Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers in the Environment:

in the Environment:

EPA's Current Understanding of Sources EPA's Current Understanding of Sources and Pathways and Pathways December 9, 2003 December 9, 2003 A " Road Map" for a Path Forward Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Proposed Path Forward ° EPA has reviewed its Data Needs Tables and the data available thus far. Based on this review EPA identified outstanding data needs which would enable it to better understand sources of PFOA entering the environment and pathways leading to human exposures.

° Some of EPA's Data Needs have been met by industry;

others are included in LOI commitments or ECA proposals, and some are still outstanding.

° All of EPA's Data Needs are critical to understanding and prioritizing sources and pathways. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Proposed Path Forward ( continued)

° This presentation is a " Road Map" which describes EPA's current understanding of sources and environmental pathways, and identifies basic fluoropolymer data needs which will enable EPA to identify priorities for more extensive testing and monitoring.

° This is an overall summary; the details of the data and EPA's Data Needs are described in the relevant dockets. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Primary Questions ° EPA needs to better understand the potential fluoropolymer pathways and sources of PFOA before it is able to prioritize them.

° The tests identified in this presentation are designed to answer some of the fundamental questions regarding which sources and pathways are the most significant.

° Point source releases could result in levels that may be significant; additional information is needed to better understand these sources. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA ECA Tests Proposed, LOI Commitments, and Outstanding Data Needs ° Incineration:

  Incineration testing to determine incineration byproducts ( proposed ECA)

° Article testing:

  FMG will conduct testing on articles in commerce ( LOI commitment)

  There is an agreement in principle on testing of aged articles ( proposed ECA) Draft 12 09 2003 EPA ° Article testing ( continued):

  Thermal degradation data on fluoropolymers and determination of PFOA FPA contamination of processed fluoropolymer ( solid) is also needed and could possibly be included in this testing.

( outstanding data need)

° Monitoring:

  Manufacturing facilities: concentrations in air,

surface soil, and additional biota ( outstanding data need).

ECA Tests Proposed, LOI Commitments, and Outstanding Data Needs ( continued) Draft 12 09 2003 EPA ° Monitoring:

  Off site from manufacturing facilities: air,

surface water, groundwater ( background concentrations), wastewater treatment and sludge, soil, and biota.

  Use facilities and off site from these facilities:

air, surface water, groundwater, wastewater,

soil, sludges, and biota.

ECA Tests Proposed, LOI Commitments, and Outstanding Data Needs ( continued) Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Take Advantage of Available Information:

° Basic information ( e. g., input and output values,

chemical properties ( particulate, vapor, etc.), used in modeling conducted by industry, and x y locations for groundwater samples) has also been requested by EPA.

° These data are needed so EPA can analyze and interpret the data submitted by industry and evaluate the statements made regarding the need for additional monitoring. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Possible Future Data Needs

Examples ° Other tests as indicated from results of these tests or available data, for example:

  Physical/ chemical, fate and transport properties of incineration byproducts or of degradation products ( to be determined based on incineration results and thermal degradation data)

  More extensive monitoring ( to be determined based on initial monitoring results) Fluoropolymers: The Road Map A Summary of the Fluoropolymer Life Cycle; Potential Sources and Pathways; Data Which Are Available, Pending, and Needed;

And EPA's Rationale for Additional Data Needs Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Wastewater Air Solid Waste/

sludge Groundwater ( Spillage, Leaching) Container waste rinsate Air Treatment Discharge to Surface Water Sludge Disposal ( Land application, Landfill,

Incineration)

Landfill, Incineration,

Recycling Indoor air Outdoor air Soil, Biota Soil, Biota Product Life Cycle:

Product Life Cycle: Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers Chemical Manufacturing Chemical Use in Manufacture of Articles Shipping Article Use, Breakdown,

Disposal Soil, Biota Continue to Environmental Fate Surface & groundwater Groundwater Soil, Biota Disposal Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers ( Parkersburg, WV Facility)

( Parkersburg, WV Facility) Data Sources And Needs Decatur, AL Manufacturing Site Wastewater Air Solid Waste/

sludge Groundwater ( Spillage, Leaching) Treatment Discharge to Surface Water Landfill, Incineration,

Recycling Soil, Biota Soil, Biota Chemical Manufacturing Soil, Biota Surface water Groundwater Ingestion ?

Ingestion ?

Ingestion, Inhalation ? Ingestion ?

Ingestion ? Inhalation ? Ingestion ?

Sludge Disposal ( Land, Landfill,

Incineration) Return to Product Life Cycle Continue to Environmental Fate Surface & groundwater Groundwater Pending:

LOI/ other: some ongoing monitoring is being conducted.

ECA: Incineration ( under development) Outstanding Data Needs:

ECA: monitoring of air, surface soil,

biota on site; monitoring of air,

surface water, groundwater,

wastewater, soil, sludges, and biota off site Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers ( Decatur, AL Facilities)

( Decatur, AL Facilities) Data Sources And Needs Wastewater Air Solid Waste/

sludge Groundwater ( Spillage, Leaching) Treatment Discharge to Surface Water Landfill, Incineration,

Recycling Soil, Biota Soil, Biota Chemical Manufacturing Soil, Biota Ingestion ?

Ingestion ?

Ingestion, Inhalation ? Ingestion ?

Ingestion ? Inhalation ? Ingestion ?

Sludge Disposal ( Land application, Landfill,

Incineration) Return to Product Life Cycle Continue to Environmental Fate Groundwater Surface & groundwater Pending:

LOI/ other: some ongoing monitoring is being conducted ECA: Incineration ( under development); Outstanding Data Needs:

ECA: monitoring of air, surface soil, biota on site; monitoring of air,

surface water, groundwater,

wastewater, soil, sludges, and biota off site Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Shipping of Shipping of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers from the from the Manufacturer to Customers Manufacturer to Customers Data Sources And Needs Return to Product Life Cycle Continue to Environmental Fate Wastewater Container waste rinsate POTW Treatment Discharge to Surface Water Sludge Disposal ( Land application, Landfill,

Incineration) Soil, Biota Shipping Ingestion ?

Ingestion ?

Ingestion ? Groundwater Pending:

LOI: none ECA: none Outstanding Data Needs:

ECA: none at this time Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymer Fluoropolymer Treated Treated Articles Articles Wastewater Solid Waste/

sludge Air POTW Treatment Discharge to Surface Water Sludge Disposal ( Land, Landfill,

Incineration) Landfill, Incineration,

Recycling Soil, Biota Chemical Use in Manufacture of Articles Soil, Biota ( nonstick cookware,

breathable membranes for apparel, gaskets, thread sealant tape ) Ingestion ?

