NOTE: All majors total includes fields not shown separately. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Longitudinal Study of 1972; High School and Beyond; and Baccalaureate and Beyond survey. ( This table was prepared January 1999.) 356 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: OUTCOMES Table 312.   Percent of colleges and universities using various selection criteria for admission, by type and control of institution: 1990   91 to 1999   2000 Selection criteria All institutions Public institutions Private institutions Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year Not for profit For profit Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 High school diploma 1990   91 ................................................................ 91.6 94.2 88.3 88.9 96.0 84.9 94.1 93.4 96.0 93.7 93.4 95.6 95.7 92.9 96.3 1995   96 ................................................................ 91.4 93.9 88.1 88.2 95.8 84.1 94.3 93.1 98.3 93.4 92.7 97.8 98.5 98.0 98.7 1997   98 ................................................................ 92.3 94.6 89.7 88.2 96.5 83.8 95.6 93.9 99.4 94.2 93.6 98.9 98.9 96.5 99.6 1998   99 ................................................................ 92.4 94.9 89.4 88.2 97.0 83.6 95.6 94.1 99.1 94.3 93.7 98.8 98.6 97.0 99.2 1999   2000 ............................................................ 92.6 95.1 89.6 88.4 97.0 83.7 95.8 94.3 99.2 94.5 94.0 98.7 98.7 96.6 99.4 High school class class standing 1990   91 ................................................................ 43.4 66.1 13.5 31.7 69.5 10.3 53.7 64.7 20.7 63.6 67.2 35.8 11.7 10.7 11.9 1995   96 ................................................................ 42.8 65.0 12.8 30.6 71.4 8.4 53.7 62.4 24.0 63.0 66.6 37.5 11.8 8.8 13.2 1997   98 ................................................................ 38.5 63.3 10.0 28.8 69.9 7.4 46.2 60.6 14.5 62.1 66.3 31.6 8.5 9.8 8.1 1998   99 ................................................................ 38.1 62.5 9.1 28.2 68.9 6.6 45.7 60.0 13.4 62.4 66.5 29.9 8.2 9.6 7.7 1999   2000 ............................................................ 37.6 61.7 8.6 28.1 68.4 6.4 44.8 59.2 12.3 62.6 66.1 32.0 6.8 7.9 6.4 Admissions test scores 1990   91 ................................................................ 68.8 86.5 45.6 59.2 93.1 40.0 77.3 83.7 58.3 82.6 85.4 61.0 54.9 46.4 56.7 1995   96 ................................................................ 68.3 84.3 46.7 58.7 93.1 40.0 76.8 80.7 63.6 80.4 82.6 64.7 60.9 56.9 62.7 1997   98 ................................................................ 66.9 83.7 47.4 57.2 92.4 38.7 74.5 80.3 61.8 80.7 82.8 65.5 59.9 58.0 60.4 1998   99 ................................................................ 67.9 84.1 48.6 58.4 92.2 40.4 75.2 81.0 62.1 81.7 83.7 65.9 60.6 59.9 60.8 1999   2000 ............................................................ 68.1 84.3 48.8 58.3 92.8 39.8 75.6 81.0 63.6 82.2 83.7 69.3 61.5 60.7 61.8 TOEFL or equivalent 1990   91 ................................................................ 73.5 85.0 58.4 76.1 88.2 69.3 71.1 83.7 33.6 81.4 84.5 57.2 27.6 66.1 19.6 1995   96 ................................................................ 76.5 87.1 62.3 77.5 91.5 69.8 75.7 85.2 43.2 81.9 85.6 55.4 47.9 80.4 33.3 1997   98 ................................................................ 71.8 86.5 54.8 76.5 91.9 68.4 68.0 84.4 32.3 82.4 86.1 55.4 34.0 68.5 23.8 1998   99 ................................................................ 73.1 87.0 56.7 78.8 91.7 72.0 68.6 85.1 31.4 83.4 87.0 54.9 35.5 70.7 23.3 1999   2000 ............................................................ 73.9 88.1 57.0 80.6 95.3 72.7 68.8 85.3 31.2 83.5 86.7 55.3 37.4 75.3 24.1 Residence 1990   91 ................................................................ 10.2 8.4 12.6 20.3 24.9 17.7 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.3 0.6 0.0 0.7 1995   96 ................................................................ 10.4 8.2 13.4 20.8 25.4 18.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 1997   98 ................................................................ 9.3 8.2 10.7 19.7 25.4 16.7 1.1 1.4 0.6 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.6 1.4 0.4 1998   99 ................................................................ 8.9 7.8 10.2 19.1 24.9 16.0 0.9 1.1 0.5 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.4 1999   2000 ............................................................ 8.7 8.0 9.6 18.4 25.1 14.8 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.5 1.5 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.8 Ability to benefit 1990   91 ................................................................ 51.5 48.0 56.0 47.1 32.5 55.4 55.3 54.6 57.3 56.1 55.9 57.2 51.8 25.0 57.4 1995   96 ................................................................ 51.1 48.8 54.2 52.0 34.3 61.6 50.3 54.7 35.7 55.9 57.3 45.7 25.5 20.6 27.6 1997   98 ................................................................ 48.8 47.9 49.8 52.1 34.3 61.4 46.2 53.3 30.7 55.5 57.4 41.8 24.2 16.1 26.7 1998   99 ................................................................ 48.7 48.2 49.2 52.6 34.6 62.1 45.6 53.5 27.8 56.2 58.0 42.1 21.8 18.6 22.9 1999   2000 ............................................................ 48.4 48.2 48.6 52.6 34.6 62.3 45.2 53.5 26.2 56.9 58.4 43.3 20.1 17.4 21.1 Age 1990   91 ................................................................ 15.8 6.6 27.9 26.0 10.5 34.7 6.8 5.0 12.4 5.0 4.4 9.4 14.7 17.9 14.1 1995   96 ................................................................ 16.2 6.1 29.7 27.3 9.4 37.1 6.3 4.8 11.2 4.3 3.6 8.7 15.2 19.6 13.2 1997   98 ................................................................ 17.1 6.4 29.4 28.1 8.8 38.2 8.4 5.4 14.9 3.9 3.4 7.9 18.9 23.8 17.5 1998   99 ................................................................ 17.0 6.1 29.9 28.2 6.9 39.5 8.3 5.8 14.1 3.8 3.3 7.9 18.5 25.1 16.3 1999   2000 ............................................................ 17.0 6.4 29.6 28.4 8.0 39.4 8.2 5.8 13.8 3.7 3.1 8.7 17.9 25.3 15.3 Open admission 1990   91 ................................................................ 5.8 1.0 12.0 10.8 1.8 15.9 1.3 0.7 3.3 1.2 0.7 5.0 2.1 1.8 2.2 1995   96 ................................................................ 18.2 4.4 36.9 33.4 6.2 48.2 4.8 3.7 8.3 5.1 4.0 12.5 3.3 0.0 4.8 1997   98 ................................................................ 19.0 4.7 35.4 37.5 6.5 53.6 4.4 4.0 5.3 5.0 4.3 9.6 3.0 0.7 3.8 1998   99 ................................................................ 20.8 5.1 39.4 41.5 6.7 60.0 4.7 4.5 5.3 4.9 4.4 8.5 4.3 4.8 4.2 1999   2000 ............................................................ 21.6 5.3 41.1 43.2 7.5 62.4 5.0 4.4 6.4 4.9 4.4 9.3 5.4 5.1 5.6 NOTE: Data for 1990   91 and 1995   96 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate or higher degrees.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Institutional Characteristics'' surveys. ( This table was prepared September 2000.)

Table 313.   Percent of degree granting institutions offering remedial services, by type and control of institution: 1987   88 to 2000   01 Type and control of institution 1987   88 1988   89 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1997   98 1998   99 1999   2000 2000   01 Change in percentage points 1987   88 to 1996   97 1990   91 to 2000   01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total ................................. 72.7 74.9 76.6 77.7 78.6 78.5 79.0 79.8 79.5 80.0 76.7 76.1 76.1 75.1 7.3 ( 1) All 4 year colleges ...... 66.0 68.2 69.6 70.6 71.4 71.5 72.2 73.6 73.0 73.1 72.5 72.0 71.6 71.4 7.1 ( 1) All 2 year colleges ...... 82.7 84.7 87.2 88.4 89.2 88.8 89.5 89.1 89.4 91.0 82.2 81.5 82.2 80.4 8.3 ( 1) Public institutions ........ 90.4 91.0 92.4 93.0 93.9 93.5 93.5 93.7 93.7 94.0 93.8 93.6 93.5 93.1 3.6 0.1 4 year colleges ........ 80.5 81.8 82.9 83.5 84.5 84.5 84.6 85.3 85.4 85.1 85.2 84.2 83.6 81.7 4.6   1.9 2 year colleges ........ 96.4 96.6 98.2 98.9 99.6 98.8 98.7 98.6 98.6 99.2 98.7 99.0 99.2 99.7 2.9 0.9 Private institutions ...... 58.6 62.0 64.1 65.6 66.3 66.4 67.4 68.6 68.0 68.6 64.2 63.6 63.9 62.8 10.0 ( 1) 4 year colleges ........ 60.3 63.0 64.5 65.6 66.4 66.5 67.5 69.2 68.4 68.6 67.8 67.7 67.4 67.9 8.3 ( 1) 2 year colleges ........ 53.0 58.6 63.0 65.5 65.8 65.8 67.0 66.6 66.3 68.4 55.1 52.8 54.4 48.8 15.3 ( 1) Not for profit ............ ( 1) ( 1) 65.0 65.6 66.2 66.7 67.7 69.3 68.9 69.2 69.0 68.6 69.2 67.6 ( 1) 2.0 4 year colleges .... ( 1) ( 1) 64.2 64.9 65.8 66.2 67.0 68.7 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.3 68.5 67.0 ( 1) 2.1 2 year colleges .... ( 1) ( 1) 71.8 71.3 69.9 71.5 73.5 74.0 73.3 77.3 75.4 71.6 76.7 73.6 ( 1) 2.4 For profit .................. ( 1) ( 1) 59.5 65.6 66.6 64.6 65.6 65.2 63.5 65.2 51.7 51.1 51.5 52.7 ( 1) ( 1) 4 year colleges .... ( 1) ( 1) 71.7 81.3 79.2 73.7 76.3 76.0 69.2 72.7 63.9 63.4 60.1 72.9 ( 1) ( 1) 2 year colleges .... ( 1) ( 1) 57.0 62.0 63.2 62.0 62.1 60.8 60.5 60.8 47.5 46.2 47.7 41.8 ( 1) ( 1)

1 Not comparable.

NOTE: Data for 1987   88 to 1996   97 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate or higher degrees SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Institutional Characteristics'' surveys. ( This table was prepared September 2001.) 357 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: OUTCOMES Table 314.   Percentage distribution of enrollment and completion status of first time postsecondary students starting during the 1995   96 academic year, by type of institution and other student characteristics: 1998 Student and institution characteristics Students starting in less than 4 year institutions Students starting in 4 year institutions Highest degree attained No degree, still enrolled No degree, not enrolled Highest degree attained No degree, still enrolled No degree, not enrolled Total, any degree 1 Certificate Associate Bachelor's Total, any degree 1 Certificate Associate Bachelor's 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total .............................................................. 24.0 ( 1.3) 16.4 ( 1.2) 7.3 ( 0.7) 0.0 ( 0.0) 34.1 ( 1.6) 41.9 ( 1.6) 4.3 ( 0.4) 1.5 ( 0.2) 2.0 ( 0.2) 0.8 ( 0.2) 77.3 ( 0.8) 18.4 ( 0.8)

Male .......................................................... 20.8 ( 2.0) 13.0 ( 1.6) 7.4 ( 1.1) 0.1 ( 0.1) 38.4 ( 2.6) 40.8 ( 2.6) 4.5 ( 0.6) 1.7 ( 0.4) 1.9 ( 0.3) 0.9 ( 0.3) 75.6 ( 1.3) 19.9 ( 1.2) Female ...................................................... 26.4 ( 1.8) 18.9 ( 1.6) 7.2 ( 0.9) 0.0   30.6 ( 2.1) 43.0 ( 2.3) 4.2 ( 0.5) 1.3 ( 0.2) 2.1 ( 0.3) 0.8 ( 0.2) 78.6 ( 1.1) 17.3 ( 1.1)

Age when first enrolled 18 years or younger ................................. 20.3 ( 1.7) 8.5 ( 1.0) 11.7 ( 1.4) 0.0   45.3 ( 2.5) 34.5 ( 2.4) 3.0 ( 0.3) 1.1 ( 0.2) 1.6 ( 0.2) 0.3 ( 0.1) 82.1 ( 0.9) 15.0 ( 0.8) 19 years .................................................... 17.7 ( 2.6) 11.6 ( 1.8) 6.0 ( 1.6) 0.0   44.9 ( 4.9) 37.5 ( 4.6) 5.9 ( 1.3) 1.4 ( 0.5) 2.7 ( 0.9) 2.1 ( 0.9) 73.1 ( 2.5) 21.0 ( 2.2) 20 to 23 years .......................................... 27.2 ( 3.6) 22.3 ( 3.3) 4.4 ( 1.4) 0.2 ( 0.2) 25.5 ( 4.3) 47.4 ( 4.7) 14.4 ( 3.4) 5.6 ( 2.1) 2.8 ( 1.6) 5.8 ( 2.3) 46.6 ( 4.4) 39.0 ( 4.4) 24 to 29 years .......................................... 35.0 ( 5.4) 31.9 ( 5.3) 2.3 ( 0.8) 0.0   16.7 ( 4.3) 48.3 ( 5.6) 12.4 ( 4.6) 3.2 ( 1.9) 9.0 ( 4.2) 0.0   50.4 ( 6.9) 37.2 ( 6.8) 30 years or over ....................................... 28.3 ( 3.4) 25.2 ( 3.2) 2.9 ( 0.8) 0.0   16.4 ( 3.6) 55.3 ( 4.2) 8.9 ( 2.8) 4.3 ( 1.9) 3.2 ( 1.8) 1.2 ( 1.2) 40.3 ( 5.7) 50.8 ( 5.7)

Race/ ethnicity White, non Hispanic ................................. 24.3 ( 1.7) 15.5 ( 1.5) 8.3 ( 1.0) 0.0 ( 0.0) 34.6 ( 2.0) 41.1 ( 2.1) 3.9 ( 0.4) 1.1 ( 0.2) 2.0 ( 0.3) 0.7 ( 0.2) 77.6 ( 1.0) 18.5 ( 1.0) Black, non Hispanic .................................. 27.5 ( 3.6) 21.3 ( 3.3) 5.6 ( 1.7) 0.0   23.6 ( 4.2) 49.0 ( 4.6) 4.4 ( 1.2) 3.4 ( 1.1) 0.9 ( 0.4) 0.0   71.0 ( 2.3) 24.7 ( 2.1) Hispanic .................................................... 22.9 ( 3.2) 18.2 ( 2.9) 4.9 ( 1.2) 0.0   38.4 ( 4.6) 38.8 ( 4.3) 6.8 ( 1.5) 2.4 ( 0.9) 2.2 ( 0.7) 2.2 ( 1.0) 75.3 ( 2.4) 17.9 ( 2.1) Asian/ Pacific Islander ............................... 15.3 ( 5.1) 11.7 ( 4.7) 5.4 ( 2.7) 0.0   37.9 ( 8.5) 46.8 ( 9.3) 2.2 ( 0.9) 0.3 ( 0.2) 1.6 ( 0.8) 1.1 ( 0.9) 86.5 ( 3.3) 11.3 ( 3.3)

Highest education level of parents High school diploma or less ..................... 27.4 ( 2.1) 20.9 ( 1.8) 6.4 ( 0.9) 0.0   28.8 ( 2.3) 43.8 ( 2.3) 5.5 ( 0.8) 2.0 ( 0.5) 2.3 ( 0.4) 1.1 ( 0.4) 67.3 ( 1.7) 27.2 ( 1.6) Some postsecondary ................................ 20.1 ( 2.7) 12.7 ( 2.2) 6.9 ( 1.5) 0.0   38.2 ( 3.8) 41.7 ( 4.0) 5.9 ( 1.1) 1.9 ( 0.6) 3.2 ( 0.7) 0.7 ( 0.5) 70.6 ( 2.3) 23.5 ( 2.2) Bachelor's degree ..................................... 21.3 ( 3.4) 8.6 ( 1.7) 12.4 ( 2.9) 0.2 ( 0.2) 43.4 ( 4.4) 35.3 ( 4.2) 3.6 ( 0.7) 1.3 ( 0.3) 1.8 ( 0.5) 0.7 ( 0.4) 82.2 ( 1.7) 14.2 ( 1.6) Advanced degree ..................................... 11.4 ( 3.1) 3.6 ( 1.2) 8.7 ( 3.0) 0.0   49.1 ( 8.3) 39.5 ( 8.5) 2.4 ( 0.5) 0.8 ( 0.3) 0.9 ( 0.3) 0.8 ( 0.3) 88.5 ( 1.3) 9.1 ( 1.2)

