final action were estimated by comparing total annualized compliance
costs to revenues at the ultimate parent company level. This is known
as the cost-to-revenue or cost-to-sales test. This ratio provides a
measure of the direct economic impact to ultimate parent owners of
facilities while presuming no impact on consumers. As discussed in the
proposal for this action, we estimate that none of the ultimate parent
owners potentially affected by this final action will incur total
annualized costs of greater than 1 percent of their revenues if they
modify or reconstruct the relevant portions of their facility and
become subject to the requirements of this final rule (87 FR 30155, May
18, 2022).
    Since proposal, the 1 existing facility that was owned by a small
entity was sold to a company in May 2022 that is not a small entity.
Because the coatings processes are large operations at automobile and
light duty truck manufacturing facilities, it is not anticipated that
any affected facilities that have completed their initial startup phase
would be classified as small entities. Therefore, no economic impacts
are expected for small entities. Furthermore, it was assumed that any
new entrant into the industry would have sales similar to at least the
smallest current ultimate owner, so it is not anticipated that any new
ultimate owner would face costs of greater than 1 percent of sales.
    Therefore, the economic impacts are anticipated to be low for
affected companies and the industries impacted by this final action,
and there will not be substantial impacts on the markets for affected
products. The costs of this final action are not expected to result in
a significant market impact, regardless of whether they are passed on
to the purchaser or absorbed by the firms.

E. What are the benefits?

    As described earlier in this preamble, the final NSPS subpart MMa
would result in lower VOC emissions compared to the existing NSPS
subpart MM. The new NSPS subpart MMa would also require that the
standards apply at all times, which includes SSM periods. We are also
promulgating several compliance assurance requirements which will
ensure compliance with the new NSPS subpart MMa and help prevent
noncompliant emissions of VOC. Furthermore, the final requirements in
the new NSPS subpart MMa to submit reports and test results
electronically will improve monitoring, compliance, and implementation
of the rule.

F. What analysis of environmental justice did we conduct?

    Consistent with the EPA's commitment to integrating environmental
justice in the Agency's actions, and following the directives set forth
in multiple Executive Orders as well as CAA section 111(b)(1)(B), the
Agency has carefully evaluated the impacts of this action on
communities with environmental justice concerns. This action finalizes
standards of performance for new, modified, and reconstructed ALDT
surface coating sources that commence construction after May 18, 2022.
In general, the locations of the new, modified, and reconstructed ALDT
surface coating facilities are not known. However, since proposal, we
became aware of 3 ALDT surface coating facilities for which
construction permits were recently issued or were about to be issued.
We have evaluated the demographics of the populations living within 5
kilometers (km) and 50 km of these 3 new facilities as examples of new
facility locations. We also evaluated the demographics of the
populations living within 5 km and 50 km of 46 ALDT plants. The 46 ALDT
plants include the 44 existing ALDT plants and two additional ALDT
plants for which we had locational data.
    Executive Order 12898 directs the EPA to identify the populations
of concern who are most likely to experience unequal burdens from
environmental harms--specifically, minority populations, low-income
populations, and indigenous peoples (59 FR 7629; February 16, 1994).
Additionally, Executive Order 13985 is intended to advance racial
equity and support underserved communities through Federal government
actions (86 FR 7009; January 20, 2021). The EPA defines EJ as ``the
fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of
race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the
development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws,
regulations, and policies.'' \4\ The EPA further defines the term fair
treatment to mean that ``no group of people should bear a
disproportionate burden of environmental harms and risks, including
those resulting from the negative environmental consequences of
industrial, governmental, and commercial operations or programs and
policies.'' In recognizing that minority and low-income populations
often bear an unequal burden of environmental harms and risks, the EPA
continues to consider ways of protecting them from adverse public
health and environmental effects of air pollution.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\ See https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    A demographic analysis was conducted for 3 new ALDT plants, which
we identified after proposal and anticipate will be subject to the
requirements of subpart MMa once in operation. The demographic analysis
shows that within 5 km of these new

facilities, the percent of the population that is African American is
significantly higher than the national average (17 percent versus 12
percent). The percent of the population within 5 km that is Hispanic/
Latino is significantly higher than the national average (51 percent
versus 19 percent). The percent of people within 5 km that are over 25
without a high school diploma is also higher than the national average
(28 percent versus 12 percent).
    A demographic analysis was conducted for 46 existing ALDT plants to
characterize the demographics in areas where the plants are currently
located. These represent ALDT plants that might modify or reconstruct
in the future and become subject to the NSPS MMa requirements. This
analysis was presented in the proposal and remains unchanged. The
demographic analysis shows that, within 5 km of the ALDT facilities,
the percent of the population that is African American is significantly
higher than the national average (27 percent versus 12 percent). The
percent of people within 5 km living below the poverty level is
significantly higher than the national average (22 percent versus 13
percent). The percent of people living within 5 km that are over 25
without a high school diploma is also higher than the national average
(15 percent versus 12 percent).
    The EPA particularly noted community impacts and concerns in some
areas of the country that have a larger percentage of sources. A large
percentage of the sources in the Auto and Light Duty Truck Surface
Coating source category are in EPA Region 5 states and, of those
states, most sources are in the state of Michigan. Most if not all the
counties where these sources are located are designated as ozone
nonattainment areas. For this reason, we engaged with EPA Region 5 and
the state of Michigan as part of this rulemaking.
    The EPA expects that this ALDT NSPS review will result in
significant reductions of VOC emissions from the affected sources. The
new emission limits finalized for this action reflect the best system
of emission reduction demonstrated and establish new more stringent
standards of performance for the primary sources of VOC emissions from
the source category. The EPA expects that the finalized requirements in
subpart MMa will result in significant reductions of VOC emissions for
communities surrounding new, modified, and reconstructed affected
sources compared to the existing rule in subpart MM and will result in
lower VOC emissions for communities located in areas designated as
ozone non-attainment areas. These areas are already overburdened by
pollution and are often minority, low-income, and indigenous
communities. The methodology and the results (including facility-
specific results and the 50 km proximity results) of the demographic
analysis are presented in a technical report titled, Analysis of
Demographic Factors for Populations Living Near Automobile and Light-
Duty Truck Surface Coating NSPS Source Category Operations--Final Rule,
available in the docket for this action (Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2021-
0664).

V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders
can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This final action is not a significant regulatory action and was
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
for review.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    The information collection activities in this action have been
submitted for approval to OMB under the PRA.
    The Information Collection Request (ICR) document that the EPA
prepared for subpart MM has been assigned EPA ICR number 1064.20 and
OMB control number 2060-0034. The ICR document that the EPA prepared
for subpart MMa has been assigned EPA ICR number 2714.01 and OMB
control number 2060-0034. You can find a copy of the final ICR
documents in the ALDT NSPS Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2021-0664, and they
are briefly summarized here. The final ICR documents were updated to
reflect 2021 labor costs. The information collection requirements are
not enforceable until OMB approves them.
    Each ICR is specific to information collection associated with the
ALDT surface coating source category, in accordance with the
requirements in the revised 40 CFR part 60, subpart MM or the new 40
CFR part 60, subpart MMa.
    For the revised 40 CFR part 60, subpart MM, as part of the ALDT
NSPS review, the EPA is finalizing the proposed requirement for the
electronic submittal of reports.
    Respondents/affected entities: The respondents to the recordkeeping
and reporting requirements are owners and operators of ALDT surface
coating operations subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart MM.
    Respondent's obligation to respond: Mandatory (40 CFR part 60,
subpart MM).
    Estimated number of respondents: In the 3 years after the
amendments are final, approximately 44 respondents per year will be
subject to the NSPS and no new respondents will be subject to the NSPS
(40 CFR part 60, subpart MM).
    Frequency of response: The frequency of responses varies depending
on the burden item. Responses include a one-time review of rule
requirements, reports of performance tests, and semiannual excess
emissions and continuous monitoring system performance reports.
    Total estimated burden: The average annual recordkeeping and
reporting burden for the 44 responding facilities to comply with the
requirements in subpart MM over the 3 years after the rule is final is
estimated to be 506 hours (per year). The average annual burden to the
Agency over the 3 years after the rule is final is estimated to be 152
hours (per year). Burden is defined at 5 CFR 1320.3(b).
    Total estimated cost: The average annual cost to the ALDT
facilities is $47,200 in labor costs in the first 3 years after the
rule is final. The total average annual Agency cost over the first 3
years after the amendments are final is estimated to be $7,800.
    For the new 40 CFR part 60, subpart MMa, as part of the ALDT NSPS
review, the EPA is finalizing the proposed emission limits and other
requirements as described in this preamble for affected sources that
commence construction, reconstruction, or modification after May 18,
2022. We are also finalizing the proposed testing, recordkeeping, and
reporting requirements for 40 CFR part 60, subpart MMa, including the
performance testing of control devices once every 5 years and
electronic submittal of performance test results and compliance
reports. This information is being collected to assure compliance with
40 CFR part 60, subpart MMa.
    Respondents/affected entities: The respondents to the recordkeeping
and reporting requirements are owners and operators of ALDT surface
coating operations subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart MMa.
    Respondent's obligation to respond: Mandatory (40 CFR part 60,
subpart MMa).
    Estimated number of respondents: In the 3 years after the
amendments are final, approximately 6 respondents per

year will be subject to the NSPS (40 CFR part 60, subpart MMa).
    Frequency of response: The frequency of responses varies depending
on the burden item. Responses include one-time review of rule
requirements, reports of performance tests, and semiannual excess
emissions and continuous monitoring system performance reports.
    Total estimated burden: The average annual recordkeeping and
reporting burden for the 6 responding facilities to comply with all the
requirements in the new NSPS subpart MMa over the 3 years after the
rule is final is estimated to be 1,663 hours (per year). The average
annual burden to the Agency over the 3 years after the rule is final is
estimated to be 207 hours (per year). Burden is defined at 5 CFR
1320.3(b).
    Total estimated cost: The average annual cost to the ALDT
facilities is $155,000 in labor costs in the first 3 years after the
rule is final. The average annual capital and operation and maintenance
(O&M) cost is $151,000 in the first 3 years after the rule is final.
The total average annual cost is $306,000 in the first 3 years after
the rule is final. The total average annual Agency cost over the first
3 years after the amendments are final is estimated to be $10,600.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a
currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for the
EPA's regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9. When OMB
approves this ICR, the Agency will announce that approval in the
Federal Register and publish a technical amendment to 40 CFR part 9 to
display the OMB control number for the approved information collection
activities contained in this final rule.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. This
action will not impose any requirements on small entities because there
are no regulated facilities owned by small entities. Details of the
analysis in support of this determination are presented in the
memorandum titled, Economic Impact Analysis and Small Business
Screening Assessment for Final Revisions and Amendments to the New
Source Performance Standards for Automobile and Light Duty Truck
Surface Coating Operations, which is available in the docket for this
action.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA)

    This action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million or
more as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. While this action
creates an enforceable duty on the private sector, the cost does not
exceed $100 million or more.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implications as specified in
Executive Order 13175. It will neither impose substantial direct
compliance costs on federally recognized tribal governments, nor
preempt tribal law, and it does not have substantial direct effects on
the relationship between the Federal government and Indian Tribes or on
the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal
government and Indian Tribes, as specified in Executive Order 13175 (65
FR 67249; November 9, 2000). No tribal facilities are known to be
engaged in the industry that would be affected by this action nor are
there any adverse health or environmental effects from this action.
However, the EPA conducted a proximity analysis for this source
category and found that 6 ALDT plants are located within 50 miles of
tribal lands. Consistent with the EPA Policy on Consultation and
Coordination with Indian Tribes, the EPA offered consultation with
tribal officials during the development of this action.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it is
not economically significant as defined in Executive Order 12866, and
because the EPA does not anticipate the environmental health or safety
risks addressed by this action present a disproportionate risk to
children. No health or risk assessments were performed for this action.
As described in section IV.E of this preamble, the EPA estimates a
reduction in VOC emissions from the ALDT NSPS subpart MMa for sources
affected by this action because the subpart MMa requirements are more
stringent than the existing ALDT NSPS subpart MM requirements.

