent ....... 2,269,371 1,248,074 773,237 248,061 151,276 69,148 56,896 25,232 9,619 3,900 4,294 1,424 10 to 29 percent ... 1,257,774 560,629 396,103 301,042 100,786 33,279 32,381 35,125 6,517 1,712 2,680 2,126 30 to 49 percent ... 385,183 191,536 118,286 75,361 29,139 10,885 8,994 9,259 2,261 602 865 793 50 percent or more 785,958 450,639 218,058 117,260 52,609 23,364 16,963 12,282 5,033 1,569 1,976 1,488 Community type Central city ........... 2,492,539 1,325,035 809,785 357,719 173,755 72,906 62,332 38,517 11,357 3,878 4,603 2,876 Urban fringe/ large town .................... 1,968,029 995,863 675,252 296,914 141,393 55,139 51,826 34,428 10,325 3,154 4,590 2,581 Rural/ small town ... 571,632 198,307 258,754 114,571 46,761 12,897 22,354 11,510 6,003 1,216 3,888 900 1 Includes only kindergarten pupils who attend schools that offer first or higher grade. NOTE.   Includes only schools that offer first grade or above. Excludes prekindergarten students. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Private School Survey, 1995.'' ( This table was prepared February 1999.) 72 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PRIVATE SCHOOLS Table 61.   Private elementary and secondary staff and student/ staff ratios, by level and orientation of school: 1993   94 Orientation and type of staff Full time equivalent staff Students per full time equivalent staff member Total Elementary 1 Secondary 2 Combined 3 Total Elementary 1 Secondary 2 Combined 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total ................................. 534,636 240,894 104,213 189,529 9.3 11.6 7.8 7.2 Principals .............................. 23,589 13,180 2,459 7,950 210.7 212.7 329.8 170.6 Assistant principals .............. 8,361 3,094 2,113 3,154 594.5 906.1 383.9 430.0 Other managers ................... 7,801 1,510 3,483 2,808 637.2 1,856.5 232.9 483.0 Instruction coordinators ........ 6,063 1,837 1,293 2,933 819.8 1,526.1 627.3 462.4 Teachers .............................. 330,838 155,220 60,644 114,974 15.0 18.1 13.4 11.8 Teacher aides ...................... 33,905 16,516 2,566 14,823 146.6 169.7 316.1 91.5 Guidance counselors ........... 8,640 1,713 3,758 3,169 575.3 1,636.5 215.8 428.0 Librarians/ media specialists 8,946 4,320 1,950 2,676 555.6 648.9 415.9 506.8 Library/ media center aides .. 3,768 1,942 588 1,238 1,319.2 1,443.5 1,379.4 1,095.5 Student support staff 4 ......... 11,003 2,207 2,684 6,112 451.8 1,270.2 302.2 221.9 Secretaries/ clerical staff ....... 37,634 15,170 9,061 13,403 132.1 184.8 89.5 101.2 Other employees 5 ............... 54,092 24,187 13,615 16,290 91.9 115.9 59.6 83.3 Catholic Total ................................ 206,094 135,831 59,239 11,024 12.2 13.6 10.0 6.9 Principals .............................. 8,186 6,702 1,177 307 307.4 275.8 503.0 247.1 Assistant principals .............. 2,854 1,210 1,475 169 881.6 1,527.5 401.4 448.9 Other managers ................... 3,139 717 2,168 254 801.6 2,577.8 273.1 298.7 Instruction coordinators ........ 1,138 619 477 42 2,211.0 2,985.9 1,241.1 1,806.2 Teachers .............................. 132,240 88,524 37,132 6,584 19.0 20.9 15.9 11.5 Teacher aides ...................... 9,078 8,144 176 758 277.2 226.9 3,363.7 100.1 Guidance counselors ........... 3,843 1,144 2,341 358 654.7 1,615.6 252.9 211.9 Librarians/ media specialists 4,291 2,836 1,230 225 586.4 651.7 481.3 337.2 Library/ media center aides .. 1,969 1,489 363 117 1,277.9 1,241.3 1,630.9 648.4 Student support staff 4 ......... 2,287 1,418 568 301 1,100.2 1,303.4 1,042.3 252.0 Secretaries/ clerical staff ....... 13,731 8,139 4,841 751 183.2 227.1 122.3 101.0 Other employees 5 ............... 