vocation Technology Electives Other courses 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 New York ................................... 22 4 4 3 3 2.5 1 0 3.5 1 ( foreign language) 2005 Yes Social studies requirement includes 1 unit of U. S. history and government, .5 units of government and .5 units of economics Students may meet the learning standards in technology either through a course in technology education or through an integrated course combining technology with mathematics and/ or science. A commencement level course in technology education may be used as the third unit of credit in science or mathematics, but not both. Data are for Regents diploma. Advanced Regents diploma available.

North Carolina 2 ......................... 20 4 3 4 3 1 ( 3) 0 3 2 ( foreign language) 2004 Yes ( class of 2005) 4th mathematics credit required for 9th graders in the College/

University Prep course of study entering high school in 2002   03. An Occupational Course of study with different requirements is available starting in 2000   01 for students with Individualized Education Plans. Students must demonstrate computer proficiency through state testing.

North Dakota 1 ........................... 17 4 3 2 2 1 0 0 5   N/ A No Data are state minimums, but actual requirements are determined locally. N. D. Department of Education recommends 20 credits in order to graduate.

Ohio ........................................... 21 4 3 3 3 1 0 0 7   2004 Yes ( class of 2005) Social studies requirement includes .5 units of U. S. history and .5 units of U. S. government. Science requirement includes 1 unit of biology and 1 unit of physical science. PE requirement consists of .5 units of PE and .5 units of health.

Starting 9/ 15/ 01 one elective unit or 2 half units must include business/ technology, fine arts, or foreign language.

Oklahoma .................................. 23 4 3 3 3 0 2 0 8   2003 Yes English/ language arts requirement includes 1 unit of grammar/

composition. Social studies requirement includes 1 unit of U. S. history, .5 units of Oklahoma history, a minimum of .5 units of U. S. government. Math requirement includes 1 unit of algebra I. Science requirement includes 1 unit of biology I. State strongly encourages students to complete 2 units of a foreign language.

Oregon ....................................... 22 3 3 2 2 2 1 0 9   2001 No English/ language arts requirement includes 1 unit of writing composition. Arts/ vocation requirement may be met by earning 1 unit in any one or a combination of applied arts,

fine arts or foreign language.

Pennsylvania 5 ...........................                     N/ A Yes ( class of 2003) Beginning in 2002   03, in order to graduate, students shall demonstrate proficiency in reading, writing and mathematics on either state or local assessments in grade 11 or 12.

Rhode Island 2 ........................... 18 4 2 3 2 0 0.5 0.5 4 2 ( foreign language) 1990 No Students must take 100 minutes per week of PE/ health.

South Carolina 2 ......................... 24 4 3 4 3 1 0 1 7 1 ( foreign language) 2001 Yes Social studies requirement includes 1 unit of U. S. history, .5 units of U. S. government and .5 units of economics. PE requirement may be met through participation in JROTC program For students in a Tech Prep Program, 1 unit must be earned in occupation education instead of a foreign language Demonstration of computer literacy before graduation also required.

South Dakota ............................. 22 4 3 2 2 0 1 0.5 8.5 1 ( additional unit of either mathematics or science) 2004 No English/ language arts requirement includes 1.5 units of writing 1.5 units of literature, .5 units of American literature and .5 units of speech. Social studies requirement includes 1 unit of U. S. history, .5 units of U. S. government and .5 units of geography.

Tennessee ................................. 20 4 3 3 3 1 0 0 6   1998 Yes Science requirement includes 1 unit of life science and 1 unit of physical science. All science courses must incorporate lab experiences. One full year of computer education required at some time during high school career, no credit value assigned. 174 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: REGULATIONS Table 153.   State requirements for high school graduation, in Carnegie units: 2001   Continued State All courses Subject areas First graduating class to which these requirements apply Minimum competency test is required to graduate Notes English/

language arts Social studies Mathematics Science Physical education/

health Arts/

vocation Technology Electives Other courses 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Texas ......................................... 22 4 3 3 2 2 0 1 5.5 .5 ( speech), 1 ( World History Studies,

Geography Studies, or any science course approved by the State Board of Education) 2001 Yes Social studies requirement includes 1 unit of world history or world geography, 1 unit of U. S. history, .5 units of U. S.

government and .5 units of economics. Math requirement includes algebra I. Science requirement must include 1 unit from biology, chemistry, or physics. PE requirement includes .5 units of health and 1.5 units of PE.

Utah ........................................... 24 3 3 2 2 2 1.5 1 9.5   1997 Yes ( class of 2005) Required elective areas are divided into college entry or applied technology/ job entry clusters. Information technology requirement optional. Library media skills integrated into subject areas.

Vermont ..................................... 20 4 3 3 3 1.5 1 0 4.5   2002 No Beginning in 2005 local school districts will have the option of fulfilling current Carnegie requirements with field of knowledge assessment. Field of knowledge assessment is part of Vermont's system of standards, which includes arts,

language and literature, history and social sciences, and science, mathematics, and technology.

Virginia ....................................... 22 4 3 3 3 2 1 0 6   2002 Yes ( class of 2004) Data are for Standard Diploma. Beginning in 2004, Standard of Learning tests must be passed in 5 subjects areas.

Washington ................................ 19 3 2.5 2 2 2 1 0 5.5 1 ( occupational education) 2008 Yes ( class of 2008) Social studies requirement consists of 1 unit of U. S. history/

government, .5 units of Washington state history/

government and 1 unit of world history/ geography. Science requires 1 unit of laboratory science. Each student shall complete a culminating project for graduation.

West Virginia ............................. 24 4 3 3 3 2 1 0 44 ( career majors) 2003 No Math requirement includes algebra I and 1 higher math.

Science includes coordinated and thematic science and 1 higher science. PE requirement includes 1 unit of health and 1 unit of PE. Work based learning experience (

determined by local school district) required.

Wisconsin .................................. 13 4 3 2 2 2 0 0 0   2004 Yes ( class of 2004) PE consists of 1.5 units of PE and .5 units of health. State strongly encourages school boards to require additional 8.5 elective units. School boards may also require community service as a graduation criterion.

Wyoming .................................... 13 4 3 3 3 0 0 0 0   2003 Yes ( class of 2003) Social studies requirement includes history, American government and economic systems and institutions. Exit exam covers principles of the Constitutions of the U. S. and Wyoming

  Not available or not applicable.

1 Graduation requirements are determined locally.

2 Data for College Preparatory Diploma.

3 Career Preparatory Diploma also available.

4 Graduation requirements are currently being phased in by local school districts. However, as of yet, no statewide deadline exists dictating when this should occur.

5 State minimum credit requirements have been phased out in Pennsylvania. Each school district ( including charter schools) shall specify requirements for graduation in a strategic plan requiring state approval. To graduate, students must demonstrate proficiency in reading, writing, and mathematics on either state or local assessments aligned with state guidelines. NOTE: Local school districts frequently have other graduation requirements in addition to state requirements. English/

language arts   can include English, Reading, Literature, Creative Writing, etc. Mathematics   can include Basic Math,

Algebra I and II, Geometry, Pre Calculus, Calculus, Statistics, etc. Social studies   can include World History, U. S.

History Geography, Economics, Government, etc. Science   can include Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Anatomy, Earth Science, etc. Arts/ vocation   can include Fine Arts, Practical Arts, Vocational, or Career Preparatory credits.

Technology   can include Computer Literacy, Computer Technology, Technology Competency, etc.

SOURCE: State Boards of Education; and Education Commission of the States, Clearinghouse Notes, `` High School Graduation Requirements'' November 1996 and November 1998; Education Commission of the States, Clearinghouse Notes, `` Choice of Schools: State Actions'' June 1999. ( This table was prepared June 2001.) 175 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: REGULATIONS Table 154.   States which use criterion referenced assessments aligned to state standards, by level and subject area: 2001   02 State Criterion referenced assessments, by level and subject area English/ language arts Mathematics Science Social studies/ history 1 2 3 4 5 Alabama ...................... ES, MS, HS HS HS HS Alaska .......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Arizona ........................ ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Arkansas ...................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS California ..................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS HS HS Colorado ...................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS MS Connecticut .................. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS HS Delaware ..................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS District of Columbia ..... Florida .......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Georgia ........................ ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Hawaii .......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Idaho ............................ ES, MS, HS ES, MS Illinois ........................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Indiana ......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Iowa ............................. Kansas ......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Kentucky ...................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Louisiana ..................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Maine ........................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Maryland ...................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Massachusetts ............. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS ES, MS Michigan ...................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Minnesota .................... ES, HS ES, HS Mississippi ................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS HS HS Missouri ....................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Montana ....................... Nebraska ..................... ES Nevada ........................ ES, MS, HS ES, HS New Hampshire ........... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS MS, HS MS, HS New Jersey .................. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS ES New Mexico ................. ES, MS, HS HS HS HS New York ..................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS North Carolina ............. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS HS HS North Dakota ............... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Ohio ............................. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Oklahoma .................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS ES, MS ES, MS, HS Oregon ......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Pennsylvania ............... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Rhode Island ............... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS South Carolina ............. ES, MS ES, MS ES, MS South Dakota ............... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Tennessee ................... ES, MS, HS HS HS Texas ........................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS MS, HS MS, HS Utah ............................. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Vermont ....................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, HS Virginia ......................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS Washington .................. ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS West Virginia ............... ES, MS, HS Wisconsin .................... Wyoming ...................... ES, MS, HS ES, MS, HS ES= elementary school, MS= middle school, and HS= high school. SOURCE: Education Week, January 10, 2002, Number 17   2002, Editorial Projects in Education. ( This table was prepared January 2002.) 176 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: REGULATIONS Table 155.   States using minimum competency testing, by grade levels assessed, and expected uses of standards: 1998   99 State Grade levels assessed Expected uses Student diagnosis or placement 1 Improvement of instruction 1 Program evaluation 1 Student diagnosis or placement 2 Student promotion 2 High school graduation 2 Student awards or recognition 3 Public school performance reporting 3 Accreditation 3 Other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Alabama ....................... 3   12 X X X X X Alaska .......................... 4,5,7,8,10,11 X X X Arizona ......................... 3   12 X X X Arkansas ...................... 4,5,7,8,10 X X X California ...................... 2   12 4 X X X X X X ( 5) ( 6)

Colorado ...................... 3   5,7 X X Connecticut .................. 4,6,8,10 X X X X X X Delaware ...................... 3,5,8,10 X X Florida .......................... 4,5,8,10,11 X X X X X Georgia ........................ K, 3,5,8,11 X X X X X X ( 5)

Hawaii .......................... 3,5,7,9   12 X X X X X X X ( 5) ( 6) Idaho ............................ 3   11 X X Illinois ........................... 3,5,8,10 7 X X X X Indiana ......................... 3,6,8,10 X X X X X X Iowa ............................. 4,8,11 X Kansas ......................... 3   5,7,8,10 X X X X X Kentucky ...................... 3   12 X X X X Louisiana ..................... 3   11 X X X Maine ........................... 4,8,11 7 X X Maryland ...................... 3,5,8 X X X X X X Massachusetts ............. 4,8,10 Michigan ...................... 4,5,7,8,11 X X X X X Minnesota .................... 3,5,8,10 X X X X Mississippi ................... 4   9,11,12 X X X X Missouri ....................... 3,4,7,8,10,11 4,7 X X X X X X Montana ....................... 4,8,11 X X Nebraska 8 ................... Nevada ........................ 4,8,10   12 X X X X X X New Hampshire ........... 3,6,10 X X X New Jersey .................. 8,11 X X X X X X ( 5) ( 9)

New Mexico ................. 1,2,4,6,8,10 X X X X X X X New York ..................... 4   6,8   12 X X X X X X X ( 5) ( 6) North Carolina ............. 3   12 X X X X X X X X North Dakota ............... 4,6,8,10 X X X X X X ( 6) Ohio ............................. 4,6,8   12 X X X X X X ( 6)

Oklahoma .................... 3,5,7,8,11 X X X X X Oregon ......................... 3,5,8,10 X X X X Pennsylvania ............... 5,6,8,9,11 X Rhode Island ............... 3   5,7   10 X X X South Carolina ............. 1,3   12 7 X X X X X ( 6)

South Dakota ............... 2,4,5,8,9,11 X X X Tennessee ................... 3   12 X X X X X X ( 5) Texas ........................... 3   8,10   12 X X X X X X X X Utah ............................. 1   6,8,11 4 X X X X X Vermont ....................... 2,4,6,8,10 X X X Virginia ......................... 3   12 X X X X X X X Washington .................. 2,4,7,8,10,11 4 X X X X West Virginia ............... 3   11 X X X X X ( 5) ( 9) Wisconsin .................... 3,4,8,10 X X X Wyoming ...................... 4,8   127 X X X Outlying areas American Samoa ......... 3,5,7,8,10   12 X X Puerto Rico .................. 3,6,9,11 X X X X ( 9) Virgin Islands ............... 3,5,6,8,11 X X X X 1 Testing program is for instructional purposes. 2 Testing program is for the purpose of student accountability. 3 Testing program is for school accountability. 4 Inclusion is voluntary for students, schools or school districts for one or more grades. 5 Endorsed diploma. 6 Honors diploma. 7 A sample of students is tested for one or more grades. 8 This state did not administer any statewide assessments for the 1998   99 school year.

9 High school skills guarantee.

SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, `` Annual Survey of State Student Assessment Programs, Spring 2001.'' ( This table was prepared August 2001.) 177 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: REGULATIONS Table 156.   States requiring testing for initial certification of teachers, by authorization, year enacted, year effective, and test used: 1990 and 1999 State Assessment for certification, 1990 Assessment for certification, 1999 Basic skills exam Subject matter exam Knowledge of teaching exam Assessment of teaching performance Basic skills exam Subject matter exam General knowledge exam Knowledge of teaching exam Assessment of teaching performance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Alabama .................................... ( 1) ( 2) ( 2) X Alaska ....................................... X Arizona ...................................... X X X X X X Arkansas ................................... X X X X X California ................................... X X ( 3) X Colorado ................................... X X X X X X Connecticut ............................... X X X X X Delaware ................................... X X District of Columbia .................. X X X X X Florida ....................................... X X X X X X X X Georgia ..................................... X X X X Hawaii ....................................... X X X X X X X Idaho ......................................... X X Illinois ........................................ X X X X Indiana ...................................... X X X X X X X Iowa .......................................... X X X X Kansas ...................................... X X X X Kentucky 4 ................................. X ( 1) X Louisiana .................................. X X X X X X X X Maine ........................................ X X X X X X Maryland ................................... X X X X X X X Massachusetts 5 ........................ Michigan .................................... X X ( 6) Minnesota ................................. X X Mississippi ................................. X X X X X X X Missouri ..................................... X ( 1) X Montana .................................... X X X Nebraska ................................... X X Nevada ..................................... X X X X X X New Hampshire ........................ X X X New Jersey ............................... X X ( 7) X New Mexico .............................. X X X X X X New York .................................. X X X X North Carolina ........................... X ( 1) X X North Dakota ............................. ( 1) X X Ohio 8 ........................................ X X X X X Oklahoma .................................. X X X X X X Oregon ...................................... X X X X X X X ( 9) Pennsylvania ............................. X X X X X X X Rhode Island ............................. X X X X X X South Carolina .......................... X X X X X X South Dakota ............................ X X X Tennessee ................................ X X X X Texas 10 .................................... X X X X Utah ..........................................

