UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY                          WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

                                                 	OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND                                                                                POLLUTION PREVENTION

MEMORANDUM

Date:  March 10, 2014

SUBJECT:	Thiabendazole  Acute Probabilistic and Chronic Aggregate Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessments for Section 3 Registration for New Seed Treatment Uses on Assorted Vegetables/Small Grains and Increased Seed Treatment Use Rate on Soybean.   PC Code:  060101 DP Barcode:  D416470 Decision No.:  476711 Registration No.:  100-889, 100-963 Petition No.:  3F8166 Regulatory Action:  Section 3 Registration Risk Assessment Type:  Dietary Case No.:  2760 TXR No.:  Not Applicable CAS No.:  148-79-8 MRID No.:  Not Applicable 40 CFR:  180.242 and 2010 21 CFR:  556.730

FROM:	Bonnie Cropp-Kohlligian, Environmental Scientist             Risk Assessment Branch IV (RABIV), Health Effects Division (HED) (7509P)

THROUGH:	Thurston Morton, Chemist, Senior Scientist  		RABIV, HED (7509P) 			and 		Sheila Piper, Chemist, Senior Scientist 		David Hrdy, Senior Scientist             Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC), HED (7509P)

TO:		Rosemary Kearns/Tony Kish, PM 22 		Fungicide Branch, Registration Division (7505P)

Executive Summary

Acute probabilistic and chronic aggregate dietary (food and drinking water) exposure and risk assessments were conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software with the Food Commodity Intake Database (DEEM-FCID) Version 3.16.  This software uses 2003-2008 food consumption data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, What We Eat in America, (NHANES/WWEIA).  The analyses were conducted in support of a human health risk assessment for the requested increase in the currently registered seed treatment use rate on soybeans and the new Section 3 uses of thiabendazole for seed treatment on assorted vegetables and small grains including:  vegetable, root (except sugar beet), subgroup1B; radish tops; onion, bulb, subgroup 3-07A; Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A; vegetable, cucurbit group 9; alfalfa; spinach; and a number of small grains (barley, oats, rye, and triticale).  A seed treatment use is already registered for wheat and tolerances are established for wheat grain and wheat straw but the registrant submitted a new and complete dataset for wheat with the current petition.  Also, new toxicology data have been submitted and an acute dietary endpoint has recently been selected.  This memorandum was reviewed by two peer reviewers of the DESAC and the entire DESAC on 3/6/14, per DESAC SOP 2012.1.     Refined acute probabilistic and chronic dietary exposure and risk assessments were conducted for all supported thiabendazole food uses and drinking water.  Anticipated residue estimates were based on USDA PDP monitoring data for all uses except, cereal grains, citrus oil/peel, dried beans/peas, soybeans and the proposed new seed treatment uses.  Established/recommended tolerances were used for cereal grains (corn tolerance at the method limit of quantitation; estimated at (1/2) LOQ), citrus oil/peel, dried beans, soybeans and the proposed new seed treatment uses.  Residues based on field trial data were used for dried peas.  Because USDA PDP monitoring data did not include benzimidazole (free and conjugated), an additional factor based on available metabolism data reflecting foliar use was applied to sweet potato/yam, avocado, cantaloupe, strawberry and mushrooms to account for this residue.  Anticipated residue estimates in meat and milk considered exposure from thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs as well as from the use of thiabendazole as an animal drug, regulated by FDA under 21 CFR §556.730 and 21 CFR §558.615.  The available percent crop treated (%CT or PCT) data for the currently registered seed treatment uses of thiabendazole on soybeans and wheat (SLUA report 2/22/13) were used in the acute (maximum %CT for both <2.5) and chronic (average %CT for both <1) dietary assessments.  Tier 1 drinking water estimates were used.  DEEM default processing factors were use for all commodities except potato chips/granules/flakes and wheat processed commodities which relied on empirical data demonstrating that residues do not concentration in these processed commodities.  Also, the maximum theoretical concentration factor for citrus peel (3.3x) was applied to orange and lemon peel; since the use on citrus is post harvest and most of the residues should be found in/on the peel.    For the probabilistic acute dietary assessment (food and drinking water), the dietary exposure at the 99.9[th] percentile of exposure used 26% of the acute population adjusted dose (aPAD) for the general population and 69% of the aPAD for Children 1-2 years, the population subgroup with the highest estimated acute dietary exposure.  Acute dietary (food and drinking water) exposures are below HED's level of concern (<100% aPAD) for all population subgroups.     For the chronic dietary assessment, the dietary exposure used 1.1 % of the chronic population adjusted dose (cPAD) for the general population and 4.7% of the cPAD for Children 1-2 years old, the population subgroup with the highest estimated chronic dietary exposure.  Chronic dietary (food and drinking water) exposures are below HED's level of concern (<100% cPAD) for all population subgroups.

Since thiabendazole is classified as "Likely to be carcinogenic at doses high enough to cause a disturbance of the thyroid hormonal balance but not likely to be carcinogenic at doses lower that those which could cause a disturbance of this hormonal balance," a cancer dietary exposure assessment is not required.

I.  Introduction

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a given pesticide.  For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose that HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health effects).  This dose is referred to as the population-adjusted dose (PAD).  The PAD is equivalent to the point of departure (POD, NOAEL, LOAEL, e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty or safety factors.

For acute and non-cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary risk exceeds 100% of the PAD.  References that discuss the acute and chronic risk assessments in more detail are available on the EPA/pesticides web site:  "Available Information on Assessing Exposure from Pesticides, A User's Guide," 21-JUN-2000, web link:  http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2000/July/Day-12/6061.pdf; or see SOP 99.6 (20-AUG-1999).

The most recent dietary risk assessment for thiabendazole was conducted by T. Morton (7/8/10, DP Number D379937).  That assessment was conducted for aggregate chronic dietary exposure (food and drinking water) and risk only.  Recently, an acute dietary endpoint for thiabendazole has been identified.  Details concerning the selected dietary endpoints will be provided in the forthcoming risk assessment (D416471).

II.  Residue Information Reference Memos:	No DP Barcode, L. Cheng, 2/14/92 (HED Metabolism Committee - Livestock) 			D165718, L. Cheng, 1992 Phase V Review (Plant metabolism data (foliar)) 			D170818/D169697, L. Cheng, 1992 Phase V Review (Livestock metabolism data) 			D207850/D214188, S. Mason, 1/8/99 (Residues of concern for post harvest uses) 		D261103, T. Morton, 12/2/99 (HED MARC - Plant, Rotational and Water) 			D267871, T. Morton, 9/7/00 (HED Residue Chemistry Chapter to RED) 			D366219, J. Stokes, 1/13/10 (Most recent livestock diet burden calculations) 			D410807/D410833/D313507, S. Hummel, 2/25/14 (Current Petition 3F8166)

Existing/Proposed Agricultural Uses:  Thiabendazole is used to control a variety of fruit and vegetable diseases such as mold, blight, rot and stains caused by various fungi.  It is mostly used post harvest as a dip or spray on bananas/plantains, carrot, citrus fruits, pome fruits, potatoes, mango, and papaya.  It is also registered for use on mushrooms and for use as a seed treatment on potato seed pieces, sweet potato seed pieces, soybean, dried beans/peas and wheat.  There are also tolerances with no U.S. registrations for avocado, cantaloupe and strawberry. [Note:  Thiabendazole hypophosphorous salt (060102) is not currently registered for food uses.] Now, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. is proposing uses of thiabendazole for seed treatment on:  vegetable, root (except sugar beet), subgroup1B; radish tops; onion, bulb, subgroup 3-07A; Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A; vegetable, cucurbit group 9; alfalfa; spinach; and a number of small grains (barley, oats, rye, and triticale).  They are also requesting an increase in the currently registered seed treatment use rate on soybeans.

Residues of Concern:  The qualitative nature of the residue in plants is adequately understood based on soybean, sugar beet and wheat metabolism studies reflecting foliar treatments.  The HED Metabolism Assessment Review Committee (MARC) determined that residues of concern in plants for regulation and dietary risk assessment include thiabendazole and its metabolite benzimidazole (free and conjugated).  No residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole were identified in these plant metabolism studies.  [Note:  The 5-hydroxythiabendazole metabolite was identified as a minor residue in rotational crops.]  Post harvest treatments are expected to result in the highest potential residues of thiabendazole per se in/on plant commodities and potential residues of benzimidazole (free and conjugated) are unlikely to contribute significantly to the total thiabendazole residues of concern for these uses.  Based on re-evaluation of the available foliar metabolism data, the reviewer has determined that maximum total thiabendazole residues of concern in soybean (foliage, immature plant, straw and seed), sugar beet roots, sugar beet tops and wheat (foliage, forage, straw and grain) may be estimated by multiplying the thiabendazole residue level by 1.5x, 1.4x, 1.8x and 1.8x, respectively.

The qualitative nature of the residue in animals is adequately understood based on acceptable ruminant and poultry metabolism studies.  The HED Metabolism Committee determined that residues of concern in livestock for regulation and dietary risk assessment include thiabendazole, 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated), and benzimidazole.

Currently Established Tolerances:  Under 40 CFR §180.242(a)(1) tolerances are established for the combined residues of thiabendazole and its metabolite benzimidazole (free and conjugated) in/on a number of crops.  Tolerances range from 0.01 ppm for seed treatments to 40 ppm in/on mushroom.  There are also tolerances with no U.S. registrations in/on avocado (10.0 ppm), cantaloupe (15.0 ppm) and strawberry (5.0 ppm).  Threshold of Regulation (TOR) determinations for residues of thiabendazole are established under 40 CFR §180.2010 for use as a seed treatment on dry pea (including field pea, pigeon pea, chickpea or lentil); although a tolerance level has not been established, residues are not expected to exceed 0.01 ppm (LOQ) from the maximum registered application rate of 0.075 lbs ai/100 lbs seed.

Under 40 CFR §180.242(a)(2) tolerances are established for the combined residues of thiabendazole and its metabolites 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) and benzimidazole in: (1) milk at 0.1 ppm; (2) cattle meat at 0.1 ppm; (3) cattle, goat, horse, and sheep meat byproducts at 0.4 ppm; and (4) hog meat byproduct 0.3 ppm.  HED has determined that there is no reasonable expectation of finite residues of thiabendazole in poultry and egg.

Existing Animal Drug Uses:  Thiabendazole is used medicinally as a chelating agent to bind metals.  In addition, it is administered to treat several helminthes species such as roundworms in livestock and humans.  These medicinal uses of thiabendazole are regulated by FDA.  This dietary risk assessment has considered residues incurred in livestock commodities from the use of thiabendazole as an animal drug regulated by FDA.