23,338 14,889 7,291 1,158 107.8 124.1 81.2 65.5 Other religious orientation Total ................................ 184,521 72,798 16,970 94,753 9.1 9.9 7.3 8.9 Principals .............................. 9,917 4,535 573 4,809 170.0 158.4 217.2 175.4 Assistant principals .............. 3,184 1,102 278 1,804 529.5 651.7 447.7 467.5 Other managers ................... 1,932 584 340 1,008 872.7 1,229.7 366.0 836.8 Instruction coordinators ........ 2,298 775 153 1,370 733.7 926.7 813.4 615.7 Teachers .............................. 120,253 46,973 10,366 62,914 14.0 15.3 12.0 13.4 Teacher aides ...................... 10,021 4,827 171 5,023 168.3 148.8 727.8 167.9 Guidance counselors ........... 2,001 473 403 1,125 842.6 1,518.3 308.8 749.7 Librarians/ media specialists 2,596 977 349 1,270 649.5 735.1 356.6 664.1 Library/ media center aides .. 990 330 112 548 1,703.1 2,176.3 1,111.1 1,539.1 Student support staff 4 ......... 1,318 489 231 598 1,279.3 1,468.7 538.7 1,410.4 Secretaries/ clerical staff ....... 13,551 5,033 1,637 6,881 124.4 142.7 76.0 122.6 Other employees 5 ............... 16,460 6,700 2,357 7,403 102.4 107.2 52.8 113.9 Non sectarian Total ................................ 144,025 32,267 28,005 83,753 5.3 7.3 3.4 5.2 Principals .............................. 5,486 1,943 709 2,834 140.1 121.9 133.5 154.2 Assistant principals .............. 2,323 782 360 1,181 330.8 303.0 262.9 369.9 Other managers ................... 2,730 209 975 1,546 281.5 1,133.6 97.1 282.6 Instruction coordinators ........ 2,627 443 663 1,521 292.5 534.8 142.7 287.2 Teachers .............................. 78,345 19,723 13,146 45,476 9.8 12.0 7.2 9.6 Teacher aides ...................... 14,806 3,545 2,219 9,042 51.9 66.8 42.6 48.3 Guidance counselors ........... 2,796 96 1,014 1,686 274.8 2,468.0 93.3 259.1 Librarians/ media specialists 2,059 507 371 1,181 373.2 467.3 255.1 369.9 Library/ media center aides .. 809 123 113 573 949.9 1,926.3 837.4 762.5 Student support staff 4 ......... 7,398 300 1,885 5,213 103.9 789.8 50.2 83.8 Secretaries/ clerical staff ....... 10,352 1,998 2,583 5,771 74.2 118.6 36.6 75.7 Other employees 5 ............... 14,294 2,598 3,967 7,729 53.8 91.2 23.9 56.5 1 Includes schools beginning with grade 6 or below and with no grade higher than 8. 2 Schools have no grade lower than 7. 3 Schools have grades lower than 7 and higher than 8. 4 Includes student support services professional staff, such as school psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists, speech therapists, and nurses. 5 Includes cafeteria workers and maintenance staff. NOTE.   Data are based upon a sample survey and may not be strictly comparable with data reported elsewhere. Includes only schools that offer first grade or above.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, `` Schools and Staffing Survey, 1993   94.'' ( This table was prepared August 1995.) 73 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PRIVATE SCHOOLS Table 62.   Private elementary and secondary enrollment and schools, by amount of tuition, level, and orientation of school: 1993   94 Orientation and tuition Kindergarten through 12th grade enrollment 1 Schools Average tuition paid by students 2 Total Elementary Secondary Combined Total Elementary Secondary Combined Total Elementary Secondary Combined 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total ........................................................ 4,970,646 2,803,359 811,087 1,356,199 26,093 15,538 2,551 8,004 $ 3,116 $ 2,138 $ 4,578 $ 4,266 Catholic ....................................................... 2,516,130 1,848,257 592,011 75,862 8,351 6,924 1,161 266 2,178 1,628 3,643 4,153 Less then $ 1,000 ................................... 