a certificated AMTS, the results of these tests, within the 60-day
timeframe, will be used to determine whether the school meets the
minimum pass rate.

                         Table 2--Written Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  If the written test applicant is an AMTS student with an appropriate
                                document,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                          Then the applicant is eligible
 Evidencing completion of the following    to attempt the following FAA
              curriculum:                        written test(s):
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Airframe...............................  general, airframe.
Powerplant.............................  general, powerplant.
Airframe, Powerplant...................  general, airframe, powerplant.
General curriculum content.............  general.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    Table 3--Oral and Practical Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------
   The mechanic oral and practical test will consist of the following
                                elements:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              An original mechanic   An added rating to
   If the rating(s) being        certificate and    an existing mechanic
     requested is(are):          rating is being       certificate is
                                   requested:            requested:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Airframe....................  Oral--general,        Oral--airframe.
                               airframe.            Practical--airframe.
                              Practical--general,
                               airframe.
Powerplant..................  Oral--general,        Oral--powerplant.
                               powerplant.          Practical--powerplan
                              Practical--general,    t.
                               powerplant.
Airframe, Powerplant........  Oral--general,        N/A.
                               airframe,
                               powerplant.
                              Practical--general,
                               airframe,
                               powerplant.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. FAA Inspection (Sec.  147.27)
    Section 135(f)(2) states that a certificated AMTS shall allow the
Administrator such access as the Administrator determines necessary to
inspect the 1 or more locations of the school for purposes of
determining: (1) The school's compliance with the interim final
regulations required under Section 135(a)(1); (2) the procedures and
information outlined in the school's OpSpecs according to Section
135(c)(5); and (3) the AMTS certificate issued for the school. The FAA
believes that the latter two areas of compliance are inherently
incorporated into the first enumerated area of compliance, which
assesses compliance with the requirements of part 147. An AMTS's
OpSpecs and the school's certificate are issued under the requirements
of part 147. Therefore, the ability to inspect an AMTS to determine its
compliance with part 147 includes inspecting its compliance with its
OpSpecs and its certificate.
    The statutory requirement is largely consistent with current Sec.
147.43, which allows the Administrator to inspect an AMTS at any time
to determine its compliance with part 147. The FAA is implementing this
requirement in new Sec.  147.27. As a result of Section 135(a)(2),
which repeals the current regulations in part 147, the FAA notes that
current Sec.  147.43 is repealed upon the effective date of this
interim final rule. Therefore, the language found in current Sec.
147.43 that a school will be notified, in writing, of any deficiencies
found during the inspection is repealed. However, AMTSs will continue
to receive written notifications of negative findings after inspections
pursuant to

the FAA's guidance to inspectors found in FAA Order 8900.1.
3. Display of Certificate (Sec.  147.29)
    Section 135(f)(3) requires a certificated AMTS to display its AMTS
certificate at a location in the school that is visible by and normally
accessible to the public. The FAA finds that the term ``school'' in
Section 135(f)(3) is ambiguous in light of the statutory provision that
allows a certificated AMTS to provide training at additional fixed
locations.\80\ For example, Section 135(f)(3) could be interpreted to
mean that the part 147 certificate must be displayed only at the
primary location of the school. Alternatively, Section 135(f)(3) could
be interpreted to mean that the part 147 certificate must be displayed
at the primary location and any additional fixed locations of the
school. To ascertain the meaning of the term ``school'' in Section
135(f)(3), the FAA finds it necessary to read Section 135(f)(3) in the
context of the statute in its entirety.\81\ Section 135(d)(2) states
that a certificated AMTS may provide training at any additional
location that meets the interim final regulations, which are required
under Section 135(a)(1), and is listed in the certificate holder's
OpSpecs. Additionally, Section 135(c)(1)(A)(i) contains an application
requirement that applies to any additional fixed locations where
training will be provided. As a result, a ``school'' may have a primary
location and additional fixed locations. When read in the context of
Section 135 in its entirety, the FAA finds it reasonable to interpret
the broad term ``school'' in Section 135(f)(3) as including each
location of the school (i.e., primary location and additional fixed
locations). Furthermore, the statute uses the term ``primary location''
throughout the legislation,\82\ but does not use the term in Section
135(f)(3). Instead, Section 135(f)(3) states that the certificate must
be displayed ``at a location in the school.'' This meaningful variation
in terminology further supports the FAA's interpretation that the term
``school'' in Section 135(f)(3) means primary location and any
additional fixed locations of the school.\83\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \80\ See Section 135(d)(2).
    \81\ K Mart Corp. v. Cartier, Inc., 486 U.S. 281, 291 (1988)
(``In determining whether a challenged regulation is consistent with
the statute it implements, courts must ascertain the statute's plain
meaning by looking to the particular language at issue and the
language and design of the statute as a whole.'').
    \82\ See Section 135(c)(1)(A)(i) and Section 135(c)(5)(D).
    \83\ Russello v. United States, 464 U.S. 16, 23 (1983)
(``[Where] Congress includes particular language in one section of a
statute but omits it in another section of the same Act, it is
generally presumed that Congress acts intentionally and purposely in
the disparate inclusion or exclusion.'') (quoting United States v.
Wong Kim Bo, 472 F. 2d 720, 722 (5th Cir. 1972)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For these reasons, the FAA interprets Section 135(f)(3) to mean
that a certificated AMTS must display its certificate at a place in
each location of the school, including the primary location and any
additional fixed locations, that is visible by and normally accessible
to the public. The FAA is implementing this requirement in new Sec.
147.29. The AMTS may display a copy of the Air Agency certificate at
any location. The FAA notes that it is using the term ``place'' in the
regulation rather than ``location'' to avoid confusion because the
statute (and thus, the implementing regulations) already use the term
``location'' with respect to ``primary location'' and ``additional
fixed locations.'' \84\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \84\ For example, it would be confusing to require the
certificated AMTS to display its part 147 certificate at a
``location in each location'' of the school (e.g. the primary
location and additional fixed location).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Early Testing (Sec.  147.31)
    Section 135(f)(4) states that a certificated AMTS ``may issue
authenticated documentation demonstrating a student's satisfactory
progress, completion of corresponding portions of the curriculum, and
preparedness to take the aviation mechanic written general knowledge
test, even if the student has not met the experience requirements of
[Sec.  ] 65.77 of [14 CFR].'' Section 135(f)(4) requires any such
documentation to specify the curriculum the student completed and the
completion date.
    The FAA is implementing Section 135(f)(4) in part 147 by adding new
Sec.  147.31, which allows a school to issue an authenticated document
to a student when that student satisfactorily completes the general
portion of a school's curriculum. The authenticated document will
demonstrate the student's preparedness to take the aviation mechanic
general written test prior to meeting the experience requirements
specified in Sec.  65.77. To facilitate readability and ensure
effective implementation of Section 135(f)(4), the FAA is codifying
rule language in Sec.  147.31 that slightly differs from the statutory
language of Section 135(f)(4). Despite the different phrasing and
terminology, however, the FAA emphasizes that the provisions share the
same meaning and achieve the same objective. The differences are
discussed in detail herein.
    Section 135(f)(4) uses the term ``aviation mechanic written general
knowledge test.'' The FAA finds, however, that using the terms
``written'' and ``knowledge'' when referring to the aviation mechanic
general written test would be unnecessary and inconsistent with FAA
regulations.\85\ Subpart D of part 65, which contains the eligibility
requirements for an applicant seeking a mechanic certificate, uses the
term ``written test.'' Because subpart D of part 65 applies to AMTS
students seeking to obtain a mechanic certificate, the FAA has decided
to use the term ``written test'' in Sec.  147.31 to ensure consistency
between the parts.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \85\ The FAA's regulations in title 14 CFR use ``written test''
and ``knowledge test'' but do not combine the terms to state
``written knowledge test.'' See 14 CFR parts 61, 63, and 65.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Section 135(f)(4) allows an AMTS to issue authenticated
documentation demonstrating ``a student's satisfactory progress,
completion of corresponding portions of the curriculum, and
preparedness to take the aviation mechanic written general knowledge
test.'' The student's satisfactory progress and preparedness to take
the aviation mechanic general written test is based wholly on whether
the student satisfactorily completed the corresponding portion of the
curriculum. The portion of the curriculum that directly corresponds to
the student's preparedness to take the aviation mechanic general
written test is the portion of the curriculum that contains the general
curriculum subjects. After reviewing the statutory provision, the FAA
determined that Section 135(f)(4) appears to contain unnecessary and
redundant phraseology. To reduce confusion and facilitate
comprehension, the FAA is codifying the statutory requirement in a more
concise and simplistic manner.
    New Sec.  147.31 will allow a certificated AMTS to issue an
authenticated document to a student when that student satisfactorily
completes the general portion of a school's curriculum. The
authenticated document will demonstrate the student's preparedness to
take the aviation mechanic general written test prior to meeting the
experience requirements of Sec.  65.77. Specifically, the authenticated
document will demonstrate that the student is prepared to take the
aviation mechanic general written test by showing that the student
satisfactorily completed the general portion of the curriculum.
    For the reasons discussed herein, the FAA is making a conforming
amendment to Sec.  65.75 to effectuate the

