The results are grouped into two types of tables. Tables F 3 ( risk level 10 5) and F 5 ( risk level 10 6) organize the results by building at each site. It shows whether or not a building has a correct negative, correct positive, false negative, or false positive result. An important note regarding Tables F 3 and F 5 is the difference between buildings that are not applicable for vapor intrusion analysis (" NA" is added to the results of these buildings) and buildings with wet basements. Buildings that are not applicable are those where the depth from the bottom of the foundation ( whether it be a basement or slab ongrade to groundwater contamination is less than 1.5 meters ( 5 feet). This is one of the precluding factors listed in the guidance. We still included results for these buildings, but marked their results with an " NA" to indicate that they would be excluded from this analysis according to protocols set forth in the guidance. The false negative, false positive, correct negative, and correct positive results for non NA buildings are summed at the bottom of each table.

The second set of results presents outcomes by chemical at each site. Tables F 4 ( risk level 10 5) and F 6 ( risk level 10 6) show the number of false positive and false negative outcomes for each chemical at each site. They do not indicate whether the false results occur in just one or two buildings at the site, or evenly across all buildings. It is important to note that the numbers in these tables are counts of samples, not of buildings. Therefore, it is possible to have a false negative result for a chemical at a particular site, but each building at that site can have correct positive results based on the outcomes for other chemicals. It is also important to note that results for those samples that are considered not applicable ( NA) according to the criteria discussed in the guidance are not included in this table.

Tables F 3 and F 5 show that the evaluation approach used in this guidance yields no false negatives with respect to sites or buildings at either the 10 5 or 10 6 cancer risk level. Tables F 4 and F 6 show that for most chemicals either no or few false negatives are obtained, with the exception of tetrachloroethene and 1,2 dichloroethane. These two chemicals show a number of false negatives, especially at the 10 6 cancer risk level. It is important to note, however, that both of these chemicals are typically found as background contaminants, which may account for some of the false negatives. Several of the chemical specific false negative results shown in Tables F 4 and F 6 also appear to F 6 result from limiting the ground water target concentration to the MCL if the calculated target concentration would be less than the MCL.

Table F 1. Background indoor air concentrations for selected volatile organic compounds. All concentrations expressed in ug/ m3.

Shah and Singh ( 1988): ES& T, Vl. 22, No. 12, pp. 1381 1388, 1988 Samfield ( 1992): EPA 600 R 92 025, 1992. Brown et al. ( 1994): Indoor Air, 4: 123 134, 1994. NOPES ( 1990): EPA/ 600/ 3 90/ 003, January 1990. Sheldon ( 1992): California Air Resources Board, Final Report, January 1992. MADEP ( September 1998): From: Background Documentation for the Development of MCP Numerical Stds" April 1994, Table 4.2, except 1,1 dichloroethene ( EPA TEAM study) and methylene chloride ( Stolwijk, JAJ, 1990) EPA IAQ Reference Manual ( July 1991): Results from Wallace ( 1987), except toluene: Seifert & Abraham ( 1982). Foster et al., ( 2002): Foster, S. J, J. P. Kurtz, and A. K. Woodland, Background indoor air risks at selected residences in Denver, Colorado, 2002. F 7 Table F 2. Evaluation criteria for the reliability assessment.

IASL < C( IA) CORRECT NEGATIVE GWSL < C( GW)

IASL < C( IA) FALSE POSITIVE GWSL > C( GW) IASL > C( IA) FALSE NEGATIVE GWSL < C( GW) IASL > C( IA) CORRECT POSITIVE GWSL > C( GW) Condition Vapor Intrusion Screening Level Relationship Measurement F 8 Table F 3 False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Groundwater Concentrations to Target Levels, by Building at Each Site R= 1x10 5 Site Name Address Vapor Intrusion Q41 Vapor Intrusion Q52 Compound( s) Responsible for False Result 3 Alliant NA( CP) NA( CP) Eau Claire Residence F NA( CP) WB Residence K NA( CP) WB Residence S NA( CP) WB Hamilton Sunstrand 6800 Fern Dr. CP CP 6800 Osage St. CP CP 6800 Ruth Way CP CP 6801 Avrum Dr. CP CP 6801 Fern Dr. CP CP 6810 Jordan Dr. CP CP 6811 Ruth Way CP CP 6820 Fern Dr. CP CP 6821 Mariposa St. CP CP 6821 Pecos CP CP 6831 Navajo St. CP CP 6831 Zuni St. CP CP 6840 Mariposa CP CP LAFB UA02 CP CP UA03 CP CP UA04 CP CP UA05 CP CP UA18 CP CP UA19 CP CP UA21 CP CP UA22 CP CP UA23 CP CP UA24 CP CP UA25 CP CP UA26 CP CP UA28 FP FP Trichloroethylene MADEP 0907 A Hull NA( CP) WB 0907 B Hull NA( CP) WB 1019 Lynnf NA( FP) NA( FP) Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene 11707 Quincy NA( CP) NA( CP) 12092 B Marble CP CP Benzene 1525 A Marble NA( CP) NA( CP) 1525 B Marble NA( CP) NA( CP) 2797 A Tewks NA( FP) NA( FP) Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene 2797 B Tewks NA( FP) NA( FP) Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene Mountain View Residence 1 CP CP Residence 2 CP CP Residence 3 CP CP Residence 4 CP CP Residence 6 CP CP Residence 7 CP CP Residence 8 CP CP Uncasville Residence A NA( CP) NA( CP) Residence B NA( CP) NA( CP) Residence D NA( CN) NA( CN) Residence E NA( CP) NA( CP) Key: CP= Correct Positive; CN = Correct Negative FP= False Positive; FN= False Negative NA= Not applicable due to precluding factor depth from foundation to groundwater contamination is less than 1.5 m. WB= Wet Basement. This condition precludes the use of Figure 3 ( for Q5). Notes: 1 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 2. 2 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 3. The appropriate attenuation factor in this 3 When false positive or false negative outcomes resulted with both Q4 and Q5, the same compounds were responsible for the false outcome in each scenario. F 9 Table F 3 ( continued) Summary Table False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Groundwater Concentrations to Target Levels, by Building at Each Site R= 1x10 5 Q4 Q5 Number Percent Number Percent Total CP and CN 33 97.1% 33 97.1% Total FP 1 2.9% 1 2.9% Total FN 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Total NA and WB 16 47.1% 11 32.4% Total Number of Buildings 34 34 Key:

CP= Correct Positive; CN = Correct Negative FP= False Positive; FN= False Negative NA= Not applicable due to precluding factor depth from foundation to groundwater contamination is less than 1.5 m. WB= Wet Basement. This condition precludes the use of Figure 3 ( for Q5). Notes:

1 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 2. 2 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 3. The appropriate attenuation factor in this analysis was obtained from Figure 3. 3 When false positive or false negative outcomes resulted with both Q4 and Q5, the same compounds were responsible for the false outcome in each scenario. F 10 Table F 4 Frequency of False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Ground Water Concentrations to Target Levels, by Chemical1 Risk = 1x10 5 Location Benzene 1,1 Dichloroethane 1,2 Dichloroethane 1,1 Dichloroethylene cis 1,2 Dichloroethylene2 trans 1,2 Dichloroethylene2 Ethyl Benzene*

Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN VI Q4 3 Alliant       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0

LAFB    13 0 0 13 0 1 13 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0

Uncasville

Hamilton Sunstrand          13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 0                1 0 0 Mountain View

Total 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 1 26 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 1 0 0 VI Q5 4 Alliant       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0

LAFB    13 0 0 13 0 1 13 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0

Uncasville

Hamilton Sunstrand          13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 0                1 0 0 Mountain View

Total 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 1 26 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 1 0 0 F 11 Table F 4 ( continued)

Frequency of False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Ground Water Concentrations to Target Levels, by Chemical1 Risk = 1x10 5 Location Tetrachloroethylene* Toluene 1,1,1 Trichloroethane 1,1,2 Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene* Vinyl chloride* Xylene2 Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN VI Q4 3 Alliant 0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0 0 0 0

LAFB 13 0 4    13 0 0 13 0 0 13 1 0 9 0 0

Uncasville 0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0

Hamilton Sunstrand             13 0 0

MADEP    1 0 0       0 0 0    1 0 0 Mountain View             7 0 0

Total 13 0 4 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 33 1 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 VI Q5 4 Alliant 0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0 0 0 0

LAFB 13 0 4    13 0 0 13 0 0 13 1 0 9 0 0

Uncasville 0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0

Hamilton Sunstrand             13 0 0

MADEP    1 0 0       0 0 0    1 0 0 Mountain View             7 0 0

Total 13 0 4 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 33 1 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 Key:

FP= False Positive; FN= False Negative Notes:

1 For each chemical we indicate the total number of samples at each site for each chemical and the number of samples with False Positive or False Negative results at that site across all buildings. "" means the chemical was not found at any building at that site.

2 Toxicity values from oral studies were used to develop screening levels for this chemical.

3 Site data was compared to indoor air and ground water screening values in Table 2.

4 Site data was compared to indoor air and ground water screening values in Table 3.

* Ground water target concentration for this compound is based on the Maximum Contaminant Level ( MCL) in drinking water. F 12 Table F 5 False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Groundwater Concentrations to Target Levels, by Building at Each Site R= 1x10 6 Site Name Address Vapor Intrusion Q41 Vapor Intrusion Q52 J& E Site Specific 3 Compound( s) Responsible for False Result 4 Alliant NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) Residence F NA( CP) WB WB Residence K NA( CP) WB WB Eau Claire Residence S NA( CP) WB WB 6800 Fern Dr. CP CP CP 6800 Osage St. CP CP CP 6800 Ruth Way CP CP CP 6801 Avrum Dr. CP CP CP 6801 Fern Dr. CP CP CP 6810 Jordan Dr. CP CP CP 6811 Ruth Way CP CP CP 6820 Fern Dr. CP CP CP 6821 Mariposa St. CP CP CP 6821 Pecos CP CP CP 6831 Navajo St. CP CP CP 6831 Zuni St. CP CP CP Hamilton Sunstrand 6840 Mariposa CP CP CP UA02 CP CP CP UA03 CP CP CP UA04 CP CP CP UA05 CP CP CP UA18 CP CP CP UA19 CP CP CP UA21 CP CP CP UA22 CP CP CP UA23 CP CP CP UA24 CP CP CP UA25 CP CP CP UA26 CP CP CP LAFB UA28 CP CP CP 0907 A Hull NA( CP) WB WB 0907 B Hull NA( CP) WB WB 1019 Lynnf NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) 11707 Quincy NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) 12092 B Marble CP CP CP 1525 A Marble NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( FN) Trichloroethylene 1525 B Marble NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( FN) Trichloroethylene 2797 A Tewks NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) MADEP 2797 B Tewks NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) Residence 1 CP CP CP Residence 2 CP CP CP Residence 3 CP CP CP Residence 4 CP CP CP Residence 6 CP CP CP Residence 7 CP CP CP Mountain View Residence 8 CP CP CP Residence A NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) Residence B NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) Residence D NA( FN) NA( FN) NA( FN) Tetrachloroethylene Uncasville Residence E NA( CP) NA( CP) NA( CP) Key: CP= Correct Positive; CN = Correct Negative FP= False Positive; FN= False Negative NA= Not applicable due to precluding factor depth from foundation to groundwater contamination is less than 1.5 m. WB= Wet Basement. This condition precludes the use of Figure 3 ( for Q5) and the use of the Johnson and Ettinger Model. Notes: 1 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 2. 2 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 3. The appropriate attentuation factor in this analysis was obtained from Figure 3. 3 Site specific soil type, depth to groundwater, and building foundation type were used in the Johnson and Ettinger ( J& E) model. 4 When false positive or false negative outcomes resulted with both Q4 and Q5, the same compounds were responsible for the false outcome in each scenario. F 13 Table F 5 ( continued) Summary Table False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Groundwater Concentrations to Target Levels, by Building at Each Site R= 1x10 6 Q4 Q5 J& E Site Specific Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total CP and CN 34 100.0% 34 100.0% 34 100.0% Total FP 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Total FN 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Total NA and WB 16  16  16  Total Number of Buildings 34 34 34 Key: CP= Correct Positive; CN = Correct Negative FP= False Positive; FN= False Negative NA= Not applicable due to precluding factor depth from foundation to groundwater contamination is less than 1.5 m. WB= Wet Basement. This condition precludes the use of Figure 3 ( for Q5) and the use of the Johnson and Ettinger Model. Notes: 1 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 2. 2 Site data was compared to indoor air and groundwater screening values in Table 3. The appropriate attentuation factor in this analysis was obtained from Figure 3. 3 Site specific soil type, depth to groundwater, and building foundation type were used in the Johnson and Ettinger ( J& E) model. 4 When false positive or false negative outcomes resulted with both Q4 and Q5, the same compounds were responsible for the false outcome in each scenario. F 14 Table F 6 Frequency of False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Ground Water Concentrations to Target Levels, by Chemical1 Risk = 1x10 6 Location Benzene* 1,1 Dichloroethane 1,2 Dichloroethane* 1,1 Dichloroethylene cis 1,2 Dichloroethylene 2 trans 1,2 Dichloroethylene 2 Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Alliant       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0

LAFB    13 0 0 13 0 13 13 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 Uncasville

Hamilton Sunstrand          13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 0

Mountain View

VI Q4 3 Total 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 13 26 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 Alliant       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0

LAFB    13 0 0 13 0 13 13 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 Uncasville

Hamilton Sunstrand          13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 0

Mountain View

VI Q5 4 Total 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 13 26 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 Alliant       0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire             0 0 0

LAFB    13 0 0 13 0 13 13 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 Uncasville

Hamilton Sunstrand          13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 0

Mountain View

JE Site Specific 5 Total 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 13 26 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 0 F 15 Table F 6 ( continued)

Frequency of False Negative and False Positive Indoor Air Predictions Based on Comparison of Ground Water Concentrations to Target Levels, by Chemical 1 Risk = 1x10 6 Location Ethylbenzene* Tetrachloroethylene* Toluene 1,1,1 Trichloroethane 1,1,2 Trichloroethane* Trichloroethylene* Vinyl chloride* Xylene 2 Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Samples FP FN Alliant    0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire                0 0 0 0 0 0

LAFB    13  13    13 0 0 13 0 1 13 0 0 9 0 1

Uncasville    0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0

Hamilton

S t d                13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 1    1 0 0       0 0 0    1 0 0 Mountain View                7 0 0

VI Q4 3 Total 1 0 1 13 0 13 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 1 33 0 0 9 0 1 1 0 0 Alliant    0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire                0 0 0 0 0 0

LAFB    13  13    13 0 0 13 0 1 13 0 0 9 0 1

Uncasville    0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0

Hamilton

S t d                13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 1    1 0 0       0 0 0    1 0 1 Mountain View                7 0 0

VI Q5 4 Total 1 0 1 13 0 13 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 1 33 0 0 9 0 1 1 0 0 Alliant    0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0 0 0 0

Eau Claire                0 0 0 0 0 0

LAFB    13  13    13 0 0 13 0 1 13 0 0 9 0 1

Uncasville    0 0 0    0 0 0    0 0 0

Hamilton

S t d                13 0 0

MADEP 1 0 0    1 0 0       0 0 0    1 0 0 Mountain View                7 0 0

JE Site Specific 5 Total 1 0 0 13 0 13 1 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 1 33 0 0 9 0 1 1 0 0 Key:

FP= False Positive; FN= False Negative Notes:

1 For each chemical we indicate the total number of samples at each site for each chemical and the number of samples with False Positive or False Negative results at that site across all buildings. "" means the chemical was not found at any building at that site.

2 Toxicity values extrapolated from oral studies were used to develop screening levels for this chemical.

3 Site data was compared to indoor air and ground water screening values in Table 2.

4 Site data was compared to indoor air and ground water screening values in Table 3.

5 Site specific soil type, depth to groundwater, and building foundation type were used in the J& E model.

* Ground water target concentration for this compound is based on the Maximum Contaminant Level ( MCL) in drinking water. Figure F 1. Schematic Diagram of Empirical Database Structure and Element F 16 Relationships for LAFB Saturday, May 18, 2002 1 Site Info Site MDLs 2 Bldg Const 6 FA Data 4 IA Data 7 OA Data 5 GW Data 3 Bldg Samp Chem Acronyms ID Site Name State Source Media Vert DTS Min ( m)

Vert DTS Max ( m)

Soil Description SCS Type Reference Site Name COC Acronym IA MDL ( ug/ m3)

OA MDL ( ug/ m3)

FA MDL ( ug/ m3)

GW MDL ( ug/ L)

SG MDL ( ug/ m3)

SB MDL ( ug/ kg)

Site Name Address Bldg Use Bldg Type Found Type Site Name Address COC Acronym FA ( ug/ m3)

FA Stat FA n FA n > DL Site Name Address COC Acronym IA ( ug/ m3)

IA Stat IA n IA n > DL Site Name Address COC Acronym OA ( ug/ m3)

OA Stat OA n OA n > DL Site Name GW Well ID COC Acronym GW ( ug/ L)

GW Stat GW n GW n > DL Site Name Address IA Location IA Date First IA Date Last IA Sample Method IA Sample Time OA Location OA Date First OA Date Last OA Sample Method OA Sample Time FA Location FA Date First FA Date Last FA Sample Method FA Sample Time GW Well ID GW Horiz Dist ( m) COC Acronym Chemical Name Chemical Class F 17 Measured Attenuation Factors Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Cumulative % Attenuation Factor > MDL Figure F 2. Distribution of groundwater to indoor air attenuation factors for all residences in the empirical database with indoor air and groundwater measurements above their respective method detection limits ( MDLs).