Vermont .................................... Virginia ...................................... X X X X X X Washington ............................... X ( 1) West Virginia 11 ......................... X X X X X X X Wisconsin .................................. X X Wyoming ...................................

1 For admission to teacher education program. 2 Institution's exit exam. 3 Subject matter exam or completion of an approved subject matter program. 4 Fingerprint check is required for employment. 5 In 1990, test required for foreign language, bilingual, and English as a Second Language In 1999, two part exam covers communication and literacy skills and the subject matter knowledge for the certificate. 6 Elementary certificate exam ( subject area exam). 7 For elementary education. 8 Test requirements in 1990 set by school districts. 9 For Oregon graduates. 10 Screening for admission to a teacher preparation program includes college level skills in reading, oral and written communication, critical thinking, and mathematics. 11 Required for individuals entering West Virginia approved education programs as of fall 1985.

SOURCE: Council of Chief State School Officers, `` State Education Indicators, 1990;'' and National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification, `` The NASDTEC Manual 2000: Manual on Certification & Preparation of Educational Personnel in the United States & Canada.'' ( This table was prepared June 2000.) 178 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 157.   Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source of funds: 1919   20 to 1998   99 School year In thousands Percentage distribution Total Federal State Local ( including intermediate) 1 Total Federal State Local ( including intermediate) 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1919   20 .................................... $ 970,121 $ 2,475 $ 160,085 $ 807,561 100.0 0.3 16.5 83.2 1929   30 .................................... 2,088,557 7,334 353,670 1,727,553 100.0 0.4 16.9 82.7 1939   40 .................................... 2,260,527 39,810 684,354 1,536,363 100.0 1.8 30.3 68.0 1941   42 .................................... 2,416,580 34,305 759,993 1,622,281 100.0 1.4 31.4 67.1 1943   44 .................................... 2,604,322 35,886 859,183 1,709,253 100.0 1.4 33.0 65.6 1945   46 .................................... 3,059,845 41,378 1,062,057 1,956,409 100.0 1.4 34.7 63.9 1947   48 .................................... 4,311,534 120,270 1,676,362 2,514,902 100.0 2.8 38.9 58.3 1949   50 .................................... 5,437,044 155,848 2,165,689 3,115,507 100.0 2.9 39.8 57.3 1951   52 .................................... 6,423,816 227,711 2,478,596 3,717,507 100.0 3.5 38.6 57.9 1953   54 .................................... 7,866,852 355,237 2,944,103 4,567,512 100.0 4.5 37.4 58.1 1955   56 .................................... 9,686,677 441,442 3,828,886 5,416,350 100.0 4.6 39.5 55.9 1957   58 .................................... 12,181,513 486,484 4,800,368 6,894,661 100.0 4.0 39.4 56.6 1959   60 .................................... 14,746,618 651,639 5,768,047 8,326,932 100.0 4.4 39.1 56.5 1961   62 .................................... 17,527,707 760,975 6,789,190 9,977,542 100.0 4.3 38.7 56.9 1963   64 .................................... 20,544,182 896,956 8,078,014 11,569,213 100.0 4.4 39.3 56.3 1965   66 .................................... 25,356,858 1,996,954 9,920,219 13,439,686 100.0 7.9 39.1 53.0 1967   68 .................................... 31,903,064 2,806,469 12,275,536 16,821,063 100.0 8.8 38.5 52.7 1969   70 .................................... 40,266,923 3,219,557 16,062,776 20,984,589 100.0 8.0 39.9 52.1 1970   71 .................................... 44,511,292 3,753,461 17,409,086 23,348,745 100.0 8.4 39.1 52.5 1971   72 .................................... 50,003,645 4,467,969 19,133,256 26,402,420 100.0 8.9 38.3 52.8 1972   73 .................................... 52,117,930 4,525,000 20,699,752 26,893,180 100.0 8.7 39.7 51.6 1973   74 .................................... 58,230,892 4,930,351 24,113,409 29,187,132 100.0 8.5 41.4 50.1 1974   75 .................................... 64,445,239 5,811,595 27,060,563 31,573,079 100.0 9.0 42.0 49.0 1975   76 .................................... 71,206,073 6,318,345 31,602,885 33,284,840 100.0 8.9 44.4 46.7 1976   77 .................................... 75,322,532 6,629,498 32,526,018 36,137,018 100.0 8.8 43.2 48.0 1977   78 .................................... 81,443,160 7,694,194 35,013,266 38,735,700 100.0 9.4 43.0 47.6 1978   79 .................................... 87,994,143 8,600,116 40,132,136 39,261,891 100.0 9.8 45.6 44.6 1979   80 .................................... 96,881,165 9,503,537 45,348,814 42,028,813 100.0 9.8 46.8 43.4 1980   81 .................................... 105,949,087 9,768,262 50,182,659 45,998,166 100.0 9.2 47.4 43.4 1981   82 .................................... 110,191,257 8,186,466 52,436,435 49,568,356 100.0 7.4 47.6 45.0 1982   83 .................................... 117,497,502 8,339,990 56,282,157 52,875,354 100.0 7.1 47.9 45.0 1983   84 .................................... 126,055,419 8,576,547 60,232,981 57,245,892 100.0 6.8 47.8 45.4 1984   85 .................................... 137,294,678 9,105,569 67,168,684 61,020,425 100.0 6.6 48.9 44.4 1985   86 .................................... 149,127,779 9,975,622 73,619,575 65,532,582 100.0 6.7 49.4 43.9 1986   87 .................................... 158,523,693 10,146,013 78,830,437 69,547,243 100.0 6.4 49.7 43.9 1987   88 .................................... 169,561,974 10,716,687 84,004,415 74,840,873 100.0 6.3 49.5 44.1 1988   89 .................................... 192,016,374 11,902,001 91,768,911 88,345,462 100.0 6.2 47.8 46.0 1989   90 .................................... 208,547,573 12,700,784 98,238,633 97,608,157 100.0 6.1 47.1 46.8 1990   91 .................................... 223,340,537 13,776,066 105,324,533 104,239,939 100.0 6.2 47.2 46.7 1991   92 .................................... 234,581,384 15,493,330 108,783,449 110,304,605 100.0 6.6 46.4 47.0 1992   93 .................................... 247,626,168 17,261,252 113,403,436 116,961,481 100.0 7.0 45.8 47.2 1993   94 .................................... 260,159,468 18,341,483 117,474,209 124,343,776 100.0 7.1 45.2 47.8 1994   95 .................................... 273,149,449 18,582,157 127,729,576 126,837,717 100.0 6.8 46.8 46.4 1995   96 .................................... 287,702,844 19,104,019 136,670,754 131,928,071 100.0 6.6 47.5 45.9 1996   97 .................................... 305,065,192 20,081,287 146,435,584 138,548,321 100.0 6.6 48.0 45.4 1997   98 2 .................................. 325,925,708 22,201,965 157,645,372 146,078,370 100.0 6.8 48.4 44.8 1998   99 .................................... 347,329,664 24,521,817 169,298,232 153,509,615 100.0 7.1 48.7 44.2 1 Includes a relatively small amount from nongovernmental private sources ( gifts and tuition and transportation fees from patrons). These sources accounted for 2.5 percent of total revenues in 1998   99. 2 Revised from previously published figures.

NOTE: Beginning in 1980   81, revenues for state education agencies are excluded. Beginning in 1988   89, data reflect new survey collection procedures and may not be entirely comparable with figures for earlier years. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education; and Common Core of Data surveys. ( This table was prepared May 2001.) 179 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 158.   Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state: 1998   99 State or other area Total, in thousands Federal State Local and intermediate Private 1 Amount, in thousands Per student Percent of total Amount, in thousands Percent of total Amount, in thousands Percent of total Amount, in thousands Percent of total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ................................ $ 347,329,664 $ 24,521,817 $ 532 7.1 $ 169,298,232 48.7 $ 144,790,417 41.7 $ 8,719,198 2.5 Alabama ............................................ 4,469,278 407,011 543 9.1 2,752,647 61.6 1,075,876 24.1 233,745 5.2 Alaska ................................................ 1,290,358 177,974 1,347 13.8 787,763 61.0 289,870 22.5 34,751 2.7 Arizona .............................................. 5,079,076 507,196 623 10.0 2,195,345 43.2 2,241,488 44.1 135,047 2.7 Arkansas ............................................ 2,610,267 266,276 583 10.2 1,509,796 57.8 684,926 26.2 149,269 5.7 California ........................................... 40,002,760 3,443,221 593 8.6 23,739,295 59.3 12,379,999 30.9 440,245 1.1 Colorado ............................................ 4,714,756 242,481 353 5.1 2,002,525 42.5 2,261,755 48.0 207,995 4.4 Connecticut ........................................ 5,607,014 223,083 417 4.0 2,184,637 39.0 3,047,598 54.4 151,697 2.7 Delaware ........................................... 959,482 71,416 638 7.4 617,023 64.3 259,711 27.1 11,332 1.2 District of Columbia ........................... 760,592 125,490 1,627 16.5     631,735 83.1 3,367 0.4 Florida ................................................ 16,460,206 1,301,428 567 7.9 8,279,709 50.3 6,308,302 38.3 570,767 3.5 Georgia .............................................. 10,263,338 689,614 501 6.7 5,044,094 49.1 4,355,291 42.4 174,338 1.7 Hawaii ................................................ 1,328,572 130,547 687 9.8 1,166,940 87.8 7,211 0.5 23,874 1.8 Idaho .................................................. 1,420,902 100,260 410 7.1 874,429 61.5 421,953 29.7 24,260 1.7 Illinois ................................................. 15,338,740 1,103,559 552 7.2 4,610,903 30.1 9,293,156 60.6 331,122 2.2 Indiana ............................................... 7,980,582 398,810 404 5.0 4,190,124 52.5 3,164,882 39.7 226,765 2.8 Iowa ................................................... 3,516,165 195,628 390 5.6 1,775,997 50.5 1,355,452 38.5 189,088 5.4 Kansas ............................................... 3,282,779 200,698 428 6.1 2,021,434 61.6 972,978 29.6 87,669 2.7 Kentucky ............................................ 4,210,793 389,074 581 9.2 2,600,631 61.8 1,120,296 26.6 100,792 2.4 Louisiana ........................................... 4,697,639 541,180 697 11.5 2,366,566 50.4 1,680,170 35.8 109,723 2.3 Maine ................................................. 1,703,252 127,495 600 7.5 781,035 45.9 775,761 45.5 18,960 1.1 Maryland ............................................ 6,806,086 371,941 448 5.5 2,687,925 39.5 3,537,681 52.0 208,539 3.1 Massachusetts ................................... 8,534,080 422,923 446 5.0 3,593,252 42.1 4,400,523 51.6 117,382 1.4 Michigan ............................................ 14,678,359 1,038,773 610 7.1 9,493,662 64.7 3,839,779 26.2 306,144 2.1 Minnesota .......................................... 6,785,487 340,314 399 5.0 3,907,686 57.6 2,327,575 34.3 209,913 3.1 Mississippi ......................................... 2,544,561 355,527 704 14.0 1,396,182 54.9 705,902 27.7 86,949 3.4 Missouri ............................................. 6,265,697 405,351 445 6.5 2,446,271 39.0 3,164,640 50.5 249,435 4.0 Montana ............................................. 1,047,338 117,877 726 11.3 470,763 44.9 413,387 39.5 45,311 4.3 Nebraska ........................................... 2,168,308 150,123 513 6.9 804,817 37.1 1,100,788 50.8 112,580 5.2 Nevada .............................................. 2,094,467 95,518 322 4.6 678,951 32.4 1,244,739 59.4 75,259 3.6 New Hampshire ................................. 1,441,115 58,224 289 4.0 127,702 8.9 1,220,703 84.7 34,487 2.4 New Jersey ........................................ 14,192,543 527,334 422 3.7 5,868,487 41.3 7,480,958 52.7 315,764 2.2 New Mexico ....................................... 2,098,648 282,253 851 13.4 1,522,000 72.5 249,472 11.9 44,923 2.1 New York ........................................... 29,874,220 1,799,258 629 6.0 12,599,176 42.2 15,202,315 50.9 273,471 0.9 North Carolina ................................... 8,137,116 558,556 452 6.9 5,590,644 68.7 1,779,124 21.9 208,792 2.6 North Dakota ..................................... 709,427 92,088 777 13.0 285,772 40.3 294,013 41.4 37,553 5.3 Ohio ................................................... 14,399,472 829,887 449 5.8 6,057,593 42.1 6,963,798 48.4 548,194 3.8 Oklahoma .......................................... 3,652,130 332,679 533 9.1 2,200,010 60.2 930,733 25.5 188,708 5.2 Oregon ............................................... 4,047,900 284,344 525 7.0 2,297,679 56.8 1,324,525 32.7 141,351 3.5 Pennsylvania ..................................... 15,525,301 937,333 516 6.0 5,933,154 38.2 8,366,851 53.9 287,963 1.9 Rhode Island ..................................... 1,319,597 73,870 482 5.6 548,776 41.6 679,478 51.5 17,472 1.3 South Carolina ................................... 4,398,145 361,412 548 8.2 2,291,942 52.1 1,560,842 35.5 183,949 4.2 South Dakota ..................................... 829,028 87,186 612 10.5 297,347 35.9 420,191 50.7 24,305 2.9 Tennessee ......................................... 5,089,341 445,545 499 8.8 2,404,133 47.2 1,883,947 37.0 355,715 7.0 Texas ................................................. 25,647,339 2,167,802 557 8.5 10,873,810 42.4 11,966,341 46.7 639,386 2.5 Utah ................................................... 2,449,890 172,295 357 7.0 1,496,345 61.1 721,271 29.4 59,978 2.4 Vermont ............................................. 908,146 52,890 499 5.8 675,896 74.4 163,291 18.0 16,068 1.8 Virginia ............................................... 8,358,036 438,656 395 5.2 2,825,340 33.8 4,831,710 57.8 262,330 3.1 Washington ........................................ 7,212,175 491,420 496 6.8 4,659,490 64.6 1,822,165 25.3 239,100 3.3 West Virginia ..................................... 2,229,692 190,635 632 8.5 1,398,405 62.7 613,378 27.5 27,275 1.2 Wisconsin .......................................... 7,409,485 339,371 385 4.6 3,955,854 53.4 2,951,270 39.8 162,990 2.2 Wyoming ............................................ 779,985 57,993 597 7.4 408,271 52.3 300,616 38.5 13,106 1.7 Outlying areas American Samoa ............................... 57,667 42,836 2,816 74.3 11,139 19.3 3,607 6.3 85 0.1 Guam .................................................                     Northern Marianas ............................. 53,720 15,737 1,702 29.3 37,730 70.2 163 0.3 89 0.2 Puerto Rico ........................................ 2,121,183 588,027 953 27.7 1,532,799 72.3 116 ( 2) 242 ( 2) Virgin Islands ..................................... 160,253 29,720 1,343 18.5     130,319 81.3 214 0.1   Not available.