statutory requirement. Because of the conforming amendment, the FAA is
adopting a cross-reference to Sec.  65.75 to simplify the rule language
in Sec.  147.31 and avoid redundancy in the regulations. Additionally,
the FAA explains why the regulatory text uses ``authenticated
document'' rather than ``authenticated documentation'' in this section.
    Section 135(f)(4) also requires the authenticated documentation to
specify the curriculum the student completed and the completion date.
As evident by the first sentence in Section 135(f)(4), a student is not
required to complete an entire curriculum--i.e., either an airframe
curriculum, a powerplant curriculum, or an airframe and powerplant
curriculum--in order to demonstrate eligibility to take the aviation
mechanic general written test early. Rather, the student must
satisfactorily complete the general portion of that curriculum.
Therefore, requiring the authenticated documentation to specify the
curriculum completed is inconsistent with the first sentence in Section
135(f)(4). Requiring the student to complete an entire curriculum would
also frustrate the implementation of Section 135(f)(4) in the AMTS
industry because not all schools administer a general curriculum
independent from the airframe or powerplant curriculum.\86\ In some
cases, a school may administer the general curriculum subjects as part
of the airframe or powerplant curriculum.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \86\ For example, a school with an Airframe and Powerplant
rating may have a single curriculum that teaches general, airframe,
and powerplant content. A student who only completes the general
curriculum content of that curriculum could be issued an
authenticated document by the AMTS indicating the student is
eligible to test for the aviation mechanic general written test,
prior to meeting the experience requirements of Sec.  65.77 (i.e.,
graduating from a curriculum consistent with the AMTS ratings).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To achieve the intent of Section 135(f)(4), the FAA finds it
necessary to adopt rule language that is consistent with the first
sentence of Section 135(f)(4). Accordingly, the regulations will
require an authenticated document to show that the student has
satisfactorily completed the general portion of the curriculum and the
completion date. The FAA is codifying this requirement in new Sec.
65.75(c), which is subsequently discussed, rather than Sec.  147.31,
because subpart D of part 65 contains the eligibility requirements for
a person seeking a mechanic certificate and the FAA considers the
authenticated document necessary to take the written test early to be
an eligibility requirement for taking that written test.
    Furthermore, upon review of Section 135(f)(4), the FAA determined
that an amendment to Sec.  65.75(a) is necessary to achieve the intent
of the legislation. Part 147 prescribes the requirements for issuing
AMTS certificates and associated ratings, and the operating rules for
those certificate holders.\87\ The students of an AMTS, however, must
comply with subpart D of part 65, which prescribes the requirements for
issuing mechanic certificates and associated ratings. Currently, Sec.
65.75(a) requires each applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating
to meet the applicable experience requirements of Sec.  65.77 prior to
passing a written test. Students of an AMTS are, therefore, required to
satisfy the experience requirements of Sec.  65.77 before they may take
the aviation mechanic general written test. Numerous schools have
obtained exemptions from Sec.  65.75(a) to enable their students to
take the aviation mechanic general written test immediately following
the students' successful completion of the general curriculum
subjects.\88\ Section 135(f)(4) is intended to allow students who have
successfully completed the general portion of the curriculum to take
the aviation mechanic general written test even if the student has not
met the applicable experience requirements of Sec.  65.77. Thus, the
legislation is intended to eliminate the need for schools to obtain
exemptions from Sec.  65.75(a) to enable early testing.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \87\ See Sec.  147.1.
    \88\ Approximately 35 percent of AMTSs currently hold an
exemption from Sec.  65.75(a) (e.g., Exemption No. 17174B, Docket
No. FAA-2016-8933; Exemption No. 18647, Docket No. FAA-2020-0932;
Exemption No. 18701, Docket No. FAA-2016-9045; Exemption No. 18055A,
Docket No. FAA-2018-0937; Exemption No. 18664, Docket No. FAA-2016-
0136).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Upon review of the exemptions from Sec.  65.75(a), however, the FAA
recognizes that it cannot achieve the intent of the legislation by
amending only part 147. If not amended, students would continue to be
required by Sec.  65.75(a) to meet the applicable experience
requirements of Sec.  65.77 prior to taking the aviation mechanic
general written test. Thus, the new requirement in Sec.  147.31 would
create an inconsistency with Sec.  65.75(a) rather than eliminating the
need for exemptions from Sec.  65.75(a).
    Accordingly, to achieve the intent of the legislation, the FAA
finds it necessary to make a conforming amendment to Sec.  65.75. The
FAA is adding an exception to the requirement in Sec.  65.75(a) that
will allow an applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating to take
the general written test prior to meeting the experience requirements
of Sec.  65.77, provided the applicant presents an authenticated
document from a certificated AMTS that demonstrates satisfactory
completion of the general portion of the curriculum. This exception is
contained in new Sec.  65.75(c). As a result, the new Sec.  65.75(c)
will eliminate the need for exemptions from Sec.  65.75(a), and
exemptions from this regulation will terminate upon the effective date
of this interim final rule.
    The FAA creates the mechanic written tests that are required under
part 65. These written tests, however, are administered to applicants
by knowledge testing centers. A knowledge testing center is a private
company designated by the FAA to administer written airman knowledge
tests, with FAA oversight to ensure compliance with FAA requirements.
    The FAA recognizes that Section 135(f)(4) allows a school to issue
``authenticated documentation'' that demonstrates a student's
eligibility to take a general written test prior to meeting the
experience requirements of Sec.  65.77. For the same reasons discussed
in section III.d.5., the FAA finds it necessary to use the term
``authenticated document'' rather than ``authenticated documentation.''
By using the term ``authenticated document,'' the FAA emphasizes the
need for schools to issue a single document that effectively
demonstrates the student's eligibility to take the written test early,
without additional FAA involvement.\89\ The term ``authenticated
document'' will achieve the intent of the legislation by allowing
schools to determine what type of document they wish to issue rather
than mandating a particular document, such as ``certificate of
completion.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \89\ If a school issued numerous pages of extensive
documentation in an effort to demonstrate a student's eligibility to
take a written test, the FAA would have to review that documentation
and determine whether the student was in fact eligible in accordance
with the FAA's regulations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The purpose of an authenticated document under new Sec.  147.31 is
to provide proof that the student has, in fact, satisfactorily
completed the general portion of the certificated AMTS's curriculum and
is prepared to take the general written test early in accordance with
new Sec.  65.75(c). As a result, the FAA finds it necessary for the
authenticated document to include the school's name and air agency
certificate number to enable the knowledge testing center to identify
the school as a certificated AMTS. A school's name is insufficient
alone because schools may share the same name. Thus, the air

agency certificate number is the only means for the FAA and the
knowledge testing center to clearly distinguish between AMTSs and to
ensure the student completed the general portion of the curriculum at a
certificated AMTS.

