stored as Pyret grp. out Chemical: Pyrethrins PRZM environment: CAgrapesC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 36: 14 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w93193. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 24 Water segment concentrations ( ppb) Appendices 106 Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.3403 0.2709 0.1418 0.06507 0.04889 0.01563 1962 0.3459 0.2765 0.1471 0.06959 0.05298 0.02012 1963 0.348 0.2785 0.1487 0.07118 0.05458 0.02128 1964 0.348 0.2785 0.1487 0.07094 0.05415 0.02122 1965 0.3484 0.2788 0.1489 0.0713 0.05458 0.02136 1966 0.3461 0.2767 0.1474 0.06998 0.05334 0.02101 1967 0.3481 0.2786 0.1488 0.07079 0.05368 0.02065 1968 0.3447 0.2753 0.1462 0.06871 0.0522 0.02002 1969 0.3489 0.2793 0.1495 0.07162 0.05476 0.02185 1970 0.3468 0.2774 0.148 0.07007 0.0532 0.02109 1971 0.347 0.2776 0.1481 0.07038 0.05353 0.02079 1972 0.3462 0.2773 0.1473 0.06952 0.05281 0.02052 1973 0.3453 0.2759 0.1468 0.06929 0.05272 0.02053 1974 0.3453 0.2759 0.1468 0.06931 0.05269 0.02018 1975 0.3466 0.2771 0.1476 0.07022 0.05378 0.02075 1976 0.3481 0.2786 0.1489 0.07122 0.05474 0.02212 1977 0.3456 0.2763 0.1473 0.06945 0.05267 0.02079 1978 0.3457 0.2763 0.1471 0.06944 0.05265 0.02025 1979 0.3443 0.275 0.146 0.06856 0.05196 0.0194 1980 0.3465 0.2771 0.1474 0.0697 0.05284 0.0197 1981 0.342 0.2728 0.1446 0.06714 0.05047 0.01899 1982 0.347 0.2775 0.1477 0.07013 0.05342 0.02028 1983 0.3462 0.2768 0.1475 0.07007 0.05339 0.02051 1984 0.3444 0.275 0.1459 0.06805 0.05109 0.01867 1985 0.3419 0.2726 0.1442 0.06665 0.05003 0.01835 1986 0.3431 0.2738 0.145 0.06772 0.05105 0.01904 1987 0.3448 0.2754 0.1464 0.0692 0.05279 0.02022 1988 0.3463 0.2769 0.1473 0.06926 0.05228 0.01948 1989 0.3448 0.2754 0.1462 0.06865 0.05201 0.0195 1990 0.3451 0.2758 0.1466 0.06888 0.05209 0.01956 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.3489 0.2793 0.1495 0.07162 0.05476 0.02212 0.0645161290322581 0.3484 0.2788 0.1489 0.0713 0.05474 0.02185 0.0967741935483871 0.3481 0.2786 0.1489 0.07122 0.05458 0.02136 0.129032258064516 0.3481 0.2786 0.1488 0.07118 0.05458 0.02128 0.161290322580645 0.348 0.2785 0.1487 0.07094 0.05415 0.02122 0.193548387096774 0.348 0.2785 0.1487 0.07079 0.05378 0.02109 0.225806451612903 0.347 0.2776 0.1481 0.07038 0.05368 0.02101 0.258064516129032 0.347 0.2775 0.148 0.07022 0.05353 0.02079 0.290322580645161 0.3468 0.2774 0.1477 0.07013 0.05342 0.02079 0.32258064516129 0.3466 0.2773 0.1476 0.07007 0.05339 0.02075 0.354838709677419 0.3465 0.2771 0.1475 0.07007 0.05334 0.02065 0.387096774193548 0.3463 0.2771 0.1474 0.06998 0.0532 0.02053 0.419354838709677 0.3462 0.2769 0.1474 0.0697 0.05298 0.02052 0.451612903225806 0.3462 0.2768 0.1473 0.06959 0.05284 0.02051 0.483870967741936 0.3461 0.2767 0.1473 0.06952 0.05281 0.02028 0.516129032258065 0.3459 0.2765 0.1473 0.06945 0.05279 0.02025 0.548387096774194 0.3457 0.2763 0.1471 0.06944 0.05272 0.02022 Appendices 107 0.580645161290323 0.3456 0.2763 0.1471 0.06931 0.05269 0.02018 0.612903225806452 0.3453 0.2759 0.1468 0.06929 0.05267 0.02012 0.645161290322581 0.3453 0.2759 0.1468 0.06926 0.05265 0.02002 0.67741935483871 0.3451 0.2758 0.1466 0.0692 0.05228 0.0197 0.709677419354839 0.3448 0.2754 0.1464 0.06888 0.0522 0.01956 0.741935483870968 0.3448 0.2754 0.1462 0.06871 0.05209 0.0195 0.774193548387097 0.3447 0.2753 0.1462 0.06865 0.05201 0.01948 0.806451612903226 0.3444 0.275 0.146 0.06856 0.05196 0.0194 0.838709677419355 0.3443 0.275 0.1459 0.06805 0.05109 0.01904 0.870967741935484 0.3431 0.2738 0.145 0.06772 0.05105 0.01899 0.903225806451613 0.342 0.2728 0.1446 0.06714 0.05047 0.01867 0.935483870967742 0.3419 0.2726 0.1442 0.06665 0.05003 0.01835 0.967741935483871 0.3403 0.2709 0.1418 0.06507 0.04889 0.01563 0.1 0.3481 0.2786 0.14889 0.071216 0.05458 0.021352 Average of yearly averages: 0.0201286666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyret grp Metfile: w93193. dvf PRZM scenario: CAgrapesC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrins Description Variable Name Value Units Comments Molecular weightmwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.056 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 2 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 3 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 4 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 5 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 6 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Appendices 108 Interval 7 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 8 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 9 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRANA IPSCND3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

stored as Pyret grpben. out Chemical: Pyrethrins PRZM environment: CAgrapesC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 36: 14 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w93193. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 24 Benthic segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.02441 0.02432 0.0231 0.01955 0.01722 0.006948 1962 0.02811 0.02801 0.02674 0.02287 0.0203 0.0105 1963 0.02896 0.02888 0.02771 0.02402 0.02147 0.01133 1964 0.02905 0.02896 0.02775 0.0238 0.02113 0.01135 1965 0.02899 0.02892 0.0278 0.02405 0.02142 0.01145 1966 0.02842 0.02832 0.02699 0.02321 0.02059 0.01112 1967 0.02914 0.02905 0.02783 0.02362 0.02072 0.01093 1968 0.02768 0.02757 0.02622 0.02225 0.01975 0.01039 1969 0.0295 0.02942 0.02824 0.02428 0.02156 0.01174 1970 0.02877 0.02867 0.02734 0.02317 0.02044 0.01112 1971 0.02883 0.02873 0.02748 0.02344 0.0207 0.01104 1972 0.02821 0.02811 0.02674 0.02277 0.02014 0.0108 1973 0.02815 0.02804 0.02662 0.0227 0.02015 0.01086 1974 0.02812 0.02801 0.02665 0.02271 0.02012 0.01056 1975 0.02839 0.0283 0.02705 0.02336 0.0209 0.01101 1976 0.02915 0.02906 0.02786 0.02405 0.02161 0.01195 1977 0.0286 0.02849 0.02699 0.02282 0.02012 0.011 1978 0.02828 0.02817 0.02685 0.02279 0.02007 0.01056 1979 0.02762 0.02752 0.02614 0.02217 0.01958 0.009991 1980 0.02816 0.02808 0.02691 0.02284 0.02012 0.01016 1981 0.02722 0.02712 0.02552 0.02126 0.01857 0.009656 1982 0.02817 0.0281 0.02696 0.02316 0.02054 0.01052 1983 0.02851 0.0284 0.02709 0.02329 0.02062 0.0108 1984 0.02745 0.02735 0.02602 0.02167 0.01884 0.009418 1985 0.02668 0.02658 0.02505 0.02079 0.01816 0.009186 1986 0.02703 0.02693 0.02551 0.02156 0.01889 0.009529 1987 0.02783 0.02773 0.02632 0.0227 0.02022 0.01062 1988 0.02811 0.02801 0.02675 0.02248 0.01968 0.01002 1989 0.0276 0.02749 0.02619 0.02218 0.01958 0.01005 Appendices 109 1990 0.02789 0.02779 0.02647 0.02234 0.01963 0.0101 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.0295 0.02942 0.02824 0.02428 0.02161 0.01195 0.0645161290322581 0.02915 0.02906 0.02786 0.02405 0.02156 0.01174 0.0967741935483871 0.02914 0.02905 0.02783 0.02405 0.02147 0.01145 0.129032258064516 0.02905 0.02896 0.0278 0.02402 0.02142 0.01135 0.161290322580645 0.02899 0.02892 0.02775 0.0238 0.02113 0.01133 0.193548387096774 0.02896 0.02888 0.02771 0.02362 0.0209 0.01112 0.225806451612903 0.02883 0.02873 0.02748 0.02344 0.02072 0.01112 0.258064516129032 0.02877 0.02867 0.02734 0.02336 0.0207 0.01104 0.290322580645161 0.0286 0.02849 0.02709 0.02329 0.02062 0.01101 0.32258064516129 0.02851 0.0284 0.02705 0.02321 0.02059 0.011 0.354838709677419 0.02842 0.02832 0.02699 0.02317 0.02054 0.01093 0.387096774193548 0.02839 0.0283 0.02699 0.02316 0.02044 0.01086 0.419354838709677 0.02828 0.02817 0.02696 0.02287 0.0203 0.0108 0.451612903225806 0.02821 0.02811 0.02691 0.02284 0.02022 0.0108 0.483870967741936 0.02817 0.0281 0.02685 0.02282 0.02015 0.01062 0.516129032258065 0.02816 0.02808 0.02675 0.02279 0.02014 0.01056 0.548387096774194 0.02815 0.02804 0.02674 0.02277 0.02012 0.01056 0.580645161290323 0.02812 0.02801 0.02674 0.02271 0.02012 0.01052 0.612903225806452 0.02811 0.02801 0.02665 0.0227 0.02012 0.0105 0.645161290322581 0.02811 0.02801 0.02662 0.0227 0.02007 0.01039 0.67741935483871 0.02789 0.02779 0.02647 0.02248 0.01975 0.01016 0.709677419354839 0.02783 0.02773 0.02632 0.02234 0.01968 0.0101 0.741935483870968 0.02768 0.02757 0.02622 0.02225 0.01963 0.01005 0.774193548387097 0.02762 0.02752 0.02619 0.02218 0.01958 0.01002 0.806451612903226 0.0276 0.02749 0.02614 0.02217 0.01958 0.009991 0.838709677419355 0.02745 0.02735 0.02602 0.02167 0.01889 0.009656 0.870967741935484 0.02722 0.02712 0.02552 0.02156 0.01884 0.009529 0.903225806451613 0.02703 0.02693 0.02551 0.02126 0.01857 0.009418 0.935483870967742 0.02668 0.02658 0.02505 0.02079 0.01816 0.009186 0.967741935483871 0.02441 0.02432 0.0231 0.01955 0.01722 0.006948 0.1 0.029131 0.029041 0.027827 0.024047 0.021465 0.01144 Average of yearly averages: 0.0104902666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyret grp Metfile: w93193. dvf PRZM scenario: CAgrapesC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrins Description Variable Name Value Units Comments Molecular weightmwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Appendices 110 Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.056 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 2 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 3 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 4 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 5 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 6 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 7 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 8 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 9 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRANA IPSCND3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

CA grapes, 0% drift:

stored as Pyret grp. out Chemical: Pyrethrins PRZM environment: CAgrapesC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 36: 14 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w93193. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 24 Water segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.006682 0.003151 0.001051 0.0004878 0.0003252 8.019e 005 1962 0.007583 0.004141 0.001434 0.0008704 0.000739 0.0003441 1963 0.008234 0.003945 0.001932 0.001091 0.0009206 0.0004263 1964 0.009254 0.004251 0.001333 0.0007321 0.0005197 0.000219 1965 0.002843 0.001349 0.0004314 0.0003663 0.0003626 0.0002303 1966 0.02355 0.01306 0.003982 0.001557 0.001048 0.0003422 Appendices 111 1967 0.002884 0.001935 0.001364 0.001219 0.001159 0.0006215 1968 0.01701 0.007929 0.002375 0.001395 0.000996 0.0003171 1969 0.01547 0.00788 0.004063 0.002697 0.002347 0.001099 1970 0.01619 0.007788 0.003054 0.001812 0.001532 0.0008465 1971 0.003101 0.001549 0.0009324 0.0008825 0.0008417 0.0004841 1972 0.007784 0.004447 0.001742 0.000898 0.0006244 0.0003183 1973 0.002006 0.0009702 0.0005783 0.0005321 0.0005094 0.0002769 1974 0.004704 0.002172 0.0006396 0.0004267 0.0003081 0.0001905 1975 0.0006973 0.000342 0.0002434 0.0002269 0.0002162 0.000125 1976 0.02131 0.00985 0.002887 0.001559 0.00129 0.000595 1977 0.01801 0.008399 0.002831 0.00105 0.0007356 0.0004864 1978 0.008472 0.004734 0.002225 0.001915 0.001719 0.0008963 1979 0.0008868 0.0005114 0.0003944 0.0003449 0.0003228 0.0001699 1980 0.005197 0.002491 0.000975 0.0007521 0.0006458 0.0002896 1981 0.01531 0.007175 0.002149 0.0012 0.0009997 0.0004046 1982 0.006719 0.003164 0.0009662 0.0008182 0.000686 0.0003856 1983 0.004346 0.002185 0.001339 0.0009526 0.0008513 0.0004768 1984 0.003103 0.001449 0.0004332 0.000278 0.0002408 0.0001605 1985 0.001393 0.000687 0.000242 0.0001939 0.0001845 0.0001155 1986 0.04138 0.01928 0.004879 0.001727 0.001163 0.0003977 1987 0.004365 0.002984 0.002069 0.001818 0.001716 0.0008604 1988 0.0033 0.001546 0.000714 0.0002671 0.0001904 0.0001388 1989 0.00222 0.001034 0.0003217 0.000262 0.0002542 0.0001592 1990 0.004565 0.002244 0.0007483 0.0004387 0.0003689 0.0001589 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.04138 0.01928 0.004879 0.002697 0.002347 0.001099 0.0645161290322581 0.02355 0.01306 0.004063 0.001915 0.001719 0.0008963 0.0967741935483871 0.02131 0.00985 0.003982 0.001818 0.001716 0.0008604 0.129032258064516 0.01801 0.008399 0.003054 0.001812 0.001532 0.0008465 0.161290322580645 0.01701 0.007929 0.002887 0.001727 0.00129 0.0006215 0.193548387096774 0.01619 0.00788 0.002831 0.001559 0.001163 0.000595 0.225806451612903 0.01547 0.007788 0.002375 0.001557 0.001159 0.0004864 0.258064516129032 0.01531 0.007175 0.002225 0.001395 0.001048 0.0004841 0.290322580645161 0.009254 0.004734 0.002149 0.001219 0.0009997 0.0004768 0.32258064516129 0.008472 0.004447 0.002069 0.0012 0.000996 0.0004263 0.354838709677419 0.008234 0.004251 0.001932 0.001091 0.0009206 0.0004046 0.387096774193548 0.007784 0.004141 0.001742 0.00105 0.0008513 0.0003977 0.419354838709677 0.007583 0.003945 0.001434 0.0009526 0.0008417 0.0003856 0.451612903225806 0.006719 0.003164 0.001364 0.000898 0.000739 0.0003441 0.483870967741936 0.006682 0.003151 0.001339 0.0008825 0.0007356 Appendices 112 0.0003422 0.516129032258065 0.005197 0.002984 0.001333 0.0008704 0.000686 0.0003183 0.548387096774194 0.004704 0.002491 0.001051 0.0008182 0.0006458 0.0003171 0.580645161290323 0.004565 0.002244 0.000975 0.0007521 0.0006244 0.0002896 0.612903225806452 0.004365 0.002185 0.0009662 0.0007321 0.0005197 0.0002769 0.645161290322581 0.004346 0.002172 0.0009324 0.0005321 0.0005094 0.0002303 0.67741935483871 0.0033 0.001935 0.0007483 0.0004878 0.0003689 0.000219 0.709677419354839 0.003103 0.001549 0.000714 0.0004387 0.0003626 0.0001905 0.741935483870968 0.003101 0.001546 0.0006396 0.0004267 0.0003252 0.0001699 0.774193548387097 0.002884 0.001449 0.0005783 0.0003663 0.0003228 0.0001605 0.806451612903226 0.002843 0.001349 0.0004332 0.0003449 0.0003081 0.0001592 0.838709677419355 0.00222 0.001034 0.0004314 0.000278 0.0002542 0.0001589 0.870967741935484 0.002006 0.0009702 0.0003944 0.0002671 0.0002408 0.0001388 0.903225806451613 0.001393 0.000687 0.0003217 0.000262 0.0002162 0.000125 0.935483870967742 0.0008868 0.0005114 0.0002434 0.0002269 0.0001904 0.0001155 0.967741935483871 0.0006973 0.000342 0.000242 0.0001939 0.0001845 8.019e 005 0.1 0.02098 0.0097049 0.0038892 0.0018174 0.0016976 0.00085901 Average of yearly averages: 0.000387206333333333 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyret grp Metfile: w93193. dvf PRZM scenario: CAgrapesC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrins Description Variable Name Value Units Comments Molecular weightmwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Appendices 113 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.056 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 2 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 3 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 4 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 5 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 6 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 7 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 8 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 9 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRANA IPSCND3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

