Fungicide Resistance Action Committee. FRAC code list:  Fungicides sorted by mode of action. 2009. http://www.frac.info/frac/publication/anhang/FRAC_CODE_LIST.pdf

 Terrestrial Residue Exposure Model (T-REX), Version 1.5.  April 2012.  Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.

 US EPA. 1996. Ecological Effects Test Guidelines, 850.2100 Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test. Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention. EPA 712-C-96-139.

 US EPA. 2002. Technical Basis for the Derivation of Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Guidelines (ESGs) for the Protection of Benthic Organisms:  Nonionic Organics. Office of Science and Technology and Office of Research and Development. Washington, DC 20460. EPA/822-R-02-041.

 US EPA. 2004a. Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Endangered and Threatened Species Effects Determinations.  Office of Prevention, Pesticide, and Toxic Substances.

 USEPA. 2004b.  Scientific Advisory Panel.  March 30 - April 2, 2004: Refined (Level II) Terrestrial and Aquatic Models for Probabilistic and Ecological Assessment of Pesticides.  Available: http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2004/033004_mtg.htm

US Office of the Federal Registrar. 2011. Code of Federal Regulations 40, Parts 150-189.

 Willis and McDowell, 1987. Pesticide persistence on foliage. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.  100:23-73.
          Appendix A.  The Risk Quotient Method and Levels of Concern

The Risk Quotient Method is the means by which the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) integrates the results of exposure and ecotoxicity data. In this method, both acute and chronic risk quotients (RQs) are calculated by dividing exposure estimates by the most sensitive ecotoxicity values or toxicity endpoints derived from the studies. Calculated RQs are then compared to OPP's levels of concern (LOCs). The LOCs are the criteria used by OPP to indicate potential risk to non-target organisms and the need to consider regulatory action. EFED has defined LOCs for acute risk, potential restricted use, and for endangered species. Risk presumptions, along with the corresponding RQs and LOCs are summarized in the table below.

These LOCs are criteria used by EFED to indicate potential risk to non-target organisms and the need to consider regulatory action.  The criteria indicate that a pesticide used as directed has the potential to cause adverse effects on non-target organisms.  LOCs currently address the following risk presumption categories: (1) acute  -  potential for acute risk is high, regulatory action may be warranted in addition to restricted use classification (2) acute restricted use -  potential for acute risk is high, but this may be mitigated through restricted use classification (3) acute endangered species  -  the potential for acute risk to endangered species is high, regulatory action may be warranted, and (4)  chronic risk -  the potential for chronic risk high, regulatory action may be warranted.  Currently, EFED does not perform assessment for chronic risk to plants, acute or chronic risks to non-target insects or chronic risks from granular/bait formulations to mammalian or avian species.

The ecotoxicity test values (i.e., measurement endpoints) used in the acute and chronic risk quotients are derived from the results of required studies.  Examples of ecotoxicity values derived from results of short-term laboratory studies that assess acute effects are (1) LC50 (fish and birds), (2) LD50 (birds and mammals), (3) EC50 (aquatic plants and aquatic invertebrates, and (4) EC25 (terrestrial plants).  An example of a toxicity test effect level derived from the results of a long-term laboratory study that assesses chronic effects is (1) NOAEC (birds, fish, and aquatic invertebrates).

                               Risk Presumption
                                      RQ
                                      LOC
Birds

                                  Acute Risk
                       EEC/LC50 or LD50/sqft or LD50/day
                                      0.5

                             Acute Restricted Use
           EEC/LC50 or LD50/sqft or LD50/day (or LD50 < 50 mg/kg)
                                      0.2

                           Acute Endangered Species
                       EEC/LC50 or LD50/sqft or LD50/day
                                      0.1

                                 Chronic Risk
                                   EEC/NOAEC
                                       1
Mammals

                                  Acute Risk
                       EEC/LC50 or LD50/sqft or LD50/day
                                      0.5

                             Acute Restricted Use
           EEC/LC50 or LD50/sqft or LD50/day (or LD50 < 50 mg/kg)
                                      0.2

                           Acute Endangered Species
                       EEC/LC50 or LD50/sqft or LD50/day
                                      0.1

                                 Chronic Risk
                                   EEC/NOAEC
                                       1
Aquatic Animals

                                  Acute Risk
                               EEC/LC50 or EC50
                                      0.5

                             Acute Restricted Use
                               EEC/LC50 or EC50
                                      0.1

                           Acute Endangered Species
                               EEC/LC50 or EC50
                                     0.05

                                 Chronic Risk
                                   EEC/NOAEC
                                       1
Terrestrial and Semi-Aquatic Plants

                                  Acute Risk
                                   EEC/EC25
                                       1

                           Acute Endangered Species
                               EEC/EC05 or NOAEC
                                       1
Aquatic Plants

                                  Acute Risk
                                   EEC/EC50
                                       1

                           Acute Endangered Species
                               EEC/EC05 or NOAEC
                                       1

                 Appendix Appendix B.  Output of STIR Results

Welcome to the EFED

Screening Tool for Inhalation Risk

This tool is designed to provide the risk assessor with a rapid method for determining the potential

significance of the inhalation exposure route to birds and mammals in a risk assessment.

Input

Application and Chemical Information

Enter Chemical Name
                                                                  Fenpyrazamine

Enter Chemical Use

Is the Application a Spray? (enter y or n)
                                                                              y

If Spray What Type (enter ground or air)
                                                                            air

Enter Chemical Molecular Weight (g/mole)
                                                                          331.4

Enter Chemical Vapor Pressure (mmHg)
                                                                       2.17E-10

Enter Application Rate (lb a.i./acre)
                                                                           1.07

Toxicity Properties

Bird

Enter Lowest Bird Oral LD50 (mg/kg bw)
                                                                           2000

Enter Mineau Scaling Factor
                                                                           1.15

Enter Tested Bird Weight (kg)
                                                                          0.178

Mammal

Enter Lowest Rat Oral LD50 (mg/kg bw)
                                                                           2000

Enter Lowest Rat Inhalation LC50 (mg/L)
                                                                           0.61

Duration of Rat Inhalation Study (hrs)
                                                                              4

Enter Rat Weight (kg)
                                                                           0.35

Output

Results Avian (0.020 kg )

Maximum Vapor Concentration in Air at Saturation (mg/m[3])
                                                                       3.87E-06

Maximum 1-hour Vapor Inhalation Dose (mg/kg)
                                                                       4.86E-07

Adjusted Inhalation  LD50
                                                                       3.40E+00

Ratio of Vapor Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50
                                                                       1.43E-07
Exposure not Likely Significant

Maximum Post-treatment Spray Inhalation Dose (mg/kg)
                                                                       1.03E-01

Ratio of Droplet Inhalation Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50
                                                                       3.02E-02
Exposure not Likely Significant

Results Mammalian (0.015 kg )

Maximum Vapor Concentration in Air at Saturation (mg/m[3])
                                                                       3.87E-06

