(f)  Except as provided in Paragraphs (c) and (e) of this Rule, the rules in this Section apply to facilities subject to Section 182(b)(2) of the Clean Air Act with potential to emit 100 or more tons per year of VOC and to facilities with potential to emit less than 100 tons per year of volatile organic compounds in categories for which the United States Environmental Protection Agency has issued Control Technique Guidelines that are located in the following moderate nonattainment areas for the 1997 8-hour ambient air quality standard for ozone as designated in 40 CFR 81.334 prior to January 2, 2014:
(1)	Cabarrus County;
(2)	Gaston County;
(3)	Lincoln County;
(4)	Mecklenburg County;
(5)	Rowan County;
(6)	Union County; and
(7)	Davidson Township and Coddle Creek Township in Iredell County.
These facilities are subject to reasonably available control technology requirements under this Section and shall comply with the requirements in 15A NCAC 02D .0909 through .0951 and with 15A NCAC 02D .0958.
(g)  If any county or part of a county to which this Section applies is later designated in 40 CFR 81.334 as attainment and becomes a maintenance area for the 1997 8-hour ambient air quality standard for ozone, all sources in that county or part of county subject to Paragraph (f) of this Rule that achieved compliance in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0909 shall continue to comply with this Section. Facilities with potential to emit less than 100 tons of volatile organic compounds per year, where the compliance date in 15A NCAC 02D .0909 has not passed before redesignation of the area to attainment for the 1997 ozone standard, shall comply in accordance with Paragraph (h) of this Rule.
(h)  If a violation of the 1997 ambient air quality standard for ozone occurs when the areas listed in Paragraph (f) of this Rule become ozone maintenance area, no later than 10 days after the violation occurs, the Director shall initiate technical analyses to determine the control measures needed to attain and maintain the 1997 8-hour ambient air quality standard for ozone. By the following May 1, the Director shall implement the specific stationary source control measures contained in this Section that are required as part of the control strategy necessary to bring the area into compliance and to maintain compliance with the 1997 8-hour ambient air quality standard for ozone. The Director shall implement the rules in this Section identified as being necessary by the analyses by notice in the North Carolina Register. The notice shall identify the rules that are to be implemented and shall identify whether the Rules implemented are to apply in the areas listed in Paragraph (f) of this Rule. At least one week before the scheduled publication date of the North Carolina Register containing the Director's notice implementing rules in this Section, the Director shall send written notification to all permitted facilities within the counties in which the rules of this Section are being implemented notifying them that they are or may be subject to the requirements defined in 15A NCAC 02D .0909.
For the purpose of notifying permitted facilities in Mecklenburg County, "Director" means the Director of the Mecklenburg County local air pollution control program.
(i)  Sources whose emissions of volatile organic compounds are not subject to limitation under this Section may still be subject to emission limits on volatile organic compounds in 15A NCAC 02D .0524, .1110, and .1111.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5); 143-215.107(a)(7)
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. November 1, 2016; May 1, 2013; September 1, 2010; January 1, 2009; July 1, 2007; March 1, 2007; August 1, 2004; July 1, 2000; April 1, 1997; July 1, 1996; July 1, 1995; May 1, 1995; July 1, 1994;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0903	RECORDKEEPING: REPORTING: MONITORING
(a)  The owner or operator of any volatile organic compound emission source or control equipment shall:
(1)	install, operate, and maintain process and control equipment monitoring instruments or procedures as necessary to comply with the requirements of this Section; and
(2)	maintain written data and reports relating to monitoring instruments or procedures that document the compliance status of the volatile organic compound emission source or control equipment. Such data and reports shall be maintained daily unless otherwise specified in this Section.
(b)  The owner or operator of any volatile organic compound emission source or control equipment subject to the requirements of this Section shall comply with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in 15A NCAC 02D .0600.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. May 1, 2013; April 1, 1999; July 1, 1993; July 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0906	CIRCUMVENTION
(a)  An owner or operator subject to this Section shall not build, erect, install, or use any article, machine, equipment, process, or method that conceals an emission that would otherwise constitute a violation of an applicable rule in this Section.
(b)  Paragraph (a) of this Rule includes the use of gaseous dilutants to achieve compliance and the piecemeal carrying out of an operation to avoid coverage by a rule that applies only to operations larger than a specified size.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0909	COMPLIANCE SCHEDULES FOR SOURCES IN OZONE NONATTAINMENT AND MAINTENANCE AREAS
(a)  Applicability. This Rule applies to sources located at any facility covered by Paragraphs (f) and (h) of 15A NCAC 02D .0902.
(b)  Exceptions. This Rule does not apply to facilities subject to 15A NCAC 02D .0902(e). Facilities subject to 15A NCAC 02D .0902(e) shall comply with the provisions of those Rules rather than the schedule in Paragraphs (c) and (d) of this Rule.
(c)  Maintenance area contingency plan. The owner or operator of any source subject to this Rule shall adhere to the following increments of progress and schedules:
(1)	If compliance with applicable rules in this Section is to be achieved by installing emission control equipment, replacing process equipment, or modifying existing process equipment:
(A)	The owner or operator shall submit a permit application and a compliance schedule within six months after the Director notices the implementation of rules in the North Carolina Register that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone;
(B)	The compliance schedule shall contain the following increments of progress:
(i)	a date by which contracts for the emission control system and process equipment shall be awarded or orders shall be issued for purchase of component parts;
(ii)	a date by which on-site construction or installation of the emission control and process equipment shall begin; and
(iii)	a date by which on-site construction or installation of the emission control and process equipment shall be completed; and
(C)	Final compliance with applicable rules in this Section shall be achieved within three years after the Director notices the implementation of rules in the North Carolina Register that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone.
(2)	If compliance with applicable rules in this Section is to be achieved by using low solvent coating technology:
(A)	The owner or operator shall submit a permit application and a compliance schedule within six months after the Director notices the implementation of rules in the North Carolina Register that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone;
(B)	The compliance schedule shall contain the following increments of progress:
(i)	a date by which purchase orders shall be issued for low solvent coatings and process modifications;
(ii)	a date by which process modifications shall be initiated; and
(iii)	a date by which process modifications shall be completed and use of low solvent coatings shall begin; and
(C)	Final compliance with applicable rules in this Section shall be achieved within two years after the Director notices the implementation of rules in the North Carolina Register that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone.
(3)	The owner or operator shall certify to the Director within five days after each increment deadline of progress defined in this Paragraph, whether the required increment of progress has been met.
(d)  Moderate nonattainment areas. The owner or operator of any source subject to this Rule shall adhere to the following increments of progress and schedules:
(1)	If compliance with applicable rules in this Section is to be achieved by installing emission control equipment, replacing process equipment, or modifying existing process equipment:
(A)	The owner or operator shall submit a permit application and a compliance schedule by August 1, 2007;
(B)	The compliance schedule shall contain the following increments of progress:
(i)	a date by which contracts for the emission control system and process equipment shall be awarded or orders shall be issued for purchase of component parts;
(ii)	a date by which on-site construction or installation of the emission control and process equipment shall begin; and
(iii)	a date by which on-site construction or installation of the emission control and process equipment shall be completed; and
(C)	For facilities with potential to emit 100 tons or more of volatile organic compounds per year, final compliance with applicable rules in this Section shall be achieved no later than April 1, 2009.
(D)	For facilities with potential to emit less than 100 tons of volatile organic compounds per year, final compliance with applicable rules in this Section shall be achieved no later than May 1, 2016.
(2)	If compliance with applicable rules in this Section is to be achieved by using low solvent coating technology:
(A)	The owner or operator shall submit a permit application and a compliance schedule by August 1, 2007;
(B)	The compliance schedule shall contain the following increments of progress:
(i)	a date by which purchase orders shall be issued for low solvent coatings and process modifications;
(ii)	a date by which process modifications shall be initiated; and
(iii)	a date by which process modifications shall be completed and use of low solvent coatings shall begin; and
(C)	Final compliance with applicable rules in this Section shall be achieved no later than April 1, 2009;
(D)	For facilities with potential to emit less than 100 tons of volatile organic compounds per year, final compliance with applicable rules in this Section shall be achieved no later than May 1, 2015.
(3)	The owner or operator shall certify to the Director within five days after the deadline, for each increment of progress defined in this Paragraph, whether the required increment of progress has been met.
(e)  If the Director requires a test in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .2600 to demonstrate that compliance has been achieved, the owner or operator of sources subject to this Rule shall conduct a test and submit a final test report within six months after the stated date of final compliance.
(f)  Sources already in compliance.
(1)	Maintenance area contingency plan. Paragraph (c) of this Rule shall not apply to any source subject to this Rule that is in compliance with applicable rules of this Section when the Director notices the implementation of rules in the North Carolina Register that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone and that have determined and certified compliance by the Director within six months after the Director notices the implementation of rules in the North Carolina Register that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone.
(2)	Moderate nonattainment areas. Paragraph (d) of this Rule does not apply to sources subject to this Rule if they are in compliance with applicable rules of this Section on March 1, 2007.
(g)  New sources.
(1)	Maintenance area contingency plan. The owner or operator of any source subject to this Rule not in existence or under construction before the date that the Director notices in the North Carolina Register pursuant to 15A NCAC 02D .0902(h) the implementation of rules that resolves a violation of the ambient air quality standard for ozone shall comply with all applicable rules in this Section upon start-up of the source.
(2)	Moderate nonattainment areas. The owner or operator of any new source subject to this Rule not in existence or under construction before March 1, 2007 in an area identified in 15A NCAC 02D .0902(f) shall comply with all applicable rules in this Section upon start-up of the source.

History Note	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. May 1, 2013; September 1, 2010; January 1, 2009; July 1, 2007; March 1, 2007; July 1, 2000; April 1, 1997; July 1, 1995; July 1, 1994; July 1, 1988; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0912	GENERAL PROVISIONS ON TEST METHODS AND PROCEDURES
(a)  The owner or operator of any volatile organic compound source required to comply with rules in this Section shall demonstrate compliance by the methods described in 15A NCAC 02D .2600, if the test method is not stated in the Rule governing that source. The owner or operator of a volatile organic compound source shall demonstrate compliance when the Director requests such demonstration.
(b)  If the volatile organic compound emissions test shows noncompliance, the owner or operator of the volatile organic source shall submit, along with the final test report, the proposed corrective action.
(c)  Compliance shall be determined on a line-by-line basis using the more stringent of the following two:
(1)	Compliance shall be determined on a daily basis for each coating line using a weighted average by dividing the sum of the mass in pounds of volatile organic compounds in coatings consumed on that coating line, as received, and the mass in pounds of volatile organic compound solvents added to the coatings on that coating line by the volume in gallons of coating solids consumed during that day on that coating line; or
(2)	Compliance shall be determined as follows:
(A)	When low solvent or high solids coatings are used to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds, compliance shall be determined instantaneously.
(B)	When add on control devices, such as solvent recovery systems or incinerators, are used to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds, compliance shall be determined by averaging emissions over a one-hour period.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. June 1, 2008; April 1, 2003; July 1, 1993; July 1, 1991; March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985; July 1, 1980;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0918	CAN COATING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"End sealing compound" means a synthetic rubber compound that is coated onto can ends and functions as a gasket when the end is assembled on the can.
(2)	"Exterior base coating" means a coating applied to the exterior of a can to provide exterior protection to the metal and to provide background for the lithographic or printing operation.
(3)	"Interior base coating" means a coating applied by roller coater or spray to the interior of a can to provide a protective lining between the can metal and product.
(4)	"Interior body spray" means a coating sprayed on the interior of the can body to provide a protective film between the product and the can.
(5)	"Overvarnish" means a coating applied directly over ink to reduce the coefficient of friction, to provide gloss, and to protect the finish against abrasion and corrosion.
(6)	"Three-piece can side-seam spray" means a coating sprayed on the exterior and interior of a welded, cemented, or soldered seam to protect the exposed metal.
(7)	"Two-piece can exterior end coating" means a coating applied by roller coating or spraying to the exterior end of a can to provide protection to the metal.
(b)  This Rule applies to volatile organic compound emissions from coating applicators and ovens of sheet, can, or end coating lines involved in sheet exterior and interior basecoat and overvarnish; two-piece can interior body spray; two-piece spray or roll coat can exterior; and three-piece can side-seam spray and end sealing compound operations.
