Once (2025)
Primacy agencies review lead outreach for State and local health providers
                                  Once (2025)
Primacy agencies participate in joint communication efforts for sharing lead PE with health departments
                                 Annual (2025)
Primacy agencies review PE material developed for delivery during water-related work
                                  Once (2025)
Primacy agencies review certifications of lead public outreach per system (includes ALE activities if applicable)
                                 Annual (2025)
                   PE Activities for Action Level Exceedance
Primacy agencies provide templates and review lead health effects language (and for LSL systems LSLR information) for PE
                                  Once (2025)
Primacy agencies consults with systems on additional PE activities in response to lead ALE
                                 Annual (2025)
    PE Activities for Customers when Individual Tap Samples > 0.015 mg/L
Primacy agencies review copy of 3-day notice delivered to customers and provided to primacy agencies when a sample exceeds 0.015 mg/L
                                 Annual (2025)
Lead in Drinking Water Testing Program at Schools and Child Care Facilities Activities
Primacy agencies review initial list of schools and child care facilities and confer on program
                                  Once (2025)
Primacy agencies provide templates on school and child care facility testing program
                                  Once (2025)
Primacy agencies review school and child care facility outreach materials
                                  Once (2025)
Primacy agencies review school sampling annual reporting
                                 Annual (2025)

5	THE INFORMATION COLLECTED -- AGENCY ACTIVITIES, COLLECTION METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
5(a) 	Agency Activities
The Agency is responsible for overseeing the implementation of the LCRR. The Agency is involved in the following activities that assist primacy agencies in implementing the modifications:
Respond to questions on the revised regulations
Collect data at the national level in SDWIS.
The Agency will also conduct primacy activities in states, tribes, and territories that do not have primacy. Burden and costs for these activities are accounted for under the primacy agency burden (see section 6).
5(b) 	Collection Methodology and Management
The data generated as a result of the regulatory changes will be integrated in the existing quarterly SDWIS reporting process. The collection methodology and management of SDWIS is described in the ICR entitled Public Water System Supervision Program (OMB control number 2040-0090).
5(c) 	Small Entity Flexibility
In developing the revisions to the LCR, the EPA considered the requirement of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) to minimize the burden of information collections on small entities. Small entities include "small businesses," "small organizations" and "small government jurisdictions," and are defined as follows:
A small business is any business that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field, as defined by the Small Business Administration regulations under section 3 of the Small Business Act.
A small organization is any non-profit enterprise that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field.
A small governmental jurisdiction is the government of a city, county, town, township, village, school district, or special district that has a population of fewer than 50,000. This definition may also include tribal governments.
The major requirement under SBREFA is a regulatory flexibility analysis of all rules that have a "significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities."
EPA considered the particular needs of small businesses, small governments, and small organizations when proposing rule changes in the LCRR. For example, EPA has prepared a Regulatory Flexibility Act analysis for the rule, which can be found in the Economic Analysis for the Final Lead and Copper Rule Revisions. EPA recognizes that many water systems are small entities; therefore, the LCRR reduces to the extent practicable and appropriate the burden on PWSs, especially small systems. The regulations include the following examples of reduced burden for small systems:
Different monitoring, compliance, or reporting requirements or schedules that take into account the resources available to small water systems.
Consolidated or simplified compliance and reporting requirements.
No unnecessary or redundant requirements.

