[Federal Register: February 27, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 38)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 9698-9709]
[DOCID:fr27fe06-6]

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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

18 CFR Parts 41, 158, 286 and 349

[Docket No. RM06-2-000; Order No. 675]

Procedures for Disposition of Contested Audit Matters

Issued February 17, 2006.
AGENCY: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, DOE.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: In this Final Rule, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
(Commission) is amending its regulations to expand due process for
certain audited persons who dispute findings or proposed remedies
contained in draft audit reports.

DATES: Effective Date: This Final Rule will become effective March 29,
2006.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John Kroeger, Office of Market
Oversight and Investigations, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 888
First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426,<PHONE_NUMBER>,
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Before Commissioners: Joseph T. Kelliher, Chairman; Nora Mead Brownell,
and Suedeen G. Kelly

I. Introduction

    1. The Final Rule expands the procedural rights of persons subject
to audits conducted by Commission staff under the Federal Power Act
(FPA),\1\ the Natural Gas Act (NGA),\2\ the Natural Gas Policy Act of
1978 (NGPA) \3\ and the Interstate Commerce Act (ICA).\4\ Under current
practice, audited persons who disagree with non-financial audit matters
approved by the Commission must seek rehearing of that order. Under the
Final Rule, such audited persons may elect to file briefs with the
Commission, or, in appropriate circumstances, participate in a trial-
type hearing to challenge audit matters before the Commission makes its
decision on the merits. This revised procedure affords enhanced due
process to audited persons who disagree with the findings or proposed
remedies suggested by audit staff.\5\
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    \1\ 16 U.S.C. 791a et seq. (2000).
    \2\ 15 U.S.C. 717 et seq. (2000).
    \3\ 15 U.S.C. 3301 et seq. (2000).
    \4\ 49 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq. (2000).
    \5\ As explained below, the Final Rule does not apply to audits
pertaining to reliability that the Commission authorized in Order
No. 672, Rules Concerning Certification of the Electric Reliability
Organization; and Procedures for the Establishment, Approval, and
Enforcement of Electric Reliability Standards, Docket No. RM05-30-
000, 114 FERC ] 61,104 (February 2, 2006) (ERO Audits).
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    2. Under the Final Rule, following completion of the audit process,
the Commission will issue an order on the merits with respect to non-
disputed audit matters contained in a notice of deficiency, audit
report, or similar document, and will notice, without making any
findings on the merits, any disputed audit matters. The audited person
may then elect a shortened procedure \6\ or a trial-type procedure to
challenge the disputed audit matters. The Commission would honor this
election unless the Commission determines that there are no material
facts in dispute which require a trial-type proceeding.
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    \6\ The term ``shortened procedure'' as used in the Final Rule
and the accompanying regulatory text refers to a ``paper hearing''
or briefing of matters only, and it does not include a trial-type
hearing.
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    3. As set forth in further detail below, twelve companies filed
initial comments \7\ and four companies filed

reply comments \8\ to the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) which
the Commission issued in this docket.\9\ In response to the comments,
and as discussed more fully below, the Commission, among other things:
Clarifies the scope of application of the Final Rule; addresses the
role of interested persons in the proposed procedures; discusses
informal procedures for resolving disputed audit matters between
audited persons and the Commission's audit staff; and addresses
comments that pertain to implementation issues and audit practices and
other matters that underlie the procedures in the Final Rule.
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    \7\ The entities filing initial comments in this proceeding
(initial comments) were Ameren Services Company (Ameren); American
Public Gas Association (APGA); American Public Power Association
(APPA); American Transmission Company LLC (ATC); Association of Oil
Pipe Lines (AOPL); Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corporation,
Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc., LIPA, New York Power
Authority, New York State Electric & Gas Corporation, Orange and
Rockland Utilities, Inc. and Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation
(Indicated New York Transmission Owners); Edison Electric Institute
(EEI); Interstate Natural Gas Association of America (INGAA); LG&E
Energy LLC (LG&E); Midwest ISO Transmission Owners; Public Service
Company of New Mexico and Texas-New Mexico Power Company (PNM-TNMP);
and Williston Basin Interstate Pipeline Company (Williston Basin).
    \8\ The entities filing reply comments in this proceeding (reply
comments) were APGA; EEI; INGAA; and Williston Basin.
    \9\ Procedures for Disposition of Contested Audit Matters, 70 FR
65866 (Nov. 1, 2005); IV FERC Stats. & Regs., Proposed Regulations ]
32,592 (2005).
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    4. In response to the filed comments, the Commission finds that a
change to the proposed regulatory text is warranted to permit an
audited person who has elected the shortened procedure to file a motion
with the Commission for a trial-type proceeding in circumstances where
a party has raised one or more new issues in the shortened procedure.
In addition, three minor changes to the wording of the proposed
regulatory text are warranted: (1) Clarifying that an audited person
\10\ may challenge, using the procedures set forth in the Final Rule,
either one or more audit findings, or one or more proposed remedies, or
both, in any combination; (2) specifying the number of days an audited
person has to notify the Commission of its election of shortened
procedures or a trial-type hearing and the number of days to file
memoranda under the shortened procedure; and (3) deleting reference to
Standards of Conduct or Codes of Conduct in section 349.1, which
pertains to oil pipeline companies.
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    \10\ The term ``person'' as used in the NOPR and in the Final
Rule and the accompanying regulatory text is the same as the
definition of person found in parts 101 (Definition 24) and 201
(Definition 27) of the Commission's regulations, which define
``person'' as follows: ``An individual, a corporation, a
partnership, an association, a joint stock company, a business
trust, or any other organized group of persons, whether incorporated
or not, or any receiver or trust.''
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II. Background

    5. On October 20, 2005, the Commission issued an NOPR to apply
existing procedures for challenging the Commission staff's financial
audit findings and proposed remedies to all Commission staff audits,
including operational audit findings and proposed remedies. Pursuant to
section 309 of the FPA,\11\ section 16 of the NGA,\12\ sections 20 and
204(a)(6) of the ICA \13\ and section 501 of the NGPA,\14\ the
Commission proposed to amend part 41 under Subchapter B, part 158 under
Subchapter E and part 286 under Subchapter I, and to add a part 349
under Subchapter P, to Title 18 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
Under the proposed regulations, an audited person would be able to
challenge staff audit findings and proposed remedies (collectively,
audit matters) before the issuance of a Commission order on the merits
of those audit matters.
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    \11\ 16 U.S.C. 825h (2000).
    \12\ 15 U.S.C. 717o (2000).
    \13\ 49 U.S.C. App. 20 and 204(a)(6) (2000).
    \14\ 15 U.S.C. 3411 (2000).
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    6. As explained in the NOPR, relevant portions of the existing
language of parts 41 and 158 of the Commission's regulations that
relate to procedures for challenging audit matters date at least to
1937.\15\ Those regulations address audits of financial matters. In
more recent years, the Commission has expanded the scope of its audits
to determine compliance with the Commission's Standards of Conduct,\16\
Open Access Transmission Tariff requirements, and Codes of Conduct,
among other requirements. The Final Rule will provide the enhanced
procedures long applicable to financial audits to all audits, other
than ERO Audits, conducted by the Commission or its staff.
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    \15\ See Federal Power Commission, Rules of Practice and
Regulations 301(a) (Revised Jan. 1, 1937).
    \16\ See 18 CFR part 358 (2005).
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III. Discussion

    7. The 12 initial comments and four reply comments were
overwhelmingly supportive of the Commission's efforts to provide a more
complete and expansive procedure for persons subject to non-financial
audits. We first address comments that identified issues pertaining to
the primary scope of the proposed rule: (1) The role of interested
persons; (2) appropriate informal procedures; and (3) the application
of the proposed regulations to reliability audits. Next, we address
comments suggesting changes to the proposed regulatory text. Finally,
we address comments regarding the conduct of audits and related
matters. Although these comments are beyond the scope of the issues set
forth in the NOPR, the Commission believes that a discussion of these
comments will add clarity to the agency's enforcement program.

