NOTE   Beginning in 1980   81, expenditures for state administration are excluded. Beginning in 1988   89, survey was expanded and coverage of state expenditures for public school districts was improved. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Schools, various years; Statistics of State School Systems, various years; and Common Core of Data surveys ( This table was prepared February 1999.) 186 ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY: FINANCES Table 169.   Total and current expenditure per pupil in public elementary and secondary schools: 1919   20 to 1997   98 School year Expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance Expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment 1 Unadjusted dollars Constant 1997   98 2 dollars Unadjusted dollars Constant 1997   98 dollars 2 Total expenditure Current expenditure Total expenditure Current expenditure Total expenditure Current expenditure Total expenditure Current expenditure 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1919   20 ............................................... $ 64 $ 53 $ 543 $ 453 $ 48 $ 40 $ 406 $ 339 1929   30 ............................................... 108 87 1,025 819 90 72 849 678 1931   32 ............................................... 97 81 1,087 910 82 69 920 770 1933   34 ............................................... 76 67 931 824 65 57 791 700 1935   36 ............................................... 88 74 1,035 874 74 63 875 740 1937   38 ............................................... 100 84 1,126 947 86 72 966 813 1939   40 ............................................... 106 88 1,224 1,020 92 76 1,061 884 1941   42 ............................................... 110 98 1,141 1,020 94 84 977 873 1943   44 ............................................... 125 117 1,157 1,086 105 99 975 915 1945   46 ............................................... 146 136 1,293 1,209 124 116 1,102 1,030 1947   48 ............................................... 205 181 1,422 1,260 179 158 1,242 1,100 1949   50 ............................................... 260 210 1,778 1,437 231 187 1,578 1,275 1951   52 ............................................... 314 246 1,935 1,514 275 215 1,694 1,326 1953   54 ............................................... 351 265 2,111 1,593 312 236 1,877 1,416 1955   56 ............................................... 387 294 2,329 1,770 354 269 2,129 1,618 1957   58 ............................................... 447 341 2,534 1,932 408 311 2,311 1,762 1959   60 ............................................... 471 375 2,593 2,065 440 350 2,422 1,929 1961   62 ............................................... 517 419 2,783 2,255 485 393 2,611 2,116 1963   64 ............................................... 559 460 2,930 2,414 520 428 2,727 2,247 1965   66 ............................................... 654 538 3,314 2,726 607 499 3,077 2,530 1967   68 ............................................... 786 658 3,741 3,131 732 612 3,479 2,912 1969   70 ............................................... 955 816 4,089 3,494 879 751 3,764 3,216 1970   71 ............................................... 1,049 911 4,273 3,710 970 842 3,950 3,430 1971   72 ............................................... 1,128 990 4,433 3,890 1,034 908 4,066 3,568 1972   73 ............................................... 1,211 1,077 4,574 4,069 1,117 993 4,219 3,753 1973   74 ............................................... 1,364 1,207 4,731 4,188 1,244 1,101 4,314 3,819 1974   75 ............................................... 1,545 1,365 4,824 4,261 1,423 1,257 4,444 3,926 1975   76 ............................................... 1,697 1,504 4,950 4,385 1,563 1,385 4,558 4,038 1976   77 ............................................... 1,816 1,638 5,005 4,513 1,674 1,509 4,612 4,158 1977   78 ............................................... 2,002 1,823 5,171 4,707 1,842 1,677 4,756 4,329 1978   79 ............................................... 2,210 2,020 5,218 4,771 2,029 1,855 4,792 4,381 1979   80 ............................................... 2,491 2,272 5,189 4,733 2,290 2,088 4,770 4,351 1980   81 ............................................... 3 2,742 2,502 3 5,120 4,671 3 2,529 2,307 3 4,723 4,308 1981   82 ............................................... 3 2,973 2,726 3 5,110 4,685 3 2,754 2,525 3 4,734 4,340 1982   83 ............................................... 3 3,203 2,955 3 5,279 4,870 3 2,966 2,736 3 4,888 4,509 1983   84 ............................................... 3 3,471 3,173 3 5,516 5,043 3 3,216 2,940 3 5,110 4,672 1984   85 ............................................... 3 3,722 3,470 3 5,692 5,307 3 3,456 3,222 3 5,285 4,928 1985   86 ............................................... 3 4,020 3,756 3 5,975 5,582 3 3,724 3,479 3 5,536 5,172 1986   87 ............................................... 3 4,308 3,970 3 6,264 5,773 3 3,995 3,682 3 5,809 5,354 1987   88 ............................................... 3 4,654 4,240 3 6,498 5,920 3 4,310 3,927 3 6,018 5,482 1988   89 ............................................... 5,109 4,645 6,819 6,199 4,738 4,307 6,323 5,748 1989   90 ............................................... 5,550 4,980 7,070 6,343 5,174 4,643 6,591 5,914 1990   91 ............................................... 5,885 5,258 7,108 6,350 5,486 4,902 6,626 5,920 1991   92 ............................................... 6,074 5,421 7,109 6,344 5,629 5,023 6,587 5,879 1992   93 ............................................... 6,281 5,584 7,128 6,337 5,804 5,160 6,587 5,855 1993   94 ............................................... 6,492 5,767 7,181 6,380 5,996 5,327 6,633 5,893 1994   95 ............................................... 6,725 5,989 7,232 6,440 6,208 5,529 6,676 5,945 1995   96 ............................................... 6,961 6,146 7,287 6,434 6,443 5,689 6,745 5,955 1996   97 3 ............................................. 7,233 6,387 7,362 6,501 6,695 5,911 6,814 6,017 1997   98 3 ............................................. 7,502 6,624 7,502 6,624 6,943 6,131 6,943 6,131 1 Data for 1919   20 to 1953   54 are based on school year enrollment. 2 Based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, adjusted to a school year basis. 3 Estimated.

NOTE.   Beginning in 1980   81, state administration expenditures are excluded from both `` total'' and `` current'' expenditures. Beginning in 1988   89, extensive changes were made in the data collection procedures. Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Statistics of State School Systems; Revenues and Expenditures for Public Elementary and Secondary Education; and Common Core of Data surveys. ( This table was prepared July 1998.) 187 CHAPTER 3 Postsecondary Education Postsecondary education includes an array of diverse educational experiences, including a wide range of programs offered by American colleges and universities. For example, a community college may offer vocational training or the first 2 years of training at the college level. A university typically offers a full undergraduate course of study leading to a bachelor's degree as well as first professional and graduate programs leading to advanced degrees. Vocational and technical institutions offer training programs that are designed to prepare students for specific careers. Other types of educational opportunities for adults are provided by community groups, churches libraries, and businesses. This chapter provides an overview of the latest statistics on postsecondary education, which includes academic, vocational, and continuing professional education programs after high school. However, to maintain comparability over time, most of the data in the Digest are for higher education institutions, which include 2 and 4 year colleges and universities and exclude most vocational and continuing education programs. This chapter highlights historical data that enable the reader to observe long range trends in American higher education. Other chapters provide related information on postsecondary education. Data on price indexes and on the number of degrees held by the general population are in chapter 1. Chapter 4 contains tabulations on federal funding for postsecondary education. Information on employment outcomes for college graduates is in chapter 5. Chapter 7 contains data on college libraries and use of computers by young adults. Further information on survey methodologies is in the `` Guide to Sources'' in the appendix and in the publications cited in the source notes.

Enrollment Higher education enrollment increased by 14 percent between 1976 and 1986. Between 1986 and 1996, enrollment increased at the same rate, from 12.5 million to 14.3 million. There was a slight decline in enrollment in the later part of the period from 1992 to 1995, but it was overshadowed by large increases in the late 1980s. Much of this growth was in female enrollment ( table 172). Between 1986 and 1996, the number of men enrolled rose 8 percent, while the number of women increased by 20 percent. Part time enrollment rose by 13 percent compared to an increase of 15 percent in full time enrollment. In addition to the enrollment in accredited 2 year colleges 4 year colleges, and universities, about 541,000 students attended non degree granting postsecondary institutions in fall 1996 ( table 170). The number of older students has been growing more rapidly than the number of younger students, though this pattern is beginning to change. Between 1990 and 1996, the enrollment of students under age 25 increased by 2 percent. During the same period, enrollment of persons 25 and over rose by 6 percent. From 1996 to 2000, NCES projects a rise of 6 percent in enrollments of persons under 25 and an increase of 2 percent in the number 25 and over ( table 174). Enrollment trends have differed at the undergraduate graduate, and first professional levels. Undergraduate enrollment generally increased during the 1970s, but dipped between 1983 and 1985. From 1985 to 1992, undergraduate enrollment increased each year, rising 18 percent before declining slightly between 1993 and 1996. Graduate enrollment had been steady at about 1.3 million in the late 1970s and early 1980s, but rose about 26 percent between 1985 and 1996. After rising very rapidly during the 1970s, enrollment in first professional programs stabilized in the 1980s. There was a 9 percent increase in first professional enrollment between 1985 and 1996 ( tables 187, 188, and 189). Since 1984, the number of women in graduate schools has exceeded the number of men. Between 1986 and 1996, the number of male full time graduate students increased by 22 percent, compared to 66 percent for full time women. Among part time graduate students, the number of men increased by 1 percent compared to a 17 percent increase for women ( table 188). The proportion of American college students who are minorities has been increasing. In 1976, 16 percent were minorities, compared with 26 percent in 1996. Much of the change can be attributed to rising numbers of Hispanic and Asian students. The proportion of Asian and Pacific Islander students rose from 2 percent to 6 percent, and the Hispanic proportion rose from 4 percent to 8 percent during that time 188 POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION period. The proportion of black students fluctuated during most of the early part of the period, before rising to 11 percent in 1996. These percentages exclude foreign students enrolled in U. S. colleges and universities ( table 206). Despite the sizable numbers of small degree granting colleges, most students attend the larger colleges and universities. In fall 1996, 41 percent of institutions had fewer than 1,000 students; however, these campuses enrolled only 4 percent of college students While 10 percent of the campuses enrolled 10,000 or more students, they accounted for 50 percent of total college enrollment ( table 215).

Faculty, Staff, and Salaries The student/ staff ratio at colleges and universities dropped from 5.4 in 1976 to 4.9 in 1995. During the same time period, the student/ faculty ratio dropped from 16.6 to 15.2. The proportion of administrative staff and other nonteaching professional staff rose from 15 percent in 1976 to 22 percent in 1995, while the proportion of nonprofessional staff declined from 42 percent to 34 percent ( table 221). Approximately 2.7 million people were employed in colleges and universities in the fall of 1995, including 1.7 million professional and .9 million nonprofessional staff. About 43 percent of the staff were faculty or teaching assistants, 6 percent were managerial, 17 percent were other nonteaching professionals, and 34 percent were nonprofessional staff ( table 223). Colleges differ in their practices of employing parttime and full time staff. In fall 1995, 50 percent of the employees at public 2 year colleges were employed full time compared with 71 percent at public 4 year colleges and 72 percent at private 4 year colleges. A higher proportion of the faculty at public 4 year colleges were employed full time ( 76 percent) than at private 4 year colleges ( 60 percent) or public 2 year colleges ( 35 percent) ( table 223). Full time and part time faculty and instructional staff also differ by the number and types of students that they teach. In 1992, 67 percent of full time faculty taught 50 students or more, while only 30 percent of part time faculty taught that many students. Part time faculty also taught fewer hours per week. About 46 percent of full time faculty taught for 10 or more hours per week, compared to 18 percent of part time faculty. Of the full time faculty teaching only undergraduate students, 61 percent taught three or more classes, compared to 18 percent of part time faculty ( tables 227 and 228). The proportion of time that full time faculty spent teaching was 55 percent in 1992. For the remaining faculty time, research and scholarship accounted for 18 percent of the time; professional growth, 5 percent administration, 13 percent; outside consulting, 3 percent; service and nonteaching activities, 7 percent ( table 227). About 13 percent of U. S. faculty in colleges and universities were minorities in 1995 ( based on a total excluding nonresident aliens and race unknown persons Five percent of the faculty were black; 4 percent Asian/ Pacific Islanders; 3 percent, Hispanic; and .4 percent, American Indian/ Alaskan Native. The majority of college faculty were white males. Fiftythree percent of faculty fell in this category, while 35 percent were white females. About 14 percent of executive managerial, and administrative staff were minorities in 1995, compared to about 29 percent of the nonprofessional staff. The proportion of minority staff was about the same at public and private institutions, with both types of institutions having 20 percent minority staff ( table 226). The age distribution of full time faculty was concentrated in the middle age brackets in 1992. Faculty under the age of 30 composed 1 percent of the total, but 36 percent were ages 30 to 44, and 36 percent were 45 to 54 years old. Thirteen percent were 55 to 59; 8 percent, 60 to 64; and 5 percent, 65 or older ( table 230). College faculty generally suffered losses in the purchasing power of their salaries from 1972   73 to 1980   81, when average salaries fell 17 percent after adjustment for inflation. During the 1980s, average salaries rose and recouped most of the losses. Between 1992   93 and 1996   97, there was a slight rise in average faculty salaries, but still remaining slightly below the value for 1972   73. Average salaries for men in 1996   97 ($ 54,465) were considerably higher than the average for women ($ 44,325), but women's salaries have increased at a slightly faster rate since 1990   91 ( table 235). The proportion of faculty with tenure has remained relatively stable in recent years. About 65 percent of full time faculty had tenure in 1996   97, but a large difference existed between the proportion of men and women with tenure. Seventy two percent of men compared with 52 percent of women had tenure in 1996   97. About 68 percent of the faculty at public institutions had tenure, compared with 58 percent of faculty at private institutions ( table 240).