       Specifically, the LCRR incorporates flexibility for small CWSs serving 10,000 or fewer people and all NTNCWSs by allowing these entities to select, in consultation with their primacy agency, the compliance option that best protects public health, recognizing the unique nature of these systems. This flexibility applies to CWSs serving 10,000 or fewer people and all NTNCWSs that exceed the lead TL of 0.010 mg/L or lead AL of 0.015 mg/L. The compliance options for these systems after a TLE or ALE include CCT; provision, monitoring, and maintenance of POU devices; LSLR; and replacement of lead-bearing materials. These small system flexibilities provide alternatives to chemical treatment because it can be difficult for many small systems to find operators that have the more advanced skills necessary to implement and maintain such treatment, particularly given the limited financial and programmatic capacity of many small utilities. These small systems can work with their primacy agency to identify an affordable and feasible treatment technique to reduce drinking water lead exposure.
5(d) 	Collection Schedule
For both the LCR and LCRR, the Agency considered a wide range of alternatives for frequency of data collection and chose the option that requires the least frequent collection possible while still protecting public health. When possible, primacy agency discretion in adjusting these frequencies has been allowed. Monitoring frequencies for PWSs have been carefully devised based on the following factors: system size, source water type, system type (e.g., CWS and NTNCWS), and contaminant history. The collection schedule associated with the years covered by this ICR (2024, 2025, and 2026).
In year 2024, the first year of the ICR renewal period, which includes the October 16, 2024 LCRR compliance date, public water systems and primacy agencies will still be engaged in the regulatory startup/implementation activities identified in the original "Information Collection Request for Lead and Copper Rule Revisions (LCRR)". These activities include reading and understanding the LCRR, assigning personnel and resources for rule implementation, attending training and receiving technical assistance from the state, developing initial LSL inventories, submitting demonstrations that they only have non-lead service lines (when applicable), and conferring with primacy agencies on initial planning for LSLR and preparing an LSLR plan when LSLs are present. During this same period, primacy agencies will conduct startup activities that include: adopting the rule and developing a program to implement it, modifying their data systems, providing system staff with training and technical assistance, providing internal staff with training for implementation, assisting with initial LSL inventories and reviewing initial inventories, reviewing demonstrations of only non-lead service lines from systems, and conferring with systems on initial planning for LSLR and reviewing the LSLR plan.
In years 2025 and 2026 of the ICR, following the LCRR compliance date, both systems and primacy agencies must work to implement a number of ongoing and additional regulatory requirements including: ongoing rule implementation and administration, lead and copper tap monitoring, corrosion control treatment, find-and-fix, water quality parameter monitoring, source water monitoring, LSL inventory updates, LSL replacement, small system POU treatment as an compliance alternative, lead PE and outreach, and lead in drinking water testing programs at schools and child care facilities. During this same period, the burden and cost to primacy agencies stems from their review and oversite activities associated with each of the PWS requirements for 2025 and 2026.
See Exhibits 2 and 3 at the end of Section 4(b)(ii) for additional information on the timing of specific sub-activities that occur within the three-year period covered in this ICR renewal.
6 	ESTIMATING THE BURDEN AND COST OF THE COLLECTION
This section describes the estimates of burden and direct costs to water systems and primacy agencies associated with the regulatory changes. This ICR provides estimates of the burdens to comply with the LCR as amended by the LCRR. As noted below, the initial burden and cost estimates double-count burden estimates in the Information Collection Request for the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules (USEPA, 2022; OMB Control Number 2040-0204; EPA Tracking Number 1896.12). EPA provides an estimate of the double counting and subtracts that amount from the final net estimates.
The burden and cost estimates in this ICR are based on the calculations documented in the Economic Analysis for the Final Lead and Copper Rule Revisions. Major underlying burden assumptions, data sources, and calculations are detailed in Chapter 5 of that document. Since promulgating the LCRR, EPA has updated the national estimate of LSLs. This ICR reflects EPA's updated estimates of the number of systems responding to the regulatory provisions. Appendix B provides the revised respondent and response estimates as well as the updated burden and non-labor cost estimates for systems creating a lead service line inventory and updating it per EPA guidance.
6(a) 	Estimating Respondent Burden
The following sections discuss the burden faced by PWSs and primacy agencies, and associated labor costs and non-labor costs.
6(a)(i)	Burden to Public Water Systems
During the first year covered in this ICR renewal (2024), which represents the last year of the three-year initial implementation period prior to the LCRR compliance date, EPA assumes that systems would face one-third of the burden and cost to complete regulatory startup activities, the initial inventory development for LSL containing systems or the demonstration that the system doesn't have LSLs, and for LSL systems the LSLR plan. During 2025 and 2026, all systems will perform multiple activities to comply with the LCRR. The number of systems performing each task, shown in Exhibit 4, varies depending on estimated LSL presence and lead monitoring results. See Chapter 5 of the Economic Analysis for the Final Lead and Copper Rule Revisions for a detailed presentation of the data and formulas used in generating the burden estimates. The lead service line inventory requirement category includes the supplemental burden associated with systems using EPA's Guidance for Developing and Maintaining a Service Line Inventory ("SL Inventory Guidance"). This increased potential burden associated with the SL Inventory Guidance, affects the estimated burden for the sub-activity line items "Systems create initial inventory of lead service lines" and "Systems update inventory." These two line items account for 76 percent of the inventory activities burden.
Exhibit 4. Total PWS Respondents, Responses, and Burden for the LCRR ICR Renewal (Including Potentential SL Inventory Guidance Burden)
                                   Activity
                                  Respondents
                                   Responses
                                 Total Burden
                    Rule Startup Implementation Activities
Systems read and understand the LCRR rule
                                                                         22,552
                                                                         22,552
                                                                         90,208
Systems assign personnel and resources for rule implementation
                                                                         22,552
                                                                         22,552
                                                                        180,416
Systems attend training and technical assistance from the primacy agencies during rule implementation
                                                                         22,552
                                                                         22,552
                                                                        180,416
Systems submit small system flexibility compliance option
                                                                         14,626
                                                                         14,626
                                                                        146,260
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         82,282
                                                                        597,300
         Lead Service Line Inventory Activities (Initial and Updates)
Systems create initial inventory of lead, GRR, and unknown service lines - records review plus field investigations per SL Inventory Guidance
                                                                         29,601
                                                                        54,358
                                                                     2,337,555
Systems submit initial demonstration documentation of no LSLs[a]
                                                                         30,442
                                                                        30,442
                                                                       361,069
Systems submit initial inventory
                                                                         29,601
                                                                        29,601
                                                                       313,885
Systems develop PE material for LSLs
                                                                         33,166
                                                                        33,166
                                                                       127,433
Systems distribute PE material for LSLs
                                                                         33,166
                                                                    48,359,701
                                                                       581,210
Systems update inventory including field investigations per SL Inventory Guidance
                                                                         24,757
                                                                        49,514
                                                                     2,297,475
Systems submit updated inventory report
                                                                         33,166
                                                                         66,332
                                                                         66,332
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                     48,623,114
                                                                      6,084,959
                 Lead Service Line Replacement Plan Activities
Systems create a LSLR plan and submit for primacy agency review
                                                                         33,166
                                                                         33,166
                                                                        534,720
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         33,166
                                                                        534,720
                Lead and Copper Tap Water Monitoring Activities
Systems update sampling instructions for tap sampling
                                                                         67,656
                                                                         67,656
                                                                        135,312
Systems contact homes to establish new 100 percent LSL tap sampling pool
                                                                         24,757
                                                                         24,757
                                                                        506,335
Systems reports change in tap locations
                                                                         60,545
                                                                         68,787
                                                                        206,361
Systems confer with primacy agencies on tap sampling program
                                                                         67,656
                                                                         67,656
                                                                         67,656
Systems obtain volunteer customers to participate from sampling pool
                                                                         38,633
                                                                      1,158,595
                                                                        861,495
System offers customer incentive for lead and copper tap samples
                                                                         27,855
                                                                         35,075
                                                                           0[b]
Systems deliver sample equipment/instructions for the 5th liter option
                                                                         38,633
                                                                      1,158,595
                                                                        289,649
Systems collect lead and copper tap samples from households
                                                                         51,253
                                                                      1,449,997
                                                                        607,515
Systems determine that a sample should be rejected and not analyzed
                                                                         38,633
                                                                         50,112
                                                                         12,528
Systems analyze lead and copper tap samples
                                                                         51,253
                                                                      1,099,799
                                                                         24,146
Systems submit lead and copper tap sample invalidation requests to primacy agency
                                                                         51,253
                                                                          6,959
                                                                         13,770
Systems inform customers of results of lead and copper tap monitoring
                                                                         51,253
                                                                      1,025,196
                                                                         65,532
Systems certify to primacy agencies that sampling results were reported to customer
                                                                         51,253
                                                                         64,834
                                                                         43,214
Systems submit nine-year waiver request
                                                                            479
                                                                            479
                                                                            479
Systems draft and submit report on lead and copper tap sampling
                                                                         51,253
                                                                         51,253
                                                                         78,340
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                      6,329,750
                                                                      2,912,332
                    Corrosion Control Treatment Activities
Systems conduct or revise CCT study
                                                                          3,849
                                                                          3,849
                                                                           0[b]
Systems with LSLs gather non-water quality compliance data and review EPA CCT guidance prior to consultation with primacy agencies during the sanitary survey
                                                                         16,907
                                                                         16,907
                                                                         32,582
Systems notify and consult with primacy agencies on modification of CCT
                                                                          2,276
                                                                          4,552
                                                                         51,418
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         25,308
                                                                         84,000
                            Find-and-Fix Activities
Systems collect the follow-up tap sample and assess lead sources at location when a tap sample is > 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         67,656
                                                                        147,704
                                                                        537,313
Systems analyze the follow up tap sample when a tap sample is > 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         67,656
                                                                        147,704
                                                                          3,513
Systems collect WQP in distribution system near location of tap sample > 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         24,539
                                                                         28,917
                                                                         14,458
Systems analyze WQP from distribution system when a tap sample is > 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         24,539
                                                                         28,917
                                                                          1,621
Systems review incidents of system-wide events and other system conditions
                                                                         63,784
                                                                        127,568
                                                                        518,023
Systems consult with primacy agencies prior to making find-and fix CCT changes
                                                                         16,749
                                                                         33,498
                                                                         66,996
Systems provide a copy of the 3-day notice delivered to customers to primacy agencies when a sample exceeds 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         63,305
                                                                        575,440
                                                                         46,035
Systems report all find and fix activities
                                                                         63,784
                                                                        127,568
                                                                        259,056
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                      1,217,316
                                                                      1,447,015
                 Water Quality Parameter Monitoring Activities
                              Lead WQP Activities
Systems collect and analyze lead WQP at distribution system
                                                                         10,823
                                                                        193,072