393,901 378,724 ( 3) ( 3) 1,786 1,706 ( 3) ( 3)         $ 1,000 to $ 2,499 .................................... 1,368,046 1,274,601 81,955 ( 3) 4,834 4,542 235 ( 3)         $ 2,500 to $ 4,999 .................................... 675,708 188,123 452,901 ( 3) 1,533 642 782 ( 3)         $ 5,000 or more ...................................... 71,929 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)         Other religious ............................................ 1,686,064 718,170 124,447 843,448 12,180 6,328 612 5,240 2,915 2,606 5,261 2,831 Less then $ 1,000 ................................... 113,382 66,259 ( 3) 45,878 2,435 1,386 ( 3) 1,044         $ 1,000 to $ 2,499 .................................... 839,447 387,917 ( 3) 435,788 6,759 3,645 ( 3) 3,012         $ 2,500 to $ 4,999 .................................... 513,773 187,164 62,993 263,615 2,198 970 316 913         $ 5,000 or more ...................................... 203,014 68,255 38,655 96,104 738 303 172 263         Non sectarian .............................................. 768,451 236,932 94,629 436,890 5,563 2,287 778 2,498 6,631 4,693 9,525 7,056 Less then $ 1,000 ................................... 49,128 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 912 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)         $ 1,000 to $ 2,499 .................................... 121,869 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 666 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)         $ 2,500 to $ 4,999 .................................... 200,857 119,326 ( 3) 74,395 1,810 1,301 ( 3) 465         $ 5,000 or more ...................................... 396,244 82,596 74,283 239,364 2,166 456 408 1,302         1 Only includes kindergarten students who attend schools that offer first grade or above. 2 Tuition weighted by the number of students enrolled in schools. 3 Too few sample cases ( fewer than 30 schools) for reliable estimates.   Data not applicable.

NOTE.   Data are based upon a sample survey and may not be strictly comparable with data reported elsewhere. Elementary schools have grade 6 or lower and no grade higher than 8. Secondary schools have no grade lower than 7. Combined schools have grades lower than 7 and higher than 8. Excludes prekindergarten students. Because of rounding and missing values in cells with too few sample cases, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, `` Schools and Staffing Survey, 1993   94.'' ( This table was prepared August 1995.)

Table 63.   Summary statistics on Catholic elementary and secondary schools, by level: 1919   20 to 1997   98 School year Number of schools Enrollment Instructional staff Total Elementary Secondary Total Elementary Secondary Total Elementary Secondary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1919   20 ......... 8,103 6,551 1,552 1,925,521 1,795,673 129,848 1 49,516 1 41,592 1 7,924 1929   30 ......... 10,046 7,923 2,123 2,464,467 2,222,598 241,869 1 72,552 1 58,245 1 14,307 1939   40 ......... 10,049 7,944 2,105 2,396,305 2,035,182 361,123 1 81,057 1 60,081 1 20,976 1949   50 ......... 10,778 8,589 2,189 3,066,387 2,560,815 505,572 1 94,295 1 66,525 1 27,770 Fall 1960 ........ 12,893 10,501 2,392 5,253,791 4,373,422 880,369 1 151,902 1 108,169 1 43,733 1969   70 ......... 11,771 9,695 2,076 4,658,098 3,607,168 1,050,930 2 195,400 2 133,200 2 62,200 1970   71 ......... 11,350 9,370 1,980 4,363,566 3,355,478 1,008,088 166,208 112,750 53,458 1974   75 ......... 10,127 8,437 1,690 3,504,000 2,602,000 902,000 150,179 100,011 50,168 1975   76 ......... 