Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Data Requirement: : EPA DP Barcode D288775 EPA MRID 458677 01 EPA Guideline 70 1( Special Study)

Test material: Purity: n o t reported Common name Atrazine chemical name: IUPAC CAS name 6 chloro N ethyl N'( 1 methylethyl) 1,3,5 triazine 2,4 diamine CAS No. 1912 24 9 synonyms EPA PC Code: 80803 Primary Reviewer: Thomas M. Steeger, Ph. D., Senior Biologist Date: April 9, 2003 Environmental Fate and Effects Division, ERB 4, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Secondary Reviewer( s): Joseph E. Tietge, M. S., Research Aquatic Biologist Date: Mid Continent Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory ( Duluth), U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Stephanie Irene, Ph. D., Senior Advisor Date: Environmental Fate and Effects Division, ERB 3, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Mary J. Frankenberry, Senior Statistician Date: Environmental Fate and Effects Division, ERB 3, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA PC Code 080803 Date Evaluation Completed: 06/ 01/ 2003 CITATION: Smith, E., L DuPreez and K. Solomon. 2003. Field exposure of Xenopus laevis to atrazine and other triazines in South Africa: exposure characterization and assessment of laryngeal and gonadal responses. The Institute of Environmental & Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79490 ( USA) and School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Potchefstroom University for CHE, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520 ( South Africa). Sponsor: Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., Laboratory Study ID ECORISK Number SA 01B Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 2 of 23 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:

This study is the second phase of a project to assess the possible effects of exposure to atrazine and other triazines on African clawed frogs ( Xenopus laevis) in their South African native range under field conditions. The objective of this phase of the study was to characterize the exposure of frog populations to atrazine and related triazines in surface waters of both reference ( no corn/ no atrazine triazine use) and experimental ( corn growing/ atrazine triazine use) ponds from November 2001 through early June 2002. During the second two months of the study, rainfall was roughly double the 10 year average and resulted in all of the earthen ponds overflowing their banks for as long as two months. Based on EFED's analysis of raw residue data, maximum atrazine residues in experimental ponds over the study period ranged from 1.46 to 11.6 ug/ L while reference ponds ranged from 0.41 to 1.62 ug/ L. However, the atrazine degradate diaminochlorotriazine ( DACT) maximum residues ranged from 4.6 to 8.2 ug/ L at experimental sites and form 6.8 to 7.4 ug/ L at reference sites. Two other atrazine degradates, i. e., desethylated atrazine ( DEA) and desisopropyl atrazine ( DIA) showed roughly similar maximum residue levels in both experimental and reference sites. Maximum residues of terbuthylazine ranged from 1.8 to 5.3 ug/ Lat experimental sites and from 2.4 to 2.8 ug/ L at reference sites. According to the report, triazine residues in the reference ponds were likely due to wind effect; the authors speculate that the high rain events during the sampling period likely reduced atrazine levels and that " frogs living in these dams [ ponds] were undoubtedly exposed to much higher atrazine and other triazine levels than had been recorded during the present study." Given that atrazine and/ or its degradates were present in reference ponds at levels at times equivalent to some experimental pond sites and the authors concede that atrazine exposure prior to the winter floods was likely higher at all sites, it is unclear how the study can differentiate atrazine effects on frogs at reference and experimental sites. The high variability in exposure could potentially confound any attempt to document significant differences in effects.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of atrazine on X. laevis in its native habitat ( South Africa). Initially the study was intended to test whether morphological and biochemical differences existed between clawed frogs in atrazine exposed ( experimental) versus non exposed ( reference) ponds. The criteria for differentiating reference and experimental sites included production of corn and use of atrazine in the vicinity, plus the presence of X. laevis in a pond. Based on an initial survey of the sampling area, five experimental ( atrazine exposure) and three reference ( no atrazine exposure) sites were selected ( 458677 09). However, subsequent sampling during later phases of the study revealed that the reference sites all contained measurable residues of atrazine, its degradates, and terbutyhylazine ( triazine herbicide not registered for use in the USA) that were, in some cases, higher than sites considered representative of atrazine exposure Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 3 of 23 I. MATERIALS AND METHODS GUIDELINE FOLLOWED: Nonguideline Study COMPLIANCE: Not conducted under full GLP; however, most practices as defined by 40 CFR Part 160, August 19, 1989 were established for this study, including but not limited to:

° Written, authorized protocol ° Written, authorized Standard Operating Procedures for all key procedures. ° Organization and Personnel were sufficient in terms of number, education, training and experience. ° Facilities were of suitable size and construction ° Equipment used was of appropriate design and adequate capacity. ° Test material identity, strength, purity and composition were characterized. ° Independent QA Inspections were conducted. ° Final report was written ° Raw data, documentation, records, protocols, and final report were archived.

A. MATERIALS:

1. Test Material Atrazine Description: Not reported Lot No./ Batch No. : Not reported Purity: Not reported Stability of Compound Under Test Conditions: Not reported Storage conditions of test chemicals: Not reported 2. Test organism:

Species: African clawed frog ( Xenopus laevis) . Age at test initiation: Adults Weight at study initiation: ( mean and range) not reported Length at study initiation: ( mean and range) not reported Source: Adult X. laevis were field collected in two areas ( 3 non corn growing areas and 5 corn growing areas) in the vicinity of Potchefstrooom, South Africa, using traps baited with liver and meat scraps. Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 4 of 23 B. STUDY DESIGN:

Objective: 1. To characterize the exposure of populations of Xenopus laevis larvae, metamorphs and adults to atrazine and related triazines in surface water in reference ( no corn production or atrazine/ triazine use) and exposed habitats in the proximity of corn production and atrazine/ triazine use in the Potchestroom region of South Africa.

1. Experimental Conditions A total of 8 sampling sites in two adjacent regions ( 5 in Viljoenskroon corn growing region = E; 3 in non corn growing Potchefstroom region = C) in South Africa. Experimental site selection based on proximity of corn, previous and/ or planned use of atrazine and terbuthylazine, and presence of Xenopus. Reference sites based on absence of corn production, absence of triazine amd terbuthylazine in the water, and presence of Xenopus.