                                                                         33,347
Systems collect and analyze lead WQP at entry points
                                                                         10,823
                                                                        571,684
                                                                        260,321
Systems report on lead WQP monitoring
                                                                         10,823
                                                                         43,292
                                                                        202,808
                             Copper WQP Activities
Systems collect and analyze copper WQP in distribution system
                                                                            221
                                                                          2,592
                                                                           0[b]
Systems collect and analyze copper WQP at entry points
                                                                            221
                                                                        586,976
                                                                          1,136
Systems report on copper WQP monitoring
                                                                            221
                                                                            884
                                                                          4,420
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                      1,398,500
                                                                        502,032
                      Source Water Monitoring Activities
Systems collect and analyze source water samples
                                                                         10,295
                                                                         33,876
                                                                         17,437
Systems report results of source water monitoring to primacy agencies
                                                                         10,295
                                                                         20,532
                                                                         15,360
Systems report and consult on source water changes
                                                                          5,669
                                                                         11,338
                                                                        139,442
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         65,746
                                                                        172,239
                   Lead Service Line Replacement Activities
Systems conduct planning and identify financial options for LSLR Program and submit to primacy agency
                                                                         12,728
                                                                         12,728
                                                                      5,355,300
Systems consult with primacy agency on targeted LSLR outreach materials
                                                                          1,674
                                                                          1,674
                                                                         16,401
Systems distribute targeted outreach material on LSLR Program
                                                                          1,674
                                                                     25,916,021
                                                                        154,787
Systems contact customers to coordinate replacement
                                                                         17,813
                                                                        226,449
                                                                        402,423
Systems collect and analyze a tap sample 3 months after LSLR
                                                                         17,867
                                                                        226,748
                                                                        272,521
Systems inform customers of lead results after LSLR tap sample
                                                                         17,867
                                                                        226,748
                                                                         11,622
Systems submit annual report on LSLR program
                                                                         17,867
                                                                         17,867
                                                                         33,371
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                     26,628,235
                                                                      6,246,425
              Small System POU Compliance Alternative Activities
Systems conduct initial planning of POU Program
                                                                          3,872
                                                                          3,872
                                                                        671,406
Systems develop public education for POUs and submits to primacy agencies for review
                                                                          3,872
                                                                          3,872
                                                                         13,569
Systems provide POU educational materials to customers
                                                                          3,872
                                                                        345,102
                                                                          3,504
Systems obtain volunteer customers to participate in annual sampling program
                                                                          2,548
                                                                        131,959
                                                                         65,979
Systems deliver sampling equipment/instructions
                                                                          2,548
                                                                        131,959
                                                                         32,990
Systems collect lead tap samples
                                                                          3,872
                                                                        147,544
                                                                         59,521
Systems determines that a sample should be rejected and not analyzed
                                                                          2,548
                                                                          5,708
                                                                          1,427
Systems analyze lead tap samples
                                                                          3,872
                                                                        130,422
                                                                           0[b]
Systems submit lead tap sample invalidation requests to primacy agency
                                                                          3,872
                                                                            778
                                                                          1,556
Systems inform customers of results of lead tap monitoring
                                                                          3,872
                                                                        116,799
                                                                          8,356
Systems certify to primacy agencies that sampling results were reported to customers
                                                                          3,872
                                                                          7,744
                                                                          5,112
Systems prepare and submit annual report on POU
                                                                          3,872
                                                                          7,744
                                                                          7,772
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                      1,033,503
                                                                        871,192
                   Public Education and Outreach Activities
            PE Activities Independent of Lead 90th Percentile Range
Systems update CCR
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         29,675
Systems with LSLs develop a new customer outreach plan
                                                                         24,757
                                                                         24,757
                                                                        101,776
Systems develop approach for improved public access to lead information
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         50,067
                                                                        622,180
Systems with LSLs establish a way for customers to access information on LSL locations
                                                                         24,757
                                                                         24,757
                                                                        149,980
Systems maintain a way for customers to access information on LSL locations
                                                                         50,067
                                                                        100,134
                                                                        477,368
Systems with LSLs provide information about LSLs in response to request from homeowners and residents
                                                                         24,757
                                                                        548,474
                                                                         27,424
Systems with LSLs provide information about LSLs in response request from realtors, home inspectors, and potential home buyers
                                                                         24,757
                                                                        834,050
                                                                         41,702
Systems develop a list of health care providers
                                                                         50,067
                                                                        101,326
                                                                          8,444
Systems develop material for State and local health agencies
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         50,067
                                                                        191,372
System deliver PE to State and local health agencies, and participate in joint communication with the primacy agencies to provide increased information to health care providers on lead education
                                                                         50,067
                                                                        202,652
                                                                        487,348
Systems develop PE material for delivery during water-related infrastructure work and submit it to the state for review
                                                                         24,757
                                                                         24,757
                                                                         97,985
Systems deliver PE material during water-related infrastructure work
                                                                         24,757
                                                                      2,853,222
                                                                        237,769
Systems certify to primacy agencies that PE outreach occurred including ALE outreach if applicable
                                                                         67,656
                                                                        135,312
                                                                        225,444
                   PE Activities for Action Level Exceedance
Systems must update their mandatory health effects language, and LSLs systems must also include information about their LSLR program
                                                                         10,016
                                                                         10,016
                                                                         37,746
CWSs deliver materials to all households and NTNCWSs email and post lead information
                                                                         10,016
                                                                     37,459,304
                                                                         98,807
Systems contact public health agencies to obtain additional organizations
                                                                          7,430
                                                                         15,272
                                                                         11,550
Systems notify public health agencies and other organizations in response to lead ALE
                                                                          7,430
                                                                        317,378
                                                                            793
Systems post lead notice on website
                                                                          7,430
                                                                         15,272
                                                                             71
Systems consult with primacy agencies on additional PE activities for a lead ALE
                                                                          7,430
                                                                         15,272
                                                                         29,720
Systems implement primacy agency directed additional PE in response to lead ALE
                                                                          7,430
                                                                         45,816
                                                                        224,868
    PE Activities for Customers when Individual Tap Samples > 0.015 mg/L
Systems provide PE material for customer affected by tap sample > 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         47,054
                                                                        504,391
                                                                        126,098
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                     43,382,363
                                                                      3,228,120
Lead in Drinking Water Testing Program at Schools and Child Care Facilities Activities
Systems identify child care facilities and schools served
                                                                         41,033
                                                                        630,715
                                                                         52,560
Systems develop outreach materials explaining the school sampling program
                                                                         27,321
                                                                         27,321
                                                                        103,346
Systems prepare and distribute outreach materials explaining the school sampling program
                                                                         41,033
                                                                        630,715
                                                                         31,536
Systems call school/facility to determine sampling schedule when mandatory
                                                                         35,565
                                                                        608,464
                                                                        566,266
Systems contact school/facility to offer sampling to secondary schools under opt-in
                                                                         32,789
                                                                         89,004
                                                                          4,450
Systems contact school/facility before sampling and coordinate
                                                                         41,033
                                                                     10,327,944
                                                                        140,575
Systems conduct walkthrough at school
                                                                         41,033
                                                                     10,327,944
                                                                        828,779
Systems travel to and from sampling site
                                                                         41,033
                                                                     10,327,944
                                                                        265,060
Systems collect lead samples
                                                                         41,033
                                                                      1,198,342
                                                                        203,718
Systems analyze lead samples
                                                                         41,033
                                                                      1,198,342
                                                                        230,094
Systems provide sampling results to school/facility and health agencies
                                                                         41,033
                                                                      1,124,596
                                                                         56,230
Systems discuss sampling results with school/facility
                                                                         41,033
                                                                        562,298
                                                                        562,298
Systems conduct additional detailed follow-up with school/facility when a lead sample is above 0.015 mg/L
                                                                         41,033
                                                                        220,609
                                                                      1,103,047
Systems prepare and submit annual schools sampling report
                                                                         50,067
                                                                        200,268
                                                                        202,484
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                     37,474,506
                                                                      4,350,443
System Total  -  All Activities