(c)  Unless the exception in Paragraph (d) of this Rule applies, emissions of volatile organic compounds from any can coating line subject to this Rule shall not exceed:
(1)	4.5 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered to the coating applicator from sheet exterior and interior basecoat and overvarnish or two-piece can exterior basecoat and overvarnish operations;
(2)	9.8 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered to the coating applicator from two and three-piece can interior body spray and two-piece spray or roll coat can exterior end operations;
(3)	21.8 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered to the coating applicator from a three-piece applicator from a three-piece can side-seam spray operations; or
(4)	7.4 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered to the coating applicator from end sealing compound operations.
(d)  Any source that has controlled emissions pursuant to 15A NCAC 02D .0518(e) prior to July 1, 2000 and that has installed air pollution control equipment in accordance with an air quality permit in order to comply with this Rule before December 1, 1989 may comply with the limits contained in this Paragraph instead of those contained in Paragraph (c) of this Rule. Emissions of volatile organic compounds from any can coating line subject to this Rule shall not exceed:
(1)	2.8 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds, delivered to the coating applicator from sheet exterior and interior basecoat and overvarnish or two-piece can exterior basecoat and overvarnish operations;
(2)	4.2 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds, delivered to the coating applicator from two and three-piece can interior body spray and two-piece can spray or roll coat exterior end operations;
(3)	5.5 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds, delivered to the coating applicator from a three-piece applicator from a three-piece can side-seam spray operations; or
(4)	3.7 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds, delivered to the coating applicator from end sealing compound operations.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1996; July 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted November 1, 2023; Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0919	COIL COATING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Coil coating" means the coating of any flat metal sheet or strip that comes in rolls or coils.
(2)	"Quench area" means a chamber where the hot metal exiting the oven is cooled by either a spray of water or a blast of air followed by water cooling.
(b)  This Rule applies to volatile organic compound emissions from the coating applicators, ovens, and quench areas of coil coating lines involved in prime and top coat or single coat operations.
(c)  Unless the exception in Paragraph (d) of this Rule applies, emissions of volatile organic compounds from any coil coating line subject to this Rule shall not exceed 4.0 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered to the coating applicator from prime and topcoat or single coat operations.
(d)  Any source that has controlled emissions of volatile organic compounds pursuant to .0518(e) prior to July 1, 2000 and that has installed air pollution control equipment in accordance with an air quality permit in order to comply with this Rule before December 1, 1989 may comply with the limits contained in this Paragraph instead of those contained in Paragraph (c) of this Rule. Emissions of volatile organic compounds from any coil coating line subject to this Rule shall not exceed 2.6 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds, delivered to the coating applicator from prime and topcoat or single coat operations.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1996; July 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0922	METAL FURNITURE COATINGS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Application area" means the area where the coating is applied by spraying, dipping, or flowcoating techniques.
(2)	"Coating unit" means one or more coating areas and any associated drying area or oven wherein a coating is applied, dried, or cured.
(3)	"Metal furniture coatings" means paints, sealants, caulks, inks, adhesives, and maskants.
(b)  This Rule applies to each metal furniture surface coating unit source whose emissions of volatile organic compounds meet the threshold established in 15A NCAC 02D .0902(b).
(c)  Unless the exception in Paragraph (f) of this Rule applies, emissions of all volatile organic compounds from metal furniture coating unit subject to this Rule shall not exceed:
(1)	2.3 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating excluding water and exempt compounds or 3.3 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered from general, one component or general, multi-component types of coating operations; and
(2)	3.0 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating excluding water and exempt compounds or 5.1 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered from any other types of coating operations.
(d)  EPA Method 24 of Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 60 shall be used to determine the volatile organic compounds content of coating materials used at metal furniture surface coating units unless the facility maintains records to document the volatile organic compounds content of coating materials from the manufacturer.
(e)  Emissions limits established in Subparagraph (c)(2) of this Rule do not apply to stencil coatings, safety-indicating coatings, solid film lubricants, electric-insulating and thermal-conducting coatings, touch-up and repair coatings, coating application utilizing hand-held aerosol cans, or cleaning operations.
(f)  Any coating unit that has chosen to use add-on control for coating operations rather than the emission limits established in Paragraph (c) of this Rule shall install control equipment with an overall control efficiency of 90 percent or use a combination of coating and add-on control equipment on a coating unit to meet limits established in Paragraph (c) of this Rule.
(g)  The owner or operator of any facility subject to this Rule shall comply with 15A NCAC 02D .0903 and .0958.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. September 1, 2010; July 1, 1996; July 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0923	SURFACE COATING OF LARGE APPLIANCE PARTS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Application area" means the area where the coating is applied by spraying, dipping, or flowcoating techniques.
(2)	"Coating" means paints, sealants, caulks, inks, adhesives, and maskants.
(3)	"Coating unit" means a unit that consists of a series of one or more coating applicators and any associated drying area or oven where a coating is dried or cured.
(4)	"Large appliance part" means any organic surface-coated metal lid, door, casing, panel, or other interior or exterior metal part or accessory that is assembled to form a large appliance product.
(5)	"Large appliance product" means any organic surface-coated metal range, oven, microwave oven, refrigerator, freezer, washer, dryer, dishwasher, water heater, or trash compactor manufactured for household, commercial, or recreational use.
(b)  This Rule applies to each large appliance coating unit source whose volatile organic compounds emissions meet the threshold established in 15A NCAC 02D .0902.
(c)  Emissions of all volatile organic compounds from any large appliance coating unit subject to this Rule shall not exceed:
(1)	2.3 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds or 3.3 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered from general, one component coating or general, multi-component types of coating operations; and
(2)	2.8 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds or 4.5 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered from any other types of coating operations.
(d)  EPA Method 24 of Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 60 shall be used to determine the volatile organic compounds content of coating materials used at surface coating of large appliances parts facilities unless the facility maintains records to document the volatile organic compounds content of coating materials from the manufacturer.
(e)  Emissions limits established in Subparagraph (c)(2) of this Rule do not apply to stencil coatings, safety-indicating coatings, solid film lubricants, electric-insulating and thermal-conducting coatings, touch-up and repair coatings, coating applications utilizing hand- held aerosol cans, or any cleaning material.
(f)  Any coating unit that has chosen to use add-on controls for coating operations rather than the emission limits established in Paragraph (c) of this Rule shall install control equipment with an overall control efficiency of 90 percent or use a combination of coating and add-on control equipment on a coating unit to meet limits established in Paragraph (c) of this Rule.
(g)  The owner or operator of any facility subject to this Rule shall comply with 15A NCAC 02D .0903 and .0958.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. September 1, 2010; July 1, 1996; July 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0924	MAGNET WIRE COATING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, "magnet wire coating" means the process of applying a coating of electrically insulating varnish or enamel to aluminum or copper wire for use in electrical machinery.
(b)  This Rule applies to volatile organic compound emissions from the oven(s) of magnet wire coating operations.
(c)  With the exception stated in Paragraph (d) of this Rule, emissions of volatile organic compounds from any magnet wire coating oven subject to this Rule shall not exceed 2.2 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of solids delivered to the coating applicator from magnet wire coating operations.
(d)  Any source that has controlled emissions of volatile organic compounds pursuant to 15A NCAC 02D .0518(e) prior to July 1, 2000 and installed air pollution control equipment in accordance with an air quality permit in order to comply with this Rule before December 1, 1989 may comply with the limits contained in this Paragraph instead of those contained in Paragraph (c) of this Rule. Emissions of volatile organic compounds from any magnet wire coating oven subject to this Rule shall not exceed 1.7 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, excluding water and exempt compounds, delivered to the coating applicator from magnet wire coating operations.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1996; July 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0925	PETROLEUM LIQUID STORAGE IN FIXED ROOF TANKS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Condensate" means hydrocarbon liquid separated from natural gas that condenses due to changes in the temperature or pressure and remains liquid at standard conditions.
(2)	"Crude oil" means a naturally occurring mixture that consists of hydrocarbons or sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof that is a liquid at standard conditions.
(3)	"Custody transfer" means the transfer of produced crude oil or condensate, after processing or treating in the producing operations, from storage tanks or automatic transfer facilities to pipeline or any other forms of transportation.
(4)	"External floating roof" means a storage vessel cover in an open top tank consisting of a double deck or pontoon single deck that rests upon and is supported by the petroleum liquid being contained and is equipped with a closure seal or seals to close the space between the roof edge and tank shell.
(5)	"Internal floating roof" means a cover or roof in a fixed roof tank that rests upon or is floated upon the petroleum liquid being contained, and is equipped with a closure seal or seals to close the space between the roof edge and tank shell.
(6)	"Petroleum liquids" means crude oil, condensate, and any finished or intermediate products manufactured or extracted in a petroleum refinery.
(7)	"Petroleum refinery" means any facility engaged in producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils, residual fuel oils, lubricants, or other products through distillation of crude oils, or through redistillation, cracking, extraction, or reforming of unfinished petroleum derivatives.
(b)  This Rule applies to all fixed roof storage vessels with capacities greater than 39,000 gallons containing volatile petroleum liquids whose true vapor pressure is greater than 1.52 pounds per square inch.
(c)  This Rule does not apply to volatile petroleum liquid storage vessels:
(1)	equipped with external floating roofs; or
(2)	having capacities less than 416,000 gallons used to store produced crude oil and condensate prior to lease custody transfer.
(d)  With the exceptions stated in Paragraph (c) of this Rule, the owner or operator of any fixed roof storage vessel subject to this Rule shall not use the storage vessel unless:
(1)	The storage vessel has been retrofitted with an internal floating roof equipped with a closure seal, or seals, to close the space between the roof edge and tank wall;
(2)	The storage vessel is maintained such that there are no visible holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or any seal fabric or materials;
(3)	All openings except stub drains are equipped with covers, lids, or seals such that:
(A)	the cover, lid, or seal is in the closed position at all times except when in actual use;
(B)	automatic bleeder vents are closed at all times except when the roof is floated off or landed on the roof leg supports; and
(C)	rim vents, if provided, are set to open when the roof is being floated off the roof leg supports or at the manufacturer's recommended setting;
(4)	Planned routine visual inspections are conducted through roof hatches once per month;
(5)	A complete inspection of cover and seal is conducted whenever the tank is emptied for maintenance, shell inspection, cleaning, or for other nonoperational reasons or whenever excessive vapor leakage is observed; and
(6)	Records are maintained in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0903 and shall include:
(A)	reports of the results of inspections conducted pursuant to Subparagraphs (d)(4) and (d)(5) of this Rule;
(B)	a record of the average monthly storage temperature, and true vapor pressures of petroleum liquids stored; and
(C)	records of the throughput quantities and types of petroleum liquids for each storage vessel.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0926	BULK GASOLINE PLANTS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Average daily throughput" means annual throughput of gasoline divided by 312 days per year.
(2)	"Bottom filling" means the filling of a cargo tank or stationary storage tank through an opening flush with the tank bottom.
(3)	"Bulk gasoline plant" means a gasoline storage and distribution facility with an average daily throughput of less than 20,000 gallons of gasoline and that typically receives gasoline from bulk terminals by cargo tank transport, stores it in tanks, and subsequently dispenses it via account cargo tanks to farms, businesses, and service stations.
(4)	"Bulk gasoline terminal" means a gasoline storage facility that typically receives gasoline from refineries primarily by pipeline, ship, or barge; delivers gasoline to bulk gasoline plants or to commercial or retail accounts primarily by cargo tank; and has an average daily throughput of greater than or equal to 20,000 gallons of gasoline.
(5)	"Cargo tank" means the storage vessels of freight trucks or trailers used to transport gasoline from sources of supply to stationary storage tanks of bulk gasoline terminals, bulk gasoline plants, gasoline dispensing facilities, and gasoline service stations.
(6)	"Gasoline" means any petroleum distillate having a Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) of 4.0 psi or greater.
(7)	"Incoming vapor balance system" means a combination of pipes or hoses that create a closed system between the vapor spaces of an unloading cargo tank and a receiving stationary storage tank such that vapors displaced from the receiving stationary storage tank are transferred to the cargo tank being unloaded.
(8)	"Outgoing vapor balance system" means a combination of pipes or hoses that create a closed system between the vapor spaces of an unloading stationary storage tank and a receiving cargo tank such that vapors displaced from the receiving cargo tank are transferred to the stationary storage tank being unloaded.
(9)	"Splash filling" means the filling of a cargo tank or stationary storage tank through a pipe or hose whose discharge opening is above the surface level of the liquid in the tank being filled.