9,993 8,340 1,653 3,415,000 2,525,000 890,000 149,276 99,319 49,957 1979   80 ......... 9,640 8,100 1,540 3,139,000 2,293,000 846,000 147,294 97,724 49,570 1980   81 ......... 9,559 8,043 1,516 3,106,000 2,269,000 837,000 145,777 96,739 49,038 1981   82 ......... 9,494 7,996 1,498 3,094,000 2,266,000 828,000 146,172 96,847 49,325 1982   83 ......... 9,432 7,950 1,482 3,007,189 2,211,412 795,777 146,460 97,337 49,123 1983   84 ......... 9,401 7,937 1,464 2,969,000 2,179,000 790,000 146,913 98,591 48,322 1984   85 ......... 9,325 7,876 1,449 2,903,000 2,119,000 784,000 149,888 99,820 50,068 1985   86 ......... 9,220 7,790 1,430 2,821,000 2,061,000 760,000 146,594 96,741 49,853 1986   87 ......... 9,102 7,693 1,409 2,726,000 1,998,000 728,000 141,930 93,554 48,376 1987   88 ......... 8,992 7,601 1,391 2,623,031 1,942,148 680,883 139,887 93,199 46,688 1988   89 ......... 8,867 7,505 1,362 2,551,000 1,912,000 639,000 137,700 93,154 44,546 1989   90 ......... 8,719 7,395 1,324 2,499,000 1,894,000 606,000 136,900 94,197 42,703 1990   91 ......... 8,587 7,291 1,296 2,475,439 1,883,906 591,533 131,198 91,039 40,159 1991   92 ......... 8,508 7,239 1,269 2,442,924 1,856,302 586,622 153,334 109,084 44,250 1992   93 ......... 8,423 7,174 1,249 2,444,842 1,860,937 583,905 154,816 109,825 44,991 1993   94 ......... 8,345 7,114 1,231 2,444,609 1,859,947 584,662 157,201 112,199 45,002 1994   95 ......... 8,293 7,055 1,238 2,475,207 1,877,782 597,425 3 164,219 3 117,620 3 46,599 1995   96 ......... 8,250 7,022 1,228 2,491,111 1,884,461 606,650 3 166,759 3 118,753 3 48,006 1996   97 ......... 8,231 7,005 1,226 2,497,198 1,885,037 612,161 3 153,276 3 107,548 3 45,728 1997   98 ......... 8,223 7,004 1,219 2,497,894 1,879,737 618,157 3 152,259 3 105,717 3 46,542 1 Includes part time teachers.

2 Includes estimates for the nonreporting schools.

3 Full time equivalent.

NOTE.   Data reported by the National Catholic Educational Association and data reported by the National Center for Education Statistics are not directly comparable because survey procedures and definitions differ. Excludes prekindergarten enrollment. SOURCE: National Catholic Educational Association, A Statistical Report on Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools for the Years 1967   68 to 1969   70, as compiled from the Official Catholic Directory ( Copyright Ó   1970 by the National Catholic Educational Association); Catholic Schools in America ( 1978 edition, Copyright Ó   1978 by the Franklin Press); and United States Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1989   90, 1990   91, 1991   92, 1992   93, 1993   94, 1994   95, 1995   96, 1996   97 and 1997   98 ( Copyright Ó   1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996,1997, and 1998 by the National Catholic Educational Association. All rights reserved.) ( This table was prepared August 1998.) 74 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: PRIVATE SCHOOLS Table 64.   Private elementary and secondary schools, enrollment, teachers, and high school graduates, 1 by state: Fall 1995 State Number of schools Enrollment Teachers High school graduates, 1994   95 Total Standard error Total Standard error Total Standard error Total Standard error 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 United States 2 ......... 27,686 252 5,032,200 20,482 361,909 1,618 245,543 1,009 Alabama .......................... 287   66,958   4,814   3,581   Alaska ............................. 65   6,113   530   178   Arizona ............................ 296 39 44,134 3,181 3,070 205 2,221 208 Arkansas ......................... 245 50 27,454 547 2,081 108 1,081   California ......................... 