Measured Attenuation Factors Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Cumulative % Attenuation Factor > MDL > IA Background Figure F 3. Distribution of groundwater to indoor air attenuation factors for residences with concentrations above MDLs and above typical background levels. F 18 Lowry Air Force Base Attenuation Factors 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Cumulative % Attenuation Factor Subslab / Indoor Air Figure F 4. Distribution of subslab to indoor air attenuation factors for residences for the subset of residences with indoor concentrations greater than the subslab concentrations measured below the residence's foundation. Subslab data were available for only one site   the Lowry Air Force Base in Colorado.

Measured Attenuation Factors Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Cumulative % Attenuation Factor > IA Background, CHC only > IA Background, BTEX only Figure F 5. Comparison of groundwater to indoor air attenuation factors for BTEX and chlorinated hydrocarbons ( CHC). G 1 APPENDIX G CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE USE OF THE JOHNSON AND ETTINGER VAPOR INTRUSION MODEL 1. Introduction At sites where soils or groundwater contain volatile or semi volatile chemicals of concern, there is the potential for chemical vapors to migrate from the subsurface into indoor air spaces. Assessment of this potential indoor inhalation exposure pathway requires an understanding of the processes influencing vapor transport in the vadose zone and into buildings.

Johnson and Ettinger ( 1991) introduced a screening level model for estimating the transport of contaminant vapors from a subsurface source into indoor air spaces. The model is a onedimensional analytical solution to diffusive and convective transport of vapors formulated as an attenuation factor that relates the vapor concentration in the indoor space to the vapor concentration at the source. To facilitate use of the Johnson Ettinger Model ( JEM), EPA in 1997 developed spreadsheet versions of the model that calculate indoor air concentrations and associated health risks. A total of six spreadsheets were developed: a first tier and a more advanced version for each potential vapor source   groundwater, bulk soil, and soil gas. The spreadsheets were later updated in 2000 and 2002. The current spreadsheets may be downloaded from the web site:

http:// www. epa. gov/ superfund/ programs/ risk/ airmodel/ johnson_ ettinger. htm This appendix addresses the assumptions and limitations that we recommend be considered when the Johnson and Ettinger model as implemented by EPA is employed in the evaluation of the vapor intrusion pathway. This appendix also provides guidance for the model's use both as a first tier screening level tool to identify sites needing further assessment and as a site specific tool to estimate indoor air impacts resulting from vapor intrusion.

2. Assumptions and Limitations of the Johnson and Ettinger Model The Johnson Ettinger Model ( JEM) was developed for use as a screening level model and, consequently, is based on a number of simplifying assumptions regarding contaminant distribution and occurrence, subsurface characteristics, transport mechanisms, and building construction. The assumptions of the JEM as implemented in EPA's spreadsheet version are listed in Table G 1 along with the implications of and limitations posed by the assumptions. Also provided in the table is an assessment of the likelihood that the assumptions can be verified through field evaluation. The JEM assumptions are typical of most simplified models of subsurface contaminant transport with the addition of a few assumptions regarding vapor flux into buildings. G 2 The JEM as implemented by EPA assumes the subsurface is characterized by homogeneous soil layers with isotropic properties. The first tier spreadsheet versions accommodate only one layer; the advanced spreadsheet versions accommodate up to three layers. Sources of contaminants that can be modeled include dissolved, sorbed, or vapor sources where the concentrations are below the aqueous solubility limit, the soil saturation concentration, and/ or the pure component vapor concentration. The contaminants are assumed to be homogeneously distributed at the source. All but one of the spreadsheets assumes an infinite source. The exception is the advanced model for a bulk soil source, which allows for a finite source. For the groundwater and bulk soil models, the vapor concentration at the source is calculated assuming equilibrium partitioning. Vapor from the source is assumed to diffuse directly upward ( one dimensional transport) through uncontaminated soil ( including an uncontaminated capillary fringe if groundwater is the vapor source) to the base of a building foundation, where convection carries the vapor through cracks and openings in the foundation into the building. Both diffusive and convective transport processes are assumed to be at steady state. Neither sorption nor biodegradation is accounted for in the transport of vapor from source to the base of the building.

The assumptions described above and in Table G 1 suggest a number of conditions that under most scenarios would preclude the application of the JE model as implemented by EPA. These include:

  The presence or suspected presence of residual or free product nonaqueous phase liquids ( LNAPL, DNAPL, fuels, solvents, etc) in the subsurface.

  The presence of heterogeneous geologic materials ( other than the three layers in the advanced spreadsheets) between the vapor source and building. The JE model does not apply to geologic materials that are fractured, contain macropores or other preferential pathways, or are composed of karst.

  Sites where significant lateral flow of vapors occurs. These can include geologic layers that deflect contaminants from a strictly upward motion and buried pipelines or conduits that form preferential paths. Permeability contrasts between layers greater than 1000 times also are likely to cause lateral flow of vapors. The model assumes the source of contaminants is directly below the potential receptors.

  Very shallow groundwater where the building foundation is wetted by the groundwater.

  Very small building air exchange rates ( e. g., < 0.25/ hr)

  Buildings with crawlspace structures or other significant openings to the subsurface ( e. g., earthen floors, stone buildings, etc.). The EPA spreadsheet only accommodates either slab on grade or basement construction.

  Contaminated groundwater sites with large fluctuations in the water table elevation. In these cases, the capillary fringe is likely to be contaminated, whereas in the groundwater source spreadsheets, the capillary fringe is assumed to be uncontaminated.

  Sites with transient ( time varying) flow rates and/ or concentrations and for which a steady state assumption is not conservative. G 3 In theory, the above limitations are readily conceptualized, but in practice the presence of these limiting conditions may be difficult to verify even when extensive site characterization data are available. Conditions that are particularly difficult to verify in the field include the presence of residual NAPLs in the unsaturated zone and the presence and influence of macropores, fractures and other preferential pathways in the subsurface. Additionally, in the initial stages of evaluation, especially at the screening level, information about building construction and water table fluctuations may not be available. Even the conceptually simple assumptions ( e. g., onedimensional flow, lack of preferential pathways) may be difficult to assess when there are limited site data available.

3. Guidance for Application of the JEM as a First Tier Screening Level Tool Use of the JEM as a first tier screening tool to identify sites needing further assessment necessitates careful evaluation of the assumptions listed in the previous section to determine whether any conditions exist that would render the JEM inappropriate for the site. If the model is deemed applicable at the site, we recommend that care be taken to ensure reasonably conservative and self consistent model parameters are used as input to the model. Considering the limited site data typically available in preliminary site assessments, the JEM can be expected to predict only whether or not a risk based exposure level will be exceeded at the site. Precise prediction of concentration levels is not possible with this approach.

The suggested minimum site characterization information for a first tier evaluation of the vapor intrusion pathway includes: site conceptual model, nature and extent of contamination distribution, soil lithologic descriptions, groundwater concentrations and/ or possibly near source soil vapor concentrations. The number of samples and measurements needed to establish this information varies by site, and it is not possible to provide a hard and fast rule. We do not recommend use of bulk soil concentrations unless appropriately preserved during sampling.

Based on the conceptual site model, the user can select the appropriate spreadsheet corresponding to the vapor source at the site and determine whether to use the screening level spreadsheet ( which accommodates only one soil type above the capillary fringe) or the more advanced version ( which allows up to three layers above the capillary fringe). As most of the inputs to the JEM are not collected during a typical site characterization, conservative inputs are typically estimated or inferred from available data and other non site specific sources of information.

The uncertainty in determining key model parameters and sensitivity of the JEM to those key model parameters is qualitatively described in Table G 2. As shown in the table, buildingrelated parameters with moderate to high uncertainty and model sensitivity include: Qsoil, building crack ratio, building air exchange rate, and building mixing height. Building related parameters with low uncertainty and sensitivity include: foundation area, depth to base of foundation, and foundation slab thickness. Of the soil dependent properties, the soil moisture parameters clearly are of critical importance for the attenuation value calculations.

A list of generally reasonable conservative model input parameters for building related parameters is provided in Table G 3, which also provides the practical range, typical or mean G 4 value ( if applicable), and most conservative value for these parameters. For building parameters with low uncertainty and sensitivity, only a single " fixed" value corresponding to the mean or typical value is provided in Table G 3. Soil dependent properties are provided in Table G 4 for soils classified according to the US SCS system. If site soils are not classified according to the US SCS, Table G 5 can be used to assist in selecting an appropriate SCS soil type corresponding to the available site lithologic information. Note that the selection of the soil texture class should be biased towards the coarsest soil type of significance, as determined by the site characterization program.

The recommended values provided in Tables G 3 and G 4 were used in the advanced versions of the JEM spreadsheet to develop the graphs of attenuation factors provided in Question 5 of this draft guidance. These input parameters were developed considering soil physics science, available studies of building characteristics, and expert opinion. Consequently, the input parameters listed in Tables G 3 and G 4 are considered default parameters for a first tier assessment, which should in most cases provide a reasonably ( but not overly) conservative estimate of the vapor intrusion attenuation factor for a site. Justification for the building related and soil dependent parameter values selected as default values for the JEM is described below.

3.1. Justification of Default Soil Dependent Properties The default soil dependent parameters recommended for a first tier assessment ( Table G 4) represent mean or typical values, rather than the most conservative value, in order to avoid overly conservative estimates of attenuation factors. Note, however, that the range of values for some soil properties can be very large, particularly in the case of moisture content and hydraulic conductivity. Consequently, selecting a soil type and corresponding typical soil property value may not accurately or conservatively represent a given site. Also, Table G 4 does not provide estimates of soil properties for very coarse soil types, such as gravel, gravelly sand, and sandy gravel, etc, which also may be present in the vadose zone. Consequently, in cases where the vadose zone is characterized by very coarse materials, the JEM may not provide a conservative estimate of attenuation factor.

As discussed above, the JEM is sensitive to the value of soil moisture content. Unfortunately, there is little information available on measured moisture contents below buildings; therefore, the typical approach is to use a water retention model ( e. g., van Genuchten model) to approximate moisture contents. For the unsaturated zone, the selected default value for soil moisture is a value equal to half way between the residual saturation value and field capacity, using the van Genuchten model predicted values for U. S. SCS soil types. For the capillary transition zone, a moisture content corresponding to the air entry pressure head is calculated using the van Genuchten model. When compared to other available water retention models, the van Genuchten model yields somewhat lower water contents, which results in more conservative estimates of attenuation factor. However, the soil moisture contents listed in Table G 4 are based on agricultural samples, which are likely to have higher water contents than soils below building foundations and, consequently, result in less conservative estimates of attenuation factor. G 5 3.2. Justification of Default Building Related Properties Building Air Exchange Rate ( Default Value = 0.25 hr 1)

Results from 22 studies for which building air exchange data are available are summarized in Hers et al. ( 2001). There is a wide variation in ventilation rates ranging from about 0.1 air exchanges per hour ( AEH) for energy efficient " air tight" houses ( built in cold climates) ( Fellin and Otson, 1996) to over 2 AEH ( AHRAE ( 1985); upper range). In general, ventilation rates will be higher in summer months when natural ventilation rates are highest. One of the most comprehensive studies of U. S. residential air exchange rates ( sample size of 2844 houses) was conducted by Murray and Burmaster ( 1995). The data set was analyzed on a seasonal basis, and according to climatic region. When all the data was analyzed, the 10th, 50th and 90th percentile values were 0.21, 0.51 and 1.48 AEH. Air exchange rates varied depending on season and climatic region. For example, for the winter season and coldest climatic area ( Region 1, Great Lakes area and extreme northeast US), the 10th, 50th and 90th percentile values were 0.11, 0.27 and 0.71 AEH. In contrast, for the winter season and warmest climatic area ( Region 4, southern CA, TX, Florida, Georgia), the 10th, 50th and 90th percentile values were 0.24, 0.48 and 1.13 AEH. While building air exchange rates would be higher during the summer months, vapor intrusion during winter months ( when house depressurization is expected to be most significant) would be of greatest concern. For this draft guidance, a default value of 0.25 for air exchange rate was selected to represent the lower end of these distributions.

Crack Width and Crack Ratio ( Default Value = 0.0002 for basement house; = 0.0038 for slabon grade house)

The crack width and crack ratio are related. Assuming a square house and that the only crack is a continuous edge crack between the foundation slab and wall (" perimeter crack"), the crack ratio and crack width are related as follows:

( ) Area Foundation ubsurface Area Foundation ubsurface h Crack Widt 4 Ratio Crack S S =

Crack Ratio = Crack Width x 4 x ( Subsurface Foundation Area)^ 0.5/ Subsurface Foundation Area There is little information available on crack width or crack ratio. One approach used by radon researchers is to back calculate crack ratios using a model for soil gas flow through cracks and the results of measured soil gas flow rates into a building. For example, the back calculated values for a slab/ wall edge crack based on soil gas entry rates reported in Nazaroff ( 1992), Revzan et al. ( 1991) and Nazaroff et al. ( 1985) range from about 0.0001 to 0.001. Another possible approach is to measure crack openings although this, in practice, is difficult to do. Figley and Snodgrass ( 1992) present data from ten houses where edge crack measurements were made. At the eight houses where cracks were observed, the cracks widths ranged from hairline G 6 cracks up to 5 mm wide, while the total crack length per house ranged from 2.5 m to 17.3 m. Most crack widths were less than 1 mm. The suggested defaults for crack ratio in regulatory guidance, literature and models also vary. In ASTM E1739 95, a default crack ratio of 0.01 is used. The crack ratios suggested in the VOLASOIL model ( developed by the Dutch Ministry of Environment) range from 0.0001 to 0.000001. The VOLASOIL model values correspond to values for a " good" and " bad" foundation, respectively. The crack ratio used by Johnson and Ettinger ( 1991) for illustrative purposes ranged from 0.001 to 0.01. The selected default values fall within the ranges observed.

Building Area and Subsurface Foundation Area ( Default Value = 10 m by 10 m)

The default building area is based on the following information:   default values used in the Superfund User's Guide ( 9.61 m by 9.61 m or 92.4 m2), and   default values used by the State of Michigan, as documented in Part 201, Generic Groundwater and Soil Volatilization to Indoor Air Inhalation Criteria: Technical Support Document ( 10.5 m by 10.5 m of 111.5 m2).

The Michigan guidance document indicates that the 111.5 m2 area approximately corresponds to the 10th percentile floor space area for residential single family dwellings, based on statistics compiled by the U. S. DOC and U. S. HUD. The typical, upper and lower ranges presented in Table G 3 are subjectively chosen values. The subsurface foundation area is a function of the building area, and depth to the base of the foundation, which is fixed.

Building Mixing Height ( Default Value = 2.44 m for slab on grade scenario; = 3.66 m for basement scenario)

The JEM assumes that subsurface volatiles migrating into the building are completely mixed within the building volume, which is determined by the building area and mixing height. The building mixing height will depend on a number of factors including the building height, the heating, ventilation and air conditioning ( HVAC) system operation, environmental factors such as indoor outdoor pressure differentials and wind loading, and seasonal factors. For a singlestory house, the variation in mixing height can be approximated by the room height. For a multistory house or apartment building, the mixing height will be greatest for houses with HVAC systems that result in significant air circulation ( e. g., forced air heating systems). Mixing heights would likely be less for houses with electrical baseboard heaters. It is likely that mixing height is, to some degree, correlated to the building air exchange rate.

There are little data available that provide for direct inference of mixing height. There are few sites, with a small number of houses where indoor air concentrations were above background, and where both measurements at ground level and the second floor were made ( CDOT, Redfields, Eau Claire). Persons familiar with the data sets for these sites indicate that in most cases a fairly significant reduction in concentrations ( factor of two or greater) was observed, G 7 although at one site ( Eau Claire, " S" residence), the indoor TCE concentrations were similar in both the basement and second floor of the house. For the CDOT site apartments, there was an approximate five fold reduction between the concentrations measured for the first floor and second floor units ( Mr. Jeff Kurtz, EMSI, personal communication, June 2002). Less mixing would be expected for an apartment since there are less cross floor connections than for a house. The value chosen for a basement house scenario ( 3.66 m) would be representative of a two fold reduction or attenuation in vapor concentrations between floors.