(10)	"Submerged filling" means the filling of a cargo tank or stationary tank through a pipe or hose whose discharge opening is entirely submerged when the pipe normally used to withdraw liquid from the tank can no longer withdraw any liquid, or whose discharge opening is entirely submerged when the liquid level is six inches above the bottom of the tank.
(b)  This Rule applies to the unloading, loading, and storage facilities of all bulk gasoline plants, and of all cargo tanks delivering or receiving gasoline at bulk gasoline plants except stationary storage tanks with capacities less than 528 gallons.
(c)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant shall not transfer gasoline to any stationary storage tanks unless the unloading cargo tank and the receiving stationary storage tank are equipped with an incoming vapor balance system as described in Paragraph (i) of this Rule and the receiving stationary storage tank is equipped with a fill line whose discharge opening is flush with the bottom of the tank.
(d)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant with an average daily gasoline throughput of 4,000 gallons or more shall not load cargo tank at such plant unless the unloading stationary storage tank and the receiving cargo tank are equipped with an outgoing vapor balance system as described in Paragraph (i) of this Rule and the receiving cargo tank is equipped for bottom filling.
(e)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant with an average daily throughput of more than 2,500 gallons but less than 4,000 gallons located in an area with a housing density exceeding the limits in this Paragraph shall not load any cargo tank at such bulk gasoline plant unless the unloading stationary storage tank and receiving cargo tank are equipped with an outgoing vapor balance system as described in Paragraph (i) of this Rule and the receiving cargo tank is equipped for bottom filling. In the counties of Alamance, Buncombe, Cabarrus, Catawba, Cumberland, Davidson, Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Mecklenburg, New Hanover, Orange, Rowan, and Wake, the specified limit on housing density is 50 residences in a square one mile on a side with the square centered on the loading rack at the bulk gasoline plant and with one side oriented in a true North-South direction. In all other counties the specified limit on housing density is 100 residences per square mile. The housing density shall be determined by counting the number of residences using aerial photographs or other methods approved by the Director to provide equivalent accuracy.
(f)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant not subject to the outgoing vapor balance system requirements of Paragraph (d) or (e) of this Rule shall not load cargo tanks at such plants unless:
(1)	equipment is available at the bulk gasoline plant to provide for submerged filling of each cargo tank; or
(2)	each receiving cargo tank is equipped for bottom filling.
(g)  For gasoline bulk plants located in a nonattainment area for ozone, the owner or operator shall continue to comply with Paragraph (d) or (e) of this Rule even if the average daily throughput falls below the applicable threshold if ever the facility throughput triggered compliance.
(h)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant shall ensure a cargo tank that is required to be equipped with a vapor balance system pursuant to Paragraphs (c), (d), or (e) of this Rule shall not transfer gasoline between the cargo tank and the stationary storage tank unless:
(1)	the vapor balance system is in good working order and is connected and operating;
(2)	cargo tank hatches are closed at all times during loading and unloading operations; and
(3)	the cargo tank's pressure/vacuum relief valves, hatch covers, and the cargo tank's and storage tank's associated vapor and liquid lines are vapor tight during loading or unloading.
(i)  Vapor balance systems required under Paragraphs (c), (d), and (e) of this Rule shall consist of the following major components:
(1)	a vapor space connection on the stationary storage tank equipped with fittings that are vapor tight and will be automatically and immediately closed upon disconnection to prevent release of volatile organic material;
(2)	a connecting pipe or hose equipped with fittings that are vapor tight and will be automatically and immediately closed upon disconnection to prevent release of volatile organic material; and
(3)	a vapor space connection on the cargo tank equipped with fittings that are vapor tight and will be automatically and immediately closed upon disconnection to prevent release of volatile organic material.
(j)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant shall paint all tanks used for gasoline storage white or silver.
(k)  The pressure relief valves on cargo tanks loading or unloading at bulk gasoline plants shall be set to release at the highest possible pressure in accordance with State or local fire codes or the National Fire Prevention Association Guidelines. The pressure relief valves on stationary storage tanks shall be set at 0.5 psi for storage tanks placed in service on or after November 1, 1992, and 0.25 psi for storage tanks existing before November 1, 1992.
(l)  No owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant may permit gasoline to be spilled, discarded in sewers, stored in open containers, or handled in any other manner that would result in evaporation.
(m)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant shall observe loading and unloading operations and shall discontinue the transfer of gasoline:
(1)	if any liquid leaks are observed; or
(2)	if any vapor leaks are observed where a vapor balance system is required under Paragraphs (c), (d), or (e) of this Rule.
(n)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline plant shall not load, or allow to be loaded, gasoline into any cargo tank unless the cargo tank has been certified leak tight in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0932, .0960, and .2615.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1996; May 1, 1993; March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2023; November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0927	BULK GASOLINE TERMINALS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Bulk gasoline terminal" means:
(A)	a pipeline breakout station of an interstate oil pipeline facility; or
(B)	a gasoline storage facility that typically receives gasoline from refineries primarily by pipeline, ship, or barge; delivers gasoline to bulk gasoline plants or to commercial or retail accounts primarily by cargo tank; and has an average daily throughput of more than 20,000 gallons of gasoline.
(2)	"Cargo tank" means the storage vessels of freight trucks or trailers used to transport gasoline from sources of supply to stationary storage tanks of bulk gasoline terminals, bulk gasoline plants, gasoline dispensing facilities, and gasoline service stations.
(3)	"Contact deck" means a deck in an internal floating roof tank that rises and falls with the liquid level and floats in direct contact with the liquid surface.
(4)	"Degassing" means the process by which a tank's interior vapor space is decreased to below the lower explosive limit for the purpose of cleaning, inspection, or repair.
(5)	"Gasoline" means a petroleum distillate having a Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) of 4.0 psi or greater.
(6)	"Leak" means a crack or hole letting petroleum product vapor or liquid escape that is identifiable through sight, sound, smell, an explosimeter, or the use of a meter that measures volatile organic compounds. When an explosimeter or meter is used to detect a leak, a leak is a measurement that is equal to or greater than 100 percent of the lower explosive limit, as detected by a combustible gas detector using the test procedure described in Appendix B of EPA-450/2-78-051. This test procedure is incorporated by reference, including any subsequent amendments and editions. A copy of this test procedure may be obtained free of charge at https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/2000M9RD.PDF?Dockey=2000M9RD.PDF.
(7)	"Liquid balancing" means a process used to degas floating roof gasoline storage tanks with a liquid whose vapor pressure is below 1.52 psi. This is done by removing as much gasoline as possible without landing the roof on its internal supports, pumping in the replacement fluid, allowing mixing, remove as much mixture as possible without landing the roof, and repeating these steps until the vapor pressure of the mixture is below 1.52 psi.
(8)	"Liquid displacement" means a process by which gasoline vapors, remaining in an empty tank, are displaced by a liquid with a vapor pressure below 1.52 psi.
(9)	"Pipeline breakout station" means a facility along a pipeline containing storage tanks used to:
(A)	relieve surges in a hazardous liquid pipeline system; or
(B)	receive and store hazardous liquids transported by pipeline for reinjection and continued transport by pipeline.
(b)  This Rule applies to bulk gasoline terminals and the appurtenant equipment necessary to load the cargo tank compartments.
(c)  Gasoline shall not be loaded into any cargo tank from any bulk gasoline terminal unless:
(1)	the bulk gasoline terminal is equipped with a vapor control system that prevents the emissions of volatile organic compounds from exceeding 35 milligrams per liter. The owner or operator shall obtain from the manufacturer and maintain in the cargo tank's records a pre-installation certification stating the vapor control efficiency of the system in use;
(2)	displaced vapors and gases are vented only to the vapor control system or to a flare;
(3)	a means is provided to prevent liquid drainage from the loading device when it is not in use or to accomplish complete drainage before the loading device is disconnected; and
(4)	all loading and vapor lines are equipped with fittings that make vapor-tight connections and that are automatically and immediately closed upon disconnection.
(d)  Sources regulated by this Rule shall not:
(1)	allow gasoline to be discarded in sewers or stored in open containers or handled in any manner that would result in evaporation; or
(2)	allow the pressure in the vapor collection system to exceed the cargo tank pressure relief settings.
(e)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall paint all tanks used for gasoline storage white or silver.
(f)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall install on each external floating roof tank with an inside diameter of 100 feet or less used to store gasoline a self-supporting roof, such as a geodesic dome.
(g)  The following equipment shall be required on all tanks storing gasoline at a bulk gasoline terminal:
(1)	rim-mounted secondary seals on all external and internal floating roof tanks;
(2)	gaskets on deck fittings; and
(3)	floats in the slotted guide poles with a gasket around the cover of the poles.
(h)  Decks shall be required on all above ground tanks with a capacity greater than 19,800 gallons storing gasoline at a bulk gasoline terminal. All decks installed after June 30, 1998 shall comply with the following requirements:
(1)	deck seams shall be welded, bolted, or riveted; and
(2)	seams on bolted contact decks and on riveted contact decks shall be gasketed.
(i)  If, upon facility or operational modification of a bulk gasoline terminal that existed before December 1, 1992, an increase in benzene emissions results such that:
(1)	emissions of volatile organic compounds increase by more than 25 tons cumulative at any time during the five years following modifications; and
(2)	annual emissions of benzene from the cluster where the bulk gasoline terminal is located (including the pipeline and marketing terminals served by the pipeline) exceed benzene emissions from that cluster based upon calendar year 1991 gasoline throughput and application of the requirements of this Subchapter,
then, the annual increase in benzene emissions due to the modification shall be offset within the cluster by reduction in benzene emissions beyond that otherwise achieved from compliance with this Rule, in the ratio of at least 1.3 to 1.
(j)  The owner or operators of a bulk gasoline terminal that received an air permit before December 1, 1992 to emit toxic air pollutants under 15A NCAC 02Q .0700 to comply with 15A NCAC 02D .1100 shall continue to follow all terms and conditions of the permit issued under 15A NCAC 02Q .0700 and to bring the terminal into compliance with 15A NCAC 02D .1100 according to the terms and conditions of the permit, in which case the bulk gasoline terminal shall continue to need a permit to emit toxic air pollutants and shall be exempted from Paragraphs (e) through (i) of this Rule.
(k)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall not load, or allow to be loaded, gasoline into any cargo tank unless the cargo tank has been certified leak tight according to 15A NCAC 02D .0932, .0960, and .2615.
(l)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall have on file at the terminal a copy of the certification test conducted according to 15A NCAC 02D .0932 for each gasoline cargo tank loaded at the terminal.
(m)  Emissions of gasoline from degassing of external or internal floating roof tanks at a bulk gasoline terminal shall be collected and controlled by at least 90 percent by weight. Liquid balancing shall not be used to degas gasoline storage tanks at bulk gasoline terminals. Bulk gasoline storage tanks containing not more than 138 gallons of liquid gasoline or the equivalent of gasoline vapor and gasoline liquid are exempted from the degassing requirements if gasoline vapors are vented for at least 24 hours. Documentation of degassing external or internal floating roof tanks shall be made according to 15A NCAC 02D .0903.
(n)  According to 15A NCAC 02D .0903, the owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall visually inspect the following for leaks each day that the terminal is both manned and open for business:
(1)	the vapor collection system;
(2)	the vapor control system; and
(3)	each lane of the loading rack while a gasoline cargo tank is being loaded.
If no leaks are found, the owner or operator shall record that no leaks were found. If a leak is found, the owner or operator shall record the information specified in Paragraph (p) of this Rule. The owner or operator shall repair all leaks found according to Paragraph (q) of this Rule.
(o)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall inspect weekly for leaks:
(1)	the vapor collection system;
(2)	the vapor control system; and
(3)	each lane of the loading rack while a gasoline cargo tank is being loaded.
The weekly inspection shall be done using sight, sound, or smell; a meter used to measure volatile organic compounds; or an explosimeter. An inspection using either a meter used to measure volatile organic compounds or an explosimeter shall be conducted every month. If no leaks are found, the owner or operator shall record the date that the inspection was done and that no leaks were found. If a leak is found, the owner or operator shall record the information specified in Paragraph (p) of this Rule. The owner or operator shall repair all leaks found according to Paragraph (q) of this Rule.
(p)  For each leak found under Paragraph (n) or (o) of this Rule, the owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall record:
(1)	the date of the inspection;
(2)	the findings detailing the location, nature, and severity of each leak;
(3)	the corrective action taken;
(4)	the date when corrective action was completed; and
(5)	any other information that the terminal deems necessary to demonstrate compliance.