Dependency status when first enrolled Dependent ................................................ 20.3 ( 1.5) 10.2 ( 1.0) 9.9 ( 1.2) 0.0 ( 0.0) 45.0 ( 2.1) 34.7 ( 2.0) 3.8 ( 0.4) 1.3 ( 0.2) 1.8 ( 0.2) 0.8 ( 0.2) 80.2 ( 0.8) 16.0 ( 0.8) Independent .............................................. 30.5 ( 2.4) 26.2 ( 2.3) 3.8 ( 0.8) 0.0   16.9 ( 1.9) 52.7 ( 2.8) 9.1 ( 1.7) 4.2 ( 1.1) 3.9 ( 1.3) 0.7 ( 0.5) 48.1 ( 3.3) 42.9 ( 3.3)

Dependent student family income in 1994 Less than $ 25,000 .................................... 23.0 ( 3.0) 13.5 ( 2.3) 9.3 ( 2.0) 0.0   40.6 ( 3.7) 36.4 ( 3.5) 5.6 ( 1.0) 2.0 ( 0.6) 2.4 ( 0.5) 1.3 ( 0.6) 73.3 ( 2.1) 21.1 ( 2.0) $ 25,000 to $ 44,999 .................................. 19.7 ( 2.5) 11.1 ( 1.7) 9.1 ( 1.7) 0.0   47.5 ( 4.2) 32.8 ( 3.6) 4.2 ( 0.8) 1.6 ( 0.4) 1.7 ( 0.5) 0.8 ( 0.4) 75.7 ( 1.7) 20.2 ( 1.6) $ 45,000 to $ 69,999 .................................. 18.4 ( 3.0) 7.7 ( 1.8) 10.3 ( 2.3) 0.0   39.2 ( 4.7) 42.5 ( 5.0) 3.4 ( 0.6) 0.8 ( 0.2) 1.7 ( 0.4) 0.8 ( 0.4) 82.9 ( 1.4) 13.7 ( 1.4) $ 70,000 or more ....................................... 18.6 ( 3.7) 5.8 ( 1.5) 11.7 ( 3.2) 0.2 ( 0.2) 57.9 ( 5.0) 23.5 ( 4.1) 2.8 ( 0.5) 1.0 ( 0.3) 1.3 ( 0.3) 0.6 ( 0.2) 85.8 ( 1.4) 11.5 ( 1.4)

Delayed postsecondary enrollment Did not delay 2 .......................................... 19.6 ( 1.6) 8.5 ( 0.9) 11.1 ( 1.3) 0.0   47.5 ( 2.3) 32.9 ( 2.2) 2.8 ( 0.3) 1.0 ( 0.2) 1.6 ( 0.2) 0.2 ( 0.1) 82.3 ( 0.8) 14.9 ( 0.8) Delayed entry ........................................... 27.6 ( 2.2) 23.2 ( 2.1) 3.9 ( 0.7) 0.1 ( 0.1) 22.6 ( 2.2) 49.8 ( 2.6) 10.6 ( 1.5) 3.6 ( 0.9) 3.6 ( 0.9) 3.5 ( 0.9) 55.8 ( 2.4) 33.6 ( 2.3)

Attendance status when first enrolled Full time .................................................... 30.5 ( 1.7) 20.0 ( 1.5) 10.5 ( 1.1) 0.0   32.4 ( 2.0) 37.2 ( 2.0) 4.0 ( 0.4) 1.1 ( 0.2) 2.1 ( 0.3) 0.8 ( 0.2) 79.6 ( 0.9) 16.5 ( 0.8) Part time ................................................... 14.4 ( 2.1) 11.8 ( 2.0) 2.5 ( 0.7) 0.1 ( 0.1) 36.8 ( 2.9) 48.9 ( 3.0) 7.3 ( 1.6) 5.2 ( 1.5) 1.6 ( 0.7) 0.6 ( 0.4) 56.9 ( 3.2) 35.9 ( 3.1)

Intensity of enrollment through 1998 Always part time ....................................... 11.5 ( 2.7) 11.4 ( 2.7) 0.1 ( 0.1) 0.0   18.5 ( 2.8) 70.1 ( 3.5) 4.0 ( 2.2) 5.1 ( 1.9) 1.6 ( 1.1) 0.0   24.9 ( 4.8) 68.4 ( 5.0) Mixed ........................................................ 17.2 ( 2.0) 12.0 ( 1.7) 5.1 ( 1.1) 0.1 ( 0.1) 52.6 ( 3.0) 30.1 ( 2.9) 4.8 ( 0.9) 2.8 ( 0.7) 1.2 ( 0.4) 0.8 ( 0.4) 77.0 ( 1.7) 18.3 ( 1.6) Always full time ......................................... 36.6 ( 2.2) 23.5 ( 1.9) 13.0 ( 1.5) 0.0   26.7 ( 2.2) 36.7 ( 2.3) 6.7 ( 0.4) 1.0 ( 0.2) 2.2 ( 0.3) 0.8 ( 0.2) 79.8 ( 0.9) 16.2 ( 0.9)

Degree goal at first institution None ......................................................... 14.0 ( 2.3) 10.4 ( 1.8) 3.5 ( 1.4) 0.0   26.6 ( 4.0) 59.4 ( 4.1) 5.5 ( 1.3) 3.7 ( 1.1) 1.6 ( 0.6) 0.5 ( 0.5) 50.1 ( 3.7) 44.4 ( 3.7) Certificate .................................................. 52.3 ( 3.3) 50.9 ( 3.2) 2.0 ( 0.7) 0.0   8.2 ( 1.9) 39.0 ( 3.2) 24.8 ( 5.9) 14.4 ( 4.9) 9.7 ( 3.5) 0.0   39.0 ( 7.2) 36.2 ( 7.5) Associate degree ...................................... 20.5 ( 1.8) 6.2 ( 0.9) 13.9 ( 1.6) 0.1 ( 0.1) 37.1 ( 2.4) 42.4 ( 2.7) 22.6 ( 3.9) 5.6 ( 3.0) 15.7 ( 2.8) 0.0   38.1 ( 4.0) 39.3 ( 4.6) Bachelor's degree ..................................... 3 8.1 ( 1.9) 3 2.3 ( 0.9) 3 5.6 ( 1.7) 3 0.0   3 60.2 ( 3.9) 3 31.7 ( 3.7) 3.8 ( 0.4) 1.2 ( 0.2) 1.7 ( 0.3) 1.0 ( 0.2) 81.1 ( 0.7) 15.1 ( 0.6)

Worked while enrolled 1995   96 Did not work ............................................. 33.3 ( 2.5) 25.2 ( 2.1) 7.8 ( 1.4) 0.0   26.3 ( 2.6) 40.5 ( 3.0) 4.5 ( 0.7) 1.5 ( 0.4) 2.4 ( 0.5) 0.8 ( 0.3) 82.0 ( 1.1) 13.4 ( 0.9) Worked part time ...................................... 25.0 ( 2.0) 13.2 ( 1.6) 11.5 ( 1.4) 0.1 ( 0.1) 42.8 ( 2.3) 32.2 ( 2.1) 4.5 ( 0.5) 1.3 ( 0.3) 2.1 ( 0.3) 1.1 ( 0.3) 78.4 ( 1.0) 17.1 ( 0.9) Worked full time ........................................ 18.9 ( 2.4) 14.8 ( 2.2) 3.8 ( 1.0) 0.0   25.0 ( 2.5) 56.1 ( 3.0) 6.1 ( 1.2) 3.5 ( 0.9) 1.6 ( 0.5) 0.9 ( 0.6) 55.6 ( 2.9) 38.4 ( 2.9)

Control of first institution Public ........................................................ 16.4 ( 1.5) 9.5 ( 1.2) 6.7 ( 0.9) 0.0   40.0 ( 1.9) 43.6 ( 2.0) 3.9 ( 0.5) 1.4 ( 0.3) 1.8 ( 0.3) 0.8 ( 0.3) 77.3 ( 1.1) 18.8 ( 1.0) Private, not for profit ................................. 42.3 ( 3.9) 14.3 ( 2.8) 25.9 ( 3.0) 1.3 ( 1.3) 20.1 ( 3.1) 37.6 ( 3.7) 4.3 ( 0.6) 1.5 ( 0.4) 2.0 ( 0.3) 0.7 ( 0.2) 78.5 ( 1.4) 17.2 ( 1.2) Private, for profit ....................................... 56.4 ( 2.5) 47.5 ( 2.5) 8.2 ( 1.1) 0.0   8.8 ( 1.3) 34.8 ( 2.4) 25.2 ( 5.3) 7.6 ( 2.9) 13.9 ( 4.6) 3.2 ( 3.1) 41.3 ( 6.0) 33.6 ( 6.2)

1 Includes a small percent of students who have attained a degree and are still enrolled Includes recipients of degrees not shown separately. 2 Includes students with a standard high school diploma who enrolled in postsecondary education in the same year as their graduation. 3 Includes students whose goal is to transfer to a 4   year institution.

NOTE: Data reflect completion and enrollment status by spring 1998 of first time postsecondary students starting in academic year 1995   96. Some cells in this table have relatively large sampling errors. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 1995   96 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study, First Follow up. ( This table was prepared May 2001.) 358 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: OUTCOMES Table 315.   Scores on Graduate Record Examination ( GRE) and subject matter tests: 1965 to 1999 Academic year ending Number of GRE takers GRE takers as a percent of bachelor's degrees Verbal Quantitative Analytical Subject matter tests Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Biology Chemistry Education Engineering Literature Psychology Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1965 ............................. 93,792 18.7 530 124 533 137     617 117 628 114 481 86 618 108 591 95 556 91 1966 ............................. 123,960 23.8 520 124 528 133     610 115 618 110 474 87 609 106 588 94 552 91 1967 ............................. 151,134 27.0 519 125 528 134     613 114 615 104 476 90 603 104 582 91 553 93 1968 ............................. 182,432 28.8 520 124 527 135     614 114 617 104 478 87 601 105 572 91 547 93 1969 ............................. 206,113 28.3 515 124 524 132     613 112 613 104 477 88 591 103 569 89 543 89 1970 ............................. 265,359 33.5 503 123 516 132     603 111 613 113 462 92 586 110 556 90 532 91 1971 ............................. 293,600 35.0 497 125 512 134     603 114 618 117 457 95 587 115 546 91 530 92 1972 ............................. 293,506 33.1 494 126 508 136     606 115 624 124 446 93 594 119 544 96 528 92 1973 ............................. 290,104 31.5 497 125 512 135     619 110 630 114 459 96 593 114 545 96 529 92 1974 ............................. 301,070 31.8 492 126 509 137     624 110 634 115 452 93 591 121 547 99 530 95 1975 ............................. 298,335 32.3 493 125 508 137                             1976 ............................. 299,292 32.3 492 127 510 138     627 112 627 107 454 93 594 119 539 101 531 93 1977 ............................. 287,715 31.3 490 129 514 139     625 113 630 109 453 93 592 115 532 101 532 95 1978 ............................. 286,383 31.1 484 128 518 135     622 113 624 108 452 91 594 114 530 102 529 97 1979 ............................. 282,482 30.7 476 130 517 135     621 117 623 104 451 89 592 115 525 102 530 97 1980 ............................. 272,281 29.3 474 131 522 136     619 115 618 105 449 90 590 116 521 105 534 98 1981 ............................. 262,855 28.1 473 128 523 136     617 115 615 103 453 90 590 116 520 99 532 97 1982 ............................. 256,381 26.9 469 130 533 137 498 126 616 114 616 105 456 89 593 115 521 100 532 97 1983 ............................. 263,674 27.2 473 131 541 138 504 128 623 115 620 105 459 90 599 114 527 98 542 95 1984 ............................. 265,221 27.2 475 130 541 139 512 129 622 115 619 102 461 90 604 114 530 97 543 96 1985 ............................. 271,972 27.8 474 126 545 140 516 129 619 114 621 101 459 89 615 120 531 95 541 95 1986 ............................. 279,428 28.3 475 126 552 140 520 129 612 114 628 106 464 87 616 119 527 96 542 97 1987 ............................. 293,560 29.6 477 126 550 140 521 128 616 116 629 104 465 86 619 119 526 95 536 95 1988 ............................. 303,703 30.5 483 123 557 140 528 128 615 114 631 108 467 85 622 120 525 94 537 94 1989 ............................. 326,096 32.0 484 125 560 142 530 129 612 114 642 117 465 87 626 116 528 91 538 95 1990 ............................. 344,572 32.8 486 123 562 143 534 128 612 114 662 123 461 84 617 111 523 92 537 95 1991 ............................. 379,882 34.7 485 122 562 141 536 129 609 113 660 123 457 85 611 111 523 93 535 95 1992 ............................. 411,528 36.2 483 120 561 140 537 129 605 113 654 128 462 82 610 117 525 92 536 95 1993 ............................. 400,246 34.4 481 117 557 140 541 129 606 114 662 133 462 80 602 115 516 94 536 97 1994 ............................. 1 399,395 34.2 479 116 553 139 545 129 620 116 627 113 2 493 104 601 115 517 95 538 96 1995 ............................. 1 389,539 33.6 477 115 553 140 544 131 622 116 675 138 2 488 102 596 113 513 96 544 98 1996 ............................. 1 376,013 32.3 473 114 558 139 549 131 614 114 678 135 2 489 104 604 119 512 97 547 99 1997 ............................. 1 376,062 32.1 472 113 562 139 548 129 620 115 684 143 2 487 103 602 114 525 100 554 99 1998 ............................. 1 364,554 30.8 471 113 569 141 543 133 628 113 686 137 2 477 100 609 118 530 100 563 100 1999 ............................. 396,330 33.0 468 114 565 143 542 133 626 114 684 137 ( 3) ( 3) 604 115 527 100 559 99   Not available.

1 Total includes examinees who received no score on one or more General Test measures.

2 Data reported for 1994 through 1998 are from the revised education test.

3 The education subject test was administered for the final time in April 1998.

NOTE: GRE scores for the verbal, quantitative, and analytical sections range from 200 to 800. Subject matter test scores range from 200 to 990. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. SOURCE: Graduate Record Examination Board, Examinee and Score Trends for the GRE General Test, various years; and A Summary of Data Collected From Graduate Record Examinations Test Takers During 1986   87; Guide to the Use of Scores, 2000   01; unpublished data; and U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS) `` Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred''

