(4) Annual production figures for each emission family divided by
assembly plant.
    (5) Keep a list of equipment identification numbers for all the

equipment you produce under each certificate of conformity.
    (b) Keep required data from routine emission tests (such as
temperature measurements) for one year after we issue the associated
certificate of conformity. Keep all other information specified in
paragraph (a) of this section for eight years after we issue your
certificate.
    (c) Store these records in any format and on any media as long as
you can promptly send us organized, written records in English if we
ask for them. You must keep these records readily available. We may
review them at any time.

Sec.  1060.255  What decisions may EPA make regarding my certificate of
conformity?

    (a) If we determine your application is complete and shows that the
emission family meets all the requirements of this part and the Clean
Air Act, we will issue a certificate of conformity for your emission
family for that production period. We may make the approval subject to
additional conditions.
    (b) We may deny your application for certification if we determine
that your emission family fails to comply with emission standards or
other requirements of this part or the Clean Air Act. We will base our
decision on all available information. If we deny your application, we
will explain why in writing.
    (c) In addition, we may deny your application or suspend or revoke
your certificate if you do any of the following:
    (1) Refuse to comply with any testing or reporting requirements.
    (2) Submit false or incomplete information (paragraph (e) of this
section applies if this is fraudulent).
    (3) Render inaccurate any test data.
    (4) Deny us from completing authorized activities despite our
presenting a warrant or court order (see 40 CFR 1068.20). This includes
a failure to provide reasonable assistance.
    (5) Produce equipment or components for importation into the United
States at a location where local law prohibits us from carrying out
authorized activities.
    (6) Fail to supply requested information or amend your application
to include all equipment or components being produced.
    (7) Take any action that otherwise circumvents the intent of the
Clean Air Act or this part.
    (d) We may void your certificate if you do not keep the records we
require or do not give us information when we ask for it.
    (e) We may void your certificate if we find that you intentionally
submitted false or incomplete information.
    (f) If we deny your application or suspend, revoke, or void your
certificate, you may ask for a hearing (see Sec.  1060.820).

Subpart D--Production Verification Testing

Sec.  1060.301  Manufacturer testing.

    (a) Using good engineering judgment, you must evaluate production
samples to verify that equipment or components you produce are as
specified in the certificate of conformity. This may involve testing
using certification procedures or other measurements.
    (b) You must give us records to document your evaluation if we ask
for them.

Sec.  1060.310  Supplying products to EPA for testing.

    Upon our request, you must supply a reasonable number of production
samples to us for verification testing.

Subpart E--In-use Testing

Sec.  1060.401  General Provisions.

    We may perform in-use testing of any equipment or fuel-system
components subject to the standards of this part.

Subpart F--Test Procedures

Sec.  1060.501  General testing provisions.

    (a) This subpart is addressed to you as a certifying manufacturer
but it applies equally to anyone who does testing for you.
    (b) Unless we specify otherwise, the terms ``procedures'' and
``test procedures'' in this part include all aspects of testing,
including the equipment specifications, calibrations, calculations, and
other protocols and procedural specifications needed to measure
emissions.
    (c) The specification for gasoline to be used for testing is given
in 40 CFR 1065.710. Use the grade of gasoline specified for general
testing. For testing specified in this part that requires a blend of
gasoline and ethanol, blend this grade of gasoline with fuel-grade
ethanol meeting the specifications of ASTM D4806 (incorporated by
reference in Sec.  1060.810). You do not need to measure the ethanol
concentration of such blended fuels and may instead calculate the
blended composition by assuming that the ethanol is pure and mixes
perfectly with the base fuel. For example, if you mix 10.0 liters of
fuel-grade ethanol with 90.0 liters of gasoline, you may assume the
resulting mixture is 10.0 percent ethanol. You may use more or less
pure ethanol if you can demonstrate that it will not affect your
ability to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission
standards. Note that unless we specify otherwise, any references to
gasoline-ethanol mixtures containing a specified ethanol concentration
means mixtures meeting the provisions of this paragraph (c).
    (d) Accuracy and precision of all temperature measurements must be
1.0 [deg]C or better. If you use multiple sensors to
measure differences in temperature, calibrate the sensors so they will
be within 0.5 [deg]C of each other when they are in thermal equilibrium
at a point within the range of test temperatures (use the starting
temperature in Table 1 to Sec.  1060.525 unless this is not feasible).
    (e) Accuracy and precision of mass balances must be sufficient to
ensure accuracy and precision of two percent or better for emission
measurements for products at the maximum level allowed by the standard.
The readability of the display may not be coarser than half of the
required accuracy and precision. Examples are shown in the following
table:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                    Example 1    Example 2           Example 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Applicable standard..............  1.5 g/m2/day........  1.5 g/m2/day........  15 g/m2/day.
Internal surface area............  1.15 m2.............  0.47 m2.............  0.070 m2.
Length of test...................  14 days.............  14 days.............  28 days.
Maximum allowable mass change....  24.15 g.............  9.87 g..............  1.96 g.
Required accuracy and precision..  0.483 g   0.197 g   0.0392 g or better.
                                    or better.            or better.
Required readability.............  0.1 g or better.....  0.1 g or better.....  0.01 g or better.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec.  1060.505  Other procedures.

    (a) Your testing. The procedures in this part apply for all testing
you do to show compliance with emission standards, with certain
exceptions listed in this section.
    (b) Our testing. These procedures generally apply for testing that
we do to determine if your equipment complies

with applicable emission standards. We may perform other testing as
allowed by the Clean Air Act.
    (c) Exceptions. We may allow or require you to use procedures other
than those specified in this part in the following cases:
    (1) You may request to use special procedures if your equipment
cannot be tested using the specified procedures. We will approve your
request if we determine that it would produce emission measurements
that represent in-use operation and we determine that it can be used to
show compliance with the requirements of the standard-setting part.
    (2) You may ask to use emission data collected using other
procedures, such as those of the California Air Resources Board or the
International Organization for Standardization. We will approve this
only if you show us that using these other procedures does not affect
your ability to show compliance with the applicable emission standards.
This generally requires emission levels to be far enough below the
applicable emission standards so any test differences do not affect
your ability to state unconditionally that your equipment will meet all
applicable emission standards when tested using the specified test
procedures.
    (3) You may request to use alternate procedures that are equivalent
to allowed procedures or are more accurate or more precise than allowed
procedures. See 40 CFR 1065.12 for a description of the information
that is generally required to show that an alternate test procedure is
equivalent.
    (4) The test procedures are specified for gasoline-fueled
equipment. If your equipment will use another volatile liquid fuel
instead of gasoline, use a test fuel that is representative of the fuel
that will be used with the equipment in use. You may ask us to approve
other changes to the test procedures to reflect the effects of using a
fuel other than gasoline.
    (d) Approval. If we require you to request approval to use other
procedures under paragraph (c) of this section, you may not use them
until we approve your request.

Sec.  1060.510  How do I test EPA Low-Emission Fuel Lines for
permeation emissions?

    For EPA Low-Emission Fuel Lines, measure emissions according to SAE
J2260, which is incorporated by reference in Sec.  1054.810.

Sec.  1060.515  How do I test EPA Nonroad Fuel Lines and EPA Cold-
Weather Fuel Lines for permeation emissions?

    Measure emission as follows for EPA Nonroad Fuel Lines and EPA
Cold-Weather Fuel Lines:
    (a) Prior to permeation testing, use good engineering judgment to
precondition the fuel line by filling it with the fuel specified in
this paragraph (a), sealing the openings, and soaking it for at least
four weeks at 43 5 [deg]C or eight weeks at 23
5 [deg]C.
    (1) For EPA Nonroad Fuel Lines, use Fuel CE10, which is Fuel C as
specified in ASTM D471 (incorporated by reference in Sec.  1054.810)
blended with ethanol such that the blended fuel has 10.0
1.0 percent ethanol by volume.
    (2) For EPA Cold-Weather Fuel Lines, use gasoline blended with
ethanol such that the blended fuel has 10.0  1.0 percent
ethanol by volume.
    (b) Drain the fuel line and refill it immediately with the fuel
specified in paragraph (a) of this section. Be careful not to spill any
fuel.
    (c) Measure fuel line permeation emissions using the equipment and
procedures for weight-loss testing specified in SAE J30 or SAE J1527
(incorporated by reference in Sec.  1054.810). Start the measurement
procedure within 8 hours after draining and refilling the fuel line.
Perform the emission test over a sampling period of 14 days.
    (d) Use good engineering judgment to test fuel line segments with
short length or narrow inner diameter. For example, size the fuel
reservoir appropriately for the tested fuel line and take steps to
eliminate air bubbles from narrow-diameter fuel lines.

Sec.  1060.520  How do I test fuel tanks for permeation emissions?

    Measure permeation emissions by weighing a sealed fuel tank before
and after a temperature-controlled soak.
    (a) Preconditioning durability testing. Take the following steps
before an emission test, in any order, if your emission control
technology involves surface treatment or other post-processing
treatments such as an epoxy coating:
    (1) Pressure cycling. Perform a pressure test by sealing the tank
and cycling it between +13.8 and -1.7 kPa (+2.0 and -0.5 psig) for
10,000 cycles at a rate of 60 seconds per cycle. The purpose of this
test is to represent environmental wall stresses caused by pressure
changes and other factors (such as vibration or thermal expansion). If
your tank cannot be tested using the pressure cycles specified by this
paragraph (a)(1), you may ask to use special test procedures under
Sec.  1060.505.
    (2) UV exposure. Perform a sunlight-exposure test by exposing the
tank to an ultraviolet light of at least 24 W/m2 (0.40 W-hr/
m2/min) on the tank surface for at least 450 hours.
Alternatively, the fuel tank may be exposed to direct natural sunlight
for an equivalent period of time as long as you ensure that the tank is
exposed to at least 450 daylight hours.
    (3) Slosh testing. Perform a slosh test by filling the tank to 40-
50 percent of its capacity with the fuel specified in paragraph (e) of
this section and rocking it at a rate of 15 cycles per minute until you
reach one million total cycles. Use an angle deviation of +15[deg] to -
15[deg] from level.
    (b) Preconditioning fuel soak. Take the following steps before an
emission test:
    (1) Fill the tank with the fuel specified in paragraph (e) of this
section, seal it, and allow it to soak at 28 5[deg]C for at
least 20 weeks. Alternatively, the tank may be soaked for at least 10
weeks at 435[deg]C. You may count the time of the
preconditioning steps in paragraph (a) of this section as part of the
preconditioning fuel soak as long as the ambient temperature remains
within the specified temperature range and the fuel tank is at least 40
percent full; you may add or replace fuel as needed to conduct the
specified durability procedures.
    (2) Empty the fuel tank and immediately refill it with the
specified test fuel to its nominal capacity. Be careful not to spill
any fuel.
    (3) Perform durability cycles on fuel caps intended for use with
handheld equipment by putting the fuel cap on and taking it off 300
times. Tighten the fuel cap each time in a way that represents the
typical in-use experience.
    (4) Allow the tank and its contents to equilibrate to the
temperatures specified in paragraph (d)(7) of this section. Seal the
fuel tank as described in paragraph (b)(5) of this section once the
fuel temperatures are stabilized at the test temperature. You must seal
the tank no more than eight hours after refueling. Until the fuel tank
is sealed, take steps to minimize the vapor losses from the fuel tank,
such as keeping the fuel cap loose on the fuel inlet or routing vapors
through a vent hose.
    (5) Seal the fuel tank as follows:
    (i) If fuel tanks are designed for use with a filler neck such that
the fuel cap is not directly mounted on the fuel tank, you may seal the
fuel inlet with a nonpermeable covering.