(q)  The owner or operator of a bulk gasoline terminal shall repair all leaks as follows:
(1)	The vapor collection hose that connects to the cargo tank shall be repaired or replaced before another cargo tank is loaded at that rack after a leak has been detected originating with the terminal's equipment rather than from the gasoline cargo tank.
(2)	All other leaks shall be repaired as expeditiously as possible but no later than 15 days from their detection. If more than 15 days are required to make the repair, the reasons that the repair cannot be made shall be documented, and the leaking equipment shall not be used after the fifteenth day from when the leak detection was found until the repair is made.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. January 1, 2007; April 1, 2003; August 1, 2002; July 1, 1998; July 1, 1996; July 1, 1994; December 1, 1992; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2023; November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0928	GASOLINE SERVICE STATIONS STAGE I
(a)  Definitions. For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Coaxial vapor recovery system" means the delivery of the gasoline and recovery of vapors occurring through a single coaxial fill tube, which is a tube within a tube. Gasoline is delivered through the inner tube, and vapor is recovered through the annular space between the walls of the inner tube and outer tube.
(2)	"Delivery vessel" means cargo tanks used for the transport of gasoline from sources or supply to stationary storage tanks of gasoline dispensing facilities.
(3)	"Dual point vapor recovery system" means the delivery of the product to the stationary storage tank and the recovery of vapors from the stationary storage tank occurring through two separate openings in the storage tank and two separate hoses between the cargo tank and the stationary storage tank.
(4)	"Gasoline" means a petroleum distillate having a Reid vapor pressure of four psi or greater.
(5)	"Gasoline dispensing facility" means any site where gasoline is dispensed to motor vehicle gasoline tanks from stationary storage tanks.
(6)	"Gasoline service station" means any gasoline dispensing facility where gasoline is sold to the motoring public from stationary storage tanks.
(7)	"Line" means any pipe suitable for transferring gasoline.
(8)	"Operator" means any person who leases, operates, controls, or supervises a facility at which gasoline is dispensed.
(9)	"Owner" means any person who has legal or equitable title to the gasoline storage tank at a facility.
(10)	"Poppeted vapor recovery adaptor" means a vapor recovery adaptor that automatically and immediately closes itself when the vapor return line is disconnected and maintains a tight seal when the vapor return line is not connected.
(11)	"Stationary storage tank" means a gasoline storage container that is a permanent fixture.
(12)	"Submerged fill pipe" means any fill pipe with a discharge opening that is entirely submerged when the pipe normally used to withdraw liquid from the tank can no longer withdraw any liquid, or that is entirely submerged when the level of the liquid is:
(A)	six inches above the bottom of the tank if the tank does not have a vapor recovery adaptor; or
(B)	12 inches above the bottom of the tank if the tank has a vapor recovery adaptor. If the opening of the submerged fill pipe is cut at a slant, the distance is measured from the top of the slanted cut to the bottom of the tank.
(13)	"Throughput" means the amount of gasoline dispensed at a facility during a calendar month after November 15, 1990.
(b)  Applicability. This Rule applies to all gasoline dispensing facilities and gasoline service stations, and to delivery vessels delivering gasoline to a gasoline dispensing facility or gasoline service station.
(c)  Exemptions. This Rule does not apply to:
(1)	transfers made to storage tanks at gasoline dispensing facilities or gasoline service stations equipped with floating roofs or their equivalent;
(2)	stationary tanks with a capacity of not more than 2,000 gallons that are in place before July 1, 1979, if the tanks are equipped with a permanent or portable submerged fill pipe;
(3)	stationary storage tanks with a capacity of not more than 550 gallons that are installed after June 30, 1979, if tanks are equipped with a permanent or portable submerged fill pipe;
(4)	stationary storage tanks with a capacity of not more than 2,000 gallons located on a farm or a residence and used to store gasoline for farm equipment or residential use if gasoline is delivered to the tank through a permanent or portable submerged fill pipe. This exemption does not apply in ozone non-attainment areas;
(5)	stationary storage tanks at a gasoline dispensing facility or gasoline service station where the combined annual throughput of gasoline at the facility or station does not exceed 50,000 gallons, if the tanks are permanently equipped with submerged fill pipes; or
(6)	any tanks used exclusively to test the fuel dispensing meters.
(d)  With exceptions stated in Paragraph (c) of this Rule, gasoline shall not be transferred from any delivery vessel into any stationary storage tank unless:
(1)	the tank is equipped with a submerged fill pipe, and the vapors displaced from the storage tank during filling are controlled by a vapor control system as described in Paragraph (e) of this Rule;
(2)	the vapor control system is in good working order and is connected and operating with a vapor tight connection;
(3)	the vapor control system is properly maintained and all damaged or malfunctioning components or elements of design are repaired, replaced, or modified;
(4)	gauges, meters, or other specified testing devices are maintained in proper working order;
(5)	the delivery vessel and vapor collection system complies with 15A NCAC 02D .0932; and
(6)	the following records are kept in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0903:
(A)	the scheduled date for maintenance or the date that a malfunction was detected;
(B)	the date the maintenance was performed or the malfunction corrected; and
(C)	the component or element of design of the control system repaired, replaced, or modified.
(e)  The vapor control system required by Paragraph (d) of this Rule shall include one or more of the following:
(1)	a vapor-tight line from the storage tank to the delivery vessel, and:
(A)	for a coaxial vapor recovery system, either a poppeted or unpoppeted vapor recovery adaptor;
(B)	for a dual point vapor recovery system, a poppeted vapor recovery adaptor; or
(2)	a refrigeration-condensation system or equivalent designed to recover at least 90 percent by weight of the volatile organic compounds in the displaced vapor.
(f)  If an unpoppeted vapor recovery adaptor is used pursuant to Part (e)(1)(A) of this Rule, the tank liquid fill connection shall remain covered either with a vapor-tight cap or a vapor return line, except when the vapor return line is being connected or disconnected.
(g)  If an unpoppeted vapor recovery adaptor is used pursuant to Part (e)(1)(A) of this Rule, the unpoppeted vapor recovery adaptor shall be replaced with a poppeted vapor recovery adaptor when the tank is replaced or is removed and upgraded.
(h)  Where vapor lines from the storage tanks are manifolded, poppeted vapor recovery adapters shall be used. No more than one tank is to be loaded at a time if the manifold vapor lines are size 2.5 inches and smaller. If the manifold vapor lines are 3.0 inches and larger, then two tanks at a time may be loaded.
(i)  Vent lines on tanks with Stage I controls shall have pressure release valves or restrictors.
(j)  The vapor-laden delivery vessel:
(1)	shall be designed and maintained to be vapor-tight during loading and unloading operations and during transport with the exception of normal pressure/vacuum venting as required by the Department of Transportation; and
(2)	if it is refilled in North Carolina, shall be refilled only at:
(A)	bulk gasoline plants complying with 15A NCAC 02D .0926; or
(B)	bulk gasoline terminals complying with 15A NCAC 02D .0927 or .0524.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1996; July 1, 1994; March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2023; November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0930	SOLVENT METAL CLEANING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Cold cleaning" means the batch process of cleaning and removing soils from metal surfaces by spraying, brushing, flushing, or immersion while maintaining the solvent below its boiling point. Wipe cleaning is not included in this definition.
(2)	"Conveyorized degreasing" means the continuous process of cleaning and removing soils from metal surfaces by operating with either cold or vaporized solvents.
(3)	"Freeboard height" means for vapor degreasers the distance from the top of the vapor zone to the top of the degreaser tank. For cold cleaners, freeboard height means the distance from liquid solvent level in the degreaser tank to the top of the tank.
(4)	"Freeboard ratio" means the freeboard height divided by the width of the degreaser.
(5)	"Open top vapor degreasing" means the batch process of cleaning and removing soils from metal surfaces by condensing hot solvent vapor on the colder metal parts.
(6)	"Solvent metal cleaning" means the process of cleaning soils from metal surfaces by cold cleaning, open top vapor degreasing, or conveyorized degreasing.
(b)  This Rule applies to cold cleaning, open top vapor degreasing, and conveyorized degreasing operations.
(c)  The provisions of this Rule shall apply with the following exceptions:
(1)	Open top vapor degreasers with an open area smaller than 10.8 square feet shall be exempt from Subparagraph (e)(3) of this Rule; and
(2)	Conveyorized degreasers with an air/vapor interface smaller than 21.6 square feet shall be exempt from Subparagraph (f)(2) of this Rule.
(d)  The owner or operator of a cold cleaning facility shall:
(1)	equip the cleaner with a cover and the cover shall be designed so that it can be easily operated with one hand, if:
(A)	the solvent volatility is greater than 15 millimeters of mercury or 0.3 pounds per square inch measured at 100°F;
(B)	the solvent is agitated; or
(C)	the solvent is heated;
(2)	equip the cleaner with a facility for draining cleaned parts. The drainage facility shall be constructed internally so that parts are enclosed under the cover while draining if the solvent volatility is greater than 32 millimeters of mercury or 0.6 pounds per square inch measured at 100°F. However, the drainage facility may be external for applications where an internal type cannot fit into the cleaning system;
(3)	install one of the following control devices if the solvent volatility is greater than 33 millimeters of mercury or 0.6 pounds per square inch measured at 100°F, or if the solvent is heated above 120°F:
(A)	freeboard that gives a freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.7;
(B)	water cover if the solvent is insoluble in and heavier than water; or
(C)	other systems of equivalent control, such as refrigerated chiller or carbon adsorption, approved by the Director;
(4)	provide a permanent, conspicuous label, summarizing the operating requirements;
(5)	store waste solvent only in covered containers and not dispose of waste solvent or transfer it to another party, such that greater than 20 percent of the waste solvent (by weight) can evaporate into the atmosphere;
(6)	close the cover whenever parts are not being handled in the cleaner;
(7)	drain the cleaned parts for at least 15 seconds or until dripping ceases; and
(8)	if used, supply a solvent spray that is a solid fluid stream (not a fine, atomized, or shower type spray) at a pressure that does not cause excessive splashing.
(e)  With the exception stated in Paragraph (c) of this Rule the owner or operator of an open top vapor degreaser shall:
(1)	equip the vapor degreaser with a cover that can be opened and closed easily without disturbing the vapor zone;
(2)	provide the following safety switches or devices:
(A)	a condenser flow switch and thermostat or other device that prevents heat input if the condenser coolant is either not circulating or too warm;
(B)	a spray safety switch or other device that shuts off the spray pump if the vapor level drops more than 10 inches; and
(C)	a vapor level control thermostat or other device that prevents heat input when the vapor level rises too high;
(3)	install one of the following control devices:
(A)	freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.75. If the degreaser opening is greater than 10.8 square feet, the cover must be powered;
(B)	refrigerated chiller;
(C)	enclosed design where the cover or door opens only when the dry part is actually entering or exiting the degreaser; or
(D)	carbon adsorption system with ventilation greater than or equal to 50 cubic feet per minute per square foot of air/vapor area, when cover is open, and exhausting less than 25 parts per million of solvent averaged over one complete adsorption cycle;
(4)	keep the cover closed at all times except when processing workloads through the degreaser; and
(5)	minimize solvent carryout by:
(A)	racking parts to allow complete drainage;
(B)	moving parts in and out of the degreaser at less than 11 feet per minute;
(C)	holding the parts in the vapor zone at least 30 seconds or until condensation ceases;
(D)	tipping out any pools of solvent on the cleaned parts before removal from the vapor zone; and
(E)	allowing parts to dry within the degreaser for at least 15 seconds or until visually dry;
(6)	not degrease porous or absorbent materials, such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope;
(7)	not occupy more than half of the degreaser's open top area with a workload;
(8)	not load the degreaser to the point where the vapor level would drop more than 10 inches when the workload is removed from the vapor zone;
(9)	always spray below the vapor level;
(10)	repair solvent leaks immediately or shutdown the degreaser;
(11)	store waste solvent only in covered containers and not dispose of waste solvent or transfer it to another party, such that greater than 20 percent of the waste solvent (by weight) can evaporate into the atmosphere;
(12)	not operate the cleaner so as to allow water to be visually detectable in solvent exiting the water separator;
(13)	not use ventilation fans near the degreaser opening, nor provide exhaust ventilation exceeding 65 cubic feet per minute per square foot of degreaser open area, unless necessary to meet OSHA requirements (OSHA is the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration; in North Carolina the N.C. Labor Department has delegation of OSHA programs); and
(14)	provide a permanent, conspicuous label, summarizing the operating procedures of Subparagraph (4) through (12) of this Paragraph.