Maximum 1-hour Vapor Inhalation Dose (mg/kg)
                                                                       6.12E-07

Adjusted Inhalation  LD50
                                                                       3.63E+01

Ratio of Vapor Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50
                                                                       1.68E-08
Exposure not Likely Significant

Maximum Post-treatment Spray Inhalation Dose (mg/kg)
                                                                       1.29E-01

Ratio of Droplet Inhalation Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50
                                                                       3.56E-03
Exposure not Likely Significant

                  Appendix Appendix C.  Output of SIP Results

Table 1. Inputs

Parameter
                                     Value

Chemical name
                                 Fenpyrazamine

Solubility (in water at 25[o]C; mg/L)
                                     20.4

Mammalian LD50 (mg/kg-bw)
                                     2000

Mammalian test species
                                laboratory rat

Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species

Mammalian NOAEL (mg/kg-bw)
                                     3000

Mammalian test species
                                laboratory rat

Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species

Avian LD50 (mg/kg-bw)
                                     2000

Avian test species
                            northern bobwhite quail

Body weight (g) of "other" avian species

Mineau scaling factor
                                     1.15

Mallard NOAEC (mg/kg-diet)
                                      517

Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet)
                                      248

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for other bird species

Body weight (g) of other avian species

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for 2nd other bird species

Body weight (g) of 2nd other avian species

Table 2. Mammalian Results

Parameter
                                     Acute
                                    Chronic
Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw)
                                    3.5088
                                    3.5088
Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw)
                                   1538.3211
                                   2307.4817
Ratio of exposure to toxicity
                                    0.0023
                                    0.0015
Conclusion*
     Drinking water exposure alone is NOT a potential concern for mammals
     Drinking water exposure alone is NOT a potential concern for mammals

Table 3. Avian Results

Parameter
                                     Acute
                                    Chronic
Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw)
                                    16.5240
                                    16.5240
Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw)
                                   1440.8590
                                    25.6497
Ratio of exposure to acute toxicity
                                    0.0115
                                    0.6442
Conclusion*
      Drinking water exposure alone is NOT a potential concern for birds
      Drinking water exposure alone is NOT a potential concern for birds

*Conclusion is for drinking water exposure alone.  This does not combine all routes of exposure.  Therefore, when aggregated with other routes (i.e., diet, inhalation, dermal), pesticide exposure through drinking water may contribute to a total exposure that has potential for effects to non-target animals.

               Appendix Appendix D.  Output of TerrPlant Results

TerrPlant v. 1.2.2

Table 1. Chemical Identity.

                                 Chemical Name
Fenpyrazamine

                                    PC code
90109

                                      Use
Almonds, pistachios

                              Application Method
Aerial

                               Application Form
Suspension concentrate

                           Solubility in Water (ppm)
20.4

Table 2. Input parameters used to derive EECs.

                                Input Parameter
                                    Symbol
                                     Value
                                     Units

                               Application Rate
                                       A
                                     0.37

                                 Incorporation
                                       I
                                       1
                                     none

                                Runoff Fraction
                                       R
                                     0.02
                                     none

                                Drift Fraction
                                       D
                                     0.05
                                     none

Table 3. EECs for Fenpyrazamine.  Units in .

                                  Description
                                   Equation
                                      EEC

                              Runoff to dry areas
                                    (A/I)*R
                                    0.0074

                         Runoff to semi-aquatic areas
                                  (A/I)*R*10
                                     0.074

                                  Spray drift
                                      A*D
                                    0.0185

                              Total for dry areas
                                ((A/I)*R)+(A*D)
                                    0.0259

                         Total for semi-aquatic areas
                              ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D)
                                    0.0925

Table 4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in .

                              Seedling Emergence
                               Vegetative Vigor
                                  Plant type
                                     EC25
                                    NOAEC
                                     EC25
                                    NOAEC
                                    Monocot
                                     1.54
                                     0.15
                                       x
                                     0.56
                                     Dicot
                                     0.53
                                     0.035
                                       x
                                     0.56

Table 5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to Fenpyrazamine through runoff and/or spray drift.*
                                  Plant Type
                                 Listed Status
                                     Dry
                                 Semi-Aquatic
                                  Spray Drift
                                    Monocot
                                  non-listed
                                    <0.1
                                    <0.1
                                    <0.1
                                    Monocot
                                    listed
                                     0.17
                                     0.62
                                     0.12
                                     Dicot
                                  non-listed
                                    <0.1
                                     0.17
                                    <0.1
                                     Dicot
                                    listed
                                     0.74
                                     2.64
                                     0.53
*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.

Table 1. Chemical Identity.

                                 Chemical Name
Fenpyrazamine

                                    PC code
90109

                                      Use
Almonds, pistachios

                              Application Method
Aerial

                               Application Form
Suspension concentrate

                           Solubility in Water (ppm)
204

Table 2. Input parameters used to derive EECs.

                                Input Parameter
                                    Symbol
                                     Value
                                     Units

                               Application Rate
                                       A
                                     0.49

                                 Incorporation
                                       I
                                       1
                                     none

                                Runoff Fraction
                                       R
                                     0.02
                                     none

                                Drift Fraction
                                       D
                                     0.05
                                     none

Table 3. EECs for Fenpyrazamine.  Units in .

                                  Description
                                   Equation
                                      EEC

                              Runoff to dry areas
                                    (A/I)*R
                                    0.0098

                         Runoff to semi-aquatic areas
                                  (A/I)*R*10
                                     0.098

                                  Spray drift
                                      A*D
                                    0.0245

                              Total for dry areas
                                ((A/I)*R)+(A*D)
                                    0.0343

                         Total for semi-aquatic areas
                              ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D)
                                    0.1225

Table 4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in .

                              Seedling Emergence
                               Vegetative Vigor
                                  Plant type
                                     EC25
                                    NOAEC
                                     EC25
                                    NOAEC
                                    Monocot
                                     1.54
                                     0.15
                                       x
                                     0.56
                                     Dicot
                                     0.53
                                     0.035
                                       x
                                     0.56

Table 5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to Fenpyrazamine through runoff and/or spray drift.*
                                  Plant Type
                                 Listed Status
                                     Dry
                                 Semi-Aquatic
                                  Spray Drift
                                    Monocot
                                  non-listed
                                    <0.1
                                    <0.1
                                    <0.1
                                    Monocot
                                    listed
                                     0.23
                                     0.82
                                     0.16
                                     Dicot
                                  non-listed
                                    <0.1
                                     0.23
                                    <0.1
                                     Dicot
                                    listed
                                     0.98
                                     3.50
                                     0.70
*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.

Table 1. Chemical Identity.

                                 Chemical Name
Fenpyrazamine

                                    PC code
90109

                                      Use
Almonds, pistachios

                              Application Method
Aerial

                               Application Form
Suspension concentrate

                           Solubility in Water (ppm)
204

Table 2. Input parameters used to derive EECs.