stored as Pyret grpben. out Chemical: Pyrethrins PRZM environment: CAgrapesC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 36: 14 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w93193. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 24 Benthic segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.0002689 0.0002686 0.000265 0.0001385 9.234e 005 2.277e 005 1962 0.0004931 0.0004926 0.0004847 0.000457 0.00043 0.0002351 1963 0.0005137 0.000513 0.0005023 0.0004773 0.0004588 0.000257 1964 0.000331 0.0003306 0.0003247 0.0003114 0.0002265 0.0001282 1965 0.0003017 0.0003004 0.0002936 0.0002778 0.0002695 0.0001631 1966 0.0009823 0.0009812 0.0009669 0.0004237 0.0002904 0.0001375 1967 0.0009438 0.0009387 0.0009174 0.0009051 0.0008735 0.0004808 1968 0.0006282 0.0006277 0.0006127 0.000583 0.0004077 0.0001574 1969 0.00144 0.001438 0.001415 0.00139 0.001338 0.000736 1970 0.0009044 0.0009032 0.0008878 0.0008488 0.000816 0.0004768 1971 0.0007543 0.0007503 0.0007335 0.0006955 0.0006645 0.0003644 1972 0.0004543 0.0004537 0.0004466 0.0003649 0.0002637 0.0001858 Appendices 114 1973 0.0004165 0.0004143 0.0004055 0.0003926 0.0003817 0.0002072 1974 0.000199 0.0001988 0.000196 0.0001766 0.0001622 0.0001131 1975 0.0001888 0.0001879 0.0001854 0.0001766 0.000169 9.613e 005 1976 0.0007562 0.0007546 0.0007327 0.0006802 0.0006499 0.0003281 1977 0.0008019 0.0007881 0.0005533 0.0005239 0.0004993 0.0002845 1978 0.001166 0.001165 0.001143 0.001083 0.001048 0.0006123 1979 0.0002646 0.0002644 0.0002607 0.0002519 0.0002414 0.0001283 1980 0.0003683 0.0003678 0.0003636 0.0003441 0.0003239 0.0001786 1981 0.0005803 0.0005796 0.0005691 0.000538 0.0005116 0.0002474 1982 0.0004809 0.0004804 0.0004204 0.0003544 0.0003007 0.0002026 1983 0.0006268 0.0006257 0.0006179 0.000585 0.0005578 0.0003272 1984 0.0002188 0.0002175 0.0002122 0.0002001 0.0001901 0.0001062 1985 0.0001636 0.0001628 0.0001595 0.0001515 0.0001447 8.117e 005 1986 0.001395 0.001394 0.0007338 0.0002724 0.0001911 0.0001194 1987 0.001443 0.001442 0.00142 0.001352 0.001292 0.0006694 1988 0.0001963 0.0001961 0.0001617 0.000154 0.0001473 8.419e 005 1989 0.0002016 0.0002014 0.0001987 0.0001905 0.0001848 0.0001135 1990 0.0002225 0.0002223 0.0002197 0.0002107 0.0002005 0.0001034 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.001443 0.001442 0.00142 0.00139 0.001338 0.000736 0.0645161290322581 0.00144 0.001438 0.001415 0.001352 0.001292 0.0006694 0.0967741935483871 0.001395 0.001394 0.001143 0.001083 0.001048 0.0006123 0.129032258064516 0.001166 0.001165 0.0009669 0.0009051 0.0008735 0.0004808 0.161290322580645 0.0009823 0.0009812 0.0009174 0.0008488 0.000816 0.0004768 0.193548387096774 0.0009438 0.0009387 0.0008878 0.0006955 0.0006645 0.0003644 0.225806451612903 0.0009044 0.0009032 0.0007338 0.0006802 0.0006499 0.0003281 0.258064516129032 0.0008019 0.0007881 0.0007335 0.000585 0.0005578 0.0003272 0.290322580645161 0.0007562 0.0007546 0.0007327 0.000583 0.0005116 0.0002845 0.32258064516129 0.0007543 0.0007503 0.0006179 0.000538 0.0004993 0.000257 0.354838709677419 0.0006282 0.0006277 0.0006127 0.0005239 0.0004588 0.0002474 0.387096774193548 0.0006268 0.0006257 0.0005691 0.0004773 0.00043 0.0002351 0.419354838709677 0.0005803 0.0005796 0.0005533 0.000457 0.0004077 0.0002072 0.451612903225806 0.0005137 0.000513 0.0005023 0.0004237 0.0003817 0.0002026 0.483870967741936 0.0004931 0.0004926 0.0004847 0.0003926 0.0003239 0.0001858 0.516129032258065 0.0004809 0.0004804 0.0004466 0.0003649 0.0003007 Appendices 115 0.0001786 0.548387096774194 0.0004543 0.0004537 0.0004204 0.0003544 0.0002904 0.0001631 0.580645161290323 0.0004165 0.0004143 0.0004055 0.0003441 0.0002695 0.0001574 0.612903225806452 0.0003683 0.0003678 0.0003636 0.0003114 0.0002637 0.0001375 0.645161290322581 0.000331 0.0003306 0.0003247 0.0002778 0.0002414 0.0001283 0.67741935483871 0.0003017 0.0003004 0.0002936 0.0002724 0.0002265 0.0001282 0.709677419354839 0.0002689 0.0002686 0.000265 0.0002519 0.0002005 0.0001194 0.741935483870968 0.0002646 0.0002644 0.0002607 0.0002107 0.0001911 0.0001135 0.774193548387097 0.0002225 0.0002223 0.0002197 0.0002001 0.0001901 0.0001131 0.806451612903226 0.0002188 0.0002175 0.0002122 0.0001905 0.0001848 0.0001062 0.838709677419355 0.0002016 0.0002014 0.0001987 0.0001766 0.000169 0.0001034 0.870967741935484 0.000199 0.0001988 0.000196 0.0001766 0.0001622 9.613e 005 0.903225806451613 0.0001963 0.0001961 0.0001854 0.000154 0.0001473 8.419e 005 0.935483870967742 0.0001888 0.0001879 0.0001617 0.0001515 0.0001447 8.117e 005 0.967741935483871 0.0001636 0.0001628 0.0001595 0.0001385 9.234e 005 2.277e 005 0.1 0.0013721 0.0013711 0.00112539 0.00106521 0.00103055 0.00059915 Average of yearly averages: 0.000244918666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyret grp Metfile: w93193. dvf PRZM scenario: CAgrapesC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrins Description Variable Name Value Units Comments Molecular weightmwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Appendices 116 Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.056 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 2 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 3 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 4 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 5 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 6 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 7 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 8 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 9 interval 1 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRANA IPSCND3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

RESULTS OF PYRETHRINS TYPICAL APPLICATION RATE:

CA ONION stored as Pyrethrin. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: CAonion0C. txt modified Tueday, 8 June 2004 at 12: 01: 56 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w23155. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 20 Water segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.04127 0.0216 0.007542 0.003374 0.0025 0.0007714 1962 0.0416 0.02193 0.007843 0.003633 0.002736 0.001019 1963 0.04172 0.02205 0.007948 0.003734 0.002836 0.00109 1964 0.04165 0.02199 0.00789 0.003667 0.002761 0.001032 1965 0.04167 0.022 0.007908 0.003697 0.002795 0.001043 1966 0.04162 0.02196 0.007864 0.003662 0.002763 0.001077 1967 0.04173 0.02207 0.007965 0.003721 0.002789 0.001059 1968 0.04149 0.02183 0.007746 0.003536 0.002643 0.0009736 1969 0.0416 0.02193 0.007841 0.003615 0.0027 0.0009662 1970 0.04149 0.02182 0.007739 0.003521 0.002615 0.0009596 1971 0.04162 0.02195 0.007862 0.003632 0.002714 0.001015 1972 0.04151 0.02184 0.008008 0.003681 0.002757 0.0009972 1973 0.04146 0.0218 0.007719 0.003519 0.002627 0.0009529 1974 0.04147 0.0218 0.007726 0.003527 0.002632 0.001029 Appendices 117 1975 0.04158 0.02192 0.007828 0.003618 0.002718 0.001036 1976 0.0415 0.02184 0.007756 0.003553 0.002664 0.0009554 1977 0.04144 0.02178 0.007701 0.003497 0.002779 0.001027 1978 0.04161 0.02194 0.00785 0.003626 0.002715 0.001035 1979 0.04145 0.02179 0.007712 0.003517 0.002629 0.0009273 1980 0.04162 0.02195 0.00786 0.003642 0.002738 0.0009651 1981 0.04141 0.02175 0.007672 0.00348 0.002588 0.0009367 1982 0.04154 0.02187 0.007784 0.003571 0.002665 0.000953 1983 0.04162 0.02195 0.007861 0.003665 0.002947 0.001116 1984 0.04169 0.02203 0.007928 0.003693 0.002777 0.001055 1985 0.04153 0.02186 0.007776 0.003568 0.002677 0.001017 1986 0.0416 0.02193 0.007842 0.003641 0.002743 0.001037 1987 0.04165 0.02199 0.007893 0.003697 0.002809 0.001167 1988 0.04169 0.02202 0.007926 0.003686 0.002767 0.001056 1989 0.04155 0.02188 0.0078 0.003602 0.00271 0.0009871 1990 0.04154 0.02188 0.007797 0.003592 0.002694 0.0009772 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.04173 0.02207 0.008008 0.003734 0.002947 0.001167 0.0645161290322581 0.04172 0.02205 0.007965 0.003721 0.002836 0.001116 0.0967741935483871 0.04169 0.02203 0.007948 0.003697 0.002809 0.00109 0.129032258064516 0.04169 0.02202 0.007928 0.003697 0.002795 0.001077 0.161290322580645 0.04167 0.022 0.007926 0.003693 0.002789 0.001059 0.193548387096774 0.04165 0.02199 0.007908 0.003686 0.002779 0.001056 0.225806451612903 0.04165 0.02199 0.007893 0.003681 0.002777 0.001055 0.258064516129032 0.04162 0.02196 0.00789 0.003667 0.002767 0.001043 0.290322580645161 0.04162 0.02195 0.007864 0.003665 0.002763 0.001037 0.32258064516129 0.04162 0.02195 0.007862 0.003662 0.002761 0.001036 0.354838709677419 0.04162 0.02195 0.007861 0.003642 0.002757 0.001035 0.387096774193548 0.04161 0.02194 0.00786 0.003641 0.002743 0.001032 0.419354838709677 0.0416 0.02193 0.00785 0.003633 0.002738 0.001029 0.451612903225806 0.0416 0.02193 0.007843 0.003632 0.002736 0.001027 0.483870967741936 0.0416 0.02193 0.007842 0.003626 0.002718 0.001019 0.516129032258065 0.04158 0.02192 0.007841 0.003618 0.002715 0.001017 0.548387096774194 0.04155 0.02188 0.007828 0.003615 0.002714 0.001015 0.580645161290323 0.04154 0.02188 0.0078 0.003602 0.00271 0.0009972 0.612903225806452 0.04154 0.02187 0.007797 0.003592 0.0027 0.0009871 0.645161290322581 0.04153 0.02186 0.007784 0.003571 0.002694 0.0009772 0.67741935483871 0.04151 0.02184 0.007776 0.003568 0.002677 0.0009736 0.709677419354839 0.0415 0.02184 0.007756 0.003553 0.002665 0.0009662 Appendices 118 0.741935483870968 0.04149 0.02183 0.007746 0.003536 0.002664 0.0009651 0.774193548387097 0.04149 0.02182 0.007739 0.003527 0.002643 0.0009596 0.806451612903226 0.04147 0.0218 0.007726 0.003521 0.002632 0.0009554 0.838709677419355 0.04146 0.0218 0.007719 0.003519 0.002629 0.000953 0.870967741935484 0.04145 0.02179 0.007712 0.003517 0.002627 0.0009529 0.903225806451613 0.04144 0.02178 0.007701 0.003497 0.002615 0.0009367 0.935483870967742 0.04141 0.02175 0.007672 0.00348 0.002588 0.0009273 0.967741935483871 0.04127 0.0216 0.007542 0.003374 0.0025 0.0007714 0.1 0.04169 0.022029 0.007946 0.003697 0.0028076 0.0010887 Average of yearly averages: 0.00100775666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w23155. dvf PRZM scenario: CAonion0C. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0146 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

