UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20460

OFFICE OF

PREVENTION, PESTICIDES

AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES

MEMORANDUM

	Date:	02/AUG/2007

	Subject:	Pendimethalin.  Petitions for Tolerances on Brassica Head and
Stem Vegetables, Subgroup 5A, Asparagus, Grape and Artichoke.  Summary
of Analytical Chemistry and Residue Data.  Petition Number 6E7129.

DP Num:	340343	Decision Number:	371520

PC Code:	108501	MRID Nos.:	46963501, 46963502, 46963503, 46963504,
46963505

40 CFR 180.	361

Chemical Class:	Dinitroaniline Herbicide

	From:	Debra Rate, Ph.D., Biologist

		Alternative Risk Integration and Assessment (ARIA)

		Risk Integration, Minor Use, and Emergency Response Branch (RIMUERB)

		Registration Division (RD) (7505P)

	Through:	William Cutchin, Acting Branch Senior Scientist

		ARIA

		RIMUERB/RD (7505P)

William T. Drew, Chemist

	Registration Action Branch 2

	Health Effects Division (7509P)

To:  D. Rosenblatt/B. Madden PM-5

RIMUERB/RD (7505P)

Executive Summary

Pendimethalin is a preemergent and early postemergent dinitroaniline
herbicide which acts as a microtubule disruptor by inhibiting cell
division and cell elongation in plants.  Pendimethalin was developed for
the control of most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds.
Tolerances are currently established for the combined residues of the
herbicide pendimethalin [N-
(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] and its metabolite
4-[(1-ethylpropyl)amino]-2-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol in or on
various plant commodities at levels ranging from 0.1 to 4 ppm (40 CFR
§180.361[a]).

Interregional Research Project No. 4 (IR-4) has submitted petitions
supporting the use of pendimethalin, formulated as a emulsifiable
concentrate (EC) containing 37.4% active ingredient (ai), pendimethalin
(Prowl® 3.3 EC, EPA Reg. No. 241-337) and an aqueous capsule suspension
(CS) formulation containing 38.7% pendimethalin (Prowl® H20, EPA Reg.
No. 241-418) on asparagus, artichoke, Brassica head and stem vegetables,
and grape.  The proposed use on asparagus, is for a single broadcast
application prior to spear emergence at up to 4.0 lb ai/A, with a 14-day
PHI.  For artichoke, the proposed use is for a single pre-transplant
soil application, at up to 4.0 lb ai/A, with a 200 day PHI.  For
Brassica head and stem vegetables, subgroup 5A, the proposed use is for
a single foliar application at transplant at up to 1.0 lb ai/A, with a
PHI of 108 days.  For grape, the proposed use is a single soil directed
application up to 6.0 lb ai/A, with a PHI of 100 days.  In conjunction
with the above uses, the petitioners are proposing the following
permanent tolerances for pendimethalin:

Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A	0.05 ppm

Artichoke, globe	0.05 ppm

Asparagus	0.1 ppm

Grape	0.05 ppm

The nature of the residue in plants is understood, based on adequate
studies conducted with [14-C]-pendimethalin in potatoes and sweet corn.
The results of these studies are supported by additional studies
conducted on cotton, dry bean, lima bean, peanut, red table beet, rice,
snap bean, soybean, sugarcane and wheat.  The residues of concern in
plant commodities are pendimethalin per se and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl
alcohol metabolite; the chemical names and structures of pendimethalin
and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite are depicted in Appendix I.
 The current tolerance expression for pendimethalin in 40 CFR §180.361
is in terms of the combined residues of pendimethalin and its
3,5-dinitroenzyl alcohol metabolite; it is noted that the
3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite is also known by the company
designated name, CL202,347 and will be predominately referred to as
CL202,347 in this memorandum.  The proposed tolerance expression, from
IR-4 is consistent with 40 CFR §180.361.

The nature of the residue in animals is adequately understood.  Data
from the goat metabolism study, along with data from a poultry
metabolism study indicate that there is no reasonable expectation of
finite residues (pendimethalin, Goat Metabolite 6, and CL202,347) in
meat milk, poultry, nor eggs (40 CFR §180.361(a)(3)) as a result of the
proposed new uses.

There are adequate crop residue analytical methods for tolerance
enforcement and data collection.  Methods I through IV in the Pesticide
Analytical Manual (PAM) Volume II are gas chromatography with electron
capture detection (GC/ECD) methods having a limit of quantitation (LOQ)
of 0.050 ppm each for the parent compound and CL202,347.  Currently, all
pendimethalin tolerances for RACs are established at the combined LOQ
(or lowest level of method validation (LLMV)) of 0.10 ppm.  A
confirmatory gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) method
has been submitted with a petition on carrots, and has been found
adequate to determine the combined residues of pendimethalin and
CL202,347.  Methods used for analysis of samples from the current
petition were analyzed using a method of gas chromatography with
nitrogen-phosphorus detection (GC/NPD).  These methods are adequate for
data collection, based on acceptable method recoveries obtained during
sample analysis.

Adequate storage stability data were provided in conjunction with the
field trials.  These studies indicate that combined pendimethalin
residues are stable in frozen storage (≤-17(C) for intervals of up to
112 days in broccoli, 258 days in cabbage, 101 days in asparagus, 196
days in artichoke and 387 days in grape.  Together with earlier storage
stability data on a wide variety of plant commodities, the new storage
stability data support the sample storage durations and conditions used
in the submitted field trials.

The new field trials on asparagus, artichoke, broccoli, and grape are
adequate and support the proposed uses.  An adequate number of tests
were conducted on each proposed crop in the appropriate regions, and
samples were analyzed for the residues of concern using an adequate
method.

In the three artichoke field trials conducted during 1999, pendimethalin
(EC) was applied as one pre-transplant broadcast soil application made
at a rate of approximately 4.0 lb ai/A (4.48 kg ai/ha).  Trial results
show that all pendimethalin residues were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm)
in/on 200-226-day PHI artichoke samples.

In the six asparagus field trials conducted during 1998, pendimethalin
(EC) was applied as one broadcast application made to soil prior to
spear emergence at a rate of approximately 4.0 lb ai/A (4.48 kg ai/ha).
No adjuvants or additives were added to the spray mixture for any of the
above applications.  Asparagus was harvested 14-days after the
application.  Pendimethalin was found at residue levels of 0.055 and
0.062 ppm at the Prosser, WA site (.98-WA*48) only.  Residues at the
other trial sites were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm) in/on 14-day PHI
asparagus samples.  No CL202,347 residues were found above the LLMV on
any samples.

In the six broccoli field trials conducted during 1998, pendimethalin
(EC) was applied as one broadcast application made after transplanting
at a target rate of 1.0 lb ai/A (1.12 kg ai/ha).  No adjuvants or
additives were added to the spray mixture for any of the above
applications.  Trial results show that all pendimethalin residues were
below the LOQ (<0.05 ppm) in/on broccoli samples treated at a 58-99-day
PHI.

In the seven cabbage field trials conducted during 1997/1998,
pendimethalin (EC) was applied as one broadcast application made 72
hours after transplanting or at the 2-4 leaf stage at a rate of
approximately 1.0 lb ai/A (1.12 kg ai/ha).  No adjuvants or additives
were added to the spray mixture for any of the above applications.
Trial results show that all pendimethalin residues were below the LLMV
(<0.05 ppm) in/on 70-108-day PHI cabbage samples.

In the nine grape field trials conducted during 1995, pendimethalin (EC)
was applied as one broadcast soil application made during the
vegetative/fruiting stage at a rate of approximately 6.0 lb ai/A (6.73
kg ai/ha).  An additional trial was conducted at one site in California
(95-CA64) at an application rate of 12.0 lb ai/A (13.46 kg ai/ha) for
the collection of samples for processing into raisins and juice.  No
adjuvants or additives were added to the spray mixture for any of the
above applications.  Trial results show that all pendimethalin and
CL202,347 residues were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm) in/on 87-100 day PHI
grape samples.

Adequate processing studies with pendimethalin on grapes are not
available.  The submitted study (2X application rate) resulted in no
residues in/on the RAC and processed commodities (raisins and grape
juice), therefore a study with an application rate of at least 5X is
required.

Adequate confined rotational crop studies are available to support the
uses on crops that can be rotated (broccoli, asparagus, artichoke and
cabbage).  Based on the results of the confined accumulation studies,
ARIA concludes that the current rotational crop plant-back intervals
(PBIs) are acceptable and that field trials and tolerances for rotated
crops are not necessary.

As requested in the previous Residue Chemistry Summary Document (DP Num:
271502, W. Drew, 12/JUL/2006), field accumulation in rotational crops
(860.1900) are required to determine the uptake by rotational crops due
to the increased rate of application (4.0 lb ai/A).

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Regulatory Recommendations and Residue Chemistry
Deficiencies

No major deficiencies were noted in the subject petitions that would
preclude establishing permanent tolerances for pendimethalin on the
proposed commodities; provided that the petitioner addresses the
deficiencies noted below.  The available r  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 esidue
data support   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 establishing permanent tolerances for
pendimethalin residues at 0.15 ppm in/on asparagus, at 0.1 ppm in/on
brassic head and stem vegetables, globe artichoke, and grape.  In
addition, due to the deficiency in the submitted processing study,
tolerances should be set at 0.50 ppm for grapes and 0.15 ppm for grape
juice, based on default processing factors.    SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 A
summary of the proposed and recommended tolerances, along with the
correct commodity definitions for the requested commodities, are
presented in Table 7.

1.  Section F of the petition must be revised to reflect the recommended
tolerance levels and correct commodity definitions listed in Table 7.

2.  860.1200 Directions for Use:

(a) The product label must be amended to restrict use to a single
application for each of the proposed crops.

(b) As previously requested by HED (DP Num: 329627, W. Drew,
12/JUL/2006), ARIA concludes that the registrant should impose PBIs of
90-days for rotated cereal grain crops, and 270-days for all other
rotated crops, until limited field rotational crop studies (OPPTS
860.1900) have been conducted in order to determine if tolerances for
residues of pendimethalin in rotational crops are needed.

860.1520 Processed Food and Feed:

To remove the tolerances of 0.15 ppm for grape juice or 0.50 ppm for
raisins, the petitioner must submit a study using at least 5X the
application rate or show that the use of such a high rate is phytotoxic
to the plants and cannot be successfully completed.

860.1900 Field Accumulation in Rotational Crops:

HED has previously requested a limited field accumulation study (OPPTS
860.1900) to determine the amount of pesticide residue uptake into
rotational crops.  The limited field trials should reflect the maximum
label use rate of 4.0 lb ai/A for rotated crops, and should be conducted
on a representative crop (as defined in 40CFR §180.41), at two trial
sites per crop, for the following three crop groups:

	(1) root and tuber vegetables,

	(2) leafy vegetables, and

	(3) small grains (wheat, barley, oats, rye),

for a total of six trials.  The six trials should be conducted on crops
which the petitioner intends to have as rotational crops on the label.
Samples should be analyzed for pendimethalin and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl
alcohol metabolite.

Background

Pendimethalin is a preemergent and early postemergent dinitroaniline
herbicide.  Its proposed mode of action is the inhibition of seedling
growth.  Pendimethalin was developed for the control of most annual
grasses and certain broadleaf weeds.  The nomenclature and
physicochemical properties of pendimethalin are presented below in
Tables 1 and 2.  The chemical names and structures of pendimethalin and
its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite (CL202,347) are also depicted
in Appendix I.