    (ii) If fuel tanks are designed with fuel caps directly mounted on
the fuel tank, take one of the following approaches:
    (A) Use a production fuel cap expected to have permeation emissions
at least as high as the highest-emitting fuel cap that you expect to be
used with fuel tanks from the emission family. It would generally be
appropriate to consider an HDPE fuel cap with a nitrile rubber seal to
be worst-case.
    (B) You may seal the fuel inlet with a nonpermeable covering if you
separately measure the permeation from a worst-case fuel cap as
described in Sec.  1060.521.
    (C) If you use or specify a fuel gasket made of low-permeability
material, you may seal the fuel inlet with a nonpermeable covering and
calculate an emission rate for the complete fuel tank using a default
value of 30 g/m2/day for the fuel cap (or 50 g/
m2/day for testing at 40[deg]C). Use the smallest inside
cross-sectional area of the opening on which the cap is mounted as the
fuel cap's surface area.
    (iii) Openings that are not normally sealed on the fuel tank (such
as hose-connection fittings and vents in fuel caps) may be sealed using
nonpermeable fittings such as metal or fluoropolymer plugs.
    (iv) Openings for petcocks that are designed for draining fuel may
be sealed using nonpermeable fittings such as metal or fluoropolymer
plugs.
    (v) Openings for grommets may be sealed using nonpermeable fittings
such as metal or fluoropolymer plugs.
    (vi) Rather than sealing a fuel tank with nonpermeable fittings,
you may produce a fuel tank for testing without machining or stamping
those holes.
    (c) Reference tank. A reference tank is required to correct for
buoyancy effects that may occur during testing. Prepare the reference
tank as follows:
    (1) Obtain a second tank that is identical to the test tank. You
may not use a tank that has previously contained fuel or any other
contents that might affect its mass stability.
    (2) Fill the reference tank with enough glass beads (or other inert
material) so the mass of the reference tank is approximately the same
as the test tank when filled with fuel. Considering the performance
characteristics of your balance, use good engineering judgment to
determine how similar the mass of the reference tank needs to be to the
mass of the test tank.
    (3) Ensure that the inert material is dry.
    (4) Seal the tank.
    (d) Permeation test run. To run the test, take the following steps
after preconditioning:
    (1) Determine the fuel tank's internal surface area in square-
meters, accurate to at least three significant figures. You may use
less accurate estimates of the surface area if you make sure not to
overestimate the surface area.
    (2) Weigh the sealed test tank and record the weight. Place the
reference tank on the balance and tare it so it reads zero. Place the
sealed test tank on the balance and record the difference between the
test tank and the reference tank. This value is Mo. Take
this measurement directly after sealing the test tank as specified in
paragraphs (b)(4) and (5) of this section.
    (3) Carefully place the tank within a temperature-controlled room
or enclosure. Do not spill or add any fuel.
    (4) Close the room or enclosure as needed to control temperatures
and record the time. However, you may need to take steps to prevent an
accumulation of hydrocarbon vapors in the room or enclosure that might
affect the degree to which fuel permeates through the fuel tank. This
might simply involve passive ventilation to allow fresh air exchanges.
    (5) Ensure that the measured temperature in the room or enclosure
stays within the temperatures specified in paragraph (d)(6) of this
section.
    (6) Leave the tank in the room or enclosure for the duration of the
test run.
    (7) Hold the temperature of the room or enclosure at 28  2 [deg]C; measure and record the temperature at least daily. You
may alternatively hold the temperature of the room or enclosure at 40
 2 [deg]C to demonstrate compliance with the alternative
standards specified in Sec.  1060.103(b).
    (8) Measure weight loss daily by retaring the balance using the
reference tank and weighing the sealed test tank. Calculate the
cumulative weight loss in g/m2/day for each measurement.
Calculate the coefficient of determination, r2, based on a
linear plot of cumulative weight loss vs. test days as described in 40
CFR 1065.602(k). Continue testing for ten full days or, if
r2 is below 0.95, continue testing until r2 is at
or above 0.95. If r2 is not at or above 0.95 within 20 days
of testing, discontinue the test and precondition the fuel tank further
until it has stabilized emission levels, then repeat the testing. The
daily measurements must be at approximately the same time each day. You
may omit up to two daily measurements in any seven-day period.
    (9) Record the difference in mass between the reference tank and
the test tank for each measurement. This value is Mi, where
i is a counter representing the number of days elapsed. Subtract
Mi from Mo and divide the difference by the
internal surface area of the fuel tank. Divide this g/m2
value by the number of test days (using at least two decimal places) to
calculate the emission rate in g/m2/day. Example: If a tank
with an internal surface area of 0.720 m2 weighed 1.31 grams
less than the reference tank at the beginning of the test and weighed
9.86 grams less than the reference tank after soaking for 10.03 days,
the emission rate would be--

((-1.31 g) - (-9.82 g)) / 0.720 m2 / 10.03 days = 1.36 g/
m2/day.

    (10) Round your result to the same number of decimal places as the
emission standard.
    (e) Fuel specifications. Use gasoline blended with ethanol such
that the blended fuel has 10.0  1.0 percent ethanol by
volume as specified in Sec.  1060.501. As an alternative, you may use
Fuel CE10, as described in Sec.  1060.515(a)(1).
    (f) Flow chart. The following figure presents a flow chart for the
permeation testing described in this section:
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08OC08.078

BILLING CODE 6560-50-C

Sec.  1060.521  How do I test fuel caps for permeation emissions?

    If you measure a fuel tank's permeation emissions with a
nonpermeable covering in place of the fuel cap under Sec.
1060.520(b)(5)(ii)(B), you must separately measure permeation emissions
from a fuel cap. You may show that your fuel tank and fuel cap meet
emission standards by certifying them separately or by combining the
separate measurements into a single emission rate based on the relative
surface areas of the fuel tank

and fuel cap. However, you may not combine these emission measurements
if you test the fuel cap at a nominal temperature of 28 [deg]C and you
test the fuel tank at 40 [deg]C. Measure the fuel cap's permeation
emissions as follows:
    (a) Select a fuel cap expected to have permeation emissions at
least as high as the highest-emitting fuel cap that you expect to be
used with fuel tanks from the emission family. Include a gasket that
represents production models. If the fuel cap includes vent paths, seal
these vents as follows:
    (1) If the vent path is through grooves in the gasket, you may use
another gasket with no vent grooves if it is otherwise the same as a
production gasket.
    (2) If the vent path is through the cap, seal any vents for
testing.
    (b) Attach the fuel cap to a fuel tank with a capacity of at least
one liter made of metal or some other impermeable material.
    (c) Use the procedures specified in Sec.  1060.520 to measure
permeation emissions. Calculate emission rates using the smallest
inside cross sectional area of the opening on which the cap is mounted
as the fuel cap's surface area.

Sec.  1060.525   How do I test fuel systems for diurnal emissions?

    Use the procedures of this section to determine whether your fuel
tanks meet diurnal emission standards as specified in Sec.  1060.105.
    (a) Except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section, use the
following procedure to measure diurnal emissions:
    (1) Diurnal measurements are based on a representative temperature
cycle. For marine fuel tanks, the temperature cycle specifies fuel
temperatures rather than ambient temperatures. The applicable
temperature cycle is indicated in the following table:

                     Table 1 to Sec.   1060.525--Diurnal Temperature Profiles for Fuel Tanks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               General Fuel     Fuel Temperature
                                                              Ambient          Temperature        Profile for
                                                            Temperature        Profile for     Marine Fuel Tanks
                      Time (hours)                       Profile for Land-   Installed Marine     Installed in
                                                          based Fuel Tanks      Fuel Tanks       Nontrailerable
                                                              ([deg]C)           ([deg]C)        Boats ([deg]C)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0......................................................               22.2               25.6               27.6
1......................................................               22.5               25.7               27.6
2......................................................               24.2               26.5               27.9
3......................................................               26.8               27.9               28.5
4......................................................               29.6               29.2               29.0
5......................................................               31.9               30.4               29.5
6......................................................               33.9               31.4               29.9
7......................................................               35.1               32.0               30.1
8......................................................               35.4               32.2               30.2
9......................................................               35.6               32.2               30.2
10.....................................................               35.3               32.1               30.2
11.....................................................               34.5               31.7               30.0
12.....................................................               33.2               31.0               29.7
13.....................................................               31.4               30.2               29.4
14.....................................................               29.7               29.3               29.1
15.....................................................               28.2               28.6               28.8
16.....................................................               27.2               28.0               28.5
17.....................................................               26.1               27.5               28.3
18.....................................................               25.1               27.0               28.1
19.....................................................               24.3               26.6               28.0
20.....................................................               23.7               26.3               27.9
21.....................................................               23.3               26.1               27.8
22.....................................................               22.9               25.9               27.7
23.....................................................               22.6               25.7               27.6
24.....................................................               22.2               25.6               27.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Fill the fuel tank to 40 percent of nominal capacity with the
gasoline specified in 40 CFR 1065.710 for general testing.
    (3) Install a vapor line from any vent ports that would not be
sealed in the final in-use configuration. Use a length of vapor line
representing the largest inside diameter and shortest length that would
be expected with the range of in-use installations for the emission
family.
    (4) Stabilize the fuel tank at the starting temperature of the
applicable temperature profile from paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
For sealed fuel systems, replace the fuel cap once the fuel reaches
equilibrium at the appropriate starting temperature.
    (5) If the fuel tank is equipped with a carbon canister, load the
canister with butane or gasoline vapors to its canister working
capacity as specified in Sec.  1060.240(e)(2)(i) and attach it to the
fuel tank in a way that represents a typical in-use configuration.
    (6) Place the fuel tank with the carbon canister and vent line in a
SHED meeting the specifications of 40 CFR 86.107-96(a)(1). Follow the
applicable temperature trace from paragraph (a)(1) of this section for
one 24-hour period. You need not measure emissions during this
stabilization step.
    (7) As soon as possible after the stabilization in paragraph (a)(6)
of this section, purge the SHED and follow the applicable temperature
trace from paragraph (a)(1) of this section for three consecutive 24-
hour periods. Start measuring emissions when you start the temperature
profile. The end of the first, second, and third emission sampling
periods must occur 1440  6, 2880  6, and 4320
 6 minutes, respectively, after starting the measurement
procedure. Use the highest of the three emission levels to determine
whether your fuel tank meets the diurnal emission standard.
    (8) For emission control technologies that rely on a sealed fuel
system, you may omit the stabilization step in paragraph (a)(6) of this
section and the last two 24-hour periods of emission

measurements in paragraph (a)(7) of this section. For purposes of this
paragraph (a), sealed fuel systems include those that rely on pressure-
relief valves, limiting flow orifices, bladder fuel tanks, and volume-
compensating air bags.
    (b) You may subtract your fuel tank's permeation emissions from the
measured diurnal emissions if the fuel tank is preconditioned with
diurnal test fuel as described in Sec.  1060.520(b) or if you use good
engineering judgment to otherwise establish that the fuel tank has
stabilized permeation emissions. Measure permeation emissions for
subtraction as specified in Sec.  1060.520(c) and (d) before measuring
diurnal emissions, except that the permeation measurement must be done
with diurnal test fuel at 28  2 [deg]C. Use appropriate
units and corrections to subtract the permeation emissions from the
fuel tank during the diurnal emission test. You may not subtract a
greater mass of emissions under this paragraph (b) than the fuel tank
would emit based on meeting the applicable emission standard for
permeation.

Subpart G--Special Compliance Provisions

Sec.  1060.601  How do the prohibitions of 40 CFR 1068.101 apply with
respect to the requirements of this part?