Under 21 CFR §556.730 tolerances are established at 0.1 ppm for negligible residues of thiabendazole in uncooked edible tissues of cattle, goats, sheep, pheasants and swine, and at 0.05 ppm for negligible residues in milk.  These tolerances are established for the prescribed dosing and intervals of preslaughter withdrawal and milk discard specified under 21 CFR §558.615.   New Recommended Tolerances:  Under PP#3F8166, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. is petitioning for tolerances for residues of thiabendazole and its metabolite benzimidazole (free and conjugated) in/on:  vegetable, root (except sugar beet), subgroup1B; onion, bulb, subgroup 3-07A; Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A; vegetable, cucurbit group 9; alfalfa seed; spinach; and barley, oats, rye, and triticale grains; and livestock feedstuffs (forage, hay, and straw) of alfalfa, barley, oats, rye, wheat and triticale.  HED is recommending the tolerances (excluding livestock feedstuffs) below for residues of thiabendazole and its metabolite benzimidazole (free and conjugated):

      Vegetable, root (except sugar beet), subgroup 1B	0.02 ppm       Onion, bulb, subgroup 3-07A	0.02 ppm       Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5-A	0.02 ppm       Vegetable, cucurbit, group 9	0.02 ppm       Spinach	0.02 ppm       Barley, grain	0.05 ppm       Oat, grain	0.05 ppm       Rye, grain	0.05 ppm       Triticale, grain	0.05 ppm        HED has determined that it is not appropriate to set a tolerance in/on alfalfa seed and the currently established tolerance in/on soybean (0.1 ppm) is adequate for the requested increased seed treatment use rate on soybeans.  Along with PP#3F8166, Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. submitted a new and complete dataset for wheat grain supporting the existing seed treatment use on wheat.  Although not petitioned-for, HED is recommending that the current tolerance in/on wheat grain be lowered from 1.0 ppm (established for foliar uses that no longer exist) to 0.05 ppm consistent with the new data.

Crop Commodities - Anticipated Residues

Refined acute probabilistic and chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted for thiabendazole using anticipated residue estimates for all existing uses except, cereal grains, citrus oil/peel, dried beans/peas and soybeans.  Established/recommended tolerances were used for cereal grains (corn tolerance at the method limit of quantitation; estimated at (1/2) LOQ), citrus oil/peel, dried beans, soybeans and the proposed new seed treatment uses.  Maximum residues based on field trial data were used for dried peas.  Anticipated residue estimates for carrot, potato, sweet potato, cantaloupe, orange, apple, pear baby food, strawberry, mushrooms, avocado, banana, mango, and papaya were based on USDA PDP monitoring data for thiabendazole and translated, as appropriate to yams, other citrus fruits, other pome fruits and plantains.  Because USDA PDP monitoring data did not include benzimidazole (free and conjugated), an additional factor based on available metabolism data reflecting foliar use was applied to sweet potato/yam, avocado, cantaloupe, strawberry and mushrooms to account for this residue.  The factor (1.4x) applied to sweet potato/yam was based on sugar beet root metabolism data and the factor (1.8x) applied to avocado, cantaloupe, strawberry and mushrooms was based on the maximum factor identified in any of the metabolism studies.  See Attachment 1 for details.

USDA PDP findings for the metabolite 5-hydroxythiabendazole:  The HED MARC determined that residues of concern in plants for regulation and dietary risk assessment include thiabendazole and its metabolite benzimidazole (free and conjugated).  No residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole were identified in the plant metabolism studies reflecting foliar use and it was not identified as a significant residue in the rotational crops studies.  Hence, based on available residue chemistry data, 5-hydroxythiabendazole was not deemed a significant residue in crops.

USDA PDP did generate some limited data for 5-hydroxythiabendazole (assumed to be free only) because it was easily determined by the data-collection methods (personal communication with D. Hrdy).  For some of the USDA PDP data used in the dietary assessments, HED found that detectable residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole were also detectable in/on some of the apple, apple juice, apple sauce, banana, orange, orange juice and potato samples used in the dietary assessments.  However, detailed analyses of the individual sample data (personal communication with S. Nako) found that these detectable levels of 5-hydroxythiabendazole did not rise to a level of significance as a percentage of the levels of the parent present (<10%) for all but orange juice; and in the case of orange juice, the levels detected were extremely low (<= 0.002 ppm) and nearly equal to the LOD of the data-collection method (0.001 ppm) for 5-hydroxythiabendazole in/on orange juice.  See Table 1 below for details.  Hence, these detectable levels of 5-hydroxythiabendazole are of little consequence to the dietary risk assessments and were not included.   Thus far, analyses of all of the available USDA PDP 5-hydroxythiabendazole data (up through 2012 and with respect to levels in the absolute and/or as a percent of the residues of parent) do not seem to contradict the HED MARC decision that residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole are not a residue of concern in/on crops.

Table 1.  USDA PDP Data for Detectable Residues of Free 5-Hydroxythiabendazole (5-Hydroxy).[1]  Commodities with Detects/Years with Detects and used in Dietary Assessments                    Detects Found (Number of samples or ppm)                       Percent Detects Relative to Parent                                       (%)

                                 Samples with                              5-Hydroxy and Parent                             Detected/Total Used in                              Dietary Assessment[1]                                     Samples                                    with Only                                    5-Hydroxy                                    Detected                                     Maximum                                    5-Hydroxy                                    Detected                                      (ppm)                                      mean                                       max Apple/2009                                     10/1162                                        0                                      0.018                                       1.0                                       1.8 Apple Juice/2007 and 2008                                     14/183                                        0                                     0.0043                                       1.6                                       2.4 Apple Sauce/2006                                     39/744                                        1                                      0.019                                       2.7                                       8.3 Banana/2006 an d 2007                                     60/2045                                        0                                      0.002                                       7.5                                       24 Orange/2009                                     2/1488                                        0                                      0.005                                       3.4                                       3.8 Orange Juice/2006                                     8/1106                                        0                                      0.002                                       24                                       30 Potato/2008 and 2009                                     6/1488                                        0                                      0.017                                       1.1                                       3.0 [1]  Not all samples used in the dietary analyses were analyzed for residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole.  This table only includes data for samples used  in the current dietary risk assessments which were found to have detectable residues of thiabendazole and 5-hydroxythiabendazole.  These data were extracted from a more complete analysis of the available USDA PDP 5-hydroxythiabendazole data conducted by S. Nako.

Livestock Commodities - Anticipated Residues

Under 40 CFR §180.242(a)(2) tolerances are established for the combined residues of thiabendazole and its metabolites 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) and benzimidazole in: (1) milk at 0.1 ppm; (2) cattle meat at 0.1 ppm; (3) cattle, goat, horse, and sheep meat byproducts at 0.4 ppm; and (4) hog meat byproduct 0.3 ppm.  HED has determined that there is no reasonable expectation of finite residues of thiabendazole in poultry and egg.  In the most recent evaluation of maximum reasonably balanced dietary burdens for ruminants and available ruminant livestock metabolism and magnitude of the residue data, HED found that some of the established livestock tolerances could be lowered but did not recommend this action.  Livestock feedstuffs in the current petition are not expected to increase the most recent maximum reasonably balanced dietary burden estimates.

The maximum reasonably balanced dietary burdens for beef and dairy cattle are 21 ppm and 9.2 ppm, respectively.  In the ruminant feeding study (MRID 40271707), thiabendazole was fed to dairy cows (3 animals/dose group) at levels of 25, 75, and 250 ppm in the diet for 28 consecutive days.  These feeding levels are equivalent to 1.2x, 3.6x, and 12x the dietary burden for beef cattle (21.0 ppm) and 2.7x, 8.2x, and 27x the dietary burden for dairy cattle (9.2 ppm).  Residues of thiabendazole and 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) were determined in fat, kidney, liver and muscle within 24 hours of the last dose (day 29) and after a depuration period of nearly 30 days (day 57).  Residues of thiabendazole and 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) were determined in milk on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of the dosing period and on days 29, 35, 42, 49 and 56 of the depuration period.

Although residues of benzimidazole were not determined in the feeding study, based on the goat metabolism study, finite residues of benzimidazole are not expected in milk and should not be greater than 0.7x the level of 5-hydroxythiabendazole residues found in tissues.  The metabolite, 5-hydroxythiabendazole was the major residue in kidney, liver and milk; it was an order of magnitude or more than parent.  Maximum combined residues of thiabendazole, 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) and benzimidazole from exposure to thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs in fat, kidney, liver, meat and milk are estimated at 0.005 ppm, 0.2 ppm, 0.07 ppm, 0.001 ppm and 0.017 ppm, respectively.  See Table 2 below for details and calculations.

Table 2.  Maximum residues of thiabendazole (TBZ), 5-hydroxythiabendazole (5-OH-TBZ) and benzimidazole (BNZ) based on days 2-28 of the cattle feeding study (MRID 40271707).

Matrix

Feeding Level (ppm) [1]

TBZ Found (ppm)

5-OH-TBZ Found (ppm)  BNZ Estimated (ppm) [2]

Combined Residues (ppm)

Sum of residues found Adjusted for residues in control[3] Adjusted to 1x feeding level

Fat 0 0.017 0.002 0.001 0.020 -- --

25 0.018 0.004 0.003 0.025 0.005 0.004

75 0.017 0.012 0.008 0.037 0.017 0.005

250 0.015 0.010 0.007 0.032 0.012 0.001

Kidney 0 0.018 0.009 0.006 0.033 -- --

25 0.012 0.049 0.034 0.095 0.062 0.05

75 0.017 0.421 0.295 0.733 0.700 0.2

250 0.030 0.546 0.382 0.958 0.925 0.08

Liver 0 0.016 0.012 0.008 0.036 -- --

25 0.022 0.028 0.020 0.070 0.034 0.03

75 0.060 0.130 0.091 0.281 0.245 0.07

250 0.080 0.156 0.109 0.185 0.149 0.01

Muscle 0 0.015 0.003 0.002 0.020 -- --

25 0.014 0.003 0.002 0.019 <0.001 <0.001

75 0.014 0.006 0.004 0.024 0.004 0.001

250 0.017 0.005 0.004 0.026 0.006 <0.001

Milk [4] 0 0.019 0.005 zero 0.024 -- --

25 0.018 0.018

0.036 0.012 0.004

75 0.014 0.148

0.162 0.138 0.017

250 0.016 0.246

0.262 0.238 0.009 1	The 25, 75, and 250 ppm dose levels are equivalent to 1.2x, 3.6x, and 12x the maximum reasonably balanced dietary burden of beef cattle (21 ppm) and 2.7x, 8.2x, and 27x the maximum reasonably balanced dietary burden of dairy cattle (9.2 ppm), respectively. 2	Residues of benzimidazole were not determined in the cattle feeding study so estimates of benzimidazole are based on the goat metabolism study.  Based on these data benzimidazole residues would not exceed 0.7x the residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) found  in tissues.  Residues of benzimidazole were not detected in milk from the goat metabolism study.  3	Combined Residues in treated samples are adjusted for Combined Residues in control samples.  Source of residues in control samples was not specified in the submission but is likely a consequence of the data collection method which used fluorometry detection. 4	Residue data are from milk samples collected on days 2-28 of dosing period.  Residues in milk plateau around day 4 of the dosing period.  Residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole were an order of magnitude greater than parent at the higher doses.

In the depuration study, residues of thiabendazole and 5-hydroxythiabendazole in samples of tissues and milk from all dosing levels were nearly equal to residues in the control samples after a depuration period of about 30 days (day 57) and 4 days (first depuration day tested for milk samples), respectively.