(f)  With the exception stated in Paragraph (c) of this Rule, the owner or operator of a conveyorized degreaser shall:
(1)	not use workplace fans near the degreaser opening, nor provide exhaust ventilation exceeding 65 cubic feet per minute per square foot of degreaser opening, unless necessary to meet OSHA requirements;
(2)	install one of the following control devices:
(A)	refrigerated chiller; or
(B)	carbon adsorption system with ventilation greater than or equal to 50 cubic feet per minute per square foot of air/vapor area, when downtime covers are open, and exhausting less than 25 parts per million of solvent by volume averaged over a complete adsorption cycle;
(3)	equip the cleaner with equipment, such as a drying tunnel or rotating (tumbling) basket, sufficient to prevent cleaned parts from carrying out solvent liquid or vapor;
(4)	provide the following safety switches or devices:
(A)	a condenser flow switch and thermostat or other device that prevents heat input if the condenser coolant is either not circulating or too warm;
(B)	a spray safety switch or other device that shuts off the spray pump or the conveyor if the vapor level drops more than 10 inches; and
(C)	a vapor level control thermostat or other device that prevents heat input when the vapor level rises too high;
(5)	minimize openings during operation so that entrances and exits will silhouette workloads with an average clearance between the parts and the edge of the degreaser opening of less than four inches or less than 10 percent of the width of the opening;
(6)	provide downtime covers for closing off the entrance and exit during shutdown hours;
(7)	minimize carryout emissions by:
(A)	racking parts for best drainage; and
(B)	maintaining the vertical conveyor speed at less than 11 feet per minute;
(8)	store waste solvent only in covered containers and not dispose of waste solvent or transfer it to another party, such that greater than 20 percent of the waste solvent (by weight) can evaporate into the atmosphere;
(9)	repair solvent leaks immediately, or shut down the degreaser;
(10)	not operate the cleaner so as to allow water to be visually detectable in solvent exiting the water separator; and
(11)	place downtime covers over entrances and exits or conveyorized degreasers immediately after the conveyors and exhausts are shutdown and not remove them until just before start-up.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0931	CUTBACK ASPHALT
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Asphalt" means a dark-brown to black cementitious material, solid, semisolid, or liquid in consistency, in which the predominating constituents are bitumens that occur in nature as such or that are obtained as residue in refining petroleum.
(2)	"Cutback asphalt" means asphalt cement that has been liquefied by blending with petroleum solvents or diluents. Upon exposure to atmospheric conditions, the diluents evaporate, leaving the asphalt cement to perform its function.
(3)	"Penetrating prime coat" means an application of low-viscosity liquid asphalt to an absorbent surface. It is used to prepare an untreated base for an asphalt surface. The prime penetrates the base and plugs the voids, hardens the top, and helps bind it to the overlying asphalt course. It also reduces the necessity of maintaining an untreated base course prior to placing the asphalt pavement.
(b)  This Rule applies to the manufacture and use of cutback asphalts for the purpose of paving or maintaining roads, highways, streets, parking lots, driveways, curbs, sidewalks, airfields, such as runways, taxiways, and parking aprons, recreational facilities, such as tennis courts, playgrounds, and trails, and other similar structures.
(c)  Cutback asphalt shall not be manufactured, mixed, stored, used, or applied except where:
(1)	long-life, of one month or more, stockpile storage is necessary;
(2)	the use or application at ambient temperatures less than 50°F, as measured at the nearest National Weather Service Field Local Office or Federal Aviation Administration Surface Weather Observation Station, is necessary;
(3)	the cutback asphalt is to be used solely as a penetrating prime coat; or
(4)	the user can demonstrate to the Director that there are no volatile organic compound emissions under conditions of normal use.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1979;
Amended Eff. December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985; June 1, 1980;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0932	GASOLINE CARGO TANKS AND VAPOR COLLECTION SYSTEMS
(a)  For the purposes of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Bottom filling" means the filling of a cargo tank or stationary storage tank through an opening flush with the tank bottom.
(2)	"Bulk gasoline plant" means a gasoline storage and distribution facility with an average daily throughput of less than 20,000 gallons of gasoline and that typically receives gasoline from bulk terminals by trailer transport, stores it in tanks, and subsequently dispenses it via account cargo tanks to local farms, businesses, and service stations.
(3)	"Bulk gasoline terminal" means:
(A)	a pipeline breakout station of an interstate oil pipeline facility; or
(B)	a gasoline storage facility that typically receives gasoline from refineries primarily by pipeline, ship, or barge; delivers gasoline to bulk gasoline plants or to commercial or retail accounts primarily by cargo tank; and has an average daily throughput of more than 20,000 gallons of gasoline.
(4)	"Cargo tank" means the storage vessels of freight trucks or trailers used to transport gasoline from sources of supply to stationary storage tanks of bulk gasoline terminals, bulk gasoline plants, gasoline dispensing facilities, and gasoline service stations.
(5)	"Cargo tank testing facility" means any facility complying with registration in 49 CFR Part 107, Subpart F.
(6)	"Cargo tank vapor collection equipment" means any piping, hoses, and devices on the cargo tank used to collect and route gasoline vapors in the tank to or from the bulk gasoline terminal, bulk gasoline plant, gasoline dispensing facility, or gasoline service station vapor control system or vapor balance system.
(7)	"Gasoline" means any petroleum distillate having a Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) of 4.0 psi or greater.
(8)	"Gasoline dispensing facility" means any site where gasoline is dispensed to motor vehicle gasoline tanks from stationary storage tanks.
(9)	"Gasoline service station" means any gasoline dispensing facility where gasoline is sold to the motoring public from stationary storage tanks.
(10)	"Vapor balance system" means a combination of pipes or hoses that create a closed system between the vapor spaces of an unloading tank and a receiving tank such that vapors displaced from the receiving tank are transferred to the tank being unloaded.
(11)	"Vapor collection system" means a vapor balance system or any other system used to collect and control emissions of volatile organic compounds.
(b)  This Rule applies to gasoline cargo tanks that are equipped for vapor collection and to vapor control systems at bulk gasoline terminals, bulk gasoline plants, gasoline dispensing facilities, and gasoline service stations equipped with vapor balance or vapor control systems.
(c)  For cargo tanks, the following requirements shall apply:
(1)	Gasoline cargo tanks and their vapor collection systems shall be tested annually by a cargo tank testing facility. The facility shall follow the test procedure as defined by 15A NCAC 02D .2615 to certify the gasoline cargo tank leak tight. The gasoline cargo tank shall not be used unless it is certified leak tight.
(2)	Each gasoline cargo tank that has been certified leak tight according to Subparagraph (1) of this Paragraph shall display a sticker near the Department of Transportation certification plate required by 49 CFR 180.415.
(3)	There shall be no liquid leaks from any gasoline cargo tank.
(4)	Any cargo tank with a leak equal to or greater than 100 percent of the lower explosive limit, as detected by a combustible gas detector using the test procedure described in 15A NCAC 02D .2615 shall not be used beyond 15 days after the leak has been discovered, unless the leak has been repaired and the cargo tank has been certified to be leak tight according to Subparagraph (1) of this Paragraph.
(5)	The owner or operator of a gasoline cargo tank with a vapor collection system shall maintain records of all leak testing and repairs. The records shall identify the gasoline cargo tank, the date of the test or repair, and, if applicable, the type of repair and the date of retest. The records of leak tests shall include:
(A)	the name, address, and telephone number of cargo tank testing facility performing the leak test;
(B)	the name and signature of the individual performing the leak test;
(C)	the name and address of the owner of the tank;
(D)	the identification number of the tank;
(E)	the documentation of tests performed including the date and summary of results;
(F)	the continued qualification statement and returned to service status; and
(G)	a list or description of identified corrective repairs to the tank. If none are performed then the report shall state "no corrective repairs performed."
(6)	A copy of the most recent leak testing report shall be kept with the cargo tank. The owner or operator of the cargo tank shall also file a copy of the most recent leak testing report with each bulk gasoline terminal that loads the cargo tank. The records shall be maintained for at least two years after the date of the testing or repair, and copies of such records shall be made available within a reasonable time to the Director upon written request.
(d)  For bulk gasoline terminals and bulk gasoline plants equipped with vapor balance or vapor control systems, the following requirements shall apply:
(1)	The vapor collection system and vapor control system shall be designed and operated to prevent gauge pressure in the cargo tank from exceeding 18 inches of water and to prevent a vacuum of greater than six inches of water.
(2)	During loading and unloading operations there shall be:
(A)	no vapor leakage from the vapor collection system such that a reading equal to or greater than 100 percent of the lower explosive limit at one inch around the perimeter of each potential leak source as detected by a combustible gas detector using the test procedure described in 15A NCAC 02D .2615; and
(B)	no liquid leaks.
(3)	If a leak is discovered that exceeds the limit in Subparagraph (2) of this Paragraph:
(A)	For bulk gasoline plants, the vapor collection system or vapor control system shall not be used beyond 15 days after the leak has been discovered, unless the leak has been repaired and the system has been retested and found to comply with Subparagraph (2) of this Paragraph;
(B)	For bulk gasoline terminals, the vapor collection system or vapor control system shall be repaired following the procedures in 15A NCAC 02D .0927.
(4)	The owner or operator of a vapor collection system at a bulk gasoline plant or a bulk gasoline terminal shall test, according to 15A NCAC 02D .0912, the vapor collection system at least once per year. If after two complete annual checks no more than 10 leaks are found, the Director shall allow less frequent monitoring. If more than 20 leaks are found, the Director shall require the frequency of monitoring be increased.
(5)	The owner or operator of vapor control systems at bulk gasoline terminals, bulk gasoline plants, gasoline dispensing facilities, and gasoline service stations equipped with vapor balance or vapor control systems shall maintain records of all certification testing and repairs. The records shall identify each vapor collection system, or vapor control system; the date of the test or repair; and, if applicable, the type of repair and the date of retest.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1980;
Amended Eff. August 1, 2008; June 1, 2008; January 1, 2007; April 1, 2003; August 1, 2002; July 1, 1994; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2023; October 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0933	PETROLEUM LIQUID STORAGE IN EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF TANKS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Condensate" means hydrocarbon liquid separated from natural gas that condenses due to changes in the temperature or pressure and remains liquid at standard conditions.
(2)	"Crude oil" means a naturally occurring mixture consisting of hydrocarbons or sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen derivatives of hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof that is a liquid in the reservoir at standard conditions.
(3)	"Custody transfer" means the transfer of produced crude oil or condensate, after processing or treating in the producing operations, from storage tanks or automatic transfer facilities to pipelines or any other forms of transportation.
(4)	"External floating roof" means a storage vessel cover in an open top tank consisting of a double deck or pontoon single deck that rests upon and is supported by the petroleum liquid being contained and is equipped with a closure seal or seals to close the space between the roof edge and tank shell.
(5)	"Internal floating roof" means a cover or roof in a fixed roof tank that rests upon or is floated upon the petroleum liquid being contained, and is equipped with a closure seal or seals to close the space between the roof edge and tank shell.
(6)	"Liquid-mounted seal" means a primary seal mounted so the bottom of the seal covers the liquid surface between the tank shell and the floating roof.
(7)	"Petroleum liquids" means crude oil, condensate, and any finished or intermediate products manufactured or extracted in a petroleum refinery.
(8)	"Vapor-mounted seal" means a primary seal mounted so there is an annular vapor space underneath the seal. The annular vapor space is bounded by the bottom of the primary seal, the tank shell, the liquid surface, and the floating roof.
(b)  This Rule applies to all external floating roof tanks with capacities greater than 950 barrels containing petroleum liquids whose true vapor pressure exceed 1.52 pounds per square inch absolute.
(c)  This Rule does not apply to petroleum liquid storage vessels:
(1)	that have external floating roofs that have capacities less than 10,000 barrels and that are used to store produced crude oil and condensate prior to custody transfer;
(2)	that have external floating roofs and that store waxy, heavy-pour crudes;
(3)	that have external floating roofs, and that contain a petroleum liquid with a true vapor pressure less than 4.0 pounds per square inch absolute; and:
(A)	the tanks are of welded construction; and
(B)	the primary seal is a metallic-type shoe seal, a liquid-mounted foam seal, a liquid-mounted filled type seal, or any other closure device of demonstrated equivalence; or
(4)	that have fixed roofs with or without internal floating roofs.