Qsoil ( Default Value = 5 L/ min)

The method often used with the JEM for estimating the soil gas advection rate ( Qsoil) through the building envelope is an analytical solution for two dimensional soil gas flow to a small horizontal drain ( Nazaroff 1992) (" Perimeter Crack Model"). Use of this model can be problematic in that Qsoil values are sensitive to soil air permeability and consequently a wide range in flows can be predicted.

An alternate empirical approach is to select a Qsoil value on the basis of tracer tests ( i. e., mass balance approach). When soil gas advection is the primary mechanism for tracer intrusion into a building, we recommend the Qsoil be estimated by measuring the concentrations of a chemical tracer in indoor air, outdoor air and in soil vapor below a building, and measuring the building ventilation rate ( Hers et al. 2000a; Fischer et al. 1996; Garbesi et al. 1993; Rezvan et al. 1991; Garbesi and Sextro, 1989). The Qsoil values measured using this technique are compared to predicted rates using the Perimeter Crack model, for sites with coarse grained soils. The Perimeter Crack model predictions are both higher and lower than the measured values, but overall are within one order of magnitude of the measured values. Although the Qsoil predicted by models and measured using field tracer tests are uncertain, the results suggest that a " typical" range for houses on coarse grained soils is on the order of 1 to 10 L/ min. A disadvantage with the tracer test approach is that there are only limited data, and there do not appear to be any tracer studies for field sites with fine grained soils.

It is also important to recognize that the advective zone of influence for soil gas flow is limited to soil immediately adjacent to the building foundation. There is some data on pressure coupling that provides insight on the extent of the advective flow zone. For example, Garbesi et al. ( 1993) report a pressure coupling between soil and experimental basement ( i. e., relative to that between the basement and atmosphere) equal to 96 % directly below the slab, between 29 % and 44 % at 1 m below the basement floor slab, and between 0.7 % and 27 % at a horizontal distance of 2 m from the basement wall. At the Chatterton site in Canada, the pressure coupling immediately below the building floor slab ranged from 90 % to 95 % and at a depth of 0.5 m was on the order of 50 %. These results indicate that the advective zone of influence will likely be limited to a zone within 1 m to 2 m of the building foundation.

Since the advective flow zone is relatively limited in extent, the soil type adjacent to the building foundation is of importance. In many cases, coarse grained imported fill is placed below foundations, and either coarse grained fill, or disturbed, loose fill is placed adjacent to the G 8 foundation walls. Therefore, a conservative approach for the purposes of this draft guidance is to assume that soil gas flow will be controlled by coarse grained soil, and not to rely on the possible reduction in flow that would be caused by fine grained soils near the house foundation. For these reasons, a soil gas flow rate of 5 L/ min ( midpoint between 1 and 10 L/ min) was chosen as the input value.

4. Guidance for Application of JEM as a Site Specific Tool We generally recommend use of the JE model as a site specific tool only where the site conceptual model matches the restrictive assumptions. When these assumptions cannot be met, we recommend that other models or direct measurement be substituted, because there is no a priori scientific reason to believe that the model is adequate to represent complex site conditions. If the JE model is deemed applicable to the site, critical model parameters from site data are needed. We recommend that site specific information include soil moisture, soil permeability, building ventilation rate, and subslab as well as deep vapor concentrations.

In order to ensure the model can reproduce observed field observations, we recommend the model output be compared with measured concentrations, fluxes and/ or other model outputs. Calibration has been developed as a process for minimizing the differences between model results and field observations. Through model calibration a parameter set is selected that causes the model to best fit the observed data. When done properly, this process establishes that the conceptualization and input parameters are appropriate for the site. Because of the number of parameters to be identified, calibration is known to produce non unique results. This is particularly the case in heterogeneous environments where every parameter of the model can vary from point to point. Confidence in the model, however, is increased by using the calibrated model to predict the response to some additional concentration or flux data ( i. e., that were not previously used in calibration). At each step in this process, additional site investigation data improve knowledge of the behavior of the system.

From a regulatory standpoint, the JE model when used as a site specific tool typically should be calibrated to predict within an order of magnitude the indoor air concentrations resulting from intrusion of vapors from the subsurface. Consequently, prior to its use, we recommend an evaluation of the critical input parameters be performed. If the uncertainty in the critical parameters cannot be reduced to yield an order of magnitude estimate of indoor air concentrations, it may not be practical to perform the modeling. G 9 5. References American Society for Testing and Materials ( ASTM). 1995. Standard Guide for Risk Based Corrective Action Applied at Petroleum Release Sites. E 1739 95.

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, ASHRAE Handbook 1985 Fundamentals, chap. 22, Atlanta, GA.

Fellin, P. and R. Otson. 1996. The Effectiveness of Selected Materials in Moderation of Indoor VOC Levels, In Volatile Organic Compounds in the Environment, ASTM STP 1261, W. Wang, J. Schnoor, and J. Doi, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, 1996, pp. 135 146.

Figley, D. A., Snodgrass, L. J. June 21 26, 1992. " Comparative Foundation Air Leakage Performance of Ten Residential Concrete Basements", Proceedings of the 85th Annual Meeting of Air and Waste Management Association.

Fischer, M. L., Bentley, A. J., Dunkin, K. A., Hodgson, A. T., Nazaroff, W. W., Sextro, R. G., Daisey, J. M. 1996. Factors Affecting Indoor Air Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds at a Site of Subsurface Gasoline Contamination. Environ. Sci. Technol. 30 ( 10), 2948 2957.

Garbesi, K., Sextro, R. G., Fisk, W. J., Modera, M. P., Revzan, K. L. 1993. Soil Gas Entry into an Experimental Basement: Model Measurement Comparisons and Seasonal Effects. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27( 3), 466 473.

Garbesi, K. and Sextro, R. G. 1989. Modeling and Field Evidence of Pressure Driven Entry of Soil Gas into a House through Permeable Below Grade Walls. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23( 12), 1481 1487.

Hers, I., Evans, D, Zapf Gilje, R. and Li, L. 2002. Comparison, Validation and Use of Models for Predicting Indoor Air Quality from Soil and Groundwater Contamination. J. Soil and Sediment Contamination, 11 ( 4), 491 527.

Hers, I., R. Zapf Gilje, L. Li, L. and J. Atwater. 2001. The use of indoor air measurements to evaluate exposure and risk from subsurface VOCs. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 51: 174 185.

Johnson, P. C. and R. Ettinger 1991. " Heuristic Model for Predicting the Intrusion Rate of Contaminant Vapours into Buildings" Environmental Science and Technology, 25 # 8, 1445 1452. G 10 Murray, D. M.; Burmaster, D. E. Residential air exchange rates in the United States: empirical and estimated parametric distributions by season and climatic region. Risk Anal. 1995, 15, 459 465.

Nazaroff, W. W. May 1992. " Radon Transport from Soil to Air", Review of Geophysics, 30 # 2, 137 160.

Nazaroff, W. W., Feustel, H., Nero, A. V., Revzan, K. L., Grimsrud, D. T., Essling, M. A., Toohey, R. E. 1985. " Radon Transport into a Detached One Story House with a Basement" Atmospheric Environment, 19( 1) 31 46.

Revzan, K. L., Fisk, W. J., Gadgil, A. J. 1991. " Modelling Radon Entry into Houses with Basements: Model Description and Verification" Indoor Air, 2, 173 189. G 11 Table G 1. Assumptions and Limitations of the Johnson and Ettinger Vapor Intrusion Model Assumption Implication Field Evaluation Contaminant No contaminant free liquid/ precipitate phase present JEM not representative of NAPL partitioning from source NAPL presence   easier to evaluate for floating product or soil contamination sites. Most DNAPL sites with DNAPL below the water table defy easy characterization. Contaminant is homogeneously distributed within the zone of contamination No contaminant sources or sinks in the building. Indoor sources of contaminants and/ or sorption of vapors on materials may confound interpretation of results. Survey building for sources, assessment of sinks unlikely Equilibrium partitioning at contaminant source. Groundwater flow rates are low enough so that there are no mass transfer limitations at the source. Not likely Chemical or biological transformations are not significant ( model will predict more intrusion) Tendency to overpredict vapor intrusion for degradable compounds From literature Subsurface Characteristics Soil is homogeneous within any horizontal plane Stratigraphy can be described by horizontal layers ( not tilted layers) Observe pattern of layers and unconformities. Note: In simplified JEM layering is not considered All soil properties in any horizontal plane are homogeneous The top of the capillary fringe must be below the bottom of the building floor in contact with the soil. EPA version of JE Model assumes the capillary fringe is uncontaminated. Transport Mechanisms One dimensional transport Source is directly below building, stratigraphy does not influence flow direction, no effect of two or threedimensional flow patterns. Observe location of source, observe stratigraphy, pipeline conduits, not likely to assess two and threedimensional pattern.

Two separate flow zones, one diffusive one convective. No diffusion ( disperson) in the convective flow zone. Plug flow in convective zone Not likely Vapor phase diffusion is the dominant mechanism for transporting contaminant vapors from contaminant sources located away from the foundation to the soil region near the foundation Neglects atmospheric pressure variation effects, others? Not likely G 12 Straight line gradient in diffusive flow zone. Inaccuracy in flux estimate at match point between diffusive and convective sections of the model. Not likely Diffusion through soil moisture will be insignificant ( except for compounds with very low Henry's Law Constant Transport through air phase only. Good for volatiles. Only low volatility compounds would fail this and they are probably not the compounds of concern for vapor intrusion From literature value of Henry's Law Constant.

Convective transport is likely to be most significant in the region very close to a basement, or a foundation, and vapor velocities decrease rapidly with increasing distance from a structure Not likely Vapor flow described by Darcy's law Porous media flow assumption. Observations of fractured rock, fractured clay, karst, macropores, preferential flow channels. Steady State convection Flow not affected by barometric pressure, infiltration, etc. Not likely Uniform convective flow near the foundation Flow rate does not vary by location Not likely Uniform convective velocity through crack or porous medium No variation within cracks and openings and constant pressure field between interior spaces and the soil surface Not likely Significant convective transport only occurs in the vapor phase Movement of soil water not included in vapor impact Not likely All contaminant vapors originating from directly below the basement will enter the basement, unless the floor and walls are perfect vapor barriers. ( Makes model over est. vapors as none can flow around the building) Model does not allow vapors to flow around the structure and not enter the building Not likely Contaminant vapors enter structures primarily through cracks and openings in the walls and foundation Flow through the wall and foundation material itself neglected Observe numbers of cracks and openings. Assessment of contribution from construction materials themselves not likely G 13 Table G 2. Uncertainty and Sensitivity of Key Parameters for the Johnson & Ettinger Model.

Parameter Parameter Sensitivity Uncertainty Shallower Contami Deeper Contami Shallower Contami Deeper Contamior Variability nation Building nation Building nation Building nation Building Input Parameter Variability Underpressurized Underpressurized Not Underpressurized Not Underpressurized Total Porosity Low Low Low Low Low Unsaturated Zone Water filled Porosity Moderate to High Low to Moderate Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Capillary Transition Zone Water filled Porosity Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Capillary Transition Zone Height Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Moderate to High Soil Bulk Density Low Low Low Low Low Qsoil High Moderate to High Low to Moderate N/ A N/ A Soil air permeability High Moderate to High Low to Moderate N/ A N/ A Building Depressurization Moderate Moderate Low to Moderate N/ A N/ A Henry's Law Constant ( for single chemical) Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Free Air Diffusion Coefficient ( single chemical) Low Low Low Low Low Building Air Exchange Rate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Building Mixing Height Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Subsurface Foundation Area Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Low to Moderate Depth to Base of Foundation Low Low Low Low Low Building Crack Ratio High Low Low Moderate to High Low to Moderate Crack Moisture Content High Low Low Moderate to High Low to Moderate Building Foundation Slab Thickness Low Low Low Low Low Table G 3. Building Related Parameters for the Johnson & Ettinger Model  First Tier Assessment.

Typical or Conservative Input Parameter Units Mean Value Range Value Modeled Total Porosity cm3/ cm3 *************** Specific to soil texture, see Table G 4 ************************* Unsaturated Zone Water filled Porosity cm3/ cm3 *************** Specific to soil texture, see Table G 4 ************************* Capillary Transition Zone Water filled Porosity cm3/ cm3 *************** Specific to soil texture, see Table G 4 ************************* Capillary Transition Zone Height cm3/ cm3 *************** Specific to soil texture, see Table G 4 ************************* Qsoil1 L/ min 5 1 10 10 5 Soil air permeability m2 *************** Specific to soil texture, see Table G 4 ************************* Building Depressurization Pa 4 0 15 15 N/ A Henry's Law Constant ( for single chemical)  *********************** Specific to chemical ************************************* Free Air Diffusion Coefficient ( single chemical)  *********************** Specific to chemical ************************************* Building Air Exchange Rate hr 1 0.5 0.1 1.5 0.1 0.25 Building Mixing Height  Basement scenario m 3.66 2.44 4.88 2.44 3.66 Building Mixing Height  Slab on grade scenario m 2.44 2.13 3.05 2.13 2.44 Building Footprint Area  Basement Scenario m2 120 80 200+ 80 100 Building Footprint Area  Slab on Grade Scenario m2 120 80 200+ 80 100 Subsurface Foundation Area  Basement Scenario m2 208 152 313+ 152 180 Subsurface Foundation Area  Slab on Grade Scenario m2 127 85 208+ 85 106 Depth to Base of Foundation  Basement Scenario m 2 N/ A N/ A 2 Depth to Base of Foundation  Slab on Grade Scenario m 0.15 N/ A N/ A 0.15 Perimeter Crack Width mm 1 0.5 5 5 1 Building Crack Ratio  Slab on Grade Scenario dimensionless 0.00038 0.00019 0.0019 0.0019 0.00038 Building Crack Ratio  Basement Scenario dimensionless 0.0002 0.0001 0.001 0.001 0.00020 Crack Dust Water Filled Porosity cm3/ cm3 Dry N/ A N/ A Dry Building Foundation Slab Thickness m 0.1 N/ A N/ A 0.1 1 The values given for Qsoil are representative of sand, but are recommended for other soil types as well because coarse grained soil or disturbed fine grained soil often is found below and adjacent to foundations. G 14 Table G 4. Soil Dependent Properties for the Johnson & Ettinger Model  First Tier Assessment.

Unsaturated Zone Capillary Transition Zone U. S. Soil Saturated Saturated Conservation Water Residual Water Filled Porosity Water  w, cap Height Service ( SCS) Content Water Mean or Typical Content Cap Cap Zone Soil Texture Total Porosity Content ( FC1/ 3bar+  r)/ 2 Range Conservative Modeled Total Porosity @ air entry Fetter ( 94)  s ( cm3/ cm3)  r ( cm3/ cm3)  w, unsat ( cm3/ cm3)  w, unsat ( cm3/ cm3)  w, unsat ( cm3/ cm3)  w, unsat ( cm3/ cm3)  s ( cm3/ cm3) ( cm)

Clay 0.459 0.098 0.215 0.098 0.33 0.098 0.215 0.459 0.412 81.5 Clay Loam 0.442 0.079 0.168 0.079 0.26 0.079 0.168 0.442 0.375 46.9 Loam 0.399 0.061 0.148 0.061 0.24 0.061 0.148 0.399 0.332 37.5 Loamy Sand 0.39 0.049 0.076 0.049 0.1 0.049 0.076 0.39 0.303 18.8 Silt 0.489 0.05 0.167 0.05 0.28 0.050 0.167 0.489 0.382 163.0 Silt Loam 0.439 0.065 0.180 0.065 0.3 0.065 0.180 0.439 0.349 68.2 Silty Clay 0.481 0.111 0.216 0.11 0.32 0.111 0.216 0.481 0.424 192.0 Silty Clay Loam 0.482 0.09 0.198 0.09 0.31 0.090 0.198 0.482 0.399 133.9 Sand 0.375 0.053 0.054 0.053 0.055 0.053 0.054 0.375 0.253 17.0 Sandy Clay 0.385 0.117 0.197 0.117 0.28 0.117 0.197 0.385 0.355 30.0 Sandy Clay Loam 0.384 0.063 0.146 0.063 0.23 0.063 0.146 0.384 0.333 25.9 Sandy Loam 0.387 0.039 0.103 0.039 0.17 0.039 0.103 0.387 0.320 25.0 Loamy Sand 0.39 0.049 0.076 0.049 0.1 0.049 0.076 0.39 0.303 18.8 Table G 5. Guidance for Selection of US SCS Soil Type Based on Site Lithologic Information.

If your boring log indicates that the following materials are the predominant soil types   Then use the following texture classification when obtaining the attenuation factor.