surveys and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Completions'' surveys. ( This table was prepared May 2001.) 359 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 316.   Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates paid by full time equivalent students in degree granting institutions, by type and control of institution: 1964   65 to 2000   01 Year and control of institution Total tuition, room, and board Tuition and required fees ( in state) Dormitory rooms Board ( 7 day basis) 1 All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 All institutions 1976   77 ....................... $ 2,275 $ 2,577 $ 2,647 $ 2,527 $ 1,598 $ 924 $ 1,218 $ 1,210 $ 1,223 $ 346 $ 603 $ 611 $ 649 $ 584 $ 503 $ 748 $ 748 $ 788 $ 719 $ 750 1977   78 ....................... 2,411 2,725 2,777 2,685 1,703 984 1,291 1,269 1,305 378 645 654 691 628 525 781 780 818 752 801 1978   79 ....................... 2,587 2,917 2,967 2,879 1,828 1,073 1,397 1,370 1,413 411 688 696 737 667 575 826 825 860 800 842 1979   80 ....................... 2,809 3,167 3,223 3,124 1,979 1,163 1,513 1,484 1,530 451 751 759 803 729 628 895 895 936 865 900 1980   81 ....................... 3,101 3,499 3,535 3,469 2,230 1,289 1,679 1,634 1,705 526 836 846 881 821 705 976 975 1,020 943 1,000 1981   82 ....................... 3,489 3,951 4,005 3,908 2,476 1,457 1,907 1,860 1,935 590 950 961 1,023 919 793 1,083 1,082 1,121 1,055 1,094 1982   83 ....................... 3,877 4,406 4,466 4,356 2,713 1,626 2,139 2,081 2,173 675 1,064 1,078 1,150 1,028 873 1,187 1,189 1,235 1,155 1,165 1983   84 ....................... 4,167 4,747 4,793 4,712 2,854 1,783 2,344 2,300 2,368 730 1,145 1,162 1,211 1,130 916 1,239 1,242 1,282 1,214 1,208 1984   85 ....................... 4,563 5,160 5,236 5,107 3,179 1,985 2,567 2,539 2,583 821 1,267 1,282 1,343 1,242 1,058 1,310 1,311 1,353 1,282 1,301 1985   86 2 ..................... 4,885 5,504 5,597 5,441 3,367 2,181 2,784 2,770 2,793 888 1,338 1,355 1,424 1,309 1,107 1,365 1,365 1,403 1,339 1,372 1986   87 3 ..................... 5,206 5,964 6,124 5,857 3,295 2,312 3,042 3,042 3,042 897 1,405 1,427 1,501 1,376 1,034 1,489 1,495 1,581 1,439 1,364 1987   88 ....................... 5,494 6,272 6,339 6,226 3,263 2,458 3,201 3,168 3,220 809 1,488 1,516 1,576 1,478 1,017 1,549 1,555 1,596 1,529 1,437 1988   89 ....................... 5,869 6,725 6,801 6,673 3,573 2,658 3,472 3,422 3,499 979 1,575 1,609 1,665 1,573 1,085 1,636 1,644 1,715 1,601 1,509 1989   90 ....................... 6,207 7,212 7,347 7,120 3,705 2,839 3,800 3,765 3,819 978 1,638 1,675 1,732 1,638 1,105 1,730 1,737 1,850 1,663 1,622 1990   91 ....................... 6,562 7,602 7,709 7,528 3,930 3,016 4,009 3,958 4,036 1,087 1,743 1,782 1,848 1,740 1,182 1,802 1,811 1,903 1,751 1,660 1991   92 ....................... 7,077 8,238 8,390 8,142 4,092 3,286 4,385 4,368 4,394 1,189 1,874 1,921 1,996 1,875 1,210 1,918 1,931 2,026 1,872 1,692 1992   93 ....................... 7,452 8,758 8,934 8,648 4,207 3,517 4,752 4,665 4,795 1,276 1,939 1,991 2,104 1,926 1,240 1,996 2,015 2,165 1,927 1,692 1993   94 ....................... 7,931 9,296 9,495 9,186 4,449 3,827 5,119 5,104 5,127 1,399 2,057 2,111 2,190 2,068 1,332 2,047 2,067 2,201 1,992 1,718 1994   95 ....................... 8,306 9,728 9,863 9,646 4,633 4,044 5,391 5,287 5,441 1,488 2,145 2,200 2,281 2,155 1,396 2,116 2,138 2,295 2,049 1,750 1995   96 ....................... 8,800 10,330 10,560 10,195 4,725 4,338 5,786 5,733 5,812 1,522 2,264 2,318 2,423 2,260 1,473 2,199 2,226 2,404 2,123 1,730 1996   97 ....................... 9,206 10,841 11,033 10,726 4,895 4,564 6,118 6,055 6,150 1,543 2,365 2,422 2,518 2,368 1,522 2,276 2,301 2,460 2,208 1,830 1997   98 ....................... 9,588 11,277 11,382 11,205 5,192 4,755 6,351 6,232 6,408 1,695 2,444 2,507 2,575 2,469 1,598 2,389 2,419 2,576 2,327 1,900 1998   99 ....................... 10,076 11,888 12,123 11,752 5,291 5,013 6,723 6,713 6,728 1,725 2,557 2,626 2,710 2,578 1,616 2,506 2,540 2,700 2,446 1,950 1999   2000 ................... 10,444 12,352 12,613 12,198 5,408 5,238 7,044 7,026 7,052 1,721 2,682 2,749 2,845 2,695 1,733 2,524 2,559 2,741 2,451 1,954 2000   01 4 ..................... 10,876 12,919 13,187 12,763 5,477 5,442 7,376 7,371 7,378 1,720 2,815 2,888 2,997 2,826 1,753 2,619 2,656 2,819 2,559 2,005 Public institutions 1964   65 ....................... 950   1,051 867 638 243   298 224 99 271   291 241 178 436   462 402 361 1965   66 ....................... 983   1,105 904 670 257   327 241 109 281   304 255 194 445   474 408 367 1966   67 ....................... 1,026   1,171 947 710 275   360 259 121 294   321 271 213 457   490 417 376 1967   68 ....................... 1,064   1,199 997 789 283   366 268 144 313   337 292 243 468   496 437 402 1968   69 ....................... 1,117   1,245 1,063 883 295   377 281 170 337   359 318 278 485   509 464 435 1969   70 ....................... 1,203   1,362 1,135 951 323   427 306 178 369   395 346 308 511   540 483 465 1970   71 ....................... 1,287   1,477 1,206 998 351   478 332 187 401   431 375 338 535   568 499 473 1971   72 ....................... 1,357   1,579 1,263 1,073 376   526 354 192 430   463 400 366 551   590 509 515 1972   73 ....................... 1,458   1,668 1,460 1,197 407   566 455 233 476   500 455 398 575   602 550 566 1973   74 ....................... 1,517   1,707 1,506 1,274 438   581 463 274 480   505 464 409 599   621 579 591 1974   75 ....................... 1,563   1,760 1,558 1,339 432   599 448 277 506   527 497 424 625   634 613 638 1975   76 ....................... 1,666   1,935 1,657 1,386 433   642 469 245 544   573 533 442 689   720 655 699 1976   77 ....................... 1,789 1,935 2,067 1,827 1,491 479 617 689 564 283 582 592 614 572 465 728 727 763 692 742 1977   78 ....................... 1,888 2,038 2,170 1,931 1,590 512 655 736 596 306 621 631 649 616 486 755 752 785 720 797 1978   79 ....................... 1,994 2,145 2,289 2,027 1,691 543 688 777 622 327 655 664 689 641 527 796 793 823 764 837 1979   80 ....................... 2,165 2,327 2,487 2,198 1,822 583 738 840 662 355 715 725 750 703 574 867 865 898 833 893 1980   81 ....................... 2,373 2,550 2,712 2,421 2,027 635 804 915 722 391 799 811 827 796 642 940 936 969 904 994 1981   82 ....................... 2,663 2,871 3,079 2,705 2,224 714 909 1,042 813 434 909 925 970 885 703 1,039 1,036 1,067 1,006 1,086 1982   83 ....................... 2,945 3,196 3,403 3,032 2,390 798 1,031 1,164 936 473 1,010 1,030 1,072 993 755 1,136 1,134 1,167 1,103 1,162 1983   84 ....................... 3,156 3,433 3,628 3,285 2,534 891 1,148 1,284 1,052 528 1,087 1,110 1,131 1,092 801 1,178 1,175 1,213 1,141 1,205 1984   85 ....................... 3,408 3,682 3,899 3,518 2,807 971 1,228 1,386 1,117 584 1,196 1,217 1,237 1,200 921 1,241 1,237 1,276 1,201 1,302 1985   86 2 ..................... 3,571 3,859 4,146 3,637 2,981 1,045 1,318 1,536 1,157 641 1,242 1,263 1,290 1,240 960 1,285 1,278 1,320 1,240 1,380 1986   87 3 ..................... 3,805 4,138 4,469 3,891 2,989 1,106 1,414 1,651 1,248 660 1,301 1,323 1,355 1,295 979 1,398 1,401 1,464 1,348 1,349 1987   88 ....................... 4,050 4,403 4,619 4,250 3,066 1,218 1,537 1,726 1,407 706 1,378 1,410 1,410 1,409 943 1,454 1,456 1,482 1,434 1,417 1988   89 ....................... 4,274 4,678 4,905 4,526 3,183 1,285 1,646 1,846 1,515 730 1,457 1,496 1,483 1,506 965 1,533 1,536 1,576 1,504 1,488 1989   90 ....................... 4,504 4,975 5,324 4,723 3,299 1,356 1,780 2,035 1,608 756 1,513 1,557 1,561 1,554 962 1,635 1,638 1,728 1,561 1,581 1990   91 ....................... 4,757 5,243 5,585 5,004 3,467 1,454 1,888 2,159 1,707 824 1,612 1,657 1,658 1,655 1,050 1,691 1,698 1,767 1,641 1,594 1991   92 ....................... 5,138 5,693 6,050 5,458 3,623 1,628 2,117 2,409 1,931 936 1,731 1,785 1,789 1,782 1,074 1,780 1,792 1,852 1,745 1,612 1992   93 ....................... 5,379 6,020 6,442 5,740 3,799 1,782 2,349 2,604 2,192 1,025 1,756 1,816 1,856 1,787 1,106 1,841 1,854 1,982 1,761 1,668 1993   94 ....................... 5,694 6,365 6,710 6,146 3,996 1,942 2,537 2,820 2,360 1,125 1,873 1,934 1,897 1,958 1,190 1,880 1,895 1,993 1,828 1,681 1994   95 ....................... 5,965 6,670 7,077 6,409 4,137 2,057 2,681 2,977 2,499 1,192 1,959 2,023 1,992 2,044 1,232 1,949 1,967 2,108 1,866 1,712 1995   96 ....................... 6,256 7,014 7,448 6,730 4,217 2,179 2,848 3,151 2,660 1,239 2,057 2,121 2,104 2,133 1,297 2,020 2,045 2,192 1,937 1,681 360 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 316.   Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates paid by full time equivalent students in degree granting institutions, by type and control of institution: 1964   65 to 2000   01   Continued Year and control of institution Total tuition, room, and board Tuition and required fees ( in state) Dormitory rooms Board ( 7 day basis) 1 All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All institutions 4 year institutions 2 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year All 4 year Universities Other 4 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1996   97 ....................... 6,530 7,334 7,792 7,035 4,404 2,271 2,987 3,323 2,778 1,276 2,148 2,214 2,187 2,232 1,339 2,111 2,133 2,282 2,025 1,789 1997   98 ....................... 6,813 7,673 8,210 7,318 4,509 2,360 3,110 3,486 2,877 1,314 2,225 2,301 2,285 2,312 1,401 2,228 2,263 2,438 2,130 1,795 1998   99 ....................... 7,107 8,027 8,625 7,631 4,604 2,430 3,229 3,640 2,974 1,327 2,330 2,409 2,408 2,410 1,450 2,347 2,389 2,576 2,247 1,828 1999   2000 ................... 7,310 8,275 8,912 7,852 4,720 2,506 3,349 3,768 3,091 1,338 2,440 2,519 2,516 2,521 1,549 2,364 2,406 2,628 2,239 1,834 2000   01 4 ..................... 7,621 8,655 9,326 8,214 4,862 2,600 3,506 3,983 3,212 1,359 2,566 2,651 2,656 2,647 1,603 2,454 2,498 2,687 2,355 1,900 Private institutions 1964   65 ....................... 1,907   2,202 1,810 1,455 1,088   1,297 1,023 702 331   390 308 289 488   515 479 464 1965   66 ....................... 2,005   2,316 1,899 1,557 1,154   1,369 1,086 768 356   418 330 316 495   529 483 473 1966   67 ....................... 2,124   2,456 2,007 1,679 1,233   1,456 1,162 845 385   452 355 347 506   548 490 487 1967   68 ....................... 2,205   2,545 2,104 1,762 1,297   1,534 1,237 892 392   455 366 366 516   556 501 504 1968   69 ....................... 2,321   2,673 2,237 1,876 1,383   1,638 1,335 956 404   463 382 391 534   572 520 529 1969   70 ....................... 2,530   2,920 2,420 1,993 1,533   1,809 1,468 1,034 436   503 409 413 561   608 543 546 1970   71 ....................... 2,738   3,163 2,599 2,103 1,684   1,980 1,603 1,109 468   542 434 434 586   641 562 560 1971   72 ....................... 2,917   3,375 2,748 2,186 1,820   2,133 1,721 1,172 494   576 454 449 603   666 573 565 1972   73 ....................... 3,038   3,512 2,934 2,273 1,898   2,226 1,846 1,221 524   622 490 457 616   664 598 595 1973   74 ....................... 3,164   3,717 3,040 2,410 1,989   2,375 1,925 1,303 533   622 502 483 642   720 613 624 1974   75 ....................... 3,403   4,076 3,156 2,591 2,117   2,614 1,954 1,367 586   691 536 564 700   771 666 660 1975   76 ....................... 3,663   4,467 3,385 2,711 2,272   2,881 2,084 1,427 636   753 583 572 755   833 718 712 1976   77 ....................... 3,906 3,977 4,715 3,714 2,971 2,467 2,534 3,051 2,351 1,592 649 651 783 604 607 790 791 882 759 772 1977   78 ....................... 4,158 4,240 5,033 3,967 3,148 2,624 2,700 3,240 2,520 1,706 698 702 850 648 631 836 838 943 800 811 1978   79 ....................... 4,514 4,609 5,403 4,327 3,389 2,867 2,958 3,487 2,771 1,831 758 761 916 704 700 889 890 1,000 851 858 1979   80 ....................... 4,912 5,013 5,891 4,700 3,751 3,130 3,225 3,811 3,020 2,062 827 831 1,001 768 766 955 957 1,078 912 923 1980   81 ....................... 5,470 5,594 6,569 5,249 4,303 3,498 3,617 4,275 3,390 2,413 918 921 1,086 859 871 1,054 1,056 1,209 1,000 1,019 1981   82 ....................... 6,166 6,330 7,443 5,947 4,746 3,953 4,113 4,887 3,853 2,605 1,038 1,039 1,229 970 1,022 1,175 1,178 1,327 1,124 1,119 1982   83 ....................... 6,920 7,126 8,536 6,646 5,364 4,439 4,639 5,583 4,329 3,008 1,181 1,181 1,453 1,083 1,177 1,300 1,306 1,501 1,234 1,179 1983   84 ....................... 7,508 7,759 9,308 7,244 5,571 4,851 5,093 6,217 4,726 3,099 1,278 1,279 1,531 1,191 1,253 1,380 1,387 1,559 1,327 1,219 1984   85 ....................... 8,202 8,451 10,243 7,849 6,203 5,315 5,556 6,843 5,135 3,485 1,426 1,426 1,753 1,309 1,424 1,462 1,469 1,647 1,405 1,294 1985   86 2 ..................... 8,885 9,228 11,034 8,551 6,512 5,789 6,121 7,374 5,641 3,672 1,553 1,557 1,940 1,420 1,500 1,542 1,551 1,720 1,490 1,340 1986   87 3 ..................... 9,676 10,039 12,278 9,276 6,384 6,316 6,658 8,118 6,171 3,684 1,658 1,673 2,097 1,518 1,266 1,702 1,708 2,063 1,587 1,434 1987   88 ....................... 10,512 10,659 13,075 9,854 7,078 6,988 7,116 8,771 6,574 4,161 1,748 1,760 2,244 1,593 1,380 1,775 1,783 2,060 1,687 1,537 1988   89 ....................... 11,189 11,474 14,073 10,620 7,967 7,461 7,722 9,451 7,172 4,817 1,849 1,863 2,353 1,686 1,540 1,880 1,889 2,269 1,762 1,609 1989   90 ....................... 12,018 12,284 15,098 11,374 8,670 8,147 8,396 10,348 7,778 5,196 1,923 1,935 2,411 1,774 1,663 1,948 1,953 2,339 1,823 1,811 1990   91 ....................... 12,910 13,237 16,503 12,220 9,302 8,772 9,083 11,379 8,389 5,570 2,063 2,077 2,654 1,889 1,744 2,074 2,077 2,470 1,943 1,989 1991   92 ....................... 13,892 14,258 17,572 13,201 9,632 9,419 9,759 12,037 9,060 5,754 2,221 2,241 2,825 2,042 1,788 2,252 2,257 2,709 2,098 2,090 1992   93 ....................... 14,634 15,009 18,898 13,882 9,903 9,942 10,294 13,055 9,533 6,059 2,348 2,362 3,018 2,151 1,970 2,344 2,354 2,825 2,197 1,875 1993   94 ....................... 15,496 15,904 20,097 14,640 10,406 10,572 10,952 13,874 10,100 6,370 2,490 2,506 3,277 2,261 2,067 2,434 2,445 2,946 2,278 1,970 1994   95 ....................... 16,207 16,602 21,041 15,363 11,170 11,111 11,481 14,537 10,653 6,914 2,587 2,601 3,469 2,347 2,233 2,509 2,520 3,035 2,362 2,023 1995   96 ....................... 17,208 17,612 22,502 16,198 11,563 11,864 12,243 15,605 11,297 7,094 2,738 2,751 3,680 2,473 2,371 2,606 2,617 3,218 2,429 2,098 1996   97 ....................... 18,039 18,442 23,520 16,994 11,954 12,498 12,881 16,552 11,871 7,236 2,878 2,889 3,826 2,602 2,537 2,663 2,672 3,142 2,520 2,181 1997   98 ....................... 18,516 19,070 24,116 17,717 12,921 12,801 13,344 17,229 12,338 7,464 2,954 2,964 3,756 2,731 2,672 2,762 2,761 3,132 2,648 2,785 1998   99 ....................... 19,368 19,929 25,443 18,430 13,319 13,428 13,973 18,340 12,815 7,854 3,075 3,091 3,914 2,850 2,581 2,865 2,865 3,188 2,765 2,884 1999   2000 ................... 20,186 20,706 26,534 19,127 13,965 14,081 14,588 19,307 13,361 8,235 3,224 3,237 4,070 2,976 2,808 2,882 2,881 3,157 2,790 2,922 2000   01 4 ..................... 21,423 21,907 27,711 20,281 14,690 15,064 15,531 20,143 14,281 8,961 3,370 3,387 4,265 3,114 2,768 2,989 2,989 3,303 2,886 2,962   Not available.

1 Data for 1986   87 and later years reflect 20 meals per week rather than meals 7 days per week.

2 Room and board data are estimated.

3 Because of revisions in data collection procedures, figures are not entirely comparable with those for previous years. In particular, data on board rates are somewhat higher than earlier years because they reflect a basis of 20 meals per week rather than meals served 7 days per week. Since many institutions serve fewer than three meals each day, the 1986   87 and later data reflect a more accurate accounting of total board costs.

4 Preliminary data based on fall 1999 enrollment weights.

NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average charges paid by students. Tuition and fees were weighted by the number of full time equivalent undergraduates, but were not adjusted to reflect student residency.