A. The Role of Interested Entities

    8. The proposed rule states that ``any other interested entities''
may submit memoranda in the shortened procedure. Similarly, the
existing rule makes provision for filing by ``any other parties
interested.''
1. Comments
    9. Several commenters address whether anyone other than the audited
person and the Commission staff should be able to file memoranda in the
shortened procedure. For example, EEI comments that neither the
proposed rule nor the Commission's regulations define the term ``any
other interested entities.'' EEI asserts that historically only utility
customers have intervened in contested proceedings concerning financial
audits. EEI states that operational audits, in most cases, do not
present rate implications, and that therefore there is no reason to
permit other interested entities to file memoranda in the shortened
procedure in matters involving operational audits. EEI also expresses
the concern that an entity other than the audited person or Commission
staff that files a memorandum in the shortened procedure could arguably
be entitled to obtain in discovery non-public information pertaining to
the underlying audit. EEI further seeks clarification regarding whether
an interested entity may appeal the findings of an operational
audit.\17\
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    \17\ EEI initial comments at 16-17.
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    10. The Indicated New York Transmission Owners likewise comment
that the Commission should clarify the role of ``other interested
persons'' in the contested audit proceeding.\18\ Ameren comments that
allowing interventions would jeopardize the controlled and confidential
process that has traditionally allowed audited persons and the
Commission staff to address compliance issues.\19\ INGAA expresses the
concern that, because any interested person could intervene in the
shortened procedure and raise new facts or allegations or proposals for
new remedies, an audited person should be

able to change its election from shortened procedure to trial-type
proceeding for good cause shown in light of any new issues raised.\20\
Finally, APGA comments that an interested entity should be able to
participate in the decision of whether a shortened procedure or a
trial-type hearing will be used to determine contested audit matters,
and that the rights of interested entities should be strengthened.\21\
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    \18\ Indicated New York Transmission Owners initial comments at
3-4.
    \19\ Ameren initial comments at 3-4.
    \20\ INGAA initial comments at 2-3.
    \21\ APGA initial comments at 4.
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2. Commission Determination
    11. In this Final Rule, as is now the case in financial audits, the
Commission will permit other interested entities to file memoranda in
the shortened procedure. An entity other than the audited person may
have an interest in the outcome of the contested audit proceeding and
may have information about the audited person's operations or proposed
remedy that would inform the Commission's determination regarding the
contested issue. The Commission will use the same standard for
permitting interested entities to file memoranda in the shortened
procedure as it uses to permit interventions in other proceedings.\22\
In addition, an interested entity may include in its initial memorandum
filed pursuant to the shortened procedure a motion to intervene in the
proceeding.\23\
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    \22\ See 18 CFR 385.214(b) (2005).
    \23\ If an interested entity is granted intervention, that
entity will obtain party status with all the ensuing rights and
responsibilities of a party.
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    12. The Final Rule defines the shortened procedure as consisting of
the filing of two rounds of memoranda, and thus there will be no
opportunity in this procedure for any interested entity to use the
discovery process to obtain information from the audited person.\24\ By
permitting interested entities to file memoranda in the shortened
procedure, the Commission is not affecting the non-public conduct of
the audit that includes communications between the audited person and
the Commission staff regarding compliance issues. The interested entity
that files memoranda in the shortened procedure will have access only
to publicly available filings and not to any non-public communications.
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    \24\ With respect to discovery in a trial-type proceeding
conducted pursuant to the Final Rule, the applicable standards under
part 385 of the Commission's regulations will apply. The presiding
administrative law judge will rule on discovery procedures and
motions as in other contested hearings.
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    13. The Commission adopts in part INGAA's suggestion that an
audited person be permitted to change its election of the shortened
procedure in favor of a trial-type procedure for good cause shown after
an interested entity files a memorandum in the shortened procedure that
raises a new matter. Within 20 days after the last date that reply
memoranda under the shortened procedure may be timely filed, the
audited person who elected the shortened procedure may file a motion
with the Commission requesting a trial-type hearing if new issues are
raised by a party. To prevail in such a motion, the audited person must
show that a party to the shortened procedure raised one or more new
issues of material fact relevant to resolution of a matter in the
shortened procedure such that fundamental fairness requires a trial-
type hearing to resolve the new issue or issues so raised. Parties to
the shortened procedure and the Commission staff may file responses to
the motion. In ruling upon the motion, the Commission may determine
that some or all of the issues be litigated in a trial-type hearing.
Further, the Commission can also set a matter for hearing sua sponte,
if warranted.
    14. The Commission declines to adopt APGA's suggestion that the
Commission permit an interested entity to participate in the initial
election of the shortened procedure or the trial-type hearing. The
election belongs to the audited person. The election provides the
audited person a voice in how it may contest audit findings with which
it disagrees. We conclude that the best approach is to permit the
audited person to make the election for the shortened procedure or the
trial-type election alone, subject to the requirement, as stated in the
proposed rule, that the Commission will honor that election except when
there are no material facts in dispute requiring a trial-type hearing.

B. Informal Procedures

    15. In the NOPR, the Commission invited public comments on whether
the Commission should also provide informal procedures before
proceeding with the formal procedures contained in the NOPR.\25\
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    \25\ NOPR at P 11.
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1. Comments
    16. A number of commenters express support for the continuation of
informal contacts between the audit staff and the audited person during
the course of the audit and up to the point where the audited person
informs audit staff in writing that the audited person contests one or
more audit findings or proposed remedies.\26\ Commenters also provide
suggestions for additional informal procedures. EEI urges the
Commission to provide for a mechanism by which the audited company may
raise a concern with the management of the audit staff. EEI further
states that it would support an additional informal procedure to
resolve disputes after an audit concludes but before the shortened
procedure or the trial-type hearing begins.\27\ Ameren comments in
favor of an additional informal procedure that would provide the
audited person an opportunity to review draft audit findings and
discuss those findings with audit staff.\28\ Williston Basin comments
that an informal audit conference would allow the audited person to
resolve issues without incurring the expense of more formal
procedures.\29\ APGA notes the ``long-standing practice'' of the audit
staff engaging in informal contacts and discussions with audited
persons, but requests that the Commission explicitly state that only
formal contacts may occur between the audit staff and the audited
person with respect to the substance of any audit.\30\
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    \26\See EEI initial comments at 20-21; LG&E initial comments at
3.
    \27\EEI initial comments at 21.
    \28\Ameren initial comments at 7.
    \29\Williston Basin initial comments at 3-4.
    \30\APGA initial comments at 3.
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2. Commission Determination
    17. The Commission agrees with the commenters that asserted that
informal discussions between the audited person and audit staff are
useful and should continue where they are appropriate. Nothing in the
Final Rule is intended to discourage these informal contacts. While it
is not clear precisely what APGA means by ``formal contacts,''
requiring such contacts, as APGA suggests, would unduly impede the flow
of communication between audit staff and an audited person that is
essential to understand company records and the Commission therefore
rejects this suggestion.
    18. The Commission also does not see a compelling need to establish
a specific informal procedure. An audited person may request to speak
with management of the audit staff at any time during an audit up to
the time that it indicates in writing that it contests specified
findings or proposed remedies.\31\ An audited person may contact
management of the audit staff directly or through the audit staff.
Informal resolution of issues that arise in audits is in the public
interest. Furthermore, a specific informal procedure is not necessary
to provide an audited person

an opportunity to comment on a draft audit report. Under the audit
staff's current practice, at the end of the audit process the audit
staff provides an audited person a draft audit report for review and
comment. Audit staff considers these comments and discusses them with
the audited person. Finally, an audited person is routinely provided an
audit conference at the end of the audit process to try to resolve
disputed issues or clarify points that the audited person believes are
not clear. At this ``wrap-up'' conference, the audited person may
discuss with the audit staff and its management proposed audit findings
and proposed remedies, as well as information provided to staff in the
audit and the application of that information to applicable law.\32\
The wrap-up conference is similar to the meeting that EEI described in
its comments. The availability of a wrap-up conference ensures that the
questions and concerns of audited persons are meaningfully addressed
and obviates the need for the Commission to promulgate a specific
informal procedure.
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    \31\ For an explanation of how staff conducts an audit, see
http://www.ferc.gov/legal/maj-ord-reg/land-docs/order2004/resources.asp
.