TABLE 1.  Test Compound Nomenclature

Common name	Pendimethalin

Chemical Class	Dinitroaniline Herbicides

IUPAC name	N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-xylidine

CAS name	N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine

CAS #	40487-42-1

End-use product/EP	Prowl 3.3EC Herbicide (EPA Reg. No. 241-337), Prowl®
H20 (EPA Reg. No. 241-418)

Chemical Structure

TABLE 2.  Physicochemical Properties of the Technical Grade Test
Compound

Parameter	Valuea

Molecular Weight	281.3

Melting point	57.7-58ºC

Boiling point	330ºC

Vapor pressure	1.94 x 10-3 Pa @ 25°C

Henry’s Law Constant	2.728 x 10-3 KPa x m3/mol

Density 	0.85 g/cm3 @ 25°C

Vapor pressure	1.2x 10-5 Pa @ 25°C

Log10 KOW (Log P)	5.2 @ pH 7

Solubility	0.54 mg/L @ 20°C in water (pH 4)

0.33 mg/L @ 20°C in water (pH 7)

0.44 mg/L @ 20°C in water (pH 10)

48.9 g/L @ 20°C in n-hexane

66.08 mg/L @ 20°C in n-octanol

>800 g/L @ 20°C in ethyl acetate

>800 g/L @ 20°C in xylene

>800 g/L @ 20°C in acetone

>800 g/L @ 20°C in dichloromethane

Dissociation Constant	pKa = 2.8

aEuropean Commission Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General,
Directorate E – Pendimethalin 7477/ VI/98-final, 13 January 2000 (
HYPERLINK
"http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/protection/evaluation/existactive/list1-
35_en.pdf"
http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/protection/evaluation/existactive/list1-3
5_en.pdf )

860.1200 Direction for Use

IR-4 is proposing   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 new uses of pendimethalin for
broadleaf weed control in asparagus, artichoke, Brassica head and stem
vegetables, subgroup 5A and grape.  The formulations being proposed for
these uses include a 37.4% EC formulation (Prowl® 3.3 EC, EPA Reg. No.
241-377) and a 38.7% aqueous capsule suspension (Prowl® H20, EPA Reg.
No. 241-418).  These formulations are currently registered to BASF
Corporation, LLC for use on a wide variety of fruit, field and vegetable
crops.

IR-4 provided example labels containing the use directions for the other
crops.  IR-4 also provided summaries of the proposed use directions in
Section B of their petition.  The use directions summarized in Table 3
were obtained from the Section B provided by IR-4.

Table 3.	Summary of Directions for Use of Pendimethalin.

Applic. Timing, Type, and Equip.	Formulation

(EPA Reg. No.)	Applic. Rate

(lb ai/A)	Max. No. Applic. per Season	Max. Seasonal Applic. Rate

(lb ai/A)	PHI

(days)	Use Directions and Limitations

Artichoke

Apply as a broadcast spray directed to the soil surface 1-2 days prior
to transplanting.	Prowl® 3.3 EC

(241-377)	9.7 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	1	9.7 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	200	Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated
fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Apply as a broadcast spray directed to the soil surface 1-2 days prior
to transplanting.	Prowl® H20 (241-418)	8.2 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	1	8.2 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	200	Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated
fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Asparagus

Apply as soil directed broadcast spray at least 14 days before harvest,
prior to spear emergence.	Prowl® 3.3 EC

(241-377)	9.7 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	1	9.7 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	14 	Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated
fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Apply as soil directed broadcast spray at least 14 days before harvest,
prior to spear emergence.	Prowl® H20 (241-418)	8.2 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	1	8.2 pints/A

(4.0 lb ai/A)	14	Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated
fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Brassica Head and Stem Vegetables

Apply as broadcast foliar spray to 2-4 leaf vegetable transplants at 1
to 3 days after transplanting or of dierect seeded plants.	Prowl® 3.3
EC

(241-377)	2.4 pints/A

(1.0 lb ai/A)	1	2.4 pints/A

(1.0 lb ai/A)	60 broccoli, 70 cabbage	Do not feed forage or graze
livestock in treated fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Apply as broadcast foliar spray to 2-4 leaf vegetable transplants at 1
to 3 days after transplanting or of dierect seeded plants.	Prowl® H20
(241-418)	2.1 pints/A

(1.0 lb ai/A)	1	2.1 pints/A

(1.0 lb ai/A)	60 broccoli, 70 cabbage	Do not feed forage or graze
livestock in treated fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Grape

Apply as a soil directed broadcast spray underneath the canopy of grape
vines at least 90 days before the harvest.	Prowl® 3.3 EC

(241-377)	14.5 pints/A

(6.0 lb ai/A)	1	14.5 pints/A

(6.0 lb ai/A)	90	Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated
fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Apply as a soil directed broadcast spray underneath the canopy of grape
vines at least 90 days before the harvest.	Prowl® H20 (241-418)	12.3
pints/A

(6.0 lb ai/A)	1	12.3 pints/A

(6.0 lb ai/A)	90	Do not feed forage or graze livestock in treated
fields.

Most effective when incorporated in the weed germination zone by
rainfall or irrigation with 7 days of application.

Conclusions:  The available labels and Section B are adequate for
evaluation of the field trial data.  Based on the available field trial
data, the following revisions should also be made to the proposed labels
for both Prowl® 3.3 EC and Prowl® H20:

1.  The use on each crop should be restricted to a single application
per season.

860-1300 Nature of the Residue – Plants.

DP Num: 271502, W. Drew, 12/JUL/2006

DP Num: 221531, B. Cropp-Kohlligian, 08/DEC/1995

46407601.der, W. Drew, 12/JUL/2006

The nature of the residue in plants is   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 understood,
based on adequate studies conducted with [14C]-pendimethalin on potatoes
and sweet corn.  The results of these studies are supported by
additional corn, cotton, dry bean, lima bean, peanut, potato, red table
beet, rice, snap bean, soybean, sugarcane, and wheat metabolism data.
The residues of concern in plant commodities are pendimethalin per se
and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite.  The current tolerance
expression for pendimethalin in 40 CFR §180.361specifies the combined
residues of pendimethalin and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite.
The proposed tolerance expression in the subject petitions is adequate
and consistent with 40 CFR §180.361.

860.1300 Nature of the Residue – Livestock.

DP Num: 271502, W. Drew, 12/JUL/2006

46407601.der; W. Drew (12/JUL/2006)

DP Num: 183220, Paula Deschamp, 24/SEP/1993

The nature of the residue in animals is adequately understood.
Resolution of the residue characterization issue for goat kidney seems
to be pending.  Data from a goat metabolism study along with data from a
poultry metabolism study indicate that there is no reasonable
expectation of finite residues (pendimethalin, Goat Metabolite 6, and
the 3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite) in meat, milk, poultry and
eggs (40CFR §180.6[a][3]).  Tolerances for pendimethalin residues of
concern in livestock commodities are not needed for the purpose of
evaluating the petitions discussed in this document.

860.1340 Residue Analytical Methods.

DP Num: 238470, W. Cutchin, 02/AUG/1999

The PAM VII lists four gas chromatography, with electron capture
detection (GC/ECD), methods for the determination of pendimethalin
residues of concern in plant commodities.  Methods I and III determine
residues of the parent, whereas Methods II and IV determine residues of
CL202,347.  The LOQ (or LLMV) of each method is 0.05 ppm.  An adequate
confirmatory GC/MS method was submitted with a petition on carrots, to
determine residues of pendimethalin and CL202,347.

Data-Collection Methods:

The data-collection method, used by IR-4, for the analysis of samples
from the various field, processing and storage stability studies is a
SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 gas chromatography with nitrogen/phosphorus
detection (GC/NPD) method entitled either:

(1) Herbicide,Pendimethalin (CL 92,553):  Determination of CL 92,553 and
CL

202,347 (Metabolite) Residues in Grape (American Cyanamid Company
M1623), or

(2) Pendimethalin (CL 92,553):  Determination of CL 92,553 and CL202,347

(Metabolite) Residues in Alfalfa Green Forage, Alfalfa Seed, Alfalfa Hay
and Processed Meal, SOP M1930.01

Using these methods, residues were extracted with methanol and filtered.
 A 1% dodecane in methanol solution was added, and then concentrated.
After evaporation, residues were partitioned into hexane, concentrated,
then cleaned up using a Florisil column eluted with 10% ethyl
acetate/hexane for pendimethalin and 20% ethyl acetate/hexane for CL
202,347.  A 1% dodecane in ethyl acetate solution was added to each
fraction.  Residues were then determined via GC/NPD using an external
standard.  The LOQ or LLMV was 0.050 ppm for both pendimethalin and
CL202,347.  The GC/NPD method is adequate for data collection, based on
acceptable method recoveries obtained during sample analysis.

Conclusions:  Adequate methods are available for tolerance enforcement
and data collection.    SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Methods I through IV in the
PAM VII are GC/ECD methods with LOQs of 0.050 ppm each for the parent
and its CL202,347.  Currently, all pendimethalin tolerances for RACs are
established at the combined LOQ of 0.10 ppm.  A confirmatory GC/MS
method was submitted with a petition on carrots, and found adequate to
determine residues of pendimethalin and CL202,347.  Methods used for
data collection were GC/NPD.  This method is adequate for data
collection, based on acceptable method recoveries obtained during sample
analysis.

860.1360 Multiresidue Methods

DP Num: 271502, W. Drew, 12/JUL/2006

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Multiresidue method testing data for pendimethalin
and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite (CL202,347) have been
previously submitted, and forwarded to FDA.  The FDA PESTDATA database,
date January 1994 (PAM Volume I, Appendix1), indicates that
pendimethalin is completely recovered (>80%) by Multiresidue Methods
Sections 302 (Luke method; Protocol D) and 303 (Mills, Onley, Gaither
method; Protocol E, nonfatty), and partially recovered (50-80%) by
Multiresidue Method Section 304 (Mills fatty food method; Protocol E,
fatty).  Recovery data for CL202,347 were not reported.

860.1380 Storage Stability

In conjunction with each of the new field trials, concurrent storage
stability studies were also conducted using control samples of each
commodity fortified with pendimethalin and CL202,347 at 0.05 or 0.5 ppm
and stored under conditions similar to the field trial samples
(≤-17ºC).  These studies indicated that combined pendimethalin
residues are stable at <-17ºC for at least the following intervals: 112
days in broccoli, 258 days in cabbage, 101 days in asparagus and 387
days in grape.  The actual duration of sample storage from the new crop
field trials are presented in Table 4.  No residue decline was observed
in the submitted storage stability studies.

Table 4.	Summary of Storage Conditions and Intervals of Samples from
Crop Field Trials.

Matrix 	Analytes	Storage Temperature  (°C)	Actual Storage Duration

(Days)	Interval of Demonstrated

Storage Stability (Days)

Artichoke, globe	Pendimethalin/CL202,347	<-17	196	204

Asparagus	Pendimethalin/CL202,347	<-17	92	101

Broccoli	Pendimethalin/CL202,347	NR1	112	NR

Cabbage	Pendimethalin/CL202,347	<-17	142	258

Grape	Pendimethalin/CL202,347	-20 ± 6	344-402	387

Raisins	Pendimethalin/CL202,347	-20 ± 6	415	418

1 NR = Not Reported

Conclusions:  The available storage stability data are adequate and
support the sample storage durations incurred in the submitted field
trials.

860.1400 Water, Fish, and Irrigated Crops

This guideline requirement is not relevant to the current petition as no
aquatic uses are being proposed.

860.1460 Food Handling

This guideline requirement is not relevant to the current petition as no
food handling uses are being proposed for pendimethalin.

860.1480 Meat, Milk, Poultry, and Eggs

This guideline requirement is not relevant to the current petition as
none of the proposed crops are livestock feed items.

860.1500 Crop Field Trials

46963501.der.doc, J. Sullivan, 25/MAY/2007

46963502.der.doc, J. Sullivan, 25/MAY/2007

46963503.der.doc, J. Sullivan, 25/MAY/2007

46963504.der.doc, J. Sullivan, 25/MAY/2007

IR-4 has submitted new field trial data on asparagus, artichoke,
broccoli, cabbage, and grapes.  The broccoli and cabbage data will be
used to support a use on the Brassica head and stem vegetables, subgroup
5A.  The results from these studies are discussed below and summarized
in Table 5.    SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1

Table 5.	Summary of Residue Data from Crop Field Trials with
Pendimethalin (EC).

Crop matrix	PHI (days)	Total Applic. Rate  lb ai/A  (kg ai/ha)	Analyte
Residue Levels (ppm) 1

n	Min.	Max.	HAFT2	Mean	Std. Dev.

