operations and could not be met by the proposed effective date of 90
days.
    One commenter on the 2012 proposal asserted that the EPA is not
required to impose the 90-day compliance period on area sources because
promulgation of section 112(f) standards is not required based on the
EPA's findings that the MIR for secondary aluminum area sources, based
on actual emissions, was 0.4-in-1 million. The commenter stated that
the EPA may grant up to a 3-year compliance deadline for area sources.
The commenter contended that, as a practical matter, the EPA should
provide a compliance period for area sources commensurate with the
several new administrative requirements for which more than 90 days are
required to achieve implementation. The commenter stated that, due to
the revisions required for facility operations and the time constraints
for revision and approval of an OM&M plan, the EPA should grant at
least a 1-year compliance period. The commenter described potential
time constraints.
    In a comment on the 2014 supplemental proposal, one commenter
stated that compliance deadlines for new standards developed under the
section 112 program must be set for a date that is as expeditious as
practicable, but no later than 3 years after rule implementation. The
commenter stated that the EPA is not required to impose the 180-day
compliance period on area sources because promulgation of section
112(f) standards is not required when the residual cancer risk under
the existing MACT standards are not equal to or greater than 1-in-1
million. The commenter stated that because of the low MIR from area
sources (0.6-in-1 million), the EPA was not required to promulgate
standards under 112(f); accordingly, the EPA may grant up to a three-
year compliance deadline for area sources. The commenter stated that
the EPA should provide a compliance period for area sources that is
commensurate with the several new administrative and monitoring
requirements for which more than 180 days are required to achieve full
implementation. The commenter provided the following example to
illustrate the need for a longer compliance period: Additional
monitoring requirements for capture and collection systems proposed in
40 CFR 63.1510(d)(2) may require installation of flow rate or pressure
monitoring equipment; these changes, and others proposed in the 2012
proposal, may require submittal of a revised OM&M plan to the
permitting authority; among the revisions to the OM&M plan under the
2012 proposal are new requirements for the inspection of capture and
collection systems and additional performance testing requirements; the
owner or operator may not begin operating under this revised OM&M plan
until approval is received from the permitting authority, or 60 days,
whichever is sooner. The commenter stated that, even to the extent that
the 2012 proposal provides for default approval of OM&M plans after 60
days, this only leaves the source with 120 days to install monitoring
equipment and implement the plan; this time frame is inappropriate. The
commenter stated that, due to the revisions required for facility
operations and the time restraints for revision and approval of an OM&M
plan, the EPA should grant at least a 1-year compliance period.
    Response: As discussed in the 2014 supplemental proposal, the EPA
agrees with the commenters on the 2012 proposal that the proposed 90-
day compliance deadline is insufficient for sources to comply with
certain provisions of the final rule and is finalizing extended
compliance periods. The final compliance dates are the same as those
proposed in the 2014 supplemental proposal, on which we received only
one comment. As these amendments clarify existing requirements, and
based on the lack of supporting information for the commenter's
conclusory assertion that 2 years is insufficient, we do not agree that
any of the revisions warrant an extension beyond 2 years to a 3-year
compliance period. Regarding the commenter's concern that small
producers would need 2 to 3 years to budget for large capital and
resource costs, we determined in our economic and small business
analysis (see section VI.C of this action) that 28 entities will incur
costs associated with this rule and, of the 28 entities, nine of them
are small based on the definition of the Small Business Administration.
Of these nine small businesses, all are estimated to experience a
negative cost (i.e., a cost savings) as a result of the final rule.
Therefore, we do not agree that more than a 2-year compliance period is
necessary.
    As a result of comments on the 2012 proposal, the final rule does
not contain the 60-day approval period for OM&M plans. Therefore, the
industry will have the full 180 days for compliance rather than a 120-
day compliance period as was a concern of one commenter. The final rule
retains the 2-year compliance period for those requirements listed in
40 CFR 63.1501(e). The final rule does not change the requirement that
existing major sources conduct performance tests every 5 years.
    The EPA disagrees that additional time is needed to comply with the
changes related to SSM. The Court issued a decision on December 19,
2008, to vacate SSM provisions in the General Provisions. Sierra Club
v. EPA, 551 F.3d 1019 (D.C. Cir. 2008). The EPA issued a letter on July
22, 2009, addressing the impact of the decision. The court mandate
implementing the Sierra Club decision was issued on October 16, 2009,
at which time the SSM provisions were clearly no longer in effect. As
explained in the July 2009 memo, SSM provisions in specific subparts,
such as those in Subpart RRR, were directly affected by the court
decision. In addition, amendments to Subpart RRR were proposed on
February 14, 2012, at which time secondary aluminum facilities were put
on notice of the specific amendments to Subpart RRR in response to the
Court's vacatur of the SSM provisions. Thus, facilities have had ample
notice that the EPA would make the SSM rule changes. As a result, the
SSM-related rule changes are effective upon promulgation of the final
rule. See also discussion in section III.C of this preamble.
    Comment: Two commenters on the 2012 proposal requested changes to
the new hooding requirement in 40 CFR 63.1512(e)(4), requiring
compliance ``at the next required performance test'' even if the test
must be performed ``90 days from promulgation of the final rule''
[Sec.  63.1501(d)]. The commenters explained that this compliance
deadline may be acceptable for facilities that are not required to
conduct performance testing in the first few years following

promulgation of the final rule, but other facilities are on a testing
cycle that would require testing soon after promulgation and these
facilities may not have time to install hoods and/or modify operating
practices within the allotted 90 days. The commenters stated that
according to the NESHAP General Provisions, test protocols must be
submitted 60 days before a compliance test, so facilities required to
test early in 2013 would have as little as 30 days after the final rule
to address the new hooding requirements and other requirements of the
final rule before submitting a test plan. The commenters did not
believe that this timeline is practicable or reasonable. The commenters
requested the EPA to revise the compliance date for capture hoods on
uncontrolled furnaces (in Sec.  63.1512 (e)(4)) to say: ``three years
after the final promulgation date or at the next required performance
test, whichever date is later.''
    Response: The EPA agrees with the commenters that the time
available for owners or operators of facilities with performance
testing required under 40 CFR 63.1512(e)(4) and occurring near the
proposed 90-day compliance deadline would be insufficient. As described
above, in the final rule the requirement to account for unmeasured
emissions during uncontrolled group 1 furnace performance testing
applies to testing beginning 2 years after publication of the final
rule in the Federal Register. Therefore, a source with their next
required performance test of an uncontrolled group 1 furnace occurring
at least 2 years after promulgation would have to comply with the
testing provisions in 40 CFR 63.1512(e)(4). A source with their next
required performance test of an uncontrolled group 1 furnace occurring
1 year (or any period less than 2 years) after promulgation would not
be required to do so until the subsequent performance test. As these
amendments clarify existing requirements, and based on the lack of
supporting information for the commenter's conclusory assertion that 2
years is insufficient, we do not agree that any of the revisions
warrant an extension beyond 2 years to a 3-year compliance period.
4. What is the rationale for our final approach related to compliance
dates?
    The rationale for the compliance dates is provided in the preamble
to the supplemental proposal and is re-iterated in the responses to
comments in the previous section of this preamble. The final rule
specifies the compliance dates for the new requirements. Compliance
with the provisions listed in 40 CFR 63.1501(d) is required 180 days
following publication of the final rule. Rule changes specified in
Sec.  63.1501(e)--furnace classification changes, HF testing and
testing uncontrolled furnaces--require more time, and the final rule
provides 2 years following publication of the final rule for
compliance.

V. Summary of Cost, Environmental and Economic Impacts and Additional
Analyses Conducted

A. What are the affected sources?

    We estimate that there are 161 secondary aluminum production
facilities that will be affected by this final rule. We performed risk
modeling for 155 of these sources (52 of the 53 major sources and 103
of the 108 area sources). Six facilities that are subject to the
Secondary Aluminum NESHAP were not included in the risk assessment
input modeling files. The facilities that were not included in the risk
assessment input files included one major HAP source and five area HAP
sources. The major HAP source was not included because the secondary
aluminum equipment at the source consists of group 2 furnaces, for
which the EPA did not have HAP emissions estimates. The five area
sources were not included because they had no equipment subject to D/F
emission standards, which are the only standards in the NESHAP
applicable to area sources. We estimate that nine secondary aluminum
facilities have co-located primary aluminum operations. The affected
sources at secondary aluminum production facilities include new and
existing scrap shredders, thermal chip dryers, scrap dryer/delacquering
kiln/decoating kilns, group 2 furnaces, sweat furnaces, dross-only
furnaces, rotary dross cooler and secondary aluminum processing units
containing group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers.

B. What are the air quality impacts?

    The RTR analysis conducted for this rule does not support
increasing the stringency of the numerical emissions limits. This final
rule clarifies how uncontrolled furnaces are to conduct emissions
testing, revises the monitoring requirements for annual inspection of
capture/collection systems and makes other changes that correct and
clarify rule requirements and provisions. These final amendments are
not expected to achieve appreciable reductions in emissions, although
the final requirements for testing uncontrolled furnaces could result
in some unquantifiable emission reduction. Therefore, no quantifiable
air quality impacts are expected. However, these final amendments will
help to improve compliance, monitoring and implementation of the rule.

C. What are the cost impacts?

    The total cost of the final amendments are the same as we described
in the supplemental proposal. We conservatively estimate the total cost
of the final amendments to be $1,711,000 per year (in 2011 dollars).
However, depending on assumptions used for the costs for installing
temporary hooding for uncontrolled furnaces, the estimate of total
annualized costs could range from $611,000 to $2,871,000 per year. Our
estimate for the source category includes an annualized cost of
$1,200,000 to $3,460,000 for installing hooding that meets ACGIH
guidelines for testing uncontrolled furnaces, assuming that 107
furnaces choose that option (rather than assuming an 80-percent capture
efficiency for their existing furnace exhaust system). We believe that
a number of these 107 furnaces will choose to apply the 80-percent
assumption rather than install temporary hooding. Our estimates do not
include deductions for the exclusion of existing round top furnaces as
provided in the final rule. Therefore, these total cost estimates are
considered conservative (more likely to be overestimates rather than
underestimates) of the total costs to the industry. Our estimates of
total costs also include an annualized cost of $11,000 for testing for
HF on uncontrolled furnaces that are already testing for HCl. Finally,
we estimate cost savings of $600,000 per year for furnaces that change
furnace operating modes and turn off their control devices. Our
estimate of savings is based on 50 furnaces turning off their controls
for approximately 6 months every year. This savings reflects the cost
of testing (to demonstrate these furnaces remain in compliance with
emission limits) minus the savings realized from operating with the
control devices turned off.
    We estimate that 57 facilities will be affected and that the cost
per facility ranges from negative $36,000 (a cost savings) per year for
a facility changing furnace operating modes to $216,500 per year for a
facility installing hooding for testing.
    The estimated costs are explained further in the document titled,
Cost Estimate for Rule Changes to Secondary Aluminum NESHAP, which is
available in the docket for this action.

D. What are the economic impacts?

    We performed an economic impact analysis for the amendments in this
final rule. This analysis estimates impacts based on using annualized
cost-to-sales ratios for affected firms. For the 28 parent firms
affected by this final rule, the cost-to-sales estimate for each parent
firm is less than 0.1 percent. For more information, please refer to
the document titled, Economic Impact Analysis for the Secondary
Aluminum Supplemental Proposal, which is available in the docket.

E. What are the benefits?

    We do not anticipate any significant reductions in HAP emissions as
a result of these final amendments. However, we think that they will
help to improve the clarity of the rule, which can improve compliance
and minimize emissions. Certain provisions also provide operational
flexibility with no increase in HAP emissions.