Degrees During the 1996   97 academic year, 4,009 accredited institutions offered degrees at the associate degree level or above. This included 2,267 4 year colleges and 1,742 2 year colleges ( table 242). Institutions awarding various higher education degrees in 1995   96 numbered 2,385 for associate degrees, 1,862 for bachelor's degrees, 1,369 for master's degrees and 488 for doctor's degrees ( tables 257). More people are completing college. Between 1985   86 and 1995   96, the number of associate, 189 POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees rose. Associate degrees increased 24 percent, bachelor's degrees increased 18 percent, master's degrees increased 41 percent, and doctor's degrees increased 33 percent during this period. The number of firstprofessional degrees was 4 percent higher in 1995   96 than it was in 1985   86. The number of first professional degrees declined in the mid 1980s before increasing in the first half of the 1990s ( table 244). The total number of bachelor's degrees increased slowly during the early 1980s and more rapidly towards the end of that decade, especially for women. Between 1985   86 and 1995   96, the number of bachelor's degrees awarded to men increased by 8 percent, while those awarded to women rose by 28 percent ( table 244). Of the 1,165,000 bachelor's degrees conferred in 1995   96, the largest numbers of degrees were conferred in the fields of business ( 227,000), social sciences ( 126,000), and education ( 106,000). At the master's degree level, the largest fields were education ( 106,000) and business ( 94,000). The largest fields at the doctor's degree level were education ( 6,700), engineering ( 6,400), biological sciences ( 4,800), and physical sciences ( 4,600) ( tables 250, 251, and 252). The pattern of bachelor's degrees by field of study has shifted significantly in recent years. Declines are significant in some male majority fields such as engineering and computer and information sciences. Engineering and engineering technologies declined 18 percent between 1985   86 and 1990   91, and then posted a further 2 percent decline between 1990   91 and 1995   96. Computer and information sciences grew rapidly during the 1970s and mid 1980s, but dropped 42 percent between 1985   86 and 1995   96 ( table 250). Other technical fields have been driven upwards in recent years, in part, by increasing numbers of female graduates. For example, biological science degrees increased 3 percent between 1985   86 and 1990   91, and then rose 54 percent between 1990   91 and 1995   96. During the later period, the number of male graduates grew 49 percent, while the number of female graduates grew 60 percent ( table 278). After declining by 29 percent overall between 1985   86 and 1990   91, the number of male graduates in the physical sciences rose 13 percent between 1990   91 and 1995   96. The number of female graduates in the physical sciences fell by 13 percent in the first period and rose by 37 percent in the second half ( table 291). Although the number of male graduates in agriculture and natural resources grew by 53 percent between 1990   91 and 1995   96, the number of female graduates grew 84 percent ( table 276). About half ( 53 percent) of the students who enrolled in a 4 year college in 1989   90 had completed their degree by spring 1994. About 7 percent of students had completed an associate degree or other certificate below the bachelor's degree, 15 percent of the students were still enrolled toward a bachelor's degree, and 24 percent were no longer working towards a bachelor's degree ( table 309).

Finances For the 1997   98 academic year, annual prices for undergraduate tuition, room, and board were estimated to be $ 6,788 at public colleges and $ 18,745 at private colleges. Between 1987   88 and 1997   98, prices at public colleges have risen by 20 percent, and prices at private colleges have increased by 28 percent, after adjustment for inflation ( tables 38 and 311). Trend data show increases in the expenditures per student at institutions of higher education through the late 1980s and further increases after 1992. After an adjustment for inflation at colleges and universities, current fund expenditures per student rose about 5 percent between 1985   86 and 1990   91, and another 7 percent between 1990   91 and 1995   96 ( table 335). Scholarships and fellowships have been rising more rapidly than most other types of college expenditures in recent years. At public universities, between 1985   86 and 1995   96, inflation adjusted scholarships and fellowships expenditures per fulltime equivalent student rose 84 percent compared with 9 percent for instruction expenditures per student At private universities during the same period, scholarships and fellowships costs per student rose 67 percent, and the instruction costs rose by 32 percent ( tables 342 and 345). Another rapidly rising expenditure for public colleges during the decade was research, which rose by 29 percent per student at public universities, and by 35 percent at other public 4 year colleges ( tables 342 and 343). 190 POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION Public colleges Private colleges Figure 13. Enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in institutions of higher education: 1960   61 to 1997   98 Bachelor's Master's Doctor's Public colleges Private colleges NOTE. Degree and finance data for 1996   97 and 1997 98 and enrollment data for fall 1997 are estimated.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), " Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education," " Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred," and " Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education" surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Fall Enrollment," " Completions," and " Finance" surveys. $ 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1997 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 School year beginning Degrees, in millions 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1997 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 School year beginning Total expenditures in billions of constant 1997 98 dollars 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1997 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 School year beginning Fall enrollment, in millions 191 POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Fall Enrollment" surveys. Figure 14.   Percentage change in total enrollment of institutions of higher education, by state: Fall 1990 to fall 1996 Increase of 20 percent or more Increase of less than 10 percent Increase of at least 10 percent but less than 20 percent Decrease or no change Percent change WA MT ND OR ID WY SD UT CA NV CO KS NE AZ NM OK TX AK MN IA MO AR TN NC LA FL MS AL GA WI IL KY IN OH WV PA VA DC ME VT NH MA CT SC MI HI RI DE MD NJ NY Under 22 years old 30 years old and over 22 to 24 years old 25 to 29 years old SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), " Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education" survey; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Fall Enrollment" surveys; Projections of Education Statistics to 2008; and U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P 20, " Social and Economic Characteristics of Students," various years. Projected     DC MD DE RI Figure 15.   Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by age: Fall 1970 to fall 2008 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 Year Enrollment in thousands 192 POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), " Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred" survey, and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Completions" surveys. Public college professional staff Public college nonprofessional staff Private college professional staff Private college nonprofessional staff Biological sciences/ life sciences Business and management Education Health professions and related sciences Social sciences and history Visual and performing arts Communications and communications technologies Computer and information sciences Engineering and engineering related technologies Psychology 1985 86 1990 91 1995 96 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 10.5 12.9 8.1 9.6 8.5 13.9 6.3 10.3 FTE students per FTE staff 1976 1995 SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), " Staff" and " Fall Enrollment in Higher Education" surveys, and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Staff" and " Fall Enrollment" surveys. Figure 16. Full time equivalent students per staff member in public and private institutions of higher education: 1976 and 1995 Figure 17. Trends in bachelor's degrees conferred in selected fields of study: 1985 86, 1990 91, and 1995 96 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 Fields of study Degrees 193 POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION Private sources, 4.1% Endowment income, 0.6% State governments, 35.9% Tuition, 18.8% Federal government, 11.1%

Other, 3.3%

Sales and services, 22.2%

Tuition ederal government State governments Local governments Private sources Endowment income Sales and services Other 43 13.8 1.9 0.7 9.1 5.2 21 5.3 Total Revenues = $ 69.8 billion Tuition Federal government ate governments Local governments Sales and services Other 18.8 11.1 35.9 4.1 4.1 0.6 22.2 3.3 Total revenues=$ 123.5 billion Figure 18. Sources of current fund revenue for public institutions of higher education: 1995   96 SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Finance FY96" survey. Local governments, 4.1%

Tuition, 43.0%

Sales and services, 21.0% Other, 5.3% Federal government, 14.4%

State governments, 2.1% Local governments, 0.6%

Private sources, 9.1%

Endowment income, 5.2%

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), " Finance, FY96" survey. Total revenues = $ 74.5 billion Figure 19. Sources of current fund revenue for private institutions of higher education: 1995   96 194 POSTSECONDARY: SUMMARY ENROLLMENT Table 170.   Enrollment and staff in, and degrees conferred by, degree granting and nondegree granting postsecondary institutions: 1995   96 and fall 1995 and 1996 Level of institution, type of degree, and sex of student All postsecondary 1 2 year and 4 year degree granting institutions 2 Non degree granting institutions 3 Total Public Private Total Public Private Total Nonprofit Proprietary Total Nonprofit Proprietary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Enrollment, fall 1996 Total ........................................ 14,908,352 14,367,520 11,120,499 3,247,021 2,942,556 304,465 540,832 199,947 340,885 55,750 285,135 4 year institutions ............... 8,829,284 8,804,193 5,806,036 2,998,157 2,867,181 130,976 25,091 1,278 23,813 19,544 4,269 Men ................................. 4,009,278 3,993,911 2,646,337 1,347,574 1,275,934 71,640 15,367 632 14,735 11,404 3,331 Women ........................... 4,820,006 4,810,282 3,159,699 1,650,583 1,591,247 59,336 9,724 646 9,078 8,140 938 2 year institutions ............... 5,745,842 5,563,327 5,314,463 248,864 75,375 173,489 182,515 114,319 68,196 18,191 50,005 Men ................................. 2,439,373 2,358,914 2,256,116 102,798 29,401 73,397 80,459 56,484 23,975 4,713 19,262 Women ........................... 3,306,469 3,204,413 3,058,347 146,066 45,974 100,092 102,056 57,835 44,221 13,478 30,743 Less than 2 year ................ 333,226           333,226 84,350 248,876 18,015 230,861 Men ................................. 127,947           127,947 39,899 88,048 7,310 80,738 Women ........................... 205,279           205,279 44,451 160,828 10,705 150,123 Staff, fall 1995 4 Total ........................................ 2,770,704 2,662,075 1,865,930 796,145 769,698 26,447 108,629 31,327 77,302 24,941 52,361 Professional staff ............... 1,831,016 1,744,867 1,230,006 514,861 493,375 21,486 86,149 23,384 62,765 19,004 43,761 Administrative ................. 163,314 147,445 82,396 65,049 62,541 2,508 15,869 2,320 13,549 3,385 10,164 Faculty ............................ 988,441 931,706 656,833 274,873 260,900 13,973 56,735 17,597 39,138 12,705 26,433 Faculty assistants ........... 219,218 215,909 181,743 34,166 33,129 1,037 3,309 1,394 1,915 494 1,421 Other professionals ........ 460,043 449,807 309,034 140,773 136,805 3,968 10,236 2,073 8,163 2,420 5,743 Nonprofessional staff ......... 939,688 917,208 635,924 281,284 276,323 4,961 22,480 7,943 14,537 5,937 8,600 Student/ staff ratio .................... 5.5 5.4 5.9 4.0 3.8 9.1 7.8 8.9 7.4 7.3 7.4 Degrees conferred, 1995   96 Less than 1 year awards and 1 to 4 year awards ............. 620,669 240,576 181,340 59,236 13,428 45,808 380,093 126,018 254,075 20,831 233,244 4 year institutions ............... 19,587 19,306 8,728 10,578 7,868 2,710 281   281 281   Men ................................. 9,105 9,039 4,542 4,497 3,049 1,448 66   66 66   Women ........................... 10,482 10,267 4,186 6,081 4,819 1,262 215   215 215   2 year institutions ............... 328,663 221,270 172,612 48,658 5,560 43,098 107,393 73,433 33,960 7,618 26,342 Men ................................. 137,379 94,197 75,546 18,651 2,523 16,128 43,182 33,110 10,072 1,897 8,175 Women ........................... 191,284 127,073 97,066 30,007 3,037 26,970 64,211 40,323 23,888 5,721 18,167 Less than 2 year ................ 272,419           272,419 52,585 219,834 12,932 206,902 Men ................................. 92,541           92,541 23,259 69,282 5,675 63,607 Women ........................... 179,878           179,878 29,326 150,552 7,257 143,295 Associate ................................ 557,858 555,216 454,291 100,925 50,678 50,247 2,642 161 2,481 571 1,910 4 year ................................. 80,347 79,863 36,170 43,693 31,857 11,836 484 55 429 253 176 Men ................................. 34,172 34,003 14,438 19,565 12,046 7,519 169 23 146 92 54 Women ........................... 46,175 45,860 21,732 24,128 19,811 4,317 315 32 283 161 122 2 year ................................. 477,454 475,353 418,121 57,232 18,821 38,411 2,101 88 2,013 318 1,695 Men ................................. 186,321 185,511 162,573 22,938 7,270 15,668 810 51 759 194 565 Women ........................... 291,133 289,842 255,548 34,294 11,551 22,743 1,291 37 1,254 124 1,130 Less than 2 year ................ 57           57 18 39   39 Men ................................. 23           23 17 6   6 Women ........................... 34           34 1 33   33 Bachelor's ............................... 1,166,963 1,164,792 774,070 390,722 379,916 10,806 2,171 194 1,977 1,855 122 Men .................................... 523,652 522,454 350,446 172,008 165,859 6,149 1,198 97 1,101 1,017 84 Women ............................... 643,311 642,338 423,624 218,714 214,057 4,657 973 97 876 838 38 Master's .................................. 407,778 406,301 227,179 179,122 175,263 3,859 1,477   1,477 1,435 42 Men .................................... 180,120 179,081 96,624 82,457 80,397 2,060 1,039   1,039 1,006 33 Women ............................... 227,658 227,220 130,555 96,665 94,866 1,799 438   438 429 9 Doctor's ................................... 44,730 44,652 29,516 15,136 14,853 283 78   78 55 23 Men .................................... 26,903 26,841 17,738 9,103 8,970 133 62   62 47 15 Women ............................... 17,827 17,811 11,778 6,033 5,883 150 16   16 8 8 First professional .................... 76,998 76,734 29,882 46,852 46,532 320 264   264 264   Men .................................... 44,979 44,748 16,586 28,162 27,981 181 231   231 231   Women ............................... 32,019 31,986 13,296 18,690 18,551 139 33   33 33   1 Includes non degree granting institutions with non accredited degree programs.