g. Conforming Amendments

    Upon implementing the statutory requirements of Section 135 into
new part 147, the FAA recognized that the new requirements would have
created inconsistencies in two provisions that exist outside part 147,
namely appendix A to part 43 and Sec.  65.80. As a result, the FAA
finds it necessary to make conforming amendments to those provisions.
The following sections explain the conforming amendments in detail.
1. Appendix A to Part 43
    Current Sec.  147.21(e) contains the requirements governing the
approval of special inspection and preventive maintenance courses for
primary category aircraft type certificated under Sec.  21.24.\90\
Section 135(a)(1) requires the FAA to issue interim final regulations
in accordance with the requirements of Section 135. Additionally,
Section 135(a)(2) repeals all current regulations upon the effective
date of the interim final rule. Because Section 135 of the statute does
not contain a provision governing the approval of special inspection
and preventive maintenance courses for primary category aircraft type
certificated under Sec.  21.24, the FAA is not issuing an interim final
regulation governing such courses. Additionally, current Sec.
147.21(e) is repealed on the effective date of this interim final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \90\ Section 147.21(e) was added in the 1992 final rule that
adopted regulations for primary category aircraft. See Primary
Category; 57 FR 41360 (Sept. 9, 1992).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Appendix A to part 43, which describes the circumstances under
which an owner of a primary category aircraft may complete the
preventive maintenance tasks specified in appendix A, contains a cross-
reference to Sec.  147.21(e). Because Sec.  147.21(e) is repealed upon
the effective date of this interim final rule, the FAA is making a
conforming amendment to appendix A of part 43, paragraph (c)(30)(i), by
removing the reference to certificates of competency for the affected
aircraft ``issued by a school approved under Sec.  147.21(e) of this
chapter.'' Therefore, appendix A of part 43, paragraph (c)(30)(i) will
refer only to certificates of competency that are issued by (1) the
holder of the production certificate for that primary category aircraft
that has a special training program approved under Sec.  21.24 or (2)
another entity that has a course approved by the Administrator. As a
result, an AMTS that requests an approval, or an AMTS that currently
holds an approval originally issued under Sec.  147.21(e), of special
courses in the performance of special inspection and preventive
maintenance programs for a primary category aircraft, may issue a
certificate of competency as ``another entity that has a course
approved by the Administrator'' in accordance with new paragraph
(c)(30)(i)(2).
2. Section 65.80
    Section 65.80 allows AMTS students to take the oral and practical
tests prescribed by Sec.  65.79 before meeting the applicable
experience requirements of Sec.  65.77, and before the student passes
each section of the written test prescribed by Sec.  65.75. The school
must show an FAA inspector the student has made satisfactory progress
at the school and is prepared to take the oral and practical tests.
Additionally, Sec.  65.75 states the student may take the tests
prescribed by Sec.  65.79 during the final subjects of the student's
training in the approved curriculum. The reference to ``approved
curriculum'' in Sec.  65.80 refers to a certificated AMTS's approved
curriculum, which was required under Sec.  147.21 as it existed prior
to this interim final rule.\91\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \91\ On the effective date of this interim final rule, part 147
(as in effect on the date of enactment of Section 135) shall have no
force or effect. See Section 135(a)(2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In accordance with Section 135 of the statute, AMTS curriculums
under part 147 will no longer require FAA approval, as reflected in new
Sec.  147.17. As a result, the FAA is making a conforming amendment to
Sec.  65.80 by removing reference to an AMTS's ``approved'' curriculum.
This amendment will allow AMTS students to continue testing under Sec.
65.80.
    Further, Sec.  65.80 permits students to take the oral and
practical test prescribed by Sec.  65.79 during the final subjects of
the student's training in the part 147 curriculum before the applicable
experience requirements of Sec.  65.77 are met and before the student
passes each section of the written test required by Sec.  65.75 when
the AMTS shows the student's satisfactory progress to an FAA inspector.
In the interest of regulatory standardization, the FAA is revising the
language from ``an FAA inspector'' to ``the Administrator.''
Additionally, the FAA is removing gender references within the
regulatory text.

h. Part 147 Rule Organization and Numbering

    Section 135(a)(1) requires the FAA to issue interim final
regulations in accordance with the requirements of Section 135.
Additionally, Section 135(a)(2) repeals all current regulations upon
the effective date of the interim final rule. As a result, some
sections of part 147 will retain their section number and heading but
contain new requirements in accordance with the statute. Several
sections will be repealed and not replaced. Other sections will be
renumbered and replaced with new requirements in accordance with the
statute. The following table shows the current regulatory sections of
part 147 and how they are affected under this interim final rule.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Former section                   Former title              New section               New title
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.   147.1......................  Applicability.............  Sec.   147.1.........  Applicability.
Sec.   147.3......................  Certificate required......  Sec.   147.3.........  Certificate required.
Sec.   147.5......................  Application and issue.....  Sec.   147.5.........  Application requirements.
Sec.   147.7......................  Duration of certificates..  Sec.   147.7.........  Duration of certificates.
Sec.   147.8......................  Employment of former FAA    Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     employees.                  replaced.
Sec.   147.11.....................  Ratings...................  Sec.   147.11........  Ratings.
Sec.   147.13.....................  Facilities, equipment, and  Sec.   147.13........  Facilities, equipment,
                                     material requirements.                             and material
                                                                                requirements.

Sec.   147.15.....................  Space requirements........  Repealed and not       N/A.
                                                                 replaced.
Sec.   147.17.....................  Instructional equipment     Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     requirements.               replaced.
Sec.   147.19.....................  Materials, special tools,   Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     and shop equipment          replaced.
                                     requirements.
Sec.   147.21.....................  General curriculum          Sec.   147.17........  Training requirements.
                                     requirements.
Sec.   147.23.....................  Instructor requirements...  Sec.   147.19........  Instructor requirements.
Sec.   147.31.....................  Attendance and enrollment,  Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     tests, and credit for       replaced \92\.
                                     prior instruction or
                                     experience.
Sec.   147.33.....................  Records...................  Repealed and not       N/A.
                                                                 replaced.
Sec.   147.35.....................  Transcripts and graduation  Sec.   147.21........  Certificate of
                                     certificates.                                      completion.
Sec.   147.36.....................  Maintenance of instructor   Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     requirements.               replaced.
Sec.   147.37.....................  Maintenance of facilities,  Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     equipment, and materials.   replaced.
Sec.   147.38.....................  Maintenance of curriculum   Repealed and not       N/A.
                                     requirements.               replaced.
Sec.   147.38a....................  Quality of instruction....  Sec.   147.25........  Minimum passage pate.
Sec.   147.39.....................  Display of certificate....  Sec.   147.29........  Display of certificate.
Sec.   147.41.....................  Change of location........  Repealed and not       N/A.
                                                                 replaced.
Sec.   147.43.....................  Inspection................  Sec.   147.27........  FAA inspection.
Sec.   147.45.....................  Advertising...............  Repealed and not       N/A.
                                                                 replaced.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Section 135 also requires the FAA to issue new requirements, which
have not previously existed in part 147. The following table shows
which sections contain these new requirements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \92\ The repeal of current Sec.  147.31 eliminates the need for
schools to obtain exemptions from requirements in that section. As
such, exemptions from current Sec.  147.31 will terminate upon the
effective date of this interim final rule.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
             New section                           New title
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.   147.15........................  Training provided at another
                                        location.
Sec.   147.23........................  Quality control system.
Sec.   147.31........................  Early testing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Regulatory Notices and Analyses

    Federal agencies consider impacts of regulatory actions under a
variety of executive orders and other requirements. First, Executive
Order 12866 and Executive Order 13563 direct that each Federal agency
shall propose or adopt a regulation only upon a reasoned determination
that the benefits of the intended regulation justify the costs. Second,
the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 96-354) requires
agencies to analyze the economic impact of regulatory changes on small
entities. Third, the Trade Agreements Act (Pub. L. 96-39) prohibits
agencies from setting standards that create unnecessary obstacles to
the foreign commerce of the United States. Fourth, the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4) requires agencies to
prepare a written assessment of the costs, benefits, and other effects
of proposed or final rules that include a Federal mandate that may
result in the expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, in
the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $100,000,000 or more
(adjusted annually for inflation) in any one year. The current
threshold after adjustment for inflation is $158,000,000, using the
most current (2020) Implicit Price Deflator for the Gross Domestic
Product. The FAA has provided a detailed Regulatory Impact Analysis
(RIA) in the docket for this rulemaking. This portion of the preamble
summarizes the FAA's analysis of the economic impacts of this rule.
    In conducting these analyses, the FAA has determined that this
rule: Will result in benefits that justify costs; is not an
economically ``significant regulatory action'' as defined in section
3(f) of Executive Order 12866; will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small entities; will not create
unnecessary obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United States; and
will not impose an unfunded mandate on State, local, or tribal
governments, or on the private sector.