1 Includes revenues from gifts, and tuition and fees from patrons.

2 Less than .05 percent. NOTE: Excludes revenues for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared May 2001.) 180 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 159.   Revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source and state: 1997   98 State or other area Total, in thousands Federal State Local and intermediate Private 1 Amount, in thousands Per student Percent of total Amount, in thousands Percent of total Amount, in thousands Percent of total Amount, in thousands Percent of total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ................................ $ 325,925,708 $ 22,201,965 $ 481 6.8 $ 157,645,372 48.4 $ 137,860,393 42.3 $ 8,217,977 2.5 Alabama ............................................ 4,146,629 389,242 520 9.4 2,589,826 62.5 960,799 23.2 206,762 5.0 Alaska ................................................ 1,218,425 149,630 1,133 12.3 757,286 62.2 278,785 22.9 32,724 2.7 Arizona .............................................. 4,731,675 482,748 593 10.2 2,096,739 44.3 2,045,829 43.2 106,360 2.2 Arkansas ............................................ 2,600,655 280,682 615 10.8 1,500,334 57.7 674,943 26.0 144,697 5.6 California ........................................... 38,142,613 3,120,793 538 8.2 22,963,395 60.2 11,655,935 30.6 402,490 1.1 Colorado ............................................ 4,327,326 219,798 320 5.1 1,879,065 43.4 2,061,131 47.6 167,332 3.9 Connecticut ........................................ 5,159,304 201,858 377 3.9 1,925,676 37.3 2,894,418 56.1 137,353 2.7 Delaware ........................................... 913,616 69,240 618 7.6 588,211 64.4 243,784 26.7 12,380 1.4 District of Columbia ........................... 706,935 116,363 1,509 16.5     587,111 83.1 3,461 0.5 Florida ................................................ 14,988,118 1,145,240 499 7.6 7,311,149 48.8 5,945,424 39.7 586,304 3.9 Georgia .............................................. 9,041,434 616,455 448 6.8 4,625,560 51.2 3,625,225 40.1 174,194 1.9 Hawaii ................................................ 1,282,702 110,725 583 8.6 1,141,002 89.0 6,229 0.5 24,746 1.9 Idaho .................................................. 1,320,647 92,937 380 7.0 827,955 62.7 377,211 28.6 22,544 1.7 Illinois ................................................. 14,149,155 957,788 479 6.8 4,033,015 28.5 8,844,102 62.5 314,250 2.2 Indiana ............................................... 7,513,407 363,393 368 4.8 3,860,331 51.4 3,072,377 40.9 217,307 2.9 Iowa ................................................... 3,346,481 177,460 354 5.3 1,715,706 51.3 1,278,597 38.2 174,719 5.2 Kansas ............................................... 3,122,238 184,940 395 5.9 1,807,350 57.9 1,046,453 33.5 83,495 2.7 Kentucky ............................................ 3,932,068 376,532 563 9.6 2,427,126 61.7 1,041,560 26.5 86,849 2.2 Louisiana ........................................... 4,493,189 506,525 652 11.3 2,266,287 50.4 1,612,455 35.9 107,922 2.4 Maine ................................................. 1,600,635 111,892 526 7.0 728,812 45.5 742,945 46.4 16,986 1.1 Maryland ............................................ 6,454,696 337,791 407 5.2 2,514,141 39.0 3,401,284 52.7 201,480 3.1 Massachusetts ................................... 7,893,657 395,259 416 5.0 3,213,490 40.7 4,175,831 52.9 109,076 1.4 Michigan ............................................ 14,329,715 950,569 558 6.6 9,459,203 66.0 3,641,277 25.4 278,665 1.9 Minnesota .......................................... 6,529,420 320,513 375 4.9 3,418,033 52.3 2,597,752 39.8 193,122 3.0 Mississippi ......................................... 2,407,954 339,316 672 14.1 1,333,568 55.4 653,106 27.1 81,964 3.4 Missouri ............................................. 6,005,256 375,185 412 6.2 2,384,741 39.7 3,009,034 50.1 236,295 3.9 Montana ............................................. 1,029,939 105,211 648 10.2 482,681 46.9 398,569 38.7 43,477 4.2 Nebraska ........................................... 1,964,205 130,716 447 6.7 650,846 33.1 1,074,733 54.7 107,910 5.5 Nevada .............................................. 1,910,794 87,580 295 4.6 607,846 31.8 1,149,020 60.1 66,347 3.5 New Hampshire ................................. 1,364,943 51,940 258 3.8 127,607 9.3 1,152,828 84.5 32,567 2.4 New Jersey ........................................ 13,189,983 477,088 382 3.6 5,246,646 39.8 7,160,964 54.3 305,286 2.3 New Mexico ....................................... 1,952,452 258,676 780 13.2 1,409,495 72.2 240,582 12.3 43,699 2.2 New York ........................................... 27,782,468 1,512,286 528 5.4 11,038,714 39.7 14,970,650 53.9 260,818 0.9 North Carolina ................................... 7,188,615 520,907 421 7.2 4,838,150 67.3 1,631,999 22.7 197,558 2.7 North Dakota ..................................... 682,419 84,339 711 12.4 280,238 41.1 280,742 41.1 37,100 5.4 Ohio ................................................... 13,458,095 783,397 424 5.8 5,547,736 41.2 6,581,231 48.9 545,731 4.1 Oklahoma .......................................... 3,416,296 295,299 473 8.6 2,103,243 61.6 837,037 24.5 180,716 5.3 Oregon ............................................... 3,883,939 248,549 459 6.4 2,204,918 56.8 1,305,950 33.6 124,523 3.2 Pennsylvania ..................................... 14,837,945 868,600 479 5.9 5,736,509 38.7 7,959,292 53.6 273,544 1.8 Rhode Island ..................................... 1,264,156 68,680 448 5.4 507,377 40.1 671,445 53.1 16,653 1.3 South Carolina ................................... 4,055,072 343,673 521 8.5 2,087,806 51.5 1,448,682 35.7 174,911 4.3 South Dakota ..................................... 794,256 79,522 558 10.0 282,518 35.6 408,047 51.4 24,168 3.0 Tennessee ......................................... 4,815,833 425,768 477 8.8 2,299,491 47.7 1,751,162 36.4 339,411 7.0 Texas ................................................. 24,179,060 1,845,074 474 7.6 10,675,578 44.2 11,070,763 45.8 587,646 2.4 Utah ................................................... 2,305,397 159,879 331 6.9 1,406,577 61.0 681,185 29.5 57,756 2.5 Vermont ............................................. 861,643 44,752 422 5.2 253,572 29.4 547,924 63.6 15,395 1.8 Virginia ............................................... 7,755,814 405,791 365 5.2 2,432,370 31.4 4,671,063 60.2 246,591 3.2 Washington ........................................ 6,895,693 442,455 446 6.4 4,548,851 66.0 1,682,908 24.4 221,480 3.2 West Virginia ..................................... 2,216,984 204,827 680 9.2 1,389,076 62.7 593,409 26.8 29,671 1.3 Wisconsin .......................................... 7,059,759 316,879 359 4.5 3,789,320 53.7 2,803,968 39.7 149,592 2.1 Wyoming ............................................ 702,001 47,203 486 6.7 330,208 47.0 312,643 44.5 11,948 1.7 Outlying areas American Samoa ............................... 49,677 38,669 2,542 77.8 10,897 21.9 28 0.1 82 0.2 Guam ................................................. 173,339 18,100 558 10.4     151,023 87.1 4,216 2.4 Northern Marianas ............................. 58,239 15,242 1,648 26.2 42,796 73.5 132 0.2 70 0.1 Puerto Rico ........................................ 2,094,025 572,495 928 27.3 1,520,398 72.6 320 ( 2) 811 ( 2) Virgin Islands ..................................... 152,499 27,719 1,252 18.2     124,635 81.7 146 0.1   Not available.

1 Includes revenues from gifts, and tuition and fees from patrons.

2 Less than .05 percent. NOTE: Excludes revenues for state education agencies. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared November 2001.) 181 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 160.   Funds and staff for state education agencies, by source of funding and state: 1992   93 State Funds retained for state administration, by source, in thousands Total state administration funds per student State education agency ( FTE) staff, by source of funds for position Students per state FTE staff Total Federal ( core activities 1 Percent federal State and local Total FTE staff Federally supported ( core activities 1 State and local supported 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States 2 ............................... $ 1,966,453 $ 526,847 26.8 $ 1,439,606 $ 46 28,626 7,054 21,572 1,496 Alabama .............................................. 52,111 13,007 25.0 39,103 71 1,006 127 879 727 Alaska ................................................. 38,461 5,046 13.1 33,414 314 503 44 460 244 Arizona ................................................ 19,315 7,460 38.6 11,856 29 362 175 187 1,862 Arkansas ............................................. 17,561 4,204 23.9 13,356 40 290 74 216 1,522 California ............................................. 148,989 52,316 35.1 96,673 28 1,898 419 1,479 2,768 Colorado ............................................. 21,361 5,991 28.0 15,370 35 223 90 133 2,750 Connecticut ......................................... 139,733 11,433 8.2 128,300 286 2,005 196 1,809 244 Delaware ............................................. 10,949 2,578 23.5 8,371 105 128 44 84 817 District of Columbia ............................                   Florida ................................................. 56,310 25,470 45.2 30,840 28 688 323 366 2,878 Georgia ............................................... 58,632 9,918 16.9 48,714 49 935 147 788 1,291 Hawaii .................................................                   Idaho ................................................... 7,346 2,938 40.0 4,408 32 104 45 59 2,224 Illinois .................................................. 42,854 22,092 51.6 20,762 23 746 317 429 2,511 Indiana ................................................ 29,220 7,339 25.1 21,880 30 309 132 177 3,109 Iowa .................................................... 20,589 9,582 46.5 11,007 42 226 106 120 2,192 Kansas ................................................ 12,701 5,422 42.7 7,279 28 199 83 116 2,269 Kentucky ............................................. 49,745 6,202 12.5 43,542 76 859 105 754 763 Louisiana ............................................. 35,978 13,015 36.2 22,963 45 573 254 320 1,393 Maine 3 ................................................ 17,356 4,248 24.5 13,109 80 207 90 117 1,046 Maryland ............................................. 42,343 8,737 20.6 33,606 56 556 126 430 1,351 Massachusetts .................................... 30,191 13,557 44.9 16,633 35 368 173 195 2,337 Michigan .............................................. 53,743 15,656 29.1 38,088 34 844 256 588 1,899 Minnesota ........................................... 23,730 9,072 38.2 14,658 30 416 129 287 1,908 Mississippi ........................................... 40,892 5,703 13.9 35,190 81 724 144 580 700 Missouri ............................................... 42,860 8,708 20.3 34,152 50 1,448 132 1,317 593 Montana .............................................. 8,070 3,490 43.2 4,581 50 137 52 85 1,168 Nebraska ............................................. 20,624 5,018 24.3 15,607 73 398 75 323 710 Nevada ................................................ 5,305 2,643 49.8 2,662 24 90 47 42 2,491 New Hampshire .................................. 7,889 2,662 33.7 5,226 44 157 60 97 1,154 New Jersey ......................................... 65,111 25,857 39.7 39,254 58 1,001 326 675 1,129 New Mexico ........................................ 10,398 3,753 36.1 6,645 33 216 67 149 1,461 New York ............................................ 181,649 47,866 26.4 133,783 68 2,565 567 1,998 1,049 North Carolina ..................................... 49,298 13,990 28.4 35,308 44 796 144 652 1,399 North Dakota ....................................... 5,683 3,187 56.1 2,496 48 93 52 41 1,277 Ohio .................................................... 32,879 14,741 44.8 18,139 18 511 242 269 3,513 Oklahoma ............................................ 32,178 8,347 25.9 23,831 54 499 98 401 1,196 Oregon ................................................ 61,178 15,822 25.9 45,357 120 418 58 360 1,221 Pennsylvania ....................................... 72,979 19,746 27.1 53,233 42 1,134 237 897 1,515 Rhode Island ....................................... 13,705 4,347 31.7 9,358 95 152 59 93 948 South Carolina .................................... 87,109 9,130 10.5 77,979 136 946 105 841 677 South Dakota ...................................... 7,419 3,988 53.8 3,430 55 102 42 60 1,324 Tennessee .......................................... 36,778 10,525 28.6 26,253 43 456 100 356 1,876 Texas .................................................. 59,560 18,321 30.8 41,238 17 1,013 358 654 3,498 Utah .................................................... 25,763 6,092 23.6 19,671 56 364 62 302 1,273 Vermont .............................................. 7,348 2,672 36.4 4,675 75 143 65 78 689 Virginia ................................................ 29,236 9,830 33.6 19,406 28 371 102 270 2,781 Washington ......................................... 19,472 6,843 35.1 12,629 22 253 88 165 3,542 West Virginia ....................................... 21,188 5,069 23.9 16,119 67 403 113 289 790 Wisconsin ............................................ 87,883 11,377 12.9 76,506 106 692 179 512 1,199 Wyoming ............................................. 4,782 1,837 38.4 2,945 48 100 25 75 1,003   Not available.

1 Core education activities include: Chapter 1; Chapter 2; Special Education; Child Nutrition Vocational Education; Adult Education; AIDS Education; Civil Rights Act; and Homeless Education Programs.