                                Input Parameter
                                    Symbol
                                     Value
                                     Units

                               Application Rate
                                       A
                                     1.07

                                 Incorporation
                                       I
                                       1
                                     none

                                Runoff Fraction
                                       R
                                     0.02
                                     none

                                Drift Fraction
                                       D
                                     0.05
                                     none

Table 3. EECs for Fenpyrazamine.  Units in .

                                  Description
                                   Equation
                                      EEC

                              Runoff to dry areas
                                    (A/I)*R
                                    0.0214

                         Runoff to semi-aquatic areas
                                  (A/I)*R*10
                                     0.214

                                  Spray drift
                                      A*D
                                    0.0535

                              Total for dry areas
                                ((A/I)*R)+(A*D)
                                    0.0749

                         Total for semi-aquatic areas
                              ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D)
                                    0.2675

Table 4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in .

                              Seedling Emergence
                               Vegetative Vigor
                                  Plant type
                                     EC25
                                    NOAEC
                                     EC25
                                    NOAEC
                                    Monocot
                                     1.54
                                     0.15
                                       x
                                     0.56
                                     Dicot
                                     0.53
                                     0.035
                                       x
                                     0.56

Table 5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to Fenpyrazamine through runoff and/or spray drift.*
                                  Plant Type
                                 Listed Status
                                     Dry
                                 Semi-Aquatic
                                  Spray Drift
                                    Monocot
                                  non-listed
                                    <0.1
                                     0.17
                                    <0.1
                                    Monocot
                                    listed
                                     0.50
                                     1.78
                                     0.36
                                     Dicot
                                  non-listed
                                     0.14
                                     0.50
                                     0.10
                                     Dicot
                                    listed
                                     2.14
                                     7.64
                                     1.53
*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.

        Appendix Appendix E.  Sample PRZM/EXAMS Input and Output Files

Figure E-1.  PE5 water column run for aerial application, NJ Nursery scenario.

stored as Aerial_NJNU.out
Chemical: Fenpyrazamine
PRZM environment: NJnurserySTD.txt	modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:16:42
EXAMS environment: pond298.exv	modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:14:08
Metfile: w93730.dvf	modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:16:14
Water segment concentrations (ppb)

Year
Peak
96 hr
21 Day
60 Day
90 Day
Yearly
                                                                           1961
                                                                          20.84
                                                                          20.62
                                                                          20.06
                                                                          18.76
                                                                          17.88
                                                                          6.544
                                                                           1962
                                                                          56.86
                                                                          56.25
                                                                          54.06
                                                                          51.07
                                                                          48.62
                                                                          23.86
                                                                           1963
                                                                          40.79
                                                                          40.42
                                                                          39.11
                                                                          37.47
                                                                          36.37
                                                                          31.54
                                                                           1964
                                                                          36.26
                                                                          35.91
                                                                          34.99
                                                                          33.85
                                                                          32.95
                                                                          25.08
                                                                           1965
                                                                          30.86
                                                                          30.57
                                                                          29.95
                                                                          28.98
                                                                          27.85
                                                                          22.02
                                                                           1966
                                                                            102
                                                                            101
                                                                           96.8
                                                                          91.72
                                                                          87.17
                                                                          40.35
                                                                           1967
                                                                          92.14
                                                                          91.32
                                                                          88.16
                                                                          83.14
                                                                           80.2
                                                                          59.62
                                                                           1968
                                                                          59.26
                                                                          59.17
                                                                          58.81
                                                                          57.96
                                                                           56.7
                                                                          47.13
                                                                           1969
                                                                          36.97
                                                                          36.92
                                                                          36.67
                                                                          35.66
                                                                          34.41
                                                                          29.07
                                                                           1970
                                                                          36.45
                                                                          36.08
                                                                          35.69
                                                                          34.35
                                                                          33.08
                                                                          24.22
                                                                           1971
                                                                          89.46
                                                                          88.64
                                                                          85.88
                                                                          82.33
                                                                          79.12
                                                                          40.89
                                                                           1972
                                                                          61.57
                                                                          61.21
                                                                          59.72
                                                                          56.55
                                                                          54.32
                                                                          44.22
                                                                           1973
                                                                          40.31
                                                                          39.92
                                                                          38.37
                                                                          35.55
                                                                          34.28
                                                                          28.23
                                                                           1974
                                                                          43.58
                                                                          43.14
                                                                          42.01
                                                                          40.74
                                                                          39.57
                                                                          26.56
                                                                           1975
                                                                          45.24
                                                                          44.96
                                                                          43.49
                                                                          41.27
                                                                          40.14
                                                                          28.55
                                                                           1976
                                                                          68.94
                                                                          68.19
                                                                          66.31
                                                                          62.56
                                                                          59.64
                                                                          36.79
                                                                           1977
                                                                          59.52
                                                                          58.91
                                                                          56.89
                                                                          53.98
                                                                          51.87
                                                                          40.57
                                                                           1978
                                                                          39.92
                                                                          39.53
                                                                          39.05
                                                                          38.45
                                                                          37.57
                                                                          32.76
                                                                           1979
                                                                          34.32
                                                                          34.07
                                                                          33.39
                                                                          32.35
                                                                          31.51
                                                                          24.59
                                                                           1980
                                                                          34.78
                                                                          34.45
                                                                          33.86
                                                                          33.03
                                                                          32.02
                                                                          23.58
                                                                           1981
                                                                          31.05
                                                                          30.84
                                                                          30.16
                                                                          29.18
                                                                          28.23
                                                                           22.9
                                                                           1982
                                                                          28.11
                                                                          27.84
                                                                           27.2
                                                                          26.54
                                                                          25.59
                                                                          19.64
                                                                           1983
                                                                           33.4
                                                                          33.04
                                                                          32.38
                                                                          31.07
                                                                          29.85
                                                                          19.83
                                                                           1984
                                                                          28.47
                                                                           28.2
                                                                          27.89
                                                                          26.95
                                                                          26.05
                                                                          20.29
                                                                           1985
                                                                          32.04
                                                                          31.82
                                                                           30.6
                                                                          29.64
                                                                          28.49
                                                                          19.62
                                                                           1986
                                                                           34.1
                                                                          33.74
                                                                          32.33
                                                                          30.67
                                                                          29.57
                                                                          20.07
                                                                           1987
                                                                          31.98
                                                                          31.68
                                                                          31.18
                                                                          30.14
                                                                          29.18
                                                                             22
                                                                           1988
                                                                          33.29
                                                                          32.96
                                                                          31.69
                                                                           29.7
                                                                          28.76
                                                                           20.9
                                                                           1989
                                                                          58.56
                                                                          58.01
                                                                          57.33
                                                                          53.82
                                                                          52.81
                                                                          29.57
                                                                           1990
                                                                          47.16
                                                                          46.86
                                                                          45.06
                                                                          41.98
                                                                          40.16
                                                                          34.26