	Asparagus (proposed use = 4.0 lb ai/A total application rate, 14-day
PHI)

Asparagus	14	3.85 - 4.38

(4.316–4.910)	Pendimethalin	12	<0.050	0.062	0.059	0.051	0.004

3.85 - 4.38

(4.316–4.910)	CL202,347	12	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	12	<0.100	0.112	0.110	0.101	---

Asparagus	7	3.85 - 4.38

(4.316–4.910)	Pendimethalin	2	0.144	0.185	0.165	0.165	0.029

3.85 - 4.38

(4.316–4.910)	CL202,347	2	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	2	0.149	0.235	0.215	0.215

	Asparagus	21	3.85 - 4.38

(4.316–4.910)	Pendimethalin	2	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

3.85 - 4.38

(4.316–4.910)	CL202,347	2	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	2	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	---

Artichoke (proposed use = 4.0 lb ai/A total application rate, 200-day
PHI)

Artichoke	200-206

	4.18-5.73

(4.67–6.42)	Pendimethalin	6	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	CL202,347	6	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	6	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	---

	Brassica head and stem vegetables, subgroup 5A (proposed use = 1.0 lb
ai/A total application rate, 60-day PHI for broccoli, 70-day PHI for
cabbage)

Broccoli	58-99	0.99 – 1.03

(1.109-1.154)	Pendimethalin	12	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	CL202,347	12	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	12	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	---

Cabbage head with wrapper leaves	70-108	0.99 – 1.03

(1.109-1.154)	Pendimethalin	7	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	CL202,347	7	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	7	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	---

Cabbage head without wrapper leaves	70-108	0.99 – 1.03

(1.109-1.154)	Pendimethalin	7	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

7	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	CL202,347

	Combined	7	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	---

Grape (proposed use = 6.0 lb ai/A total application rate, 90-day PHI)

Grape

	87 - 100	5.74–11.95 (6.43–13.40)	Pendimethalin	18	<0.050	<0.050
<0.050	<0.050	---

	CL202,347	18	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	<0.050	---

	Combined	18	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	<0.100	---

1	LLMV is 0.05 ppm for all matrices and both analytes (pendimethalin,
CL202,347).

2	HAFT = Highest Average Field Trial.

Asparagus:  IR-4 has submitted field trial data for pendimethalin on
asparagus.  Six supervised crop field trials were conducted with
asparagus in EPA growing Regions 1 (NY, 1 trial), 5 (MI, 2 trials), 10
(CA, 2 trials) and 11 (WA, 1 trial).  In all trials, one broadcast
application of Prowl 3.3EC (37.4% pendimethalin) was made to soil prior
to spear emergence at a rate of approximately 4.0 lb ai/A (4.48 kg
ai/ha).  No adjuvants or additives were added to the spray mixture for
any of the above applications.  Asparagus was harvested 14-days after
the application in all trial sites except at the Prosser, WA site
(98-WA*48), where trials were conducted using 7-, 14-, and 21-day PHIs.
Pendimethalin was found at residue levels of 0.144 and 0.185 ppm (7-day
PHI samples), 0.055 and 062 ppm (14-day PHI samples), and <LLMV (21-day
PHI samples) at the Prosser, WA site (98-WA*48) only.  Residues at the
other trial sites were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm) in/on 14-day PHI and
21-day PHI asparagus samples.  No CL202,347 residues were found above
the LLMV on any samples.  Residue decline data were collected, and
pendimethalin residues decreased from 0.185 ppm at day 7 (no t = 0 data
was provided) to 0.062 at day 14 to <LOQ at 21 days after application.
Asparagus was stored frozen for a maximum of 92 days at <-17ºC.

Asparagus samples were extracted with methanol, partitioned into hexane,
concentrated to approximately 2 mL using a Turbovap system, and cleaned
up with Florisil SPE.  Quantitation was accomplished by GC/NPD.  Samples
of control asparagus were fortified at 0.05 ppm and 0.50 ppm.  The LLMV
was reported as 0.05 ppm for both pendimethalin and CL202,347.  The
limit of detection (LOD) was 0.007/0.0097 ppm (pendimethalin/CL202,347)
and the LOQ was 0.021/0.029 ppm (pendimethalin/CL202,347), calculated as
3 times the LOD for asparagus.

Artichoke:  IR-4 has submitted field trial data for pendimethalin on
artichoke.  Three supervised crop field trials were conducted with
artichoke in EPA growing Region 10 (CA).  In all trials, one
pre-transplant broadcast soil application of Prowl 3.3EC (37.4%
pendimethalin) was made at a rate of approximately 4.0 lb ai/A (4.48 kg
ai/ha).  No adjuvants or additives were added to the spray mixture for
any of the above applications.  In all trials, artichoke was harvested
200-226 days after the application.  Trial results show that all
pendimethalin residues were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm) in/on 200-226-day
PHI artichoke samples.  No residue decline data were collected.
Artichoke was stored frozen for a maximum of 196 days at <-20ºC.

Artichoke samples were extracted with methanol, partitioned into hexane,
concentrated to approximately 2 mL using a Turbovap system, and cleaned
up with Florisil SPE.  Quantitation was accomplished by GC/NPD.  Samples
of control artichoke were fortified at 0.05 ppm and 0.50 ppm.  The LLMV
was reported as 0.05 ppm for both pendimethalin and CL202,347.  The LOD
was 0.006/0.018 ppm (pendimethalin/CL202,347) and the LOQ was 0.02/0.05
ppm (pendimethalin/CL202,347), calculated as three times the LOD for
artichoke.

Brassica Head and Stem Vegetables, Subgroup 5A

Broccoli:  IR-4 has submitted field trial data for pendimethalin on
broccoli.  Six supervised crop field trials were conducted with broccoli
in EPA growing Regions 6 (TX, 1 trial), 10 (CA, 4 trials), and 12 (OR ,
1 trial) during the 1998 growing season. In all trials, one broadcast
application of Prowl 3.3EC (37.4% pendimethalin) was made after
transplanting at a target rate of 1.0 lb ai/A (1.12 kg ai/ha).  No
adjuvants or additives were added to the spray mixture for any of the
above applications.  In all trials, broccoli was harvested 58-99 days
after the application.  Trial results show that all pendimethalin
residues were below the LOQ (<0.05 ppm) in/on broccoli samples treated
at a 58-99-day PHI.  No residue decline data were collected.  Broccoli
was stored frozen for a maximum of 112 days at <-20 C.

Broccoli samples were extracted with methanol, partitioned into hexane,
concentrated to approximately 2 mL using a Turbovap system, and cleaned
up with Florisil SPE.  Quantitation was accomplished by GC/NPD.  Samples
of control broccoli were fortified at 0.05 ppm and 0.50 ppm.  The LLMV
was reported as 0.05 ppm.  The LOD was 0.02 ppm and the LOQ was 0.06 ppm
(calculated as 3 times the LOD) for broccoli.

Cabbage:  IR-4 has submitted field trial data for pendimethalin on
cabbage.  Seven supervised crop field trials were conducted with cabbage
in EPA growing Regions 1 (NY, 1 trial), 6 (TX, 1 trial), 2 (SC, 1
trials), 5 (OH and WI, 2 trials), 3 (FL, 1 trial), and 10 (CA, 1 trial).
 In all trials, one broadcast application of Prowl 3.3EC (37.4%
pendimethalin) was made 72 hours after transplanting or at the 2-4 leaf
stage at a rate of approximately 1.0 lb ai/A (1.12 kg ai/ha).  No
adjuvants or additives were added to the spray mixture for any of the
above applications.  In all trials, cabbage was harvested 70-108 days
after the application.  Trial results show that all pendimethalin
residues were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm) in/on 70-108-day PHI cabbage
samples.  No residue decline data were collected.  Cabbage was stored
frozen for a maximum of 142 days at <-20 ºC.  Frozen storage stability
samples were fortified at 0.50 ppm with pendimethalin and CL202,347 and
stored for 258 days.

Cabbage samples were extracted with methanol, partitioned into hexane,
concentrated to approximately 2 mL using a Turbovap system, and cleaned
up with Florisil SPE.  Quantitation was accomplished by GC/NPD.  Samples
of control cabbage were fortified at 0.05 ppm and 0.50 ppm.  The LLMV
was reported as 0.05 ppm for both pendimethalin and CL202,347.  The LOD
was 0.016/0.031 ppm (pendimethalin/CL202,347) and the LOQ was 0.05/0.09
ppm (pendimethalin/CL202,347), calculated as 3 times the LOD for
cabbage.

Grape:  IR-4 has submitted field trial data for pendimethalin on grape.
Nine supervised crop field trials were conducted with grape in EPA
growing Regions 1 (NY, 1 trial), 2 (NJ, 1 trial), 11 (WA, 2 trials), and
5 (CA, 5 trials).  In all trials, one broadcast soil application of
Prowl 3.3EC (37.4% pendimethalin) was made during the
vegetative/fruiting stage at a rate of approximately 6.0 lb ai/A (6.73
kg ai/ha).  An additional trial was conducted at one site in California
(.95-CA64) at an application rate of 12.0 lb ai/A (13.46 kg ai/ha) for
the collection of samples for processing into raisins and juice
(46963504.de2.doc).  No adjuvants or additives were added to the spray
mixture for any of the above applications.  Nine trials (twelve
requested) were conducted because no quantifiable crop residues were
expected.  One trial each was conducted in NAFTA Regions 1 and 2 rather
than the requested two trials in NAFTA Region 1.  In addition, two
trials were conducted in NAFTA Region 11 rather than one trial in NAFTA
Region 11 and one trial in NAFTA Region 12.  Grapes were harvested
87-100 days after the application at all trial sites.  A minimum of 4
pounds of grapes were collected per RAC sample.  Trial results show that
all pendimethalin and CL202,347 residues were below the LLMV (<0.05 ppm)
in/on 87-100 day PHI grape samples.  No residue decline data were
collected.  Grapes were stored frozen for a maximum of 402 days at –20
± 6 ºC.

Grape samples were extracted with methanol, while raisin samples were
extracted with 1:1 methanol:water.  After extraction, aliquots were
partitioned into hexane, concentrated to approximately 2 mL using a
Turbovap system, and cleaned up with a small disposable Florisil SPE
column.  Pendamethalin was eluted from the column with hexane/methylene
chloride (50/50) and CL202,347 was eluted with methylene chloride.
Quantitation was accomplished by fused silica GC/NPD.  Samples of grape
RAC were fortified at 0.05 ppm and 0.50 ppm for method validation
studies and 0.50 ppm for concurrent recovery studies.  The LLMV was
reported as 0.05 ppm for both pendimethalin and CL202,347.

Conclusions:  The available asparagus, artichoke, broccoli, cabbage, and
grape field trials are adequate and support the proposed use patterns.
An adequate number of tests were conducted on each crop in the
appropriate geographical regions.  Samples were analyzed for the
residues of concern (pendimethalin and CL202,347) using an adequate
method, and sample storage conditions and durations were supported by
the available/submitted storage stability data.  As residues were <LOQ
(or LLMV) (0.05 ppm) in/on all commodities, except asparagus, the data
support a tolerance of 0.10 ppm for the combined pendimethalin residues
(pendimethalin and CL202,347) in/on the following commodities:
artichoke, globe; Brassica head and stem vegetables, subgroup 5A; and
grapes.  Asparagus residues were greater than the LLMV in two of the 12
samples and therefore the recommended tolerance (0.15 ppm) was
calculated using the MLE and MRL spreadsheet calculators (See Appendix
II).

The petitioner must submit a revised Section F to adjust the proposed
tolerances to match the recommended tolerance and commodity definitions
as presented in Table 7.

860.1520 Processed Food and Feed

Grape is the only crop associated with the current petition for which a
processing study is required.  A grape processing study has been
submitted with the current petition (PP#6E7129).  All residues of
pendimethalin and CL202,347 were below the LLMV (<0.050 ppm) when
treated at 12.0 lb ai/A (2X rate).

Table 6.	Residue Data from the Grape Processing Study with Pendimethalin
and CL 202,347

RAC	Processed Commodity	Total Rate1

(lb ai/A)

(kg ai/ha)	PHI (days)	Residues (ppm)	Processing Factor2

Sample 1	Sample 2

	Pendimethalin 	Fruit, Grape	11.95

(13.40)	98	<0.050	<0.050	--

Pendimethalin 	Raisins	11.95

(13.40)	98	<0.050	<0.050	NC3

Pendimethalin 	Juice	11.95

(13.40)	98	<0.050	<0.050	NC

CL 202,347	Fruit, Grape	11.95

(13.40)	98	<0.050	<0.050	--

CL 202,347	Raisins	11.95

(13.40)	98	<0.050	<0.050	NC

CL 202,347	Juice	11.95

(13.40)	98	<0.050	<0.050	NC

1Applied at 2X rate

2Residues did not concentrate from grapes to the processed raisins or
juice fractions.

3NC = Not Calculated

Conclusions:  The submitted grape processing study is not adequate.  The
submitted study (2X application rate) resulted in no residues in/on the
RAC and processed commodities (raisins and grape juice), therefore a
study with an application rate of at least 5X is required.  Due to this
deficiency in the submitted processing study, tolerances should be set
at 0.50 ppm for grapes and 0.15 ppm for grape juice, based on default
processing factors.