Biweekly water/ sediment samples collected from early November 2001 to early June 2002. Within 5 hours of collection water samples kept at 4oC and transported to testing lab within 24 hours of collection. Water temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH were recorded at reference points on each sampling site.

Pesticide and metabolite determinations in water conducted at Department of Microbiology of the School of Environmental Sciences and Development at the Potchefstroom University. Quality control conducted at CSIR ( Pretoria, South Africa) and SGS ( Midrand, South Africa).

Climatological conditions characterized in terms of air temperature and rainfall.

Agricultural practices in each of the study site catchment areas characterized as to crop, stage of crop development, e. g., just planted, in flower etc., and pesticides applied..

Compounds of interest included atrazine, its metabolites desethylated atrazine ( DEA), desisopropyl atrazine ( DIA), diaminochlorotriazine ( DACT), and terbuthylazine plus simazine and acetochlor.

Non corn growing sites had secchi disc readings ranging from 6.5 to 32 cm; pH ranged from 5.1 to 8.8; some of the control ponds were subject to drying ( semi permanent).

Corn growing sites had pond surface areas ranging from 2,400 m2 to 68,000 m2; pH ranged from 7.2  10.8 and secchi disc readings ranging from 6.5 to 207 cm.

II. RESULTS and DISCUSSION: [ All results discussed in this section and the next are those reported by the study authors. Although supplemental data are typically used in a qualitative manner only, EFED verified spreadsheet data and ran basic statistical analyses on the major study parameters. See attached appendix. If results differed in any substantive way, the difference was reported in the text below.]

Rainfall during November and December of sampling period were more than double (

150 to 200 mm) the long term average of approximately 100 mm precipitation. Air temperature over the study period were relatively consistent with 10 year minimums and maximums. High rainfall in November and December resulted in the majority of the area being Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 5 of 23 planted in corn late in the season. Although corn is typically planted in November, the high rains delayed planting until the first week of January. Because of the heavy rains, all ponds overflowed their embankments until early January.

The following insecticides were used in the study's catchment areas: terbufos ( 79.2 to 460 g/ ha), cypermethrin ( 6.6 g/ 100 m row), monocrotophos ( 1.5 L/ ha). Herbicides included acetochlor, atrazine, terbuthylazine, S metolaclhor, simazine, cyanazine and dimthenomid.

No herbicides were detected in any of the sediment samples analyzed. The level of detection for water samples ranged from 0.5 to 1.0  g/ L. The report records values of < 0.6  g/ L as 0.25  g/ L.

Table 1 presents maximum residues of atrazine and its degradates DACT, DEA and DIA; while maximum atrazine residues were roughly an order of magnitude higher at experimental sites, reference sites had detectable residues of atrazine. Maximum residues of DACT, DEA and DIA were similar in both reference and experimental sites. Both DEA and DACT had peak residues in reference ponds that were generally higher than all of the experimental pond sites except E8. The highest residues of DACT in reference ponds occurred in early December, early to mid February and mid to late May; a relatively similar pattern occurred in experimental ponds. Additionally, terbuthylazine in reference pond C6 tended to remained relatively constant at around 1  g/ L until March when it spiked to over 2  g/ L; only experimental ponds E1, E6 and E8 had monthly terbuthylazine residues higher than reference pond C6. While the high rain events in November and December may have explained potential triazine contamination of reference sites, the spikes in February and May suggest that triazine contamination of reference sites was recurrent and may not have been associated with unusual weather. According to the report though, triazine residues in the reference ponds were likely due to wind effect and the authors speculate that the high rain events during the sampling period likely reduced atrazine levels and that " frogs living in these dams were undoubtedly exposed to much higher atrazine and other triazine levels than had been recorded during the present study.

Reference ponds contained soft water ( total hardness range 18  25 mg/ L as CaCO3) while experimental ponds all contained moderately hard water ( total hardness range: 182  200 mg/ L). Lead residues ranged form 0.08 to 0.09 mg/ L in reference ponds while it was nondetectable in experimental sites. Reference pond also seemed to be an outlier in terms of the amount of siltation; while all other ponds ( reference and experimental) had silica levels ranging from 4.3  8.7 mg/ L, reference pond C6 contained 49.2 mg/ L. Additionally, pond C6 had the highest chromium ( 100.5 mg/ Kg) and titanium ( 0.6 mg/ L) residues Table 1. Maximum residues of atrazine, diaminochlorotriazine ( DACT), desethylated atrazine ( DEA), desisopropyl atrazine ( DIA), terbuthylazine, simazine and acetochlor detected in surface water collected from reference sites ( no corn grown) and experimental sites ( corn grown) from November 2001 to March 2002.

Residue Reference Sites ( C1, C3, and C6)

g/ L Experimental Sites ( E1, E3, E4, E6, and E8)

g/ L Atrazine 0.41  1.62 1.46  11.6 DACT 6.83  7.38 4.59  8.16 DEA 0.38  2.21 0.57  1.9 DIA 0.45  1.34 0.69  0.93 Terbuthylazine 2.39  2.79 1.82  5.30 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 6 of 23 Simizine 0.25  0.25 0.25  3.10 Acetochlor 0.25  0.25 0.25  1.0 E. STUDY DEFICIENCIES:

Atrazine, its degradates and terbuthylazine are present in reference sites. Study failed to provide data on other pesticides.