    \32\ Audit staff will provide the audit report, notice of
deficiency or similar document before it is made public. The wrap-up
conference is also described on the Commission's Web site at http://www.ferc.gov/legal/maj-ord-reg/land-docs/order2004/resources.asp
.

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C. Reliability Audits

1. Comments
    19. Two commenters ask whether the proposed rule would apply to
reliability audits.\33\
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    \33\ See EEI initial comments at 19-20; and Indicated New York
Transmission Owners initial comments at 4.
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2. Commission Determination
    20. The Final Rule will apply to all audits conducted by Commission
staff except for ERO Audits. A little background regarding ERO Audits
will provide useful context. Order No. 672 was promulgated under the
authority of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct 2005).\34\ Section
1211 of the EPAct 2005 amended the FPA by adding a new section 215 on
electric reliability. FPA section 215(e) establishes an Electric
Reliability Organization (ERO) with authority to impose a penalty under
certain circumstances on a user, owner or operator of the bulk-power
system for violation of a reliability standard approved by the
Commission. FPA section 215(e) also authorizes the Commission, on its
own motion or upon complaint, to order compliance with a reliability
standard and to impose a penalty against a user or owner or operator of
the bulk-power system.
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    \34\ Public Law 109-58, 119 Stat. 594 (2005).
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    21. Any audit or review of compliance with reliability standards
conducted by an ERO will, by definition, not be an audit conducted by
the Commission. Accordingly, the procedures set forth in the Final Rule
will not apply to audits or compliance reviews conducted by an ERO. In
addition, audits that are expressly conducted by the Commission staff
pursuant to the provisions of Order No. 672 will not be subject to the
procedures contained in the Final Rule. The Commission is excluding ERO
Audits from the scope of the Final Rule because aspects of the
Commission's program with respect to such audits remain to be
determined. The Commission may reconsider this decision after an ERO is
certified.

D. Right To Challenge Audit Findings or Proposed Remedies

1. Comments
    22. Ameren and EEI point out that in the NOPR the Commission
referred to audit findings and proposed remedies collectively as audit
matters and seeks assurance that an audited person may use the
procedures set forth in the proposed regulations to challenge either an
audit finding, or a proposed remedy, or both.\35\
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    \35\ Ameren initial comments at 7-8; EEI initial comments at 17-
18.
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2. Commission Determination
    23. A situation may occur in which an audited person does not
challenge a finding that it violated a Commission requirement, but the
audited person does not agree with the remedial measure associated with
the finding. In this situation, the audited person may wish to
challenge the audit report, deficiency report, or other document with
respect to the proposed remedy alone. The NOPR did not clearly specify
that an audited person may challenge just the proposed remedy. The
Commission clarifies that an audited person may do so, and the
regulatory text is modified accordingly to clearly state that an
audited person may challenge one or more audit findings, or one or more
proposed remedies, or both, in any combination.

E. Time Frames

1. Comments
    24. EEI notes that under the proposed section 41.1, the Commission
shall provide the audited person a specified number of days to respond
with respect to disputed audit matters. EEI also notes that the
Commission did not specify the number of days in section 41.3 that an
audited person will have to file memoranda pursuant to the shortened
procedure. EEI urges that the Commission specify in sections 41.1 and
41.2 that an audited person shall have 30 days to respond to a
Commission order that notes, but does not address on the merits, one or
more disputed findings or proposed remedies. EEI also urges that the
Commission specify in section 41.3 that initial memoranda be filed
within 45 days and that reply memoranda be filed 20 days later.\36\
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    \36\ EEI initial comments at 18. AOPL also advocated that
specific filing time periods be provided. AOPL initial comments at
2-3.
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2. Commission Determination
    25. The Commission accepts EEI's recommended changes with respect
to the noted time limits for filings. The existing section 41.1 does
not specify a time period for an audited person to respond to the
Commission with respect to a noticed finding or proposed remedy with
which he or she may disagree. Specifying the number of days for the
noted filings will promote certainty. Therefore, the Commission will
change the regulatory text to indicate the number of days for making
the noted filings.\37\ Specifically, section 41.1 will indicate that an
audited person will have 30 days to respond with respect to a disputed
audit matter. Section 41.3 will indicate that initial memoranda must be
filed within 45 days and reply memoranda must be filed 20 days
later.\38\
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    \37\ Under the Commission's existing authority, it retains the
right to modify the time limits in appropriate circumstances.
    \38\ Conforming changes are made in 18 CFR 158.1, 158.3,
286.103, 286.105, 349.1 and 349.3.
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F. Excision of Certain References in Part 349

1. Comments
    26. AOPL notes that the proposed section 349.1, which would apply
to oil pipelines, provides that an audit may result in findings that an
audited person has not complied with the Commission's requirements
under the Standards of Conduct or the Code of Conduct, and that these
requirements do not apply to oil pipelines.\39\
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    \39\ AOPL initial comments at 3.
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2. Commission Determination
    27. The referenced requirements do not apply to oil pipelines.
Accordingly, to avoid confusion, the Commission shall excise the phrase
``matters under the Standards of Conduct or the Code of Conduct'' from
the regulatory text of section 349.1 in the Final Rule.

G. The Commission May Take ``Other Action''

1. Comments
    28. Williston Basin requests that the Commission remove the phrase
``or taking other action'' from proposed sections 41.2, 158.2, 286.104
and 349.2 because it appears to give the Commission the opportunity to
change the findings or proposed remedies or possibly to take other
action inconsistent with the original findings and proposed remedies.
The relevant language reads as follows: ``Upon issuance of a Commission
order that notes a finding or findings, with or without proposed
remedies, with which the audited person has disagreed, the audited
person may: Acquiesce in the findings and proposed remedies by not
timely responding to the Commission order, in which case the Commission
may issue an order approving them or taking other action * * *.''
2. Commission Determination
    29. The Commission declines to remove the words ``or taking other
action'' as Williston Basin requests. These words are needed to permit
the Commission flexibility to decline to adopt the finding or findings
or proposed remedy or remedies to which the audited person acquiesced
by not timely filing the required document. The Commission may revise
an audit report even where there is no party challenging the contents
of that report because the Commission must always discharge its
obligation to act consistent with the public interest according to its
statutory authority.\40\ An audited person who believes it is aggrieved
by a Commission order that changes an audit report in the circumstances
Williston Basin describes may seek rehearing of the Commission order.
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    \40\ For this reason, the Commission may revise or reject an
uncontested settlement. See Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Company, 95
F.3d 62, 64 (D.C. Cir. 1996) (``[W]e have held that the Commission
should approve an uncontested settlement `only upon a finding that
the settlement appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public
interest.' '' (Citation omitted.)); Alternative Dispute Resolution,
Order No. 578, 60 FR 19494 (Apr. 19, 1995), FERC Stats. & Regs. ]
31,018 at 31,331 (1995) (``[T]he Commission may refashion an
uncontested settlement to comport with the public interest * *
*.''); Carolina Power & Light Company, 51 FERC ] 61,403 (1990) (The
Commission rejected a provision of an uncontested settlement).
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H. Other Issues