Ingestion ?

Inhalation ?

Ingestion,

Inhalation ?

Ingestion,

Inhalation ? Ingestion ? Data Sources And Needs Return to Product Life Cycle Continue to Environmental Fate Groundwater Surface & groundwater Pending:

LOI: dispersion processor materials balance ECA: Incineration ( under development); articles Outstanding Data Needs:

ECA: none at this time Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers: Article Use, Breakdown,

: Article Use, Breakdown,

and Disposal and Disposal Wastewater POTW Treatment Discharge to Surface Water Sludge Disposal ( Land application, Landfill,

Incineration) Indoor air Outdoor air Dermal contact ?

Ingestion ? Soil, Biota Article Use, Breakdown,

Disposal Landfill, Incineration Data Sources And Needs Inhalation ? Ingestion ?

Ingestion ? Ingestion ?

Return to Product Life Cycle Continue to Environmental Fate Surface water Groundwater Pending:

LOI: articles in commerce testing ECA: Incineration ( under development); aged articles ( ECA agreement in principle)

Outstanding Data Needs:

ECA: none at this time Draft 12 09 2003 EPA V olatiliza tion V o la tiliza tio n ,

T ra n sp o rt o n p a rtic u la te s Runoff,

Particulate erosion Environmental Fate of Environmental Fate of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers Return to Product Life Cycle Water Air Soil Biota W et, dry deposition W et, dry deposition Irrigation Pending:

LOI: none ECA: none Outstanding Data Needs:

ECA: none at this time Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Environmental Fate: Water Environmental Fate: Water Available Data Available Data Little information on the environmental fate of fluoropolymers is available. However,

based on the structure of fluoropolymers, information provided on their stability under chemically and environmentally rigorous conditions, and what is known about the behavior of other high molecular weight synthetic organic polymers,

fluoropolymer degradation in water is not expected to be a significant source of PFOA. Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA None.

None. Additional Data Needed via ECA Additional Data Needed via ECA None at this time.

None at this time. Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Environmental Fate: Air Environmental Fate: Air Available Data Available Data A screening assessment of long A screening assessment of long range atmospheric transport using a simple range atmospheric transport using a simple transport and deposition model has been conducted. Results of t transport and deposition model has been conducted. Results of the evaluation he evaluation indicate that PFOA can move up to 800 km after being released to indicate that PFOA can move up to 800 km after being released to the air. This the air. This study, while limited, indicates that PFOA may be transported in study, while limited, indicates that PFOA may be transported in the atmosphere a the atmosphere a significant distance. EPA needs additional information to deter significant distance. EPA needs additional information to determine whether air is a mine whether air is a significant pathway for significant pathway for fluoropolymers fluoropolymers. Air modeling has also been conducted, as . Air modeling has also been conducted, as described elsewhere in this presentation, but EPA needs addition described elsewhere in this presentation, but EPA needs additional information on al information on the modeling input and output parameters to evaluate the study.

the modeling input and output parameters to evaluate the study. Reference Reference Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or ECA None.

None. Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale No additional data on the environmental fate of PFOA in air is n No additional data on the environmental fate of PFOA in air is needed at this time.

eeded at this time.

Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Environmental Fate: Soil Environmental Fate: Soil Available Data Available Data Little information on the environmental fate of PFOA in soil is Little information on the environmental fate of PFOA in soil is available.

available. Adsorption Adsorption studies in soil are available, but the studies are limited and d studies in soil are available, but the studies are limited and do not sufficiently o not sufficiently address the complex soil media. T address the complex soil media. The Agency believes that soil may be an important he Agency believes that soil may be an important pathway for human exposure to PFOA, and is requesting additional pathway for human exposure to PFOA, and is requesting additional surface soil surface soil monitoring data to better understand this pathway and the releva monitoring data to better understand this pathway and the relevant sources of soil nt sources of soil contamination.

contamination. References References Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA None.

None. Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale No additional information on the environmental fate of PFOA in s No additional information on the environmental fate of PFOA in s oil is needed at this oil is needed at this time, however, surface soil testing is needed in order to unders time, however, surface soil testing is needed in order to understand whether soil is a tand whether soil is a significant pathway for exposure to PFOA.

significant pathway for exposure to PFOA. Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References:

References:

Soil and Sediment Soil and Sediment Dekleva Dekleva, Lynn ( 2003)

, Lynn ( 2003)   Adsorption/

Adsorption/ Desorption Desorption of Ammonium of Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoate to Soil ( OECD 106)

to Soil ( OECD 106)  Study conducted at E. I.

Study conducted at E. I. du du Pont de Pont de Nemours and Company site in Newark, DE, Report number EMSER 17 Nemours and Company site in Newark, DE, Report number EMSER 17 03.

03.

Welsh, Stephen ( 1978)

Welsh, Stephen ( 1978)   Adsorption of FC 95 and FC 143 on soil.

Adsorption of FC 95 and FC 143 on soil.  Report Report 1, Project 9970612633, February 27, 1978. ( AR226 1, Project 9970612633, February 27, 1978. ( AR226 0488)

0488)

U. S. EPA, Soil Screening Guidance: Users Guide. EPA Publication U. S. EPA, Soil Screening Guidance: Users Guide. EPA Publication 9355.4 9355.4

23, July 1996.

23, July 1996.

U. S. EPA, Fate, Transport and Transformation Test Guidelines, OP U. S. EPA, Fate, Transport and Transformation Test Guidelines, OPPTS PTS 835.1220 Sediment and Soil Adsorption/

835.1220 Sediment and Soil Adsorption/ Desorption Desorption Isotherm. EPA 712 Isotherm. EPA 712 C 96 96 048,

048,

April 1996.

April 1996. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD) ( 20 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD) ( 2003).

03).

Adsorption/

Adsorption/ desorption desorption of ammonium of ammonium perfluorooctanoate perfluorooctanoate to soil. OECD 106 test to soil. OECD 106 test guideline. EMSE study number T0111/ 14107, report number 17 guideline. EMSE study number T0111/ 14107, report number 17 03.

03.

Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers: General : General Information and Specific Information at the Information and Specific Information at the Parkersburg, WV Facility Parkersburg, WV Facility Available Data Available Data Fluoropolymer Fluoropolymer Manufacturers Group ( FMG) members include Asahi Glass Manufacturers Group ( FMG) members include Asahi Glass Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers, Daikin,

, Daikin, DuPont DuPont, and , and Dyneon Dyneon. Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers are manufactured are manufactured by by DuPont DuPont at the Washington Works facility in Parkersburg, WV, and by Daik at the Washington Works facility in Parkersburg, WV, and by Daikin at in at the Decatur, AL facility.

the Decatur, AL facility. DuPont DuPont is the only U. S. manufacturer of APFO which is is the only U. S. manufacturer of APFO which is used to make used to make fluoropolymers fluoropolymers. References References Information on the basic Information on the basic physical/ chemical properties of the physical/ chemical properties of the fluoropolymers fluoropolymers, the , the manufacturing process, facilities, locations, uses/ applications manufacturing process, facilities, locations, uses/ applications of of fluoropolymers fluoropolymers,

CAS #, chemical names, synthetic sequences, and production/ impor CAS #, chemical names, synthetic sequences, and production/ import volumes.

t volumes.

( LOI Commitment) Much of this information is CBI, however, FMG ( LOI Commitment) Much of this information is CBI, however, FMG has provided has provided detailed, non detailed, non CBI information on CBI information on fluoropolymer fluoropolymer use categories, and some use categories, and some companies have provided non companies have provided non CBI plant location CBI plant location References References EPA also has some materials balance information for one facility EPA also has some materials balance information for one facility. EPA also has . EPA also has annual release data for the Parkersburg, WV facility which provi annual release data for the Parkersburg, WV facility which provides information on des information on the amount of PFOA released, the compartments to which the mater the amount of PFOA released, the compartments to which the materials are ials are released. This provides an understanding of potential pathways released. This provides an understanding of potential pathways at manufacturing at manufacturing facilities.

facilities. References References Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers at the at the Parkersburg, WV Facility ( continued)

Parkersburg, WV Facility ( continued)

Available Data ( continued)

Available Data ( continued)

Results from several Results from several DuPont DuPont sponsored studies of the Washington Works facility sponsored studies of the Washington Works facility and surrounding area are also available. In summary, ppb level and surrounding area are also available. In summary, ppb levels of PFOA were s of PFOA were detected in a variable pattern within a 2 mile radius of the fac detected in a variable pattern within a 2 mile radius of the fac ility in groundwater.

ility in groundwater.

High levels (

High levels ( ppm ppm) were detected in soil associated with waste disposal. On ) were detected in soil associated with waste disposal. On site site soil samples in other areas not associated with waste disposal w soil samples in other areas not associated with waste disposal were in the 10 ere in the 10 50 50 ppb range. Only two off ppb range. Only two off site soil samples were analyzed; these detected levels of site soil samples were analyzed; these detected levels of 110 and 170 ppb in the Little Hocking well field, approximately 110 and 170 ppb in the Little Hocking well field, approximately 1 mile off 1 mile off site.

site.

In surface water, low to sub In surface water, low to sub ppb levels were found downstream of the facility.

ppb levels were found downstream of the facility.

PFOA was not detected upstream of the outfall. Local public wat PFOA was not detected upstream of the outfall. Local public water supplies were er supplies were also tested, and low ppb to sub also tested, and low ppb to sub ppb levels were detected. Air modeling using ppb levels were detected. Air modeling using ISCST3 has also been conducted, and ISCST3 has also been conducted, and DuPont DuPont believes the results can be used to believes the results can be used to predict where to conduct groundwater monitoring. EPA has looke predict where to conduct groundwater monitoring. EPA has looked at the results d at the results and other available information and disagrees.

and other available information and disagrees. DuPont DuPont believes that air deposition believes that air deposition followed by rapid migration through the soil to groundwater is t followed by rapid migration through the soil to groundwater is the major route of he major route of the contamination. EPA needs additional data on this pathway t the contamination. EPA needs additional data on this pathway to determine o determine whether this theory is supportable.

whether this theory is supportable. References References Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers at the at the Parkersburg, WV Facility ( continued)

Parkersburg, WV Facility ( continued)

Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Additional data ( location of monitoring wells and soil samples,

Additional data ( location of monitoring wells and soil samples, and input and and input and output files for air modeling) has been requested to enable EPA output files for air modeling) has been requested to enable EPA to better to better understand the modeling and monitoring and understand the modeling and monitoring and DuPont s DuPont s interpretation of the data.

interpretation of the data.

Incineration Analysis Incineration Analysis   ECA Proposal is being drafted; anticipate results roughly 18 ECA Proposal is being drafted; anticipate results roughly 18 months from start of the test, based on similar studies.

months from start of the test, based on similar studies.

Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale At manufacturing facilities, monitoring of air, surface soil, and biota are needed.

Off site from these facilities, monitoring of concentrations in air, surface water,

groundwater ( background), wastewater treatment and sludges, and biota are needed. Very little off site data are available to the Agency, and thus, the extent of the contribution of these point sources to the general population exposures is largely unknown. Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers at the at the Parkersburg, WV Facility ( continued)

Parkersburg, WV Facility ( continued)

Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale, continued Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale, continued These data are needed to better understand the pathway from air These data are needed to better understand the pathway from air transport transport and deposition onto soil followed by migration to groundwater.

and deposition onto soil followed by migration to groundwater. This would This would enable EPA to determine the potential for these point sources to enable EPA to determine the potential for these point sources to impact the impact the general population.

general population. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: General References: General Fluoropolymer Fluoropolymer and and Parkersburg, WV Site Parkersburg, WV Site APFO Users Letter of Intent,

APFO Users Letter of Intent,   Voluntary Actions to Evaluate and Control Voluntary Actions to Evaluate and Control Emissions of Ammonium Emissions of Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoate ( APFO). The Society of the Plastics ( APFO). The Society of the Plastics Industry, to Stephen L. Johnson, Assistant Administrator, OPPT Industry, to Stephen L. Johnson, Assistant Administrator, OPPTS, EPA, March 14,

S, EPA, March 14,

2003.

2003. DuPont de Nemours and Company. Voluntary Use and Exposure Information Profile for Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate ( APFO). Undated. AR226 0599.

3M Company ( 2003) Letter from Michael Santoro and George Millet 3M Company ( 2003) Letter from Michael Santoro and George Millet to to Document Control Officer, OPPT, EPA on the subject of P Document Control Officer, OPPT, EPA on the subject of P Chem Chem Properties for Properties for fluoropolymers fluoropolymers.