stored as Pyrethrinben. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: CAonion0C. txt modified Tueday, 8 June 2004 at 12: 01: 56 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w23155. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 20 Appendices 119 Benthic segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.001267 0.001262 0.001189 0.0009857 0.0008546 0.0003309 1962 0.001472 0.001468 0.001395 0.001178 0.001033 0.0005174 1963 0.001516 0.001511 0.001445 0.001245 0.001103 0.000568 1964 0.001489 0.001484 0.001414 0.001198 0.001048 0.0005358 1965 0.001479 0.001474 0.001413 0.001214 0.001069 0.0005359 1966 0.001485 0.00148 0.001407 0.001199 0.001054 0.0005577 1967 0.001532 0.001527 0.00146 0.001234 0.001067 0.0005498 1968 0.001422 0.001417 0.001338 0.001109 0.0009649 0.0004887 1969 0.001451 0.001446 0.001378 0.001157 0.001001 0.000484 1970 0.001406 0.001401 0.001326 0.001095 0.0009412 0.0004593 1971 0.001489 0.001484 0.00141 0.001177 0.001017 0.0005231 1972 0.001484 0.001478 0.001398 0.00117 0.001019 0.0005014 1973 0.001414 0.001409 0.001327 0.001101 0.0009561 0.0004767 1974 0.001407 0.001402 0.001325 0.001103 0.0009569 0.0005014 1975 0.001491 0.001486 0.001404 0.001175 0.001025 0.0005431 1976 0.001415 0.00141 0.001337 0.001119 0.0009787 0.0004768 1977 0.001403 0.001397 0.001314 0.001084 0.0009724 0.0005038 1978 0.001491 0.001487 0.001409 0.001176 0.00102 0.0005296 1979 0.001401 0.001396 0.001317 0.001096 0.0009551 0.0004563 1980 0.001441 0.001436 0.001375 0.00117 0.001025 0.0004813 1981 0.001396 0.00139 0.001305 0.001075 0.0009292 0.000459 1982 0.001418 0.001413 0.001341 0.001122 0.0009726 0.0004694 1983 0.001462 0.001458 0.00139 0.001196 0.00109 0.0005714 1984 0.001512 0.001507 0.001439 0.001215 0.001059 0.0005512 1985 0.001441 0.001436 0.001357 0.001132 0.0009903 0.0005181 1986 0.001471 0.001467 0.001393 0.001183 0.001038 0.0005389 1987 0.001511 0.001507 0.00143 0.001227 0.001089 0.0006095 1988 0.001522 0.001518 0.001448 0.001215 0.001056 0.0005583 1989 0.001438 0.001433 0.001364 0.001155 0.001015 0.0005027 1990 0.001443 0.001438 0.001368 0.00115 0.001004 0.0004962 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.001532 0.001527 0.00146 0.001245 0.001103 0.0006095 0.0645161290322581 0.001522 0.001518 0.001448 0.001234 0.00109 0.0005714 0.0967741935483871 0.001516 0.001511 0.001445 0.001227 0.001089 0.000568 0.129032258064516 0.001512 0.001507 0.001439 0.001215 0.001069 0.0005583 0.161290322580645 0.001511 0.001507 0.00143 0.001215 0.001067 0.0005577 0.193548387096774 0.001491 0.001487 0.001414 0.001214 0.001059 0.0005512 0.225806451612903 0.001491 0.001486 0.001413 0.001199 0.001056 0.0005498 0.258064516129032 0.001489 0.001484 0.00141 0.001198 0.001054 0.0005431 0.290322580645161 0.001489 0.001484 0.001409 0.001196 0.001048 0.0005389 0.32258064516129 0.001485 0.00148 0.001407 0.001183 0.001038 0.0005359 0.354838709677419 0.001484 0.001478 0.001404 0.001178 0.001033 0.0005358 0.387096774193548 0.001479 0.001474 0.001398 0.001177 0.001025 0.0005296 0.419354838709677 0.001472 0.001468 0.001395 0.001176 0.001025 0.0005231 0.451612903225806 0.001471 0.001467 0.001393 0.001175 0.00102 Appendices 120 0.0005181 0.483870967741936 0.001462 0.001458 0.00139 0.00117 0.001019 0.0005174 0.516129032258065 0.001451 0.001446 0.001378 0.00117 0.001017 0.0005038 0.548387096774194 0.001443 0.001438 0.001375 0.001157 0.001015 0.0005027 0.580645161290323 0.001441 0.001436 0.001368 0.001155 0.001004 0.0005014 0.612903225806452 0.001441 0.001436 0.001364 0.00115 0.001001 0.0005014 0.645161290322581 0.001438 0.001433 0.001357 0.001132 0.0009903 0.0004962 0.67741935483871 0.001422 0.001417 0.001341 0.001122 0.0009787 0.0004887 0.709677419354839 0.001418 0.001413 0.001338 0.001119 0.0009726 0.000484 0.741935483870968 0.001415 0.00141 0.001337 0.001109 0.0009724 0.0004813 0.774193548387097 0.001414 0.001409 0.001327 0.001103 0.0009649 0.0004768 0.806451612903226 0.001407 0.001402 0.001326 0.001101 0.0009569 0.0004767 0.838709677419355 0.001406 0.001401 0.001325 0.001096 0.0009561 0.0004694 0.870967741935484 0.001403 0.001397 0.001317 0.001095 0.0009551 0.0004593 0.903225806451613 0.001401 0.001396 0.001314 0.001084 0.0009412 0.000459 0.935483870967742 0.001396 0.00139 0.001305 0.001075 0.0009292 0.0004563 0.967741935483871 0.001267 0.001262 0.001189 0.0009857 0.0008546 0.0003309 0.1 0.0015156 0.0015106 0.0014444 0.0012258 0.001087 0.00056703 Average of yearly averages: 0.000509856666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w23155. dvf PRZM scenario: CAonion0C. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0146 kg/ ha Appendices 121 Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

ID POTATO stored as Pyrethrin. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: IDNpotato_ NirrigC. txtmodified Monday, 9 January 2006 at 11: 51: 00 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w24156. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 38 Water segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.05159 0.02318 0.006055 0.002791 0.002123 0.0007338 1962 0.05195 0.02364 0.00645 0.003155 0.002483 0.001078 1963 0.05207 0.02413 0.006831 0.003419 0.002695 0.001213 1964 0.05211 0.02389 0.006768 0.003392 0.002672 0.001239 1965 0.05214 0.02388 0.006657 0.003418 0.002718 0.001295 1966 0.05217 0.02387 0.006665 0.003334 0.002624 0.001256 1967 0.05212 0.02393 0.006945 0.003507 0.002767 0.00127 1968 0.05214 0.02401 0.006751 0.003379 0.002718 0.001301 1969 0.05218 0.02396 0.007105 0.003621 0.00287 0.001364 1970 0.05218 0.02389 0.006821 0.003433 0.002704 0.00129 1971 0.05217 0.0239 0.006675 0.003355 0.002649 0.001271 1972 0.05216 0.02388 0.006663 0.003344 0.002667 0.001279 1973 0.05215 0.02382 0.006661 0.003384 0.002678 0.001282 1974 0.05215 0.02374 0.006581 0.003265 0.002567 0.001222 1975 0.05212 0.02383 0.006624 0.003296 0.002589 0.001205 1976 0.05209 0.0238 0.006602 0.003284 0.002586 0.00121 1977 0.05212 0.02371 0.006553 0.003238 0.002539 0.001179 1978 0.05207 0.02377 0.006571 0.003261 0.002567 0.001178 1979 0.05211 0.02384 0.006626 0.003325 0.002638 0.001237 1980 0.05213 0.02408 0.006724 0.003381 0.002681 0.001275 1981 0.05217 0.02388 0.006674 0.003354 0.002645 0.001257 1982 0.05212 0.02386 0.006643 0.003337 0.002645 0.001249 1983 0.05216 0.0239 0.006769 0.003424 0.002727 0.001293 1984 0.05216 0.02393 0.006784 0.003466 0.002757 0.001312 1985 0.05216 0.02382 0.006633 0.003321 0.002615 0.001264 1986 0.05212 0.02373 0.006565 0.003263 0.002568 0.001215 1987 0.05208 0.02373 0.006554 0.003289 0.002602 0.001213 1988 0.0521 0.02365 0.00651 0.003189 0.002486 0.001147 1989 0.05204 0.02375 0.006546 0.003225 0.002526 0.001145 1990 0.05208 0.02375 0.006607 0.003276 0.002572 0.001171 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.05218 0.02413 0.007105 0.003621 0.00287 0.001364 0.0645161290322581 0.05218 0.02408 0.006945 0.003507 0.002767 0.001312 0.0967741935483871 0.05217 0.02401 0.006831 0.003466 0.002757 0.001301 0.129032258064516 0.05217 0.02396 0.006821 0.003433 0.002727 Appendices 122 0.001295 0.161290322580645 0.05217 0.02393 0.006784 0.003424 0.002718 0.001293 0.193548387096774 0.05216 0.02393 0.006769 0.003419 0.002718 0.00129 0.225806451612903 0.05216 0.0239 0.006768 0.003418 0.002704 0.001282 0.258064516129032 0.05216 0.0239 0.006751 0.003392 0.002695 0.001279 0.290322580645161 0.05216 0.02389 0.006724 0.003384 0.002681 0.001275 0.32258064516129 0.05215 0.02389 0.006675 0.003381 0.002678 0.001271 0.354838709677419 0.05215 0.02388 0.006674 0.003379 0.002672 0.00127 0.387096774193548 0.05214 0.02388 0.006665 0.003355 0.002667 0.001264 0.419354838709677 0.05214 0.02388 0.006663 0.003354 0.002649 0.001257 0.451612903225806 0.05213 0.02387 0.006661 0.003344 0.002645 0.001256 0.483870967741936 0.05212 0.02386 0.006657 0.003337 0.002645 0.001249 0.516129032258065 0.05212 0.02384 0.006643 0.003334 0.002638 0.001239 0.548387096774194 0.05212 0.02383 0.006633 0.003325 0.002624 0.001237 0.580645161290323 0.05212 0.02382 0.006626 0.003321 0.002615 0.001222 0.612903225806452 0.05212 0.02382 0.006624 0.003296 0.002602 0.001215 0.645161290322581 0.05211 0.0238 0.006607 0.003289 0.002589 0.001213 0.67741935483871 0.05211 0.02377 0.006602 0.003284 0.002586 0.001213 0.709677419354839 0.0521 0.02375 0.006581 0.003276 0.002572 0.00121 0.741935483870968 0.05209 0.02375 0.006571 0.003265 0.002568 0.001205 0.774193548387097 0.05208 0.02374 0.006565 0.003263 0.002567 0.001179 0.806451612903226 0.05208 0.02373 0.006554 0.003261 0.002567 0.001178 0.838709677419355 0.05207 0.02373 0.006553 0.003238 0.002539 0.001171 0.870967741935484 0.05207 0.02371 0.006546 0.003225 0.002526 0.001147 0.903225806451613 0.05204 0.02365 0.00651 0.003189 0.002486 0.001145 0.935483870967742 0.05195 0.02364 0.00645 0.003155 0.002483 0.001078 0.967741935483871 0.05159 0.02318 0.006055 0.002791 0.002123 0.0007338 0.1 0.05217 0.024005 0.00683 0.0034627 0.002754 0.0013004 Average of yearly averages: 0.00122146 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w24156. dvf PRZM scenario: IDNpotato_ NirrigC. txt Appendices 123 EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0224 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

stored as Pyrethrinben. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: IDNpotato_ NirrigC. txtmodified Monday, 9 January 2006 at 11: 51: 00 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w24156. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 04: 38 Benthic segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.001025 0.001023 0.0009861 0.0008721 0.0007887 0.0003563 1962 0.001309 0.001307 0.001269 0.001148 0.001059 0.0006255 1963 0.001462 0.001459 0.001432 0.001305 0.001198 0.0007252 1964 0.001444 0.001442 0.001426 0.0013 0.001192 0.0007474 1965 0.00146 0.001457 0.001419 0.001313 0.001222 0.0007897 1966 0.00148 0.001477 0.001436 0.001289 0.001178 0.0007676 1967 0.001504 0.001502 0.001471 0.001352 0.001241 0.0007665 1968 0.001487 0.001485 0.001445 0.001303 0.001208 0.0007923 1969 0.001595 0.001592 0.001551 0.001425 0.00131 0.0008356 1970 0.00152 0.001517 0.001476 0.001336 0.00122 0.000789 1971 0.001472 0.001469 0.001431 0.0013 0.001193 0.0007748 1972 0.001471 0.001469 0.001428 0.001295 0.001196 0.0007812 1973 0.00146 0.001457 0.00142 0.001291 0.001195 0.0007789 1974 0.001447 0.001444 0.001394 0.001245 0.00114 0.0007423 1975 0.001442 0.00144 0.001401 0.001258 0.001149 0.0007261 1976 0.001425 0.001423 0.001385 0.001249 0.001146 0.0007295 1977 0.00142 0.001416 0.001367 0.001222 0.001117 0.0007091 1978 0.001401 0.001399 0.00136 0.001231 0.001132 0.0007054 1979 0.001439 0.001437 0.0014 0.001278 0.001185 0.0007499 1980 0.001476 0.001474 0.001437 0.001309 0.001209 0.000778 1981 0.001483 0.001481 0.001441 0.001305 0.001194 0.0007679 1982 0.001449 0.001446 0.001408 0.001283 0.001184 0.0007568 1983 0.001484 0.00148 0.001453 0.001332 0.00123 0.0007891 Appendices 124 1984 0.001501 0.001499 0.001465 0.00134 0.001244 0.000802 1985 0.001467 0.001464 0.00142 0.001277 0.00117 0.0007712 1986 0.001429 0.001426 0.001378 0.001241 0.001139 0.0007366 1987 0.001406 0.001403 0.001359 0.001235 0.001146 0.0007308 1988 0.001401 0.001397 0.001346 0.00119 0.00108 0.0006863 1989 0.001382 0.00138 0.00134 0.001202 0.001099 0.0006795 1990 0.001411 0.001408 0.001371 0.001237 0.001132 0.0006994 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.001595 0.001592 0.001551 0.001425 0.00131 0.0008356 0.0645161290322581 0.00152 0.001517 0.001476 0.001352 0.001244 0.000802 0.0967741935483871 0.001504 0.001502 0.001471 0.00134 0.001241 0.0007923 0.129032258064516 0.001501 0.001499 0.001465 0.001336 0.00123 0.0007897 0.161290322580645 0.001487 0.001485 0.001453 0.001332 0.001222 0.0007891 0.193548387096774 0.001484 0.001481 0.001445 0.001313 0.00122 0.000789 0.225806451612903 0.001483 0.00148 0.001441 0.001309 0.001209 0.0007812 0.258064516129032 0.00148 0.001477 0.001437 0.001305 0.001208 0.0007789 0.290322580645161 0.001476 0.001474 0.001436 0.001305 0.001198 0.000778 0.32258064516129 0.001472 0.001469 0.001432 0.001303 0.001196 0.0007748 0.354838709677419 0.001471 0.001469 0.001431 0.0013 0.001195 0.0007712 0.387096774193548 0.001467 0.001464 0.001428 0.0013 0.001194 0.0007679 0.419354838709677 0.001462 0.001459 0.001426 0.001295 0.001193 0.0007676 0.451612903225806 0.00146 0.001457 0.00142 0.001291 0.001192 0.0007665 0.483870967741936 0.00146 0.001457 0.00142 0.001289 0.001185 0.0007568 0.516129032258065 0.001449 0.001446 0.001419 0.001283 0.001184 0.0007499 0.548387096774194 0.001447 0.001444 0.001408 0.001278 0.001178 0.0007474 0.580645161290323 0.001444 0.001442 0.001401 0.001277 0.00117 0.0007423 0.612903225806452 0.001442 0.00144 0.0014 0.001258 0.001149 0.0007366 0.645161290322581 0.001439 0.001437 0.001394 0.001249 0.001146 0.0007308 0.67741935483871 0.001429 0.001426 0.001385 0.001245 0.001146 0.0007295 0.709677419354839 0.001425 0.001423 0.001378 0.001241 0.00114 0.0007261 0.741935483870968 0.00142 0.001416 0.001371 0.001237 0.001139 0.0007252 0.774193548387097 0.001411 0.001408 0.001367 0.001235 0.001132 0.0007091 0.806451612903226 0.001406 0.001403 0.00136 0.001231 0.001132 0.0007054 0.838709677419355 0.001401 0.001399 0.001359 0.001222 0.001117 0.0006994 0.870967741935484 0.001401 0.001397 0.001346 0.001202 0.001099 Appendices 125 0.0006863 0.903225806451613 0.001382 0.00138 0.00134 0.00119 0.00108 0.0006795 0.935483870967742 0.001309 0.001307 0.001269 0.001148 0.001059 0.0006255 0.967741935483871 0.001025 0.001023 0.0009861 0.0008721 0.0007887 0.0003563 0.1 0.0015037 0.0015017 0.0014704 0.0013396 0.0012399 0.00079204 Average of yearly averages: 0.00073633 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w24156. dvf PRZM scenario: IDNpotato_ NirrigC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0224 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