                                                                         67,656
                                                                    166,293,789
                                                                     27,030,777
Notes: Detail may not add exactly to total due to independent rounding. Chapter 5 of the LCRR Economic Analysis for the Final Lead and Copper Rule Revisions provides burden estimate details. Details for assumptions revised since final rule promulgation are in Appendix B.
a. This burden for systems with all non-lead service lines includes preparing the initial inventory, compiling and submitting demonstrations to primacy agencies, preparing the written statement, and describing the categorization methods used to the public.
b. No PWS labor burden for this activity. Non-labor costs are shown in section 6(b)(i).

6(a)(ii)	Burden to Primacy Agencies
During the three-year period (2024 to 2026), primacy agencies will incur burden associated with completing one-time startup activities and administering the compliance activities listed in Exhibit 5. Note that EPA did not estimate the potential burden reduction associated with the PWSs providing more accurate and organized inventory data to primacy agencies as a result of the SL Inventory Guidance recommendations and templates.
Exhibit 5. Total Primacy Agency Respondents, Responses, and Burden for the LCRR ICR Renewal
                                   Activity
                                  Respondents
                                   Responses
                                 Total Burden
              Rule Startup and Ongoing Implementation Activities
Primacy agencies adopt rule and develop program
                                                                             56
                                                                            168
                                                                        107,520
Primacy agencies provide primacy agencies staff with training for rule implementation
                                                                             56
                                                                            168
                                                                         32,928
Primacy agencies provide system staff with training and technical assistance during rule implementation
                                                                             56
                                                                            168
                                                                        134,400
Primacy agencies modify data system while implementing rule
                                                                             56
                                                                            168
                                                                        124,320
Primacy agencies coordinate with the EPA during annual administration of the rule
                                                                             56
                                                                            112
                                                                        116,480
Primacy agencies train staff for annual administration
                                                                             56
                                                                            112
                                                                         11,648
Primacy agencies provide on-going technical assistance
                                                                             56
                                                                            112
                                                                        253,680
Primacy agencies report to SDWIS
                                                                             56
                                                                            112
                                                                        174,720
Primacy agencies review and approve small system compliance option
                                                                             56
                                                                         14,626
                                                                         73,130
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         15,746
                                                                      1,028,826
         Lead Service Line Inventory Activities (Initial and Updates)
Primacy agencies assist with inventory development and review initial LSL inventory
                                                                             56
                                                                         29,601
                                                                        136,468
Primacy agencies review information from PWSs that do not have LSLs
                                                                             56
                                                                         30,442
                                                                         60,884
Primacy agencies provide template for PE material to LSLs
                                                                             56
                                                                         33,166
                                                                         12,430
Primacy agencies review PE material for LSLs
                                                                             56
                                                                         33,166
                                                                         17,615
Primacy agencies review updated LSL inventory
                                                                             56
                                                                         33,166
                                                                         33,166
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                        159,541
                                                                        260,563
                 Lead Service Line Replacement Plan Activities
Primacy agencies review LSLR plan
                                                                             56
                                                                         33,166
                                                                        267,360
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         33,166
                                                                        267,360
                Lead and Copper Tap Water Monitoring Activities
Primacy agencies provide templates for and review sampling instructions for tap sampling
                                                                             56
                                                                         67,656
                                                                         25,353
Primacy agencies review revised sampling plan from systems
                                                                             56
                                                                         33,166
                                                                        155,368
Primacy agencies review latest two rounds of sampling to determine system sampling requirements under LCRR
                                                                             56
                                                                         67,656
                                                                        142,078
Primacy agencies review change in tap locations
                                                                             56
                                                                         68,787
                                                                         68,787
Primacy agencies review sample invalidations requests for lead and copper tap sampling
                                                                             56
                                                                          6,959
                                                                         13,770
Primacy agencies review certification that sampling results were reported to customer
                                                                             56
                                                                         64,834
                                                                         26,923
Primacy agencies review report of lead and copper tap sampling
                                                                             56
                                                                         51,253
                                                                         24,107
Primacy agencies review nine-year waiver request
                                                                          52[a]
                                                                            479
                                                                            240
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                        360,790
                                                                        456,626
                   Corrosion Control Treatment Requirements
Primacy agencies review CCT guidance and to which systems it applies
                                                                             56
                                                                         16,907
                                                                        270,512
Primacy agencies review water quality data with systems that have CCT during sanitary survey
                                                                             56
                                                                         16,907
                                                                         46,317
Primacy agencies consult with PWS on response to source change
                                                                             56
                                                                         11,338
                                                                         81,441
Primacy agencies consult with PWS on response to treatment change
                                                                             56
                                                                          4,552
                                                                         51,418
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         49,704
                                                                        449,688
                           Find-and-Fix Requirements
Primacy agencies consults with the system prior to making find-and-fix CCT changes
                                                                             56
                                                                         33,498
                                                                         66,996
Primacy agencies reviews report regarding all find-and-fix activities
                                                                             56
                                                                        127,568
                                                                        129,528
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                        161,066
                                                                        196,524
                 Water Quality Parameter Monitoring Activities
                              Lead WQP Activities
Primacy agencies review lead water quality parameter data
                                                                             56
                                                                         43,292
                                                                        264,242
                             Copper WQP Activities
Primacy agencies review copper water quality parameter data
                                                                             56
                                                                            884
                                                                          4,420
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         44,176
                                                                        268,662
                      Source Water Monitoring Activities
Primacy agencies review source water quality data
                                                                             56
                                                                         20,532
                                                                          7,680
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         20,532
                                                                          7,680
                   Lead Service Line Replacement Activities
Primacy agencies provide outreach templates and consult with systems for LSLR Program outreach
                                                                             56
                                                                          1,674
                                                                          3,975
Primacy agencies review targeted PE language for LSLR
                                                                             56
                                                                          1,674
                                                                          1,491
Primacy agencies review annual report on LSLR activities, which includes LSLs replaced under goal based, mandatory, or customer-initiated programs, and required outreach and other additional PE required by the primacy agency
                                                                             56
                                                                         17,867
                                                                         16,686
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         21,215
                                                                         22,152
              Small System POU Compliance Alternative Activities
Primacy agencies review POU plan
                                                                             56
                                                                          3,872
                                                                        335,703
Primacy agencies provide templates for POU outreach materials
                                                                             56
                                                                          3,872
                                                                          1,449
Primacy agencies review PE material for POUs
                                                                             56
                                                                          3,872
                                                                          1,938
Primacy agencies review certification that sampling results were reported to customer
                                                                             56
                                                                          7,744
                                                                          3,213
Primacy agencies review annual report on POU
                                                                             56
                                                                          7,744
                                                                          3,886
Primacy agencies review sample invalidations requests for lead tap sampling
                                                                             56
                                                                            778
                                                                          1,556
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                         27,882
                                                                        347,745
                   Public Education and Outreach Activities
           PE Activities Independent of Lead 90[th] Percentile Range
Primacy agencies provide templates to update CCR
                                                                             56
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         18,779
Primacy agencies provide lead outreach templates for State and local health providers
                                                                             56
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         18,769
Primacy agencies review lead outreach for State and local health providers
                                                                             56
                                                                         50,067
                                                                         26,501
Primacy agencies participate in joint communication efforts for sharing lead PE with health departments
                                                                             56
                                                                        100,134
                                                                        100,134
Primacy agencies review PE material developed for delivery during water-related infrastructure work
                                                                             56
                                                                         24,757
                                                                         13,409
Primacy agencies review certifications of lead public outreach per system (includes ALE activities if applicable)
                                                                             56
                                                                        135,312
                                                                        139,769
                   PE Activities for Action Level Exceedance
Primacy agencies provide templates and review lead health effects language (and for LSL systems LSLR information) for PE
                                                                             56
                                                                         10,016
                                                                          5,253
Primacy agencies consults with systems on additional PE activities in response to lead ALE
                                                                             56
                                                                         15,272
                                                                         29,720
    PE Activities for Customers when Individual Tap Samples > 0.015 mg/L
Primacy agencies review copy of 3-day notice delivered to customers and provided to primacy agencies when a sample exceeds 0.015 mg/L
                                                                             56
                                                                        575,440
                                                                         46,035
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                      1,011,132
                                                                        398,369
Lead in Drinking Water Testing Program at Schools and Child Care Facilities Activities
Primacy agencies review initial list of schools and child care facilities and confer on program
                                                                             56
                                                                         27,321
                                                                         81,963
Primacy agencies provide templates on school and child care facility testing program
                                                                             56
                                                                         27,321
                                                                         10,253
Primacy agencies review school and child care facility outreach materials
                                                                             56
                                                                         27,321
                                                                         14,363
Primacy agencies review school sampling annual reporting
                                                                             56
                                                                        200,268
                                                                        200,268
Subtotal Responses and Burden
                                                                        282,231
                                                                        306,847
System Total  -  All Activities
                                                                             56
                                                                      2,187,181
                                                                      4,011,042
Notes: Detail may not add exactly to total due to independent rounding. Chapter 5 of the LCRR Economic Analysis for the Final Lead and Copper Rule Revisions provides burden estimate details. Details for assumptions revised since final rule promulgation are in Appendix B.
a. EPA tracked systems on 9-year waivers, and these systems only apply to 52 out of 56 primacy agencies.