Kudo Kudo, Naomi, Naoki Bandai, Yoichi Kawashima,

, Naomi, Naoki Bandai, Yoichi Kawashima,   Determination of Determination of perfluorocarboxylic perfluorocarboxylic acids by gas acids by gas liquid chromatography in rat tissues.

liquid chromatography in rat tissues.  Toxicity Toxicity Letters, 99 ( 1998) 183 Letters, 99 ( 1998) 183 190.

190.

Sottani Sottani, Christina, and Claudio , Christina, and Claudio Minoia Minoia,   Quantitative determination of Quantitative determination of perfluorooctanoic perfluorooctanoic acid ammonium salt in human serum by high acid ammonium salt in human serum by high performance liquid performance liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tan chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass dem mass spectrometry spectrometry  Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 16 ( 2002) 650 Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 16 ( 2002) 650 654.

654.

Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: Parkersburg, WV Site References: Parkersburg, WV Site ( continued)

( continued)

Flaherty, John, and Karen Flaherty, John, and Karen Risha Risha, Method of Analysis for the Determination , Method of Analysis for the Determination of Ammonium of Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoate ( APFO) in Water Revision 1,

( APFO) in Water Revision 1, Exygen Exygen Research,

Research,

State College, PA. January, 2003.

State College, PA. January, 2003.

Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), Sampling Investigation Results Little Hocking Water As Diamond), Sampling Investigation Results Little Hocking Water Association Well sociation Well Field; Washington County, Ohio, Project number 748218983762.0001 Field; Washington County, Ohio, Project number 748218983762.00010, April, 2003.

0, April, 2003.

( AR226 ( AR226 1416).

1416). Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), Groundwater Investigation Quality Assurance Project Pl Diamond), Groundwater Investigation Quality Assurance Project Plan For Washington an For Washington Works Plant, Project number D6WW7423.01, January, 2002.

Works Plant, Project number D6WW7423.01, January, 2002.

DuPont Fluoroproducts DuPont Fluoroproducts, Ammonium , Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoate ( C ( C 8) Groundwater 8) Groundwater Investigation Steering Team Report, Consent Order No. GW Investigation Steering Team Report, Consent Order No. GW 2001 2001 019, August, 2003.

019, August, 2003.

Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), C Diamond), C 8 Data Summary Report; Consent Order GWR 8 Data Summary Report; Consent Order GWR 2001 2001 019,

019, DuPont DuPont Washington Works Facility and Local Washington Works Facility and Local Letart Letart And Dry Run Landfills; Project number And Dry Run Landfills; Project number 742318983635, February, 2003. ( AR226 742318983635, February, 2003. ( AR226 1415)

1415) Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: Parkersburg, WV Site References: Parkersburg, WV Site ( continued)

( continued)

Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), C Diamond), C 8 Data Summary Report; Consent Order GWR 8 Data Summary Report; Consent Order GWR 2001 2001 019,

019, DuPont DuPont Washington Works Facility and Local Washington Works Facility and Local Letart Letart And Dry Run Landfills; Project number And Dry Run Landfills; Project number 742318983635, February, 2003. ( AR226 742318983635, February, 2003. ( AR226 1415)

1415)

DuPont DuPont ( 2003) Letter from Andrew ( 2003) Letter from Andrew Hartten Hartten to David Watkins, West Virginia to David Watkins, West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection on the subject of: 2Q03 P Department of Environmental Protection on the subject of: 2Q03 Public Water Supply ublic Water Supply Results, West Virginia and Ohio Results, West Virginia and Ohio DuPont DuPont Washington Works, Washington, WV, June Washington Works, Washington, WV, June 25, 2003. ( AR226 25, 2003. ( AR226 1417)

1417)

Sprenger Sprenger, Mark, and Michael Horne, Draft Report, Dry Run Creek;

, Mark, and Michael Horne, Draft Report, Dry Run Creek;

Washington, Wood County, West Virginia, Environmental Response T Washington, Wood County, West Virginia, Environmental Response Team Center,

eam Center,

Office of Emergency & Remedial Response, November, 1997. ( AR226 Office of Emergency & Remedial Response, November, 1997. ( AR226 1474)

1474)

DuPont Fluoroproducts DuPont Fluoroproducts, Ammonium , Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoate ( C ( C 8) Groundwater 8) Groundwater Investigation Steering Team Report, Consent Order No. GW Investigation Steering Team Report, Consent Order No. GW 2001 2001 019, August, 2003.

019, August, 2003.

Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), Site Screening Level Assessments for PFOA and the Rele Diamond), Site Screening Level Assessments for PFOA and the Relevance of Soil vance of Soil Sampling, Project number 18983753.00034, October 20, 2003.

Sampling, Project number 18983753.00034, October 20, 2003.

Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: Parkersburg, WV Site References: Parkersburg, WV Site ( continued)

( continued) Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and The W and The W C Diamond Group), RCRA Facility Investigation Report;

Diamond Group), RCRA Facility Investigation Report; DuPont DuPont Washington Works;

Washington Works;

Washington, West Virginia; USEPA Permit Number WVD04 Washington, West Virginia; USEPA Permit Number WVD04 587 587 5291, Project 5291, Project number 0D6W7205, June 30, 1999.

number 0D6W7205, June 30, 1999.

Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), Compilation of Historical C Diamond), Compilation of Historical C 8 Data;

8 Data; DuPont DuPont Washington Works; Main Washington Works; Main Plant and Landfills; Project number D6WW7423, January, 2002.

Plant and Landfills; Project number D6WW7423, January, 2002.

DuPont DuPont ( 2003) Letter from David ( 2003) Letter from David Rurak Rurak to Document Control Officer,

to Document Control Officer,

OPPT, EPA on the subject of: Follow OPPT, EPA on the subject of: Follow up to September 15, 2003 Submission of up to September 15, 2003 Submission of DuPont DuPont Progress Report on Environmental Assessments Pursuant to the APF Progress Report on Environmental Assessments Pursuant to the APFO Users LOI dated March 14, 2003: Air Dispersion Modeling Reports,

Users LOI dated March 14, 2003: Air Dispersion Modeling Reports, October 20,

October 20,

2003.

2003. Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond),

Diamond), DuPont Telomer DuPont Telomer Manufacturing Sites: Environmental Assessment of Manufacturing Sites: Environmental Assessment of PFOA Levels in Air and Water, Project number 50850118983843.0000 PFOA Levels in Air and Water, Project number 50850118983843.00003, September,

3, September,

2003.