Thiabendazole is also registered as an animal drug by FDA and under 21 CFR §558.615 it is prescribed for use in feeds of cattle (max. 5 g/100 lb body weight), goats (max. 3 g/100 lb body weight), sheep (max. 2 g/100 lb body weight), swine (max. 0.1 % in feed continuously for 2 weeks followed by 0.02 % in feed for 8-14 weeks) and peasants (max. 0.05 % in feed continuously for 2 weeks).  Lengthy preslaughter withdrawal intervals (21-30 days) are imposed for all but cattle (3 days).  Also, there is a significant milk discard interval (4 days; within 96 hours (8 milkings)).  Related tolerances are established under 21 CFR §556.730 at 0.1 ppm for negligible residues of thiabendazole in uncooked edible tissues of cattle, goats, sheep, swine and pheasants, and at 0.05 ppm for negligible residues in milk.  A tolerance for negligible residues is required when it is not possible to determine whether finite residues will be incurred but there is reasonable expectation that they may be present (21 CFR §556.1(a)(2)).  Hence, it can be assumed that these tolerances are established at a limit of quantitation and residues for thiabendazole used as an animal drug can be estimated at (1/2)LOQ.  Therefore, residues of thiabendazole from the use as an animal drug should not be greater than 0.05 ppm and 0.025 ppm ((1/2)LOQ) in treated livestock tissues and milk, respectively.  Moreover, given the lengthy prescribed preslaughter withdrawal intervals for all but cattle, it would be reasonable to estimate anticipated residues of thiabendazole in the edible tissues of goats, sheep, swine and pheasants for the purposes of dietary risk assessment at nil.  The available feeding/depuration study data indicate that residues do not plateau in milk for 3-4 days and decline relatively rapidly once dosing is terminated; hence the single dose and prescribed milk discard interval (4 days) should ensure that residues in milk should be extremely low.

There are extensive USDA PDP data available for milk (2004-2005) which found no detectable residues of thiabendazole (<0.001 ppm) in 1485 samples and for heavy cream (2007) which found no detectable residues of thiabendazole (<0.008 ppm) or 5-hydroxythiabendazole (<0.025 ppm) in 742 samples.  [Note:  Heavy cream samples from 2005 and all milk samples were not analyzed for residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole.]  Milk samples were not analyzed of residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole; however, based on the cattle feeding study, residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) could be estimated at an order of magnitude greater that parent.  Hence, the estimated combined residues of parent and 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) in milk would be < 0.01 ppm.

Conclusions:  Under 40 CFR §180.242(a)(2) tolerances are established for the combined residues of thiabendazole and its metabolites 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) and benzimidazole in: (1) milk at 0.1 ppm; (2) cattle meat at 0.1 ppm; (3) cattle, goat, horse, and sheep meat byproducts at 0.4 ppm; and (4) hog meat byproduct 0.3 ppm.  HED has determined that there is no reasonable expectation of finite residues of thiabendazole in poultry and egg.  Based on available livestock feeding study data, maximum thiabendazole residues of concern resulting from exposure to thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs are estimated at 0.005 ppm in fat, 0.2 ppm in kidney, 0.07 ppm in liver and 0.001 ppm in meat.  The estimate in kidney (0.2 ppm) will be translated to meat-byproducts.  These estimates will also cover anticipated residues of thiabendazole in tissues from the use of thiabendazole as an animal drug with the exceptions of beef meat and beef fat.

Thiabendazole is also used as an animal drug, regulated by FDA, and tolerances are established under 21 CFR §556.730 for residues of thiabendazole at 0.1 ppm for negligible residues of thiabendazole in uncooked edible tissues of cattle, goats, sheep, pheasants and swine, and at 0.05 ppm for negligible residues in milk.  However, given the lengthy prescribed preslaughter withdrawal intervals (21-30 days) for all but cattle (3 days), it would be reasonable to estimate residues of thiabendazole in the edible tissues of goats, sheep, swine and pheasants for the purposes of dietary risk assessment at nil.  Therefore, residues of thiabendazole are estimated at 0.05 ppm ((1/2)LOQ) in beef meat and beef fat.  [Note:  Available feeding and metabolism data indicate that parent is the major residue in meat and fat.]  These estimates will also cover anticipated residues of thiabendazole in these tissues from exposure to thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs.

There are extensive USDA PDP data available for milk (2004-2005) which found no detectable residues of thiabendazole (<0.001 ppm) in 1485 samples and for heavy cream (2007) which found no detectable residues of thiabendazole (<0.008 ppm) or 5-hydroxythiabendazole (<0.025 ppm) in 742 samples.  [Note:  Heavy cream samples from 2005 and all milk samples were not analyzed for residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole.]  Milk samples were not analyzed of residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole; however, based on the cattle feeding study, residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) could be estimated at an order of magnitude greater that parent.  Hence, the estimated combined residues of parent and 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) in milk would be < 0.01 ppm.  Based on the available metabolism data, residues of benzimidazole are not expected in milk.

Fish

No tolerances are currently established for residues of thiabendazole in fish.  The USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) monitored pesticide residues in catfish in 2008, 2009, and 2010.  Only the catfish samples collected in 2008 (552 samples) were analyzed for residues of thiabendazole and only one was found to have detectable residues of thiabendazole (0.0031 ppm) at a level very close to the limit of detection (0.002 ppm).  As a result, residues in fish were not included in the assessment.

III.  Percent Crop Treated Information

The available percent crop treated (%CT or PCT) data for the currently registered seed treatment uses of thiabendazole on soybeans and wheat (SLUA report 2/22/13) were used in the acute and chronic dietary assessments.  The following maximum percent crop treated estimates were used in the acute dietary risk assessment for the following crops that are currently registered for thiabendazole:  soybeans 2.5% and wheat 2.5%.  The following average percent crop treated estimates were used in the chronic dietary risk assessment for the following crops that are currently registered for thiabendazole:  soybeans 1% and wheat 1%.  The available %CT data for the currently registered seed treatment use of thiabendazole on potatoes was not use since there is also a post harvest use on potatoes.  No other %CT data are available according to BEAD (Email dated 12/12/13 from S. Haddad (BEAD) to T. Morton (HED)) and, therefore, 100% crop treated was assumed for all other existing/proposed uses.  See Attachment 9.

IV.  Drinking Water Data -  EFED Memo:	D410805, 2/24/14, J. Wolf. (Drinking Water Assessment (DWA))

The drinking water estimates used in the dietary risk assessment were provided by the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED; D410805).  EFED conducted a Tier I drinking water assessment for thiabendazole in surface water using the FQPA Index Reservoir Screening Tool (FIRST) model and in ground water using the Pesticide Root Zone Model for GroundWater (PRZM-GW).  The highest Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs) resulted from the currently registered use of thiabendazole on wheat as a seed treatment and not from the proposed new uses or requested soybean use rate increase.  Surface water estimates were higher than ground water estimates.  The highest EDWCs for peak and annual mean were 3.80 and 0.47 μg/L (ppb), respectively.  The peak concentration of 0.0038 ppm and annual mean of 0.00047 ppm were used in the acute and chronic dietary exposure analyses, respectively.  See Table 3 below for details.

Table 3.  Summary of Tier 1 Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations in Surface and Ground Water for the New Uses and Previously Assessed Wheat Use.

New Uses and Reassessment Thiabendazole

Peak Concentration Annual Average Surface Water Crop (app rate lb a.i./A) Model ug/L

New Uses (0.15) FIRST 2.85 0.35

Wheat (0.20) FIRST 3.80 0.47

From RED Peak Concentration 56-day Average

Wheat  (0.20)  GENEEC 2.40[1] 1.55[1] Groundwater

Highest Daily Concentration Average Concentration after Breakthrough

New Uses (0.15) PRZM-GW 0.46 -

Wheat (0.20) PRZM-GW 0.62 - [1]  The highest EDWCs in surface water for thiabendazole were previously prepared for the 2002 Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED), using the Tier 1 GENEEC model (which has since been replaced by the FIRST model) for surface water and the SCI-GROW model (which has since been replaced with PRZM-GW) for groundwater.  The peak concentrations are higher than previously determined for the RED primarily due to changes in the conceptual model (GENEEC vs. FIRST) (e.g., differences of field size and shape and the implementation of the Index Reservoir) and difference in fate input values for modeling. The chronic EDWCs are lower than before due the inclusion of the Index Reservoir (e.g., size and flow through the reservoir).

The drinking water models and their descriptions are available at the EPA internet site: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/.

V.  DEEM-FCID Program and Consumption Information

Thiabendazole acute probabilistic and chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted using the DEEM-FCID, Version 3.16, which incorporates 2003-2008 consumption data from USDA's NHANES/WWEIA.  The data are based on the reported consumption of more than 20,000 individuals over two non-consecutive survey days.  Foods "as consumed" (e.g., apple pie) are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g., apples, peeled fruit - cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S, baked) using publicly available recipe translation files developed jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA.  For chronic exposure assessment, consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within population subgroups.  However, for acute exposure assessment, consumption data are retained as individual consumption events.  Based on analysis of the 2003-2008 WWEIA consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and survey respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report risk for the following population subgroups: the general U.S. population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5, children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50-99 years old.

For a chronic dietary exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue level in each food or food-form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average daily consumption estimate for that food/food form to produce a residue intake estimate.  The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form is summed with the residue intake estimates for all other food/food forms on the commodity residue list to arrive at the total average estimated exposure.  Exposure is expressed in mg/kg body weight/day and as a percent of the cPAD.  This procedure is performed for each population subgroup.

For an acute exposure assessment, individual one-day food consumption data are used on an individual-by-individual basis.  The reported consumption amounts of each food item can be multiplied by a residue point estimate and summed to obtain a total daily pesticide exposure for a deterministic exposure assessment, or "matched" in multiple random pairings with residue values and then summed in a probabilistic assessment.  The resulting distribution of exposures is expressed as a percentage of the aPAD on both a user (i.e., only those who reported eating relevant commodities/food forms) and a per-capita (i.e., those who reported eating the relevant commodities as well as those who did not) basis.  In accordance with HED policy, per capita exposure and risk are reported for analyses performed at all levels of refinement.  However, for deterministic assessments, any significant differences in user vs. per capita exposure and risk are specifically identified and noted in the risk assessment.

VI.  Toxicological Information

The doses and toxicological endpoints selected for dietary risk assessment are summarized in Table 4 below.  Since the most recent dietary assessment, an acute dietary endpoint has been selected.  For details on the selected dietary endpoints, see the forthcoming risk assessment (D416471).

Table 4.  Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Thiabendazole Exposure/ Scenario Point of Departure Uncertainty/FQPA Factors Level of Concern for Risk Assessment Study and Toxicological Effects Acute Dietary (general population including females 13  -  49 years and children) NOAEL = 50 mg/kg/day UFA = 10x UFH = 10x FQPA = UFDB = 10x aRfD = 0.05 mg/kg/day aPAD = 0.05 mg/kg/day Acute neurotoxicity Study MRID 48996309 LOAEL = 200 mg/kg based decreases in the FOB (reduced body temperature in males p<0.05, and reduced rearing in females ↓54%, p<0.01), reduced locomotor activity in males and females (↓37-46%, p<0.01), at time of peak effect (approximately 3 hours post-dose). Reduced body weight gain (p<0.01) and food consumption (↓44%, p<0.01) occurred on day 1. Chronic Dietary NOAEL = 10mg/kg/day UFA = 3x UFH = 10x FQPA = UFDB = 10x cRfD = 0.033 mg/kg/day cPAD = 0.033 mg/kg/day 2-Year chronic carcinogenicity in the Rat MRID 43593201  co-critical with subchronic toxicity rat  study MRID 42942802 Chronic LOAEL = 30 mg/kg/day based on decreased body weight gains and liver hypertrophy.  Thiabendazole induced thyroid adenomas in male rats at dosages of >=30 mg/kg/day.