H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 because it is
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866. This
action is not likely to have a significant adverse effect on the
supply, distribution, or use of energy.

I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR
Part 51

    This rulemaking involves technical standards. Therefore, the EPA
conducted searches through the Enhanced National Standards System
Network Database managed by the American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) to determine if there are VCS that are relevant to this action.
The Agency also contacted VCS organizations and accessed and searched
their databases.
    During the search, if the title or abstract (if provided) of the
VCS described technical sampling and analytical procedures that are
similar to the EPA's reference method, the EPA considered it as a
potential equivalent method. All potential standards were reviewed to
determine the practicality of the VCS for this rule. This review
requires significant method validation data which meets the
requirements of the EPA Method 301 for accepting alternative methods or
scientific, engineering and policy equivalence to procedures in the EPA
reference methods. The EPA may reconsider determinations of
impracticality when additional information is available for particular
VCS. As a result, the EPA is amending 40 CFR 60.17 to incorporate by
reference (IBR) the following proposed VCS for subpart MMa:
     ASME/ANSI PTC 19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas
Analyses.'' This method determines quantitatively the gaseous
constituents of exhausts resulting from stationary combustion sources.
The manual procedures (but not instrumental procedures) of ASME/ANSI
PTC 19.10-1981-Part 10 may be used as an alternative to EPA Method 3B
for measuring the oxygen or carbon dioxide content of the exhaust gas.
The gases covered in ASME/ANSI PTC 19.10-1981 are oxygen, carbon
dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide,
nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrocarbons.
However, the use in this

rule is only applicable to oxygen and carbon dioxide and is an
acceptable alternative to the manual portion only and not the
instrumental portion.
     ASTM D6093-97 (Reapproved 2016), ``Standard Test Method
for Percent Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings
Using a Helium Gas Pycnometer.'' This test method can be used to
determine the percent volume of nonvolatile matter in clear and
pigmented coatings and is an alternative to EPA Method 24.
     ASTM D2369-20 (Approved June 1, 2020), ``Standard Test
Method for Volatile Content of Coatings.'' This test method allows for
more accurate results for multi-component chemical resistant coatings
and is an alternative to EPA Method 24.
     ASTM D2697-22 (Approved July 1, 2022), ``Standard Test
Method for Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings.''
This test method can be used to determine the volume of nonvolatile
matter in clear and pigmented coatings and is an alternative to EPA
Method 24.
     EPA-453/R-08-002, ``Protocol for Determining the Daily
Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty
Truck Topcoat Operations,'' September 2008. This protocol provides
guidelines for combining analytical VOC content and formulation solvent
content as an alternative to EPA Method 24.
    In addition to the VCS identified here, we are amending 40 CFR
60.17 to IBR the following ASTM methods that are specific to automotive
coatings:
     ASTM D1475-13, ``Standard Test Method for Density of
Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products,'' Approved November 1,
2013. This test method can be used to determine the density of coatings
and the updated version of the test method clarifies units of measure
and reduces the number of determinations required.
     ASTM D5965-02 (Reapproved 2013), ``Standard Test Methods
for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders.'' These test methods include
Test Methods A and B that can be used to determine the specific gravity
of coating powders. Test Method A can be used to test coating powders
except for metallics. Test Method B provides greater precision than
Test Method A, includes the use of helium pycnometry, and can be used
for metallics.
     ASTM D5066-91 (Reapproved 2017) ``Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production Conditions
for Spray Application of Automotive Paints-Weight Basis.'' This test
method includes procedures to determine the transfer efficiency under
production conditions for in-plant spray-application of automotive
coatings using a weight method. The transfer efficiency is calculated
from the weight of the paint solids sprayed and the paint solids that
are deposited on the painted part. An alternative approach is also
included in the method.
     ASTM D5087-02 (Reapproved 2021), ``Standard Test Method
for Determining Amount of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Released from
Solvent-borne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC
Control Device (Abatement).'' This test method can be used to measure
solvent loading for the heated flash off areas and bake ovens for
waterborne coatings.
     ASTM D6266-00a (Reapproved 2017) ``Standard Test Method
for Determining the Amount of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Released
from Waterborne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC
Control Device (Abatement).'' This test method can be used to measure
solvent loading for heated flash off areas and bake ovens for
waterborne coatings.
    In addition, we are adding the ALDT panel testing procedure titled
``Determination of Capture Efficiency of Automobile and Light-Duty
Truck Spray Booth Emissions from Solvent-borne Coatings Using Panel
Testing'' as appendix A to subpart MMa of 40 CFR part 60, as proposed.
    In addition to the EPA test methods listed in subpart MM (EPA
Methods 1, 2, 3, 4, 24, and 25 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A), we are
finalizing the following EPA methods in subpart MMa, as proposed:
     EPA Methods 1A, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2F, 2G, 3A, 3B, 18, and 25A of
appendix A to 40 CFR part 60;
     EPA Methods 204, 204A, 204B, 204C, 204D, 204E, and 204F of
appendix M to 40 CFR part 51; and
     EPA Method 311 of appendix A to 40 CFR part 63.
    EPA-453/R-08-002 is available online at https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/clean-air-act-guidelines-and-standards-solvent-use-and-surface (see Automobile and Light Duty Truck
CTG) or through https://www.regulations.gov under EPA-HQ-OAR-2008-0413-
0080.
    ASME/ANSI PTC 19.10-1981 is available from the American Society of
Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990,
Telephone<PHONE_NUMBER>. See https://www.asme.org.
    The ASTM standards are available from the American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, Post Office Box
C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. See https://www.astm.org.
    Additional information for the VCS search and determinations can be
found in the memorandum titled, Voluntary Consensus Standard Results
for Review of Standards of Performance for Automobile and Light Duty
Truck Surface Coating, which is dated January 24, 2023, and is
available in the docket for this action.
    Under the general provisions at 40 CFR 60.8(b) and 60.13(i) of
subpart A, a source may apply to the EPA to use alternative test
methods or alternative monitoring requirements in place of any required
testing methods, performance specifications, or procedures in the final
rule or any amendments.

J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629; February 16, 1994) directs
Federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by
law, to make environmental justice part of their mission by identifying
and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high and adverse
human health or environmental effects of their programs, policies, and
activities on minority populations (people of color and/or indigenous
peoples) and low-income populations.
    The EPA anticipates that the human health or environmental
conditions that exist prior to this action result in or have the
potential to result in disproportionate and adverse human health or
environmental effects on people of color, low-income populations and/or
indigenous peoples.
    The EPA anticipates that this action is likely to reduce existing
disproportionate and adverse effects on people of color, low-income
populations and/or indigenous peoples. As discussed in section IV.F of
this preamble, we performed a demographic analysis for the ALDT surface
coating source category, which is an assessment of the proximity of
individual demographic groups living close to the facilities (within 50
km and within 5 km). We performed demographic analyses during proposal
for 46 existing ALDT plants and after proposal for three new ALDT
plants. The methodology and the results of the demographic analyses are
presented in a technical report titled, Analysis of Demographic Factors
for Populations Living Near Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Surface
Coating NSPS Source Category Operations--Final Rule, available in the

docket for this action. The results of the demographic analysis for
existing ALDT plants indicate that the following groups are above the
national average: African Americans, People Living Below the Poverty
Level, and People without a High School Diploma. For the new ALDT
plants, the results of the demographic analysis indicate that the
following groups are above the national average: African Americans,
Hispanic/Latino, and People without a High School Diploma. We
anticipate that the lower VOC emission limits finalized in this action
for new, modified, or reconstructed ALDT surface coating sources that
commence construction, reconstruction, or modification after May 18,
2022, will result in lower ambient concentrations of ground level ozone
and increase compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
for ozone.

K. Congressional Review Act (CRA)

    This action is subject to the CRA, and the EPA will submit a rule
report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of
the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5
U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedures,
Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental
relations, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic
compounds.

Michael S. Regan,
Administrator.

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the EPA amends 40 CFR
part 60 as follows:

PART 60--STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES

0
1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

Subpart A--General Provisions

0
2. Amend Sec.  60.17 by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (g)(14);
0
b. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(186) through (218) as paragraphs
(h)(191) through (223);
0
c. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(183) through (185) as paragraphs
(h)(187) through (189);
0
d. Redesignating paragraph (h)(182) as paragraph (h)(184) and paragraph
(h)(181) as paragraph (h)(186), respectively;
0
e. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(172) through (180) as paragraphs
(h)(175) through (183);
0
f. Redesignating paragraphs (h)(60) through (171) as paragraphs (h)(61)
through (172)
0
g. Adding new paragraph (h)(60);
0
h. Revising newly-designated paragraphs (h)(97) and (h)(110);
0
i. Adding new paragraphs (h)(173), (174), and (185);
0
j. Revising newly-designated paragraph (h)(186);
0
k. Adding new paragraph (h)(190);
0
l. Redesignating paragraphs (j)(1) through (4) as (j)(2) through (5);
and
0
m. Adding a new paragraph (j)(1).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:

Sec.  60.17  Incorporations by reference.

* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (14) ASME/ANSI PTC 19.10-1981, Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses [Part
10, Instruments and Apparatus], Issued August 31, 1981; IBR approved
for Sec. Sec.  60.56c(b); 60.63(f); 60.106(e); 60.104a(d), (h), (i),
and (j); 60.105a(b), (d), (f), and (g); 60.106a(a); 60.107a(a), (c),
and (d); tables 1 and 3 to subpart EEEE; tables 2 and 4 to subpart
FFFF; table 2 to subpart JJJJ; Sec. Sec.  60.285a(f); 60.396a(a);
60.2145(s) and (t); 60.2710(s) and (t); 60.2730(q); 60.4415(a);
60.4900(b); 60.5220(b); tables 1 and 2 to subpart LLLL; tables 2 and 3
to subpart MMMM; Sec. Sec.  60.5406(c); 60.5406a(c); 60.5407a(g);
60.5413(b); 60.5413a(b); 60.5413a(d).
* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (60) ASTM D1475-13, Standard Test Method for Density of Liquid
Coatings, Inks, and Related Products, Approved November 1, 2013; IBR
approved for Sec.  60.393a(f).
* * * * *
    (97) ASTM D2369-20, Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of
Coatings, Approved June 1, 2020; IBR approved for Sec. Sec.
60.393a(f); 60.723(b); 60.724(a); 60.725(b); 60.723a(b); 60.724a(a);
60.725a(b).
* * * * *
    (110) ASTM D2697-22, Standard Test Method for Volume Nonvolatile
Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings, Approved July 1, 2022; IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  60.393a(g); 60.723(b); 60.724(a); 60.725(b);
60.723a(b); 60.724a(a); 60.725a(b).
* * * * *
    (173) ASTM D5066-91, Standard Test Method for Determination of the
Transfer Efficiency Under Production Conditions for Spray Application
of Automotive Paints--Weight Basis, Approved June 1, 2017; IBR approved
for Sec.  60.393a(h).
    (174) ASTM D5087-02 (Reapproved 2021), Standard Test Method for
Determining Amount of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Released from
Solventborne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC
Control Device (Abatement), Approved February 1, 2021; IBR approved for
Sec.  60.397a(e); appendix A to subpart MMa.
* * * * *
    (185) ASTM D5965-02 (Reapproved 2013), Standard Test Methods for
Specific Gravity of Coating Powders, Approved June 1, 2013; IBR
approved for Sec.  60.393a(f).
    (186) ASTM D6093-97 (Reapproved 2016), Standard Test Method for
Percent Volume Nonvolatile Matter in Clear or Pigmented Coatings Using
a Helium Gas Pycnometer, Approved December 1, 2016; IBR approved for
Sec. Sec.  60.393a(g); 60.723(b); 60.724(a); 60.725(b); 60.723a(b);
60.724a(a); 60.725a(b).
* * * * *
    (190) ASTM D6266-00a (Reapproved 2017), Standard Test Method for
Determining the Amount of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Released From
Waterborne Automotive Coatings and Available for Removal in a VOC
Control Device (Abatement), Approved July 1, 2017; IBR approved for
Sec.  60.397a(e).
* * * * *
    (j) * * *
    (1) EPA-453/R-08-002, Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile
Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck
Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat Operations, September 2008, Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS); IBR approved for Sec. Sec.
60.393a(e) and (h); 60.395a(k); 60.397a(e); appendix A to subpart MMa.
* * * * *

Subpart MM--Standards of Performance for Automobile and Light Duty
Truck Surface Coating Operations for which Construction,
Modification or Reconstruction Commenced After October 5, 1979, and
On or Before May 18, 2022

0
3. Revise the heading for subpart MM of part 60 to read as set forth
above.

