UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON D.C., 20460
                                   OFFICE OF
                              CHEMICAL SAFETY AND
                             POLLUTION PREVENTION

                                                                PC Code: 128940
                                                     Barcodes: D416293, D416294
                                                           Chemical: Flutriafol

April 3, 2014

MEMORANDUM

Subject:	Drinking water assessment for proposed new uses (R190, PP# 3F8199) of Flutriafol on leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), grain sorghum, and cotton and (R190, PP# 3F8174) for cucurbit vegetables, fruiting vegetables, strawberries, tree nuts, and wheat uses.

TO:			Tamue Gibson, Risk Manager Reviewer
			Cynthia Giles-Parker, Branch Chief
            Fungicide Branch
			Registration Division (7505P)

FROM:		James K. Wolf, Ph.D., Environmental Scientist
			Environmental Risk Branch 3

REVIEWED BY:  	James A. Hetrick, Ph.D., Senior Science Advisor
			Rosanna Louie-Juzwiak, RAPL
			Environmental Risk Branch 3

THROUGH:		Dana Spatz, Branch Chief
            Environmental Risk Branch 3
            Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

This memo presents a Tier 1 drinking water assessment for the new uses proposed by the registrant in two separate tolerance petitions 3F38199 and 3F8173 requests. The first petition is for Flutriafol Technical (EPA Reg. No. 4787-55), TOPGUARD[(R)] Fungicide (EPA Reg. No. 67760-75), Flutriafol [(R)] 250 g/L Fungicide (EPA Reg No. 67760-120) and Flutriafol 500 g/L SC Fungicide (67760-Flutriafol). The uses proposed with these label amendments are to add leafy vegetables (Group 4), brassica (cole) leafy vegetables (Group 5), grain sorghum, and cotton uses. The second tolerance petition requests to add the following crop groupings; Cucurbit Vegetables, Fruiting Vegetables, Strawberries, Tree Nuts, and Wheat to the following labels  (EPA Reg. No. 67760-75) Flutriafol[(R)] 250 g/L Fungicide (EPA Reg. No. 67760-) and Supplemental Label Flutriafol[(R)] 250 g/L (EPA Reg No. 67760-).

The estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) for this drinking water exposure assessment used the FIRST (surface water) and PRZM-GW (groundwater) models and are based upon the maximum number of applications, maximum single and yearly application rates, and minimum reapplication intervals (Tables 2 and 3).

The EDWCs for flutriafol in groundwater and surface water for use in the human health risk assessment are provided in Table 1. For the proposed new uses, the EDWCs for flutriafol in surface source drinking water are not expected to exceed 28.2 ug/L for peak and the 2.8 ug/L for long-term average concentrations. The EDWCs for flutriafol in groundwater source drinking water are not expected to exceed 133 ug/L for peak and the 124 ug/L for long-term average concentrations. In previous assessments, similar EDWCs for flutriafol use on grapes were predicted using the PRZM-GW (D412882). EFED recommends that the Health Effects Division use 133 ug/L for the peak concentration and the 124 ug/L for long-term average concentration in the human health assessment.

Table 1.  Maximum Tier I EDWCs in μg/L resulting from the use of flutriafol.
Drinking water source (model)
                                 1-in-10 year
                              30-year simulation

                                     Acute
                                    Chronic
                                     Acute
                                Chronic/Cancer
                              Current Assessment
Surface water (FIRST)
                                     28.2
                                      2.8

Ground water (PRZM-GW)
                                       -
                                       -
                                      133
                                      124
Groundwater (SCI-GROW)
                                     10.3
                                     10.3
                                       -
                                       -
                 Previous Drinking Water Assessment (D412882)
Surface water (FIRST)
                                     29.48
                                     2.92
                                       -
                                     4.03
Ground water (PRZM-GW)
                                       -
                                       -
                                      132
                                      122
Groundwater (SCI-GROW)
                                     10.2
                                     10.2
                                       -
                                       -

Previously, HED determined that the 1,2,4-triazole (and the triazole conjugates) degradates should be considered residues of concern in the human health risk assessment. 1,2,4-Triazole and triazole conjugates triazole analine and triazole acetic acid, are common degradates of conazole pesticides, and are addressed in a separate document which was prepared by EFED to address the inclusions of 1,2,4-Triazole and triazole conjugates in Tier 2 drinking water assessments. Due to the persistence of flutriafol, exposure to 1,2,4-triazole (and the triazole conjugates) degradates is expected to be very low. Additional details concerning these degradates can be found in prior drinking water assessments (D412882).

Proposed New Uses

TOPGUARD[(R)] fungicide is formulated as a suspension concentrate containing 11.8 % of the active ingredient (a.i.) flutriafol (1.04 lb a.i./gallon of product). Flutriafol[(R)] 250 g/L is formulated as a suspension concentrate containing 22.7% flutriafol (2.08 lb a.i. per gallon of product) and Flutriafol[(R)] 500 g/L is formulated as suspension concentrate containing 42.0% flutriafol (4.16 lb a.i. per gallon of product).

The proposed methods of application are broadcast foliar by ground and air spray methods for all the proposed uses except for cotton, where it is proposed that one T-band (soil applied) will be followed by a maximum of 2 foliar applications for cotton. Flutriafol may not be applied by chemigation. The labels submitted for the 3F8199 tolerance petition specified the maximum allowable rate of use on a per year basis (i.e., lb a.i./A/year), while the labels submitted for the 3F8174 tolerance petition specified a maximum use rate on a per season (i.e., lb a.i./A/season) basis. The number of seasons per year is not specified. For this assessment it is assumed that there is only 1 season per year.

Table 2. Summary of Proposed New Uses
Formulation (Method of Application)
Crop
Maximum Single Application Rate
    lb a.i./A (fl oz/A)
Number of Applications (Minimum Reapplication Interval)
Maximum Yearly Use Rate
    lb a.i./A per period (fl oz a.i./A per period)
Broadcast Foliar Spray
Leafy Vegetables (except Brassica Vegetables)
                                   0.114 (7)

                                   4 (7-day)
    0.456 (28 per year)[b]

(AS&GS)
Leafy Vegetables Brassica (cole and celery)
                                   0.114 (7)

                                  4 (7- day)

    0.456 (28 per year)[b]

Almonds, Pecans, tree nuts
                                  0.114 (14)

                                   4 (7-day)
    0.456 (56 per year)[a]
    0.456 (56 per season)[d]

Almond & Walnuts
                                  0.114 ( 7)

                                  4 (7-day)
    0.456  (28 per year)[b]
    0.456  (28 per season)[e,f]

Strawberry
                                  0.114 ( 7)

                                   4 (7-day)

    0.456 (28 per season)[b]
    0.456 (28 per season)[e,f]

Fruiting Vegetables
                                  0.114 (14)

                                   4 (7-day)
    0.456 (56 per year)[a]
    0.456 (56 per season)[d]

Cucurbit Vegetables
                                  0.114 (14)

                                   4 (7-day)
    0.456 (56 per year)[a]
    0.456 (56 per season)[d]

Peanuts
                                  0.114 (14)

                                  4 (14-day)
    0.456 (56 per year)[a]
    0.456 (56 per season)[d]

Tomatoes
                                  0.114 ( 7)