2003. Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between Corporate Remediation Group ( An Alliance between DuPont DuPont and URS and URS Diamond), C Diamond), C 8 Data Summary Report; Consent Order GWR 8 Data Summary Report; Consent Order GWR 2001 2001 019,

019, DuPont DuPont Washington Works Facility and Local Washington Works Facility and Local Letart Letart And Dry Run Landfills; Project number And Dry Run Landfills; Project number 742318983635, February, 2003. ( AR226 742318983635, February, 2003. ( AR226 1415)

1415) Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: Parkersburg, WV Site References: Parkersburg, WV Site ( continued)

( continued) Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Society of the Plastics Industry ( SPI) ( 2003). Detecting and Quantifying Low Levels of Fluoropolymer Polymerization Aids: A Guidance Document. Fluoropolymer Manufacturers Group, Technical Working Group,

Analytical Working Group. Washington, DC. SPI Catalog No. BZ 102.

Drobny, J. G. ( 2001). Technology of Fluoropolymers. Boca Raton, FL:

CRC Press. 172 pp.

Schiers, J. ( Ed.) ( 1997). Modern Fluoropolymers: High Performance Polymers for Diverse Applications. Chichester: Wiley & Sons. 637 pp.

Taylor PH, Dellinger B, and Lee CC ( 1990). Development of a thermal stability based ranking of hazardous organic compound incinerability. Environ Sci Technol 24: 316 328.

Napoli, M., Fraccaro C, Scipioni A, and Armelli R ( 1984). Thermal decomposition of pefluoroalkanesurfonyl fluorides: The pyrolysis of perfluoro

noctane 1 sulfonyl fluoride. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 24: 377 385.

Tsang W, Burgess DR, and Babushok V ( 1998). On the incinerability of highly fluorinated organic compounds. Combustion Science and Technology 139: 385 402. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers at the at the Decatur, AL Facility Decatur, AL Facility Available Data Available Data Several studies of PFOA contamination in the vicinity of the Dec Several studies of PFOA contamination in the vicinity of the Decatur facility.

atur facility.

PFOA has been detected in wastewater, surface water, sediment, a PFOA has been detected in wastewater, surface water, sediment, and fish nd fish tissue near the facility outfall and in areas downstream; some f tissue near the facility outfall and in areas downstream; some fish collected ish collected upstream of the outfall had measurable PFOA concentrations as we upstream of the outfall had measurable PFOA concentrations as well. In ll. In groundwater, PFOA was detected at groundwater, PFOA was detected at ppm ppm levels near the facility, including some levels near the facility, including some upgradient upgradient wells. Contaminant plumes have been detected at the facility a wells. Contaminant plumes have been detected at the facility and at nd at a nearby landfill.

a nearby landfill. References References A limited amount of air modeling data have been generated for th A limited amount of air modeling data have been generated for the Decatur e Decatur facility, but the data have not undergone a rigorous analysis an facility, but the data have not undergone a rigorous analysis and EPA needs d EPA needs additional information in order to better understand the results additional information in order to better understand the results. References References Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Ongoing monitoring at the facility is being conducted and the Ag Ongoing monitoring at the facility is being conducted and the Agency expects ency expects to receive this data when it becomes available.

to receive this data when it becomes available. Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Manufacturing facilities and off site from these facilities: concentrations in air, surface water, groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, soil,

sludges, and biota. Very little off site data are available to the Agency,

and thus, the extent of the contribution of these point sources to the general population exposures is largely unknown.

These data are needed to better understand the pathway from air These data are needed to better understand the pathway from air transport and deposition onto soil followed by migration to grou transport and deposition onto soil followed by migration to groundwater.

ndwater.

This would enable EPA to determine the potential for these point This would enable EPA to determine the potential for these point sources sources to impact the general population.

to impact the general population.

Manufacture of Manufacture of Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers at the at the Decatur, AL Facility ( continued)

Decatur, AL Facility ( continued)

Continue Return to Fluoropolymer Manufacture Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References:

References: Fluoropolymer Fluoropolymer Manufacture Manufacture Decatur, AL Site Decatur, AL Site Return Entrix Entrix, Inc. A Survey of Selected , Inc. A Survey of Selected Fluorochemicals Fluorochemicals in the Decatur Alabama in the Decatur Alabama Area 2002 Sampling, prepared for 3M, St. Paul, Minnesota, July,

Area 2002 Sampling, prepared for 3M, St. Paul, Minnesota, July, 2003.

2003.

3M Company ( 2003) Letter from Michael Santoro to Document Contro 3M Company ( 2003) Letter from Michael Santoro to Document Control Officer, OPPT, EPA on the subject of: Submission of Monitoring D Officer, OPPT, EPA on the subject of: Submission of Monitoring Data Pursuant to the ata Pursuant to the 3M LOI dated March 13, 2003 and APFO Users LOI dated March 14, 2 3M LOI dated March 13, 2003 and APFO Users LOI dated March 14, 2003, August 1,

003, August 1,

2003.

2003. Alabama Department of Environmental Management, National Polluta Alabama Department of Environmental Management, National Polluta nt nt Discharge Elimination System Permit, Daikin America, Inc. ( AL006 Discharge Elimination System Permit, Daikin America, Inc. ( AL0064351) no date.

4351) no date.

DuPont DuPont ( 2003) Letter from David ( 2003) Letter from David Rurak Rurak to Document Control Officer, OPPT,

to Document Control Officer, OPPT,

EPA on the subject of: Follow EPA on the subject of: Follow up to September 15, 2003 Submission of up to September 15, 2003 Submission of DuPont DuPont Progress Report on Environmental Assessments Pursuant to the APF Progress Report on Environmental Assessments Pursuant to the APFO Users LOI O Users LOI dated March 14, 2003: Air Dispersion Modeling Reports, October 2 dated March 14, 2003: Air Dispersion Modeling Reports, October 20, 2003.

0, 2003.

Daikin ( 2003) Letter from Randy Daikin ( 2003) Letter from Randy Roussel Roussel to Document Control Officer,

to Document Control Officer,

OPPT, EPA on the subject of: Progress Report on Monitoring Effor OPPT, EPA on the subject of: Progress Report on Monitoring Efforts at Daikin ts at Daikin America, Inc. Decatur Facility, September 15, 2003.

America, Inc. Decatur Facility, September 15, 2003.

3M Environmental Laboratory, Environmental Monitoring 3M Environmental Laboratory, Environmental Monitoring  Multi Multi City Study;

City Study;

Water, Sludge, Sediment, POTW Effluent and Landfill Water, Sludge, Sediment, POTW Effluent and Landfill Leachate Leachate Samples. June 25,

Samples. June 25,

2001.