0
4. Amend Sec.  60.390 by revising paragraph (c) to read as follows:

Sec.  60.390  Applicability and designation of affected facility.

* * * * *
    (c) The provisions of this subpart apply to any affected facility
identified

in paragraph (a) of this section that begins construction,
reconstruction, or modification after October 5, 1979, and on or before
May 18, 2022.

0
5. Amend Sec.  60.391 in paragraph (a) by revising the definition of
``Flash-off area'' to read as follows:

Sec.  60.391  Definitions.

    (a) * * *
    Flash-off area means the structure on automobile and light-duty
truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank
or spray booth) and the bake oven. Flash-off area also means the
structure between spray booths in a wet-on-wet coating process in which
some of the solvent evaporates before the next spray booth; the flash
off area may be ambient temperature or heated to accelerate
evaporation.
* * * * *

0
6. Amend Sec.  60.392 by revising the introductory text to read as
follows:

Sec.  60.392  Standards for volatile organic compounds.

    On and after the date on which the initial performance test
required by Sec.  60.8 is completed, no owner or operator subject to
the provisions of this subpart shall discharge or cause the discharge
into the atmosphere from any affected facility VOC emissions in excess
of the limitations listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
The emission limitations listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) shall
apply at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown and
malfunction. As provided in Sec.  60.11(f), this provision supersedes
the exemptions for periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction in the
general provisions in subpart A of this part.
* * * * *

0
7. Amend Sec.  60.393 by revising paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) to read as
follows:

Sec.  60.393  Performance test and compliance provisions.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (A) Determine the fraction of total VOC which is emitted by an
affected facility that enters the control device by using the following
equation where ``n'' is the total number of stacks entering the control
device and ``p'' is the total number of stacks not connected to the
control device:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.000

    (1) In subsequent months, the owner or operator shall use the most
recently determined capture fraction for the performance test.
    (2) If the owner can justify to the Administrator's satisfaction
that another method will give comparable results, the Administrator
will approve its use on a case-by-case basis.
* * * * *

0
8. Amend Sec.  60.395 by revising paragraphs (a)(2), (b), and (c)
introductory text and adding paragraphs (e) and (f) to read as follows:

Sec.  60.395  Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    (a) * * *
    (2) Where compliance is achieved through the use of incineration,
the owner or operator shall include the following additional data in
the control device initial performance test required by Sec.  60.8(a)
or subsequent performance tests at which destruction efficiency is
determined: the combustion temperature (or the gas temperature upstream
and downstream of the catalyst bed), the total mass of VOC per volume
of applied coating solids before and after the incinerator, capture
efficiency, the destruction efficiency of the incinerator used to
attain compliance with the applicable emission limit specified in Sec.
60.392 and a description of the method used to establish the fraction
of VOC captured and sent to the control device.
    (b) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator
of an affected facility shall identify, record, and submit a report to
the Administrator every calendar quarter of each instance in which the
volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's emitted to the
atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) is greater than the
limit specified under Sec.  60.392. If no such instances have occurred
during a particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted
to the Administrator semiannually. Where compliance is achieved through
the use of a capture system and control device, the volume-weighted
average after the control device should be reported.
    (c) Where compliance with Sec.  60.392 is achieved through the use
of incineration, the owner or operator shall continuously record the
incinerator combustion temperature during coating operations for
thermal incineration or the gas temperature upstream and downstream of
the incinerator catalyst bed during coating operations for catalytic
incineration. The owner or operator shall submit a report at the
frequency specified in Sec.  60.7(c) and paragraph (e) of this section.
* * * * *
    (e) The owner or operator shall submit the reports listed in
paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section following the procedures
specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section. In addition
to the information required in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section,
owners or operators are required to report excess emissions and a
monitoring systems performance report and a summary report to the
Administrator according to Sec.  60.7(c) and (d). Owners or operators
are required by Sec.  60.7(c) and (d) to report the date, time, cause,
and duration of each exceedance of the applicable emission limit
specified in Sec.  60.392, any malfunction of the air pollution control
equipment, and any periods during which the CMS or monitoring device is
inoperative. For each failure, the report must include a list of the
affected sources or equipment and a description of the method used to
estimate the emissions.
    (1) Effective date. On and after November 6, 2023, or once the
reporting template has been available on the CEDRI website for 1-year,
whichever date is later, owners or operators must use the appropriate
spreadsheet template on the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting
Interface (CEDRI) website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/cedri) for this subpart. The date the reporting template
for this subpart becomes available will be listed on the CEDRI website.
The report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart,
regardless of the method by which the report is submitted. Submit all
reports to the EPA via CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA's
CDX (https://cdx.epa.gov/). The EPA will make all the information
submitted through CEDRI available to the public without further notice
to the owner or operator. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you
claim as CBI. Any information submitted using CEDRI

cannot later be claimed CBI. If you claim CBI, submit the report
following the procedure described in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to CEDRI as
described in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
    (2) System outage. Owner or operators that are required to submit a
report electronically through CEDRI in the EPA's CDX, may assert a
claim of EPA system outage for failure to timely comply with that
reporting requirement. To assert a claim of EPA system outage, owners
or operators must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs
(e)(2)(i) through (vii) of this section.
    (i) You must have been or will be precluded from accessing CEDRI
and submitting a required report within the time prescribed due to an
outage of either the EPA's CEDRI or CDX systems.
    (ii) The outage must have occurred within the period of time
beginning five business days prior to the date that the submission is
due.
    (iii) The outage may be planned or unplanned.
    (iv) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing
as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due
diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a
delay in reporting.
    (v) You must provide to the Administrator a written description
identifying:
    (A) The date(s) and time(s) when CDX or CEDRI was accessed, and the
system was unavailable;
    (B) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the
regulatory deadline to EPA system outage;
    (C) A description of measures taken or to be taken to minimize the
delay in reporting; and
    (D) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already
met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date
you reported.
    (vi) The decision to accept the claim of EPA system outage and
allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the
discretion of the Administrator.
    (vii) In any circumstance, the report must be submitted
electronically as soon as possible after the outage is resolved.
    (3) Force majeure. Owner or operators that are required to submit a
report electronically through CEDRI in the EPA's CDX, may assert a
claim of force majeure for failure to timely comply with that reporting
requirement. To assert a claim of force majeure, Owner or operators
must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (e)(1) through (5) of
this section.
    (i) You may submit a claim if a force majeure event is about to
occur, occurs, or has occurred or there are lingering effects from such
an event within the period of time beginning five business days prior
to the date the submission is due. For the purposes of this section, a
force majeure event is defined as an event that will be or has been
caused by circumstances beyond the control of the affected facility,
its contractors, or any entity controlled by the affected facility that
prevents you from complying with the requirement to submit a report
electronically within the time period prescribed. Examples of such
events are acts of nature (e.g., hurricanes, earthquakes, or floods),
acts of war or terrorism, or equipment failure or safety hazard beyond
the control of the affected facility (e.g., large scale power outage).
    (ii) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing
as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due
diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a
delay in reporting.
    (iii) You must provide to the Administrator:
    (A) A written description of the force majeure event;
    (B) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the
regulatory deadline to the force majeure event;
    (C) A description of measures taken or to be taken to minimize the
delay in reporting; and
    (D) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already
met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date
you reported.
    (iv) The decision to accept the claim of force majeure and allow an
extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of
the Administrator.
    (f) Where compliance is achieved through the use of incineration,
the owner or operator shall submit control device performance test
results at which destruction efficiency is determined for initial and
subsequent performance tests according to paragraph (a) of this section
within 60 days of completing each performance test following the
procedures specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section.
    (1) Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's
Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT website
(https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test.
    (i) Submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the
CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange
(CDX) (https://cdx.epa.gov/).
    (ii) The data must be submitted in a file format generated using
the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, the owner or operator may submit an
electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML)
schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
    (2) Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the
EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT website at the time of the test.
    (i) The results of the performance test must be included as an
attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with
the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
    (ii) Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the
EPA via CEDRI.
    (3) Confidential business information (CBI). Do not use CEDRI to
submit information you claim as CBI. Any information submitted using
CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Under CAA section 114(c), emissions
data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required
to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data
will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available.
Owners or operators that assert a CBI claim for any information
submitted under paragraph (f)(1) or (2) of this section, must submit a
complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA. The
file must be generated using the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic
file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
Owners or operators can submit CBI according to one of the two
procedures in paragraph (f)(3)(i) or (ii) of this section. All CBI
claims must be asserted at the time of submission.
    (i) If sending CBI through the postal service, submit the file on a
compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage
medium and clearly mark the medium as CBI. Owners or operators are
required to mail the electronic medium to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI
Office, Attention: Automobile and Light Duty Truck Surface Coating
Operations Sector Lead, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC
27703. The same file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA
via the EPA's CDX as described in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this
section.
    (ii) The EPA preferred method for CBI submittal is for it to be
transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer
Protocol (FTP), or other online file sharing services (e.g., Dropbox,
OneDrive, Google Drive). Electronic submissions must be transmitted
directly to the OAQPS CBI

Office at the email address [email protected], Attention: Automobile and
Light Duty Truck Surface Coating Operations Sector Lead, and as
described above, should be clearly identified as CBI. If assistance is
needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size
limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file
sharing service, you may email [email protected] to request a file
transfer link.

0
9. Add subpart MMa to part 60 to read as follows:

Subpart MMa--Standards of Performance for Automobile and Light Duty
Truck Surface Coating Operations for which Construction,
Modification or Reconstruction Commenced After May 18, 2022

Sec.
60.390a Applicability and designation of affected facility.
60.391a Definitions.
60.392a Standards for volatile organic compounds.
60.393a Performance test and compliance provisions.
60.394a Add-on control device operating limits and monitoring
requirements.
60.395a Notifications, reports, and records.
60.396a Add-on control device destruction efficiency.
60.397a Emission capture system efficiency.
Table 1 to Subpart MMa of Part 60--Operating limits for capture
systems and add-on control devices.
Appendix A to Subpart MMa of Part 60--Determination of capture
efficiency of automobile and light-duty truck spray booth emissions
from solvent-borne coatings using panel testing.

Subpart MMa--Standards of Performance for Automobile and Light Duty
Truck Surface Coating Operations for which Construction,
Modification or Reconstruction Commenced After May 18, 2022

Sec.  60.390a  Applicability and designation of affected facility.