6(b)	Estimating Respondent Costs
The following sections provide the estimates of the costs to PWSs and primacy agencies.
6(b)(i)	Cost to Public Water Systems
The labor rates associated with the system activities during the ICR period apply to all 67,656 CWSs and NTNCWSs that must comply with the LCRR. To estimate the cost of system labor burden, EPA used the fully loaded labor rate of $40.24 per hour, which is the same wage rate used in the Information Collection Request for the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules (USEPA, 2022; OMB Control Number 2040-0204; EPA Tracking Number 1896.12). EPA used this average wage rate to facilitate estimating net burden values.
Based on this labor rate, Exhibit 6 presents the labor costs to systems for each of the activities conducted during the three years. It also provides the non-labor cost estimates for each activity category. These estimated values include costs for sample collection materials, laboratory analysis, and distribution of PE materials. The lead service line inventory line item includes the potential cost of PWSs following the recommendation of the EPA SL Inventory Guidance.
Exhibit 6. Public Water System Total Burden and Costs for the LCRR ICR Renewal (Including Potentential SL Inventory Guidance Burden and Costs, 2021$)
                               Activity Category
                                 Total Burden
                                  Labor Costs
                                Non-labor Costs
                                  Total Costs

                                     2021$
                                  (2021$)[a]
                                     2021$
Rule Startup Implementation
                                                                        597,300
                                                                   $24,035,352
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $24,035,352
Lead Service Line Inventory
                                                                      6,084,959
                                                                  $244,858,750
                                                                  $463,471,507
                                                                  $708,330,257
LSLR Plan
                                                                        534,720
                                                                   $21,517,133
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $21,517,133
Lead and Copper Tap Water Monitoring
                                                                      2,912,332
                                                                  $117,192,240
                                                                   $55,513,422
                                                                  $172,705,662
Corrosion Control Treatment
                                                                         84,000
                                                                    $3,380,160
                                                                   $35,803,348
                                                                   $39,183,508
Find-and-Fix Requirements
                                                                      1,447,015
                                                                   $58,227,884
                                                                    $6,614,634
                                                                   $64,842,518
Water Quality Parameter Monitoring
                                                                        502,032
                                                                   $20,201,768
                                                                   $42,712,873
                                                                   $62,914,641
Source Water Monitoring
                                                                         172239
                                                                    $6,930,897
                                                                      $825,221
                                                                    $7,756,118
LSLR
                                                                      6,246,425
                                                                  $251,356,142
                                                                   $15,502,398
                                                                  $266,858,540
Small System POU Compliance Alternative
                                                                        871,192
                                                                   $35,056,766
                                                                    $5,210,703
                                                                   $40,267,469
PE and Outreach
                                                                      3,228,120
                                                                  $129,899,549
                                                                   $28,344,729
                                                                  $158,244,278
Lead in Drinking Water Testing Program at Schools and Child Care Facilities
                                                                      4,350,443
                                                                  $175,061,826
                                                                   $28,750,025
                                                                  $203,811,851
Total  -  All Activities
                                                                     27,030,777
                                                                $1,087,718,466
                                                                  $682,748,860
                                                                $1,770,467,326
Notes: Detail may not add exactly to total due to independent rounding.
a. Non-labor cost estimates shown in 2021$. The LCRR Rule estimates were in 2016$. EPA used the Gross Domestic Product Implicit Price Deflator to update those estimates to 2021$. The multiplier based on fourth quarter values for both years was 1.16009 = 124.174 (January 1, 2022)/ 107.371 (January 1, 2022).
The total burden and cost estimates in Exhibit 6 partially double count the approved burden and costs for the LCR in the Information Collection Request for the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules (OMB Control Number 2040-0204, EPA Tracking Number 1896.12). That request covered system and primacy agency burdens from April 1, 2023, through March 31, 2026, for the following groups of data collection and reporting activities under the LCR: tap water sampling, water quality parameter monitoring, source water monitoring, CCT reporting, source water treatment reporting, and PE for an ALE. The overlap period is 15 of the 36 months. Therefore, EPA applied a multiplicative factor of 15/30 to the approved ICR total burden and cost estimates to estimate the potential overlap. Exhibit 7 shows the adjustments EPA used to estimate LCRR burden and costs net of the double counting.
Exhibit 7. Public Water System Net Total and Average Annual Burden and Costs for the LCRR ICR Renewal (Including Potentential SL Inventory Guidance Burden and Costs, 2021$)Public Water Systems
                                     Item
                                   Responses
                                 Total Burden
                                  Labor Costs
                                    (2021$)
                                Non-labor Costs
                                    (2021$)
                                  Total Costs
                                    (2021$)
[a] Total for Approved ICR (USEPA, 2022)
                                    539,838
                                   4,399,597
                                 $184,932,581
                                  $15,308,454
                                 $200,241,035
[b] Estimated Overlap with Approved ICR
([a] x 15/36)
                                    224,932
                                   1,833,165
                                  $77,055,242
                                  $6,378,523
                                  $83,433,765
[c] Total for LCRR ICR Renewal  -  All Activities
                                  166,293,789
                                  27,030,777
                                $1,087,718,466
                                 $682,748,860
                                $1,770,467,326
[d] Net Total for LCRR ICR Renewal  -  All Activities
([c] - [b])
                                  166,068,857
                                  25,197,612
                                $1,010,663,224
                                 $676,370,337
                                $1,687,033,561
[e] Net Average Annual for LCRR ICR Renewal  -  All Activities
([d]/3)
                                  55,356,286
                                   8,399,204
                                 $336,887,741
                                 $225,456,779
                                 $562,344,520

6(b)(ii)	Cost to Primacy Agencies
Fifty-six primacy agencies will review and implement the final LCRR, which includes 49 states, five territories, one tribe, and EPA. The fully loaded labor rate applied to primacy agency costs for the three years of the LCRR is $62.50 per hour, which is the same labor rate used in the Information Collection Request for the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules (USEPA, 2022; OMB Control Number 2040-0204; EPA Tracking Number 1896.12) approved ICR (USEPA, 2022). Based on this labor rate, Exhibit 8 labor costs to primacy agencies for all activities conducted during the ICR period, 2024-2026. There are no non-labor costs associated with this period.
Exhibit 8. Primacy Agency Total Burden and Costs for the LCRR ICR Renewal (2021$)
                               Activity Category
                                 Total Burden
                                  Labor Costs
                                Non-labor Costs
                                  Total Costs

                                     2021$
                                  (2021$)[a]
                                     2021$
Rule Startup Implementation
                                                                      1,028,826
                                                                   $64,301,625
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $64,301,625
Lead Service Line Inventory
                                                                        260,563
                                                                   $16,285,188
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $16,285,188
LSLR Plan
                                                                        267,360
                                                                   $16,710,000
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $16,710,000
Lead and Copper Tap Water Monitoring
                                                                        456,626
                                                                   $28,539,125
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $28,539,125
Corrosion Control Treatment
                                                                        449,688
                                                                   $28,105,500
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $28,105,500
Find-and-Fix Requirements
                                                                        196,524
                                                                   $12,282,750
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $12,282,750
Water Quality Parameter Monitoring
                                                                        268,662
                                                                   $16,791,375
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $16,791,375
Source Water Monitoring
                                                                          7,680
                                                                      $480,000
                                                                            $0
                                                                      $480,000
LSLR
                                                                         22,152
                                                                    $1,384,500
                                                                            $0
                                                                    $1,384,500
Small System POU Compliance Alternative
                                                                        347,745
                                                                   $21,734,063
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $21,734,063
PE and Outreach
                                                                        398,369
                                                                   $24,898,063
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $24,898,063
Lead in Drinking Water Testing Program at Schools and Child Care Facilities
                                                                        306,847
                                                                   $19,177,938
                                                                            $0
                                                                   $19,177,938
Total  -  All Activities
                                                                      4,011,042
                                                                  $250,690,125
                                                                            $0
                                                                  $250,690,125
Note: Detail may not add exactly to total due to independent rounding.