Sand or Gravel or Sand and Gravel, with less than about 12 % fines, where " fines" are smaller than 0.075 mm in size. Sand Sand or Silty Sand, with about 12 % to 25 % fines Loamy Sand Silty Sand, with about 25 % to 50 % fines Sandy Loam Silt and Sand or Silty Sand or Clayey, Silty Sand or Sandy Silt or Clayey with about 50 to 85 % fines Loam H   -   1 A P P E N D I X     H C O M M U N I T Y   I N V O L V E M E N T   G U I D A N C E R E C O M M E N D A T I O N   F O R   W H A T   T O   D O   I F   Y O U   H A V E   A   N E I G H B O R H O O D N E E D I N G   I N D O O R   A I R   S A M P L I N G     D U E   T O     S U B S U R F A C E     V A P O R     I N T R U S I O N A s   i n   a n y   e f f o r t   t h a t   s t r i v e s   f o r   g o o d   c o m m u n i t y   i n v o l v e m e n t ,   t h e s e   f i v e   k e y   p r i n c i p l e s   a r e i m p o r t a n t   c o n s i d e r a t i o n s : • B e   p r o a c t i v e   i n   e n g a g i n g   t h e   c o m m u n i t y .     • L i s t e n   c a r e f u l l y   t o   w h a t   c o m m u n i t y   m e m b e r s   a r e   s a y i n g .   • T a k e   t h e   t i m e   n e e d e d   t o   d e a l   w i t h   c o m m u n i t y   c o n c e r n s .   • C h a n g e   p l a n s   w h e r e   c o m m u n i t y   s u g g e s t i o n s   h a v e   m e r i t .   • E x p l a i n   t o   t h e   c o m m u n i t y   w h a t   i s   b e i n g   d o n e ,   b y   w h o m   a n d   w h y .     T h e   f o l l o w i n g   p r o v i d e s   a n   o u t l i n e   o f   r e c o m m e n d e d   p u b l i c   p a r t i c i p a t i o n   a c t i v i t i e s   t h a t   a r e c o n s i s t e n t   w i t h   E P A ’ s   1 9 9 6   R C R A   P u b l i c   P a r t i c i p a t i o n   M a n u a l   ( E P A   5 3 0 - R - 9 6 - 0 0 7 S )   O S W S e p t e m b e r   1 9 9 6 ( U R L   =   h t t p : / / w w w . e p a . g o v / e p a o s w e r / h a z w a s t e / p e r m i t / p u b p a r t / m a n u a l . h t m )   a n d   t h e   S u p e r f u n d C o m m u n i t y   I n v o l v e m e n t   H a n d b o o k   (   E P A   5 4 0 - K - 0 1 - 0 0 3 )   O E R R   A p r i l   2 0 0 2   (   U R L   = h t t p : / / w w w . e p a . g o v / s u p e r f u n d / t o o l s / c a g / c i _ h a n d b o o k . p d f   )   c o n s i d e r e d   a p p r o p r i a t e   f o r a d d r e s s i n g   v a p o r   i n t r u s i o n   c o n c e r n s .     T h e s e   a c t i v i t i e s   m a y   o c c u r   c o n c u r r e n t l y   o r   s e q u e n t i a l l y . 1 . G e t   t o   k n o w   t h e   n e i g h b o r h o o d ,   k e y   s t a k e h o l d e r s   a n d   t h e   c o n c e r n s   o f   t h e   c o m m u n i t y • D e m o g r a p h i c s • E l e c t e d   o f f i c i a l s   ( C o n g r e s s i o n a l ,   l o c a l ,   a n d   s t a t e ) • H o m e o w n e r s   a s s o c i a t i o n   ( H O A )   b o a r d • L o c a l   s c h o o l   d i s t r i c t   o f f i c i a l s ,   p r i n c i p a l s ,   e t c . • L o c a l   c h u r c h   l e a d e r s • R e s i d e n t s   • L a n g u a g e s   -     E n g l i s h - s p e a k i n g   o r   n o t ;   w i l l   t r a n s l a t i o n   c a p a b i l i t y   b e   n e e d e d ?   • M e d i a   (   a l t h o u g h   t y p i c a l l y   t h e   m e d i a   w i l l   s e e k   y o u   o u t ;   a t   l e a s t   s o m e   s e n s e   o f t h e i r   i n t e r e s t   c a n   b e   u s e f u l .   P r e s s   s t a t e m e n t s   a r e   u s u a l l y   r e s e r v e d   f o r   a n n o u n c i n g m a j o r   m i l e s t o n e s   o r   f o r   p a r t i c u l a r l y   h o t   b u t t o n   i s s u e s . ) • L o c a l   h e a l t h   d e p a r t m e n t ( s ) • L o c a l   o r   n e i g h b o r i n g   b u s i n e s s e s • C o n d u c t   b r i e f i n g s   w i t h   m o s t   k e y   s t a k e h o l d e r s   ( f a c e - t o - f a c e   m e e t i n g s   p r e f e r r e d , b u t   n o t   a l w a y s   p o s s i b l e )             • C o n d u c t   c o m m u n i t y   i n t e r v i e w s   ( d e t e r m i n e   s o m e   n u m b e r   t o   c o n d u c t )   • C o n s i d e r   o t h e r   p o s s i b i l i t i e s   t o   l i s t e n   t o   c o m m u n i t y   m e m b e r s ’   c o n c e r n s   e . g . h o t l i n e ,   p u b l i c   a v a i l a b i l i t y   s e s s i o n s H   -   2 . 2 . E s t a b l i s h   a   m a i l i n g   l i s t   o f   a l l   i n t e r e s t e d   p a r t i e s I n   e s t a b l i s h i n g   a   m a i l i n g   l i s t ,   i t   i s   i m p o r t a n t   t o   c l a r i f y   t h a t   a n y b o d y   c a n   s i g n   u p   a n d   t h a t n o   c o s t   i s   i n v o l v e d . 3 .     I n f o r m   s t a k e h o l d e r s   o f   t h e   s i t u a t i o n P a r t   o f   i n f o r m i n g   a n d   e d u c a t i n g   t h e   c o m m u n i t y   i s   t h e   d i s t r i b u t i o n   o f   i n f o r m a t i o n .     E a s y t o   u n d e r s t a n d   a n d   t e c h n i c a l l y   a c c u r a t e   f l y e r s   d e s c r i b i n g   t h e   h i s t o r y   o f   t h e   s p i l l   o r c o n t a m i n a t i o n ,   t h e   c h e m i c a l s   o f   c o n c e r n ,   t h e   p o t e n t i a l   r i s k s   t h a t   m a y   b e   p o s e d ,   a n d   w h o t o   c o n t a c t   f o r   m o r e   i n f o r m a t i o n   a r e   u s u a l l y   w e l l   r e c e i v e d   b y   t h e   c o m m u n i t y .     A n t i c i p a t e t h a t   p e o p l e   w i l l   w a n t   i n f o r m a t i o n   a n d     b e   r e a d y   t o   g i v e   i t   t o   t h e m .     C o n s i d e r   u s e   o f   w e b p a g e s   a n d   e s t a b l i s h i n g   a   k n o w l e d g e a b l e   p e r s o n   a s   a   c o n t a c t   t o   c a l l   f o r   a c c u r a t e i n f o r m a t i o n .                                 • S e n d   a   l e t t e r / n e w s l e t t e r   e x p l a i n i n g   t h e   s i t u a t i o n   a n d   t h e   n e e d   f o r   i n d o o r   a i r s a m p l i n g   a n d   i n v i t e   t h e m   t o   a n   o p e n   h o u s e / i n f o r m a t i o n a l   m e e t i n g • H o l d   a n   o p e n   h o u s e / i n f o r m a t i o n a l   m e e t i n g   t o   e x p l a i n : -   e n v i r o n m e n t a l   c o n d i t i o n s   a t   t h e   s i t e ;   -     h e a l t h   i m p a c t s ;   -     i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g ;     -     w h a t   l e v e l   o f   r e m e d i a t i o n   i s   n e e d e d ;   a n d     -   t h e   t y p e ( s ) o f   r e m e d i a t i o n     ( h a v e   p i c t u r e s   o f   v e n t i l a t i o n   s y s t e m s ) ( N o t e :   w e   r e c o m m e n d   h a v i n g   t o x i c o l o g i s t s ,   h e a l t h   p r o f e s s i o n a l s ,   o r   o t h e r   k n o w l e d g e a b l e i n d i v i d u a l s   a v a i l a b l e   f o r   t h i s   m e e t i n g ) • D e v o t e   o n e   b o o t h   t o   e x p l a i n i n g   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g ,   i n c l u d e   a   S U M M A   c a n n i s t e r • D e v o t e   o n e   b o o t h   a t   t h e   o p e n   h o u s e / i n f o r m a t i o n a l   m e e t i n g   t o   o b t a i n i n g p e r m i s s i o n   t o   c o n d u c t   t h e   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g • C o n d u c t   a n   e x i t   p o l l   o f   p e o p l e   a s   t h e y   l e a v e   t h e   o p e n   h o u s e   t o   d e t e r m i n e   t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s   o f   t h e   m e e t i n g   a n d   w h e t h e r   i t   m e t   t h e i r   n e e d s   N o t e :       i n c l u d e   m a n y   v i s u a l s / m a p s   i n   t h i s   m e e t i n g 4 . D e v e l o p   a   c o m m u n i t y   i n v o l v e m e n t / p u b l i c   p a r t i c i p a t i o n   p l a n     -   W e   r e c o m m e n d   t h e   p l a n   h i g h l i g h t   k e y   c o m m u n i t y   c o n c e r n s ,   e s t a b l i s h   g o a l s   a n d   o b j e c t i v e s ,   a n d   i d e n t i f y   a c o m m i t m e n t   t o   o n g o i n g   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s   a c t i v i t i e s .     A t   R C R A   s i t e s ,   a   c o m m u n i t y i n v o l v e m e n t   p l a n   t h a t   i s   a   c o m p o n e n t   o f   a   R C R A   3 0 0 8 ( h )   o r d e r   s p e c i f y i n g i m p l e m e n t a t i o n   o f   a   r e m e d y   i s   e n f o r c e a b l e . H   -   3 5 . I m p l e m e n t   t h e   P u b l i c   P a r t i c i p a t i o n   P l a n • E s t a b l i s h   a n   i n f o r m a t i o n   r e p o s i t o r y ;   c o n s i d e r   u s i n g   w e b   p a g e s • E s t a b l i s h   k n o w l e d g e a b l e   p e r s o n s   w h o   c a n   p r o v i d e   a c c u r a t e   i n f o r m a t i o n   a s   k e y p o i n t s   o f   c o n t a c t • E s t a b l i s h   a   h o t l i n e   t h a t   i n c l u d e s   a   r e c o r d e d   m e s s a g e   o f   k e y   a c t i v i t i e s   f o r   t h e   w e e k o r   d e t e r m i n e d   p e r i o d   o f   t i m e   a n d   a l l o w s   c a l l e r   t o   l e a v e   m e s s a g e / a s k   q u e s t i o n s , a n d   b e   s u r e   t o   c a l l   t h e m   b a c k • E s t a b l i s h   a   m a i l i n g   l i s t   o f   a l l   i n t e r e s t e d   p a r t i e s • P r e p a r e   p e r i o d i c   s t a t u s   u p d a t e s / n e w s l e t t e r s • O t h e r   i t e m s   a s   n e e d e d F o r   a r e a s   t a r g e t e d   f o r   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g : • C o n t a c t   i n d i v i d u a l s   v i a   p h o n e   a n d   m a i l   a n d   s e e k   w r i t t e n   p e r m i s s i o n   t o   s a m p l e • I f   n o   r e s p o n s e ,   t h e n   s e n d   a   c e r t i f i e d   l e t t e r   • I f   s t i l l   n o   r e s p o n s e ,   d o c u m e n t   t h a t   r e s i d e n t   w a s   c o n t a c t e d   b u t   d i d   n o t   g i v e p e r m i s s i o n   t o   s a m p l e • I f   a t   a l l   p o s s i b l e ,   t r y   t o   v i s i t   h o m e s   n o t   r e s p o n d i n g   a n d   t a l k   d i r e c t l y   w i t h o c c u p a n t s 6 . C o n d u c t   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g • S c h e d u l e   a p p o i n t m e n t s   t o   1 )   c o n d u c t   a n   i n s p e c t i o n   o f   t h e   r e s i d e n c e ,   c o m p l e t e   a n o c c u p a n t   s u r v e y   t o   a d e q u a t e l y   i d e n t i f y   t h e   p r e s e n c e   o f   ( o r   o c c u p a n t   a c t i v i t i e s   t h a t c o u l d   g e n e r a t e )   a n y   p o s s i b l e   i n d o o r   a i r   e m i s s i o n s   o f   t a r g e t   V O C s   i n   t h e   d w e l l i n g , 2 )   r e m o v e   p o s s i b l e   s o u r c e s ,   a n d   3 )   c o n d u c t   r e s i d e n t i a l   s a m p l i n g • B e   p r o m p t   o n   t h e   d a y   s c h e d u l e d   f o r   s a m p l i n g   • S e n d   s o m e o n e   e x t r e m e l y   k n o w l e d g e a b l e   a n d   a r t i c u l a t e   a b o u t   t h e   i n d o o r   a i r s a m p l i n g   t o   a c c o m p a n y   t e c h n i c a l   f o l k s   w h o   d o   t h e   s a m p l i n g ;   i f   n e c e s s a r y ,   i n c l u d e a   t r a n s l a t o r 7 . C o m m u n i c a t e   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g   r e s u l t s • S e n d   l e t t e r s   t o   r e s i d e n t s   w i t h   t h e i r   i n d i v i d u a l   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g   r e s u l t s • F o l l o w - u p   w i t h   a   p h o n e   c a l l   t o   e x p l a i n   r e s u l t s • H o l d   a n   o p e n   h o u s e / i n f o r m a t i o n a l   m e e t i n g   t o   s h a r e   s a m p l i n g   r e s u l t s   a n d   a n s w e r a n y   q u e s t i o n s N o t e :   i n c l u d e   m a p   o f   a r e a   s a m p l e d   a n d   i n d i c a t e   t h e   l e v e l s   f o u n d 8 . C o n t i n u a l l y   e v a l u a t e   w h a t   c o m m u n i c a t i o n   a c t i v i t i e s   a r e   n e e d e d   t o   o p t i m i z e   p u b l i c p a r t i c i p a t i o n   a n d   c o m m u n i t y   i n v o l v e m e n t   H   -   4 A d d i t i o n a l   T o o l s   -     t o     i n c r e a s e     e f f e c t i v e n e s s     o f     i n v o l v e m e n t     w i t h   c o m m u n i t y r e s i d e n t s T h e   f o l l o w i n g   a r e   e x a m p l e s   o f     p r e - s a m p l i n g   i n t e r v i e w   f o r m s   t h a t   m a y   b e   a d a p t e d   b y   o t h e r s   f o r s i t e   s p e c i f i c   u s e   t o   f a c i l i t a t e   i n t e r a c t i o n / i n v o l v e m e n t   w i t h   b u i l d i n g / d w e l l i n g   o c c u p a n t s   p r i o r   t o i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g :     O c c u p i e d   D w e l l i n g   Q u e s t i o n n a i r e   d e v e l o p e d   b y   t h e   O E R R     E m e r g e n c y   R e s p o n s e   T e a m ( b e l o w ) .       M a s s a c h u s e t t s   D e p a r t m e n t   o f   E n v i r o n m e n t a l   P r o t e c t i o n   -   I n d o o r   A i r   S a m p l i n g   G u i d e   (   A p r i l   2 0 0 2   )   A p p e n d i x   2   o f   t h i s   d o c u m e n t   p r o v i d e s   a n   I n d o o r   A i r   Q u a l i t y   B u i l d i n g S u r v e y   f o r m   a n d   a   s e t   o f   I n s t r u c t i o n s   f o r   R e s i d e n t s   o f   H o m e s   t o   B e   S a m p l e d .     T h e s e   c a n b e   f o u n d   a t :     h t t p : / / w w w . s t a t e . m a . u s / d e p / b w s c / f i n a l p o l . h t m H  5 OCCUPIED DWELLING QUESTIONNAIRE Indoor Air Assessment Survey Date: _______________

1. Name:__________________________________________________________________

Address:________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

Home Phone:_______________________ Work Phone:__________________________

2. What is the best time to call to speak with you?________ At: Work ë or Home ë?

3. Are you the Owner ë, Renter ë, Other ë ( please specify)_________________________ of this Home/ Structure?

4. Total number of occupants/ persons at this location?___________ Number of children? _______ Ages?_________

5. How long have you lived at this location? ___________

General Home Description 6. Type of Home/ Structure ( check only one): Single Family Home ë, Duplex ë, Condominiumë, Townhouse ë, Other ë______________________

7. Home/ Structure Description: number of floors ________ Basement? Yes ë No ë Crawl Space? Yes ë No ë If Yes, under how much of the house's area? ____%

8. Age of Home/ Structure: ________ years, Not sure/ Unknown ë 9. General Above Ground Home/ Structure construction ( check all that apply): Wood ë, Brick ë, Concrete ë, Cement block ë, Other ë_____________

10. Foundation Construction ( check all that apply): Concrete slab ë Fieldstone ë Concrete block ë H  6 Elevated above ground/ grade ë Other_____________________________ 11. What is the source of your drinking water ( check all that apply)? Public water supply ë Private well ë Bottled water ë Other, please specify ________________________________

12. Do you have a private well for purposes other than drinking? Yes ë No ë If yes, please describe what you use the well for:___________________________ __________________________________________________________________

13. Do you have a septic system? Yes ë No ë Not used ë Unknown ë 14. Do you have standing water outside your home ( pond, ditch, swale)? Yes ë No ë Basement Description, please check appropriate boxes. If you do not have a basement go to question 23.