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 860.1650 Submittal of Analytical Reference
Standards

Analytical reference standards for pendimethalin and its
3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol metabolite (CL202,347) are currently available
at the EPA National Pesticide Standards Repository.

860.1850/860.1900 Confined and Field Accumulation in Rotational Crops

DP Num: 271502, W. Drew, 12/JUL/2006

DP Num: 223184, B. Cropp-Kohlligian, 13/MAY/1996

An acceptable confined rotational crop study with pendimethalin is
available and was reviewed by HED (DP Num: 223184, B. Cropp-Kohlligian,
13/MAY/1996).  The results indicate that the TRR in representative crop
matrices (mature wheat straw, wheat grain, lettuce plants, radish tops,
and radish roots) will exceed 0.01 ppm when planted 90 and/or 270 DAT of
soil with radiolabeled pendimethalin at a nominal rate of 2.0 lb ai/A,
and that these radioactive residues in rotated crops will be extensively
metabolized.  Furthermore, the petitioner indicated that only
radioactive residues of pendimethalin per se exceeded 0.01 ppm in any of
the mature RACs studied, and that radioactive residues of pendimethalin
per se were below 0.01 ppm in lettuce plants, radish tops, and radish
roots at 270 DAT, as well as in wheat straw and grain at 90 DAT.  Based
on the study results, HED had concluded that the petitioner should
impose plant-back intervals (PBIs) of 90-days for rotated cereal grain
crops, and 270-days for all other rotated crops, until limited field
rotational crop studies (OPPTS 860.1900) have been conducted in order to
determine if tolerances for residues of pendimethalin in rotational
crops are needed.

Conclusions:  The maximum application rate which may be applied to
rotated food/feed crops (excluding crops grown for seed) is 4.0 lb ai/A.
 HED will not require a new confined rotational crop study reflecting
treatment at 4.0 lb ai/A because pendimethalin is typically applied
pre-emergence or early post-emergence to crops, and the nature of the
residues in rotational crops would likely be similar to primary crops.
However, as a result of the increase in application rate, HED has
previously requested a limited field accumulation study (OPPTS 860.1900)
to determine the amount of pesticide residue uptake into rotational
crops.

The limited field trials should reflect the maximum label use rate of
4.0 lb ai/A, and should be conducted on a representative crop (as
defined in 40CFR §180.41), at two trial sites per crop, for the
following three crop groups:

	(1) root and tuber vegetables,

	(2) leafy vegetables, and

	(3) small grains (wheat, barley, oats, rye),

for a total of six trials.  The six trials should be conducted on crops
which the petitioner intends to have as rotational crops on the label.
Samples should be analyzed for pendimethalin and its 3,5-dinitrobenzyl
alcohol metabolite.  The trials may be distributed at the petitioner’s
discretion among the representative crops showing uptake.  In addition,
some of the six trials could be conducted using other crops that are
typically involved in crop rotation, such as alfalfa and soybeans.  HED
and/or ARIA will assess the adequacy of the proposed rotational crop
restrictions when the requested data have been submitted and evaluated.

860.1550 Proposed Tolerances

The Residue Chemistry Chapter for the Pendimethalin RED concluded that
the residues of concern in plants are pendimethalin   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r
1 [N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] and its
metabolite, 4-[(1-ethylpropyl)amino]-2-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol
(CL202,347).  The chemical names and structures of pendimethalin and
CL202,347 are depicted in Appendix I. The proposed tolerance expression
is consistent with 40CFR §180.361.

A summary of tolerance assessments, following ARIA’s review of
submitted field and processing studies, is presented in Table 7.  ARIA
recommends tolerances of 0.1 ppm for the commodities listed in Table 7
which were not entered in a Tolerance/MRL Harmonization Spreadsheet (all
proposed commodities except asparagus), because all of the samples
treated at the proposed 1X application rate bore residues below the
method LLMV (or LOQ) (<0.050 ppm) for each analyte.  Following
application at 1X, the combined residues were <0.1 ppm in all samples of
artichoke (n = 6 samples), broccoli (n = 12), cabbage (n = 7) and grape
(n = 18).  The residues observed in all but two samples of asparagus (n
= 12) treated at 1X were also <0.050 ppm for each analyte.  The proposed
tolerance for asparagus was calculated using the maximum limit estimator
(MLE) and the maximum residue limit (MRL) spreadsheet.  Without ignoring
lognormality, a value of 0.15 ppm was recommended for asparagus using
the 95th percentile of EU method I.  ARIA also recommends establishing
tolerances for grape, raisin at 0.50 ppm and grape, juice at 0.15 ppm
due to inadequate grape processing studies.

There are currently no Canadian , Mexico or Codex maximum residue limits
(MRLs) for pendimethalin on the proposed commodities.  An International
Residue Limit Status sheet is appended at the end of this document in
Appendix II.

Pendimethalin tolerances are not required for milk, meat, poultry, nor
eggs for the purpose of evaluating the subject IR-4 petition.

Pending submission of a revised Section F to reflect appropriate
tolerance levels, there are adequate residue data to support the
establishment of pendimethalin tolerances on artichoke, globe;
asparagus; Brassica head and stem vegetables, subgroup 5A; and grape.

Table 7.	Tolerance Summary for Pendimethalin.

Commodity	Proposed Tolerance (ppm)	Recommended Tolerance (ppm)
Comments1;

Correct Commodity Definition

Brassica, head and stem, subgroup 5A	0.05	0.1	Adequate field trial data
are available.  All combined residues were <0.1 ppm.

Artichoke, globe	0.05	0.1	Adequate field trial data are available.  All
combined residues were <0.1 ppm.

Asparagus	0.1	0.15	Adequate asparagus field trial data are available and
the tolerance was calculated using the MLE and MRL spreadsheets.

Grape	0.05	0.1	Adequate grape field trial data are available.  All
residues in the field studies were below the combined residue LLMV (<0.1
ppm).

Grape, juice	--	0.15	Adequate grape processing studies were not
provided.  The study must use an application rate of at least 5X or the
petitioner may show that the exaggerated rate is phytotoxic to the crop.
 Once adequate studies have been reviewed, the tolerance may be revised
or withdrawn.

Grape, raisin 	--	0.50

	1 MLE = Maximum Limit Estimater; MRL = Maximum Residue Limit

References

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 DP Num:	238470

Subject:	PP#6E4603.  Request for the Use of Pendimethalin on Carrots.
Revised Section B and F; Confirmatory Method.  Amendments of 8/26/96 and
6/30/97.

From:		W. Cutchin

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 DP Num:	271502

Subject:	Pendimethalin.  IR-4 Tolerance Petitions   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1
Requesting Section 3 Registration for Food Uses of the Herbicide on
Fruiting Vegetables (PP#0E6175), Pome Fruit and Juneberry (PP#2E6450),
Stone Fruit (PP#2E6464), Pomegranate (PP#2E6449), Green Onion
(PP#5E6927), Strawberry (PP#5E6928), and Pistachio (PP#0E6083).  BASF
Corporation Tolerance Petition   SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Requesting Section
3 Registration for Food Uses of the Herbicide on Wheat (PP#4F6870).
Summary of Analytical Chemistry and Residue Data.

From:		W. Drew

To:		J.Tompkins and C. Bien

Dated:		12/JUL/2006

MRID(s):	44983303, 45134201- 45134203, 45660101-45660102, 45660201,
45682501-45682503, 46391002, 46391004-46391010, 46407601, 46407602,
46525101, 46525201

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 DP Num:	223184

Subject:	Pendimethalin Re-registration.  Confined rotational crop study.

From:		B. Cropp-Kohlligian

To:		Walter Waldrop/Jane Mitchell

Dated:		13/MAY/1996

MRID(s):	43918601

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 DP Num:	221531

Subject:	Product and Residue Chemistry Chapters for the Pendimethalin
Re-registration Eligibility Decision.

From:		B. Cropp-Kohlligian

To:		Lois Rossi, Chief

Dated:		08/DEC/1995

MRID(s):	None

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 DP Num:	183220

Subject:	Product and Residue Chemistry Chapters for the Pendimethalin
Re-registration Eligibility Decision.

From:		P. Deschamp

To:		Lois Rossi/Terri Stowe

Dated:		24/SEP/1993

MRID(s):	42467802, 42471902, 42471903 and 42471901

  SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1 Attachments:

Appendix I: Structures of Residues of Concern

Appendix II: Tolerance Calculations

Appendix III: International Residue Limits Status

Appendix I:

Chemical Name And Structure of Pendimethalin and its 3,5-Dinitro-Benzyl
Alcohol Metabolite.

Pendimethalin

                   	3,5-Dinitro-Benzyl Alcohol Metabolite

Chemical Name:  N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine

Company Experimental Name:  CL 92,553	Chemical Name:
4-[(1-ethylpropyl)amino]-2-methyl-3,5-dinitrobenzyl alcohol

Company Experimental Name:  CL 202,347

Appendix II

Tolerance assessment calculations.

The Agency’s Guidance for Setting Pesticide Tolerances Based on Field
Trial Data was utilized for determining appropriate tolerance levels on
asparagus, as not all of the residue values were below the LLMV
(LOQ)(<0.050 ppm).  However, the tolerance spreadsheet was not used to
calculate tolerances for artichoke, globe; broccoli; cabbage; and grape
as all residues were <LLMV (LOQ) in/on the samples from these crops.

The residue values used to calculate the asparagus tolerances are
provided in Table II-1.  These values were estimated values for the
residues below the LLMV (<0.050 ppm).  These estimated values (in
addition to the actual residue values) were used in the MRL spreadsheet
to calculate the recommended tolerance.  Visual inspection of the
lognormal probability plot (Figure II-1) indicates that the
“estimated” dataset is reasonably lognormal, and the result from the
approximate Shapiro-Francia test statistic (Figure II-2) confirms this
assumption.  Therefore, the Log Normal method was used to calculate
tolerances of 0.15 ppm for asparagus.

Table II-1:

Regulator:	EPA

Chemical:	Pendimethalin

Crop:	Asparagus

PHI:	14 Days

App. Rate:

	Submitter:

Residues

	0.105

	0.112

	0.073

	0.077

	0.080

	0.082

	0.085

	0.087

	0.089

	0.091

	0.094

	0.097

Figure II-1:

Figure II-2:

Appendix III:

INTERNATIONAL RESIDUE LIMIT STATUS

Chemical Name:  N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine
Common Name:

Pendimethalin	X Recommended Tolerances

 Reevaluated tolerance

  Other	Date: 26/JUN/2007

Codex Status (Maximum Residue Limits)	US Tolerances

( No Codex proposal step 6 or above

 No Codex proposal step 6 or above for the crops requested	Petition
Numbers:  6E7129

DP Num:  34034

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	Notes:  S.Funk, 06/27/2007

 PAGE

 PAGE   1  of   NUMPAGES  22

Pendimethalin	Summary of Analytical Chemistry and Residue Data	DPNum:
340343

 PAGE   22  of   NUMPAGES  22


[Federal Register: September 17, 2010 (Volume 75, Number 180)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 56866-56868]
[DOCID:fr17se10-5]

=======================================================================
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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

Coast Guard

33 CFR Part 100

[Docket No. USCG-2010-0534]
RIN 1625-AA08

Special Local Regulation; Monongahela River, Pittsburgh, PA

AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS.

ACTION: Temporary final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a special local regulation
from mile marker 2.2 (Southside Riverfront Park Boat Ramp) on the
Monongahela River to mile marker 2.7 (27th Street), extending 100 feet
out from the left descending bank. This special local regulation is
needed to safeguard participants of the Pittsburgh Dragon Boat Festival
from the hazards imposed by marine traffic. Entry into the regulated
area is prohibited, unless specifically authorized by the Captain of
the Port Pittsburgh or a designated representative.

DATES: This rule is effective from 11:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on September
18, 2010.