2 Excludes District of Columbia and Hawaii.

3 Excludes State Teacher Retirement Program. NOTE: Excludes funds for schools and school districts. FTE= full time equivalent. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. General Accounting Office, Education Finance, Extent of Federal Funding in State Education Agencies, and U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared September 1996.) 182 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 161.   Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by state: 1969   70 to 2000   01 [ In thousands]

State or other area 1969   70 1979   80 1980   81 1985   86 1988   89 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States ........ $ 34,217,773 $ 86,984,142 $ 94,321,093 $ 137,164,965 $ 173,098,906 $ 188,229,359 $ 202,037,752 $ 211,210,190 $ 220,948,052 Alabama .................... 422,730 1,146,713 1,393,137 1,761,154 2,188,020 2,275,233 2,475,216 2,465,523 2,610,514 Alaska ........................ 81,374 377,947 476,368 818,219 739,020 828,051 854,499 931,869 967,765 Arizona ...................... 281,941 949,753 1,075,362 1,649,832 2,143,148 2,258,660 2,469,543 2,599,586 2,753,504 Arkansas .................... 235,083 666,949 709,394 1,085,943 1,319,370 1,404,545 1,510,092 1,656,201 1,703,621 California ................... 3,831,595 9,172,158 9,936,642 15,040,898 19,417,178 21,485,782 22,748,218 23,696,863 24,219,792 Colorado .................... 369,218 1,243,049 1,369,883 2,018,579 2,324,625 2,451,833 2,642,850 2,754,087 2,919,916 Connecticut ................ 588,710 1,227,892 1,440,881 2,144,094 2,984,542 3,444,520 3,540,411 3,665,505 3,739,497 Delaware ................... 108,747 269,108 270,439 391,558 479,327 520,953 543,933 572,152 600,161 District of Columbia ... 141,138 298,448 295,155 406,910 584,035 639,983 647,901 677,422 670,677 Florida ........................ 961,273 2,766,468 3,336,657 5,092,668 7,245,515 8,228,531 9,045,710 9,314,079 9,661,012 Georgia ...................... 599,371 1,608,028 1,688,714 2,979,980 4,006,069 4,505,962 4,804,225 4,856,583 5,273,143 Hawaii ........................ 141,324 351,889 395,038 575,456 643,319 700,012 827,579 884,591 946,074 Idaho .......................... 103,107 313,927 352,912 492,092 570,013 627,794 708,045 760,440 804,231 Illinois ......................... 1,896,067 4,579,355 4,773,179 6,066,390 7,655,153 8,125,493 8,932,538 9,244,655 9,942,737 Indiana ....................... 809,105 1,851,292 1,898,194 2,851,080 3,779,468 4,074,578 4,379,142 4,544,829 4,797,946 Iowa ........................... 527,086 1,186,659 1,337,504 1,644,359 1,925,623 2,004,742 2,136,561 2,356,196 2,459,141 Kansas ....................... 362,593 830,133 958,281 1,423,225 1,712,260 1,848,302 1,938,012 2,028,440 2,224,080 Kentucky .................... 353,265 1,054,459 1,096,472 1,434,962 1,918,741 2,134,011 2,480,363 2,709,623 2,823,134 Louisiana ................... 503,217 1,303,902 1,767,692 2,333,748 2,468,307 2,838,283 3,023,690 3,188,024 3,199,919 Maine ......................... 155,907 385,492 401,355 688,673 921,931 1,048,195 1,070,965 1,121,360 1,217,418 Maryland .................... 721,794 1,783,056 1,937,159 2,634,209 3,505,018 3,894,644 4,240,862 4,362,679 4,556,266 Massachusetts ........... 907,341 2,638,734 2,794,762 3,403,505 4,516,604 4,760,390 4,906,828 5,035,973 5,281,067 Michigan .................... 1,799,945 4,642,847 5,196,249 6,184,767 7,492,267 8,025,621 8,545,805 9,156,501 9,532,994 Minnesota .................. 781,243 1,786,768 1,900,322 2,637,722 3,282,296 3,474,398 3,740,820 3,936,695 4,135,284 Mississippi ................. 262,760 756,018 716,878 1,058,301 1,365,846 1,472,710 1,510,552 1,536,295 1,600,752 Missouri ..................... 642,030 1,504,988 1,643,258 2,277,576 3,096,666 3,288,738 3,487,786 3,611,613 3,710,426 Montana ..................... 127,176 358,118 380,092 567,901 592,454 641,345 719,963 751,710 785,159 Nebraska ................... 231,612 581,615 629,017 911,983 1,105,009 1,233,431 1,297,643 1,381,290 1,430,039 Nevada ...................... 87,273 281,901 287,752 495,147 628,657 712,898 864,379 962,800 1,035,623 New Hampshire ......... 101,370 295,400 340,518 522,604 733,240 821,671 890,116 927,625 972,963 New Jersey ................ 1,343,564 3,638,533 3,648,914 5,735,895 7,309,147 8,119,336 8,897,612 9,660,899 9,915,482 New Mexico ............... 183,736 515,451 560,213 808,036 975,552 1,020,148 1,134,156 1,212,189 1,240,310 New York ................... 4,111,839 8,760,500 9,259,948 13,686,039 17,127,596 18,090,978 19,514,583 19,781,384 20,898,267 North Carolina ........... 676,193 1,880,862 2,112,417 2,991,747 3,892,971 4,342,826 4,605,384 4,660,027 4,930,823 North Dakota ............. 97,895 228,483 254,197 379,470 431,814 459,391 460,581 491,293 511,095 Ohio ........................... 1,639,805 3,836,576 4,149,858 5,856,999 7,484,434 7,994,379 8,407,428 9,124,731 9,173,393 Oklahoma .................. 339,105 1,055,844 1,193,373 1,740,981 1,833,743 1,905,332 2,107,513 2,268,958 2,442,320 Oregon ....................... 403,844 1,126,812 1,292,624 1,662,372 2,123,241 2,297,944 2,453,934 2,626,803 2,849,009 Pennsylvania ............. 1,912,644 4,584,320 4,955,115 6,750,520 8,579,546 9,496,788 10,087,322 10,371,796 10,944,392 Rhode Island ............. 145,443 362,046 395,389 569,935 747,852 801,908 823,655 865,898 934,815 South Carolina ........... 367,689 997,984 1,006,088 1,708,603 2,118,732 2,322,618 2,494,254 2,564,949 2,690,009 South Dakota ............. 109,375 238,332 242,215 360,832 428,014 447,074 481,304 518,156 553,005 Tennessee ................. 473,226 1,319,303 1,429,938 1,990,889 2,668,341 2,790,808 2,903,209 2,859,755 3,139,223 Texas ......................... 1,518,181 4,997,689 5,310,181 9,642,812 11,761,447 12,763,954 13,695,327 14,709,628 15,121,655 Utah ........................... 179,981 518,251 587,648 906,484 1,043,759 1,130,135 1,235,916 1,296,723 1,376,319 Vermont ..................... 78,921 189,811 224,901 346,164 485,226 546,901 599,018 606,410 616,212 Virginia ....................... 704,677 1,881,519 2,045,412 3,183,707 4,151,050 4,621,071 4,958,213 4,993,480 5,228,326 Washington ................ 699,984 1,825,782 1,791,477 2,702,652 3,209,992 3,550,819 3,906,471 4,259,048 4,679,698 West Virginia ............. 249,404 678,386 754,889 1,164,882 1,202,486 1,316,637 1,473,640 1,503,980 1,626,005 Wisconsin .................. 777,288 1,908,523 2,035,879 2,893,797 3,688,311 3,929,920 4,292,434 4,597,004 4,954,900 Wyoming .................... 69,584 226,067 271,153 488,616 491,930 509,084 521,549 545,870 547,938 Outlying areas American Samoa .......       14,997 22,314 21,838 24,946 26,972 23,636 Guam ......................... 16,652     78,545 94,368 101,130 116,406 132,494 161,477 Northern Marianas .....       12,556 16,118 20,476 26,822 32,498 38,784 Puerto Rico ................     713,000 842,827 1,030,387 1,045,407 1,142,863 1,207,235 1,295,452 Virgin Islands .............       76,751 111,750 128,065 119,950 121,660 120,510 183 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 161.   Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by state: 1969   70 to 2000   01   Continued [ In thousands]

State or other area 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1997   98 1 1998   99 Estimated 1999   2000 2 Estimated 2000   01 2 1 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 United States ...................... $ 231,542,764 $ 243,877,582 $ 255,106,683 $ 270,174,298 $ 285,485,370 $ 302,873,955 3 $ 319,158,261 3 $ 333,828,141 Alabama ................................... 2,809,713 3,026,287 3,240,364 3,436,406 3,633,159 3,880,188 4,127,751 4,334,139 Alaska ...................................... 1,002,515 1,020,675 1,045,022 1,069,379 1,092,750 1,137,610 1,191,230 1,226,966 Arizona ..................................... 2,911,304 3,144,540 3,327,969 3,527,473 3,740,889 3,963,428 4 4,160,096 4 4,257,374 Arkansas .................................. 1,782,645 1,873,595 1,994,748 2,074,113 2,149,237 2,241,244 5 2,334,098 5 2,360,599 California .................................. 25,140,639 25,949,033 27,334,639 29,909,168 32,759,492 34,379,878 4 37,095,936 4 39,026,563 Colorado .................................. 2,954,793 3,232,976 3,360,529 3,577,211 3,886,872 4,140,699 4,255,473 4,408,670 Connecticut .............................. 3,943,891 4,247,328 4,366,123 4,522,718 4,763,653 5,075,581 5,385,000 5,697,000 Delaware .................................. 643,915 694,473 726,241 788,715 830,731 872,786 913,583 1,001,457 District of Columbia ................. 713,427 666,938 679,106 632,952 647,202 693,716 4 777,300 4 807,381 Florida ...................................... 10,331,896 11,019,735 11,480,359 12,018,676 12,737,325 13,534,374 13,991,183 4 14,562,376 Georgia .................................... 5,643,843 6,136,689 6,629,646 7,230,405 7,770,241 8,537,177 5 9,051,555 5 9,359,589 Hawaii ...................................... 998,143 1,028,729 1,040,682 1,057,069 1,112,351 1,143,713 1,160,868 1,178,281 Idaho ........................................ 859,088 951,350 1,019,594 1,090,597 1,153,778 1,239,755 5 1,297,838 5 1,323,127 Illinois ....................................... 10,076,889 10,640,279 10,727,091 11,720,249 12,473,064 13,602,965 5 14,318,395 5 14,726,541 Indiana ..................................... 5,064,685 5,243,761 5,493,653 6,055,055 6,234,563 6,697,468 7,166,000 7,668,000 Iowa ......................................... 2,527,434 2,622,510 2,753,425 2,885,943 3,005,421 3,110,585 3,213,234 3,335,337 Kansas ..................................... 2,325,247 2,406,580 2,488,077 2,568,525 2,684,244 2,841,147 3,008,774 3,189,301 Kentucky .................................. 2,952,119 2,988,892 3,171,495 3,382,062 3,489,205 3,645,631 6 4,010,533 4,256,345 Louisiana .................................. 3,309,018 3,475,926 3,545,832 3,747,508 4,029,139 4,264,981 4,358,424 4,445,592 Maine ....................................... 1,208,411 1,281,706 1,313,759 1,372,571 1,433,175 1,510,024 1,548,708 1,634,197 Maryland .................................. 4,783,023 5,083,380 5,311,207 5,529,309 5,843,685 6,165,934 6,178,289 6,633,866 Massachusetts ......................... 5,637,337 6,062,303 6,435,458 6,846,610 7,381,784 7,948,502 8,499,362 9,050,308 Michigan ................................... 9,816,830 10,440,206 11,137,877 11,686,124 12,003,818 12,785,480 13,245,757 13,722,604 Minnesota ................................ 4,328,093 4,622,930 4,844,879 5,087,353 5,452,571 5,816,329 6,576,231 7,159,543 Mississippi ................................ 1,725,386 1,921,480 2,000,321 2,035,675 2,164,592 2,293,188 6 2,512,308 2,637,923 Missouri .................................... 3,981,614 4,275,217 4,531,192 4,775,931 5,067,720 5,348,366 5,177,929 5,385,046 Montana ................................... 822,015 844,257 868,892 902,252 929,197 955,695 975,630 995,900 Nebraska .................................. 1,513,971 1,594,928 1,648,104 1,707,455 1,743,775 1,821,310 1,913,286 2,017,561 Nevada ..................................... 1,099,685 1,186,132 1,296,629 1,434,395 1,570,576 1,738,009 1,784,925 1,918,795 New Hampshire ....................... 1,007,129 1,053,966 1,114,540 1,173,958 1,241,255 1,316,946 1,461,060 1,536,740 New Jersey .............................. 10,448,096 10,776,982 11,208,558 11,771,941 12,056,560 12,874,579 4 13,658,938 4 14,129,045 New Mexico ............................. 1,323,459 1,441,078 1,517,517 1,557,376 1,659,891 1,788,382 6 1,881,930 2,045,977 New York ................................. 22,059,949 22,989,629 23,522,461 24,237,291 25,332,735 26,885,444 5 28,178,914 5 29,209,562 North Carolina .......................... 5,145,416 5,440,426 5,582,994 5,964,939 6,497,648 7,097,882 6 7,207,191 7,630,436 North Dakota ............................ 522,377 534,632 557,043 577,498 599,443 625,428 6 778,080 809,204 Ohio ......................................... 9,612,678 10,030,956 10,408,022 10,948,074 11,448,722 12,207,147 11,800,000 12,400,000 Oklahoma ................................. 2,680,113 2,763,721 2,804,088 2,990,044 3,138,690 3,332,697 3,716,865 3,717,980 Oregon ..................................... 2,852,723 2,948,539 3,056,801 3,184,100 3,474,714 3,706,044 3,843,000 4,026,000 Pennsylvania ............................ 11,236,417 11,587,027 12,374,073 12,820,704 13,084,859 13,532,211 14,281,000 15,070,000 Rhode Island ............................ 990,094 1,050,969 1,094,185 1,151,888 1,215,595 1,283,859 1,419,479 1,504,648 South Carolina ......................... 2,790,878 2,920,230 3,085,495 3,296,661 3,507,017 3,759,042 4,003,380 4,263,599 South Dakota ........................... 584,894 612,825 610,640 628,753 665,082 696,785 734,713 783,489 Tennessee ............................... 3,305,579 3,540,682 3,728,486 4,145,380 4,409,338 4,638,924 6 5,159,192 4 5,189,243 Texas ....................................... 16,193,722 17,572,269 18,801,462 20,167,238 21,188,676 22,430,153 24,319,431 25,753,029 Utah ......................................... 1,511,205 1,618,047 1,719,782 1,822,725 1,916,688 2,025,714 1,978,731 2,077,668 Vermont ................................... 643,828 665,559 684,864 718,092 749,786 792,664 828,216 886,771 Virginia ..................................... 5,441,384 5,750,318 5,969,608 6,343,768 6,736,863 7,137,421 4 7,517,511 4 7,721,950 Washington .............................. 4,892,690 5,138,928 5,394,507 5,587,803 5,987,060 6,098,036 4 6,404,000 4 6,557,294 West Virginia ............................ 1,663,868 1,758,557 1,806,004 1,847,560 1,905,940 1,986,562 2,087,662 2,157,163 Wisconsin ................................. 5,170,343 5,422,264 5,670,826 5,975,122 6,280,696 6,620,653 6,979,011 7,327,962 Wyoming .................................. 558,353 577,144 581,817 591,488 603,901 651,622 6 690,259 710,000 Outlying areas American Samoa ..................... 25,161 28,643 30,382 33,780 33,088 35,092 4 36,895 4 37,822 Guam ....................................... 160,797 161,434 158,303 156,561 168,716   4 194,156 4 202,155 Northern Marianas ................... 32,824 45,008 44,037 53,140 56,514 50,450 6 53,228 54,558 Puerto Rico .............................. 1,360,762 1,501,485 1,667,640 1,740,074 1,981,603 2,024,499 4 2,111,182 4 2,146,574 Virgin Islands ........................... 120,556 122,094 122,286 122,188 131,315 146,474 146,474 4 154,107   Not available. 1 Data revised from previously published figures. 2 Data estimated by state education agencies unless otherwise indicated. 3 U. S. total includes National Center for Education Statistics estimates for nonreporting states. 4 Estimated by the National Center for Education Statistics. 5 Data include inputations by National Center for Education Statistics for food services and/ or enterprise operations. 6 Actual preliminary count.