                                  4 ( 7-day)

    0.456 (28 per season)[b]
    0.456 (28 per season)[e,f]

Wheat (spring-winter)
                                  0.114 (14)

                                   2 (7-day)
    0.228 (28 per year)[a]
    0.228 (28 per season)[d]

Grain Sorghum
                                  0.114 (14)
                                  2 (7- day)
    0.228 (28 per season)[a]
Soil Applied

Broadcast Foliar Spray

Cotton (T-Band)
                                  0.260 ( 8)
                                  1 at plant
    0.260 ( 8/season)[c]

Cotton (Foliar)
                                  0.114 (14)
                                2 Foliar (7-day)
    0.228 (28/year)[a,b]

Total Cotton [T-Band + Cotton Foliar]
                                  0.26 ( 8)
                                 0.228 (2 x 7)
                                   Combined
    0.488 lb a.i./A/year[a,b,c]

Submitted Proposed Draft Labels.
                  File ID (name) of Submitted Proposed Label
                                Proposed Label
                  [Product, EPA Reg. #; % a.i., lb a.i./fl oz]
Maximum Rate Expressed in lb a.i./A/period
DP Barcode D412294; D415850 Tolerance Petition 3F8199
a Topguard Fungicide 67760-75 Proposed Label 9 5 2013 for Tol Petition No. 3F8199
Topguard[(R)] Fungicide 67760-75
 [11.8% a.i.; 0.008125 lb a.i./fl oz]
lb a.i./A/year
b Flutriafol 250 g/L SC 67760 129 Proposed Label 9 5 2013 for Tol Petition No. 3F8199
Flutriafol[(R)] 250 g/L SC Fungicide 67760-120
[22.7% a.i.; 0.01625 lb a.i./fl oz]
lb a.i./A/year
c Flutriafol 500 g/L Proposed Label 67760-REA 9 5 2013
Flutriafol[(R)] 500 g/L SC Fungicide 67760-REA
[42.0% a.i.; 0.0325 lb a.i./fl oz]
(lb a.i./A/season
DP Barcode: D412160; Tolerance Petition 3F8174
[d] Flutriafol New Uses Eco RA DP 412160
667760-75 Topguard[(R)] Fungicide 67760-75
[11.8% a.i.; 0.008125 lb a.i./fl oz]
lb a.i./A/season
e 67760-REN Flutriafol 250 draft label
Flutriafol[(R)] 250 g/L Fungicide 67760-REN
[22.8% a.i.; 0.01625 lb a.i./fl]
lb a.i./A/season
[f] 67760-REN Flutriafol 250 Draft Supplemental Label
Flutriafol[(R)] 250 g/L Fungicide 67760-REN Draft Supplemental Label [22.8% a.i.; 0.01625 lb a.i./fl]
lb a.i./A/season

Although, three different product formulations are proposed which contain different amounts (lb per gallon) of active ingredient (11.8, 22.8, and 42.0% a.i.), the maximum single application rates are the same for all three formulations when applied foliarly (0.114 lb a.i./A) are the same. A higher single application rate is proposed for the soil applied (T-Band) use for cotton (0.26 lb a.i./A). For the foliar uses, up to four 0.114 lb a.i./A applications per year (0.456 lb a.i./A/year) may be applied (except grain sorghum where only 2 are proposed). For cotton, it is proposed that one 0.26 lb a.i./A T-Band application follow by a maximum of 2 foliar applications (0.114 lb a.i./A) for a yearly maximum of 0.488 lb a.i./A/year.

Table 3.  Maximum Flutriafol Application Rates for Proposed New Uses.
                              Crop or Crop Group
                  Maximum Single Application Rate (lb a.i./A)
            Number of Applications (Minimum Reapplication Interval)
                   Maximum Yearly Use Rate (lb a.i./A/year)
                   All uses except Grain Sorghum and Cotton
                                     0.114
 4 (7-day)
                                     0.456
                                 Grain sorghum
                                     0.114
 2 (7-day)
                                     0.228
                                    Cotton
                                 T-Band Appl.
                                     0.260
 (T-band, at plant)
                                     0.260

                                    Foliar
                                     0.114
 2 (Foliar, 7-day)
                                     0.228

                              Combined for Cotton
                                     0.228
                                     0.260
 2 (Foliar, 7-day)
 1 (T-Band Appl)
                                    0.448

  Environmental Fate and Transport Characterization

 Flutriafol is expected to be persistent in soil and moderately mobile in the environment, with its major routes of dissipation by runoff and leaching through the soil and through biotic degradation in aquatic environments (Table 4). Flutriafol is expected to dissipate slowly with a half-life of years [never achieved in studies] in the terrestrial environment and therefore repeated applications may lead to accumulation of flutriafol residues in soil. Flutriafol is expected to reach surface water through drift, runoff, and leaching. Additionally, it is expected to leach into groundwater. Detailed information on the environmental fate of flutriafol can be found in prior assessments (D360863, D356830, D340508, D396757).

Table 4.  Summary of physical/chemical and environmental fate and transport properties of flutriafol.
                                   Parameter
                               Value(s) (units)
                                 Source (MRID)
                                    Comment
Chemical Name
                                  Flutriafol
                                   CAS Name:
α-(2-fluorophenyl)-α-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol
                                 IUPAC Name:
(RS-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-α-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol

                                   47129901
                                       -
Chemical Structure

                                       -

Molecular Formula
C16H13F2N3O
                                   47129901
                                       -
Molecular Weight
301.3 amu
                                   47129901
                                       -
Solubility (20 [°]C)
130 mg/L or ppm
                                   47129901
-
Vapor Pressure (20 °C)
4 x 10[-7] Pa
3.00025x10[-9] torr
                                   47129901
-
Henry's Law constant
 9.16 x10[-12] atm m[3]/mol
                                       -
Calculated
pKa (20 °C)
2.3
                                   47129901
                                       -
Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient
(log KOW @ pH 7)
2.29
                                   47129901
                                       -
Hydrolysis Half-life  (t(1/2)) pH 5 and 7
Stable
                                   47090416
Stable at all pHs.
Aqueous Photolysis
Half-life (t(1/2))
Stable
                                   47090417
                                       -
Soil Photolysis Half-life (t(1/2))
 Stable
                                   47090420
                                   47418401
D353179 D350986
Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life (t(1/2))
 697 weeks
 120, 161, 257, 84, 98, and 315 weeks
347, 239, and 3,466 weeks
                                   47090421
                                   47090422
                                   47090423
Note: values in weeks
Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism (t(1/2))
t1/2 = 6,932, 840, 1127, 1799, 588, 686, 2205 days
                                   47090424
(Total system)
Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism
t1/2  = 42.6 and 36.3 days
                                   47090419
(Total system)
Organic Carbon Partition
Coefficient (KOC)
498, 205, 379, 230, 340, 428, 140 mL/gOC
                                   47090425
                                   47090426
                                   47090427
                                       -
Soil Partition Coefficient (Kd)
3.7, 13.6, 10.6, 6.5, 2.0 mL/g
                                   47090425
                                   47090426
                                   47090427
                                       -
Terrestrial Field Dissipation
Half-life (t(1/2))

t1/2 = 1155 days
    3466 days
    2310 days
    1155, 866, 770, 866, 1155, 1386 days
                                   47115502
                                   47090431
- Loamy sand.
- Clay loam.
- Sandy clay loam.
- Study conducted at 6 sites in Germany, soil texture classes were not reported.