Sorted results

Prob.
Peak
96 hr
21 Day
60 Day
90 Day
Yearly
                                                                       0.032258
                                                                            102
                                                                            101
                                                                           96.8
                                                                          91.72
                                                                          87.17
                                                                          59.62
                                                                       0.064516
                                                                          92.14
                                                                          91.32
                                                                          88.16
                                                                          83.14
                                                                           80.2
                                                                          47.13
                                                                       0.096774
                                                                          89.46
                                                                          88.64
                                                                          85.88
                                                                          82.33
                                                                          79.12
                                                                          44.22
                                                                       0.129032
                                                                          68.94
                                                                          68.19
                                                                          66.31
                                                                          62.56
                                                                          59.64
                                                                          40.89
                                                                        0.16129
                                                                          61.57
                                                                          61.21
                                                                          59.72
                                                                          57.96
                                                                           56.7
                                                                          40.57
                                                                       0.193548
                                                                          59.52
                                                                          59.17
                                                                          58.81
                                                                          56.55
                                                                          54.32
                                                                          40.35
                                                                       0.225806
                                                                          59.26
                                                                          58.91
                                                                          57.33
                                                                          53.98
                                                                          52.81
                                                                          36.79
                                                                       0.258065
                                                                          58.56
                                                                          58.01
                                                                          56.89
                                                                          53.82
                                                                          51.87
                                                                          34.26
                                                                       0.290323
                                                                          56.86
                                                                          56.25
                                                                          54.06
                                                                          51.07
                                                                          48.62
                                                                          32.76
                                                                       0.322581
                                                                          47.16
                                                                          46.86
                                                                          45.06
                                                                          41.98
                                                                          40.16
                                                                          31.54
                                                                       0.354839
                                                                          45.24
                                                                          44.96
                                                                          43.49
                                                                          41.27
                                                                          40.14
                                                                          29.57
                                                                       0.387097
                                                                          43.58
                                                                          43.14
                                                                          42.01
                                                                          40.74
                                                                          39.57
                                                                          29.07
                                                                       0.419355
                                                                          40.79
                                                                          40.42
                                                                          39.11
                                                                          38.45
                                                                          37.57
                                                                          28.55
                                                                       0.451613
                                                                          40.31
                                                                          39.92
                                                                          39.05
                                                                          37.47
                                                                          36.37
                                                                          28.23
                                                                       0.483871
                                                                          39.92
                                                                          39.53
                                                                          38.37
                                                                          35.66
                                                                          34.41
                                                                          26.56
                                                                       0.516129
                                                                          36.97
                                                                          36.92
                                                                          36.67
                                                                          35.55
                                                                          34.28
                                                                          25.08
                                                                       0.548387
                                                                          36.45
                                                                          36.08
                                                                          35.69
                                                                          34.35
                                                                          33.08
                                                                          24.59
                                                                       0.580645
                                                                          36.26
                                                                          35.91
                                                                          34.99
                                                                          33.85
                                                                          32.95
                                                                          24.22
                                                                       0.612903
                                                                          34.78
                                                                          34.45
                                                                          33.86
                                                                          33.03
                                                                          32.02
                                                                          23.86
                                                                       0.645161
                                                                          34.32
                                                                          34.07
                                                                          33.39
                                                                          32.35
                                                                          31.51
                                                                          23.58
                                                                       0.677419
                                                                           34.1
                                                                          33.74
                                                                          32.38
                                                                          31.07
                                                                          29.85
                                                                           22.9
                                                                       0.709677
                                                                           33.4
                                                                          33.04
                                                                          32.33
                                                                          30.67
                                                                          29.57
                                                                          22.02
                                                                       0.741935
                                                                          33.29
                                                                          32.96
                                                                          31.69
                                                                          30.14
                                                                          29.18
                                                                             22
                                                                       0.774194
                                                                          32.04
                                                                          31.82
                                                                          31.18
                                                                           29.7
                                                                          28.76
                                                                           20.9
                                                                       0.806452
                                                                          31.98
                                                                          31.68
                                                                           30.6
                                                                          29.64
                                                                          28.49
                                                                          20.29
                                                                        0.83871
                                                                          31.05
                                                                          30.84
                                                                          30.16
                                                                          29.18
                                                                          28.23
                                                                          20.07
                                                                       0.870968
                                                                          30.86
                                                                          30.57
                                                                          29.95
                                                                          28.98
                                                                          27.85
                                                                          19.83
                                                                       0.903226
                                                                          28.47
                                                                           28.2
                                                                          27.89
                                                                          26.95
                                                                          26.05
                                                                          19.64
                                                                       0.935484
                                                                          28.11
                                                                          27.84
                                                                           27.2
                                                                          26.54
                                                                          25.59
                                                                          19.62
                                                                       0.967742
                                                                          20.84
                                                                          20.62
                                                                          20.06
                                                                          18.76
                                                                          17.88
                                                                          6.544

                                                                            0.1
                                                                         87.408
                                                                         86.595
                                                                         83.923
                                                                         80.353
                                                                         77.172
                                                                         43.887

Average of yearly averages:
                                                                        28.8418

Figure E-2.  PE5 benthic pore water run for aerial application, NJ Nursery scenario.

stored as Aerial_NJNUben.out
Chemical: Fenpyrazamine
PRZM environment: NJnurserySTD.txt	modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:16:42
EXAMS environment: pond298.exv	modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:14:08
Metfile: w93730.dvf	modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:16:14
Benthic segment concentrations (ppb)