Subchronic LOAEL = 40 mg/kg/ based on reduced body weight and body weight gains ((↓11%) and histopathological changes in the bone marrow (erythroid hyperplasia), liver (centrilobular hypertrophy), thyroid (follicular cell hypertrophy) and spleen (pigmented). Cancer (all routes) Likely to be carcinogenic at doses high enough to cause a disturbance of the thyroid hormonal balance but not likely to be carcinogenic at doses lower that those which could cause a disturbance of this hormonal balance (TXR 0050554). Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is derived from observed dose-response data and  used to mark the beginning of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally relevant human exposures.  NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level.  LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level.  UF = uncertainty factor.  UFA = extrapolation from animal to human (interspecies).  UFH = potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population (intraspecies).    UFDB = to account for the absence of key date (i.e., lack of a critical study).  FQPA SF = FQPA Safety Factor.  PAD = population adjusted dose (a = acute, c = chronic).  RfD = reference dose.  MOE = margin of exposure.  LOC = level of concern. DAF = dermal absorption factor (TXR 0055373)

VII.  Results/Discussion

For acute and chronic assessments, HED is concerned when dietary risk exceeds 100% of the PAD.  The DEEM-FCID analyses estimate the dietary exposure of the U.S. population and various population subgroups.  The acute and chronic results reported in Table 4 are for the general U.S. population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5, children 6-12, youth 13-19, females 13-49, adults 20-49, and adults 50+ years.

Estimated acute and chronic dietary exposures to thiabendazole from food and drinking water are below HED's level of concern for all population subgroups.  The combined acute dietary exposure from food and drinking water at the 99.9[th] percentile of exposure is estimated at 0.012953 mg/kg/day for the general population, equivalent to 26% of the aPAD.  The population subgroup with the highest estimated acute dietary exposure is children 1-2 years, with an estimated exposure at the 99.9[th] percentile of 0.034322 mg/kg/day, equivalent to 69% of the aPAD.  The combined chronic dietary exposure from food and drinking water is estimated at 0.000379 mg/kg/day for the general population (1.1% of the cPAD) and 0.001562 mg/kg/day the most highly exposed population subgroup, Children 1-2 years old (4.7% cPAD).  The results for all populations are summarized in Table 5 below.

Since thiabendazole is classified as "Likely to be carcinogenic at doses high enough to cause a disturbance of the thyroid hormonal balance but not likely to be carcinogenic at doses lower that those which could cause a disturbance of this hormonal balance," a cancer dietary exposure assessment is not required.

 Table 5.  Summary of Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk for Thiabendazole.                               Population Subgroup                                  Acute Dietary                                (99.9 Percentile)                                 Chronic Dietary                                      Cancer                                                                    Dietary Exposure (mg/kg/day)                                     % aPAD*                                 Dietary Exposure                                   (mg/kg/day)                                     % cPAD*                                 Dietary Exposure                                   (mg/kg/day)                                       Risk  General U.S. Population  0.012953                                        26  0.000379                                       1.1      All Infants (<1 year old)  0.021098                                        42  0.000612                                       1.9                                       N/A                                       N/A  Children 1-2 years old*  0.034322                                        69  0.001562                                       4.7      Children 3-5 years old  0.028211                                        56  0.001081                                       3.3      Children 6-12 years old  0.017865                                        36  0.000597                                       1.8      Youth 13-19 years old  0.009042                                        18  0.000295                                       0.9      Adults 20-49 years old  0.007528                                        15  0.000267                                       0.8      Adults 50-99 years old  0.007786                                        16  0.000276                                       0.8      Females 13-49 years old  0.007789                                        16  0.000256                                       0.8     *The population subgroup(s) with the highest risk estimates.

   VIII.  Characterization of Inputs/Outputs   With regards to food, refined acute probabilistic and chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted for thiabendazole using anticipated residue estimates for all existing uses except, cereal grains, citrus oil/peel, dried beans/peas and soybeans.  Established/recommended tolerances were used for cereal grains (corn tolerance at the method limit of quantitation; estimated at (1/2) LOQ), citrus oil/peel, dried beans, soybeans and the proposed new seed treatment uses.  Maximum residues based on field trial data were used for dried peas.  Anticipated residue estimates for carrot, potato, sweet potato, cantaloupe, orange, apple, pear baby food, strawberry, mushrooms, avocado, banana, mango, and papaya were based on USDA PDP monitoring data for thiabendazole and translated, as appropriate to yams, other citrus fruits, other pome fruits and plantains.  Because USDA PDP monitoring data did not include benzimidazole (free and conjugated), an additional factor based on available metabolism data reflecting foliar use was applied to sweet potato/yam, avocado, cantaloupe, strawberry and mushrooms to account for this residue.

There is no reasonable expectation of finite residues of thiabendazole in poultry and eggs.  Anticipated residue estimates in meat and milk considered exposure from thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs as well as from the use of thiabendazole as an animal drug, regulated by FDA.  Anticipated residue estimates in tissues with the exceptions of beef meat and beef fat were based on feeding study data.  Anticipated residue estimates in the meat and fat of beef were based on tolerances established under 21 CFR §556.730 for residues of thiabendazole at 0.1 ppm for negligible residues of thiabendazole in tissues.  The anticipated residue estimate in milk was based on USDA PDP data for parent and available feeding study data for its metabolite, 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated).  All estimates were supported by available ruminant metabolism data.

 DEEM default processing factors were use for all commodities except potato chips/granules/flakes and wheat processed commodities which relied on empirical data demonstrating that residues do not concentration in these processed commodities.  Also, the maximum theoretical concentration factor for citrus peel (3.3x) was applied to orange and lemon peel, since the use on citrus is post harvest and most of the residues should be found in/on the peel.

The available percent crop treated (%CT or PCT) data for the currently registered seed treatment uses of thiabendazole on soybeans and wheat (SLUA report 2/22/13) were used in the acute (maximum %CT for both <2.5) and chronic (average %CT for both <1) dietary assessments. The available %CT data for the currently registered seed treatment use of thiabendazole on potatoes was not use since there is also a post harvest use on potatoes.  No other %CT data are available according to BEAD (Email dated 12/12/13 from S. Haddad (BEAD) to T. Morton (HED)) and, therefore, 100% crop treated was assumed for all other existing/proposed uses.   The drinking water estimates used in the dietary risk assessment were provided by the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED; D410805).  EFED conducted a Tier I drinking water assessment for thiabendazole in surface water using the FQPA Index Reservoir Screening Tool (FIRST) model and in ground water using the Pesticide Root Zone Model for GroundWater (PRZM-GW).  The highest Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs) resulted from the currently registered use of thiabendazole on wheat as a seed treatment and not from the proposed new uses or requested soybean use rate increase.  Surface water estimates were higher than ground water estimates.  The highest EDWCs were 3.80 and 0.47 μg/L (ppb) for peak and annual mean, respectively.  The peak concentration of 0.0038 ppm and annual mean of 0.00047 ppm were used in the acute and chronic dietary exposure analyses, respectively.

 Estimated acute dietary exposures to thiabendazole from food and drinking water are below HED's level of concern for all population subgroups.  The combined acute dietary exposure from food and drinking water at the 99.9[th] percentile of exposure is estimated to 0.012953 mg/kg/day for the general population, equivalent to 26% of the aPAD.  The population subgroup with the highest estimated acute dietary exposure is children 1-2 years, with an estimated exposure at the 99.9[th] percentile of 0.034322 mg/kg/day, equivalent to 69% of the aPAD.  The major risk drivers were fresh apple with peel (58%), fresh pear (14%) and apple juice (9%) for the most highly exposed population subgroup (Children 1-2 years).  Anticipated residue estimates for these food forms were based on available USDA PDP data.  Available apple and apple juice data were used directly and apple data were translated to pear.  [Note:  For pears, the reviewer used the more recent USDA PDP data for apple (2009 and 2010) rather than the older USDA PDP data for pear (2003-2005).  USDA PDP data for pear in 2009 and 2010 did not analyze for residues of thiabendazole.]  USDA PDP findings for these food forms were relatively high with regards to both level and frequency most likely due to the post harvest use on these crops.  The analyses assumed 100% crop treated in the absence of more specific data.  Tier 1 drinking water estimates were used; however, drinking water did not contribute significantly to the dietary exposure for any of the population subgroups.  [See Attachment 5 for acute results for food only.]  Additional percent crop treated data and/or further refinements to the drinking water estimates might be of little value to further refinements of the acute dietary assessments.   Chronic dietary exposure estimates for food and drinking water are well below HED's level of concern (<100% CPAD) for all population subgroups.  The dietary exposure is estimated at 0.000379 mg/kg/day for the general population (1.1% of the cPAD) and 0.001562 mg/kg/day (4.7% of the cPAD) for Children 1-2 years old, the population subgroup with the highest estimated chronic dietary exposure.      IX.  Conclusions

 Refined acute probabilistic and chronic dietary exposures were conducted for all supported thiabendazole food uses and drinking water.  For the acute assessment, aggregate dietary (food and drinking water) exposures are below HED's level of concern (<100% aPAD) at the 99.9[th] percentile of exposure for all population subgroups.  The combined acute dietary exposure from food and drinking water at the 99.9[th] percentile of exposure is estimated to 0.012953 mg/kg/day for the overall U.S. population, equivalent to 26% of the aPAD.  The population subgroup with the highest estimated acute dietary exposure is children 1-2 years, with an estimated exposure at the 99.9[th] percentile of 0.034322 mg/kg/day, equivalent to 69% of the aPAD.     Chronic dietary exposure estimates for food and drinking water are well below HED's level of concern (<100% CPAD) for all population subgroups.  The dietary exposure is estimated at 0.000379 mg/kg/day for the general U.S. population (1.1% of the cPAD) and 0.001562 mg/kg/day (4.7% of the cPAD) for Children 1-2 years old, the population subgroup with the highest estimated chronic dietary exposure.        X.  List of Attachments    ::	Attachment 1.  Data and Residue Estimates Used in the Dietary Exposure Analyses  ::	Attachment 2.  Residue Distribution Files for Acute Analysis  ::	Attachment 3.  Acute Residue Input file  ::	Attachment 4.  Acute Results - Food and Drinking Water  ::	Attachment 5.  Acute Results - Food only  ::	Attachment 6.  CEC for Most Highly Exposed Population Subgroup (Children 1-2 years)  ::	Attachment 7.  Chronic Residue Input file  ::	Attachment 8.  Chronic Results File  ::	Attachment 9.  Screening Level Usage Analysis (SLUA) for Thiabendazole (060101)

 Attachment 1.  Data and Residue Estimates Used in the Dietary Exposure Analyses

Table 1.  Data and Residue Estimates Used in the Dietary Exposure Analyses. RAC Food Forms Blending Classifi- cation[1] Data Source[2] Number of Samples Detectable Residues Non-Detectable Residues %CT[3]                                   Processing                                   Factors[4]                   Anticipated Residue Estimates/Tolerance[5]                                     Factor                                for Metabolite[6]

                                    Number                                    [Percent]                                       Max                                      (ppm)                                     Average                                      (ppm)                                     Number                                      Max.                                     LOD/LOQ                                      (ppm)