NOTE: Beginning in 1980   81, expenditures for state administration are excluded. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems; and Common Core of Data surveys. ( This table was prepared November 2001.) 184 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 162.   Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state: 1998   99 [ In thousands]

State or other area Total expenditures Total Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Current expenditures for public schools Instruction Student support services Total Student support 4 Instructional staff 5 General administration School administration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 United States ........ $ 355,859,449 $ 302,873,955 $ 186,756,251 $ 102,984,961 $ 15,239,907 $ 13,299,688 $ 6,120,740 $ 17,175,997 Alabama .................... 4,626,884 3,880,188 2,400,979 1,210,422 166,526 140,762 104,219 237,210 Alaska ........................ 1,264,525 1,137,610 643,949 456,525 58,958 76,369 57,881 67,174 Arizona ...................... 5,341,305 3,963,428 2,380,620 1,385,289 191,444 114,967 76,834 221,458 Arkansas ................... 2,480,435 2,241,244 1,436,486 649,836 95,067 87,535 73,766 52,553 California ................... 39,973,279 34,379,878 20,972,433 12,034,782 1,790,834 1,729,249 207,722 2,513,028 Colorado .................... 5,024,543 4,140,699 2,410,400 1,581,647 158,596 171,589 67,013 269,118 Connecticut ............... 5,827,005 5,075,581 3,225,862 1,602,041 276,369 162,445 97,816 278,828 Delaware ................... 972,747 872,786 534,174 298,325 40,678 12,653 10,043 49,470 District of Columbia ... 755,576 693,716 314,468 351,290 59,335 98,935 12,309 46,825 Florida ....................... 16,615,626 13,534,374 7,925,242 4,945,464 683,444 812,964 151,878 832,576 Georgia ...................... 10,113,816 8,537,177 5,339,447 2,726,325 412,249 474,475 112,642 510,681 Hawaii ........................ 1,400,063 1,143,713 718,107 350,077 77,903 37,588 7,256 74,965 Idaho ......................... 1,420,733 1,239,755 767,909 417,679 68,225 52,260 30,135 72,969 Illinois ........................ 16,255,656 13,602,965 8,240,926 4,889,281 773,720 536,087 458,073 715,459 Indiana ....................... 8,111,363 6,697,468 4,183,169 2,229,545 291,828 206,426 119,207 377,460 Iowa ........................... 3,521,011 3,110,585 1,828,806 1,048,543 198,621 153,702 89,647 162,200 Kansas ...................... 3,155,418 2,841,147 1,632,547 1,066,511 156,478 130,343 105,258 185,698 Kentucky .................... 3,948,832 3,645,631 2,249,562 1,190,541 135,467 172,884 96,746 208,046 Louisiana ................... 4,801,137 4,264,981 2,576,840 1,343,988 169,484 186,293 91,349 234,233 Maine ......................... 1,642,951 1,510,024 1,015,728 441,736 47,139 44,985 29,762 85,226 Maryland .................... 7,182,797 6,165,934 3,791,102 2,092,027 256,360 334,700 37,248 436,912 Massachusetts .......... 8,368,976 7,948,502 5,295,485 2,406,210 405,269 254,134 158,366 353,541 Michigan .................... 15,604,340 12,785,480 7,432,224 4,980,257 823,394 574,583 306,938 808,357 Minnesota .................. 7,353,993 5,816,329 3,647,489 1,929,556 192,749 327,321 88,927 240,563 Mississippi ................. 2,830,349 2,293,188 1,384,027 746,304 90,589 95,818 71,036 128,930 Missouri ..................... 6,242,701 5,348,366 3,293,321 1,826,265 246,808 223,756 157,786 321,179 Montana .................... 1,052,773 955,695 597,772 318,994 44,102 35,939 29,090 50,623 Nebraska ................... 2,086,536 1,821,310 1,145,752 538,485 73,898 64,765 61,516 91,518 Nevada ...................... 2,301,747 1,738,009 1,040,680 643,224 65,571 69,151 26,115 126,090 New Hampshire ......... 1,430,462 1,316,946 858,974 412,145 71,601 36,143 49,442 73,990 New Jersey ............... 14,250,489 12,874,579 7,705,505 4,790,297 1,062,690 381,918 370,834 712,644 New Mexico ............... 2,116,905 1,788,382 1,015,367 686,625 162,053 87,897 48,345 93,308 New York ................... 30,357,364 26,885,444 18,227,087 7,930,135 997,953 724,357 565,464 1,108,114 North Carolina ........... 8,712,151 7,097,882 4,458,396 2,220,444 366,070 254,854 147,209 474,763 North Dakota ............. 711,740 625,428 382,138 192,382 22,007 16,403 30,289 29,831 Ohio ........................... 14,006,167 12,207,147 7,198,914 4,565,168 622,258 673,098 287,163 721,527 Oklahoma .................. 3,668,577 3,332,697 2,000,616 1,116,721 191,951 100,727 118,462 175,052 Oregon ...................... 4,173,853 3,706,044 2,195,694 1,383,787 179,456 195,824 85,110 233,680 Pennsylvania ............. 16,343,516 13,532,211 8,575,108 4,453,339 622,772 485,729 403,535 599,413 Rhode Island ............. 1,341,549 1,283,859 851,859 396,871 83,602 51,750 26,658 62,829 South Carolina .......... 4,612,674 3,759,042 2,242,844 1,292,082 247,162 217,591 50,068 231,424 South Dakota ............ 840,515 696,785 424,211 235,257 36,643 25,970 24,383 36,854 Tennessee ................. 5,432,316 4,638,924 3,032,953 1,372,663 154,165 248,593 88,931 240,764 Texas ......................... 27,496,479 22,430,153 13,571,196 7,671,526 1,083,912 1,191,090 402,609 1,244,078 Utah ........................... 2,536,260 2,025,714 1,328,807 574,738 67,306 86,421 21,548 118,955 Vermont ..................... 853,705 792,664 512,432 258,060 50,953 25,846 21,851 53,373 Virginia ...................... 8,376,912 7,137,421 4,340,680 2,423,409 342,628 414,716 70,659 425,557 Washington ............... 7,449,610 6,098,036 3,646,974 2,154,875 409,600 286,716 130,139 296,933 West Virginia ............. 2,207,537 1,986,562 1,230,925 638,769 64,389 54,535 50,317 111,145 Wisconsin .................. 7,928,144 6,620,653 4,138,977 2,277,038 311,494 331,548 177,293 340,510 Wyoming ................... 735,411 651,622 391,091 237,459 38,136 25,286 13,853 38,367 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 43,864 35,092 15,014 13,238 4,711 2,506 608 1,875 Guam .........................                 Northern Marianas .... 55,463 50,450 40,667 6,456 190 24 5,999 0 Puerto Rico ............... 2,090,530 2,024,499 1,386,049 406,614 65,900 19,467 41,280 0 Virgin Islands ............. 152,211 146,474 89,700 49,828 9,532 6,236 8,672 5,688 185 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 162.   Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state: 1998   99   Continued [ In thousands]

State or other area Total expenditures Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Other current expenditures 1 Capital outlay 2 Interest on school debt Student support services Food services Enterprise operations 3 Operation and maintenance Student transportation Other support services 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 United States ........ $ 29,383,542 $ 11,982,509 $ 9,782,578 $ 12,262,012 $ 870,731 $ 5,262,613 $ 39,526,645 $ 8,196,236 Alabama .................... 322,180 162,239 77,287 268,786 0 171,898 518,782 56,016 Alaska ........................ 153,257 40,575 2,311 31,727 5,409 4,925 104,780 17,210 Arizona ...................... 453,182 134,737 192,667 171,701 25,818 28,041 1,342,733 7,103 Arkansas ................... 210,317 90,178 40,420 133,189 21,732 15,724 175,046 48,421 California ................... 3,395,541 886,406 1,512,002 1,362,268 10,394 663,236 4,688,499 241,666 Colorado .................... 385,775 122,234 407,321 136,659 11,993 38,260 628,792 216,791 Connecticut ............... 451,985 225,124 109,474 138,962 108,717 96,314 533,001 122,109 Delaware ................... 91,907 48,615 44,960 40,287 0 14,516 73,511 11,934 District of Columbia ... 80,096 28,488 25,302 27,958 0 1,784 43,842 16,235 Florida ....................... 1,475,807 564,554 424,241 663,668 0 459,476 2,099,396 522,379 Georgia ...................... 685,685 311,183 219,409 464,880 6,524 44,952 1,354,965 176,722 Hawaii ........................ 100,916 20,731 30,718 75,529 0 32,952 183,164 40,235 Idaho ......................... 115,051 56,220 22,819 54,167 0 3,507 148,922 28,549 Illinois ........................ 1,404,090 624,746 377,108 472,759 0 121,406 2,241,468 289,817 Indiana ....................... 720,014 355,968 158,643 284,755 0 53,115 813,218 547,562 Iowa ........................... 258,157 96,550 89,665 138,412 94,824 21,400 340,189 48,837 Kansas ...................... 297,631 115,328 75,776 142,090 0 3,089 226,510 84,673 Kentucky .................... 317,778 179,780 79,840 205,528 0 44,661 179,613 78,926 Louisiana ................... 356,503 222,082 84,044 290,415 53,738 17,627 418,660 99,868 Maine ......................... 142,021 66,769 25,836 52,508 51 16,550 83,417 32,961 Maryland .................... 574,526 301,689 150,593 189,185 93,621 20,903 928,053 67,906 Massachusetts .......... 713,594 356,282 165,024 246,807 0 83,754 154,450 182,270 Michigan .................... 1,358,512 514,848 593,625 372,999 0 320,671 2,034,936 463,254 Minnesota .................. 481,708 316,332 281,957 239,284 0 279,907 985,825 271,932 Mississippi ................. 229,799 92,344 37,788 162,303 554 16,001 467,260 53,901 Missouri ..................... 512,893 273,187 90,657 228,780 0 105,770 615,064 173,501 Montana .................... 96,651 41,402 21,187 38,139 790 6,426 79,177 11,475 Nebraska ................... 160,088 51,298 35,404 74,646 62,427 2,631 228,909 33,686 Nevada ...................... 170,011 69,629 116,658 54,105 0 11,776 449,203 102,758 New Hampshire ......... 110,295 58,421 12,253 45,827 0 3,305 84,178 26,033 New Jersey ............... 1,319,881 674,909 267,422 319,721 59,057 165,775 1,003,338 206,797 New Mexico ............... 177,066 89,682 28,273 85,053 1,337 10,971 286,883 30,669 New York ................... 2,439,996 1,348,261 745,989 728,221 0 1,010,219 1,787,147 674,555 North Carolina ........... 564,587 254,225 158,738 419,042 0 54,456 1,367,815 191,999 North Dakota ............. 53,081 27,462 13,310 31,066 19,842 4,800 73,784 7,728 Ohio ........................... 1,140,213 285,098 835,810 439,540 3,525 369,125 1,208,148 221,747 Oklahoma .................. 345,276 101,466 83,786 183,295 32,065 10,464 290,924 34,491 Oregon ...................... 359,698 150,863 179,156 120,451 6,112 25,653 342,512 99,643 Pennsylvania ............. 1,345,381 634,077 362,433 480,510 23,253 325,740 1,862,114 623,451 Rhode Island ............. 101,507 52,875 17,650 35,129 0 7,885 29,026 20,779 South Carolina .......... 340,626 114,653 90,559 205,459 18,657 45,706 708,276 99,649 South Dakota ............ 66,778 24,865 19,766 35,840 1,476 1,454 125,967 16,309 Tennessee ................. 419,748 157,887 62,574 233,308 0 24,753 670,141 98,497 Texas ......................... 2,446,417 586,383 717,036 1,187,430 0 157,648 3,955,227 953,452 Utah ........................... 182,391 58,701 39,416 110,589 11,579 59,763 372,519 78,265 Vermont ..................... 62,409 26,719 16,910 21,521 652 2,272 44,142 14,626 Virginia ...................... 707,392 309,694 152,763 274,129 99,203 131,782 920,445 187,264 Washington ............... 604,203 239,208 188,077 199,490 96,698 33,210 1,046,791 271,573 West Virginia ............. 205,667 126,321 26,395 116,821 47 29,321 177,663 13,992 Wisconsin .................. 600,434 264,472 251,286 204,560 78 85,286 956,796 265,409 Wyoming ................... 74,823 26,750 20,244 22,514 558 1,753 71,424 10,612 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 1,516 583 1,439 6,840 0 2,965 5,807 0 Guam .........................                 Northern Marianas .... 79 88 75 3,327 0 230 4,784 0 Puerto Rico ............... 195,885 34,981 49,101 231,835 0 43,518 3,868 18,645 Virgin Islands ............. 9,073 5,348 5,279 6,848 98 1,737 4,000 0   Not available. 1 Includes expenditures for adult education, community colleges, private school programs funded by local and state education agencies, and community services. 2 Includes expenditures for property and for building and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. 3 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services ( e. g., school bookstore or computer time). 4 Includes expenditures for health, attendance, and speech pathology services. 5 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared May 2001.) 186 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 163.   Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state: 1997   98 [ In thousands]