OR SNAP BEANS stored as Pyrethrin. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: ORsnbeansC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 20: 58 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w24232. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 06: 10 Water segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.07445 0.04597 0.0302 0.01488 0.01164 0.004254 1962 0.07681 0.04836 0.0326 0.01673 0.01341 0.006503 1963 0.07772 0.04928 0.03346 0.01755 0.01419 0.007207 1964 0.07811 0.04974 0.03419 0.01791 0.01444 0.007317 1965 0.07779 0.04934 0.03504 0.01849 0.01491 0.00752 Appendices 126 1966 0.07772 0.04928 0.03349 0.01752 0.0141 0.0072 1967 0.07738 0.04892 0.03317 0.0172 0.01373 0.00683 1968 0.07763 0.0492 0.03389 0.01757 0.01454 0.007513 1969 0.07807 0.04962 0.03385 0.02062 0.01687 0.009063 1970 0.07874 0.05029 0.03448 0.01834 0.01483 0.008247 1971 0.07836 0.04993 0.03409 0.01907 0.01544 0.008319 1972 0.07855 0.05024 0.03426 0.01814 0.01463 0.007808 1973 0.0778 0.04936 0.03408 0.0179 0.01445 0.007552 1974 0.07794 0.04949 0.03372 0.01781 0.01438 0.007448 1975 0.07776 0.04932 0.0335 0.01753 0.01414 0.00721 1976 0.07794 0.0495 0.03367 0.0178 0.01441 0.007254 1977 0.07752 0.04908 0.03345 0.01742 0.01405 0.007071 1978 0.07738 0.04892 0.03317 0.01732 0.01394 0.007056 1979 0.07735 0.04889 0.03325 0.01723 0.01381 0.007264 1980 0.09409 0.05296 0.0357 0.01895 0.01535 0.007761 1981 0.1151 0.07249 0.04121 0.02211 0.01794 0.009067 1982 0.07885 0.05034 0.03453 0.01849 0.015 0.008229 1983 0.09105 0.05625 0.03533 0.01926 0.01569 0.007971 1984 0.08436 0.05295 0.03777 0.0209 0.01699 0.008652 1985 0.1248 0.07224 0.04338 0.02331 0.01889 0.009572 1986 0.07839 0.04994 0.03419 0.01858 0.01508 0.008172 1987 0.07752 0.04906 0.03332 0.01933 0.01596 0.008122 1988 0.08005 0.05075 0.03531 0.01867 0.01507 0.007772 1989 0.07747 0.04901 0.03325 0.01738 0.01401 0.007125 1990 0.07785 0.04964 0.03359 0.01741 0.01391 0.006948 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.1248 0.07249 0.04338 0.02331 0.01889 0.009572 0.0645161290322581 0.1151 0.07224 0.04121 0.02211 0.01794 0.009067 0.0967741935483871 0.09409 0.05625 0.03777 0.0209 0.01699 0.009063 0.129032258064516 0.09105 0.05296 0.0357 0.02062 0.01687 0.008652 0.161290322580645 0.08436 0.05295 0.03533 0.01933 0.01596 0.008319 0.193548387096774 0.08005 0.05075 0.03531 0.01926 0.01569 0.008247 0.225806451612903 0.07885 0.05034 0.03504 0.01907 0.01544 0.008229 0.258064516129032 0.07874 0.05029 0.03453 0.01895 0.01535 0.008172 0.290322580645161 0.07855 0.05024 0.03448 0.01867 0.01508 0.008122 0.32258064516129 0.07839 0.04994 0.03426 0.01858 0.01507 0.007971 0.354838709677419 0.07836 0.04993 0.03419 0.01849 0.015 0.007808 0.387096774193548 0.07811 0.04974 0.03419 0.01849 0.01491 0.007772 0.419354838709677 0.07807 0.04964 0.03409 0.01834 0.01483 0.007761 0.451612903225806 0.07794 0.04962 0.03408 0.01814 0.01463 0.007552 0.483870967741936 0.07794 0.0495 0.03389 0.01791 0.01454 0.00752 0.516129032258065 0.07785 0.04949 0.03385 0.0179 0.01445 0.007513 0.548387096774194 0.0778 0.04936 0.03372 0.01781 0.01444 0.007448 0.580645161290323 0.07779 0.04934 0.03367 0.0178 0.01441 Appendices 127 0.007317 0.612903225806452 0.07776 0.04932 0.03359 0.01757 0.01438 0.007264 0.645161290322581 0.07772 0.04928 0.0335 0.01755 0.01419 0.007254 0.67741935483871 0.07772 0.04928 0.03349 0.01753 0.01414 0.00721 0.709677419354839 0.07763 0.0492 0.03346 0.01752 0.0141 0.007207 0.741935483870968 0.07752 0.04908 0.03345 0.01742 0.01405 0.0072 0.774193548387097 0.07752 0.04906 0.03332 0.01741 0.01401 0.007125 0.806451612903226 0.07747 0.04901 0.03325 0.01738 0.01394 0.007071 0.838709677419355 0.07738 0.04892 0.03325 0.01732 0.01391 0.007056 0.870967741935484 0.07738 0.04892 0.03317 0.01723 0.01381 0.006948 0.903225806451613 0.07735 0.04889 0.03317 0.0172 0.01373 0.00683 0.935483870967742 0.07681 0.04836 0.0326 0.01673 0.01341 0.006503 0.967741935483871 0.07445 0.04597 0.0302 0.01488 0.01164 0.004254 0.1 0.093786 0.055921 0.037563 0.020872 0.016978 0.0090219 Average of yearly averages: 0.0076009 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w24232. dvf PRZM scenario: ORsnbeansC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0235 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 2 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 3 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 4 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Appendices 128 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

stored as Pyrethrinben. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: ORsnbeansC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 20: 58 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w24232. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 06: 10 Benthic segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.00539 0.005382 0.005237 0.004886 0.004541 0.002125 1962 0.007167 0.007154 0.006973 0.006384 0.005957 0.003867 1963 0.007789 0.007774 0.007585 0.006994 0.006543 0.004444 1964 0.008049 0.008034 0.007828 0.007138 0.006657 0.004523 1965 0.008439 0.008426 0.008212 0.007452 0.006916 0.004652 1966 0.007865 0.007851 0.00764 0.006978 0.00649 0.004456 1967 0.007652 0.007638 0.007422 0.006723 0.006195 0.004166 1968 0.007756 0.007741 0.007539 0.00687 0.006507 0.004553 1969 0.009521 0.009503 0.009207 0.008505 0.008009 0.005657 1970 0.008639 0.008624 0.008369 0.007589 0.007052 0.005268 1971 0.008654 0.00864 0.008408 0.00779 0.007293 0.005177 1972 0.008394 0.008379 0.008162 0.007416 0.00687 0.004933 1973 0.008078 0.008064 0.007848 0.007147 0.006667 0.004659 1974 0.008065 0.00805 0.007833 0.007179 0.006687 0.004646 1975 0.007841 0.007827 0.007632 0.006969 0.006508 0.004451 1976 0.00795 0.007936 0.007765 0.007144 0.006685 0.004521 1977 0.007731 0.007716 0.007505 0.006863 0.006381 0.004329 1978 0.007642 0.007628 0.007398 0.006744 0.00628 0.004324 1979 0.007656 0.007641 0.00743 0.006735 0.006284 0.004425 1980 0.008685 0.008673 0.008467 0.007721 0.007199 0.00482 1981 0.01036 0.01034 0.01009 0.009244 0.008591 0.005608 1982 0.008654 0.008638 0.008401 0.007681 0.007152 0.005266 1983 0.008455 0.00844 0.008265 0.007766 0.007302 0.004922 1984 0.009718 0.0097 0.00944 0.00866 0.008071 0.005378 1985 0.01126 0.01123 0.01093 0.009887 0.009161 0.006043 1986 0.008445 0.008431 0.008196 0.007664 0.007143 0.005196 1987 0.008321 0.008306 0.008057 0.007607 0.007346 0.005013 1988 0.008599 0.008584 0.008365 0.007614 0.007072 0.004876 1989 0.007718 0.007703 0.007495 0.00687 0.006413 0.004398 1990 0.00776 0.007745 0.007534 0.006802 0.00628 0.004234 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.01126 0.01123 0.01093 0.009887 0.009161 0.006043 0.0645161290322581 0.01036 0.01034 0.01009 0.009244 0.008591 0.005657 0.0967741935483871 0.009718 0.0097 0.00944 0.00866 0.008071 0.005608 0.129032258064516 0.009521 0.009503 0.009207 0.008505 0.008009 0.005378 0.161290322580645 0.008685 0.008673 0.008467 0.00779 0.007346 0.005268 0.193548387096774 0.008654 0.00864 0.008408 0.007766 0.007302 0.005266 0.225806451612903 0.008654 0.008638 0.008401 0.007721 0.007293 0.005196 0.258064516129032 0.008639 0.008624 0.008369 0.007681 0.007199 Appendices 129 0.005177 0.290322580645161 0.008599 0.008584 0.008365 0.007664 0.007152 0.005013 0.32258064516129 0.008455 0.00844 0.008265 0.007614 0.007143 0.004933 0.354838709677419 0.008445 0.008431 0.008212 0.007607 0.007072 0.004922 0.387096774193548 0.008439 0.008426 0.008196 0.007589 0.007052 0.004876 0.419354838709677 0.008394 0.008379 0.008162 0.007452 0.006916 0.00482 0.451612903225806 0.008321 0.008306 0.008057 0.007416 0.00687 0.004659 0.483870967741936 0.008078 0.008064 0.007848 0.007179 0.006687 0.004652 0.516129032258065 0.008065 0.00805 0.007833 0.007147 0.006685 0.004646 0.548387096774194 0.008049 0.008034 0.007828 0.007144 0.006667 0.004553 0.580645161290323 0.00795 0.007936 0.007765 0.007138 0.006657 0.004523 0.612903225806452 0.007865 0.007851 0.00764 0.006994 0.006543 0.004521 0.645161290322581 0.007841 0.007827 0.007632 0.006978 0.006508 0.004456 0.67741935483871 0.007789 0.007774 0.007585 0.006969 0.006507 0.004451 0.709677419354839 0.00776 0.007745 0.007539 0.00687 0.00649 0.004444 0.741935483870968 0.007756 0.007741 0.007534 0.00687 0.006413 0.004425 0.774193548387097 0.007731 0.007716 0.007505 0.006863 0.006381 0.004398 0.806451612903226 0.007718 0.007703 0.007495 0.006802 0.006284 0.004329 0.838709677419355 0.007656 0.007641 0.00743 0.006744 0.00628 0.004324 0.870967741935484 0.007652 0.007638 0.007422 0.006735 0.00628 0.004234 0.903225806451613 0.007642 0.007628 0.007398 0.006723 0.006195 0.004166 0.935483870967742 0.007167 0.007154 0.006973 0.006384 0.005957 0.003867 0.967741935483871 0.00539 0.005382 0.005237 0.004886 0.004541 0.002125 0.1 0.0096983 0.0096803 0.0094167 0.0086445 0.0080648 0.005585 Average of yearly averages: 0.00469766666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w24232. dvf PRZM scenario: ORsnbeansC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Appendices 130 Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0235 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 2 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 3 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Interval 4 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

PA TOMATO stored as Pyrethrin. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: PAtomatoC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 26: 12 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w14737. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 06: 12 Water segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.01908 0.01005 0.003583 0.002644 0.002253 0.0008915 1962 0.02766 0.0135 0.006839 0.003859 0.003339 0.001625 1963 0.0199 0.01088 0.004359 0.002392 0.002046 0.001323 1964 0.01964 0.01062 0.004871 0.00268 0.002168 0.001127 1965 0.01976 0.01074 0.004087 0.002088 0.001758 0.0009374 1966 0.01948 0.01046 0.003962 0.002008 0.001732 0.0009716 1967 0.0424 0.0203 0.007868 0.005288 0.004488 0.002083 1968 0.02027 0.01125 0.004775 0.002692 0.00221 0.001461 1969 0.01954 0.01052 0.004436 0.003067 0.002821 0.001468 1970 0.01991 0.01089 0.004462 0.002744 0.002384 0.001408 1971 0.01973 0.0107 0.004353 0.002317 0.002487 0.001411 1972 0.04156 0.02075 0.009022 0.006198 0.005224 0.002489 1973 0.03298 0.0162 0.006019 0.004498 0.003809 0.002243 1974 0.02002 0.011 0.005476 0.003237 0.00302 0.001787 1975 0.03046 0.01722 0.007317 0.004559 0.003799 0.001966 1976 0.01992 0.0109 0.00464 0.002542 0.002423 0.001503 1977 0.01973 0.0107 0.005297 0.002996 0.002504 0.001338 1978 0.01962 0.01059 0.004144 0.002597 0.002638 0.001429 1979 0.01982 0.0108 0.004285 0.002888 0.00251 0.001513 1980 0.02036 0.01107 0.004389 0.002325 0.001849 0.001066 1981 0.01941 0.01038 0.004896 0.002815 0.002267 0.001033 1982 0.02868 0.01439 0.008401 0.004886 0.004314 0.001983 1983 0.02009 0.01107 0.005571 0.003593 0.003007 0.001728 1984 0.01972 0.0107 0.005312 0.004419 0.003774 0.001874 1985 0.01998 0.01244 0.006505 0.004005 0.003456 0.001897 1986 0.0199 0.01087 0.004482 0.002515 0.002182 0.001336 Appendices 131 1987 0.01956 0.01053 0.004045 0.003142 0.002823 0.001488 1988 0.01985 0.01083 0.004315 0.002918 0.002508 0.001486 1989 0.01976 0.01074 0.00639 0.003992 0.003317 0.001677 1990 0.01982 0.01079 0.004412 0.00295 0.002754 0.001549 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.0424 0.02075 0.009022 0.006198 0.005224 0.002489 0.0645161290322581 0.04156 0.0203 0.008401 0.005288 0.004488 0.002243 0.0967741935483871 0.03298 0.01722 0.007868 0.004886 0.004314 0.002083 0.129032258064516 0.03046 0.0162 0.007317 0.004559 0.003809 0.001983 0.161290322580645 0.02868 0.01439 0.006839 0.004498 0.003799 0.001966 0.193548387096774 0.02766 0.0135 0.006505 0.004419 0.003774 0.001897 0.225806451612903 0.02036 0.01244 0.00639 0.004005 0.003456 0.001874 0.258064516129032 0.02027 0.01125 0.006019 0.003992 0.003339 0.001787 0.290322580645161 0.02009 0.01107 0.005571 0.003859 0.003317 0.001728 0.32258064516129 0.02002 0.01107 0.005476 0.003593 0.00302 0.001677 0.354838709677419 0.01998 0.011 0.005312 0.003237 0.003007 0.001625 0.387096774193548 0.01992 0.0109 0.005297 0.003142 0.002823 0.001549 0.419354838709677 0.01991 0.01089 0.004896 0.003067 0.002821 0.001513 0.451612903225806 0.0199 0.01088 0.004871 0.002996 0.002754 0.001503 0.483870967741936 0.0199 0.01087 0.004775 0.00295 0.002638 0.001488 0.516129032258065 0.01985 0.01083 0.00464 0.002918 0.00251 0.001486 0.548387096774194 0.01982 0.0108 0.004482 0.002888 0.002508 0.001468 0.580645161290323 0.01982 0.01079 0.004462 0.002815 0.002504 0.001461 0.612903225806452 0.01976 0.01074 0.004436 0.002744 0.002487 0.001429 0.645161290322581 0.01976 0.01074 0.004412 0.002692 0.002423 0.001411 0.67741935483871 0.01973 0.0107 0.004389 0.00268 0.002384 0.001408 0.709677419354839 0.01973 0.0107 0.004359 0.002644 0.002267 0.001338 0.741935483870968 0.01972 0.0107 0.004353 0.002597 0.002253 0.001336 0.774193548387097 0.01964 0.01062 0.004315 0.002542 0.00221 0.001323 0.806451612903226 0.01962 0.01059 0.004285 0.002515 0.002182 0.001127 0.838709677419355 0.01956 0.01053 0.004144 0.002392 0.002168 0.001066 0.870967741935484 0.01954 0.01052 0.004087 0.002325 0.002046 0.001033 0.903225806451613 0.01948 0.01046 0.004045 0.002317 0.001849 0.0009716 Appendices 132 0.935483870967742 0.01941 0.01038 0.003962 0.002088 0.001758 0.0009374 0.967741935483871 0.01908 0.01005 0.003583 0.002008 0.001732 0.0008915 0.1 0.032728 0.017118 0.0078129 0.0048533 0.0042635 0.002073 Average of yearly averages: 0.00153638333333333 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w14737. dvf PRZM scenario: PAtomatoC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0067 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run)

stored as Pyrethrinben. out Chemical: Pyrethrin PRZM environment: PAtomatoC. txt modified Satday, 12 October 2002 at 16: 26: 12 EXAMS environment: pond298. exv modified Thuday, 29 August 2002 at 16: 33: 30 Metfile: w14737. dvf modified Wedday, 3 July 2002 at 09: 06: 12 Benthic segment concentrations ( ppb)