F. What analysis of environmental justice did we conduct?

    We did not conduct an assessment of risks to individual demographic
groups for this rulemaking. However, we did conduct a proximity
analysis for both area and major sources, which identifies any
overrepresentation of minority, low income or indigenous populations
near facilities in the source category. The results of the proximity
analyses suggested there are a higher percentage of minorities, people
with low income, and people without a high school diploma living near
these facilities (i.e., within 3 miles) compared to the national
averages for these subpopulations. However, the risks due to HAP
emissions from this source category are low for all populations (e.g.,
inhalation cancer risks are less than 1-in-1 million for all
populations and non-cancer HIs are less than 1). We note that we do not
expect this final rule to achieve reductions in HAP emissions. We
conclude that this rule will not have disproportionately high and
adverse human health or environmental effects on minority or low-income
populations because it does not affect the level of protection provided
to human health or the environment. However, the final rule will
provide additional benefits to these and all demographic groups by
improving the compliance, monitoring and implementation of the NESHAP.

G. What analysis of children's environmental health did we conduct?

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885,
April 23, 1997) because it is not economically significant as defined
in Executive Order 12866, and because the Agency does not believe the
environmental health risks or safety risks addressed by this action
present a disproportionate risk to children. The risk assessment
report, Residual Risk Assessment for the Secondary Aluminum Production
Source Category in Support of the 2015 Risk and Technology Review Final
Rule, which is available in the docket, estimated that no one is
exposed to an inhalation cancer risk at or above 1-in-1 million or a
chronic noncancer TOSHI greater than one due to emissions from the
source category. The 2015 Environmental Justice Screening Report for
Secondary Aluminum Major Sources and the 2015 Environmental Justice
Screening Report for Secondary Aluminum Area Sources, also available in
the docket, indicate the percentages for all demographic groups exposed
to various risk levels, including children, are similar to their
respective nationwide percentages. All groups are exposed to cancer
risks below 1-in-1 million and HIs less than 1 due to inhalation
exposure to HAP emissions from this source category.

VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders
can be found at http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders.

A. Executive Orders 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
for review.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    The information collection requirements in this rule have been
submitted for approval to the OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44
U.S.C. 3501 et seq. The information collection requirements are not
enforceable until OMB approves them.
    We are establishing new paperwork requirements for the Secondary
Aluminum Production source category to improve enforcement of and
compliance with 40 CFR part 63, subpart RRR. The new requirements are
in the form of recordkeeping and reporting for furnace classification
changes and recordkeeping with regard to verification of lime injection
rates. New monitoring requirements include testing for HF, and testing
related to furnace classification changes. The information requirements
are based on notification, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in
the NESHAP General Provisions (40 CFR part 63, subpart A), which
generally apply to all operators subject to Part 63 national emissions
standards. These recordkeeping and reporting requirements are
specifically authorized by CAA section 114 (42 U.S.C. 7414). All
information submitted to the EPA pursuant to the recordkeeping and
reporting requirements for which a claim of confidentiality is made is
safeguarded according to agency policies set forth in 40 CFR part 2,
subpart B.
    We estimate 161 regulated entities are currently subject to Subpart
RRR. The annual monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping burden for this
collection (averaged over the first 3 years after the effective date of
the rule) for these amendments to Subpart RRR is estimated to be
$2,990,000 per year. This includes 1,694 labor hours per year at a
total labor cost of $162,000 per year, and total non-labor capital and
operation and maintenance (O&M) costs of $2,828,000 per year. The total
burden for the federal government (averaged over the first 3 years
after the effective date of the rule) is estimated to be 271 labor
hours per year at an annual cost of $12,231. Burden is defined at 5 CFR
1320.3(b).
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a
currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for the
EPA's regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9. When this ICR
is approved by OMB, the Agency will publish a technical amendment to 40
CFR part 9 in the Federal Register to display the OMB control number
for the approved information collection requirements contained in this
final rule.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. The
small entities subject to the requirements of this action are small
businesses. We determined in the economic and small business analysis
that, using the results from the cost memorandum, 28 entities will
incur costs associated with the final rule. Of these 28 entities, nine
of them are small. Of these nine, all of them are estimated to
experience a negative cost (i.e., a cost savings) as a result of the
final rule according to our analysis. For more information, please
refer to the Economic Impact Analysis for the Secondary Aluminum
Supplemental

Proposal, which is available in the docket.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million or
more as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not
significantly or uniquely affect small governments.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have tribal implications, as specified in
Executive Order 13175. There are no secondary aluminum production
facilities owned or operated by tribal governments. Thus, Executive
Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it is
not economically significant as defined in Executive Order 12866, and
because the EPA does not believe the environmental health or safety
risks addressed by this action present a disproportionate risk to
children. This action's health and risk assessments are contained in
the Residual Risk Assessment for the Secondary Aluminum Production
Source Category in Support of the 2015 Risk and Technology Review Final
Rule, which is available in the docket for this action, and are
discussed in section V.G of this preamble.

H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 because it is
not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.

I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR
Part 51

    This final action involves technical standards. The EPA decided to
allow the use of ASTM D7520-13, Standard Test Method for Determining
the Opacity of a Plume in an Outdoor Ambient Atmosphere, approved
December 1, 2013, as an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 9 to meet
opacity measurement requirements and is incorporated by reference. The
alternative ASTM method determines the opacity of a plume using digital
imagery and associated hardware and software. The standard is available
from the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr
Harbor Drive, Post Office Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or
at their Web site, http://www.astm.org.
    Under the original 2000 subpart RRR, the EPA already allows the use
of EPA Methods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 23, 25A and 26A of 40 CFR part 60,
Appendix A. As a result of comments received on the 2012 proposal, EPA
Method 26 was identified as a reasonable alternative to EPA Method 26A
and EPA Method 204 was identified as a reasonable alternative method
for EPA Methods 1 and 2. Method 26A is applicable for determining
emissions of hydrogen halides and halogens from stationary sources.
This method collects the emission sample isokinetically and is
therefore particularly suited for sampling at sources, such as those
controlled by wet scrubbers, emitting acid particulate matter. Method
204 is used to determine whether a permanent or temporary enclosure
meets the criteria for a total enclosure. In this method, an enclosure
is evaluated against a set of criteria, which, if met and all the
exhaust gases from the enclosure are ducted to a control device, the
capture efficiency is assumed to be 100 percent. The EPA agrees that
EPA Methods 26 and 204 are acceptable alternatives for use in this
rule. These methods are existing EPA test methods and are not voluntary
consensus standards under NTTAA.
    EPA-625/3-89-016, Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks
Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins
and -Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update, March 1989, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, is a procedure for assessing the risks
associated with exposures to complex mixtures of chlorinated dibenzo-p-
dioxins and dibenzofurnas and relates the toxicity of the 210
structurally related chemical pollutants and is based on a limited data
base of in vivo and in vitro toxicity testing. This method is
incorporated by reference. The method is available from the National
Technical Information Service, 5301 Shawnee Road, Alexandria, VA 22312,
or at their Web site, http://www.ntis.gov.
    For the design and installation of capture and collection systems,
the EPA decided to allow the use of American Conference of Governmental
Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of
Recommended Practice for Design, 27th Edition, 2010 as an alternative
to Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice, 23rd
Edition, 1998, Chapter 3, ``Local Exhaust Hoods'' and Chapter 5,
``Exhaust System Design Procedure.'' The manuals present information on
design, maintenance and evaluation of industrial exhaust ventilation
systems. The manuals are available from ACGIH, Customer Service
Department, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45240, telephone
number<PHONE_NUMBER>.
    Under 40 CFR 63.7(f) and 40 CFR 63.8(f) of subpart A of the General
Provisions, a source may apply to the EPA for permission to use
alternative test methods or alternative monitoring requirements in
place of any required testing methods, performance specifications, or
procedures in this final rule.

J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    The EPA believes the human health or environmental risk addressed
by this action will not have potential disproportionately high and
adverse human health or environmental effects on minority, low income,
or indigenous populations because it does not affect the level of
protection provided to human health or the environment. This final rule
will not relax the emission limits on regulated sources and will not
result in emissions increases. The results of this evaluation are
contained in sections III.A, IV.A and V.F and V.G of this preamble.
    Because our residual risk assessment determined that there was
minimal residual risk associated with the emissions from facilities in
this source category, a demographic risk analysis was not necessary for
this category. However, the EPA did conduct a proximity analysis for
both area and major sources. The results of these analyses are
summarized in section IV.A of this preamble and in more detail in the
EJ Screening Report for Area Sources and the EJ Screening Report for
Major Sources, which are available in the docket for this rulemaking.

K. Congressional Review Act (CRA)

    This action is subject to the CRA, and the EPA will submit a rule
report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of
the United

States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C.
804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63

    Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedures,
Air pollution control, Hazardous substances, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.

    Dated: August 14, 2015.
Gina McCarthy,
Administrator.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental
Protection Agency is amending title 40, chapter I, part 63 of the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) as follows:

PART 63--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES

0
1. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

Subpart A--General Provisions

0
2. Section 63.14 is amended by:
0
a. Redesignating paragraphs (b) through (r) as (c) through (s);
0
b. Adding new paragraph (b);
0
c. Revising newly redesignated paragraph (h)(87);
0
d. Redesignating newly redesignated paragraphs (m)(3) through (m)(20)
as (m)(4) through (m)(21); and
0
e. Adding new paragraph (m)(3).
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Sec.  63.14  Incorporations by reference.

* * * * *
    (b) American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
(ACGIH), Customer Service Department, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45240, telephone number<PHONE_NUMBER>.
    (1) Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice, 23rd
Edition, 1998, Chapter 3, ``Local Exhaust Hoods'' and Chapter 5,
``Exhaust System Design Procedure.'' IBR approved for Sec. Sec.
63.1503, 63.1506(c), 63.1512(e), Table 2 to Subpart RRR, Table 3 to
Subpart RRR, and Appendix A to Subpart RRR.
    (2) Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice for
Design, 27th Edition, 2010. IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  63.1503,
63.1506(c), 63.1512(e), Table 2 to Subpart RRR, Table 3 to Subpart RRR,
and Appendix A to Subpart RRR.
* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (87) ASTM D7520-13, Standard Test Method for Determining the
Opacity of a Plume in an Outdoor Ambient Atmosphere, approved December
1, 2013. IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  63.1510(f), 63.1511(d),
63.1512(a), 63.1517(b) and 63.1625(b).
* * * * *
    (m) * * *
    (3) EPA-625/3-89-016, Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks
Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins
and -Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update, March 1989. IBR
approved for Sec.  63.1513(d).
* * * * *

Subpart RRR--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants for Secondary Aluminum Production

0
3. Revise Sec.  63.1501 to read as follows:

Sec.  63.1501  Dates.