Room and board were based on full time students. The data have not been adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar over time. Data for 1976   77 to 1996   97 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate or higher degrees. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Because of their low response rate, data for private 2 year colleges must be interpreted with caution. Data for 1999 imputed using alternative procedures. ( See Guide to Sources for details.) Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Institutional Characteristics of Colleges and Universities'' and `` Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' and ``

Institutional Characteristics'' surveys. ( This table was prepared August 2001.) 361 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 317.   Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates paid by full time equivalent students in degree granting institutions, by control of institution and by state: 1999   2000 and 2000   01 State or other area Public 4 year, 1999   2000 Public 4 year, 2000   01 1 Private 4 year, 1999   2000 Private 4 year, 2000   01 1 Public 2 year, tuition only ( in state)

Total Tuition ( instate Total Tuition ( instate Room Board Total Tuition Total Tuition Room Board 1999   2000 2000   01 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 United States ........ $ 8,275 $ 3,349 $ 8,655 $ 3,506 $ 2,651 $ 2,498 $ 20,706 $ 14,588 $ 21,907 $ 15,531 $ 3,387 $ 2,989 $ 1,338 $ 1,359 Alabama ..................... 6,743 2,831 7,338 2,987 2,252 2,099 13,505 8,917 14,248 9,430 2,325 2,494 1,486 1,671 Alaska ........................ 8,346 2,852 8,386 2,936 2,923 2,526 13,855 8,661 14,378 9,104 2,128 3,145 2,028 2,088 Arizona ....................... 7,368 2,252 7,872 2,346 2,633 2,893 14,177 7,873 14,935 9,185 3,583 2,167 902 924 Arkansas .................... 6,408 2,784 6,789 3,006 1,946 1,837 12,116 8,470 13,361 9,101 1,930 2,330 1,068 1,159 California .................... 9,179 2,562 9,592 2,561 3,687 3,344 22,058 14,996 24,993 17,590 3,966 3,437 317 316 Colorado ..................... 7,992 2,776 8,360 2,980 2,523 2,858 19,933 13,254 23,599 15,962 3,828 3,808 1,553 1,655 Connecticut ................ 10,087 4,381 10,512 4,543 3,271 2,698 27,195 19,772 27,818 20,151 4,229 3,437 1,895 1,867 Delaware .................... 9,875 4,642 10,290 4,797 2,942 2,551 13,819 8,269 14,041 8,453 3,014 2,575 1,616 1,680 District of Columbia .... ( 2) 2,070 ( 2) 2,070 ( 2) ( 2) 25,909 18,447 27,143 19,310 4,929 2,903 ( 2) ( 2) Florida ........................ 7,483 2,242 7,944 2,365 2,964 2,614 18,215 12,352 19,800 13,723 3,171 2,906 1,333 1,438 Georgia ...................... 7,308 2,524 7,455 2,698 2,599 2,157 18,628 12,660 19,743 13,570 3,499 2,674 1,366 1,374 Hawaii ........................ 8,048 2,962 8,286 2,974 2,225 3,087 15,250 7,568 15,997 8,024 3,527 4,446 1,051 1,067 Idaho .......................... 6,312 2,453 6,763 2,627 1,841 2,295 16,931 12,893 17,783 13,661 2,070 2,053 1,253 1,316 Illinois ......................... 8,998 4,040 9,533 4,177 2,516 2,840 20,802 14,729 21,941 15,477 3,557 2,907 1,499 1,534 Indiana ....................... 8,851 3,647 9,232 3,785 2,435 3,012 20,778 15,643 21,390 16,080 2,682 2,628 2,125 2,125 Iowa ............................ 7,209 2,998 7,589 3,158 2,341 2,090 18,672 14,055 19,454 14,669 2,217 2,569 2,056 2,149 Kansas ....................... 6,312 2,435 6,650 2,637 1,931 2,082 14,917 10,632 15,627 11,179 1,938 2,510 1,308 1,379 Kentucky .................... 6,480 2,723 6,921 2,898 2,013 2,010 13,897 9,614 14,727 10,266 2,175 2,286 1,321 1,376 Louisiana .................... 5,946 2,445 6,304 2,773 1,710 1,821 20,556 14,516 22,154 15,784 3,367 3,003 912 929 Maine ......................... 9,089 4,120 9,361 4,259 2,501 2,601 26,839 20,798 22,689 16,433 3,069 3,187 2,592 2,599 Maryland .................... 10,352 4,552 10,846 4,778 3,370 2,698 24,704 17,781 26,034 18,968 3,994 3,072 2,260 2,271 Massachusetts ........... 9,248 4,133 9,206 4,003 2,814 2,389 27,845 20,088 28,669 20,586 4,447 3,637 1,927 1,891 Michigan ..................... 9,506 4,530 9,841 4,626 2,494 2,721 15,282 10,477 16,040 11,188 2,388 2,464 1,741 1,739 Minnesota ................... 7,717 3,817 8,146 4,024 2,290 1,831 20,445 15,562 21,556 16,456 2,571 2,528 2,372 2,512 Mississippi .................. 6,475 2,879 7,181 2,967 2,130 2,084 12,550 8,808 13,717 9,612 2,009 2,095 971 1,134 Missouri ...................... 8,180 3,700 8,201 3,878 2,503 1,821 16,976 11,897 17,852 12,603 2,696 2,554 1,441 1,482 Montana ..................... 7,460 3,010 7,607 3,076 2,089 2,442 13,245 8,790 14,298 9,489 1,982 2,827 1,955 2,007 Nebraska .................... 7,275 2,932 7,335 3,097 2,038 2,200 15,639 11,305 16,381 11,881 2,243 2,257 1,369 1,425 Nevada ....................... 7,802 2,027 8,252 2,349 3,360 2,543 12,671 7,155 17,397 11,027 3,090 3,280 1,211 1,371 New Hampshire ......... 11,044 6,078 11,717 6,455 3,218 2,044 23,278 16,643 24,525 17,604 3,864 3,057 3,744 3,935 New Jersey ................ 11,458 5,261 11,998 5,607 3,778 2,612 22,952 15,938 23,860 16,773 3,783 3,304 2,155 2,295 New Mexico ............... 6,608 2,340 7,085 2,626 2,115 2,344 14,589 9,561 18,985 14,074 2,416 2,495 824 866 New York ................... 10,018 3,998 10,254 4,062 3,461 2,730 24,028 16,564 25,171 17,434 4,419 3,318 2,554 2,557 North Carolina ............ 6,480 2,052 7,080 2,299 2,378 2,403 18,614 13,494 20,169 14,277 2,656 3,236 778 891 North Dakota .............. 7,008 2,993 6,405 2,938 1,327 2,140 10,952 7,681 11,392 8,021 1,469 1,903 1,891 1,903 Ohio ............................ 9,900 4,502 10,449 4,740 3,043 2,666 20,733 14,826 21,045 15,475 2,820 2,749 2,374 2,294 Oklahoma ................... 5,747 2,187 6,000 2,257 1,598 2,144 14,357 9,832 15,397 10,667 2,196 2,534 1,239 1,250 Oregon ....................... 9,062 3,577 9,397 3,650 2,931 2,816 21,793 16,324 23,306 17,711 2,746 2,849 1,587 1,637 Pennsylvania .............. 10,544 5,613 11,087 5,918 2,752 2,417 23,635 17,006 24,779 17,874 3,699 3,206 2,117 2,285 Rhode Island .............. 10,608 4,328 11,104 4,512 3,482 3,110 25,083 17,655 26,157 18,415 3,925 3,816 1,746 1,806 South Carolina ........... 7,709 3,637 9,065 4,684 2,242 2,138 16,358 11,938 17,583 12,788 2,451 2,344 1,343 1,466 South Dakota ............. 6,513 3,206 6,979 3,486 1,439 2,054 15,008 10,685 15,398 11,250 1,930 2,218 2,752 2,861 Tennessee ................. 6,569 2,699 7,661 2,950 2,133 2,578 17,006 12,133 18,139 12,921 2,750 2,468 1,315 1,441 Texas ......................... 7,512 2,648 7,634 2,803 2,507 2,324 16,043 11,247 16,973 11,944 2,552 2,477 890 931 Utah ............................ 6,291 2,139 6,623 2,244 1,879 2,501 7,917 3,550 8,576 3,730 2,378 2,468 1,497 1,563 Vermont ...................... 12,484 6,918 12,836 7,134 3,542 2,160 24,636 18,298 22,312 15,679 3,577 3,057 2,846 3,004 Virginia ....................... 8,618 3,730 8,744 3,723 2,664 2,357 17,927 12,758 18,700 13,299 2,678 2,723 1,139 1,132 Washington ................ 8,303 3,355 8,917 3,604 2,624 2,690 20,141 14,765 21,510 15,882 2,888 2,740 1,649 1,745 West Virginia .............. 7,100 2,548 7,287 2,548 2,304 2,435 17,002 12,242 18,338 13,066 2,351 2,921 1,592 1,667 Wisconsin ................... 7,273 3,315 7,385 3,414 2,154 1,816 19,368 14,347 20,271 14,994 2,639 2,638 2,107 2,262 Wyoming .................... 7,091 2,416 7,017 2,575 1,916 2,526 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) 1,320 1,442 1 Preliminary data based on fall 1999 enrollments. 2 Not applicable.

NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average charges. Tuition and fees were weighted by the number of full time equivalent undergraduates in 1999, but are not adjusted to reflect student residency. Room and board are based on full time students. Data for 1999 imputed using alternative procedures. ( See Guide to Sources for details.) Data revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' and `` Institutional Characteristics'' surveys. ( This table was prepared August 2001.) 362 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 318.   Average undergraduate tuition and fees and room and board rates in degree granting institutions, by percentile distribution of students, type and control of institution: 1999   2000 and 2000   01 Type of student charge and percentile of student enrollment Public institutions Private institutions Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year 1999   2000 2000   01 1999   2000 2000   01 1999   2000 2000   01 1999   2000 2000   01 1999   2000 2000   01 1999   2000 2000   01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Tuition, room, and board 10th percentile ................. $ 5,261 $ 5,741 $ 6,088 $ 6,503 $ 3,150 $ 3,321 $ 12,811 $ 13,514 $ 13,144 $ 13,966 $ 6,198 $ 6,850 25th percentile ................. 6,557 6,880 6,946 7,327 3,642 3,859 16,538 17,530 16,717 17,714 6,375 6,850 Median ( 50th percentile) 7,936 8,279 8,072 8,484 4,474 4,680 21,311 22,427 21,412 22,493 10,032 13,220 75th percentile ................. 9,254 9,644 9,387 9,816 5,467 5,825 26,436 27,430 26,468 27,476 17,653 17,062 90th percentile ................. 10,970 11,384 11,122 11,611 6,557 6,895 31,400 32,659 31,422 37,715 21,089 21,845 Tuition and required fees 10th percentile ................. 767 745 2,013 2,129 308 315 6,825 7,582 7,488 8,305 3,400 5,013 25th percentile ................. 1,441 1,504 2,390 2,534 783 830 9,350 10,730 10,450 11,548 6,235 6,843 Median ( 50th percentile) 2,320 2,425 3,128 3,316 1,318 1,416 13,763 14,910 14,430 15,455 7,800 8,255 75th percentile ................. 3,350 3,450 4,034 4,094 1,789 1,800 17,940 18,910 18,450 19,400 9,410 11,064 90th percentile ................. 4,383 4,617 4,800 5,136 2,418 2,465 23,295 24,336 23,469 24,450 12,340 13,010 NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average charges paid by students Student charges were weighted by the number of full time equivalent undergraduates but were not adjusted to reflect student residency. The data have not been adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of the dollar. Data for 2000   01 are preliminary figures based on fall 1999 enrollment. Data for 1999 enrollments imputed using alternative procedures. ( See Guide to Sources for details.) Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' and `` Institutional Characteristics'' surveys. ( This table was prepared August 2001.)

Table 319.   Average graduate and first professional tuition and required fees in degree granting institutions, by control of institution: 1987   88 to 1999   2000 Year Average full time graduate tuition Average full time first professional tuition Chiropractic Dentistry Medicine Optometry Osteopathic medicine Pharmacy Podiatry Veterinary medicine Law Theology 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 All institutions 1987   88 ................................ $ 3,599 $ 6,996 $ 9,399 $ 9,034 $ 7,926 $ 10,674 $ 5,201 $ 12,736 $ 4,503 $ 6,636 $ 3,572 1988   89 ................................ 3,728 7,972 9,324 9,439 8,503 11,462 4,952 13,232 4,856 7,099 3,911 1989   90 ................................ 4,135 8,315 10,515 10,597 9,469 11,888 5,890 14,611 5,470 8,059 4,079 1990   91 ................................ 4,488 9,108 10,270 10,571 9,512 12,830 5,889 15,143 5,396 8,708 4,569 1991   92 ................................ 5,116 10,226 12,049 11,646 9,610 13,004 6,731 16,257 6,367 9,469 4,876 1992   93 ................................ 5,475 11,117 12,710 12,265 10,858 14,297 6,635 17,426 6,771 10,463 5,331 1993   94 ................................ 5,973 11,503 14,403 13,074 10,385 15,038 7,960 17,621 7,159 11,552 5,253 1994   95 ................................ 6,247 12,324 15,164 13,834 11,053 15,913 8,315 18,138 7,741 12,374 5,648 1995   96 ................................ 6,741 12,507 15,647 14,860 11,544 16,785 8,602 18,434 8,208 13,278 5,991 1996   97 ................................ 7,111 12,721 16,585 15,481 12,250 17,888 9,207 19,056 8,668 14,081 6,558 1997   98 ................................ 7,246 13,131 17,393 16,075 12,685 18,654 9,544 19,355 9,013 14,877 6,761 1998   99 1 .............................. 7,685 13,708 18,549 17,011 13,592 19,523 10,164 19,606 9,347 15,599 6,917 1999   2000 2 .......................... 8,062 14,224 18,902 17,627 13,795 20,234 10,782 20,164 9,919 16,368 7,076 Public 3 1987   88 ................................ 1,827   4,614 5,245 2,789 5,125 2,462   3,523 2,810   1988   89 ................................ 1,913   5,286 5,669 3,455 6,269 2,218   3,889 2,766   1989   90 ................................ 1,999   5,728 6,259 3,569 6,521 2,816   4,505 3,196   1990   91 ................................ 2,206   5,927 6,437 3,821 7,188 2,697   4,840 3,430   1991   92 ................................ 2,524   6,595 7,106 4,161 7,699 2,871   5,231 3,933   1992   93 ................................ 2,791   7,006 7,867 5,106 8,404 2,987   5,553 4,261   1993   94 ................................ 3,050   7,525 8,329 5,325 8,640 3,567   6,107 4,835   1994   95 ................................ 3,250   8,125 8,812 5,643 8,954 3,793   6,571 5,307   1995   96 ................................ 3,449   8,806 9,585 6,130 9,448 4,100   6,907 5,821   1996   97 ................................ 3,607   9,434 10,057 6,561 9,932 4,884   7,343 6,565   1997   98 ................................ 3,744   9,657 10,501 7,366 10,358 5,065 19,541 7,742 7,004   1998   99 1 .............................. 3,897   10,213 11,139 7,633 10,718 5,537 19,818 8,040 7,422   1999   2000 2 .......................... 4,056   10,514 11,574 7,756 11,107 5,855 19,578 8,601 7,740   Private 1987   88 ................................ 6,769 6,996 16,201 14,945 11,635 13,311 8,834 12,736 12,544 9,048 3,572 1988   89 ................................ 6,945 7,972 16,127 15,610 12,050 13,536 9,692 13,232 13,285 9,892 3,911 1989   90 ................................ 7,881 8,315 16,800 16,826 13,640 14,117 10,656 14,611 14,184 10,901 4,079 1990   91 ................................ 8,507 9,108 18,270 17,899 13,767 15,009 11,546 15,143 14,159 12,247 4,569 1991   92 ................................ 9,592 10,226 20,318 19,225 14,366 16,098 12,937 16,257 15,816 12,946 4,876 1992   93 ................................ 10,008 11,117 21,309 19,585 14,459 17,098 13,373 17,426 17,103 13,975 5,331 1993   94 ................................ 10,790 11,503 23,824 20,769 14,156 17,720 14,838 17,621 17,433 15,193 5,253 1994   95 ................................ 11,338 12,324 24,641 21,819 14,497 18,422 14,894 18,138 17,940 16,201 5,648 1995   96 ................................ 12,083 12,507 25,678 23,001 15,235 19,619 15,618 18,434 19,380 17,251 5,991 1996   97 ................................ 12,537 12,721 26,618 24,242 15,949 20,714 15,934 19,056 19,526 18,276 6,558 1997   98 ................................ 12,774 13,151 29,923 25,189 16,415 21,710 16,307 19,316 20,299 19,171 6,761 1998   99 1 .............................. 13,299 13,708 31,703 26,361 17,935 22,767 17,123 19,562 20,946 20,087 6,917 1999   2000 2 .......................... 13,955 14,224 32,487 27,544 18,028 23,596 18,190 20,286 21,618 21,060 7,076   Not available. 1 Preliminary first professional figures based on 1997   98 graduates. 2 Preliminary graduate figures based on fall 1998 data and first professional figures based on 1997   98 graduates. 3 Data are based on in state tuition only.