    30. A number of commenters assert that a lack of clear rules causes
them to be surprised by new and changing regulatory requirements.
Despite good faith attempts at compliance, these commenters state, they
are subject to a ``gotcha'' approach to auditing that forces them to
meet ``moving target'' requirements. As noted above, while these and
similar comments regarding the audit process are outside the scope of
the proposed rule, the Commission believes that addressing them will
provide greater clarity to the agency's enforcement program.
1. Precedential Value of Audit Findings
a. Comments
    31. Several commenters ask the Commission to clarify whether audit
reports, settlements and orders on contested audit matters constitute
binding precedent for non-parties. EEI states that the Commission must
provide an opportunity for comment with respect to any requirement set
forth in an audit report, settlement or order on a contested audit
matter that the Commission proposes to make generally applicable.\41\
APGA asks the Commission to explain the precedential value of an audit
finding.\42\ Ameren urges that if the Commission seeks to impose
requirements or remedies imposed in an individual audit proceeding on
the regulated community in general, the Commission should proceed by a
separate generic proceeding that provides notice to the public and the
opportunity to comment.\43\ PNM-TNMP comments that the settlement of an
audit or investigation should not have precedential effect except as to
the settling entity.\44\
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    \41\ EEI initial comments at 6-7.
    \42\ APGA initial comments at 3.
    \43\ Ameren initial comments at 3.
    \44\ PNM-TNMP initial comments at 3.
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b. Commission Determination
    32. Unless the Commission expressly states it is making findings
that apply to other parties, an audit report and a Commission order
approving an uncontested audit report are not binding on entities other
than the audited person or persons who agreed not to contest the audit
report that the Commission approved. To this extent, such an order,
like an order approving an uncontested settlement, does not have
precedential value.\45\ The Commission routinely makes this point in
orders it issues approving stipulation and consent agreements in part
1b investigations.\46\ An uncontested audit report is similar to a
stipulation and consent agreement to the extent that the audited person
consents to the contents of the audit report. By contrast, a Commission
order to resolve a contested matter does have precedential effect.\47\
An audited person that selects the shortened procedure or the trial-
type hearing to resolve a dispute regarding an audit staff finding or
remedy is participating in a contested, on-the-record proceeding, and,
like any other such proceeding before the Commission, the legal
reasoning and conclusions of the resulting order apply to non-parties.
The Commission has substantial discretion to establish rules of general
application by adjudication and need not necessarily employ a separate
generic proceeding.\48\
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    \45\ See, e.g., United Municipal Distributors Group v. FERC, 732
F.2d 202, 207 n. 8 (D.C. Cir. 1984) (``The Commission's regulations
thus permit it to approve uncontested offers of settlement without a
determination on the merits that the rates approved are `just and
resonable.' The Commission's approval of an uncontested settlement
has no precedential value as settled practice.''); New York Power
Authority, 105 FERC ] 61,102 at P 87 (2003) (``It is well
established that settlements have no precedential value.''). See
also Kelley v. FERC, 96 F.3d 1482, 1490 (D.C. Cir. 1996) (collecting
cases).
    \46\ See. e.g., The Willliams Companies, 111 FERC ] 61,392 at
62,651 (2005) (``The Commission's approval of the Agreement does not
constitute precedent regarding any principle or issue in any
proceeding.'').
    \47\ See, e.g., Enbridge Pipelines (KPC), 102 FERC ] 61,310 at
n. 74 (2003) (a Commission order approving a contested settlement is
a legal precedent of the Commission).
    \48\ NLRB v. Bell Aerospace Corp., 416 U.S. 267, 294 (1974)
(``[A]djudicative cases may and do serve as vehicles for the
formulation of agency policies.''); SEC v. Chenery Corp., 332 U.S.
194, 203 (1947) (``[T]he choice made between proceeding by general
rule or by individual, ad hoc litigation is one that lies primarily
in the informed discretion of the administrative agency.'');
Michigan-Wisconsin Pipeline Co. v. FPC, 520 F.2d 84, 89 (D.C. Cir.
1975) (``[T]here is no question that the Commission may attach
precedential and even controlling weight to principles developed in
one proceeding and then apply them under appropriate circumstances
in a stare decisis manner.''); Pacific Gas and Electric Co. v. FPC,
506 F.2d 33, 38 (D.C. Cir. 1974) (``[A]gency may establish binding
policy through rulemaking procedures * * * or through adjudications
which constitute binding precedents.''); AEP Power Marketing, Inc.,
108 FERC ] 61,026 at P 187 (2004) (``Our decision to establish new
policy in the context of case-specific proceedings is clearly within
our authority.''); Investigation of Terms and Conditions of Public
Utility Market-Based Rate Authorizations, 103 FERC ] 61,349 at P 51
(2003) (``The Commission, moreover, is not limited to notice and
comment rulemaking to develop policy. Agencies generally are
permitted considerable discretion to choose whether to proceed by
rulemaking or by adjudication.'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Cooperation With Audit Staff
a. Comments
    33. Some commenters ask the Commission to clarify a number of
issues regarding cooperation of audited persons. EEI asserted that it
should not be considered a lack of cooperation for a company being
audited to seek to narrow the scope of information requests. EEI
requests that the Commission clarify whether the discussions with staff
of this nature

would indicate a lack of cooperation.\49\ EEI and Ameren also ask the
Commission to clarify that it does not demonstrate a lack of
cooperation to assert the attorney-client privilege in good faith.\50\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \49\ EEI initial comments at 12-14.
    \50\ EEI initial comments at 14; Ameren initial comments at 5.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Commission Determination
    34. On October 20, 2005, the Commission issued a policy statement
to provide guidance and regulatory certainty regarding the agency's
enforcement of the statutes, orders, rules and regulations it
administers.\51\ The Policy Statement addressed the factors the
Commission will take into account in determining remedies for
violations, including applying the enhanced civil penalty authority
provided by EPAct 2005. The Commission stressed that one of these
factors would be cooperation, which was discussed in a general sense
\52\ and described with respect to specific factors.\53\ The Commission
also addressed qualitative factors, such as wholehearted cooperation
and cooperation with respect to certain aspects yet not with
others.\54\ In addition, the Commission listed conduct that would
indicate a lack of cooperation.\55\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \51\ Enforcement of Statutes, Orders, Rules, and Regulations,
113 FERC ] 61,068 (2005).
    \52\ 113 FERC ] 61,068 at n.2.
    \53\ Id. at P 26.
    \54\ Id. at P 27.
    \55\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    35. In sum, the Policy Statement set forth that the Commission
expects cooperation, that the Commission will give consideration to
exemplary cooperation, i.e., ``cooperation which quickly ends wrongful
conduct, determines the facts, and corrects a problem,'' \56\ and that
a lack of cooperation would be weighed in deciding appropriate remedies
for non-compliance.\57\ The Commission did not suggest that efforts by
an audited person taken in good faith to resolve issues that arise in
the course of an audit would be construed as evidence of non-
cooperation. Where an audited person believes that data requests create
a substantial burden that could be relieved by limiting the scope of
the request, by the audited person providing other information that
would achieve the same purpose, or by some other resolution that would
satisfy audit staff, an audited person is not failing to cooperate if
it suggests changes to, or narrowing of, the data requests. Similarly,
an audited person who appropriately interposes the attorney-client
privilege will not be considered non-cooperative. However, the
interposition of the privilege where it does not apply and that is
designed to frustrate audit staff's efforts to obtain information could
be evidence of non-cooperation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \56\ Id. at P 26.
    \57\ Id. at P 26-27.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Public Treatment of Contested Audit Matters
a. Comments
    36. Two commenters ask the Commission to keep information regarding
contested audit matters confidential. Ameren asserts that the
Commission should ensure that all contested audit proceedings remain
completely confidential until a final Commission determination has been
made. Ameren also asks the Commission to clarify that, if an audited
company challenges any of the audit staff's proposed findings under the
contested audit procedures, the Commission not issue a notice or other
statement releasing any proposed staff findings or remedies to the
public. Instead, Ameren urges that any additional paper or formal
hearing procedures on the contested audit findings should be kept
confidential until a final determination is made by the Commission.
Ameren notes that the public release of proposed remedies could have an
immediate and harmful impact on the audited person's stock price or
credit rating.\58\ Williston Basin asks the Commission to clarify that
the notice setting a schedule for the filing of memoranda be non-
public.\59\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \58\ Ameren initial comments at 5-6.
    \59\ Williston Basin initial comments at 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Commission Determination
    37. All Commission issuances regarding the resolution of contested
audit matters under the Final Rule will be public. A brief statement of
the relevant processes under the Final Rule at this juncture will help
inform this discussion. In instances in which the audited person and
the audit staff are unable to agree upon the findings and proposed
remedies contained in a draft audit report, the following steps occur:
     The audited person may provide in writing to the audit
staff a response to the draft audit report indicating any and all
findings or proposed remedies, or both, in any combination, with which
the audited person disagrees.
     The audit staff communicates this response to the
Commission along with the proposed final audit report. At this point,
the Commission may direct the audit staff to undertake further
analysis, obtain further information from the audited person, or take
other action. The audited person's response indicating disputed
findings or proposed remedies becomes public when the audit report
becomes public, i.e., at the time the Commission issues an order on the
merits of the final audit report.
     The Commission may make determinations on the merits in a
public order with respect to the findings and proposed remedies
contained in the audit report that are not in dispute and will publicly
notice the disputed items. The order will not constitute final agency
action with respect to the disputed items and will provide the audited
person the opportunity to elect in writing the shortened procedure
(submission of briefs) or the trial-type hearing by a date certain.
     If the audited person does not respond within 30 days to
the notice, the Commission may issue an order on the merits regarding
the noticed items. Alternatively, the audited person may timely respond
to the notice in a public filing by electing in writing the shortened
procedure or the trial-type hearing.
     If the audited person makes a timely election, the
Commission will honor the election (unless a trial-type proceeding is
chosen and there are in the Commission's judgment no disputed issues of
material fact requiring a trial-type hearing) and issue a public notice
setting the schedule for submission of memoranda, in the case of the
shortened procedure, or referring the matter to the Chief
Administrative Law Judge, in the case of the trial-type hearing.
    38. The Commission is aware that noticed findings or proposed
remedies may have financial consequences for an audited person. The
public has an appropriate interest, however, in seeing the Commission's
resolution of disputed, jurisdictional matters before it. Regulated
companies may need to be aware of Commission determinations regarding
disputed audit matters to comply with Commission requirements. Further,
the Commission must publicly notice the disputed audit findings or
proposed remedies to provide potential interested parties an
opportunity to determine whether to participate in the contested audit
procedures. The audited person's response and the Commission's notice
establishing a briefing schedule or beginning a trial-type hearing must
also be public to enable potential interested parties to participate in
the proceeding. Nevertheless, audited persons may seek to file
proprietary materials with a request for confidential treatment under
section 388.112 of the