2001. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Shipping From Shipping From Fluoropolymer Fluoropolymer Manufacturer to Customers Manufacturer to Customers Return Available Data Available Data EPA has no information on what types of containers are used, and EPA has no information on what types of containers are used, and how the how the shipping containers are handled.

shipping containers are handled.

Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA The Dispersion Processor Materials Balance Study, with a targete The Dispersion Processor Materials Balance Study, with a targeted completion d completion date of 2Q 2004, should provide some information on amount of co date of 2Q 2004, should provide some information on amount of container waste ntainer waste for dispersions.

for dispersions.

Additional Data Needed via ECA Additional Data Needed via ECA None at this time.

None at this time. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers:

Article Manufacturing Article Manufacturing Return Available Data Available Data There are two broad uses of There are two broad uses of fluoropolymers fluoropolymers: a) solid polymer which is ultimately : a) solid polymer which is ultimately molded to form articles, and b)

molded to form articles, and b) fluoropolymer fluoropolymer dispersed in a liquid matrix, with dispersed in a liquid matrix, with PFOA used to stabilize the emulsion. The dispersions are applie PFOA used to stabilize the emulsion. The dispersions are applied onto the article d onto the article and the article is heated to drive off PFOA and to impart favora and the article is heated to drive off PFOA and to impart favorable properties.

ble properties.

References References Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Dispersion Materials Balance Study will assess the potential for Dispersion Materials Balance Study will assess the potential for APFO APFO environmental releases during dispersion processing. The targe environmental releases during dispersion processing. The target date for t date for completion of the study is 2Q 2004.

completion of the study is 2Q 2004.

Additional Data Needed via ECA Additional Data Needed via ECA Monitoring on Monitoring on site and off site and off site of concentrations in air, soil, surface water,

site of concentrations in air, soil, surface water,

groundwater, wastewater treatment and groundwater, wastewater treatment and sludges sludges, and biota is needed to enable , and biota is needed to enable the Agency to determine whether these facilities are significant the Agency to determine whether these facilities are significant sources of PFOA.

sources of PFOA. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers:

Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Available Data Available Data EPA has information on the thermal breakdown of PFOA.

EPA has information on the thermal breakdown of PFOA. The study authors The study authors burned burned fluoropolymers fluoropolymers and detected PFOA. However, thermal degradation data and detected PFOA. However, thermal degradation data were not included in this study.

were not included in this study. EPA also has basic information on EPA also has basic information on fluoropolymers fluoropolymers, including information on solvents and their impact on , including information on solvents and their impact on fluoropolymer fluoropolymer materials.

materials.

References References Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA FMG has committed under its LOI to test high and low heat consum FMG has committed under its LOI to test high and low heat consumer and er and industrial articles of commerce using FDA Guidance for Industry industrial articles of commerce using FDA Guidance for Industry ( April 2002),

( April 2002),

using water and other extraction solvents as appropriate, using using water and other extraction solvents as appropriate, using LC/ MS/ MS analysis LC/ MS/ MS analysis and the and the Exygen Exygen method. In addition, a proposed ECA is under discussion and method. In addition, a proposed ECA is under discussion and there is an agreement in principle. The proposed ECA will addre there is an agreement in principle. The proposed ECA will address testing ss testing membranes for apparel, household cookware, plenum cable and thre membranes for apparel, household cookware, plenum cable and thread sealant ad sealant tape using a solvent that is identified by a solvent comparison tape using a solvent that is identified by a solvent comparison test, in a mass test, in a mass balance method and a method proposed by FMG to determine the pot balance method and a method proposed by FMG to determine the potential for ential for generation of PFOA and characterization of release of PFOA from generation of PFOA and characterization of release of PFOA from articles.

articles.

Continue Return to Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers:

Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal ( continued)

( continued)

Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Thermal degradation data are needed. This testing may be incor Thermal degradation data are needed. This testing may be incorporated into porated into the article testing proposed, but EPA needs additional informati the article testing proposed, but EPA needs additional information to determine on to determine whether the testing will be adequate.

whether the testing will be adequate.

This testing would determine the level at which This testing would determine the level at which fluoropolymers fluoropolymers may thermally may thermally degrade in routine use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of arti degrade in routine use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of articles.

cles.

Return to Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References:

References:

Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Article Use/ Breakdown/ Disposal Return Ellis, David, Jonathan Martin, Derek Muir, and Scott Ellis, David, Jonathan Martin, Derek Muir, and Scott Mabury Mabury,   The use of The use of 19 19 F NMR and mass spectrometry for the elucidation of novel fluorinat NMR and mass spectrometry for the elucidation of novel fluorinated acids and ed acids and atmospheric atmospheric fluoroacid fluoroacid precursors evolved in the precursors evolved in the thermolysis thermolysis of of fluoropolymers fluoropolymers  The The Analyst 128 ( 2003) 756 Analyst 128 ( 2003) 756 764.

764.

Dionex Dionex Corp. ( 2000). Accelerated solvent extraction ( ASE) of additives Corp. ( 2000). Accelerated solvent extraction ( ASE) of additives from from polymer materials. Application Note 331.

polymer materials. Application Note 331.

American Society for Testing and Materials ( ASTM). Standard guid American Society for Testing and Materials ( ASTM). Standard guide for e for small small scale emission chamber determinations from indoor materials/ prod scale emission chamber determinations from indoor materials/ products. ASTM ucts. ASTM D 5116 5116 97. Available at 97. Available at www.

www. astm astm. org . org.

3M Corp. ( 2003). Letter from Michael Santoro and George Millet t 3M Corp. ( 2003). Letter from Michael Santoro and George Millet to Document Control Officer, OPPT, EPA on the subject of physical/ c Document Control Officer, OPPT, EPA on the subject of physical/ chemical properties hemical properties of of fluoropolymers fluoropolymers.

APFO Users ( 2003). APFO Users Letter of Intent,

APFO Users ( 2003). APFO Users Letter of Intent,   Voluntary actions to Voluntary actions to evaluate and control emissions of Ammonium evaluate and control emissions of Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Perfluorooctanoate ( APFO).

( APFO).

Submitted with a cover letter from Don Duncan, The Society of th Submitted with a cover letter from Don Duncan, The Society of the Plastics Industry,

e Plastics Industry,

to Stephen L. Johnson, Assistant Administrator, OPPTS, EPA. Marc to Stephen L. Johnson, Assistant Administrator, OPPTS, EPA. March 14, 2003.

h 14, 2003. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA Fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers: Biota : Biota Available Data Available Data EPA has reviewed biota data in wildlife from Japan and Korea, in EPA has reviewed biota data in wildlife from Japan and Korea, in a limited study of a limited study of alfalfa collected from the site of a 3M facility which encounter alfalfa collected from the site of a 3M facility which encountered analytical ed analytical problems, and from a market basket study also conducted by 3M.

problems, and from a market basket study also conducted by 3M. The m The market arket basket study included food purchased in Mobile, AL; Columbus, GA basket study included food purchased in Mobile, AL; Columbus, GA; Decatur, AL;

; Decatur, AL;

Pensacola, FL; Cleveland, TN; and Port St.