2 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

3 Preliminary data are for institutions that did not offer accredited 4 year or 2 year degree programs or were not eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Includes some schools with non accredited degree programs. 4 Staff data under degree granting institutions are for institutions of higher education. Staff data under non degree granting institutions are for noncollegiate institutions.   Not available or not applicable.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment,'' `` Staff,'' and `` Completions'' surveys. ( This table was prepared December 1998.) 195 HIGHER EDUCATION: SUMMARY Table 171.   Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in institutions of higher education: 1869   70 to 1995   96 Item 1869   70 1879   80 1889   90 1899   1900 1909   10 1919   20 1929   30 1939   40 1949   50 1959   60 1969   70 1979   80 1989   90 1994   95 1995   96 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Total institutions 1 .................... 563 811 998 977 951 1,041 1,409 1,708 1,851 2,004 2,525 3,152 3,535 3,688 3,706 Total faculty 2 ............................. 3 5,553 3 11,522 3 15,809 23,868 36,480 48,615 82,386 146,929 246,722 380,554 4 450,000 4 675,000 5 824,220 3,5 923,000 5 931,706 Men ........................................ 3 4,887 3 7,328 3 12,704 19,151 29,132 35,807 60,017 106,328 186,189 296,773 4 346,000 4 479,000 5 577,298   562,893 Women ................................... 3 666 3 4,194 3 3,105 4,717 7,348 12,808 22,369 40,601 60,533 83,781 4 104,000 4 196,000 5 246,922   368,813 Total fall enrollment 6 ................. 352,286 3115,817 3 156,756 237,592 3 355,213 597,880 1,100,737 1,494,203 2,659,021 3,639,847 8,004,660 11,569,899 13,538,560 14,278,790 14,261,781 Men ........................................ 341,160 3 77,972 3 100,453 152,254 3 214,648 314,938 619,935 893,250 1,853,068 2,332,617 4,746,201 5,682,877 6,190,015 6,371,898 6,342,539 Women ................................... 311,126 3 37,845 3 56,303 85,338 3 140,565 282,942 480,802 600,953 805,953 1,307,230 3,258,459 5,887,022 7,348,545 7,906,892 7,919,242 Earned degrees conferred Associate, total ...........................                     206,023 400,910 455,102 539,691 7 555,216 Men ........................................                     117,432 183,737 191,195 218,352 7 219,514 Women ...................................                     88,591 217,173 263,907 321,339 7 335,702 Bachelor's, 8 total ......................... 9,371 12,896 15,539 27,410 37,199 48,622 122,484 186,500 432,058 392,440 792,316 929,417 1,051,344 1,160,134 7 1,164,792 Men ........................................ 7,993 10,411 12,857 22,173 28,762 31,980 73,615 109,546 328,841 254,063 451,097 473,611 491,696 526,131 7 522,454 Women ................................... 1,378 2,485 2,682 5,237 8,437 16,642 48,869 76,954 103,217 138,377 341,219 455,806 559,648 634,003 7 642,338 Master's, 9 total ............................ 0 879 1,015 1,583 2,113 4,279 14,969 26,731 58,183 74,435 208,291 298,081 324,301 397,629 7 406,301 Men ........................................ 0 868 821 1,280 1,555 2,985 8,925 16,508 41,220 50,898 125,624 150,749 153,653 178,598 7 179,081 Women ................................... 0 11 194 303 558 1,294 6,044 10,223 16,963 23,537 82,667 147,332 170,648 219,031 7 227,220 First professional, 8 total .............. ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) 34,918 70,131 70,988 75,800 7 76,734 Men ........................................ ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) 33,077 52,716 43,961 44,853 7 44,748 Women ................................... ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) ( 8) 1,841 17,415 27,027 30,947 731,986 Doctor's, total .............................. 1 54 149 382 443 615 2,299 3,290 6,420 9,829 29,866 32,615 38,371 44,446 7 44,652 Men ........................................ 1 51 147 359 399 522 1,946 2,861 5,804 8,801 25,890 22,943 24,401 26,916 7 26,841 Women ................................... 0 3 2 23 44 93 353 429 616 1,028 3,976 9,672 13,970 17,530 7 17,811 Finances, in thousands Current fund revenue .................         $ 76,883 $ 199,922 $ 554,511 $ 715,211 $ 2,374,645 $ 5,785,537 $ 21,515,242 $ 58,519,982 $ 139,635,477 $ 189,120,570 7 $ 197,973,236 Educational and general income ....................................     $ 21,464 $ 35,084 67,917 172,929 483,065 571,288 1,833,845 4,688,352 16,486,177         Current fund expenditures ..........             507,142 674,688 2,245,661 5,601,376 21,043,113 56,913,588 134,655,571 182,968,610 7 190,476,163 Educational and general expenditures ............................             377,903 521,990 1,706,444 4,685,258 16,845,212 44,542,843 105,585,076 144,158,002 7 151,445,605 Value of physical property ..........     95,426 253,599 457,594 747,333 2,065,049 10 2,753,780 4,799,964 13,548,548 42,093,580 83,733,387 164,635,000 212,201,113 7 220,400,104 Market value of endowment funds .......................................     11 78,788 11 194,998 11323,661 11 569,071 11 1,372,068 11 1,686,283 11 2,601,223 11 5,322,080 11,206,632 20,743,045 67,978,726 109,706,704 7 128,837,030 1 Prior to 1979   80, excludes branch campuses.

2 Total number of different individuals ( not reduced to full time equivalent). Beginning in 1959   60, data are for the first term of the academic year. Beginning in 1969   70, data include only instructional faculty with the rank of instructor or above.

3 Estimated.

4 Estimated number of senior instructional staff. Excludes graduate assistants.

5 Because of revised survey procedures, data may not be directly comparable with figures prior to 1989   90.

6 Data for 1869   70 to 1949   50 are for resident degree credit students who enrolled at any time during the academic year.

7 Preliminary data for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

8 From 1869   70 to 1959   60, first professional degrees included under bachelor's degrees. 9 Figures for years prior to 1969   70 are not precisely comparable with later data.

10 Includes unexpended plant funds.

11 Book value. Includes other nonexpendable funds.

  Data not available.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Education Directory, Colleges and Universities; Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities; Earned Degrees Conferred; Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; and Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education,'' `` Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred,'' and `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment,'' ``

Completions and `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 196 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 172.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education, by attendance status, sex of student, and control of institution: 1947 to 1996 Year Total enrollment Attendance status Sex of student Control of institution Full time Part time Men Women Public Private Total Nonprofit Proprietary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Institutions of higher education 1947 1 .............. 2,338,226     1,659,249 678,977 1,152,377 1,185,849     1948 1 .............. 2,403,396     1,709,367 694,029 1,185,588 1,217,808     1949 1 .............. 2,444,900     1,721,572 723,328 1,207,151 1,237,749     1950 1 .............. 2,281,298     1,560,392 720,906 1,139,699 1,141,599     1951 1 .............. 2,101,962     1,390,740 711,222 1,037,938 1,064,024     1952 1 .............. 2,134,242     1,380,357 753,885 1,101,240 1,033,002     1953 1 .............. 2,231,054     1,422,598 808,456 1,185,876 1,045,178     1954 1 .............. 2,446,693     1,563,382 883,311 1,353,531 1,093,162     1955 1 .............. 2,653,034     1,733,184 919,850 1,476,282 1,176,752     1956 1 .............. 2,918,212     1,911,458 1,006,754 1,656,402 1,261,810     1957 ................ 3,323,783     2,170,765 1,153,018 1,972,673 1,351,110     1959 ................ 3,639,847 2,421,016 2 1,218,831 2,332,617 1,307,230 2,180,982 1,458,865     1961 ................ 4,145,065 2,785,133 2 1,359,932 2,585,821 1,559,244 2,561,447 1,583,618     1963 ................ 4,779,609 3,183,833 2 1,595,776 2,961,540 1,818,069 3,081,279 1,698,330     1964 ................ 5,280,020 3,573,238 2 1,706,782 3,248,713 2,031,307 3,467,708 1,812,312     1965 ................ 5,920,864 4,095,728 2 1,825,136 3,630,020 2,290,844 3,969,596 1,951,268     1966 ................ 6,389,872 4,438,606 2 1,951,266 3,856,216 2,533,656 4,348,917 2,040,955     1967 ................ 6,911,748 4,793,128 2 2,118,620 4,132,800 2,778,948 4,816,028 2,095,720     1968 ................ 7,513,091 5,210,155 2,302,936 4,477,649 3,035,442 5,430,652 2,082,439     1969 ................ 8,004,660 5,498,883 2,505,777 4,746,201 3,258,459 5,896,868 2,107,792     1970 ................ 8,580,887 5,816,290 2,764,597 5,043,642 3,537,245 6,428,134 2,152,753     1971 ................ 8,948,644 6,077,232 2,871,412 5,207,004 3,741,640 6,804,309 2,144,335     1972 ................ 9,214,820 6,072,389 3,142,471 5,238,757 3,976,103 7,070,635 2,144,185     1973 ................ 9,602,123 6,189,493 3,412,630 5,371,052 4,231,071 7,419,516 2,182,607     1974 ................ 10,223,729 6,370,273 3,853,456 5,622,429 4,601,300 7,988,500 2,235,229     1975 ................ 11,184,859 6,841,334 4,343,525 6,148,997 5,035,862 8,834,508 2,350,351     1976 ................ 11,012,137 6,717,058 4,295,079 5,810,828 5,201,309 8,653,477 2,358,660 2,314,298 44,362 1977 ................ 11,285,787 6,792,925 4,492,862 5,789,016 5,496,771 8,846,993 2,438,794 2,386,652 52,142 1978 ................ 11,260,092 6,667,657 4,592,435 5,640,998 5,619,094 8,785,893 2,474,199 2,408,331 65,868 1979 ................ 11,569,899 6,794,039 4,775,860 5,682,877 5,887,022 9,036,822 2,533,077 2,461,773 71,304 1980 ................ 12,096,895 7,097,958 4,998,937 5,874,374 6,222,521 9,457,394 2,639,501 2,527,787 3 111,714 1981 ................ 12,371,672 7,181,250 5,190,422 5,975,056 6,396,616 9,647,032 2,724,640 2,572,405 3 152,235 1982 ................ 12,425,780 7,220,618 5,205,162 6,031,384 6,394,396 9,696,087 2,729,693 2,552,739 3 176,954 1983 ................ 12,464,661 7,261,050 5,203,611 6,023,725 6,440,936 9,682,734 2,781,927 2,589,187 192,740 1984 ................ 12,241,940 7,098,388 5,143,552 5,863,574 6,378,366 9,477,370 2,764,570 2,574,419 190,151 1985 ................ 12,247,055 7,075,221 5,171,834 5,818,450 6,428,605 9,479,273 2,767,782 2,571,791 195,991 1986 ................ 12,503,511 7,119,550 5,383,961 5,884,515 6,618,996 9,713,893 2,789,618 2,572,479 4 217,139 1987 ................ 12,766,642 7,231,085 5,535,557 5,932,056 6,834,586 9,973,254 2,793,388 2,602,350 4 191,038 1988 ................ 13,055,337 7,436,768 5,618,569 6,001,896 7,053,441 10,161,388 2,893,949 2,673,567 220,382 1989 ................ 13,538,560 7,660,950 5,877,610 6,190,015 7,348,545 10,577,963 2,960,597 2,731,174 229,423 1990 ................ 13,818,637 7,820,985 5,997,652 6,283,909 7,534,728 10,844,717 2,973,920 2,760,227 213,693 1991 ................ 14,358,953 8,115,329 6,243,624 6,501,844 7,857,109 11,309,563 3,049,390 2,819,041 230,349 1992 ................ 14,487,359 8,162,118 6,325,241 6,523,989 7,963,370 11,384,567 3,102,792 2,872,523 230,269 1993 ................ 14,304,803 8,127,618 6,177,185 6,427,450 7,877,353 11,189,088 3,115,715 2,888,897 226,818 1994 ................ 14,278,790 8,137,776 6,141,014 6,371,898 7,906,892 11,133,680 3,145,110 2,910,107 235,003 1995 ................ 14,261,781 8,128,802 6,132,979 6,342,539 7,919,242 11,092,374 3,169,407 2,929,044 240,363 1996 5 .............. 14,300,255 8,213,490 6,086,765 6,343,992 7,956,263 11,090,171 3,210,084 2,940,557 269,527 Degree granting institutions 6 1996 5 .............. 14,367,520 8,302,953 6,064,567 6,352,825 8,014,695 11,120,499 3,247,021 2,942,556 304,465 1 Degree credit enrollment only.

2 Includes part time resident students and all extension students.

3 Large increases are due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology.

4 Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years.

5 Preliminary data.

6 Data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting higher education institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.   Data not available. NOTE.   Trend tabulations of institutions of higher education data are based on institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education. The Department of Education no longer distinguishes between those institutions and other institutions that are eligible to participate in Title IV programs. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification except that it includes some additional, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award degrees.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' surveys. ( This table was prepared April 1998.) 197 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 173.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by control and type of institution: 1965 to 1996 Year All institutions Public institutions Private institutions Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year Total University Other 4 year Total University Other 4 year Total University Other 4 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Institutions of higher education 1965 1 .................... 5,920,864 4,747,912     1,172,952 3,969,596 2,928,332     1,041,264 1,951,268 1,819,580     131,688 1966 1 .................... 6,389,872 5,063,902     1,325,970 4,348,917 3,159,748     1,189,169 2,040,955 1,904,154     136,801 1967 1 .................... 6,911,748 5,398,986     1,512,762 4,816,028 3,443,975     1,372,053 2,095,720 1,955,011     140,709 1968 1 .................... 7,513,091 5,720,795     1,792,296 5,430,652 3,784,178     1,646,474 2,082,439 1,936,617     145,822 1969 ...................... 8,004,660 5,937,127     2,067,533 5,896,868 3,962,522     1,934,346 2,107,792 1,974,605     133,187 1970 ...................... 8,580,887 6,261,502     2,319,385 6,428,134 4,232,722     2,195,412 2,152,753 2,028,780     123,973 1971 ...................... 8,948,644 6,369,355     2,579,289 6,804,309 4,346,990     2,457,319 2,144,335 2,022,365     121,970 1972 ...................... 9,214,820 6,458,634     2,756,186 7,070,635 4,429,696     2,640,939 2,144,185 2,028,938     115,247 1973 ...................... 9,602,123 6,590,023     3,012,100 7,419,516 4,529,895     2,889,621 2,182,607 2,060,128     122,479 1974 ...................... 10,223,729 6,819,735     3,403,994 7,988,500 4,703,018     3,285,482 2,235,229 2,116,717     118,512 1975 ...................... 11,184,859 7,214,740 2,838,266 4,376,474 3,970,119 8,834,508 4,998,142 2,124,221 2,873,921 3,836,366 2,350,351 2,216,598 714,045 1,502,553 133,753 1976 ...................... 11,012,137 7,128,816 2,780,289 4,348,527 3,883,321 8,653,477 4,901,691 2,079,929 2,821,762 3,751,786 2,358,660 2,227,125 700,360 1,526,765 131,535 1977 ...................... 11,285,787 7,242,845 2,793,418 4,449,427 4,042,942 8,846,993 4,945,224 2,070,032 2,875,192 3,901,769 2,438,794 2,297,621 723,386 1,574,235 141,173 1978 ...................... 11,260,092 7,231,625 2,780,729 4,451,222 4,028,467 8,785,893 4,912,203 2,062,295 2,849,908 3,873,690 2,474,199 2,319,422 718,434 1,601,314 154,777 1979 ...................... 11,569,899 7,353,233 2,839,582 4,513,651 4,216,666 9,036,822 4,980,012 2,099,525 2,880,487 4,056,810 2,533,077 2,373,221 740,057 1,633,164 159,856 1980 ...................... 12,096,895 7,570,608 2,902,014 4,668,594 4,526,287 9,457,394 5,128,612 2,154,283 2,974,329 4,328,782 2,639,501 2,441,996 747,731 1,694,265 2 197,505 1981 ...................... 12,371,672 7,655,461 2,901,344 4,754,117 4,716,211 9,647,032 5,166,324 2,152,474 3,013,850 4,480,708 2,724,640 2,489,137 748,870 1,740,267 2 235,503 1982 ...................... 12,425,780 7,654,074 2,883,735 4,770,339 4,771,706 9,696,087 5,176,434 2,152,547 3,023,887 4,519,653 2,729,693 2,477,640 731,188 1,746,452 252,053 1983 ...................... 12,464,661 7,741,195 2,888,813 4,852,382 4,723,466 9,682,734 5,223,404 2,154,790 3,068,614 4,459,330 2,781,927 2,517,791 734,023 1,783,768 264,136 1984 ...................... 12,241,940 7,711,167 2,870,329 4,840,838 4,530,773 9,477,370 5,198,273 2,138,621 3,059,652 4,279,097 2,764,570 2,512,894 731,708 1,781,186 251,676 1985 ...................... 12,247,055 7,715,978 2,870,692 4,845,286 4,531,077 9,479,273 5,209,540 2,141,112 3,068,428 4,269,733 2,767,782 2,506,438 729,580 1,776,858 261,344 1986 ...................... 12,503,511 7,823,963 2,897,207 4,926,756 4,679,548 9,713,893 5,300,202 2,160,646 3,139,556 4,413,691 2,789,618 2,523,761 736,561 1,787,200 3 265,857 1987 ...................... 12,766,642 7,990,420 2,929,327 5,061,093 4,776,222 9,973,254 5,432,200 2,188,008 3,244,192 4,541,054 2,793,388 2,558,220 741,319 1,816,901 3 235,168 1988 ...................... 13,055,337 8,180,182 2,978,593 5,201,589 4,875,155 10,161,388 5,545,901 2,229,868 3,316,033 4,615,487 2,893,949 2,634,281 748,725 1,885,556 259,668 1989 ...................... 13,538,560 8,387,671 3,019,115 5,368,556 5,150,889 10,577,963 5,694,303 2,266,056 3,428,247 4,883,660 2,960,597 2,693,368 753,059 1,940,309 267,229 1990 ...................... 13,818,637 8,578,554 3,044,670 5,533,884 5,240,083 10,844,717 5,848,242 2,290,464 3,557,778 4,996,475 2,973,920 2,730,312 754,206 1,976,106 243,608 1991 ...................... 14,358,953 8,707,053 3,065,429 5,641,624 5,651,900 11,309,563 5,904,748 2,301,222 3,603,526 5,404,815 3,049,390 2,802,305 764,207 2,038,098 247,085 1992 ...................... 14,487,359 8,764,969 3,050,345 5,714,624 5,722,390 11,384,567 5,900,012 2,283,834 3,616,178 5,484,555 3,102,792 2,864,957 766,511 2,098,446 237,835 1993 ...................... 14,304,803 8,738,936 3,022,728 5,716,208 5,565,867 11,189,088 5,851,760 2,259,692 3,592,068 5,337,328 3,115,715 2,887,176 763,036 2,124,140 228,539 1994 ...................... 14,278,790 8,749,080 3,009,072 5,740,008 5,529,710 11,133,680 5,825,213 2,244,636 3,580,577 5,308,467 3,145,110 2,923,867 764,436 2,159,431 221,243 1995 ...................... 14,261,781 8,769,252 2,999,641 5,769,611 5,492,529 11,092,374 5,814,545 2,235,939 3,578,606 5,277,829 3,169,407 2,954,707 763,702 2,191,005 214,700 1996 4 .................... 14,300,255 8,802,835 2,984,965 5,817,870 5,497,420 11,090,171 5,806,904 2,226,529 3,580,375 5,283,267 3,210,084 2,995,931 758,436 2,237,495 214,153 Degree granting institutions 5 1996 4 .................... 14,367,520 8,804,193 2,984,965 5,819,228 5,563,327 11,120,499 5,806,036 2,226,529 3,579,507 5,314,463 3,247,021 2,998,157 758,436 2,239,721 248,864 1 Data for 2   year branch campuses of 4   year institutions are included with the 4   year institutions.