ADDRESSES: Documents indicated in this preamble as being available in
the docket are part of docket USCG-2010-0534 and are available online
by going to http://www.regulations.gov, inserting USCG-2010-0534 in the
``Keyword'' box, and then clicking ``Search.'' They are also available
for inspection or copying at the Docket Management Facility (M-30),
U.S. Department of Transportation, West Building Ground Floor, Room
W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., Washington, DC 20590, between 9
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions on this
temporary rule, call or e-mail ENS Robyn Hoskins, Marine Safety Unit
Pittsburgh, Coast Guard; telephone<PHONE_NUMBER> Ext. 2140, e-mail
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>If you have questions on viewing the docket,
call Renee V. Wright, Program Manager, Docket Operations, telephone
202-366-9826.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Regulatory Information

    The Coast Guard is issuing this temporary final rule without prior
notice and opportunity to comment pursuant to authority under section
4(a) of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 553(b)). This
provision authorizes an agency to issue a rule without prior notice and
opportunity to comment when the agency for good cause finds that those
procedures are ``impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the public
interest.'' Under 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(B), the Coast Guard finds that good
cause exists for not publishing a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
A NPRM would be impracticable with respect to this rule because
immediate action is needed to safeguard participants during the
Pittsburgh Dragon Boat Festival from the hazards imposed by marine
traffic, and re-scheduling the event is contrary to the public interest
of participants, spectators and vendors in having the event proceed as
scheduled.
    Under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3), the Coast Guard finds that good cause
exists for making this rule effective less than 30 days after
publication in the Federal Register because waiting 30 days would be
impracticable since immediate action is needed to safeguard
participants during the Pittsburgh Dragon Boat Festival from the
hazards imposed by marine traffic, and re-scheduling the event is
contrary to the public interest of participants, spectators and vendors
in having the event proceed as scheduled.

Basis and Purpose

    The Coast Guard is establishing a special local regulation from
mile marker 2.2 (Southside Riverfront Park Boat Ramp) on the
Monongahela River to mile marker 2.7 (27th Street), extending 100 feet
out from the left descending bank. This special local regulation is
needed to safeguard participants during the Pittsburgh Dragon Boat
Festival from the hazards imposed by marine traffic.

Discussion of Rule

    Vessels shall not enter into, depart from, or move within the
regulated area without permission from the Captain of the Port
Pittsburgh or his authorized representative. Persons or vessels
requiring entry into or passage through the regulated area must request
permission from the Captain of the Port Pittsburgh, or a designated
representative. They may be contacted on VHF-FM Channel 13 or 16, or
through Coast Guard Sector Ohio Valley at 1-800-253-7465. This rule is
effective from 11:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on September 18, 2010. The
Captain of the Port Pittsburgh will inform the public through broadcast
notices to mariners of the enforcement period for the special local
regulation as well as any changes in the planned schedule.

Regulatory Analyses

    We developed this rule after considering numerous statutes and
executive orders related to rulemaking. Below we summarize our analyses
based on 13 of these statutes or executive orders.

Regulatory Planning and Review

    This rule is not a significant regulatory action under section 3(f)
of Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, and does not
require an assessment of potential costs and benefits under section
6(a)(3) of that Order. The Office of Management and Budget has not
reviewed it under that Order.
    This rule will be in effect for a short period of time and
notifications to the marine community will be made through broadcast
notices to mariners. The impacts on routine navigation are expected to
be minimal.

Small Entities

    Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612), we have
considered whether this rule would have a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities. The term ``small entities''
comprises small businesses, not-for-profit organizations that are
independently owned and operated and are not dominant in their fields,
and governmental jurisdictions with populations of less than 50,000.
    The Coast Guard certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this rule will
not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small
entities.
    This rule will affect the following entities, some of which may be
small entities: The owners or operators of vessels intending to transit
that portion of the waterways from mile marker 2.2 (Southside
Riverfront Park Boat Ramp) on the Monongahela River to mile marker 2.7
(27th Street), extending 100 feet out from the left descending bank,
from 11:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. on September 18, 2010.
    This regulated area will not have a significant economic impact on
a substantial number of small entities for the following reasons. This
rule will be enforced on a weekend day and when traffic is low.

Assistance for Small Entities

    Under section 213(a) of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement
Fairness Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-121), we offer to assist small
entities in understanding the rule so that they can better evaluate its
effects on them and participate in the rulemaking process.
    Small businesses may send comments on the actions of Federal
employees who enforce, or otherwise determine compliance with, Federal
regulations to the Small Business and Agriculture Regulatory
Enforcement Ombudsman and the Regional Small Business Regulatory
Fairness Boards. The Ombudsman evaluates these actions annually and
rates each agency's responsiveness to small business. If you wish to
comment on actions by employees of the Coast Guard, call 1-888-REG-FAIR
(1-888-734-3247). The Coast Guard will not retaliate against small
entities that question or complain about this rule or any policy or
action of the Coast Guard.

Collection of Information

    This rule calls for no new collection of information under the
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520).

Federalism

    A rule has implications for federalism under Executive Order 13132,
Federalism, if it has a substantial direct effect on State or local
governments and would either preempt State law or impose a substantial
direct cost of compliance on them. We have analyzed this rule under
that Order and have determined that it does not have implications for
federalism.

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531-1538)
requires Federal agencies to assess the effects of their discretionary
regulatory actions. In particular, the Act addresses actions that may
result in the expenditure by a State, local, or tribal government, in
the aggregate, or by the private sector of $100,000,000 (adjusted for
inflation) or more in any one year. Though this rule will not result in
such an expenditure, we do discuss the effects of this rule elsewhere
in this preamble.

Taking of Private Property

    This rule will not cause a taking of private property or otherwise
have taking implications under Executive Order 12630, Governmental
Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property
Rights.

Civil Justice Reform

    This rule meets applicable standards in sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2)
of Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform, to minimize litigation,
eliminate ambiguity, and reduce burden.

Protection of Children

    We have analyzed this rule under Executive Order 13045, Protection
of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks. This rule
is not an economically significant rule and does not create an
environmental risk to health or risk to safety that may
disproportionately affect children.

Indian Tribal Governments

    This rule does not have tribal implications under Executive Order
13175, Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments,
because it does not have a substantial direct effect on one or more
Indian tribes, on the relationship between the Federal Government and
Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities
between the Federal Government and Indian tribes.

Energy Effects

    We have analyzed this rule under Executive Order 13211, Actions
Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use. We have determined that it is not a ``significant
energy action'' under that order because it is not a ``significant
regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866 and is not likely to
have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use
of energy. The Administrator of the Office of Information and
Regulatory Affairs has not designated it as a significant energy
action. Therefore, it does not require a Statement of Energy Effects
under Executive Order 13211.

Technical Standards

    The National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) (15
U.S.C. 272 note) directs agencies to use voluntary consensus standards
in their regulatory activities unless the agency provides Congress,
through the Office of Management and Budget, with an explanation of why
using these standards would be inconsistent with applicable law or
otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical
standards (e.g., specifications of materials, performance, design, or
operation; test methods; sampling procedures; and related management
systems practices) that are developed or adopted by voluntary consensus
standards bodies.
    This rule does not use technical standards. Therefore, we did not
consider the use of voluntary consensus standards.

Environment

    We have analyzed this rule under Department of Homeland Security
Management Directive 023-01 and Commandant Instruction M16475.lD, which
guide the Coast Guard in complying with the National Environmental
Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321-4370f), and have concluded
this action is one of a category of actions that do not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment. This
rule is categorically excluded, under figure 2-1, paragraph (34)(h) of
the Instruction, and an environmental analysis checklist and a
categorical exclusion determination are not required for this rule.

List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 100

    Marine safety, Navigation (water), Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Waterways.

0
For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Coast Guard amends 33
CFR part 100 as follows:

PART 100--SAFETY OF LIFE ON NAVIGABLE WATERS

0
1. The authority citation for part 100 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  33 U.S.C. 1233.

0
2. Add Sec.  100.T08-0534 to read as follows:

Sec.  100.T08-0534  Pittsburgh Dragon Boat Festival, Monongahela River,
Pittsburgh, PA.

    (a) Location. The following area is a regulated area: All waters of
the Monongahela River, from mile marker 2.2 (Southside Riverfront Park
Boat Ramp) on the Monongahela River to mile marker 2.7 (27th Street),
extending 100 feet out from the left descending bank.
    (b) Effective date. This section is effective from 11:30 a.m.
through 4:30 p.m. on September 18, 2010, and each year thereafter on a
date and time published in a Federal Register document.
    (c) Periods of enforcement. This section is effective from 11:30
a.m. through 4:30 p.m. on September 18, 2010. The Captain of the Port
Pittsburgh or a designated representative will inform the public
through broadcast notices to mariners of the enforcement period for the
special local regulation as well as any changes in the planned
schedule.
    (d) Regulations.
    (1) In accordance with the general regulations in Sec.  100.35 of
this part, entry into this area is prohibited unless authorized by the
Captain of the Port Pittsburgh.
    (2) Persons or vessels requiring entry into, departure from, or
passage through a regulated area must request permission from the
Captain of the Port Pittsburgh or a designated representative. They may
be contacted on VHF-FM Channel 13 or 16, or through Coast Guard Sector
Ohio Valley at 1-800-253-7465.
    (3) All persons and vessels shall comply with the instructions of
the Captain of the Port Pittsburgh and designated on-scene U.S. Coast
Guard patrol personnel. On-scene U.S. Coast Guard patrol personnel
includes Commissioned, Warrant, and Petty Officers of the U.S. Coast
Guard.

    Dated: August 13, 2010.
S.T. Higman,
Lieutenant Commander, U.S. Coast Guard, Acting Captain of the Port
Pittsburgh.
[FR Doc. 2010-23279 Filed 9-16-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 9110-04-P


Attn:  Variance Request Directorate of Enforcement Programs U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety & Health Administration 200 Constitution Avenue Washington, D.C. 20210

Re:  Fall Protection Variance Request					October 10, 2013

Dear Directorate of Enforcement Programs:

Please take this letter to request a Variance under the walking/working surface regulation to access the top of ovens when being serviced.

Background:  my organization, ITW Food Equipment Group LLC, DBA Hobart Service, repairs, maintains and installs commercial food equipment.  In that capacity, our technicians need to work on bakery ovens that have a height that would put them under consideration of the fall protection standard.

We have evaluated proper anchor points and passive fall protection options while servicing the tops of ovens in varying industrial kitchens across the country.  Commercial kitchens come in varying sizes and designs.  We have not been able to consistently find a proper, safe solution within these varied kitchen settings with one exception.  The exception is when we install new ovens and the oven has eyelets designed for lifting the oven. In these situations we are safely able to tie off at foot level with a double lanyard to each corner of the unit for positioning.  The eyelets are not available on every model oven installed in commercial kitchens.

Absent these eyelets, in most kitchens, it is next to impossible to find rated anchor points at chest level or above.

The Hobart Service Safety Committee has discussed this as a team.  We explored an option for telescopic posts from Miller Fall Protection Equipment.  Miller's representative showed us the telescopic posts that we considered using on every oven.  However, the tops of the ovens we work on are not rated for the plates the post must mount to in order to anchor successfully.  The tops of the ovens are more like a fascia and the only structural steel lies on the eyelets that are only on certain models.  While servicing the top of the oven, our Associates are standing or kneeling on the surface which is at 85", shown below. They work closer to the wall than the front of the equipment.  Most times they are kneeling since there is not enough clearance above their heads to stand.  The distance from the wall to the edge of the ovens ranges from 51" to 62". . 							                              Side view 51" to 62" from wall side

                                                85"

Hobart Service takes safety very seriously.  We are committed to Safety as 1 of our top 3 business initiatives.  In fact, just this past year, we invested over $600,000 in Arc Flash protection and other PPE updates.  Through this targeted focus, our first priorities have reduced our Incident Frequency Rate from 8.94 to below the OSHA Average to 3.76.  We did this by targeting our areas of risk.  Repairs on commercial ovens have not been an identified risk area as there have been no falls.

I respectfully ask for a Variance when servicing the tops of ovens when we are unable to recognize a properly rated anchor point or passive system.  We are willing to invest in a solution should a viable option be found in the future . Sincerely,


[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 163 (Wednesday, August 22, 2018)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 42437]
[FR Doc No: 2018-18112]

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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

Coast Guard

33 CFR Part 165

[Docket No. USCG-2018-0586]

Safety Zones; Annual Events Requiring Safety Zones in the Captain
of the Port Lake Michigan Zone--Corn Festival Fireworks

AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS.

ACTION: Notice of enforcement of regulation.

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SUMMARY: The Coast Guard will enforce a safety zone on the Illinois
River in Morris, IL. This action is necessary and intended to protect
the safety of life and property on navigable waters before, during, and
immediately after a shore based firework display. During the
enforcement period listed below, vessels and persons are prohibited
from transiting through, mooring, or anchoring within this safety zone
without approval from the Captain of the Port Lake Michigan or his or
her designated representative.