(d)  With the exceptions stated in Paragraph (c) of this Rule, an external floating roof tank subject to this Rule shall not be used unless:
(1)	The tank has:
(A)	a continuous secondary seal extending from the floating roof to the tank wall, known as a rim-mounted secondary seal;
(B)	a metallic-type shoe primary seal and a secondary seal from the top of the shoe seal to the tank wall, known as a shoe-mounted secondary seal; or
(C)	a closure or other control device demonstrated to have an efficiency equal to or greater than that required under Part (A) or (B) of this Subparagraph;
(2)	The seal closure devices meet the following requirements:
(A)	There shall be no visible holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or seal fabric;
(B)	The seal shall be intact and uniformly in place around the circumference of the floating roof between the floating roof and the tank wall; and
(C)	For vapor mounted primary seals, any gaps exceeding 0.125 inch in width between the secondary seal and the tank wall shall not exceed 1.0 square inch per foot of tank diameter;
(3)	All openings in the external floating roof, except for automatic bleeder vents, rim space vents, and leg sleeves, are:
(A)	provided with a projection below the liquid surface; and
(B)	equipped with covers, seals, or lids that remain in a closed position at all times except when in actual use;
(4)	Automatic bleeder vents are closed at all times except when the roof is floated off or landed on the roof leg supports;
(5)	Rim vents are set to open only when the roof is being floated off the roof leg supports or at the manufacturer's recommended setting;
(6)	Any emergency roof drains are provided with slotted membrane fabric covers or equivalent covers that cover at least 90 percent of the area at the opening;
(7)	Planned routine visual inspections to verify the conditions of the seal are conducted once per month;
(8)	For tanks equipped with a vapor-mounted primary seal, the secondary seal gap measurements are made annually in accordance with Paragraph (e) of this Rule; and
(9)	Records are maintained pursuant to 15A NCAC 02D .0903, including:
(A)	reports of the results of inspections conducted under Subparagraphs (7) and (8) of this Paragraph;
(B)	a record of the average monthly storage temperature and the true vapor pressures or Reid vapor pressures of the petroleum liquids stored; and
(C)	records of the throughput quantities and types of petroleum liquids for each storage vessel.
(e)  The secondary seal gap area shall be determined by measuring the length and width of the gaps around the entire circumference of the secondary seal. Only gaps equal to or greater than 0.125 inch shall be used in computing the gap area. The area of the gaps shall be accumulated to determine compliance with Part (d)(2)(C) of this Rule.
(f)  The owner or operator of a petroleum liquid storage vessel with an external floating roof that is not equipped with a secondary seal or approved alternative and contains a petroleum liquid with a true vapor pressure greater than 1.0 pound per square inch shall maintain records of the average monthly storage temperature, the type of liquid, throughput quantities, and the maximum true vapor pressure for all petroleum liquids with a true vapor pressure greater than 1.0 pound per square inch.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1980;
Amended Eff. June 1, 2004; July 1, 1994; March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0935	FACTORY SURFACE COATING OF FLAT WOOD PANELING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Flat wood paneling coatings" means wood paneling product that are any interior, exterior, or tileboard (class I hardboard) panel to which a protective, decorative, or functional material or layer has been applied.
(2)	"Hardboard" is a panel manufactured primarily from inter felted lignocellulosic fibers that are consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot-press.
(3)	"Tileboard" means a premium interior wall paneling product made of hardboard that is used in high moisture area or areas of the home.
(b)  This Rule applies to each flat wood paneling coatings source whose volatile organic compounds emissions meet the threshold established in 15A NCAC 02D .0902(b) at the facilities with flat wood paneling coating applications for the following products:
(1)	class II finishes on hardboard panels;
(2)	exterior siding;
(3)	natural finish hardwood plywood panels;
(4)	printed interior panels made of hardwood, plywood, and thin particleboard; and
(5)	tileboard made of hardboard.
(c)  Emissions of volatile organic compounds from any facility finished flat wood product operation subject to this Rule shall not exceed 2.1 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon material, excluding water and exempt compounds or 2.9 pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon solids.
(d)  EPA Method 24 of Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 60 shall be used to determine the volatile organic compounds content of coating materials used at surface coating of flat wood paneling facilities, unless the facility maintains records to document the volatile organic compounds content of coating materials from the manufacturer.
(e)  Any facility meeting applicability requirements of Paragraph (b) of this Rule that has chosen to use add-on controls for flat wood paneling coating operation rather than the emission limits established in Paragraph (c) of this Rule shall install control equipment with an overall control efficiency of 90 percent or use a combination of coating and add-on control equipment on a flat wood paneling coating operation to meet limits established in Paragraph (c) of this Rule.
(f)  The owner or operator of any facility subject to this Rule shall comply with 15A NCAC 02D .0903 and .0958.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1980;
Amended Eff. September 1, 2010; July 1, 1996; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0937	MANUFACTURE OF PNEUMATIC RUBBER TIRES
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Bead dipping" means the dipping of an assembled tire bead into a solvent-based cement.
(2)	"Green tires" means assembled tires before molding and curing.
(3)	"Green tire spraying" means spray coating release compounds inside and outside of green tires to remove air during the molding process and prevent the tire from sticking to the mold after curing completion.
(4)	"Pneumatic rubber tire manufacture" means the production of passenger car tires, light and medium truck tires, and other tires manufactured on assembly lines.
(5)	"Tread end cementing" means the application of a solvent-based cement to the tire tread ends.
(6)	"Undertread cementing" means the application of a solvent-based cement to the underside of a tire tread.
(b)  This Rule applies to undertread cementing, tread end cementing, bead dipping, and green tire spraying operations of pneumatic rubber tire manufacturing.
(c)  Emissions of volatile organic compounds from any pneumatic rubber tire manufacturing plant shall not exceed:
(1)	25 grams of volatile organic compounds per tire from each undertread cementing operation;
(2)	4.0 grams of volatile organic compounds per tire from each tread end cementing operation;
(3)	1.9 grams of volatile organic compounds per tire from each bead dipping operation; or
(4)	24 grams of volatile organic compounds per tire from each green tire spraying operation.
(d)  If the total volatile organic compound emissions from all undertread cementing, tread end cementing, bead dipping, and green tire spraying operations at a pneumatic rubber tire manufacturing facility does not exceed 50 grams per tire, Paragraph (c) of this Rule shall not apply.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1980;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1996; December 1, 1989; January 1, 1985.
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0943	SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICAL AND POLYMER MANUFACTURING
(a)  For the purposes of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Closed vent system" means a system that is not open to the atmosphere and is composed of piping, connections, and if necessary, flow inducing devices that transport gas or vapor from a fugitive emission source to an enclosed combustion device or vapor recovery system.
(2)	"Enclosed combustion device" means any combustion device that is not open to the atmosphere such as a process heater or furnace, but not a flare.
(3)	"Fugitive emission source" means each pump, valve, safety/relief valve, open-ended valve, flange or other connector, compressor, or sampling system.
(4)	"In gas vapor service" means that the fugitive emission source contains process fluid that is in the gaseous state at operating conditions.
(5)	"In light liquid service" means that the fugitive emission source contains a liquid having:
(A)	a vapor pressure of one or more of the components greater than 0.3 kilopascals at 20 degrees C; and
(B)	a total concentration of the pure components having a vapor pressure greater than 0.3 kilopascals at 20 degrees C equal to or greater than 10 percent by weight, and the fluid is a liquid at operating conditions.
(6)	"Open-ended valve" means any valve, except safety/relief valves, with one side of the valve seat in contact with process fluid and one side that is open to the atmosphere, either directly or through open piping.
(7)	"Polymer manufacturing" means the industry that produces, as intermediates or final products, polyethylene, polypropylene, or polystyrene.
(8)	"Process unit" means equipment assembled to produce, as intermediates or final products, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, or one or more of the chemicals listed in 40 CFR 60.489. A process unit can operate independently if supplied with sufficient feed or raw materials and sufficient storage facilities for the final product.
(9)	"Quarter" means a three-month period. The first quarter concludes at the end of the last full month during the 180 days following initial start-up.
(10)	"Synthetic organic chemical manufacturing" means the industry that produces, as intermediates or final products, one or more of the chemicals listed in 40 CFR Part 60.489.
(b)  This Rule applies to synthetic organic chemicals manufacturing facilities and polymer manufacturing facilities.
(c)  The owner or operator of a synthetic organic chemical manufacturing facility or a polymer manufacturing facility shall not cause, allow, or permit:
(1)	any liquid leakage of volatile organic compounds; or
(2)	any gaseous leakage of volatile organic compound of 10,000 ppm or greater from any fugitive emission source.
The owner or operator of these facilities shall control emissions of volatile organic compounds from open-ended valves as described in Paragraph (f) of this Rule.
(d)  The owner or operator shall visually inspect each week every pump in light liquid service. If there are indications of liquid leakage, the owner or operator shall repair the pump within 15 days after detection, except as provided in Paragraph (k) of this Rule.
(e)  Using procedures in 15A NCAC 02D .2600, the owner or operator shall monitor each pump, valve, compressor and safety/relief valve in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service for gaseous leaks at least once each quarter. The owner or operator shall monitor safety/relief valves after each overpressure relief to ensure the valve has properly reseated. If a volatile organic compound concentration of 10,000 ppm or greater is measured, the owner or operator shall repair the component within 15 days after detection, except as provided in Paragraph (k) of this Rule. Exceptions to the quarterly monitoring frequency are provided for in Paragraphs (h), (i), and (j) of this Rule.
(f)  The owner or operator shall install on each open-ended valve:
(1)	a cap;
(2)	a blind flange;
(3)	a plug; or
(4)	a second closed valve that shall remain attached to seal the open end at all times except during operations requiring process fluid flow through the opened line.
(g)  If any fugitive emission source appears to be leaking on the basis of sight, smell, or sound, it shall be repaired within 15 days after detection, except as provided in Paragraph (k) of this Rule.
(h)  If after four consecutive quarters of monitoring, no more than two percent of the valves in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service are found leaking more than 10,000 ppm of volatile organic compounds, then the owner or operator may monitor valves for gaseous leaks only every third quarter. If the number of these valves leaking more than 10,000 ppm of volatile organic compounds remains at or below two percent, these valves need only be monitored for gaseous leaks every third quarter. However, if more than two percent of these valves are found leaking more than 10,000 ppm of volatile organic compounds, they shall be monitored every quarter until four consecutive quarters are monitored that have no more than two percent of these valves leaking more than 10,000 ppm of volatile organic compounds.
(i)  When a fugitive emission source is unsafe to monitor because of extreme temperatures, pressures, or other reasons, the owner or operator of the facility shall monitor the fugitive emission source only when process conditions are such that the fugitive emission source is not operating under extreme conditions. The Director may allow monitoring of these fugitive emission sources less frequently than each quarter, provided they are monitored at least once per year.
(j)  Any fugitive emission source more than 12 feet above a permanent support surface shall be monitored once per year.
(k)  The repair of a fugitive emission source may be delayed until the next turnaround if the repair is technically infeasible without a complete or partial shutdown of the process unit.
(l)  The owner or operator of the facility shall maintain records in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0903, which shall include:
(1)	an identification of the source being inspected or monitored;
(2)	the dates of inspection or monitoring;
(3)	the results of inspection or monitoring;
(4)	the action taken if a leak was detected;
(5)	the type of repair made and when it was completed; and
(6)	if the repair was delayed, an explanation as to why.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. May 1, 1985;
Amended Eff. June 1, 2008; March 1, 1991; December 1, 1989;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020;
Amended Eff. October 1, 2022.

15A NCAC 02D .0944	MANUFACTURE OF POLYETHYLENE: POLYPROPYLENE AND POLYSTYRENE
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"By-product and diluent recovery operation" means the process that separates the diluent from the by-product (atactic) and purifies and dries the diluent for recycle.
(2)	"Continuous mixer" means the process that mixes polymer with anti-oxidants.
(3)	"Decanter" means the process that separates the diluent/crude product slurry from the alcohol-water solution by decantation.
(4)	"Ethylene recycle treater" means the process that removes water and other impurities from the recovered ethylene.
(5)	"High-density polyethylene plants using liquid phase slurry processes" means plants that produce high-density polyethylene in which the product, polyethylene, is carried as a slurry in a continuous stream of process diluent, usually pentane or isobutane.
(6)	"Neutralizer" means the process that removes catalyst residue from the diluent/crude product slurry.
(7)	"Polypropylene plants using liquid phase process" means plants that produce polypropylene in which the product, polypropylene, is carried as a slurry in a continuous stream of process diluent, usually hexane.