2 Large increases are due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology.

3 Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years.

4 Preliminary data.

5 Data are for 4   year and 2   year degree granting higher education institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

  Data not available.

NOTE.   Trend tabulations of institutions of higher education data are based on institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education. The Department of Education no longer distinguishes between those institutions and other institutions that are eligible to participate in Title IV programs The new degree granting clasification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2   year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award degrees.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' surveys. ( This table was prepared April 1998.) 198 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 174.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education, by attendance status, sex, and age: 1970 to 2008 [ In thousands]

Sex and age 1970 1975 1980 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 Projected 1997 1998 1999 2000 2008 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Men and women, total ........ 8,581 11,185 12,097 13,819 14,305 14,279 14,262 14,300 14,350 14,590 14,758 14,889 16,083 14 to 17 years old ............ 259 278 247 177 127 138 148 229 187 201 202 209 252 18 and 19 years old ......... 2,600 2,786 2,901 2,950 2,840 2,787 2,894 3,004 3,089 3,247 3,347 3,390 3,842 20 and 21 years old ......... 1,880 2,243 2,424 2,761 2,674 2,724 2,705 2,643 2,644 2,720 2,778 2,890 3,228 22 to 24 years old ............ 1,457 1,753 1,989 2,144 2,570 2,482 2,411 2,316 2,138 2,115 2,150 2,171 2,535 25 to 29 years old ............ 1,074 1,774 1,871 1,982 2,002 1,985 2,120 2,124 2,028 1,994 1,946 1,895 2,130 30 to 34 years old ............ 487 967 1,243 1,322 1,345 1,414 1,236 1,194 1,249 1,247 1,242 1,245 1,236 35 years old and over ...... 823 1,383 1,421 2,484 2,747 2,750 2,747 2,790 3,014 3,066 3,091 3,089 2,861 Men ................................... 5,044 6,149 5,874 6,284 6,427 6,372 6,343 6,344 6,239 6,324 6,383 6,442 6,906 14 to 17 years old ......... 130 126 99 87 54 62 61 92 88 98 94 99 110 18 and 19 years old ...... 1,349 1,397 1,375 1,421 1,288 1,302 1,338 1,342 1,374 1,434 1,474 1,492 1,667 20 and 21 years old ...... 1,095 1,245 1,259 1,368 1,284 1,264 1,282 1,224 1,215 1,246 1,271 1,323 1,456 22 to 24 years old ......... 964 1,047 1,064 1,107 1,344 1,238 1,153 1,175 1,038 1,030 1,050 1,063 1,227 25 to 29 years old ......... 783 1,122 993 940 903 936 962 993 954 942 922 899 1,001 30 to 34 years old ......... 308 557 576 537 584 601 561 480 561 555 550 548 523 35 years old and over ... 415 654 507 824 970 969 986 1,039 1,009 1,019 1,022 1,019 922 Women ............................. 3,537 5,036 6,223 7,535 7,877 7,907 7,919 7,956 8,111 8,266 8,375 8,447 9,177 14 to 17 years old ......... 129 152 148 90 73 75 87 137 99 103 108 110 142 18 and 19 years old ...... 1,250 1,389 1,526 1,529 1,552 1,485 1,557 1,662 1,715 1,813 1,872 1,898 2,176 20 and 21 years old ...... 786 998 1,165 1,392 1,391 1,461 1,424 1,419 1,429 1,474 1,507 1,567 1,772 22 to 24 years old ......... 493 706 925 1,037 1,226 1,243 1,258 1,141 1,101 1,085 1,101 1,108 1,307 25 to 29 years old ......... 291 652 878 1,043 1,098 1,049 1,159 1,131 1,075 1,052 1,025 996 1,128 30 to 34 years old ......... 179 410 667 784 761 812 675 714 688 692 693 697 712 35 years old and over ... 409 729 914 1,659 1,777 1,781 1,760 1,752 2,004 2,047 2,069 2,070 1,939 Full time ............................ 5,816 6,841 7,098 7,821 8,128 8,138 8,129 8,213 8,091 8,280 8,426 8,543 9,562 14 to 17 years old ......... 242 253 223 144 92 118 123 164 160 166 173 176 216 18 and 19 years old ...... 2,406 2,619 2,669 2,548 2,370 2,321 2,387 2,516 2,649 2,799 2,892 2,933 3,341 20 and 21 years old ...... 1,647 1,910 2,075 2,151 2,148 2,178 2,109 2,098 2,112 2,185 2,239 2,334 2,625 22 to 24 years old ......... 881 924 1,121 1,350 1,612 1,551 1,517 1,586 1,344 1,329 1,351 1,363 1,599 25 to 29 years old ......... 407 630 577 770 839 869 908 902 827 803 777 751 845 30 to 34 years old ......... 100 264 251 387 424 440 430 379 404 399 393 389 375 35 years old and over ... 134 241 182 471 643 660 653 568 595 600 601 597 561 Men ............................... 3,505 3,927 3,689 3,808 3,891 3,855 3,807 3,816 3,667 3,718 3,768 3,816 4,182 14 to 17 years old ..... 124 114 87 71 37 51 54 71 77 78 80 80 91 18 and 19 years old .. 1,265 1,329 1,270 1,230 1,079 1,081 1,091 1,111 1,167 1,223 1,260 1,277 1,427 20 and 21 years old .. 990 1,074 1,109 1,055 1,003 1,029 999 961 956 984 1,006 1,049 1,155 22 to 24 years old ..... 650 633 665 742 896 811 789 853 679 670 680 687 790 25 to 29 years old ..... 327 445 360 401 443 457 454 440 414 401 387 375 411 30 to 34 years old ..... 72 181 124 156 180 193 183 143 171 166 163 161 149 35 years old and over 75 149 74 152 253 232 238 237 205 197 191 186 159 Women .......................... 2,311 2,915 3,409 4,013 4,237 4,283 4,321 4,398 4,424 4,562 4,658 4,727 5,380 14 to 17 years old ..... 117 138 136 73 55 67 69 93 84 88 93 95 125 18 and 19 years old .. 1,140 1,290 1,399 1,318 1,291 1,240 1,296 1,405 1,482 1,576 1,632 1,657 1,914 20 and 21 years old .. 657 835 966 1,096 1,145 1,149 1,111 1,137 1,156 1,201 1,233 1,285 1,469 22 to 24 years old ..... 231 291 456 608 716 740 729 734 665 660 671 675 810 25 to 29 years old ..... 80 185 217 369 396 412 455 462 413 402 389 376 434 30 to 34 years old ..... 28 83 127 231 244 247 247 236 234 232 230 228 226 35 years old and over 59 92 108 319 390 428 415 331 390 403 410 411 402 Part time ........................... 2,765 4,344 4,998 5,998 6,177 6,141 6,133 6,087 6,259 6,310 6,332 6,346 6,520 14 to 17 years old ......... 17 42 38 32 35 19 25 65 27 35 29 33 36 18 and 19 years old ...... 194 340 418 402 470 466 507 488 440 448 454 456 501 20 and 21 years old ...... 233 447 441 610 526 546 596 544 533 535 539 557 603 22 to 24 years old ......... 576 717 844 794 958 930 894 729 794 786 799 808 935 25 to 29 years old ......... 668 1,032 1,209 1,213 1,163 1,116 1,212 1,222 1,201 1,191 1,170 1,144 1,285 30 to 34 years old ......... 388 670 905 935 921 973 805 815 845 849 850 856 860 35 years old and over ... 689 1,098 1,145 2,012 2,104 2,091 2,093 2,222 2,419 2,466 2,490 2,491 2,300 Men ............................... 1,540 2,222 2,185 2,476 2,537 2,517 2,535 2,528 2,572 2,606 2,615 2,626 2,724 14 to 17 years old ..... 5 18 17 16 17 11 7 21 12 20 14 18 19 18 and 19 years old .. 84 153 202 191 210 220 246 231 207 211 214 215 239 20 and 21 years old .. 105 219 201 313 281 235 283 263 260 263 265 274 300 22 to 24 years old ..... 314 358 392 365 448 427 365 323 359 360 370 375 438 25 to 29 years old ..... 456 631 594 539 460 479 508 553 540 541 534 524 590 30 to 34 years old ..... 236 361 397 381 404 408 378 337 390 389 387 387 374 35 years old and over 340 486 382 672 717 737 748 801 805 822 831 833 763 Women .......................... 1,225 2,121 2,814 3,521 3,640 3,624 3,598 3,558 3,687 3,704 3,717 3,720 3,797 14 to 17 years old ..... 12 24 20 17 18 8 18 45 15 15 15 15 17 18 and 19 years old .. 110 188 215 211 261 245 261 257 233 237 240 241 262 20 and 21 years old .. 128 228 240 297 245 311 313 282 273 273 274 283 303 22 to 24 years old ..... 262 359 452 429 510 504 529 407 436 425 430 433 497 25 to 29 years old ..... 212 401 616 674 702 637 704 669 661 650 636 620 695 30 to 34 years old ..... 151 309 507 554 517 565 427 478 455 460 463 469 487 35 years old and over 349 612 762 1,340 1,386 1,354 1,345 1,421 1,614 1,644 1,659 1,659 1,537 NOTE.   Distributions by age are estimates based on samples of the civilian noninstitutional population. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. Historical numbers may differ from those in previous editions.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' surveys; Projections of Education Statistics to 2008; and U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, `` Social and Economic Characteristics of Students,'' various years. ( This table was prepared September 1998.) 199 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 175.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level, sex, age, and attendance status of student: 1995 Attendance status and age of student All levels Undergraduate First professional Graduate Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 All students .......................... 14,261,781 6,342,539 7,919,242 12,231,719 5,401,130 6,830,589 297,592 173,897 123,695 1,732,470 767,512 964,958 Under 18 ........................... 285,383 114,735 170,648 284,759 114,456 170,303 77 40 37 547 239 308 18 and 19 ......................... 2,796,149 1,256,770 1,539,379 2,794,635 1,256,001 1,538,634 352 179 173 1,162 590 572 20 and 21 ......................... 2,617,440 1,220,653 1,396,787 2,597,107 1,211,777 1,385,330 7,366 3,249 4,117 12,967 5,627 7,340 22 to 24 ............................ 2,356,678 1,157,227 1,199,451 1,991,784 991,364 1,000,420 107,149 58,389 48,760 257,745 107,474 150,271 25 to 29 ............................ 2,113,799 1,008,579 1,105,220 1,484,742 690,986 793,756 110,853 68,846 42,007 518,204 248,747 269,457 30 to 34 ............................ 1,295,176 561,110 734,066 954,866 380,067 574,799 33,729 21,577 12,152 306,581 159,466 147,115 35 to 39 ............................ 980,171 376,083 604,088 757,416 272,998 484,418 16,661 10,089 6,572 206,094 92,996 113,098 40 to 49 ............................ 1,234,660 427,681 806,979 910,307 309,117 601,190 15,529 8,496 7,033 308,824 110,068 198,756 50 to 64 ............................ 356,036 123,342 232,694 269,524 94,144 175,380 3,408 1,696 1,712 83,104 27,502 55,602 65 and over ...................... 80,950 33,454 47,496 75,125 30,799 44,326 336 192 144 5,489 2,463 3,026 Age unknown .................... 145,339 62,905 82,434 111,454 49,421 62,033 2,132 1,144 988 31,753 12,340 19,413 Full time ................................. 8,128,802 3,807,392 4,321,410 7,145,268 3,296,610 3,848,658 266,414 155,056 111,358 717,120 355,726 361,394 Under 18 ........................... 115,479 45,123 70,356 115,193 44,988 70,205 61 30 31 225 105 120 18 and 19 ......................... 2,395,257 1,072,206 1,323,051 2,394,042 1,071,549 1,322,493 345 176 169 870 481 389 20 and 21 ......................... 2,088,263 977,094 1,111,169 2,070,547 969,175 1,101,372 7,260 3,199 4,061 10,456 4,720 5,736 22 to 24 ............................ 1,501,692 771,189 730,503 1,224,186 637,463 586,723 104,110 56,754 47,356 173,396 76,972 96,424 25 to 29 ............................ 951,825 493,254 458,571 597,685 295,896 301,789 101,168 62,741 38,427 252,972 134,617 118,355 30 to 34 ............................ 423,324 191,737 231,587 280,133 108,369 171,764 27,121 17,307 9,814 116,070 66,061 50,009 35 to 39 ............................ 265,514 104,568 160,946 191,114 66,111 125,003 12,180 7,296 4,884 62,220 31,161 31,059 40 to 49 ............................ 279,755 106,129 173,626 194,854 70,101 124,753 10,284 5,580 4,704 74,617 30,448 44,169 50 to 64 ............................ 57,402 22,360 35,042 38,184 14,816 23,368 2,068 1,025 1,043 17,150 6,519 10,631 65 and over ...................... 6,615 3,282 3,333 5,481 2,679 2,802 236 139 97 898 464 434 Age unknown .................... 43,676 20,450 23,226 33,849 15,463 18,386 1,581 809 772 8,246 4,178 4,068 Part time ................................ 6,132,979 2,535,147 3,597,832 5,086,451 2,104,520 2,981,931 31,178 18,841 12,337 1,015,350 411,786 603,564 Under 18 ........................... 169,904 69,612 100,292 169,566 69,468 100,098 16 10 6 322 134 188 18 and 19 ......................... 400,892 184,564 216,328 400,593 184,452 216,141 7 3 4 292 109 183 20 and 21 ......................... 529,177 243,559 285,618 526,560 242,602 283,958 106 50 56 2,511 907 1,604 22 to 24 ............................ 854,986 386,038 468,948 767,598 353,901 413,697 3,039 1,635 1,404 84,349 30,502 53,847 25 to 29 ............................ 1,161,974 515,325 646,649 887,057 395,090 491,967 9,685 6,105 3,580 265,232 114,130 151,102 30 to 34 ............................ 871,852 369,373 502,479 674,733 271,698 403,035 6,608 4,270 2,338 190,511 93,405 97,106 35 to 39 ............................ 714,657 271,515 443,142 566,302 206,887 359,415 4,481 2,793 1,688 143,874 61,835 82,039 40 to 49 ............................ 954,905 321,552 633,353 715,453 239,016 476,437 5,245 2,916 2,329 234,207 79,620 154,587 50 to 64 ............................ 298,634 100,982 197,652 231,340 79,328 152,012 1,340 671 669 65,954 20,983 44,971 65 and over ...................... 74,335 30,172 44,163 69,644 28,120 41,524 100 53 47 4,591 1,999 2,592 Age unknown .................... 101,663 42,455 59,208 77,605 33,958 43,647 551 335 216 23,507 8,162 15,345 Percentage distribution All students .......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 18 ........................... 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.5 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 18 and 19 ......................... 19.6 19.8 19.4 22.8 23.3 22.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 20 and 21 ......................... 18.4 19.2 17.6 21.2 22.4 20.3 2.5 1.9 3.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 22 to 24 ............................ 16.5 18.2 15.1 16.3 18.4 14.6 36.0 33.6 39.4 14.9 14.0 15.6 25 to 29 ............................ 14.8 15.9 14.0 12.1 12.8 11.6 37.2 39.6 34.0 29.9 32.4 27.9 30 to 34 ............................ 9.1 8.8 9.3 7.8 7.0 8.4 11.3 12.4 9.8 17.7 20.8 15.2 35 to 39 ............................ 6.9 5.9 7.6 6.2 5.1 7.1 5.6 5.8 5.3 11.9 12.1 11.7 40 to 49 ............................ 8.7 6.7 10.2 7.4 5.7 8.8 5.2 4.9 5.7 17.8 14.3 20.6 50 to 64 ............................ 2.5 1.9 2.9 2.2 1.7 2.6 1.1 1.0 1.4 4.8 3.6 5.8 65 and over ...................... 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 Age unknown .................... 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 2.0 Full time ................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 18 ........................... 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.8 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 18 and 19 ......................... 29.5 28.2 30.6 33.5 32.5 34.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 20 and 21 ......................... 25.7 25.7 25.7 29.0 29.4 28.6 2.7 2.1 3.6 1.5 1.3 1.6 22 to 24 ............................ 18.5 20.3 16.9 17.1 19.3 15.2 39.1 36.6 42.5 24.2 21.6 26.7 25 to 29 ............................ 11.7 13.0 10.6 8.4 9.0 7.8 38.0 40.5 34.5 35.3 37.8 32.7 30 to 34 ............................ 5.2 5.0 5.4 3.9 3.3 4.5 10.2 11.2 8.8 16.2 18.6 13.8 35 to 39 ............................ 3.3 2.7 3.7 2.7 2.0 3.2 4.6 4.7 4.4 8.7 8.8 8.6 40 to 49 ............................ 3.4 2.8 4.0 2.7 2.1 3.2 3.9 3.6 4.2 10.4 8.6 12.2 50 to 64 ............................ 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.9 2.4 1.8 2.9 65 and over ...................... 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Age unknown .................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.1 Part time ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 18 ........................... 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.4 0.1 0.1 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 18 and 19 ......................... 6.5 7.3 6.0 7.9 8.8 7.2 ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) 20 and 21 ......................... 8.6 9.6 7.9 10.4 11.5 9.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 22 to 24 ............................ 13.9 15.2 13.0 15.1 16.8 13.9 9.7 8.7 11.4 8.3 7.4 8.9 25 to 29 ............................ 18.9 20.3 18.0 17.4 18.8 16.5 31.1 32.4 29.0 26.1 27.7 25.0 30 to 34 ............................ 14.2 14.6 14.0 13.3 12.9 13.5 21.2 22.7 19.0 18.8 22.7 16.1 35 to 39 ............................ 11.7 10.7 12.3 11.1 9.8 12.1 14.4 14.8 13.7 14.2 15.0 13.6 40 to 49 ............................ 15.6 12.7 17.6 14.1 11.4 16.0 16.8 15.5 18.9 23.1 19.3 25.6 50 to 64 ............................ 4.9 4.0 5.5 4.5 3.8 5.1 4.3 3.6 5.4 6.5 5.1 7.5 65 and over ...................... 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 Age unknown .................... 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.3 2.0 2.5 1 Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to 100.0 percent. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, `` Fall Enrollment, 1995'' survey. ( This table was prepared January 1997.) 200 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 176.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education, by type and control of institution, and age and attendance status of student: 1995 Attendance status and age of student All institutions Public institutions Private institutions Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year Total 4 year 2 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All students .................................................................................. 14,261,781 8,769,252 5,492,529 11,092,374 5,814,545 5,277,829 3,169,407 2,954,707 214,700 Under 18 ................................................................................... 285,383 120,128 165,255 232,944 71,696 161,248 52,439 48,432 4,007 18 and 19 ................................................................................. 2,796,149 1,771,315 1,024,834 2,149,691 1,171,170 978,521 646,458 600,145 46,313 20 and 21 ................................................................................. 2,617,440 1,803,281 814,159 2,006,878 1,225,544 781,334 610,562 577,737 32,825 22 to 24 .................................................................................... 2,356,678 1,619,883 736,795 1,888,417 1,183,191 705,226 468,261 436,692 31,569 25 to 29 .................................................................................... 2,113,799 1,323,542 790,257 1,629,437 872,668 756,769 484,362 450,874 33,488 30 to 34 .................................................................................... 1,295,176 710,029 585,147 1,009,461 446,471 562,990 285,715 263,558 22,157 35 to 39 .................................................................................... 