DATES: The regulations in 33 CFR 165.929, Table 165.929, item (h)(1)
will be enforced from 7:25 p.m. through 8:30 p.m. on September 29,
2018.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions about this
notice of enforcement, call or email LT John Ramos, Waterways
Management Division, Marine Safety Unit Chicago; telephone (630) 986-
2155, email address [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Coast Guard will enforce the Safety
Zone; Corn Festival Fireworks listed as item (h)(1) in Table 165.929 of
33 CFR 165.929. Section 165.929 lists annual events requiring safety
zones in the Captain of the Port Lake Michigan zone. This safety zone
will encompass all waters of the Illinois River within an 560 foot
radius from approximate launch position at 41[deg]21.173' N,
88[deg]25.101' W (NAD 83). This safety zone will be enforced from 7:25
p.m. through 8:30 p.m. on September 29, 2018.
    Pursuant to 33 CFR 165.929, entry into, transiting, or anchoring
within the safety zone during an enforcement period is prohibited
unless authorized by the Captain of the Port Lake Michigan, or his
designated on-scene representative. Those seeking permission to enter
the safety zone may request permission from the Captain of Port Lake
Michigan via channel 16, VHF-FM. Vessels and persons granted permission
to enter the safety zone shall obey the directions of the Captain of
the Port Lake Michigan or his designated representative. While within a
safety zone, all vessels shall operate at the minimum speed necessary
to maintain a safe course.
    This notice of enforcement is issued under authority of 33 CFR
165.929, Safety Zones; Annual events requiring safety zones in the
Captain of the Port Lake Michigan zone, and 5 U.S.C. 552(a). In
addition to this notice of enforcement in the Federal Register, the
Coast Guard will provide the maritime community with advance
notification of this enforcement period via Broadcast Notice to
Mariners and Local Notice to Mariners. The Captain of the Port Lake
Michigan or a designated on-scene representative may be contacted via
VHF Channel 16 or at<PHONE_NUMBER>.

    Dated: July 24, 2018.
Thomas J. Stuhlreyer,
Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Captain of the Port Lake Michigan.
[FR Doc. 2018-18112 Filed 8-21-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 9110-04-P


MEMORANDUM TO: 2006 Effluent Guidelines Program Plan Docket, EPA Docket Number OW 2004 032 FROM: Jessica Wolford, ERG DATE: 09 August 2005 SUBJECT: Identification of Facilities for the Porcelain Enameling Point Source Category INTRODUCTION The CWA sections 301( d), 304( b), 304( g), and 307( b) require EPA to annually review effluent guidelines and pretreatment standards. This document supports EPA's 2005 review of its existing effluent guidelines and pretreatment standards by identifying the proper regulatory classification for facilities that report the following SIC codes to TRI or PCS in 2002: 3431, 3469, 3479, 3631, 3632, 3633, and 3639. [ 1] These individual facility determinations in these seven SIC codes are necessary as facilities in these SIC codes may be regulated by either the Porcelain Enameling Point Source Category ( 40 CFR 466) or Metal Finishing Point Source Category ( 40 CFR 433). This analysis allows EPA to better define the pollutant discharge loads associated with the two categories.

EPA reviewed data for each of the 188 facilities that report SIC codes 3431, 3469, 3479, 3631, 3632, 3633, and 3639 to TRI and PCS in 2002. This memorandum discusses the methodology used to assign facilities to either the Porcelain Enameling or Metal Finishing Point Source Category.

METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS The current regulatory structure for the seven SIC codes ( 3431, 3469, 3479, 3631, 3632, 3633, and 3639) generally places wastewater dischargers into either the Porcelain Enameling or Metal Finishing Point Source Category. In particular, Metal Finishing effluent guidelines do not apply to wastewater dischargers that are regulated by the Porcelain Enameling effluent guidelines ( see 40 CFR 433.10( b)).

As a first step, ERG identified 188 facilities that report SIC codes 3431, 3469, 3479, 3631, 3632, 3633, and 3639 to TRI or PCS in 2002. ERG reviewed this list and identified facilities as Metal Finishing facilities if their facility name contained any of the 46 metal finishing unit operations and did not identify themselves as porcelain enamelers ( see 40 CFR 433.10( a) for a listing of the metal finishing unit operations). For example, some of these metal finishing unit operations include electroplating, etching and chemical milling, machining, hot dip coating including galvanizing, and painting. [ 2] This review resulted in EPA identifying 43 of the 188 facilities as Metal Finishing facilities ( e. g., Arkansas Galvanizing Inc. in Prairie Grove, AK).

ERG and EPA also reviewed data available on websites from the remaining 145 facilities and a porcelain enameling trade association ( Porcelain Enamel Institute). This review identified that 115 of the remaining 145 facilities performed metal finishing operations but did not qualify for regulatory coverage under the Porcelain Enameling category. Table 1 displays the most likely appropriate category for each of the 188 facilities that report one of the seven SIC codes to TRI or PCS in 2002. EPA solicits comment on these findings and its methodology assigning facilities to either the Porcelain Enameling or Metal Finishing Point Source Category. Table 1: Review of Facilities Reporting to TRI and PCS in 2002 in Applicable SIC Codes for the Porcelain Enameling Point Source Category TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 48077CSHMM6640S A. G. Simpson ( USA) Inc. Sterling Heights, MI X [ 3]

19014LLYSR121NC Alloy Surfaces Co. Inc. Chester, PA X [ 4]

44460MRCNS605SE American Standard Inc. Salem, OH X [ 5]

45895SPRRMKREIN American Trim Superior Metal Prods. Div. Wapakoneta, OH X [ 6]

72753RKNSSPRAIR Arkansas Galvanizing Inc. Prairie Grove, AR X [ 2]

40210STLCT1423W AST Electrofin Inc. Louisville, KY X [ 7]

01463STRWN21LOM Astron Inc. Pepperell, MA X [ 8]

39563TMTCP4212D Automatic Processing Inc. Moss Point, MS X [ 9]

06484TSWGP726RI Autoswage Prods. Inc. Shelton, CT X [ 10]

39218ZTCND106AZ Aztec Inds. Inc. Richland, MS X [ 11]

77229ZTCMN12433 Aztec Mfg. Partnership Ltd.

Houston Facility Houston, TX X [ 12]

75692ZTCMNHWY80 Aztec Mfg. Partnership

Waskom Ltd. Waskom, TX X [ 13]

65711BHLRC1401I Beehler Corp. Mountain Grove, MO X [ 14]

55406BKRSN3104S Boker's Inc. Minneapolis, MN X [ 15]

TN0023345 Briggs Industries Incorporated Knoxville, TN X [ 16]

13045BCKBMKELLO Buckbee Mears Cortland Cortland, NY X [ 17]

43551CMMRC3RDDS Calphalon Corp. Perrysburg, OH X [ 18]

44406CNFLD460WE Canfield Metal Coating ( Pittsburgh Canfield Corp.) Canfield, OH X [ 2]

02909MPRLP25MAN Cathedral Art Metal Co. Inc. Providence, RI X [ 19] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 15003HHRBR14THS Centria Ambridge, PA X [ 20]

43725GSMTH530NO Centria Cambridge, OH X [ 20]

02865CHMRT11NEW Chemart Lincoln, RI X [ 21]

48211CHMCL5485C Chemical Processing Inc. Detroit, MI X [ 22]

60455CHCGF9900I Chicago Finished Metals Inc. Bridgeview, IL X [ 23]

67337CFFYV2410B Coffeyville Re Con Coffeyville, KS X [ 24]

95688CRTGL4937A Court Galvanizing Inc. Vacaville, CA X [ 2]

48229CTHDC100MI Crown Group Escorse Plant Ecorse, MI X [ 25]

44515CBBSN380VI Cubbison Co. Youngstown, OH X [ 26]

48078CRTSC6645S Curtis Metal Finishing Co. Sterling Heights, MI X [ 27]

61115CRTSM9917N Curtis Metal Finishing Co. Machesney Park, IL X [ 27]

46803DKKST1311E Dekko Stamping Fort Wayne, IN X [ 2]

48084DPRND1902N Depor Inds. Inc. Troy, MI X [ 28]

65536DTRTT939BE Detroit Tool Eng. Lebanon, MO X [ 2]

65536CTRTT100CA Detroit Tool Metal Prods. Lebanon, MO X [ 2]

48120DBLGL3000M MI0044415 Double Eagle Steel Coating Co. Dearborn, MI X [ 29]

39212DBLGC1096M Double G Coatings Co. L. P. Jackson, MS X [ 30]

39212DBLCT951PR Doublecote L. L. C. Jackson, MS X [ 31]

02149DNCNG69NOR Duncan Group Evertt, MA X [ 32]

01906STRNT109BA Eastern Tool & Stamping Co.

Inc. Saugus, MA X [ 2]

30577TNRSPMEADO Eaton Aerospace Toccoa Plant 1 Toccoa, GA X [ 33] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 53081CLPSM1828O Eclipse Mfg. Co. Sheboygan, WI X [ 34]

50595WHTCN600ST Electrolux Home Prods. Webster City, IA X [ 6]

37172WCRNG1100I Electrolux Home Prods. Springfield, TN X [ 6]

50129WCLND601EC Electrolux Home Prods. Jefferson, IA X [ 6]

44460LJRPL921SE Eljer Plumbingware Inc. Salem, OH X [ 6]

14227CMCRT210FR Excel Precision Inc. Cheektowaga, NY X [ 35]

06795YLMTC1SEEM Eyelematic Mfg. Co. Inc. Watertown, CT X [ 36]

06702SPCLT574EA Eyelet Design Inc. Waterbury, CT X [ 37]

38606BTSVLHWY51 F Batesville Batesville, MS X [ 38]

48212FTXGR17450 Fitzgerald Finishing Co. Detroit, MI X [ 39]

07083FRMST641BA Foremost Mfg. Co. Inc. Union, NJ X [ 40]

44142DLPHN15657 Forest City Techs. Inc. OH Cleveland, OH X [ 41]

97210GLVNZ2406N Galvanizers Co. Portland, OR X [ 2]

40225GPPLNAPPLI GE Appliances Louisville, KY X [ 6]

35601GNRLL2328E GE Co. Decatur, AL X [ 6]

47401GNRLL301NO GE Co. GEA BPO L. L. C. Bloomington, IN X [ 6]

90063GRGND4116W George Inds. Los Angeles, CA X [ 42]

44706GRGRY1723C Gregory Galvanizing Canton, OH X [ 2]

44708GRGRY41001 Gregory Inds. Inc. Canton, OH X [ 2]

38901RNDLLHIGHW MS0000671 Grenada Mfg. L. L. C. Grenada, MS X [ 43]

36522GLFCSSOUTH Gulf Coast Galvanizing Inc. Citronelle, AL X [ 2]

24506HNSNP3300J Hanson Porcelain Co. Inc. A Div. Of ITW Food Equipment Group Lynchburg, VA X [ 6] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 62040HDTMN10NOR Heidtman Steel Prods. Inc. Granite City, IL X [ 44]

18407HNDRC7THAV Hendrick Mfg. Co. Carbondale, PA X [ 45]

48089HTCHC24660 Hi Tech Coatings Inc. Warren, MI X [ 46]

49461HWMTC555BE Howmet Castings  Plant 4 Whitehall, MI X [ 2]

33830HDSNTUSHIG Hudson Tool & Die Co. Ormond Beach, FL X [ 2]

53042HSHLD10EAS HUI Kiel, WI X [ 47]

53406NSNKR47002 In Sink Erator Racine, WI X [ 48]

77705NTRNT500IN International Galvanizer Ptnr.

Ltd. Beaumont, TX X [ 2]

01013THMSP24MON International Metal Prods.

Corp. Chicopee, MA X [ 49]

02703TCHLG1840C Interplex Etch Logic L. L. C. Attleboro, MA X [ 2]

TN0074713 Intex Enterprise L. L. C. Clinton, TN X [ 50]

11514JHNSN40VOI Johnson & Hoffman Mfg.

Corp. Carle Place, NY X [ 51]

42302KNTRN1204I Ken Tron Mfg. Inc. Owensboro, KY X [ 52]

53044KHLRC444HI Kohler Co. Kohler, WI X [ 53]

72143PLRST920EL Kohler Co. Searcy, AR X [ 53]

53044KHLRC444HA Kohler Co. Cast Iron Div. Kohler, WI X [ 53]

15902CCKRN75BRI Korns Galvanizing Co. Inc. Johnstown, PA X [ 2]

01605LJNWN15SAG L & J of New England Inc. Worchester, MA X [ 54]

18327NSTRMINTER Laird Techs. Delaware Water Gap, PA X [ 55]

19067PRFNS1295N PA0045021 Material Sciences Corp.