No major degradation products (i.e., > 10% of applied radioactivity) were identified in any water or soil studies. No major flutriafol degradates have been identified in any submitted studies. The degradates formed in laboratory studies are discussed in detail in prior assessments (D412882).
Two minor degradation products were identified in the photolysis on soil study [1H-1,2,4-Triazole and 2,4'-Difluorobenzophenone] and three minor [1H-1,2,4-Triazole; Triazole-1-acetic acid; 1,2,4-Triazole-1-alanine] degradation products were identified in the anaerobic aquatic metabolism study (Figure 1).

                                1,2,4-Triazole
                           (1,2,4-T; free triazole)

                               Triazole Alanine
                                     (TA)

                             Triazole Acetic Acid
                                     (TAA)
Figure 1. Chemical structures for 1,2,4-triazole, triazole alanine, and triazole acetic acid

With the exception of 1,2,4-triazole (and the triazole conjugates), none of the other flutriafol degradates noted above were considered of concern by HED. 1,2,4-Triazole and triazole conjugates triazole analine and triazole acetic acid, common degradates of conazole pesticides, were addressed in a separate document which was prepared by EFED to address the inclusions of 1,2,4-Triazole and triazole conjugates in Tier 2 drinking water assessments. The Tier 2 Triazole drinking water assessment was designed to be conservative. Because of the persistence of flutriafol, the percentages of 1,2,4-triazole residues formed by the degradation of flutriafol are expected to be much lower than other conazoles pesticides considered in drinking water assessments. Therefore, the assessment for the conazole class of pesticides should still be conservative.

Six terrestrial field dissipation studies with applications made over several consecutive years, most with applications over multiple years, also indicate that flutriafol residues will remain essentially un-degraded, allowing residues to carry-over from year to year under actual use conditions. Due to the length of the environmental fate studies, and the persistence of flutriafol, major degradates were not detected in either laboratory or field studies.

Limited monitoring data supports the potential for flutriafol to leach to groundwater. Flutriafol was detected (0.0051 ug/L) in groundwater in a study conducted in Ireland. Seven flutriafol detections (detection limit = 0.021 ug/L) were reported in three public wells in the United Kingdom, during a three year period (June 2000 to February 2003).

Modeling

The Tier 1 drinking water assessment uses the PRZM-GW and SCI-GROW models for groundwater and the FIRST model for surface water. Both SCI-GROW and FIRST are not scenario specific, so the estimated concentrations are based upon the environmental fate properties and the maximum application number and rates and minimum reapplication interval. The six standard PRZM-GW scenarios used in the groundwater simulations were developed to be representative of known vulnerable sites -- shallow, unconfined aquifers under an agricultural field with leaching prone soil and adequate precipitation and/or irrigation. Output values represent pesticide concentrations that may be observed in private drinking water wells resulting from the use of groundwater vulnerable to pesticide contamination. The results are expected to represent the upper bound values on the concentrations of flutriafol that might be found in drinking water supplied by vulnerable groundwater sources. The selection and procedures for selecting model input parameters followed EFED guidance.

Groundwater Concentrations

PRZM-GW (Version 1.01) is a graphical user interface (GUI) for running the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM) to estimate exposure in a shallow, unconfined, aquifer following pesticide application to an agricultural field. PRZM was developed by the U.S. EPA to simulate the vertical movement of pesticides in the unsaturated soil, within and below the plant root zone, and extending to the water table using generally available input data (Carsel et al., 1984). PRZM is also currently used by EFED in combination with EXAMS to estimate pesticide concentrations in surface water. Groundwater EDWCs with PRZM-GW are simulated for 30 years as done with PRZM/EXAMS for surface water. Unlike SCI-GROW, estimated groundwater concentrations are influenced by both the soil and hydrology of the specific scenario. The SCI-GROW model considers only a single year's application.

The basic input requirements for PRZM-GW are summarized in Table 5. The mean (4,048 days) and 90 percent upper bound of the mean (7,202 days) aerobic soil metabolism half-lives were recalculated. It should be also noted that the EFED guidance on model input parameter selection and preparation has evolved over time. Following current model input guidance, the mean Koc (322 mL/goc) was used with the PRZM-GW and FIRST models because the sorption coefficients (Kd) values were significantly correlated [r[2] = 0.84; F test regression; p-value=0.0024] to the soil organic carbon content (OC). In prior assessments [D360863] the lowest Koc (140 mL/goc) was used with the FIRST model (which followed guidance applicable at time, and has since been updated) and SCI-GROW (consistent with current guidance). The percent crop area (PCA) is 0.91. Because this version of PRZM-GW does not allow for multiple application methods the results from the T-Band and foliar applications are run separately and the results are added together.

Table 5.  PRZM-GW input parameter values for flutriafol.
Parameter (units)
                                     Value
                                 Source (MRID)
                                    Comment
Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient (Koc; mL/goc)
                                      322
                                   47090425
                                   47090426
                                   47090427
Represents the mean value of seven values ranging from 140 to 498 mL/g for the parent compound.
Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life (t(1/2)) (days)
                                  7,202 days

                                   47090421
                                   47090422
                                   47090423
Recalculated value the represents 90% confidence interval for 10 values from the aerobic soil metabolism of the parent compound.  (See Appendix 1)
Application Rates, Number, Interval
                                  See Table 2
                                       -
Specified on label
Application Date:
  T-Band
  Foliar Application

 -7 days b.e.
101 days a.e.

Application can be specified by date or by days before or after crop emergence.
b.e. - before emergence (defined by scenario)
a.e. - after emergence (defined by scenario)

The SCI-GROW model (Version 2.3) is also used as a groundwater screening exposure value to be used in determining the potential risk to human health from drinking water contaminated with the pesticide. Fate input parameters used in SCI-GROW are presented in Table 7.

Table 7.  SCI-GROW (v2.3) input parameter values for flutriafol.
Parameter (units)
                                     Value
                                 Source (MRID)
                                    Comment
Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient (Koc; mL/goc)
                                  Lowest: 140
                                   47090425
                                   47090426
                                   47090427
Represents the lowest non-sand (texture class) value of seven values ranging from 140 to 498 mL/g for the parent compound.
Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life (t(1/2)) (days)
                                    Mean=
                                    4,047.6
                                   47090421
                                   47090422
                                   47090423
Mean value of the 10 aerobic soil metabolism of the parent compound.