State or other area Total expenditures Total Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Current expenditures for public schools Instruction Student support services Total Student support 4 Instructional staff 5 General administration School administration 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 United States ........ $ 334,315,020 $ 285,485,370 $ 176,521,719 $ 96,474,833 $ 14,203,217 $ 11,975,351 $ 5,870,508 $ 16,172,593 Alabama .................... 4,253,187 3,633,159 2,219,708 1,157,714 147,595 140,321 100,421 220,744 Alaska ........................ 1,211,263 1,092,750 621,299 434,336 55,566 64,582 59,221 66,795 Arizona ...................... 4,836,602 3,740,889 2,163,072 1,350,296 166,448 122,555 150,177 194,962 Arkansas ................... 2,382,510 2,149,237 1,362,690 635,730 94,234 84,877 72,674 50,854 California ................... 37,963,799 32,759,492 20,033,782 11,412,151 1,695,483 1,551,735 186,389 2,414,133 Colorado .................... 4,702,068 3,886,872 2,247,424 1,498,236 149,679 160,538 65,429 253,594 Connecticut ............... 5,360,422 4,763,653 3,031,206 1,504,057 255,820 149,454 92,437 262,770 Delaware ................... 920,608 830,731 514,269 275,908 38,064 11,614 8,841 46,799 District of Columbia ... 717,050 647,202 283,484 339,974 76,532 62,995 25,147 35,313 Florida ....................... 15,489,121 12,737,325 7,500,075 4,606,310 624,682 740,283 142,553 790,498 Georgia ...................... 9,002,447 7,770,241 4,833,424 2,492,010 369,716 432,611 105,456 482,381 Hawaii ........................ 1,302,860 1,112,351 712,023 328,520 58,092 36,144 5,081 74,853 Idaho ......................... 1,353,036 1,153,778 717,677 385,470 62,570 38,150 32,190 68,219 Illinois ........................ 14,961,549 12,473,064 7,568,726 4,472,681 699,574 535,203 351,552 671,071 Indiana ....................... 7,565,185 6,234,563 3,897,221 2,061,399 267,544 186,098 111,595 347,453 Iowa ........................... 3,395,593 3,005,421 1,842,537 1,017,529 190,705 143,104 87,968 155,056 Kansas ...................... 2,972,972 2,684,244 1,546,598 1,002,331 148,838 113,079 103,116 178,907 Kentucky .................... 3,759,844 3,489,205 2,133,659 1,153,036 127,885 169,656 106,624 184,275 Louisiana ................... 4,455,609 4,029,139 2,415,114 1,279,565 158,157 170,558 97,256 220,714 Maine ......................... 1,563,869 1,433,175 964,342 417,833 43,394 41,347 27,605 81,637 Maryland .................... 6,511,446 5,843,685 3,661,049 1,901,323 238,374 256,756 32,372 391,347 Massachusetts .......... 7,740,557 7,381,784 4,899,352 2,240,641 361,589 236,443 157,579 325,588 Michigan .................... 14,508,276 12,003,818 7,044,614 4,604,271 764,157 525,738 260,692 756,139 Minnesota .................. 6,808,821 5,452,571 3,423,447 1,804,163 174,989 284,310 83,155 227,466 Mississippi ................. 2,554,589 2,164,592 1,327,436 682,395 80,324 90,020 66,964 121,796 Missouri ..................... 5,876,065 5,067,720 3,108,316 1,740,933 226,426 207,321 154,554 306,426 Montana .................... 1,031,934 929,197 580,901 310,256 43,318 32,795 29,410 49,601 Nebraska ................... 1,971,715 1,743,775 1,096,002 517,114 69,940 60,614 62,252 88,761 Nevada ...................... 2,032,499 1,570,576 944,837 575,767 61,108 54,461 23,383 114,334 New Hampshire ......... 1,369,985 1,241,255 810,097 387,656 67,414 35,991 43,292 69,502 New Jersey ............... 13,442,330 12,056,560 7,293,294 4,398,670 959,312 343,163 355,197 645,358 New Mexico ............... 1,966,188 1,659,891 949,678 629,290 144,256 78,689 43,734 83,791 New York ................... 29,879,111 25,332,735 17,220,209 7,412,444 951,018 639,995 535,309 1,037,932 North Carolina ........... 7,858,020 6,497,648 4,072,780 2,015,605 327,403 236,028 129,024 421,994 North Dakota ............. 668,209 599,443 367,111 183,738 19,090 14,702 28,887 28,549 Ohio ........................... 13,154,497 11,448,722 6,752,805 4,267,606 583,726 623,474 282,367 671,772 Oklahoma .................. 3,459,677 3,138,690 1,860,769 1,085,992 178,959 97,083 121,846 175,939 Oregon ...................... 3,937,825 3,474,714 2,072,977 1,281,385 180,695 142,813 71,904 227,190 Pennsylvania ............. 15,723,939 13,084,859 8,338,422 4,261,130 600,437 437,749 382,292 581,984 Rhode Island ............. 1,268,204 1,215,595 815,847 366,562 75,207 43,011 26,190 58,608 South Carolina .......... 4,260,086 3,507,017 2,087,547 1,202,316 227,878 199,192 47,422 219,021 South Dakota ............ 792,448 665,082 409,201 218,910 26,404 22,488 19,042 37,296 Tennessee ................. 5,021,961 4,409,338 2,867,088 1,318,057 141,597 237,856 91,012 227,501 Texas ......................... 25,690,633 21,188,676 13,013,001 7,052,149 990,045 978,990 415,016 1,177,745 Utah ........................... 2,396,340 1,916,688 1,265,282 541,639 68,496 73,774 19,084 111,697 Vermont ..................... 829,696 749,786 486,174 240,947 45,209 22,998 21,559 50,023 Virginia ...................... 7,837,596 6,736,863 4,108,526 2,275,431 320,125 384,781 68,914 401,260 Washington ............... 7,266,028 5,987,060 3,521,141 2,185,775 486,722 280,496 134,685 287,587 West Virginia ............. 2,139,256 1,905,940 1,181,952 610,863 62,016 52,326 50,144 106,869 Wisconsin .................. 7,442,064 6,280,696 3,966,885 2,120,618 262,941 305,274 168,152 331,842 Wyoming ................... 705,430 603,901 366,647 216,104 33,463 21,118 13,341 36,650 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 39,536 33,088 14,030 11,307 3,871 2,169 590 1,839 Guam ......................... 168,864 168,716 88,743 65,623 17,133 2,789 1,663 8,678 Northern Marianas .... 58,154 56,514 43,060 7,400 82 72 6,740 0 Puerto Rico ............... 2,021,108 1,981,603 1,385,170 383,723 61,976 28,559 17,284 0 Virgin Islands ............. 137,378 131,315 78,688 45,864 9,012 6,937 8,411 5,246 187 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 163.   Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and state: 1997   98   Continued [ In thousands]

State or other area Total expenditures Current expenditures for elementary and secondary programs Other current expenditures 1 Capital outlay 2 Interest on school debt Student support services Food services Enterprise operations 3 Operation and maintenance Student transportation Other support services 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 United States ........ $ 27,952,899 $ 11,465,658 $ 8,834,605 $ 11,716,741 $ 772,077 $ 4,884,115 $ 36,168,090 $ 7,777,445 Alabama .................... 318,060 153,941 76,632 255,738 0 103,049 464,941 52,039 Alaska ........................ 148,134 37,752 2,285 31,919 5,195 5,203 94,036 19,273 Arizona ...................... 418,858 154,414 142,881 180,773 46,748 39,396 782,874 273,442 Arkansas ................... 206,792 88,249 38,049 128,808 22,009 13,128 170,680 49,464 California ................... 3,235,743 855,707 1,472,961 1,303,737 9,822 603,058 4,413,964 187,285 Colorado .................... 385,382 116,207 367,408 131,924 9,288 23,346 625,711 166,138 Connecticut ............... 433,559 214,915 95,102 128,477 99,913 89,769 393,420 113,580 Delaware ................... 80,409 47,711 42,471 40,553 0 14,443 63,209 12,226 District of Columbia ... 96,131 23,219 20,636 23,744 0 3,389 59,891 6,568 Florida ....................... 1,389,206 537,922 381,166 630,939 0 428,230 1,955,197 368,369 Georgia ...................... 622,910 287,713 191,222 439,137 5,671 43,564 1,023,052 165,590 Hawaii ........................ 99,849 20,147 34,353 71,809 0 32,421 122,344 35,744 Idaho ......................... 112,222 52,709 19,410 50,631 0 3,166 165,700 30,392 Illinois ........................ 1,287,251 578,535 349,496 431,657 0 112,211 1,983,418 392,855 Indiana ....................... 672,192 337,456 139,060 275,943 0 47,385 775,837 507,401 Iowa ........................... 257,418 91,481 91,797 134,454 10,901 18,111 325,901 46,159 Kansas ...................... 288,223 110,287 59,880 135,315 0 3,200 200,487 85,041 Kentucky .................... 315,701 177,706 71,190 202,509 0 43,038 158,000 69,602 Louisiana ................... 347,892 215,981 69,006 283,275 51,186 17,187 310,114 99,169 Maine ......................... 134,807 64,992 24,051 50,950 50 16,677 80,035 33,983 Maryland .................... 558,606 289,648 134,219 182,178 99,135 21,101 570,331 76,329 Massachusetts .......... 685,180 329,775 144,487 241,792 0 74,128 143,271 141,374 Michigan .................... 1,270,308 496,342 530,895 354,933 0 301,738 1,784,442 418,278 Minnesota .................. 463,496 303,436 267,312 224,961 0 256,272 870,072 229,907 Mississippi ................. 198,675 89,940 34,678 154,154 607 15,599 334,036 40,363 Missouri ..................... 492,936 274,288 78,983 218,471 0 104,760 555,460 148,126 Montana .................... 94,555 40,637 19,941 37,045 996 6,517 84,360 11,861 Nebraska ................... 154,335 49,410 31,801 69,726 60,933 3,006 195,257 29,676 Nevada ...................... 156,292 62,529 103,661 49,972 0 11,117 340,992 109,813 New Hampshire ......... 105,291 55,057 11,108 43,501 0 3,255 94,624 30,851 New Jersey ............... 1,238,018 620,482 237,140 304,207 60,389 152,276 1,048,357 185,138 New Mexico ............... 167,977 85,709 25,135 79,755 1,168 9,276 268,449 28,573 New York ................... 2,273,966 1,269,761 704,464 700,082 0 997,765 2,894,218 654,393 North Carolina ........... 530,537 239,886 130,733 409,263 0 51,067 1,078,480 230,826 North Dakota ............. 52,357 28,524 11,629 30,143 18,451 4,750 56,900 7,116 Ohio ........................... 1,087,701 293,978 724,589 425,007 3,304 351,005 1,130,198 224,572 Oklahoma .................. 338,420 100,758 72,986 161,992 29,938 9,370 281,077 30,539 Oregon ...................... 355,994 141,770 161,018 115,007 5,345 19,112 356,105 87,894 Pennsylvania ............. 1,300,242 605,726 352,701 465,755 19,552 309,519 1,671,199 658,362 Rhode Island ............. 97,651 50,157 15,739 33,186 0 7,087 25,185 20,338 South Carolina .......... 317,973 107,987 82,843 198,017 19,137 42,070 619,024 91,975 South Dakota ............ 66,481 24,563 22,636 34,423 2,548 974 111,261 15,130 Tennessee ................. 411,647 150,516 57,927 224,193 0 22,172 494,962 95,488 Texas ......................... 2,352,424 574,831 563,098 1,123,527 0 132,534 3,568,199 801,224 Utah ........................... 177,180 55,287 36,121 103,713 6,055 56,239 355,873 67,540 Vermont ..................... 60,668 24,899 15,591 22,024 640 2,258 63,540 14,112 Virginia ...................... 669,244 295,995 135,112 261,147 91,760 140,543 784,985 175,204 Washington ............... 584,794 232,453 179,037 189,096 91,049 30,915 992,988 255,065 West Virginia ............. 191,567 121,145 26,796 112,938 186 28,007 191,060 14,250 Wisconsin .................. 576,211 258,297 217,901 193,092 101 58,227 946,518 156,623 Wyoming ................... 71,434 24,828 15,269 21,150 0 1,488 87,855 12,185 Outlying areas American Samoa ....... 868 707 1,263 7,751 0 2,831 3,617 0 Guam ......................... 20,837 7,863 6,660 10,775 3,575 56 92 0 Northern Marianas .... 155 291 60 3,335 2,718 450 1,190 0 Puerto Rico ............... 196,202 36,878 42,823 212,710 0 36,454 3,051 0 Virgin Islands ............. 5,726 5,411 5,121 6,241 522 2,336 3,727 0 1 Includes expenditures for adult education, community colleges, private school programs funded by local and state education agencies, and community services. 2 Includes expenditures for property and for building and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors. 3 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services ( e. g., school bookstore or computer time). Also, includes small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts 4 Includes expenditures for health, attendance, and speech pathology services. 5 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared November 2001.) 188 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 164.   Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: 1919   20 to 1998   99 Purpose of expenditures 1919   20 1929   30 1939   40 1949   50 1959   60 1969   70 1979   80 1989   90 1997   98 1 1998   99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Amounts in thousands of dollars Total expenditures ....................... $ 1,036,151 $ 2,316,790 $ 2,344,049 $ 5,837,643 $ 15,613,255 $ 40,683,429 $ 95,961,561 $ 212,769,564 $ 334,315,020 $ 355,859,449 Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education ....... 861,120 1,843,552 1,941,799 4,687,274 12,329,389 34,217,773 86,984,142 188,229,359 285,485,370 302,873,955 Administration ................. 36,752 78,680 91,571 220,050 528,408 1,606,646 4,263,757 2 16,346,991 2 22,043,102 2 23,296,737 Instruction ....................... 632,556 1,317,727 1,403,285 3,112,340 8,350,738 23,270,158 53,257,937 2 113,550,405 2 176,521,719 2 186,756,251 Plant operation ................ 115,707 216,072 194,365 427,587 1,085,036 2,537,257 3 9,744,785 2 20,261,415 2 27,952,899 2 29,383,542 Plant maintenance .......... 30,432 78,810 73,321 214,164 422,586 974,941 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) Fixed charges ................. 9,286 50,270 50,116 261,469 909,323 3,266,920 11,793,934       Other school services 4 ... 36,387 101,993 129,141 451,663 1,033,297 2,561,856 7,923,729 2 38,070,548 2 58,967,650 2 63,437,425 Other current expenditures .... 3,277 9,825 13,367 35,614 132,566 635,803 597,585 2,982,543 4,884,115 5,262,613 Summer schools ............. ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) 13,263 106,481 24,753       Adult education 5 ............. 3,277 9,825 13,367 35,614 26,858 128,778         Community colleges ....... ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) 34,492 138,813         Community services ....... ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 57,953 261,731 572,832       Capital outlay 6 ....................... 153,543 370,878 257,974 1,014,176 2,661,786 4,659,072 6,506,167 17,781,342 36,168,090 39,526,645 Interest on school debt .......... 18,212 92,536 130,909 100,578 489,514 1,170,782 1,873,666 3,776,321 7,777,445 8,196,236 Percentage distribution Total expenditures ....................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Current expenditures for public elementary and secondary education ....... 83.1 79.6 82.8 80.3 79.0 84.1 90.6 88.5 85.4 85.1 Administration ................. 3.5 3.4 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.9 4.4 2 7.7 2 6.6 2 6.5 Instruction ....................... 61.0 56.9 59.9 53.3 53.5 57.2 55.5 2 53.4 2 52.8 2 52.5 Plant operation ................ 11.2 9.3 8.3 7.3 6.9 6.2 3 10.2 2 9.5 2 8.4 2 8.3 Plant maintenance .......... 2.9 3.4 3.1 3.7 2.7 2.4 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) Fixed charges ................. 0.9 2.2 2.1 4.5 5.8 8.0 12.3       Other school services 4 ... 3.5 4.4 5.5 7.7 6.6 6.3 8.3 17.9 17.6 17.8 Other current expenditures .... 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.6 0.6 1.4 1.5 1.5 Summer schools ............. ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) 0.1 0.3 ( 7)       Adult education 5 ............. 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.3         Community colleges ....... ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) 0.2 0.3         Community services ....... ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) 0.4 0.6 0.6       Capital outlay 6 ........................ 14.8 16.0 11.0 17.4 17.0 11.5 6.8 8.4 10.8 11.1 Interest on school debt ........... 1.8 4.0 5.6 1.7 3.1 2.9 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.3   Not available. 1 Revised from previously published data. 2 Data not comparable to figures prior to 1989   90. 3 Plant operation also includes plant maintenance. 4 Prior to 1959   60, items included under `` other school services'' were listed under `` auxiliary services,'' a more comprehensive classification that also included community services. 5 Prior to 1959   60, data shown for adult education represent combined expenditures for adult education, summer schools, and community colleges. 6 Prior to 1969   70, excludes capital outlay by state and local school housing authorities 7 Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959   60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Beginning in 1989   90, state administration expenditures were excluded from both `` total'' and `` current'' expenditures Beginning in 1989   90, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems; and Common Core of Data surveys. ( This table was prepared November 2001.) 189 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 165.   Total expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by function and subfunction: 1990   91 to 1998   99 Items Expenditures ( in thousands) Percentage distribution 1990   91 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1997   98 1 1998   99 1990   91 1994   95 1995   96 1996   97 1997   98 1 1998   99 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total expenditures ........................ $ 229,429,715 $ 279,000,318 $ 293,646,490 $ 313,151,046 $ 334,315,020 $ 355,859,449 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2)