    (a) As described in Sec.  1060.1, fuel tanks and fuel lines that
are used with or intended to be used with new nonroad engines or
equipment are subject to evaporative emission standards under this part
1060. This includes portable marine fuel tanks and fuel lines and other
fuel-system components associated with portable marine fuel tanks. Note
that Sec.  1060.1 specifies an implementation schedule based on the
date of manufacture of nonroad equipment, so new fuel tanks and fuel
lines are not subject to standards under this part 1060 if they will be
installed for use in equipment built before the specified dates for
implementing the appropriate standards, subject to the limitations in
paragraph (b) of this section. Except as specified in paragraph (f) of
this section, fuel-system components that are subject to permeation or
diurnal emission standards under this part 1060 must be covered by a
valid certificate of conformity before being introduced into U.S.
commerce to avoid violating the prohibition of 40 CFR 1068.101(a). To
the extent we allow it under the exhaust standard-setting part, fuel-
system components may be certified with a family emission limit higher
than the specified emission standard. The provisions of this paragraph
(a) do not apply to fuel caps.
    (b) New replacement fuel tanks and fuel lines must meet the
requirements of this part 1060 if they are intended to be used with
nonroad engines or equipment regulated under this part 1060, as
follows:
    (1) Applicability of standards between January 1, 2012 and December
31, 2019. Manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and importers must
clearly state on the packaging for all replacement components that
could reasonably be used with nonroad engines how such components may
be used consistent with the prohibition in paragraph (a) of this
section. It is presumed that such components are intended for use with
nonroad engines regulated under this part 1060 unless the components,
or the packaging for such components, clearly identify appropriate
restrictions. This requirement does not apply for components that are
clearly not intended for use with fuels.
    (2) Applicability of standards after January 1, 2020. Starting
January 1, 2020 it is presumed that replacement components will be used
with nonroad engines regulated under this part 1060 if they can
reasonably be used with such engines. Manufacturers, distributors,
retailers, and importers are therefore obligated to take reasonable
steps to ensure that any uncertified components are not used to replace
certified components. This would require labeling the components and
may also require restricting the sales and requiring the ultimate
purchaser to agree to not use the components inappropriately. This
requirement does not apply for components that are clearly not intended
for use with fuels.
    (3) Applicability of the tampering prohibition. If a fuel tank or
fuel line needing replacement was certified to meet the emission
standards in this part with a family emission limit below the otherwise
applicable standard, the new replacement fuel tank or fuel line must be
certified to current emission standards, but need not be certified with
the same or lower family emission limit to avoid violating the
tampering prohibition in 40 CFR 1068.101(b)(1).
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Manufacturers that generate or use evaporative emission credits
related to Marine SI engines in 40 CFR part 1045 or Small SI engines in
40 CFR part 1054 are subject to the emission standards for which they
are generating or using evaporative emission credits. These engines or
equipment must therefore be covered by a valid certificate of
conformity showing compliance with emission-credit provisions before
being introduced into U.S. commerce to avoid violating the prohibition
of 40 CFR 1068.101(a).
    (e) If there is no valid certificate of conformity for any given
evaporative emission standard for new equipment, the manufacturers of
the engine, equipment and fuel-system components are each liable for
violations of the prohibited acts with respect to the fuel systems and
fuel-system components they have introduced into U.S. commerce,
including fuel systems and fuel-system components installed in engines
or equipment at the time the engines or equipment are introduced into
U.S. commerce.
    (f) If you manufacture fuel lines or fuel tanks that are subject to
the requirements of this part as described in paragraph (a) of this
section, 40 CFR 1068.101(a) does not prohibit you from shipping your
products directly to an equipment manufacturer or another manufacturer
from which you have received a written commitment to be responsible for
certifying the components as required under this part 1060. This
includes SHED-based certification of Small SI equipment as described in
Sec.  1060.105. If you ship fuel lines or fuel tanks under this
paragraph (f), you must include documentation that accompanies the
shipped products identifying the name and address of the company
receiving shipment and stating that the fuel lines or fuel tanks are
exempt under the provisions of 40 CFR 1060.601(f).
    (g) If new evaporative emission standards apply in a given model
year, your equipment in that model year must have fuel-system
components that are certified to the new standards, except that you may
continue to use up your normal inventory of earlier fuel-system
components that were built before the date of the new or changed
standards. For example, if your normal inventory practice is to keep on
hand a one-month supply of fuel tanks based on your upcoming production
schedules, and a new tier of standards starts to apply for the 2012
model year, you may order fuel tanks based on your normal inventory
requirements late in the fuel tank manufacturer's 2011 model year and
install those fuel tanks in your equipment, regardless of the date of
installation. Also, if your model year starts before the end of the
calendar year preceding new standards, you may use fuel-system
components from the previous model year (or uncertified components if
no standards were in place) for those units you produce before January
1 of the year that new standards apply. If emission standards do not
change in a given model year,

you may continue to install fuel-system components from the previous
model year without restriction. You may not circumvent the provisions
of 40 CFR 1068.101(a)(1) by stockpiling fuel-system components that
were built before new or changed standards take effect.

Sec.  1060.605  Exemptions from evaporative emission standards.

    (a) Except as specified in the exhaust standard-setting part and
paragraph (b) of this section, equipment using an engine that is exempt
from exhaust emission standards under the provisions in 40 CFR part
1068, subpart C or D, is also exempt from the requirements of this part
1060. For example, engines or equipment exempted from exhaust emission
standards for purposes of national security do not need to meet
evaporative emission standards. Also, any engine that is exempt from
emission standards because it will be used solely for competition does
not need to meet evaporative emission standards. Equipment that is
exempt from all exhaust emission standards under the standard-setting
part are also exempt from the requirements of this part 1060; however,
this does not apply for engines that must meet a less stringent exhaust
emission standard as a condition of the exemption.
    (b) Engines produced under the replacement-engine exemption in 40
CFR 1068.240 must use fuel-system components that meet the evaporative
emission standards based on the model year of the engine being replaced
subject to the provisions of 40 CFR 1068.265. If no evaporative
emission standards applied at that time, no requirements related to
evaporative emissions apply to the new engine. Installing a replacement
engine does not change the applicability of requirements for the
equipment into which the replacement engine is installed.
    (c) Engines or equipment that are temporarily exempt from EPA
exhaust emission standards are also exempt from the requirements of
this part 1060 for the same period as the exhaust exemption.
    (d) For equipment powered by more than one engine, all the engines
installed in the equipment must be exempt from all applicable EPA
exhaust emission standards for the equipment to also be exempt under
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section.
    (e) In unusual circumstances, we may exempt components or equipment
from the requirements of this part 1060 even if the equipment is
powered by one or more engines that are subject to EPA exhaust emission
standards. See 40 CFR part 1068. Such exemptions will be limited to:
    (1) Testing. See 40 CFR 1068.210.
    (2) National security. See 40 CFR 1068.225.
    (3) Economic hardship. See 40 CFR 1068.245 and 1068.250.
    (f) Evaporative emission standards generally apply based on the
model year of the equipment, which is determined by the equipment's
date of final assembly. However, in the first year of new emission
standards, equipment manufacturers may apply evaporative emission
standards based on the model year of the engine as shown on the
engine's emission control information label. For example, for fuel tank
permeation standards starting in 2012, equipment manufacturers may
order a batch of 2011 model year engines for installation in 2012 model
year equipment, subject to the anti-stockpiling provisions of 40 CFR
1068.105(a). The equipment with the 2011 model year engines would not
need to meet fuel tank permeation standards as long as the equipment is
fully assembled by December 31, 2012.

Sec.  1060.640  What special provisions apply to branded equipment?

    The following provisions apply if you identify the name and
trademark of another company instead of your own on your emission
control information label for equipment, as provided by Sec. Sec.
1060.135 and 1060.137:
    (a) You must have a contractual agreement with the other company
that obligates that company to take the following steps:
    (1) Meet the emission warranty requirements that apply under Sec.
1060.120. This may involve a separate agreement involving reimbursement
of warranty-related expenses.
    (2) Report all warranty-related information to the certificate
holder.
    (b) In your application for certification, identify the company
whose trademark you will use and describe the arrangements you have
made to meet your requirements under this section.
    (c) You remain responsible for meeting all the requirements of this
chapter, including warranty and defect-reporting provisions.

Subpart H--Averaging, Banking, and Trading Provisions

Sec.  1060.701  Applicability.

    (a) You are allowed to comply with the emission standards in this
part with evaporative emission credits only if the exhaust standard-
setting part explicitly allows it for evaporative emissions.
    (b) The following exhaust standard-setting parts allow some use of
evaporative emission credits:
    (1) 40 CFR part 1045 for marine vessels.
    (2) 40 CFR part 1051 for recreational vehicles.
    (3) 40 CFR part 1054 for Small SI equipment.
    (c) As specified in 40 CFR part 1048, there is no allowance to
generate or use emission credits with Large SI equipment.

Sec.  1060.705  How do I certify components to an emission level other
than the standard under this part or use such components in my
equipment?

    As specified in this section, a fuel-system component may be
certified to a family emission limit (FEL) instead of the otherwise
applicable emission standard. Note that the exhaust standard-setting
part may apply maximum values for an FEL (i.e., FEL caps).
    (a) Requirements for certifying component manufacturers. See
subpart C of this part for instructions regarding the general
requirements for certifying components.
    (1) When you submit your application for certification, indicate
the FEL to which your components will be certified. This FEL will serve
as the applicable standard for your component, and the equipment that
uses the component. For example, when the regulations of this part use
the phrase ``demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission
standard'' it will mean ``demonstrate compliance with the FEL'' for
your component.
    (2) You may not change the FEL for an emission family. To specify a
different FEL for your components, you must send a new application for
certification for a new emission family.
    (3) Unless your FEL is below all emission standards that could
potentially apply, you must ensure that all equipment manufacturers
that will use your component are aware of the limitations regarding the
conditions under which they may use your component.
    (4) It is your responsibility to read the instructions relative to
emission-credit provisions in the standard-setting parts identified in
Sec.  1060.1.
    (b) Requirements for equipment manufacturers. See subpart C of this
part for instructions regarding your ability to rely on the component
manufacturer's certificate.
    (1) The FEL of the component will serve as the applicable standard
for your equipment.
    (2) You may not specify more than one FEL for an emission family at
one

time; however, you may change the FEL during the model year as
described in Sec.  1060.225(f).
    (3) If the FEL is above the emission standard you must ensure that
the exhaust standard-setting part allows you to use evaporative
emission credits to comply with emission standards and that you will
have an adequate source of evaporative emission credits. You must
certify your equipment as specified in Sec.  1060.201 and the rest of
subpart C of this part.

Subpart I--Definitions and Other Reference Information

Sec.  1060.801  What definitions apply to this part?