F. REVIEWER'S COMMENTS:

This study is the second phase of a project to assess the possible effects of exposure to atrazine and other triazines on African clawed frogs ( Xenopus laevis) in their South African native range under field conditions. The objective of this phase of the study was to characterize the exposure of frog populations to atrazine and related triazines in surface waters of both reference ( no corn/ no atrazine triazine use) and experimental ( corn growing/ atrazine triazine use) ponds from November 2001 through early June 2002. During the second two months of the study, rainfall was roughly double the 10 year average and resulted in all of the earthen ponds overflowing their banks for as long as two months. Based on EFED's analysis of raw residue data, maximum atrazine residues in experimental ponds over the study period ranged from 1.46 to 11.6 ug/ L while reference ponds ranged from 0.41 to 1.62 ug/ L. However, the atrazine degradate diaminochlorotriazine ( DACT) maximum residues ranged from 4.6 to 8.2 ug/ L at experimental sites and form 6.8 to 7.4 ug/ L at reference sites. Two other atrazine degradates, i. e., desethylated atrazine ( DEA) and desisopropyl atrazine ( DIA) showed roughly similar maximum residue levels in both experimental and reference sites. Maximum residues of terbuthylazine ranged from 1.8 to 5.3 ug/ Lat experimental sites and from 2.4 to 2.8 ug/ L at reference sites. According to the report, triazine residues in the reference ponds were likely due to wind effect; the authors speculate that the high rain events during the sampling period likely reduced atrazine levels and that " frogs living in these dams [ ponds] were undoubtedly exposed to much higher atrazine and other triazine levels than had been recorded during the present study." Given that atrazine and/ or its degradates were present in reference ponds at levels at times equivalent to some experimental pond sites and the authors concede that atrazine exposure prior to the winter floods was likely higher at all sites, it is unclear how the study can differentiate atrazine effects on frogs at reference and experimental sites. The high variability in exposure could potentially confound any attempt to document significant differences in effects.

G. CONCLUSIONS:

This study is the second phase of a project to assess the possible effects of exposure to atrazine and other triazines on African clawed frogs ( Xenopus laevis) in their South African native range under field conditions. The objective of this phase of the study was to characterize the exposure of frog populations to atrazine and related triazines in surface waters of both reference ( no corn/ no atrazine triazine use) and experimental ( corn growing/ atrazine triazine use) ponds from November 2001 through early June 2002. During the second two months of the study, rainfall was roughly double the 10 year average and resulted in all of the earthen ponds overflowing their banks for as long as two months. Based on EFED's analysis of raw residue data, maximum atrazine residues in experimental ponds over the study period ranged from 1.46 to 11.6 ug/ L while reference ponds ranged from 0.41 to 1.62 ug/ L. However, the atrazine degradate diaminochlorotriazine ( DACT) maximum residues ranged from 4.6 to 8.2 ug/ L at experimental sites and form 6.8 to 7.4 ug/ L at reference sites. Two other atrazine degradates, i. e., desethylated atrazine ( DEA) and desisopropyl atrazine ( DIA) showed roughly similar maximum residue levels in both experimental and reference sites. Maximum residues Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 7 of 23 of terbuthylazine ranged from 1.8 to 5.3 ug/ Lat experimental sites and from 2.4 to 2.8 ug/ L at reference sites. According to the report, triazine residues in the reference ponds were likely due to wind effect; the authors speculate that the high rain events during the sampling period likely reduced atrazine levels and that " frogs living in these dams [ ponds] were undoubtedly exposed to much higher atrazine and other triazine levels than had been recorded during the present study." Given that atrazine and/ or its degradates were present in reference ponds at levels at times equivalent to some experimental pond sites and the authors concede that atrazine exposure prior to the winter floods was likely higher at all sites, it is unclear how the study can differentiate atrazine effects on frogs at reference and experimental sites. The high variability in exposure could potentially confound any attempt to document significant differences in effects. Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 8 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 51 Obs SITE RESIDUE TREAT _ TYPE_ _ FREQ_ MEAN STD MIN MAX 1 E1 ATRA CORN GROW 0 24 3.07583 1.82021 0.05 6.78 2 E1 DACT CORN GROW 0 24 0.94542 1.64876 0.05 5.20 3 E1 DEA CORN GROW 0 24 0.68417 0.46684 0.05 1.66 4 E1 DIA CORN GROW 0 24 0.39042 0.24017 0.05 0.93 5 E1 TERB CORN GROW 0 24 2.84875 1.46945 0.05 5.30 6 E3 ATRA CORN GROW 0 24 0.79667 0.32979 0.14 1.46 7 E3 DACT CORN GROW 0 24 1.07333 1.81710 0.05 5.96 8 E3 DEA CORN GROW 0 24 0.30375 0.16691 0.05 0.64 9 E3 DIA CORN GROW 0 24 0.25375 0.19147 0.05 0.81 10 E3 TERB CORN GROW 0 24 0.87667 0.79778 0.05 3.31 11 E4 ATRA CORN GROW 0 24 0.56333 0.43697 0.15 1.96 12 E4 DACT CORN GROW 0 24 1.04875 1.51311 0.05 4.59 13 E4 DEA CORN GROW 0 24 0.19333 0.11698 0.05 0.57 14 E4 DIA CORN GROW 0 24 0.23333 0.18647 0.05 0.69 15 E4 TERB CORN GROW 0 24 0.56250 0.60623 0.05 1.82 16 E6 ATRA CORN GROW 0 24 2.19500 1.39259 0.05 4.46 17 E6 DACT CORN GROW 0 24 1.46625 2.01606 0.05 6.40 18 E6 DEA CORN GROW 0 24 0.51542 0.46881 0.05 1.90 19 E6 DIA CORN GROW 0 24 0.27875 0.22601 0.05 0.86 20 E6 TERB CORN GROW 0 24 1.77917 1.17789 0.05 4.43 21 E8 ATRA CORN GROW 0 24 3.33875 2.58250 0.05 11.60 22 E8 DACT CORN GROW 0 24 1.40375 2.34236 0.05 8.16 23 E8 DEA CORN GROW 0 24 0.45875 0.37055 0.05 1.25 24 E8 DIA CORN GROW 0 24 0.40208 0.23805 0.05 0.88 25 E8 TERB CORN GROW 0 24 1.61542 1.12659 0.05 3.48 26 R1 ATRA REFERENCE 0 24 0.24542 0.10496 0.05 0.41 27 R1 DACT REFERENCE 0 24 1.01792 1.67744 0.05 6.88 28 R1 DEA REFERENCE 0 24 0.12958 0.12743 0.05 0.60 29 R1 DIA REFERENCE 0 24 0.19958 0.11845 0.05 0.47 30 R1 TERB REFERENCE 0 24 0.32333 0.64632 0.05 2.11 31 R3 ATRA REFERENCE 0 24 0.18042 0.15502 0.05 0.57 32 R3 DACT REFERENCE 0 24 1.39167 1.90289 0.05 7.38 33 R3 DEA REFERENCE 0 24 0.26333 0.56395 0.05 2.21 34 R3 DIA REFERENCE 0 24 0.24000 0.27233 0.05 1.34 35 R3 TERB REFERENCE 0 24 0.55708 0.88616 0.05 2.79 36 R6 ATRA REFERENCE 0 24 0.24083 0.16981 0.05 0.69 37 R6 DACT REFERENCE 0 24 1.17708 1.69010 0.05 6.82 38 R6 DEA REFERENCE 0 24 0.10000 0.08038 0.05 0.38 39 R6 DIA REFERENCE 0 24 0.16542 0.09385 0.05 0.45 40 R6 TERB REFERENCE 0 24 1.08042 0.50886 0.48 2.67 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 9 of 23 AVERAGE CHEMICAL RESIDUES IN CORN GROWING AND REFERENCE SITES IN SOUTH AFRICA 52 Obs TREAT RESIDUE _ TYPE_ _ FREQ_ MEAN STD MIN MAX 1 CORN GROW ATRA 0 5 1.99392 1.27471 0.56333 3.33875 2 CORN GROW DACT 0 5 1.18750 0.23203 0.94542 1.46625 3 CORN GROW DEA 0 5 0.43108 0.19018 0.19333 0.68417 4 CORN GROW DIA 0 5 0.31167 0.07898 0.23333 0.40208 5 CORN GROW TERB 0 5 1.53650 0.89039 0.56250 2.84875 6 REFERENCE ATRA 0 3 0.22222 0.03628 0.18042 0.24542 7 REFERENCE DACT 0 3 1.19556 0.18756 1.01792 1.39167 8 REFERENCE DEA 0 3 0.16431 0.08703 0.10000 0.26333 9 REFERENCE DIA 0 3 0.20167 0.03734 0.16542 0.24000 10 REFERENCE TERB 0 3 0.65361 0.38766 0.32333 1.08042 NONPARAMETRIC COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING SITES 53  RESIDUE= ATRA