                                     Acute                                     Chronic

Members of Root and Tuber Vegetables (Crop Group 1)[7] Carrot root PB or NB PDP 2007 2006 1488 6 [<1%] 0.004[8] 0.002567 1482 0.03 100 DEEM default RDF#5 PDP Average 0.0149 ppm[9] None.  Post harvest Use.

baby food PB or NB PDP 2012 792 0 -- -- 792 0.004

PDP Maximum/Average 0.002 ppm ((1/2)LOD)

juice PB or NB Translate PDP Carrot Root Data

RDF#5 PDP Average 0.0149 ppm[9]

Potato tuber PB or NB PDP 2009 2008 1488 114 [8%] 1.5 0.195919 1374 0.03

DEEM default RDF#7 PDP Average 0.0289 ppm[9] None.  Post harvest Use.

chips B Translate PDP Potato Tuber Data

1.0[10] PDP Average 0.0289 ppm[9]

granules/ flakes B

flour B

DEEM default

Sweet Potato tuber PB or NB PDP 2010 2009 2008 1476 8 [<1%] 0.014 0.006125 1468 0.01

DEEM default RDF#12 PDP Average 0.005 ppm[9] 1.4x

baby food PB or NB PDP 2011 2010 776 0 -- -- 776 0.003

PDP Maximum/Average 0.0015 ppm ((1/2)LOD)

Yam tuber NB Translate PDP Sweet Potato Tuber Data

RDF#12 PDP Average 0.0050 ppm[9]

Vegetables, root (except sugar beet), subgroup 1B root/tuber PB or NB Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A)

Tolerance 0.02 ppm None. Ginseng dried B

Members of Bulb Vegetable (Crop Group 3) Onion, bulb, subgroup 3-07A bulb NB Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A) 100 DEEM default Tolerance 0.02 ppm None.

dried B

Members of Leafy Vegetables (except Brassica Vegetables)  (Crop Group 4) Spinach vegetable PB or NB Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A) 100 DEEM default Tolerance 0.02 ppm None. Members of Brassica (Cole) Leafy Vegetables (Crop Group 5) Head and Stem, subgroup 5-A vegetable PB or NB Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A) 100 DEEM default Tolerance 0.02 ppm None. Members of Legume Vegetables (Crop Group 6) Soybean seed B Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A) max. 2.5 ave. 1  DEEM default Tolerance 0.1 ppm None.

milk

flour

oil

Dried beans  seed

100

Chickpea flour

Dried peas seed

FT 45428201 Not Applicable (N/A)

Threshold of Regulation (TOR) decision (PP#1E6323; D343139, D. Davis, 8/29/07).  No tolerance established under 180.2010.  Maximum residues in/on seed estimated at 0.01 ppm (LOQ); Used 0.005 ppm ((1/2)LOQ) None.  Estimate includes all residues of concern. Members of Cucurbit Vegetables (Crop Group 9)

Cantaloupe[11] fruit PB or NB PDP 2012 2011 2010 1482 5 [<1%] 0.12 0.0662 1477 0.01 100 DEEM default RDF#4 PDP Average 0.0052 ppm[9] 1.8x All Others

Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A)

Tolerance 0.02 ppm None. Pumpkin seed B

Citrus Fruits (Crop Group 10) Orange fruit PB or NB PDP 2010 2009 1488 874 [59%] 0.38 0.048372 614 0.01 100 DEEM default RDF#9 PDP Average 0.0305 ppm[9] None.  Post harvest Use. Citron, Citron hybrids, Tangerine, Kumquat, Lemon, Lime, Grapefruit, Pummelo

Translate PDP Orange Fruit Data

Orange Juice juice PB PDP 2012 2011 2010 1106 98 [9%] 0.051 0.015694 1008 0.03

1.0; using PDP juice data RDF#8 PDP Average 0.0151 ppm[9]

Tangerine, Lemon, Lime, Grapefruit

Translate PDP Orange Juice Data

Orange Lemon  peel PB Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A)

3.3[12] Tolerance 10.0 ppm

Citrus oil B Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A)

DEEM default Tolerance 15.0 ppm

Pome Fruits (Crop Group 11) Apple fruit PB or NB PDP 2010 2009 1488 1162[13] [78%] 7.4 0.350579 326 0.003 100 DEEM default RDF#2 PDP Average 0.2741 ppm[9] None.  Post harvest Use.

juice PB PDP 2012 2008 2007 610 183 [30%] 0.32 0.060123 427 0.003

1.0; using PDP juice data RDF#1 PDP Average 0.0191 ppm[9]

sauce PB PDP 2006 744 289 [39%] 1.2 0.094191 455 0.03

DEEM default RDF#17 PDP Average 0.0458 ppm[9]

sauce-baby food PB PDP 2012 396 0 -- -- 396 0.003

PDP Maximum/Average 0.0015 ppm ((1/2)LOD)

dried B Translate PDP Apple Fruit Data

DEEM Default 8.0 PDP Average 0.2741 ppm[9]

Pear, Crabapple, Goji berry, Loquat, Quince fruit PB or NB Translate PDP Apple Fruit Data Note:  Older PDP Pear Fruit data (2003-2005; 66% detectable residues and having average residue value (Ave. 0.36 ppm) similar to the average residue value in/on apple (Ave. 0.39 ppm) during same time period (2004-2005)) were not used and the newer PDP Pear Fruit data (2009 and 2010) did not include analysis for thiabendazole.

DEEM default RDF#2 PDP Average 0.2741 ppm[9]

Pear baby food PB PDP 2011 2010 776 177 [23%] 0.90 0.025698 599 0.001

RDF#10 PDP Average 0.0062 ppm[9]

juice PB Translate PDP Apple Juice Data

RDF#1 PDP Average 0.0191 ppm[9]

dried B Translate PDP Apple Fruit Data

DEEM default 6.25 PDP Average 0.2741ppm[9]

Members of Berries (Crop Group 13) Strawberry[11]

fruit PB PDP 2009 2008 981 11 [1%] 0.14 0.027773 970 0.03 100 DEEM default RDF#11 PDP Average 0.0151 ppm[9] 1.8x

juice

Translate PDP Strawberry Fruit Data

Members of Cereal Grains (Crop Group 15) Corn, field grain B Tolerance at LOQ (0.01 ppm) Not Applicable (N/A) 100 DEEM default; no longer includes 1.5 for syrup (DESAC 1/23/14) Tolerance (0.01 ppm) at LOQ; Used 0.005 ppm ((1/2)LOQ) None.

flour

germ

bran

starch

syrup

oil

Corn, pop grain

Corn, sweet grain PB or NB

Wheat  grain B Tolerance 48996703 Not Applicable (N/A) max. 2.5 ave. 1 DEEM default Recommended Lower Tolerance in/on Grain (from 1.0 to 0.05 ppm)[14]; Used 0.05 ppm.  Residues do not concentrate in processed commodities None.  Estimate includes all residues of concern.

flour

germ

bran

Triticale flour B Translate Wheat flour 100

Barley all food forms B Tolerance Not Applicable (N/A) 100 DEEM default Tolerance 0.05 ppm None. Oat

Rye

Members of Edible Fungi (Crop Group 21)

Mushrooms fungus PB PDP 2012 2011 930 494 [53%] 3.9 0.344241 436 0.003 100 DEEM default RDF#14 PDP Average 0.1836 ppm[9] 1.8x

Other Fruit and Vegetables Avocado[11] fruit NB PDP 2012 372 0 -- -- 372 0.003 100 DEEM default PDP Maximum/Average 0.0015 ppm ((1/2)LOD) 1.8x Banana fruit PB or NB PDP 2012 2007 2006 2045 1228 [60%] 0.74 0.036729 817 0.03 100 DEEM default RDF#3 PDP Average 0.0280 ppm[9] None.  Post harvest Use.

baby food PB or NB Translate PDP Banana Fruit Data

dried B Translate PDP Banana Fruit Data

DEEM Default 3.9 PDP Average 0.0280 ppm[9]

Mango fruit NB PDP 2010 372 58 1.5 0.472259 314 0.01 100 DEEM default RDF#13 PDP Average 0.0779 ppm[9]

baby food PB Translate PDP Mango Fruit Data

dried NB

juice PB

Papaya fruit PB or NB PDP 2012 2011 749 26 [3%] 0.505 0.242115 723 0.15 100 DEEM default RDF#15 PDP Average 0.0808 ppm[9]

baby food PB Translate PDP Papaya Fruit Data

RDF#15 PDP Average 0.0808[9]

dried B

DEEM default 1.8 PDP Average 0.0808 ppm[9]

juice PB

DEEM default 1.5 RDF#15 PDP Average 0.0808 ppm[9]

Plantain fruit PB or NB Translate PDP Banana Fruit Data 100 DEEM default RDF#3 PDP Average 0.0280 ppm[9]

dried B

DEEM default 3.9 PDP Average 0.0280 ppm[9]

Meat and Milk Fat, except beef (including pork skin) Feeding Study (MRID 40271707) and supported by metabolism data. These estimates which are based on exposure to thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs will also cover anticipated residues of thiabendazole in these tissues from the use of thiabendazole as an animal drug regulated by FDA. DEEM default Maximum Residues 0.005 ppm None.  Estimate includes all residues of concern. Kidney and meat byproducts

Maximum Residues 0.2 ppm

Liver

Maximum Residues 0.07 ppm

Meat, except beef

Maximum Residues 0.001 ppm

Milk PDP and FT and supported by metabolism data. There are extensive PDP data available for milk (2004-2005) which found no detectable residues of thiabendazole (<0.001 ppm) in 1485 samples and for heavy cream (2007) which found no detectable residues of thiabendazole (<0.008 ppm) or 5-hydroxythiabendazole (<0.025 ppm) in 742 samples.  [Note:  Heavy cream samples from 2005 and all milk samples were not analyzed for residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole.]  Milk samples were not analyzed of residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole; however, based on the cattle feeding study (MRID 40271707), residues of 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) could be estimated at an order of magnitude greater that parent.  Hence, the estimated combined residues of parent and 5-hydroxythiabendazole (free and conjugated) in milk would be  < 0.01 ppm.  Based on available metabolism data, residues of benzimidazole are not expected in milk.

Maximum Residues 0.01 ppm

Beef, fat FDA Tolerance under 21 CFR 556.730 as prescribed under 21 CFR 558.615. These estimates which are based on exposure to thiabendazole used as an animal drug regulated by FDA will also cover anticipated residues of thiabendazole in these tissues from exposure to thiabendazole-treated feedstuffs.

Tolerance (0.1 ppm) at LOQ; Used 0.05 ppm ((1/2)LOQ).