Year
Peak
96 hr
21 Day
60 Day
90 Day
Yearly
                                                                           1961
                                                                          10.79
                                                                          10.79
                                                                          10.69
                                                                          10.18
                                                                          9.461
                                                                          2.885
                                                                           1962
                                                                          28.57
                                                                          28.56
                                                                          28.49
                                                                          27.63
                                                                          26.34
                                                                          13.49
                                                                           1963
                                                                          28.56
                                                                          28.54
                                                                          28.48
                                                                          28.25
                                                                          27.84
                                                                          20.72
                                                                           1964
                                                                          21.77
                                                                          21.77
                                                                          21.74
                                                                          21.44
                                                                          20.94
                                                                           16.3
                                                                           1965
                                                                          19.54
                                                                          19.52
                                                                          19.45
                                                                          19.21
                                                                          18.87
                                                                          14.58
                                                                           1966
                                                                          49.55
                                                                          49.55
                                                                          49.42
                                                                          48.22
                                                                          46.12
                                                                          22.41
                                                                           1967
                                                                          49.54
                                                                          49.51
                                                                          49.26
                                                                          48.22
                                                                          47.33
                                                                          39.86
                                                                           1968
                                                                          47.26
                                                                          47.18
                                                                          46.85
                                                                          46.12
                                                                          45.37
                                                                          32.24
                                                                           1969
                                                                          28.95
                                                                          28.92
                                                                          28.78
                                                                          28.38
                                                                          27.88
                                                                          19.71
                                                                           1970
                                                                          19.79
                                                                          19.79
                                                                          19.75
                                                                          19.55
                                                                          19.23
                                                                          15.51
                                                                           1971
                                                                          46.32
                                                                          46.32
                                                                          46.23
                                                                          44.76
                                                                          42.65
                                                                          23.26
                                                                           1972
                                                                          46.31
                                                                          46.31
                                                                          46.22
                                                                           45.4
                                                                          44.41
                                                                          30.94
                                                                           1973
                                                                          26.82
                                                                          26.81
                                                                          26.68
                                                                          26.08
                                                                          25.26
                                                                          18.55
                                                                           1974
                                                                          23.24
                                                                          23.24
                                                                          23.21
                                                                          22.76
                                                                          21.93
                                                                          16.78
                                                                           1975
                                                                          24.39
                                                                          24.38
                                                                          24.29
                                                                          23.66
                                                                          22.81
                                                                          18.32
                                                                           1976
                                                                          35.31
                                                                          35.31
                                                                          35.25
                                                                          34.63
                                                                          33.43
                                                                          23.04
                                                                           1977
                                                                          35.32
                                                                          35.32
                                                                          35.29
                                                                          35.01
                                                                          34.26
                                                                          26.21
                                                                           1978
                                                                           30.1
                                                                          30.09
                                                                          30.04
                                                                          29.84
                                                                          29.57
                                                                          22.15
                                                                           1979
                                                                          21.68
                                                                          21.66
                                                                          21.53
                                                                          21.06
                                                                          20.58
                                                                          16.09
                                                                           1980
                                                                          19.76
                                                                          19.76
                                                                          19.66
                                                                          19.17
                                                                          18.36
                                                                          15.18
                                                                           1981
                                                                          19.83
                                                                          19.83
                                                                          19.83
                                                                          19.73
                                                                          19.47
                                                                          15.05
                                                                           1982
                                                                           16.8
                                                                          16.79
                                                                          16.74
                                                                          16.54
                                                                          16.19
                                                                          12.69
                                                                           1983
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.43
                                                                          16.98
                                                                          16.32
                                                                           12.3
                                                                           1984
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.46
                                                                          17.42
                                                                          17.21
                                                                          16.92
                                                                          13.03
                                                                           1985
                                                                          16.01
                                                                             16
                                                                          15.91
                                                                          15.52
                                                                          15.12
                                                                          12.15
                                                                           1986
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.42
                                                                           16.9
                                                                          16.19
                                                                          12.67
                                                                           1987
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.43
                                                                           17.3
                                                                          17.09
                                                                          14.06
                                                                           1988
                                                                          17.28
                                                                          17.26
                                                                          17.19
                                                                          16.97
                                                                          16.61
                                                                          13.52
                                                                           1989
                                                                          32.52
                                                                          32.49
                                                                          32.16
                                                                          30.96
                                                                          29.39
                                                                          17.37
                                                                           1990
                                                                          32.65
                                                                          32.65
                                                                          32.62
                                                                          32.13
                                                                          31.33
                                                                           22.9

Sorted results

Prob.
Peak
96 hr
21 Day
60 Day
90 Day
Yearly
                                                                       0.032258
                                                                          49.55
                                                                          49.55
                                                                          49.42
                                                                          48.22
                                                                          47.33
                                                                          39.86
                                                                       0.064516
                                                                          49.54
                                                                          49.51
                                                                          49.26
                                                                          48.22
                                                                          46.12
                                                                          32.24
                                                                       0.096774
                                                                          47.26
                                                                          47.18
                                                                          46.85
                                                                          46.12
                                                                          45.37
                                                                          30.94
                                                                       0.129032
                                                                          46.32
                                                                          46.32
                                                                          46.23
                                                                           45.4
                                                                          44.41
                                                                          26.21
                                                                        0.16129
                                                                          46.31
                                                                          46.31
                                                                          46.22
                                                                          44.76
                                                                          42.65
                                                                          23.26
                                                                       0.193548
                                                                          35.32
                                                                          35.32
                                                                          35.29
                                                                          35.01
                                                                          34.26
                                                                          23.04
                                                                       0.225806
                                                                          35.31
                                                                          35.31
                                                                          35.25
                                                                          34.63
                                                                          33.43
                                                                           22.9
                                                                       0.258065
                                                                          32.65
                                                                          32.65
                                                                          32.62
                                                                          32.13
                                                                          31.33
                                                                          22.41
                                                                       0.290323
                                                                          32.52
                                                                          32.49
                                                                          32.16
                                                                          30.96
                                                                          29.57
                                                                          22.15
                                                                       0.322581
                                                                           30.1
                                                                          30.09
                                                                          30.04
                                                                          29.84
                                                                          29.39
                                                                          20.72
                                                                       0.354839
                                                                          28.95
                                                                          28.92
                                                                          28.78
                                                                          28.38
                                                                          27.88
                                                                          19.71
                                                                       0.387097
                                                                          28.57
                                                                          28.56
                                                                          28.49
                                                                          28.25
                                                                          27.84
                                                                          18.55
                                                                       0.419355
                                                                          28.56
                                                                          28.54
                                                                          28.48
                                                                          27.63
                                                                          26.34
                                                                          18.32
                                                                       0.451613
                                                                          26.82
                                                                          26.81
                                                                          26.68
                                                                          26.08
                                                                          25.26
                                                                          17.37
                                                                       0.483871
                                                                          24.39
                                                                          24.38
                                                                          24.29
                                                                          23.66
                                                                          22.81
                                                                          16.78
                                                                       0.516129
                                                                          23.24
                                                                          23.24
                                                                          23.21
                                                                          22.76
                                                                          21.93
                                                                           16.3
                                                                       0.548387
                                                                          21.77
                                                                          21.77
                                                                          21.74
                                                                          21.44
                                                                          20.94
                                                                          16.09
                                                                       0.580645
                                                                          21.68
                                                                          21.66
                                                                          21.53
                                                                          21.06
                                                                          20.58
                                                                          15.51
                                                                       0.612903
                                                                          19.83
                                                                          19.83
                                                                          19.83
                                                                          19.73
                                                                          19.47
                                                                          15.18
                                                                       0.645161
                                                                          19.79
                                                                          19.79
                                                                          19.75
                                                                          19.55
                                                                          19.23
                                                                          15.05
                                                                       0.677419
                                                                          19.76
                                                                          19.76
                                                                          19.66
                                                                          19.21
                                                                          18.87
                                                                          14.58
                                                                       0.709677
                                                                          19.54
                                                                          19.52
                                                                          19.45
                                                                          19.17
                                                                          18.36
                                                                          14.06
                                                                       0.741935
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.43
                                                                           17.3
                                                                          17.09
                                                                          13.52
                                                                       0.774194
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.43
                                                                          17.21
                                                                          16.92
                                                                          13.49
                                                                       0.806452
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.42
                                                                          16.98
                                                                          16.61
                                                                          13.03
                                                                        0.83871
                                                                          17.47
                                                                          17.46
                                                                          17.42
                                                                          16.97
                                                                          16.32
                                                                          12.69
                                                                       0.870968
                                                                          17.28
                                                                          17.26
                                                                          17.19
                                                                           16.9
                                                                          16.19
                                                                          12.67
                                                                       0.903226
                                                                           16.8
                                                                          16.79
                                                                          16.74
                                                                          16.54
                                                                          16.19
                                                                           12.3
                                                                       0.935484
                                                                          16.01
                                                                             16
                                                                          15.91
                                                                          15.52
                                                                          15.12
                                                                          12.15
                                                                       0.967742
                                                                          10.79
                                                                          10.79
                                                                          10.69
                                                                          10.18
                                                                          9.461
                                                                          2.885