    The following definitions apply to this part. The definitions apply
to all subparts unless we note otherwise. All undefined terms have the
meaning the Clean Air Act gives to them. The definitions follow:
    Accuracy and precision means the sum of accuracy and repeatability,
as defined in 40 CFR 1065.1001. For example, if a measurement device is
determined to have an accuracy of 1% and a repeatability of
2%, then its accuracy and precision would be 3%.
    Adjustable parameter means any device, system, or element of design
that someone can adjust and that, if adjusted, may affect emissions.
You may ask us to exclude a parameter if you show us that it will not
be adjusted in use in a way that affects emissions.
    Applicable emission standard or applicable standard means an
emission standard to which a fuel-system component is subject.
Additionally, if a fuel-system component has been or is being certified
to another standard or FEL, applicable emission standard means the FEL
or other standard to which the fuel-system component has been or is
being certified. This definition does not apply to subpart H of this
part.
    Canister working capacity means the measured amount of hydrocarbon
vapor that can be stored in a canister as specified in Sec.
1060.240(e)(2)(i).
    Carbon working capacity means the measured amount of hydrocarbon
vapor that can be stored in a given volume of carbon when tested
according to ASTM D5228 (incorporated by reference in Sec.  1060.810).
See Sec.  1060.240(e)(2)(ii).
    Certification means relating to the process of obtaining a
certificate of conformity for an emission family that complies with the
emission standards and requirements in this part.
    Certified emission level means the highest official emission result
in an emission family.
    Clean Air Act means the Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7401-
7671q.
    Cold-weather equipment is limited to the following types of
handheld equipment: Chainsaws, cut-off saws, clearing saws, brush
cutters with engines at or above 40cc, commercial earth and wood
drills, and ice augers. This includes earth augers if they are also
marketed as ice augers.
    Configuration means a unique combination of hardware (material,
geometry, and size) and calibration within an emission family. Units
within a single configuration differ only with respect to normal
production variability.
    Date of manufacture, means one of the following with respect to
equipment:
    (1) For outboard engines with under-cowl fuel tanks and for vessels
equipped with outboard engines and installed fuel tanks, date of
manufacture means the date on which the fuel tank is installed.
    (2) For all other equipment, date of manufacture has the meaning
given in 40 CFR 1068.30.
    Days means calendar days unless otherwise specified. For example,
when we specify working days we mean calendar days, excluding weekends
and U.S. national holidays.
    Designated Compliance Officer means the Manager, Heavy-Duty and
Nonroad Engine Group (6405-J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460.
    Detachable fuel line means a fuel line or fuel line assembly
intended to be used with a portable nonroad fuel tank and which is
connected by special fittings to the fuel tank and/or engine for easy
disassembly. Fuel lines that require a wrench or other tools to
disconnect are not considered detachable fuel lines.
    Diurnal emissions means evaporative emissions that occur as a
result of venting fuel tank vapors during daily temperature changes
while the engine is not operating.
    Effective length-to-diameter ratio means the mean vapor path length
of a carbon canister divided by the effective diameter of that vapor
path. The effective diameter is the diameter of a circle with the same
cross-sectional area as the average cross-sectional area of the carbon
canister's vapor path.
    Emission control system means any device, system, or element of
design that controls or reduces the regulated evaporative emissions
from a piece of nonroad equipment.
    Emission-data unit means a fuel line, fuel tank, fuel system, or
fuel-system component that is tested for certification. This includes
components tested by EPA.
    Emission family has the meaning given in Sec.  1060.230.
    Emission-related maintenance means maintenance that substantially
affects emissions or is likely to substantially affect emission
deterioration.
    Equipment means vehicles, marine vessels, and other types of
nonroad equipment that are subject to this part's requirements.
    Evaporative means relating to fuel emissions that result from
permeation of fuel through the fuel-system materials or from
ventilation of the fuel system.
    Exhaust standard-setting part means the part in the Code of Federal
Regulations that contains exhaust emission standards for a particular
piece of equipment (or the engine in that piece of equipment). For
example, the exhaust standard-setting part for off-highway motorcycles
is 40 CFR part 1051. Exhaust standard-setting parts may include
evaporative emission requirements or describe how the requirements of
this part 1060 apply.
    Exposed gasket surface area means the surface area of the gasket
inside the fuel tank that is exposed to fuel or fuel vapor. For the
purposes of calculating exposed surface area of a gasket, the thickness
of the gasket and the outside dimension of the opening being sealed are
used. Gasket overhang into the fuel tank should be ignored for the
purpose of this calculation.
    Family emission limit (FEL) means an emission level declared by the
manufacturer to serve in place of an otherwise applicable emission
standard under an ABT program specified by the exhaust standard-setting
part. The family emission limit must be expressed to the same number of
decimal places as the emission standard it replaces. The family
emission limit serves as the emission standard for the emission family
with respect to all required testing.
    Fuel CE10 has the meaning given in Sec.  1060.515(a).
    Fuel line means hoses or tubing designed to contain liquid fuel.
The exhaust standard-setting part may further specify which types of
hoses and tubing are subject to the standards of this part.
    Fuel system means all components involved in transporting,
metering, and mixing the fuel from the fuel tank to the combustion
chamber(s), including the fuel tank, fuel tank cap, fuel pump, fuel
filters, fuel lines, carburetor or fuel-injection components, and all
fuel-system vents. In the case where the fuel tank cap or other
components (excluding fuel lines) are directly mounted on the fuel
tank, they are considered to be a part of the fuel tank.

    Fuel type means a general category of fuels such as gasoline or
natural gas. There can be multiple grades within a single fuel type,
such as premium gasoline, regular gasoline, or gasoline with 10 percent
ethanol.
    Gasoline means one of the following:
    (1) For in-use fuels, gasoline means fuel that is commonly and
commercially know as gasoline, including ethanol blends.
    (2) For testing, gasoline has the meaning given in subpart F of
this part.
    Good engineering judgment means judgments made consistent with
generally accepted scientific and engineering principles and all
available relevant information. See 40 CFR 1068.5 for the
administrative process we use to evaluate good engineering judgment.
    High-permeability material means any nonmetal material that does
not qualify as low-permeability material.
    Installed marine fuel tank means a fuel tank designed for
delivering fuel to a Marine SI engine, excluding portable marine fuel
tanks.
    Large SI means relating to engines that are subject to evaporative
emission standards in 40 CFR part 1048.
    Low-permeability material means, for gaskets, a material with
permeation emission rates at or below 10 (g-mm)/m2/day when
measured according to SAE J2659 (incorporated by reference in Sec.
1060.810), where the test temperature is 23 [deg]C, the test fuel is
Fuel CE10, and testing immediately follows a four-week preconditioning
soak with the test fuel.
    Manufacture means the physical and engineering process of
designing, constructing, and assembling an engine, piece of nonroad
equipment, or fuel-system components subject to the requirements of
this part.
    Manufacturer has the meaning given in section 216(1) of the Clean
Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7550(1)). In general, this term includes:
    (1) Any person who manufactures an engine or piece of nonroad
equipment for sale in the United States or otherwise introduces a new
nonroad engine or a piece of new nonroad equipment into U.S. commerce.
    (2) Any person who manufactures a fuel-system component for an
engine subject to the requirements of this part as described in Sec.
1060.1(a).
    (3) Importers who import such products into the United States.
    Marine SI means relating to vessels powered by engines that are
subject to exhaust emission standards in 40 CFR part 1045.
    Marine vessel has the meaning given in 40 CFR Sec.  1045.801, which
generally includes all nonroad equipment used as a means of
transportation on water.
    Model year means one of the following things:
    (1) For equipment defined as ``new nonroad equipment'' under
paragraph (1) of the definition of ``new nonroad engine,'' model year
means one of the following:
    (i) Calendar year.
    (ii) Your annual new model production period if it is different
than the calendar year. This must include January 1 of the calendar
year for which the model year is named. It may not begin before January
2 of the previous calendar year and it must end by December 31 of the
named calendar year.
    (2) For other equipment defined as ``new nonroad equipment'' under
paragraph (2) of the definition of ``new nonroad engine,'' model year
has the meaning given in the exhaust standard-setting part.
    (3) For other equipment defined as ``new nonroad equipment'' under
paragraph (3) or paragraph (4) of the definition of ``new nonroad
engine,'' model year means the model year of the engine as defined in
the exhaust standard-setting part.
    New nonroad equipment means equipment meeting one or more of the
following criteria:
    (1) Nonroad equipment for which the ultimate purchaser has never
received the equitable or legal title. The equipment is no longer new
when the ultimate purchaser receives this title or the product is
placed into service, whichever comes first.
    (2) Nonroad equipment that is defined as new under the exhaust
standard-setting part. (Note: equipment that is not defined as new
under the exhaust standard-setting part may be defined as new under
this definition of ``new nonroad equipment.'')
    (3) Nonroad equipment with an engine that becomes new (as defined
in the exhaust standard-setting part) while installed in the equipment.
The equipment is no longer new when it is subsequently placed into
service. This paragraph (3) does not apply if the engine becomes new
before being installed in the equipment.
    (4) Nonroad equipment not covered by a certificate of conformity
issued under this part at the time of importation and manufactured
after the requirements of this part start to apply (see Sec.  1060.1).
The equipment is no longer new when it is subsequently placed into
service. Importation of this kind of new nonroad equipment is generally
prohibited by 40 CFR part 1068.
    Nominal capacity means a fuel tank's volume as specified by the
fuel tank manufacturer, using at least two significant figures, based
on the maximum volume of fuel the tank can hold with standard refueling
techniques.
    Nonroad engine has the meaning we give in 40 CFR 1068.30. In
general this means all internal-combustion engines except motor vehicle
engines, stationary engines, engines used solely for competition, or
engines used in aircraft. This part does not apply to all nonroad
engines (see Sec.  1060.1).
    Nonroad equipment means a piece of equipment that is powered by or
intended to be powered by one or more nonroad engines. Note that
Sec. Sec.  1060.5 and 1060.601 describes how we treat outboard engines,
portable marine fuel tanks, and associated fuel-system components as
nonroad equipment under this part 1060.
    Nontrailerable boat means a vessel whose length is 26.0 feet or
more, or whose width is more than 8.5 feet.
    Official emission result means the measured emission rate for an
emission-data unit.
    Placed into service means put into initial use for its intended
purpose.
    Portable marine fuel tank means a portable fuel tank that is used
or intended to be used to supply fuel to a marine engine during
operation.
    Portable nonroad fuel tank means a fuel tank that meets each of the
following criteria:
    (1) It has design features indicative of use in portable
applications, such as a carrying handle and fuel line fitting that can
be readily attached to and detached from a nonroad engine.
    (2) It has a nominal fuel capacity of 12 gallons or less.
    (3) It is designed to supply fuel to an engine while the engine is
operating.
    (4) It is not used or intended to be used to supply fuel to a
marine engine.
    Production period means the period in which a component or piece of
equipment will be produced under a certificate of conformity. A given
production period for an emission family may not include components
certified using different test data. A production period may not exceed
five years for certified components. Note that the definition of model
year includes specifications related to production periods for which a
certificate is valid for equipment.
    Recreational vehicle means vehicles that are subject to evaporative
emission standards in 40 CFR part 1051. This generally includes engines
that will be installed in recreational vehicles if the engines are
certified separately under 40 CFR 1051.20.

    Relating to as used in this section means relating to something in
a specific, direct manner. This expression is used in this section only
to define terms as adjectives and not to broaden the meaning of the
terms.
    Revoke has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1068.30. If we revoke a
certificate or an exemption, you must apply for a new certificate or
exemption before continuing to introduce the affected equipment into
U.S. commerce.
    Round means to round numbers according to standard procedures as
specified in 40 CFR 1065.1001.
    Running loss emissions means unburned fuel vapor that escapes from
the fuel system to the ambient atmosphere while the engine is
operating, excluding permeation emissions and diurnal emissions.
Running loss emissions generally result from fuel-temperature increases
caused by heat released from in-tank fuel pumps, fuel recirculation, or
proximity to heat sources such as the engine or exhaust components.
    Sealed means lacking openings to the atmosphere that would allow a
measurable amount of liquid or vapor to leak out under normal operating
pressures or other pressures specified in this part. For example, you
may generally establish a maximum value for operating pressures based
on the highest pressure you would observe from an installed fuel tank
during continuous equipment operation on a sunny day with ambient
temperatures of 35 [deg]C. Sealed fuel systems may have openings for
emission controls or for fuel lines needed to route fuel to the engine.
    Small SI means relating to engines that are subject to emission
standards in 40 CFR part 90 or 1054.
    Structurally integrated nylon fuel tank means a fuel tank having
all the following characteristics:
    (1) The fuel tank is made of a polyamide material that does not
contain more than 50 percent by weight of a reinforcing glass fiber or
mineral filler and does not contain more than 10 percent by weight of
impact modified polyamides that use rubberized agents such as EPDM
rubber.
    (2) The fuel tank must be used in a cut-off saw or chainsaw or be
integrated into a major structural member where, as a single component,
the fuel tank material is a primary structural/stress member for other
major components such as the engine, transmission, or cutting
attachment.
    Subchapter U means 40 CFR parts 1000 through 1299.
    Suspend has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1068.30. If we suspend a
certificate, you may not introduce into U.S. commerce equipment from
that emission family unless we reinstate the certificate or approve a
new one. If we suspend an exemption, you may not introduce into U.S.
commerce equipment that was previously covered by the exemption unless
we reinstate the exemption.
    Tare means to use a container or other reference mass to zero a
balance before weighing a sample. Generally, this means placing the
container or reference mass on the balance, allowing it to stabilize,
then zeroing the balance without removing the container or reference
mass. This allows you to use the balance to determine the difference in
mass between the sample and the container or reference mass.
    Test sample means the collection of fuel lines, fuel tanks, or fuel
systems selected from the population of an emission family for emission
testing. This may include certification testing or any kind of
confirmatory testing.
    Test unit means a piece of fuel line, a fuel tank, or a fuel system
in a test sample.
    Ultimate purchaser means, with respect to any new nonroad
equipment, the first person who in good faith purchases such new
nonroad equipment for purposes other than resale.
    Ultraviolet light means electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength
between 300 and 400 nanometers.
    United States has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1068.30.
    U.S.-directed production volume means the amount of equipment,
subject to the requirements of this part, produced by a manufacturer
for which the manufacturer has a reasonable assurance that sale was or
will be made to ultimate purchasers in the United States.
    Useful life means the period during which new nonroad equipment is
required to comply with all applicable emission standards. See Sec.
1060.101.
    Void has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1068.30. In general this means
to invalidate a certificate or an exemption both retroactively and
prospectively.
    Volatile liquid fuel means any fuel other than diesel or biodiesel
that is a liquid at atmospheric pressure and has a Reid Vapor Pressure
higher than 2.0 pounds per square inch.
    We (us, our) means the Administrator of the Environmental
Protection Agency and any authorized representatives.
    Wintertime equipment means equipment using a wintertime engine, as
defined in 40 CFR 1054.801. Note this definition applies only for Small
SI equipment.