    (a) An affected source constructed before February 11, 1999, must
comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 24, 2003, except
as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c).
    (b) The owner or operator of an affected source constructed before
February 14, 2012, must comply with the following requirements of this
subpart by March 16, 2016: Sec.  63.1505(k) introductory text, (k)(1)
through (k)(5), other than the emission standards for HF in (k)(2);
Sec.  63.1506 (a)(1), (c)(1), (g)(5), (k)(3), (m)(4), (m)(7), (n)(1);
Sec.  63.1510 (b)(5), (b)(9), (d)(2), (d)(3),(f)(1)(ii), (i)(4),
(j)(4), (n)(1), (o)(1), (o)(1)(ii), (s)(2)(iv), (t) introductory text,
(t)(2)(i), (t)(2)(ii), (t)(4), (t)(5); Sec.  63.1511(a) introductory
text, (b) introductory text, (b)(1), (b)(3), (b)(6), (c)(9), (g)(5);
Sec.  63.1512(e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(3), (h)(2), (j), (j)(1)(i), (j)(2)(i),
(o) introductory text, (o)(1), (o)(3), (p)(2); Sec.  63.1513 (b)(1),
(e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(3), (f); Sec.  63.1516 (b) introductory text,
(b)(2)(vii), (b)(3)(i); Sec.  63.1517(b)(1)(iii), (b)(4)(ii), (b)(14),
(b)(19).
    (c) The owner or operator of an affected source constructed before
February 14, 2012, must comply with the following requirements of this
subpart by September 18, 2017: Sec.  63.1505(i)(4) and (k)(2) emission
standards for HF; Sec.  63.1512(e)(4) through (7) requirements for
testing existing uncontrolled group 1 furnaces (that is, group 1
furnaces without add-on air pollution control devices); and Sec.
63.1514 requirements for change of furnace classification.
    (d) An affected source that commenced construction or
reconstruction after February 11, 1999 but before February 14, 2012
must comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 24, 2000 or
upon startup, whichever is later, except as provided in paragraphs (b),
(c), (e), and (f) of this section.
    (e) The owner or operator of an affected source that commences
construction or reconstruction after February 14, 2012, must comply
with all the requirements of this subpart by September 18, 2015 or upon
startup, whichever is later.
    (f) The owner or operator of any affected source which is
constructed or reconstructed after February 11, 1999, but before
February 14, 2012 at any existing aluminum die casting facility,
aluminum foundry, or aluminum extrusion facility which otherwise meets
the applicability criteria set forth in Sec.  63.1500 must comply with
the requirements of this subpart by March 24, 2003 or upon startup,
whichever is later, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of
this section. The owner or operator of any affected source which is
constructed or reconstructed after February 14, 2012, at any existing
aluminum die casting facility, aluminum foundry, or aluminum extrusion
facility which otherwise meets the applicability criteria set forth in
Sec.  63.1500 must comply with the requirements by September 18, 2015
or upon startup, whichever is later.

Sec.  63.1502  [Removed and Reserved]

0
4. Remove and reserve Sec.  63.1502.

0
5. Section 63.1503 is amended by:
0
a. Adding in alphabetical order a definition of ``ACGIH Guidelines'';
0
b. Revising the definition of ``aluminum scrap shredder'';
0
c. Adding in alphabetical order definitions of ``bale breaker'' and
``capture and collection system'';
0
d. Revising the definitions of ``clean charge,'' ``cover flux,''
``Group 2 furnace,'' and ``HCl'';
0
e. Adding in alphabetical order a definition of ``HF'';
0
f. Revising the definition of ``residence time'';
0
g. Adding in alphabetical order a definition of ``round top furnace'';
0
h. Revising the definitions of ``scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/
decoating kiln'' and ``secondary aluminum processing unit (SAPU)''; and
0
i. Adding in alphabetical order definitions of ``shutdown,''
``startup,'' ``tap,'' and ``total reactive fluorine flux injection
rate''.
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Sec.  63.1503  Definitions.

* * * * *
    ACGIH Guidelines means chapters 3 and 5 of Industrial Ventilation:
A Manual of Recommended Practice 23rd

edition or appropriate chapters of Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of
Recommended Practice for Design 27th edition (incorporated by
reference, see Sec.  63.14).
* * * * *
    Aluminum scrap shredder means a high speed or low speed unit that
crushes, grinds, granulates, shears or breaks aluminum scrap into a
more uniform size prior to processing or charging to a scrap dryer/
delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, or furnace. A bale breaker is not an
aluminum scrap shredder. Shearing and cutting operations performed at
rolling mills and aluminum finishing operations (such as slitters) are
not aluminum scrap shredders.
* * * * *
    Bale breaker means a device used to break apart a bale of aluminum
scrap for further processing. Bale breakers are not used to crush,
grind, granulate, shear or break aluminum scrap into more uniform size
pieces.
* * * * *
    Capture and collection system means the system, including duct
systems and fans, and, in some cases, hoods, used to collect a
contaminant at or near its source, and for affected sources equipped
with an air pollution control device, transport the contaminated air to
the air cleaning device.
* * * * *
    Clean charge means furnace charge materials, including molten
aluminum; T-bar; sow; ingot; billet; pig; alloying elements; aluminum
scrap known by the owner or operator to be entirely free of paints,
coatings, and lubricants; uncoated/unpainted aluminum chips that have
been thermally dried or treated by a centrifugal cleaner; aluminum
scrap dried at 343 [deg]C (650[emsp14][deg]F) or higher; aluminum scrap
delacquered/decoated at 482 [deg]C (900[emsp14][deg]F) or higher; and
runaround scrap. Anodized aluminum that contains dyes or sealants
containing organic compounds is not clean charge.
    Cover flux means salt added to the surface of molten aluminum in a
group 1 or group 2 furnace, without surface agitation of the molten
aluminum, for the purpose of preventing oxidation. Any flux added to a
rotary furnace is not a cover flux.
* * * * *
    Group 2 furnace means a furnace of any design that melts, holds, or
processes only clean charge and that performs no fluxing or performs
fluxing using only nonreactive, non-HAP-containing/non-HAP-generating
gases or agents. Unheated pots, to which no flux is added and that are
used to transport metal, are not furnaces.
    HCl means hydrogen chloride.
    HF means hydrogen fluoride.
* * * * *
    Residence time means, for an afterburner, the duration of time
required for gases to pass through the afterburner combustion zone.
Residence time is calculated by dividing the afterburner combustion
zone volume in cubic feet by the volumetric flow rate of the gas stream
in actual cubic feet per second. The combustion zone volume includes
the reaction chamber of the afterburner in which the waste gas stream
is exposed to the direct combustion flame and the complete refractory
lined portion of the furnace stack up to the measurement thermocouple.
* * * * *
    Round top furnace means a cylindrically-shaped reverberatory
furnace that has a top that is removed for charging and other furnace
operations.
* * * * *
    Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln means a unit used
primarily to remove various organic contaminants such as oil, paint,
lacquer, ink, plastic, and/or rubber from aluminum scrap (including
used beverage containers) prior to melting, or that separates aluminum
foil from paper and plastic in scrap.
    Secondary aluminum processing unit (SAPU). An existing SAPU means
all existing group 1 furnaces and all existing in-line fluxers within a
secondary aluminum production facility. Each existing group 1 furnace
or existing in-line fluxer is considered an emission unit within a
secondary aluminum processing unit. A new SAPU means any combination of
individual group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers within a secondary
aluminum processing facility which either were constructed or
reconstructed after February 11, 1999, or have been permanently
redesignated as new emission units pursuant to Sec.  63.1505(k)(6).
Each of the group 1 furnaces or in-line fluxers within a new SAPU is
considered an emission unit within that secondary aluminum processing
unit. A secondary aluminum production facility may have more than one
new SAPU.
* * * * *
    Shutdown means the period of operation for thermal chip dryers,
scrap dryers/delacquering kilns, decoating kilns, dross-only furnaces,
group 1 furnaces, in-line fluxers, sweat furnaces and group 2 furnaces
that begins when the introduction of feed/charge is intentionally
halted, the source of heat to the emissions unit is turned off, and
product has been removed from the emission unit to the greatest extent
practicable (e.g., by tapping a furnace). Shutdown ends when the
emission unit is near ambient temperature.
* * * * *
    Startup means the period of operation for thermal chip dryers,
scrap dryers/delacquering kilns, decoating kilns, dross-only furnaces,
group 1 furnaces, in-line fluxers, sweat furnaces and group 2 furnaces
that begins with equipment warming from a shutdown, that is, the
equipment is at or near ambient temperature. Startup ends at the point
that flux or feed/charge is introduced.
* * * * *
    Tap means the end of an operating cycle of any individual furnace
when processed molten aluminum is poured from that furnace.
* * * * *
    Total reactive fluorine flux injection rate means the sum of the
total weight of fluorine in the gaseous or liquid reactive flux added
to an uncontrolled group 1 furnace, and the total weight of fluorine in
the solid reactive flux added to an uncontrolled group 1 furnace,
divided by the total weight of feed/charge, as determined by the
procedure in Sec.  63.1512(o).

0
6. Section 63.1505 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (i)(4), (k)
introductory text, (k)(1) through (3), and (k)(6) to read as follows:

Sec.  63.1505  Emission standards for affected sources and emission
units.

    (a) Summary. The owner or operator of a new or existing affected
source must comply at all times with each applicable limit in this
section, including periods of startup and shutdown. Table 1 to this
subpart summarizes the emission standards for each type of source.
* * * * *
    (i) * * *
    (4) 0.20 kg of HF per Mg (0.40 lb of HF per ton) of feed/charge
from an uncontrolled group 1 furnace and 0.20 kg of HCl per Mg (0.40 lb
of HCl per ton) of feed/charge or, if the furnace is equipped with an
add-on air pollution control device, 10 percent of the uncontrolled HCl
emissions, by weight, for a group 1 furnace at a secondary aluminum
production facility that is a major source.
* * * * *
    (k) Secondary aluminum processing unit. The owner or operator must
comply with the emission limits

calculated using the equations for PM, HCl and HF in paragraphs (k)(1)
and (2) of this section for each secondary aluminum processing unit at
a secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source. The
owner or operator must comply with the emission limit calculated using
the equation for D/F in paragraph (k)(3) of this section for each
secondary aluminum processing unit at a secondary aluminum production
facility that is a major or area source.
    (1) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be
discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average
emissions of PM in excess of:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.007

Where:
LtiPM = The PM emission limit for individual emission
unit i in paragraph (i)(1) and (2) of this section for a group 1
furnace or in paragraph (j)(2) of this section for an in-line
fluxer;
Tti = The mass of feed/charge for 24 hours for individual
emission unit i; and
LcPM = The daily PM emission limit for the secondary
aluminum processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-
hour PM emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

    Note: In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials cannot be
included in this calculation since they are not subject to the PM
limit.

    (2) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be
discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average
emissions of HCl or HF in excess of:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.008

Where:
LtiHCl/HF = The HCl emission limit for individual
emission unit i in paragraph (i)(4) of this section for a group 1
furnace or in paragraph (j)(1) of this section for an in-line
fluxer; or the HF emission limit for individual emission unit i in
paragraph (i)(4) of this section for an uncontrolled group 1
furnace; and
LcHCl/HF = The daily HCl or HF emission limit for the
secondary aluminum processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-
day, 24-hour HCl or HF emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

    Note: Only uncontrolled group 1 furnaces are included in this HF
limit calculation. In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials
cannot be included in this calculation since they are not subject to
the HCl or HF limit.

    (3) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be
discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average
emissions of D/F in excess of:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.009

Where:
LtiD/F = The D/F emission limit for individual emission
unit i in paragraph (i)(3) of this section for a group 1 furnace;
and
LcD/F = The daily D/F emission limit for the secondary
aluminum processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-
hour D/F emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

    Note: Clean charge furnaces cannot be included in this
calculation since they are not subject to the D/F limit.

* * * * *
    (6) With the prior approval of the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources, an owner or operator
may redesignate any existing group 1 furnace or in-line fluxer at a
secondary aluminum production facility as a new emission unit. Any
emission unit so redesignated may thereafter be included in a new SAPU
at that facility. Any such redesignation will be solely for the purpose
of this NESHAP and will be irreversible.