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 1961 0.00131 0.001307 0.001254 0.001132 0.001042 0.0004767 1962 0.002007 0.002002 0.001928 0.001736 0.00165 0.001012 1963 0.001231 0.001228 0.001185 0.001062 0.001008 0.0008719 1964 0.001265 0.001262 0.001217 0.00112 0.001042 0.0007186 1965 0.000972 0.0009696 0.0009366 0.0008357 0.0007841 0.0005835 1966 0.0009233 0.000921 0.0008862 0.0007819 0.0007475 0.0005916 1967 0.002758 0.002751 0.002642 0.002463 0.002311 0.001286 1968 0.001492 0.001486 0.00145 0.001302 0.001263 0.001008 Appendices 133 1969 0.001792 0.001788 0.00173 0.001552 0.001447 0.0009004 1970 0.001275 0.001271 0.001245 0.001176 0.001163 0.0009228 1971 0.001418 0.001415 0.001362 0.001307 0.001238 0.0008831 1972 0.003382 0.003374 0.003242 0.002975 0.002742 0.001561 1973 0.00259 0.002582 0.00247 0.002169 0.001983 0.001492 1974 0.001654 0.001649 0.001625 0.00151 0.001499 0.001171 1975 0.002121 0.002116 0.002043 0.001992 0.001905 0.001263 1976 0.001318 0.001314 0.001264 0.001153 0.001163 0.0009896 1977 0.001448 0.001444 0.001395 0.001276 0.001205 0.0008559 1978 0.001532 0.001528 0.001466 0.001334 0.001256 0.0008904 1979 0.001408 0.001404 0.001368 0.001287 0.001251 0.0009708 1980 0.001189 0.001186 0.001146 0.001013 0.0009123 0.0007016 1981 0.001303 0.001299 0.00125 0.001123 0.001037 0.000622 1982 0.002557 0.002551 0.002471 0.002241 0.002156 0.001218 1983 0.001924 0.001917 0.001861 0.001639 0.001532 0.001147 1984 0.002282 0.002276 0.002239 0.002049 0.001904 0.001175 1985 0.001942 0.001938 0.001875 0.001789 0.001722 0.001229 1986 0.00127 0.001267 0.001227 0.001121 0.001081 0.000889 1987 0.00147 0.001465 0.001411 0.001373 0.001358 0.0009172 1988 0.001436 0.001431 0.001364 0.001251 0.001188 0.0009612 1989 0.001926 0.001922 0.001847 0.001748 0.001649 0.001066 1990 0.001555 0.00155 0.001493 0.001407 0.001337 0.0009974 Sorted results Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 0.032258064516129 0.003382 0.003374 0.003242 0.002975 0.002742 0.001561 0.0645161290322581 0.002758 0.002751 0.002642 0.002463 0.002311 0.001492 0.0967741935483871 0.00259 0.002582 0.002471 0.002241 0.002156 0.001286 0.129032258064516 0.002557 0.002551 0.00247 0.002169 0.001983 0.001263 0.161290322580645 0.002282 0.002276 0.002239 0.002049 0.001905 0.001229 0.193548387096774 0.002121 0.002116 0.002043 0.001992 0.001904 0.001218 0.225806451612903 0.002007 0.002002 0.001928 0.001789 0.001722 0.001175 0.258064516129032 0.001942 0.001938 0.001875 0.001748 0.00165 0.001171 0.290322580645161 0.001926 0.001922 0.001861 0.001736 0.001649 0.001147 0.32258064516129 0.001924 0.001917 0.001847 0.001639 0.001532 0.001066 0.354838709677419 0.001792 0.001788 0.00173 0.001552 0.001499 0.001012 0.387096774193548 0.001654 0.001649 0.001625 0.00151 0.001447 0.001008 0.419354838709677 0.001555 0.00155 0.001493 0.001407 0.001358 0.0009974 0.451612903225806 0.001532 0.001528 0.001466 0.001373 0.001337 0.0009896 0.483870967741936 0.001492 0.001486 0.00145 0.001334 0.001263 0.0009708 0.516129032258065 0.00147 0.001465 0.001411 0.001307 0.001256 0.0009612 0.548387096774194 0.001448 0.001444 0.001395 0.001302 0.001251 0.0009228 0.580645161290323 0.001436 0.001431 0.001368 0.001287 0.001238 0.0009172 0.612903225806452 0.001418 0.001415 0.001364 0.001276 0.001205 0.0009004 Appendices 134 0.645161290322581 0.001408 0.001404 0.001362 0.001251 0.001188 0.0008904 0.67741935483871 0.001318 0.001314 0.001264 0.001176 0.001163 0.000889 0.709677419354839 0.00131 0.001307 0.001254 0.001153 0.001163 0.0008831 0.741935483870968 0.001303 0.001299 0.00125 0.001132 0.001081 0.0008719 0.774193548387097 0.001275 0.001271 0.001245 0.001123 0.001042 0.0008559 0.806451612903226 0.00127 0.001267 0.001227 0.001121 0.001042 0.0007186 0.838709677419355 0.001265 0.001262 0.001217 0.00112 0.001037 0.0007016 0.870967741935484 0.001231 0.001228 0.001185 0.001062 0.001008 0.000622 0.903225806451613 0.001189 0.001186 0.001146 0.001013 0.0009123 0.0005916 0.935483870967742 0.000972 0.0009696 0.0009366 0.0008357 0.0007841 0.0005835 0.967741935483871 0.0009233 0.000921 0.0008862 0.0007819 0.0007475 0.0004767 0.1 0.0025867 0.0025789 0.0024709 0.0022338 0.0021387 0.0012837 Average of yearly averages: 0.000979056666666667 Inputs generated by pe4. pl  8 August 2003 Data used for this run: Output File: Pyrethrin Metfile: w14737. dvf PRZM scenario: PAtomatoC. txt EXAMS environment file: pond298. exv Chemical Name: Pyrethrin Description Variable NameValue Units Comments Molecular weight mwt 328.4 g/ mol Henry's Law Const. henry 7.7e 7 atm m^ 3/ mol Vapor Pressure vapr 2.03e 5 torr Solubility sol 2.0 mg/ L Kd Kd mg/ L Koc Koc 35170 mg/ L Photolysis half life kdp 0.5 days Half life Aerobic Aquatic Metabolismkbacw 31.5 days Halfife Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 86 days Halfife Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 28.5 days Halfife Hydrolysis: pH 5 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half life Hydrolysis: pH 9 17 days Half life Method: CAM 2 integer See PRZM manual Incorporation Depth: DEPI 0.0 cm Application Rate: TAPP 0.0067 kg/ ha Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction Spray Drift DRFT 0.05 fraction of application rate applied to pond Application Date Date 01 06 dd/ mm or dd/ mmm or dd mm or dd mmm Interval 1 interval 3 days Set to 0 or delete line for single app. Record 17: FILTRA NA IPSCND 3 UPTKF 0 Record 18: PLVKRT 0 PLDKRT 0 FEXTRC 0.5 Flag for Index Res. Run IR Pond Appendices 135 Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total( average of entire run) Appendices 136 APPENDIX C. ELL Fate Model and Results The model output from ELL FATE is provided in the attached Microsoft Excel spreadsheet " ELLFATE_ Output_ Pyrethrins. xls". A summary of the terrestrial RQ values is presented in Section 4( A)( 2) of the report ( Tables 17 and 18).

Kenaga Estimates and ELL FATE Model   Explanation Hoerger and Kenaga estimates ( 1972) as modified by Fletcher, Nellessen, and Pfleeger ( 1994) were used to approximate the residues on plants and insects. Hoerger Kenaga categories represent preferred foods of various terrestrial vertebrates: fruits and bud and shoot tips of leafy crops are preferred by upland game birds; leaves and stems of leafy crops are consumed by hares and hoofed mammals; seeds, seed pods and grasses are consumed by rodents; and insects are consumed by various birds, mammals, reptiles and terrestrial phase amphibians. Terrestrial vertebrates also may be exposed to pesticides applied to soil by ingesting pesticide granules and/ or pesticide laden soil when foraging. Rich in minerals, soil comprises 5 to 30% of dietary intake by many wildlife species ( Beyer et al., 1994).

Hoerger Kenaga pesticide environmental concentration estimates ( EECs) were based on residue data correlated from more than 20 pesticides on more than 60 crops. Representative of many geographic regions ( seven states) and a wide array of cultural practices, Hoerger Kenaga estimates also considered differences in vegetative yield, surface/ mass ratio, and interception factors. In 1994, Fletcher, Nellessen, and Pfleeger reexamined the Hoerger Kenaga simple linear model ( y= B1x, where x= application rate and y= pesticide residue in ppm) to determine whether the terrestrial EECs were accurate. They compiled a data set of pesticide day 0 and residue decay data involving 121 pesticides ( 85 insecticides, 27 herbicides, and 9 fungicides from 17 different chemical classes) on 118 species of plants. They found that Hoerger Kenaga estimates needed only minor modifications to elevate the predictive values for forage and fruit categories from 58 to 135 ppm and from 7 to 15 ppm, respectively. Otherwise, the Hoerger Kenaga estimates were accurate in predicting the maximum residue values after a 1 lb ai/ A application. Mean values represent the arithmetic mean of values from samples collected the day of pesticide treatment. These values, summarized in Table C 1, are the predicted 0 day maximum and mean residues of a pesticide that may be expected to occur on selected avian, mammalian, reptilian, or terrestrialphase amphibian food items immediately following a direct single application at a 1 lb ai/ A application rate. For pesticides applied as a non granular product ( e. g., liquid, dust), the EECs on food items following product application are compared to LC 50 values to assess risk.

Spreadsheet based Terrestrial Exposure Values The initial concentration on the plant surface ( C i ) is calculated based on Kenaga and Fletcher by multiplying the application rate, in pounds active ingredient per acre, by 240 for short grass, 110 for tall grass, 135 for broad leaf plants/ insects, and 15 for seeds. A similar approach is used to calculate mean residues ( see Table C 1). Additional applications are converted from pounds Appendices 137 active ingredient per acre to ppm on the plant surface and the additional mass is added to the mass of the chemical still present on the surfaces on the day of application. The concentration at each day after an application is assumed to decrease according to first order kinetics. The decay is calculated from the standard first order rate equation:

CT = C i e kT or in integrated form: ln ( CT/ C i ) =  kT where:

CT = concentration at time T on day zero. C i = concentration in parts per million ( ppm) present initially ( on day zero) on the surfaces. k = degradation rate constant determined from studies of hydrolysis, photolysis, microbial degradation, etc. Since degradation rate is generally reported in terms of half life, the rate constant is calculated from the input half life ( k = ln 2/ T 1/ 2 ) instead of being input directly. Choosing which process controls the degradation rate and which half life to use in terrestrial exposure calculations is open for debate and should be done by a qualified scientist.

T = time, in days, since the start of the simulation. The initial application is on day 0. The simulation is set to run for 365 days.

ELL FATE calculates the maximum and mean residue concentrations on each type of surface on a daily interval for one year.

Table C 1. Kenaga values used in ELL FATE ( 2004) Version 1.4.

Foliage type Maximum residues Mean residues Short grass 240 85 Tall grass 110 36 Broadleaf plants and small insects 135 45 Fruits/ pods/ large insects 15 7 Appendices 138 Literature Cited Beyer, W. N.; Connor, E; Gerould, S. 1994. Survey of soil ingestion by wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Management. 58: 375 382.

ELL FATE. 2004. Terrestrial Exposure and Risk Model Version 1.4. April 7, 2004. Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C.

Fletcher, JS; Nellessen, JE; Pfleeger, TG. 1994. Literature review and evaluation of the EPA food chain ( Kenaga) Nomogram, an instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants. Environ Toxicol Chem 13( 9): 1383  1391.

Hoerger F; Kenaga, EE. 1972. Pesticide Residues on Plants: Correlation of Representative Data as a Basis for Estimation of Their Magnitude in the Environment. Agricultural Department, Dow Chemical Corporation, Midland, MI. 18 pgs. Appendices 139 APPENDIX D. TerrPlant Model and Results No plant toxicity data were submitted, therefore, TerrPlant was not run. Appendices 140 APPENDIX E. Ecological Effects Data Overview The toxicity testing required does not test all species of birds, fish, mammals, invertebrates, and plants. Only two surrogate species for birds ( Bobwhite quail and mallard ducks) are used to represent all bird species ( over 900 in the U. S.), three species of freshwater fish ( rainbow trout, bluegill sunfish and fathead minnow) are used to represent all freshwater fish species ( over 900 in the U. S.), and one estuarine/ marine fish species ( sheepshead minnow) is used to represent all estuarine/ marine fish ( over 300 in the U. S.). The surrogate species for terrestrial invertebrates is the honey bee, for freshwater invertebrates the surrogate species is usually the waterflea ( Daphnia magna) and for estuarine/ marine invertebrates the surrogate species are mysid shrimp and eastern oyster. These four species are used to represent all invertebrate species ( over 10,000 in the U. S.). For plants, there are ten surrogate species used for all terrestrial plants and five surrogate species used for all aquatic plants. There are over 20,000 plant species in the U. S. which includes flowering plants, conifers, ferns, mosses, liverworts, hornworts and lichens with over 27,000 species of algae worldwide.

The surrogate species testing scheme used in this assessment assumes that a chemicals mechanism of action and toxicity found for avian species is similar to that in all reptiles ( over 300 species in the U. S.). The same assumption applies to amphibians ( over 200 species in the U. S.) and fish; the tadpole stage of amphibians is assumed to have the same sensitivity as a fish. Therefore, the results from toxicity tests on surrogate species are considered applicable to other member species within their class and are extrapolated to reptiles and amphibians. The U. S. species numbers noted in this section were taken from: http:// www. natureserve. org/ summary ( NatureServe: An online encyclopedia of life [ web application] 2000) and the worldwide species number from Ecological Planning and Toxicology, Inc. 1996.

a. Toxicity to Terrestrial Animals In general, categories of acute toxicity for avian species can be classified according to the toxicity reference value ( LC 50 ) given by a study ( EPA, 2001):

LC50 ( ppm) Toxicity Category < 50 Very highly toxic 50  500 Highly toxic 501  1000 Moderately toxic 1001  5000 Slightly toxic > 5000 Practically nontoxic Appendices 141 Similarly, categories of acute toxicity for mammalian species can be classified according to the toxicity reference value ( LD 50 ) given by a study ( EPA, 2001):

LD50 ( mg a. i./ kg) Toxicity Category < 10 Very highly toxic 10  50 Highly toxic 51  500 Moderately toxic 501  2000 Slightly toxic > 2000 Practically nontoxic i. Birds, Acute and Subacute An acute oral toxicity study using the technical grade of the active ingredient ( TGAI) is required to establish the toxicity of pyrethrins to birds. The preferred test species is either Mallard duck ( a waterfowl) or Bobwhite quail ( an upland gamebird). The data that were submitted show that the LD 50 is > 2,000 mg/ kg for Bobwhite quail. Based on these results, pyrethrins are categorized as practically non toxic to avian species on an acute oral basis; the guideline ( 71 1) is fulfilled ( MRID 42010901).

Table E 1. Avian acute oral toxicity.

Species % a. i. LD50 ( mg/ kg bw) Toxicity category MRID Study classificatio n Bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus) 57.6 > 2,000 Practically non toxic 42010901 Campbell and Lynn, 1991 Core Two subacute dietary studies using the TGAI are required to establish the acute toxicity of pyrethrins to birds. The preferred test species are mallard duck and Bobwhite quail. The data that were submitted show that the LC 50 is > 5,620 mg/ kg; therefore, pyrethrins are categorized as practically non toxic to avian species on a subacute dietary basis. The guideline ( 71 2) is fulfilled ( MRID 41968801; MRID 41968802). Appendices 142 Table E 2. Avian subacute dietary studies.