Sec.  1060.805  What symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations does this
part use?

    The following symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations apply to this
part:

[deg] degree.
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials.
C Celsius.
CFR Code of Federal Regulations.
EPA Environmental Protection Agency.
FEL family emission limit.
g gram.
gal gallon.
hr hour.
in inch.
kPa kilopascal.
kW kilowatt.
L liter.
m meter.
min minute.
mm millimeter.
psig pounds per square inch of gauge pressure.
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers.
SHED Sealed Housing for Evaporative Determination.
U.S. United States.
U.S.C. United States Code.
W watt.

Sec.  1060.810  What materials does this part reference?

    Documents listed in this section have been incorporated by
reference into this part. The Director of the Federal Register approved
the incorporation by reference as prescribed in 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1
CFR part 51. Anyone may inspect copies at the U.S. EPA, Air and
Radiation Docket and Information Center, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW.,
Room B102, EPA West Building, Washington, DC 20460 or at the National
Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the
availability of this material at NARA, call<PHONE_NUMBER>, or go to:
http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_
regulations/ibr_locations.html.
    (a) ASTM material. Table 1 to this section lists material from the
American Society for Testing and Materials that we have incorporated by
reference. The first column lists the number and name of the material.
The second column lists the sections of this part where we reference
it. Anyone may purchase copies of these materials from the American
Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., P.O. Box C700,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428 or http://www.astm.com. Table 1 follows:

               Table 1 to Sec.   1060.810--ASTM Materials
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Part 1060
                Document number and name                     reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASTM D471-06, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property--        1060.515
 Effect of Liquids (``ASTM D471'')......................
ASTM D2862-97 (Reapproved 2004), Standard Test Method           1060.240
 for Particle Size Distribution of Granular Activated
 Carbon (``ASTM D2862'')................................
ASTM D3802-79 (Reapproved 2005), Standard Test Method           1060.240
 for Ball-Pan Hardness of Activated Carbon (``ASTM
 D3802'')...............................................
ASTM D4806-07, Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel        1060.501
 Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as
 Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel (``ASTM D4806'').
ASTM D5228-92 (Reapproved 2005), Standard Test Method           1060.801
 for Determination of Butane Working Capacity of
 Activated Carbon (``ASTM D5228'')......................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) SAE material. Table 2 to this section lists material from the
Society of Automotive Engineers that we have incorporated by reference.
The first column lists the number and name of the material. The second
column lists the sections of this part where we reference it. Anyone
may purchase copies of these materials from the Society of Automotive
Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096 or http://
www.sae.org. Table 2 follows:

                Table 2 to Sec.   1060.810--SAE Materials
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Part 1060
                Document number and name                     reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SAE J30, Fuel and Oil Hoses, June 1998..................        1060.515
SAE J1527, Marine Fuel Hoses, January 1993 (Issued 1985-        1060.515
 12, Revised 1993-02)...................................
SAE J2260, Nonmetallic Fuel System Tubing with One or           1060.510
 More Layers, November 2004.............................
SAE J2659, Test Method to Measure Fluid Permeation of           1060.801
 Polymeric Materials by Speciation, December 2003.......
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) California Air Resources Board material. Table 3 to this
section lists material from the California Air Resources Board that we
have incorporated by reference. The first column lists the number and
name of the material. The second column lists the sections of this part
where we reference it. Anyone may obtain copies of these materials from
California Air Resources Board, Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 9528 Telstar
Avenue, El Monte, CA 91731-2990 or http://www.arb.ca.gov. Table 3
follows:

  Table 3 to Sec.   1060.810--California Air Resources Board Materials
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Part 1060
                Document number and name                     reference
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Final Regulation Order, Article 1, Chapter 15, Division        1060.105,
 3, Title 13, California Code of Regulations, July 26,          1060.240
 2004...................................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec.  1060.815  What provisions apply to confidential information?

    (a) Clearly show what you consider confidential by marking,
circling, bracketing, stamping, or some other method.
    (b) We will store your confidential information as described in 40
CFR part 2. Also, we will disclose it only as specified in 40 CFR part
2. This applies both to any information you send us and to any
information we collect from inspections, audits, or other site visits.
    (c) If you send us a second copy without the confidential
information, we will assume it contains nothing confidential whenever
we need to release information from it.
    (d) If you send us information without claiming it is confidential,
we may make it available to the public without further notice to you,
as described in 40 CFR 2.204.

Sec.  1060.820  How do I request a hearing?

    (a) You may request a hearing under certain circumstances as
described elsewhere in this part. To do this, you must file a written
request, including a description of your objection and any supporting
data, within 30 days after we make a decision.
    (b) For a hearing you request under the provisions of this part, we
will approve your request if we find that your request raises a
substantial factual issue.
    (c) If we agree to hold a hearing, we will use the procedures
specified in 40 CFR part 1068, subpart G.

Sec.  1060.825  What reporting and recordkeeping requirements apply
under this part?

    Under the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq), the
Office of Management and Budget approves the reporting and
recordkeeping specified in the applicable regulations. The following
items illustrate the kind of reporting and recordkeeping we require for
products regulated under this part:
    (a) We specify the following requirements related to equipment
certification in this part 1060:
    (1) In 40 CFR 1060.20 we give an overview of principles for
reporting information.
    (2) In 40 CFR part 1060, subpart C, we identify a wide range of
information required to certify engines.
    (3) In 40 CFR 1060.301 we require manufacturers to make engines or
equipment available for our testing if we make such a request.
    (4) In 40 CFR 1060.505 we specify information needs for
establishing various changes to published test procedures.
    (b) We specify the following requirements related to the general

compliance provisions in 40 CFR part 1068:
    (1) In 40 CFR 1068.5 we establish a process for evaluating good
engineering judgment related to testing and certification.
    (2) In 40 CFR 1068.25 we describe general provisions related to
sending and keeping information.
    (3) In 40 CFR 1068.27 we require manufacturers to make equipment
available for our testing or inspection if we make such a request.
    (4) In 40 CFR 1068.105 we require equipment manufacturers to keep
certain records related to duplicate labels from engine manufacturers.
    (5) [Reserved]
    (6) In 40 CFR part 1068, subpart C, we identify several reporting
and recordkeeping items for making demonstrations and getting approval
related to various exemptions.
    (7) In 40 CFR part 1068, subpart D, we identify several reporting
and recordkeeping items for making demonstrations and getting approval
related to importing equipment.
    (8) In 40 CFR 1068.450 and 1068.455 we specify certain records
related to testing production-line products in a selective enforcement
audit.
    (9) In 40 CFR 1068.501 we specify certain records related to
investigating and reporting emission-related defects.
    (10) In 40 CFR 1068.525 and 1068.530 we specify certain records
related to recalling nonconforming equipment.

PART 1065--ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES

0
209. The authority citation for part 1065 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.

Subpart A--[Amended]

0
210. Section 1065.1 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(5) and (a)(8)
to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.1  Applicability.

    (a) * * *
    (5) Marine spark-ignition engines we regulate under 40 CFR part
1045. For earlier model years, manufacturers may use the test
procedures in this part or those specified in 40 CFR part 91 according
to Sec.  1065.10.
* * * * *
    (8) Small nonroad spark-ignition engines we regulate under 40 CFR
part 1054 and stationary engines that are certified to the standards in
40 CFR part 1054 as specified in 40 CFR part 60, subpart JJJJ. For
earlier model years, manufacturers may use the test procedures in this
part or those specified in 40 CFR part 90 according to Sec.  1065.10.
* * * * *

Subpart B--[Amended]

0
211. Section 1065.125 is amended by revising paragraphs (b) and (c) to
read as follows:

Sec.  1065.125  Engine intake air.

* * * * *
    (b) Measure temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure near
the entrance of the furthest upstream engine or in-use intake system
component. This would generally be near the engine's air filter, or
near the inlet to the in-use air intake system for engines that have no
air filter. For engines with multiple intakes, make measurements near
the entrance of each intake.
    (1) Pressure. You may use a single shared atmospheric pressure
meter as long as your laboratory equipment for handling intake air
maintains ambient pressure at all intakes within 1 kPa of
the shared atmospheric pressure. For engines with multiple intakes with
separate atmospheric pressure measurements at each intake, use an
average value for verifying compliance to Sec.  1065.520(b)(2).
    (2) Humidity. You may use a single shared humidity measurement for
intake air as long as your equipment for handling intake air maintains
dewpoint at all intakes to within 0.5 [deg]C of the shared
humidity measurement. For engines with multiple intakes with separate
humidity measurements at each intake, use a flow-weighted average
humidity for NOX corrections. If individual flows of each
intake are not measured, use good engineering judgment to estimate a
flow-weighted average humidity.
    (3) Temperature. Good engineering judgment may require that you
shield the temperature sensors or move them upstream of an elbow in the
laboratory intake system to prevent measurement errors due to radiant
heating from hot engine surfaces or in-use intake system components.
You must limit the distance between the temperature sensor and the
entrance to the furthest upstream engine or in-use intake system
component to no more than 12 times the outer hydraulic diameter of the
entrance to the furthest upstream engine or in-use intake system
component. However, you may exceed this limit if you use good
engineering judgment to show that the temperature at the furthest
upstream engine or in-use intake system component meets the
specification in paragraph (c) of this section. For engines with
multiple intakes, use a flow-weighted average value to verify
compliance with the specification in paragraph (c) of this section. If
individual flows of each intake are not measured, you may use good
engineering judgment to estimate a flow-weighted average temperature.
You may also verify that each individual intake complies with the
specification in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (c) Unless stated otherwise in the standard-setting part, maintain
the temperature of intake air to (25  5) [deg]C.
* * * * *

0
212. Section 1065.170 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(2), (c)(1),
and Figure 1 to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.170  Batch sampling for gaseous and PM constituents.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (2) You must follow the requirements in Sec.  1065.140(e)(2)
related to PM dilution ratios. For each filter, if you expect the net
PM mass on the filter to exceed 400 [mu]g, assuming a 38 mm diameter
filter stain area, you may take the following actions in sequence:
    (i) For discrete-mode testing only, you may reduce sample time as
needed to target a filter loading of 400 [mu]g, but not below the
minimum sample time specified in the standard-setting part.
    (ii) Reduce filter face velocity as needed to target a filter
loading of 400 [mu]g, down to 50 cm/s or less.
    (iii) Increase overall dilution ratio above the values specified in
Sec.  1065.140(e)(2) to target a filter loading of 400 [mu]g.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) If you use filter-based sampling media to extract and store PM
for measurement, your procedure must meet the following specifications:
    (i) If you expect that a filter's total surface concentration of PM
will exceed 400 [mu]g, assuming a 38 mm diameter filter stain area, for
a given test interval, you may use filter media with a minimum initial
collection efficiency of 98%; otherwise you must use a filter media
with a minimum initial collection efficiency of 99.7%. Collection
efficiency must be measured as described in ASTM D2986-95a
(incorporated by reference in Sec.  1065.1010), though you may rely on
the sample-media manufacturer's measurements reflected in their product
ratings to show that you meet this requirement.
    (ii) The filter must be circular, with an overall diameter of 46.50
0.6 mm and an exposed diameter of at least 38 mm. See the
cassette specifications in paragraph (c)(1)(vii) of this section.