    (a) The provisions of this subpart apply to the following affected
facilities in an automobile or light-duty truck assembly plant
specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section:
    (1) Each prime coat operation, each guide coat operation, and each
topcoat operation.
    (2) All storage containers and mixing vessels in which coatings,
thinners, and cleaning materials are stored or mixed.
    (3) All manual and automated equipment and containers used for
conveying coatings, thinners, and cleaning materials.
    (4) All storage containers and all manual and automated equipment
and containers used for conveying waste materials generated by a
coating operation.
    (b) Exempted from the provisions of this subpart are operations
used to coat plastic body components on separate coating lines. The
attachment of plastic body parts to a metal body before the body is
coated does not cause the metal body coating operation to be exempted.
    (c) The provisions of this subpart apply to any affected facility
identified in paragraph (a) of this section that begins construction,
reconstruction, or modification after May 18, 2022.
    (d) The following physical or operational changes are not, by
themselves, considered modifications of existing facilities:
    (1) Changes as a result of model year changeovers or switches to
larger vehicles.
    (2) Changes in the application of the coatings to increase coating
film thickness.

Sec.  60.391a  Definitions.

    All terms used in this subpart that are not defined below have the
meaning given to them in the Act and in subpart A of this part.
    Applied coating solids means the volume of dried or cured coating
solids which is deposited and remains on the surface of the automobile
or light-duty truck body.
    Automobile means a motor vehicle capable of carrying no more than
12 passengers.
    Automobile and light-duty truck assembly plant means a facility
that assembles automobiles or light-duty trucks, including coating
facilities and processes.
    Automobile and light-duty truck body means the exterior surface of
an automobile or light-duty truck including hoods, fenders, cargo
boxes, doors, and grill opening panels.
    Bake oven means a device that uses heat to dry or cure coatings.
    Electrodeposition (EDP) means a method of applying a prime coat by
which the automobile or light-duty truck body is submerged in a tank
filled with coating material and an electrical field is used to affect
the deposition of the coating material on the body.
    Electrostatic spray application means a spray application method
that uses an electrical potential to increase the transfer efficiency
of the coating solids. Electrostatic spray application can be used for
prime coat, guide coat, or topcoat operations.
    Flash-off area means the structure on automobile and light-duty
truck assembly lines between the coating application system (dip tank
or spray booth) and the bake oven. Flash off area also means the
structure between spray booths in a wet-on-wet coating process in which
some of the solvent evaporates before the next spray booth; the flash
off area may be ambient temperature or heated to accelerate
evaporation.
    Guide coat operation means the guide coat spray booth, flash-off
area, and bake oven(s) which are used to apply and dry or cure a
surface coating between the prime coat and topcoat operation on the
components of automobile and light-duty truck bodies.
    Light-duty truck means any motor vehicle rated at 3,850 kilograms
gross vehicle weight or less, designed mainly to transport property.
    Plastic body means an automobile or light-duty truck body
constructed of synthetic organic material.
    Plastic body component means any component of an automobile or
light-duty truck exterior surface constructed of synthetic organic
material.
    Prime coat operation means the prime coat spray booth or dip tank,
flash-off area, and bake oven(s) which are used to apply and dry or
cure the initial coating on components of automobile or light-duty
truck bodies.
    Purge or line purge means the coating material expelled from the
spray system when clearing it.
    Solvent-borne means a coating which contains five percent or less
water by weight in its volatile fraction.
    Spray application means a method of applying coatings by atomizing
the coating material and directing the atomized material toward the
part to be coated. Spray applications can be used for prime coat, guide
coat, and topcoat operations.
    Spray booth means a structure housing automatic or manual spray
application equipment where prime coat, guide coat, or topcoat is
applied to components of automobile or light-duty truck bodies.
    Surface coating operation means any prime coat, guide coat, or
topcoat operation on an automobile or light-duty truck surface coating
line.
    Topcoat operation means the topcoat spray booth(s), heated flash-
off area, flash-off area, and bake oven(s) which are used to apply and
dry or cure the final coating(s) on components of automobile and light-
duty truck bodies.
    Transfer efficiency means the ratio of the amount of coating solids
transferred onto the surface of a part or product to the total amount
of coating solids used.
    VOC content means all volatile organic compounds that are in a
coating expressed as kilograms of VOC per liter of coating solids.

    Waterborne or water reducible means a coating which contains more
than five weight percent water in its volatile fraction.

Sec.  60.392a  Standards for volatile organic compounds.

    You must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (a) through (h)
of this section.
    (a) Emission limitations. On and after the date on which the
initial performance test required by Sec.  60.8 is completed, you must
not discharge or cause the discharge into the atmosphere from any
affected facility VOC emissions in excess of the limits in paragraph
(a)(1) through (4) of this section. The emission limitations listed in
this paragraph (a) of this section shall apply at all times, including
periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction. As provided in Sec.
60.11(f), this provision supersedes the exemptions for periods of
startup, shutdown and malfunction in the part 60 general provisions in
subpart A to this part.
    (1) For each EDP prime coat operation:
    (i) 0.027 kilogram of VOC per liter of applied coating solids when
RT is 0.16 or greater.
    (ii) 0.027 x 350(0.160-RT) kg of VOC per liter of
applied coating solids when RT is greater than or equal to 0.040 and
less than 0.160.
    (iii) When RT is less than 0.040, there is no emission
limit.
    (2) 0.027 kilograms of VOC per liter of applied coating solids
(0.23 pounds per gallon of applied coating solids) from each non-EDP
prime coat operation.
    (3) 0.35 kilograms of VOC per liter of applied coating solids (2.92
pounds per gallon of applied coating solids) from each guide coat
operation.
    (4) 0.42 kilograms of VOC per liter of applied coating solids (3.53
pounds per gallon of applied coating solids) from each topcoat
operation.
    (b) Work practices for storage, mixing, and conveying. You must
develop and implement a work practice plan to minimize VOC emissions
from the storage, mixing, and conveying of coatings, thinners, and
cleaning materials used in, and waste materials generated by, all
coating operations for which emission limits are established under
Sec.  60.392a(a). The plan must specify practices and procedures to
ensure that, at a minimum, the elements specified in paragraphs (b)(1)
through (5) of this section are implemented.
    (1) All VOC-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and
waste materials must be stored in closed containers.
    (2) The risk of spills of VOC-containing coatings, thinners,
cleaning materials, and waste materials must be minimized.
    (3) VOC-containing coatings, thinners, cleaning materials, and
waste materials must be conveyed from one location to another in closed
containers or pipes.
    (4) Mixing vessels, other than day tanks equipped with continuous
agitation systems, which contain VOC-containing coatings and other
materials must be closed except when adding to, removing, or mixing the
contents.
    (5) Emissions of VOC must be minimized during cleaning of storage,
mixing, and conveying equipment.
    (c) Work practices for cleaning and purging. You must develop and
implement a work practice plan to minimize VOC emissions from cleaning
and from purging of equipment associated with all coating operations
for which emission limits are established under paragraph (a) of this
section.
    (1) The plan shall, at a minimum, address each of the operations
listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (viii) of this section in which
you use VOC-containing materials or in which there is a potential for
emission of VOC.
    (i) The plan must address vehicle body wipe emissions through one
or more of the techniques listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(A) through (D)
of this section, or an approved alternative.
    (A) Use of solvent-moistened wipes.
    (B) Keeping solvent containers closed when not in use.
    (C) Keeping wipe disposal/recovery containers closed when not in
use.
    (D) Use of tack-wipes.
    (ii) The plan must address coating line purging emissions through
one or more of the techniques listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(A)
through (D) of this section, or an approved alternative.
    (A) Air/solvent push-out.
    (B) Capture and reclaim or recovery of purge materials (excluding
applicator nozzles/tips).
    (C) Block painting to the maximum extent feasible.
    (D) Use of low-VOC or no-VOC solvents for purge.
    (iii) The plan must address emissions from flushing of coating
systems through one or more of the techniques listed in paragraphs
(c)(1)(iii)(A) through (D) of this section, or an approved alternative.
    (A) Keeping solvent tanks closed.
    (B) Recovering and recycling solvents.
    (C) Keeping recovered/recycled solvent tanks closed.
    (D) Use of low-VOC or no-VOC solvents.
    (iv) The plan must address emissions from cleaning of spray booth
grates through one or more of the techniques listed in paragraphs
(c)(1)(iv)(A) through (E) of this section, or an approved alternative.
    (A) Controlled burn-off.
    (B) Rinsing with high-pressure water (in place).
    (C) Rinsing with high-pressure water (off line).
    (D) Use of spray-on masking or other type of liquid masking.
    (E) Use of low-VOC or no-VOC content cleaners.
    (v) The plan must address emissions from cleaning of spray booth
walls through one or more of the techniques listed in paragraphs
(c)(1)(v)(A) through (E) of this section, or an approved alternative.
    (A) Use of masking materials (contact paper, plastic sheet, or
other similar type of material).
    (B) Use of spray-on masking.
    (C) Use of rags and manual wipes instead of spray application when
cleaning walls.
    (D) Use of low-VOC or no-VOC content cleaners.
    (E) Controlled access to cleaning solvents.
    (vi) The plan must address emissions from cleaning of spray booth
equipment through one or more of the techniques listed in paragraphs
(c)(1)(vi)(A) through (E) of this section, or an approved alternative.
    (A) Use of covers on equipment (disposable or reusable).
    (B) Use of parts cleaners (off-line submersion cleaning).
    (C) Use of spray-on masking or other protective coatings.
    (D) Use of low-VOC or no-VOC content cleaners.
    (E) Controlled access to cleaning solvents.
    (vii) The plan must address emissions from cleaning of external
spray booth areas through one or more of the techniques listed in
paragraphs (c)(1)(vii)(A) through (F) of this section, or an approved
alternative.
    (A) Use of removable floor coverings (paper, foil, plastic, or
similar type of material).
    (B) Use of manual and/or mechanical scrubbers, rags, or wipes
instead of spray application.
    (C) Use of shoe cleaners to eliminate coating track-out from spray
booths.
    (D) Use of booties or shoe wraps.
    (E) Use of low-VOC or no-VOC content cleaners.
    (F) Controlled access to cleaning solvents.
    (viii) The plan must address emissions from housekeeping measures
not addressed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (vii) of this section
through one or more of the techniques listed in

paragraphs (c)(1)(viii)(A) through (C) of this section, or an approved
alternative.
    (A) Keeping solvent-laden articles (cloths, paper, plastic, rags,
wipes, and similar items) in covered containers when not in use.
    (B) Storing new and used solvents in closed containers.
    (C) Transferring of solvents in a manner to minimize the risk of
spills.
    (2) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraphs (c)(1)(i)
through (viii) of this section, if the type of coatings used in any
facility with surface coating operations subject to the requirements of
this section are of such a nature that the need for one or more of the
practices specified under paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (viii) of this
section is eliminated, then the plan may include approved alternative
or equivalent measures that are applicable or necessary during cleaning
of storage, conveying, and application equipment.
    (d) Work practice plan revisions. The work practice plans developed
in accordance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are not
required to be incorporated in your title V permit. Any revisions to
the work practice plans developed in accordance with paragraphs (b) and
(c) of this section do not constitute revisions to your title V permit.
    (e) Work practice plan retention time. Copies of the current work
practice plans developed in accordance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of
this section, as well as plans developed within the preceding 5 years
must be available on-site for inspection and copying by the permitting
authority.
    (f) Operating limits. You are not required to meet any operating
limits for any coating operation(s) without add-on controls, nor are
you required to meet operating limits for any coating operation(s) that
do not utilize emission capture systems and add-on controls to comply
with the emission limits in Sec.  60.392a(a).
    (g) Operating limits for operations with add-on controls. Except as
provided in paragraph (h) of this section, for any controlled coating
operation(s), you must meet the operating limits specified in table 1
to this subpart. These operating limits apply to the emission capture
and add-on control systems for affected sources in Sec.  60.390a(a)(1),
and you must establish the operating limits during performance tests
according to the requirements in Sec.  60.394a. You must meet the
operating limits at all times after you establish them.
    (h) Alternative operating limits. If you use an add-on control
device other than those listed in table 1 to this subpart or wish to
monitor an alternative parameter and comply with a different operating
limit, you must apply to the Administrator for approval of alternative
monitoring under Sec.  60.13(i).