Species % a. i. 5 day LC50 ( mg/ kg diet) Toxicity category MRID Study classificatio n Bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus) 57.6 > 5,620 Practically non toxic 41968801 Grimes et al., 1991 Core Mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos) 57.6 > 5,620 Practically non toxic 41968802 Grimes et al., 1991 Core ii. Birds, Chronic Avian reproduction studies using the TGAI are required for pyrethrins because, given their environmental fate characteristics, birds may be subject to repeated or continuous exposure to this class of pesticides, especially preceding or during the breeding season. In terrestrial environments, pyrethrins exhibit low mobility, without leaching to ground water. Pyrethrins are stable to hydrolysis under acidic or neutral conditions, but undergo hydrolysis under alkaline conditions ( hydrolysis half life= stable at pH 5 and pH 7; 14  17 days at pH 9). Pyrethrins remain near the soil surface and degrade via aerobic soil metabolism ( half life= 9.5 days) and photolysis ( half life of less than a day). Pyrethrins are moderately persistent under aerobic aquatic metabolism ( half life= 10.5 days) and more persistent under anaerobic aquatic metabolism ( halflife 86.1 days). Pyrethrins undergo direct photolysis in sunlit surface waters ( aqueous photolysis half life of about 12 hours). These characteristics contribute to the possibility that birds will be chronically exposed to this class of compounds, so the submission of avian reproduction studies is required to assess chronic risk and fulfill the guideline requirement ( 71 4). The preferred test species are mallard duck and Bobwhite quail.

iii. Mammals, Acute and Chronic Wild mammal testing is required on a case by case basis, depending on the results of lower tier laboratory mammalian studies, intended use pattern and pertinent environmental fate characteristics. In most cases, rat or mouse toxicity values obtained from the Agency's Health Effects Division ( HED) substitute for wild mammal testing. These toxicity values are reported below. Appendices 143 Table E 3. Mammalian acute and chronic toxicity.

Species % a. i. Test type Toxicity category Affected endpoints MRID, Author, Year Rat ( Rattus norvegicus) Purity not reported; ( Pyrethrin 1/ 2) Acute LD50 = 3,810 mg/ kg ( males); 1,210 mg/ kg ( females) Mortality 263780 Bioresearch Inc., 1986 Rat ( Rattus norvegicus) 57.467 ( FEK 99) Acute LD50 = 2,140 mg/ kg ( males); 700 mg/ kg ( females) Mortality 42008101 Bioresearch Inc., 1991 Rat ( Rattus norvegicus) Purity not reported; ( FEK 99) Acute LD50 = 2,370 mg/ kg ( males); 1,030 mg/ kg ( females) Mortality 42599501 Bioresearch Inc., 1986 Rat ( Rattus norvegicus) 57.574 ( FEK 99) 2nd Genera tion reproduction NOAEL ( M/ F) = 6.4/ 65 mg/ kg/ day ( 100/ 1000ppm)

LOAEL ( M/ F) = 65/ 196 mg/ kg/ day ( 1000/ 3000 ppm)

NOAEL= 6.4 mg/ kg/ day ( 100 ppm)

LOAEL= 65 mg/ kg/ day ( 1000 ppm) Parentala Reproductionb 41327501 IRDC, 1989 aMale body weight reduction during growth ( F1 parental). Male and female body weight reduction during F1 parental and F2 ( b and c). BReduction of F1b pup body weights during lactation.

The results indicate that pyrethrins are categorized as slightly toxic to small mammals on an acute oral basis ( LD 50 = 700 mg/ kg body weight).

In the 2nd generation rat reproduction study, parental systemic ( males) and reproductive toxicity Appendices 144 were detected at 1000 ppm and parental systemic toxicity was detected in females at 3000 ppm. The NOAEL for parental systemic ( male) and reproductive toxicity was 100 ppm.

iv. Terrestrial Insects, Acute Insect Acute Contact A honey bee acute contact study using the TGAI is required for pyrethrins because their outdoor treatment use will result in honey bee exposure. The acute contact LD 50 , using the honey bee, Apis mellifera, is an acute contact, single dose laboratory study designed to estimate the quantity of toxicant required to cause 50% mortality in a test population of bees. The TGAI is administered by one of two methods: whole body exposure to technical pesticide in a nontoxic dust diluent or topical exposure to technical pesticide via micro applicator. The median lethal dose ( LD 50 ) is expressed in micrograms of active ingredient per bee (: g a. i./ bee). Results of this study, which also included an oral toxicity test, are tabulated below ( Table B 4).

The following toxicity category descriptions were developed by Atkins ( 1981) and have been used by EFED to characterize honey bee acute contact toxicity values ( EPA, 2001):

Acute Contact LD50 ( : g a. i./ bee) Toxicity Category < 2 Highly toxic 2 to < 11 Moderately toxic > 11 Practically nontoxic The worst case scenario acute contact LD 50 for pyrethrins is 0.022 : g a. i./ bee. Based on this study, pyrethrins are classified as highly toxic to bees on a contact exposure basis. The guideline ( 141 1) is fulfilled ( MRID 41968803).

The Office of Pesticide Programs ( OPP) does not have a categorization scheme for acute oral toxicity to honey bees ( EPA, 2001). However, the following acute oral toxicity categorization scheme based on ICBB ( 1985) categorization is provided for informational purposes:

Acute Oral LD50 ( : g a. i./ bee) Toxicity Category < 1.0 Highly toxic 1 to < 10 Moderately toxic 10 to < 100 Slightly Appendices 145 > 100 Virtually nontoxic The acute oral LD50 for honeybees is 0.15 : g a. i./ bee ( MRID 05004151), providing additional evidence that pyrethrins are acutely toxic to honey bees and terrestrial invertebrates. The acute oral toxicity portion of the study is categorized as supplemental because the submission of honey bee acute oral toxicity studies is not a guideline requirement and the core classification is reserved for guideline studies that fulfill guideline requirements.

Table E 4. Honey bee acute contact and oral toxicity.

Species/ study duration % ai LD50 (: g a. i./ bee) Toxicity category MRID, Author, Year Study classificatio n Honey Bee Acute Contact Toxicity Honey bee ( Apis mellifera)/ 48 hour 57.6 0.022 Highly toxic 41968803, Lynn and Hoxter, 1991 Core Honey bee ( Apis mellifera)/ 24 hour Multiple pyrethrins; purity not reported 0.13  0.29 Highly toxic 05004151, Stevenson, 1968 Supplemental Honey Bee Acute Oral Toxicity Honey bee ( Apis mellifera)/ 24 hour Multiple pyrethrins; purity not reported 0.15 Not applicablea 05004151, Stevenson, 1968 Supplemental aOPP does not categorize honey bee acute oral toxicity study results.

b. Toxicity to Freshwater Aquatic Animals i. Freshwater Fish, Acute Two freshwater fish toxicity studies using the TGAI are required to establish the acute toxicity of pyrethrins to fish. The preferred test species are rainbow trout ( a coldwater fish) and bluegill sunfish ( a warmwater fish). In general, categories of acute toxicity for aquatic organisms can be classified according to the toxicity reference value ( LC 50 ) given by a study ( EPA 2001): Appendices 146 LC50 ( ppm) Toxicity Category < 0.1 Very highly toxic 0.1  1 Highly toxic > 1  10 Moderately toxic > 10  100 Slightly toxic > 100 Practically nontoxic The data that were submitted show that the LC 50 is 3.4  10 ppb for bluegill sunfish and 3.2  5.1 ppb for rainbow trout. EFED will use the worst case value ( LC 50 = 3.2 ppb) for evaluating acute toxic exposure to freshwater fish. Based on these results, pyrethrins are categorized as very highly toxic (< 100 ppb) to freshwater fish on an acute basis. The guideline ( 72 1) is fulfilled ( MRID 43082301; MRID 43082302; MRID 43082303; MRID 43082304).

Table E 5. Freshwater fish acute toxicity.

Species % a. i. 96 Hour LC50 (: g/ L) Toxicity category MRID, Author, Year Study classification Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus) 57.5 10 Very highly toxic 43082301, Machado, 1994 Core Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus) 6.02 3.4 Very highly toxic 43082302, Machado, 1994 Core Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) 57.5 5.1 Very highly toxic 43082303, Machado, 1994 Core Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) 6.02 3.2 Very highly toxic 43082304, Machado, 1994 Core ii. Freshwater Fish, Chronic A freshwater fish early life stage test using the TGAI is required for pyrethrins because end use products could contaminate surface water through drift or runoff events and, thus, may be transported to water from the intended use site. Furthermore, the following conditions are met: ( 1) pyrethrins are intended for use such that their presence in water is likely to be continuous or recurrent regardless of toxicity; ( 2) studies on aquatic invertebrates showed very highly toxic Appendices 147 acute and reproductive effects ( daphnid 48 hour EC 50 = 6.7 ppb; daphnid 21 day LOAEC = 2.0 ppb) and, ( 3) pyrethrins that are not quickly photodegraded in sunlit surface waters may be moderately persistent since hydrolysis, and biodegradation are not as rapid ( pyrethrins are hydrolytically stable at pH 5 and 7 and have a hydrolysis half life of 14  17 days at pH 9; aquatic metabolism half life= 10.5 days ( aerobic) and 86.1 days ( anaerobic)).

A chronic early life stage study conducted using the fathead minnow showed that exposure to 3.0 ppb significantly reduced hatching success, length and wet weight of freshwater fish. The NOAEC of 1.9 ppb will be used for risk assessment purposes. The guideline ( 72 4) is fulfilled ( MRID 43252701).

Table E 6. Freshwater fish early life stage toxicity.

Species % a. i. NOAEC/ LOAEC (: g/ L) Endpoints affected MRID, Author, Year Study classification Fathead minnow ( Pimephales promelas) 57.5 1.9/ 3.0 Length and dry weight 43252701, Machado, 1994 Core iii. Freshwater Invertebrates, Acute A freshwater aquatic invertebrate toxicity test using the TGAI is required to establish the toxicity of pyrethrins to aquatic invertebrates. The preferred test species is Daphnia magna. The data that were submitted showed that pyrethrins are very highly toxic to Daphnia magna with an acute 48 hour EC 50 value of 6.7  11.6 ppb. EFED will use the worst case value ( EC 50 = 6.7 ppb) for evaluating acute toxic exposure to freshwater invertebrates. The guideline requirements ( 72 2) for acute invertebrate toxicity are fulfilled ( MRID 43082305; MRID 43082306).

Table E 7. Freshwater invertebrate acute toxicity.

Species % a. i. 48 Hour EC50 (: g/ L) Toxicity category MRID, Author, Year Study classification Waterflea ( Daphnia magna) 57.5 11.6 Very highly toxic 43082305, Putt, 1994 Core Table E 7. Freshwater invertebrate acute toxicity.

Species % a. i. 48 Hour EC50 (: g/ L) Toxicity category MRID, Author, Year Study classification Appendices 148 Waterflea ( Daphnia magna) 6.02 6.7 Very highly toxic 43082306, Putt, 1994 Core iv. Freshwater Invertebrate, Chronic A freshwater aquatic invertebrate life cycle test using the TGAI is required for pyrethrins because the end use products could contaminate surface water through drift or runoff events and, thus, may be transported to water from the intended use site. Furthermore, the following conditions are met: ( 1) pyrethrins are intended for use such that their presence in water is likely to be continuous or recurrent regardless of toxicity; ( 2) all aquatic acute LC 50 or EC 50 values are less than 1 ppm ( daphnid 48 hour EC 50 = 6.7  11.6 ppb), showing very highly toxic effects to aquatic invertebrates; and ( 3) pyrethrins that are not quickly photodegraded in sunlit surface waters may be moderately persistent since hydrolysis, and biodegradation are not as rapid ( pyrethrins are hydrolytically stable at pH 5 and 7 and have a hydrolysis half life of 14  17 days at pH 9; aquatic metabolism half life= 10.5 days ( aerobic) and 86.1 days ( anaerobic).

The preferred test is a 21 day life cycle on Daphnia magna. The data that were submitted show that pyrethrins have the potential for chronic toxicity to daphnids and possibly other freshwater invertebrates. Exposure to 2.0 ppb can result in reproductive effects, including the reduced number of offspring produced per adult. The NOAEC of 0.86 ppb will be used in assessing risk. The guideline ( 72 4) is fulfilled ( MRID 43252702).

Table E 8. Freshwater Aquatic Invertebrate Chronic Toxicity.

Species % a. i. NOAEC/ LOAEC ( ppb) Endpoints affected MRID, Author, Year Study classification Waterflea ( Daphnia magna) 57.5 0.86/ 2.0 Reproduction 43252702 Putt, 1994 Core v. Freshwater Field Studies Appendices 149 No data submitted.

c. Toxicity to Estuarine and Marine Animals I. Estuarine and Marine Fish, Acute Acute toxicity testing with estuarine/ marine fish using the TGAI is required for pyrethrins because end use products are expected to reach this environment due to their widespread use. The preferred test species is sheepshead minnow. The data submitted showed that the LC 50 = 3.8  16.0 ppb; therefore, pyrethrins are categorized as very highly toxic to estuarine/ marine fish on an acute basis. The guideline ( 72 3) is fulfilled ( MRID 43082307; MRID 43082308).

Table E 9. Estuarine/ marine fish acute toxicity.

Species % a. i. 96 Hour LC50 ( ppb) Toxicity category MRID, Author, Year Study classification Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegatus) 57.5 16 Very highly toxic 43082307, Machado, 1994 Core Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegatus) 6.02 3.8 Very highly toxic 43082308, Machado, 1994 Core ii. Estuarine and Marine Fish, Chronic No data submitted.

iii. Estuarine and Marine Invertebrates, Acute Acute toxicity testing with estuarine/ marine invertebrates using the TGAI is required for pyrethrins because end use products are expected to reach this environment due to their widespread use. The preferred test species are mysid shrimp and Eastern oyster. The data showed that pyrethrins significantly reduced shell deposition of Eastern oysters ( EC 50 = 26  77.6 ppb) and survival of mysid shrimp ( LC 50 = 0.14  1.4 ppb), categorizing these compounds as very highly toxic. Supplemental data were submitted that showed pyrethrins are also very highly toxic to the crustacean amphipod Gammarus lacustris ( LC 50 = 12.0 ppb). EFED will use the worst case value, LC 50 = 0.14 ppb, for evaluating acute toxic exposure to estuarine/ marine invertebrates. The data requirements ( 72 3b and 72 3c) are fulfilled ( MRID 43082309; MRID 43082310; MRID 43082311; MRID 43082312). Appendices 150 Table E 10. Estuarine/ marine invertebrate acute toxicity.

Species % a. i.. 96 Hour acute toxicity LC50/ EC50 ( ppb) Toxicity category MRID, Author, Year Study classificatio n Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica) 57.5 EC50= 77.6 Very highly toxic 43082309, Dionne, 1994 Core Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica) 6.02 EC50= 26.0 Very highly toxic 43082310, Dionne, 1994 Core Mysid ( Mysidopsis bahia) 57.5 LC50= 1.4 Very highly toxic 43082311, Machado, 1994 Core Mysid ( Mysidopsis bahia) 6.02 LC50= 0.14 Very highly toxic 43082312, Machado, 1994 Core Scud ( Gammarus lacustris) Formulatio n purity not reported LC50= 12.0 Very highly toxic 05009242, Sanders, 1969 Supplemental iv. Estuarine and Marine Invertebrate, Chronic An estuarine/ marine invertebrate life cycle toxicity test using the TGAI is required for pyrethrins because the end use products could contaminate surface water through drift or runoff events and, thus, may be transported to water from the intended use site. Furthermore, the following conditions are met: ( 1) pyrethrins are intended for use such that their presence in water is likely to be continuous or recurrent regardless of toxicity; ( 2) all aquatic acute LC 50 and EC 50 values were less than 1 ppm ( EC 50 / LC 50 = 0.14  77.6 ppb), and ( 3) pyrethrins that are not quickly photodegraded in sunlit surface waters may be moderately persistent since hydrolysis, and biodegradation are not as rapid ( pyrethrins are hydrolytically stable at pH 5 and 7 and have a hydrolysis half life of 14  17 days at pH 9; aquatic metabolism half life= 10.5 days ( aerobic) and 86.1 days ( anaerobic)).