NOTE: Average graduate student tuition weighted by fall full time equivalent graduate enrollment. Average first professional tuition weighted by number of degrees conferred during the academic year. Some year to year fluctuations in tuition data may reflect nonreporting by individual institutions. Excludes institutions not reporting degrees conferred and institutions not reporting tuition. Data for 1987   88 to 1997   98 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate or higher degrees. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Institutional Characteristics,'' `` Fall Enrollment,'' and `` Degrees Conferred'' surveys. ( This table was prepared September 2000.) 363 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 320.   Percent of undergraduates receiving financial aid, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics: 1995   96 Selected student characteristics Enrollment of undergraduates 1 in thousands Any aid Grants Loans Work study Other Total 2 Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total 3 Total Federal Nonfederal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Percent of all undergraduates receiving aid All undergraduates ............. 16,677 49.7 36.6 32.0 39.0 21.9 27.6 25.6 25.3 1.1 5.0 7.4 2.4 4.8 Sex Men ..................................... 7,197 46.7 33.1 31.4 35.8 18.2 26.4 24.4 23.9 1.3 4.3 8.7 2.7 5.8 Women ................................ 9,481 51.9 39.2 32.5 41.4 24.8 28.5 26.5 26.2 0.9 5.6 6.5 2.2 4.2 Race/ ethnicity White, non Hispanic ............ 11,681 47.1 33.2 31.1 35.4 16.6 26.9 25.6 25.2 1.0 4.6 7.5 2.5 4.8 Black, non Hispanic ............ 2,030 62.9 50.0 38.3 52.8 38.1 31.7 30.9 30.4 1.3 6.1 9.8 2.6 7.0 Hispanic ............................... 1,723 54.2 44.6 30.6 47.3 36.1 27.2 22.3 22.0 0.9 5.8 5.2 1.5 3.6 Asian American/ Pacific Islander ................ 967 42.9 33.1 30.8 35.7 22.9 27.5 21.3 20.7 1.3 6.6 5.7 2.2 3.5 American Indian/ Alaskan Native ................. 163 59.4 47.8 37.1 48.4 37.3 27.3 25.2 25.2 0.2 3.9 12.0 1.5 7.7 Age 23 years old or younger ...... 9,116 53.5 42.1 34.0 41.7 22.7 30.9 31.1 30.7 1.2 7.7 7.7 4.4 3.4 24 to 29 years old ............... 3,049 49.0 37.8 29.2 38.5 25.5 23.3 25.8 25.5 1.0 2.5 7.1 0.0 6.9 30 years old or over ............ 4,513 42.5 24.8 29.9 33.9 18.0 23.8 14.5 14.1 0.8 1.4 7.1 0.0 6.4 Marital status Married ................................ 3,494 45.2 27.6 30.5 35.4 18.7 24.2 16.8 16.5 0.7 1.4 7.3 0.0 6.8 Not married 4 ....................... 12,861 50.4 38.4 32.2 39.4 22.0 28.5 27.9 27.5 1.2 6.1 7.3 3.1 4.1 Separated ............................ 322 70.9 61.6 38.7 62.0 54.3 29.1 30.0 30.0 0.8 3.3 13.4 0.1 12.5 Attendance status Full time, full year ................ 6,306 68.4 55.6 45.7 54.1 30.6 41.0 43.7 43.2 1.7 11.0 10.9 5.0 5.9 Part time and part year ....... 10,372 38.3 24.8 24.0 29.9 16.6 19.7 14.4 14.1 0.7 1.4 5.4 0.8 4.3 Dependency status and family income Dependent ........................... 8,201 50.9 39.2 33.4 38.8 18.9 30.7 30.5 30.1 1.3 7.8 7.7 4.9 3.0 Less than $ 20,000 ........... 1,543 70.2 62.9 43.0 66.3 57.0 40.4 35.4 35.2 1.1 10.9 6.5 3.0 3.6 $ 20,000   $ 39,999 ............. 1,873 60.3 49.2 40.5 51.0 31.7 38.1 38.2 37.4 2.0 10.4 7.5 4.4 3.2 $ 40,000   $ 59,999 ............. 1,865 47.4 34.6 31.8 30.4 3.7 29.2 32.4 32.2 1.1 7.8 9.0 6.3 2.9 $ 60,000   $ 79,999 ............. 1,366 42.5 28.4 28.1 25.3 0.5 25.3 27.0 26.6 1.1 5.8 8.1 5.6 2.6 $ 80,000   $ 99,999 ............. 681 37.6 24.4 24.4 50.4 0.2 20.3 23.3 23.1 0.6 4.9 9.0 6.0 3.2 $ 100,000 or more ............ 873 27.5 13.9 19.7 17.3 0.3 17.1 12.6 12.2 1.0 2.7 6.0 4.1 1.9 Independent ........................ 8,476 48.5 34.1 30.7 39.2 24.8 24.6 20.9 20.5 0.9 2.3 7.1 0.0 6.7 Less than $ 9,999 ............. 2,470 67.4 59.0 37.5 60.5 52.3 30.8 34.0 33.7 1.1 5.7 8.4 0.0 8.2 $ 10,000   $ 19,999 ............. 1,923 50.6 38.6 29.8 38.4 24.4 23.2 23.7 23.1 1.3 1.6 7.7 0.0 7.2 $ 20,000   $ 29,999 ............. 1,382 41.9 26.0 28.3 34.0 18.3 22.9 15.7 15.4 0.9 0.9 6.3 0.0 5.9 $ 30,000   $ 49,999 ............. 1,502 36.3 16.4 27.3 24.7 6.0 21.0 12.3 12.1 0.4 0.6 6.9 0.0 6.2 $ 50,000 or more .............. 1,201 29.3 7.0 25.1 20.7 0.1 20.7 5.9 5.8 0.2 0.1 4.9 0.0 4.3 Housing status School owned ...................... 2,292 73.6 60.0 54.6 59.5 26.6 51.6 53.1 52.5 2.4 18.9 13.7 9.3 4.7 Off campus, not with parents ............................. 10,188 46.1 32.5 29.0 35.5 20.6 23.8 22.2 21.8 0.9 2.8 7.0 1.1 5.5 With parents ........................ 4,197 45.3 33.7 26.9 36.4 22.6 23.8 19.0 18.7 0.7 2.9 5.1 1.6 3.3 1 Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey. Includes all postsecondary institutions.

2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source or type of aid.

3 Details on federal and nonfederal work study participants are not available.

4 Includes students who were single, divorced, or widowed. NOTE: Row may not sum to totals due to rounding and/ or the fact that some students receive aid from multiple sources. Because of rounding and survey item nonresponse, enrollment data may not add to totals. Data include undergraduates in degree granting and non degree granting institutions.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1995   96. ( This table was prepared September 1997.) 364 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 321.   Average amount of financial aid awarded in 1995   96 per student, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics Selected student characteristics Enrollment of undergraduates 1 in thousands Any aid Grants Loans Work study Other Total 2 Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total 3 Total Federal Nonfederal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Average 1995   96 award for full time, full year undergraduates enrolled in fall 1995 ( Award averages are computed for students participating in the designated program.)

All full time, full year undergraduates ............... 6,306 $ 6,832 $ 5,362 $ 3,883 $ 3,864 $ 2,001 $ 3,599 $ 4,345 $ 4,288 $ 2,747 $ 1,371 $ 4,904 $ 6,334 $ 3,463 Sex Men ..................................... 2,843 6,847 5,553 3,952 3,759 1,961 3,532 4,396 4,339 2,729 1,350 4,983 6,261 3,788 Women ................................ 3,462 6,821 5,225 3,831 3,939 2,027 3,648 4,308 4,251 2,762 1,384 4,818 6,400 3,053 Race/ ethnicity White, non Hispanic ............ 4,500 6,836 5,549 3,848 3,762 1,894 3,541 4,437 4,366 2,912 1,367 5,070 6,426 3,550 Black, non Hispanic ............ 674 6,945 5,262 3,739 3,904 2,122 3,533 4,070 4,046 2,197 1,370 4,147 5,717 3,000 Hispanic ............................... 588 5,999 4,644 3,328 3,486 2,113 3,017 4,168 4,137 2,235 1,152 4,527 6,047 3,475 Asian American/ Pacific Islander ................ 423 8,099 5,106 5,200 5,477 2,164 5,028 4,073 4,053 2,414 1,618 5,364 6,625 4,050 American Indian/ Alaskan Native ................. 59 6,591 5,046 3,792 3,961 2,301 3,658 4,278 4,244           Age 23 years old or younger ...... 4,989 6,903 5,172 4,154 4,172 1,997 3,924 4,003 3,927 3,036 1,346 5,362 6,334 3,543 24 to 29 years old ............... 686 6,909 6,165 2,814 2,829 1,992 2,087 5,471 5,471 1,668 1,569 3,652   3,364 30 years old or over ............ 631 6,255 5,628 2,941 2,887 2,033 2,247 5,391 5,389 1,611 1,516 3,633   3,380 Marital status Married ................................ 600 6,143 5,587 2,926 2,744 1,914 2,225 5,296 5,284 2,826 1,576 3,729   3,318 Not married 4 ....................... 5,626 6,944 5,342 4,008 4,022 2,013 3,748 4,230 4,168 2,749 1,360 5,116 6,334 3,540 Separated ............................ 80 5,378 4,877 2,473 2,650 2,061 1,850 4,532 4,519     2,675   2,703 Dependency status and family income Dependent ........................... 4,659 6,938 5,137 4,253 4,279 1,969 4,027 3,900 3,820 3,015 1,348 5,475 6,334 3,590 Less than $ 20,000 ........... 808 7,198 4,921 4,063 4,682 2,329 3,896 3,778 3,737 1,844 1,317 3,616 4,534 2,858 $ 20,000   $ 39,999 ............. 1,042 7,258 4,930 4,388 4,296 1,619 4,208 3,975 3,924 2,441 1,360 4,212 5,207 2,608 $ 40,000   $ 59,999 ............. 1,043 6,913 5,090 4,436 4,176 1,147 4,180 3,908 3,819 3,044 1,387 5,277 5,643 3,807 $ 60,000   $ 79,999 ............. 798 6,455 5,338 4,236 3,992 1,370 3,972 3,904 3,815 3,340 1,278 6,337 6,779 4,766 $ 80,000   $ 99,999 ............. 399 6,758 6,008 4,207 3,839   3,843 3,793 3,731   1,288 7,756 7,936 6,671 $ 100,000 or more ............ 568 6,051 6,319 3,816 3,481   3,465 4,082 3,707 6,051 1,523 7,990 9,705 3,668 Independent ........................ 1,647 6,587 5,822 2,872 2,939 2,043 2,234 5,368 5,362 1,936 1,474 3,606   3,355 Less than $ 9,999 ............. 754 7,051 5,920 2,800 3,151 2,111 2,256 5,251 5,263 1,573 1,473 3,448   3,248 $ 10,000   $ 19,999 ............. 377 6,310 5,695 2,653 2,756 2,115 2,060 5,526 5,516 1,678 1,708 3,174   3,061 $ 20,000   $ 29,999 ............. 213 6,065 5,789 2,812 2,386 1,805 1,790 5,245 5,254     4,544   4,254 $ 30,000   $ 49,999 ............. 187 6,420 5,857 3,770 2,687 1,147 2,951 5,949 5,856     4,247   3,797 $ 50,000 or more .............. 117 4,597 5,095 3,186 2,647   2,647 4,984 4,933     3,087   2,387 Housing status School owned ...................... 1,802 8,907 5,931 5,370 5,409 2,118 5,039 3,996 3,887 3,235 1,408 5,929 6,728 3,772 Off campus, not with parents ............................. 2,731 6,466 5,630 3,178 3,192 1,975 2,777 4,889 4,861 2,458 1,390 4,294 6,035 3,412 With parents ........................ 1,772 4,629 3,980 2,613 2,856 1,935 2,405 3,693 3,672 2,105 1,163 4,014 5,166 3,197 Average 1995   96 award for other undergraduates enrolled in fall 1995 ( Award averages are computed for students participating in the designated program.)

All other undergraduates .. 10,372 $ 2,859 $ 3,276 $ 1,327 $ 1,452 $ 1,296 $ 1,119 $ 3,583 $ 3,588 $ 1,411 $ 1,524 $ 2,187 $ 4,327 $ 1,726 Sex Men ..................................... 4,353 2,999 3,570 1,525 1,442 1,274 1,195 3,625 3,647 1,285 1,564 2,521 4,009 2,136 Women ................................ 6,019 2,772 3,115 1,188 1,458 1,306 1,069 3,556 3,551 1,592 1,502 1,875 4,674 1,355 Race/ ethnicity White, non Hispanic ............ 7,181 2,869 3,436 1,347 1,378 1,238 1,132 3,620 3,629 1,362 1,537 2,175 4,488 1,695 Black, non Hispanic ............ 1,356 2,889 3,166 1,320 1,524 1,315 1,119 3,491 3,500 1,259 1,570 2,081 3,879 1,817 Hispanic ............................... 1,135 2,526 2,740 985 1,431 1,352 829 3,434 3,437 1,646 1,372 2,040 3,325 1,735 Asian American/ Pacific Islander ................ 544 3,563 3,592 1,817 2,038 1,526 1,549 3,842 3,777   1,612 3,356 5,212 2,150 American Indian/ Alaskan Native ................. 105 2,552 2,459 1,296 1,772 1,553 1,166 2,938 2,938           Age 23 years old or younger ...... 4,127 3,159 3,118 1,556 1,683 1,316 1,403 3,097 3,069 1,973 1,442 2,828 4,336 1,742 24 to 29 years old ............... 2,363 3,062 3,612 1,265 1,308 1,254 944 4,053 4,067 1,071 1,564 2,098   1,985 30 years old or over ............ 3,882 2,395 3,233 1,181 1,308 1,302 977 4,023 4,097 1,086 1,763 1,669   1,562 Marital status Married ................................ 2,894 2,365 3,201 1,208 1,259 1,245 987 3,979 3,984 1,155 1,994 1,721   1,650 Not married 4 ....................... 7,236 3,047 3,318 1,381 1,530 1,312 1,199 3,483 3,490 1,501 1,498 2,406 4,336 1,695 Separated ............................ 242 3,123 3,021 1,430 1,515 1,301 768 3,517 3,481     2,411   2,514 Dependency status and family income Dependent ........................... 3,542 3,278 3,241 1,675 1,766 1,320 1,555 2,978 2,941 2,029 1,415 3,053 4,336 1,595 Less than $ 20,000 ........... 736 3,260 2,892 1,567 1,967 1,480 1,504 2,879 2,847   1,451 2,250 3,059 1,322 $ 20,000   $ 39,999 ............. 820 3,163 3,149 1,478 1,510 1,042 1,367 2,923 2,934   1,296 2,807 3,766 1,659 $ 40,000   $ 59,999 ............. 822 3,347 3,467 1,788 1,658 608 1,692 2,886 2,843   1,407 3,333 4,447 1,571 $ 60,000   $ 79,999 ............. 568 3,590 3,962 2,110 1,797   1,775 3,363 3,251   1,533 3,634 5,190   $ 80,000   $ 99,999 ............. 283 3,012 3,787 1,697 1,865   1,865 3,139 3,118     2,602     $ 100,000 or more ............ 305 3,315 4,881 1,849 1,674   1,674 3,244 3,053     4,390     Independent ........................ 6,829 2,686 3,294 1,208 1,337 1,287 958 3,962 3,996 1,093 1,648 1,841   1,752 Less than $ 9,999 ............. 1,716 3,239 3,251 1,229 1,590 1,362 950 3,812 3,821 1,110 1,579 1,916   1,861 $ 10,000   $ 19,999 ............. 1,546 2,870 3,325 1,200 1,326 1,366 836 3,970 4,059 883 1,735 1,941   1,936 365 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 321.   Average amount of financial aid awarded in 1995   96 per student, by type and source of aid and selected student characteristics   Continued Selected student characteristics Enrollment of undergraduates 1 in thousands Any aid Grants Loans Work study Other Total 2 Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total 3 Total Federal Nonfederal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $ 20,000   $ 29,999 ............. 1,169 2,357 3,144 1,101 1,042 1,008 802 4,151 4,209 823   2,106   1,969 $ 30,000   $ 49,999 ............. 1,315 2,091 3,496 1,224 1,020 737 1,007 4,162 4,139     1,740   1,511 $ 50,000 or more .............. 1,083 1,705 3,814 1,273 1,263   1,262 4,350 4,392     1,250   1,135 Housing status School owned ...................... 490 2,782 3,362 1,267 1,371 1,273 1,045 3,815 3,828 1,461 1,669 1,960 4,356 1,696 Off campus, not with parents ............................. 7,456 4,827 4,218 2,513 2,481 1,460 2,305 3,303 3,284 1,583 1,208 4,071 4,961 2,474 With parents ........................ 2,425 2,497 2,713 1,160 1,406 1,316 960 2,994 2,991 1,163 1,467 2,373 3,690 1,722   Not available. 1 Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey of students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. Includes all postsecondary institutions. 2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid, but did not specify the source or type of aid. 3 Details on federal and nonfederal work study participants are not available. 4 Includes students who were single, divorced, or widowed. NOTE: Row may not sum to totals due to rounding and/ or the fact that some students receive aid from multiple sources. Because of rounding and survey item nonresponse, enrollment data may not add to totals. Data include undergraduates in degree granting and non degree granting institutions.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1995   96. ( This table was prepared September 1997.)