3,470 51 629,344 12,386 41,073 695 26,353 103 Colorado ......................... 342 9 48,977 147 3,843 44 1,928   Connecticut ..................... 355 14 70,605 1,022 6,381 107 5,166   Delaware ......................... 112 17 25,528 1,850 1,878 147 1,436   District of Columbia ........ 84   17,468   1,852   1,242   Florida ............................. 1,284 19 253,831 2,811 19,093 337 10,151 88 Georgia ........................... 525 20 97,807 983 8,282 117 5,075   Hawaii ............................. 127   34,541   2,532   2,603   Idaho ............................... 77   9,210   607   380   Illinois .............................. 1,470 52 300,981 1,597 18,617 194 14,681 115 Indiana ............................ 661 30 99,258 1,269 6,653 147 4,055 181 Iowa ................................ 274 26 49,461 1,041 3,309 78 2,601   Kansas ............................ 265 52 39,306 775 2,623 105 1,621   Kentucky ......................... 382 68 67,181 1,995 4,581 362 3,242 8 Louisiana ......................... 647 108 147,147 4,944 9,849 517 7,457 96 Maine .............................. 134   16,896   1,531   1,759   Maryland ......................... 606 11 125,092 427 10,142 64 6,235   Massachusetts ................ 655 38 125,696 2,936 11,068 268 8,561 15 Michigan .......................... 1,034   189,065   11,550   8,805   Minnesota ....................... 570 36 86,477 430 5,835 72 3,373   Mississippi ....................... 182   50,166   3,447   3,174   Missouri ........................... 775 104 126,985 7,179 9,162 816 5,894 152 Montana .......................... 88   8,458   673   356   Nebraska ......................... 279 62 41,320 2,034 2,695 160 1,783 50 Nevada ............................ 63   12,251   711   381   New Hampshire .............. 210 72 22,633 2,311 2,101 217 1,730 36 New Jersey ..................... 914   207,275   15,585   12,030   New Mexico .................... 194 23 22,893 2,149 1,756 114 947   New York ........................ 1,997 35 466,239 936 35,328 234 25,489   North Carolina ................. 542 37 81,437 5,583 6,990 442 3,144   North Dakota ................... 55   7,321   523   381   Ohio ................................ 1,071 124 255,277 3,674 15,085 228 12,639   Oklahoma ........................ 135   24,653   2,014   1,296   Oregon ............................ 410 106 43,501 3,843 3,431 513 2,042 76 Pennsylvania ................... 1,894 27 346,800 5,848 23,085 356 18,138 927 Rhode Island ................... 128   23,543   1,941   1,354   South Carolina ................ 282   50,162   3,943   2,378   South Dakota .................. 93   10,056   724   436   Tennessee ...................... 504 47 80,701 2,337 6,388 184 4,427 27 Texas .............................. 1,593 120 229,353 6,768 19,042 717 8,767 209 Utah ................................ 97 28 12,840 2,439 1,013 134 590   Vermont .......................... 84   9,669   977   1,081   Virginia ............................ 493 24 86,507 782 7,723 142 4,463   Washington ..................... 504 44 74,890 2,546 5,132 231 2,998   West Virginia ................... 135   13,241   1,113   698   Wisconsin ........................ 961   143,231   9,312   5,119   Wyoming ......................... 37   2,272   221   24   1 Includes special education, vocational/ technical education, and alternative schools. Excludes prekindergarten enrollment.

2 NCES employed an area frame sample to account for noninclusion of schools at the national level. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting state by state characteristics since the samples were not designed to produce such numbers.   Insufficient data to compute a standard error.