(8)	"Polystyrene plants using continuous processes" means plants that produce polystyrene in which the product, polystyrene, is transferred in a continuous stream in a molten state.
(9)	"Product devolatilizer system" means the process that separates unreacted styrene monomer and by products from the polymer melt.
(10)	"Reactor" means the process in which the polymerization takes place.
(b)  This Rule applies to:
(1)	polypropylene plants using liquid phase processes;
(2)	high-density polyethylene plants using liquid phase slurry processes; and
(3)	polystyrene plants using continuous processes.
(c)  For polypropylene plants subject to this Rule, the emissions of volatile organic compounds shall be reduced by 98 percent by weight or to 20 ppm, whichever is less stringent, from:
(1)	reactor vents;
(2)	decanter vents;
(3)	neutralizer vents;
(4)	by-product and diluent recovery operation vents;
(5)	dryer vents; and
(6)	extrusion and pelletizing vents.
(d)  For high-density polyethylene plants subject to this Rule, the emissions of volatile organic compounds shall be reduced by 98 percent by weight or to 20 ppm, whichever is less stringent, from:
(1)	ethylene recycle treater vents;
(2)	dryer vents; and
(3)	continuous mixer vents.
(e)  For polystyrene plants subject to this Rule, the emissions of volatile organic compounds shall not exceed 0.24 pounds per ton of product from the product devolatilizer system.
(f)  If flares are used to comply with this Rule, all of the following conditions shall be met:
(1)	visible emissions shall not exceed five minutes in any two-hour period;
(2)	a flame in the flare shall be present;
(3)	if the flame is steam-assisted or air-assisted, the net heating value shall be at least 300 Btu per standard cubic foot. If the flame is non-assisted, the net heating value shall be at least 200 Btu per standard cubic foot; and
(4)	if the flare is steam-assisted or non-assisted, the exit velocity shall be no more than 60 feet per second. If the flare is air-assisted, the exit velocity shall be no more than (8.706 + 0.7084 HT) feet per second, where HT is the net heating value.
A flare that meets the conditions given in Subparagraphs (1) through (4) of this Paragraph are presumed to achieve 98 percent destruction of volatile organic compounds by weight. If the owner or operator of the source chooses to use a flare that fails to meet one or more of these conditions, he or she shall demonstrate to the Director that the flare shall destroy at least 98 percent of the volatile organic compounds by weight. To determine if the specifications for the flare are being met, the owner or operator of a source using the flare to control volatile organic compound emissions shall install, operate, and maintain necessary monitoring instruments and shall keep records as required by 15A NCAC 02D .0903.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. May 1, 1985;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020;
Amended Eff. October 1, 2022.

15A NCAC 02D .0945	PETROLEUM DRY CLEANING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Cartridge filter" means perforated canisters containing filtration paper or filter paper and activated carbon that are used in a pressurized system to remove solid particles and fugitive dyes from soil-laden solvent, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of this device.
(2)	"Containers and conveyors of solvent" means piping, ductwork, pumps, storage tanks, and other ancillary equipment that are associated with the installation and operation of washers, dryers, filters, stills, and settling tanks.
(3)	"Dry cleaning" means a process for the cleaning of textiles and fabric products in which articles are washed in a non-aqueous solution or solvent and then dried by exposure to a heated air stream.
(4)	"Dryer" means a machine used to remove petroleum solvent from articles of clothing or other textile or leather goods, after washing and removing of excess petroleum solvent, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of this device.
(5)	"Perceptible leaks" means any petroleum solvent vapor or liquid leaks that are visible, such as pools or droplets of liquid, open containers of solvent, or solvent laden waste standing open to the atmosphere, or bubble after application of a soap solution.
(6)	"Petroleum solvent" means organic material produced by petroleum distillation comprising of a hydrocarbon range of eight to 12 carbon atoms per organic molecule that exists as a liquid under standard conditions.
(7)	"Petroleum solvent dry cleaning" means a dry cleaning facility that uses petroleum solvent in a combination of washers, dryers, filters, stills, and settling tanks.
(8)	"Settling tank" means a container that gravimetrically separates oils, grease, and dirt from petroleum solvent, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of the device.
(9)	"Solvent filter" means a discrete solvent filter unit containing a porous medium which traps and removes contaminants from petroleum solvent, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of this device.
(10)	"Solvent recovery dryer" means a class of dry cleaning dryers that employs a condenser to condense and recover solvent vapors evaporated in a closed-loop stream of heated air, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of this device.
(11)	"Still" means a device used to volatilize, separate, and recover petroleum solvent from contaminated solvent, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of this device.
(12)	"Washer" means a machine that agitates fabric articles in a petroleum solvent bath and spins the articles to remove the solvent, together with the piping and ductwork used in the installation of this device.
(b)  This Rule applies to petroleum solvent washers, dryers, solvent filters, settling tanks, stills, and other containers and conveyors of petroleum solvent that are used in petroleum solvent dry cleaning facilities that consume 32,500 gallons or more of petroleum solvent annually.
(c)  The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent dry cleaning dryer subject to this Rule shall:
(1)	limit emissions of volatile organic compounds to the atmosphere to an average of 3.5 pounds of volatile organic compounds per 100 pounds dry weight of articles dry cleaned; or
(2)	install and operate a solvent recovery dryer in a manner such that the dryer remains closed and the recovery phase continues until a final recovered solvent flow rate of 50 milliliters per minute is attained.
(d)  The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent filter subject to this Rule shall:
(1)	reduce the volatile organic compound content in all filter wastes to 1.0 pound or less per 100 pounds dry weight of articles dry cleaned, before disposal and exposure to the atmosphere; or
(2)	install and operate a cartridge filter and drain the filter cartridges in their sealed housings for eight hours or more before their removal.
(e)  The owner or operator of a petroleum solvent dry cleaning facility subject to this Rule shall inspect the facility every 15 days and shall repair all perceptible leaks within 15 business days after identifying the sources of the leaks. If the necessary repair parts are not on hand, the owner or operator shall order these parts within 15 business days and repair the leaks no later than 15 business days following the arrival of the necessary parts. The owner or operator shall maintain records, in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0903, of when the inspections were performed, what equipment was inspected, leaks found, repairs made, and when the repairs were completed.
(f)  To determine compliance with Subparagraph (c)(1) of this Rule, the owner or operator shall use the appropriate test method in 15A NCAC 02D .2613(g) and shall:
(1)	field calibrate the flame ionization analyzer with propane standards;
(2)	determine in a laboratory the ratio of the flame ionization analyzer response to a given parts per million by volume concentration of propane to the response to the same parts per million concentration of the volatile organic compounds to be measured;
(3)	determine the weight of volatile organic compounds vented to the atmosphere by:
(A)	multiplying the ratio determined in Subparagraph (2) of this Paragraph by the measured concentration of volatile organic compound gas, as propane, as indicated by the flame ionization analyzer response output record;
(B)	converting the parts per million by volume value calculated in Part (A) of this Subparagraph into a mass concentration value for the volatile organic compounds present; and
(C)	multiplying the mass concentration value calculated in Part (B) of this Subparagraph by the exhaust flow rate; and
(4)	calculate and record the dry weight of articles dry cleaned. The test shall be repeated for normal operating conditions that encompass at least 30 dryer loads that total not less than 4,000 pounds dry weight and represent a normal range of variation in fabrics, solvents, load weights, temperatures, flow rates, and process deviations.
(g)  To determine compliance with Subparagraph (c)(2) of this Rule, the owner or operator shall verify that the flow rate of recovered solvent from the solvent recovery dryer at the termination of the recovery phase is no greater than 50 milliliters per minute. This one-time procedure shall be conducted for a duration of not less than two weeks during which not less than 50 percent of the dryer loads shall be monitored for their final recovered solvent flow rate. Near the end of the recovery cycle, the flow of recovered solvent shall be diverted to a graduated cylinder. The cycle shall continue until the minimum flow of solvent is 50 milliliters per minute. The type of articles cleaned and the total length of the cycle shall be recorded and retained in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0903.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. May 1, 1985;
Amended Eff. June 1, 2008;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020;
Amended Eff. October 1, 2022.

15A NCAC 02D .0947	MANUFACTURE OF SYNTHESIZED PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Production equipment exhaust system" means a device for collecting and directing out of the work area fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds from reactor openings, centrifuge openings, and other vessel openings for the purpose of protecting workers from excessive exposure to volatile organic compounds.
(2)	"Synthesized pharmaceutical products manufacturing" means manufacture of pharmaceutical products by chemical synthesis.
(b)  This Rule applies to synthesized pharmaceutical products manufacturing facilities.
(c)  The owner or operator of a synthesized pharmaceutical products manufacturing facility shall control the emissions of volatile organic compounds from:
(1)	reactors, distillation operations, crystallizers, centrifuges, and vacuum dryers that have the potential to emit 15 pounds per day or more of volatile organic compounds with surface condensers that meet the requirements of Paragraph (e) of this Rule or equivalent controls;
(2)	air dryers and production equipment exhaust system by reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds:
(A)	by 90 percent if they are 330 pounds per day or more; or
(B)	to 33 pounds per day if they are less than 330 pounds per day;
(3)	storage tanks by:
(A)	providing a vapor balance system or equivalent control that is at least 90 percent effective in reducing emissions from truck or railcar deliveries to storage tanks with capacities greater than 2,000 gallons storing volatile organic compounds with a vapor pressure greater than 4.1 pounds per square inch at 68° F; and
(B)	installing pressure/vacuum conservation vents, which shall be set at plus or minus 0.8 inches of water unless a more effective control system is used, on all storage tanks that store volatile organic compounds with a vapor pressure greater than 1.5 pounds per square inch at 68°F;
(4)	centrifuges containing volatile organic compounds, rotary vacuum filters processing liquid containing volatile organic compounds, and other filters having an exposed liquid surface where the liquid contains volatile organic compounds by enclosing those centrifuges and filters that contain or process volatile organic compounds with a vapor pressure of 0.5 pounds per square inch or more at 68°F; and
(5)	in-process tanks by installing covers, which shall remain closed except when production, sampling, maintenance, or inspection procedures require operator access.
(d)  The owner or operator of a synthesized pharmaceutical products manufacturing facility shall repair as expeditiously as possible all leaks from which liquid volatile organic compounds can be seen running or dripping. This repair shall take place at least within 15 days after which said leak is discovered, unless the leaking component cannot be repaired before the process is shutdown, in which case the leaking component must be repaired before the process is restarted.
(e)  If surface condensers are used to comply with Subparagraph (c)(1) of this Rule, the condenser outlet temperature shall not exceed:
(1)	-13°F when condensing volatile organic compounds of vapor pressure greater than 5.8 pounds per square inch at 68°F;
(2)	5°F when condensing volatile organic compounds of vapor pressure greater than 2.9 pounds per square inch at 68°F;
(3)	32°F when condensing volatile organic compounds of vapor pressure greater than 1.5 pounds per square inch at 68°F;
(4)	50°F when condensing volatile organic compounds of vapor pressure greater than 1.0 pounds per square inch at 68°F; or
(5)	77°F when condensing volatile organic compounds of vapor pressure greater than 0.5 pounds per square inch at 68°F.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1994;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0948	VOC EMISSIONS FROM TRANSFER OPERATIONS
(a)  This Rule applies to operations transferring volatile organic compounds from a storage tank to cargo tanks or railroad tank cars not specified by 15A NCAC 02D .0926, .0927, or .0928.
(b)  The owner or operator of a facility to which this Rule applies shall not load in any one day more than 20,000 gallons of volatile organic compounds with a vapor pressure of 1.5 pounds per square inch or greater under actual conditions into any cargo tank or railroad tank car from any loading operation unless the loading uses submerged loading through boom loaders extending down into the compartment being loaded or by other methods at least as efficient based on source testing or engineering calculations.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1994;
Amended Eff. July 1, 2000;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0949	STORAGE OF MISCELLANEOUS VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
(a)  This Rule applies to the storage of volatile organic compounds in stationary tanks, reservoirs, or other containers with a capacity greater than 50,000 gallons not regulated by 15A NCAC 02D .0925 or .0933.