Table 322.   Undergraduates enrolled full time and part time, by aid status and source of aid during 1995   96, and control and level of institution Control and level of institution Number of undergraduates 1995,1 in thousands Cumulative amount borrowed for undergraduate education Aid status, 1995   96, in percents Nonaided Receiving aid, by source Any aid 2 Federal State Institutional Other 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Full time students 3 All institutions ................................................. 6,306 $ 7,747 31.6 68.4 55.6 19.8 27.7 10.9 Public .................................................................... 4,413 7,082 37.2 62.8 50.8 17.4 18.8 9.3 4 year doctoral ................................................ 1,859 8,699 34.7 65.4 51.9 17.6 22.9 11.0 Other 4 year .................................................... 1,070 7,168 30.7 69.3 59.8 22.8 19.1 8.6 2 year .............................................................. 1,397 4,120 44.1 55.9 44.5 13.5 13.9 7.4 Less than 2   year ............................................. 88 3,111 60.5 39.5 20.6 9.6 7.2 12.6 Private, not for profit ............................................ 1,555 9,460 19.7 80.3 64.0 28.1 56.3 14.0 4 year doctoral ................................................ 508 10,415 29.4 70.6 55.4 19.5 52.3 13.3 Other 4 year .................................................... 958 9,243 14.4 85.6 68.3 33.1 60.5 14.6 2 year or less .................................................. 89 6,867 20.8 79.2 67.5 24.0 33.9 11.4 Private, for profit ................................................... 337 6,942 13.8 86.2 79.7 12.8 11.5 17.2 2 year and above ............................................ 167 9,026 14.3 85.8 79.1 18.1 5.9 15.3 Less than 2 year ............................................. 170 4,745 13.4 86.6 80.3 7.6 17.0 19.1 Part time students 3 All institutions ................................................. 10,157 $ 5,672 61.8 38.3 24.8 6.5 8.9 5.4 Public .................................................................... 8,519 5,265 66.3 33.7 20.8 5.5 7.4 4.7 4 year doctoral ................................................ 1,211 8,210 41.8 41.8 31.2 7.5 10.1 5.8 Other 4 year .................................................... 1,030 6,581 41.9 41.9 30.9 8.1 6.1 4.8 2 year .............................................................. 6,174 3,833 30.7 30.7 17.2 4.5 7.1 4.4 Less than 2 year ............................................. 105 3,274 34.3 34.3 13.9 13.9 4.4 8.6 Private, not for profit ............................................ 1,070 8,302 44.4 55.6 34.9 12.8 21.2 8.6 4 year doctoral ................................................ 280 9,474 51.0 51.0 27.7 10.2 22.5 8.4 Other 4 year .................................................... 668 8,305 58.4 58.4 37.0 14.6 22.0 8.9 2 year or less .................................................. 123 5,529 50.8 50.8 39.7 9.0 14.5 7.8 Private, for profit ................................................... 567 5,194 25.9 74.1 66.4 9.5 8.9 10.4 2 year and above ............................................ 269 6,395 74.5 74.5 66.9 11.2 6.7 12.2 Less than 2 year ............................................. 298 4,055 73.8 73.8 66.1 7.9 10.9 8.7 1 Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey. Includes students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. 2 Includes students who reported that they were awarded aid but did not specify the source of the aid. 3 Full time students are students who attend full time for the entire academic year. All other students, including those who attend full time for part of the academic year, are counted as part time students. NOTE: Because some students receive aid from multiple sources, percents do not add to totals. Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1995   96. ( This table was prepared September 1997.) 366 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 323.   Percent of undergraduates receiving aid, by type and source of aid received, and by control and level of institution: 1992   93 and 1995   96 Control and level of institution Number of undergraduates 1 in thousands Percent receiving aid, by type and source Any aid Grants Loans Work study Other Total 2 Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total Federal Nonfederal Total Federal 3 Total Federal Nonfederal 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Full time students, 4 1992   93 All institutions .......... 6,000 57.9 45.6 37.9 48.1 29.4 34.0 33.6 32.7 2.7 10.2 6.8 9.5 5.2 4.6 Public ............................. 4,110 51.9 40.0 33.0 42.3 27.8 29.1 26.9 26.1 2.0 6.8 4.2 7.9 3.7 4.4 4 year doctoral .......... 1,772 53.7 39.3 34.8 41.9 23.8 30.8 33.0 32.2 2.4 7.1 4.3 8.6 5.0 3.9 Other 4 year .............. 1,087 56.4 46.1 37.4 45.5 32.1 32.4 33.7 32.7 2.8 9.5 5.5 7.9 4.2 3.8 2 year ........................ 1,196 45.9 36.0 27.0 40.6 29.9 24.3 12.7 12.3 0.7 4.1 3.0 7.0 1.3 5.7 Less than 2 year ....... 55 35.0 31.6 15.7 29.9 26.6 12.8 3.0 3.0 0.6 1.5 1.4 5.1 0.8 4.4 Private, not for profit ...... 1,469 69.5 53.4 58.0 62.1 27.7 54.1 46.5 44.9 4.9 22.2 15.9 12.1 7.7 5.0 4 year doctoral .......... 681 62.7 44.5 54.8 55.2 17.3 51.8 41.6 39.7 6.1 18.9 13.2 11.6 7.4 4.5 Other 4 year .............. 719 75.5 60.8 62.7 68.7 35.6 58.1 51.7 50.3 4.1 27.0 19.7 12.2 7.9 5.3 2 year or less ............ 70 73.9 63.9 42.0 61.3 47.3 35.4 41.1 39.5 2.5 4.6 3.0 17.2 9.4 7.8 Private, for profit ............ 421 76.1 72.4 16.4 55.3 50.9 11.4 54.1 53.8 2.1 1.9 0.7 15.6 11.3 4.5 2 year and above ...... 182 80.6 77.4 22.7 49.5 43.4 16.4 65.2 65.2 3.0 3.5 1.4 24.6 18.8 6.5 Less than 2 year ....... 238 72.7 68.6 11.5 59.7 56.7 7.5 45.6 45.1 1.5 0.7 0.2 8.7 5.6 3.1 Full time students, 4 1995   96 All institutions .......... 6,306 68.4 55.6 45.7 54.1 30.6 41.0 43.7 43.2 1.7 11.0 9.0 10.9 5.0 5.9 Public ............................. 4,413 62.8 50.8 39.0 47.5 29.6 34.2 37.2 36.9 0.8 7.0 5.4 9.3 3.7 5.5 4 year doctoral .......... 1,859 65.4 51.9 42.2 47.6 26.1 37.2 44.5 44.1 1.4 7.4 5.3 11.0 5.6 5.4 Other 4 year .............. 1,070 69.3 59.8 44.5 52.3 34.4 40.0 47.4 47.2 0.4 9.2 6.7 8.6 3.7 4.8 2 year ........................ 1,397 55.9 44.5 31.3 44.6 31.1 26.9 21.8 21.3 0.4 5.1 4.7 7.4 1.3 6.0 Less than 2 year ....... 88 39.5 20.6 27.5 30.9 18.5 16.0 4.4 4.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 12.6 0.1 12.0 Private, not for private ... 1,555 80.3 64.0 67.6 71.3 28.6 64.8 56.9 56.2 3.4 24.6 21.0 14.0 8.2 6.1 4 year doctoral .......... 508 70.6 55.4 61.2 61.6 19.3 58.7 50.9 49.9 3.9 22.6 20.2 13.3 8.6 4.9 Other 4 year .............. 958 85.6 68.3 72.5 77.3 32.5 70.1 60.4 60.0 2.6 27.6 23.0 14.6 8.2 6.7 2 year or less ............ 89 79.2 67.5 52.0 61.9 40.0 42.0 52.9 51.7 9.3 5.3 4.6 11.4 5.0 6.3 Private, for profit ............ 337 86.2 79.7 32.7 61.3 53.9 20.2 67.7 65.5 5.1 0.5 0.5 17.2 7.6 8.9 2 year and above ...... 167 85.8 80.3 33.0 60.0 49.1 26.0 70.9 70.9 1.4 0.7 0.7 15.3 7.8 6.9 Less than 2 year ....... 170 86.6 79.1 32.5 62.5 58.6 14.5 64.6 60.3 8.7 0.3 0.2 19.1 7.4 10.9 Part time students, 4 1995   96 All institutions .......... 10,157 38.3 24.8 24.0 29.9 16.6 19.7 14.4 14.1 0.7 1.4 1.1 5.4 0.8 4.3 Public ............................. 8,519 33.7 20.8 21.7 26.5 14.4 17.9 10.5 10.3 0.3 1.2 0.9 4.7 0.4 3.9 4 year doctoral .......... 1,211 41.8 31.2 23.7 28.9 16.9 19.0 25.9 25.6 0.7 2.4 1.4 5.8 1.7 3.9 Other 4 year .............. 1,030 41.9 30.9 22.8 30.2 18.2 19.3 22.3 22.1 0.4 2.3 2.0 4.8 0.8 3.7 2 year ........................ 6,174 30.7 17.2 21.1 25.4 13.4 17.5 5.7 5.5 0.3 0.8 0.7 4.4 0.2 3.9 Less than 2 year ....... 105 34.3 13.9 26.0 27.8 12.3 17.4 2.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.6 0.0 8.3 Private, not for profit ...... 1,070 55.6 34.9 41.5 44.1 17.9 36.1 26.4 26.1 1.3 4.0 3.1 8.6 2.0 6.6 4 year doctoral .......... 280 51.0 27.7 39.7 39.3 12.0 34.3 24.4 23.6 1.4 4.6 3.7 8.4 2.1 5.9 Other 4 year .............. 668 58.4 37.0 44.6 47.5 19.1 39.7 27.3 27.2 0.8 4.5 3.3 8.9 1.7 7.1 2 year or less ............ 123 50.8 39.7 28.3 36.8 24.6 20.5 26.2 25.9 4.3 0.4 0.3 7.8 2.9 5.1 Private, for profit ............ 567 74.1 66.4 24.3 53.4 46.4 15.3 50.3 49.3 4.6 0.4 0.4 10.4 4.2 5.7 2 year and above ...... 269 74.5 66.9 25.5 53.4 44.8 17.9 50.2 49.8 1.7 0.8 0.7 12.2 4.9 6.9 Less than 2 year ....... 298 73.8 66.1 23.2 53.5 47.9 13.0 50.5 48.8 7.2 0.1 0.1 8.7 3.5 4.7 1 Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey. Includes students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. 2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid but did not specify the source of aid. 3 Details on nonfederal work study participants are not available. 4 Full time students are students who attend full time for the entire academic year. All other students, including those who attend full time for part of the academic year, are counted as part time students. NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Because some students receive multiple types and sources of aid and rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1992   93 and 1995   96. ( This table was prepared September 1997.) 367 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 324.   Undergraduates enrolled full time and part time, by federal aid program and by control and level of institution: 1995   96 Control and level of institution Number of undergraduates 1995, 1 in thousands Percent receiving federal aid in 1995   96, by type Any federal aid Selected Title IV programs 2 Any Title IV aid Pell SEOG3 CWS4 Perkins 5 Stafford 6 PLUS7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Full time students 8 All institutions .......................... 6,306 55.6 54.7 30.1 9.1 9.0 7.6 42.2 5.0 Public ............................................. 4,413 50.8 49.9 29.2 7.2 5.4 5.4 36.0 3.7 4 year doctoral .......................... 1,859 51.9 50.9 25.5 6.9 5.3 8.5 43.2 5.6 Other 4 year .............................. 1,070 59.8 59.1 34.0 8.4 6.7 6.0 45.8 3.7 2 year ........................................ 1,397 44.5 43.3 31.1 7.3 4.7 1.4 20.7 1.3 Less than 2 year ....................... 88 20.6 20.2 18.5 0.3 0.1 ( 9) 4.4 0.1 Private, not for profit ...................... 1,555 64.0 63.2 27.4 13.0 21.0 14.4 55.1 8.2 4 year doctoral .......................... 508 55.4 54.5 17.8 9.7 20.2 17.0 48.9 8.6 Other 4 year .............................. 958 68.3 67.6 31.4 15.2 23.0 14.3 58.8 8.2 2 year or less ............................ 89 67.5 66.8 39.5 8.3 4.6 1.4 51.2 5.0 Private, for profit ............................ 337 79.7 79.4 53.6 16.1 0.5 4.9 64.6 7.6 2 year and above ...................... 167 80.3 80.0 48.8 16.1 0.7 8.0 70.5 7.8 Less than 2 year ....................... 170 79.1 78.8 58.3 16.1 0.2 1.8 58.8 7.4 Part time students 8 All institutions .......................... 10,157 24.8 23.8 16.4 3.3 1.1 1.4 13.8 0.8 Public ............................................. 8,519 20.8 19.7 14.4 2.5 0.9 1.0 10.0 0.4 4 year doctoral .......................... 1,211 31.2 30.4 16.7 3.3 1.4 3.5 25.1 1.7 Other 4 year .............................. 1,030 30.9 30.0 18.1 3.4 2.0 2.2 21.5 0.8 2 year ........................................ 6,174 17.2 16.0 13.3 2.3 0.7 0.3 5.3 0.1 Less than 2 year ....................... 105 13.9 13.0 12.3 ( 9) ( 9) ( 9) 2.2 ( 9)

Private, not for profit ...................... 1,070 34.9 33.5 17.1 4.7 3.1 3.4 25.3 2.0 4 year doctoral .......................... 280 27.7 27.5 11.6 3.9 3.7 5.2 23.2 2.1 Other 4 year .............................. 668 37.0 34.9 18.2 5.3 3.3 3.3 26.2 1.7 2 year or less ............................ 123 39.7 39.4 24.2 3.1 0.3 0.1 25.8 2.9 Private, for profit ............................ 567 66.4 66.2 46.1 11.3 0.4 3.1 48.4 4.2 2 year and above ...................... 269 66.9 66.3 44.7 11.9 0.7 5.1 49.2 4.9 Less than 2 year ....................... 298 66.1 66.1 47.4 10.7 0.1 1.4 47.6 3.5 1 Numbers of undergraduates may not equal figures reported in other tables, since these data are based on a sample survey. Includes students who enrolled at any time during the academic year. 2 Title IV of the Higher Education Act. 3 Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants. 4 College Work Study ( CWS). Prior to October 17, 1986, private, proprietary institutions were prohibited by law from spending CWS funds for on campus work. Includes persons who participated in the program, but had no earnings. 5 Formerly National Direct Student Loans ( NDSL). 6 Formerly Guaranteed Student Loans ( GSL). 7 Parent Loans for Undergraduate Students. 8 Full time students are students who attend full time for the entire academic year. All other students, including those who attend full time for part of the academic year, are counted as part time students. 9Less than .05 percent.

NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Because some students receive aid from multiple sources and rounding, percents do not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1995   96. ( This table was prepared October 1997.) 368 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 325.   Postbaccalaureate students enrolled full time and part time, by aid status, source of aid, and by level of study and control and level of institution: 1992   93 and 1995   96 Level of degree, control and type of institution Postbaccalaureate students, 1 in thousands Cumulative amount borrowed for postbaccalaureate education Aid status in percents Nonaided Receiving aid, by source Any aid 2 Federal State Institutional Employer Other 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Full time students, 4 1992   93 All institutions ....... 673 $ 18,572 31.9 68.1 44.4 7.0 40.6 5.3 14.6 Master's degree .......... 281 11,109 37.5 62.5 33.8 5.8 42.4 8.3 12.0 Public ..................... 163 9,335 34.6 65.4 33.9 7.8 44.0 7.6 9.7 4 year doctoral ... 139 9,597 34.3 65.7 32.4 6.7 46.3 7.7 10.1 Other 4 year ....... 24 7,970 36.1 63.9 42.5 14.4 30.4 6.8 7.5 Private .................... 118 13,628 41.6 58.4 33.7 3.2 40.2 9.4 15.2 4 year doctoral ... 102 13,879 39.3 60.7 34.2 2.9 42.9 8.9 16.4 Other 4 year ....... 16 ( 5) 56.5 43.5 30.5 5.1 22.8 12.1 7.4 Doctor's degree .......... 120 16,895 30.4 69.6 28.3 4.4 51.6 3.0 13.2 Public ..................... 73 12,758 30.3 69.7 22.3 6.5 55.5 3.9 11.7 Private .................... 46 21,742 30.4 69.6 37.8 1.1 45.5 1.7 15.7 First professional ........ 211 30,045 23.0 77.0 68.2 10.0 37.0 2.3 20.3 Public ..................... 101 24,469 20.7 79.3 72.5 13.4 37.7 2.3 15.8 Private .................... 110 35,301 25.1 74.9 64.3 6.8 36.4 2.3 24.4 Other graduate ........... 61 13,102 39.3 60.7 42.4 6.7 22.9 6.0 9.1 Full time students, 4 1995   96 All institutions ....... 861 $ 27,122 23.9 76.1 49.3 4.1 43.4 9.6 22.7 Master's degree .......... 387 18,806 27.4 72.6 43.6 2.4 42.8 16.4 22.5 Public ..................... 236 15,905 25.3 74.7 40.7 3.0 45.6 16.7 31.4 4 year doctoral ... 195 16,910 23.5 76.5 40.5 2.6 47.9 19.2 34.1 Other 4 year ....... 41 11,417 34.0 66.0 41.4 5.1 35.0 4.9 18.7 Private .................... 151 22,568 30.6 69.4 48.2 1.4 38.3 15.9 8.7 4 year doctoral ... 104 23,816 28.8 71.2 44.6 1.5 42.2 20.2 11.5 Other 4 year ....... 47 20,299 34.6 65.4 56.1 1.3 29.7 6.6 2.6 Doctor's degree .......... 147 24,380 17.1 82.9 27.6 0.6 75.7 4.0 53.4 Public ..................... 94 22,687 14.1 85.9 27.6 1.0 77.8 5.1 62.1 Private .................... 53 28,083 22.5 77.5 27.6 0.0 72.0 2.1 37.9 First professional ........ 253 37,540 16.8 83.2 73.9 9.4 31.6 2.2 8.7 Public ..................... 115 34,463 14.3 85.7 79.5 9.7 33.5 1.2 8.0 Private .................... 138 40,350 19.0 81.0 69.3 9.2 30.0 3.1 9.3 Other graduate ........... 54 12,057 43.5 56.5 34.0 2.2 31.4 7.0 14.7 Public 4 year doctoral ...................... 18 ( 5) 36.9 63.1 32.2 4.0 35.2 ( 5) 17.3 Public other 4 year 36 12,057 46.8 53.2 35.0 1.2 29.4 10.5 13.4 Part time students, 4 1995   96 All institutions ....... 1,869 $ 16,193 59.3 40.7 13.8 1.4 16.7 26.0 10.4 Master's degree .......... 1,118 14,635 56.3 43.7 15.1 1.2 16.5 27.9 10.3 Public ..................... 649 12,971 57.3 42.7 13.6 1.7 18.5 24.2 13.3 4 year doctoral ... 432 14,443 52.8 47.2 14.8 1.2 22.6 25.7 16.5 Other 4 year ....... 217 9,273 66.4 33.6 11.1 2.8 10.3 21.4 6.9 Private .................... 470 16,904 54.9 45.1 17.2 0.5 13.7 33.0 6.3 4 year doctoral ... 255 19,948 55.3 44.7 17.7 0.6 17.2 29.0 7.6 Other 4 year ....... 215 13,006 54.5 45.5 16.6 0.3 9.6 37.8 4.7 Doctor's degree .......... 181 19,530 48.6 51.4 12.1 0.6 39.3 11.9 27.0 Public ..................... 119 16,288 46.1 53.9 9.5 0.9 42.5 13.2 32.5 Private .................... 62 24,882 53.3 46.7 17.2 0.0 33.3 9.3 16.6 First professional ........ 60 32,803 32.2 67.8 47.4 4.3 27.0 14.2 7.0 Public ..................... 15 31,882 29.6 70.4 59.6 4.0 25.7 9.3 8.6 Private .................... 46 33,160 33.1 66.9 43.5 4.3 27.4 15.8 6.5 Other graduate ........... 483 13,008 74.0 26.0 7.0 1.9 8.4 26.7 5.1 Public 4 year doctoral ...................... 166 11,166 67.8 32.2 9.8 0.5 12.4 24.7 4.0 Public other 4 year 317 15,473 77.3 22.7 5.5 2.6 6.3 27.8 5.7 1 Numbers of postbaccalaureate students may not equal figures reported in other tables since these data are based on a sample survey of all postbaccalaureate students. Includes students who enrolled at any time during the academic year.