The peak groundwater EDWCs estimated by PRZM-GW ranged from 28 to 133 ug/L and the simulation averages ranged from 21 to 124 ug/L (Table 6). The Florida Central Ridge and North Carolina Eastern Coastal Plains had the highest EDWCs. The maximum EDWCs estimated for the proposed uses are essentially the same as the maximum EDWCs most recent EDWCs for flutriafol (parent) are 132 ug/L for acute exposure and 122 ug/L for chronic/cancer exposure (D412882). The differences are due different fate properties (i.e., aerobic soil half-life) and different application dates. Representative PRZM-GW and SCI-GROW input files are given in Appendix 2.
Table 6.  PRZM-GW (Version 1.01) estimates of flutriafol for the proposed new uses.
                                 Flutriafol

                                   SCI-GROW
                              (1 Year Simulation)
                            PRZM-GW (version 1.03)
                             (30 Year Simulation)
                                   Scenario
                                    (ug/L)
                                 Peak (ug/L)
                       Post Breakthrough Average (ug/L)
                       Average Breakthrough Time (days)
 Grain Sorghum 2 applications @ 0.114 lb a.i./A; 7-day reapplication interval

Delmarva
                                      4.8
                                                                           50.3
                                                                           43.2
                                     2872
Florida Central Ridge

                                                                           51.4
                                                                           44.6
                                     2865
Florida - potato

                                                                           30.1
                                                                           26.5
                                     7035
GA - Southern Coastal Plain

                                                                           24.6
                                                                           21.6
                                     6245
NC Eastern Coastal Plain -

                                                                           61.6
                                                                           51.7
                                     3664
WI Central Sands

                                                                           61.9
                                                                           57.7
                                     4018
        4 applications @ 0.114 lb a.i./A; 7-day reapplication interval

Delmarva
                                      9.6
                                                                            100
                                                                           86.4
                                     2872
Florida Central Ridge -citrus

                                                                            103
                                                                           89.2
                                     2865
Florida  -  potato 30 yr

                                                                           60.3
                                                                           53.2
                                     7031
GA - Southern Coastal Plain

                                                                           49.2
                                                                           43.2
                                     6245
NC Eastern Coastal Plain -

                                                                            123
                                                                            104
                                     3664
WI Central Sands

                                                                            124
                                                                            115
                                     4018
            Cotton 1 applications @ 0.26 a.i./A T-Band Application
Delmarva
                                     5.5
                                                                           57.4
                                                                           49.6
                                     2872
Florida Central Ridge

                                                                           58.9
                                                                           50.4
                                     2865
Florida  -  potato

                                                                           34.5
                                                                           30.5
                                     7035
GA - Southern Coastal Plain

                                                                             28
                                                                             25
                                     6245
NC Eastern Coastal Plain -

                                                                           70.6
                                                                           58.7
                                     3664
WI Central Sands

                                                                           71.6
                                                                           66.7
                                     4018
Cotton 2 applications @ 0.114 a.i./A; 7-day reapplication interval (with the T-Band Application)
Delmarva
                                      4.8
                                                                           50.3
                                                                           43.2
                                     2872
Florida Central Ridge

                                                                           51.4
                                                                           44.6
                                     2865
Florida  -  potato

                                                                           30.1
                                                                           26.5
                                     7035
GA - Southern Coastal Plain

                                                                           24.6
                                                                           21.6
                                     6245
NC Eastern Coastal Plain -

                                                                           61.6
                                                                           51.7
                                     3664
WI Central Sands

                                                                           61.9
                                                                           57.7
                                     4018
Cotton 1 application @ 0.26 lb a.i./A and 2 @ 0.114 lb a.i./A (7-day interval)
Delmarva
                                     10.2
                                                                          107.7
                                                                           92.8
                                     2872
Florida Central Ridge

                                                                          110.3
                                                                           95.0
                                     2864
Florida  -  potato

                                                                           64.6
                                                                           57.0
                                     7035
GA - Southern Coastal Plain

                                                                           52.6
                                                                           46.6
                                     6245
NC Eastern Coastal Plain -

                                                                          132.2
                                                                          110.4
                                     3664
WI Central Sands

                                                                          133.5
                                                                          124.4
                                     4018

Surface Water Concentrations

OPP uses the Tier 1 model, FQPA Index Reservoir Screening Tool (FIRST, Version 1.1.1), to estimate both acute and chronic potential pesticide concentrations in untreated surface source drinking water. Input parameters for FIRST are listed in Table 8. For the foliar spray the aerial spray option in FIRST was used for the foliar applications and the ground spray T-Band option was used for cotton T-Band assessment. For the proposed new cotton use where 1 T-Band application (@ 0.26 lb a.i./A) is follow by 2 foliar applications (@ 0.114 lb a.i./A), the methods are simulated separately and added together.

Table 8. FIRST (v1.1.1) environmental fate and other select input parameter values for current flutriafol assessment.
                              Parameter (units)
                                     Value
                                 Source (MRID)
                                    Comment
Percent Cropped Area (decimal)
                                     0.91

                               National default
Soil Partition Coefficient ( KOC mL/gOC)
                                      322
                                   47090425
                                   47090426
                                   47090427
Represents the mean of seven values ranging from 140 to 498 mL/g for the parent compound.
Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life (t(1/2)) (days)
                                     7,202
                                   47090421
                                   47090422
                                   47090423
Recalculated value the represents 90% confidence interval for 10 values from the aerobic soil metabolism of the parent compound.  (See Appendix 1).
Wetted in (yes or no)
                                      No
                                Proposed label
                                 Not specified
Pesticide Application Method
[Default Options in FIRST]
                                       A
                                       B
                                     Label
                                 T-band option
Air Spray Drift=16.0%; Efficiency =0.95%
Ground Spray Drift=6.4%; Efficiency 0.99%;
Depth of Incorporation (inches)
                                       -
                                     1.5

For air spray depth is not specified
For T-Band an incorporation depth is required
Solubility in Water @ 20 [O]C,  (mg/L or ppm)
                                     130
                                   47129901
                                       -
Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half-life (t(1/2)) (days)
                                     49.2
                                   47090419
 Represents the 90[th] percentile of the upper confidence bound on the mean of nine half-life values (39.5).
Hydrolysis Half-life @ pH 7
                                       0
                                   47090416
                                    Stable
Aquatic Photolysis Half-life (t(1/2))    @ pH 7
                                       0
                                   47287601
                                   47090417
                                    Stable

The flutriafol application rate information and surface water EDWCs are given in Table 9. Output from FIRST is presented in Appendix 3. The highest EDWCs are for the four foliar applications associated with the proposed use on leafy vegetables and grain sorghum. The maximum EDWCs are 28.2 and 2.8 ug/L for the acute and chronic exposure concentrations, respectively. Representative FIRST outputs are given in Appendix 3.

Table 9. Tier 1 FIRST Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs) for flutriafol for the proposed new uses.
Use
                            Single Application Rate
                                  (lb a.i./A)
            Number of Applications (interval) Method of Application
                           Seasonal Application Rate
                               (lb a.i./A/year)
                                  Acute EDWC
                                    (ug/L)
                                 Chronic EDWC
                                    (ug/L)
Leafy Vegetables
                                     0.114
                               4 (7-days) Foliar
                                     0.456
                                     28.2
                                      2.8
Grain Sorghum
                                     0.114
                               2 (7-days) Foliar
                                     0.228
                                     14.2
                                      1.4
Grain Sorghum
                                     0.114
                               4 (7-days) Foliar
                                     0.456
                                     28.2
                                      2.8
Cotton
                                     0.114
                               2 (7-days) Foliar
                                     0.228
                                     14.2
                                      1.4
Cotton
                                     0.260
                                 1 (-) T-Band
                                     0.260
                                     10.9
                                      1.1
Cotton
                                     -[a]
                              1 T-Band + 2 Foliar
                                     0.488
                                     25.1
                                      2.6
     [a] 0.26 lb a.i./A + 2 @ 0.114 lb a.i./A

 Appendix 1. Discussion on Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-lives.