980,171 500,210 479,961 769,045 306,134 462,911 211,126 194,076 17,050 40 to 49 .................................................................................... 1,234,660 650,510 584,150 967,950 401,321 566,629 266,710 249,189 17,521 50 to 64 .................................................................................... 356,036 159,542 196,494 286,672 94,425 192,247 69,364 65,117 4,247 65 and over .............................................................................. 80,950 19,877 61,073 74,103 13,424 60,679 6,847 6,453 394 Age unknown ............................................................................ 145,339 90,935 54,404 77,776 28,501 49,275 67,563 62,434 5,129 Full time ......................................................................................... 8,128,802 6,151,755 1,977,047 5,925,301 4,084,711 1,840,590 2,203,501 2,067,044 136,457 Under 18 ................................................................................... 115,479 74,749 40,730 80,738 42,529 38,209 34,741 32,220 2,521 18 and 19 ................................................................................. 2,395,257 1,697,545 697,712 1,766,874 1,111,423 655,451 628,383 586,122 42,261 20 and 21 ................................................................................. 2,088,263 1,665,857 422,406 1,512,500 1,115,658 396,842 575,763 550,199 25,564 22 to 24 .................................................................................... 1,501,692 1,243,540 258,152 1,136,955 899,614 237,341 364,737 343,926 20,811 25 to 29 .................................................................................... 951,825 741,706 210,119 675,068 483,407 191,661 276,757 258,299 18,458 30 to 34 .................................................................................... 423,324 296,556 126,768 303,791 187,311 116,480 119,533 109,245 10,288 35 to 39 .................................................................................... 265,514 174,137 91,377 189,805 105,424 84,381 75,709 68,713 6,996 40 to 49 .................................................................................... 279,755 185,797 93,958 196,730 109,114 87,616 83,025 76,683 6,342 50 to 64 .................................................................................... 57,402 36,010 21,392 38,404 18,391 20,013 18,998 17,619 1,379 65 and over .............................................................................. 6,615 3,115 3,500 4,637 1,238 3,399 1,978 1,877 101 Age unknown ............................................................................ 43,676 32,743 10,933 19,799 10,602 9,197 23,877 22,141 1,736 Part time ........................................................................................ 6,132,979 2,617,497 3,515,482 5,167,073 1,729,834 3,437,239 965,906 887,663 78,243 Under 18 ................................................................................... 169,904 45,379 124,525 152,206 29,167 123,039 17,698 16,212 1,486 18 and 19 ................................................................................. 400,892 73,770 327,122 382,817 59,747 323,070 18,075 14,023 4,052 20 and 21 ................................................................................. 529,177 137,424 391,753 494,378 109,886 384,492 34,799 27,538 7,261 22 to 24 .................................................................................... 854,986 376,343 478,643 751,462 283,577 467,885 103,524 92,766 10,758 25 to 29 .................................................................................... 1,161,974 581,836 580,138 954,369 389,261 565,108 207,605 192,575 15,030 30 to 34 .................................................................................... 871,852 413,473 458,379 705,670 259,160 446,510 166,182 154,313 11,869 35 to 39 .................................................................................... 714,657 326,073 388,584 579,240 200,710 378,530 135,417 125,363 10,054 40 to 49 .................................................................................... 954,905 464,713 490,192 771,220 292,207 479,013 183,685 172,506 11,179 50 to 64 .................................................................................... 298,634 123,532 175,102 248,268 76,034 172,234 50,366 47,498 2,868 65 and over .............................................................................. 74,335 16,762 57,573 69,466 12,186 57,280 4,869 4,576 293 Age unknown ............................................................................ 101,663 58,192 43,471 57,977 17,899 40,078 43,686 40,293 3,393 Percentage distribution All students .................................................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 18 ................................................................................... 2.0 1.4 3.0 2.1 1.2 3.1 1.7 1.6 1.9 18 and 19 ................................................................................. 19.6 20.2 18.7 19.4 20.1 18.5 20.4 20.3 21.6 20 and 21 ................................................................................. 18.4 20.6 14.8 18.1 21.1 14.8 19.3 19.6 15.3 22 to 24 .................................................................................... 16.5 18.5 13.4 17.0 20.3 13.4 14.8 14.8 14.7 25 to 29 .................................................................................... 14.8 15.1 14.4 14.7 15.0 14.3 15.3 15.3 15.6 30 to 34 .................................................................................... 9.1 8.1 10.7 9.1 7.7 10.7 9.0 8.9 10.3 35 to 39 .................................................................................... 6.9 5.7 8.7 6.9 5.3 8.8 6.7 6.6 7.9 40 to 49 .................................................................................... 8.7 7.4 10.6 8.7 6.9 10.7 8.4 8.4 8.2 50 to 64 .................................................................................... 2.5 1.8 3.6 2.6 1.6 3.6 2.2 2.2 2.0 65 and over .............................................................................. 0.6 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 Age unknown ............................................................................ 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.9 2.1 2.1 2.4 Full time ......................................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 18 ................................................................................... 1.4 1.2 2.1 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.6 1.6 1.8 18 and 19 ................................................................................. 29.5 27.6 35.3 29.8 27.2 35.6 28.5 28.4 31.0 20 and 21 ................................................................................. 25.7 27.1 21.4 25.5 27.3 21.6 26.1 26.6 18.7 22 to 24 .................................................................................... 18.5 20.2 13.1 19.2 22.0 12.9 16.6 16.6 15.3 25 to 29 .................................................................................... 11.7 12.1 10.6 11.4 11.8 10.4 12.6 12.5 13.5 30 to 34 .................................................................................... 5.2 4.8 6.4 5.1 4.6 6.3 5.4 5.3 7.5 35 to 39 .................................................................................... 3.3 2.8 4.6 3.2 2.6 4.6 3.4 3.3 5.1 40 to 49 .................................................................................... 3.4 3.0 4.8 3.3 2.7 4.8 3.8 3.7 4.6 50 to 64 .................................................................................... 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.5 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.0 65 and over .............................................................................. 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 Age unknown ............................................................................ 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.3 Part time ........................................................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Under 18 ................................................................................... 2.8 1.7 3.5 2.9 1.7 3.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 18 and 19 ................................................................................. 6.5 2.8 9.3 7.4 3.5 9.4 1.9 1.6 5.2 20 and 21 ................................................................................. 8.6 5.3 11.1 9.6 6.4 11.2 3.6 3.1 9.3 22 to 24 .................................................................................... 13.9 14.4 13.6 14.5 16.4 13.6 10.7 10.5 13.7 25 to 29 .................................................................................... 18.9 22.2 16.5 18.5 22.5 16.4 21.5 21.7 19.2 30 to 34 .................................................................................... 14.2 15.8 13.0 13.7 15.0 13.0 17.2 17.4 15.2 35 to 39 .................................................................................... 11.7 12.5 11.1 11.2 11.6 11.0 14.0 14.1 12.8 40 to 49 .................................................................................... 15.6 17.8 13.9 14.9 16.9 13.9 19.0 19.4 14.3 50 to 64 .................................................................................... 4.9 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.4 5.0 5.2 5.4 3.7 65 and over .............................................................................. 1.2 0.6 1.6 1.3 0.7 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 Age unknown ............................................................................ 1.7 2.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 4.5 4.5 4.3 NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to 100.0 percent. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, `` Fall Enrollment, 1995'' survey. ( This table was prepared January 1997.) 201 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 177.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by level of enrollment, sex, attendance status, and type and control of institution: 1996 1 Attendance status, and type and control of institution Total Undergraduate First professional Graduate Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Higher education institutions Total .................................................. 14,300,255 6,343,992 7,956,263 12,259,417 5,411,058 6,848,359 297,739 172,462 125,277 1,743,099 760,472 982,627 Full time ................................................ 8,213,490 3,815,519 4,397,971 7,210,698 3,303,961 3,906,737 266,812 153,983 112,829 735,980 357,575 378,405 Part time ............................................... 6,086,765 2,528,473 3,558,292 5,048,719 2,107,097 2,941,622 30,927 18,479 12,448 1,007,119 402,897 604,222 Total 4 year ........................................... 8,802,835 3,995,901 4,806,934 6,762,544 3,063,089 3,699,455 297,739 172,462 125,277 1,742,552 760,350 982,202 Full time ............................................. 6,226,868 2,933,912 3,292,956 5,224,166 2,422,374 2,801,792 266,812 153,983 112,829 735,890 357,555 378,335 Part time ............................................ 2,575,967 1,061,989 1,513,978 1,538,378 640,715 897,663 30,927 18,479 12,448 1,006,662 402,795 603,867 Total 2 year ........................................... 5,497,420 2,348,091 3,149,329 5,496,873 2,347,969 3,148,904       547 122 425 Full time ............................................. 1,986,622 881,607 1,105,015 1,986,532 881,587 1,104,945       90 20 70 Part time ............................................ 3,510,798 1,466,484 2,044,314 3,510,341 1,466,382 2,043,959       457 102 355 Public, total ................................................ 11,090,171 4,887,537 6,202,634 9,905,339 4,368,021 5,537,318 116,385 63,608 52,777 1,068,447 455,908 612,539 Full time ................................................ 5,964,174 2,767,918 3,196,256 5,410,564 2,490,931 2,919,633 111,395 60,951 50,444 442,215 216,036 226,179 Part time ............................................... 5,125,997 2,119,619 3,006,378 4,494,775 1,877,090 2,617,685 4,990 2,657 2,333 626,232 239,872 386,360 Public 4 year ......................................... 5,806,904 2,646,777 3,160,127 4,622,497 2,127,360 2,495,137 116,385 63,608 52,777 1,068,022 455,809 612,213 Full time ............................................. 4,106,094 1,943,086 2,163,008 3,552,484 1,666,099 1,886,385 111,395 60,951 50,444 442,215 216,036 226,179 Part time ............................................ 1,700,810 703,691 997,119 1,070,013 461,261 608,752 4,990 2,657 2,333 625,807 239,773 386,034 Public 2 year ......................................... 5,283,267 2,240,760 3,042,507 5,282,842 2,240,661 3,042,181       425 99 326 Full time ............................................. 1,858,080 824,832 1,033,248 1,858,080 824,832 1,033,248             Part time ............................................ 3,425,187 1,415,928 2,009,259 3,424,762 1,415,829 2,008,933       425 99 326 Private, total ............................................... 3,210,084 1,456,455 1,753,629 2,354,078 1,043,037 1,311,041 181,354 108,854 72,500 674,652 304,564 370,088 Full time ................................................ 2,249,316 1,047,601 1,201,715 1,800,134 813,030 987,104 155,417 93,032 62,385 293,765 141,539 152,226 Part time ............................................... 960,768 408,854 551,914 553,944 230,007 323,937 25,937 15,822 10,115 380,887 163,025 217,862 Private 4 year ....................................... 2,995,931 1,349,124 1,646,807 2,140,047 935,729 1,204,318 181,354 108,854 72,500 674,530 304,541 369,989 Full time ............................................. 2,120,774 990,826 1,129,948 1,671,682 756,275 915,407 155,417 93,032 62,385 293,675 141,519 152,156 Part time ............................................ 875,157 358,298 516,859 468,365 179,454 288,911 25,937 15,822 10,115 380,855 163,022 217,833 Private 2 year ....................................... 214,153 107,331 106,822 214,031 107,308 106,723       122 23 99 Full time ............................................. 128,542 56,775 71,767 128,452 56,755 71,697       90 20 70 Part time ............................................ 85,611 50,556 35,055 85,579 50,553 35,026       32 3 29 Degree granting institutions 2 Total .................................................. 14,367,520 6,352,825 8,014,695 12,326,948 5,420,672 6,906,276 298,312 172,742 125,570 1,742,260 759,411 982,849 Full time ................................................ 8,302,953 3,851,208 4,451,745 7,298,839 3,339,108 3,959,731 267,209 154,107 113,102 736,905 357,993 378,912 Part time ............................................... 6,064,567 2,501,617 3,562,950 5,028,109 2,081,564 2,946,545 31,103 18,635 12,468 1,005,355 401,418 603,937 Total 4 year ........................................... 8,804,193 3,993,911 4,810,282 6,764,168 3,061,880 3,702,288 298,312 172,742 125,570 1,741,713 759,289 982,424 Full time ............................................. 6,230,648 2,934,736 3,295,912 5,226,624 2,422,656 2,803,968 267,209 154,107 113,102 736,815 357,973 378,842 Part time ............................................ 2,573,545 1,059,175 1,514,370 1,537,544 639,224 898,320 31,103 18,635 12,468 1,004,898 401,316 603,582 Total 2 year ........................................... 5,563,327 2,358,914 3,204,413 5,562,780 2,358,792 3,203,988       547 122 425 Full time ............................................. 2,072,305 916,472 1,155,833 2,072,215 916,452 1,155,763       90 20 70 Part time ............................................ 3,491,022 1,442,442 2,048,580 3,490,565 1,442,340 2,048,225       457 102 355 Public, total ................................................ 11,120,499 4,902,453 6,218,046 9,935,283 4,382,751 5,552,532 116,665 63,742 52,923 1,068,551 455,960 612,591 Full time ................................................ 5,978,467 2,776,098 3,202,369 5,424,498 2,498,938 2,925,560 111,650 61,072 50,578 442,319 216,088 226,231 Part time ............................................... 5,142,032 2,126,355 3,015,677 4,510,785 1,883,813 2,626,972 5,015 2,670 2,345 626,232 239,872 386,360 Public 4 year ......................................... 5,806,036 2,646,337 3,159,699 4,621,245 2,126,734 2,494,511 116,665 63,742 52,923 1,068,126 455,861 612,265 Full time ............................................. 4,106,453 1,943,259 2,163,194 3,552,484 1,666,099 1,886,385 111,650 61,072 50,578 442,319 216,088 226,231 Part time ............................................ 1,699,583 703,078 996,505 1,068,761 460,635 608,126 5,015 2,670 2,345 625,807 239,773 386,034 Public 2 year ......................................... 5,314,463 2,256,116 3,058,347 5,314,038 2,256,017 3,058,021       425 99 326 Full time ............................................. 1,872,014 832,839 1,039,175 1,872,014 832,839 1,039,175             Part time ............................................ 3,442,449 1,423,277 2,019,172 3,442,024 1,423,178 2,018,846       425 99 326 Private, total ............................................... 3,247,021 1,450,372 1,796,649 2,391,665 1,037,921 1,353,744 181,647 109,000 72,647 673,709 303,451 370,258 Full time ................................................ 2,324,486 1,075,110 1,249,376 1,874,341 840,170 1,034,171 155,559 93,035 62,524 294,586 141,905 152,681 Part time ............................................... 922,535 375,262 547,273 517,324 197,751 319,573 26,088 15,965 10,123 379,123 161,546 217,577 Private 4 year ....................................... 2,998,157 1,347,574 1,650,583 2,142,923 935,146 1,207,777 181,647 109,000 72,647 673,587 303,428 370,159 Full time ............................................. 2,124,195 991,477 1,132,718 1,674,140 756,557 917,583 155,559 93,035 62,524 294,496 141,885 152,611 Part time ............................................ 873,962 356,097 517,865 468,783 178,589 290,194 26,088 15,965 10,123 379,091 161,543 217,548 Private 2 year ....................................... 248,864 102,798 146,066 248,742 102,775 145,967       122 23 99 Full time ............................................. 200,291 83,633 116,658 200,201 83,613 116,588       90 20 70 Part time ............................................ 48,573 19,165 29,408 48,541 19,162 29,379       32 3 29 1 Preliminary data. 2 Data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting higher education institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.   Not applicable.