    (iii) We highly recommend that you use a pure PTFE filter material
that does not have any flow-through support bonded to the back and has
an overall thickness of 40 20 [mu]m. An inert polymer ring
may be bonded to the periphery of the filter material for support and
for sealing between the filter cassette parts. We consider
Polymethylpentene (PMP) and PTFE inert materials for a support ring,
but other inert materials may be used. See the cassette specifications
in paragraph (c)(1)(vii) of this section. We allow the use of PTFE-
coated glass fiber filter material, as long as this filter media
selection does not affect your ability to demonstrate compliance with
the applicable standards, which we base on a pure PTFE filter material.
Note that we will use pure PTFE filter material for compliance testing,
and we may require you to use pure PTFE filter material for any
compliance testing we require, such as for selective enforcement
audits.
    (iv) You may request to use other filter materials or sizes under
the provisions of Sec.  1065.10.
    (v) To minimize turbulent deposition and to deposit PM evenly on a
filter, use a filter holder with a 12.5[deg] (from center) divergent
cone angle to transition from the transfer-line inside diameter to the
exposed diameter of the filter face. Use 300 series stainless steel for
this transition.
    (vi) Maintain a filter face velocity near 100 cm/s with less than
5% of the recorded flow values exceeding 100 cm/s, unless you expect
either the net PM mass on the filter to exceed 400 [mu]g, assuming a 38
mm diameter filter stain area. Measure face velocity as the volumetric
flow rate of the sample at the pressure upstream of the filter and
temperature of the filter face as measured in Sec.  1065.140(e),
divided by the filter's exposed area. You may use the exhaust stack or
CVS tunnel pressure for the upstream pressure if the pressure drop
through the PM sampler up to the filter is less than 2 kPa.
    (vii) Use a clean cassette designed to the specifications of Figure
1 of Sec.  1065.170. In auto changer configurations, you may use
cassettes of similar design. Cassettes must be made of one of the
following materials: Delrin\TM\, 300 series stainless steel,
polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, or
conductive polypropylene. We recommend that you keep filter cassettes
clean by periodically washing or wiping them with a compatible solvent
applied using a lint-free cloth. Depending upon your cassette material,
ethanol (C2H5OH) might be an acceptable solvent.
Your cleaning frequency will depend on your engine's PM and HC
emissions.
    (viii) If you keep the cassette in the filter holder after
sampling, prevent flow through the filter until either the holder or
cassette is removed from the PM sampler. If you remove the cassettes
from filter holders after sampling, transfer the cassette to an
individual container that is covered or sealed to prevent communication
of semi-volatile matter from one filter to another. If you remove the
filter holder, cap the inlet and outlet. Keep them covered or sealed
until they return to the stabilization or weighing environments.
    (ix) The filters should not be handled outside of the PM
stabilization and weighing environments and should be loaded into
cassettes, filter holders, or auto changer apparatus before removal
from these environments.
* * * * *
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[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08OC08.079

0
213. Section 1065.190 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(2) to read
as follows:

Sec.  1065.190  PM-stabilization and weighing environments for
gravimetric analysis.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (2) Dewpoint. Maintain a dewpoint of 9.5 [deg]C in both
environments. This dewpoint will control the amount of water associated
with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) PM, such that 1.2216
grams of water will be associated with each gram of
H2SO4.
* * * * *

Subpart C--[Amended]

0
214. Section 1065.205 is amended by revising Table 1 to read as
follows:

Sec.  1065.205  Performance specifications for measurement instruments.

* * * * *
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08OC08.080

BILLING CODE 6560-50-C

0
215. Section 1065.272 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as
follows:

Sec.  1065.272  Nondispersive ultraviolet analyzer.

    (a) Application. You may use a nondispersive ultraviolet (NDUV)
analyzer to measure NOX concentration in raw or diluted
exhaust for batch or continuous sampling. We generally accept an NDUV
for NOX measurement, even though it measures only NO and
NO2, since conventional engines and aftertreatment systems
do not emit significant amounts of other NOX species.
Measure other NOX species if required by the standard-
setting part. Note that good engineering judgment may preclude you from
using an NDUV analyzer if sampled exhaust from test engines contains
oil (or other contaminants) in sufficiently high concentrations to
interfere with proper operation.
* * * * *

Subpart D--[Amended]

0
216. Section 1065.303 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.303  Summary of required calibration and verifications

    The following table summarizes the required and recommended
calibrations and verifications described in this subpart and indicates
when these have to be performed:

     Table 1 of Sec.   1065.303--Summary of Required Calibration and
                              Verifications
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Type of calibration or verification         Minimum frequency \a\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.   1065.305: Accuracy,               Accuracy: Not required, but
 repeatability and noise.                 recommended for initial
                                          installation.
                                         Repeatability: Not required,
                                          but recommended for initial
                                          installation.
                                         Noise: Not required, but
                                          recommended for initial
                                          installation.
                                         Speed: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 370 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance.
                                         Torque: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 370 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance.
                                         Electrical power: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 370 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance.
                                         Clean gas and diluted exhaust
                                          flows: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 370 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance, unless flow is
                                          verified by propane check or
                                          by carbon or oxygen balance.
Sec.   1065.307: Linearity.............  Raw exhaust flow: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 185 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance, unless flow is
                                          verified by propane check or
                                          by carbon or oxygen balance.
                                         Gas analyzers: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 35 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance.
                                         PM balance: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 370 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance.
                                         Stand-alone pressure and
                                          temperature: Upon initial
                                          installation, within 370 days
                                          before testing and after major
                                          maintenance.
Sec.   1065.308: Continuous gas          Upon initial installation or
 analyzer system response and updating-   after system modification that
 recording verification--for gas          would affect response.
 analyzers not continuously compensated
 for other gas species.
Sec.   1065.309: Continuous gas          Upon initial installation or
 analyzer system-response and updating-   after system modification that
 recording verification--for gas          would affect response.
 analyzers continuously compensated for
 other gas species.
Sec.   1065.310: Torque................  Upon initial installation and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.315: Pressure, temperature,  Upon initial installation and
 dewpoint.                                after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.320: Fuel flow.............  Upon initial installation and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.325: Intake flow...........  Upon initial installation and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.330: Exhaust flow..........  Upon initial installation and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.340: Diluted exhaust flow    Upon initial installation and
 (CVS).                                   after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.341: CVS and batch sampler   Upon initial installation,
 verification \b\.                        within 35 days before testing,
                                          and after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.345: Vacuum leak...........  Before each laboratory test
                                          according to subpart F of this
                                          part and before each field
                                          test according to subpart J of
                                          this part.
Sec.   1065.350: CO2 NDIR H2O            Upon initial installation and
 interference.                            after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.355: CO NDIR CO2 and H2O     Upon initial installation and
 interference.                            after major maintenance.
                                         Calibrate all FID analyzers:
                                          upon initial installation and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.360: FID calibration THC     Optimize and determine CH4
 FID optimization, and THC FID            response for THC FID
 verification..                           analyzers: upon initial
                                          installation and after major
                                          maintenance.
                                         Verify CH4 response for THC FID
                                          analyzers: upon initial
                                          installation, within 185 days
                                          before testing, and after
                                          major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.362: Raw exhaust FID O2      For all FID analyzers: upon
 interference.                            initial installation, and
                                          after major maintenance.
                                         For THC FID analyzers: upon
                                          initial installation, after
                                          major maintenance, and after
                                          FID optimization according to
                                          Sec.   1065.360.
Sec.   1065.365: Nonmethane cutter       Upon initial installation,
 penetration.                             within 185 days before
                                          testing, and after major
                                          maintenance.
Sec.   1065.370: CLD CO2 and H2O quench  Upon initial installation and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.372: NDUV HC and H2O         Upon initial installation and
 interference.                            after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.376: Chiller NO2             Upon initial installation and
 penetration.                             after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.378: NO2-to-NO converter     Upon initial installation,
 conversion.                              within 35 days before testing,
                                          and after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.390: PM balance and          Independent verification: upon
 weighing.                                initial installation, within
                                          370 days before testing, and
                                          after major maintenance.
                                         Zero, span, and reference
                                          sample verifications: within
                                          12 hours of weighing, and
                                          after major maintenance.
Sec.   1065.395: Inertial PM balance     Independent verification: upon
 and weighing.                            initial installation, within
                                          370 days before testing, and
                                          after major maintenance.
                                         Other verifications: upon
                                          initial installation and after
                                          major maintenance.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Perform calibrations and verifications more frequently, according to
  measurement system manufacturer instructions and good engineering
  judgment.
\b\ The CVS verification described in Sec.   1065.341 is not required
  for systems that agree within  2% based on a chemical
  balance of carbon or oxygen of the intake air, fuel, and diluted
  exhaust.

0
217. Section 1065.307 is amended by revising paragraphs (e)(2) and
(e)(3) to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.307  Linearity verification.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) The expression ``xmin'' refers to the reference
value used during the linearity verification that is closest to zero.
This is the value used to calculate the first tolerance in Table 1 of
this section using the intercept, a0. Note that this value
may be zero, positive, or negative depending on the reference values.
For example, if the reference values chosen to validate a pressure
transducer vary from -10 to -1 kPa, xmin is -1 kPa. If the
reference values used to validate a temperature device vary from 290 to
390 K, xmin is 290 K.
    (3) The expression ``max'' generally refers to the absolute value
of the reference value used during the linearity verification that is
furthest from zero. This is the value used to scale the first and third
tolerances in Table 1 of this section using a0 and SEE. For
example, if the reference values chosen to validate a pressure
transducer vary from -10 to -1 kPa, then pmax is +10 kPa. If
the reference values used to validate a temperature device vary from
290 to 390 K, then Tmax is 390 K. For gas dividers,
xmax is the undivided, undiluted, span gas concentration.
The following are special cases where ``max'' refers to a different
value:
    (i) For linearity verification with a PM balance, mmax
refers to the typical mass of a PM filter.
    (ii) For linearity verification of torque, Tmax refers
to the manufacturer's specified engine torque peak value of the lowest
torque engine to be tested.
* * * * *

0
218. Section 1065.308 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.308  Continuous gas analyzer system-response and updating-
recording verification--for gas analyzers not continuously compensated
for other gas species.

    (a) Scope and frequency. This section describes a verification
procedure for system response and updating-recording frequency for
continuous gas analyzers that output a gas species mole fraction (i.e.,
concentration) using a single gas detector, i.e., gas analyzers not
continuously compensated for other gas species measured with multiple
gas detectors. See Sec.  1065.309 for verification procedures that
apply to continuous gas analyzers that are continuously compensated for
other gas species measured with multiple gas detectors. Perform this
verification to determine the system response of the continuous gas
analyzer and its sampling system. This verification is required for
continuous gas analyzers used for transient or ramped-modal testing.
You need not perform this verification for batch gas analyzer systems
or for continuous gas analyzer systems that are used only for discrete-
mode testing. Perform this verification after initial installation
(i.e., test cell commissioning) and after any modifications to the
system that would change system response. For example, perform this
verification if you add a significant volume to the transfer lines by
increasing their length or adding a filter; or if you reduce the
frequency at which the gas analyzer updates its output or the frequency
at which you sample and record gas-analyzer concentrations.
    (b) Measurement principles. This test verifies that the updating
and recording frequencies match the overall system response to a rapid
change in the value of concentrations at the sample probe. Gas
analyzers and their sampling systems must be optimized such that their
overall response to a rapid change in concentration is updated and
recorded at an appropriate frequency to prevent loss of information.
This test also verifies that the measurement system meets a minimum
response time. You may use the results of this test to determine
transformation time, t50, for the purposes of time alignment
of continuous data in accordance with Sec.  1065.650(c)(2)(i). You may
also use an alternate procedure to determine t50 in
accordance with good engineering judgment. Note that any such procedure
for determining t50 must account for both transport delay
and analyzer response time.
    (c) System requirements. Demonstrate that each continuous analyzer
has adequate update and recording frequencies and has a minimum rise
time and a minimum fall time during a rapid change in gas
concentration. You must meet one of the following criteria:
    (1) The product of the mean rise time, t10-90, and the
frequency at which the system records an updated concentration must be
at least 5, and the product of the mean fall time, t90-10,
and the frequency at which the system records an updated concentration
must be at least 5. If the recording frequency is different than the
analyzer's output update frequency, you must use the lower of these two
frequencies for this verification, which is referred to as the
updating-recording frequency. This verification applies to the nominal
updating and recording frequencies. This criterion makes no assumption
regarding the frequency content of changes in emission concentrations
during emission testing; therefore, it is valid for any testing. Also,
the mean rise time must be at or below 10 seconds and the mean fall
time must be at or below 10 seconds.
    (2) The frequency at which the system records an updated
concentration must be at least 5 Hz. This criterion assumes that the
frequency content of significant changes in emission concentrations
during emission testing do not exceed 1 Hz. Also, the mean rise time
must be at or below 10 seconds and the mean fall time must be at or
below 10 seconds.
    (3) You may use other criteria if we approve the criteria in
advance.
    (4) You may meet the overall PEMS verification in Sec.  1065.920
instead of the verification in this section for field testing with
PEMS.
    (d) Procedure. Use the following procedure to verify the response
of each continuous gas analyzer:
    (1) Instrument setup. Follow the analyzer manufacturer's start-up
and operating instructions. Adjust the measurement system as needed to
optimize performance. Run this verification with the analyzer operating
in the same manner you will use for emission testing. If the analyzer
shares its sampling system with other analyzers, and if gas flow to the
other analyzers will affect the system response time, then start up and
operate the other analyzers while running this verification test. You
may run this verification test on multiple analyzers sharing the same
sampling system at the same time. If you use any analog or real-time
digital filters during emission testing, you must operate those filters
in the same manner during this verification.
    (2) Equipment setup. We recommend using minimal lengths of gas
transfer lines between all connections and fast-acting three-way valves
(2 inlets, 1 outlet) to control the flow of zero and blended span gases
to the sample system's probe inlet or a tee near the outlet of the
probe. Normally the gas flow rate is higher than the probe sample flow
rate and the excess is overflowed out the inlet of the probe. If the
gas flow rate is lower than the probe flow rate, the gas concentrations
must be adjusted to account for the dilution from ambient air drawn
into the probe. Select span gases for the species being measured. You
may use binary or multi-gas span gases. You may use a gas blending or
mixing device to blend span gases. A gas blending or mixing device is
recommended when blending span gases diluted in N2 with span
gases diluted in air. You may use a multi-gas