 In several previous drinking water exposure assessments, the aerobic soil metabolism half-life value (588 days) was used as an input for groundwater modeling was incorrect (e.g., a unit error). The 90% upper bound on the mean was reported incorrectly as 588 days when it should have been reported as 588 weeks. This value, however, also appears to be the shortest half-life and not a mean or upper bound of the mean. The value was recalculated for days with a mean (3,957 days) and 90[th] percent upper bound of the mean (7,515 days) aerobic soil metabolism half-lives were recalculated in a response to the registrant concerning the PRZM-GW model (D396757). This error has no influence on the surface water EDWCs estimated using the FIRST model. Because the FIRST model is insensitive to half-lives greater than 365 days, it was assumed for modeling purposes that there was no aerobic soil degradation, based upon the flutriafol aerobic soil metabolism studies where all the half-lives were greater than 365 days. PRZM-GW has been found to be more much more sensitive to the aerobic soil metabolism half-life value selected for modeling potential groundwater contamination compared to surface water estimates with FIRST or PRZM/EXAMS

 Since the last drinking water assessments (D412882 10/29/13 and D396757 07/26/12), the registrant has submitted a report (MRID 49177401) questioning several of the aerobic soil metabolism half-lives used to obtain the 90% upper bound on the mean half-life for modeling purposes. While no new data has been submitted, EFED has considered the information submitted in the report (MRID 49177401).

The half-lives estimated by the EPA (DERS) and the registrant (Table 5, MRID 49177401), using linear and nonlinear regression techniques, were compared in Table 5 of MRID 49177401. While the values [linear compared to nonlinear] are not exactly the same (numerically), they are similar (generally varying only by 1 or 2 weeks) with the exception of the North Dakota soil (MRID 47090421) and the Speyer 2.2 sand soil (MRID 47090423). The North Dakota and the Speyer 2.2 soils are discussed in more detail in a following paragraph. The (paired) linear and nonlinear methods yielded similar half-lives (ranging from 83 weeks to 3,446 weeks).

As noted in the registrants report (MRID 49177401), several of the soils tested did not result in statistically meaningful r[2] and p-values for linear regression or nonlinear regression. This suggests that either no aerobic metabolism of flutriafol occurred during the course of the study or that no clear degradation pattern was observed (i.e., lower value followed by higher values resulting in regression with positive slopes). Therefore, the data illustrate the high persistence of flutriafol in aerobic soils. It should be noted here that these studies were conducted for a periods ranging from 126 to 365 days (MRIDs # 47090421, 47090422, 47090423) and since many of the studies showed very little degradation the DT50s, or half-lives, had to extrapolate far beyond the length of the study.

One of two of the half-life values specifically noted was for the North Dakota sandy loam (MRID 47090421), where the registrant indicates that the half-life of 4,878 days (regression slope =-1.4419e[-4]) would be a better estimate rather than the 6,932 days (regression slope =
-1.00e[-4]) reported by the EPA in the DER. Note: both slope values are available with Sigma Plot output and page 50 of the study MRID 47090701 has the identical regression equation slope (-0.0001) and intercept calculated by the EPA and included in the DER. The difference (4,878 and 6,932 days) is solely based upon the significant figures of slope derived from the regression analysis. Both half-life values suggest minimal aerobic metabolism of flutriafol in soil, although the half-life estimated from the slope has more significant figures may be a better estimate.  The Speyer 2.2 sand (MRID 47090423) had a report half-life of 24,252 days (3,466 weeks) which indicates little if any aerobic soil metabolism took place during the study. No information has been provided as to why this soil should not be included. The EPA also noted that a third soil (Warfield soil) from MRID 47090423 study had not been included previously when determining the upper bound of the mean for modeling purposes and has been added.

The half-lives from these studies are summarized in Appendix1Table 1  and the 90[th] percent upper bound on the mean for modeling purposes is recalculated the inclusion of the Warfield soil and updated half-life for the North Dakota soil with and without the Speyer 2.2 soil.  The upper bound on the mean of all soils (n=10) is 7,202 days, which is slightly less than previous value of 7,470 days (n=9), because of the addition of the Warfield soil.

Appendix 1 Table 1.  Summary of Aerobic Soil Metabolism Study Half-Lives and Upper of Mean for Modeling.
                                    MRID #
                              Soil Identification
                             Half-life (weeks)[a]
                             Half-life (weeks)[b]
                             Half-life (weeks)[c]
                               Half-life (days)
                                (weeks[c] x 7)
                                   47090421
                                    ND soil
                                         -
                                       -
                                                                            697
                                                                          4,878
                                   47090422
                            18 acres (both labels)
                                                                            121
                                                                            120
                                                                            120
                                                                            837
                                   47090422
                                   Flexford
                                                                            257
                                                                            257
                                                                            257
                                                                          1,797
                                   47090422
                                    Boxford
                                                                             98
                                                                             98
                                                                             98
                                                                            683
                                   47090422
                                    Horsely
                                                                             84
                                                                             84
                                                                             84
                                                                            585
                                   47090422
                            Frensham  (both labels)
                                                                            161
                                                                            161
                                                                            161
                                                                          1,127
                                   47090422
                                   Chalgrove
                                                                            315
                                                                            315
                                                                            315
                                                                          2,205
                                   47090423
                                  Speyer 2.3
                                                                            347
                                                                            347
                                                                            347
                                                                          2,429
                                   47090423
                                   Warfield
                                                                            239
                                                                            239
                                                                            239
                                                                          1,673
                                   47090423
                                  Speyer 2.2
                                                                          3,466
                                                                          3,466
                                                                          3,466
                                                                         24,262
90% upper bound on mean all values = 7,201.9 days (mean = 4,047.6; std = 7,212.48, n = 10)[c]
[a] Values used to calculate 7,515 day upper bound half-life (Table 2; D396757); note 121 week value for the 18 acre soil compared to 120 week value.
[b] Values used to calculate the 7,470 day upper bound half-life (Tables 4 and 5; D412882); ND soil 697 weeks not included.
[c] Values used to calculate the 7,202 day upper bound half-life
Appendix 2. GROUNDWATER