0
7. Section 63.1506 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a)(1);
0
b. Adding paragraph (a)(5);
0
c. Revising paragraph (c)(1);
0
d. Adding paragraph (c)(4);
0
e. Revising paragraphs (g)(5), (k)(3), and (m)(4);
0
f. Adding paragraph (m)(7); and
0
g. Revising paragraph (n)(1).
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Sec.  63.1506  Operating requirements.

    (a) Summary. (1) The owner or operator must operate all new and
existing affected sources and control equipment according to the
requirements in this section. The affected sources, and their
associated control equipment, listed in Sec.  63.1500(c)(1) through (4)
of this subpart that are located at a secondary aluminum production
facility that is an area source are subject to the operating
requirements of paragraphs (b), (c), (d),

(f), (g), (h), (m), (n), and (p) of this section.
* * * * *
    (5) At all times, the owner or operator must operate and maintain
any affected source, including associated air pollution control
equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety
and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions.
Determination of whether such operation and maintenance procedures are
being used will be based on information available to the Administrator
which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of
operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and
maintenance records, and inspection of the source.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) Design and install a system for the capture and collection of
emissions to meet the engineering standards for minimum exhaust rates
or facial inlet velocities as contained in the ACGIH Guidelines
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  63.14);
* * * * *
    (4) In lieu of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the owner or
operator of a sweat furnace may design, install and operate each sweat
furnace in accordance with paragraphs (c)(4)(i) through (iii) of this
section.
    (i) As demonstrated by an annual negative air flow test conducted
in accordance with Sec.  63.1510(d)(3), air flow must be into the sweat
furnace or towards the plane of the sweat furnace opening.
    (ii) The owner or operator must maintain and operate the sweat
furnace in a manner consistent with the good practices requirements for
minimizing emissions, including unmeasured emissions, in paragraph
(a)(5) of this section. Procedures that will minimize unmeasured
emissions may include, but are not limited to the following:
    (A) Increasing the exhaust rate from the furnace with draft fans,
so as to capture emissions that might otherwise escape from the sweat
furnace opening;
    (B) Minimizing the time the sweat furnace doors are open;
    (C) Keeping building doors and other openings closed to the
greatest extent possible to minimize drafts that would divert emissions
from being drawn into the sweat furnace;
    (D) Maintaining burners on low-fire or pilot operation while the
doors are open;
    (E) Conducting periodic inspections and maintenance of sweat
furnace components to ensure their proper operation and performance
including but not limited to, door assemblies, seals, combustion
chamber refractory material, afterburner and stack refractory, blowers,
fans, dampers, burner tubes, door raise cables, pilot light assemblies,
baffles, sweat furnace and afterburner shells and other internal
structures.
    (iii) The owner or operator must document in their operation,
maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan the procedures to be used to
minimize emissions, including unmeasured emissions, in addition to the
procedures to ensure the proper operation and maintenance of the sweat
furnace.
* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (5) For a continuous injection device, maintain free-flowing lime
in the hopper to the feed device at all times and maintain the lime
feeder setting at or above the level established during the performance
test.
* * * * *
    (k) * * *
    (3) For a continuous injection system, maintain free-flowing lime
in the hopper to the feed device at all times and maintain the lime
feeder setting at or above the level established during the performance
test.
* * * * *
    (m) * * *
    (4) For a continuous lime injection system, maintain free-flowing
lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and maintain the
lime feeder setting at or above the level established during the
performance test.
* * * * *
    (7) The operation of capture/collection systems and control devices
associated with natural gas-fired, propane-fired or electrically heated
group 1 furnaces that will be idled for at least 24 hours after the
furnace cycle has been completed may be temporarily stopped. Operation
of these capture/collection systems and control devices must be
restarted before feed/charge, flux or alloying materials are added to
the furnace.
    (n) * * *
    (1) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate and
fluorine flux injection rate for each operating cycle or time period
used in the performance test, at or below the average rate established
during the performance test.
* * * * *

0
8. Section 63.1510 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraphs (a), (b) introductory text, and (b)(5);
0
b. Adding paragraph (b)(9);
0
c. Revising paragraph (d)(2) introductory text;
0
d. Adding paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (iv) and (d)(3);
0
e. Revising paragraphs (e) and (f)(1)(ii);
0
f. Adding paragraph (f)(4);
0
g. Revising paragraph (i)(3);
0
h. Adding paragraph (i)(4);
0
i. Revising paragraphs (j)(1)(ii), (j)(4), (n)(1) and (2), (o)(1),
(s)(2)(iv), (s)(3), and (t) introductory text;
0
j. Adding paragraphs (t)(2)(i) through (iii); and
0
k. Revising paragraphs (t)(4) and (5).
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Sec.  63.1510  Monitoring requirements.

    (a) Summary. The owner or operator of a new or existing affected
source or emission unit must monitor all control equipment and
processes according to the requirements in this section. Monitoring
requirements for each type of affected source and emission unit are
summarized in Table 3 to this subpart. Area sources are subject to
monitoring requirements for those affected sources listed in Sec.
63.1500(c)(1) through (4) of this subpart, and associated control
equipment as required by paragraphs (b) through (k), (n) through (q),
and (s) through (w) of this section, including but not limited to:
    (1) The OM&M plan required in paragraph (b) of this section
pertaining to each affected source listed in Sec.  63.1500(c)(1)
through (4) of this subpart,
    (2) The labeling requirements described in paragraph (c) of this
section pertaining to group 1 furnaces processing other than clean
charge, and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,
    (3) The requirements for capture and collection described in
paragraph (d) of this section for each controlled affected source
(i.e., affected sources with an add-on air pollution control device),
listed in Sec.  63.1500(c)(1) through (4) of this subpart,
    (4) The feed/charge weight monitoring requirements described in
paragraph (e) of this section applicable to group 1 furnaces processing
other than clean charge, scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns
and thermal chip dryers,
    (5) The bag leak detection system requirements described in
paragraph (f) of this section applicable to all bag leak detection
systems installed on fabric filters and lime injected fabric filters
used to control each affected source listed in Sec.  63.1500(c)(1)-(4)
of this subpart,
    (6) The requirements for afterburners described in paragraph (g) of
this

section applicable to sweat furnaces, thermal chip dryers, and scrap
dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,
    (7) The requirements for monitoring fabric filter inlet temperature
described in paragraph (h) of this section for all lime injected fabric
filters used to control group 1 furnaces processing other than clean
charge, sweat furnaces and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating
kilns,
    (8) The requirements for monitoring lime injection described in
paragraph (i) of this section applicable to all lime injected fabric
filters used to control emissions from group 1 furnaces processing
other than clean charge, thermal chip dryers, sweat furnaces and scrap
dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,
    (9) The requirements for monitoring total reactive flux injection
described in paragraph (j) of this section for all group 1 furnaces
processing other than clean charge,
    (10) The requirements described in paragraph (k) of this section
for thermal chip dryers,
    (11) The requirements described in paragraph (n) of this section
for controlled group 1 sidewell furnaces processing other than clean
charge,
    (12) The requirements described in paragraph (o) of this section
for uncontrolled group 1 sidewell furnaces processing other than clean
charge,
    (13) The requirements described in paragraph (p) of this section
for scrap inspection programs for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces,
    (14) The requirements described in paragraph (q) of this section
for monitoring scrap contamination level for uncontrolled group 1
furnaces,
    (15) The requirements described in paragraph (s) of this section
for secondary aluminum processing units, limited to compliance with
limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 furnaces processing other than
clean charge,
    (16) The requirements described in paragraph (t) of this section
for secondary aluminum processing units limited to compliance with
limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 furnaces processing other than
clean charge,
    (17) The requirements described in paragraph (u) of this section
for secondary aluminum processing units limited to compliance with
limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 furnaces processing other than
clean charge,
    (18) The requirements described in paragraph (v) of this section
for alternative lime addition monitoring methods applicable to lime-
injected fabric filters used to control emissions from group 1 furnaces
processing other than clean charge, thermal chip dryers, sweat furnaces
and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns, and
    (19) The requirements described in paragraph (w) of this section
for approval of alternate methods for monitoring group 1 furnaces
processing other than clean charge, thermal chip dryers, scrap dryer/
delacquering kiln/decoating kilns and sweat furnaces and associated
control devices for the control of D/F emissions.
    (b) Operation, maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan. The owner
or operator must prepare and implement for each new or existing
affected source and emission unit, a written OM&M plan. The owner or
operator of an existing affected source must submit the OM&M plan to
the permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for
area sources no later than the compliance date established by Sec.
63.1501(a). The owner or operator of any new affected source must
submit the OM&M plan to the permitting authority for major sources, or
the Administrator for area sources within 90 days after a successful
initial performance test under Sec.  63.1511(b), or within 90 days
after the compliance date established by Sec.  63.1501(b) if no initial
performance test is required. The plan must be accompanied by a written
certification by the owner or operator that the OM&M plan satisfies all
requirements of this section and is otherwise consistent with the
requirements of this subpart. The owner or operator must comply with
all of the provisions of the OM&M plan as submitted to the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources,
unless and until the plan is revised in accordance with the following
procedures. If the permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources determines at any time after receipt of
the OM&M plan that any revisions of the plan are necessary to satisfy
the requirements of this section or this subpart, the owner or operator
must promptly make all necessary revisions and resubmit the revised
plan. If the owner or operator determines that any other revisions of
the OM&M plan are necessary, such revisions will not become effective
until the owner or operator submits a description of the changes and a
revised plan incorporating them to the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources. Each plan must contain
the following information:
* * * * *
    (5) Procedures for monitoring process and control device
parameters, including lime injection rates, procedures for annual
inspections of afterburners, and if applicable, the procedure to be
used for determining charge/feed (or throughput) weight if a
measurement device is not used.
* * * * *
    (9) Procedures to be followed when changing furnace classifications
under the provisions of Sec.  63.1514.
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (2) Inspect each capture/collection and closed vent system at least
once each calendar year to ensure that each system is operating in
accordance with the operating requirements in Sec.  63.1506(c) and
record the results of each inspection. This inspection shall include a
volumetric flow rate measurement taken at a location in the ductwork
downstream of the hoods that is representative of the actual volumetric
flow rate without interference due to leaks, ambient air added for
cooling or ducts from other hoods. The flow rate measurement must be
performed in accordance with paragraphs (d)(2)(i), (ii), or (iii) of
this section. As an alternative to the flow rate measurement specified
in this paragraph, the inspection may satisfy the requirements of this
paragraph, including the operating requirements in Sec.  63.1506(c), by
including permanent total enclosure verification in accordance with
paragraph (d)(2)(i) or (iv) of this section. Inspections that fail to
successfully demonstrate that the requirements of Sec.  63.1506(c) are
met, must be followed by repair or adjustment to the system operating
conditions and a follow up inspection within 45 days to demonstrate
that Sec.  63.1506(c) requirements are fully met.
    (i) Conduct annual flow rate measurements using EPA Methods 1 and 2
in Appendix A to 40 CFR part 60, or conduct annual verification of a
permanent total enclosure using EPA Method 204; or you may follow one
of the three alternate procedures described in paragraphs (ii), (iii),
or (iv) of this section to maintain system operations in accordance
with an operating limit established during the performance test. The
operating limit is determined as the average reading of a parametric
monitoring instrument (Magnehelic[supreg], manometer, anemometer, or
other parametric monitoring instrument) and technique as described in
paragraphs (d)(2)(ii), (iii), and (iv) of this section. A deviation, as
defined in paragraphs (ii), (iii), and (iv) of this section, from the
parametric monitoring operating limit requires the owner or operator to
make