Sec.  60.393a  Performance test and compliance provisions.

    (a) Representative conditions. You must conduct performance tests
under representative conditions for the affected coating operation
according to Sec.  60.8(c) and under the conditions in this section
unless you obtain a waiver of the performance test according to the
provisions in Sec.  60.8(b)(4).
    (1) Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, or nonoperation
do not constitute conditions representative of normal operation for
purposes of conducting a performance test. You may not conduct
performance tests during periods of malfunction. Emissions in excess of
the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and
malfunction will be considered a violation of the applicable emission
limit.
    (2) You must record the process information that is necessary to
document operating conditions during the performance test and explain
why the conditions represent normal operation. Upon request, you must
make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to
determine the conditions of performance tests.
    (3) Section 60.8(d) and (f) do not apply to the performance test
procedures required by this section.
    (b) Initial and continuous compliance requirements. You must
conduct an initial performance test in accordance with Sec.  60.8(a)
and thereafter for each calendar month for each affected facility
according to the procedures in this section. You must also conduct
periodic performance tests of add-on controls, except for solvent
recovery systems for which liquid-liquid material balances are
conducted according to paragraph (l) of this section, to reestablish
the operating limits required by Sec.  60.392a within 5 years following
the previous performance test. You must meet all the requirements of
this section to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance.
    (1) To demonstrate initial compliance, the VOC emissions from
affected source must meet the applicable emission limitation in Sec.
60.392a and the work practice standards in Sec.  60.392a and the
applicable operating limits in Sec.  60.392a established during the
initial performance test using the procedures in Sec.  60.394a and
table 1 to this subpart.
    (i) You must complete the initial compliance demonstration for the
initial compliance period according to the requirements of this
section. The initial compliance period begins on the applicable
compliance date specified in Sec.  60.8 and ends on the last day of the
month following the compliance date. If the compliance date occurs on
any day other than the first day of a month, then the initial
compliance period extends through the end of that month plus the next
month.
    (ii) You must determine the mass of VOC emissions and volume of
coating solids deposited in the initial compliance period. The initial
compliance demonstration includes the results of emission capture
system and add-on control device performance tests conducted according
to Sec. Sec.  60.396a and 60.397a; supporting documentation showing
that during the initial compliance period the VOC emission rate was
equal to or less than the emission limit in Sec.  60.392a; the
operating limits established during the performance tests and the
results of the continuous parameter monitoring required by Sec.
60.394a; and documentation of whether you developed and implemented the
work practice plans required by Sec.  60.392(b) and (c).
    (2) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the applicable
emission limit in Sec.  60.392a, the VOC emission rate for each
compliance period, determined according to the procedures in this
section, must be equal to or less than the applicable emission limit in
Sec.  60.392a. A compliance period consists of 1 month. Each month
after the end of the initial compliance period described in Sec.
60.393a(b)(1)(i) is a compliance period consisting of that month. You
must perform the calculations in this section on a monthly basis.
    (3) If the VOC emission rate for any 1-month compliance period
exceeded the applicable emission limit in Sec.  60.392a, this is a
deviation from the emission limitation for that compliance period and
must be reported as specified in Sec.  60.395a(h).
    (c) Compliance with operating limits. Except as provided in
paragraph (c)(1) of this section, you must establish and demonstrate
continuous compliance during the initial compliance period with the
operating limits required by Sec.  60.392a, using the procedures
specified in Sec.  60.394a.
    (1) You do not need to comply with the operating limits for the
emission capture system and add-on control device required by Sec.
60.394a until after you have completed the initial

performance test specified in paragraph (b) of this section. During the
period between the startup date of the affected source and the initial
performance test required by Sec.  60.8 you must maintain a log
detailing the operation and maintenance of the emission capture system,
the add-on control device, and the continuous monitoring system (CMS).
    (2) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with each operating
limit required by Sec.  60.392a that applies to you, as specified in
Table 1 to this subpart, and you must conduct performance tests as
specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section.
    (3) If an operating parameter is out of the allowed range specified
in table 1 to this subpart, this is a deviation from the operating
limit that must be reported as specified in Sec.  60.395a(h).
    (4) If an operating parameter deviates from the operating limit
specified in table 1 to this subpart, then you must assume that the
emission capture system and add-on control device were achieving zero
efficiency during the time period of the deviation except as provided
in Sec.  60.393a (m).
    (5) Except for solvent recovery systems for which you conduct
liquid-liquid material balances according to paragraph (l) of this
section for controlled coating operations, you must conduct periodic
performance tests of add-on controls and reestablish the operating
limits required by Sec.  60.392a within 5 years following the previous
performance test. You must conduct the first periodic performance test
within 5 years following the initial performance test required by Sec.
60.8. Thereafter, you must conduct a performance test no later than 5
years following the previous performance test. Operating limits must be
confirmed or reestablished during each performance test. If you are
using the alternative monitoring option for a catalytic oxidizer
according to Sec.  60.394a(b)(3) and following the catalyst maintenance
procedures in Sec.  60.394a(b)(4), you are not required to conduct
periodic control device performance testing as specified by this
paragraph (c). For any control device for which instruments are used to
continuously measure organic compound emissions, you are not required
to conduct periodic control device performance testing as specified by
this paragraph. The requirements of this paragraph do not apply to
measuring emission capture system efficiency.
    (6) You must meet the requirements for bypass lines in Sec.
60.394a(h) for control devices other than solvent recovery systems for
which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances. If any bypass line
is opened and emissions are diverted to the atmosphere when the coating
operation is running, this is a deviation that must be reported as
specified in Sec.  60.395a(h). For the purposes of completing the
compliance calculations specified in paragraph (j) of this section, you
must assume that the emission capture system and add-on control device
were achieving zero efficiency during the time period of the deviation.
    (d) Compliance with work practice requirements. You must develop,
implement, and document implementation of the work practice plans
required by Sec.  60.392a(b) and (c) during the initial compliance
period, as specified in Sec.  60.395a.
    (1) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with the work
practice standards in Sec.  60.392a (b) and (c). If you did not develop
a work practice plan, if you did not implement the plan, or if you did
not keep the records required by Sec.  60.395a (k)(11), this is a
deviation from the work practice standards that must be reported as
specified in Sec.  60.395a (k)(4).
    (e) Compliance with emission limits. You must use the following
procedures in paragraphs (f) through (m) of this section to determine
the monthly volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of
applied coating solids for each affected facility to demonstrate
compliance with the applicable emission limitation in Sec.  60.392a.
You may also use the guidelines presented in ``Protocol for Determining
the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and
Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat'' EPA-453/R-08-002
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  60.17) in making this
demonstration.
    (f) Determine the mass fraction of VOC, density, and volume for
each material used. You must follow the procedures specified in
paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section to determine the mass
fraction of VOC, the density, and volume for each coating and thinner
used during each month. For the electrodeposition primer operation, the
mass fraction of VOC, density, and volume used must be determined for
each material added to the tank or system during each month.
    (1) Determine the mass fraction of VOC for each material used. You
must determine the mass fraction of VOC for each material used during
the compliance period by using one of the options in paragraphs
(f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
    (i) EPA Method 24 (appendix A-7 to 40 CFR part 60). For coatings,
you may use EPA Method 24 to determine the mass fraction of nonaqueous
volatile matter and use that value as a substitute for the mass
fraction of VOC. As an alternative to using EPA Method 24, you may use
ASTM D2369-20 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  60.17). For Method
24, the coating sample must be a 1-liter sample taken in a 1-liter
container.
    (ii) Alternative method. You may use an alternative test method for
determining the mass fraction of VOC once the Administrator has
approved it. You must follow the procedure in Sec.  60.8(b)(3) to
submit an alternative test method for approval.
    (iii) Information from the supplier or manufacturer of the
material. You may rely on information other than that generated by the
test methods specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this
section, such as manufacturer's formulation data. If there is a
disagreement between such information and results of a test conducted
according to paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section, then
the test method results will take precedence, unless after
consultation, you demonstrate to the satisfaction of the enforcement
authority that the facility's data are correct.
    (2) Determine the density of each material used. Determine the
density of each material used during the compliance period from test
results using ASTM D1475-13 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.
60.17) or for powder coatings, test method A or test method B of ASTM
D5965-02 (Reapproved 2013) (incorporated by reference, see Sec.
60.17), or information from the supplier or manufacturer of the
material. If there is disagreement between ASTM D1475-13 test results
or ASTM D5965-02 (Reapproved 2013), Test Method A or Test Method B test
results and the supplier's or manufacturer's information, the test
results will take precedence unless after consultation, the facility
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the enforcement authority that the
supplier's or manufacturer's data are correct.
    (3) Determine the volume of each material used. You must determine
from company records on a monthly basis the volume of coating consumed,
as received, and the mass of solvent used for thinning purposes.
    (g) Determine the volume fraction of coating solids for each
coating. You must determine the volume fraction of coating solids for
each coating used during the compliance period by a test or by
information provided by the supplier or the manufacturer of the
material, as specified in paragraphs

(g)(1) and (2) of this section. For electrodeposition primer
operations, the volume fraction of solids must be determined for each
material added to the tank or system during each month. If test results
obtained according to paragraph (g)(1) of this section do not agree
with the information obtained under paragraph (g)(2) of this section,
the test results will take precedence unless, after consultation, the
facility demonstrates to the satisfaction of the enforcement authority
that the facility's data are correct.
    (1) ASTM Method D2697-22 or ASTM Method D6093-97. You may use ASTM
D2697-22 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  60.17), or ASTM D6093-97
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  60.17), to determine the volume
fraction of coating solids for each coating. Divide the nonvolatile
volume percent obtained with the methods by 100 to calculate volume
fraction of coating solids.
    (2) Information from the supplier or manufacturer of the material.
You may obtain the volume fraction of coating solids for each coating
from the supplier or manufacturer.
    (h) Determine the transfer efficiency for each coating. You must
determine the transfer efficiency for each non-electrodeposition prime
coat coating, each guide coat coating and each topcoat coating using
ASTM Method D5066-91 (Reapproved 2017), ``Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production Conditions
for Spray Application of Automotive Paints--Weight Basis''
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  60.17), or the guidelines
presented in ``Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic
Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-
Surfacer and Topcoat'' EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec.  60.17). You may conduct transfer efficiency testing on
representative coatings and for representative spray booths as
described in ``Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic
Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-
Surfacer and Topcoat'' EPA-453/R-08-002 (incorporated by reference, see
Sec.  60.17). You may assume 100 percent transfer efficiency for
electrodeposition primer coatings.
    (i) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per
volume of applied coating solids before add-on controls. (1) Calculate
the mass of VOC used in each calendar month for each affected facility
using Equation 1 of this section, where ``n'' is the total number of
coatings used and ``m'' is the total number of VOC solvents used:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.001

Where:

Mo = total mass of VOC in coatings as received
(kilograms).
Md = total mass of VOC in dilution solvent (kilograms).
Lci = volume of each coating (i) consumed, as received
(liters).
Dci = density of each coating (i) as received (kilograms
per liter).
Woi = proportion of VOC by weight in each coating (i), as
received.
Ldj = volume of each type VOC dilution solvent (j) added
to the coatings, as received (liters).
Ddj = density of each type VOC dilution solvent (j) added
to the coatings, as received (kilograms per liter).
[[Sigma]LdjDdj will be zero if no VOC solvent
is added to the coatings, as received.]