The NPAR1WAY Procedure Wilcoxon Scores ( Rank Sums) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 3463.00 2316.0 254.513858 144.291667 E3 24 2665.00 2316.0 254.513858 111.041667 E4 24 2085.00 2316.0 254.513858 86.875000 E6 24 3345.00 2316.0 254.513858 139.375000 E8 24 3504.00 2316.0 254.513858 146.000000 R1 24 1313.50 2316.0 254.513858 54.729167 R3 24 934.00 2316.0 254.513858 38.916667 R6 24 1218.50 2316.0 254.513858 50.770833 Average scores were used for ties.

Kruskal Wallis Test Chi Square 109.1485 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square <. 0001 Median Scores ( Number of Points Above Median) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 21.0 12.0 2.297278 0.875000 E3 24 19.0 12.0 2.297278 0.791667 E4 24 9.0 12.0 2.297278 0.375000 E6 24 22.0 12.0 2.297278 0.916667 E8 24 21.0 12.0 2.297278 0.875000 R1 24 0.0 12.0 2.297278 0.000000 R3 24 1.0 12.0 2.297278 0.041667 R6 24 3.0 12.0 2.297278 0.125000 Average scores were used for ties.

Median One Way Analysis Chi Square 110.4219 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 10 of 23 NONPARAMETRIC COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING SITES 55  RESIDUE= DACT

The NPAR1WAY Procedure Wilcoxon Scores ( Rank Sums) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 2130.00 2316.0 243.756869 88.75000 E3 24 2220.00 2316.0 243.756869 92.50000 E4 24 2202.00 2316.0 243.756869 91.75000 E6 24 2449.50 2316.0 243.756869 102.06250 E8 24 2430.00 2316.0 243.756869 101.25000 R1 24 2238.00 2316.0 243.756869 93.25000 R3 24 2473.50 2316.0 243.756869 103.06250 R6 24 2385.00 2316.0 243.756869 99.37500 Average scores were used for ties.

Kruskal Wallis Test Chi Square 1.8154 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square 0.9693 Median Scores ( Number of Points Above Median) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 11.0 12.0 2.297278 0.458333 E3 24 11.0 12.0 2.297278 0.458333 E4 24 12.0 12.0 2.297278 0.500000 E6 24 12.0 12.0 2.297278 0.500000 E8 24 14.0 12.0 2.297278 0.583333 R1 24 11.0 12.0 2.297278 0.458333 R3 24 13.0 12.0 2.297278 0.541667 R6 24 12.0 12.0 2.297278 0.500000 Average scores were used for ties.

Median One Way Analysis Chi Square 1.3264 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square 0.9877 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 11 of 23 NONPARAMETRIC COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING SITES 57  RESIDUE= DEA

The NPAR1WAY Procedure Wilcoxon Scores ( Rank Sums) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 3596.50 2316.0 251.896139 149.854167 E3 24 2741.00 2316.0 251.896139 114.208333 E4 24 2145.00 2316.0 251.896139 89.375000 E6 24 2974.00 2316.0 251.896139 123.916667 E8 24 2979.00 2316.0 251.896139 124.125000 R1 24 1435.50 2316.0 251.896139 59.812500 R3 24 1449.00 2316.0 251.896139 60.375000 R6 24 1208.00 2316.0 251.896139 50.333333 Average scores were used for ties.

Kruskal Wallis Test Chi Square 75.5240 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square <. 0001 Median Scores ( Number of Points Above Median) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 23.000000 12.0 2.277249 0.958333 E3 24 17.166667 12.0 2.277249 0.715278 E4 24 11.166667 12.0 2.277249 0.465278 E6 24 17.166667 12.0 2.277249 0.715278 E8 24 17.166667 12.0 2.277249 0.715278 R1 24 4.333333 12.0 2.277249 0.180556 R3 24 3.000000 12.0 2.277249 0.125000 R6 24 3.000000 12.0 2.277249 0.125000 Average scores were used for ties.