(b)  The owner or operator of any source shall not place, store, or hold in any stationary tank, reservoir, or other container with a capacity greater than 50,000 gallons, any liquid volatile organic compound with a vapor pressure of 1.5 pounds per square inch absolute or greater under actual storage conditions unless such tank, reservoir, or other container:
(1)	is a pressure tank capable of maintaining working pressures to prevent vapor gas loss into the atmosphere at all times; or
(2)	is designed and equipped with one of the following vapor loss control devices:
(A)	a floating pontoon, double deck type floating roof, or internal pan type floating roof equipped with closure seals to enclose any space between the cover's edge and compartment wall. This control equipment shall not be permitted for volatile organic compounds with a vapor pressure of 11.0 pounds per square inch absolute or greater under actual storage conditions. All tank gauging or sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when tank gauging or sampling is taking place; or
(B)	a vapor recovery system or other equipment or means of air pollution control that reduces the emission of organic materials into the atmosphere by at least 90 percent by weight. All tank gauging or sampling devices shall be gas-tight except when tank gauging or sampling is taking place.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1994;
Amended Eff. July 1, 2000;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020;
Amended Eff. October 1, 2022.

15A NCAC 02D .0951	RACT FOR SOURCES OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
(a)  Facilities required to install reasonably available control technology pursuant to 15A NCAC 02D .0902(f) shall determine the emissions control level according to this Rule. If the only other applicable emissions control rule in this Section for the facility is 15A NCAC 02D .0958, then both this Rule and 15A NCAC 02D .0958 apply.
(b)  This Rule does not apply to architectural or maintenance coatings.
(c)  The owner or operator of any facility to which this Rule applies shall comply by either of the following:
(1)	install and operate reasonably available control technology as set forth by category-specific emission standards defined in this Section; or
(2)	install and operate alternative reasonably available control technology based on the Division's technical analysis of the information provided in Paragraph (d) of this Rule. All reasonably available control technology demonstrations, and any modifications or changes to those determinations, approved or determined by the Division pursuant to this Subparagraph and Paragraph (d) of this Rule, shall be submitted by the Division to the U.S. EPA as a revision to the State Implementation Plan. No reasonably available control technology demonstration, nor any modification or change to a demonstration, approved or determined by the Division pursuant to this Subparagraph, shall revise the State Implementation Plan or be used as a State Implementation Plan credit, until it is approved by the U.S. EPA as a state implementation plan revision.
(d)  If the owner or operator of a facility chooses to install reasonably available control technology under Subparagraph (c)(2) of this Rule, the owner or operator shall submit to the Director:
(1)	the name and location of the facility;
(2)	information identifying the source for which a reasonably available control technology limitation or standard is being proposed;
(3)	a demonstration that shows the proposed reasonably available control technology limitation or standard advances attainment equivalent to or better than application of requirements under Subparagraph (c)(1) of this Rule; and
(4)	a proposal for demonstrating compliance with the proposed reasonably available control technology limitation or standard.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1994;
Amended Eff. May 1, 2013; September 1, 2010; July 1, 2000; July 1, 1996;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0952	PETITION FOR ALTERNATIVE CONTROLS FOR RACT
(a)  This Rule applies to all sources regulated by this Section.
(b)  If the owner or operator of any source of volatile organic compounds subject to the requirements of this Section can demonstrate that compliance with rules in this Section would be technologically or economically infeasible, he or she may petition the Director to allow the use of alternative operational or equipment controls for the reduction of volatile organic compound emissions.
(c)  The petition shall include:
(1)	the name and address of the company and the name and telephone number of the petitioner;
(2)	a description of all operations conducted at the location to which the petition applies and the purpose that the volatile organic compound emitting equipment serves within the operations;
(3)	reference to the specific operational and equipment controls under the rules of this Section for which alternative operational or equipment controls are proposed;
(4)	a description of the proposed alternative operational or equipment controls, the magnitude of volatile organic compound emission reduction that will be achieved, and the quantity and composition of volatile organic compounds that will be emitted if the alternative operational or equipment controls are instituted;
(5)	a plan, which will be instituted in addition to the proposed alternative operational or equipment controls, to reduce, where technologically and economically feasible, volatile organic compound emissions from other source operations at the facility, further than that required by the rules of this Section, if these sources exist at the facility, such that aggregate volatile organic compound emissions from the facility will in no case be greater through application of the alternative control than would be allowed through conformance with the rules of this Section;
(6)	a schedule for the installation or institution of the alternative operational or equipment controls in conformance with 15A NCAC 02D .0909, as applicable; and
(7)	certification that emissions of all other air contaminants from the subject source are in compliance with all applicable local, State, and federal laws and regulations.
The petition may include a copy of the permit application.
(d)  The Director shall approve a petition for alternative control if:
(1)	the petition is submitted in accordance with Paragraph (c) of this Rule;
(2)	the Director determines that the petitioner cannot comply with the rules in question because of technological or economical infeasibility;
(3)	all other air contaminant emissions from the facility are in compliance with, or under a schedule for compliance as expeditiously as practicable with, all applicable local, State, and federal regulations; and
(4)	the petition contains a schedule for achieving and maintaining reduction of volatile organic compound emissions to the maximum extent feasible and as expeditiously as practicable.
(e)  When controls different from those specified in the appropriate emission standards in this Section are approved by the Director, the permit shall contain a condition stating such controls.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a)(5);
Eff. July 1, 1994;
Amended Eff. September 1, 2010; January 1, 2009; April 1, 2003; July 1, 1995; May 1, 1995;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0955	THREAD BONDING MANUFACTURING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions apply:
(1)	"Capture hoods" means any device designed to remove emissions from the solution bath tray areas during the manufacturing process.
(2)	"Curing" means exposing coated threads to high temperatures in an oven until the nylon solution mixture hardens, vaporizing the solvents, and bonds to the threads.
(3)	"Day tanks" means holding tanks that contain nylon solution mixture ready for use.
(4)	"Drying ovens" means any apparatus through which the coated threads are conveyed while curing.
(5)	"Enclose" means to construct an area within the plant that has a separate ventilation system and is maintained at a slightly negative pressure.
(6)	"Fugitive emissions" means emissions that cannot be collected and routed to a control system.
(7)	"Nylon thread coating process" means a process in which threads are coated with a nylon solution and oven cured.
(8)	"Permanent label" means a label that cannot be easily removed or defaced by any person.
(9)	"Polyester solution mixture" means a mixture of polyester and solvents that is used for thread coating.
(10)	"Storing" means reserving material supply for future use.
(11)	"Thread bonding manufacturing" means coating single or multi-strand threads with plastic (nylon or polyester solution mixture) to impart properties such as additional strength and durability, water resistance, and moth repellency.
(12)	"Transporting" means moving material supply from one place to another.
(b)  This Rule shall apply to any thread bonding manufacturing facility with total uncontrolled exhaust emissions from nylon thread coating process collection hoods and drying ovens of volatile organic compounds (VOC) equal to or greater than 100 tons per year.
(c)  Annual VOC emissions from each nylon thread coating process shall be determined by multiplying the hourly amount of VOC consumed by the total scheduled operating hours per year.
(d)  Emissions from each nylon thread coating process subject to this Rule shall be reduced:
(1)	by at least 95 percent by weight; or
(2)	by installing a thermal incinerator with a temperature of at least 1600°F and a residence time of at least 0.75 seconds.
(e)  The owner or operator of any thread bonding manufacturing facility shall:
(1)	enclose the nylon thread coating process area of the plant to prevent fugitive emissions from entering other plant areas;
(2)	store all VOC-containing materials in covered tanks or containers;
(3)	ensure that equipment used for transporting or storing VOC containing material does not leak and that all lids and seals used by the equipment are kept in the closed position at all times except when in actual use;
(4)	not cause or allow VOC-containing material to be splashed, spilled, or discarded in sewers;
(5)	hold only enough nylon solution mixture in the day tanks to accommodate daily process times measured in hours; and
(6)	place permanent and conspicuous labels on all equipment affected by Subparagraphs (3) through (5) of this Paragraph summarizing handling procedures described in these Subparagraphs for VOC-contaminated materials at the nylon thread coating process.
(f)  The owner or operator of a thread bonding manufacturing facility shall notify the Director within 30 days after the calculated annual emissions of VOC from nylon thread coating processes equal or exceed 100 tons per year. The owner or operator shall submit within six months after such calculation a permit application including a schedule to bring the facility into compliance with this Rule.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a);
Eff. May 1, 1995;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0956	GLASS CHRISTMAS ORNAMENT MANUFACTURING
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Coating" means the application of a layer of material, either by dipping or spraying, in a relatively unbroken film onto glass Christmas ornaments.
(2)	"Curing ovens" means any apparatus through which the coated glass Christmas ornaments are conveyed while drying.
(3)	"Glass Christmas ornament" means any glass ornament that is coated with decorative exterior and is traditionally hung on Christmas trees.
(4)	"Glass Christmas ornament manufacturing facility" means a facility that coats glass Christmas ornaments through the process of interior coating or exterior coating that uses either mechanical or hand-dipping methods, drying (curing), cutting, and packaging operations.
(5)	"Mechanical coating lines" means equipment that facilitates mechanized dipping or spraying of a coating onto glass Christmas ornaments in which the neck of each ornament is held mechanically during the coating operation.
(6)	"Solvent-borne coating" means a coating that uses organic solvents as an ingredient.
(b)  This Rule applies to any curing ovens servicing the mechanical coating lines in the coating of glass Christmas ornaments at glass Christmas tree ornament manufacturing facilities with potential volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of 100 tons per year or more.
(c)  This Rule does not apply to glass Christmas ornament manufacturing facilities that do not use solvent-borne coating materials.
(d)  Emissions of VOC from each curing oven shall be reduced by at least 90 percent by weight.
(e)  If the owner or operator of a facility subject to this Rule chooses to use low VOC content, solvent-borne coatings to reduce emissions, the emission reduction from the use of these coatings shall be equivalent to that achieved using add-on controls.
(f)  The owner or operator of a Christmas tree ornament manufacturing facility shall notify the Director within 30 days after the calculated annual emissions of VOC from the facility equal or exceed 100 tons per year. The owner or operator shall submit within six months after such calculation a permit application including a schedule to bring the facility into compliance with this Rule.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a);
Eff. May 1, 1995;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0957	COMMERCIAL BAKERIES
(a)  For the purpose of this Rule, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)	"Baking Oven" means an oven used at any time for the purpose of baking yeast-leavened products, including bread and rolls.
(2)	"Commercial Bakery" means an establishment where bread and baked goods are produced.
(b)  This Rule applies in accordance with 15A NCAC 02D .0902 to any baking oven at a commercial bakery with potential volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of 100 tons per year or more. Daily volatile organic compound emissions shall be determined according to the calculation procedures in Paragraph (d) of this Rule.
(c)  Emissions of VOC from baking ovens subject to this Rule shall be reduced by at least:
(1)	90 percent by weight; or
(2)	60 percent by weight, if biofiltration is used.
(d)  Daily volatile organic compound emissions from each commercial baking oven in a commercial bakery shall be determined according to the following: EtOH = 0.40425 + 0.444585[(Y x T) + (S x t)], where:
(1)	EtOH = pounds ethanol per ton of baked bread;
(2)	Y = baker's percent yeast in sponge to the nearest tenth of a percent;
(3)	T = total time of fermentation in hours to the nearest tenth of an hour;
(4)	S = baker's percent of yeast added to dough to the nearest tenth of a percent; and
(5)	t = proof time plus floor time in hours to the nearest tenth of an hour.
(e)  The owner or operator of a commercial bakery shall notify the Director within 30 days after the calculated emissions of VOC from the bakery equal or exceed 100 tons per year. The owner or operator shall submit within six months after such calculation a permit application including a schedule to bring the facility into compliance with this Rule.

History Note:	Authority G.S. 143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.107(a);
Eff. May 1, 1995;
Readopted Eff. November 1, 2020.

15A NCAC 02D .0958	WORK PRACTICES FOR SOURCES OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
(a)  This Rule applies to all facilities that use volatile organic compounds as solvents, carriers, material processing media, or industrial chemical reactants, or in other similar uses, or that mix, blend, or manufacture volatile organic compounds, or emit volatile organic compounds as a product of chemical reactions.
(b)  This Rule does not apply to:
(1)	architectural or maintenance coatings; or
(2)	sources subject to 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart JJ.
(c)  The owner or operator of any facility subject to this Rule shall:
(1)	store all material, including waste material, containing volatile organic compounds in containers covered with a tightly fitting lid that is free of cracks, holes, or other defects, when not in use;
(2)	clean up spills as soon as possible following proper safety procedures;
(3)	store wipe rags in closed containers;
(4)	not clean sponges, fabric, wood, paper products, and other absorbent materials;
(5)	drain solvents used to clean supply lines and other coating equipment into closable containers and close containers immediately after each use;