The total primacy agency burden and costs shown above also double count approved burden and costs for the LCR in the Information Collection Request for the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules (OMB Control Number 2040-0204, EPA Tracking Number 1896.12). Therefore, EPA applied a multiplicative factor of 15/30 to the previously approved ICR's total burden and cost estimates to estimate the potential overlap with this new LCRR renewal. See the PWS net cost calculation description above for additional details. EPA subtracted the prorated values from the LCRR values to estimate the net total and annual average burden and costs (see Exhibit 9).
Exhibit 9. Primacy Agency Net Total and Average Annual Burden and Costs for the LCRR ICR Renewal (2021$)
                                     Item
                                   Responses
                                 Total Burden
                                  Labor Costs
                                    (2021$)
                                  Total Costs
                                    (2021$)
[a] Total for Approved ICR (USEPA, 2022)
                                                                        212,085
                                                                        546,713
                                                                   $34,167,400
                                                                   $34,167,400
[b] Estimated Overlap with Approved ICR
([a] x 15/36)
                                                                         88,369
                                                                        227,797
                                                                   $14,236,417
                                                                   $14,236,417
[c] Total for LCRR ICR Renewal  -  All Activities
                                                                      2,187,181
                                                                      4,011,042
                                                                  $250,690,125
                                                                   $250,690,125
[d] Net Total for LCRR ICR Renewal  -  All Activities
([c] - [b])
                                                                      2,098,812
                                                                      3,783,245
                                                                   $236,453,708
                                                                   $236,453,708
[e] Net Average Annual for LCRR ICR Renewal  -  All Activities
([d]/3)
                                                                        699,604
                                                                      1,261,082
                                                                    $78,817,903
                                                                    $78,817,903

6(c) 	Estimating Agency Burden and Cost
The Agency will conduct primacy activities in states, tribes, and territories that do not have primacy. However, burden and costs for these activities are accounted for under the primacy agency burden. Additional information-related activities that may be undertaken by both EPA headquarters and regional offices include reviewing, interpreting, and explaining the LCRR regulations and/or SL Inventory Guidance to primacy agencies that ask for guidance. For example, during the implementation process, EPA headquarters or regions might be asked for explanations or interpretations of the intent of the new regulations. Primacy agencies may also ask about how to best utilize the templates provided in the SL Inventory Guidance. EPA thinks that these regulatory changes and guidance recommendations are relatively straightforward and limited in scope and expects that the rule preamble language and inventory guidance document language will generally be sufficient for the purpose of explaining EPA's intent. Therefore, the additional burden incurred by headquarters and regional offices is expected to be minimal.
Further, the additional burden and costs incurred by EPA's drinking water program at headquarters and regional offices to assist primacy agencies in implementing drinking water regulations are already included in existing ICRs. The EPA burden and costs for ongoing regulatory development and support activities for all EPA drinking water regulations are accounted for under the Public Water System Supervision Program ICR. This final rule and SL Inventory Guidance does not create any additional Agency burden beyond what is already described in the latest version of the PWS Supervision Program ICR (2040-0090, EPA ID 1895.10).
6(d)	Estimating the Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Cost
There is a total of 67,656 PWSs and 56 primacy agencies considered for this Information Collection Request.
6(e)	Bottom Line Burden Hours and Costs Tables
This section provides a description of the bottom line estimates for implementation of the LCRR rule over the years 2024 to 2026 including the potential burden resulting from PWSs following EPA's SL Inventory Guidance. The bottom line burden hours and costs for systems and primacy agencies are the summaries of the hours and costs collectively incurred for all activities. The first part of this section describes the estimated costs and hourly burdens for respondents to the rule. The second part discusses the potential cost and burden to EPA. Exhibit 10 presents a summary of the total respondent burden over the three years (2024, 2025, and 2026) for PWSs and primacy agencies.
Exhibit 10. Net Bottom Line Total Burden and Costs for the Three Years of the LCRR ICR Renewal (Including Potential SL Inventory Guidance Burden and Costs, 2021$)
Number of Respondents
                                                                      67,712 =
                                                                         67,656
                                                                            +56

Public water systems
Primacy agencies
Number of Responses
                                                                 168,167,669 =
                                                                    166,068,857
                                                                     +2,098,812

Public water systems
Primacy agencies
Total Respondent Burden Hours
                                                                  28,980,857 =
                                                                     25,197,612
                                                                     +3,783,245

Public water system hours
Primacy agency hours
Hours per System
for Public Water Systems
                                                                         372 =
                                                                     25,197,612
                                                                        /67,656

Total PWS hours from above
Total PWS from above
Hours per Primacy Agency for Primacy Agencies
                                                                      67,558 =
                                                                      3,783,245
                                                                            /56

Total primacy agency hours from above
Total primacy agencies from above
Total Respondent Cost
                                                           $ 1,923,487,269 =
                                                                $ 1,687,033,561
                                                              +$ 236,453,708

Public water system costs
Primacy agency costs
Average Cost per System for Public Water Systems
                                                                    $ 24,935 =
                                                                $ 1,687,033,561
                                                                        /67,656

Total PWS costs from above
Total PWS from above
Average Cost per Primacy Agency for Primacy Agencies
                                                                 $ 4,222,388 =
                                                               $ 236,453,708
                                                                            /56