repairs or adjustments to restore normal operation within 45 days.
    (ii) As an alternative to annual flow rate measurements using EPA
Methods 1 and 2, measurement with EPA Methods 1 and 2 can be performed
once every 5 years, provided that:
    (A) A flow rate indicator consisting of a pitot tube and
differential pressure gauge (Magnehelic[supreg], manometer or other
differential pressure gauge) is installed with the pitot tube tip
located at a representative point of the duct proximate to the location
of the Methods 1 and 2 measurement site; and
    (B) The flow rate indicator is installed and operated in accordance
with the manufacturer's specifications; and
    (C) The differential pressure is recorded during the Method 2
performance test series; and
    (D) Daily differential pressure readings are made by taking three
measurements with at least 5 minutes between each measurement and
averaging the three measurements; and readings are recorded daily and
maintained at or above 90 percent of the average pressure differential
indicated by the flow rate indicator during the most recent Method 2
performance test series; and
    (E) An inspection of the pitot tube and associated lines for
damage, plugging, leakage and operational integrity is conducted at
least once per year; or
    (iii) As an alternative to annual flow rate measurements using EPA
Methods 1 and 2, measurement with EPA Methods 1 and 2 can be performed
once every 5 years, provided that:
    (A) Daily measurements of the capture and collection system's fan
revolutions per minute (RPM) or fan motor amperage (amps) are made by
taking three measurements with at least 5 minutes between each
measurement, and averaging the three measurements; and readings are
recorded daily and maintained at or above 90 percent of the average RPM
or amps measured during the most recent Method 2 performance test
series; or
    (B) A static pressure measurement device is installed in the duct
immediately downstream of the hood exit, and daily pressure readings
are made by taking three measurements with at least 5 minutes between
each measurement, and averaging the three measurements; and readings
are recorded daily and maintained at 90 percent or better of the
average vacuum recorded during the most recent Method 2 performance
test series; or
    (C) A hotwire anemometer, ultrasonic flow meter, cross-duct
pressure differential sensor, venturi pressure differential monitoring
or orifice plate equipped with an associated thermocouple and automated
data logging software and associated hardware is installed; and daily
readings are made by taking three measurements with at least 5 minutes
between each measurement, and averaging the three measurements; and
readings are recorded daily and maintained at 90 percent or greater of
the average readings during the most recent Method 2 performance test
series; or
    (D) For booth-type hoods, hotwire anemometer measurements of hood
face velocity are performed simultaneously with EPA Method 1 and 2
measurements, and the annual hood face velocity measurements confirm
that the enclosure draft is maintained at 90 percent or greater of the
average readings during the most recent Method 2 performance test
series. Daily readings are made by taking three measurements with at
least 5 minutes between each measurement, and averaging the three
measurements; and readings are recorded daily and maintained at 90
percent or greater of the average readings during the most recent
Method 1 and 2 performance test series.
    (iv) As an alternative to the annual verification of a permanent
total enclosure using EPA Method 204, verification can be performed
once every 5 years, provided that:
    (A) Negative pressure in the enclosure is directly monitored by a
pressure indicator installed at a representative location;
    (B) Pressure readings are recorded daily or the system is
interlocked to halt material feed should the system not operate under
negative pressure;
    (C) An inspection of the pressure indicator for damage and
operational integrity is conducted at least once per calendar year.
    (3) For sweat furnaces, in lieu of paragraph (d)(2) of this
section, the owner or operator of a sweat furnace may inspect each
sweat furnace at least once each calendar year to ensure that they are
being operated in accordance with the negative air flow requirements in
Sec.  63.1506(c)(4). The owner or operator of a sweat furnace must
demonstrate negative air flow into the sweat furnace in accordance with
paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section.
    (i) Perform an annual visual smoke test to demonstrate airflow into
the sweat furnace or towards the plane of the sweat furnace opening;
    (ii) Perform the smoke test using a smoke source, such as a smoke
tube, smoke stick, smoke cartridge, smoke candle or other smoke source
that produces a persistent and neutral buoyancy aerosol; and
    (iii) Perform the visual smoke test at a safe distance from and
near the center of the sweat furnace opening.
    (e) Feed/charge weight. The owner or operator of an affected source
or emission unit subject to an emission limit in kg/Mg (lb/ton) or
[micro]g/Mg (gr/ton) of feed/charge must install, calibrate, operate,
and maintain a device to measure and record the total weight of feed/
charge to, or the aluminum production from, the affected source or
emission unit over the same operating cycle or time period used in the
performance test. Feed/charge or aluminum production within SAPUs must
be measured and recorded on an emission unit-by-emission unit basis. As
an alternative to a measurement device, the owner or operator may use a
procedure acceptable to the permitting authority for major sources, or
the Administrator for area sources to determine the total weight of
feed/charge or aluminum production to the affected source or emission
unit.
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, calibrated,
operated, and maintained according to the manufacturer's operating
instructions.
* * * * *
    (4) As an alternative to the requirements of paragraph (f)(3) of
this section, the owner or operator of a new or existing aluminum scrap
shredder may measure the opacity of the emissions discharged through a
stack or stacks using ASTM Method D7520-13 (incorporated by reference,
see Sec.  63.14) subject to the requirements of paragraphs Sec.
63.1510(f)(4)(i) through (iv) of this section. Each test must consist
of five 6-minute observations in a 30-minute period.
    (i) During the digital camera opacity technique (DCOT)
certification procedure outlined in Section 9.2 of ASTM D7520-13, the
owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must present the plumes in front
of various backgrounds of color and contrast representing conditions
anticipated during field use such as blue sky, trees, and mixed
backgrounds (clouds and/or a sparse tree stand).
    (ii) The owner or operator must also have standard operating
procedures in place including daily or other frequency quality checks
to ensure that equipment is within manufacturing specifications as
outlined in Section 8.1 of ASTM D7520-13.
    (iii) The owner or operator must follow the recordkeeping
procedures

outlined in Sec.  63.10(b)(1) for DCOT certification, compliance
report, data sheets and all raw unaltered JPEGs used for opacity and
certification determination.
    (iv) The owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must have a minimum
of four (4) independent technology users apply the software to
determine the visible opacity of the 300 certification plumes. For each
set of 25 plumes, the user may not exceed 15 percent opacity on any one
reading and the average error must not exceed 7.5 percent opacity.
* * * * *
    (i) * * *
    (3) An owner or operator who intermittently adds lime to a lime-
injected fabric filter must obtain approval from the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources for
a lime addition monitoring procedure. The permitting authority for
major sources, or the Administrator for area sources will not approve a
monitoring procedure unless data and information are submitted
establishing that the procedure is adequate to ensure that relevant
emission standards will be met on a continuous basis.
    (4) At least once per month, verify that the lime injection rate in
pounds per hour (lb/hr) is no less than 90 percent of the lime
injection rate used to demonstrate compliance during your most recent
performance test. If the monthly check of the lime injection rate is
below the 90 percent, the owner or operator must repair or adjust the
lime injection system to restore normal operation within 45 days. The
owner or operator may request from the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources, an extension of up to
an additional 45 days to demonstrate that the lime injection rate is no
less than 90 percent of the lime injection rate used to demonstrate
compliance during the most recent performance test. In the event that a
lime feeder is repaired or replaced, the feeder must be calibrated, and
the feed rate must be restored to the lb/hr feed rate operating limit
established during the most recent performance test within 45 days. The
owner or operator may request from the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources, an extension of up to
an additional 45 days to complete the repair or replacement and
establishing a new setting. The repair or replacement, and the
establishment of the new feeder setting(s) must be documented in
accordance with the recordkeeping requirements of Sec.  63.1517.
    (j) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) The accuracy of the weight measurement device must be 1 percent of the weight of the reactive component of the flux
being measured. The owner or operator may apply to the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources for
permission to use a weight measurement device of alternative accuracy
in cases where the reactive flux flow rates are so low as to make the
use of a weight measurement device of 1 percent
impracticable. A device of alternative accuracy will not be approved
unless the owner or operator provides assurance through data and
information that the affected source will meet the relevant emission
standards.
* * * * *
    (4) Calculate and record the total reactive flux injection rate for
each operating cycle or time period used in the performance test using
the procedure in Sec.  63.1512(o). For solid flux that is added
intermittently, record the amount added for each operating cycle or
time period used in the performance test using the procedures in Sec.
63.1512(o).
* * * * *
    (n) * * *
    (1) Record in an operating log for each tap of a sidewell furnace
whether the level of molten metal was above the top of the passage
between the sidewell and hearth during reactive flux injection, unless
the furnace hearth was also equipped with an add-on control device. If
visual inspection of the molten metal level is not possible, the molten
metal level must be determined using physical measurement methods.
    (2) Submit a certification of compliance with the operational
standards in Sec.  63.1506(m)(6) for each 6-month reporting period.
Each certification must contain the information in Sec.
63.1516(b)(2)(iii).
    (o) * * *
    (1) The owner or operator must develop, in consultation with the
permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area
sources, a written site-specific monitoring plan. The site-specific
monitoring plan must be submitted to the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources as part of the OM&M
plan. The site-specific monitoring plan must contain sufficient
procedures to ensure continuing compliance with all applicable emission
limits and must demonstrate, based on documented test results, the
relationship between emissions of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for
uncontrolled group 1 furnaces), and the proposed monitoring parameters
for each pollutant. Test data must establish the highest level of PM,
HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) that will be
emitted from the furnace in accordance with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1). If the
permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area
sources determines that any revisions of the site-specific monitoring
plan are necessary to meet the requirements of this section or this
subpart, the owner or operator must promptly make all necessary
revisions and resubmit the revised plan.
    (i) The owner or operator of an existing affected source must
submit the site-specific monitoring plan to the permitting authority
for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources for review at
least 6 months prior to the compliance date.
    (ii) The permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources will review and approve or disapprove a
proposed plan, or request changes to a plan, based on whether the plan
contains sufficient provisions to ensure continuing compliance with
applicable emission limits and demonstrates, based on documented test
results, the relationship between emissions of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF
for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) and the proposed monitoring
parameters for each pollutant. Test data must establish the highest
level of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces)
that will be emitted from the furnace. Subject to approval of the OM&M
plan, the highest levels may be determined by conducting performance
tests and monitoring operating parameters in accordance with Sec.
63.1511(b)(1).
* * * * *
    (s) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (iv) The inclusion of any periods of startup or shutdown in
emission calculations.
    (3) To revise the SAPU compliance provisions within the OM&M plan
prior to the end of the permit term, the owner or operator must submit
a request to the permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources containing the information required by
paragraph (s)(1) of this section and obtain approval of the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources
prior to implementing any revisions.
    (t) Secondary aluminum processing unit. Except as provided in
paragraph (u) of this section, the owner or operator must calculate and
record the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average emissions of PM,

HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) for each
secondary aluminum processing unit on a daily basis. To calculate the
3-day, 24-hour rolling average, the owner or operator must:
* * * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) Where no performance test has been conducted, for a particular
emission unit, because the owner of operator has, with the approval of
the permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for
area sources, chosen to determine the emission rate of an emission unit
by testing a representative unit, in accordance with Sec.  63.1511(f),
the owner or operator shall use the emission rate determined from the
representative unit in the SAPU emission rate calculation required in
Sec.  63.1510(t)(4).
    (ii) Except as provided in paragraph (t)(2)(iii) of this section,
if the owner or operator has not conducted performance tests for HCl
(and HF for an uncontrolled group 1 furnace) or for HCl for an in-line
fluxer, in accordance with the provisions of Sec.  63.1512(d)(3),
(e)(3), or (h)(2), the calculation required in Sec.  63.1510(t)(4) to
determine SAPU-wide HCl and HF emissions shall be made under the
assumption that all chlorine contained in reactive flux added to the
emission unit is emitted as HCl and all fluorine contained in reactive
flux added to the emission unit is emitted as HF.
    (iii) Prior to the date by which the initial performance test for
HF emissions from uncontrolled group 1 furnaces is conducted, or is
required to be conducted, the calculation required in Sec.  63.1505(k)
to determine the SAPU-wide HF emission limit and the calculation
required in Sec.  63.1510(t)(4) to determine the SAPU-wide HF emission
rate must exclude HF emissions from untested uncontrolled group 1
furnaces and feed/charge processed in untested uncontrolled group 1
furnaces.
* * * * *
    (4) Compute the 24-hour daily emission rate using Equation 4:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.010

Where:

Eday = The daily PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for
uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) emission rate for the secondary
aluminum processing unit for the 24-hour period;
Ti = The total amount of feed, or aluminum produced, for
emission unit i for the 24-hour period (tons or Mg);
ERi = The measured emission rate for emission unit i as
determined in the performance test (lb/ton or [micro]g/Mg of feed/
charge); and
n = The number of emission units in the secondary aluminum
processing unit.