span gas, such as NO-CO-CO2-C3H8-
CH4, to verify multiple analyzers at the same time. If you
use standard binary span gases, you must run separate response tests
for each analyzer. In designing your experimental setup, avoid pressure
pulsations due to stopping the flow through the gas-blending device.
    (3) Data collection. (i) Start the flow of zero gas.
    (ii) Allow for stabilization, accounting for transport delays and
the slowest analyzer's full response.
    (iii) Start recording data. For this verification you must record
data at a frequency greater than or equal to that of the updating-
recording frequency used during emission testing. You may not use
interpolation or filtering to alter the recorded values.
    (iv) Switch the flow to allow the blended span gases to flow to the
analyzer. If you intend to use the data from this test to determine
t50 for time alignment, record this time as t0.
    (v) Allow for transport delays and the slowest analyzer's full
response.
    (vi) Switch the flow to allow zero gas to flow to the analyzer. If
you intend to use the data from this test to determine t50
for time alignment, record this time as t100.
    (vii) Allow for transport delays and the slowest analyzer's full
response.
    (viii) Repeat the steps in paragraphs (d)(3)(iv) through (vii) of
this section to record seven full cycles, ending with zero gas flowing
to the analyzers.
    (ix) Stop recording.
    (e) Performance evaluation. (1) If you choose to demonstrate
compliance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, use the data from
paragraph (d)(3) of this section to calculate the mean rise time,
t10-90, and mean fall time, t90-10, for each of
the analyzers being verified. You may use interpolation between
recorded values to determine rise and fall times. If the recording
frequency used during emission testing is different from the analyzer's
output update frequency, you must use the lower of these two
frequencies for this verification. Multiply these times (in seconds) by
their respective updating-recording frequencies in Hertz (1/second).
The resulting product must be at least 5 for both rise time and fall
time. If either value is less than 5, increase the updating-recording
frequency, or adjust the flows or design of the sampling system to
increase the rise time and fall time as needed. You may also configure
analog or digital filters before recording to increase rise and fall
times. In no case may the mean rise time or mean fall time be greater
than 10 seconds.
    (2) If a measurement system fails the criterion in paragraph (e)(1)
of this section, ensure that signals from the system are updated and
recorded at a frequency of at least 5 Hz. In no case may the mean rise
time or mean fall time be greater than 10 seconds.
    (3) If a measurement system fails the criteria in paragraphs (e)(1)
and (2) of this section, you may use the measurement system only if the
deficiency does not adversely affect your ability to show compliance
with the applicable standards.
    (f) Transformation time, t50, determination. If you
choose to determine t50 for purposes of time alignment using
data generated in paragraph (d)(3) of this section, calculate the mean
t0-50 and the mean t100-50 from the recorded
data. Average these two values to determine the final t50
for the purposes of time alignment in accordance with Sec.
1065.650(c)(2)(i).

0
219. Section 1065.309 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.309  Continuous gas analyzer system-response and updating-
recording verification--for gas analyzers continuously compensated for
other gas species.

    (a) Scope and frequency. This section describes a verification
procedure for system response and updating-recording frequency for
continuous gas analyzers that output a single gas species mole fraction
(i.e., concentration) based on a continuous combination of multiple gas
species measured with multiple detectors (i.e., gas analyzers
continuously compensated for other gas species). See Sec.  1065.308 for
verification procedures that apply to continuous gas analyzers that are
not continuously compensated for other gas species or that use only one
detector for gaseous species. Perform this verification to determine
the system response of the continuous gas analyzer and its sampling
system. This verification is required for continuous gas analyzers used
for transient or ramped-modal testing. You need not perform this
verification for batch gas analyzers or for continuous gas analyzers
that are used only for discrete-mode testing. For this check we
consider water vapor a gaseous constituent. This verification does not
apply to any processing of individual analyzer signals that are time
aligned to their t50 times and were verified according to
Sec.  1065.308. For example, this verification does not apply to
correction for water removed from the sample done in post-processing
according to Sec.  1065.659 and it does not apply to NMHC determination
from THC and CH4 according to Sec.  1065.660. Perform this
verification after initial installation (i.e., test cell commissioning)
and after any modifications to the system that would change the system
response.
    (b) Measurement principles. This procedure verifies that the
updating and recording frequencies match the overall system response to
a rapid change in the value of concentrations at the sample probe. It
indirectly verifies the time-alignment and uniform response of all the
continuous gas detectors used to generate a continuously combined/
compensated concentration measurement signal. Gas analyzer systems must
be optimized such that their overall response to rapid change in
concentration is updated and recorded at an appropriate frequency to
prevent loss of information. This test also verifies that the
measurement system meets a minimum response time. For this procedure,
ensure that all compensation algorithms and humidity corrections are
turned on. You may use the results of this test to determine
transformation time, t50, for the purposes of time alignment
of continuous data in accordance with Sec.  1065.650(c)(2)(i). You may
also use an alternate procedure to determine t50 consistent
with good engineering judgment. Note that any such procedure for
determining t50 must account for both transport delay and
analyzer response time.
    (c) System requirements. Demonstrate that each continuously
combined/compensated concentration measurement has adequate updating
and recording frequencies and has a minimum rise time and a minimum
fall time during a system response to a rapid change in multiple gas
concentrations, including H2O concentration if
H2O compensation is applied. You must meet one of the
following criteria:
    (1) The product of the mean rise time, t10-90, and the
frequency at which the system records an updated concentration must be
at least 5, and the product of the mean fall time, t90-10,
and the frequency at which the system records an updated concentration
must be at least 5. If the recording frequency is different than the
update frequency of the continuously combined/compensated signal, you
must use the lower of these two frequencies for this verification. This
criterion makes no assumption regarding the frequency content of
changes in emission concentrations during emission testing; therefore,
it is valid for any testing. Also, the mean rise time must be at or
below 10 seconds and the mean fall time must be at or below 10 seconds.
    (2) The frequency at which the system records an updated
concentration must be at least 5 Hz. This criterion assumes that the
frequency content of significant

changes in emission concentrations during emission testing do not
exceed 1 Hz. Also, the mean rise time must be at or below 10 seconds
and the mean fall time must be at or below 10 seconds.
    (3) You may use other criteria if we approve them in advance.
    (4) You may meet the overall PEMS verification in Sec.  1065.920
instead of the verification in this section for field testing with
PEMS.
    (d) Procedure. Use the following procedure to verify the response
of each continuously compensated analyzer (verify the combined signal,
not each individual continuously combined concentration signal):
    (1) Instrument setup. Follow the analyzer manufacturer's start-up
and operating instructions. Adjust the measurement system as needed to
optimize performance. Run this verification with the analyzer operating
in the same manner you will use for emission testing. If the analyzer
shares its sampling system with other analyzers, and if gas flow to the
other analyzers will affect the system response time, then start up and
operate the other analyzers while running this verification test. You
may run this verification test on multiple analyzers sharing the same
sampling system at the same time. If you use any analog or real-time
digital filters during emission testing, you must operate those filters
in the same manner during this verification.
    (2) Equipment setup. We recommend using minimal lengths of gas
transfer lines between all connections and fast-acting three-way valves
(2 inlets, 1 outlet) to control the flow of zero and blended span gases
to the sample system's probe inlet or a tee near the outlet of the
probe. Normally the gas flow rate is higher than the probe sample flow
rate and the excess is overflowed out the inlet of the probe. If the
gas flow rate is lower than the probe flow rate, the gas concentrations
must be adjusted to account for the dilution from ambient air drawn
into the probe. Select span gases for the species being continuously
combined, other than H2O. Select concentrations of
compensating species that will yield concentrations of these species at
the analyzer inlet that covers the range of concentrations expected
during testing. You may use binary or multi-gas span gases. You may use
a gas blending or mixing device to blend span gases. A gas blending or
mixing device is recommended when blending span gases diluted in
N2 with span gases diluted in air. You may use a multi-gas
span gas, such as NO-CO-CO2-C3H8-
CH4, to verify multiple analyzers at the same time. In
designing your experimental setup, avoid pressure pulsations due to
stopping the flow through the gas blending device. If H2O
correction is applicable, then span gases must be humidified before
entering the analyzer; however, you may not humidify NO2
span gas by passing it through a sealed humidification vessel that
contains water. You must humidify NO2 span gas with another
moist gas stream. We recommend humidifying your NO-CO-CO2-
C3H8-CH4, balance N2
blended gas by flowing the gas mixture through a sealed vessel that
humidifies the gas by bubbling it through distilled water and then
mixing the gas with dry NO2 gas, balance purified synthetic
air. If your system does not use a sample dryer to remove water from
the sample gas, you must humidify your span gas to the highest sample
H2O content that you estimate during emission sampling. If
your system uses a sample dryer during testing, it must pass the sample
dryer verification check in Sec.  1065.342, and you must humidify your
span gas to an H2O content greater than or equal to the
level determined in Sec.  1065.145(d)(2). If you are humidifying span
gases without NO2, use good engineering judgment to ensure
that the wall temperatures in the transfer lines, fittings, and valves
from the humidifying system to the probe are above the dewpoint
required for the target H2O content. If you are humidifying
span gases with NO2, use good engineering judgment to ensure
that there is no condensation in the transfer lines, fittings, or
valves from the point where humidified gas is mixed with NO2
span gas to the probe. We recommend that you design your setup so that
the wall temperatures in the transfer lines, fittings, and valves from
the humidifying system to the probe are at least 5 [deg]C above the
local sample gas dewpoint. Operate the measurement and sample handling
system as you do for emission testing. Make no modifications to the
sample handling system to reduce the risk of condensation. Flow
humidified gas through the sampling system before this check to allow
stabilization of the measurement system's sampling handling system to
occur, as it would for an emission test.
    (3) Data collection. (i) Start the flow of zero gas.
    (ii) Allow for stabilization, accounting for transport delays and
the slowest analyzer's full response.
    (iii) Start recording data. For this verification you must record
data at a frequency greater than or equal to that of the updating-
recording frequency used during emission testing. You may not use
interpolation or filtering to alter the recorded values.
    (iv) Switch the flow to allow the blended span gases to flow to the
analyzer. If you intend to use the data from this test to determine
t50 for time alignment, record this time as t0.
    (v) Allow for transport delays and the slowest analyzer's full
response.
    (vi) Switch the flow to allow zero gas to flow to the analyzer. If
you intend to use the data from this test to determine t50
for time alignment, record this time as t100.
    (vii) Allow for transport delays and the slowest analyzer's full
response.
    (viii) Repeat the steps in paragraphs (d)(3)(iv) through (vii) of
this section to record seven full cycles, ending with zero gas flowing
to the analyzers.
    (ix) Stop recording.
    (e) Performance evaluations. (1) If you choose to demonstrate
compliance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, use the data from
paragraph (d)(3) of this section to calculate the mean rise time,
t10-90, and mean fall time, t90-10, for the
continuously combined signal from each analyzer being verified. You may
use interpolation between recorded values to determine rise and fall
times. If the recording frequency used during emission testing is
different from the analyzer's output update frequency, you must use the
lower of these two frequencies for this verification. Multiply these
times (in seconds) by their respective updating-recording frequencies
in Hz (1/second). The resulting product must be at least 5 for both
rise time and fall time. If either value is less than 5, increase the
updating-recording frequency or adjust the flows or design of the
sampling system to increase the rise time and fall time as needed. You
may also configure analog or digital filters before recording to
increase rise and fall times. In no case may the mean rise time or mean
fall time be greater than 10 seconds.
    (2) If a measurement system fails the criterion in paragraph (e)(1)
of this section, ensure that signals from the system are updated and
recorded at a frequency of at least 5 Hz. In no case may the mean rise
time or mean fall time be greater than 10 seconds.
    (3) If a measurement system fails the criteria in paragraphs (e)(1)
and (2) of this section, you may use the measurement system only if the
deficiency does not adversely affect your ability to show compliance
with the applicable standards.
    (f) Transformation time, t50, determination. If you
choose to determine t50 for purposes of time alignment using
data generated in paragraph (d)(3) of this section,