The preferred test species is mysid shrimp. No data were submitted, so the guideline ( § 72 4c) is not fulfilled.

v. Estuarine and Marine Field Studies No data submitted. Appendices 151 d. Toxicity to Aquatic and Terrestrial Plants I. Aquatic Plants Several aquatic plant toxicity studies using the TGAI are required to establish the toxicity of pyrethrins to non target aquatic plants. The recommendation is for testing on five species: freshwater green alga ( Selenastrum capricornutum), duckweed ( Lemna gibba), marine diatom ( Skeletonema costatum), blue green algae ( Anabaena flos aquae), and a freshwater diatom. No data were submitted. It is required that these data be submitted because of the repeated use, possible persistence of pyrethrins in aquatic environments and because of the reported incidents of crop and ornamental plant damage from agricultural and residential use. The guideline requirements ( § 122 2 and 123 2) are not fulfilled.

ii. Terrestrial Plants Terrestrial Tier II studies are required for all low dose pesticides ( those with the maximum use rate of 0.5 lbs a. i./ A or less) and for any pesticide showing a negative response equal to or greater than 25% in Tier I studies. The recommendations for seedling emergence and vegetative vigor studies are for testing of ( 1) six species of at least four dicotyledonous families, one species of which is soybean ( Glycine max) and the second of which is a root crop, and ( 2) four species of at least two monocotyledonous families, one of which is corn ( Zea mays).

No terrestrial plant toxicity studies were submitted. It is required that these data be submitted because of the repeated use and persistence of pyrethrins in terrestrial environments ( aerobic soil metabolism half life= 9.5 days) and the reported incidents of crop and ornamental plant damage from agricultural and residential use. The guidelines ( § 122 1a& b and 123 1a& b) are not fulfilled. Appendices 152 Appendix E  Literature Cited EPA ( U. S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2001. Ecological Risk Assessor Orientation Package, Draft. Montague M., Ecological Fate and Environmental Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C. August. Appendices 153 APPENDIX F. Risk Quotient Method and Levels of Concern The risks to terrestrial and aquatic organisms are determined based on a method by which risk quotients ( RQs) are compared with Levels of Concern ( LOCs). This method provides an indication of a chemical's potential to cause an effect in the field from effects observed in laboratory studies, when used as directed. Risk quotients are expressed as the ratio of the estimated environmental concentration ( EEC) to the species specific toxicity reference value ( TRV):

RQ EEC TRV =

Units for EEC and TRV should be the same ( e. g., : g/ L or ppb). The RQ is compared to the LOC as part of a risk characterization. Acute and chronic LOCs for terrestrial and aquatic organisms are given in recent Agency guidance ( U. S. EPA, 2004) and summarized in Table F 1 below.

For acute exposure to terrestrial and aquatic plants, an LOC of 1 is used. Currently the Agency does not perform assessments for chronic risk to plants or acute/ chronic risks to non target insects.

For this screening level assessment, acute exposure to aquatic organisms is represented by the maximum 0 day EEC value calculated using PRZM/ EXAMS. EECs used to assess acute and chronic risk to avian and mammalian species were calculated using ELL FATE. Appendices 154 Table F 1. Level of concern ( LOC) by risk presumption category ( U. S. EPA, 2004).

Risk presumption RQ LOC Mammals and Birds Acute Riska EECb/ LC50 or LD50/ sq. ft. c or LD50/ dayd 0.5 Acute Restricted Usee EEC/ LC50 or LD50/ sq. ft. or LD50/ day ( or LD50 < 50 mg/ kg) 0.2 Acute Endangered Speciesf EEC/ LC50 or LD50/ sq. ft. or LD50/ day 0.1 Chronic Riskg EEC/ NOEC 1 Aquatic Animals Acute Risk EECh/ LC50 or EC50 0.5 Acute Restricted Use EEC/ LC50 or EC50 0.1 Acute Endangered Species EEC/ LC50 or EC50 0.05 Chronic Risk EEC/ NOEC 1 Terrestrial and Semi aquatic Plants Acute Risk EEC/ EC25 1 Acute Endangered Species EEC/ EC05 or NOEC 1 Aquatic Plants Acute Risk EECi/ EC50 1 Acute Endangered Species EECh/ EC05 or NOEC 1 aAcute  potential for acute effects to non target organisms if RQ > LOC ( U. S. EPA, 2004). bEstimated environmental concentration ( ppm) on avian/ mammalian food items. cmg/ ft2 dmg of toxicant consumed per day eAcute Restricted Use  potential for acute effects to non target organisms, but may be mitigated through restricted use classification, if RQ > LOC ( U. S. EPA, 2004). fAcute Endangered Species  potential for acute effects to endangered species if RQ > LOC ( U. S. EPA, 2004). gChronic  potential for chronic effects to non target organisms if RQ > LOC ( U. S. EPA, 2004). hEEC = ppb or ppm in water iEEC = lbs a. i./ A Appendices 155 APPENDIX G Literature Cited EPA ( U. S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1989. Endangered Species Program. Washington, DC. Federal Register: 27984 28008, July 3.

EPA ( U. S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2004. Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide Programs. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Endangered and Threatened Species Effects Determinations, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D. C. 100 pgs. January 23. Appendices 156 APPENDIX H. Summary of Endangered/ Threatened Species Endangered Species Detail by State for Screening Level Assessment Crops associated with habitats of listed species: Alfalfa hay ( 1), Apples ( 5), Citrus, all ( 3), Corn, field ( 305), Corn, pop ( 153), Corn, sweet ( 190), Corn, sweet, for seed ( 189), Cotton ( 43), Grapes ( 76), Onions, dry ( 57), Onions, green ( 80), Peaches ( 142), Potatoes ( excluding sweet potatoes) ( 154), Soybeans ( 176), Tomatoes ( 201), Wheat for grain, total ( 210), Wheat, all ( 320), Wheat, durum for grain ( 58)

Alabama ( 52 affected species) Critical Habitat?

ACORNSHELL, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No CAVEFISH, ALABAMA Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, SPOTFIN Threatened Fish Yes CLUBSHELL, OVATE Endangered Clam No CLUBSHELL, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No COMBSHELL, CUMBERLAND Endangered Clam No COMBSHELL, SOUTHERN (= PENITENT MUSSEL) Endangered Clam No COMBSHELL, UPLAND Endangered Clam No DARTER, BOULDER Endangered Fish No DARTER, GOLDLINE Threatened Fish No DARTER, SLACKWATER Threatened Fish Yes DARTER, SNAIL Threatened Fish No DARTER, VERMILION Endangered Fish No DARTER, WATERCRESS Endangered Fish No HEELSPLITTER, INFLATED Threatened Clam No KIDNEYSHELL, TRIANGULAR Endangered Clam No MOCCASINSHELL, ALABAMA Threatened Clam No MOCCASINSHELL, COOSA Endangered Clam No MUCKET, ORANGE NACRE Threatened Clam No MUSSEL, RING PINK (= GOLF STICK PEARLY) Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ALABAMA LAMP Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CRACKING Endangered Clam No Appendices 157 PEARLYMUSSEL, CUMBERLAND MONKEYFACE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ORANGE FOOTED Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PALE LILLIPUT Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, TURGID BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE WARTYBACK Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, DARK Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, FINE RAYED Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, FLAT (= MARSHALL'S MUSSEL) Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, HEAVY (= JUDGE TAIT'S MUSSEL) Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, ROUGH Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, SHINY Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FINE LINED Threatened Clam No POCKETBOOK, SHINY RAYED Endangered Clam No SALAMANDER, FLATWOODS Threatened Amphibian No SALAMANDER, RED HILLS Threatened Amphibian No SCULPIN, PYGMY Threatened Fish No SHINER, BLUE Endangered Fish No SHINER, CAHABA Endangered Fish No SHINER, PALEZONE Endangered Fish No SHRIMP, ALABAMA CAVE Endangered Crustacean No STIRRUP SHELL Endangered Clam No STURGEON, ALABAMA Endangered Fish No STURGEON, GULF Threatened Fish Yes TREEFROG, PINE BARRENS E/ T Amphibian No Arizona ( 26 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CATFISH, YAQUI Threatened Fish Yes CHUB, BONYTAIL Endangered Fish Yes Chub, Gila Endangered Fish No CHUB, HUMPBACK Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, SONORA Threatened Fish Yes Appendices 158 CHUB, VIRGIN RIVER Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, YAQUI Endangered Fish Yes FROG, CHIRICAHUA LEOPARD Threatened Amphibian No MINNOW, LOACH Threatened Fish Yes PUPFISH, DESERT Endangered Fish Yes SALAMANDER, SONORA TIGER Endangered Amphibian No SHINER, BEAUTIFUL Threatened Fish Yes SPIKEDACE Threatened Fish Yes SPINEDACE, LITTLE COLORADO Threatened Fish Yes SQUAWFISH, COLORADO Endangered Fish Yes SQUIRREL, MOUNT GRAHAM RED Endangered Mammal Yes SUCKER, RAZORBACK Endangered Fish Yes TOPMINNOW, GILA ( YAQUI) Endangered Fish No TROUT, APACHE Threatened Fish No TROUT, GILA Endangered Fish No Arkansas ( 14 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CAVEFISH, OZARK Threatened Fish No CRAYFISH, CAVE ( CAMBARUS ACULABRUM) Endangered Crustacean No CRAYFISH, CAVE ( CAMBARUS ZOPHONASTES) Endangered Crustacean No DARTER, LEOPARD Threatened Fish Yes FATMUCKET, ARKANSAS Threatened Clam No MUSSEL, SCALESHELL Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FAT Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, SPECKLED Endangered Clam No ROCK POCKETBOOK, OUACHITA (= WHEELER'S PM) Endangered Clam No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No California ( 65 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CHUB, BONYTAIL Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, COWHEAD LAKE TUI Endangered Fish No CHUB, MOHAVE TUI Endangered Fish No Appendices 159 CHUB, OWENS TUI Endangered Fish Yes CRAYFISH, SHASTA Endangered Crustacean No DACE, ASH MEADOWS SPECKLED Endangered Fish Yes FROG, CALIFORNIA RED LEGGED Threatened Amphibian No FROG, MOUNTAIN YELLOW LEGGED Endangered Amphibian No GOBY, TIDEWATER Endangered Fish Yes PUPFISH, DESERT Endangered Fish Yes PUPFISH, OWENS Endangered Fish No RABBIT, RIPARIAN BRUSH Endangered Mammal No SALAMANDER, CALIFORNIA TIGER Endangered Amphibian No SALAMANDER, DESERT SLENDER Endangered Amphibian No SALAMANDER, SANTA CRUZ LONG TOED Endangered Amphibian No SALMON, CHINOOK ( CALIFORNIA COASTAL ESU) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( CENTRAL VALLEY SPRING RUN) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( SACRAMENTO RIVER WINTER RUN) Endangered Fish No SALMON, COHO ( CENTRAL CALIFORNIA COAST POP) Endangered Fish No SALMON, COHO ( SOUTHERN OR/ NORTHERN CA COAST) Threatened Fish No SHRIMP, CALIFORNIA FRESHWATER Endangered Crustacean No SHRIMP, CONSERVANCY FAIRY Endangered Crustacean Yes SHRIMP, LONGHORN FAIRY Endangered Crustacean Yes SHRIMP, RIVERSIDE FAIRY Endangered Crustacean No SHRIMP, SAN DIEGO FAIRY Endangered Crustacean Yes SHRIMP, VERNAL POOL FAIRY Threatened Crustacean Yes SHRIMP, VERNAL POOL TADPOLE Endangered Crustacean Yes SMELT, DELTA Threatened Fish No SQUAWFISH, COLORADO Endangered Fish Yes STEELHEAD, CALIFORNIA CENTRAL VALLEY POP Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, CENTRAL CALIFORNIA POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, NORTHERN CALIFORNIA POPULATION Threatened Fish No STEELHEAD, SOUTH CENTRAL CALIFORNIA POP Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA POPULATION Endangered Fish Yes STICKLEBACK, UNARMORED THREESPINE Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, LOST RIVER Endangered Fish No SUCKER, MODOC Endangered Fish Yes Appendices 160 SUCKER, RAZORBACK Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, SANTA ANA Threatened Fish Yes SUCKER, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No TOAD, ARROYO SOUTHWESTERN Endangered Amphibian Yes TROUT, LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT Threatened Fish No TROUT, LITTLE KERN GOLDEN Threatened Fish Yes TROUT, PAIUTE CUTTHROAT Threatened Fish No Colorado ( 5 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CHUB, BONYTAIL Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, HUMPBACK Endangered Fish Yes SQUAWFISH, COLORADO Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, RAZORBACK Endangered Fish Yes TROUT, GREENBACK CUTTHROAT Threatened Fish No Connecticut ( 3 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No WHALE, NORTHERN RIGHT Endangered Mammal Yes Delaware ( 1 affected species) Critical Habitat?

STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No Florida ( 13 affected species) Critical Habitat?

BANKCLIMBER, PURPLE Threatened Clam No DARTER, OKALOOSA Endangered Fish No MOCCASINSHELL, GULF Endangered Clam No MOCCASINSHELL, OCHLOCKONEE Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, OVAL Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, SHINY RAYED Endangered Clam No SALAMANDER, FLATWOODS Threatened Amphibian No SAWFISH, SMALLTOOTH Endangered Fish No SHRIMP, SQUIRREL CHIMNEY CAVE Threatened Crustacean No SLABSHELL, CHIPOLA Threatened Clam No STURGEON, GULF Threatened Fish Yes Appendices 161 STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No THREERIDGE, FAT Endangered Clam No Georgia ( 27 affected species) Critical Habitat?

ACORNSHELL, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No BANKCLIMBER, PURPLE Threatened Clam No CHUB, SPOTFIN Threatened Fish Yes CLUBSHELL, OVATE Endangered Clam No CLUBSHELL, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No COMBSHELL, UPLAND Endangered Clam No DARTER, AMBER Endangered Fish Yes DARTER, CHEROKEE Threatened Fish No DARTER, ETOWAH Endangered Fish No DARTER, GOLDLINE Threatened Fish No DARTER, SNAIL Threatened Fish No KIDNEYSHELL, TRIANGULAR Endangered Clam No LOGPERCH, CONASAUGA Endangered Fish Yes MADTOM, YELLOWFIN Threatened Fish Yes MOCCASINSHELL, ALABAMA Threatened Clam No MOCCASINSHELL, COOSA Endangered Clam No MOCCASINSHELL, GULF Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, OVAL Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FINE LINED Threatened Clam No POCKETBOOK, SHINY RAYED Endangered Clam No SALAMANDER, FLATWOODS Threatened Amphibian No SHINER, BLUE Endangered Fish No STURGEON, GULF Threatened Fish Yes STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No THREERIDGE, FAT Endangered Clam No Hawaii ( 1 affected species) Critical Habitat?

AMPHIPOD, KAUAI CAVE Endangered Crustacean Yes Appendices 162 Idaho ( 6 affected species) Critical Habitat?

SALMON, CHINOOK ( SNAKE RIVER FALL RUN) Threatened Fish No SALMON, CHINOOK ( SNAKE RIVER SPRING/ SUMMER) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, SOCKEYE ( SNAKE RIVER POPULATION) Endangered Fish No STEELHEAD, SNAKE RIVER BASIN POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STURGEON, WHITE Endangered Fish Yes TROUT, BULL Threatened Fish No Illinois ( 8 affected species) Critical Habitat?