15. Is the basement finished ë or unfinished ë? 16. If finished, how many rooms are in the basement?__________ How many are used for more than 2 hours/ day?__________ 17. Is the basement floor ( check all that apply) concrete ë, tile ë, carpeted ë, dirt ë, otherë( describe)_________________________? 18. Are the basement walls poured concrete ë, cement block ë, stone ë, wood ë, brick ë, otherë__________________________________________________________? 19. Does the basement have a moisture problem ( check one only)? Yes, frequently ( 3 or more times/ yr) ë Yes, occasionally ( 1 2 times/ yr) ë Yes, rarely ( less than 1 time/ yr) ë No ë 20. Does the basement ever flood ( check one only)? Yes, frequently ( 3 or more times/ yr) ë Yes, occasionally ( 1 2 times/ yr) ë Yes, rarely ( less than 1 time/ yr) ë No ë 21. Does the basement have any of the following? ( check all that apply) Floor cracks ë, Wall cracks ë, Sump ë, Floor drain ë, Other hole/ opening in floor ë ( describe)_______ H  7 22. Are any of the following used or stored in the basement ( check all that apply) Paint ë Paint stripper/ remover ë Paint thinner ë Metal degreaser/ cleaner ë Gasoline ë Diesel fuel ë Solvents ë Glue ë Laundry spot removers ë Drain cleaners ë Pesticides ë 23. Have you recently ( within the last six months) done any painting or remodeling in your home? Yes ë No ë If yes, please specify what was done, where in the home, and what month: ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

24. Have you installed new carpeting in your home within the last year? Yes ë No ë If yes, when and where?____________________________________________________

25. Do you regularly use or work in a dry cleaning service ( check only one box)? Yes, use dry cleaning regularly ( at least weekly) ë Yes, use dry cleaning infrequently ( monthly or less) ë Yes, work at a dry cleaning service ë No ë 26. Does anyone in your home use solvents at work? Yes ë If yes, how many persons__________ No ë If no, go to question 28 27. If yes for question 26 above, are the work clothes washed at home? Yes ë No ë 28. Where is the washer/ dryer located? Basement ë Upstairs utility room ë Kitchen ë Garage ë Use a Laundromat ë Other, please specify ë____________________________________

29. If you have a dryer, is it vented to the outdoors? Yes ë No ë 30. What type( s) of home heating do you have ( check all that apply) Fuel type: Gas ë, Oil ë, Electric ë, Wood ë, Coal ë, Other______________________ Heat conveyance system: Forced hot air ë Forced hot water ë Steam ë Radiant floor heat ë Wood stove ë Coal furnace ë Fireplace ë Other_________________________ H  8 31. Do you have air conditioning? Yes ë No ë. If yes, please check the appropriate type( s) Central air conditioning ë Window air conditioning unit( s) ë Other ë, please specify_____________________________________ 32. Do you use any of the following? Room fans ë, Ceiling fans ë, Attic fan ë Do you ventilate using the fan only mode of your central air conditioning or forced air heating system? Yes ë No ë 33. Has your home had termite or other pesticide treatment: Yes ë No ë Unknown ë If yes, please specify type of pest controlled, ___________________________________ and approximate date of service _____________________________________________

34. Water Heater Type: Gas ë, Electric ë, By furnace ë, Other ë_____________________ Water heater location: Basement ë, Upstairs utility room ë, Garage ë, Other ë ( please describe) ________________________________________________________________

35. What type of cooking appliance do you have? Electric ë, Gas ë, Other ë____________

36. Is there a stove exhaust hood present? Yes ë No ë Does it vent to the outdoors? Yes ë No ë 37. Smoking in Home: None ë, Rare ( only guests) ë, Moderate ( residents light smokers) ë, Heavy ( at least one heavy smoker in household) ë 38. If yes to above, what do they smoke? Cigarettes ë Cigars ë Pipe ë Other ë 39. Do you regularly use air fresheners? Yes ë No ë 40. Does anyone in the home have indoor home hobbies of crafts involving: None ë Heating ë, soldering ë, welding ë, model glues ë, paint ë, spray paint, wood finishing ë, Other ë Please specify what type of hobby: _______________________ ___________________________________________________________________

41. General family/ home use of consumer products ( please circle appropriate): Assume that Never = never used, Hardly ever = less than once/ month, Occasionally = about once/ month, Regularly = about once/ week, and Often = more than once/ week.

Product Frequency of Use Spray on deodorant Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often H  9 Aerosol deodorizers Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often Insecticides Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often Disinfectants Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often ( Question 41, continued) Product Frequency of Use Window cleaners Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often Spray on oven cleaners Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often Nail polish remover Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often Hair sprays Never Hardly ever Occasionally Regularly Often 42. Please check weekly household cleaning practices: Dusting ë Dry sweeping ë Vacuuming ë Polishing ( furniture, etc) ë Washing/ waxing floors ë Other ë_______________________

43. Other comments: _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ I   -   1 A P P E N D I X     I C O N S I D E R A T I O N   O F   B A C K G R O U N D   I N D O O R   A I R   V O C   L E V E L S   I N E V A L U A T I N G   T H E   S U B S U R F A C E   V A P O R   I N T R U S I O N   P A T H W A Y 1 . G e n e r a l W e   r e c o m m e n d   t h a t   t h e   p r e s e n c e   o f   b a c k g r o u n d   i n d o o r   a i r   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   V O C s   a t   a   s i t e   b e c a r e f u l l y   c o n s i d e r e d   i n   e v a l u a t i n g   t h e   v a p o r   i n t r u s i o n   t o   i n d o o r   a i r   p a t h w a y   a t   t h e   s i t e .     T h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   V O C s   d e t e c t e d   i n   i n d o o r   a i r   m a y   o r i g i n a t e   f r o m   t h e   s u b s u r f a c e   c o n t a m i n a t i o n a n d / o r   t h e y   m a y   r e p r e s e n t   t y p i c a l   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   V O C s   i n   t h a t   b u i l d i n g   f r o m   o t h e r   s o u r c e s .   C o n s e q u e n t l y ,   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g   r e s u l t s   m a y   b e   d i f f i c u l t   t o   i n t e r p r e t   w h e n   b a c k g r o u n d c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   t h e   s a m e   V O C s   e m i t t e d   f r o m   o t h e r   s o u r c e s   a r e   p r e s e n t ,   i f   e f f o r t s   a r e   n o t   m a d e t o   i d e n t i f y   a n d   q u a n t i f y   t h e   b a c k g r o u n d   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s . P r i o r   t o   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g ,   i t   i s   g e n e r a l l y   i m p o r t a n t   t o   c o n d u c t   a n   i n s p e c t i o n   o f   t h e   r e s i d e n c e a n d   a n   o c c u p a n t   s u r v e y   t o   a d e q u a t e l y   i d e n t i f y   t h e   p r e s e n c e   o f   ( o r   o c c u p a n t   a c t i v i t i e s   t h a t   c o u l d g e n e r a t e )   a n y   p o s s i b l e   i n d o o r   a i r   e m i s s i o n   s o u r c e s   o f   t a r g e t   v o l a t i l e   o r g a n i c   c h e m i c a l s   ( V O C s ) i n   t h e   d w e l l i n g   ( s e e   A p p e n d i x   H ) .     F o r   e x a m p l e ,   s o u r c e s   o f   i n d o o r   c o n t a m i n a n t s   t y p i c a l l y   f o u n d i n   t h e   h o m e   i n c l u d e   c o n s u m e r   p r o d u c t s   ( e . g . ,   c l e a n e r s ,   p a i n t s ,   a n d   g l u e s ) ,   o c c u p a n t   a c t i v i t i e s ( e . g . ,   c r a f t   h o b b i e s ,   s m o k i n g ) ,   a n d   s o m e   c o n s t r u c t i o n   m a t e r i a l s .     V O C s   i n   a m b i e n t   ( o u t d o o r )   a i r m a y   a l s o   c o n t r i b u t e   t o   i n d o o r   a i r   b a c k g r o u n d   l e v e l s ,   t h o u g h   t y p i c a l l y   t h e   m a i n   s o u r c e s   o f b a c k g r o u n d   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   V O C s   i n   i n d o o r   a i r   b a c k g r o u n d   a r i s e   f r o m   i n d o o r   a c t i v i t i e s   o r p r o d u c t s   u s e d   i n d o o r s .     A n y   o f   t h e s e   s o u r c e s   m a y   r e s u l t   i n   r e l a t i v e l y   h i g h   b a c k g r o u n d   i n d o o r   a i r c o n c e n t r a t i o n s . I t   i s   a l s o   i m p o r t a n t   t o   r e c o g n i z e   t h a t   t y p i c a l l y   t h e r e   i s   h i g h   v a r i a b i l i t y   i n   b a c k g r o u n d   i n d o o r   a i r V O C   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   b o t h   w i t h i n   a n d   b e t w e e n   b u i l d i n g s ,   s o   t h a t   s m a l l   n u m b e r s   o f   b a c k g r o u n d s a m p l e s   t y p i c a l l y   a v a i l a b l e   s h o u l d   b e   c a r e f u l l y   i n t e r p r e t e d .     I f   t h e r e   i s   m o r e   t h a n   o n e   p o t e n t i a l c o n s t i t u e n t   o f   c o n c e r n ,   w e   r e c o m m e n d   t h a t   t h e   r a t i o s   o f   p o t e n t i a l   c o n s t i t u e n t s   b e   u s e d   t o d i s t i n g u i s h   s u b s u r f a c e - d e r i v e d   V O C s   f r o m   t h o s e   c o n t r i b u t e d   b y   o t h e r   n o n - s u b s u r f a c e - r e l a t e d s o u r c e s   ( i . e ,     i n d o o r   a i r   a n d / o r   a m b i e n t   ( o u t d o o r )   a i r   e m i s s i o n   s o u r c e s ) .     C o l l e c t i n g   p a i r e d s a m p l e s   ( s p a t i a l l y   a n d   t e m p o r a l l y )   o f   b o t h   i n d o o r   a i r   a n d   s o i l   v a p o r   d a t a   m a y   a l s o   a s s i s t   w i t h e s t a b l i s h i n g   t h e   c o n s t i t u e n t s   o f   c o n c e r n .     C o m p a r a t i v e   r e v i e w   o f   V O C s   a i r   s a m p l i n g   r e s u l t s   t a k e n   i n   v a r i o u s   p a r t s   o f   a   b u i l d i n g   m a y   r e v e a l c o n t a m i n a n t   c o n c e n t r a t i o n   g r a d i e n t s   o r   h o t   s p o t s   a m o n g   t h e   v a r i o u s   f l o o r s   o r   r o o m s   i n   t h e b u i l d i n g .     S u c h   g r a d i e n t s   o r   h o t   s p o t s   s h o w n   i n   u p p e r   f l o o r s   m a y   i n d i c a t e   t h e   i n d o o r   a i r   V O C l e v e l s   o r i g i n a t e d   f r o m   o t h e r   i n d o o r   e m i s s i o n   s o u r c e s   r a t h e r   t h a n   s u b s u r f a c e   c o n t a m i n a t i o n , w h e r e a s ,   g r a d i e n t s   o r   h o t   s p o t s   i n   b a s e m e n t s   o r   l o w e r   l e v e l s   c o u l d   s u g g e s t   a   s c e n a r i o   t h a t   i s c o n s i s t e n t   w i t h   s u b s u r f a c e   v a p o r   i n t r u s i o n   o r   a   p r e f e r e n t i a l   p a t h w a y .     A   c o n t e m p o r a n e o u s a m b i e n t   ( o u t d o o r )   a i r   s a m p l e   m a y   b e   u s e f u l   t o   i n c l u d e   f o r   c o m p a r i s o n   t o   i n d o o r   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a n d   a i d   i n   c h a r a c t e r i z i n g   p o s s i b l e   b a c k g r o u n d   c o n t r i b u t i o n   f r o m   a m b i e n t   ( o u t d o o r )   a i r .     M o r e d e t a i l   a b o u t   i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l i n g   p r o t o c o l s   i s   p r o v i d e d   i n   A p p e n d i x   E . I   -   2 W e   r e c o m m e n d   t h a t   a l l   i n f o r m a t i o n   o n   b a c k g r o u n d   i n d o o r   a i r   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   b e   c o n s i d e r e d a l o n g   w i t h   a l l   o f   t h e   i n f o r m a t i o n   c o l l e c t e d   a b o u t   t h e   s i t e   a n d   t h e   n a t u r e   o f   t h e   c o n t a m i n a t i o n w h e n   c o n d u c t i n g   a n y   s i t e - s p e c i f i c   r i s k   a s s e s s m e n t s ,   d e t e r m i n i n g   a p p r o p r i a t e   r i s k   m a n a g e m e n t a c t i o n s ,   a n d   i n   a d v i s i n g   c i t i z e n s   v i a   r i s k   c o m m u n i c a t i o n s .     W e   r e c o m m e n d   t h a t   t h e   a s s e s s m e n t   o f b a c k g r o u n d   c o n t r i b u t i o n   f o c u s   o n   t h e   c o n s t i t u e n t s   a n d   d e g r a d a t i o n   p r o d u c t s   o b s e r v e d   i n   t h e s u b s u r f a c e .     H o w e v e r ,   w h i l e   i t   i s   i m p o r t a n t   t o   i d e n t i f y   b a c k g r o u n d   i n d o o r   a i r   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s ,   w e r e c o m m e n d   t h a t   t h e y   n o t   b e   d i s c o u n t e d   w h e n   m a k i n g   a   d e t e r m i n a t i o n   o r   c o m m u n i c a t i n g   w i t h   t h e p u b l i c   a b o u t   s i t e - r e l a t e d   i m p a c t   a n d / o r   r i s k . 2 . C E R C L A   G u i d a n c e   o n   t h e   R o l e   o f   B a c k g r o u n d   E P A   r e c e n t l y   p u b l i s h e d   t h e   “ R o l e   o f   B a c k g r o u n d   i n   t h e   C E R C L A   C l e a n u p   P r o g r a m ” ( O S W E R   9 2 8 5 . 6 - 0 7 P ;   A P R   2 0 0 2 ;   U R L   =   h t t p : / / w w w . e p a . g o v / s u p e r f u n d / p r o g r a m s / r i s k / r o l e . p d f ) o u t l i n i n g   a   p r e f e r r e d   a p p r o a c h   f o r   t h e   c o n s i d e r a t i o n   o f   b a c k g r o u n d   c o n s t i t u e n t   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f h a z a r d o u s   s u b s t a n c e s ,   p o l l u t a n t s ,   a n d   c o n t a m i n a n t s   i n   c e r t a i n   s t e p s   o f   t h e   r e m e d y   s e l e c t i o n p r o c e s s   a t   C o m p r e h e n s i v e   E n v i r o n m e n t a l   R e s p o n s e ,   C o m p e n s a t i o n ,   a n d   L i a b i l i t y   A c t   ( C E R C L A o r   “ S u p e r f u n d ” )   s i t e s .     T h i s   p o l i c y   r e c o m m e n d s   t h a t   w h e n   c o n d u c t i n g   s i t e   r i s k   a s s e s s m e n t s c o n t a m i n a n t   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   a t t r i b u t a b l e   t o   b a c k g r o u n d   s o u r c e s   s h o u l d   n o t   b e   e l i m i n a t e d   f r o m f u r t h e r   c o n s i d e r a t i o n ,   s i n c e   i t   c o u l d   r e s u l t   i n   t h e   l o s s   o f   i m p o r t a n t   r i s k   i n f o r m a t i o n   f o r   t h o s e p o t e n t i a l l y   e x p o s e d ,   e v e n   t h o u g h   c l e a n u p   m a y   o r   m a y   n o t   e l i m i n a t e   a   s o u r c e   o f   r i s k s   c a u s e d   b y b a c k g r o u n d   l e v e l s .     T h i s   p o l i c y   e n c o u r a g e s   a   b a s e l i n e   r i s k   a s s e s s m e n t   a p p r o a c h   t h a t   r e t a i n s c o n s t i t u e n t s   t h a t   e x c e e d   r i s k - b a s e d   s c r e e n i n g   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   a n d   e n c o u r a g e s   a d d r e s s i n g   s i t e - s p e c i f i c   b a c k g r o u n d   i s s u e s   a t   t h e   e n d   o f   t h e   r i s k   a s s e s s m e n t   p h a s e .     A l t h o u g h   V O C s   a n d   i n d o o r a i r   c o n c e r n s   a r e   n o t   e x p l i c i t   i n   t h e   C E R C L A   “ R o l e   o f   B a c k g r o u n d . . . ”   i t   s e e m s   t o   s u g g e s t   t h a t V O C s   w i t h   b o t h   s u b s u r f a c e   s i t e   r e l e a s e - r e l a t e d   a n d   b a c k g r o u n d - r e l a t e d   s o u r c e s   s h o u l d   b e i n c l u d e d   i n   a n y   s i t e   r i s k   a s s e s s m e n t .     C o n s i s t e n t   w i t h   t h e   C E R C L A   “ R o l e   o f   B a c k g r o u n d . . . ” i t   i s r e c o m m e n d e d   t h a t   a n y   s i g n i f i c a n t   b a c k g r o u n d   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   V O C s   b e   d i s c u s s e d   i n   t h e   r i s k c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n   i n   a   c o m p r e h e n s i v e   m a n n e r   a l o n g   w i t h   a n y   a v a i l a b l e   d a t a   d i s t i n g u i s h i n g   t h e b a c k g r o u n d   c o n t r i b u t i o n   f r o m   s i t e   r e l e a s e - r e l a t e d   V O C   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s . 3 . S t a t e   G u i d a n c e   E x a m p l e s S o m e   s t a t e s   h a v e   d e v e l o p e d   s p e c i f i c   a p p r o a c h e s   t o   c o n s i d e r i n g   i n d o o r   a i r   b a c k g r o u n d   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   o f   V O C s     w h e n   e v a l u a t i n g   a   c l e a n u p   s i t e .     M e a s u r e m e n t s   o f   b a c k g r o u n d   V O C c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   t a k e n   b e f o r e   a n y   s i t e - r e l a t e d   c o n t a m i n a t i o n   o f   t h e   i n d o o r   a i r   m a y   h a v e   o c c u r r e d a r e   c o n s i d e r e d   i d e a l .     H o w e v e r ,   t h i s   t y p e   o f   d a t a   i s   r a r e l y   a v a i l a b l e .     G i v e n   t h e   v a r i a b i l i t y   i n b a c k g r o u n d   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   i n   b u i l d i n g s ,   s t u d i e s   o f   r e p r e s e n t a t i v e   i n d o o r   a i r   b a c k g r o u n d   V O C s a r e   p r e f e r r e d .     I n   s o m e   c a s e s ,   d a t a   m a y   b e   a v a i l a b l e   f r o m   b a c k g r o u n d   s t u d i e s   t h a t   h a v e   b e e n c o n d u c t e d   i n   r e p r e s e n t a t i v e   “ o n - s i t e ”   b u i l d i n g s   o u t   o f   t h e   c o n t a m i n a t i o n   z o n e   o r   i n   n e a r b y   “ o f f - s i t e ”   b u i l d i n g s .     T h e   C o l o r a d o   D e p a r t m e n t   o f   P u b l i c   H e a l t h   a n d   E n v i r o n m e n t   ( p e r s o n a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n ,   A u g u s t   2 0 0 2 )   h a s   s t a t e d   t h a t   p o s t - r e m e d i a t i o n   s t u d i e s   o f   b a c k g r o u n d   i n d o o r   a i r V O C s   p r o v i d e   r e l i a b l e   d a t a . I   -   3 T h e   M a s s a c h u s e t t s   D e p a r t m e n t   o f   E n v i r o n m e n t a l   P r o t e c t i o n   ( M A   D E P )   s u g g e s t s   t h a t   c o m p a r i n g i n d o o r   a i r   s a m p l e   V O C   c o n c e n t r a t i o n s   t o   r e l e v a n t   v a l u e s   c o m p i l e d   i n   t h e   r e c e n t   s c i e n t i f i c l i t e r a t u r e   a r e   s u i t a b l e   f o r   u s e   i n   c h a r a c t e r i z i n g   b a c k g r o u n d   V O C s   l e v e l s .     H o w e v e r ,   M A   D E P c a u t i o n s   a g a i n s t   u s i n g   b a c k g r o u n d   i n f o r m a t i o n   a s   t h e   s o l e   b a s i s   f o r   d e t e r m i n i n g   w h e t h e r   t h e r e   i s a   s i t e - r e l a t e d   i m p a c t   a n d   b e l i e v e s   t h a t   o t h e r   c o m p e l l i n g   e v i d e n c e   o f   c o n t a m i n a t i o n   f r o m   a   s i t e s h o u l d   n o t   b e   i g n o r e d .     M A   D E P   i n d i c a t e s   t h a t   p r o f e s s i o n a l   j u d g m e n t   s h o u l d   b e   u s e d   t o s y s t e m a t i c a l l y   a n d   l o g i c a l l y   c o m e   t o   a   c o n c l u s i o n   a b o u t   s i t e - r e l a t e d   c o n t a m i n a t i o n     i m p a c t s u s i n g   a l l   a v a i l a b l e   i n f o r m a t i o n .     ( M A   D E P   I n d o o r   A i r   S a m p l i n g   a n d   E v a l u a t i o n   G u i d e   ( A p r i l 2 0 0 2 )     U R L   =     h t t p : / / w w w . s t a t e . m a . u s / d e p / b w s c / f i n a l p o l . h t m ) R e f e r e n c e s C o l o r a d o   D e p a r t m e n t   o f   P u b l i c   H e a l t h   a n d   E n v i r o n m e n t     P e r s o n a l   C o m m u n i c a t i o n .   E d g a r E t h i n g t o n .   A u g u s t   2 0 0 2 .   M A   D E P   I n d o o r   A i r   S a m p l i n g   a n d   E v a l u a t i o n   G u i d e   ( A p r i l   2 0 0 2 )     U R L   =   h t t p : / / w w w . s t a t e . m a . u s / d e p / b w s c / f i n a l p o l . h t m R o l e   o f   B a c k g r o u n d   i n   t h e   C E R C L A   C l e a n u p   P r o g r a m ”     ( O S W E R   9 2 8 5 . 6 - 0 7 P ;   A p r i l   2 0 0 2 ; U R L   =   h t t p : / / w w w . e p a . g o v / s u p e r f u n d / p r o g r a m s / r i s k / r o l e . p d f ) Table 1: Question 1 Summary Sheet.