Commission's regulations.\60\ Parties appearing before the Commission
and its administrative law judges may also seek protective orders to
protect the confidentiality of information. These methods of keeping
information non-public are adequate for the purposes of the Final Rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \60\ 18 CFR 388.112 (2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Applicability of part 1b of the Commission's Regulations to Audits
a. Comments
    39. Three commenters request clarification regarding the role that
part 1b of the Commission's regulations plays in audits.\61\ These
commenters ask the Commission to clarify that any new rule will not
modify existing protections regarding investigations that are provided
in part 1b of the Commission's regulations.\62\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \61\ 18 CFR part 1b (2005).
    \62\ See Ameren initial comments at 7; EEI initial comments at
15; INGAA reply comments at 3-4, 7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    40. In addition, EEI states that audited persons are uncertain as
to whether the operational audits constitute part 1b investigations or
whether part 1b investigations are separate and apart from the
operational audits and the proposed procedures. EEI asserts that if
audits are not conducted pursuant to part 1b, the Commission must
establish procedures that define the rights of an audited person. In
particular, EEI claims that new procedures are needed to both ensure
the confidentiality of the audited person's proprietary or otherwise
sensitive information during an audit and when the audited person
contests the findings or remedies proposed by the audit staff. EEI
calls on the Commission to issue a policy statement, with an
opportunity for public comment, to establish the appropriate
relationship between the audit staff and the enforcement staff during
an audit, consistent with separations of functions requirements.\63\
EEI also seeks clarification regarding when audit staff may communicate
with an audited person's employees without an attorney present and how
the right to have an attorney present changes during the audit process,
shortened and trial-type procedures, and part 1b investigations.\64\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \63\ EEI initial comments at 8-11.
    \64\ EEI initial comments at 11.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    41. INGAA also asks the Commission to clarify whether audits are
conducted under part 1b of its regulations.\65\ In addition, Ameren
asks the Commission to confirm that any new rule resulting from the
NOPR will not modify existing confidentiality protections that are
provided in part 1b.\66\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \65\ INGAA reply comments at 3-4, 7.
    \66\ Ameren initial comments at 7.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Commission Determination
    42. Although not directly related to this rulemaking proceeding, we
address the concerns about the role of investigations with respect to
audits as part of the Commission's recent efforts to clarify its
enforcement program. Investigations and audits are distinct methods the
Commission uses to determine and address compliance with its
requirements. Part 1b applies to investigations and not to audits.\67\
Audits are conducted pursuant to the authority conferred in FPA section
301,\68\ NGA section 8,\69\ NGPA section 504 \70\ and ICA sections 20
and 204(a)(6).\71\ The Commission's audit staff routinely informs the
subject of an audit in an initial letter that an audit has commenced
pursuant to specific statutory authority. Similarly, the Commission's
enforcement staff routinely informs the subject of an investigation in
an initial letter that an investigation has commenced pursuant to part
1b of the Commission's regulations. The Commission's practice is that
audits begin with issuance of a public commencement letter and end with
issuance of a public audit report. By contrast, investigations
undertaken pursuant to part 1b begin and end without notice to the
public, unless the Commission orders otherwise. The Final Rule will not
affect investigations conducted under part 1b.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \67\ 18 CFR 1b.2 (2005).
    \68\ 16 U.S.C. 825 (2000).
    \69\ 15 U.S.C. 717g (2000).
    \70\ 15 U.S.C. 3415 (2000).
    \71\ 49 U.S.C. App. 20 and 204(a)(6) (2000).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    43. It is not necessary, as EEI asserts, for the Commission to
establish new procedures that define the rights of audited persons to
ensure the confidentiality of the audited person's sensitive
information. Audited persons provide information to the audit staff on
a non-public basis. In that regard, the FPA specifies that ``[n]o
member, officer, or employee of the Commission shall divulge any fact
or information which may come to his knowledge during the course of
examination of books or other accounts, as hereinbefore provided,
except insofar as he may be directed by the Commission or by a court.''
\72\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \72\ See FPA section 301(b), 16 U.S.C. 825(b) (2000). See also
NGA section 8(b), 15 U.S.C. 717g(b) (2000). The Commission's
regulations reiterate that requirement. 18 CFR 3c.2(a) (2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    44. No new procedures are required to establish the relationship
between audit staff and enforcement staff. Information obtained in an
audit may be shared with Commission staff conducting a related
investigation.\73\ This sharing is appropriate to effectively enforce
compliance with the Commission's rules and regulations. This sharing of
information promotes efficiency; it would be pointless to require an
audited person to produce the same information twice. Further, the
knowledge that an audit may lead to an investigation should encourage
entities subject to the Commission's jurisdiction to volunteer the
existence of violations and to cooperate to the maximum extent
practicable to expose and remedy misconduct promptly.\74\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \73\ Trans Alaska Pipeline System, 9 FERC ] 61,205 (1979). See
also The House Committee Report on the Government in the Sunshine
Act, Pub. L. 94-409 (1976), which amended the Administrative
Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 500 et seq. (2000), discussing the scope of
ex parte prohibitions, states in part that ``[t]he rule forbids ex
parte communications between interested persons outside the agency
and agency decisionmakers * * *. Communications solely between
agency employees are excluded from the section's prohibitions.''
1976 U.S.C.C.A.N. 2183, 2202.
    \74\ Enforcement of Statutes, Orders, Rules, and Regulations,
113 FERC ] 61,068 at P 26-27 (2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    45. The Commission has explained that the same person on its staff
may perform more than one function ``provided (1) such combination
enhances the Commission's understanding of energy markets and related
issues; and (2) parties in individual proceedings appear to and
actually receive a fair and impartial adjudication of their claims.''
\75\ The Commission has further specified that ``[u]nless an
investigator is assigned to serve as a litigator, she may freely speak
to persons inside the Commission about an investigation * * *.'' \76\
The same observation holds true for an auditor, or, indeed, for a
person on Commission staff who works on audits and investigations.
Prior to a matter becoming an on-the-record proceeding, i.e., while it
is still an audit or investigation, the separations of functions rule
set forth in section 2202 of the Commission's Rules of Practice and
Procedure \77\ does not apply.\78\ Of course, if the Commission permits
an interested entity to intervene in the shortened procedure with
respect to a disputed issue, the Commission's ex parte rule would
apply.\79\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \75\ Separation of Functions, 101 FERC ] 61,340 at P 1 (2002).
    \76\ Id. at P 26.
    \77\ 18 CFR 385.2202 (2005).
    \78\ 101 FERC ] 61,340 at P 26.
    \79\ 18 CFR 385.2201 (2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    46. Finally, with respect to EEI's request for clarification
regarding when an attorney may be present during employee interviews,
the Commission