NOTE.   Tabulation includes only schools that offer first grade or above.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, `` Private School Survey, 1995   96.'' ( This table was prepared July 1998.) 75 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: TEACHERS Table 65.   Public and private elementary and secondary teachers and pupil/ teacher ratios, by level: Fall 1955 to fall 1998 Year Public and private elementary and secondary Public elementary and secondary Private elementary and secondary Kindergarten to grade 12 Elementary Secondary Kindergarten to grade 12 Elementary Secondary Kindergarten to grade 12 Elementary Secondary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Number of teachers, in thousands 1955 ...................... 1,286 827 459 1,141 733 408 1 145 1 94 1 51 1960 ...................... 1,600 991 609 1,408 858 550 1 192 1 133 1 59 1965 ...................... 1,933 1,112 822 1,710 965 746 223 147 76 1968 ...................... 2,161 1,223 938 1,936 1,076 860 225 147 78 1969 ...................... 2,245 1,260 986 2,016 1,109 908 1 229 1 151 1 78 1970 ...................... 2,292 1,283 1,009 2,059 1,130 929 233 153 80 1971 ...................... 2,293 1,263 1,030 2,063 1,111 952 1 230 1 152 1 78 1972 ...................... 2,337 1,296 1,041 2,106 1,142 964 1 231 1 154 1 77 1973 ...................... 2,372 1,308 1,064 2,136 1,151 985 1 236 1 157 1 79 1974 ...................... 2,410 1,330 1,079 2,165 1,166 998 1 245 1 164 1 81 1975 ...................... 2,453 1,353 1,100 2,198 1,181 1,017 1 255 1 172 1 83 1976 ...................... 2,457 1,351 1,106 2,189 1,168 1,021 268 183 85 1977 ...................... 2,488 1,375 1,113 2,209 1,185 1,024 279 190 89 1978 ...................... 2,479 1,376 1,103 2,207 1,191 1,016 272 185 87 1979 ...................... 2,461 1,379 1,082 2,185 1,191 994 1 276 1 188 1 88 1980 ...................... 2,485 1,401 1,084 2,184 1,189 995 301 212 89 1981 ...................... 2,440 1,404 1,037 2,127 1,183 945 1 313 1 221 1 92 1982 ...................... 2,458 1,413 1,045 2,133 1,182 951 1 325 1 231 1 94 1983 ...................... 2,476 1,426 1,050 2,139 1,186 953 337 240 97 1984 ...................... 2,508 1,451 1,057 2,168 1,208 960 1 340 1 243 1 97 1985 ...................... 2,549 1,483 1,066 2,206 1,237 969 343 246 97 1986 ...................... 2,592 1,521 1,071 2,244 1,271 973 1 348 1 250 1 98 1987 ...................... 2,631 1,563 1,068 2,279 1,306 973 1 353 1 257 1 95 1988 ...................... 2,668 1,604 1,064 2,323 1,353 970 1 345 1 251 1 94 1989 ...................... 2,734 1,662 1,072 2,357 1,387 970 1 377 1 275 1 102 1990 ...................... 2,753 1,683 1,070 2,398 1,429 969 1 355 1 254 1 101 1991 ...................... 2,787 1,722 1,065 2,432 1,468 964 1 355 1 254 1 101 1992 ...................... 2,822 1,752 1,070 2,459 1,492 967 1 363 1 260 1 103 1993 ...................... 2,870 1,775 1,095 2,504 1,513 991 1 366 1 262 1 104 1994 ...................... 2,926 1,791 1,135 2,552 1,525 1,027 1 374 1 266 1 108 1995 ...................... 2,978 1,794 1,184 2,598 1,525 1,073 1 380 1 269 1 111 1996 ...................... 3,053 1,856 1,197 2,666 1,582 1,084 1 387 1 274 1 113 1997 2 .................... 3,103 1,882 1,222 2,710 1,604 1,106 1 394 1 278 1 116 1998 3 .................... 3,126 1,894 1,233 2,728 1,612 1,116 399 281 117 Pupil/ teacher ratios 1955 ...................... 