AMPHIPOD, ILLINOIS CAVE Endangered Crustacean No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, HIGGINS' EYE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ORANGE FOOTED Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE WARTYBACK Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FAT Endangered Clam No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Indiana ( 10 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL Endangered Clam No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No MUSSEL, RING PINK (= GOLF STICK PEARLY) Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ORANGE FOOTED Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, TUBERCLED BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE CAT'S PAW Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE WARTYBACK Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, ROUGH Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FAT Endangered Clam No Iowa ( 4 affected species) Critical Habitat? Appendices 163 PEARLYMUSSEL, HIGGINS' EYE Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FAT Endangered Clam No SHINER, TOPEKA Endangered Fish No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Kansas ( 4 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MADTOM, NEOSHO Threatened Fish No SHINER, ARKANSAS RIVER Threatened Fish Yes SHINER, TOPEKA Endangered Fish No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Kentucky ( 27 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL Endangered Clam No COMBSHELL, CUMBERLAND Endangered Clam No DACE, BLACKSIDE Threatened Fish No DARTER, BLUEMASK (= JEWEL) Endangered Fish No DARTER, RELICT Endangered Fish No ELKTOE, CUMBERLAND Endangered Clam No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No MUSSEL, OYSTER Endangered Clam No MUSSEL, RING PINK (= GOLF STICK PEARLY) Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, APPALACHIAN MONKEYFACE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CRACKING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CUMBERLAND BEAN Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, DROMEDARY Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, LITTLE WING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ORANGE FOOTED Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PURPLE CAT'S PAW Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, TUBERCLED BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE WARTYBACK Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, YELLOW BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, ROUGH Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FAT Endangered Clam No Appendices 164 RIFFLESHELL, NORTHERN Endangered Clam No RIFFLESHELL, TAN Endangered Clam No SHINER, PALEZONE Endangered Fish No SHRIMP, KENTUCKY CAVE Endangered Crustacean Yes STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Louisiana ( 4 affected species) Critical Habitat?

HEELSPLITTER, INFLATED Threatened Clam No PEARLSHELL, LOUISIANA Threatened Clam No STURGEON, GULF Threatened Fish Yes STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Maine ( 2 affected species) Critical Habitat?

SALMON, ATLANTIC Endangered Fish No STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No Maryland ( 3 affected species) Critical Habitat?

DARTER, MARYLAND Endangered Fish Yes MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No Massachusetts ( 1 affected species) Critical Habitat?

STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No Michigan ( 2 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL Endangered Clam No RIFFLESHELL, NORTHERN Endangered Clam No Minnesota ( 2 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MUSSEL, WINGED MAPLELEAF Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, HIGGINS' EYE Endangered Clam No Mississippi ( 7 affected species) Critical Habitat? Appendices 165 CLUBSHELL, BLACK (= CURTUS' MUSSEL) Endangered Clam No COMBSHELL, SOUTHERN (= PENITENT MUSSEL) Endangered Clam No DARTER, BAYOU Threatened Fish No FROG, DUSKY GOPHER ( MISSISSIPPI DPS) Endangered Amphibian No PIGTOE, HEAVY (= JUDGE TAIT'S MUSSEL) Endangered Clam No STURGEON, GULF Threatened Fish Yes STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Missouri ( 12 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CAVEFISH, OZARK Threatened Fish No CHUB, HUMPBACK Endangered Fish Yes DARTER, NIANGUA Threatened Fish Yes MADTOM, NEOSHO Threatened Fish No MUSSEL, SCALESHELL Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CURTIS' Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, HIGGINS' EYE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No POCKETBOOK, FAT Endangered Clam No SHINER, TOPEKA Endangered Fish No STURGEON, GULF Threatened Fish Yes STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Montana ( 3 affected species) Critical Habitat?

STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No STURGEON, WHITE Endangered Fish Yes TROUT, BULL Threatened Fish No Nebraska ( 3 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL, SOUTHERN Endangered Clam No SHINER, TOPEKA Endangered Fish No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Appendices 166 Nevada ( 23 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CHUB, BONYTAIL Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, PAHRANAGAT ROUNDTAIL Endangered Fish No CHUB, VIRGIN RIVER Endangered Fish Yes CUI UI Endangered Fish No DACE, ASH MEADOWS SPECKLED Endangered Fish Yes DACE, CLOVER VALLEY SPECKLED Endangered Fish No DACE, DESERT Threatened Fish Yes DACE, INDEPENDENCE VALLEY SPECKLED Endangered Fish No DACE, MOAPA Endangered Fish No POOLFISH, PAHRUMP (= PAHRUMP KILLIFISH) Endangered Fish No PUPFISH, ASH MEADOWS AMARGOSA Endangered Fish Yes PUPFISH, DEVILS HOLE Endangered Fish No PUPFISH, WARM SPRINGS Endangered Fish No SPINEDACE, BIG SPRING Threatened Fish Yes SPINEDACE, WHITE RIVER Endangered Fish Yes SPRINGFISH, HIKO WHITE RIVER Endangered Fish Yes SPRINGFISH, RAILROAD VALLEY Threatened Fish Yes SPRINGFISH, WHITE RIVER Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, RAZORBACK Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, WARNER Threatened Fish Yes TROUT, BULL Threatened Fish No TROUT, LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT Threatened Fish No WOUNDFIN Endangered Fish Yes New Hampshire ( 1 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No New Jersey ( 1 affected species) Critical Habitat?

STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No New Mexico ( 13 affected species) Critical Habitat?

Amphipod, Noel's Endangered Crustacean No CHUB, CHIHUAHUA Threatened Fish No Appendices 167 FROG, CHIRICAHUA LEOPARD Threatened Amphibian No GAMBUSIA, PECOS Endangered Fish No ISOPOD, SOCORRO Endangered Crustacean No MINNOW, LOACH Threatened Fish Yes MINNOW, RIO GRANDE SILVERY Endangered Fish Yes SHINER, BEAUTIFUL Threatened Fish Yes SHINER, PECOS BLUNTNOSE Threatened Fish Yes SPIKEDACE Threatened Fish Yes SQUAWFISH, COLORADO Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, RAZORBACK Endangered Fish Yes TOPMINNOW, GILA ( YAQUI) Endangered Fish No TROUT, GILA Endangered Fish No New York ( 4 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No North Carolina ( 9 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CHUB, SPOTFIN Threatened Fish Yes ELKTOE, APPALACHIAN Endangered Clam Yes HEELSPLITTER, CAROLINA Endangered Clam Yes MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, LITTLE WING Endangered Clam No SHINER, CAPE FEAR Endangered Fish Yes SILVERSIDE, WACCAMAW Threatened Fish Yes SPINYMUSSEL, TAR RIVER Endangered Clam No STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No North Dakota ( 1 affected species) Critical Habitat?

STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Ohio ( 7 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL Endangered Clam No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No MADTOM, SCIOTO Endangered Fish No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No Appendices 168 PEARLYMUSSEL, PURPLE CAT'S PAW Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE CAT'S PAW Endangered Clam No RIFFLESHELL, NORTHERN Endangered Clam No Oklahoma ( 6 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CAVEFISH, OZARK Threatened Fish No DARTER, LEOPARD Threatened Fish Yes MADTOM, NEOSHO Threatened Fish No MUSSEL, SCALESHELL Endangered Clam No ROCK POCKETBOOK, OUACHITA (= WHEELER'S PM) Endangered Clam No SHINER, ARKANSAS RIVER Threatened Fish Yes Oregon ( 24 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CHUB, BORAX LAKE Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, HUTTON TUI Threatened Fish No CHUB, OREGON Endangered Fish No DACE, FOSKETT SPECKLED Threatened Fish No SALMON, CHINOOK ( LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( SNAKE RIVER FALL RUN) Threatened Fish No SALMON, CHINOOK ( SNAKE RIVER SPRING/ SUMMER) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( UPPER COLUMBIA RIVER SPRING) Endangered Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( UPPER WILLAMETTE RIVER) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHUM ( COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, COHO ( OREGON COAST POPULATION) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, COHO ( SOUTHERN OR/ NORTHERN CA COAST) Threatened Fish No SALMON, SOCKEYE ( SNAKE RIVER POPULATION) Endangered Fish No SHRIMP, VERNAL POOL FAIRY Threatened Crustacean Yes STEELHEAD, LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, MIDDLE COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, SNAKE RIVER BASIN POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, UPPER COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION Endangered Fish Yes STEELHEAD, UPPER WILLAMETTE RIVER POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes SUCKER, LOST RIVER Endangered Fish No SUCKER, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No Appendices 169 SUCKER, WARNER Threatened Fish Yes TROUT, BULL Threatened Fish No TROUT, LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT Threatened Fish No Pennsylvania ( 2 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL Endangered Clam No RIFFLESHELL, NORTHERN Endangered Clam No Rhode Island ( 1affected species) Critical Habitat?

STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No South Carolina ( 4 affected species) Critical Habitat?

HEELSPLITTER, CAROLINA Endangered Clam Yes SALAMANDER, FLATWOODS Threatened Amphibian No STURGEON, SHORTNOSE Endangered Fish No TREEFROG, PINE BARRENS E/ T Amphibian No South Dakota ( 2 affected species) Critical Habitat?

SHINER, TOPEKA Endangered Fish No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Tennessee ( 44 affected species) Critical Habitat?

BEAN, PURPLE Endangered Clam No CHUB, SLENDER Threatened Fish Yes CHUB, SPOTFIN Threatened Fish Yes COMBSHELL, CUMBERLAND Endangered Clam No CRAYFISH, NASHVILLE Endangered Crustacean No DACE, BLACKSIDE Threatened Fish No DARTER, AMBER Endangered Fish Yes DARTER, BOULDER Endangered Fish No DARTER, DUSKYTAIL Endangered Fish No DARTER, SLACKWATER Threatened Fish Yes DARTER, SNAIL Threatened Fish No ELKTOE, APPALACHIAN Endangered Clam Yes ELKTOE, CUMBERLAND Endangered Clam No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No LOGPERCH, CONASAUGA Endangered Fish Yes Appendices 170 MADTOM, PYGMY Endangered Fish No MADTOM, SMOKY Endangered Fish Yes MADTOM, YELLOWFIN Threatened Fish Yes MUSSEL, OYSTER Endangered Clam No MUSSEL, RING PINK (= GOLF STICK PEARLY) Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ALABAMA LAMP Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, APPALACHIAN MONKEYFACE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, BIRDWING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CRACKING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CUMBERLAND BEAN Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CUMBERLAND MONKEYFACE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, DROMEDARY Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, GREEN BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, LITTLE WING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, ORANGE FOOTED Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PALE LILLIPUT Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PURPLE CAT'S PAW Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, TURGID BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, WHITE WARTYBACK Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, YELLOW BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, CUMBERLAND (= CUMBERLAND PIGTOE MUSSEL Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, FINE RAYED Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, ROUGH Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, SHINY Endangered Clam No RABBITSFOOT, ROUGH Endangered Clam No RIFFLESHELL, TAN Endangered Clam No SHINER, BLUE Endangered Fish No STURGEON, PALLID Endangered Fish No Texas ( 13 affected species) Critical Habitat?

AMPHIPOD, PECK'S CAVE Endangered Crustacean No DARTER, FOUNTAIN Endangered Fish Yes GAMBUSIA, CLEAR CREEK Endangered Fish No Appendices 171 GAMBUSIA, PECOS Endangered Fish No GAMBUSIA, SAN MARCOS Endangered Fish Yes MINNOW, DEVILS RIVER Threatened Fish No PUPFISH, COMANCHE SPRINGS Endangered Fish No PUPFISH, LEON SPRINGS Endangered Fish Yes SALAMANDER, BARTON SPRINGS Endangered Amphibian No SALAMANDER, SAN MARCOS Threatened Amphibian Yes SALAMANDER, TEXAS BLIND Endangered Amphibian No SHINER, ARKANSAS RIVER Threatened Fish Yes TOAD, HOUSTON Endangered Amphibian Yes Utah ( 10 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CHUB, BONYTAIL Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, HUMPBACK Endangered Fish Yes CHUB, VIRGIN RIVER Endangered Fish Yes SQUAWFISH, COLORADO Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, JUNE Endangered Fish Yes SUCKER, RAZORBACK Endangered Fish Yes TROUT, LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT Threatened Fish No WOUNDFIN Endangered Fish Yes Vermont ( 2 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No Virginia ( 26 affected species) Critical Habitat?

BEAN, PURPLE Endangered Clam No CHUB, SLENDER Threatened Fish Yes CHUB, SPOTFIN Threatened Fish Yes COMBSHELL, CUMBERLAND Endangered Clam No DARTER, DUSKYTAIL Endangered Fish No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No ISOPOD, LEE COUNTY CAVE Endangered Crustacean No ISOPOD, MADISON CAVE Threatened Crustacean No LOGPERCH, ROANOKE Endangered Fish No MADTOM, YELLOWFIN Threatened Fish Yes Appendices 172 MUSSEL, DWARF WEDGE Endangered Clam No MUSSEL, OYSTER Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, APPALACHIAN MONKEYFACE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, BIRDWING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CRACKING Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, CUMBERLAND MONKEYFACE Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, DROMEDARY Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, GREEN BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, LITTLE WING Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, FINE RAYED Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, ROUGH Endangered Clam No PIGTOE, SHINY Endangered Clam No RABBITSFOOT, ROUGH Endangered Clam No RIFFLESHELL, TAN Endangered Clam No SALAMANDER, SHENANDOAH Endangered Amphibian No SPINYMUSSEL, JAMES RIVER Endangered Clam No Washington ( 20 affected species) Critical Habitat?

BEAR, GRIZZLY Threatened Mammal No CARIBOU, WOODLAND Endangered Mammal No DEER, COLUMBIAN WHITE TAILED Endangered Mammal No RABBIT, PYGMY Endangered Mammal No SALMON, CHINOOK ( LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( PUGET SOUND) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( SNAKE RIVER FALL RUN) Threatened Fish No SALMON, CHINOOK ( SNAKE RIVER SPRING/ SUMMER) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHINOOK ( UPPER COLUMBIA RIVER SPRING) Endangered Fish Yes SALMON, CHUM ( COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, CHUM ( HOOD CANAL SUMMER POPULATION) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, SOCKEYE ( OZETTE LAKE POPULATION) Threatened Fish Yes SALMON, SOCKEYE ( SNAKE RIVER POPULATION) Endangered Fish No STEELHEAD, LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, MIDDLE COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes STEELHEAD, SNAKE RIVER BASIN POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes Appendices 173 STEELHEAD, UPPER COLUMBIA RIVER POPULATION Endangered Fish Yes STEELHEAD, UPPER WILLAMETTE RIVER POPULATION Threatened Fish Yes TROUT, BULL Threatened Fish No WOLF, GRAY Threatened Mammal Yes West virginia ( 6 affected species) Critical Habitat?

CLUBSHELL Endangered Clam No FANSHELL Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, PINK MUCKET Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, TUBERCLED BLOSSOM Endangered Clam No SALAMANDER, CHEAT MOUNTAIN Threatened Amphibian No SPINYMUSSEL, JAMES RIVER Endangered Clam No Wisconsin ( 3 affected species) Critical Habitat?

MUSSEL, WINGED MAPLELEAF Endangered Clam No PEARLYMUSSEL, HIGGINS' EYE Endangered Clam No WOLF, GRAY Threatened Mammal Yes Wyoming ( 3 affected species) Critical Habitat?

DACE, KENDALL WARM SPRINGS Endangered Fish No DACE, MOAPA Endangered Fish No TOAD, WYOMING Endangered Amphibian No Insects Species Listing by State GREEN ONIONS, DRY ONIONS, Wheat for grain, all ( acres), TOMATOES, GRAPES, APPLES, PEACHES, ALL, Potatoes ( acres), Cotton, all ( acres), ALFALFA HAY ( TONS, DRY), CITRUS FRUIT, ALL No species were excluded Minimum of 1 Acre.

Arkansas ( 1) species affected Taxa Critical Habitat BEETLE, AMERICAN BURYING Endangered Insect No ( Nicrophorus americanus)