    (2) Calculate the total volume of coating solids used in each
calendar month for each affected facility using Equation 2 of this
section, where ``n'' is the total number of coatings used:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.002

Where:

Ls = volume of solids in coatings consumed (liters).
Lci = volume of each coating (i) consumed, as received
(liters).
Vsi = proportion of solids by volume in each coating (i)
as received.

    (3) Calculate the transfer efficiency (T) for each surface coating
operation according to paragraph (h) of this section.
    (i) When more than one application method (l) is used on an
individual surface coating operation, you must perform an analysis to
determine an average transfer efficiency using Equation 3 of this
section, where ``n'' is the total number of coatings used and ``p'' is
the total number of application methods:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.003

Where:

T = overall transfer efficiency.
Tl = transfer efficiency for application method (l).
Vsi = proportion of solids by volume in each coating (i)
as received
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.004

Lcil = Volume of each coating (i) consumed by each
application method (l), as received (liters).
Ls = volume of solids in coatings consumed (liters).

    (ii) [Reserved]
    (4) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids (G) during each calendar month for each affected
facility using Equation 4 of this section:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.005

Where:

G = volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied solids
(kilograms per liter).
Mo = total mass of VOC in coatings as received
(kilograms).
Md = total mass of VOC in dilution solvent (kilograms).
Ls = volume of solids in coatings consumed (liters).
T = overall transfer efficiency.

    (5) Select the appropriate limit according to Sec.  60.392a. If the
volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating
solids (G), calculated on a calendar month basis, is less than or equal
to the applicable emission limit specified in Sec.  60.392a, the
affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a
performance test for the purpose of this subpart.
    (j) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per
volume of applied coating solids after add-on controls. You use the
following procedures for each affected facility which uses a capture
system and a control device that destroys VOC (e.g., incinerator) to
comply with the applicable emission limit specified under Sec.
60.392a. Use the procedures in paragraph (j)(1) through (5) of this
section to calculate volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids for each controlled coating operation using an
emission capture system and add-on control device other than a solvent
recovery system for which you conduct liquid-liquid material balances.
For each controlled coating operation using a solvent recovery system
for which you conduct a liquid-liquid material balance, you must use
the procedures in paragraph (l) of this section.
    (1) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids (G) during each calendar month for each affected
facility as described under Sec.  60.393a(i)(4).
    (2) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids (N) emitted after the control device using
Equation 5 of this section:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.006

Where:

N = volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied
coating solids after the control device in units of kilograms of VOC
per liter of applied coating solids.
G = volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied
coating solids (kilograms per liter).
CE = fraction of total VOC that is emitted by an affected facility
that enters the control device.
DRE = VOC destruction or removal efficiency of the control device.

    (3) You must use the procedures and test methods in section 60.397a
to determine the emission capture system efficiency (CE) as part of the
initial performance test.
    (i) If you can justify to the Administrator's satisfaction that
another method will give comparable results, the Administrator will
approve its use on a case-by-case basis.
    (ii) In subsequent months, you must use the most recently
determined capture efficiency for the performance test.
    (4) You must use the procedures and test methods in section 60.396a
to determine the add-on control device emission destruction or removal
efficiency as part of the initial performance test.
    (i) In subsequent months, you must use the most recently determined
VOC destruction efficiency for the performance test.
    (ii) If two or more add-on control devices are used for the same
emission stream, you must measure emissions at the outlet of each
device in accordance with Sec.  60.396a(c). If there is more than one
inlet or outlet to the add-on control device, you must calculate the
total gaseous organic mass flow rate for each inlet and each outlet and
then total all of the inlet emissions and total all of the outlet
emissions in accordance with Sec.  60.396a(d). The emission destruction
or removal efficiency of the add-on control device is the average of
the efficiencies determined in the three test runs. The destruction or
removal efficiency determined using these data shall be applied to each
affected facility served by the control device.
    (5) Calculate the mass of VOC for each affected facility each
calendar month for each period of time in which a deviation, including
a deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from
an emission limitation, an operating limit or any CMS requirement for
the capture system or control device serving the controlled coating
operation occurred. Except as provided in paragraph (m) of this
section, for any period of time in which a deviation, including a
deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from an
emission limitation or operating limit or from any CMS requirement of
the capture system or control device serving the controlled coating
operation occurred, you must assume zero efficiency for the emission
capture system and add-on control device. During such a deviation you
must assume the affected source was uncontrolled for the duration of
the deviation using the equation in paragraph (i)(4) of this section.
    (6) Adjust the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids emitted after the control device for each
affected facility (N) during a calendar month for periods of deviation
by adding the mass of VOC for the uncontrolled period of time according
to paragraph (i)(5) of this section.
    (7) If the adjusted volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume
of applied solids emitted after the control device (N) calculated on a
calendar month basis is less than or equal to the applicable emission
limit specified in Sec.  60.392a, the affected facility is in
compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test for the
purposes of this subpart.
    (k) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC emitted per
volume of applied coating solids after add-on recovery devices. You
must use the following procedures for each affected facility which uses
a capture system and a control device that recovers the VOC (e.g.,
carbon adsorber) other than a solvent recovery system for which you
conduct a liquid-liquid material balance to comply with the applicable
emission limit specified under Sec.  60.392a.
    (1) Calculate the mass of VOC (Mo + Md) used
during each calendar month for each affected facility as described
under paragraph (i) of this section.
    (2) Calculate the total volume of coating solids (Ls)
used in each calendar month for each affected facility as described
under paragraph (i) of this section.
    (3) Calculate the mass of VOC recovered (Mr) each
calendar month for each affected facility by the following equation:

Mr = Lr * Dr

Where:

Mr = total mass of VOC recovered from an affected
facility (kilograms).
Lr = volume of VOC recovered from an affected facility
(liters).

Dr = density of VOC recovered from an affected facility
(kilograms per liter).

    (4) Calculate the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids emitted after the control device (N) during a
calendar month using Equation 6 of this section:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.007

Where:

N = volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied
coating solids after the control device in units of kilograms of VOC
per liter of applied coating solids.
Mo = total mass of VOC in coatings as received
(kilograms).
Md = total mass of VOC in dilution solvent (kilograms).
Mr = total mass of VOC recovered from an affected
facility (kilograms).
Ls = volume of solids in coatings consumed (liters).
T = overall transfer efficiency.

    (5) Adjust the volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of
applied coating solids emitted after the recovery device for each
affected facility (N) during a calendar month for periods of deviation
by adding the mass of VOC for the uncontrolled periods of time
according to paragraph (i)(6) of this section.
    (6) If the adjusted volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume
of applied solids emitted after the control device (N) calculated on a
calendar month basis is less than or equal to the applicable emission
limit specified in Sec.  60.392a, the affected facility is in
compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test for the
purposes of this subpart.
    (l) Calculate the collection and recovery efficiency for solvent
recovery systems using liquid-liquid material balances. You must use
the following procedures for each affected facility which uses a
solvent recovery system for which you conduct liquid-liquid material
balances to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under
Sec.  60.392a.
    (1) Calculate the mass of VOC emission reduction for the coating
operation controlled by the solvent recovery system using a liquid-
liquid material balance for each affected facility by applying the
volatile organic matter collection and recovery efficiency to the mass
of VOC contained in the coatings and thinners used in the coating
operation controlled by the solvent recovery system during each month.
Perform a liquid-liquid material balance for each month as specified in
paragraphs (l)(1) through (6) of this section.
    (2) For each solvent recovery system, install, calibrate, maintain,
and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications, a device
that indicates the cumulative amount of volatile organic matter
recovered by the solvent recovery system each month. The device must be
initially certified by the manufacturer to be accurate to within 2.0 percent of the mass of volatile organic matter recovered.
    (3) For each solvent recovery system, determine the mass of
volatile organic matter recovered for the month based on measurement
with the device required in paragraphs (l)(l) and (2) of this section.
    (4) For each affected facility, determine the mass of VOC (Mo + Md)
of each coating and thinner controlled by the solvent recovery system
for each calendar month using the equation in paragraph (i)(1) of this
section.
    (5) Calculate the solvent recovery system's volatile organic matter
collection and recovery efficiency (RV) for each affected
facility using Equation 7 of this section:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR09MY23.008

Where:

RV = Volatile organic matter collection and recovery
efficiency of the solvent recovery system during the month, percent.
MVR = Mass of volatile organic matter recovered by the
solvent recovery system during the month, kg.
Voli = Volume of coating, i, used in the coating
operation controlled by the solvent recovery system during the
month, liters.
Di = Density of coating, i, kg per liter.
WVc, i = Mass fraction of volatile organic matter for
coating, i, kg volatile organic matter per kg coating.
Volj = Volume of thinner, j, used in the coating
operation controlled by the solvent recovery system during the
month, liters.
Dj = Density of thinner, j, kg per liter.
WVt, j = Mass fraction of volatile organic matter for
thinner, j, kg volatile organic matter per kg thinner.
m = Number of different coatings used in the coating operation
controlled by the solvent recovery system during the month.
n = Number of different thinners used in the coating operation
controlled by the solvent recovery system during the month.

    (6) For each affected facility, you may apply the solvent recovery
system's volatile organic matter collection and recovery efficiency to
the mass of VOC for the coating operation controlled by the solvent
recovery system for each calendar month.
    (m) Deviations. You may request approval from the Administrator to
use non-zero capture efficiencies and add-on control device
efficiencies for any period of time in which a deviation, including a
deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, from an
emission limitation, operating limit or any CMS requirement for the
capture system or add-on control device serving a controlled coating
operation occurred.
    (1) If you have manually collected parameter data indicating that a
capture system or add-on control device was operating normally during a
CMS malfunction, a CMS out-of-control period, or associated repair,
then these data may be used to support and document your request to use
the normal capture efficiency or add-on control device efficiency for
that period of deviation.
    (2) If you have data indicating the actual performance of a capture
system or add-on control device (e.g., capture efficiency measured at a
reduced flow rate or add-on control device efficiency measured at a
reduced thermal oxidizer temperature) during a deviation,

including a deviation during a period of startup, shutdown, or
malfunction, from an emission limitation or operating limit or from any
CMS requirement for the capture system or add-on control device serving
a controlled coating operation, then these data may be used to support
and document your request to use these values for that period of
deviation.
    (3) You may recalculate the adjusted volume weighted average mass
of VOC emitted per volume of applied coating solids after add-on
controls in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, and the adjusted volume
weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids
emitted after the recovery device in paragraph (k)(4) of this section,
based on Administrator approval of the non-zero capture efficiency and
add-on control device efficiency values based on data provided in
accordance with paragraphs (m)(1) and (2) of this section.
    (n) No deviations. If there were no deviations from the emission
limitations, submit a statement as part of the compliance report that
you were in compliance with the emission limitations during the
reporting period because the VOC emission rate for each compliance
period was less than or equal to the applicable emission limit in Sec.
60.392a, you achieved the operating limits required by Sec.  60.394a,
and you achieved the work practice standards required by Sec.  60.392a
during each compliance period.
    (o) Recordkeeping. You must maintain records as specified in Sec.
60.395a.

Sec.  60.394a  Add-on control device operating limits and monitoring
requirements.