Median One Way Analysis Chi Square 71.2969 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 12 of 23 NONPARAMETRIC COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING SITES 59  RESIDUE= DIA

The NPAR1WAY Procedure Wilcoxon Scores ( Rank Sums) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 3075.50 2316.0 254.029783 128.145833 E3 24 2274.50 2316.0 254.029783 94.770833 E4 24 2097.50 2316.0 254.029783 87.395833 E6 24 2326.50 2316.0 254.029783 96.937500 E8 24 3114.50 2316.0 254.029783 129.770833 R1 24 1983.00 2316.0 254.029783 82.625000 R3 24 1967.00 2316.0 254.029783 81.958333 R6 24 1689.50 2316.0 254.029783 70.395833 Average scores were used for ties.

Kruskal Wallis Test Chi Square 25.6164 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square 0.0006 The NPAR1WAY Procedure Median Scores ( Number of Points Above Median) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 18.00 12.0 2.261098 0.750000 E3 24 11.50 12.0 2.261098 0.479167 E4 24 10.50 12.0 2.261098 0.437500 E6 24 11.50 12.0 2.261098 0.479167 E8 24 18.00 12.0 2.261098 0.750000 R1 24 10.50 12.0 2.261098 0.437500 R3 24 9.50 12.0 2.261098 0.395833 R6 24 6.50 12.0 2.261098 0.270833 Average scores were used for ties.

Median One Way Analysis Chi Square 19.4252 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square 0.0070 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 13 of 23 NONPARAMETRIC COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING SITES 61  RESIDUE= TERB

The NPAR1WAY Procedure Wilcoxon Scores ( Rank Sums) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 3715.50 2316.0 252.107852 154.812500 E3 24 2158.50 2316.0 252.107852 89.937500 E4 24 1664.00 2316.0 252.107852 69.333333 E6 24 3049.50 2316.0 252.107852 127.062500 E8 24 2890.50 2316.0 252.107852 120.437500 R1 24 1112.00 2316.0 252.107852 46.333333 R3 24 1395.50 2316.0 252.107852 58.145833 R6 24 2542.50 2316.0 252.107852 105.937500 Average scores were used for ties.

Kruskal Wallis Test Chi Square 77.4362 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square <. 0001 Median Scores ( Number of Points Above Median) for Variable UG Classified by Variable SITE Sum of Expected Std Dev Mean SITE N Scores Under H0 Under H0 Score ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ E1 24 21.0 12.0 2.297278 0.875000 E3 24 11.0 12.0 2.297278 0.458333 E4 24 7.0 12.0 2.297278 0.291667 E6 24 18.0 12.0 2.297278 0.750000 E8 24 16.0 12.0 2.297278 0.666667 R1 24 3.0 12.0 2.297278 0.125000 R3 24 6.0 12.0 2.297278 0.250000 R6 24 14.0 12.0 2.297278 0.583333 Average scores were used for ties.

Median One Way Analysis Chi Square 46.4236 DF 7 Pr > Chi Square <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 14 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 63  RESIDUE= ATRA

The ANOVA Procedure Class Level Information Class Levels Values SITE 8 E1 E3 E4 E6 E8 R1 R3 R6 Number of observations 192 Dependent Variable: UG Sum of Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 7 297.3024703 42.4717815 27.66 <. 0001 Error 184 282.5627875 1.5356673 Corrected Total 191 579.8652578 R Square Coeff Var Root MSE UG Mean 0.512710 93.20732 1.239220 1.329531 Source DF Anova SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 297.3024703 42.4717815 27.66 <. 0001 Levene's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 890.5 127.2 4.85 <. 0001 Error 184 4830.0 26.2501 Bartlett's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance Source DF Chi Square Pr > ChiSq SITE 7 347.0 <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 15 of 23 Bonferroni ( Dunn) t Tests for UG NOTE: This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than REGWQ.

Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 184 Error Mean Square 1.535667 Critical Value of t 3.17001 Minimum Significant Difference 1.134 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Bon Grouping Mean N SITE A 3.3388 24 E8 A B A 3.0758 24 E1 B B 2.1950 24 E6 C 0.7967 24 E3 C C 0.5633 24 E4 C C 0.2454 24 R1 C C 0.2408 24 R6 C C 0.1804 24 R3 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 16 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 67  RESIDUE= DACT

The ANOVA Procedure Class Level Information Class Levels Values SITE 8 E1 E3 E4 E6 E8 R1 R3 R6 Number of observations 192 Dependent Variable: UG Sum of Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 7 6.8600062 0.9800009 0.29 0.9577 Error 184 624.5005417 3.3940247 Corrected Total 191 631.3605479 R Square Coeff Var Root MSE UG Mean 0.010865 154.7464 1.842288 1.190521 Source DF Anova SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 6.86000625 0.98000089 0.29 0.9577 Levene's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 158.5 22.6424 0.45 0.8688 Error 184 9242.4 50.2302 Bartlett's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance Source DF Chi Square Pr > ChiSq SITE 7 6.2865 0.5067 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 17 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 70  RESIDUE= DACT

The ANOVA Procedure Bonferroni ( Dunn) t Tests for UG NOTE: This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than REGWQ.

Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 184 Error Mean Square 3.394025 Critical Value of t 3.17001 Minimum Significant Difference 1.6859 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Bon Grouping Mean N SITE A 1.4663 24 E6 A A 1.4038 24 E8 A A 1.3917 24 R3 A A 1.1771 24 R6 A A 1.0733 24 E3 A A 1.0488 24 E4 A A 1.0179 24 R1 A A 0.9454 24 E1 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 18 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 71  RESIDUE= DEA

The ANOVA Procedure Class Level Information Class Levels Values SITE 8 E1 E3 E4 E6 E8 R1 R3 R6 Number of observations 192 Dependent Variable: UG Sum of Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 7 7.03822500 1.00546071 8.40 <. 0001 Error 184 22.01816667 0.11966395 Corrected Total 191 29.05639167 R Square Coeff Var Root MSE UG Mean 0.242226 104.4958 0.345925 0.331042 Source DF Anova SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 7.03822500 1.00546071 8.40 <. 0001 Levene's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 2.2597 0.3228 2.39 0.0233 Error 184 24.8825 0.1352 Bartlett's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance Source DF Chi Square Pr > ChiSq SITE 7 140.8 <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 19 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 74  RESIDUE= DEA

The ANOVA Procedure Bonferroni ( Dunn) t Tests for UG NOTE: This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than REGWQ.

Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 184 Error Mean Square 0.119664 Critical Value of t 3.17001 Minimum Significant Difference 0.3166 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Bon Grouping Mean N SITE A 0.68417 24 E1 A B A 0.51542 24 E6 B A B A C 0.45875 24 E8 B C B D C 0.30375 24 E3 B D C B D C 0.26333 24 R3 D C D C 0.19333 24 E4 D D 0.12958 24 R1 D D 0.10000 24 R6 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 20 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 75  RESIDUE= DIA

The ANOVA Procedure Class Level Information Class Levels Values SITE 8 E1 E3 E4 E6 E8 R1 R3 R6 Number of observations 192 Dependent Variable: UG Sum of Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 7 1.21022500 0.17288929 4.14 0.0003 Error 184 7.67894167 0.04173338 Corrected Total 191 8.88916667 R Square Coeff Var Root MSE UG Mean 0.136146 75.54545 0.204287 0.270417 Source DF Anova SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 1.21022500 0.17288929 4.14 0.0003 Levene's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 0.0781 0.0112 1.07 0.3813 Error 184 1.9095 0.0104 Bartlett's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance Source DF Chi Square Pr > ChiSq SITE 7 35.1037 <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 21 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 78  RESIDUE= DIA

The ANOVA Procedure Bonferroni ( Dunn) t Tests for UG NOTE: This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than REGWQ.

Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 184 Error Mean Square 0.041733 Critical Value of t 3.17001 Minimum Significant Difference 0.1869 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Bon Grouping Mean N SITE A 0.40208 24 E8 A A 0.39042 24 E1 A B A 0.27875 24 E6 B A B A 0.25375 24 E3 B A B A 0.24000 24 R3 B A B A 0.23333 24 E4 B B 0.19958 24 R1 B B 0.16542 24 R6 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 22 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 79  RESIDUE= TERB

The ANOVA Procedure Class Level Information Class Levels Values SITE 8 E1 E3 E4 E6 E8 R1 R3 R6 Number of observations 192 Dependent Variable: UG Sum of Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 7 118.3988167 16.9141167 18.58 <. 0001 Error 184 167.4817500 0.9102269 Corrected Total 191 285.8805667 R Square Coeff Var Root MSE UG Mean 0.414155 79.14758 0.954058 1.205417 Source DF Anova SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 118.3988167 16.9141167 18.58 <. 0001 Levene's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F SITE 7 65.4317 9.3474 5.16 <. 0001 Error 184 333.2 1.8111 Bartlett's Test for Homogeneity of UG Variance Source DF Chi Square Pr > ChiSq SITE 7 41.4268 <. 0001 Data Evaluation Report on Field Exposure of Xenopus laevis to Atrazine and Other Triazines in South Africa: Exposure Characterization and Assessment of Laryngeal and Gonadal Responses EPA MRID Number 458677 01 Page 23 of 23 ANOVA FOR CHEMICAL RESIDUES ACROSS SAMPLING AREAS 82  RESIDUE= TERB

The ANOVA Procedure Bonferroni ( Dunn) t Tests for UG NOTE: This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than REGWQ.

Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 184 Error Mean Square 0.910227 Critical Value of t 3.17001 Minimum Significant Difference 0.8731 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Bon Grouping Mean N SITE A 2.8488 24 E1 B 1.7792 24 E6 B C B 1.6154 24 E8 C B C B D 1.0804 24 R6 C D C D 0.8767 24 E3 D D 0.5625 24 E4 D D 0.5571 24 R3 D D 0.3233 24 R1


 [Federal Register Volume 78, Number 59 (Wednesday, March 27, 2013)] [Notices] [Page 18579] [FR Doc No: C1-2013-06515]

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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

Combined Notice of Filings 1

Correction

    In notice document 2013-06515, appearing on pages 17391-17392 in  the issue of Thursday, March 21, 2013, make the following correction:     On page 17391, in the center column, on the thirteenth line,  ``ER109-1997-000'' should read ``ER10-1997-000''.

[FR Doc. C1-2013-06515 Filed 3-26-13; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 1505-01-D


[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 236 (Monday, December 11, 2017)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 58145-58147]
[FR Doc No: 2017-26605]

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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

Coast Guard

33 CFR Part 117

[Docket No. USCG-2017-1047]
RIN 1625-AA09

Drawbridge Operation Regulation; Black River, Port Huron, MI

AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: The Coast Guard proposes to modify the operating schedule that
governs the Military Street Bridge, mile 0.33, the Seventh Street
Bridge, mile 0.50, the Tenth Street Bridge, mile 0.94, and the Canadian
National Railroad Bridge, mile 1.56, across the Black River at Port
Huron, MI. The City of Port Huron requested the winter hours to be
expanded for City-operated highway bridges. We have reviewed the
regulation in its entirety because the current regulation is
approximately 30 years old, use of the waterway has substantially
changed, and the current language and conditions in the regulation are
difficult to follow and understand.

DATES: Comments and related material must reach the Coast Guard on or
before January 10, 2018.