A. Regulatory Impact Analysis

    This interim final rule establishes regulations that conform to the
Act, which sets forth statutory requirements to promote aviation
regulations for technician training. Consistent with the statute, this
interim final rule adopts new requirements for issuing AMTS
certificates and associated ratings and the general operating rules for
the holders of those certificates and ratings.
    Among other changes that reduce administrative burden and
streamline the process to apply for and maintain an AMTS certification,
under the interim final rule, an AMTS would need to align their
curriculum to the Mechanic ACS rather than the appendices to part 147,
which aligned with the Mechanic PTS. The FAA will no longer approve
curriculums, but rather will ensure that AMTS curriculums align with
the Mechanic ACS through routine surveillance. The interim final rule
also requires that an AMTS either be accredited within the meaning of
20 U.S.C. 1001(a)(5) or establish and maintain an FAA-approved quality
control system. As the majority of AMTSs are accredited, this change
will result in alleviating such AMTSs from the current requirement of
FAA approval of grading and attendance policies. Further, the interim
final rule (IFR) repeals the prohibition on an AMTS operating at a
satellite facility, which potentially expands access to additional
training locations. Lastly, another key change in this IFR includes the
replacement of the national passing norms with a minimum passage rate
requirement; this will create a standard that does not vary over time
and does not depend on the performance of other AMTSs.

    While the effects of this IFR on overall AMTS training quality and
accessibility are unquantified, the FAA expects that this rule will be
less burdensome to AMTSs as a whole and will allow for greater
flexibility for an AMTS to keep current with industry standards and
technological changes in aviation maintenance. Also, although the
Mechanic ACS is less prescriptive, it is a more comprehensive set of
standards than those previously provided in the part 147 appendices.
Therefore, there would be incremental costs to FAA in implementing this
interim final rule as the initial development to ensure alignment is
expected to take additional time when compared to current curriculum
development. Table 4 shows the summary of estimated present value and
annualized costs, cost savings, and the net savings using both 3
percent and 7 percent discount rates.
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR24MY22.006

BILLING CODE 4910-13-C
    Please see the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) available in the
docket for more details.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA), in 5 U.S.C. 603, requires an
agency to prepare an initial regulatory flexibility analysis describing
impacts on small entities whenever an agency is required by 5 U.S.C.
553, or any other law, to publish a general notice of proposed
rulemaking for any proposed rule. Similarly, 5 U.S.C. 604 requires an
agency to prepare a final regulatory flexibility analysis when an
agency issues a final rule under 5 U.S.C. 553, after that section or
any other law requires publication of a general notice of proposed
rulemaking. The FAA found good cause to forgo notice and comment for
this rule. As notice and comment under 5 U.S.C. 553 are not required in
this situation, the regulatory flexibility analyses described in 5
U.S.C. 603 and 604 are not required.

C. International Trade Impact Assessment

    The Trade Agreements Act of 1979 (Pub. L. 96-39), as amended by the
Uruguay Round Agreements Act (Pub. L. 103-465), prohibits Federal
agencies from establishing standards or engaging in related activities
that create unnecessary obstacles to the foreign commerce of the United
States. Pursuant to these Acts, the establishment of standards is not
considered an unnecessary obstacle to the foreign commerce of the
United States, so long as the standard has a legitimate domestic
objective, such as the protection of safety, and does not operate in a
manner that excludes imports that meet this objective. The statute also
requires consideration of international standards and, where
appropriate, that they be the basis for U.S. standards.
    The FAA has assessed the potential effect of this interim final
rule and determined that it has legitimate domestic safety objectives
and does not operate in a manner that excludes imports to meet such
objectives. Therefore, this interim final rule complies with the Trade
Agreements Act.

D. Unfunded Mandates Assessment

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531-1538)
governs the issuance of Federal regulations that require unfunded
mandates. An unfunded mandate is a regulation that requires a state,
local, or tribal government or the private sector to incur direct costs
without the Federal Government having first provided the funds to pay
those costs. The FAA determined that the interim final rule will not
result in the expenditure of $158,000,000 or more by State, local, or
tribal governments, in the aggregate, or the private sector, in any one
year.

E. Paperwork Reduction Act

    The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3507(d)) (PRA)
requires that the FAA consider the impact of paperwork and other
information collection burdens imposed on the public. According to the
1995 amendments to the Paperwork Reduction Act (5 CFR
1320.8(b)(2)(vi)), an agency may not collect or sponsor the collection
of information, nor may it impose an information collection requirement
unless it displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) control number.
    This action contains the following amendments to the existing
information collection requirements previously approved under OMB
Control Number 2120-0040, Aviation Maintenance Technician Schools. As
required by the PRA, the FAA has submitted these information collection
amendments to OMB for review.
    Summary: The collection involves AMTS applicants and certificate
holders under 14 CFR part 147. The part 147 interim final rule results
in new, changed, and removed burden, with an overall decrease in burden
to the public when compared to the previous information collection
approval. Additionally, FAA Form 8310-6, Aviation Maintenance
Technician School Certificate and Ratings Application, is revised to
reflect the new and changed requirements of this interim final rule.
    Public Comments: Because this is an interim final rule, there are
no existing public comments on the information collection to discuss.
Comments are requested, as discussed in the Comments Invited section of
this preamble.
    Use: The collection of information includes both reporting and
recordkeeping. The information collected is provided to the certificate
holder/applicant's appropriate FAA Flight Standards office in order to
allow the FAA to determine compliance with the part 147 requirements
for obtaining and/or retaining an FAA air agency certificate. For part
147 applicants, when all part 147 requirements have been met, an FAA
air agency certificate, with the appropriate ratings, is issued. For
certificated part 147 AMTS, the FAA uses the information collected to
determine if the AMTS provides appropriate training, as required by
part 147, and to ensure that AMTS graduates receive an appropriate
document showing the graduate is eligible to take the FAA tests
required to obtain a mechanic certificate. Specifically, part 147
imposes information collection burden on the public in the following
sections.
    For applicants requesting an air agency certificate issued under
part 147, Sec.  147.5, Application requirements, requires applicants to
complete an application form and provide the FAA with evidence of
meeting the requirements of part 147. Application is made using FAA
Form 8310-6, Aviation Maintenance Technician School Certificate and
Ratings Application. Application requirements include:
     Section 147.5(b)(1) through (3) requires a description of
the facilities, equipment and materials used at each location, a
description of how the curriculum trains students to meet part 65
requirements, and a description of how the school meets instructor
requirements. The FAA includes these descriptions in an AMTS's OpSpecs.
     Section 147.5(b)(4) requires the applicant to submit any
additional information necessary to demonstrate compliance with the
requirements of part 147, which include: Sec.  147.17, Training
requirements--for the school to establish and maintain a curriculum;
Sec.  147.19, Instructor requirements--for the school to have
instructors who are either FAA-certificated mechanics, or are otherwise
specially qualified; and Sec.  147.23, Quality control system--for the
school to either be accredited within the meaning of 20 U.S.C.
1001(a)(5) or have a quality control system approved by the FAA.
    Following FAA certification, an AMTS must comply with the following
regulations, which impose a paperwork burden:
     Section 147.15, Training provided at another location. The
AMTS must notify the FAA of the additional locations at which the
school will conduct training, in addition to the school's primary
location. The FAA includes these additional locations in the AMTS's
OpSpecs.
     Section 147.17, Training requirements. The AMTS must
establish, maintain, and utilize a curriculum designed to continually
align with mechanic airman certification standards as appropriate for
the ratings held. When the Mechanic ACS is revised, the AMTS must
revise its curriculum to align accordingly.
     Section 147.21, Certificate of completion. The AMTS must
issue a