agrees that an audited person's employees may have counsel present at
any time, during any part of an audit.
5. Best Practices
a. Comments
    47. Several commenters express concern about the role of ``best
practices'' in the audit process. EEI states that the audit staff has
developed and utilized a non-public list of best practices in its
audits for Standards of Conduct and Code of Conduct compliance. EEI
further states that best practices are not necessarily regulatory
requirements and that on a cost-benefits basis, best practices may not
be warranted.\80\ Ameren states that audit reports have recommended
certain best practices for Standards of Conduct compliance even though
the actual rules do not require that companies use these practices to
comply with the Standards of Conduct.\81\ PNM-TNMP states that the
audit staff comments and previously issued audit reports should not be
a basis for a best practices requirement.\82\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \80\ EEI initial comments at 4-6.
    \81\ Ameren initial comments at 3.
    \82\ PNM-TNMP initial comments at 3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Commission Determination
    48. The Commission acknowledges that because a practice was
successfully implemented by one audited person does not necessarily
mean that practice will be a good fit elsewhere. Practices that
companies implement to improve compliance may serve as useful
references, but they are not binding on others. For example, experience
has shown that the taking of minutes at meetings in which transmission
function and energy affiliate employees are present may be useful to
address and prevent Standards of Conduct violations. However, taking
minutes at such meetings is not a requirement. For some audited
persons, the presence of a compliance officer may be sufficient, or
other measures may be adopted that are equally effective. There is
often not a one-size-fits-all response to help ensure compliance. The
Commission does not intend to bind all companies to adhere to a remedy
that one company may have adopted. A person need only comply with
Commission requirements.
    49. The staff does not have a non-public list of best practices as
EEI suggests. The audit staff, however, has observed a broad array of
company practices that address and prevent violations of Commission
requirements with varying degrees of effectiveness. Some of these
company practices are reflected in Frequently Answered Questions (FAQs)
on the Commission's Web site.\83\ There, the Commission staff has
provided detailed responses to many FAQs about the process and
substance of financial and operational audits. These responses include
company practices that may be appropriate in some circumstances. They
are not, however, intended to be new legal requirements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \83\ http:/www.ferc.gov/legal/maj-ord-reg/land-docs/stand-cond/stand-cond-faqs.pdf
.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Audit Cycles
a. Comments
    50. LG&E encourages the Commission to consider promulgating audit
cycles for most of what LG&E refers to as the Commission's ``standard''
audits. For example, LG&E suggests that compliance with wholesale fuel
adjustment clauses might occur on a three-year cycle.\84\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \84\ LG&E initial comments at 3-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Commission Determination
    51. The Commission declines to adopt LG&E's suggestion. The audit
staff does not necessarily commence audits based on a schedule. The
audit staff selects companies and subjects to audit based on a variety
of factors.
7. Auditing Standards
a. Comments
    52. LG&E encourages the Commission to develop or adopt auditing
standards for all audits.
b. Commission Determination
    53. The audit staff adheres to auditing standards.\85\ The audit
staff follows Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards as
prescribed by the Comptroller General of the United States.\86\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \85\ Government Auditing Standards, 2003 Version issued by the
Comptroller General of the United States, June 2003.
    \86\ http://www.gao.gov/govaud/yb2003.pdf.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Information Collection Statement

    54. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) regulations require OMB
to approve certain information collection requirements imposed by
agency rule.\87\ The Final Rule does not contain any information
collection requirements and compliance with the OMB regulations is thus
not required.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \87\ 5 CFR 11320.12 (2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

V. Environmental Analysis

    55. The Commission is required to prepare an Environmental
Assessment or an Environmental Impact Statement for any action that may
have a significant adverse effect on the human environment.\88\ The
Commission has categorically excluded certain actions from this
requirement as not having a significant effect on the human
environment. Included in the exclusion are rules that are clarifying,
corrective, or procedural or that do not substantially change the
effect of the regulations being amended.\89\ The Final Rule is
procedural in nature and therefore falls under this exception;
consequently, no environmental consideration is necessary.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \88\ Order No. 486, 52 FR 47897 (Dec. 17, 1987), FERC Stats. &
Regs. ] 30,783 (1987) (Codified at 18 CFR part 380 (2005)).
    \89\ 18 CFR 380.4(a)(2)(ii) (2005).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

VI. Regulatory Flexibility Act Certification

    56. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 \90\ generally requires
a description and analysis of final rules that will have significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The
Commission is not required to make such analyses if a rule would not
have such an effect. The Commission certifies that the Final Rule will
not have such an impact on small entities. The Final Rule is procedural
only, expands due process rights of certain audited persons and does
not involve additional filing or recordkeeping requirements or any
similar burden. By providing an additional due process opportunity, the
Commission has enhanced benefits to small entities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \90\ 5 U.S.C. 601-612 (2000).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

VII. Document Availability

    57. In addition to publishing the full text of this document in the
Federal Register, the Commission provides all interested persons an
opportunity to view and/or print the contents of this document via the
Internet through FERC's home page http://www.ferc.gov and the FERC's

Public Reference Room during normal business hours (8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m.
eastern time) at 888 First Street, NE., Room 2A, Washington, DC 20426.
    58. From FERC's home page on the Internet, this information is
available in the Commission's document management system, eLibrary. The
full text of this document is available on eLibrary in PDF and
Microsoft Word format for viewing, printing, and/or downloading. To
access this document in eLibrary, type the docket number excluding the
last three digits of this document in the docket number field.
    59. User assistance is available for eLibrary and the FERC's Web
site during normal business hours. For assistance, please contact FERC
Online Support at 1-866-208-3676 (toll free) or

202-502-6652 (e-mail at FERCOnlineSupport@ferc.gov), or the Public
Reference Room at<PHONE_NUMBER>, TTY<PHONE_NUMBER> (e-mail at
public.reference@ferc.gov).

VIII. Effective Date

    60. These regulations are effective March 29, 2006.
    61. The provisions of 5 U.S.C. 801 regarding Congressional review
of Final Rules does not apply to the Final Rule because the rule
concerns agency procedure and practice and will not substantively
affect the rights of non-agency parties.

List of Subjects

18 CFR Part 41

    Administrative practice and procedure, Electric utilities,
Reporting and recordkeeping, Uniform System of Accounts.

18 CFR Part 158

    Administrative practice and procedure, Natural gas, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Uniform System of Accounts.

18 CFR Part 286

    Administrative practice and procedure, Natural gas, Price controls.

18 CFR Part 349

    Administrative practice and procedure, Pipelines.

    By the Commission.
Magalie R. Salas,
Secretary.

0
In consideration of the foregoing, the Commission amends parts 41, 158
and 286, and adds part 349, Chapter I, Title 18, of the Code of Federal
Regulations, as follows:

PART 41--ACCOUNTS, RECORDS, MEMORANDA AND DISPOSITION OF CONTESTED
AUDIT FINDINGS AND PROPOSED REMEDIES

0
1. The authority citation for part 41 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 791a-825r, 2601-2645; 42 U.S.C. 7101-7352.

0
2. The heading of part 41 is revised to read as set forth above.

0
3. Sections 41.1, 41.2 and 41.3 and the undesignated center heading
preceding them are revised to read as follows:

Disposition of Contested Audit Findings and Proposed Remedies

Sec.  41.1  Notice to audited person.