    During the performance tests required by Sec.  60.393a, if you use
an add-on control device(s) to comply with the emission limits
specified under Sec.  60.392a(a) through (c), you must establish add-on
control device operating limits required by Sec.  60.392a(h) according
to this section, unless approval has been received for alternative
monitoring under Sec.  60.13(i) as specified in Sec.  60.392a(h).
    (a) Thermal oxidizers. If your add-on control device is a thermal
oxidizer, establish the operating limit according to paragraphs (a)(1)
and (2) of this section.
    (1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the
combustion temperature at least once every 15 minutes during each of
the three test runs. You must monitor the temperature in the firebox of
the thermal oxidizer or immediately downstream of the firebox before
any substantial heat exchange occurs.
    (2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to
calculate and record the average combustion temperature maintained
during the performance test. This average combustion temperature is the
minimum 3-hour average operating limit for your thermal oxidizer.
    (b) Catalytic oxidizers. If your add-on control device is a
catalytic oxidizer, establish the operating limits according to either
paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) or paragraphs (b)(3) and (4) of this section.
    (1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the
temperature just before the catalyst bed and the temperature difference
across the catalyst bed at least once every 15 minutes during each of
the three test runs.
    (2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to
calculate and record the average temperature just before the catalyst
bed and the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed
maintained during the performance test. The minimum 3-hour average
operating limits for your catalytic oxidizer are the average
temperature just before the catalyst bed maintained during the
performance test of that catalytic oxidizer and 80 percent of the
average temperature difference across the catalyst bed maintained
during the performance test of that catalytic oxidizer, except during
periods of low production, the latter minimum operating limit is to
maintain a positive temperature gradient across the catalyst bed. A low
production period is when production is less than 80 percent of
production rate during the performance test of that catalytic oxidizer.
    (3) As an alternative to monitoring the temperature difference
across the catalyst bed, you may monitor the temperature at the inlet
to the catalyst bed and implement a site-specific inspection and
maintenance plan for your catalytic oxidizer as specified in paragraph
(b)(4) of this section. During the performance test, you must monitor
and record the temperature just before the catalyst bed at least once
every 15 minutes during each of the three test runs. Use all valid data
collected during the performance test to calculate and record the
average temperature just before the catalyst bed during the performance
test. This is the minimum operating limit for your catalytic oxidizer.
    (4) You must develop and implement an inspection and maintenance
plan for your catalytic oxidizer(s) for which you elect to monitor
according to paragraph (b)(3) of this section. The plan must address,
at a minimum, the elements specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through
(iii) of this section.
    (i) Annual sampling and analysis of the catalyst activity (i.e.,
conversion efficiency) following the manufacturer's or catalyst
supplier's recommended procedures. If problems are found during the
catalyst activity test, you must replace the catalyst bed or take other
corrective action consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations.
    (ii) Monthly external inspection of the catalytic oxidizer system,
including the burner assembly and fuel supply lines for problems and,
as necessary, adjust the equipment to assure proper air-to-fuel
mixtures.
    (iii) Annual internal inspection of the catalyst bed to check for
channeling, abrasion, and settling. If problems are found during the
annual internal inspection of the catalyst, you must replace the
catalyst bed or take other corrective action consistent with the
manufacturer's recommendations. If the catalyst bed is replaced and is
not of like or better kind and quality as the old catalyst, and is not
consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations, then you must
conduct a new performance test to determine destruction efficiency
according to Sec.  60.396a. If a catalyst bed is replaced and the
replacement catalyst is of like or better kind and quality as the old
catalyst, and is consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations,
then a new performance test to determine destruction efficiency is not
required and you may continue to use the previously established
operating limits for that catalytic oxidizer.
    (c) Regenerative carbon adsorbers. If your add-on control device is
a regenerative carbon adsorber, establish the operating limits
according to paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section.
    (1) You must monitor and record the total regeneration desorbing
gas (e.g., steam or nitrogen) mass flow for each regeneration cycle and
the carbon bed temperature after each carbon bed regeneration and
cooling cycle for the regeneration cycle either immediately preceding
or immediately following the performance test.
    (2) The operating limits for your carbon adsorber are the minimum
total desorbing gas mass flow recorded during the regeneration cycle
and the maximum carbon bed temperature recorded after the cooling
cycle.
    (d) Condensers. If your add-on control device is a condenser,
establish the operating limits according to paragraphs (d)(1) and (2)
of this section.
    (1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the
condenser outlet (product side) gas temperature at

least once every 15 minutes during each of the three test runs.
    (2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to
calculate and record the average condenser outlet (product side) gas
temperature maintained during the performance test. This average
condenser outlet gas temperature is the maximum 3-hour average
operating limit for your condenser.
    (e) Concentrators. If your add-on control device includes a
concentrator, you must establish operating limits for the concentrator
according to paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section.
    (1) During the performance test, you must monitor and record the
desorption gas inlet temperature at least once every 15 minutes during
each of the three runs of the performance test.
    (2) Use all valid data collected during the performance test to
calculate and record the average desorption gas inlet temperature. The
minimum operating limit for the concentrator is 8 degrees Celsius (15
degrees Fahrenheit) below the average desorption gas inlet temperature
maintained during the performance test for that concentrator. You must
keep the set point for the desorption gas inlet temperature no lower
than 6 degrees Celsius (10 degrees Fahrenheit) below the lower of that
set point during the performance test for that concentrator and the
average desorption gas inlet temperature maintained during the
performance test for that concentrator.
    (f) Emission capture systems. For each capture device that is not
part of a permanent total enclosure (PTE) that meets the criteria of
Sec.  60.397a and that is not capturing emissions from a downdraft
spray booth or from a flash-off area or bake oven associated with a
downdraft spray booth, establish an operating limit for either the gas
volumetric flow rate or duct static pressure, as specified in
paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section. The operating limit for a
PTE is specified in table 1 to this subpart.
    (1) During the capture efficiency determination required by Sec.
60.393a and described in Sec.  60.397a, you must monitor and record
either the gas volumetric flow rate or the duct static pressure for
each separate capture device in your emission capture system at least
once every 15 minutes during each of the test runs at a point in the
duct between the capture device and the add-on control device inlet.
    (2) Calculate and record the average gas volumetric flow rate or
duct static pressure for the three test runs for each capture device,
using all valid data. This average gas volumetric flow rate or duct
static pressure is the minimum operating limit for that specific
capture device.
    (g) Monitoring requirements. If you use an add-on control device(s)
to comply with the emission limits specified under Sec.  60.392a(a)
through (c), you must install, operate, and maintain each CMS specified
in paragraphs (c), (e), (f), and (g) of this section according to
paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) of this section. You must install,
operate, and maintain each CMS specified in paragraphs (h) and (i) of
this section according to paragraphs (g)(3) through (5) of this
section.
    (1) The CMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for
each successive 15-minute period. You must have a minimum of four
equally spaced successive cycles of CMS operation in 1 hour.
    (2) You must determine the average of all recorded readings for
each successive 3-hour period of the emission capture system and add-on
control device operation.
    (3) You must record the results of each inspection, calibration,
and validation check of the CMS.
    (4) You must maintain the CMS at all times in accordance with Sec.
60.11(d) and have readily available necessary parts for routine repairs
of the monitoring equipment.
    (5) You must operate the CMS and collect emission capture system
and add-on control device parameter data at all times that a controlled
coating operation is operating in accordance with Sec.  60.11(d).
    (6) Startups and shutdowns are normal operation for this source
category. Emissions from these activities are to be included when
determining if the standards specified in Sec.  60.392a(a) through (c)
are being attained. You must not use emission capture system or add-on
control device parameter data recorded during monitoring malfunctions,
associated repairs, out-of-control periods, or required quality
assurance or control activities when calculating data averages. You
must use all the data collected during all other periods in calculating
the data averages for determining compliance with the emission capture
system and add-on control device operating limits.
    (7) A monitoring malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not
reasonably preventable failure of the CMS to provide valid data.
Monitoring failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or
careless operation are not malfunctions. Except for periods of required
quality assurance or control activities, any period during which the
CMS fails to operate and record data continuously as required by
paragraph (g)(1) of this section or generates data that cannot be
included in calculating averages as specified in this paragraph (g)(7)
constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements.
    (h) Capture system bypass line. You must meet the requirements of
paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section for each emission capture
system that contains bypass lines that could divert emissions away from
the add-on control device to the atmosphere.
    (1) You must monitor or secure the valve or closure mechanism
controlling the bypass line in a nondiverting position in such a way
that the valve or closure mechanism cannot be opened without creating a
record that the valve was opened. The method used to monitor or secure
the valve or closure mechanism must meet one of the requirements
specified in paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
    (i) Flow control position indicator. Install, calibrate, maintain,
and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a flow
control position indicator that takes a reading at least once every 15
minutes and provides a record indicating whether the emissions are
directed to the add-on control device or diverted from the add-on
control device. The time of occurrence and flow control position must
be recorded, as well as every time the flow direction is changed. The
flow control position indicator must be installed at the entrance to
any bypass line that could divert the emissions away from the add-on
control device to the atmosphere.
    (ii) Car-seal or lock-and-key valve closures. Secure any bypass
line valve in the closed position with a car-seal or a lock-and-key
type configuration. You must visually inspect the seal or closure
mechanism at least once every month to ensure that the valve is
maintained in the closed position, and the emissions are not diverted
away from the add-on control device to the atmosphere.
    (iii) Valve closure monitoring. Ensure that any bypass line valve
is in the closed (nondiverting) position through monitoring of valve
position at least once every 15 minutes. You must inspect the
monitoring system at least once every month to verify that the monitor
will indicate valve position.
    (iv) Automatic shutdown system. Use an automatic shutdown system in
which the coating operation is stopped when flow is diverted by the
bypass line away from the add-on control device to the atmosphere when
the coating operation is running. You must inspect the automatic
shutdown system at least once every month to verify that it will