2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid but did not specify the source of aid.

3 Includes aid provided by corporations, unions, foundations, fraternal organizations, community organizations, etc.

4 Full time students are students who attend full time for the entire academic year. All other students, including those who attend full time for part of the academic year, are counted as part time students.

5 Sample size too small to permit reliable estimate. NOTE: Total includes some students whose level of study was unknown. Because some students receive aid from multiple sources and rounding, percents do not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1992   93 and 1995   96. ( This table was prepared October 1997.) 369 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 326.   Postbaccalaureate students enrolled full time and part time, by type of aid and by level of study, control, and level of institution: 1992   93 and 1995   96 Level of degree, control and type of institution Postbaccalaureate students, 1 in thousands Type of aid in percents Any aid 2 Fellowship grants Tuition waivers Assistantships 3 Employer Loans Any loans Stafford 4 Perkins 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Full time students, 5 1992   93 All institutions .................. 673 68.1 3.5 12.4 14.3 3.3 43.5 41.1 9.0 Master's degree ..................... 281 62.5 3.5 15.6 18.1 5.1 32.5 30.5 5.0 Public ................................ 163 65.4 2.2 20.5 22.4 4.8 32.2 30.8 4.0 4 year doctoral .............. 139 65.7 2.4 23.3 23.5 4.7 30.6 29.6 3.3 Other 4 year .................. 24 63.9 1.0 4.4 15.8 5.3 41.5 38.4 8.3 Private ............................... 118 58.4 5.3 8.9 12.1 5.6 32.9 30.0 6.4 4 year doctoral .............. 102 60.7 6.2 9.5 13.6 5.7 33.6 30.8 6.8 Other 4 year .................. 16 43.5 0.0 5.4 3.0 4.7 28.7 24.6 4.4 Doctor's degree ..................... 120 69.6 9.3 19.4 27.0 2.2 25.8 23.9 3.5 Public ................................ 73 69.7 4.2 23.1 31.6 3.1 20.6 18.9 2.9 Private ............................... 46 69.6 17.5 13.6 19.9 0.9 34.1 31.9 4.3 First professional ................... 211 77.0 0.9 5.6 4.4 1.2 67.8 65.5 19.3 Public ................................ 101 79.3 0.4 5.4 4.3 1.3 71.8 69.9 23.2 Private ............................... 110 74.9 1.2 5.8 4.5 1.2 64.1 61.6 15.7 Other graduate ...................... 61 60.7 1.1 7.5 6.2 3.7 44.4 39.6 2.7 Full time students, 5 1995   96 All institutions .................. 861 76.1 5.2 11.7 19.5 5.0 48.7 48.0 8.1 Master's degree ..................... 387 72.6 4.3 13.5 20.2 6.6 43.1 42.5 5.1 Public ................................ 236 74.7 4.8 17.8 28.8 7.1 39.5 38.8 3.5 4 year doctoral .............. 195 76.5 5.2 19.5 31.1 7.6 39.2 38.6 4.0 Other 4 year .................. 41 66.0 2.5 9.9 18.1 4.5 40.8 39.8 1.5 Private ............................... 151 69.4 3.6 6.7 6.6 5.8 48.6 48.2 7.6 4 year doctoral .............. 104 71.2 3.6 6.4 8.8 7.1 44.6 44.6 9.6 Other 4 year .................. 47 65.4 3.7 7.4 1.9 3.2 57.4 56.1 3.3 Doctor's degree ..................... 147 82.9 15.8 24.3 51.8 5.5 25.2 25.2 1.5 Public ................................ 94 85.9 13.7 30.9 59.9 5.9 26.7 26.7 1.4 Private ............................... 53 77.5 19.6 12.4 37.3 4.9 22.6 22.6 1.7 First professional ................... 253 83.2 1.4 3.0 4.0 1.3 74.4 73.0 18.4 Public ................................ 115 85.7 2.0 3.8 4.1 1.5 79.0 78.6 20.7 Private ............................... 138 81.0 0.9 2.4 3.8 1.2 70.6 68.3 16.4 Other graduate ...................... 54 56.5 2.1 9.8 6.4 6.1 31.3 30.9 1.7 Public 4 year doctoral ....... 18 63.1 0.0 9.2 6.2 1.8 30.2 30.2 3.6 Public other 4 year ........... 36 53.2 3.1 10.1 6.6 8.3 31.8 31.2 0.7 Part time students, 5 1995   96 All institutions .................. 1,869 40.7 0.8 6.1 7.4 16.1 13.4 13.1 0.9 Master's degree ..................... 1,118 43.7 0.8 5.6 7.4 18.4 14.5 14.2 0.7 Public ................................ 649 42.7 0.8 6.0 10.7 16.0 13.2 12.9 0.9 4 year doctoral .............. 432 47.2 1.0 7.1 13.7 16.6 14.3 14.2 1.0 Other 4 year .................. 217 33.6 0.4 3.9 4.9 14.8 11.0 10.5 0.6 Private ............................... 470 45.1 0.9 5.1 2.7 21.7 16.4 16.1 0.5 4 year doctoral .............. 255 44.7 1.2 4.3 4.0 18.3 17.6 17.0 0.8 Other 4 year .................. 215 45.5 0.5 5.9 1.2 25.9 15.0 14.9 0.1 Doctor's degree ..................... 181 51.4 2.5 12.7 26.0 9.0 12.0 12.0 0.4 Public ................................ 119 53.9 3.1 15.6 31.9 9.2 9.2 9.2 0.3 Private ............................... 62 46.7 1.4 7.4 14.7 8.6 17.2 17.2 0.7 First professional ................... 60 67.8 1.4 3.8 3.1 7.0 47.8 45.7 8.6 Public ................................ 15 70.4 1.6 4.8 7.9 7.5 58.1 57.4 12.2 Private ............................... 46 66.9 1.3 3.5 1.6 6.8 44.5 41.9 8.6 Other graduate ...................... 483 26.0 0.2 5.5 1.5 13.3 6.7 6.5 0.5 Public 4 year doctoral ....... 166 32.2 0.0 8.6 0.4 14.9 9.7 9.6 0.6 Public other 4 year ........... 317 22.7 0.2 3.8 2.1 12.4 5.2 5.0 0.4 1 Numbers of postbaccalaureate students may not equal figures reported in other tables since these data are based on a sample survey of all postbaccalaureate students. Includes students who enrolled at any time during the academic year.

2 Includes students who reported they were awarded aid but did not specify the source of aid.

3 Includes students who received teaching or research assistantships and/ or participated in work study programs.

4 Stafford loans, formerly Guaranteed Student Loans ( GSL). 5 Full time students are students who attend full time for the entire academic year. All other students, including those who attend full time for part of the academic year, are counted as part time students.

NOTE: Excludes students whose attendance status was not reported. Total includes some students whose level of study was unknown. Because some students receive aid from multiple sources and rounding, details do not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1992   93 and 1995   96. ( This table was prepared October 1997.) 370 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 327.   Scholarship and fellowship awards of degree granting institutions, by control of institution: 1959   60 to 1996   97 [ In thousands]

Year Total scholarship and fellowship awards 1 Scholarship and fellowship awards from unrestricted funds 1 Scholarship and fellowship awards from restricted funds 1 All institutions Public Private All institutions Public Private All institutions Public Private 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Higher education institutions 2 1959   60 ............................ $ 172,051 $ 59,673 $ 112,377             1961   62 ............................ 228,765 78,255 150,510             1963   64 ............................ 300,370 107,767 192,603             1965   66 ............................ 425,524 153,256 272,269             1966   67 ............................ 583,390 248,077 335,311             1967   68 ............................ 712,425 326,915 385,510             1968   69 ............................ 814,755 367,433 447,322             1969   70 ............................ 984,594 456,977 527,617             1970   71 ............................ 1,098,198 528,243 569,955             1971   72 ............................ 1,241,372 621,387 619,986             1972   73 ............................ 1,322,411 656,054 666,357             1973   74 ............................ 1,396,488 705,691 690,797             1974   75 ............................ 1,449,542 718,780 730,762 $ 631,801 $ 267,191 $ 364,610 $ 817,741 $ 451,589 $ 366,152 1975   76 ............................ 1,635,859 798,515 837,343 686,604 276,334 410,269 949,255 522,181 427,074 1976   77 ............................ 1,770,215 859,011 911,204 748,763 291,073 457,690 1,021,451 567,938 453,514 1977   78 ............................ 1,839,298 840,666 998,632 818,101 305,563 512,537 1,021,197 535,102 486,095 1978   79 ............................ 1,944,599 861,578 1,083,021 883,213 326,201 557,012 1,061,386 535,377 526,009 1979   80 ............................ 2,200,468 970,363 1,230,106 904,876 324,224 580,652 1,295,592 646,138 649,454 1980   81 ............................ 2,504,525 1,064,864 1,439,661 1,080,614 367,476 713,138 1,423,911 697,388 726,523 1981   82 ............................ 2,684,945 1,088,717 1,596,228 1,236,081 374,632 861,449 1,448,864 714,085 734,779 1982   83 ............................ 2,922,897 1,188,383 1,734,514 1,478,762 460,291 1,018,470 1,444,136 728,092 716,044 1983   84 ............................ 3,301,673 1,276,644 2,025,028 1,738,188 518,626 1,219,562 1,563,485 758,018 805,466 1984   85 ............................ 3,670,355 1,374,803 2,295,551 1,961,597 569,058 1,392,539 1,708,758 805,745 903,012 1985   86 ............................ 4,160,174 1,575,909 2,584,266 2,285,116 696,973 1,588,143 1,875,059 878,935 996,123 1986   87 ............................ 4,776,100 1,751,671 3,024,430 2,644,615 750,931 1,893,684 2,131,486 1,000,740 1,130,746 1987   88 ............................ 5,325,358 1,941,389 3,383,968 2,941,143 830,195 2,110,948 2,384,215 1,111,194 1,273,021 1988   89 ............................ 5,918,666 2,150,350 3,768,316 3,282,698 944,001 2,338,697 2,635,969 1,206,349 1,429,619 1989   90 ............................ 6,655,544 2,386,493 4,269,051 3,853,904 1,099,425 2,754,479 2,801,640 1,287,068 1,514,572 1990   91 ............................ 7,551,184 2,688,532 4,862,651 4,445,106 1,270,158 3,174,947 3,106,078 1,418,374 1,687,704 1991   92 ............................ 9,060,000 3,255,660 5,804,340 5,205,797 1,523,721 3,682,076 3,854,203 1,731,939 2,122,264 1992   93 ............................ 10,148,373 3,727,838 6,420,536 5,949,037 1,745,339 4,203,697 4,199,337 1,982,498 2,216,838 1993   94 ............................ 11,238,010 4,222,923 7,015,087 6,644,717 1,934,617 4,710,100 4,593,293 2,288,306 2,304,987 1994   95 ............................ 12,285,328 4,662,023 7,623,304 7,329,384 2,149,036 5,180,348 4,955,944 2,512,988 2,442,957 1995   96 ............................ 13,138,965 5,085,519 8,053,446 8,206,014 2,456,142 5,749,873 4,932,951 2,629,377 2,303,573 Degree granting institutions 3 1995   96 ............................ 13,195,102 5,084,653 8,110,450 8,213,049 2,457,139 5,755,910 4,982,054 2,627,514 2,354,540 1996   97 4 ..........................   5,573,209     2,736,726     2,836,483     Not available.

1 Includes Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants and State Student Incentive Grants, but excludes Pell Grants.

2 Institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education.

3 Four year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 4 Preliminary data.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared June 2000.) 371 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 328.   Pell Grant revenue of degree granting institutions compared to current fund revenue and tuition,

by type and control of institution: 1985   86 to 1996   97 [ Dollars in thousands]

Year and type of institution Total Public Private Current fund revenue Tuition Pell Grant revenue Pell Grants as a percent of current fund revenue Current fund revenue Tuition Pell Grant revenue Pell Grants as a percent of current fund revenue Current fund revenue Tuition Pell Grant revenue Pell Grants as a percent of current fund revenue 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Higher education institutions 1 1985   86 .......................... $ 100,437,616 $ 23,116,605 $ 2,565,048 2.6 $ 65,004,632 $ 9,439,177 $ 1,873,456 2.9 $ 35,432,985 $ 13,677,429 $ 691,592 2.0 4 year ......................... 88,144,386 20,498,399 1,770,042 2.0 53,746,503 7,539,717 1,214,303 2.3 34,397,882 12,958,683 555,739 1.6 2 year ......................... 12,293,231 2,618,206 795,006 6.5 11,258,128 1,899,460 659,153 5.9 1,035,102 718,746 135,853 13.1 1987   88 .......................... 117,340,109 27,836,781 2,496,133 2.1 74,771,255 11,184,657 1,876,777 2.5 42,568,854 16,652,124 619,355 1.5 4 year ......................... 103,280,070 24,779,364 1,714,118 1.7 61,958,780 9,032,936 1,207,418 1.9 41,321,290 15,746,428 506,700 1.2 2 year ......................... 14,060,039 3,057,417 782,015 5.6 12,812,475 2,151,721 669,359 5.2 1,247,564 905,696 112,656 9.0 1989   90 .......................... 139,635,477 33,926,060 3,348,018 2.4 88,911,433 13,820,240 2,566,209 2.9 50,724,044 20,105,820 781,809 1.5 4 year ......................... 122,858,290 30,302,689 2,253,803 1.8 73,415,696 11,090,012 1,591,684 2.2 49,442,595 19,212,677 662,119 1.3 2 year ......................... 16,777,187 3,623,371 1,094,215 6.5 15,495,738 2,730,229 974,525 6.3 1,281,449 893,143 119,690 9.3 1990   91 .......................... 149,766,051 37,434,462 3,510,537 2.3 94,904,506 15,258,024 2,725,357 2.9 54,861,545 22,176,439 785,180 1.4 4 year ......................... 131,743,973 33,405,241 2,312,931 1.8 78,272,989 12,188,851 1,647,376 2.1 53,470,984 21,216,389 665,554 1.2 2 year ......................... 18,022,078 4,029,222 1,197,606 6.6 16,631,517 3,069,173 1,077,981 6.5 1,390,562 960,049 119,625 8.6 1991   92 .......................... 161,395,896 41,559,037 4,238,047 2.6 102,202,890 17,460,263 3,312,386 3.2 59,193,006 24,098,774 925,661 1.6 4 year ......................... 141,700,893 36,910,390 2,710,510 1.9 83,969,040 13,827,245 1,928,623 2.3 57,731,852 23,083,145 781,887 1.4 2 year ......................... 19,695,003 4,648,647 1,527,537 7.8 18,233,850 3,633,018 1,383,763 7.6 1,461,153 1,015,629 143,774 9.8 1992   93 .......................... 170,880,503 45,346,071 4,701,905 2.8 108,186,484 19,490,221 3,663,529 3.4 62,694,018 25,855,850 1,038,377 1.7 4 year ......................... 150,075,119 40,127,624 2,982,999 2.0 88,952,983 15,406,746 2,097,638 2.4 61,122,135 24,720,878 885,360 1.4 2 year ......................... 20,805,384 5,218,447 1,718,907 8.3 19,233,501 4,083,475 1,565,890 8.1 1,571,883 1,134,972 153,017 9.7 1993   94 .......................... 179,226,601 48,646,538 4,564,790 2.5 112,968,097 20,825,388 3,543,643 3.1 66,258,504 27,821,149 1,021,147 1.5 4 year ......................... 157,265,446 43,052,545 2,674,392 1.7 92,747,344 16,457,225 1,860,187 2.0 64,518,102 26,595,320 814,204 1.3 2 year ......................... 21,961,155 5,593,993 1,890,399 8.6 20,220,753 4,368,164 1,683,456 8.3 1,740,402 1,225,829 206,942 11.9 1994   95 .......................... 189,120,570 51,506,876 4,524,313 2.4 119,312,493 21,908,104 3,594,407 3.0 69,808,077 29,598,772 929,906 1.3 4 year ......................... 166,144,023 45,863,702 2,690,643 1.6 97,963,262 17,385,587 1,890,393 1.9 68,180,761 28,478,115 800,250 1.2 2 year ......................... 22,976,547 5,643,174 1,833,670 8.0 21,349,231 4,522,517 1,704,014 8.0 1,627,317 1,120,657 129,656 8.0 1995   96 .......................... 197,414,848 54,725,982 4,504,570 2.3 123,378,526 23,222,284 3,595,360 2.9 74,036,321 31,503,698 909,210 1.2 4 year ......................... 173,428,636 48,892,798 2,692,691 1.6 101,029,863 18,510,094 1,906,264 1.9 72,398,773 30,382,704 786,427 1.1 2 year ......................... 23,986,211 5,833,184 1,811,879 7.6 22,348,663 4,712,190 1,689,096 7.6 1,637,548 1,120,994 122,783 7.5 Degree granting institutions 2 1995   96 .......................... 197,973,236 55,260,293 4,598,793 2.3 123,501,152 23,257,454 3,603,696 2.9 74,472,083 32,002,839 995,097 1.3 4 year ......................... 173,358,920 48,937,146 2,692,395 1.6 101,033,907 18,512,146 1,906,294 1.9 72,325,013 30,425,000 786,101 1.1 2 year ......................... 24,614,316 6,323,147 1,906,398 7.7 22,467,245 4,745,308 1,697,402 7.6 2,147,071 1,577,839 208,997 9.7 1996   97 3 .......................         130,035,326 24,700,424 3,870,268 3.0         4 year .........................         106,823,399 19,760,597 2,059,333 1.9         2 year .........................         23,211,926 4,939,827 1,810,935 7.8           Not available.