NOTE.   Institutions of higher education data are based on institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education. The Department of Education no longer distinguishes between those institutions and other institutions that are eligible to participate in Title IV programs. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification, except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award degrees.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' surveys. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 202 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 178.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by type and control of institution, attendance status, and sex of student: 1970 to 1996 Type and control of institution, sex and attendance status of student Institutions of higher education Degree granting institutions, fall 1996 2 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total .................... 8,580,887 11,184,859 12,096,895 12,247,055 13,818,637 14,358,953 14,487,359 14,304,803 14,278,790 14,261,781 14,300,255 14,367,520 Full time .................. 5,816,290 6,841,334 7,097,958 7,075,221 7,820,985 8,115,329 8,162,118 8,127,618 8,137,776 8,128,802 8,213,490 8,302,953 Men .................... 3,504,095 3,926,753 3,689,244 3,607,720 3,807,752 3,929,375 3,926,905 3,890,571 3,855,183 3,807,392 3,815,519 3,851,208 Women ............... 2,312,195 2,914,581 3,408,714 3,467,501 4,013,233 4,185,954 4,235,213 4,237,047 4,282,593 4,321,410 4,397,971 4,451,745 Part time .................. 2,764,597 4,343,525 4,998,937 5,171,834 5,997,652 6,243,624 6,325,241 6,177,185 6,141,014 6,132,979 6,086,765 6,064,567 Men .................... 1,539,547 2,222,244 2,185,130 2,210,730 2,476,157 2,572,469 2,597,084 2,536,879 2,516,715 2,535,147 2,528,473 2,501,617 Women ............... 1,225,050 2,121,281 2,813,807 2,961,104 3,521,495 3,671,155 3,728,157 3,640,306 3,624,299 3,597,832 3,558,292 3,562,950 4 year, total ............. 6,261,502 7,214,740 7,570,608 7,715,978 8,578,554 8,707,053 8,764,969 8,738,936 8,749,080 8,769,252 8,802,835 8,804,193 Full time .............. 4,587,379 5,080,256 5,344,163 5,384,614 5,937,023 6,040,799 6,082,112 6,084,299 6,106,062 6,151,755 6,226,868 6,230,648 Men ................. 2,732,796 2,891,192 2,809,528 2,781,412 2,926,360 2,967,978 2,975,089 2,962,355 2,943,593 2,929,177 2,933,912 2,934,736 Women ........... 1,854,583 2,189,064 2,534,635 2,603,202 3,010,663 3,072,821 3,107,023 3,121,944 3,162,469 3,222,578 3,292,956 3,295,912 Part time ............. 1,674,123 2,134,484 2,226,445 2,331,364 2,641,531 2,666,254 2,682,857 2,654,637 2,643,018 2,617,497 2,575,967 2,573,545 Men ................. 936,189 1,092,461 1,017,813 1,034,804 1,124,780 1,131,956 1,135,624 1,119,636 1,105,102 1,084,753 1,061,989 1,059,175 Women ........... 737,934 1,042,023 1,208,632 1,296,560 1,516,751 1,534,298 1,547,233 1,535,001 1,537,916 1,532,744 1,513,978 1,514,370 Public 4 year ...... 4,232,722 4,998,142 5,128,612 5,209,540 5,848,242 5,904,748 5,900,012 5,851,760 5,825,213 5,814,545 5,806,904 5,806,036 Full time .......... 3,086,491 3,469,821 3,592,193 3,623,341 4,033,654 4,088,970 4,095,310 4,074,055 4,065,067 4,084,711 4,106,094 4,106,453 Men ............. 1,813,584 1,947,823 1,873,397 1,863,689 1,982,369 2,005,941 2,005,043 1,989,410 1,965,524 1,951,140 1,943,086 1,943,259 Women ........ 1,272,907 1,521,998 1,718,796 1,759,652 2,051,285 2,083,029 2,090,267 2,084,645 2,099,543 2,133,571 2,163,008 2,163,194 Part time ......... 1,146,231 1,528,321 1,536,419 1,586,199 1,814,588 1,815,778 1,804,702 1,777,705 1,760,146 1,729,834 1,700,810 1,699,583 Men ............. 609,422 760,469 685,051 693,115 764,248 764,969 760,186 750,409 737,891 720,402 703,691 703,078 Women ........ 536,809 767,852 851,368 893,084 1,050,340 1,050,809 1,044,516 1,027,296 1,022,255 1,009,432 997,119 996,505 Private 4 year ..... 2,028,780 2,216,598 2,441,996 2,506,438 2,730,312 2,802,305 2,864,957 2,887,176 2,923,867 2,954,707 2,995,931 2,998,157 Full time .......... 1,500,888 1,610,435 1,751,970 1,761,273 1,903,369 1,951,829 1,986,802 2,010,244 2,040,995 2,067,044 2,120,774 2,124,195 Men ............. 919,212 943,369 936,131 917,723 943,991 962,037 970,046 972,945 978,069 978,037 990,826 991,477 Women ........ 581,676 667,066 815,839 843,550 959,378 989,792 1,016,756 1,037,299 1,062,926 1,089,007 1,129,948 1,132,718 Part time ......... 527,892 606,163 690,026 745,165 826,943 850,476 878,155 876,932 882,872 887,663 875,157 873,962 Men ............. 326,767 331,992 332,762 341,689 360,532 366,987 375,438 369,227 367,211 364,351 358,298 356,097 Women ........ 201,125 274,171 357,264 403,476 466,411 483,489 502,717 507,705 515,661 523,312 516,859 517,865 Nonprofit 4 year     2,413,693 2,463,000 2,671,069 2,729,752 2,789,235 2,802,540 2,824,500 2,853,890 2,871,693 2,867,181 Full time ......     1,733,014 1,727,707 1,859,124 1,896,454 1,930,460 1,946,349 1,962,751 1,989,457 2,024,856 2,021,570 Men ..........     921,253 894,080 915,100 926,799 934,651 934,792 931,600 931,956 937,078 934,474 Women ....     811,761 833,627 944,024 969,655 995,809 1,011,557 1,031,151 1,057,501 1,087,778 1,087,096 Part time ......     680,679 735,293 811,945 833,298 858,775 856,191 861,749 864,433 846,837 845,611 Men ..........     327,986 336,168 352,106 357,431 364,442 357,705 355,538 351,874 342,826 341,460 Women ....     352,693 399,125 459,839 475,867 494,333 498,486 506,211 512,559 504,011 504,151 2 year, total ............. 2,319,385 3,970,119 4,526,287 4,531,077 5,240,083 5,651,900 5,722,390 5,565,867 5,529,710 5,492,529 5,497,420 5,563,327 Full time .............. 1,228,911 1,761,078 1,753,795 1,690,607 1,883,962 2,074,530 2,080,006 2,043,319 2,031,714 1,977,047 1,986,622 2,072,305 Men ................. 771,299 1,035,561 879,716 826,308 881,392 961,397 951,816 928,216 911,590 878,215 881,607 916,472 Women ........... 457,612 725,517 874,079 864,299 1,002,570 1,113,133 1,128,190 1,115,103 1,120,124 1,098,832 1,105,015 1,155,833 Part time ............. 1,090,474 2,209,041 2,772,492 2,840,470 3,356,121 3,577,370 3,642,384 3,522,548 3,497,996 3,515,482 3,510,798 3,491,022 Men ................. 603,358 1,129,783 1,167,317 1,175,926 1,351,377 1,440,513 1,461,460 1,417,243 1,411,613 1,450,394 1,466,484 1,442,442 Women ........... 487,116 1,079,258 1,605,175 1,664,544 2,004,744 2,136,857 2,180,924 2,105,305 2,086,383 2,065,088 2,044,314 2,048,580 Public 2 year ...... 2,195,412 3,836,366 4,328,782 4,269,733 4,996,475 5,404,815 5,484,555 5,337,328 5,308,467 5,277,829 5,283,267 5,314,463 Full time .......... 1,129,165 1,662,621 1,595,493 1,496,905 1,716,843 1,885,607 1,915,565 1,888,507 1,885,753 1,840,590 1,858,080 1,872,014 Men ............. 720,440 988,701 811,871 742,673 810,664 881,576 878,076 858,600 847,702 818,605 824,832 832,839 Women ........ 408,725 673,920 783,622 754,232 906,179 1,004,031 1,037,489 1,029,907 1,038,051 1,021,985 1,033,248 1,039,175 Part time ......... 1,066,247 2,173,745 2,733,289 2,772,828 3,279,632 3,519,208 3,568,990 3,448,821 3,422,714 3,437,239 3,425,187 3,442,449 Men ............. 589,439 1,107,680 1,152,268 1,138,011 1,317,730 1,413,870 1,431,091 1,386,092 1,378,951 1,417,488 1,415,928 1,423,277 Women ........ 476,808 1,066,065 1,581,021 1,634,817 1,961,902 2,105,338 2,137,899 2,062,729 2,043,763 2,019,751 2,009,259 2,019,172 Private 2 year ..... 123,973 133,753 3 197,505 261,344 243,608 247,085 237,835 228,539 221,243 214,700 214,153 248,864 Full time .......... 99,746 98,457 3 158,302 193,702 167,119 188,923 164,441 154,812 145,961 136,457 128,542 200,291 Men ............. 50,859 46,860 3 67,845 83,635 70,728 79,821 73,740 69,616 63,888 59,610 56,775 83,633 Women ........ 48,887 51,597 3 90,457 110,067 96,391 109,102 90,701 85,196 82,073 76,847 71,767 116,658 Part time ......... 24,227 35,296 3 39,203 67,642 76,489 58,162 73,394 73,727 75,282 78,243 85,611 48,573 Men ............. 13,919 22,103 3 15,049 37,915 33,647 26,643 30,369 31,151 32,662 32,906 50,556 19,165 Women ........ 10,308 13,193 3 24,154 29,727 42,842 31,519 43,025 42,576 42,620 45,337 35,055 29,408 Nonprofit 2 year     114,094 108,791 89,158 89,289 83,288 86,357 85,607 75,154 68,864 75,375 Full time ......     83,009 76,547 62,003 61,521 55,691 60,005 59,021 54,033 50,202 56,434 Men ..........     34,968 30,878 25,946 25,572 23,272 26,185 25,048 23,265 21,386 24,064 Women ....     48,041 45,669 36,057 35,949 32,419 33,820 33,973 30,768 28,816 32,370 Part time ......     31,085 32,244 27,155 27,768 27,597 26,352 26,586 21,121 18,662 18,941 Men ..........     11,445 10,786 7,970 7,689 7,738 7,649 7,530 6,080 5,227 5,337 Women ....     19,640 21,458 19,185 20,079 19,859 18,703 19,056 15,041 13,435 13,604 1 Preliminary data. 2 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 3 Large increase is due to the addition of schools accredited by the Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges of Technology.   Data not available.