    (5) Calculate and record the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average for
each pollutant each day by summing the daily emission rates for each
pollutant over the 3 most recent consecutive days and dividing by 3.
The SAPU is in compliance with an applicable emission limit if the 3-
day, 24-hour rolling average for each pollutant is no greater than the
applicable SAPU emission limit determined in accordance with Sec.
63.1505(k)(1)-(3).
* * * * *

0
9. Section 63.1511 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraphs (a), (b) introductory text, and (b)(1) and (3);
0
b. Adding paragraphs (b)(6) and (7);
0
c. Revising paragraphs (c)(9), (d), and (f) introductory text;
0
d. Adding paragraph (f)(6);
0
e. Revising paragraph (g) introductory text;
0
f. Adding paragraph (g)(5); and
0
g. Revising paragraph (i) introductory text.
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Sec.  63.1511  Performance test/compliance demonstration general
requirements.

    (a) Site-specific test plan. Prior to conducting any performance
test required by this subpart, the owner or operator must prepare a
site-specific test plan which satisfies all of the rule requirements,
and must obtain approval of the plan pursuant to the procedures set
forth in Sec.  63.7. Performance tests shall be conducted under such
conditions as the Administrator specifies to the owner or operator
based on representative performance of the affected source for the
period being tested. Upon request, the owner or operator shall make
available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to
determine the conditions of performance tests.
    (b) Initial performance test. Following approval of the site-
specific test plan, the owner or operator must demonstrate initial
compliance with each applicable emission, equipment, work practice, or
operational standard for each affected source and emission unit, and
report the results in the notification of compliance status report as
described in Sec.  63.1515(b). The owner or operator of any affected
source constructed before February 14, 2012, for which an initial
performance test is required to demonstrate compliance must conduct
this initial performance test no later than the date for compliance
established by Sec.  63.1501(a), (b), or (c). The owner or operator of
any affected source constructed after February 14, 2012, for which an
initial performance test is required must conduct this initial
performance test within 180 days after the date for compliance
established by Sec.  63.1501(e) or (f). Except for the date by which
the performance test must be conducted, the owner or operator must
conduct each performance test in accordance with the requirements and
procedures set forth in Sec.  63.7(c). Owners or operators of affected
sources located at facilities which are area sources are subject only
to those performance testing requirements pertaining to D/F. Owners or
operators of sweat furnaces meeting the specifications of Sec.
63.1505(f)(1) are not required to conduct a performance test.
    (1) The performance tests must be conducted under representative
conditions expected to produce the highest level of HAP emissions
expressed in the units of the emission standards for the HAP
(considering the extent of feed/charge contamination, reactive flux
addition rate and feed/charge rate). If a single test condition is not
expected to produce the highest level of emissions for all HAP, testing
under two or more sets of conditions (for example high contamination at
low feed/charge rate, and low contamination at high feed/charge rate)
may be required. Any subsequent performance tests for the purposes of
establishing new or revised parametric limits shall be allowed upon
pre-approval from the permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources. These new parametric settings shall be

used to demonstrate compliance for the period being tested.
* * * * *
    (3) Each performance test for a batch process must consist of three
separate runs; pollutant sampling for each run must be conducted over
the entire process operating cycle. Additionally, for batch processes
where the length of the process operating cycle is not known in
advance, and where isokinetic sampling must be conducted based on the
procedures in Method 5 in appendix A to part 60, use the following
procedure to ensure that sampling is conducted over the entire process
operating cycle:
    (i) Choose a minimum operating cycle length and begin sampling
assuming this minimum length will be the run time (e.g., if the process
operating cycle is known to last from four to six hours, then assume a
sampling time of four hours and divide the sampling time evenly between
the required number of traverse points);
    (ii) After each traverse point has been sampled once, begin
sampling each point again for the same time per point, in the reverse
order, until the operating cycle is complete. All traverse points as
required by Method 1 of appendix A to part 60, must be sampled at least
once during each test run;
    (iii) In order to distribute the sampling time most evenly over all
the traverse points, do not perform all runs using the same sampling
point order (e.g., if there are four ports and sampling for run 1 began
in port 1, then sampling for run 2 could begin in port 4 and continue
in reverse order.)
* * * * *
    (6) Apply paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section for each
pollutant separately if a different production rate, charge material
or, if applicable, reactive fluxing rate would apply and thereby result
in a higher expected emissions rate for that pollutant.
    (7) The owner or operator may not conduct performance tests during
periods of malfunction.
    (c) * * *
    (9) Method 26A for the concentration of HCl and HF. Method 26 may
also be used, except at sources where entrained water droplets are
present in the emission stream. Where a lime-injected fabric filter is
used as the control device to comply with the 90 percent reduction
standard, the owner or operator must measure the fabric filter inlet
concentration of HCl at a point before lime is introduced to the
system.
    (d) Alternative methods. The owner or operator may use alternative
test methods as provided in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this
section.
    (1) The owner or operator may use test method ASTM D7520-13 as an
alternative to EPA Method 9 subject to conditions described in Sec.
63.1510(f)(4).
    (2) In lieu of conducting the annual flow rate measurements using
Methods 1 and 2, the owner or operator may use Method 204 in Appendix M
to 40 CFR part 51 to conduct annual verification of a permanent total
enclosure for the affected source/emission unit.
    (3) The owner or operator may use an alternative test method
approved by the Administrator.
* * * * *
    (f) Testing of representative emission units. With the prior
approval of the permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources, an owner or operator may utilize
emission rates obtained by testing a particular type of group 1 furnace
that does not have an add-on air pollution control device, or by
testing an in-line flux box that does not have an add-on air pollution
control device, to determine the emission rate for other units of the
same type at the same facility. Such emission test results may only be
considered to be representative of other units if all of the following
criteria are satisfied:
* * * * *
    (6) All 3 separate runs of a performance test must be conducted on
the same emission unit.
    (g) Establishment of monitoring and operating parameter values. The
owner or operator of new or existing affected sources and emission
units must establish a minimum or maximum operating parameter value, or
an operating parameter range for each parameter to be monitored as
required by Sec.  63.1510 that ensures compliance with the applicable
emission limit or standard. To establish the minimum or maximum value
or range, the owner or operator must use the appropriate procedures in
this section and submit the information required by Sec.  63.1515(b)(4)
in the notification of compliance status report. The owner or operator
may use existing data in addition to the results of performance tests
to establish operating parameter values for compliance monitoring
provided each of the following conditions are met to the satisfaction
of the permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for
area sources:
* * * * *
    (5) If the owner or operator wants to conduct a new performance
test and establish different operating parameter values, they must
submit a revised site specific test plan and receive approval in
accordance with paragraph (a) of this section. In addition, if an owner
or operator wants to use existing data in addition to the results of
the new performance test to establish operating parameter values, they
must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this
section.
* * * * *
    (i) Testing of commonly-ducted units not within a secondary
aluminum processing unit. With the prior approval of the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources, an
owner or operator may do combined performance testing of two or more
individual affected sources or emission units which are not included in
a single existing SAPU or new SAPU, but whose emissions are manifolded
to a single control device. Any such performance testing of commonly-
ducted units must satisfy the following basic requirements:
* * * * *

0
10. Section 63.1512 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraphs (a), (e)(1) through (3);
0
b. Adding paragraphs (e)(4) through (7); and
0
c. Revising paragrpahs (h)(2), (j) introductory text, (j)(1)(i),
(j)(2)(i), (o) introductory text, (o)(1), (o)(3) through (5), and
(p)(2).
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Sec.  63.1512  Performance test/compliance demonstration requirements
and procedures.

    (a) Aluminum scrap shredder. The owner or operator must conduct
performance tests to measure PM emissions at the outlet of the control
system. If visible emission observation is the selected monitoring
option, the owner or operator must record visible emission observations
from each exhaust stack for all consecutive 6-minute periods during the
PM emission test according to the requirements of Method 9 in appendix
A to 40 CFR part 60. If emissions observations by ASTM Method D7520-13
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  63.14) is the selected monitoring
option, the owner or operator must record opacity observations from
each exhaust stack for all consecutive 6-minute periods during the PM
emission test.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) If the group 1 furnace processes other than clean charge
material, the owner or operator must conduct emission tests to measure
emissions of PM, HCl, HF, and D/F at the furnace exhaust outlet.