Beef, meat

Beef dried

DEEM Default 1.92

1.	Blending Classification:  blended (B), partially blended (PB), not blended (NB). 2.	Data Source:  USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) with years included, field trial data (FT) with MRID included, tolerance (Tol). 3.	Percent Crop Treated (%CT or PCT) based on Screening Level Estimates of Agricultural Uses (SLUA) for Thiabendazole (060101) dated 2/22/13 for reporting timeframe 2004-2011.  Only available for seed treatment uses on potatoes, soybeans, and wheat.  Note:  The %CT for seed treatment use on potato is not useful since there is also a post harvest (PH) use on potato which is the basis for the tolerance in/on potato. 4.	Unless otherwise noted used DEEM default processing factors.  5.	RDF = Residue Distribution File.  See Attachment 2 for details.  Except where noted, non-detectable residues were assigned a value equal to (1/2) the method limit of detection (LOD) for USDA PDP data or (1/2) the method limit of quantitation (LOQ) for field trial data. 6.	Because USDA PDP monitoring data did not include benzimidazole (free and conjugated), an additional factor, based on available metabolism data reflecting foliar use, was applied to sweet potato/yam, avocado, cantaloupe, strawberry and  mushrooms to account for this residue.  Based on re-evaluation of the available foliar metabolism data, the reviewer has determined that total thiabendazole residues of concern in soybean (foliage, immature plant, straw and seed), sugar beet roots, sugar beet tops and wheat (foliage, forage, straw and grain) may be estimated by multiplying the thiabendazole residue level by 1.5x, 1.4x, 1.8x and 1.8x, respectively.  The factor applied to sweet potato/yam (seed piece uses) was based on sugar beet root metabolism data (1.4x) and the factor applied to avocado, cantaloupe, strawberry and mushrooms was based on the maximum factor identified in any of the metabolism studies (1.8x).  [Note:  There are no U.S. registered uses on avocado, cantaloupe, and strawberry.  While the tolerances in/on these commodities would suggest post harvest uses, the USDA PDP data found very low levels of detects and frequency of detects.]  Post harvest treatments are expected to result in the highest potential residues of thiabendazole per se in/on plant commodities and potential residues of benzimidazole (free and conjugated) are unlikely to contribute significantly to the total thiabendazole residues of concern in these cases.  Hence, an additional factor was not needed for post harvest uses.  An additional factor was not needed for tolerances which include all residues of concern. 7.	Tolerances in/on sugar beet commodities expired 10/25/10 and there are no currently registered uses of thiabendazole on sugar beets (email dated 1/7/14 from R. Jones (PRD) to J. Kidwell (HED)). 8.	Note that maximum detect residue level (0.004 ppm) is lower than maximum LOD (0.03 ppm). 9.	Average USDA PDP Residue Calculations: 		Apple Fruit.  ((1162 x 0.350579 ppm) + (326 x 0.0015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1488 = 0.2741 ppm 		Apple Juice.  ((183 x 0.060123 ppm) + (427 x 0.0015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 610 = 0.0191 ppm 		Apple Sauce.  ((289 x 0.094191 ppm) + (455 x 0.015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 744 = 0.0458 ppm 		Banana Fruit.  ((1228 x 0.036729 ppm) + (817 x 0.015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 2045 = 0.0280 ppm 		Cantaloupe Fruit.	  ((5 x 0.0662 ppm) + (1477 x 0.005 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1482 = 0.0052 ppm 		Carrot Root.  ((6 x 0.002567 ppm) + (1482 x 0.015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1488 = 0.0149 ppm 		Mango Fruit.  ((58 x 0.472259 ppm) + (314 x 0.005 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 372 = 0.0779 ppm 		Mushrooms Fruit.  ((494 x 0.344241 ppm) + (436 x 0.0015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 930 = 0.1836 ppm 		Orange Fruit.  ((874 x 0.048372 ppm) + (614 x 0.005 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1488 = 0.0305 ppm 		Orange Juice.  ((98 x 0.015694 ppm) + (1008 x 0.015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1106 = 0.0151 ppm 		Papaya Fruit.  ((26 x 0.242115 ppm) + (723 x 0.075 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 749 = 0.0808 ppm 		Pear Baby Food.  ((177 x 0.025698 ppm) + (599 x 0.0005 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 776 = 0.0062 ppm 		Potato Tuber.  ((114 x 0.195919 ppm) + (1374 x 0.015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1488 = 0.0289 ppm 		Strawberry Fruit.  ((11 x 0.027773 ppm) + (970 x 0.015 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 981 = 0.0151 ppm 		Sweet Potato Tuber.  ((8 x 0.006125 ppm) + (1468 x 0.005 ppm ((1/2)LOD))) / 1476 = 0.0050 ppm 10	Post Harvest use on potato.  Residues of thiabendazole did not concentrate in potato flakes, chips and wet peel (MRID 42660302; D189323, 8/3/93, J. Abbotts and MRID 43531002; D214188, 1/12/99, S. Mason). 11.	Not registered for use in the U.S.  USDA PDP data were used to estimate residues in/on these commodities.  Did not exclude domestic samples from the analyses since domestic samples may also be consumed and did not estimate residue in/on domestic samples at nil.  All domestic and non-domestic samples with non-detectable residues were handled in the same manner. 12.	Post harvest use on citrus suggests that most of the residues are in/on the peel; hence, the maximum theoretical concentration factor for citrus peel (3.3x) was applied to the tolerance. 13.	Three tolerance-exceeding residues:  (1) 7.4 ppm Chile 2010, (2) 5.9 ppm and 5.7 ppm Washington State 2009 14.	The revised Residue Chemistry Chapter to the RED (D267871, 9/7/00, T. Morton) recommended lowering tolerance in/on wheat to 0.2 ppm.  Residues of concern were <0.15 ppm in/on wheat grain from 1x seed treatment study (D207850, 1/8/99, S. Mason) conducted at 3.6 oz ai/100 lb seed.  Residues of concern were <0.1 ppm in grain, dust, bran, middlings, shorts, red dog, low grade flour and patent flower from study conducted at an exaggerated rate and used to determine residues in processed commodities.  New wheat field trial and processing data (MRID 48996703) have been submitted (Petition 3F8166; D410807/D410833/D313507, S. Hummel, 2/25/14).  In wheat grown from seed treated with thiabendazole at 0.08-0.14 lb ai/A (90-157 g ai/ha), residues of thiabendazole and benzimidazole were each below the LOQ (<0.01 ppm) in/on wheat grain; combined residues were <0.02 ppm in/on all samples of wheat grain.  Residues did not concentration in wheat grain processed commodities (bran, flour, middlings, shorts, and germ).  HED has recommended that the current tolerance in/on wheat grain be lowered from 1.0 ppm (established for foliar uses that no longer exist) to 0.05 ppm.

Attachment 2.  Residue Distribution Files for the Acute Analyses

RDF#17 Apple Sauce PDP 2006 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=455 LODRES=0.015 RDF#1 Apple Juice PDP 2007 2008 2012 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=427 LODRES=0.0015 1.2 0.73 0.68 0.61 0.59 0.58 0.54 0.52 0.5 0.46 0.46 0.45 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.3 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18

0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.099 0.097 0.089 0.088 0.088 0.087 0.084 0.083 0.078 0.075 0.074 0.073 0.073 0.069 0.064 0.06 0.06 0.059 0.052 0.052 0.05 0.05 0.05

0.05 0.05 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.047 0.046 0.045 0.044 0.044 0.043 0.042 0.041 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.037 0.036 0.035 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.029 0.027 0.026 0.024 0.024 0.023 0.021 0.021 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.01

0.01 0.01 0.0097 0.0096 0.0095 0.0091 0.009 0.0083 0.0081 0.0081 0.008 0.0079 0.0074 0.0073 0.0071 0.0069 0.0068 0.0067 0.0067 0.0065 0.0063 0.0063 0.0058 0.0055 0.0055 0.0054 0.0052 0.005 0.0049 0.0048 0.0046 0.0046 0.0045 0.0042 0.0042 0.0036 0.0036 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0034 0.0033 0.0033 0.0031 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.0029 0.0027 0.0025 0.0023 0.0022 0.002 0.002

0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.0019 0.0015 0.0015 0.0014 0.0012 0.001 0.001 0.0009 0.0009 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0007 0.0007 0.0007 0.0006 0.0006 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002

0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002

0.46 0.32 0.32 0.3 0.3 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.1 0.094 0.093 0.089 0.087 0.086 0.081 0.08 0.078 0.076 0.074 0.074 0.072 0.071 0.071 0.07 0.067 0.06

0.06 0.055 0.054 0.053 0.051 0.049 0.044 0.043 0.038 0.038 0.037 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.03 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.023 0.021 0.021 0.02 0.02 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.014

0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.011 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0099 0.009 0.009 0.0089 0.0086 0.0086 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.0072 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.0067 0.0062 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.0058 0.0056 0.0056 0.0054 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.0044 0.0043 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.0037 0.0036 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002

0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002

RDF #14; Mushrooms; PDP 2011 and 2012 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=436 LODRES=0.0015 3.9 2.1 2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 1 1 1 1 0.99 0.97 0.96 0.93 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.9 0.9 0.88 0.88 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.79

0.77 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.7 0.7 0.69 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.62 0.61 0.6 0.6 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.52

0.52 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.5 0.5 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37

0.37 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.297 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27

0.27 0.27 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19

0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12

0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.099 0.096 0.091 0.09 0.09 0.089 0.088 0.086 0.086 0.084 0.083 0.083 0.082 0.082 0.081 0.081 0.077 0.076 0.076 0.076 0.076 0.074 0.074 0.074 0.072 0.071 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.066 0.065 0.065 0.064 0.064 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.061 0.061 0.06

0.059 0.059 0.059 0.058 0.058 0.057 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.055 0.055 0.053 0.053 0.051 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.049 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.047 0.046 0.046 0.044 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.041 0.041 0.04 0.04 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.029 0.029 0.029

0.028 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.019 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.01 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003

RDF#9; Oranges, PDP 2009 and 2010 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=614 LODRES=0.005 0.38 0.36 0.31 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.159 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.149 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.126 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.098 0.097 0.097 0.097 0.097 0.097 0.097 0.096 0.096 0.095 0.095 0.095 0.094 0.094 0.093 0.093 0.092 0.091 0.091 0.091 0.09 0.09 0.089 0.089 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.087 0.083 0.083 0.083 0.081 0.081 0.081 0.08 0.08 0.079 0.079 0.079 0.079 0.078 0.078 0.078 0.078 0.078 0.077 0.077 0.077 0.077 0.077 0.076 0.076 0.076 0.076 0.076 0.075 0.075 0.074 0.073 0.073 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.071 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.069 0.069 0.069 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.066 0.066 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.064 0.064 0.064 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.058 0.058 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.055 0.055 0.054 0.054 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.052 0.052 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027

0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018

Continued on next page RDF#9; Oranges; PDP  Continued from previous page TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=614 LODRES=0.005 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

RDF#2; Apples; PDP2009 and 2010 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=326 LODRES=0.0015 7.4 5.9 5.7 4.6 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.4 3.3 3.124 3.1 3.1 3 3 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.23 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2 2 2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.884 1.82 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.48 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.13 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

1.1 1.1 1.1 1 1 1 1 1 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.95 0.946 0.94 0.94 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.89 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.791 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.78 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.764

0.76 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.72 0.72 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.7 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.66 0.66 0.651 0.65 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.63 0.62 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55

0.55 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.5 0.5 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.48 0.471 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.47 0.46 0.456 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.438 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43

0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.33

0.33 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.317 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.303 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.268 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

0.25 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.238 0.232 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.178 0.17 0.17 0.17

0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

0.11 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.098 0.098 0.097 0.096 0.096 0.095 0.095 0.094 0.094 0.093 0.093 0.092 0.091 0.0908 0.09 0.089 0.088 0.087 0.082 0.081 0.081 0.08 0.0794 0.074 0.074 0.073 0.072 0.071 0.067 0.066 0.066 0.065 0.062 0.06 0.059 0.058 0.057 0.056 0.054 0.054 0.053 0.052 0.051 0.049 0.049 0.048 0.048 0.0477 0.047 0.044 0.044 0.043 0.042