PRZM-GW Input and Output
1 T-BAND APPLICATION @ 0.26 lb a.i./A

3/18/2014 12:08:46 PM; Flutriafol; Wisconsin Corn - WI Central Sands
User Interface Version: PRZM-GW (Version 1.01)
***Record 3
    0.76    0.36       0      18       1       1
***Record 6
       0
***Record 8
       1
***Record 9
       1    0.25      90     100       1  10  10  10       0     100
***Record 10
      30
***Record 11
  010561  210761  201061       1
  010562  210762  201062       1
  010563  210763  201063       1
  010564  210764  201064       1
  010565  210765  201065       1
  010566  210766  201066       1
  010567  210767  201067       1
  010568  210768  201068       1
  010569  210769  201069       1
  010570  210770  201070       1
  010571  210771  201071       1
  010572  210772  201072       1
  010573  210773  201073       1
  010574  210774  201074       1
  010575  210775  201075       1
  010576  210776  201076       1
  010577  210777  201077       1
  010578  210778  201078       1
  010579  210779  201079       1
  010580  210780  201080       1
  010581  210781  201081       1
  010582  210782  201082       1
  010583  210783  201083       1
  010584  210784  201084       1
  010585  210785  201085       1
  010586  210786  201086       1
  010587  210787  201087       1
  010588  210788  201088       1
  010589  210789  201089       1
  010590  210790  201090       1
***Record 12
Place Holder
***Record 13
      30       1       0       0
***Record 15
Place Holder
***Record 16
  24 461  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 462  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 463  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 464  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 465  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 466  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 467  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 468  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 469  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 470  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 471  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 472  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 473  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 474  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 475  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 476  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 477  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 478  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 479  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 480  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 481  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 482  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 483  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 484  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 485  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 486  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 487  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 488  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 489  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
  24 490  0 1    4 0.291    1    0
***Record 17
       0       1       0
***Record 19
Place Holder
***Record 20
    1000           0   0   0   0   0   2   1   1   0
***Record 26
       0       0       0
***Record 27
       3     0.1     0.7     4.0
***Record 31
  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2 0.97 10.0
***Record 32
  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6
***Record 32A
    2.00    25.0
***Record 33
       8
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 1
       1      10    1.63   0.088       0       0       0
        9.62E-059.62E-05       0
               1   0.088   0.034    0.46  1.4812
             5.6      95     2.3       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 2
       2      10    1.63   0.088       0       0       0
        9.09E-059.09E-05       0
               5   0.088   0.034    0.46  1.4812
             5.6      95     2.3       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 3
       3      20    1.68   0.079       0       0       0
        7.49E-057.49E-05       0
              20   0.079   0.025    0.14  0.4508
             5.6      96     2.5       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 4
       4      20    1.68   0.079       0       0       0
        5.35E-055.35E-05       0
              20   0.079   0.025    0.09  0.2898
             5.6      96     2.5       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 5
       5      20    1.59   0.068       0       0       0
        3.21E-053.21E-05       0
              20   0.068   0.016    0.09  0.2898
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 6
       6      20    1.59   0.068       0       0       0
        1.07E-051.07E-05       0
              20   0.068   0.016    0.08  0.2576
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 7
       7     800    1.59   0.068       0       0       0
               0       0       0
              50   0.068   0.016    0.07  0.2254
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 8
       8     100    1.59   0.396       0       0       0
               0       0       0
              50   0.396   0.001    0.07  0.2254
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 40
       0
*** Record 42
            YEAR      10            YEAR      10            YEAR      10   0
*** Record 45
       3    YEAR
*** Record 46
    DCON1   TAVE  33  34  1.0E3
    INFL    TCUM  33  33 0.00233
    IRRG    TSER

4 Foliar Applications @ 0.114 lb a.i./A

3/18/2014 12:10:17 PM; Flutriafol; Wisconsin Corn - WI Central Sands
User Interface Version: PRZM-GW (Version 1.01)
***Record 3
    0.76    0.36       0      18       1       1
***Record 6
       0
***Record 8
       1
***Record 9
       1    0.25      90     100       1  10  10  10       0     100
***Record 10
      30
***Record 11
  010561  210761  201061       1
  010562  210762  201062       1
  010563  210763  201063       1
  010564  210764  201064       1
  010565  210765  201065       1
  010566  210766  201066       1
  010567  210767  201067       1
  010568  210768  201068       1
  010569  210769  201069       1
  010570  210770  201070       1
  010571  210771  201071       1
  010572  210772  201072       1
  010573  210773  201073       1
  010574  210774  201074       1
  010575  210775  201075       1
  010576  210776  201076       1
  010577  210777  201077       1
  010578  210778  201078       1
  010579  210779  201079       1
  010580  210780  201080       1
  010581  210781  201081       1
  010582  210782  201082       1
  010583  210783  201083       1
  010584  210784  201084       1
  010585  210785  201085       1
  010586  210786  201086       1
  010587  210787  201087       1
  010588  210788  201088       1
  010589  210789  201089       1
  010590  210790  201090       1
***Record 12
Place Holder
***Record 13
     120       1       0       0
***Record 15
Place Holder
***Record 16
  10 861  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 861  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 861  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 861  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 862  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 862  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 862  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 862  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 863  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 863  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 863  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 863  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 864  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 864  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 864  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 864  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 865  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 865  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 865  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 865  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 866  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 866  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 866  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 866  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 867  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 867  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 867  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 867  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 868  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 868  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 868  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 868  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 869  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 869  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 869  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 869  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 870  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 870  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 870  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 870  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 871  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 871  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 871  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 871  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 872  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 872  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 872  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 872  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 873  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 873  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 873  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 873  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 874  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 874  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 874  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 874  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 875  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 875  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 875  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 875  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 876  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 876  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 876  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 876  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 877  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 877  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 877  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 877  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 878  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 878  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 878  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 878  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 879  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 879  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 879  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 879  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 880  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 880  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 880  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 880  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 881  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 881  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 881  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 881  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 882  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 882  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 882  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 882  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 883  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 883  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 883  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 883  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 884  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 884  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 884  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 884  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 885  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 885  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 885  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 885  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 886  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 886  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 886  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 886  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 887  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 887  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 887  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 887  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 888  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 888  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 888  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 888  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 889  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 889  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 889  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 889  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  10 890  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  17 890  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  24 890  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
  30 890  0 1    4 0.128    1    0
***Record 17
       0       1       0
***Record 19
Place Holder
***Record 20
    1000           0   0   0   0   0   2   1   1   0
***Record 26
       0       0       0
***Record 27
       3     0.1     0.7     4.0
***Record 31
  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2  0.2 0.97 10.0
***Record 32
  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6  5.6
***Record 32A
    2.00    25.0
***Record 33
       8
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 1
       1      10    1.63   0.088       0       0       0
        9.62E-059.62E-05       0
               1   0.088   0.034    0.46  1.4812
             5.6      95     2.3       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 2
       2      10    1.63   0.088       0       0       0
        9.09E-059.09E-05       0
               5   0.088   0.034    0.46  1.4812
             5.6      95     2.3       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 3
       3      20    1.68   0.079       0       0       0
        7.49E-057.49E-05       0
              20   0.079   0.025    0.14  0.4508
             5.6      96     2.5       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 4
       4      20    1.68   0.079       0       0       0
        5.35E-055.35E-05       0
              20   0.079   0.025    0.09  0.2898
             5.6      96     2.5       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 5
       5      20    1.59   0.068       0       0       0
        3.21E-053.21E-05       0
              20   0.068   0.016    0.09  0.2898
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 6
       6      20    1.59   0.068       0       0       0
        1.07E-051.07E-05       0
              20   0.068   0.016    0.08  0.2576
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 7
       7     800    1.59   0.068       0       0       0
               0       0       0
              50   0.068   0.016    0.07  0.2254
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 8
       8     100    1.59   0.396       0       0       0
               0       0       0
              50   0.396   0.001    0.07  0.2254
             5.6      97     1.7       0       0
*** Record 40
       0
*** Record 42
            YEAR      10            YEAR      10            YEAR      10   0
*** Record 45
       3    YEAR
*** Record 46
    DCON1   TAVE  33  34  1.0E3
    INFL    TCUM  33  33 0.00233
        IRRG    TSER