CAS No. Chemical Is Chemical Sufficiently Toxic? 1 Is Chemical Sufficiently Volatile? 2 Check Here if Known or Reasonably Suspected To Be Present 3 83329 Acenaphthene YES YES 75070 Acetaldehyde YES YES 67641 Acetone YES YES 75058 Acetonitrile YES YES 98862 Acetophenone YES YES 107028 Acrolein YES YES 107131 Acrylonitrile YES YES 309002 Aldrin YES YES 319846 alpha HCH ( alpha BHC) YES YES 62533 Aniline YES NO NA 120127 Anthracene NO YES NA 56553 Benz( a) anthracene YES NO NA 100527 Benzaldehyde YES YES 71432 Benzene YES YES 50328 Benzo( a) pyrene YES NO NA 205992 Benzo( b) fluoranthene YES YES 207089 Benzo( k) fluoranthene NO NO NA 65850 Benzoic Acid NO NO NA 100516 Benzyl alcohol YES NO NA 100447 Benzylchloride YES YES 91587 beta Chloronaphthalene YES YES 319857 beta HCH ( beta BHC) YES NO NA 92524 Biphenyl YES YES 111444 Bis( 2 chloroethyl) ether YES YES 108601 Bis( 2 chloroisopropyl) ether YES YES 117817 Bis( 2 ethylhexyl) phthalate NO NO NA 542881 Bis( chloromethyl) ether YES YES 75274 Bromodichloromethane YES YES 75252 Bromoform YES YES 106990 1,3 Butadiene YES YES 71363 Butanol YES NO NA 85687 Butyl benzyl phthalate NO NO NA 86748 Carbazole YES NO NA 75150 Carbon disulfide YES YES 56235 Carbon tetrachloride YES YES 57749 Chlordane YES YES 126998 2 Chloro 1,3 butadiene ( chloroprene) YES YES 108907 Chlorobenzene YES YES 109693 1 Chlorobutane YES YES 124481 Chlorodibromomethane YES YES 75456 Chlorodifluoromethane YES YES 75003 Chloroethane ( ethyl chloride) YES YES 67663 Chloroform YES YES 95578 2 Chlorophenol YES YES 75296 2 Chloropropane YES YES 218019 Chrysene YES YES 156592 cis 1,2 Dichloroethylene YES YES 123739 Crotonaldehyde ( 2 butenal) YES YES 98828 Cumene YES YES 72548 DDD YES NO NA 72559 DDE YES YES 50293 DDT YES NO NA 53703 Dibenz( a, h) anthracene YES NO NA 132649 Dibenzofuran YES YES 96128 1,2 Dibromo 3 chloropropane YES YES 106934 1,2 Dibromoethane ( ethylene dibromide) YES YES 541731 1,3 Dichlorobenzene YES YES 95501 1,2 Dichlorobenzene YES YES 106467 1,4 Dichlorobenzene YES YES 91941 3,3 Dichlorobenzidine YES NO NA 75718 Dichlorodifluoromethane YES YES DRAFT Table 1 November 20, 2002 Table 1: Question 1 Summary Sheet.

CAS No. Chemical Is Chemical Sufficiently Toxic? 1 Is Chemical Sufficiently Volatile? 2 Check Here if Known or Reasonably Suspected To Be Present 3 75343 1,1 Dichloroethane YES YES 107062 1,2 Dichloroethane YES YES 75354 1,1 Dichloroethylene YES YES 120832 2,4 Dichlorophenol YES NO NA 78875 1,2 Dichloropropane YES YES 542756 1,3 Dichloropropene YES YES 60571 Dieldrin YES YES 84662 Diethylphthalate YES NO NA 105679 2,4 Dimethylphenol YES NO NA 131113 Dimethylphthalate NA NO NA 84742 Di n butyl phthalate NO NO NA 534521 4,6 Dinitro 2 methylphenol ( 4,6 dinitro o cresol) YES NO NA 51285 2,4 Dinitrophenol YES NO NA 121142 2,4 Dinitrotoluene YES NO NA 606202 2,6 Dinitrotoluene YES NO NA 117840 Di n octyl phthalate NO YES NA 115297 Endosulfan YES YES 72208 Endrin YES NO NA 106898 Epichlorohydrin YES YES 60297 Ethyl ether YES YES 141786 Ethylacetate YES YES 100414 Ethylbenzene YES YES 75218 Ethylene oxide YES YES 97632 Ethylmethacrylate YES YES 206440 Fluoranthene NO YES NA 86737 Fluorene YES YES 110009 Furan YES YES 58899 gamma HCH ( Lindane) YES YES 76448 Heptachlor YES YES 1024573 Heptachlor epoxide YES NO NA 87683 Hexachloro 1,3 butadiene YES YES 118741 Hexachlorobenzene YES YES 77474 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene YES YES 67721 Hexachloroethane YES YES 110543 Hexane YES YES 74908 Hydrogen cyanide YES YES 193395 Indeno( 1,2,3 cd) pyrene NO NO NA 78831 Isobutanol YES YES 78591 Isophorone YES NO NA 7439976 Mercury ( elemental) YES YES 126987 Methacrylonitrile YES YES 72435 Methoxychlor YES YES 79209 Methyl acetate YES YES 96333 Methyl acrylate YES YES 74839 Methyl bromide YES YES 74873 Methyl chloride ( chloromethane) YES YES 108872 Methylcyclohexane YES YES 74953 Methylene bromide YES YES 75092 Methylene chloride YES YES 78933 Methylethylketone ( 2 butanone) YES YES 108101 Methylisobutylketone YES YES 80626 Methylmethacrylate YES YES 91576 2 Methylnaphthalene YES YES 108394 3 Methylphenol ( m cresol) YES NO NA 95487 2 Methylphenol ( o cresol) YES NO NA 106455 4 Methylphenol ( p cresol) YES NO NA 99081 m Nitrotoluene YES NO NA 1634044 MTBE YES YES 108383 m Xylene YES YES 91203 Naphthalene YES YES 104518 n Butylbenzene YES YES DRAFT Table 1 November 20, 2002 Table 1: Question 1 Summary Sheet.

CAS No. Chemical Is Chemical Sufficiently Toxic? 1 Is Chemical Sufficiently Volatile? 2 Check Here if Known or Reasonably Suspected To Be Present 3 98953 Nitrobenzene YES YES 100027 4 Nitrophenol YES NO NA 79469 2 Nitropropane YES YES 924163 N Nitroso di n butylamine YES YES 621647 N Nitrosodi n propylamine YES NO NA 86306 N Nitrosodiphenylamine YES NO NA 103651 n Propylbenzene YES YES 88722 o Nitrotoluene YES YES 95476 o Xylene YES YES 106478 p Chloroaniline YES NO NA 87865 Pentachlorophenol YES NO NA 108952 Phenol YES NO NA 99990 p Nitrotoluene YES NO NA 106423 p Xylene YES YES 129000 Pyrene YES YES 110861 Pyridine YES NO NA 135988 sec Butylbenzene YES YES 100425 Styrene YES YES 98066 tert Butylbenzene YES YES 630206 1,1,1,2 Tetrachloroethane YES YES 79345 1,1,2,2 Tetrachloroethane YES YES 127184 Tetrachloroethylene YES YES 108883 Toluene YES YES 8001352 Toxaphene YES NO NA 156605 trans 1,2 Dichloroethylene YES YES 76131 1,1,2 Trichloro 1,2,2 trifluoroethane YES YES 120821 1,2,4 Trichlorobenzene YES YES 79005 1,1,2 Trichloroethane YES YES 71556 1,1,1 Trichloroethane YES YES 79016 Trichloroethylene YES YES 75694 Trichlorofluoromethane YES YES 95954 2,4,5 Trichlorophenol YES NO NA 88062 2,4,6 Trichlorophenol YES NO NA 96184 1,2,3 Trichloropropane YES YES 95636 1,2,4 Trimethylbenzene YES YES 108678 1,3,5 Trimethylbenzene YES YES 108054 Vinyl acetate YES YES 75014 Vinyl chloride ( chloroethene) YES YES 1 A chemical is considered sufficiently toxic if the vapor concentration of the pure component ( see Appendix D) poses an incremental lifetime cancer risk greater than 10 6 or a non cancer hazard index greater than 1.

2 A chemical is considered sufficiently volatile if its Henry's Law Constant is 1 x 10 5 atm m3/ mol or greater ( US EPA, 1991).

3 Users should check off compounds that meet the criteria for toxicity and volatility and are known or reasonably suspected to be present.