0.04 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.037 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.03 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.023 0.023

Continued on next page RDF#2; Apples; PDP - Continued from previous page TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=326 LODRES=0.0015 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.0219 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.02 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.0138 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012

0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.0115 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0099 0.0097 0.0097 0.0095 0.0095 0.0094 0.0094 0.0093 0.0093 0.0092 0.0092 0.0091 0.0088 0.0086 0.0086 0.0086 0.0085 0.0085 0.0085 0.0084 0.0082 0.0082 0.0081 0.008 0.0079 0.0079 0.0079 0.0079 0.0079 0.0077 0.0077 0.0076 0.0076 0.0076 0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 0.0074 0.0074 0.0074 0.0074 0.0072 0.0072 0.007 0.007 0.0069 0.0069 0.0068 0.0068 0.0066 0.0066 0.0066 0.0066 0.0066 0.0065 0.0065 0.0065 0.0064 0.0064 0.0064 0.0063 0.0061 0.0061 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.0059 0.0059 0.0059 0.0058 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057 0.0056 0.0056 0.0055 0.0055 0.0054 0.0054 0.0054 0.0054 0.0054 0.0054 0.0053 0.0052 0.0052 0.0052 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.0049 0.0049 0.0049 0.0049 0.0049 0.0048 0.0048 0.0048 0.0048 0.0048 0.0048 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0047 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0045 0.0045 0.0045 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0042 0.0042 0.0042 0.0041 0.0041 0.0041 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.0039 0.0039 0.0038 0.0038 0.0038 0.0038 0.0037 0.0037 0.0037 0.0037 0.0036 0.0036 0.0035 0.0035 0.0034 0.0034 0.0034 0.0033 0.0033 0.0033 0.0033 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017

0.0017 0.0017 0.0017

RDF#8; Orange Juice; PDP 2010, 2011 and 2012 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=1008 LODRES=0.015 RDF#10; Pears Baby Food; PDP 2010 and 2011 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=599 LODRES=0.0005 RDF#13; Mango; PDP 2010 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=314 LODRES=0.005 RDF#15; Papaya; PDP 2011 and 2012 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=723 LODRES=0.075 0.051 0.044 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.034 0.031 0.031 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003

0.9 0.31 0.26 0.19 0.11 0.11 0.093 0.088 0.087 0.086 0.085 0.078 0.067 0.065 0.063 0.06 0.055 0.054 0.052 0.051 0.05 0.046 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.04 0.04 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.035 0.033 0.032 0.031 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.022 0.022 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.0097 0.0095 0.0084 0.0084 0.0079 0.0079 0.0075 0.0073 0.0071 0.0069 0.0066 0.0063 0.0063 0.0059 0.0055 0.0054 0.005 0.005 0.0044 0.0042 0.0041 0.0039 0.0039 0.0038 0.0032 0.0031 0.0031 0.0031 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.92 0.82 0.79 0.78 0.76 0.76 0.75 0.74 0.65 0.65 0.61 0.59 0.54 0.49 0.47 0.45 0.43 0.41 0.4 0.4 0.37 0.35 0.34 0.31 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.22 0.21 0.2 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.16 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.082 0.078 0.074 0.07 0.043 0.024

0.505 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.38 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.28 0.2 0.2 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15

RDF#3; Banana, PDP 2006, 2007 and 2012 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=817 LODRES=0.015 0.74 0.36 0.23 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.099 0.099 0.099 0.099 0.099 0.098 0.098

0.097 0.097 0.096 0.096 0.096 0.096 0.095 0.095 0.095 0.095 0.094 0.094 0.093 0.093 0.092 0.092 0.092 0.091 0.091 0.091 0.091 0.09 0.09 0.089 0.089 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.087 0.087 0.087 0.087 0.085 0.085 0.085 0.085 0.084 0.084 0.083 0.083 0.083 0.083 0.082 0.082 0.082 0.082 0.081 0.081 0.08 0.079 0.078 0.078 0.078 0.077 0.077 0.077 0.077 0.077

0.076 0.076 0.075 0.075 0.075 0.075 0.074 0.074 0.074 0.073 0.073 0.073 0.073 0.073 0.073 0.073 0.072 0.072 0.072 0.071 0.071 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.069 0.069 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.068 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.066 0.066 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.065 0.064 0.064 0.064 0.064 0.064 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.062

0.062 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.059 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.057 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056

0.056 0.056 0.056 0.056 0.055 0.055 0.055 0.055 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.054 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.052 0.052 0.052 0.052 0.052 0.052 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.051 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

0.05 0.05 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.049 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.048 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.047 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.046 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.044

0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.042 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04

0.04 0.04 0.04 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.036 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035

0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.032

0.032 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.029                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.028                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.027                                                                           0.026                                                                                Continued                                                                    on next page RDF#3; Banana; PDP - Continued from previous page TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=817 LODRES=0.015 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024

0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022

0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019

0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017

0.017 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014

0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012

0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011

0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.0099 0.0098 0.0097 0.0097 0.0097 0.0096 0.0095 0.0095 0.0094 0.0093 0.0093 0.0093 0.009 0.009 0.0089 0.0086 0.0085 0.0085 0.0085 0.0083 0.0083 0.0083 0.0081 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.0078 0.0078 0.0077 0.0076 0.0076 0.0076 0.0075 0.0074 0.0074 0.0074 0.0074 0.0074 0.0073 0.0073 0.0072

0.0072 0.0071 0.0071 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.0069 0.0069 0.0068 0.0067 0.0067 0.0067 0.0067 0.0067 0.0066 0.0064 0.0064 0.0064 0.0063 0.0062 0.0062 0.0062 0.0062 0.0061 0.0061 0.006 0.0059 0.0059 0.0059 0.0059 0.0058 0.0058 0.0056 0.0055 0.0054 0.0053 0.0052 0.0052 0.0051 0.0051 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.0048 0.0047 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0045 0.0044 0.0044 0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 0.0041 0.004 0.004 0.004

0.0039 0.0039 0.0039 0.0039 0.0038 0.0037 0.0037 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0034 0.0034 0.0033 0.0032 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002

0.002 0.002

RDF#4; Cantaloupe; PDP 2010, 2011 and 2012 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=1477 LODRES=0.005 RDF#5; Carrot; PDP 2006 and 2007 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=1482 LODRES=0.015 RDF#7; Potato; PDP 2008 and 2009 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=1374 LODRES=0.015 0.12 0.12 0.06 0.018 0.013

0.004 0.0034 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002

1.5 1.2 1 1 0.98 0.89 0.84 0.84 0.78 0.72 0.72 0.65 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.62 0.56 0.41 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.33 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.267 0.266 0.26 0.236 0.234 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.1 0.066 0.062 0.061 0.0501 0.0501 0.0501 0.0501

0.0501 0.0501 0.0501 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.041 0.039 0.03 0.028 0.022 0.021 0.016 0.015 0.013 0.01 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.007 0.007 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.0049 0.0044 0.0042 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.0036 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003

0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002

RDF#11; Strawberry; PDP 2008 and 2009 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=970 LODRES=0.015 RDF#12: Sweet Potato, PDP 2008, 2009 and 2010 TotalZ=0 TotalLOD=1468 LODRES=0.005

0.14 0.047 0.037 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.009 0.007 0.005 0.0035 0.002