Engineers Materials and Solu. Morrisville, PA X [ 56] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 72143SPDQN200QU Maytag Appliances Searcy, AR X [ 6]

52204MNRFRFIRST IA0000744 Maytag Appliances Amana Refrigeration Prods. Amana, IA X [ 6]

29502CLRCC1500R Maytag Florence Ops. Florence, SC X [ 6]

62948NRGDV410EA IL0004715 Maytag Herrin Laundry Prods. Herrin, IL X [ 6]

50208MYTGCN19TH Maytag Newtown Laundry Prods. PL2 Newton, IA X [ 6]

37311MYTGC1545E Maytag P # 3 Cleveland Cooking Prods. Cleveland, TN X [ 6]

37311MGCCH740KI Maytag P # 1 Cleveland Cooking Prods. Cleveland, TN X [ 6]

45365MCHNC933OA Meghanical Galv plating Corp. Sidney, OH X [ 2]

91730CLFRB9133C Metal Coaters of California Rancho Cucamonga, CA X [ 2]

30062MTLCT1150M Metal Coaters of Georgia Marietta, GA X [ 2]

38113MTLPR1836D Metal Prep Memphis, TN X [ 57]

77011MTLPR501NG Metal Prep Houston, TX X [ 57]

54650MTLLCRT2BO Metallics Inc. Onalaska, WI X [ 58]

30336MTLPL500SE Metalplate Galvanizing L. P. Atlanta, GA X [ 2]

35201MTLPL11203 Metalplate Galvanizing L. P. Birmingham, AL X [ 2]

32219MTLPL7123M Metalplate Galvanizing L. P. Jacksonville, FL X [ 2]

35217MTLPL75744 Metalplate Galvanizing L. P. Birmingham, AL X [ 2]

77013MTLPL10635 Metalplate Galvanizing L. P. Houston, TX X [ 2]

77013MTLPL10625 Metalplate Galvanizing L. P. Houston, TX X [ 2]

48446CMTRN434MC Metokote Corp. Plant 16 Lapeer, MI X [ 59] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 48170MTKTC43963 Metokote Corp. Plant 18 Plymouth, MI X [ 59]

48439NVRSL3085 Metokote Corp. Plant 20 Grand Blanc, MI X [ 59]

50703MTKTC2320N Metokote Corp. Plant 24 Waterloo, IA X [ 59]

45801MTKTC1340N Metokote Corp. Plant 25 Lima, OH X [ 59]

62040MDWST9KONZ Midwest Metal Coatings Granite City, IL X [ 2]

54221MRRCR2001M Mirro Co. Plant 50/ 60/ 70 Manitowoc, WI X [ 60]

45044PRFNS2400Y MSC Engineered Materials &

Solutions Group Inc. Middletown, OH X [ 56]

60007PRFNS2200E MSC Engineered Materials &

Solutions Corp. Elk Grove Village, IL X [ 56]

47307CRFDM1210E MTI Dynamerica Muncie, IN X [ 61]

76053BYLSG625WH North American Galvanizing Co. Hurst, TX X [ 2]

77064NRTHM9103F North American Galvanizing Co. Fairbanks Houston, TX X [ 2]

37209BYLSG20032 North American Galvanizing Co. Nashville Nashville, TN X [ 2]

74107RGRSG1800W North American Galvanizing Co. Plant 1 Tulsa, OK X [ 2]

74107RGRSG2506W North American Galvanizing Co. Plant 2 Tulsa, OK X [ 2]

55416NRTHL5005H Northland Aluminum Prods.

Inc. Minneapolis, MN X [ 62]

06722WTRBRAVENU OGS Techs. Inc. Waterbury, CT X [ 63]

17404GTPRD1128R Osram Sylvania Prods. Inc. York, PA X [ 64] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 44112PRKRR1688A Parker Rust Proof of Cleveland Cleveland, OH X [ 65]

01757PHTFB500FO Photofabrication Eng. Inc. Milford, MA X [ 66]

58463PLRWR9104T Polar Ware Co. McClusky, ND X [ 67]

53083PLRWR2806N Polar Ware Co. Sheboygan, WI X [ 67]

46224PRXRS1415M Praxair Surface Tech. Inc. Indianapolis, IN X [ 68]

46224NNCRB1245M Praxair Surface Tech. Inc. Indianapolis, IN X [ 68]

46224NNCRB1500P Praxair Surface Techs. Inc. Indianapolis, IN X [ 68]

33407PRCSP2656E Precious Plate Florida West Palm Beach, FL X [ 69]

77015PRCTM16402 Precoat Metals Houston, TX X [ 70]

62040PRCTM25NOR Precoat Metals Granite City, IL X [ 70]

39212PRCTM1095M Precoat Metals Jackson, MS X [ 70]

15132NMLPR3500W Precoat Metals Div. Of Sequa Coatings Corp. McKeesport, PA X [ 70]

42366PRMML5680O Premium Allied Tool Inc. Philpot, KY X [ 2]

77064QLTYP9610F Quality Product Finishing Inc. Houston, TX X [ 71]

02724RFLKC109HO Reflek Corp. Fall River, MA X [ 72]

74015GRNYC5101B Reinforcing Services Inc. Catoosa, OK X [ 73]

02360RVRCP28BOU Revere Graphic Worldwide Inc. Plymouth, MA X [ 74]

46345RLLCT2NDAN IN0038172 Roll Coater Kingsbury, IN X [ 2]

46140RLLCT3398E Roll Coater Inc. Greenfield, IN X [ 2]

26062RLLCT4502F Roll Coater Inc. Weirton, WV X [ 2] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 42348WRLDS45RIV Roll Coater Inc. Hawesville Facility Hawesville, KY X [ 2]

30728RPRCR1507B Roper Corp. LaFayette, GA X [ 75]

08875RTRCL187DA Rotor Clip Co. Inc. Somerset, NJ X [ 76]

53177RDLGH15009 Ruud Lighting Inc. Delta Finishing Div. Sturtevant, WI X [ 77]

37015STTND500BY TN0002488 State Inds. Inc. Ashland City, TN X [ 78]

94806MSCPR2995A Steelscape Richmond, CA X [ 79]

91730SPRCT11200 Steelscape Inc. Rancho Cucamonga, CA X [ 79]

06787YLTSF45OLD Stewart EFI CT L. L. C. Thomaston, CT X [ 80]

10704STWRT630CE Stewart EFT NY L. L. C. Yonkers, NY X [ 80]

33069STMPS1515S Stimpson Co. Inc. Pompano Beach, FL X [ 81]

45365THSTL1501W Stolle Prods. Sidney, OH X [ 82]

42102SPRRC204RI Superior Coatings L. L. C. Elizabethtown, KY X [ 2]

55428THMSN7024N Thomas Eng. Co. Brooklyn Park, MN X [ 83]

44646TNCRP2406T Tinnerman Palnut Engineered Prods. L. L. C. Massillon, OH X [ 84]

24370TDWHL227AL Titan Wheel Corp. of Virginia Saltville, VA X [ 85]

76111TRNTY2548N Trinity Inds. Inc. Fort Worth, TX X [ 86]

45801TRNTY425EO Trinity Inds. Inc. Lima, OH X [ 86]

29115TRNTY600PR Trinity Inds. Inc. Orangeburg, SC X [ 86]

42701TRNTY302ST Trinity Inds. Inc. Plant 03 Elizabethtown, KY X [ 86]

07111TRNST57COR Truarc Co. L. L. C. Irvington, NJ X [ 87]

02861TRXNC300AR Truex Inc. Pawtucket, RI X [ 88] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category 06405TRBNC4COMM Turbine Components Corp.

Site 1, 2, & 4 Branford, CT X [ 89]

47304TWSNT4620W Twoson Tool Muncie, IN X [ 2]

19106NTDST151NI U. S. Department of the Treasury Mint Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA X [ 90]

80204NTDST320WE U. S. Department of the Treasury U. S. Mint Denver Denver, CO X [ 90]

94102SMNTT155HE U. S. Department of the Treasury U. S. Mint San Francisco San Francisco, CA X [ 90]

44092NVRSL29980 Universal Metal Prods.

130130 Wickliffe, OH X [ 91]

90810CLWST2226E Valmont Coatings Calwest Galvanizing Long Beach, CA X [ 2]

51102SXLND2301B Valmont Coatings Inc. ( DBA Siouxland Galvanizing Corp.) Sioux City, IA X [ 2]

84042NTRMN1085W Valmont Coatings Intermountain Galvanizing Lindon, UT X [ 2]

97062PCFCS9700S Valmont Coatings Pacific States Galvanizing Tualatin, OR X [ 2]

46550VTCNC900EW Vitco Inc. Nappanee, IN X [ 92]

53081THVLL1236N Vollrath Co. L. L. C. Sheboygan, WI X [ 93]

45875WCWDC9444W W. C. Wood Co. Inc. Ottawa, OH X [ 94]

70767WSTSD3520S Westside Galvanizing Services Inc. Port Allen, LA X [ 2]

26030WHLNGROUTE WV0004511 Wheeling Corrugating Co.

Beech Bottom Plant Beech Bottom, WV X [ 95] Table 1: ( Continued)

TRI ID Number NPID Number Facility Facility Location Categorized into Metal Finishing Category Categorized into Porcelain Enameling Category OH0011339 Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corporation Martins Ferry, OH X [ 96]

OH0011355 Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corporation Mingo Junction, OH X [ 96]

OH0011371 Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corporation Yorkville, OH X [ 96]

47727WHRLPUSHIG Whirlpool Corp. Evansville, IN X [ 6]

72903WHRLP6400J Whirlpool Corp. Fort Smith, AR X [ 6]

43410WHRLP119BI Whirlpool Corp. Clyde Div. Clyde, OH X [ 6]

45840WHRLP4901N Whirlpool Corp. Findlay Div. Findlay, OH X [ 6]

43302WHRLP1300M Whirlpool Corp. Marion Div. Marion, OH X [ 6]

74117WHRLP7301W Whirlpool Corp. Tulsa Div. Tulsa, OK X [ 6]

43543WNZLR129WA Winzeler Stamping Co. Plant 1 Montpelier, OH X [ 2]

53186WSCNS204WI Wisconsin Mechanical L. L. C. Waukesha, WI X [ 97]

35660RYNLD501W2 Wise Alloys L. L. C. Sheffield Plant Sheffield, AL X [ 98]

44104WLSST3292E WLS Stamping Co. Cleveland, OH X [ 2]

Note: NPID Numbers and TRI ID Numbers included only for facilities reporting to PCS or TRI in Porcelain Enameling Category applicable SIC codes. REFERENCES 1. U. S. EPA. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and New Source Performance Standards for the Porcelain Enameling Point Source Category. EPA 440/ 1 82/ 072. Washington, D. C. 1982.

2. U. S. EPA. Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and New Source Performance Standards for the Metal Finishing Point Source Category. EPA 440/ 1 83/ 091. Washington, D. C. 1983.

3. All About AGS. AGS Automotive Systems. < http:// www. agsautomotive. com/ about. cfm>. July 7, 2005.

4. Kelley, Lynn. APV Acquires Alloy Surfaces Co. Chemical Division. APV Engineered Coatings. July 10, 2003. < http:// www. apvcoatings. com/ cms/ news/ 1e17f348f2e24fd4>. July 28, 2005.

5. American Standard  Bathroom Fixtures and Faucets. American Standard Companies. 2005. < http:// www. americanstandard us. com>. July 28, 2005.

6. Sources Listed Alphabetically. Porcelain Enamel Institute. 2005. < http:// www. porcelainenamel. com/ sourca. htm>. August 3, 2005.

7. Properties. Electrofin Inc. < http:// www. electrofin. com/ properties. htm>. July 28, 2005.

8. Homepage. Astron Inc. 2002. < http:// www. astronstamping. com>. July 28, 2005.

9. Automatic Processing Inc. ( API). Aztec Galvanizing Services. < http:// www. aztecgalvanizing. com/ APIinfo. htm>. July 28, 2005.

10. Plating. Autoswage Products Inc. < http:// www. autoswage. com/ qp. html>. July 28, 2005.

11. Aztec Industries Inc. Aztec Galvanizing Services. < http:// www. aztecgalvanizing. com/ AZINDinfo. htm>. July 28, 2005.