ADDRESSES:  You may submit comments identified by docket number USCG-
2017-1047 using Federal eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov.
    See the ``Public Participation and Request for Comments'' portion
of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section below for instructions on
submitting comments.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions on this proposed
rule, call or email Mr. Lee D. Soule, Bridge Management Specialist,
Ninth Coast Guard District; telephone<PHONE_NUMBER>, email
[email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Table of Abbreviations

CFR Code of Federal Regulations
DHS Department of Homeland Security
FR Federal Register
IGLD85 International Great Lakes Datum of 1985
LWD Low Water Datum based on IGLD 85
OMB Office of Management and Budget
NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (Advance, Supplemental)
Sec.  Section
U.S.C. United States Code

II. Background, Purpose and Legal Basis

    The Black River flows southwest through the City of Port Huron, MI
and empties into the St. Clair River just below the south end of Lake
Huron. Large commercial freighters once traveled up the Black River to
facilities past the Canadian National Railroad Bridge, but currently
the river is mostly used by recreational vessels with a few small
commercial vessels operating in the river. Large commercial vessels do
not currently trade in the Black River.
    The Military Street Bridge provides a horizontal clearance of 73
feet and a vertical clearance of 13 feet above LWD in the closed
position.
    The Seventh Street Bridge provides a horizontal clearance of 83
feet and a vertical clearance of 12 feet above LWD in the closed
position.
    The Tenth Street Bridge provides a horizontal clearance of 90 feet
and a vertical clearance of 18 feet above LWD in the closed position.
    The Canadian National Railroad Bridge provides a horizontal
clearance of 80 feet and a vertical clearance of 14 feet above LWD in
the closed position.
    The CSX Railroad Bridge, mile 0.09, is out of service and locked in
the fully open position.
    All five drawbridges provide an unlimited vertical clearance in the
open position.
    The CSX Railroad Bridge and Canadian National Railroad Bridge are
not included in the existing regulation.
    The current regulation allows the Military Street Bridge and the
Seventh Street Bridge to operate on the hour and half-hour between May
1 and October 31, from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., Monday through Saturday,
except Federal Holidays. In April and November, between the hours of 4
p.m. and 8 a.m., both bridges require a 3-hour advance notice for
openings.
    The Tenth Street Bridge is currently required to open on signal
from May 1 through October 31, except from 11 p.m. to 8 a.m. a 1-hour
advance notice is required for openings. In April and November the
bridge requires a 3-hour advance notice for openings at all times.
    From December 1 through March 31 all three highway bridges requires
at least 24 hours notice for openings.
    As noted above, both the CSX Railroad and Canadian National
Railroad bridges are not included in the existing regulation.

    The City of Port Huron operates the three highway bridges and
requested the winter operating dates to be expanded due to a lack of
openings, use of the waterway has substantially changed, and early
development of ice in the river that prevents most recreational vessels
from transiting the waterway between November 1 and April 30. They
requested the winter operating schedules (with 12-hours advance notice
from vessels) to apply November 1 through April 30 each year.
    In addition to reviewing winter operating dates we have reviewed
the current operating schedules for all drawbridges on the waterway.
During our coordination with the City of Port Huron and stakeholders,
concerns were also received regarding vehicle congestion and
predictable bridge openings when the Military Street and Seventh Street
Bridges are opened simultaneously for vessels. Both bridges currently
open on the hour and half-hour. This proposed rule is expected to
reflect the current usage of the waterway by marine entities during the
navigation season and winter periods, improve both marine and vehicular
traffic mobility by reducing congestion and delays, simplify the
schedules and language in the existing regulation, and provide for the
reasonable needs of navigation.

III. Discussion of Proposed Rule

    This proposed rule alternates, or staggers, openings of the three
highway bridges with Military Street and Tenth Street opening on the
hour and half-hour, and Seventh Street (the middle highway bridge), on
the quarter and three-quarter-hour, thereby providing predictable
bridge openings and avoiding all of the highway bridges opening
simultaneously, and allowing continuous vessel movements through the
highway bridges. To prevent congestion at the bridges the drawbridges
will open at any time five or more vessels are waiting for an opening.
This change is expected to reduce vehicular traffic congestion and
delays, and reduce the chance vessels will be stuck between the highway
bridges and waiting for extended times for bridge openings.
    The Tenth Street Bridge is the furthest upriver highway bridge and
provides a higher vertical clearance than the Military Street or the
Seventh Street drawbridges, allowing most vessels to pass under the
bridge without an opening. The volume of marine traffic and upriver
marine facilities that require Tenth Street Bridge openings is
significantly lower than Military and Seventh Street Bridges but the
vehicular traffic is considerably higher than the other highway
bridges. Between May 1 and October 31 this proposed rule will allow the
Tenth Street Bridge to open on the hour and half-hour from 8 a.m. to 11
p.m. From 11 p.m. to 8 a.m. the bridge will require a 1-hour advance
notice for openings. This schedule is expected to provide predictable
bridge openings for vehicles to cross the river at any time while still
providing for the reasonable needs of navigation. Between November 1
and April 30 the bridge will require a 12-hours advance notice to open.
    The Canadian National Railroad Bridge normally remains in the open
to navigation position and only closes to navigation to accommodate the
passage of trains. This proposed rule will add the Canadian National
Bridge to the current regulation. The bridge will open on signal at all
times between May 1 and October 31, and will open if 12-hours advance
notice is provided between November 1 and April 30, matching the winter
schedules of the highway bridges.

IV. Regulatory Analyses

    We developed this proposed rule after considering numerous statutes
and Executive Orders related to rulemaking. Below we summarize our
analyses based on these statutes and Executive Orders and we discuss
First Amendment rights of protestors.

A. Regulatory Planning and Review

    Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess the
costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if
regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize
net benefits. Executive Order 13771 directs agencies to control
regulatory costs through a budgeting process. This NPRM has not been
designated a ``significant regulatory action,'' under Executive Order
12866. Accordingly, the NPRM has not been reviewed by the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) and pursuant to OMB guidance it is exempt
from the requirements of Executive Order 13771. This regulatory action
determination is based on the ability that vessels can still transit
the drawbridges by giving advanced notice at all times of the year.