    (2) If the group 1 furnace processes only clean charge, the owner
or operator must conduct emission tests to simultaneously measure
emissions of PM, HCl and HF. A D/F test is not required. Each test must
be conducted while the group 1 furnace (including a melting/holding
furnace) processes only clean charge.
    (3) The owner or operator may choose to determine the rate of
reactive flux addition to the group 1 furnace and assume, for the
purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU emission limit, that
all chlorine and fluorine contained in reactive flux added to the group
1 furnace is emitted as HCl and HF. Under these circumstances, the
owner or operator is not required to conduct an emission test for HCl
or HF.
    (4) When testing an existing uncontrolled furnace, the owner or
operator must comply with the requirements of either paragraphs
(e)(4)(i), (ii) or (iii) of this section at the next required
performance test required by Sec.  63.1511(e).
    (i) Install hooding that meets ACGIH Guidelines (incorporated by
reference, see Sec.  63.14), or
    (ii) At least 180 days prior to testing petition the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources,
that such hoods are impractical under the provisions of paragraph
(e)(6) of this section and propose testing procedures that will
minimize unmeasured emissions during the performance test according to
the paragraph (e)(7) of this section, or
    (iii) Assume an 80-percent capture efficiency for the furnace
exhaust (i.e., multiply emissions measured at the furnace exhaust
outlet by 1.25). If the source fails to demonstrate compliance using
the 80-percent capture efficiency assumption, the owner or operator
must re-test with a hood that meets the ACGIH Guidelines within 180
days, or petition the permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources, within 180 days that such hoods are
impractical under the provisions of paragraph (e)(6) of this section
and propose testing procedures that will minimize unmeasured emissions
during the performance test according to paragraph (e)(7) of this
section.
    (iv) The 80-percent capture efficiency assumption is not applicable
in the event of testing conducted under an approved petition submitted
pursuant to paragraphs (e)(4)(ii) or (iii) of this section.
    (v) Round top furnaces constructed before February 14, 2012, and
reconstructed round top furnaces are exempt from the requirements of
paragraphs (e)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section. Round top furnaces must
be operated to minimize unmeasured emissions according to paragraph
(e)(7) of this section.
    (5) When testing a new uncontrolled furnace constructed after
February 14, 2012, the owner or operator must install hooding that
meets ACGIH Guidelines (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  63.14) or
petition the permitting authority for major sources, or the
Administrator for area sources, that such hoods are impracticable under
the provisions of paragraph (e)(6) of this section and propose testing
procedures that will minimize unmeasured emissions during the
performance test according to the provisions of paragraph (e)(7).
    (6) The installation of hooding that meets ACGIH Guidelines
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  63.14) is considered impractical
if any of the following conditions exist:
    (i) Building or equipment obstructions (for example, wall, ceiling,
roof, structural beams, utilities, overhead crane or other
obstructions) are present such that the temporary hood cannot be
located consistent with acceptable hood design and installation
practices;
    (ii) Space limitations or work area constraints exist such that the
temporary hood cannot be supported or located to prevent interference
with normal furnace operations or avoid unsafe working conditions for
the furnace operator; or
    (iii) Other obstructions and limitations subject to agreement of
the permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for
area sources.
    (7) Testing procedures that will minimize unmeasured emissions may
include, but are not limited to the following:
    (i) Installing a hood that does not entirely meet ACGIH guidelines;
    (ii) Using the building as an enclosure, and measuring emissions
exhausted from the building if there are no other furnaces or other
significant sources in the building of the pollutants to be measured;
    (iii) Installing temporary baffles on those sides or top of furnace
opening if it is practical to do so where they will not interfere with
material handling or with the furnace door opening and closing;
    (iv) Minimizing the time the furnace doors are open or the top is
off;
    (v) Delaying gaseous reactive fluxing until charging doors are
closed and, for round top furnaces, until the top is on;
    (vi) Agitating or stirring molten metal as soon as practicable
after salt flux addition and closing doors as soon as possible after
solid fluxing operations, including mixing and dross removal;
    (vii) Keeping building doors and other openings closed to the
greatest extent possible to minimize drafts that would divert emissions
from being drawn into the furnace;
    (viii) Maintaining burners on low-fire or pilot operation while the
doors are open or the top is off;
    (ix) Use of fans or other device to direct flow into a furnace when
door is open; or
    (x) Removing the furnace cover one time in order to add a smaller
but representative charge and then replacing the cover.
* * * * *
    (h) * * *
    (2) The owner or operator may choose to limit the rate at which
reactive flux is added to an in-line fluxer and assume, for the
purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU emission limit, that
all chlorine in the reactive flux added to the in-line fluxer is
emitted as HCl. Under these circumstances, the owner or operator is not
required to conduct an emission test for HCl. If the owner or operator
of any in-line flux box that has no ventilation ductwork manifolded to
any outlet or emission control device chooses to demonstrate compliance
with the emission limits for HCl by limiting use of reactive flux and
assuming that all chlorine in the flux is emitted as HCl, compliance
with the HCl limit shall also constitute compliance with the emission
limit for PM and no separate emission test for PM is required. In this
case, the owner or operator of the unvented in-line flux box must use
the maximum permissible PM emission rate for the in-line flux boxes
when determining the total emissions for any SAPU which includes the
flux box.
* * * * *
    (j) Secondary aluminum processing unit. The owner or operator must
conduct performance tests as described in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3)
of this section. The results of the performance tests are used to
establish emission rates in lb/ton of feed/charge for PM, HCl and HF
and [micro]g TEQ/Mg of feed/charge for D/F emissions from each emission
unit. These emission rates are used for compliance monitoring in the
calculation of the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average emission rates using
the equation in Sec.  63.1510(t). A performance test is required for:
    (1) * * *
    (i) Emissions of HF and HCl (for determining the emission limit);
or
* * * * *
    (2) * * *

    (i) Emissions of HF and HCl (for determining the emission limit);
or
* * * * *
    (o) Flux injection rate. The owner or operator must use these
procedures to establish an operating parameter value or range for the
total reactive chlorine flux injection rate and, for uncontrolled
furnaces, the total reactive fluorine flux injection rate.
    (1) Continuously measure and record the weight of gaseous or liquid
reactive flux injected for each 15 minute period during the HCl, HF and
D/F tests, determine and record the 15-minute block average weights,
and calculate and record the total weight of the gaseous or liquid
reactive flux for the 3 test runs;
* * * * *
    (3) Determine the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate and,
for uncontrolled furnaces, the total reactive fluorine flux injection
rate by adding the recorded measurement of the total weight of chlorine
and, for uncontrolled furnaces, fluorine in the gaseous or liquid
reactive flux injected and the total weight of chlorine and, for
uncontrolled furnaces, fluorine in the solid reactive flux using
Equation 5:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.011

Where:

Wt = Total chlorine or fluorine usage, by weight;
F1 = Fraction of gaseous or liquid flux that is chlorine
or fluorine;
W1 = Weight of reactive flux gas injected;
F2 = Fraction of solid reactive chloride flux that is
chlorine (e.g., F = 0.75 for magnesium chloride) or fraction of
solid reactive fluoride flux that is fluorine (e.g., F = 0.33 for
potassium fluoride); and
W2 = Weight of solid reactive flux;

    (4) Divide the weight of total chlorine or fluorine usage
(Wt) for the 3 test runs by the recorded measurement of the
total weight of feed for the 3 test runs; and
    (5) If a solid reactive flux other than magnesium chloride or
potassium fluoride is used, the owner or operator must derive the
appropriate proportion factor subject to approval by the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources.
* * * * *
    (p) * * *
    (2) Record the feeder setting and lime injection rate for the 3
test runs. If the feed rate setting and lime injection rates vary
between the runs, determine and record the average feed rate and lime
injection rate from the 3 runs.
* * * * *

0
11. Section 63.1513 is amended by revising the paragraph (b) heading
and paragraphs (b)(1), (d), and (e)(1) through (3), and adding
paragraph (f) to read as follows:

Sec.  63.1513  Equations for determining compliance.

* * * * *
    (b) PM, HCl, HF and D/F emission limits. (1) Use Equation 7 of this
section to determine compliance with an emission limit for PM, HCl or
HF:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.012

Where:

E = Emission rate of PM, HCl or HF, in kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed;
C = Concentration of PM, HCl or HF, in g/dscm (gr/dscf);
Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, in dscm/hr (dscf/hr);
K1 = Conversion factor, 1 kg/1,000 g (1 lb/7,000 gr); and
P = Production rate, in Mg/hr (ton/hr).
* * * * *
    (d) Conversion of D/F measurements to TEQ units. To convert D/F
measurements to TEQ units, the owner or operator must use the
procedures and equations in Interim Procedures for Estimating Risks
Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins
and -Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update, incorporated by
reference see Sec.  63.14.
    (e) * * *
    (1) Use Equation 9 to compute the mass-weighted PM emissions for a
secondary aluminum processing unit. Compliance is achieved if the mass-
weighted emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit
(EcPM) is less than or equal to the emission limit for the
secondary aluminum processing unit (LcPM) calculated using
Equation 1 in Sec.  63.1505(k).
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.013

Where:

EcPM = The mass-weighted PM emissions for the secondary
aluminum processing unit;
EtiPM = Measured PM emissions for individual emission
unit, or group of co-controlled emission units, i;
Tti = The average feed rate for individual emission unit
i during the operating cycle or performance test period, or the sum
of the average feed rates for all emission units in the group of co-
controlled emission units i; and
n = The number of emission units, and groups of co-controlled
emission units in the secondary aluminum processing unit.

    (2) Use Equation 10 to compute the aluminum mass-weighted HCl or HF
emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit. Compliance is
achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the secondary aluminum
processing unit (EcHCl/HF) is less than or equal to the
emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit
(LcHCl/HF) calculated using Equation 2 in Sec.  63.1505(k).

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.014

Where:

EcHCl/HF = The mass-weighted HCl or HF emissions for the
secondary aluminum processing unit; and
EtiHCl/HF = Measured HCl or HF emissions for individual
emission unit, or group of co-controlled emission units i.

    (3) Use Equation 11 to compute the aluminum mass-weighted D/F
emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit. Compliance is
achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the secondary aluminum
processing unit is less than or equal to the emission limit for the
secondary aluminum processing unit (LcD/F) calculated using
Equation 3 in Sec.  63.1505(k).
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18SE15.015

Where:

EcD/F = The mass-weighted D/F emissions for the secondary
aluminum processing unit; and
EtiD/F = Measured D/F emissions for individual emission
unit, or group of co-controlled emission units i.

* * * * *
    (f) Periods of startup and shutdown. For a new or existing affected
source, or a new or existing emission unit subject to an emissions
limit in paragraphs Sec.  63.1505(b) through (j) expressed in units of
pounds per ton of feed/charge, or [mu]g TEQ or ng TEQ per Mg of feed/
charge, demonstrate compliance during periods of startup and shutdown
in accordance with paragraph (f)(1) of this section or determine your
emissions per unit of feed/charge during periods of startup and
shutdown in accordance with paragraph (f)(2) of this section. Startup
and shutdown emissions for group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers must be
calculated individually, and not on the basis of a SAPU. Periods of
startup and shutdown are excluded from the calculation of SAPU emission
limits in Sec.  63.1505(k), the SAPU monitoring requirements in Sec.
63.1510(t) and the SAPU emissions calculations in Sec.  63.1513(e).
    (1) For periods of startup and shutdown, records establishing a
feed/charge rate of zero, a flux rate of zero, and that the affected
source or emission unit was either heated with electricity, propane or
natural gas as the sole sources of heat or was not heated, may be used
to demonstrate compliance with the emission limit, or
    (2) For periods of startup and shutdown, divide your measured
emissions in lb/hr or [mu]g/hr or ng/hr by the feed/charge rate in
tons/hr or Mg/hr from your most recent performance test associated with
a production rate greater than zero, or the rated capacity of the
affected source if no prior performance test data is available.

0
12. Section 63.1514 is added to read as follows:

Sec.  63.1514  Change of Furnace Classification.