SCI-GROW OUTPUT

                      SCIGROW
                          VERSION 2.3
            ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS DIVISION
                 OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS
             U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                        SCREENING MODEL
                FOR AQUATIC PESTICIDE EXPOSURE

 SciGrow version 2.3
 chemical:flutriafol
 time is  3/12/2014   8:31:22
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Application      Number of       Total Use    Koc      Soil Aerobic
  rate (lb/acre)  applications   (lb/acre/yr)  (ml/g)   metabolism (days)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
      0.488           1.0           0.488      1.40E+02     4047.6
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 groundwater screening cond (ppb) =   1.02E+01
 ************************************************************************

Appendix 3 Surface Water FIRST OUTPUT

4 applications @ 0.114 lb ai/A; 7 day interval

RUN No.   1 FOR flutriafol       ON   4 apps        * INPUT VALUES *
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
    RATE (#/AC)   No.APPS &   SOIL  SOLUBIL  APPL TYPE  %CROPPED INCORP
     ONE(MULT)    INTERVAL    Koc   (PPM )   (%DRIFT)     AREA    (IN)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
  0.114(  0.456)   4   7     322.0  130.0   AERIAL(16.0)  91.0   0.0

   FIELD AND RESERVOIR HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   METABOLIC  DAYS UNTIL  HYDROLYSIS   PHOTOLYSIS   METABOLIC  COMBINED
    (FIELD)  RAIN/RUNOFF  (RESERVOIR)  (RES.-EFF)   (RESER.)   (RESER.)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   7202.00        2           0.00    0.00-    0.00   49.20      49.20

   UNTREATED WATER CONC (MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Ver 1.1.1  MAR 26, 2008
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
        PEAK DAY  (ACUTE)      ANNUAL AVERAGE (CHRONIC)
          CONCENTRATION             CONCENTRATION
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
             28.169                      2.803

2 applications @ 0.114 lb ai/A; 7 day interval

RUN No.   2 FOR flutriafol       ON   grain sorg    * INPUT VALUES *
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
    RATE (#/AC)   No.APPS &   SOIL  SOLUBIL  APPL TYPE  %CROPPED INCORP
     ONE(MULT)    INTERVAL    Koc   (PPM )   (%DRIFT)     AREA    (IN)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
  0.114(  0.228)   2   7     322.0  130.0   AERIAL(16.0)  91.0   0.0

   FIELD AND RESERVOIR HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   METABOLIC  DAYS UNTIL  HYDROLYSIS   PHOTOLYSIS   METABOLIC  COMBINED
    (FIELD)  RAIN/RUNOFF  (RESERVOIR)  (RES.-EFF)   (RESER.)   (RESER.)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   7202.00        2          N/A      0.00-    0.00    49.20     49.20

   UNTREATED WATER CONC (MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Ver 1.1.1  MAR 26, 2008
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
        PEAK DAY  (ACUTE)      ANNUAL AVERAGE (CHRONIC)
          CONCENTRATION             CONCENTRATION
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
             14.198                      1.415

1 application @ 0.26 lb ai/A T-Band application

   RUN No.   3 FOR flutrial         ON   cotton t-b    * INPUT VALUES *
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
    RATE (#/AC)   No.APPS &   SOIL  SOLUBIL  APPL TYPE  %CROPPED INCORP
     ONE(MULT)    INTERVAL    Koc   (PPM )   (%DRIFT)     AREA    (IN)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
  0.260(  0.260)   1   1     322.0  130.0   GROUND( 6.4)  91.0   1.5

   FIELD AND RESERVOIR HALFLIFE VALUES (DAYS)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   METABOLIC  DAYS UNTIL  HYDROLYSIS   PHOTOLYSIS   METABOLIC  COMBINED
    (FIELD)  RAIN/RUNOFF  (RESERVOIR)  (RES.-EFF)   (RESER.)   (RESER.)
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
   7202.00        2          N/A      0.00-    0.00    49.20     49.20

   UNTREATED WATER CONC (MICROGRAMS/LITER (PPB)) Ver 1.1.1  MAR 26, 2008
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
        PEAK DAY  (ACUTE)      ANNUAL AVERAGE (CHRONIC)
          CONCENTRATION             CONCENTRATION
   --------------------------------------------------------------------
             10.885                      1.078


[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 171 (Thursday, September 3, 2015)]
[Notices]
[Pages 53369-53370]
[FR Doc No: 2015-21869]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-75783; File No. SR-FINRA-2015-017]

Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority, Inc.; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change To Establish
the Securities Trader and Securities Trader Principal Registration
Categories

August 28, 2015.

I. Introduction

    On June 29, 2015, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
(``FINRA'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``Commission''), pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ a
proposed rule change to establish the Securities Trader and Securities
Trader Principal registration categories. The proposed rule change was
published for comment in the Federal Register on July 14, 2015.\3\ The
Commission received two comment letters on the proposed rule change.\4\
This order approves the proposed rule change.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
    \3\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 75394 (July 8,
2015), 80 FR 41119 (``Notice'').
    \4\ See letters to Robert W. Errett, Deputy Secretary,
Commission, from Kevin Zambrowicz, Associate General Counsel &
Managing Director, Securities Industry and Financial Markets
Association, dated July 10, 2015 (``SIFMA Letter'') and Michele Van
Tassel, President, Association of Registration Management, dated
July 19, 2015 (``ARM Letter'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Description of the Proposed Rule Change

A. Securities Trader Registration Category

    Pursuant to NASD Rule 1032(f), each person associated with a FINRA
member who is included within the definition of ``representative'' in
NASD Rule 1031 must register with FINRA as an Equity Trader if, with
respect to transactions in equity (including equity options), preferred
or convertible debt securities effected otherwise than on a national
securities exchange, the person is engaged in proprietary trading, the
execution of transactions on an agency basis, or the direct supervision
of such activities.\5\ Currently, before registering as an Equity
Trader and taking the Series 55 examination, the associated person must
be registered as either a General Securities Representative (Series 7)
or a Corporate Securities Representative (Series 62) and have passed
either of the exams.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \5\ There is an exception to this requirement for any person
associated with a FINRA member whose trading activities are
conducted principally on behalf of an investment company that is
registered with the Commission pursuant to the Investment Company
Act of 1940 and that controls, is controlled by, or is under common
control with the member.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The exchanges, however, currently use the Series 56 examination as
a qualification standard for several registration categories relating
to securities trading, including the Proprietary Trader registration
category, and only NASDAQ recognizes the Series 55 examination as an
acceptable qualification standard under its registration rules. Unlike
the Series 55 examination, there is no prerequisite registration
requirement for individuals taking the Series 56 examination. The
Series 56 examination is administered by FINRA, however FINRA does not
recognize the exam as an acceptable qualification examination.
Associated persons of FINRA members are required to pass the Series 55
examination to engage in over-the-counter securities trading.
Consequently, individuals engaged in trading activities at broker-
dealers may be subject to varying qualification requirements, depending
on whether their activities take place on a securities exchange or
over-the-counter.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ FINRA notes that there is significant overlap in the content
of the Series 55 and 56 examinations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In its proposal, FINRA amends NASD Rule 1032(f) to replace the
Equity Trader registration category and qualification examination
(Series 55) with a Securities Trader registration category and
qualification examination (Series 57).\7\ FINRA also amends NASD Rule
1032(f) to eliminate the prerequisite registration requirement. In
addition, FINRA amends NASD Rule 1032(f) to provide that a person
solely registered as a Securities Trader will not be qualified to
function in any other registration category.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ FINRA will develop the Series 57 examination and will file
the examination with the Commission as part of a separate proposed
rule change. According to FINRA, while the Series 57 examination
will include the core knowledge portion of the Series 7 examination,
the Series 57 examination will also be based on the current job
functions of securities traders and include elements of the Series
55 and 56 examination programs. In addition, FINRA will file a
separate proposed rule change to establish the fee for the Series 57
examination.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As proposed, a person registered as an Equity Trader in the Central
Registration Depository (``CRD'') system on the effective date of the
proposed rule change \8\ will be grandfathered as a Securities Trader
without having to take any additional examinations and without having
to take any other actions.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \8\ The exchanges have indicated that they will replace the
Series 56 examination with the Series 57 examination for those
registration categories, such as the Proprietary Trader registration
category, where the Series 56 is currently an acceptable
qualification standard. The Commission expects the exchanges to file
their proposed rule changes to effectuate this change before FINRA's
expected effective date for the Series 57--January 4, 2016.
    \9\ A person who was registered as an Equity Trader in the CRD
system before the effective date of the proposed rule change will be
eligible to register as a Securities Trader without having to take
any additional examinations, provided that no more than two years
has passed between the date the person was last registered as a
representative and the date the person registers as a Securities
Trader.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Securities Trader Principal Registration Category