12. Aztec  Houston. Aztec Galvanizing Services. < http:// www. aztecgalvanizing. com/ HOUSinfo. htm>. July 28, 2005.

13. Aztec  Waskom. Aztec Galvanizing Services. < http:// www. aztecgalvanizing. com/ WASKinfo. htm>. July 28, 2005.

14. Homepage. Beehler Corporation. 2003. < http:// www. beehler. com>. July 28, 2005.

15. Homepage. Boker's Inc. 2005. < http:// www. bokers. com// index. cfm? fa= stampings>. July 28, 2005.

16. Products. Briggs Plumbing Products. 2003. < http:// briggsplumbing. com/ products>. July 28, 2005.

17. Homepage. Buckbee Mears. < http:// bmcmask. com/ innovative/ index. tpl>. July 28, 2005.

18. Product Search. Calphalon Corp. 2005. < http:// www. calphalon. com/ calphalon/ consumer/ jhtml/ productSearch. jhtm>. July 28, 2005.

19. About Us. Cathedral Art Metal Co., Inc. 2005. < http:// www. cathedralart. com/ AboutUs. php3>. July 28, 2005.

20. Coatings, Finishes, and Substrates. Centria: Coating Systems. 2002. < http:// www. centria. com/ public/ coating_ systems/ coating_ systems. asp>. July 28, 2005.

21. Industrial Division. ChemArt. 2004. < http:// www. chemart. com/ Chemart2/ Industrial. php>. July 28, 2005.

22. Chemical Processing, Inc. Thomas Publishing Company. 2005. < http:// www. thomasnet. com/ heading. html? what= Adhesives% 3A+ Custom& cov= MI& hea ding= 446005& cid= 167117& printpage= 1>. August 3, 2005.

23. History. CFM Companies. < http:// www. cfmcompanies. com/ history. htm>. July 28, 2005.

24. Coffeyville Re Con, Inc. Emissionsonline. org < http:// emissionsonline. org/ plant/ ks/ pl26646x. htm>. July 28, 2005.

25. Coating Technologies. The Crown Group. 2004. < http:// www. thecrowngrp. com/ coating. html>. July 28, 2005.

26. Homepage. Curbbison Company. 2005. < http:// www. cubbison. com>. July 28, 2005.

27. Homepage. Curtis Metal Finishing Company. < http:// www. curtismetal. com/ curtis/ index. htm>. July 28, 2005.

28. Homepage. Depor Industries, Inc. < http:// www. deporindustries. net> July 28, 2005.

29. Double Eagle Steel. U. S. Steel. 2005. < http:// www. ussteel. com/ corp/ facilities/ jointventures/ double_ eagle. htm>. July 28, 2005.

30. Joint Ventures  Double G Coatings Company LP. International Steel Group Inc. < http:// www. intlsteel. com/ content/ facilities/ fac_ IsgJointVenture. aspx>. August 3, 2005. 31. Our Company. Doublecote L. L. C. < http:// customer. doublecote. com/ 2000> July 28, 2005.

32. Homepage. The Duncan Group. < http:// www. duncangalvanizing. com/>. July 28, 2005.

33. Homepage. Eaton Aerospace. 2001. < http:// www. aerospace. eaton. com/ index. html>. July 28, 2005.

34. Engineered Solutions: Complex Metal Components and Assemblies. Eclipse Manufacturing. < http:// www. eclipsemfg. com/ gfx/ eclipse. pdf>. July 28, 2005.

35. Homepage. CCT Marketing, Corp. & Excel Precision, Inc. 1999. < http:// www. cctmexcel. com/ index. html>. August 3, 2005.

36. Eyelematic Manufacturing Company, Inc. Cosmetic/ Personal Care Packaging. 2001. < http:// www. cpcpkg. com/ dir/ co/ 202/ 20294. html>. July 28, 2005.

37. About EDI. Eyelet Design Inc. < http:// www. eyeletdesign. com/ aboutedi. htm>. July 28, 2005.

38. Furniture Showrooms and Service Centers. Kimball. < http:// www. kimball. com/ dspbusunitdesc. cfm>. August 3, 2005.

39. Homepage. Fitzgerald Finishing Company. < http:// www. fitzgeraldfinishing. com/>. July 28, 2005.

40. Homepage. Foremost Manufacturing Co., Inc. < http:// www. mfgshops. com/ mfgshopssupplier. cfm? supplierID= 2061& discID= 68& discPo sition= 5>. July 28, 2005.

41. Homepage. Forest City Technologies, Inc. < http:// www. forestcitytech. com>. July 28, 2005.

42. Homepage. Valmont Coatings. 2005. < http:// www. valmont. com/ asp/ coatings/ default. asp>. July 28, 2005.

43. Industry List 2005. Grenada County Chamber of Commerce. < http:// www. grenadamississippi. com/ pdfs/ 2005% 20Industry% 20List. pdf>. July 28, 2005.

44. Homepage. Heidtman Steel. < http:// www. heidtman. com>. July 28, 2005.

45. Capabilities. Hendrick Manufacturing Co. 2001. < http:// www. hendrickmfg. com/ capabilities. htm>. July 28, 2005. 46. Hi Tech Coatings. Parts Finishing Group. 2005. < http:// www. partsfinishing. com/ a2 cd3. html>. July 28, 2005.

47. Company Brochure. HUI Manufacturing. 2004. < www. huimfg. com>. July 28, 2005.

48. Household Products. In Sink Erator. 2002. < http:// www. insinkerator. com/ household. shtml>. July 28, 2005.

49. Services. International Metal Products Co. 2004. < http:// www. impco org/ services. htm>. August 3, 2005.

50. Company History. Intex Enterprise L. L. C. 2005. < http:// www. intexenterprises. net/ History. htm>. July 28, 2005.

51. Company Profile. Johnson & Hoffman Mfg. Corp. < http:// www. johnsonhoffman. com/ profile. htm>. July 28, 2005.

52. Homepage. Ken Tron Mfg. 2002. < http:// www. ken tron. com/ index. asp>. July 28, 2005.

53. About Kohler Co. Kohler Co. < http:// www. kohler. com/ corp/ kohlerfamily01. html>. July 28, 2005.

54. What We Do. L & J of New England Inc. < http:// www. ljne. com/ nf_ whatwedo. htm>. July 28, 2005.

55. About Us. Laird Technologies. < http:// www. lairdtech. com/ pages/ company/ aboutUs. asp>. July 28, 2005.

56. Material Science Corporation Corporate Background. Material Science Corporation. 2004. < http:// www. msc emd. com/ mscbackground. shtml>. July 28, 2005.

57. Homepage. Metal Prep. < http:// www. m prep. com/ index. htm>. July 28, 2005.

58. Capabilities. Metallics, Inc. 2005. < http:// www. metallics. net/ activea. asp? CompID= 23& btnSubmit= ByFileCategoryID& cbo ApplicationID= 321& cboFileCategoryID= 975>. August 3, 3005.

59. Homepage. MetoKote Corporation. < http:// www. metokote. com/>. July 28, 2005.

60. Mirro Company Homepage. The WearEver Company. < http:// www. wearever. com/ cookware/ mirro/ index. htm>. July 28, 2005.

61. DynAmerica Manufacturing. TMB Industries. 2004. < http:// www. tmbindustries. com/ acquisitions_ business_ units_ dynamerica. htm>. August 3, 2005. 62. Industrial Operations  Facilities. NordicWare. 2003. < http:// www. nordicware. com/ IndCoatings/ facilities/ index.>. July 28, 2005.

63. The Waterbury Button Company. OGS Technologies. 2002. < http:// www. waterburybutton. com/ index. shtml>. August 3, 2005.

64. The SYLVANIA Enterprise. Osram Sylvania. 2004. < http:// www. sylvania. com/ AboutUs/ ExploreOurCompany/ WhoWeAre/ TheSYLVANIAE nterprise/>. July 28, 2005.

65. Homepage. Parker Rust Proof. 1998. < http:// www. parkerhq. com/ index. htm>. July 28, 2005.

66. Homepage. Photofabrication Engineering Inc. < http:// www. photofabrication. com/ index. php>. July 28, 2005.

67. Homepage. Polar Ware. 2003. < http:// www. polarware. com/ PolarwareInternet. nsf/>. July 28, 2005.

68. Products and Services. Praxair. 2005. < http:// www. praxair. com/ praxair. nsf/ AllContent/ 76AF189CE2FDAFDB85256D58005F2 1E9? OpenDocument& View= LeftNavMenu& Expand= 2>. July 28, 2005.

69. A Tradition of Quality. Precious Plate Florida. < http:// www. preciousplatefla. com/ tradition. html>. July 28, 2005.

70. Homepage. Precoat Metals. 2004. < http:// www. precoatmetals. com/ Precoatmetals/ Home/ Home. jsp>. July 28, 2005.

71. Homepage. Quality Product Finishing, Inc. < http:// www. qpfinishing. com/ index. htm>. July 28, 2005.

72. Reflections of Downlighting. Bill Brown Sales Co. 2005. < http:// www. billbrownsales. com/ companies/ reflek/ downlighting. htm>. August 3, 2005.

73. Tulsa Plant. North American Galvanizing Company. 2002. < http:// www. nagalv. com/ locations/ tulsa2. asp>. August 3, 2005.

74. Applications. Revere Graphic Worldwide. < http:// www. etchrevere. com/ applications. html>. July 28, 2005.

75. Roper Corporation. Whirlpool Corporation. 2005. < http:// www. roperappliances. com>. August 3, 2005. 76. Facilities. Rotor Clip Company. < http:// www. rotorclip. com/ usa/ facilities. htm>. July 28, 2005.

77. About Us. Ruud Lighting Inc. 2005. < http:// www. ruudlighting. com/ about_ us/ aboutmain asp>. July 28, 2005.

78. Homepage. State Industries, Inc. 2005. < http:// www. stateind. com/>. August 3, 2005.

79. Homepage. Steelscape, Inc. 2005. < http:// www. steelscape. com>. July 28, 2005.

80. Homepage. Stewart EFI L. L. C. < http:// www. stewartstamping. com/ index. cfm>. July 28, 2005.

81. Stimpson Company Facilities. Stimpson Co., Inc. < http:// www. stimpsonco. com/ stimpson_ facilities. htm>. July 28, 2005.

82. Locations. American Trim. 2005. < http:// www. amtrim. com/ contact. php>. July 28, 2005.

83. Homepage. Thomas Engineering Company. 2005. < http:// www. thomasengineering. com/>. August 3, 2005.

84. About Us. Tinnerman Palnut Engineered Products Inc. 2004. < http:// www. tinnermanpalnut. com/ SUBPAGE. ASP? PAGE_ ID= 651& LANGUAGE_ ID= 1>. July 28, 2005.

85. Heritage. Titan International, Inc. 1997. < http:// www. titan intl. com/ heritage. html>. August 3, 2005.

86. About Us. Trinity Industries, Inc. 2001. < http:// www. trin. net/ aboutus/ default. html>. July 28, 2005.

87. Products. Truac Company L. L. C. < http:// www. truarc. com/ products. php>. August 3, 2005.

88. Homepage. Truex Inc. 2004. < http:// www. truexinc. com/ index. php>. July 28, 2005.

89. Howmet TCC  Branford, CT. Alcoa, Inc. 2005. < http:// www. alcoa. com/ locations/ alcoa_ location/ en/ home. asp? code= 481>. August 3, 2005.

90. About the United States Mint. The United States Mint. 2005. < http:// www. usmint. gov/ about_ the_ mint/ index. cfm? flash= yes>. July 28, 2005.

91. Company Profile. Universal Metal Products. < http:// www. universalmetalproducts. com/ company_ profile. html>. July 28, 2005.

92. Products. Vitco Inc. < http:// www. vitco. com/ home/ products. htm>. August 3, 2005.

93. History. Vollrath. 2004. < http:// www. vollrathco. com/ profile_ history. jsp>. July 28, 2005.

94. Company Profile. W. C. Wood Company. 2005. < http:// www4. wcwood. com/ webinfo. nsf/ pages/ C7990A5EEFC663D085256BC60048640 3? OpenDocument>. August 3, 2005.

95. Company Overview. Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corporation. 2003. < http:// www. wheelingcorrugating. com/ overview. htm>. July 28, 2005.

96. Facilities and Products. Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corporation. < http:// www. wpsc. com/ frame_ plants2. html>. August 3, 2005.

97. Waste* Less* News August 1998 v9i2 Page 2. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. < http:// www. dnr. state. wi. us/ org/ caer/ cea/ publications/ wln/ 1998/ v9i2p2. htm>. August 3, 2005.

98. Products. Wise Alloys L. L. C. 2002. < http:// www. wisealloys. com/ 2a. html>. July 28, 2005.