document that indicates when a student graduated and the part 147
curriculum that the student completed.
     Section 147.23, Quality control system. An AMTS either be
accredited within the meaning of 20 U.S.C. 1001(a)(5) or have a quality
control system approved by the FAA that provides for certain procedures
listed in Sec.  147.23(b). Therefore, the AMTS must either submit proof
of accreditation or submit a quality control system for FAA-approval.
     Section 147.31, Early testing. An AMTS may issue an
authenticated document when a student satisfactorily completes only the
General course content of an AMTS curriculum.
    Respondents: The respondents to this collection are AMTSs issued an
FAA air agency certificate under 14 CFR part 147 and AMTS applicants
for a part 147 air agency certificate. There are currently 182 FAA-
certificated AMTSs.
    Frequency: AMTSs must submit information initially prior to
certification, and occasionally after certification to comply with
ongoing recordkeeping requirements. Applicants must report certain
information to the FAA during the application process for the purpose
of allowing the FAA to determine compliance with part 147 requirements
and, ultimately, issue an air agency certificate, if appropriate.
Schools issued a part 147 air agency certificate must report certain
information occasionally after certification (e.g., when the
certificate holder's operations change). AMTSs that implement a quality
control system because they are not accredited by an accrediting agency
recognized by the Department of Education must maintain records, as
described in the school's FAA-approved quality control system.
    Annual Burden Estimate: The part 147 interim final regulations
result in a total annual burden to respondents of 11,438 hours and
$709,124. This includes recordkeeping burden and reporting burden. This
results in an overall reduction in burden to the public from the
previous part 147 regulations. Details of burden related to each
regulatory requirement are shown in the supporting statement for
information collection 2120-0044, submitted to OMB.
    The FAA notes that the costs/cost savings calculated in the
regulatory impact analysis differ from the AMTS paperwork burden
calculated under the PRA. The regulatory impact analysis compares the
state of AMTS under current regulations to the expected state of AMTS
under the interim final rule. The calculations under PRA estimate the
paperwork burden to AMTS under the new interim final rule. The primary
areas where these calculations differ are where the regulatory impact
analysis assumed a zero cost difference to AMTS in the following areas:
     Recordkeeping costs--Under PRA, the FAA estimates only a
single AMTS will have an FAA approved quality control (QC)-system, and
thus have FAA-mandated recordkeeping costs. However, for the regulatory
impact analysis the FAA assumes that all AMTS will continue to keep
student records under the interim final rule, with no substantial
change from current costs.
     Graduation documentation--Under PRA, the FAA estimates
reflect a cost savings since the interim final regulations remove the
requirement for AMTS to provide a transcript to students upon request
as mandated in the current regulation. However, for the regulatory
impact analysis, the FAA assumes that transcripts are a routine
function of schools and that transcripts will be provided to graduating
students after implementation of the interim final rule with no
substantial change from current costs.
     Completion documentation for early testing--Under the PRA,
the FAA estimates that there is a paperwork cost when an AMTS provides
completion documentation for students who have completed the General
course content of a school's curriculum (for the purpose of early
testing eligibility). However, for the regulatory impact analysis the
FAA assumes that AMTS are currently tracking student course completion,
and will continue to do the same under the interim final rule,
therefore there is no change from current costs. Additionally, because
it is an option for the AMTS to issue a completion document, schools
can choose not to incur this cost.

F. International Compatibility and Cooperation

    In keeping with U.S. obligations under the Convention on
International Civil Aviation, it is FAA policy to conform to
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Standards and
Recommended Practices (SARP) to the maximum extent practicable. The FAA
has reviewed the corresponding ICAO SARPs and has determined that there
are no ICAO SARPs that correspond to this interim final rule.
    However, the FAA identified a filing is required for an ICAO Annex
1 SARP found in Chapter 4 pertaining to certification of maintenance
technicians that is unrelated to this rulemaking. Therefore, the FAA
has modified an existing difference to reflect that mechanic applicants
are not required to have two years of experience in the inspection,
servicing, and maintenance of aircraft following the completion of an
approved training course to qualify to take the written examination for
a mechanic airframe or powerplant license.

G. Environmental Analysis

    FAA Order 1050.1F identifies FAA actions that are categorically
excluded from preparation of an environmental assessment or
environmental impact statement under the National Environmental Policy
Act in the absence of extraordinary circumstances. The FAA has
determined this rulemaking action qualifies for the categorical
exclusion identified in paragraph 5-6.6 and involves no extraordinary
circumstances.

V. Executive Order Determinations

A. Executive Order 13132, Federalism

    The FAA has analyzed this final rule under the principles and
criteria of Executive Order 13132, Federalism. The agency determined
that this action will not have a substantial direct effect on the
States, or the relationship between the Federal Government and the
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the
various levels of government, and, therefore, does not have federalism
implications.

B. Executive Order 13211, Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy
Supply, Distribution, or Use

    The FAA analyzed this final rule under Executive Order 13211,
Actions Concerning Regulations that Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use (May 18, 2001). The agency has determined that it
is not a ``significant energy action'' under the Executive order and it
is not likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply,
distribution, or use of energy.

C. Executive Order 13609, Promoting International Regulatory
Cooperation

    Executive Order 13609, Promoting International Regulatory
Cooperation, promotes international regulatory cooperation to meet
shared challenges involving health, safety, labor, security,
environmental, and other issues and to reduce, eliminate, or prevent
unnecessary differences in regulatory requirements. The FAA has
analyzed this action under the policies and agency responsibilities of
Executive Order 13609, and has determined that this action would have
no effect on international regulatory cooperation.

VI. How To Obtain Additional Information

A. Rulemaking Documents

    An electronic copy of a rulemaking document may be obtained by
using the internet--
    1. Search the Federal eRulemaking Portal at www.regulations.gov;
    2. Visit the FAA's Regulations and Policies web page at
www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/; or
    3. Access the Government Printing Office's web page at GovInfo.gov.
    Copies may also be obtained by sending a request (identified by
notice, amendment, or docket number of this rulemaking) to the Federal
Aviation Administration, Office of Rulemaking, ARM-1, 800 Independence
Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591, or by calling<PHONE_NUMBER>.

B. Comments Submitted to the Docket

    Comments received may be viewed by going to www.regulations.gov and
following the online instructions to search the docket number for this
action. Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments
received into any of the FAA's dockets by the name of the individual
submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf
of an association, business, labor union, etc.).

C. Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act

    The Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) of
1996 requires FAA to comply with small entity requests for information
or advice about compliance with statutes and regulations within its
jurisdiction. A small entity with questions regarding this document,
may contact its local FAA official, or the person listed under the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT heading at the beginning of the preamble.
To find out more about SBREFA on the internet, visit www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/rulemaking/sbre_act/.

List of Subjects

14 CFR Part 43

    Aircraft, Aviation safety, Life-limited parts, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.

14 CFR Part 65

    Air traffic controllers, Aircraft, Airmen, Airports, Alcohol abuse,
Aviation safety, Drug abuse, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Security measures.

14 CFR Part 147

    Aircraft, Airmen, Education facilities, Incorporation by reference,
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Schools.

The Amendment

    In consideration of the foregoing, the Federal Aviation
Administration amends chapter I of title 14, Code of Federal
Regulations, as follows:

PART 43--MAINTENANCE, PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE, REBUILDING, AND
ALTERATION

0
1. The authority citation for part 43 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 7572; 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40105,
40113, 44701-44702, 44704, 44707, 44709, 44711, 44713, 44715, 45303.

0
2. Amend appendix A to part 43 by revising paragraph (c)(30)(i) to read
as follows:

Appendix A to Part 43--Major Alterations, Major Repairs, and Preventive
Maintenance

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (30) * * *
    (i) They are performed by the holder of at least a private pilot
certificate issued under part 61 of this chapter who is the
registered owner (including co-owners) of the affected aircraft and
who holds a certificate of competency for the affected aircraft (1)
issued by the holder of the production certificate for that primary
category aircraft that has a special training program approved under
Sec.  21.24 of this subchapter; or (2) issued by another entity that
has a course approved by the Administrator; and * * * * *

PART 65--CERTIFICATION: AIRMEN OTHER THAN FLIGHT CREWMEMBERS

0
3. The authority citation for part 65 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 44701-44703, 44707,
44709-44711, 45102-45103, 45301-45302.

0
4. Add Sec.  65.23 to read as follows:

Sec.  65.23  Incorporation by reference.

    Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part with
the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C.
552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. This material is available for inspection at
the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and at the National Archives
and Records Administration (NARA). Contact FAA, Airman Testing
Standards Branch/Regulatory Support Division,<PHONE_NUMBER>,
[email protected]. For information on the availability of this
material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to
www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The material
may be obtained from the source in the following paragraph of this
section.
    (a) Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue SW,
Washington, DC 20591,<PHONE_NUMBER>, www.faa.gov/training_testing.
    (1) FAA-S-8081-26B, Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and
Powerplant Practical Test Standards, November 1, 2021; IBR approved for
Sec. Sec.  65.75 and 65.79.
    (2) FAA-S-ACS-1, Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and
Powerplant Airman Certification Standards, November 1, 2021; IBR
approved for Sec. Sec.  65.75 and 65.79.
    (b) [Reserved]

0
5. Amend Sec.  65.75 by revising paragraph (a) and adding paragraph (c)
to read as follows:

Sec.  65.75  Knowledge requirements.

    (a) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, each
applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating must, after meeting the
applicable experience requirements of Sec.  65.77, pass a written test,
appropriate to the rating sought, which includes:
    (1) Until July 31, 2023, the subject areas contained in the
Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and Powerplant Practical Test
Standards (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  65.23), as appropriate
to the rating sought.
    (2) After July 31, 2023, the aeronautical knowledge subject areas
contained in the Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and Powerplant
Airman Certification Standards (incorporated by reference, see Sec.
65.23), as appropriate to the rating sought.
* * * * *
    (c) An applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating may take the
mechanic general written test prior to meeting the applicable
experience requirements of Sec.  65.77, provided the applicant presents
an authenticated document from a certificated aviation maintenance
technician school that demonstrates satisfactory completion of the
general portion of the school's curriculum and specifies the completion
date.

0
6. Effective August 1, 2023, amend Sec.  65.75 by revising paragraph
(a) to read as follows:

Sec.  65.75  Knowledge requirements.

    (a) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, each
applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating must, after meeting the
applicable experience

requirements of Sec.  65.77, pass a written test, appropriate to the
rating sought, which includes the aeronautical knowledge subject areas
contained in the Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and Powerplant
Airman Certification Standards (incorporated by reference, see Sec.
65.23), as appropriate to the rating sought.
* * * * *

0
7. Revise Sec.  65.77 to read as follows:

Sec.  65.77  Experience requirements

    Each applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating must present
either--
    (a) An authenticated document from a certificated aviation
maintenance technician school in accordance with Sec.  147.21 of this
chapter; or
    (b) Documentary evidence, satisfactory to the Administrator, of--
    (1) At least 18 months of practical experience with the procedures,
practices, materials, tools, machine tools, and equipment generally
used in constructing, maintaining, or altering airframes or
powerplants, appropriate to the rating sought; or
    (2) At least 30 months of practical experience concurrently
performing the duties appropriate to both the airframe and powerplant
ratings.

0
8. Revise Sec.  65.79 to read as follows:

Sec.  65.79  Skill requirements.

    Each applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating must pass an
oral test and a practical test, as appropriate to the rating sought, by
demonstrating:
    (a) Until July 31, 2023, the prescribed proficiency in the assigned
objectives for the subject areas contained in the Aviation Mechanic
General, Airframe, and Powerplant Practical Test Standard (incorporated
by reference, see Sec.  65.23), as appropriate to the rating sought.
    (b) After July 31, 2023, satisfactory understanding of the
knowledge, risk management, and skill elements for each subject
contained in the Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and Powerplant
Airmen Certification Standards (incorporated by reference, see Sec.
65.23), as appropriate to the rating sought.

0
9. Effective August 1, 2023, revise Sec.  65.79 to read as follows:

Sec.  65.79  Skill requirements.

    Each applicant for a mechanic certificate or rating must pass an
oral test and a practical test, as appropriate to the rating sought, by
demonstrating satisfactory understanding of the knowledge, risk
management, and skill elements for each subject contained in the
Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and Powerplant Airmen
Certification Standards (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  65.23),
as appropriate to the rating sought.

0
10. Revise Sec.  65.80 to read as follows:

Sec.  65.80  Certificated aviation maintenance technician school
students.

    Whenever an aviation maintenance technician school certificated
under part 147 of this chapter shows to the Administrator that any of
its students has made satisfactory progress at the school and is
prepared to take the oral and practical tests prescribed by Sec.
65.79, that student may take those tests during the final subjects of
the student's training in the curriculum required under part 147,
before the student meets the applicable experience requirements of
Sec.  65.77 and before the student passes each section of the written
test prescribed by Sec.  65.75.

0
11. Revise part 147 to read as follows:

PART 147--AVIATION MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN SCHOOLS

Subpart A--General
Sec.
147.1 Applicability.
147.3 Certificate required.
147.5 Application requirements.
147.7 Duration of certificates.
147.11 Ratings.
Subpart B--Certification and Operating Requirements
147.13 Facilities, equipment, and material requirements.
147.15 Training provided at another location.
147.17 Training requirements.
147.19 Instructor requirements.
147.21 Certificate of completion.
147.23 Quality control system.
147.25 Minimum passage rate.
147.27 FAA inspection.
147.29 Display of certificate.
147.31 Early testing.

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701-44702, 44707-44709;
Sec. 135, Public Law 116-260, 134 Stat. 1182.

Subpart A--General

Sec.  147.1  Applicability.

    This part prescribes the requirements for issuing aviation
maintenance technician school certificates and associated ratings and
the general operating rules for the holders of those certificates and
ratings.

Sec.  147.3  Certificate required.

    No person may operate an aviation maintenance technician school
without, or in violation of, an aviation maintenance technician school
certificate and the operations specifications issued under this part.

Sec.  147.5  Application requirements.

    (a) To be issued a certificate or rating under this part, an
applicant must demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this
part.
    (b) An application for a certificate and rating to operate an
aviation maintenance technician school must include the following:
    (1) A description of the facilities, including the physical address
of the applicant's primary location for operation of the school, and
any additional fixed locations where training will be provided, and the
equipment and materials to be used at each location;
    (2) A description of the manner in which the school's curriculum
will ensure the student has the knowledge and skills necessary for
attaining a mechanic certificate and associated ratings under subpart D
of part 65 of this chapter;
    (3) A description of the manner in which the school will ensure it
provides the necessary qualified instructors to meet the requirements
of Sec.  147.19; and
    (4) Any additional information necessary to demonstrate compliance
with the requirements of this part.
    (c) An application for an additional rating or amended certificate
must include only the information required by paragraph (b) of this
section that is necessary to substantiate the reason for the additional
rating or change sought.

Sec.  147.7  Duration of certificates.

    An aviation maintenance technician school certificate or rating
issued under this part is effective from the date of issue until the
certificate or rating is surrendered, suspended, or revoked.

Sec.  147.11  Ratings.

    The following ratings may be issued under this part:
    (a) Airframe.
    (b) Powerplant.
    (c) Airframe and powerplant.

Subpart B--Certification and Operating Requirements

Sec.  147.13  Facilities, equipment, and material requirements.

    (a) Each certificated aviation maintenance technician school must
provide and maintain the facilities, equipment, and materials that are
appropriate to the rating or ratings held by the school and the number
of students taught.
    (b) For certificated aviation maintenance technician schools that
provide training at more than one location in accordance with Sec.
147.15, the facilities, equipment, and materials

used at each location must be appropriate to the curriculum or portion
of the curriculum, and the number of students being taught, at that
location.

Sec.  147.15  Training provided at another location.

    A certificated aviation maintenance technician school may provide
training at any fixed location other than its primary location,
provided the additional training location meets the requirements of
this part and is listed in the certificate holder's operations
specifications.

Sec.  147.17  Training requirements.

    (a) Each certificated aviation maintenance technician school must:
    (1) Establish, maintain, and utilize a curriculum that is designed
to continually align with the mechanic airman certification standards
referenced in paragraph (b) of this section, as appropriate for the
ratings held;
    (2) Provide training of a quality that meets the requirements of
Sec.  147.25; and
    (3) Ensure students have the knowledge and skills necessary to be
prepared to test for a mechanic certificate and associated ratings
under subpart D of part 65 of this chapter.
    (b) FAA-S-ACS-1, Aviation Mechanic General, Airframe, and
Powerplant Airman Certification Standards, November 1, 2021, is
incorporated by reference into this section with the approval of the
Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part
51. This material is available for inspection at the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) and the National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA). Contact FAA, Airman Testing Standards Branch/
Regulatory Support Division,<PHONE_NUMBER>, [email protected]. For
information on the availability of this material at NARA, email:
[email protected], or go to www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The material may be obtained from FAA, 800
Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591,<PHONE_NUMBER>,
www.faa.gov/training_testing.