27.4 31.4 20.3 26.9 30.2 20.9 1 31.7 1 40.4 1 15.7 1960 ...................... 26.4 29.4 21.4 25.8 28.4 21.7 1 30.7 1 36.1 1 18.6 1965 ...................... 25.1 28.4 20.6 24.7 27.6 20.8 28.3 33.3 18.4 1968 ...................... 23.5 26.0 20.2 23.2 25.4 20.4 25.8 29.9 17.9 1969 ...................... 22.7 25.1 19.7 22.6 24.7 20.0 1 24.0 1 27.8 1 16.7 1970 ...................... 22.4 24.6 19.5 22.3 24.3 19.8 23.0 26.5 16.4 1971 ...................... 22.4 25.0 19.1 22.3 24.9 19.3 1 22.6 1 25.7 1 16.7 1972 ...................... 21.7 23.9 18.9 21.7 23.9 19.1 1 21.6 1 24.0 1 16.9 1973 ...................... 21.3 23.0 19.1 21.3 23.0 19.3 1 21.2 1 23.6 1 16.5 1974 ...................... 20.8 22.6 18.5 20.8 22.6 18.7 1 20.4 1 22.6 1 16.0 1975 ...................... 20.3 21.7 18.6 20.4 21.7 18.8 1 19.6 1 21.5 1 15.7 1976 ...................... 20.1 21.7 18.3 20.2 21.8 18.5 19.3 20.9 15.8 1977 ...................... 19.6 20.9 17.9 19.7 21.1 18.2 18.4 20.0 15.1 1978 ...................... 19.2 20.9 17.1 19.3 21.0 17.3 18.7 20.2 15.6 1979 ...................... 19.0 20.5 17.0 19.1 20.6 17.2 1 18.1 1 19.7 1 14.8 1980 ...................... 18.6 20.1 16.6 18.7 20.4 16.8 17.7 18.8 15.0 1981 ...................... 18.7 20.0 16.8 18.8 20.3 16.9 1 17.6 1 18.6 1 15.2 1982 ...................... 18.4 19.8 16.4 18.6 20.2 16.6 1 17.2 1 18.2 1 14.9 1983 ...................... 18.2 19.6 16.2 18.4 19.9 16.4 17.0 18.0 14.4 1984 ...................... 17.9 19.3 16.0 18.1 19.7 16.1 1 16.8 1 17.7 1 14.4 1985 ...................... 17.6 19.1 15.6 17.9 19.5 15.8 16.2 17.1 14.0 1986 ...................... 17.4 18.8 15.5 17.7 19.3 15.7 1 15.7 1 16.5 1 13.6 1987 ...................... 17.3 18.8 15.0 17.6 19.3 15.2 1 15.5 1 16.5 1 13.1 1988 ...................... 17.0 18.6 14.7 17.3 19.0 14.9 1 15.2 1 16.1 1 12.8 1989 ...................... 16.8 18.4 14.3 17.2 19.0 14.6 1 14.2 1 15.1 1 11.7 1990 ...................... 16.9 18.5 14.3 17.2 18.9 14.6 1 14.7 1 16.1 1 11.3 1991 ...................... 17.0 18.4 14.6 17.3 18.8 15.0 1 14.6 1 16.0 1 11.1 1992 ...................... 17.1 18.4 14.8 17.4 18.8 15.2 1 14.8 1 16.2 1 11.3 1993 ...................... 17.1 18.5 14.7 17.4 18.9 15.1 1 14.9 1 16.3 1 11.5 1994 ...................... 17.0 18.6 14.4 17.3 19.0 14.8 1 15.0 1 16.4 1 11.4 1995 ...................... 17.0 18.9 14.1 17.3 19.3 14.4 1 15.0 1 16.5 1 11.4 1996 ...................... 16.8 18.4 14.3 17.1 18.8 14.6 1 14.9 1 16.4 1 11.5 1997 2 .................... 16.7 18.3 14.2 17.0 18.6 14.5 1 14.9 1 16.3 1 11.4 1998 3 .................... 16.9 18.5 14.4 17.2 18.9 14.7 14.9 16.3 11.4 1 Estimated. 2 Preliminary data. 3 Projected.

NOTE.   Data for teachers are expressed in full time equivalents. Distribution of unclassified teachers by level is estimated. Distribution of elementary and secondary school teachers by level is determined by reporting units. Kindergarten includes a relatively small number of nursery school teachers and students. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools; Common Core of Data surveys and Projections of Education Statistics to 2008. ( This table was prepared July 1998.) 76 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: TEACHERS Table 66.   Public elementary and secondary teachers, by level and state: Fall 1992 to fall 1997 [ In full time equivalents]