DRAFT Table 1 November 20, 2002 Table 2a: Question 4 Generic Screening Levels and Summary Sheet 1 Risk = 1 x 10 4 Basis of Target Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Indoor Air Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Deep Soil Gas Concentration Target Groundwater Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor =

0.001 and Partitioning Across the Water Table Obeys Henry's Law Measured or Reasonably Estimated Groundwater Concentration C= cancer risk [ if available] [ if available] [ if available] Cgw [ if available]

CAS No. Chemical NC= noncancer risk ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ L) ( specify units)

83329 Acenaphthene X NC 2.1E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 2.1E+ 03 3.3E+ 02 2.1E+ 04 3.3E+ 03 **

75070 Acetaldehyde NC 9.0E+ 00 5.0E+ 00 9.0E+ 01 5.0E+ 01 9.0E+ 02 5.0E+ 02 2.8E+ 03 67641 Acetone X NC 3.5E+ 02 1.5E+ 02 3.5E+ 03 1.5E+ 03 3.5E+ 04 1.5E+ 04 2.2E+ 05 75058 Acetonitrile NC 6.0E+ 01 3.6E+ 01 6.0E+ 02 3.6E+ 02 6.0E+ 03 3.6E+ 03 4.2E+ 04 98862 Acetophenone X NC 3.5E+ 02 7.1E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 7.1E+ 02 3.5E+ 04 7.1E+ 03 8.0E+ 05 107028 Acrolein NC 2.0E 02 8.7E 03 2.0E 01 8.7E 02 2.0E+ 00 8.7E 01 4.0E+ 00 107131 Acrylonitrile NC 2.0E+ 00 9.2E 01 2.0E+ 01 9.2E+ 00 2.0E+ 02 9.2E+ 01 4.7E+ 02 309002 Aldrin C 5.0E 02 3.3E 03 5.0E 01 3.3E 02 5.0E+ 00 3.3E 01 7.1E+ 00 319846 alpha HCH ( alpha BHC) C 1.4E 01 1.1E 02 1.4E+ 00 1.1E 01 1.4E+ 01 1.1E+ 00 3.1E+ 02 100527 Benzaldehyde X NC 3.5E+ 02 8.1E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 8.1E+ 02 3.5E+ 04 8.1E+ 03 3.6E+ 05 71432 Benzene C 3.1E+ 01 9.8E+ 00 3.1E+ 02 9.8E+ 01 3.1E+ 03 9.8E+ 02 1.4E+ 02 205992 Benzo( b) fluoranthene X C 1.2E+ 00 1.1E 01 ** ** ** ** **

100447 Benzylchloride X C 5.0E+ 00 9.7E 01 5.0E+ 01 9.7E+ 00 5.0E+ 02 9.7E+ 01 3.0E+ 02 91587 beta Chloronaphthalene X NC 2.8E+ 02 4.2E+ 01 2.8E+ 03 4.2E+ 02 2.8E+ 04 4.2E+ 03 **

92524 Biphenyl X NC 1.8E+ 02 2.8E+ 01 1.8E+ 03 2.8E+ 02 1.8E+ 04 2.8E+ 03 **

111444 Bis( 2 chloroethyl) ether C 7.4E 01 1.3E 01 7.4E+ 00 1.3E+ 00 7.4E+ 01 1.3E+ 01 1.0E+ 03 108601 Bis( 2 chloroisopropyl) ether C 2.4E+ 01 3.5E+ 00 2.4E+ 02 3.5E+ 01 2.4E+ 03 3.5E+ 02 5.1E+ 03 542881 Bis( chloromethyl) ether C 3.9E 03 8.4E 04 3.9E 02 8.4E 03 3.9E 01 8.4E 02 4.5E 01 75274 Bromodichloromethane X C 1.4E+ 01 2.1E+ 00 1.4E+ 02 2.1E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.1E+ 02 2.1E+ 02 75252 Bromoform C 2.2E+ 02 2.1E+ 01 2.2E+ 03 2.1E+ 02 2.2E+ 04 2.1E+ 03 8.3E 01 106990 1,3 Butadiene C 8.7E 01 3.9E 01 8.7E+ 00 3.9E+ 00 8.7E+ 01 3.9E+ 01 2.9E 01 75150 Carbon disulfide NC 7.0E+ 02 2.2E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 2.2E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 2.2E+ 04 5.6E+ 02 56235 Carbon tetrachloride C 1.6E+ 01 2.6E+ 00 1.6E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 1.6E+ 03 2.6E+ 02 1.3E+ 01 57749 Chlordane NC 7.0E 01 4.2E 02 7.0E+ 00 4.2E 01 7.0E+ 01 4.2E+ 00 **

126998 2 Chloro 1,3 butadiene ( chloroprene) NC 7.0E+ 00 1.9E+ 00 7.0E+ 01 1.9E+ 01 7.0E+ 02 1.9E+ 02 1.4E+ 01 108907 Chlorobenzene NC 6.0E+ 01 1.3E+ 01 6.0E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 6.0E+ 03 1.3E+ 03 3.9E+ 02 109693 1 Chlorobutane X NC 1.4E+ 03 3.7E+ 02 1.4E+ 04 3.7E+ 03 1.4E+ 05 3.7E+ 04 2.0E+ 03 124481 Chlorodibromomethane X C 1.0E+ 01 1.2E+ 00 1.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 01 1.0E+ 03 1.2E+ 02 3.2E+ 02 75456 Chlorodifluoromethane NC 5.0E+ 04 1.4E+ 04 5.0E+ 05 1.4E+ 05 ** ** **

75003 Chloroethane ( ethyl chloride) NC 1.0E+ 04 3.8E+ 03 1.0E+ 05 3.8E+ 04 1.0E+ 06 3.8E+ 05 2.8E+ 04 67663 Chloroform C 1.1E+ 01 2.2E+ 00 1.1E+ 02 2.2E+ 01 1.1E+ 03 2.2E+ 02 8.0E+ 01 *

95578 2 Chlorophenol X NC 1.8E+ 01 3.3E+ 00 1.8E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 1.8E+ 03 3.3E+ 02 1.1E+ 03 75296 2 Chloropropane NC 1.0E+ 02 3.2E+ 01 1.0E+ 03 3.2E+ 02 1.0E+ 04 3.2E+ 03 1.7E+ 02 218019 Chrysene X * * * * * * * *

156592 cis 1,2 Dichloroethylene X NC 3.5E+ 01 8.8E+ 00 3.5E+ 02 8.8E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 8.8E+ 02 2.1E+ 02 123739 Crotonaldehyde ( 2 butenal) X C 4.5E 01 1.6E 01 4.5E+ 00 1.6E+ 00 4.5E+ 01 1.6E+ 01 5.6E+ 02 98828 Cumene NC 4.0E+ 02 8.1E+ 01 4.0E+ 03 8.1E+ 02 4.0E+ 04 8.1E+ 03 8.4E+ 00 Target Indoor Air Concentration to Satisfy Both the Prescribed Risk Level and the Target Hazard Index [ R= 10 4, HI= 1) Target Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.1 Target Deep Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.01 Ctarget Csoil gas Csoil gas Compounds with Provisional Toxicity Data Extrapolated From Oral Sources DRAFT Table 2a November 20, 2002 Table 2a: Question 4 Generic Screening Levels and Summary Sheet 1 Risk = 1 x 10 4 Basis of Target Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Indoor Air Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Deep Soil Gas Concentration Target Groundwater Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor =

0.001 and Partitioning Across the Water Table Obeys Henry's Law Measured or Reasonably Estimated Groundwater Concentration C= cancer risk [ if available] [ if available] [ if available] Cgw [ if available]

CAS No. Chemical NC= noncancer risk ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ L) ( specify units)

Target Indoor Air Concentration to Satisfy Both the Prescribed Risk Level and the Target Hazard Index [ R= 10 4, HI= 1) Target Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.1 Target Deep Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.01 Ctarget Csoil gas Csoil gas Compounds with Provisional Toxicity Data Extrapolated From Oral Sources 72559 DDE X C 2.5E+ 00 1.9E 01 2.5E+ 01 1.9E+ 00 ** ** **

132649 Dibenzofuran X NC 1.4E+ 01 2.0E+ 00 1.4E+ 02 2.0E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.0E+ 02 **

96128 1,2 Dibromo 3 chloropropane NC 2.0E 01 2.1E 02 2.0E+ 00 2.1E 01 2.0E+ 01 2.1E+ 00 3.3E+ 01 106934 1,2 Dibromoethane ( ethylene dibromide) NC 2.0E 01 2.6E 02 2.0E+ 00 2.6E 01 2.0E+ 01 2.6E+ 00 6.6E+ 00 541731 1,3 Dichlorobenzene X NC 1.1E+ 02 1.7E+ 01 1.1E+ 03 1.7E+ 02 1.1E+ 04 1.7E+ 03 8.3E+ 02 95501 1,2 Dichlorobenzene NC 2.0E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 3.3E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 3.3E+ 03 2.6E+ 03 106467 1,4 Dichlorobenzene NC 8.0E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 8.0E+ 03 1.3E+ 03 8.0E+ 04 1.3E+ 04 8.2E+ 03 75718 Dichlorodifluoromethane NC 2.0E+ 02 4.0E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 4.0E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 4.0E+ 03 1.4E+ 01 75343 1,1 Dichloroethane NC 5.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 5.0E+ 03 1.2E+ 03 5.0E+ 04 1.2E+ 04 2.2E+ 03 107062 1,2 Dichloroethane C 9.4E+ 00 2.3E+ 00 9.4E+ 01 2.3E+ 01 9.4E+ 02 2.3E+ 02 2.3E+ 02 75354 1,1 Dichloroethylene NC 2.0E+ 02 5.0E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 5.0E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 5.0E+ 03 1.9E+ 02 78875 1,2 Dichloropropane NC 4.0E+ 00 8.7E 01 4.0E+ 01 8.7E+ 00 4.0E+ 02 8.7E+ 01 3.5E+ 01 542756 1,3 Dichloropropene NC 2.0E+ 01 4.4E+ 00 2.0E+ 02 4.4E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 4.4E+ 02 2.8E+ 01 60571 Dieldrin C 5.3E 02 3.4E 03 5.3E 01 3.4E 02 5.3E+ 00 3.4E 01 8.6E+ 01 115297 Endosulfan X NC 2.1E+ 01 1.3E+ 00 2.1E+ 02 1.3E+ 01 ** ** **

106898 Epichlorohydrin NC 1.0E+ 00 2.6E 01 1.0E+ 01 2.6E+ 00 1.0E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 8.0E+ 02 60297 Ethyl ether X NC 7.0E+ 02 2.3E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 2.3E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 2.3E+ 04 5.2E+ 02 141786 Ethylacetate X NC 3.2E+ 03 8.7E+ 02 3.2E+ 04 8.7E+ 03 3.2E+ 05 8.7E+ 04 5.6E+ 05 100414 Ethylbenzene C 2.2E+ 02 5.1E+ 01 2.2E+ 03 5.1E+ 02 2.2E+ 04 5.1E+ 03 7.0E+ 02 *

75218 Ethylene oxide C 2.4E+ 00 1.4E+ 00 2.4E+ 01 1.4E+ 01 2.4E+ 02 1.4E+ 02 1.1E+ 02 97632 Ethylmethacrylate X NC 3.2E+ 02 6.8E+ 01 3.2E+ 03 6.8E+ 02 3.2E+ 04 6.8E+ 03 9.1E+ 03 86737 Fluorene X NC 1.4E+ 02 2.1E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.1E+ 02 ** ** **

110009 Furan X NC 3.5E+ 00 1.3E+ 00 3.5E+ 01 1.3E+ 01 3.5E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 1.6E+ 01 58899 gamma HCH ( Lindane) X C 6.6E 01 5.5E 02 6.6E+ 00 5.5E 01 6.6E+ 01 5.5E+ 00 1.1E+ 03 76448 Heptachlor C 1.9E 01 1.2E 02 1.9E+ 00 1.2E 01 1.9E+ 01 1.2E+ 00 4.0E 01 *

87683 Hexachloro 1,3 butadiene C 1.1E+ 01 1.0E+ 00 1.1E+ 02 1.0E+ 01 1.1E+ 03 1.0E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 118741 Hexachlorobenzene C 5.3E 01 4.5E 02 5.3E+ 00 4.5E 01 5.3E+ 01 4.5E+ 00 **

77474 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene NC 2.0E 01 1.8E 02 2.0E+ 00 1.8E 01 2.0E+ 01 1.8E+ 00 5.0E+ 01 *

67721 Hexachloroethane C 6.1E+ 01 6.3E+ 00 6.1E+ 02 6.3E+ 01 6.1E+ 03 6.3E+ 02 3.8E+ 02 110543 Hexane NC 2.0E+ 02 5.7E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 5.7E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 5.7E+ 03 2.9E+ 00 74908 Hydrogen cyanide NC 3.0E+ 00 2.7E+ 00 3.0E+ 01 2.7E+ 01 3.0E+ 02 2.7E+ 02 5.5E+ 02 78831 Isobutanol X NC 1.1E+ 03 3.5E+ 02 1.1E+ 04 3.5E+ 03 1.1E+ 05 3.5E+ 04 2.2E+ 06 7439976 Mercury ( elemental) NC 3.0E 01 3.7E 02 3.0E+ 00 3.7E 01 3.0E+ 01 3.7E+ 00 6.8E 01 126987 Methacrylonitrile NC 7.0E 01 2.6E 01 7.0E+ 00 2.6E+ 00 7.0E+ 01 2.6E+ 01 6.9E+ 01 72435 Methoxychlor X NC 1.8E+ 01 1.2E+ 00 ** ** ** ** **

79209 Methyl acetate X NC 3.5E+ 03 1.2E+ 03 3.5E+ 04 1.2E+ 04 3.5E+ 05 1.2E+ 05 7.2E+ 05 96333 Methyl acrylate X NC 1.1E+ 02 3.0E+ 01 1.1E+ 03 3.0E+ 02 1.1E+ 04 3.0E+ 03 1.4E+ 04 DRAFT Table 2a November 20, 2002 Table 2a: Question 4 Generic Screening Levels and Summary Sheet 1 Risk = 1 x 10 4 Basis of Target Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Indoor Air Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Deep Soil Gas Concentration Target Groundwater Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor =

0.001 and Partitioning Across the Water Table Obeys Henry's Law Measured or Reasonably Estimated Groundwater Concentration C= cancer risk [ if available] [ if available] [ if available] Cgw [ if available]

CAS No. Chemical NC= noncancer risk ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ L) ( specify units)

Target Indoor Air Concentration to Satisfy Both the Prescribed Risk Level and the Target Hazard Index [ R= 10 4, HI= 1) Target Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.1 Target Deep Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.01 Ctarget Csoil gas Csoil gas Compounds with Provisional Toxicity Data Extrapolated From Oral Sources 74839 Methyl bromide NC 5.0E+ 00 1.3E+ 00 5.0E+ 01 1.3E+ 01 5.0E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 2.0E+ 01 74873 Methyl chloride ( chloromethane) NC 9.0E+ 01 4.4E+ 01 9.0E+ 02 4.4E+ 02 9.0E+ 03 4.4E+ 03 2.5E+ 02 108872 Methylcyclohexane NC 3.0E+ 03 7.5E+ 02 3.0E+ 04 7.5E+ 03 3.0E+ 05 7.5E+ 04 7.1E+ 02 74953 Methylene bromide X NC 3.5E+ 01 4.9E+ 00 3.5E+ 02 4.9E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 4.9E+ 02 9.9E+ 02 75092 Methylene chloride C 5.2E+ 02 1.5E+ 02 5.2E+ 03 1.5E+ 03 5.2E+ 04 1.5E+ 04 5.8E+ 03 78933 Methylethylketone ( 2 butanone) NC 1.0E+ 03 3.4E+ 02 1.0E+ 04 3.4E+ 03 1.0E+ 05 3.4E+ 04 4.4E+ 05 108101Methylisobutylketone NC 8.0E+ 01 2.0E+ 01 8.0E+ 02 2.0E+ 02 8.0E+ 03 2.0E+ 03 1.4E+ 04 80626 Methylmethacrylate NC 7.0E+ 02 1.7E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 1.7E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 1.7E+ 04 5.1E+ 04 91576 2 Methylnaphthalene X NC 7.0E+ 01 1.2E+ 01 7.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 1.2E+ 03 3.3E+ 03 1634044 MTBE NC 3.0E+ 03 8.3E+ 02 3.0E+ 04 8.3E+ 03 3.0E+ 05 8.3E+ 04 1.2E+ 05 108383 m Xylene X NC 7.0E+ 03 1.6E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 1.6E+ 04 7.0E+ 05 1.6E+ 05 2.3E+ 04 91203 Naphthalene NC 3.0E+ 00 5.7E 01 3.0E+ 01 5.7E+ 00 3.0E+ 02 5.7E+ 01 1.5E+ 02 104518 n Butylbenzene X NC 1.4E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.6E+ 02 1.4E+ 04 2.6E+ 03 2.6E+ 02 98953 Nitrobenzene NC 2.0E+ 00 4.0E 01 2.0E+ 01 4.0E+ 00 2.0E+ 02 4.0E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 79469 2 Nitropropane C 9.0E 02 2.5E 02 9.0E 01 2.5E 01 9.0E+ 00 2.5E+ 00 1.8E+ 01 924163 N Nitroso di n butylamine C 1.5E 01 2.4E 02 1.5E+ 00 2.4E 01 1.5E+ 01 2.4E+ 00 1.2E+ 01 103651 n Propylbenzene X NC 1.4E+ 02 2.8E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.8E+ 02 1.4E+ 04 2.8E+ 03 3.2E+ 02 88722 o Nitrotoluene X NC 3.5E+ 01 6.2E+ 00 3.5E+ 02 6.2E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 6.2E+ 02 6.8E+ 04 95476 o Xylene X NC 7.0E+ 03 1.6E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 1.6E+ 04 7.0E+ 05 1.6E+ 05 3.3E+ 04 106423 p Xylene X NC 7.0E+ 03 1.6E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 1.6E+ 04 7.0E+ 05 1.6E+ 05 2.2E+ 04 129000 Pyrene X NC 1.1E+ 02 1.3E+ 01 ** ** ** ** **