detect diversions of flow and shut down the coating operation.
    (2) If any bypass line is opened, you must include a description of
why the bypass line was opened and the length of time it remained open
in the semiannual compliance reports required in Sec.  60.395a.
    (i) Thermal oxidizers and catalytic oxidizers. If you are using a
thermal oxidizer or catalytic oxidizer as an add-on control device
(including those used to treat desorbed concentrate streams from
concentrators or carbon adsorbers), you must comply with the
requirements in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section:
    (1) For a thermal oxidizer, install a gas temperature monitor in
the firebox of the thermal oxidizer or in the duct immediately
downstream of the firebox before any substantial heat exchange occurs.
    (2) For a catalytic oxidizer, install a gas temperature monitor
upstream of the catalyst bed. If you establish the operating parameters
for a catalytic oxidizer under paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this
section, you must also install a gas temperature monitor downstream of
the catalyst bed. The temperature monitors must be in the gas stream
immediately before and after the catalyst bed to measure the
temperature difference across the bed. If you establish the operating
parameters for a catalytic oxidizer under paragraphs (b)(4) through (6)
of this section, you need not install a gas temperature monitor
downstream of the catalyst bed.
    (3) For all thermal oxidizers and catalytic oxidizers, you must
meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (i)(3)(i)
through (vii) of this section for each gas temperature monitoring
device, unless approval has been received for alternative monitoring
under Sec.  60.13(i) as specified in Sec.  60.392a(h). For the purposes
of this paragraph (i)(3), a thermocouple is part of the temperature
sensor.
    (i) Locate the temperature sensor in a position that provides a
representative temperature.
    (ii) Use a temperature sensor with a measurement sensitivity of 4
degrees Fahrenheit or 0.75 percent of the temperature value, whichever
is larger.
    (iii) Shield the temperature sensor system from electromagnetic
interference and chemical contaminants.
    (iv) The gas temperature sensor must be capable of recording the
temperature continuously. If a gas temperature chart recorder is used,
it must have a measurement sensitivity in the minor division of at
least 20 degrees Fahrenheit.
    (v) Perform an electronic calibration at least semiannually
according to the procedures in the manufacturer's owner's manual.
Following the electronic calibration, you must conduct a temperature
sensor validation check in which a second or redundant temperature
sensor placed nearby the process temperature sensor must yield a
reading within 30 degrees Fahrenheit of the process temperature sensor
reading.
    (vi) Conduct calibration and validation checks any time the sensor
exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating temperature
range or install a new temperature sensor.
    (vii) At least monthly, inspect components for integrity and
electrical connections for continuity, oxidation, and galvanic
corrosion.
    (j) Regenerative carbon adsorbers. If you are using a regenerative
carbon adsorber as an add-on control device, you must monitor the total
regeneration desorbing gas (e.g., steam or nitrogen) mass flow for each
regeneration cycle, the carbon bed temperature after each regeneration
and cooling cycle and comply with paragraphs (g)(3) through (5) and
(j)(1) and (2) of this section.
    (1) The regeneration desorbing gas mass flow monitor must be an
integrating device having a measurement sensitivity of plus or minus 10
percent, capable of recording the total regeneration desorbing gas mass
flow for each regeneration cycle.
    (2) The carbon bed temperature monitor must have a measurement
sensitivity of 1 percent of the temperature (as expressed in degrees
Fahrenheit) recorded or 1 degree Fahrenheit, whichever is greater, and
must be capable of recording the temperature within 15 minutes of
completing any carbon bed cooling cycle.
    (k) Condensers. If you are using a condenser, you must monitor the
condenser outlet (product side) gas temperature and comply with
paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (k)(1) and (2) of this section.
    (1) The gas temperature monitor must have a measurement sensitivity
of 1 percent of the temperature (expressed in degrees Fahrenheit)
recorded or 1 degree Fahrenheit, whichever is greater.
    (2) The temperature monitor must provide a gas temperature record
at least once every 15 minutes.
    (l) Concentrators. If you are using a concentrator, such as a
zeolite wheel or rotary carbon bed concentrator, you must install a
temperature monitor in the desorption gas stream. The temperature
monitor must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and
(i)(3) of this section.
    (m) Emission capture systems. The capture system monitoring system
must comply with the applicable requirements in paragraphs (m)(1) and
(2) of this section.
    (1) For each flow measurement device, you must meet the
requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (m)(1)(i) through
(iv) of this section.
    (i) Locate a flow sensor in a position that provides a
representative flow measurement in the duct from each capture device in
the emission capture system to the add-on control device.
    (ii) Reduce swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to
upstream and downstream disturbances.
    (iii) Conduct a flow sensor calibration check at least
semiannually.
    (iv) At least monthly, inspect components for integrity, electrical
connections for continuity, and mechanical connections for leakage.
    (2) For each pressure drop measurement device, you must comply with
the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (6) and (m)(2)(i) through
(vi) of this section.
    (i) Locate the pressure tap(s) in a position that provides a
representative measurement of the pressure drop across each opening you
are monitoring.
    (ii) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and
internal and external corrosion.
    (iii) Using an inclined manometer with a measurement sensitivity of
0.0002 inches of water, check gauge calibration quarterly and
transducer calibration monthly.
    (iv) Conduct calibration checks any time the sensor exceeds the
manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range or install a
new pressure sensor.
    (v) At least monthly, inspect components for integrity, electrical
connections for continuity, pressure taps for plugging and mechanical
connections for leakage.

Sec.  60.395a  Notifications, reports, and records.

    (a) Notifications. You must submit all notifications in Sec. Sec.
60.7, 60.8, and 60.13 that apply to you by the dates specified in those
sections and in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
    (1) A notification of the date construction (or reconstruction as
defined under Sec.  60.15) of an affected facility is commenced no
later than 30 days after such date.
    (2) A notification of the actual date of initial startup of an
affected facility within 15 days after such date.
    (3) A notification of any physical or operational change to an
existing facility which may increase the VOC emission

rate within 60 days or as soon as practicable before the change is
commenced.
    (4) A notification of the date upon which demonstration of the CMS
performance commences in accordance with Sec.  60.13(c) not less than
30 days prior to such date.
    (5) A notification of any performance test at least 30 days prior
to afford the Administrator (or delegated State or local agency) the
opportunity to have an observer present.
    (b) Initial performance test report. If you use add-on control
devices, you must submit reports of performance test results for
emission capture systems and add-on control devices. Within 60 days
after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected
facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after initial
startup of such facility, you are required to conduct performance
test(s) and furnish the Administrator a report of the results of such
performance test(s) in accordance with Sec.  60.8(a). You are also
required to conduct transfer efficiency test(s) and submit reports of
the results of transfer efficiency tests and furnish the Administrator
a report of the results of such transfer efficiency tests. The initial
performance test report must include the information specified in Sec.
60.8.
    (c) Subsequent performance test reports. You must conduct periodic
performance tests of add-on control devices in accordance with Sec.
60.393a(b) within five years of the previous performance test and at
such other times as may be required by the Administrator under section
114 of the Act in accordance with Sec.  60.8(a). You must furnish the
Administrator a written report of the results of such performance
test(s) within 60 days of completing the performance test. Periodic
testing of transfer efficiency and capture efficiency are not required.
    (d) Compliance reports. Following the initial performance test, you
must submit a quarterly or semiannual compliance report for each
affected source required by Sec.  60.8 according to the requirements of
paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section. You must identify, record, and
submit a report to the Administrator every calendar quarter each
instance a deviation occurred from the emission limits, operating
limits, or work practices in Sec. Sec.  60.392a, 60.393a, and 60.394a,
that apply to you. If no such instances have occurred during a
particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted to the
Administrator semiannually. For each affected source that is subject to
40 CFR part 70 or 71 permitting regulations and if the permitting
authority has established dates for submitting semiannual compliance
reports pursuant to 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A),
you may submit the semiannual compliance reports according to the dates
the permitting authority has established.
    (e) Initial compliance report. You must include the data outlined
in paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section in the initial compliance
report required by Sec.  60.8 and the information required by pargraphs
(f) through (h) of this section.
    (1) The volume weighted average mass of VOC per volume of applied
coating solids for each affected facility.
    (2) Where compliance is achieved through the use of a capture or
control device, include the following additional data in the initial
performance test report required by Sec.  60.8(a) specified in
paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through (v) of this section:
    (i) The data collected to establish the operating limits for the
appropriate capture or control device required as by Sec.  60.394a and
table 1 to this subpart;
    (ii) The total mass of VOC per volume of applied coating solids
before and after the control device as required by Sec.  60.396a;
    (iii) The destruction efficiency of the control device used to
attain compliance with the applicable emission limit specified in Sec.
60.392a(a);
    (iv) The capture efficiency as required by Sec.  60.397a and a
description of the method used to establish the capture efficiency for
the affected facility; and
    (v) The transfer efficiency test results and a description of the
method used to establish the transfer efficiency for the affected
facility.
    (f) Compliance report content. Compliance reports must contain the
information specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section
and paragraph (g) that are applicable to your affected source.
    (1) Company name and address.
    (2) Statement by a responsible official with that official's name,
title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness
of the content of the report.
    (3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting
period.
    (4) Identification of the affected source.
    (g) No deviations. If there were no deviations from the emission
limits, work practices, or operating limits in Sec. Sec.  60.392a and
60.394a, that apply to you, the compliance report must include a
statement that there were no deviations from the applicable emission
limitations during the reporting period. If you used control devices to
comply with the emission limits, and there were no periods during which
the CMS were out of control as specified in Sec.  60.394a(g) the
compliance report must include a statement that there were no periods
during which the CMS were out of control during the reporting period.
    (h) Deviations. If there was a deviation from the applicable
emission limits in Sec.  60.392a or the applicable operating limit(s)
in table 1 to this subpart or the work practice standards in Sec.
60.392a, the compliance report must contain the information in
paragraphs (h)(1) through (15) of this section.
    (1) The beginning and ending dates of each month during which the
volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC emitted to the
atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) for the affected
source exceeded the applicable emission limit in Sec.  60.392a.
    (2) The calculation used to determine the volume-weighted average
of the total mass of VOC emitted to the atmosphere per volume of
applied coating solids (N) in accordance with Sec.  60.395a. You do not
need to submit the background data supporting these calculations, for
example information provided by materials suppliers or manufacturers,
or test reports.
    (3) The date and time that each malfunction of the capture system
or add-on control devices used to control emissions from these
operations started and stopped.
    (4) A brief description of the CMS.
    (5) The date of the latest CMS certification or audit.
    (6) For each instance that the CMS was inoperative, except for zero
(low-level) and high-level checks, the date, time, and duration that
the CMS was inoperative; the cause (including unknown cause) for the
CMS being inoperative; and descriptions of corrective actions taken.
    (7) For each instance that the CMS was malfunctioning or out-of-
control, as specified in Sec.  60.394a(g)(6) or (7), the date, time,
and duration that the CMS was malfunctioning or out-of-control; the
cause (including unknown cause) for the CMS malfunctioning or being
out-of-control; and descriptions of corrective actions taken.
    (8) The date, time, and duration of each deviation from an
operating limit in table 1 to this subpart; and the date, time, and
duration of each bypass of an add-on control device.
    (9) A summary of the total duration and the percent of the total
source operating time of the deviations from each operating limit in
table 1 to this subpart and the bypass of each add-on control device
during the semiannual reporting period.

    (10) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations from each
operating limit in Table 1 to this subpart and bypasses of each add-on
control device during the semiannual reporting period into those that
were due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known
causes, and other unknown causes.
    (11) A summary of the total duration and the percent of the total
source operating time of the downtime for each CMS during the
semiannual reporting period.
    (12) A description of any changes in the CMS, coating operation,
emission capture system, or add-on control devices since the last
semiannual reporting period.
    (13) For deviations from the work practice standards, the number of
deviations, and, for each deviation, the information in paragraphs
(h)(13)(i) and (ii) of this section.
    (i) A description of the deviation, the date, time, and duration of
the deviation; and the actions you took to minimize emissions in
accordance with Sec.  60.11(d).
    (ii) A list of the affected sources or equipment for which a
deviation occurred, the cause of the deviation (including unknown
cause, if applicable), and any corrective actions taken to return the
affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
    (14) For deviations from an emission limitation in Sec.  60.392a or
operating limit in Table 1 of this subpart, a statement of the cause of
each deviation (including unknown cause, if applicable).
    (15) For each deviation from an emission limitation in Sec.
60.392a, or operating limit in Table 1 to this subpart, a list of the
affected sources or equipment for which a deviation occurred, an
estimate of the quantity of VOC emitted over any emission limit in
Sec.  60.392a, and a description of the method used to estimate the
emissions.
    (i) Electronic reporting of performance test data. Where compliance
is achieved through the use of add-on control devices, the owner or
operator shall submit control device performance test results for
initial and subsequent performance tests according to paragraphs (b)
and (c) of this section within 60 days of completing each performance
test following the procedures specified in paragraphs (i)(1) through
(3) of this section.
    (1) Supported test methods. Data collected using test methods
supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the
EPA's ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test.
    (i) Submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the
Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), which can be
accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (https://cdx.epa.gov/).
    (ii) The data must be submitted in a file format generated using
the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, the owner or operator may submit an
electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML)
schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
    (2) Unsupported test methods. Data collected using test methods
that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT
website at the time of the test.
    (i) The results of the performance test must be included as an
attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with
the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT website.
    (ii) Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the
EPA via CEDRI.
    (3) Confidential business information (CBI). Do not use CEDRI to