    (a) Applicability. This part applies to all audits conducted by the
Commission or its staff under authority of the Federal Power Act except
for Electric Reliability Organization audits conducted pursuant to the
authority of part 39 of this chapter.
    (b) Notice. An audit conducted by the Commission's staff under
authority of the Federal Power Act may result in a notice of deficiency
or audit report or similar document containing a finding or findings
that the audited person has not complied with a requirement of the
Commission with respect to, but not limited to, the following: A filed
tariff or tariffs, contracts, data, records, accounts, books,
communications or papers relevant to the audit of the audited person;
matters under the Standards of Conduct or the Code of Conduct; and the
activities or operations of the audited person. The notice of
deficiency, audit report or similar document may also contain one or
more proposed remedies that address findings of noncompliance. Where
such findings, with or without proposed remedies, appear in a notice of
deficiency, audit report or similar document, such document shall be
provided to the audited person, and the finding or findings, and any
proposed remedies, shall be noted and explained. The audited person
shall timely indicate in a written response any and all findings or
proposed remedies, or both, in any combination, with which the audited
person disagrees. Any initial order that the Commission subsequently
may issue with respect to the notice of deficiency, audit report or
similar document shall note, but not address on the merits, the finding
or findings, or the proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which the audited person disagreed. The Commission
shall provide the audited person 30 days to respond with respect to the
finding or findings or any proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which it disagreed.

Sec.  41.2  Response to notification.

    Upon issuance of a Commission order that notes a finding or
findings, or proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any combination,
with which the audited person has disagreed, the audited person may:
Acquiesce in the findings and/or proposed remedies by not timely
responding to the Commission order, in which case the Commission may
issue an order approving them or taking other action; or challenge the
finding or findings and/or any proposed remedies, with which it
disagreed by timely notifying the Commission in writing that it
requests Commission review by means of a shortened procedure or, if
there are material facts in dispute which require cross-examination, a
trial-type hearing.

Sec.  41.3  Shortened procedure.

    If the audited person subject to a Commission order described in
Sec.  41.1 notifies the Commission that it seeks to challenge one or
more audit findings, or proposed remedies, or both, in any combination,
by the shortened procedure, the Commission shall thereupon issue a
notice setting a schedule for the filing of memoranda. The person
electing the use of the shortened procedure, and any other interested
entities, including the Commission staff, shall file, within 45 days of
the notice, an initial memorandum that addresses the relevant facts and
applicable law that support the position or positions taken regarding
the matters at issue. Reply memoranda shall be filed within 20 days of
the date by which the initial memoranda are due to be filed. Only
participants who filed initial memoranda may file reply memoranda.
Subpart T of part 385 of this chapter shall apply to all filings.
Within 20 days after the last date that reply memoranda under the
shortened procedure may be timely filed, the audited person who elected
the shortened procedure may file a motion with the Commission
requesting a trial-type hearing if new issues are raised by a party. To
prevail in such a motion, the audited person must show that a party to
the shortened procedure raised one or more new issues of material fact
relevant to resolution of a matter in the shortened procedure such that
fundamental fairness requires a trial-type hearing to resolve the new
issue or issues so raised. Parties to the shortened procedure and the
Commission staff may file responses to the motion. In ruling upon the
motion, the Commission may determine that some or all of the issues be
litigated in a trial-type hearing.

PART 158--ACCOUNTS, RECORDS, MEMORANDA AND DISPOSITION OF CONTESTED
AUDIT FINDINGS AND PROPOSED REMEDIES

0
4. The authority citation for part 158 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 15 U.S.C. 717-717w, 3301-3432; 42 U.S.C. 7102-7352.

0
5. The heading of part 158 is revised to read as set forth above.

0
6. Sections 158.1, 158.2 and 158.3 and the undesignated center heading
preceding them are revised to read as follows:

Disposition of Contested Audit Findings and Proposed Remedies

Sec.  158.1  Notice to audited person.

    An audit conducted by the Commission's staff under authority of the
Natural Gas Act may result in a notice of deficiency or audit report or
similar document containing a finding or findings that the audited
person has not complied with a requirement of the Commission with
respect to, but not limited to, the following: A filed tariff or
tariffs, contracts, data, records, accounts, books, communications or
papers relevant to the audit of the audited person; matters under the
Standards of Conduct or the Code of Conduct; and the activities or
operations of the audited person. The notice of deficiency, audit
report or similar document may also contain one or more proposed
remedies that address findings of noncompliance. Where such findings,
with or without proposed remedies, appear in a notice of deficiency,
audit report or similar document, such document shall be provided to
the audited person, and the finding or findings, and any proposed
remedies, shall be noted and explained. The audited person shall timely
indicate in a written response any and all findings or proposed
remedies, or both, in any combination, with which the audited person
disagrees. Any initial order that the Commission subsequently may issue
with respect to the notice of deficiency, audit report or similar
document shall note, but not address on the merits, the finding or
findings, or the proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which the audited person disagreed. The Commission
shall provide the audited person 30 days to respond with respect to the
finding or findings or any proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which it disagreed.

Sec.  158.2  Response to notification.

    Upon issuance of a Commission order that notes a finding or
findings, or proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any combination,
with which the audited person has disagreed, the audited person may:
Acquiesce in the findings and/or proposed remedies by not timely
responding to the Commission order, in which case the Commission may
issue an order approving them or taking other action; or challenge the
finding or findings and/or any proposed remedies, with which it
disagreed by timely notifying the Commission in writing that it
requests Commission review by means of a shortened procedure or, if
there are material facts in dispute which require cross-examination, a
trial-type hearing.

Sec.  158.3  Shortened procedure.

    If the audited person subject to a Commission order described in
Sec.  158.1 notifies the Commission that it seeks to challenge one or
more audit findings, or proposed remedies, or both, in any combination,
by the shortened procedure, the Commission shall thereupon issue a
notice setting a schedule for the filing of memoranda. The person
electing the use of the shortened procedure, and any other interested
entities, including the Commission staff, shall file, within 45 days of
the notice, an initial memorandum that addresses the relevant facts and
applicable law that support the position or positions taken regarding
the matters at issue. Reply memoranda shall be filed within 20 days of
the date by which the initial memoranda are due to be filed. Only
participants who filed initial memoranda may file reply memoranda.
Subpart T of part 385 of this chapter shall apply to all filings.
Within 20 days after the last date that reply memoranda under the
shortened procedure may be timely filed, the audited person who elected
the shortened procedure may file a motion with the Commission
requesting a trial-type hearing if new issues are raised by a party. To
prevail in such a motion, the audited person must show that a party to
the shortened procedure raised one or more new issues of material fact
relevant to resolution of a matter in the shortened procedure such that
fundamental fairness requires a trial-type hearing to resolve the new
issue or issues so raised. Parties to the shortened procedure and the
Commission staff may file responses to the motion. In ruling upon the
motion, the Commission may determine that some or all of the eissues be
litigated in a trial-type hearing.

PART 286--ACCOUNTS, RECORDS, MEMORANDA AND DISPOSITION OF CONTESTED
AUDIT FINDINGS AND PROPOSED REMEDIES

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7. The authority citation for part 286 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.; 15 U.S.C. 717-717w, 3301-3432;
42 U.S.C. 7102-7352.

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8. The heading of part 286 is revised to read as set forth above.
0
9. Sections 286.103 through 286.109 and a new undesignated center
heading preceding them are added to read as follows:

Disposition of Contested Audit Findings and Proposed Remedies

Sec.  286.103  Notice to audited person.

    An audit conducted by the Commission's staff under authority of the
Natural Gas Policy Act may result in a notice of deficiency or audit
report or similar document containing a finding or findings that the
audited person has not complied with a requirement of the Commission
with respect to, but not limited to, the following: A filed tariff or
tariffs, contracts, data, records, accounts, books, communications or
papers relevant to the audit of the audited person; matters under the
Standards of Conduct or the Code of Conduct; and the activities or
operations of the audited person. The notice of deficiency, audit
report or similar document may also contain one or more proposed
remedies that address findings of noncompliance. Where such findings,
with or without proposed remedies, appear in a notice of deficiency,
audit report or similar document, such document shall be provided to
the audited person, and the finding or findings, and any proposed
remedies, shall be noted and explained. The audited person shall timely
indicate in a written response any and all findings or proposed
remedies, or both, in any combination, with which the audited person
disagrees. Any initial order that the Commission subsequently may issue
with respect to the notice of deficiency, audit report or similar
document shall note, but not address on the merits, the finding or
findings, or the proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which the audited person disagreed. The Commission
shall provide the audited person 30 days to respond with respect to the
finding or findings or any proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which it disagreed.