Total primacy agency costs from above
Total primacy agencies from above
Note: Detail may not add exactly to total due to independent rounding.
6(e)(i)	Respondent Tally
For the three years, 2024-2026, the net burden associated with this ICR renewal, including the potential burden associated with the SL Inventory Guidance, is estimated to be 28,980,857 burden hours, or an average of 9,660,286 hours per year. The corresponding net total respondent costs are estimated to be $1,923,487,269, or an average of $641,162,423 per year.
The EPA estimates the average net per-respondent burden for PWSs is 372 total hours or 124 hours per year. Average net per-respondent cost for PWSs is estimated to be $24,935 or $8,312 per year. The average net per-primacy agency burden estimate is 67,558 hours or 22,519 hours per year. The corresponding average net per-agency cost is $4,222,388 or $1,407,463 per year.
6(e)(ii)	The Agency Tally
Any additional burden or cost that EPA may incur as a result of the LCRR implementation activities and the SL Inventory Guidance is expected to be minimal and is already accounted for in existing ICRs, as explained in 6(c).
6(e)(iii)	Variations in the Annual Bottom Line
With the exception of the rule startup implementation activities, the finalization and submission of the initial inventory and demonstration that a system only has non-lead service lines (where applicable), and the LSLR Plan activities, EPA assumes the LCRR required activities will primarily take place in years 2025 and 2026. Therefore, EPA estimates that the 2024 net total the rule startup implementation activities, initial lead service line inventory costs, and LSLR plan costs will be $327,146,732 for systems and $44,481,179 for primacy agencies. The remaining required activities occur in 2025 and 2026 for an average annual net total of $679,816,921 for systems and $88,868,055 for primacy agencies per year.
6(f)	Reasons for Change in Burden
The LCRR is intended to strengthen the implementation of the LCR in the areas of CCT, customer awareness, and LSLR. The changes are expected to ensure and enhance the protection of public health through the reduction in lead exposure in drinking water. EPA needs comprehensive and current information on lead and copper exposure and associated enforcement activities to implement its program oversight and enforcement responsibilities mandated by SDWA. Primacy agencies need the information to identify significant contaminant concentrations that might threaten the health and safety of drinking water consumers in a timely fashion.
Over the next three years represented in this ICR renewal, the LCRR would require respondents to undertake additional actions beyond those in the Information Collection Request for the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules (OMB Control Number 2040-0204, EPA Tracking Number 1896.12). These LCRR required activity and the non-binding recommendations presented in the SL Inventory Guidance would increase burden by approximately 29 million hours and $1.9 billion annually over the next three years.
6(g)	Burden Statement
Exhibit 10 presents the net or incremental public reporting burden associated with this ICR. For the three-year period of analysis of this ICR renewal, the average net annual burden associated with this ICR is estimated to be 9,660,286 burden hours. The corresponding total respondent net costs are estimated to be $641,162,423 per year. EPA estimates the per respondent net annual burden for PWSs to be 124 hours. Net per respondent costs for PWSs are estimated to be $8,312 per year. The Agency estimates that the per respondent burden for primacy agencies is 22,519 hours per year. The corresponding net per respondent costs for primacy agencies are estimated to be $1,407,463 per year. There is no EPA burden or cost except where the Agency acts as the primacy agency.
The total number of respondents for this ICR is 67,712. Fifty-six of these respondents are primacy agencies and the remaining 67,656 respondents are water systems.
The net total number of responses for these respondents is 168,167,669 with 166,068,857 responses for water systems and 2,098,812 responses for primacy agencies. The average burden per response is 0.17 hours. The average cost per response is $11.44.
These incremental/net burden and cost estimates represent those activities associated with LCRR regulatory requirements and EPA's SL Inventory Guidance that EPA expects would occur in the three-year period associated with this ICR (2024, 2025, and 2026). During this period, systems and primacy agencies would finish performing the initial, one-time activities related to rule review and primacy requirements. They would also begin activities that are required during full rule implementation (e.g., primacy agencies reporting data to SDWIS and water systems reporting tap sampling, other monitoring results and regulatory milestones). PWSs when developing their initial and updated LSL inventories would follow the non-binding recommendations made in the SL Inventory Guidance.
Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by people to generate, maintain, retain, disclose, or provide information to or for a federal agency. This includes the time needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology, and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any previously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; complete and review the collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a request for information collection unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's regulations are listed in 40 CFR Part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15.
To comment on the Agency's need for this information, the accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods for minimizing respondent burden, including the use of automated collection techniques, EPA has established a public docket for this ICR under Docket ID Number EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300, which is available for online viewing at www.regulations.gov, or in person viewing at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), WJC West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC. The EPA Docket Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Reading Room is<PHONE_NUMBER>, and the telephone number for the Water Docket is<PHONE_NUMBER>. An electronic version of the public docket is available at www.regulations.gov. This site can be used to submit or view public comments, to access the index listing of the contents of the public docket, and to access those documents in the public docket that are available electronically. When in the system, select "search," then key in the Docket ID Number identified above. Comments can also be sent to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20503, Attention: Desk Officer for EPA. Please include the EPA Docket ID Number (EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300) and the OMB Control Number 2040-0297 in any correspondence.
      APPENDIX A: SDWA Sections that Provide Authority for the Collection
Section 1401. For purposes of this title:

(1) The term "primary drinking water regulation" means a regulation which-

(D) contains criteria and procedures to assure a supply of drinking water which dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels; including accepted methods for quality control and testing procedures to insure compliance with such levels and to insure proper operation and maintenance of the system, and requirements as to (i) the minimum quality of water which may be taken into the system and (ii) siting for new facilities for public water systems. At any time after promulgation of a regulation referred to in this paragraph, the Administrator may add equally effective quality control and testing procedures by guidance published in the Federal Register. Such procedures shall be treated as an alternative for public water systems to the quality control and testing procedures listed in the regulation.

Section 1413(a) For purposes of this title, a state has primary enforcement responsibility for public water systems during any period for which the Administration determines (pursuant to regulations under subsection (b)) that such state-

(1) has adopted drinking water regulations that are no less stringent than the national primary drinking water regulations promulgated by the Administrator under subsections (a) and (b) of section 1412 not later than 2 years after the date on which the regulations are promulgated by the Administrator, except that the Administrator may provide for an extension of not more than 2 years if, after submission and review of appropriate, adequate documentation from the state, the Administrator determines that the extension is necessary and justified;

(2) has adopted and is implementing adequate procedures for the enforcement of such state regulations, including conducting such monitoring and making such inspections as the Administrator may require by regulation;

(3) will keep such records and make such reports with respect to its activities under paragraphs (1) and (2) as the Administrator may require by regulation.

Section 1445 (a)(1)(A) Every person who is subject to any requirement of this title or who is a grantee, shall establish and maintain such records, make such reports, conduct such monitoring, and provide such information as the Administrator may reasonably require by regulation to assist the Administrator in establishing regulations under this title, in determining whether such person has acted or is acting in compliance with this title, in administering any program of financial assistance under this title, in evaluating the health risks of unregulated contaminants, or in advising the public of such risks. In requiring a public water system to monitor under this subsection, the Administrator may take into consideration the system size and the contaminants likely to be found in the system's drinking water.

(B) Every person who is subject to a national primary drinking water regulation under section 1412 shall provide such information as the Administrator may reasonably require, after consultation with the state in which such person is located if such state has primary enforcement responsibility for public water systems, on a case-by-case basis, to determine whether such person has acted or is acting in compliance with this title.

(C) Every person who is subject to a national primary drinking water regulation under SDWA Section 1412 shall provide such information as the Administrator may reasonably require to assist the Administrator in establishing regulations under SDWA Section 1412 of this title after consultation with primacy agencies and suppliers of water. The Administrator may not require, under this subparagraph, the installation of treatment equipment or process changes, the testing of treatment technology, or the analysis or processing of monitoring samples, except where the Administrator provides the funding for such activities. Before exercising this authority, the Administrator shall first seek to obtain the information by voluntary submission.

(D) The Administrator shall, no later than two years after the date of enactment of this subparagraph and after consultation with public health experts, representatives of the general public, and officials of state and local governments, review the monitoring requirements for no fewer than 12 contaminants identified by the Administrator and promulgate any necessary modifications.

                        APPENDIX B: Burden Assumptions
While most of the burden and non-labor estimates used in this analysis come directly from the Economic Analysis for the Final Lead and Copper Rule Revisions, EPA used updated data for a subset of modeling inputs. The new data include as estimate of the number of LSL from the 7[th] Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment, estimated initial lead 90[th] percentile system categorization from updated SDWIS/Fed information, and estimated unit burden and non-labor cost estimates for the initial inventory and inventory updates. The updated inputs are presented below, and additional detail on these inputs can be found in Docket Number EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300.

7[th] Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment (DWINSA)
EPA derived the estimated percent of systems with service lines of different material (Exhibit 11) and the percent of service lines of different materials within those systems (Exhibit 12) from responses to specific questions on service lines in the 7[th] Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey and Assessment (DWINSA). All PWSs participating in DWINSA were asked to provide preliminary information on lead connectors, LSLs, galvanized service lines, and unknown service lines. For this analysis, EPA assumed lead content is any service line reported as having a lead pipe, lead connector, galvanized pipe previously downstream of an LSL, and galvanized pipe downstream of a lead connector or connector of unknown material. For additional information on the derivation of these lead service line values, see the Excel Workbook titled "DWINSA Estimates of p_lsl and Perc_lsl for LCRR ICR 20230524" in the EPA Docket EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300 at www.regulations.gov.