NOTE.   Trend tabulations of institutions of higher education data are based on institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education. The Department of Education no longer distinguishes between those institutions and other institutions that are eligible to participate in Title IV programs. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award degrees.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Fall Enrollment in Colleges and Universities'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data Systems ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' surveys. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 203 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 179.   Fall enrollment and number of institutions of higher education, by affiliation 1 of institution: 1980 to 1996 Affiliation Enrollment Number of institutions 2 Total,

fall 1980 Total,

fall 1990 Total, fall 1994 Total, fall 1995 Fall 1996 3 Fall 1980 Fall 1990 Fall 1995 Fall 1996 Total Full time Part time Men Women Men Women 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 All institutions ............................................................................. 12,096,895 13,818,637 14,278,790 14,261,781 14,300,255 3,815,519 4,397,971 2,528,473 3,558,292 3,226 3,501 3,545 3,534 Public institutions .............................................................................. 9,457,394 10,844,717 11,133,680 11,092,374 11,090,171 2,767,918 3,196,256 2,119,619 3,006,378 1,493 1,548 1,603 1,595 Federal ......................................................................................... 50,989 50,669 53,548 90,046 83,230 17,180 3,441 52,375 10,234 12 17 14 14 State ............................................................................................. ( 4) 7,181,380 7,869,965 7,842,782 7,905,241 2,279,593 2,611,138 1,228,344 1,786,166 ( 4) 978 1,123 1,133 Local ............................................................................................ ( 4) 3,508,941 3,064,925 3,023,723 2,980,820 442,188 547,291 816,500 1,174,841 ( 4) 523 429 410 Other public ................................................................................. 9,406,405 103,727 145,242 135,823 120,880 28,957 34,386 22,400 35,137 1,481 30 37 38 Private institutions ............................................................................ 2,639,501 2,973,920 3,145,110 3,169,407 3,210,084 1,047,601 1,201,715 408,854 551,914 1,733 1,953 1,942 1,939 Independent nonprofit .................................................................. 1,521,614 1,474,818 1,506,994 1,511,151 1,515,330 513,017 552,813 191,779 257,721 795 709 716 708 Proprietary ................................................................................... 111,714 213,693 235,003 240,363 269,527 89,137 85,121 60,801 34,468 164 322 298 303 Religiously affiliated ..................................................................... 1,006,173 1,285,409 1,403,113 1,417,893 1,425,227 445,447 563,781 156,274 259,725 774 922 928 928 Advent Christian Church .......................................................... 143                 1       African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church ................................ 1,091 88               3 1     African Methodist Episcopal ..................................................... 4,541 3,220 3,799 3,503 5,180 2,152 2,746 113 169 6 5 6 7 American Baptist ...................................................................... 6,131 10,800 12,221 11,394 11,532 2,906 3,864 1,555 3,207 11 15 12 12 American Evangelical Lutheran Church ..................................     814 779 822 407 285 55 75     1 1 American Lutheran and Lutheran Church in America ............. 3,092   1,335 1,304 1,234 347 531 155 201 3   1 1 American Lutheran ................................................................... 21,608   10,163 10,459 10,153 3,817 4,668 412 1,256 13   9 9 Assemblies of God Church ...................................................... 7,814 8,307 9,493 9,652 9,860 4,194 4,476 569 621 10 11 13 13 Baptist ...................................................................................... 38,231 99,510 100,991 105,802 105,251 37,459 45,758 9,317 12,717 33 69 64 64 Brethren Church ....................................................................... 3,925 958 1,447 1,456 1,414 589 620 101 104 3 3 3 3 Brethren in Christ Church ........................................................ 1,301 2,239 2,344 2,416 2,517 961 1,465 27 64 1 1 1 1 Christian and Missionary Alliance Church ............................... 1,705 2,519 3,386 3,723 3,953 1,465 1,851 272 365 3 4 4 4 Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ) ...................................... 14,913 30,397 32,629 33,029 33,492 6,856 10,283 6,619 9,734 12 18 16 16 Christian Churches and Churches of Christ ............................ 1,342 2,263 3,394 3,494 4,616 1,872 1,839 560 345 7 8 11 13 Christian Methodist Episcopal .................................................. 2,486 2,174 2,456 2,598 1,881 848 949 36 48 4 4 3 2 Christian Reformed Church ..................................................... 5,408 4,488 4,075 4,205 4,308 1,793 2,106 213 196 3 2 2 2 Church of Christ ( Scientist) ...................................................... 2,773 2,557 4,222 4,320 4,407 1,729 1,997 438 243 6 8 5 5 Church of God of Prophecy .....................................................   249                 1     Church of God .......................................................................... 6,082 5,627 4,534 4,410 6,913 2,738 3,240 470 465 9 9 7 8 Church of New Jerusalem ....................................................... 170                 1       Church of the Brethren ............................................................ 8,482 4,463 2,870 2,812 2,856 1,025 1,551 112 168 6 5 3 3 Church of the Nazarene ........................................................... 11,716 10,779 14,450 14,466 14,502 5,136 6,764 1,018 1,584 10 9 10 10 Churches of Christ ................................................................... 9,343 14,611 22,495 22,807 23,035 7,828 8,696 3,081 3,430 9 19 15 15 Cumberland Presbyterian ........................................................ 594 746 715 799 823 377 259 72 115 2 2 2 2 Evangelical Congregational Church ......................................... 80 88 95 65 95 11 1 63 20 1 1 1 1 Evangelical Convent Church of America ................................. 1,401 1,035 1,650 1,745 1,815 526 667 198 424 1 1 1 1 Evangelical Free Church of America ....................................... 833 2,355 3,840 3,778 3,937 1,364 1,128 1,001 444 1 2 4 3 Evangelical Lutheran Church ................................................... 743 49,210 38,218 39,089 38,666 13,912 19,023 2,143 3,588 3 33 26 26 Free Methodist ......................................................................... 5,543 5,902 8,375 8,696 8,713 2,855 4,211 631 1,016 5 3 5 5 Free Will Baptist Church .......................................................... 1,132 1,177 1,312 1,467 1,681 566 597 274 244 4 3 2 2 Friends United Meeting ............................................................ 1,109                 1       Friends ..................................................................................... 5,157 5,844 6,586 6,600 9,711 3,653 4,742 520 796 5 6 6 7 General Conference Mennonite Church .................................. 820 1,243 899 1,046 1,095 504 466 39 86 2 2 1 1 Greek Orthodox ........................................................................ 204 148 197 168 179 137 28 10 4 1 1 1 1 Interdenominational .................................................................. 1,254 11,103 6,342 5,571 5,510 2,568 2,133 542 267 4 17 10 8 Jewish ...................................................................................... 5,738 12,217 13,038 11,481 12,273 10,328 805 742 398 24 63 58 62 Latter Day Saints ..................................................................... 39,172 42,274 40,296 40,086 42,371 18,040 20,774 1,685 1,872 4 4 3 4 Lutheran Church   Missouri Synod .......................................... 11,727 13,827 10,614 11,315 12,145 4,111 5,420 957 1,657 15 14 8 9 Lutheran Church in America .................................................... 23,877 5,796 4,338 4,321 4,291 1,560 2,233 139 359 20 5 3 3 Mennonite Brethren Church ..................................................... 1,344 1,864 2,161 2,269 2,225 540 754 302 629 3 3 3 3 204 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 179.   Fall enrollment and number of institutions of higher education, by affiliation 1 of institution: 1980 to 1996   Continued Affiliation Enrollment Number of institutions 2 Total,

fall 1980 Total,

fall 1990 Total, fall 1994 Total, fall 1995 Fall 1996 3 Fall 1980 Fall 1990 Fall 1995 Fall 1996 Total Full time Part time Men Women Men Women 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Mennonite Church .................................................................... 4,008 2,859 3,462 3,502 3,427 1,226 1,661 215 325 6 5 5 5 Missionary Church Inc. ............................................................ 487 699 1,201 1,352 1,467 350 553 175 389 1 1 1 1 Moravian Church ...................................................................... 2,434 2,511 2,741 2,804 2,861 640 1,291 283 647 2 2 2 2 Multiple Protestant Denominations .......................................... 5,526 211 167 164 7,580 2,095 3,221 1,181 1,083 8 1 1 8 North American Baptist ............................................................ 155   170 186 179 75 40 39 25 1   1 1 Pentecostal Holiness Church ................................................... 767 566 968 1,002 1,237 464 484 124 165 3 3 3 4 Presbyterian U. S. and United Presbyterian ............................. 47,144 77,700 69,790 70,357 71,034 27,258 33,311 4,038 6,427 57 70 65 64 Presbyterian Church in America ..............................................   1,877 3,745 3,809 2,183 881 804 333 165   1 3 3 Protestant Episcopal ................................................................ 5,396 4,559 4,514 4,603 4,593 1,862 2,327 170 234 12 9 11 11 Protestant, other ....................................................................... 4,072 38,136 59,870 60,386 54,427 18,227 22,588 5,427 8,185 11 44 67 61 Reformed Church in America .................................................. 2,713 5,525 5,419 5,582 5,327 2,156 2,860 128 183 4 4 4 4 Reformed Episcopal Church .................................................... 67                 1       Reformed Presbyterian Church ............................................... 2,014 1,556 1,767 1,771 1,819 704 758 173 184 4 2 2 2 Reorganized Latter Day Saints Church ................................... 4,274 4,793 10,508 11,063 11,746 2,517 2,469 2,356 4,404 2 1 2 2 Roman Catholic ........................................................................ 422,842 530,585 592,119 594,464 594,537 152,823 213,789 77,754 150,171 229 239 249 248 Russian Orthodox .................................................................... 47 38 24 32 36 34 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 Seventh Day Adventists ........................................................... 19,168 15,771 17,110 17,519 17,744 6,426 7,550 1,355 2,413 11 11 11 11 Southern Baptist ....................................................................... 85,281 49,493 45,165 46,042 47,704 14,425 16,109 8,750 8,420 54 29 30 30 Undenominational ....................................................................   6,758 17,330 18,729 15,166 4,768 5,885 2,194 2,319   14 17 12 Unitarian Universalist ............................................................... 87 82 106 126 131 37 73 10 11 2 2 2 2 United Brethren Church ........................................................... 545 601 635 721 740 297 345 64 34 1 1 1 1 United Church of Christ ........................................................... 14,169 20,175 24,305 24,013 22,612 6,357 9,443 2,213 4,599 16 18 21 20 United Methodist ...................................................................... 127,099 148,851 146,935 148,091 148,926 50,579 63,992 13,523 20,832 91 96 90 91 Wesleyan Church ..................................................................... 3,583 5,311 7,497 7,734 8,336 2,898 4,635 305 498 5 4 3 3 Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod ................................... 808 931 1,142 1,165 1,218 567 601 19 31 1 3 2 2 Other religiously affiliated ......................................................... 462 5,743 10,629 11,551 6,741 2,607 2,062 1,002 1,070 1 9 14 12 1 Religious affiliation as reported by institutions of higher education.

2 Because data are derived from the `` Fall Enrollment'' survey, counts of institutions may differ from counts in other tables.