    Currently, an associated person with direct supervisory
responsibility over

the securities trading activities set forth in NASD Rule 1032(f)(1) is
required to qualify and register as an Equity Trader. FINRA rules do
not expressly require such person to register in a specific principal
registration category. On the other hand, most national securities
exchanges expressly require that an individual associated with an
exchange member who has supervisory responsibility over proprietary
trading activities qualify and register as a Proprietary Trader
Principal.
    In its proposal, FINRA amends NASD Rule 1022(a) to require each
person associated with a FINRA member who is included within the
definition of ``principal'' in NASD Rule 1021 and who has supervisory
responsibility over the securities trading activities described in NASD
Rule 1032(f)(1) to qualify and register as a Securities Trader
Principal. To qualify for registration as a Securities Trader
Principal, a person must first qualify and register as a Securities
Trader and then pass the General Securities Principal qualification
examination (Series 24).\10\ As proposed, a person who is qualified and
registered only as a Securities Trader Principal may only have
supervisory responsibility over the activities specified in NASD Rule
1032(f)(1). Moreover, a person who is registered as a General
Securities Principal will not be qualified to supervise the trading
activities described in NASD Rule 1032(f)(1), unless the person
qualifies and registers as a Securities Trader by passing the Series 57
examination and affirmatively registers as a Securities Trader
Principal.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ The exchanges have indicated that they plan to replace the
Series 56 examination with the Series 57 examination under their
respective registration rules, thus the Series 57 examination will
also replace the Series 56 examination for those registration
categories, such as the Proprietary Trader Principal registration
category, where the Series 56 examination is currently an acceptable
prerequisite.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As proposed, a person registered as a General Securities Principal
and an Equity Trader in the CRD system on the effective date of the
proposed rule change will be eligible to register as a Securities
Trader Principal without having to take any additional
examinations.\11\ FINRA members, however, will be required to
affirmatively register persons who transition to Securities Trader
Principals on or after the effective date of the proposed rule
change.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \11\ An individual who was registered as a General Securities
Principal and an Equity Trader in the CRD system before the
effective date of the proposed rule change will also be eligible to
register as a Securities Trader Principal without having to take any
additional examinations, provided that no more than two years has
passed between the date that person was last registered as a
principal and the date that person registers as a Securities Trader
Principal. Moreover, on the effective date of the proposed rule
change, FINRA will convert Proprietary Trader Principal
registrations in the CRD system into Securities Trader Principal
registrations.
    \12\ In connection with the proposals discussed above, and in
anticipation of the national securities exchanges filing similar
proposed rule changes to replace the Series 56 examination with the
Series 57 examination in their respective registration rules, FINRA
proposes to amend the Form U4 to replace: (1) the Equity Trader
registration category with the Securities Trader registration
category as well as references to the Series 55 examination with the
Series 57 examination; (2) references to the Series 56 examination
with the Series 57 examination; and (3) the Proprietary Trader
Principal registration category with the Securities Trader Principal
registration category.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. Comment Letters

    The Commission received two comment letters that support the
proposed rule change.\13\ These commenters note that the proposal would
eliminate or reduce redundancies and inefficiencies that exist in the
current qualification regime.\14\ These commenters also support the
timeline for implementing the proposed rule change.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ See supra note 4.
    \14\ See SIFMA Letter at 3-4 and ARM Letter at 2.
    \15\ See SIFMA Letter at 4 and ARM Letter at 2. However, one
commenter requests that FINRA provide some flexibility in the
timeline given the other initiatives that member firms are currently
undertaking or will undertake in the near future. See SIFMA Letter
at 4. See also ARM Letter at 2. This commenter also encourages FINRA
to coordinate the current proposal and the Algorithmic Trading
proposal that was set forth in FINRA Regulatory Notice 15-06, and to
implement the Series 57 regime before implementing the Algorithmic
Trading proposal (assuming the Algorithmic Trading proposal moves
forward). See SIFMA Letter at 5. Moreover, this commenter encourages
FINRA to solicit comment on the Series 57 examination content
through a Regulatory Notice. See id. The Commission notes that FINRA
will file a proposed rule change to implement the new exam. See
Notice, supra note 3, at n. 6.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

IV. Discussion and Commission Findings

    After careful review of the proposed rule change and the comment
letters, the Commission finds that the proposed rule change is
consistent with the requirements of the Act and the rules and
regulations thereunder that are applicable to a national securities
association.\16\ Specifically, the Commission finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with Section 15A(b)(6) of the Act,\17\ which
requires, among other things, that FINRA rules be designed to prevent
fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, to promote just and
equitable principles of trade, and, in general, to protect investors
and the public interest. The Commission also finds that the proposed
rule change is consistent with Section 15A(g)(3) of the Act,\18\ which
requires FINRA to prescribe standards of training, experience, and
competence for persons associated with FINRA members. The proposed rule
change should harmonize the qualification and registration requirements
for individuals engaged in securities trading activities across
different markets and for principals responsible for supervising such
activities. In addition, by explicitly requiring the registration of
Securities Trader Principals, as such, the proposal will help FINRA to
identify and contact principals with supervisory responsibility over
the securities trading activities described in NASD Rule 1032(f)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \16\ In approving this proposed rule change, the Commission has
considered the proposed rule's impact on efficiency, competition,
and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C. 78c(f).
    \17\ 15 U.S.C. 78o-3(b)(6).
    \18\ 15 U.S.C. 78o-3(g)(3).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

V. Conclusion

    It is therefore ordered, pursuant to Section 19(b)(2) of the
Act,\19\ that the proposed rule change (SR-FINRA-2015-017) be, and
hereby is, approved.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \19\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2).
    \20\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\20\
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2015-21869 Filed 9-2-15; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 8011-01-P