                                                                            0.1
                                                                         47.166
                                                                         47.094
                                                                         46.788
                                                                         46.048
                                                                         45.274
                                                                         30.467

Average of yearly averages:
                                                                        18.4655

Inputs generated by pe5.pl - Novemeber 2006

Data used for this run:
Output File: Aerial_NJNU
Metfile:	w93730.dvf
PRZM scenario:	NJnurserySTD.txt
EXAMS environment file:	pond298.exv
Chemical Name:	Fenpyrazamine
Description	Variable Name	Value	Units	Comments
Molecular weight	mwt	331.4	g/mol
Henry's Law Const.	henry	2.28e-10	atm-m^3/mol
Vapor Pressure	vapr	2.17e-10	torr
Solubility	sol	20.4	mg/L
Kd	Kd	5.06	mg/L
Koc	Koc		mg/L
Photolysis half-life	kdp	1.64	days	Half-life
Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism	kbacw	551	days	Halfife
Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism	kbacs	36.6	days	Halfife
Aerobic Soil Metabolism	asm	478.09	days	Halfife
Hydrolysis:	pH 4	0	days	Half-life
Hydrolysis:	pH 7	0	days	Half-life
Hydrolysis:	pH 9	0	days	Half-life
Method:	CAM	2	integer	See PRZM manual
Incorporation Depth:	DEPI		cm
Application Rate:	TAPP	1.22	kg/ha
Application Efficiency:	APPEFF	0.95	fraction
Spray Drift	DRFT	0.05	fraction of application rate applied to pond
Application Date	Date	01-08	dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm
Interval 1	interval	7	days	Set to 0 or delete line for single app.
app. rate 1	apprate	1.22	kg/ha
Interval 2	interval	7	days	Set to 0 or delete line for single app.
app. rate 2	apprate	1.22	kg/ha
Record 17:	FILTRA
	IPSCND	3
	UPTKF
Record 18:	PLVKRT
	PLDKRT
	FEXTRC	0.5
Flag for Index Res. Run	IR	EPA Pond
Flag for runoff calc.	RUNOFF	none	none, monthly or total(average of entire run)

Figure E-3.  EXAMS sediment concentration output file for aerial application, NJ Nursery scenario.

            BENTHIC SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION (mg/kg)

  YEAR    PEAK  24HOUR  96HOUR  21 DAY  60 DAY  90 DAY  ANNUAL
  ----  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------
  1961   0.059   0.059   0.059   0.058   0.055   0.051   0.016
  1962   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.150   0.143   0.073
  1963   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.153   0.151   0.113
  1964   0.118   0.118   0.118   0.118   0.116   0.114   0.089
  1965   0.106   0.106   0.106   0.106   0.104   0.102   0.079
  1966   0.269   0.269   0.269   0.268   0.262   0.250   0.122
  1967   0.269   0.269   0.269   0.268   0.262   0.257   0.216
  1968   0.257   0.257   0.256   0.254   0.250   0.246   0.175
  1969   0.157   0.157   0.157   0.156   0.154   0.151   0.107
  1970   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.106   0.104   0.084
  1971   0.252   0.252   0.252   0.251   0.243   0.232   0.126
  1972   0.251   0.251   0.251   0.251   0.246   0.241   0.168
  1973   0.146   0.146   0.146   0.145   0.142   0.137   0.101
  1974   0.126   0.126   0.126   0.126   0.124   0.119   0.091
  1975   0.132   0.132   0.132   0.132   0.128   0.124   0.099
  1976   0.192   0.192   0.192   0.191   0.188   0.182   0.125
  1977   0.192   0.192   0.192   0.192   0.190   0.186   0.142
  1978   0.163   0.163   0.163   0.163   0.162   0.161   0.120
  1979   0.118   0.118   0.118   0.117   0.114   0.112   0.087
  1980   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.104   0.100   0.082
  1981   0.108   0.108   0.108   0.108   0.107   0.106   0.082
  1982   0.091   0.091   0.091   0.091   0.090   0.088   0.069
  1983   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.092   0.089   0.067
  1984   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.093   0.092   0.071
  1985   0.087   0.087   0.087   0.086   0.084   0.082   0.066
  1986   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.092   0.088   0.069
  1987   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.094   0.093   0.076
  1988   0.094   0.094   0.094   0.093   0.092   0.090   0.073
  1989   0.177   0.177   0.176   0.175   0.168   0.160   0.094
  1990   0.177   0.177   0.177   0.177   0.174   0.170   0.124

                       SORTED FOR PLOTTING
                       ------ --- --------

    PROB    PEAK  24HOUR  96HOUR  21 DAY  60 DAY  90 DAY  ANNUAL
   -----  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------  ------
   0.032   0.269   0.269   0.269   0.268   0.262   0.257   0.216
   0.065   0.269   0.269   0.269   0.268   0.262   0.250   0.175
   0.097   0.257   0.257   0.256   0.254   0.250   0.246   0.168
   0.129   0.252   0.252   0.252   0.251   0.246   0.241   0.142
   0.161   0.251   0.251   0.251   0.251   0.243   0.232   0.126
   0.194   0.192   0.192   0.192   0.192   0.190   0.186   0.125
   0.226   0.192   0.192   0.192   0.191   0.188   0.182   0.124
   0.258   0.177   0.177   0.177   0.177   0.174   0.170   0.122
   0.290   0.177   0.177   0.176   0.175   0.168   0.161   0.120
   0.323   0.163   0.163   0.163   0.163   0.162   0.160   0.113
   0.355   0.157   0.157   0.157   0.156   0.154   0.151   0.107
   0.387   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.153   0.151   0.101
   0.419   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.155   0.150   0.143   0.099
   0.452   0.146   0.146   0.146   0.145   0.142   0.137   0.094
   0.484   0.132   0.132   0.132   0.132   0.128   0.124   0.091
   0.516   0.126   0.126   0.126   0.126   0.124   0.119   0.089
   0.548   0.118   0.118   0.118   0.118   0.116   0.114   0.087
   0.581   0.118   0.118   0.118   0.117   0.114   0.112   0.084
   0.613   0.108   0.108   0.108   0.108   0.107   0.106   0.082
   0.645   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.106   0.104   0.082
   0.677   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.107   0.104   0.102   0.079
   0.710   0.106   0.106   0.106   0.106   0.104   0.100   0.076
   0.742   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.094   0.093   0.073
   0.774   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.093   0.092   0.073
   0.806   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.092   0.090   0.071
   0.839   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.095   0.092   0.089   0.069
   0.871   0.094   0.094   0.094   0.093   0.092   0.088   0.069
   0.903   0.091   0.091   0.091   0.091   0.090   0.088   0.067
   0.935   0.087   0.087   0.087   0.086   0.084   0.082   0.066
   0.968   0.059   0.059   0.059   0.058   0.055   0.051   0.016