    The requirements of this section are in addition to the other
requirements of this subpart that apply to group 1 and group 2
furnaces.
    (a) Changing from a group 1 controlled furnace processing other
than clean charge to group 1 uncontrolled furnace processing other than
clean charge. An owner or operator wishing to change operating modes
must conduct performance tests in accordance with Sec. Sec.  63.1511
and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources that compliance can be
achieved under both modes. Operating parameters relevant to each mode
of operation must be established during the performance test.
    (1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests for
PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(d) with
the capture system and control device operating normally if compliance
has not been previously demonstrated in this operating mode.
Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years to
demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) in the controlled mode.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (2) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests for
PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e)
without operating a control device if compliance has not been
previously demonstrated for this operating mode. Performance tests must
be repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance for
each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) in the uncontrolled mode.
    (ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace
emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of Sec.
63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
    (iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled operation must
be established during these tests, as required by Sec.  63.1511(g). For
furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the number of tap-to-tap cycles
(including zero, if none) elapsed using the feed/charge type, feed/
charge rate and flux rate must be established as a parameter to be met
before changing to uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-
cyclic) operation, the time period elapsed (including no time, if none)
using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must be
established as a parameter to be met before changing to uncontrolled
mode.
    (iv) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use in the
demonstration of compliance with the

emission limits for SAPUs specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be
determined.
    (3) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for D/
F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(d) with the capture
system and control device operating normally, if compliance has not
been previously demonstrated for this operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) in the controlled mode.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (4) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for D/
F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e) without operating a
control device, if compliance has not been previously demonstrated for
this operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1).
    (ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace
emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of Sec.
63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
    (iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled operation must
be established during these tests, as required by Sec.  63.1511(g). For
furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the number of tap-to-tap cycles
(including zero, if none) elapsed using the feed/charge type, feed/
charge rate and flux rate must be established as a parameter to be met
before changing to uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-
cyclic) operation, the time period elapsed (including no time, if none)
using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must be
established as a parameter to be met before changing to uncontrolled
mode.
    (iv) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (5) To change modes of operation from uncontrolled to controlled,
the owner or operator must perform the following, before charging scrap
to the furnace that exceeds the contaminant level established for
uncontrolled mode:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled
operation;
    (ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device;
    (iii) Turn on the control device and begin lime addition to the
control device at the rate established for controlled mode; and
    (iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.
    (6) To change modes of operation from controlled to uncontrolled,
the owner or operator must perform the following, before turning off or
bypassing the control device:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect uncontrolled
operation;
    (ii) Charge scrap with a level of contamination no greater than
that used in the performance test for uncontrolled furnaces for the
number of tap-to-tap cycles that elapsed (or, for continuously operated
furnaces, the time elapsed) before the uncontrolled mode performance
test was conducted; and
    (iii) Decrease the flux addition rate to no higher than the flux
addition rate used in the uncontrolled mode performance test.
    (7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of Sec.  63.1517,
the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of each mode
change (controlled to uncontrolled, or uncontrolled to controlled), the
time the change is initiated, and the time the exhaust gas is diverted
from control device to bypass or bypass to control device.
    (b) Changing from a group 1 controlled furnace processing other
than clean charge to a group 1 uncontrolled furnace processing clean
charge. An owner or operator wishing to change operating modes must
conduct performance tests in accordance with Sec. Sec.  63.1511 and
63.1512 to demonstrate to the permitting authority for major sources,
or the Administrator for area sources that compliance can be achieved
in both modes. Operating parameters relevant to each mode of operation
must be established during the performance test.
    (1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests for
PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(d) with
the capture system and control device operating normally if compliance
has not been previously demonstrated in this operating mode.
Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years to
demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) in the controlled mode.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (2) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests for
PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e)
without operating a control device if compliance has not been
previously demonstrated for this operating mode. Performance tests must
be repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance for
each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time after
operation with clean charge has commenced.
    (ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace
emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of Sec.
63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
    (iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled operation must
be established during these tests, as required by Sec.  63.1511(g). For
furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the number of tap-to-tap cycles
(including zero, if none) elapsed using the feed/charge type, feed/
charge rate and flux rate must be established as a parameter to be met
before changing to uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-
cyclic) operation, the time period elapsed (including no time if none)
using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must be
established as a parameter to be met before changing to uncontrolled
mode.
    (iv) Emissions of D/F during this test must not exceed 1.5 [micro]g
TEQ/Mg of feed/charge.
    (v) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use in the
demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k), must be determined.
    (3) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for D/
F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(d) with the capture
system and control device operating normally, if compliance has not
been previously demonstrated for this operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1).
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (4) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for D/
F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e) without operating a
control device if compliance has not been previously demonstrated for
this operating mode.

    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted at any time
after operation with clean charge has commenced and must be conducted
in accordance with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) and under representative
conditions expected to produce the highest level of D/F in the
uncontrolled mode.
    (ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace
emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of Sec.
63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
    (iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled operation must
be established during these tests, as required by Sec.  63.1511(g). For
furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the number of tap-to-tap cycles
elapsed (including zero, if none) using the feed/charge type, feed/
charge rate and flux rate must be established as a parameter to be met
before changing to uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-
cyclic) operation, the time period elapsed (including no time, if none)
using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must be
established as a parameter to be met before changing to uncontrolled
mode.
    (iv) Emissions of D/F during this test must not exceed 1.5 [micro]g
TEQ/Mg of feed/charge.
    (5) To change modes of operation from uncontrolled to controlled,
the owner or operator must perform the following, before charging scrap
to the furnace that exceeds the contaminant level established for
uncontrolled mode:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled
operation;
    (ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device;
    (iii) Turn on the control device and begin lime addition to the
control device at the rate established for controlled mode; and
    (iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.
    (6) To change modes of operation from controlled to uncontrolled,
the owner or operator must perform the following, before turning off or
bypassing the control device:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect uncontrolled
operation;
    (ii) Charge clean charge for the number of tap-to-tap cycles that
elapsed (or, for continuously operated furnaces, the time elapsed)
before the uncontrolled mode performance test was conducted; and
    (iii) Decrease the flux addition rate to no higher than the flux
addition rate used in the uncontrolled mode performance test.
    (7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of Sec.  63.1517,
the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of each mode
change (controlled to uncontrolled, or uncontrolled to controlled), the
time the furnace operating mode change is initiated, and the time the
exhaust gas is diverted from control device to bypass or from bypass to
control device.
    (c) Changing from a group 1 controlled or uncontrolled furnace to a
group 2 furnace. An owner or operator wishing to change operating modes
must conduct performance tests in accordance with Sec. Sec.  63.1511
and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the permitting authority for major
sources, or the Administrator for area sources that compliance can be
achieved under both modes and establish the number of cycles (or time)
of operation with clean charge and no reactive flux addition necessary
before changing to group 2 mode. Operating parameters relevant to group
1 operation must be established during the performance test.
    (1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests for
PM, HCl and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) according to
the procedures in Sec.  63.1512 if compliance has not been previously
demonstrated for the operating mode. Controlled group 1 furnaces must
conduct performance tests according to the procedures in Sec.
63.1512(d) with the capture system and control device operating
normally. Uncontrolled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests
according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e) without operating a
control device. Performance tests must be repeated at least once every
5 years to demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) in both modes.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (2) While in compliance with the operating requirements of Sec.
63.1506(o) for group 2 furnaces, operators of major sources must
conduct performance tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the
procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e) without operating a control device if
compliance has not been previously demonstrated for this operating
mode. Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years to
demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time after
the furnace has commenced operation with clean charge and without
reactive flux addition.
    (ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace
emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of Sec.
63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
    (iii) Owners or operators must demonstrate that emissions are no
greater than:
    (A) 1.5 [micro]g D/F (TEQ) per Mg of feed/charge;
    (B) 0.040 lb HCl or HF per ton of feed/charge; and
    (C) 0.040 lb PM per ton of feed/charge.
    (iv) The number of tap-to-tap cycles, or time elapsed between
starting operation with clean charge and no reactive flux addition and
the group 2 furnace performance test must be established as an
operating parameter to be met before changing to group 2 mode.
    (3) Operators of area sources must conduct a performance tests for
D/F, according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512 if compliance has not
been previously demonstrated for the operating mode. Controlled group 1
furnaces must conduct performance tests according to the procedures in
Sec.  63.1512(d) with the capture system and control device operating
normally. Uncontrolled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests
according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e) without operating a
control device.
    (i) The performance tests must be conducted in accordance with
Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) under representative conditions expected to produce
the highest expected level of D/F in the group 1 mode.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, for use
in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (4) While in compliance with the operating requirements of Sec.
63.1506(o) for group 2 furnaces, operators of area sources must conduct
performance tests for D/F, according to the procedures in Sec.
63.1512(e) without operating a control device if compliance has not
been previously demonstrated for this operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any time after
the furnace has commenced operation with clean charge, and without
reactive flux addition.
    (ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with furnace
emissions captured in accordance with the

provisions of Sec.  63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent
tested.
    (iii) Owners or operators must demonstrate that emissions are no
greater than 1.5 [micro]g D/F (TEQ) per Mg of feed/charge.
    (iv) The number of tap-to-tap cycles, or time elapsed between
starting operation with clean charge and no reactive flux and the group
2 furnace performance tests must be established as an operating
parameter to be met before changing to group 2 mode.
    (5) To change modes of operation from a group 2 furnace to a group
1 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the following before
adding other than clean charge and before adding reactive flux to the
furnace:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 1 operation;
    (ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, if it is
equipped with a control device;
    (iii) If the furnace is equipped with a control device, turn on the
control device and begin lime addition to the control device at the
rate established for group 1 mode; and
    (iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.
    (6) To change mode of operation from a group 1 furnace to group 2
furnace, the owner or operator must perform the following, before
turning off or bypassing the control device:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 2 operation;
    (ii) Charge clean charge for the number of tap-to-tap cycles that
elapsed (or, for continuously operated furnaces, the time elapsed)
before the group 2 performance test was conducted; and,
    (iii) Use no reactive flux.
    (7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of Sec.  63.1517,
the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of each mode
change (controlled or uncontrolled to group 2), the time the change is
initiated, and the time the exhaust gas is diverted from control device
to bypass or from bypass to control device.
    (d) Changing from a group 1 controlled or uncontrolled furnace to
group 2 furnace, for tilting reverberatory furnaces capable of
completely removing furnace contents between batches. An owner or
operator of a tilting reverberatory furnace capable of completely
removing furnace contents between batches who wishes to change
operating modes must conduct performance tests in accordance with
Sec. Sec.  63.1511 and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the permitting
authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area sources that
compliance can be achieved under group 1 modes. Operating parameters
relevant to group 1 operation must be established during the
performance test.
    (1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance tests for
PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled furnaces) according to the
procedures in Sec.  63.1512 if compliance has not been previously
demonstrated for this operating mode. Controlled group 1 furnaces must
conduct performance tests with the capture system and control device
operating normally if compliance has not been previously demonstrated
for the operating mode. Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct
performance tests according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(d) with
the capture system and control device operating normally. Uncontrolled
group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests according to the
procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e) without operating a control device.
Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years to
demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.
    (i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in accordance
with Sec.  63.1511(b)(1) in both modes.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k), must be determined.
    (2) Operators of area sources must conduct performance tests for D/
F according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512 if compliance has not
been previously demonstrated for this operating mode. Controlled group
1 furnaces must conduct performance tests according to the procedures
in Sec.  63.1512(d) with the capture system and control device
operating normally. Uncontrolled group 1 furnaces must conduct
performance tests according to the procedures in Sec.  63.1512(e)
without operating a control device.
    (i) The performance test must be conducted in accordance with Sec.
63.1511(b)(1) under representative conditions expected to produce the
highest expected level of D/F in the group 1 mode.
    (ii) Operating parameters must be established during these tests,
as required by Sec.  63.1511(g).
    (iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation for use in
the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for SAPUs
specified in Sec.  63.1505(k) must be determined.
    (3) To change modes of operation from a group 1 furnace to a group
2 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the following before
turning off or bypassing the control device:
    (i) Completely remove all aluminum from the furnace;
    (ii) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 2 operation;
    (iii) Use only clean charge; and
    (iv) Use no reactive flux.
    (4) To change modes of operation from a group 2 furnace to a group
1 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the following before
adding other than clean charge and before adding reactive flux to the
furnace:
    (i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 1 operation;
    (ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, if it is
equipped with a control device;,
    (iii) If the furnace is equipped with a control device, turn on the
control device and begin lime addition to the control device at the
rate established for group 1 mode; and
    (iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.
    (5) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of Sec.  63.1517,
the owner or operator must maintain records of the nature of each mode
change (group 1 to group 2, or group 2 to group 1), the time the
furnace operating mode change is initiated, and, if the furnace is
equipped with a control device, the time the exhaust gas is diverted
from control device to bypass or from bypass to control device.
    (e) Limit on Frequency of changing furnace operating mode. (1)
Changing furnace operating mode including reversion to the previous
mode, as provided in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, may
not be done more frequently than 4 times in any 6-month period unless
you receive approval from the permitting authority or Administrator for