0.014 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

   Attachment 3.  Acute Residue Input file    Filename: 060101ACUTEThiabendazole 3 7 14.R08  Chemical: Thiabendazole  RfD(Chronic): .033 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Chronic): 10 mg/kg bw/day  RfD(Acute): .05 mg/kg bw/day  NOEL(Acute):  50 mg/kg bw/day  Date created/last modified: 03-07-2014/12:26:09       Program ver. 3.16, 03-08-d  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------  RDL indices and parameters for Monte Carlo Analysis:  Index Dist Parameter #1        Param #2  Param #3  Comment    #   Code   ----- ---- ------------        --------  --------  -------    1    6   Apple Juice.rdf    2    6   Apples.rdf    3    6   Banana.rdf    4    6   Cantaloupe.rdf    5    6   Carrot.rdf    6    6   Frozen Potato.rdf    7    6   Potato.rdf    8    6   Orange Juice.rdf    9    6   Oranges.rdf    10   6   Pears Baby Food.rdf    11   6   Strawberry.rdf    12   6   Sweet Potato.rdf    13   6   Mango.rdf    14   6   Mushrooms.rdf    15   6   Papaya.rdf    16   6   Wheat flour.rdf    17   6   Apple Sauce.rdf       EPA     Crop Commodity Name                    Def Res     Adj.Factors  RDLComment     Code     Grp                                    (ppm)       #1     #2   Pntr  ---------- ---- -------------------------------  ----------  ------ ------ ---  ------- <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Beet, garden, roots                0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Beet, garden, roots-babyfood       0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Burdock                            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Carrot                            10.000000   1.000  1.000   5   <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Carrot-babyfood                    0.002000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Carrot, juice                     10.000000   1.000  1.000   5   <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Celeriac                           0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Chicory, roots                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Ginseng, dried                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Horseradish                        0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Parsley, turnip rooted             0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Parsnip                            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Parsnip-babyfood                   0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Radish, roots                      0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Radish, Oriental, roots            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Rutabaga                           0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Salsify, roots                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1AB  Turnip, roots                      0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, chips                      0.028900   1.000  1.000      Residues Do Not Conc. <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)     0.028900   1.000  1.000      Residues Do Not Conc. <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)-b   0.028900   1.000  1.000      Residues Do Not Conc. <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, flour                      0.028900   1.000  1.000      Residues Do Not Conc. <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, flour-babyfood             0.028900   1.000  1.000      Residues Do Not Conc. <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, tuber, w/peel             10.000000   1.000  1.000   7   <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, tuber, w/peel-babyfood    10.000000   1.000  1.000   7   <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, tuber, w/o peel           10.000000   1.000  1.000   7   <PHONE_NUMBER> 1C   Potato, tuber, w/o peel-babyfood  10.000000   1.000  1.000   7   <PHONE_NUMBER> 1CD  Sweet potato                       0.050000   1.400  1.000  12  1.4x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 1CD  Sweet potato-babyfood              0.001500   1.400  1.000      1.4x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 1CD  Yam, true                          0.050000   1.400  1.000  12  1.4x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Garlic, bulb                       0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Garlic, bulb-babyfood              0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Onion, bulb                        0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Onion, bulb-babyfood               0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Onion, bulb, dried                 0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Onion, bulb, dried-babyfood        0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 3A   Shallot, bulb                      0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 4A   Spinach                            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 4A   Spinach-babyfood                   0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Broccoli                           0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Broccoli-babyfood                  0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Broccoli, Chinese                  0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Brussels sprouts                   0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Cabbage                            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Cabbage, Chinese, napa             0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Cabbage, Chinese, mustard          0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Cauliflower                        0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 5A   Kohlrabi                           0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6    Soybean, seed                      0.100000   1.000  0.025      Tol and blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 6    Soybean, soy milk                  0.100000   1.000  0.025      Tol and blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 6    Soybean, soy milk-babyfood or in   0.100000   1.000  0.025      Tol and blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 6    Soybean, oil                       0.100000   1.000  0.025      Tol and blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 6    Soybean, oil-babyfood              0.100000   1.000  0.025      Tol and blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, black, seed                  0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, broad, seed                  0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, cowpea, seed                 0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean,  great northern, seed        0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, kidney, seed                 0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, lima, seed                   0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, mung, seed                   0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, navy, seed                   0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, pink, seed                   0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Bean, pinto, seed                  0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Chickpea, seed                     0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Chickpea, seed-babyfood            0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Chickpea, flour                    0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Guar, seed                         0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Guar, seed-babyfood                0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Lentil, seed                       0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Pea, dry                           0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Pea, dry-babyfood                  0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Pea, pigeon, seed                  0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Soybean, flour                     0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 6C   Soybean, flour-babyfood            0.100000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9A   Cantaloupe                        15.000000   1.800  1.000   4  1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 9A   Honeydew melon                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9A   Watermelon                         0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9A   Watermelon, juice                  0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Balsam pear                        0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Chayote, fruit                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Chinese waxgourd                   0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Cucumber                           0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Pumpkin                            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Pumpkin, seed                      0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Squash, summer                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Squash, summer-babyfood            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Squash, winter                     0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 9B   Squash, winter-babyfood            0.020000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Citron                            10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Citrus hybrids                    10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Citrus, oil                       15.000000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Orange                            10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Orange, juice                     10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Orange, juice-babyfood            10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Orange, peel                      10.000000   3.300  1.000      Conc. for peel <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Tangerine                         10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10A  Tangerine, juice                  10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Kumquat                           10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lemon                             10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lemon, juice                      10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lemon, juice-babyfood             10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lemon, peel                       10.000000   3.300  1.000      Conc. for peel <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lime                              10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lime, juice                       10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10B  Lime, juice-babyfood              10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10C  Grapefruit                        10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10C  Grapefruit, juice                 10.000000   1.000  1.000   8   <PHONE_NUMBER> 10C  Pummelo                           10.000000   1.000  1.000   9   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, fruit with peel             5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, peeled fruit                5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, peeled fruit-babyfood       5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, dried                       0.274100   8.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, dried-babyfood              0.274100   8.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, juice                       5.000000   1.000  1.000   1   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, juice-babyfood              5.000000   1.000  1.000   1   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, sauce                       5.000000   1.000  1.000  17   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Apple, sauce-babyfood              0.001500   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Crabapple                          5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Goji berry                         5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Loquat                             5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Pear                               5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Pear-babyfood                      5.000000   1.000  1.000  10   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Pear, dried                        0.274100   6.250  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Pear, juice                        5.000000   1.000  1.000   1   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Pear, juice-babyfood               5.000000   1.000  1.000   1   <PHONE_NUMBER> 11   Quince                             5.000000   1.000  1.000   2   <PHONE_NUMBER> 13G  Strawberry                         5.000000   1.800  1.000  11  1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 13G  Strawberry-babyfood                5.000000   1.800  1.000  11  1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 13G  Strawberry, juice                  5.000000   1.800  1.000  11  1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 13G  Strawberry, juice-babyfood         5.000000   1.800  1.000  11  1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Barley, pearled barley             0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Barley, pearled barley-babyfood    0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Barley, flour                      0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Barley, flour-babyfood             0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Barley, bran                       0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, flour                 0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, flour-babyfood        0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, meal                  0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, meal-babyfood         0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, bran                  0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, starch                0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, starch-babyfood       0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, syrup                 0.005000   1.000  1.000      DESAC decision <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, syrup-babyfood        0.005000   1.000  1.000      DESAC decision <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, oil                   0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, field, oil-babyfood          0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, pop                          0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, sweet                        0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Corn, sweet-babyfood               0.005000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Oat, bran                          0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Oat, flour                         0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Oat, flour-babyfood                0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Oat, groats/rolled oats            0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Oat, groats/rolled oats-babyfood   0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Rye, grain                         0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Rye, flour                         0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Triticale, flour                   0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Triticale, flour-babyfood          0.050000   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Wheat, grain                       0.050000   1.000  0.025      max res/blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Wheat, grain-babyfood              0.050000   1.000  0.025      max res/blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Wheat, flour                       0.050000   1.000  0.025      max res/blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Wheat, flour-babyfood              0.050000   1.000  0.025      max res/blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Wheat, germ                        0.050000   1.000  0.025      max res/blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 15   Wheat, bran                        0.050000   1.000  0.025      max res/blended commodity <PHONE_NUMBER> 21   Mushroom                          40.000000   1.800  1.000  14  1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, meat                         0.050000   1.000  1.000      FDA tol <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, meat-babyfood                0.050000   1.000  1.000      FDA tol <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, meat, dried                  0.050000   1.920  1.000      FDA tol <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, meat byproducts              0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, fat                          0.050000   1.000  1.000      FDA tol <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, fat-babyfood                 0.050000   1.000  1.000      FDA tol <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, kidney                       0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, liver                        0.070000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 31   Beef, liver-babyfood               0.070000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 32   Goat, meat                         0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 32   Goat, meat byproducts              0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 32   Goat, fat                          0.005000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 32   Goat, kidney                       0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 32   Goat, liver                        0.070000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 33   Horse, meat                        0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, meat                         0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, meat-babyfood                0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, skin                         0.005000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, meat byproducts              0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, meat byproducts-babyfood     0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, fat                          0.005000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, fat-babyfood                 0.005000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, kidney                       0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 34   Pork, liver                        0.070000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, meat                        0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, meat-babyfood               0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, meat byproducts             0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, fat                         0.005000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, fat-babyfood                0.005000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, kidney                      0.200000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 35   Sheep, liver                       0.070000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, fat                          0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, fat-baby food/infant formu   0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, nonfat solids                0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, nonfat solids-baby food/in   0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, water                        0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, water-babyfood/infant form   0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 36   Milk, sugar (lactose)-baby food/   0.010000   1.000  1.000      PDP/max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 38   Meat, game                         0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 39   Rabbit, meat                       0.001000   1.000  1.000      max res <PHONE_NUMBER> 86A  Water, direct, all sources         0.003800   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> 86B  Water, indirect, all sources       0.003800   1.000  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Avocado                            0.001500   1.800  1.000      1.8x for benzimidazole <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Banana                             3.000000   1.000  1.000   3   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Banana-babyfood                    3.000000   1.000  1.000   3   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Banana, dried                      0.028000   3.900  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Banana, dried-babyfood             0.028000   3.900  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Mango                             10.000000   1.000  1.000  13   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Mango-babyfood                    10.000000   1.000  1.000  13   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Mango, dried                      10.000000   1.000  1.000  13   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Mango, juice                      10.000000   1.000  1.000  13   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Mango, juice-babyfood             10.000000   1.000  1.000  13   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Papaya                             5.000000   1.000  1.000  15   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Papaya-babyfood                    5.000000   1.000  1.000  15   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Papaya, dried                      0.080800   1.800  1.000       <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Papaya, juice                      5.000000   1.500  1.000  15   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Plantain                           3.000000   1.000  1.000   3   <PHONE_NUMBER> O    Plantain, dried                    0.028000   3.900  1.000

Attachment 4.  Acute Results file - Food and Drinking Water

U.S. EPA                                                    Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for THIABENDAZOLE               NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day Residue file: 060101ACUTEThiabendazole 3 7 14.R08     Adjustment factor #2 used. Analysis Date: 03-07-2014/12:42:53    Residue file dated: 03-07-2014/12:26:09 NOEL (Acute) =  50.000000 mg/kg body-wt/day RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 1024; RNG = MS VB Run Comment: "" ===============================================================================

Summary calculations--per capita:

---   95th Percentile----   ---   99th Percentile----     ---99.9th Percentile----  Exposure  % aRfD     MOE    Exposure  % aRfD     MOE    Exposure  % aRfD     MOE   ---------- ------- -------- ---------- ------- -------- ---------- ------- -------- Total US Population:   0.001294    2.59   38626    0.003914    7.83   12773    0.012953   25.91    3860   All Infants:   0.002214    4.43   22585    0.006619   13.24    7554    0.021098   42.20    2369   Children 1-2:   0.004926    9.85   10150    0.013111   26.22    3813    0.034322   68.64    1456   Children 3-5:   0.003511    7.02   14241    0.010199   20.40    4902    0.028211   56.42    1772   Children 6-12:   0.001839    3.68   27187    0.006027   12.05    8296    0.017865   35.73    2798   Youth 13-19:   0.000866    1.73   57708    0.003082    6.16   16222    0.009042   18.08    5530   Adults 20-49:   0.000825    1.65   60631    0.002575    5.15   19418    0.007528   15.06    6641   Adults 50-99:   0.000896    1.79   55792    0.002775    5.55   18016    0.007786   15.57    6421   Female 13-49:   0.000805    1.61   62083    0.002638    5.28   18952    0.007789   15.58    6419

Attachment 5.  Acute Results file - Food Only

U.S. EPA                                                    Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for THIABENDAZOLE               NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day Residue file: 060101ACUTEThiabendazole FOOD ONLY 3 7 14.R08   Adjustment factor #2 used. Analysis Date: 03-07-2014/12:54:14    Residue file dated: 03-07-2014/12:27:50 NOEL (Acute) =  50.000000 mg/kg body-wt/day RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 1024; RNG = MS VB Run Comment: "" ===============================================================================

Summary calculations--per capita:

---   95th Percentile----   ---   99th Percentile----     ---99.9th Percentile----  Exposure  % aRfD     MOE    Exposure  % aRfD     MOE    Exposure  % aRfD     MOE   ---------- ------- -------- ---------- ------- -------- ---------- ------- -------- Total US Population:   0.001186    2.37   42143    0.003811    7.62   13118    0.012887   25.77    3879   All Infants:   0.002001    4.00   24981    0.006324   12.65    7906    0.020320   40.64    2460   Children 1-2:   0.004785    9.57   10449    0.013011   26.02    3842    0.034871   69.74    1433   Children 3-5:   0.003431    6.86   14572    0.010007   20.01    4996    0.027754   55.51    1801   Children 6-12:   0.001753    3.51   28528    0.005944   11.89    8411    0.017764   35.53    2814   Youth 13-19:   0.000785    1.57   63656    0.002997    5.99   16680    0.008911   17.82    5611   Adults 20-49:   0.000706    1.41   70803    0.002457    4.91   20352    0.007495   14.99    6670   Adults 50-99:   0.000804    1.61   62190    0.002679    5.36   18663    0.007787   15.57    6421   Female 13-49:   0.000689    1.38   72590    0.002514    5.03   19888    0.007705   15.41    6489

 Attachment 6.  CEC for Most Highly Exposed Population Subgroup (Children 1-2 years) file   U.S. EPA DEEM-FCID Acute Critical Exposure Contribution Analysis (Ver. 3.16, 03-08-d) NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day Residue file = 060101ACUTEThiabendazole 3 7 14.R08 Acute report = acute 3 7 14.AC8 Date and time of analysis: 03-07-2014 12:35:30 Daily totals for food and foodform consumption used. Adjustment factor #2 used. Minimum exposure contribution = 5% MC Iterations = 1000  Seed = 1024  RNG = MS VB Exposures divided by body weight

Subpopulation:Children 1-2 Low percentile for CEC records: 99     Exposure (mg/day) =    0.013111 High percentile for CEC records: 99.9  Exposure (mg/day) =    0.034322 Number of actual records in this interval: 2594

Critical foods with foodforms for this population (as derived from these records):   N=number of appearances in all records (including duplicates)   %=percent of total exposure for all records (including duplicates)