1 Institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education.

2 Four year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were participating in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

3 Preliminary data.

NOTE: Pell Grants which are spent on campus for tuition, room, board or other college expenses are included in current fund revenue. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared June 2000.) 372 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: STUDENT CHARGES Table 329.   State awards for need based undergraduate scholarship and grant programs, by state: 1987   88 to 1997   98 [ In thousands]

State 1987   88 1988   89 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1 1993   94 1 1994   95 1 1995   96 1 1996   97 1 1997   98 1 Percent change, 1987   88 to 1997   98 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Need based aid as a percent of all state financial aid 3 ........................ 81.0 78.2 76.8 77.4 74.7 75.7 75.7 77.5 84.4 83.5 81.5   Need based aid .................... $ 1,377,996 $ 1,423,743 $ 1,529,421 $ 1,658,221 $ 1,781,820 $ 1,923,720 $ 2,195,993 $ 2,421,952 $ 2,435,687 $ 2,555,667 $ 2,735,670 98.5 Alabama .................................... 2,260 2,196 2,984 2,878 2,183 2,271 2,283 2,281 2,142 1,950 2,270 0.4 Alaska ........................................ 240 234 228 464 475 470 454 444 430 213 240 0.0 Arizona ...................................... 3,222 3,508 3,420 3,318 2,278 2,437 3,476 3,482 2,291 2,748 3,160   1.9 Arkansas ................................... 3,759 3,903 3,946 3,885 4,742 6,319 7,701 8,907 10,765 12,569 13,160 250.1 California ................................... 118,819 129,264 153,045 161,642 172,852 151,379 207,969 232,067 235,582 257,544 284,410 139.4 Colorado .................................... 9,327 9,395 10,349 11,276 12,380 14,812 16,480 18,252 21,076 28,236 31,670 239.6 Connecticut ............................... 14,650 21,149 19,915 20,580 20,595 20,805 20,641 20,690 20,372 20,297 26,360 79.9 Delaware ................................... 807 829 956 1,066 906 1,121 1,270 1,033 1,188 959 1,290 59.9 District of Columbia ................... 1,106 1,075 1,069 947 978 1,015 1,022 1,022 939 4 939 940   15.0 Florida ....................................... 15,245 16,522 20,134 24,729 29,279 29,628 31,277 36,824 34,822 33,854 35,680 134.0 Georgia ...................................... 4,599 5,197 4,607 5,070 5,084 4,951 26,853 5,147 4,757 2,165 1,060   77.0 Hawaii ........................................ 563 598 726 612 632 724 748 732 499 379 590 4.8 Idaho ......................................... 343 348 346 350 483 580 634 779 763 714 710 107.0 Illinois ........................................ 135,880 143,373 171,361 183,508 184,753 203,532 214,809 244,352 256,872 272,898 288,870 112.6 Indiana ....................................... 45,408 35,692 41,874 46,756 4 50,441 55,814 55,814 67,742 68,340 77,834 85,040 87.3 Iowa ........................................... 25,960 30,050 32,467 35,586 34,654 34,067 34,718 35,642 38,953 41,938 44,900 73.0 Kansas ...................................... 5,337 5,540 6,478 6,462 6,587 6,894 9,060 9,802 9,526 10,171 10,310 93.2 Kentucky .................................... 12,161 12,522 12,605 19,866 16,996 20,520 20,619 25,517 26,215 28,902 27,200 123.7 Louisiana ................................... 1,880 1,947 2,786 3,827 4,446 5,125 6,374 6,429 6,580 7,172 8,190 335.6 Maine ......................................... 1,418 1,408 1,877 4,802 5,002 5,200 5,170 5,787 6,988 6,636 7,700 443.0 Maryland .................................... 8,737 12,841 14,800 15,607 16,253 20,828 23,713 24,571 30,350 36,264 37,190 325.7 Massachusetts .......................... 61,600 62,443 50,844 46,000 23,690 45,989 45,059 61,850 54,565 57,413 74,340 20.7 Michigan .................................... 70,099 75,467 70,721 68,918 78,116 75,469 79,735 81,340 84,154 85,872 90,480 29.1 Minnesota .................................. 63,300 68,293 58,136 74,656 81,322 83,170 102,920 97,920 92,069 92,707 96,400 52.3 Mississippi ................................. 1,230 1,251 1,243 1,136 1,131 1,244 1,255 1,248 1,175 540 1,070   13.0 Missouri ..................................... 8,394 10,234 10,796 11,078 10,142 11,097 11,124 11,913 12,233 13,681 14,690 75.0 Montana .................................... 419 420 415 383 414 418 401 419 393 314 460 9.8 Nebraska ................................... 1,094 1,052 1,276 2,192 2,370 2,613 2,686 2,726 3,114 3,211 4,090 273.9 Nevada ...................................... 352 352 4 352 321 326 341 342 342 2,595 3,180 5,900 1,576.1 New Hampshire ......................... 810 886 918 770 825 1,253 840 1,425 765 669 1,330 64.2 New Jersey ............................... 70,298 76,204 84,347 87,054 100,220 118,868 135,251 159,683 132,383 152,458 153,420 118.2 New Mexico ............................... 4,107 5,024 5,601 6,479 4 7,293 8,295 9,266 13,886 14,629 14,289 14,510 253.3 New York ................................... 372,363 355,192 382,655 428,358 504,195 554,803 618,849 636,704 625,711 629,940 636,760 71.0 North Carolina ........................... 4,559 4,489 3,046 2,519 2,908 3,163 14,436 13,774 16,659 17,435 37,090 713.6 North Dakota ............................. 490 976 1,242 1,177 1,475 2,162 2,036 1,996 1,898 2,202 2,070 322.4 Ohio ........................................... 49,200 50,865 53,848 54,600 57,275 66,000 77,940 91,225 86,053 86,770 92,950 88.9 Oklahoma .................................. 10,245 9,861 11,591 11,871 12,612 13,286 13,405 13,325 13,642 14,558 16,920 65.2 Oregon ...................................... 9,959 10,108 10,092 11,809 12,023 12,606 12,903 13,761 13,651 16,241 15,800 58.7 Pennsylvania ............................. 110,992 118,986 132,344 142,389 158,092 173,214 188,751 218,604 232,020 240,459 251,550 126.6 Rhode Island ............................. 8,138 8,967 9,917 9,522 9,141 9,586 6,500 6,340 5,741 5,699 6,010   26.1 South Carolina .......................... 16,346 17,810 18,150 17,901 16,800 17,105 16,795 17,297 18,622 21,540 21,920 34.1 South Dakota ............................ 516 506 504 468 480 587 589 589 562 346 0   100.0 Tennessee ................................. 12,591 11,977 12,977 13,487 12,793 13,723 16,755 18,313 18,811 18,652 20,440 62.3 Texas ......................................... 22,705 22,266 24,784 24,135 27,385 27,467 29,102 29,102 40,768 42,761 60,670 167.2 Utah ........................................... 1,133 1,081 1,091 1,001 1,034 1,115 1,132 1,129 1,197 2,170 1,960 73.0 Vermont ..................................... 8,414 9,264 11,137 10,184 11,019 11,120 11,167 11,788 11,865 11,309 12,330 46.5 Virginia ...................................... 4,414 8,062 7,966 7,351 4,892 6,654 6,408 53,885 59,568 59,025 59,260 1,242.5 Washington ............................... 12,425 12,858 13,925 21,095 23,527 23,571 46,617 53,369 56,573 58,149 69,430 458.8 West Virginia ............................. 5,189 5,204 5,217 5,559 5,781 5,868 5,802 6,761 8,132 10,527 12,140 134.0 Wisconsin .................................. 34,653 35,842 38,072 42,365 42,324 44,216 46,592 49,511 46,470 49,008 50,540 45.8 Wyoming ................................... 240 212 4 241 4 212 216 225 250 225 219 160 200   16.7   Not available. 1 Estimated. 2 Changes may reflect introduction of new programs or discontinuation of existing programs 3 Participation requirements vary from state to state. 4 Data are estimated based on prior year's report. NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: National Association of State Scholarship and Grant Programs, Annual Survey Report, ( 1987   88 to 1994   95), and National Association of State Student Grant and Aid Programs, Annual Survey Report ( 1995   96 to 1997   98). ( This table was prepared September 1999.) 373 DEGREE GRANTING POSTSECONDARY: REVENUE Table 330.   Current fund revenue of degree granting institutions, by source: 1980   81 to 1995   96 Source 1980   81 1985   86 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In thousands Total current fund revenue ...................... $ 65,584,789 $ 100,437,616 $ 139,635,477 $ 149,766,051 $ 161,395,896 $ 170,880,503 $ 179,226,601 $ 189,120,570 $ 197,973,236 Tuition and fees ................................................... 13,773,259 23,116,605 33,926,060 37,434,462 41,559,037 45,346,071 48,646,538 51,506,876 55,260,293 Federal government ............................................ 9,747,586 12,704,750 17,254,874 18,236,082 19,833,317 21,014,564 22,076,385 23,243,172 23,939,075 Appropriations ................................................. 1,346,835 1,617,510 1,890,046 1,840,694 1,907,403 1,872,840 1,994,279 1,984,450 2,036,948 Unrestricted grants and contracts .................. 1,126,558 1,658,636 2,353,119 2,504,859 2,703,590 2,913,256 3,129,307 3,297,173 3,652,186 Restricted grants and contracts 1 ................... 6,005,317 7,190,345 9,773,266 10,443,977 11,561,444 12,589,727 13,554,435 14,421,419 14,713,289 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 2 ................ 1,268,877 2,238,259 3,238,442 3,446,552 3,660,881 3,638,741 3,398,364 3,540,129 3,536,653 State governments .............................................. 20,106,222 29,911,500 38,349,239 39,480,874 40,586,907 41,247,955 41,910,288 44,343,012 45,692,673 Appropriations ................................................. 19,266,186 28,402,288 35,223,174 36,255,090 36,884,957 37,314,176 37,824,061 39,638,444 40,323,301 Unrestricted grants and contracts .................. 84,848 154,109 411,757 366,206 376,176 382,204 360,852 524,586 1,090,932 Restricted grants and contracts ...................... 755,188 1,355,102 2,714,309 2,859,577 3,325,774 3,551,575 3,725,375 4,179,982 4,278,440 Local governments .............................................. 1,790,740 2,544,506 3,639,902 3,931,239 4,159,876 4,444,875 4,998,306 5,165,961 5,607,909 Appropriations ................................................. 1,482,536 2,153,160 2,919,447 3,177,696 3,336,012 3,599,983 4,023,620 4,247,748 4,400,741 Unrestricted grants and contracts .................. 29,629 56,975 122,404 116,982 140,135 139,881 134,491 134,611 377,754 Restricted grants and contracts ...................... 278,575 334,371 598,051 636,561 683,729 705,011 840,195 783,602 829,414 Private gifts, grants, and contracts ...................... 3,176,670 5,410,905 7,781,422 8,361,265 8,977,271 9,659,977 10,203,062 10,866,749 11,903,126 Unrestricted ..................................................... 1,210,903 2,111,972 2,634,974 2,720,233 2,921,997 3,229,718 3,400,457 3,556,608 4,072,454 Restricted ........................................................ 1,965,766 3,298,933 5,146,448 5,641,032 6,055,274 6,430,259 6,802,605 7,310,141 7,830,672 Endowment income ............................................. 1,364,443 2,275,898 3,143,696 3,268,629 3,442,009 3,627,773 3,669,536 3,988,217 4,562,171 Unrestricted ..................................................... 770,358 1,285,194 1,614,088 1,521,940 1,549,930 1,536,511 1,557,733 1,649,296 2,064,490 Restricted ........................................................ 594,085 990,704 1,529,608 1,746,690 1,892,079 2,091,262 2,111,803 2,338,921 2,497,681 Sales and services .............................................. 13,677,366 21,274,265 30,787,233 34,107,502 37,519,828 39,824,766 41,791,319 43,039,561 43,009,873 Educational activities ...................................... 1,409,730 2,373,494 3,632,100 4,054,703 4,520,890 5,037,901 5,294,030 5,603,251 5,530,763 Auxiliary enterprises ....................................... 7,287,290 10,674,136 13,938,469 14,903,127 15,758,599 16,662,850 17,537,514 18,336,094 18,867,540 Hospitals ......................................................... 4,980,346 8,226,635 13,216,664 15,149,672 17,240,338 18,124,015 18,959,776 19,100,217 18,611,570 Other sources ...................................................... 1,948,503 3,199,186 4,753,051 4,945,998 5,317,651 5,714,523 5,931,167 6,967,023 7,998,116 Percentage distribution Total current fund revenue ...................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Tuition and fees ................................................... 21.0 23.0 24.3 25.0 25.7 26.5 27.1 27.2 27.9 Federal government ............................................ 14.9 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.1 Appropriations ................................................. 2.1 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 Unrestricted grants and contracts .................. 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 Restricted grants and contracts 1 ................... 9.2 7.2 7.0 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.6 7.4 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 2 ................ 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 State governments .............................................. 30.7 29.8 27.5 26.4 25.1 24.1 23.4 23.4 23.1 Appropriations ................................................. 29.4 28.3 25.2 24.2 22.9 21.8 21.1 21.0 20.4 Unrestricted grants and contracts .................. 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 Restricted grants and contracts ...................... 1.2 1.3 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 Local governments .............................................. 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.8 Appropriations ................................................. 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 Unrestricted grants and contracts .................. ( 3) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 Restricted grants and contracts ...................... 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 Private gifts, grants, and contracts ...................... 4.8 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7 5.7 6.0 Unrestricted ..................................................... 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 Restricted ........................................................ 3.0 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0 Endowment income ............................................. 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.3 Unrestricted ..................................................... 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 Restricted ........................................................ 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 Sales and services .............................................. 20.9 21.2 22.0 22.8 23.2 23.3 23.3 22.8 21.7 Educational activities ...................................... 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.8 Auxiliary enterprises ....................................... 11.1 10.6 10.0 10.0 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.7 9.5 Hospitals ......................................................... 7.6 8.2 9.5 10.1 10.7 10.6 10.6 10.1 9.4 Other sources ...................................................... 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.7 4.0 1 Excludes Pell Grants. Federally supported student aid that is received through students is included under tuition and auxiliary enterprises. 2 Generally includes only those revenues associated with major federally funded research and development centers ( FFRDC). 3 Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE: Data for 1980   81 to 1994   95 are for institutions of higher education. Institutions of higher education were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education, or recognized directly by the Secretary of Education. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award associate or higher degrees. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.