Current expenditures for public schools ......................... 202,037,752 243,877,582 255,106,683 270,174,298 285,485,370 302,873,955 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Salaries ................................... 3 132,730,931 158,914,976 165,806,160 175,027,817 185,562,032 196,647,794 65.70 65.16 64.99 64.78 65.00 64.93 Employee benefits .................. 3 33,954,456 43,107,541 44,786,697 47,114,573 48,052,788 50,190,897 16.81 17.68 17.56 17.44 16.83 16.57 Purchased services ................ 3 16,380,643 20,643,153 21,579,562 23,043,447 24,603,876 27,106,561 8.11 8.46 8.46 8.53 8.62 8.95 Tuition ..................................... 3 1,192,505 1,476,697 1,590,468 1,647,913 1,841,703 2,224,354 0.59 0.61 0.62 0.61 0.65 0.73 Supplies .................................. 3 14,805,956 17,362,430 18,756,157 20,389,846 22,667,152 23,588,785 7.33 7.12 7.35 7.55 7.94 7.79 Other ....................................... 3 2,973,261 2,372,785 2,587,639 2,950,702 2,757,819 3,115,563 1.47 0.97 1.01 1.09 0.97 1.03 Instruction ............................... 122,223,362 150,556,118 157,473,978 167,148,760 176,521,719 186,756,251 60.50 61.73 61.73 61.87 61.83 61.66 Salaries ............................... 90,742,284 109,702,815 114,580,985 121,173,303 128,329,486 135,570,688 44.91 44.98 44.91 44.85 44.95 44.76 Employee benefits .............. 22,347,524 29,190,486 30,299,566 31,977,911 32,628,651 34,033,307 11.06 11.97 11.88 11.84 11.43 11.24 Purchased services ............. 2,722,639 3,823,789 3,825,111 4,303,176 4,856,464 5,498,994 1.35 1.57 1.50 1.59 1.70 1.82 Tuition ................................. 1,192,505 1,476,697 1,590,468 1,647,913 1,841,703 2,224,354 0.59 0.61 0.62 0.61 0.65 0.73 Supplies .............................. 4,584,754 5,764,061 6,513,488 7,132,494 8,175,671 8,593,120 2.27 2.36 2.55 2.64 2.86 2.84 Other ................................... 633,656 598,269 664,360 913,963 689,745 835,787 0.31 0.25 0.26 0.34 0.24 0.28 Student support 4 .................... 8,926,010 11,679,127 12,266,136 13,156,181 14,203,217 15,239,907 4.42 4.79 4.81 4.87 4.98 5.03 Salaries ............................... 6,565,965 8,519,771 8,885,707 9,514,899 10,336,316 11,010,542 3.25 3.49 3.48 3.52 3.62 3.64 Employee benefits .............. 1,660,082 2,212,775 2,307,480 2,469,665 2,540,297 2,707,433 0.82 0.91 0.90 0.91 0.89 0.89 Purchased services ............. 455,996 657,236 687,300 786,238 869,043 1,042,862 0.23 0.27 0.27 0.29 0.30 0.34 Supplies .............................. 191,482 238,876 247,262 271,861 333,256 351,480 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 Other ................................... 52,485 50,469 138,387 113,518 124,305 127,590 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 Instructional staff services 5 .... 8,467,142 9,654,676 10,070,241 10,902,511 11,975,351 13,299,688 4.19 3.96 3.95 4.04 4.19 4.39 Salaries ............................... 5,560,129 6,162,669 6,418,530 6,864,925 7,473,475 8,212,069 2.75 2.53 2.52 2.54 2.62 2.71 Employee benefits .............. 1,408,217 1,638,271 1,719,377 1,808,095 1,901,615 2,032,524 0.70 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 0.67 Purchased services ............. 622,487 898,500 925,403 1,117,153 1,305,027 1,539,306 0.31 0.37 0.36 0.41 0.46 0.51 Supplies .............................. 776,863 872,394 918,189 1,019,998 1,130,937 1,294,956 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.43 Other ................................... 99,445 82,842 88,743 92,340 164,296 220,834 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.07 General administration ........... 5,791,253 5,731,420 5,878,493 6,045,512 5,870,508 6,120,740 2.87 2.35 2.30 2.24 2.06 2.02 Salaries ............................... 2,603,562 2,808,090 2,901,172 2,964,163 2,805,887 2,928,027 1.29 1.15 1.14 1.10 0.98 0.97 Employee benefits .............. 777,381 844,267 828,483 889,654 817,672 862,296 0.38 0.35 0.32 0.33 0.29 0.28 Purchased services ............. 1,482,427 1,563,558 1,626,178 1,631,620 1,679,809 1,757,862 0.73 0.64 0.64 0.60 0.59 0.58 Supplies .............................. 172,898 177,448 185,831 191,821 180,464 173,157 0.09 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 Other ................................... 754,985 338,056 336,828 368,254 386,677 399,398 0.37 0.14 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.13 School administration ............. 11,695,344 14,146,428 14,831,159 15,557,544 16,172,593 17,175,997 5.79 5.80 5.81 5.76 5.66 5.67 Salaries ............................... 8,935,903 10,680,024 11,156,460 11,703,253 12,230,104 13,007,594 4.42 4.38 4.37 4.33 4.28 4.29 Employee benefits .............. 2,257,783 2,796,440 2,963,991 3,086,808 3,107,078 3,237,962 1.12 1.15 1.16 1.14 1.09 1.07 Purchased services ............. 247,750 358,651 384,908 419,889 457,449 502,354 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.17 Supplies .............................. 189,711 243,681 256,857 280,176 298,535 335,854 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 Other ................................... 64,197 67,632 68,943 67,419 79,427 92,233 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 Operation and maintenance ... 21,290,655 24,542,922 25,724,062 26,837,270 27,952,899 29,383,542 10.54 10.06 10.08 9.93 9.79 9.70 Salaries ............................... 8,849,559 10,117,056 10,454,854 10,862,220 11,387,631 12,043,657 4.38 4.15 4.10 4.02 3.99 3.98 Employee benefits .............. 2,633,075 3,027,306 3,129,632 3,225,659 3,237,453 3,356,546 1.30 1.24 1.23 1.19 1.13 1.11 Purchased services ............. 5,721,125 7,261,776 7,698,704 7,944,475 7,758,819 8,379,725 2.83 2.98 3.02 2.94 2.72 2.77 Supplies .............................. 3,761,738 3,927,664 4,214,201 4,578,783 5,355,989 5,383,371 1.86 1.61 1.65 1.69 1.88 1.78 Other ................................... 325,157 209,120 226,670 226,132 213,007 220,242 0.16 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.07 Transportation ......................... 8,678,954 9,889,034 10,396,426 10,989,809 11,465,658 11,982,509 4.30 4.05 4.08 4.07 4.02 3.96 Salaries ............................... 3,285,127 3,775,214 3,933,969 4,133,895 4,350,345 4,571,334 1.63 1.55 1.54 1.53 1.52 1.51 Employee benefits .............. 892,985 1,138,485 1,207,961 1,288,101 1,284,889 1,337,494 0.44 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.45 0.44 Purchased services ............. 3,345,232 4,016,400 4,257,805 4,513,187 4,828,819 5,129,769 1.66 1.65 1.67 1.67 1.69 1.69 Supplies .............................. 961,447 800,344 836,450 879,912 872,326 830,176 0.48 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.31 0.27 Other ................................... 194,163 158,590 160,239 174,714 129,279 113,737 0.10 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04 Other support services 6 ......... 5,587,837 6,708,262 7,039,408 7,553,988 8,834,605 9,782,578 2.77 2.75 2.76 2.80 3.09 3.23 Salaries ............................... 2,900,394 3,286,071 3,450,836 3,662,866 4,320,146 4,762,622 1.44 1.35 1.35 1.36 1.51 1.57 Employee benefits .............. 980,859 1,136,286 1,182,229 1,202,286 1,315,716 1,382,938 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.45 0.46 0.46 Purchased services ............. 798,922 1,262,449 1,362,961 1,472,586 1,937,341 2,223,785 0.40 0.52 0.53 0.55 0.68 0.73 Supplies .............................. 294,527 372,852 398,534 448,945 517,132 540,694 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.18 Other ................................... 613,135 650,604 644,849 767,305 744,270 872,539 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.28 0.26 0.29 Food services ......................... 8,430,490 10,268,542 10,648,844 11,268,577 11,716,741 12,262,012 4.17 4.21 4.17 4.17 4.10 4.05 Salaries ...............................   3,697,705 3,844,285 3,975,765 4,134,433 4,351,776   1.52 1.51 1.47 1.45 1.44 Employee benefits ..............   1,081,221 1,103,433 1,133,363 1,182,427 1,205,887   0.44 0.43 0.42 0.41 0.40 Purchased services .............   629,266 627,902 694,803 744,078 824,230   0.26 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.27 Supplies ..............................   4,718,569 4,916,299 5,324,747 5,517,283 5,748,950   1.93 1.93 1.97 1.93 1.90 Other ...................................   141,782 156,924 139,900 138,520 131,169   0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 Enterprise operations 7 ........... 946,705 701,053 777,937 714,144 772,077 870,731 0.47 0.29 0.30 0.26 0.27 0.29 Salaries ...............................   165,562 179,360 172,528 194,208 189,484   0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.06 Employee benefits ..............   42,003 44,545 33,030 36,990 34,509   0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 Purchased services .............   171,526 183,288 160,320 167,026 207,675   0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.07 Supplies ..............................   246,541 269,046 261,109 285,560 337,028   0.10 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.11 Other ...................................   75,420 101,697 87,157 88,293 102,034   0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 Other current expenditures ..... 3,295,717 5,148,505 4,724,659 4,649,138 4,884,115 5,262,613 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Community services ............ 964,370 1,933,565 1,728,669 1,607,666 1,782,128 1,938,958 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Private school programs ..... 527,609 569,851 781,148 829,983 854,641 919,716 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Adult education ................... 1,365,523 1,460,149 1,500,438 1,457,779 1,487,927 1,589,147 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Community colleges ............ 5,356 83,573 7,746 8,290 144 176 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Other ................................... 432,858 1,101,367 706,657 745,420 759,275 814,616 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Capital outlay 8 ........................ 19,771,478 24,456,100 27,555,667 31,429,074 36,168,090 39,526,645 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) Interest on school debt ........... 4,324,768 5,518,131 6,259,480 6,898,536 7,777,445 8,196,236 ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2) ( 2)

  Not available. 1 Some data have been revised from previously published figures. 2 Not applicable. 3 Includes estimated data for subfunctions of food services and enterprise operations. 4 Includes expenditures for guidance, health, attendance, and speech pathology services 5 Includes expenditures for curriculum development, staff training, libraries, and media and computer centers. 6 Includes business support services concerned with paying, transporting, exchanging, and maintaining goods and services for local education agencies; central support services including planning, research, evaluation, information, staff, and data processing services; and other support services. 7 Includes expenditures for operations funded by sales of products or services ( e. g., school bookstore or computer time). Includes very small amounts for direct program support made by state education agencies for local school districts.