calculate the mean t0-50 and the mean t100-50
from the recorded data. Average these two values to determine the final
t50 for the purposes of time alignment in accordance with
Sec.  1065.650(c)(2)(i).

0
220. Section 1065.341 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(4) to read
as follows:

Sec.  1065.341  CVS and batch sampler verification (propane check).

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (4) Overflow zero air at the HC probe inlet or into a tee near the
outlet of the probe.
* * * * *

0
221. Section 1065.342 is amended by revising paragraphs (d) and (e) to
read as follows:

Sec.  1065.342  Sample dryer verification.

* * * * *
    (d) Sample dryer verification procedure. Use the following method
to determine sample dryer performance. Run this verification with the
dryer and associated sampling system operating in the same manner you
will use for emission testing (including operation of sample pumps).
You may run this verification test on multiple sample dryers sharing
the same sampling system at the same time. You may run this
verification on the sample dryer alone, but you must use the maximum
gas flow rate expected during testing. You may use good engineering
judgment to develop a different protocol.
    (1) Use PTFE or stainless steel tubing to make necessary
connections.
    (2) Humidify room air, N2, or purified air by bubbling
it through distilled water in a sealed vessel that humidifies the gas
to the highest sample water content that you estimate during emission
sampling.
    (3) Introduce the humidified gas upstream of the sample dryer. You
may disconnect the transfer line from the probe and introduce the
humidified gas at the inlet of the transfer line of the sample system
used during testing. You may use the sample pumps in the sample system
to draw gas through the vessel.
    (4) Maintain the sample lines, fittings, and valves from the
location where the humidified gas water content is measured to the
inlet of the sampling system at a temperature at least 5 [deg]C above
the local humidified gas dewpoint. For dryers used in NOX
sample systems, verify the sample system components used in this
verification prevent aqueous condensation as required in Sec.
1065.145(c)(1)(i). We recommend that the sample system components be
maintained at least 5 [deg]C above the local humidified gas dewpoint to
prevent aqueous condensation.
    (5) Measure the humidified gas dewpoint, Tdew, and
absolute pressure, ptotal, as close as possible to the inlet
of the sample dryer or inlet of the sample system to verify the water
content is at least as high as the highest value that you estimated
during emission sampling. You may verify the water content based on any
humidity parameter (e.g. mole fraction water, local dewpoint, or
absolute humidity).
    (6) Measure the humidified gas dewpoint, Tdew, and
absolute pressure, ptotal, as close as possible to the
outlet of the sample dryer. Note that the dewpoint changes with
absolute pressure. If the dewpoint at the sample dryer outlet is
measured at a different pressure, then this reading must be corrected
to the dewpoint at the sample dryer absolute pressure,
ptotal.
    (7) The sample dryer meets the verification if the dewpoint at the
sample dryer pressure as measured in paragraph (d)(6) of this section
is less than the dewpoint corresponding to the sample dryer
specifications as determined in Sec.  1065.145(d)(2) plus 2 [deg]C or
if the mole fraction of water as measured in (d)(6) is less than the
corresponding sample dryer specifications plus 0.002 mol/mol.
    (e) Alternate sample dryer verification procedure. The following
method may be used in place of the sample dryer verification procedure
in (d) of this section. If you use a humidity sensor for continuous
monitoring of dewpoint at the sample dryer outlet you may skip the
performance check in Sec.  1065.342(d), but you must make sure that the
dryer outlet humidity is at or below the minimum value used for quench,
interference, and compensation checks.

0
222. Section 1065.345 is amended by revising paragraph (d)(3) to read
as follows:

Sec.  1065.345  Vacuum-side leak verification.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (3) Route overflow span gas to the inlet of the sample probe or at
a tee fitting in the transfer line near the exit of the probe. You may
use a valve upstream of the overflow fitting to prevent overflow of
span gas out of the inlet of the probe, but you must then provide an
overflow vent in the overflow supply line.
* * * * *

0
223. Section 1065.350 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(4) and
(d)(5) to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.350  H2O interference verification for
CO2 NDIR analyzers.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (4) Measure the water mole fraction, xH2O, of the
humidified test gas, as close as possible to the inlet of the analyzer.
For example, measure dewpoint, Tdew, and absolute pressure,
ptotal, to calculate xH2O.
    (5) Use good engineering judgment to prevent condensation in the
transfer lines, fittings, or valves from the point where
xH2O is measured to the analyzer. We recommend that you
design your system so the wall temperatures in the transfer lines,
fittings, and valves from the point where xH2O is measured
to the analyzer are at least 5 [deg]C above the local sample gas
dewpoint.
* * * * *

0
224. Section 1065.355 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(4) and
(d)(5) to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.355  H2O and CO2 interference
verification for CO NDIR analyzers.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (4) Measure the water mole fraction, xH2O, of the
humidified CO2 test gas as close as possible to the inlet of
the analyzer. For example, measure dewpoint, Tdew, and
absolute pressure, ptotal, to calculate xH2O.
    (5) Use good engineering judgment to prevent condensation in the
transfer lines, fittings, or valves from the point where
xH2O is measured to the analyzer. We recommend that you
design your system so the wall temperatures in the transfer lines,
fittings, and valves from the point where xH2O is measured
to the analyzer are at least 5 [deg]C above the local sample gas
dewpoint.
* * * * *

0
225. Section 1065.370 is revised to read as follows:

Sec.  1065.370  CLD CO2 and H2O quench
verification.

    (a) Scope and frequency. If you use a CLD analyzer to measure
NOX, verify the amount of H2O and CO2
quench after installing the CLD analyzer and after major maintenance.
    (b) Measurement principles. H2O and CO2 can
negatively interfere with a CLD's NOX response by
collisional quenching, which inhibits the chemiluminescent reaction
that a CLD utilizes to detect NOX. This procedure and the
calculations in Sec.  1065.675 determine quench and scale the quench
results to the maximum mole fraction of

H2O and the maximum CO2 concentration expected
during emission testing. If the CLD analyzer uses quench compensation
algorithms that utilize H2O and/or CO2
measurement instruments, evaluate quench with these instruments active
and evaluate quench with the compensation algorithms applied.
    (c) System requirements. A CLD analyzer must have a combined
H2O and CO2 quench of  3% or less,
though we strongly recommend a quench of  1% or less.
Combined quench is the sum of the CO2 quench determined as
described in paragraph (d) of this section, plus the H2O
quench determined in paragraph (e) of this section.
    (d) CO2 quench verification procedure. Use the following
method to determine CO2 quench by using a gas divider that
blends binary span gases with zero gas as the diluent and meets the
specifications in Sec.  1065.248, or use good engineering judgment to
develop a different protocol:
    (1) Use PTFE or stainless steel tubing to make necessary
connections.
    (2) Configure the gas divider such that nearly equal amounts of the
span and diluent gases are blended with each other.
    (3) If the CLD analyzer has an operating mode in which it detects
NO-only, as opposed to total NOX, operate the CLD analyzer
in the NO-only operating mode.
    (4) Use a CO2 span gas that meets the specifications of
Sec.  1065.750 and a concentration that is approximately twice the
maximum CO2 concentration expected during emission testing.
    (5) Use an NO span gas that meets the specifications of Sec.
1065.750 and a concentration that is approximately twice the maximum NO
concentration expected during emission testing.
    (6) Zero and span the CLD analyzer. Span the CLD analyzer with the
NO span gas from paragraph (d)(5) of this section through the gas
divider. Connect the NO span gas to the span port of the gas divider;
connect a zero gas to the diluent port of the gas divider; use the same
nominal blend ratio selected in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; and
use the gas divider's output concentration of NO to span the CLD
analyzer. Apply gas property corrections as necessary to ensure
accurate gas division.
    (7) Connect the CO2 span gas to the span port of the gas
divider.
    (8) Connect the NO span gas to the diluent port of the gas divider.
    (9) While flowing NO and CO2 through the gas divider,
stabilize the output of the gas divider. Determine the CO2
concentration from the gas divider output, applying gas property
correction as necessary to ensure accurate gas division. Record this
concentration, xCO2act, and use it in the quench
verification calculations in Sec.  1065.675. Alternatively, you may use
a simple gas blending device and use an NDIR to determine this
CO2 concentration. If you use an NDIR, it must meet the
requirements of this part for laboratory testing and you must span it
with the CO2 span gas from paragraph (d)(4) of this section.
    (10) Measure the NO concentration downstream of the gas divider
with the CLD analyzer. Allow time for the analyzer response to
stabilize. Stabilization time may include time to purge the transfer
line and to account for analyzer response. While the analyzer measures
the sample's concentration, record the analyzer's output for 30
seconds. Calculate the arithmetic mean concentration from these data,
xNOmeas. Record xNOmeas, and use it in the quench
verification calculations in Sec.  1065.675.
    (11) Calculate the actual NO concentration at the gas divider's
outlet, xNOact, based on the span gas concentrations and
xCO2act according to Equation 1065.675-2. Use the calculated
value in the quench verification calculations in Equation 1065.675-1.
    (12) Use the values recorded according to this paragraph (d) and
paragraph (e) of this section to calculate quench as described in Sec.
1065.675.
    (e) H2O quench verification procedure. Use the following
method to determine H2O quench, or use good engineering
judgment to develop a different protocol:
    (1) Use PTFE or stainless steel tubing to make necessary
connections.
    (2) If the CLD analyzer has an operating mode in which it detects
NO-only, as opposed to total NOX, operate the CLD analyzer
in the NO-only operating mode.
    (3) Use an NO span gas that meets the specifications of Sec.
1065.750 and a concentration that is near the maximum concentration
expected during emission testing.
    (4) Zero and span the CLD analyzer. Span the CLD analyzer with the
NO span gas from paragraph (e)(3) of this section, record the span gas
concentration as xNOdry, and use it in the quench
verification calculations in Sec.  1065.675.
    (5) Humidify the NO span gas by bubbling it through distilled water
in a sealed vessel. If the humidified NO span gas sample does not pass
through a sample dryer for this verification test, control the vessel
temperature to generate an H2O level approximately equal to
the maximum mole fraction of H2O expected during emission
testing. If the humidified NO span gas sample does not pass through a
sample dryer, the quench verification calculations in Sec.  1065.675
scale the measured H2O quench to the highest mole fraction
of H2O expected during emission testing. If the humidified