    1/10   0.257   0.257   0.256   0.254   0.250   0.245   0.165

Appendix F.  Formation of Fenpyrazamine Transformation Products in Environmental Fate Studies

                                   Degradate
                                   Identity
                                   Structure
                   Max% of Applied and Days Post Application
                                   Comments
                        Hydrolysis (MRID No. 48399923)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                                      NA
Metabolite detected at pH4, pH 7, and pH 9.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                                      NA
Metabolite detected at pH 7 and pH 9.
                    Aqueous Photolysis (MRID No. 48399924)
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               65.6 % at 7 days
Study terminated at 30 days.
MCNI

2-Cyano-N-isopropyl-2-(o-tolyl)acetamide
                                      \s
                               19.9% at 30 days
Study terminated at 30 days.
S-2188-DTC

1-Allyl-5-amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s

                                6.3% at 30 days
Study terminated at 30 days.
                      Soil Photolysis (MRID No. 48399926)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                               1.6 % at 30 days
Study terminated at 30 days.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               0.4 % at 21 days
Study terminated at 30 days.
           Aerobic Soil Metabolism (MRID Nos. 48399920 and 48399927)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                               9.1 % at 181 days
Detected in NJ Silt Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399927).

Study terminated at 370 days.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               2.8 % at 14 days
Detected in UK Silt Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399920).

Study terminated at 120 days.
MPPZ

5-Amino-4-(o-tolyl)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one

                                      \s

                               0.2 % at 120 days
Detected in NJ Silt Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399927).

Study terminated at 370 days.
                 Anaerobic Soil Metabolism (MRID No. 48399928)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                              22.9 % at 252 days
Detected in NJ Silt Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399928).

Study terminated at 364 days.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               22 % at 364 days
Detected in NJ Silt Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399928).

Study terminated at 364 days.
MPPZ

5-Amino-4-(o-tolyl)-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                               0.4 % at 16 days
Detected in NJ Silt Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399928).

Study terminated at 364 days.

                Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism (MRID No. 48399929)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                               17.3 % at 30 days
Detected in Calwich Lake Water  -  Silty Clay Loam Seiment (MRID No. 48399929).

Study terminated at 100 days.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               23.5 % at 7 days
Detected in Calwich Lake Water  -  Silty Clay Loam Seiment (MRID No. 48399929).

Study terminated at 100 days.
MCNI

2-Cyano-N-isopropyl-2-(o-tolyl)acetamide
                                      \s
                                0.8% at 61 days
Detected in Calwich Lake Water  -  Silty Clay Loam Seiment (MRID No. 48399929).

Study terminated at 100 days.

               Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism (MRID No. 48399930)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                                5.6% at 63 days
Detected in MS Creek Water  -  Clay Sediment (MRID No. 48399930).

Study terminated at 364 days.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                           90.3 % at 63 and 120 days
Detected in MS Creek Water  -  Clay Sediment (MRID No. 48399930).

Study terminated at 364 days.
Terrestrial Field Dissipation (MRID Nos. 48399931, 48399932, 48399933, and 48399934)
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               17.0 % at 0 Days

Detected in ID Loam Soil (MRID No. 48399933).

Study terminated at 240 days.

                         Fish BCF (MRID No. 48400005)
S-2188-OH

5-Amino-4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                                2.7 % at 3 Days
Detected during depuration phase at low dose concentration in edible fish tissue.

Percentage represents portion of total radioactive residue recovered.

Study terminated at 14 days of depuration.
S-2188-DC

5-Amino-2-isopropyl-4-(o-tolyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one

                                      \s
                               16.2 % at 0 Days
Detected during depuration phase at low dose concentration in edible fish tissue.

Percentage represents portion of total radioactive residue recovered.

Study terminated at 14 days of depuration.

S-2188-DC Conjugate

5-Amino-4-[2-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]-2-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-one
                                      \s
                               42.0 % at 3 Days
Detected during depuration phase at low dose concentration in edible fish tissue.

Percentage represents portion of total radioactive residue recovered.

Study terminated at 14 days of depuration.

Appendix G.  Toxicity Comparisons of Fenpyrazamine and Transformation Products

The most sensitive toxicity endpoints for aquatic organisms are listed in Table G-1 for the parent compound and any transformation products for which data are available.  For fenpyrazamine, there is toxicity information on three transformation products for acute exposure to daphnia magna (MCNI, S-2188_DC, and S-2188-OH) and for acute exposure to freshwater fish and freshwater green algae there is toxicity information for two transformation products (S-2188-DC and S-2188-OH).  From Table G-1 below, it is noted that parent fenpyrazamine is more toxic on an acute exposure basis to freshwater fish, freshwater invertebrates and freshwater green algae.  In all studies for freshwater invertebrates and fish for all transformation products, the degradate was not toxic up to the highest concentration tested and therefore was at least one order of magnitude less sensitive than parent fenpyrazamine.  Although definitive EC50 values were achieved for the transformation products exposed to freshwater green algae, the data show that parent fenpyrazamine is more toxic to freshwater green algae by at least one order of magnitude.  Therefore, available data on three transformation products to fenpyrazamine exposed to three aquatic taxa show that parent fenpyrazamine is more toxic than its major degradates.

Toxic effects resulting from exposure to chemicals with a similar mode of action are usually a function of the number of molecules and thus it is appropriate to compare toxicity on the basis of molar mass, especially when molecular weight differs substantially (e.g., several fold) between the two compounds (Rand, 2003).  Expressing the endpoints on a parent equivalents basis is essentially equivalent to the expression of the endpoint on a molar basis, it is simply normalized to the parent compound's molecular weight rather than to moles.  Table G-1 shows the results of this analysis and it is noted that the degradates, when expressed on a parent equivalent basis, show to be less toxic than parent fenpyrazamine.