Sec.  147.19  Instructor requirements.

    Each certificated aviation maintenance technician school must:
    (a) Provide qualified instructors to teach in a manner that ensures
positive educational outcomes are achieved;
    (b) Ensure instructors either--
    (1) Hold a mechanic certificate with one or more appropriate
ratings; or
    (2) If they do not hold a mechanic certificate, are otherwise
specifically qualified to teach their assigned content; and
    (c) Ensure the student-to-instructor ratio does not exceed 25:1 for
any shop class.

Sec.  147.21  Certificate of completion.

    Each certificated aviation maintenance technician school must
provide an authenticated document to each graduating student,
indicating the student's date of graduation and curriculum completed.

Sec.  147.23  Quality control system.

    (a) Each certificated aviation maintenance technician school must--
    (1) Be accredited within the meaning of 20 U.S.C. 1001(a)(5); or
    (2) Establish and maintain a quality control system that meets the
requirements specified in paragraph (b) of this section, and is
approved by the Administrator.
    (b) The quality control system specified in paragraph (a)(2) of
this section must provide procedures for recordkeeping, assessment,
issuing credit, issuing of final course grades, attendance, ensuring
sufficient number of instructors, granting of graduation documentation,
and corrective action for addressing deficiencies.

Sec.  147.25  Minimum passage rate.

    (a) Each certificated aviation maintenance technician school must
maintain the pass rate specified in paragraph (b) of this section for
the most recent 3-year period.
    (b) For students who take an FAA mechanic test under part 65 of
this chapter within 60 days after graduation, at least 70 percent of
students must pass one of the following tests or any combination
thereof:
    (1) Written test;
    (2) Oral test; or
    (3) Practical test.
    (c) For students who take a combination of tests within the 60-day
window specified in paragraph (b) of this section, an aviation
maintenance technician school must count a failure on any one test as a
student failure for purposes of determining the pass rate, unless that
failed test is subsequently passed within the 60-day window.

Sec.  147.27  FAA inspection.

    A certificated aviation maintenance technician school must allow
the Administrator such access as the Administrator determines necessary
to inspect the one or more locations of the school for purposes of
determining the school's compliance with the requirements of this part.

Sec.  147.29  Display of certificate.

    A certificated aviation maintenance technician school must display
its aviation maintenance technician school certificate at a place in
each location of the school, including the primary location and any
additional fixed locations, that is visible by and normally accessible
to the public.

Sec.  147.31  Early testing.

    When a student satisfactorily completes the general portion of a
certificated aviation maintenance technician school's curriculum, the
school may issue an authenticated document that demonstrates the
student's preparedness to take the mechanic general written test in
accordance with Sec.  65.75(c) of this chapter.

    Issued under authority provided by 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 44701(a),
and 44703, and Sec. 135 of the Aircraft Certification, Safety, and
Accountability Act within Public Law 116-260, in Washington, DC, on
May 6, 2022.
Billy Nolen,
Acting Administrator.
[FR Doc. 2022-10367 Filed 5-23-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P


[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 183 (Thursday, September 22, 2022)]
[Notices]
[Pages 57904-57905]
[FR Doc No: 2022-20524]

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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Food and Drug Administration

[Docket No. FDA-2022-N-2174]

Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee; Notice of Meeting;
Establishment of a Public Docket; Request for Comments

AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human
Services (HHS).

ACTION: Notice; establishment of a public docket; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announces a forthcoming
public advisory committee meeting of the Oncologic Drugs Advisory
Committee. The general function of the committee is to provide advice
and recommendations to FDA on regulatory issues. The meeting will be
open to the public. FDA is establishing a docket for public comment on
this document.

DATES: The meeting will be held on November 22, 2022, from 10 a.m. to 3
p.m. Eastern Time.

ADDRESSES: Please note that due to the impact of this COVID-19
pandemic, all meeting participants will be joining this advisory
committee meeting via an online teleconferencing platform. Answers to
commonly asked questions about FDA advisory committee meetings may be
accessed at: https://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/AboutAdvisoryCommittees/ucm408555.htm.
    FDA is establishing a docket for public comment on this meeting.
The docket number is FDA-2022-N-2174. The docket will close on November
21, 2022. Either electronic or written comments on this public meeting
must be submitted by November 21, 2022. Please note that late, untimely
filed comments will not be considered. The https://www.regulations.gov
electronic filing system will accept comments until 11:59 p.m. Eastern
Time at the end of November 21, 2022. Comments received by mail/hand
delivery/courier (for written/paper submissions) will be considered
timely if they are received on or before that date.
    Comments received on or before November 7, 2022, will be provided
to the committee. Comments received after that date will be taken into
consideration by FDA. In the event that the meeting is canceled, FDA
will continue to evaluate any relevant applications or information, and
consider any comments submitted to the docket, as appropriate.
    You may submit comments as follows:

Electronic Submissions

    Submit electronic comments in the following way:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov.
Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted
electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov
will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be
made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment
does not include any confidential information that you or a third party
may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone
else's Social Security number, or confidential business information,
such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your
name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in
the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov.
     If you want to submit a comment with confidential
information that you do not wish to be made available to the public,
submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner
detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions'').

Written/Paper Submissions

    Submit written/paper submissions as follows:
     Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for written/paper
submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug
Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852.
     For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets
Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any
attachments, except for information submitted, marked and identified,
as confidential, if submitted as detailed in ``Instructions.''
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No.
FDA-2022-N-2174 for ``Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee; Notice of
Meeting; Establishment of a Public Docket; Request for Comments.''
Received comments, those filed in a timely manner (see ADDRESSES), will
be placed in the docket and, except for those submitted as
``Confidential Submissions,'' publicly viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Dockets Management Staff between 9 a.m.
and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday,<PHONE_NUMBER>.
     Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with
confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly
available, submit your