Exhibit 11. Percent of Systems with Service Lines (SL) of Lead and/or Unknown Content
                              Population Category
                                  CCT Status
      Percent of Systems with Lead Content (may also contain unknown SLs)
                 Percent of Systems with No SL Material Known
             Percent of Systems with Non-Lead SLs and Unknown SLs
< 101
                                                                             No
                                                                             2%
                                                                            40%
                                                                             6%
< 101
                                                                            Yes
                                                                             9%
                                                                            34%
                                                                             6%
101-500
                                                                             No
                                                                             2%
                                                                            40%
                                                                             6%
101-500
                                                                            Yes
                                                                             9%
                                                                            34%
                                                                             6%
501-1,000
                                                                             No
                                                                             2%
                                                                            40%
                                                                             6%
501-1,000
                                                                            Yes
                                                                             9%
                                                                            34%
                                                                             6%
1,001-3,300
                                                                             No
                                                                             2%
                                                                            40%
                                                                             6%
1,001-3,300
                                                                            Yes
                                                                             9%
                                                                            34%
                                                                             6%
3,301-10,000
                                                                             No
                                                                            21%
                                                                            14%
                                                                             9%
3,301-10,000
                                                                            Yes
                                                                            22%
                                                                            21%
                                                                            13%
10,001-50,000
                                                                             No
                                                                            33%
                                                                             9%
                                                                            13%
10,001-50,000
                                                                            Yes
                                                                            36%
                                                                            15%
                                                                            13%
50,001-100,000
                                                                             No
                                                                             0%
                                                                            20%
                                                                            22%
50,001-100,000
                                                                            Yes
                                                                            40%
                                                                            13%
                                                                            15%
100,001-1,000,000
                                                                             No
                                                                             0%
                                                                             0%
                                                                            14%
100,001-1,000,000
                                                                            Yes
                                                                            42%
                                                                            10%
                                                                            17%
> 1,000,000
                                                                             No
                                                                             0%
                                                                             0%
                                                                             0%
> 1,000,000
                                                                            Yes
                                                                            59%
                                                                             3%
                                                                            18%

Exhibit 12. Percent of Service Lines per System by Content
Population Category
Percent of Service Lines in "Lead Content" Systems that are Known
Percent of Service Lines in systems designated as "Lead Content" and "Non-Lead SLs and Unknown" that are Unknown
Percent of Known Service Lines that are Lead
< 101
                                                                            73%
                                                                            27%
                                                                            36%
101-500
                                                                            73%
                                                                            27%
                                                                            36%
501-1000
                                                                            73%
                                                                            27%
                                                                            36%
10001-3300
                                                                            73%
                                                                            27%
                                                                            36%
3301-10000
                                                                            70%
                                                                            30%
                                                                            44%
10001-50000
                                                                            70%
                                                                            30%
                                                                            30%
50000-100000
                                                                            72%
                                                                            28%
                                                                            24%
100000-1000000
                                                                            72%
                                                                            28%
                                                                            22%
GT 1000000
                                                                            76%
                                                                            24%
                                                                            17%

Initial Lead 90[th] Percentile Categorization
EPA estimated a system's initial lead 90[th] percentile (P90) for the LCRR. Since the publication of the Final Rule, EPA has updated these estimates based on the P90 values reported to SDWIS/Fed from 2012 to 2020 and adjusted to account for the required tap sampling protocols required by the LCRR. These values represent a high end estimate of P90 values given EPA use of higher annual reported P90 values from SDWIS/Fed and larger multipliers used in the LCRR tap sampling adjustment process. Exhibit 13 presents the percentages applied to systems to assign them to P90 bins that either 1) have P90s less than or equal to the TL, 2) have P90 values exceeding the TL but are less than or equal to the AL, or 3) have P90s that exceed the AL. For additional information on the derivation of these values, see the Excel Workbook titled "Initial P90 Categorization with 5 Bins for LCRR ICR" in the EPA Docket EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300 at www.regulations.gov.

Exhibit 13. Percent of Systems in Different Lead 90th Percentile (P90) Binning Categorizations (Assuming LCRR Tap Sampling Protocols)
                                   Category
                                    No LSLs
                                   Has LSLs
P90 <= 0.010 mg/L
                                                                          91.0%
                                                                          61.2%
0.010 mg/L < P90 <= 0.015 mg/L
                                                                           4.0%
                                                                          13.3%
P90 > 0.015 mg/L
                                                                           5.0%
                                                                          25.5%

Initial Inventory and Inventory Update Unit Burden and Non-labor Cost Estimates
EPA estimated updated unit burden and costs for CWSs and NTCWSs with lead content and/or unknown service lines to prepare their initial inventories. Note EPA also included some costs to make inventories publicly accessible in this burden and cost category. Additional detail on the derivation of these estimates can be found in the Excel Workbook titled "Burden and Cost for Initial Inventory and Inventory Updates for the LCRR ICR 20230524" in the EPA docket EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300 at www.regulations.gov. The estimates for CWS are presented in Exhibit 14. The estimates for NTNCWS are presented in Exhibit 15.

Exhibit 14.  Estimated Unit Burden and Costs for CWSs to Prepare the Initial Inventory or Certify no LSLs (2021$)
System Size (Population Served)
Hours per CWS with LSLs and/or unknown SLs to conduct initial inventory
Hours per CWS with LSLs and/or unknown SLs to compile information and submit to primacy agency
Non-labor cost per CWS with LSLs and/or unknown SLs to make publicly available initial inventory
Hours per CWS with no LSLs or unknown SLs to compile information, make publicly available, and submit to primacy agency
< 101
                                                                             6
                                                                             10
                                                                           -
                                                                             12
101-500
                                                                             7
                                                                             10
                                                                           -
                                                                             12
501-1,000
                                                                            11
                                                                             10
                                                                           -
                                                                             12
1,001-3,300
                                                                            21
                                                                             10
                                                                           -
                                                                             12
3,301-10,000
                                                                            50
                                                                             20
                                                                           -
                                                                             22
10,001-50,000
                                                                           142
                                                                             20
                                                                           -
                                                                             22
50,001-100,000
                                                                           517
                                                                             40
                                                                        $25.00
                                                                             42
100,001-1,000,000
                                                                         1,228
                                                                             40
                                                                       $156.25
                                                                             42
> 1,000,000
                                                                         9,290
                                                                             40
                                                                       $156.25
                                                                             42

Exhibit 15. Estimated Unit Burden for NTNCWSs to Prepare the Initial Inventory or Certify no LSLs
System Size (Population Served)
Hours per NTNCWS with LSLs and/or unknown lines to compile information, make publicly available, and submit to primacy agency
Hours per NTNCWS with no LSLs or unknown lines to compile information, make publicly available, and submit to primacy agency
< 101
                                                                             10
                                                                              7
101-500
                                                                             10
                                                                              7
501-1,000
                                                                             10
                                                                              7
1,001-3,300
                                                                             10
                                                                              7
3,301-10,000
                                                                             20
                                                                             12
10,001-50,000
                                                                             20
                                                                             12
50,001-100,000
                                                                             40
                                                                             22
100,001-1,000,000
                                                                             40
                                                                             22

EPA also estimated burden and costs for CWSs with lead content and/or unknown service lines to update their inventories based on EPA guidance. These potential unit burden and costs associated with PWSs following the recommendations of the SL Inventory Guidance are shown in Exhibit 16. Additional detail on the derivation of these estimates can be found in the Excel Workbook titled "Burden and Cost for Initial Inventory and Inventory Updates for the LCRR ICR 20230524" in the EPA docket EPA-HQ-OW-2017-0300 at www.regulations.gov. All other inventory unit burden and cost estimates for systems and primacy agencies remain the same as in the final LCRR. EPA determined that the estimated values from the final LCRR sufficiently captured the burden and cost associated with the SL Inventory Guidance recommendations.

Exhibit 16.  Estimated Unit Burden and Costs for CWSs with LSLs and/or Unknowns to Update the Inventory (2021$)
System Size (Population Served)
Hours per CWS with LSLs and/or unknown lines to update inventory
Non-labor cost per CWS with LSLs and/or unknown lines to update inventory
< 101
                                                                              1
                                                                           $86
101-500
                                                                              3
                                                                          $340
501-1,000
                                                                              9
                                                                          $970
1,001-3,300
                                                                             23
                                                                        $2,098
3,301-10,000
                                                                             67
                                                                        $6,154
10,001-50,000
                                                                            207
                                                                       $16,119
50,001-100,000
                                                                            516
                                                                       $40,250
100,001-1,000,000
                                                                            541
                                                                      $126,576
> 1,000,000
                                                                           4524
                                                                    $1,057,604