135988 sec Butylbenzene X NC 1.4E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.6E+ 02 1.4E+ 04 2.6E+ 03 2.5E+ 02 100425 Styrene NC 1.0E+ 03 2.3E+ 02 1.0E+ 04 2.3E+ 03 1.0E+ 05 2.3E+ 04 8.9E+ 03 98066 tert Butylbenzene X NC 1.4E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.6E+ 02 1.4E+ 04 2.6E+ 03 2.9E+ 02 630206 1,1,1,2 Tetrachloroethane C 3.3E+ 01 4.8E+ 00 3.3E+ 02 4.8E+ 01 3.3E+ 03 4.8E+ 02 3.3E+ 02 79345 1,1,2,2 Tetrachloroethane C 4.2E+ 00 6.1E 01 4.2E+ 01 6.1E+ 00 4.2E+ 02 6.1E+ 01 3.0E+ 02 127184 Tetrachloroethylene C 8.1E+ 01 1.2E+ 01 8.1E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 8.1E+ 03 1.2E+ 03 1.1E+ 02 108883 Toluene NC 4.0E+ 02 1.1E+ 02 4.0E+ 03 1.1E+ 03 4.0E+ 04 1.1E+ 04 1.5E+ 03 156605 trans 1,2 Dichloroethylene X NC 7.0E+ 01 1.8E+ 01 7.0E+ 02 1.8E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 1.8E+ 03 1.8E+ 02 76131 1,1,2 Trichloro 1,2,2 trifluoroethane NC 3.0E+ 04 3.9E+ 03 3.0E+ 05 3.9E+ 04 3.0E+ 06 3.9E+ 05 1.5E+ 03 120821 1,2,4 Trichlorobenzene NC 2.0E+ 02 2.7E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 2.7E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 2.7E+ 03 3.4E+ 03 79005 1,1,2 Trichloroethane C 1.5E+ 01 2.8E+ 00 1.5E+ 02 2.8E+ 01 1.5E+ 03 2.8E+ 02 4.1E+ 02 71556 1,1,1 Trichloroethane NC 2.2E+ 03 4.0E+ 02 2.2E+ 04 4.0E+ 03 2.2E+ 05 4.0E+ 04 3.1E+ 03 79016 Trichloroethylene ** X C 2.2E+ 00 4.1E 01 2.2E+ 01 4.1E+ 00 2.2E+ 02 4.1E+ 01 5.3E+ 00 75694 Trichlorofluoromethane NC 7.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 1.2E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 1.2E+ 04 1.8E+ 02 96184 1,2,3 Trichloropropane NC 4.9E+ 00 8.1E 01 4.9E+ 01 8.1E+ 00 4.9E+ 02 8.1E+ 01 2.9E+ 02 95636 1,2,4 Trimethylbenzene NC 6.0E+ 00 1.2E+ 00 6.0E+ 01 1.2E+ 01 6.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 2.4E+ 01 DRAFT Table 2a November 20, 2002 Table 2a: Question 4 Generic Screening Levels and Summary Sheet 1 Risk = 1 x 10 4 Basis of Target Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Indoor Air Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Deep Soil Gas Concentration Target Groundwater Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor =

0.001 and Partitioning Across the Water Table Obeys Henry's Law Measured or Reasonably Estimated Groundwater Concentration C= cancer risk [ if available] [ if available] [ if available] Cgw [ if available]

CAS No. Chemical NC= noncancer risk ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ L) ( specify units)

Target Indoor Air Concentration to Satisfy Both the Prescribed Risk Level and the Target Hazard Index [ R= 10 4, HI= 1) Target Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.1 Target Deep Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.01 Ctarget Csoil gas Csoil gas Compounds with Provisional Toxicity Data Extrapolated From Oral Sources 108678 1,3,5 Trimethylbenzene NC 6.0E+ 00 1.2E+ 00 6.0E+ 01 1.2E+ 01 6.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 2.5E+ 01 108054 Vinyl acetate NC 2.0E+ 02 5.7E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 5.7E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 5.7E+ 03 9.6E+ 03 75014 Vinyl chloride ( chloroethene) C 2.8E+ 01 1.1E+ 01 2.8E+ 02 1.1E+ 02 2.8E+ 03 1.1E+ 03 2.5E+ 01 1 AF = 0.1 for Shallow Soil Gas Target Concentration AF = 0.01 for Deep Soil Gas Target Concentration AF = 0.001 for Groundwater Target Concentration ** Target soil gas concentration exceeds maximum possible vapor concentration ( pathway incomplete)

** The target concentration for trichloroethylene is based on the upper bound cancer slope factor identified in EPA's draft risk assessment for trichloroethylene ( US EPA, 2001). The slope factor is based on state of the art methodology, however the TCE assessment is still undergoing review. As a result, the slope factor and the target concentration values for TCE may be revised further. ( See Appendix D.)

* Health based target breathing concentration exceeds maximum possible chemical vapor concentration ( pathway incomplete)

* The target groundwater concentration is the MCL. ( The MCL for chloroform is the MCL for total Trihalomethanes. The MCL listed for m Xylene, o Xylene, and p Xylene is the MCL for total Xylenes.)

DRAFT Table 2a November 20, 2002 Table 2b: Question 4 Generic Screening Levels and Summary Sheet 1 Risk = 1 x 10 5 Basis of Target Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Indoor Air Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Deep Soil Gas Concentration Target Groundwater Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor =

0.001 and Partitioning Across the Water Table Obeys Henry's Law Measured or Reasonably Estimated Groundwater Concentration C= cancer risk [ if available] [ if available] [ if available] Cgw [ if available]

CAS No. Chemical NC= noncancer risk ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ L) ( specify units)

83329 Acenaphthene X NC 2.1E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 2.1E+ 03 3.3E+ 02 2.1E+ 04 3.3E+ 03 **

75070 Acetaldehyde NC 9.0E+ 00 5.0E+ 00 9.0E+ 01 5.0E+ 01 9.0E+ 02 5.0E+ 02 2.8E+ 03 67641 Acetone X NC 3.5E+ 02 1.5E+ 02 3.5E+ 03 1.5E+ 03 3.5E+ 04 1.5E+ 04 2.2E+ 05 75058 Acetonitrile NC 6.0E+ 01 3.6E+ 01 6.0E+ 02 3.6E+ 02 6.0E+ 03 3.6E+ 03 4.2E+ 04 98862 Acetophenone X NC 3.5E+ 02 7.1E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 7.1E+ 02 3.5E+ 04 7.1E+ 03 8.0E+ 05 107028 Acrolein NC 2.0E 02 8.7E 03 2.0E 01 8.7E 02 2.0E+ 00 8.7E 01 4.0E+ 00 107131 Acrylonitrile C 3.6E 01 1.7E 01 3.6E+ 00 1.7E+ 00 3.6E+ 01 1.7E+ 01 8.5E+ 01 309002 Aldrin C 5.0E 03 3.3E 04 5.0E 02 3.3E 03 5.0E 01 3.3E 02 7.1E 01 319846 alpha HCH ( alpha BHC) C 1.4E 02 1.1E 03 1.4E 01 1.1E 02 1.4E+ 00 1.1E 01 3.1E+ 01 100527 Benzaldehyde X NC 3.5E+ 02 8.1E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 8.1E+ 02 3.5E+ 04 8.1E+ 03 3.6E+ 05 71432 Benzene C 3.1E+ 00 9.8E 01 3.1E+ 01 9.8E+ 00 3.1E+ 02 9.8E+ 01 1.4E+ 01 205992 Benzo( b) fluoranthene X C 1.2E 01 1.1E 02 1.2E+ 00 1.1E 01 ** ** **

100447 Benzylchloride X C 5.0E 01 9.7E 02 5.0E+ 00 9.7E 01 5.0E+ 01 9.7E+ 00 3.0E+ 01 91587 beta Chloronaphthalene X NC 2.8E+ 02 4.2E+ 01 2.8E+ 03 4.2E+ 02 2.8E+ 04 4.2E+ 03 **

92524 Biphenyl X NC 1.8E+ 02 2.8E+ 01 1.8E+ 03 2.8E+ 02 1.8E+ 04 2.8E+ 03 **

111444 Bis( 2 chloroethyl) ether C 7.4E 02 1.3E 02 7.4E 01 1.3E 01 7.4E+ 00 1.3E+ 00 1.0E+ 02 108601 Bis( 2 chloroisopropyl) ether C 2.4E+ 00 3.5E 01 2.4E+ 01 3.5E+ 00 2.4E+ 02 3.5E+ 01 5.1E+ 02 542881 Bis( chloromethyl) ether C 3.9E 04 8.4E 05 3.9E 03 8.4E 04 3.9E 02 8.4E 03 4.5E 02 75274 Bromodichloromethane X C 1.4E+ 00 2.1E 01 1.4E+ 01 2.1E+ 00 1.4E+ 02 2.1E+ 01 2.1E+ 01 75252 Bromoform C 2.2E+ 01 2.1E+ 00 2.2E+ 02 2.1E+ 01 2.2E+ 03 2.1E+ 02 8.3E 02 106990 1,3 Butadiene C 8.7E 02 3.9E 02 8.7E 01 3.9E 01 8.7E+ 00 3.9E+ 00 2.9E 02 75150 Carbon disulfide NC 7.0E+ 02 2.2E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 2.2E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 2.2E+ 04 5.6E+ 02 56235 Carbon tetrachloride C 1.6E+ 00 2.6E 01 1.6E+ 01 2.6E+ 00 1.6E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 5.0E+ 00 *

57749 Chlordane C 2.4E 01 1.5E 02 2.4E+ 00 1.5E 01 2.4E+ 01 1.5E+ 00 **

126998 2 Chloro 1,3 butadiene ( chloroprene) NC 7.0E+ 00 1.9E+ 00 7.0E+ 01 1.9E+ 01 7.0E+ 02 1.9E+ 02 1.4E+ 01 108907 Chlorobenzene NC 6.0E+ 01 1.3E+ 01 6.0E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 6.0E+ 03 1.3E+ 03 3.9E+ 02 109693 1 Chlorobutane X NC 1.4E+ 03 3.7E+ 02 1.4E+ 04 3.7E+ 03 1.4E+ 05 3.7E+ 04 2.0E+ 03 124481 Chlorodibromomethane X C 1.0E+ 00 1.2E 01 1.0E+ 01 1.2E+ 00 1.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 01 3.2E+ 01 75456 Chlorodifluoromethane NC 5.0E+ 04 1.4E+ 04 5.0E+ 05 1.4E+ 05 ** ** **

75003 Chloroethane ( ethyl chloride) NC 1.0E+ 04 3.8E+ 03 1.0E+ 05 3.8E+ 04 1.0E+ 06 3.8E+ 05 2.8E+ 04 67663 Chloroform C 1.1E+ 00 2.2E 01 1.1E+ 01 2.2E+ 00 1.1E+ 02 2.2E+ 01 8.0E+ 01 *

95578 2 Chlorophenol X NC 1.8E+ 01 3.3E+ 00 1.8E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 1.8E+ 03 3.3E+ 02 1.1E+ 03 75296 2 Chloropropane NC 1.0E+ 02 3.2E+ 01 1.0E+ 03 3.2E+ 02 1.0E+ 04 3.2E+ 03 1.7E+ 02 218019 Chrysene X C 1.2E+ 01 1.2E+ 00 ** ** ** ** **

156592 cis 1,2 Dichloroethylene X NC 3.5E+ 01 8.8E+ 00 3.5E+ 02 8.8E+ 01 3.5E+ 03 8.8E+ 02 2.1E+ 02 123739 Crotonaldehyde ( 2 butenal) X C 4.5E 02 1.6E 02 4.5E 01 1.6E 01 4.5E+ 00 1.6E+ 00 5.6E+ 01 98828 Cumene NC 4.0E+ 02 8.1E+ 01 4.0E+ 03 8.1E+ 02 4.0E+ 04 8.1E+ 03 8.4E+ 00 Target Indoor Air Concentration to Satisfy Both the Prescribed Risk Level and the Target Hazard Index [ R= 10 5, HI= 1) Target Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.1 Target Deep Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.01 Ctarget Csoil gas Csoil gas Compounds with Provisional Toxicity Data Extrapolated From Oral Sources DRAFT Table 2b November 20, 2002 Table 2b: Question 4 Generic Screening Levels and Summary Sheet 1 Risk = 1 x 10 5 Basis of Target Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Indoor Air Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Measured or Reasonably Estimated Deep Soil Gas Concentration Target Groundwater Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor =

0.001 and Partitioning Across the Water Table Obeys Henry's Law Measured or Reasonably Estimated Groundwater Concentration C= cancer risk [ if available] [ if available] [ if available] Cgw [ if available]

CAS No. Chemical NC= noncancer risk ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ m3) ( ppbv) ( specify units) ( ug/ L) ( specify units)

Target Indoor Air Concentration to Satisfy Both the Prescribed Risk Level and the Target Hazard Index [ R= 10 5, HI= 1) Target Shallow Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.1 Target Deep Soil Gas Concentration Corresponding to Target Indoor Air Concentration Where the Soil Gas to Indoor Air Attenuation Factor= 0.01 Ctarget Csoil gas Csoil gas Compounds with Provisional Toxicity Data Extrapolated From Oral Sources 72559 DDE X C 2.5E 01 1.9E 02 2.5E+ 00 1.9E 01 2.5E+ 01 1.9E+ 00 **

132649 Dibenzofuran X NC 1.4E+ 01 2.0E+ 00 1.4E+ 02 2.0E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.0E+ 02 **

96128 1,2 Dibromo 3 chloropropane NC 2.0E 01 2.1E 02 2.0E+ 00 2.1E 01 2.0E+ 01 2.1E+ 00 3.3E+ 01 106934 1,2 Dibromoethane ( ethylene dibromide) C 1.1E 01 1.4E 02 1.1E+ 00 1.4E 01 1.1E+ 01 1.4E+ 00 3.6E+ 00 541731 1,3 Dichlorobenzene X NC 1.1E+ 02 1.7E+ 01 1.1E+ 03 1.7E+ 02 1.1E+ 04 1.7E+ 03 8.3E+ 02 95501 1,2 Dichlorobenzene NC 2.0E+ 02 3.3E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 3.3E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 3.3E+ 03 2.6E+ 03 106467 1,4 Dichlorobenzene NC 8.0E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 8.0E+ 03 1.3E+ 03 8.0E+ 04 1.3E+ 04 8.2E+ 03 75718 Dichlorodifluoromethane NC 2.0E+ 02 4.0E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 4.0E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 4.0E+ 03 1.4E+ 01 75343 1,1 Dichloroethane NC 5.0E+ 02 1.2E+ 02 5.0E+ 03 1.2E+ 03 5.0E+ 04 1.2E+ 04 2.2E+ 03 107062 1,2 Dichloroethane C 9.4E 01 2.3E 01 9.4E+ 00 2.3E+ 00 9.4E+ 01 2.3E+ 01 2.3E+ 01 75354 1,1 Dichloroethylene NC 2.0E+ 02 5.0E+ 01 2.0E+ 03 5.0E+ 02 2.0E+ 04 5.0E+ 03 1.9E+ 02 78875 1,2 Dichloropropane NC 4.0E+ 00 8.7E 01 4.0E+ 01 8.7E+ 00 4.0E+ 02 8.7E+ 01 3.5E+ 01 542756 1,3 Dichloropropene C 6.1E+ 00 1.3E+ 00 6.1E+ 01 1.3E+ 01 6.1E+ 02 1.3E+ 02 8.4E+ 00 60571 Dieldrin C 5.3E 03 3.4E 04 5.3E 02 3.4E 03 5.3E 01 3.4E 02 8.6E+ 00 115297 Endosulfan X NC 2.1E+ 01 1.3E+ 00 2.1E+ 02 1.3E+ 01 ** ** **

106898 Epichlorohydrin NC 1.0E+ 00 2.6E 01 1.0E+ 01 2.6E+ 00 1.0E+ 02 2.6E+ 01 8.0E+ 02 60297 Ethyl ether X NC 7.0E+ 02 2.3E+ 02 7.0E+ 03 2.3E+ 03 7.0E+ 04 2.3E+ 04 5.2E+ 02 141786 Ethylacetate X NC 3.2E+ 03 8.7E+ 02 3.2E+ 04 8.7E+ 03 3.2E+ 05 8.7E+ 04 5.6E+ 05 100414 Ethylbenzene C 2.2E+ 01 5.1E+ 00 2.2E+ 02 5.1E+ 01 2.2E+ 03 5.1E+ 02 7.0E+ 02 *

75218 Ethylene oxide C 2.4E 01 1.4E 01 2.4E+ 00 1.4E+ 00 2.4E+ 01 1.4E+ 01 1.1E+ 01 97632 Ethylmethacrylate X NC 3.2E+ 02 6.8E+ 01 3.2E+ 03 6.8E+ 02 3.2E+ 04 6.8E+ 03 9.1E+ 03 86737 Fluorene X NC 1.4E+ 02 2.1E+ 01 1.4E+ 03 2.1E+ 02 ** ** **