Sec.  286.104  Response to notification.

    Upon issuance of a Commission order that notes a finding or
findings, with or without proposed remedies, with which the audited
person has disagreed, the audited person may: Acquiesce in the findings
and proposed remedies by not timely responding to the Commission order,
in which case the Commission may issue an order approving them or
taking other action; or challenge the finding or findings and any
proposed remedies with which it disagreed by timely notifying the
Commission in writing that it requests Commission review by means of a
shortened procedure, or, if there are material facts in dispute which
require cross-examination, a trial-type hearing.

Sec.  286.105  Shortened procedure.

    If the audited person subject to a Commission order described in
Sec.  286.103 notifies the Commission that it seeks to challenge one or
more audit findings, or proposed remedies, or both, in any combination,
by the shortened procedure, the Commission shall thereupon issue a
notice setting a schedule for the filing of memoranda. The person
electing the use of the shortened procedure, and any other interested
entities, including the Commission staff, shall file, within 45 days of
the notice, an initial memorandum that addresses the relevant facts and
applicable law that support the position or positions taken regarding
the matters at issue. Reply memoranda shall be filed within 20 days of
the date by which the initial memoranda are due to be filed. Only
participants who filed initial memoranda may file reply memoranda.
Subpart T of part 385 of this chapter shall apply to all filings.
Within 20 days after the last date that reply memoranda under the
shortened procedure may be timely filed, the audited person who elected
the shortened procedure may file a motion with the Commission
requesting a trial-type hearing if new issues are raised by a party. To
prevail in such a motion, the audited person must show that a party to
the shortened procedure raised one or more new issues of material fact
relevant to resolution of a matter in the shortened procedure such that
fundamental fairness requires a trial-type hearing to resolve the new
issue or issues so raised. Parties to the shortened procedure and the
Commission staff may file responses to the motion. In ruling upon the
motion, the Commission may determine that some or all of the issues be
litigated in a trial-type hearing.

Sec.  286.106  Form and style.

    Each copy of such memorandum must be complete in itself. All
pertinent data should be set forth fully, and each memorandum should
set out the facts and argument as prescribed for briefs in Sec.
385.706 of this chapter.

Sec.  286.107  Verification.

    The facts stated in the memorandum must be sworn to by persons
having knowledge thereof, which latter fact must affirmatively appear
in the affidavit. Except under unusual circumstances, such persons
should be those who would appear as witnesses if hearing were had to
testify as to the facts stated in the memorandum.

Sec.  286.108  Determination.

    If no formal hearing is had the matter in issue will be determined
by the Commission on the basis of the facts and arguments submitted.

Sec.  286.109  Assignment for oral hearing.

    Except when there are no material facts in dispute, when a person
does not consent to the shortened procedure, the Commission will assign
the proceeding for hearing as provided by subpart E of part 385 of this
chapter. Notwithstanding a person's not giving consent to the shortened
procedure, and instead seeking assignment for hearing as provided for
by subpart E of part 385 of this chapter, the Commission will not
assign the proceeding for a hearing when no material facts are in
dispute. The Commission may also, in its discretion, at any stage in
the proceeding, set the proceeding for hearing.

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10. Part 349 is added to Subchapter P to read as follows:

PART 349--DISPOSITION OF CONTESTED AUDIT FINDINGS AND PROPOSED
REMEDIES

Sec.
349.1 Notice to audited person.
349.2 Response to notification.
349.3 Shortened procedure.
349.4 Form and style.
349.5 Verification.
349.6 Determination.
349.7 Assignment for oral hearing.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7101-7352; 49 U.S.C. 1, et seq.

Sec.  349.1  Notice to audited person.

    An audit conducted by the Commission or its staff under authority
of the Interstate Commerce Act may result in a notice of deficiency or
audit report or similar document containing a finding or findings that
the audited person has not complied with a requirement of the
Commission with respect to, but not limited to, the following: A filed
tariff or tariffs, contracts, data, records, accounts, books,
communications or papers relevant to the audit of the audited person;
and the activities or operations of the audited person. The notice of
deficiency, audit report or similar document may also contain one or
more proposed remedies that address findings of noncompliance. Where
such findings, with or without proposed remedies, appear in a notice of
deficiency, audit report or similar document, such document shall be
provided to the audited person, and the finding or findings, and any
proposed remedies, shall be noted and explained. The audited person
shall timely indicate in a written response any and all findings or
proposed remedies, or both, in any combination, with which the audited
person disagrees. Any initial order that the Commission subsequently
may issue with respect to the notice of deficiency, audit report or
similar document shall note, but not address on the merits, the finding
or findings, or the proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which the audited person disagreed. The Commission
shall provide the audited person 30 days to respond with respect to the
finding or findings or any proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, with which it disagreed.

Sec.  349.2  Response to notification.

    Upon issuance of a Commission order that notes a finding or
findings, or proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any combination,
with which the audited person has disagreed, the audited person may:
Acquiesce in the findings and/or proposed remedies by not timely
responding to the Commission order, in which case the Commission may
issue an order approving them or taking other action; or challenge the
finding or findings and/or any proposed remedies with which it
disagreed by timely notifying the Commission in writing that it
requests Commission review by means of a shortened procedure, or, if
there are material facts in dispute which require cross-examination, a
trial-type hearing.

Sec.  349.3  Shortened procedure.

    If the audited person subject to a Commission order described in
Sec.  349.1 notifies the Commission that it seeks to challenge one or
more audit findings, or proposed remedy or remedies, or both, in any
combination, by the shortened procedure, the Commission shall thereupon
issue a notice setting a schedule for the filing of memoranda. The
person electing the use of the shortened procedure, and any other
interested entities, including the Commission staff, shall file, within
45 days of the notice, an initial memorandum that addresses the
relevant facts and applicable law that support the position or
positions taken regarding the matters at issue. Reply memoranda shall
be filed within 20 days of the date by which the initial memoranda are
due to be filed. Only participants who filed initial memoranda may file
reply memoranda. Subpart T of part 385 of this chapter shall apply to
all filings. Within 20 days after the last date that reply memoranda
under the shortened procedure may be timely filed, the audited person
who elected the shortened procedure may

file a motion with the Commission requesting a trial-type hearing if
new issues are raised by a party. To prevail in such a motion, the
audited person must show that a party to the shortened procedure raised
one or more new issues of material fact relevant to resolution of a
matter in the shortened procedure such that fundamental fairness
requires a trial-type hearing to resolve the new issue or issues so
raised. Parties to the shortened procedure and the Commission staff may
file responses to the motion. In ruling upon the motion, the Commission
may determine that some or all of the issues be litigated in a trial-
type hearing.

Sec.  349.4  Form and style.

    Each copy of such memorandum must be complete in itself. All
pertinent data should be set forth fully, and each memorandum should
set out the facts and argument as prescribed for briefs in Sec.
385.706 of this chapter.

Sec.  349.5  Verification.

    The facts stated in the memorandum must be sworn to by persons
having knowledge thereof, which latter fact must affirmatively appear
in the affidavit. Except under unusual circumstances, such persons
should be those who would appear as witnesses if hearing were had to
testify as to the facts stated in the memorandum.

Sec.  349.6  Determination.

    If no formal hearing is had the matter in issue will be determined
by the Commission on the basis of the facts and arguments submitted.

Sec.  349.7  Assignment for oral hearing.

    Except when there are no material facts in dispute, when a person
does not consent to the shortened procedure, the Commission will assign
the proceeding for hearing as provided by subpart E of part 385 of this
chapter. Notwithstanding a person's not giving consent to the shortened
procedure, and instead seeking assignment for hearing as provided for
by subpart E of part 385 of this chapter, the Commission will not
assign the proceeding for a hearing when no material facts are in
dispute. The Commission may also, in its discretion, at any stage in
the proceeding, set the proceeding for hearing.

[FR Doc. 06-1765 Filed 2-24-06; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6717-01-P