8 Includes expenditures for property, and for buildings and alterations completed by school district staff or contractors.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data survey. ( This table was prepared November 2001.) 190 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 166.   Expenditures for instruction in public elementary and secondary schools, by subfunction and state: 1997   98 and 1998   99 [ In thousands]

State or other area 1997   98 1 1998   99 Total Salaries Employee benefits Purchased services 2 Supplies Tuition and other Total Salaries Employee benefits Purchased services 2 Supplies Tuition and other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 United States ..................... $ 176,521,719 $ 128,329,486 $ 32,628,651 $ 4,856,464 $ 8,175,671 $ 2,531,448 $ 186,756,251 $ 135,570,688 $ 34,033,307 $ 5,498,994 $ 8,593,120 $ 3,060,142 Alabama .................................. 2,219,708 1,619,273 403,385 36,273 153,106 7,671 2,400,979 1,826,339 362,776 50,303 150,818 10,742 Alaska ..................................... 621,299 437,680 111,020 22,222 29,530 20,847 643,949 438,500 119,980 25,273 33,856 26,340 Arizona .................................... 2,163,072 1,782,425 277,108 22,593 40,375 40,572 2,380,620 1,705,675 298,811 37,387 42,473 296,274 Arkansas ................................. 1,362,690 1,021,738 239,117 26,685 66,146 9,005 1,436,486 1,088,391 245,305 27,292 66,116 9,383 California ................................. 20,033,782 14,167,958 3,865,786 611,903 968,731 419,405 20,972,433 15,327,989 3,496,465 732,636 958,488 456,855 Colorado ................................. 2,247,424 1,686,162 313,782 58,181 141,002 48,296 2,410,400 1,786,895 323,137 44,076 154,337 101,955 Connecticut ............................. 3,031,206 2,193,508 516,912 71,878 85,068 163,840 3,225,862 2,302,192 555,164 89,154 97,713 181,638 Delaware ................................. 514,269 346,624 116,540 11,889 28,099 11,116 534,174 367,553 113,047 13,052 27,233 13,289 District of Columbia ................ 283,484 238,180 21,449 1,706 15,894 6,255 314,468 240,489 36,458 4,022 19,237 14,263 Florida ..................................... 7,500,075 4,925,952 1,622,981 558,360 319,133 73,650 7,925,242 5,213,385 1,670,278 596,028 373,103 72,447 Georgia ................................... 4,833,424 3,577,240 973,041 50,941 227,041 5,162 5,339,447 3,956,375 1,074,712 58,676 243,559 6,125 Hawaii ..................................... 712,023 489,234 162,221 20,399 38,042 2,126 718,107 531,298 134,127 21,955 28,289 2,437 Idaho ....................................... 717,677 511,439 146,180 16,199 43,360 500 767,909 543,896 152,093 18,833 52,437 651 Illinois ...................................... 7,568,726 5,701,654 1,171,996 228,118 326,477 140,481 8,240,926 6,107,325 1,373,171 250,251 356,895 153,284 Indiana .................................... 3,897,221 2,752,589 954,189 46,951 136,769 6,723 4,183,169 2,879,356 1,111,766 50,395 135,434 6,217 Iowa ........................................ 1,842,537 1,320,588 319,745 55,512 118,322 28,370 1,828,806 1,367,287 331,037 40,609 71,504 18,368 Kansas .................................... 1,546,598 1,212,975 218,725 29,437 77,804 7,656 1,632,547 1,287,017 230,970 25,281 81,148 8,130 Kentucky ................................. 2,133,659 1,609,000 384,155 40,341 90,586 9,577 2,249,562 1,705,386 389,662 44,012 100,066 10,436 Louisiana ................................ 2,415,114 1,766,451 477,122 33,796 132,596 5,150 2,576,840 1,874,022 511,994 36,619 150,072 4,134 Maine ...................................... 964,342 634,910 215,522 32,452 31,559 49,899 1,015,728 664,364 227,272 37,122 33,946 53,024 Maryland ................................. 3,661,049 2,455,991 865,351 79,498 110,953 149,257 3,791,102 2,554,767 857,653 82,328 126,535 169,818 Massachusetts ........................ 4,899,352 3,301,154 876,602 384,022 152,010 185,564 5,295,485 3,542,334 940,814 455,084 160,049 197,205 Michigan ................................. 7,044,614 4,950,039 1,611,958 146,707 295,323 40,587 7,432,224 5,208,818 1,665,960 190,415 324,976 42,055 Minnesota ............................... 3,423,447 2,558,078 618,012 97,466 125,209 24,683 3,647,489 2,725,895 639,417 118,625 137,733 25,819 Mississippi ............................... 1,327,436 977,570 234,123 23,325 85,614 6,804 1,384,027 1,021,216 242,752 26,709 85,729 7,620 Missouri .................................. 3,108,316 2,350,141 429,395 70,767 248,116 9,896 3,293,321 2,483,246 459,945 79,659 258,828 11,644 Montana .................................. 580,901 414,316 109,929 16,993 37,056 2,606 597,772 426,127 111,694 18,141 39,408 2,402 Nebraska ................................ 1,096,002 812,701 193,173 24,120 43,200 22,808 1,145,752 837,559 203,535 29,488 47,335 27,834 Nevada ................................... 944,837 699,627 193,498 8,901 41,507 1,303 1,040,680 762,628 215,977 13,446 46,887 1,741 New Hampshire ...................... 810,097 583,864 120,741 22,671 27,220 55,602 858,974 612,662 127,787 26,836 28,130 63,560 New Jersey ............................. 7,293,294 5,441,938 1,097,755 68,433 291,355 393,813 7,705,505 5,443,770 1,459,390 77,072 291,762 433,511 New Mexico ............................ 949,678 698,520 173,606 16,137 61,188 226 1,015,367 752,588 184,140 17,282 61,157 201 New York ................................ 17,220,209 12,847,148 3,437,705 445,072 487,425 2,859 18,227,087 13,656,424 3,537,953 511,968 517,733 3,009 North Carolina ........................ 4,072,780 3,062,158 714,753 71,913 219,690 4,267 4,458,396 3,386,533 753,989 77,116 236,910 3,847 North Dakota .......................... 367,111 265,559 70,332 10,827 17,745 2,648 382,138 275,649 72,370 11,638 19,468 3,013 Ohio ........................................ 6,752,805 4,926,994 1,276,454 144,044 305,682 99,631 7,198,914 5,178,270 1,376,472 169,726 336,077 138,369 Oklahoma ............................... 1,860,769 1,339,600 328,419 35,636 144,707 12,407 2,000,616 1,440,562 325,114 50,583 172,909 11,447 Oregon .................................... 2,072,977 1,392,312 460,913 84,291 118,289 17,172 2,195,694 1,429,889 490,771 120,429 136,365 18,240 Pennsylvania .......................... 8,338,422 5,976,297 1,683,304 287,549 276,356 114,916 8,575,108 6,205,356 1,628,216 311,648 306,662 123,226 Rhode Island .......................... 815,847 573,429 177,355 18,586 19,265 27,212 851,859 601,340 177,242 22,380 20,986 29,911 South Carolina ........................ 2,087,547 1,553,530 374,287 33,276 101,518 24,936 2,242,844 1,652,753 403,978 43,587 115,097 27,428 South Dakota .......................... 409,201 296,637 65,385 13,523 24,973 8,683 424,211 305,161 66,126 18,100 28,345 6,479 Tennessee .............................. 2,867,088 2,085,760 411,565 46,889 316,031 6,844 3,032,953 2,188,784 479,007 49,196 307,980 7,986 Texas ...................................... 13,013,001 10,255,001 1,336,755 365,176 931,035 125,034 13,571,196 10,708,524 1,422,926 383,827 919,530 136,388 Utah ........................................ 1,265,282 864,858 302,586 27,921 60,442 9,476 1,328,807 906,680 322,064 27,930 65,157 6,977 Vermont .................................. 486,174 341,020 81,461 21,758 15,986 25,949 512,432 358,295 85,990 22,745 18,036 27,366 Virginia .................................... 4,108,526 3,039,035 813,721 67,618 182,822 5,331 4,340,680 3,205,919 877,515 60,407 192,772 4,067 Washington ............................. 3,521,141 2,473,464 718,747 138,166 161,098 29,666 3,646,974 2,528,413 745,395 155,780 186,227 31,158 West Virginia .......................... 1,181,952 811,348 318,935 14,828 36,485 357 1,230,925 836,669 328,141 16,431 49,381 302 Wisconsin ............................... 3,966,885 2,725,570 947,426 81,183 149,796 62,911 4,138,977 2,844,762 992,455 94,025 157,523 50,211 Wyoming ................................. 366,647 260,248 73,429 13,333 17,934 1,703 391,091 275,360 80,293 13,416 20,709 1,313 Outlying areas American Samoa .................... 14,030 10,577 2,045 364 783 261 15,014 10,599 2,049 625 1,454 286 Guam ...................................... 88,743 73,179 15,408 2 141 13             Northern Marianas .................. 43,060 29,233 7,957 2,648 3,167 55 40,667 29,473 7,867 2,064 1,206 57 Puerto Rico ............................. 1,385,170 1,157,938 154,123 6,130 18,594 48,386 1,386,049 1,124,301 154,021 6,808 36,998 63,921 Virgin Islands .......................... 78,688 60,833 15,292 629 903 1,030 89,700 69,083 18,114 617 1,246 639   Not available.

1 Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

2 Includes purchased professional services of teachers or others who provide instruction for students and travel for instructional staff.

NOTE: Excludes expenditures for state education agencies. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data surveys.

( This table was prepared November 2001.) 191 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 167.   Total and current expenditure per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: 1919   20 to 2000   01 School year Expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance Expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment 1 Unadjusted dollars Constant 2000   01 dollars 2 Unadjusted dollars Constant 2000   01 dollars 2 Total expenditure Current expenditure Total expenditure Current expenditure Total expenditure Current expenditure Total expenditure Current expenditure Annual percent change in current expenditure 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1919   20 ..... $ 64 $ 53 $ 588 $ 490 $ 48 $ 40 $ 440 $ 367   1929   30 ..... 108 87 1,110 887 90 72 919 734   1931   32 ..... 97 81 1,176 985 82 69 996 834   1933   34 ..... 76 67 1,008 892 65 57 856 758   1935   36 ..... 88 74 1,121 947 74 63 948 801   1937   38 ..... 100 84 1,219 1,025 86 72 1,046 880   1939   40 ..... 106 88 1,325 1,104 92 76 1,148 957   1941   42 ..... 110 98 1,236 1,104 94 84 1,058 945   1943   44 ..... 125 117 1,253 1,176 105 99 1,056 990   1945   46 ..... 146 136 1,400 1,309 124 116 1,193 1,115   1947   48 ..... 205 181 1,539 1,364 179 158 1,344 1,191   1949   50 ..... 260 210 1,925 1,555 231 187 1,708 1,380   1951   52 ..... 314 246 2,095 1,639 275 215 1,834 1,435   1953   54 ..... 351 265 2,285 1,724 312 236 2,032 1,533   1955   56 ..... 387 294 2,521 1,916 354 269 2,304 1,752   1957   58 ..... 447 341 2,743 2,092 408 311 2,502 1,908   1959   60 ..... 471 375 2,807 2,235 440 350 2,622 2,088   1961   62 ..... 517 419 3,012 2,441 485 393 2,827 2,290   1963   64 ..... 559 460 3,172 2,613 520 428 2,952 2,432   1965   66 ..... 654 538 3,588 2,951 607 499 3,331 2,739   1967   68 ..... 786 658 4,049 3,389 732 612 3,767 3,153   1969   70 ..... 955 816 4,427 3,782 879 751 4,075 3,482   1970   71 ..... 1,049 911 4,626 4,016 970 842 4,276 3,713 6.6 1971   72 ..... 1,128 990 4,799 4,211 1,034 908 4,401 3,862 4.0 1972   73 ..... 1,211 1,077 4,952 4,405 1,117 993 4,567 4,063 5.2 1973   74 ..... 1,364 1,207 5,122 4,533 1,244 1,101 4,670 4,134 1.7 1974   75 ..... 1,545 1,365 5,222 4,613 1,423 1,257 4,811 4,250 2.8 1975   76 ..... 1,697 1,504 5,359 4,747 1,563 1,385 4,934 4,371 2.9 1976   77 ..... 1,816 1,638 5,418 4,885 1,674 1,509 4,993 4,502 3.0 1977   78 ..... 2,002 1,823 5,598 5,096 1,842 1,677 5,148 4,687 4.1 1978   79 ..... 2,210 2,020 5,649 5,164 2,029 1,855 5,187 4,743 1.2 1979   80 ..... 2,491 2,272 5,617 5,124 2,290 2,088 5,164 4,710   0.7 1980   81 ..... 3 2,742 2,502 3 5,543 5,056 3 2,529 2,307 3 5,113 4,664   1.0 1981   82 ..... 3 2,973 2,726 3 5,532 5,071 3 2,754 2,525 3 5,125 4,698 0.7 1982   83 ..... 3 3,203 2,955 3 5,715 5,272 3 2,966 2,736 3 5,291 4,882 3.9 1983   84 ..... 3 3,471 3,173 3 5,971 5,459 3 3,216 2,940 3 5,532 5,057 3.6 1984   85 ..... 3 3,722 3,470 3 6,161 5,745 3 3,456 3,222 3 5,721 5,334 5.5 1985   86 ..... 3 4,020 3,756 3 6,468 6,043 3 3,724 3,479 3 5,992 5,599 5.0 1986   87 ..... 3 4,308 3,970 3 6,781 6,250 3 3,995 3,682 3 6,288 5,796 3.5 1987   88 ..... 3 4,654 4,240 3 7,034 6,409 3 4,310 3,927 3 6,514 5,935 2.4 1988   89 ..... 5,109 4,645 7,382 6,710 4,738 4,307 6,845 6,223 4.8 1989   90 ..... 5,550 4,980 7,653 6,867 5,174 4,643 7,135 6,402 2.9 1990   91 ..... 5,885 5,258 7,694 6,874 5,486 4,902 7,173 6,409 0.1 1991   92 ..... 6,074 5,421 7,695 6,868 5,629 5,023 7,131 6,364   0.7 1992   93 ..... 6,281 5,584 7,717 6,860 5,804 5,160 7,130 6,338   0.4 1993   94 ..... 6,492 5,767 7,774 6,906 5,996 5,327 7,180 6,379 0.6 1994   95 ..... 6,725 5,989 7,829 6,972 6,208 5,529 7,227 6,436 0.9 1995   96 ..... 6,962 6,147 7,890 6,966 6,443 5,689 7,302 6,447 0.2 1996   97 ..... 7,300 6,393 8,043 7,044 6,764 5,923 7,453 6,527 1.2 1997   98 ..... 7,703 6,676 8,339 7,227 7,142 6,189 7,731 6,700 2.7 1998   99 ..... 8,118 7,013 8,639 7,463 7,533 6,508 8,016 6,925 3.4 1999   2000 3 8,496 7,340 8,787 7,591 7,885 6,811 8,155 7,045 1.7 2000   01 3 ... 8,830 7,628 8,830 7,628 8,194 7,079 8,194 7,079 0.5   Not available. 1 Data for 1919   20 to 1953   54 are based on school year enrollment. 2 Based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school year basis. 3 Estimated.

NOTE: Beginning in 1980   81, state administration expenditures are excluded from both `` total'' and `` current'' expenditures. Beginning in 1988   89, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.