3 Preliminary data.

4 Included under `` Other public.''

  Data not applicable or not reported. NOTE.   Some data have been revised from previously published figures.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education'' and `` Institutional Characteristics'' surveys;

and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' and `` Institutional Characteristics''

surveys ( This table was prepared June 1998). 205 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 180.   Total fall enrollment in institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by type and control of institution, and attendance status, sex, and level of student: 1994 to 1996 Level of student and enrollment status Total, fall 1994 Total, fall 1995 1996 1 Degree granting institutions, fall 1996 2 Total Public 4 year Private 4 year Public 2 year Private 2 year Total Public 4 year Private 4 year Public 2 year Private 2 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 All students ............................... 14,278,790 14,261,781 14,300,255 5,806,904 2,995,931 5,283,267 214,153 14,367,520 5,806,036 2,998,157 5,314,463 248,864 Undergraduate, full time and part time 12,262,608 12,231,719 12,259,417 4,622,497 2,140,047 5,282,842 214,031 12,326,948 4,621,245 2,142,923 5,314,038 248,742 Degree seeking .............................. 10,728,256 10,621,283 10,608,815 4,413,530 2,042,309 3,997,617 155,359 10,720,738 4,412,278 2,045,246 4,027,863 235,351 Men ............................................. 4,767,756 4,708,420 4,684,930 2,037,470 896,301 1,685,688 65,471 4,727,637 2,036,844 895,819 1,700,685 94,289 Women ........................................ 5,960,500 5,912,863 5,923,885 2,376,060 1,146,008 2,311,929 89,888 5,993,101 2,375,434 1,149,427 2,327,178 141,062 First time freshmen ..................... 2,133,205 2,168,831 2,193,429 741,164 425,959 967,971 58,335 2,274,319 741,164 427,442 989,536 116,177 Men .......................................... 984,558 1,001,052 1,013,616 340,810 194,823 450,816 27,167 1,046,662 340,810 195,302 461,549 49,001 Women .................................... 1,148,647 1,167,779 1,179,813 400,354 231,136 517,155 31,168 1,227,657 400,354 232,140 527,987 67,176 Other first year ............................ 2,501,937 2,433,434 2,421,277 496,603 199,410 1,683,824 41,440 2,416,098 496,603 198,757 1,677,072 43,666 Men .......................................... 1,070,025 1,046,475 1,047,280 233,141 90,265 706,940 16,934 1,044,926 233,141 89,334 704,467 17,984 Women .................................... 1,431,912 1,386,959 1,373,997 263,462 109,145 976,884 24,506 1,371,172 263,462 109,423 972,605 25,682 Second year ................................ 2,807,591 2,767,344 2,719,130 876,918 442,251 1,344,384 55,577 2,755,714 876,918 443,482 1,359,817 75,497 Men .......................................... 1,196,982 1,174,985 1,143,568 401,714 193,035 527,453 21,366 1,156,512 401,714 193,306 534,190 27,302 Women .................................... 1,610,609 1,592,359 1,575,562 475,204 249,216 816,931 34,211 1,599,202 475,204 250,176 825,627 48,195 Third year .................................... 1,410,544 1,394,845 1,397,921 974,210 423,000 704 7 1,398,336 974,210 423,411 704 11 Men .......................................... 645,805 631,360 626,737 444,118 182,372 243 4 626,649 444,118 182,286 243 2 Women .................................... 764,739 763,485 771,184 530,092 240,628 461 3 771,687 530,092 241,125 461 9 Fourth year and beyond ............. 1,722,393 1,714,665 1,728,819 1,260,108 468,082 629   1,729,076 1,260,108 468,339 629   Men .......................................... 806,598 795,243 792,455 588,953 203,309 193   792,331 588,953 203,185 193   Women .................................... 915,795 919,422 936,364 671,155 264,773 436   936,745 671,155 265,154 436   Unclassified by level ................... 152,586 142,164 148,239 64,527 83,607 105   147,195 63,275 83,815 105   Men .......................................... 63,788 59,305 61,274 28,734 32,497 43   60,557 28,108 32,406 43   Women .................................... 88,798 82,859 86,965 35,793 51,110 62   86,638 35,167 51,409 62   Others in credit courses ................. 1,534,352 1,610,436 1,650,602 208,967 97,738 1,285,225 58,672 1,606,210 208,967 97,677 1,286,175 13,391 Men ............................................. 654,357 692,710 726,128 89,890 39,428 554,973 41,837 693,035 89,890 39,327 555,332 8,486 Women ........................................ 879,995 917,726 924,474 119,077 58,310 730,252 16,835 913,175 119,077 58,350 730,843 4,905 Full time .......................................... 7,168,706 7,145,268 7,210,698 3,552,484 1,671,682 1,858,080 128,452 7,298,839 3,552,484 1,674,140 1,872,014 200,201 Degree seeking ........................... 6,903,775 6,883,159 6,949,391 3,520,918 1,655,072 1,649,710 123,691 7,036,393 3,520,918 1,657,702 1,663,403 194,370 First time freshmen ................. 1,603,106 1,646,812 1,674,178 694,390 400,397 528,297 51,094 1,739,852 694,390 401,408 539,359 104,695 Other first year ........................ 1,165,709 1,136,399 1,151,651 377,242 136,651 607,164 30,594 1,150,715 377,242 136,735 604,014 32,724 Second year ............................ 1,695,721 1,688,726 1,681,757 740,635 385,144 513,980 41,998 1,703,436 740,635 386,091 519,761 56,949 Third year ................................ 1,138,336 1,126,949 1,136,190 783,225 352,773 187 5 1,136,388 783,225 352,974 187 2 Fourth year and beyond .......... 1,267,625 1,259,327 1,276,595 914,667 361,851 77   1,276,754 914,667 362,010 77   Unclassified by level ................ 33,278 24,946 29,020 10,759 18,256 5   29,248 10,759 18,484 5   Others in credit courses ............. 264,931 262,109 261,307 31,566 16,610 208,370 4,761 262,446 31,566 16,438 208,611 5,831 Part time ......................................... 5,093,902 5,086,451 5,048,719 1,070,013 468,365 3,424,762 85,579 5,028,109 1,068,761 468,783 3,442,024 48,541 Degree seeking ........................... 3,824,481 3,738,124 3,659,424 892,612 387,237 2,347,907 31,668 3,684,345 891,360 387,544 2,364,460 40,981 First time freshmen ................. 530,099 522,019 519,251 46,774 25,562 439,674 7,241 534,467 46,774 26,034 450,177 11,482 Other first year ........................ 1,336,228 1,297,035 1,269,626 119,361 62,759 1,076,660 10,846 1,265,383 119,361 62,022 1,073,058 10,942 Second year ............................ 1,111,870 1,078,618 1,037,373 136,283 57,107 830,404 13,579 1,052,278 136,283 57,391 840,056 18,548 Third year ................................ 272,208 267,896 261,731 190,985 70,227 517 2 261,948 190,985 70,437 517 9 Fourth year and beyond .......... 454,768 455,338 452,224 345,441 106,231 552   452,322 345,441 106,329 552   Unclassified by level ................ 119,308 117,218 119,219 53,768 65,351 100   117,947 52,516 65,331 100   Others in credit courses ............. 1,269,421 1,348,327 1,389,295 177,401 81,128 1,076,855 53,911 1,343,764 177,401 81,239 1,077,564 7,560 Postbaccalaureate ............................... 2,016,182 2,030,062 2,040,838 1,184,407 855,884 425 122 2,040,572 1,184,791 855,234 425 122 First professional ............................ 294,713 297,592 297,739 116,385 181,354     298,312 116,665 181,647     Full time ...................................... 263,311 266,414 266,812 111,395 155,417     267,209 111,650 155,559     First time .................................. 80,286 78,890 77,581 30,590 46,991     77,695 30,696 46,999     Other ........................................ 183,025 187,524 189,231 80,805 108,426     189,514 80,954 108,560     Part time ...................................... 31,402 31,178 30,927 4,990 25,937     31,103 5,015 26,088     First time .................................. 9,872 10,760 9,429 820 8,609     9,533 845 8,688     Other ........................................ 21,530 20,418 21,498 4,170 17,328     21,570 4,170 17,400     Graduate students .......................... 1,721,469 1,732,470 1,743,099 1,068,022 674,530 425 122 1,742,260 1,068,126 673,587 425 122 Full time ...................................... 705,759 717,120 735,980 442,215 293,675   90 736,905 442,319 294,496   90 Degree seeking ....................... 665,966 670,222 688,493 403,791 284,612   90 689,883 403,895 285,898   90 First time .............................. 224,412 222,196 231,084 126,191 104,863   30 232,330 126,247 106,053   30 Other degree seeking .......... 441,554 448,026 457,409 277,600 179,749   60 457,553 277,648 179,845   60 Others in credit courses .......... 39,793 46,898 47,487 38,424 9,063     47,022 38,424 8,598     Part time ...................................... 1,015,710 1,015,350 1,007,119 625,807 380,855 425 32 1,005,355 625,807 379,091 425 32 Degree seeking ....................... 774,962 775,811 773,707 450,850 322,688 137 32 772,760 450,850 321,741 137 32 First time .............................. 147,236 148,220 148,773 76,837 71,927 9   147,614 76,837 70,768 9   Other degree seeking .......... 627,726 627,591 624,934 374,013 250,761 128 32 625,146 374,013 250,973 128 32 Others in credit courses .......... 240,748 239,539 233,412 174,957 58,167 288   232,595 174,957 57,350 288   1 Preliminary data. 2 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.   Data not available or not applicable.

NOTE.   Trend tabulations of institutions of higher education data are based on institutions that were accredited by an agency or association that was recognized by the U. S. Department of Education. The Department of Education no longer distinguishes between those institutions and other institutions that are eligible to participate in Title IV programs. The new degree granting classification is very similar to the earlier higher education classification except that it includes some additional institutions, primarily 2 year colleges, and excludes a few higher education institutions that did not award degrees.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, `` Fall Enrollment'' surveys. ( This table was prepared May 1998.) 206 HIGHER EDUCATION: ENROLLMENT Table 181.   Total first time freshmen enrolled in institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by sex of student, attendance status, and type and control of institution: Fall 1955 to fall 1996 [ In thousands]

Year Total, all freshmen Full time Part time Men Women Type of institution, by control Total Full time Part time Total Full time Part time 4 year 2 year Public Private Public Private 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Institutions of higher education 1955 1 ................... 670     416     254     2 283 2 247 2 117 2 23 1956 1 ................... 718     443     275     2 293 2 262 2 137 2 25 1957 1 ................... 724     442     282     2 294 2 263 2 141 2 27 1958 1 ................... 775     465     310     2 328 2 272 2 146 2 29 1959 1 ................... 822     488     334     2 348 2 292 2 153 2 28 1960 1 ................... 923     540     384     2 396 2 313 2 182 2 32 1961 1 ................... 1,018     592     426     2 438 2 336 2 210 2 34 1962 1 ................... 1,031     598     432     2 445 2 325 2 225 2 36 1963 1 ................... 1,046     604     442             1964 1 ................... 1,225     702     523     2 539 2 363 2 275 2 47 1965 1 ................... 1,442     829     613     2 642 2 399 2 348 2 53 1966 ..................... 1,554     890     665     2 626 2 383 2 478 2 67 1967 ..................... 1,641 1,336 305 931 761 170 710 574 136 2 645 2 368 2 561 2 67 1968 ..................... 1,893 1,471 422 1,082 847 235 810 624 187 2 725 2 378 2 718 2 72 1969 ..................... 1,967 1,525 442 1,118 876 242 849 649 200 2 737 2 393 2 776 2 61 1970 ..................... 2,063 1,587 476 1,152 896 256 911 691 221 2 754 2 397 2 854 2 58 1971 ..................... 2,119 1,606 513 1,171 896 275 949 710 238 2 738 2 386 2 937 2 58 1972 ..................... 2,153 1,574 579 1,158 858 299 995 716 279 680 381 1,037 55 1973 ..................... 2,226 1,607 619 1,182 867 315 1,044 740 304 699 379 1,089 59 1974 ..................... 2,366 1,673 692 1,244 896 348 1,122 777 345 746 386 1,176 58 1975 ..................... 2,515 1,763 752 1,328 942 386 1,187 821 366 772 395 1,284 64 1976 ..................... 2,347 1,662 685 1,170 855 316 1,177 808 369 717 414 1,153 63 1977 ..................... 2,394 1,681 714 1,156 840 316 1,239 841 398 737 405 1,186 67 1978 ..................... 2,390 1,651 739 1,142 817 324 1,248 834 414 737 407 1,174 73 1979 ..................... 2,503 1,707 796 1,180 840 340 1,323 866 457 760 415 1,254 74 1980 ..................... 2,588 1,750 838 1,219 862 357 1,369 887 481 765 418 1,314 91 1981 ..................... 2,595 1,738 858 1,218 852 366 1,378 886 492 754 419 1,318 104 1982 ..................... 2,505 1,689 817 1,199 837 362 1,306 851 455 731 404 1,254 116 1983 ..................... 2,444 1,678 766 1,159 825 334 1,285 853 431 728 404 1,190 122 1984 ..................... 2,357 1,613 744 1,112 786 326 1,245 827 418 714 403 1,130 110 1985 ..................... 2,292 1,602 690 1,076 775 301 1,216 827 389 717 399 1,060 116 1986 ..................... 2,219 1,589 630 1,047 769 278 1,173 821 352 720 392 991 3 117 1987 ..................... 2,246 1,627 620 1,047 779 267 1,200 847 352 758 405 980 104 1988 ..................... 2,379 1,699 680 1,100 807 293 1,279 892 387 783 426 1,049 121 1989 ..................... 2,341 1,657 684 1,095 791 303 1,246 865 381 762 414 1,049 3 116 1990 ..................... 2,257 1,617 640 1,045 771 274 1,211 846 366 727 400 1,041 4 88 1991 ..................... 2,278 1,653 625 1,068 798 270 1,209 855 355 718 393 1,070 4 97 1992 ..................... 2,184 1,604 580 1,013 760 253 1,171 843 328 697 408 993 4 85 1993 ..................... 2,161 1,608 552 1,008 762 245 1,153 846 307 702 411 974 4 74 1994 ..................... 2,133 1,603 530 985 751 233 1,149 852 297 709 406 952 4 66 1995 ..................... 2,169 1,647 522 1,001 767 234 1,168 880 288 732 419 955 4 63 1996 5 ................... 2,193 1,674 519 1,014 779 234 1,180 895 285 741 426 968 4 58 Degree granting institutions 6 1996 5 ................... 2,274 1,740 534 1,047 806 241 1,228 934 294 741 427 990 4 116 1 Excludes first time freshmen in occupational programs not creditable towards a bachelor's degree.

2 Data for 2   year branches of 4 year college systems are aggregated with the 4 year institutions.

3 Because of imputation techniques, data are not consistent with figures for other years.

4 Data not comparable with pre 1990 figures because of a change in reporting procedures

5 Preliminary data.