Table G-1. Toxicity Comparison of Parent Compound and Transformation Products.[A]

                                 Test Material
                                      MW
                                    (g/mol)
                                 Test Species
                                   Endpoint
               Toxicity Value in mg/L (95% Confidence Interval)
                             Degradate Toxicity
 Expressed in Parent Compound Equivalents in mg/L (95% Confidence Interval)  B
                                Freshwater Fish
Fenpyrazamine
                                  331.4 g/mol
Rainbow Trout (O. mykiss)
                                  96-hr LC50
                               5.2 (3.8  -  7.8)
                               5.2 (3.8  -  7.8)
S-2188-OH
                                  247.3 g/mol
Rainbow Trout (O. mykiss)

                                    >97
                                    >130
S-2188-DC
                                  231.3 g/mol
Rainbow Trout (O. mykiss)

                                    >89
                                    >128
                           Freshwater Invertebrates
Fenpyrazamine
                                  331.4 g/mol
Water flea (Daphnia magna)
                                  48-hr EC50
                               5.5 (4.6  -  6.5)
                               5.5 (4.6  -  6.5)
MCNI
                                  216.3 g/mol
Water flea (Daphnia magna)

                                    >50
                                   >76.6
S-2188-OH
                                  247.3 g/mol
Water flea (Daphnia magna)

                                    >98
                                    >131
S-2188-DC
                                  231.3 g/mol
Water flea (Daphnia magna)

                                    >94
                                    >135
                               Aquatic Plants[C]
Fenpyrazamine
                                  331.4 g/mol
Green alga (P. subcapitata)
                                  96-hr EC50
                             0.16 (0.12  -  0.22)
                             0.16 (0.12  -  0.22)
S-2188-OH
                                  247.3 g/mol
Green alga (P. subcapitata)

                                49 (41  -  58)
                             65.7 (54.9  -  77.7)
S-2188-DC
                                  231.3 g/mol
Green alga (P. subcapitata)

                                32 (30  -  35)
                              45.8 (43  -  50.1)
[A] Bold values indicate degradate toxicity that is potentially equivalent to the parent compound (i.e., the toxicity of the parent compound and the degradate are within an order of magnitude or the confidence intervals overlap or both).
[B] Degradate toxicity in parent compound equivalents (mg/L) = (MW parent/MW degradate) x (toxicity endpoint of degradate (mg/L)).
[C] The most sensitive endpoint for all green algae studies (parent fenpyrazamine and degradate) was cell density.

ECOSAR (v1.0) was used to estimate the toxicity of the transformation products listed in Table G-2 because study data were not available with which to evaluate their toxicity.  ECOSAR predicts toxicity using a regression of the log KOW and measured toxicity endpoints for a particular species and chemical class.  ECOSAR is only used to prioritize the need for additional data on transformation products.  Data on the aliphatic amine, hydrazine, benzyl alcohol, amide, and benzyl nitrile chemical classes were used to estimate toxicity endpoints (see the description of data in the Help section of ECOSAR).  Very limited data sets were available to develop the regressions for the compounds and there is large uncertainty in the estimated values.  However, this is one of the best methods available to estimate ecological toxicity.

Table G-2 lists available data for fenpyrazamine and its major degradates alongside of those endpoints predicted by ECOSAR.  For acute exposure, parent fenpyrazamine is generally more toxic by one to several orders of magnitude than ECOSAR predicted endpoints.  In the cases where ECOSAR predicts a more sensitive value than what measured data in a study yielded, it is noted that the uncertainties and limitations associated with structure activity relationship analyses make these predicted endpoints less confident.  This was particularly the case for the hydrazine ECOSAR class where the predicted endpoints would be lower than those results that were determined in a study.  There was only one case where ECOSAR predicted an endpoint where the degradate toxicity was more sensitive than parent fenpyrazamine.  This was the chronic value for fish for the MCNI (amide) degradate with a 0.13 mg/L.  This value, despite being more toxic, is still within an order of magnitude for one of chronic NOAEC available for parent fenpyrazamine, 0.37 mg/L.  The other chronic NOAEC value available for fenpyrazamine was determined to be lower than the lowest concentration tested (<0.039 mg/L).

Table G-2.  ECOSAR Estimates of Transformation Product Toxicity. [A]
                         Compound (Chemical Class) [C]
                        Estimated Toxicity Value (mg/L)

                              96-hr FW fish EC50
                             48-hr FW Daphnid LC50
                                  Fish NOAEC
                                 Daphnid NOAEC
                            96-hr EC50 Green Algae
Fenpyrazamine [B]
(Pyrazole)
                                  (5.2, 5.4)
                                     (5.5)
                               (0.37, <0.039)
                                    (0.34)
                                    (0.16)
S-2188-OH
(Aliphatic amine)
                                   (>97)
                                    278.24
                                   (>98)
                                      30
                                     25.71
                                     2.15
                                     (49)
                                     32.58
S-2188-OH
(Hydrazine)
                                   (>97)
                                     5.91
                                   (>98)
                                     7.74
                                    0.44[D]
                                    0.55[D]
                                     (49)
                                     0.11
S-2188-OH
(Benzyl alcohol)
                                   (>97)
                                    845.21
                                   (>98)
                                    610.39
                                   57.95[D]
                                   75.18[D]
                                     (49)
                                    168.50
S-2188-OH
(Amides)
                                   (>97)
                                    856.60
                                   (>98)
                                    297.16
                                     4.00
                                     62.24
                                     (49)
                                     11.67
S-2188-DC
(Aliphatic amine)
                                   (>89)
                                    614.25
                                   (>94)
                                     62.98
                                     70.85
                                     4.23
                                     (32)
                                     78.12
S-2188-DC
(Hydrazines)S-2188DCtc aminehronic ratios (ACRs)thiocarbamate
                                   (>89)
                                     8.78
                                   (>94)
                                     10.12
                                    0.78[D]
                                    0.92[D]
                                     (32)
                                     0.12
S-2188-DC
(Amides)
                                   (>89)
                                  2644.60[E]
                                   (>94)
                                    614.06
                                     10.66
                                    150.50
                                     (32)
                                     20.44
MCNI
(Amides)
                                     16.82
                                   (>50)
                                     20.91
                                     0.13
                                     2.66
                                     1.39
MCNI
(Benzyl nitriles)
                                     9.10
                                   (>50)
                                     49.08
                                     1.42
                                3.3 x 10[7] [E]
                                     1.58
S-2188-DC conjugate S-2188-CH2OH-DC
(Aliphatic amines)
                                    5773.72
                                    520.75
                                    1167.33
                                     29.67
                                    904.74
S-2188-DC conjugate S-2188-CH2OH-DC
(Hydrazines)
                                     30.15
                                     25.41
                                    4.21[D]
                                    4.32[D]
                                     0.15
S-2188-DC conjugate S-2188-CH2OH-DC
(Benzyl alcohols)
                                   53419[E]
                                   32828[E]
                                   2361.2[D]
                                   2411.9[D]
                                    4130.2
S-2188-DC conjugate S-2188-CH2OH-DC
(Amides)
                                   58097[E]
                                    4882.8
                                    161.32
                                    1781.1
                                    106.81
[A] Toxicity values in parentheses were measured.  All other toxicity values were estimated with ECOSAR (v1.0).
[B] Toxicity values for the parent compound were not estimated because the transformation products are in a different chemical class and are assumed to have a different mode of action.
[C] Chemical class used by ECOSAR to predict toxicity.
[D] ECOSAR reported this endpoint using acute to chronic ratios (ACRs)
[E] ECOSAR reported the chemical may not be soluble enough to measure this predicted endpoint

Rand, G. M. 2003. Aquatic Toxicology (Second ed.). London: Taylor & Francis.