comments only as a written/paper submission. You should submit two
copies total. One copy will include the information you claim to be
confidential with a heading or cover note that states ``THIS DOCUMENT
CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' FDA will review this copy,
including the claimed confidential information, in its consideration of
comments. The second copy, which will have the claimed confidential
information redacted/blacked out, will be available for public viewing
and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. Submit both copies to the
Dockets Management Staff. If you do not wish your name and contact
information be made publicly available, you can provide this
information on the cover sheet and not in the body of your comments and
you must identify the information as ``confidential.'' Any information
marked as ``confidential'' will not be disclosed except in accordance
with 21 CFR 10.20 and other applicable disclosure law. For more
information about FDA's posting of comments to public dockets, see 80
FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or access the information at: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf.
    Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or
the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in
the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the
prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane,
Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852,<PHONE_NUMBER>.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joyce Frimpong, Center for Drug
Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New
Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 31, Rm. 2417, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-
796-7973, Fax:<PHONE_NUMBER>, email: [email protected], or FDA Advisory
Committee Information Line, 1-800-741-8138<PHONE_NUMBER> in the
Washington, DC area). A notice in the Federal Register about last-
minute modifications that impact a previously announced advisory
committee meeting cannot always be published quickly enough to provide
timely notice. Therefore, you should always check the FDA's website at
https://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/default.htm and scroll down to
the appropriate advisory committee meeting link, or call the advisory
committee information line to learn about possible modifications before
coming to the meeting.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
    Agenda: The meeting presentations will be heard, viewed, captioned,
and recorded through an online teleconferencing platform. The committee
will hear an update on supplemental new drug application 208447/S-025,
for ZEJULA (niraparib) capsules, submitted by GlaxoSmithKline, LLC.,
for the maintenance treatment of adult patients with recurrent
epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who
are in a complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy.
The update includes the final overall survival data from the NOVA
trial. Based on the information provided, the committee will consider
whether the indication should remain in the U.S. labeling.
    FDA intends to make background material available to the public no
later than 2 business days before the meeting. If FDA is unable to post
the background material on its website prior to the meeting, the
background material will be made publicly available on FDA's website at
the time of the advisory committee meeting. Background material and the
link to the online teleconference meeting room will be available at
https://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/Calendar/default.htm. Scroll
down to the appropriate advisory committee meeting link. The meeting
will include slide presentations with audio components to allow the
presentation of materials in a manner that most closely resembles an
in-person advisory committee meeting.
    Procedure: Interested persons may present data, information, or
views, orally or in writing, on issues pending before the committee.
All electronic and written submissions submitted to the Docket (see
ADDRESSES) on or before November 7, 2022, will be provided to the
committee. Oral presentations from the public will be scheduled between
approximately 1 p.m. and 2 p.m. Eastern Time. Those individuals
interested in making formal oral presentations should notify the
contact person and submit a brief statement of the general nature of
the evidence or arguments they wish to present, the names and addresses
of proposed participants, and an indication of the approximate time
requested to make their presentation on or before October 28, 2022.
Time allotted for each presentation may be limited. If the number of
registrants requesting to speak is greater than can be reasonably
accommodated during the scheduled open public hearing session, FDA may
conduct a lottery to determine the speakers for the scheduled open
public hearing session. The contact person will notify interested
persons regarding their request to speak by October 31, 2022.
    For press inquiries, please contact the Office of Media Affairs at
[email protected] or<PHONE_NUMBER>.
    FDA welcomes the attendance of the public at its advisory committee
meetings and will make every effort to accommodate persons with
disabilities. If you require accommodations due to a disability, please
contact Joyce Frimpong (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT) at least 7
days in advance of the meeting.
    FDA is committed to the orderly conduct of its advisory committee
meetings. Please visit our website at https://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/AboutAdvisoryCommittees/ucm111462.htm for procedures
on public conduct during advisory committee meetings.
    Notice of this meeting is given under the Federal Advisory
Committee Act (5 U.S.C. app. 2).

    Dated: September 15, 2022.
Lauren K. Roth,
Associate Commissioner for Policy.
[FR Doc. 2022-20524 Filed 9-21-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4164-01-P


USEPA 2002c Page 1 of 4 Screening History for the Part 503 Round One and Two Proposals I. A Preliminary Hazard Identification Study was conducted to identify a pollutant candidate list for the Round Two proposal. An initial set of candidates were composed of the 411 pollutants analyzed in the 1988 National Sewage Sludge Survey ( NSSS). This included every organic pollutant including pesticides, dibenzofuran, dioxin, and PCB analytes for which EPA had gas chromatography and mass spectrometry standards ( 58 FR 9268 9269).

Most of the original 411 pollutants were eliminated for consideration in the Round Two rulemaking due to the following:

° Ten pollutants were eliminated because they were regulated in the Round One rule ( i. e., metals).

° Total residue was eliminated because it is the inert material left after all the pollutants have been extracted from the sewage sludge.

° Total kjeldahl nitrogen ( i. e., the sum of the concentrations of ammonia and organic nitrogen compounds) was eliminated because the concentrations of the individual compounds cannot be discerned and because nitrogen is already controlled through management practices in Part 503.

° Dinoseb ( a herbicide) was eliminated because all U. S. uses have been cancelled, and the analysis of this compound could not be conducted in the 1988 NSSS.

( 398 pollutants remaining)

° Two classes of pollutants were formed by aggregating individual pollutants.

Seven PCB Aroclor mixtures were combined into one category ( 6 pollutants eliminated).

Twenty five dioxins/ dibenzofurans were combined by multiplying each congener's concentration by its corresponding toxicity equivalency factor and adding the resultant values over all congeners ( 24 pollutants eliminated).

( 368 pollutants remaining)

° 254 pollutants were eliminated from further consideration because they had a frequency detection of less than one percent in sewage sludge sampled in the 1988 NSSS.

( 114 pollutants remaining) USEPA 2002c Page 2 of 4 ° Of the remaining 114 pollutants, 69 were eliminated from further consideration because they were detected less than ten percent of the time and the results of a toxicity analysis indicated that the pollutants did not have the potential to adversely affect human health or the environment.

Either an oral risk reference dose ( RfD) or an oral cancer potency value ( Q*) was needed to calculate risk to human health, and a risk quotient ( RQ) was needed to calculate ecological risk. Of the 69 pollutants eliminated, 49 had at least one of these estimates of toxicity. The remaining 20 pollutants were excluded because there was not enough information currently available to conduct a toxicity assessment. As a result, they were added to Table 1 below.

Six of 49 pollutants ( i. e., aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, DDE, trichloroethene, and benzo( a) pyrene) had already been assessed in the Round One rule and were eliminated from further consideration. As a result, EPA estimated risk for 43 of the 69 pollutants eliminated in this screening phase.

For all but one of the 43 pollutants, the ratio of exposure to RfD was below one; the cancer risk was below one in 10,000; and the RQ was below one. The ratio of exposure to RfD was five for 2 picoline. However, EPA chose not to evaluate it further because it was only detected one percent of the time in the 1988 NSSS. Because the RfD for 2 picoline was greater than one, it was added to Table 1 below.

( 45 pollutants remaining)

° Of the 45 pollutants, 15 had no human or ecological toxicity data available. As a result, they were added to Table 1 below.

( 30 pollutants remaining)

° Asbestos was raised as a possible candidate during the public comment period for the Round One rule. Even though asbestos was not one of the 411 pollutants analyzed in the 1988 NSSS, it is known to be present in sewage sludge. As a result, asbestos was included as a potential Round Two pollutant candidate.

( 31 pollutants remaining)

Summary: In May 1993, as a result of the Preliminary Hazard Identification Study, EPA reported to the Court that it would include 31 pollutants on its preliminary candidate list for potential regulation in Round Two.

II. A Comprehensive Hazard Identification Study was conducted on the 31 pollutant USEPA 2002c Page 3 of 4 candidates identified in the preliminary study to determine the final list for Round Two.

° Based on the results of the assessment, 12 of the 31 pollutant candidates had critical pathways for land application, and 5 of the 12 pollutant candidates also had critical pathways for surface disposal. There were no pollutants that had critical pathways for incineration. The remaining 19 pollutants did not have critical pathways for land application, surface disposal, or incineration and, as a result, were eliminated from further consideration.

( 12 pollutants remaining)

° It was concluded that 10 inorganic pollutants with critical pathways for land application and surface disposal should not be included on the final list of pollutants for Round Two. The justifications were made on a pollutant by pollutant basis. Of these 10 inorganic pollutants, eight were eliminated due to a lack of data and were added to Table 1 below.

( 2 pollutants remaining)

Summary: In November 1995, as a result of the Comprehensive Hazard Identification Study, EPA reported to the Court that it would consider proposing Round Two regulation for two pollutants: dioxins/ dibenzofurans and coplanar PCBs. USEPA 2002c Page 4 of 4 Table 1. 44 Candidate Pollutants Identified for Further Research 2 Picoline Cobalt Docosane, n  * Octadecane, n  * Benzo( B) fluoranthene Cymene, p  * BHC, beta  Benzo( K) fluoranthene Chrysene Hexanone, 2  * Benz( A) anthracene Nitrofen ( TOK) BHC, alpha  Diepoxybutane, 1,2: 3,4  * Pentanone, 4 methyl 2 * Phenanthrene Phosphoric acid, tri o tolyl ester * Terpineol, alpha  * Tetraethylpyrophosphate * Dibenzofuran * Methylnaphthalene, 2  Calcium * Decane, n  1 * Dodecane, n  * Eicosane, n  * Hexacosane, n  * Hexadecane, n  * Hexanoic acid * Iron Magnesium * Octacosane, n  * Sodium * Tetracosane, n  * Tetradecane, n  * Triacontane, n  * Yttrium Aluminum Antimony Barium Boron Fluoride Manganese Tin Titanium

Note: Subsequently, 23 of the 44 candidate pollutants identified for further research are considered to be non toxic or non persistent in the terrestrial environment at the concentrations found in sewage sludge and are, therefore, being eliminated from further consideration for potential addition to the Part 503 rule. The remaining 21 candidate pollutants are being considered for further research.