B. Impact on Small Entities

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA), 5 U.S.C. 601-612, as
amended, requires federal agencies to consider the potential impact of
regulations on small entities during rulemaking. The term ``small
entities'' comprises small businesses, not-for-profit organizations
that are independently owned and operated and are not dominant in their
fields, and governmental jurisdictions with populations of less than
50,000. The Coast Guard certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this
proposed rule would not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities. While some owners or operators of
vessels intending to transit the bridges may be small entities, for the
reasons stated in section IV.A above this proposed rule would not have
a significant economic impact on any vessel owner or operator because
we coordinated with the marina operators and the local yacht clubs and
incorporated their concerns into the proposed regulation.
    If you think that your business, organization, or governmental
jurisdiction qualifies as a small entity and that this rule would have
a significant economic impact on it, please submit a comment (see
ADDRESSES) explaining why you think it qualifies and how and to what
degree this rule would economically affect it.
    Under section 213(a) of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-121), we want to assist small
entities in understanding this proposed rule. If the rule would affect
your small business, organization, or governmental jurisdiction and you
have questions concerning its provisions or options for compliance,
please contact the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT, above. The Coast Guard will not retaliate against small
entities that question or complain about this proposed rule or any
policy or action of the Coast Guard.

C. Collection of Information

    This proposed rule would call for no new collection of information
under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520).

D. Federalism and Indian Tribal Government

    A rule has implications for federalism under Executive Order 13132,
Federalism, if it has a substantial direct effect on the States, on the
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of
government. We have analyzed this proposed rule under that Order and
have determined that it is consistent with the fundamental federalism
principles and preemption requirements described in Executive Order
13132.
    Also, this proposed rule does not have tribal implications under
Executive Order 13175, Consultation and

Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments, because it would not have
a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes, on the
relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, or on
the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal
Government and Indian tribes. If you believe this proposed rule has
implications for federalism or Indian tribes, please contact the person
listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section above.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531-1538)
requires Federal agencies to assess the effects of their discretionary
regulatory actions. In particular, the Act addresses actions that may
result in the expenditure by a State, local, or tribal government, in
the aggregate, or by the private sector of $100,000,000 (adjusted for
inflation) or more in any one year. Though this proposed rule will not
result in such an expenditure, we do discuss the effects of this
proposed rule elsewhere in this preamble.

F. Environment

    We have analyzed this proposed rule under Department of Homeland
Security Management Directive 023-01 and Commandant Instruction
M16475.lD, which guides the Coast Guard in complying with the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321-4370f), and
have made a preliminary determination that this action is one of a
category of actions which do not individually or cumulatively have a
significant effect on the human environment. This proposed rule simply
promulgates the operating regulations or procedures for drawbridges.
Normally such actions are categorically excluded from further review,
under figure 2-1, paragraph (32)(e), of the Instruction.
    A preliminary Record of Environmental Consideration and a
Memorandum for the Record are not required for this proposed rule. We
seek any comments or information that may lead to the discovery of a
significant environmental impact from this proposed rule.

G. Protest Activities

    The Coast Guard respects the First Amendment rights of protesters.
Protesters are asked to contact the person listed in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section to coordinate protest activities so that
your message can be received without jeopardizing the safety or
security of people, places or vessels.

V. Public Participation and Request for Comments

    We view public participation as essential to effective rulemaking,
and will consider all comments and material received during the comment
period. Your comment can help shape the outcome of this rulemaking. If
you submit a comment, please include the docket number for this
rulemaking, indicate the specific section of this document to which
each comment applies, and provide a reason for each suggestion or
recommendation.
    We encourage you to submit comments through the Federal eRulemaking
Portal at http://www.regulations.gov. If your material cannot be
submitted using http://www.regulations.gov, contact the person in the
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this document for alternate
instructions.
    We accept anonymous comments. All comments received will be posted
without change to http://www.regulations.gov and will include any
personal information you have provided.
    Documents mentioned in this NPRM as being available in this docket
and all public comments, will be in our online docket at http://www.regulations.gov and can be viewed by following that Web site's
instructions. Additionally, if you go to the online docket and sign up
for email alerts, you will be notified when comments are posted or a
final rule is published.

List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 117

    Bridges.
    For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Coast Guard proposes
to amend 33 CFR part 117 as follows:

PART 117--DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS

0
1. The authority citation for part 117 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  33 U.S.C. 499; 33 CFR 1.05-1; Department of Homeland
Security Delegation No. 0170.1.

0
2. Revise Sec.  117.625 to read as follows:

Sec.  117.625  Black River (Port Huron).

    (a) The draw of the Military Street Bridge, mile 0.33, shall open
on signal; except that, from May 1 through October 31, from 8 a.m. to
11 p.m., seven days a week, the draw need open only on the hour and
half-hour for recreational vessels, or at any time when there are more
than five vessels waiting for an opening, and from November 1 through
April 30 if at least 12-hours advance notice is given.
    (b) The draw of the Seventh Street Bridge, mile 0.50, shall open on
signal; except that, from May 1 through October 31, from 8 a.m. to 11
p.m., seven days a week, the draw need open only on the quarter-hour
and three-quarter-hour for recreational vessels, or at any time when
there are more than five vessels waiting for an opening, and from
November 1 through April 30 if at least 12-hours advance notice is
given.
    (c) The draw of the Tenth Street Bridge, mile 0.94, shall open on
signal; except that, from May 1 through October 31, from 8 a.m. to 11
p.m., seven days a week, the draw need open only on the hour and half-
hour for recreational vessels, or at any time when there are more than
five vessels waiting for an opening, and from 11 p.m. to 8 a.m. if at
least 1-hour advance notice is provided, and from November 1 through
April 30 if at least 12-hours notice is given.
    (d) The draw of the Canadian National Railroad Bridge, mile 1.56,
shall open on signal; except from November 1 through April 30 if at
least 12-hours advance notice is given.

    Dated: November 27, 2017.
J.M. Nunan,
Rear Admiral, U.S. Coast Guard, Commander, Ninth Coast Guard District.
[FR Doc. 2017-26605 Filed 12-8-17; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 9110-04-P