Pensacola, FL; Cleveland, TN; and Port St. Lucie Lucie, FL.

, FL. For each city, six samples of For each city, six samples of each of the following types of food were sampled:

each of the following types of food were sampled: green beans, apples, pork,

green beans, apples, pork,

chicken, eggs, milk, bread, hot dogs, fish, and ground beef. Thi chicken, eggs, milk, bread, hot dogs, fish, and ground beef. Thi s yielded 36 total s yielded 36 total samples for each food type.

samples for each food type. Purchase times and food origins were uncertain for Purchase times and food origins were uncertain for all samples. PFOA was not detected in chicken, pork, eggs, hot all samples. PFOA was not detected in chicken, pork, eggs, hot dogs, or fish.

dogs, or fish.

PFOS ( but not PFOA) was detected in milk. PFOA was detected in PFOS ( but not PFOA) was detected in milk. PFOA was detected in one green bean one green bean sample, two apple samples, one bread sample, and two ground beef sample, two apple samples, one bread sample, and two ground beef samples. This samples. This is a useful study, but the number of samples collected was very is a useful study, but the number of samples collected was very small compared to small compared to other studies ( e. g., Pesticide Data Program) which are used to p other studies ( e. g., Pesticide Data Program) which are used to provide reliable rovide reliable results about the nation results about the nation  s food supply.

s food supply. References References Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA Pending/ Expected Data via LOI or Proposed ECA None None Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale Additional Data Needed via ECA and Rationale EPA is consulting our internal experts to evaluate these studies EPA is consulting our internal experts to evaluate these studies and will then and will then prepare an Agency review of the data, including whether addition prepare an Agency review of the data, including whether additional data are al data are needed via an ECA and rationale.

needed via an ECA and rationale. Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: Biota References: Biota Continue Sanderson, Hans, Timothy Boudreau, Scott Sanderson, Hans, Timothy Boudreau, Scott Mabury Mabury, Keith Solomon,

, Keith Solomon,

  Impact of Impact of perfluorooctanoic perfluorooctanoic acid on the zooplankton community in indoor acid on the zooplankton community in indoor microcosms. microcosms.  Aquatic Toxicology, 63 ( 2003) 227 Aquatic Toxicology, 63 ( 2003) 227 234.

234.

Kannan Kannan, Kurunthachalam Kurunthachalam, Jae Jae Won Won Choi Choi, Naomasa Naomasa Iseki,

Iseki, Kurunthachalam Kurunthachalam Senthilkumar Senthilkumar, Dong Kim, Shigeki , Dong Kim, Shigeki Masunaga Masunaga, and John , and John Giesy Giesy,   Concentrations of Concentrations of perfluorinated perfluorinated acids in livers of birds from Japan and Korea,

acids in livers of birds from Japan and Korea,  Chemosphere Chemosphere 49 ( 202)

49 ( 202)

225 225 231.

231. Ohya Ohya, Takeshi, Naomi , Takeshi, Naomi Kudo Kudo, Erika Suzuki, Yoichi Kawashima,

, Erika Suzuki, Yoichi Kawashima,

  Determination of Determination of perfluorinated perfluorinated carboxylic acids in biological samples by high carboxylic acids in biological samples by high

performance liquid chromatography performance liquid chromatography  Journal of Chromatography 720 ( 1998) 1 Journal of Chromatography 720 ( 1998) 1 7.

7.

Giesy Giesy, John P. and , John P. and Kurunthachalam Kannan Kurunthachalam Kannan,   Global Distribution of Global Distribution of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Wildlife in Wildlife  Environmental Science & Technology, 35 Environmental Science & Technology, 35 ( 2001) 1339 ( 2001) 1339 1342.

1342.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. Pesticide Data Program. Annua U. S. Department of Agriculture. Pesticide Data Program. Annual Summary l Summary Calendar Year 2001. February 2003.

Calendar Year 2001. February 2003. Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References: Biota ( continued)

References: Biota ( continued)

Kannan Kannan, Kurunthachalam Kurunthachalam, J. Christian , J. Christian Franson Franson, William W.

, William W. Bowerman Bowerman, Kris , Kris J. Hansen, Paul D. Jones, and John P.

J. Hansen, Paul D. Jones, and John P. Giesy Giesy,   Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Fish in Fish

Eating Water Birds Including Bald Eagles and Albatrosses Eating Water Birds Including Bald Eagles and Albatrosses  Environmental Science &

Environmental Science &

Technology, 35 ( 2001) 3065 Technology, 35 ( 2001) 3065 3070.

3070.

Kannan Kannan, Kurunthachalam Kurunthachalam, Jaana Koistinen Jaana Koistinen, Kimberlee Beckmen Kimberlee Beckmen, Thomas , Thomas Evans, Jay F.

Evans, Jay F. Gorzelany Gorzelany, Kris J. Hansen, Paul D. Jones,

, Kris J. Hansen, Paul D. Jones, Eero Helle Eero Helle, Madeleine , Madeleine Nyman Nyman, and John P.

, and John P. Giesy Giesy,   Accumulation of Accumulation of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Marine in Marine Mammals Mammals  Environmental Science & Technology, 35 ( 2001) 1593 Environmental Science & Technology, 35 ( 2001) 1593 1598.

1598.

3M Environmental Technology and Safety Services, Alfalfa Summary 3M Environmental Technology and Safety Services, Alfalfa Summary,

Centre Centre Analytical Laboratories, Inc., State College, PA, no date.

Analytical Laboratories, Inc., State College, PA, no date.

3M Environmental Technology and Safety Services, Analysis of PFO 3M Environmental Technology and Safety Services, Analysis of PFOS and S and PFOA From Various food Matrices Using HPLC PFOA From Various food Matrices Using HPLC Electrospray Electrospray/ Mass Spectrometry,

/ Mass Spectrometry,

Centre Centre Analytical Laboratories, Inc., State College, PA, June 21, 2001 Analytical Laboratories, Inc., State College, PA, June 21, 2001.

Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References:

References:

Air Air Franklin, James, Screening Assessment of the Potential for Franklin, James, Screening Assessment of the Potential for Long Long Range Atmospheric Transport of Range Atmospheric Transport of perfluorooctanoic perfluorooctanoic acid,

acid, Solvay Solvay Research & Technology, March 24, 2002.

Research & Technology, March 24, 2002. Return to Environmental Fate Draft 12 09 2003 EPA References:

References:

Manufactured Articles Manufactured Articles Society of the Plastics Industry ( SPI) ( 2003). Detecting and Quantifying Low Levels of Fluoropolymer Polymerization Aids: A Guidance Document. Fluoropolymer Manufacturers Group, Technical Working Group,

Analytical Working Group. Washington, DC. SPI Catalog No. BZ 102.

Dixon, DA ( 2001). Fluorochemical decomposition processes.

Unpublished. 6 pages.

Society of the Plastics Industry ( SPI) Fluoropolymers Division ( 1998).

Guide to the Safe Handling of Fluoropolymer Resins ( 3 rd Edition.) Washington,

DC: SPI, 1998. 103 pp. Return to Environmental Fate


[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 72 (Thursday, April 14, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Page 22133]
[FR Doc No: 2016-08550]

=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Upon Written Request Copies Available From: Securities and Exchange
Commission, Office of FOIA Services, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC
20549-2736.

    Extension: Form F-7, OMB Control No. 3235-0383, SEC File No.
270-331

    Notice is hereby given that, pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction
Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), the Securities and Exchange
Commission (``Commission'') has submitted to the Office of Management
and Budget this request for extension of the previously approved
collection of information discussed below.
    Form F-7 (17 CFR 239.37) is a registration statement under the
Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.) used to register
securities that are offered for cash upon the exercise of rights
granted to a registrant's existing security holders to purchase or
subscribe such securities. The information collected is intended to
ensure that the information required to be filed by the Commission
permits verification of compliance with securities law requirements and
assures the public availability of such information. The information
provided is mandatory and all information is made available to the
public upon request. Form F-7 takes approximately 4 hours per response
to prepare and is filed by approximately 5 respondents. We estimate
that 25% of 4 hours per response (one hour) is prepared by the company
for a total annual reporting burden of 5 hours (one hour per response x
5 responses).
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a
currently valid control number.
    The public may view the background documentation for this
information collection at the following Web site, www.reginfo.gov.
Comments should be directed to: (i) Desk Officer for the Securities and
Exchange Commission, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs,
Office of Management and Budget, Room 10102, New Executive Office
Building, Washington, DC 20503, or by sending an email to:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and (ii) Pamela Dyson, Director/Chief
Information Officer, Securities and Exchange Commission, c/o Remi
Pavlik-Simon, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549 or send an email
to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Comments must be submitted to OMB within 30
days of this notice.

    Dated: April 8, 2016.
Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-08550 Filed 4-13-16; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 8011-01-P


[Federal Register Volume 82, Number 72 (Monday, April 17, 2017)]
[Notices]
[Page 18142]
[FR Doc No: 2017-07693]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

Combined Notice of Filings

    Take notice that the Commission has received the following Natural
Gas Pipeline Rate and Refund Report filings:

Filings Instituting Proceedings

    Docket Numbers: RP16-1097-003.
    Applicants: KO Transmission Company.
    Description: KO Transmission Company submits tariff filing per
385.602: KO Transmission Rate Case Settlement Filing to be effective 4/
1/2017.
    Filed Date: 04/10/2017.
    Accession Number: 20170410-5256.
    Comment Date: 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Monday, April 24, 2017.

    Docket Numbers: RP17-553-000.
    Applicants: Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company.
    Description: Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC submits
tariff filing per 154.205(a): Withdraw--GT&C Section 46--Failure of
Electronic Equipment.
    Filed Date: 04/10/2017.
    Accession Number: 20170410-5200.
    Comment Date: 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Monday, April 24, 2017.

    The filings are accessible in the Commission's eLibrary system by
clicking on the links or querying the docket number.
    Any person desiring to intervene or protest in any of the above
proceedings must file in accordance with Rules 211 and 214 of the
Commission's Regulations (18 CFR 385.211 and 385.214) on or before 5:00
p.m. Eastern time on the specified comment date. Protests may be
considered, but intervention is necessary to become a party to the
proceeding.
    eFiling is encouraged. More detailed information relating to filing
requirements, interventions, protests, service, and qualifying
facilities filings can be found at: http://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/efiling/filing-req.pdf. For other information, call<PHONE_NUMBER>
(toll free). For TTY, call<PHONE_NUMBER>.

    Dated: April 11, 2017.
Kimberly D. Bose,
 Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2017-07693 Filed 4-14-17; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6717-01-P


[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 86 (Wednesday, May 4, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Page 26844]
[FR Doc No: 2016-10438]

=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. IC-32099]

Notice of Applications for Deregistration Under Section 8(f) of
the Investment Company Act of 1940

April 29, 2016.
    The following is a notice of applications for deregistration under
section 8(f) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 for the month of
April 2016. A copy of each application may be obtained via the
Commission's Web site by searching for the file number, or for an
applicant using the Company name box, at http://www.sec.gov/search/search.htm or by calling<PHONE_NUMBER>. An order granting each
application will be issued unless the SEC orders a hearing. Interested
persons may request a hearing on any application by writing to the
SEC's Secretary at the address below and serving the relevant applicant
with a copy of the request, personally or by mail. Hearing requests
should be received by the SEC by 5:30 p.m. on May 24, 2016, and should
be accompanied by proof of service on applicants, in the form of an
affidavit or, for lawyers, a certificate of service. Pursuant to Rule
0-5 under the Act, hearing requests should state the nature of the
writer's interest, any facts bearing upon the desirability of a hearing
on the matter, the reason for the request, and the issues contested.
Persons who wish to be notified of a hearing may request notification
by writing to the Commission's Secretary.

ADDRESSES: The Commission: Secretary, U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission, 100 F Street NE., Washington, DC 20549-1090.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Hae-Sung Lee, Attorney-Adviser, at
(202) 551-7345 or Chief Counsel's Office at<PHONE_NUMBER>; SEC,
Division of Investment Management, Chief Counsel's Office, 100 F Street
NE., Washington, DC 20549-8010.

Goldman Sachs Municipal Opportunity Fund [File No. 811-22248]

    Summary: Applicant, a closed-end investment company, seeks an order
declaring that it has ceased to be an investment company. Applicant has
never made a public offering of its securities and does not propose to
make a public offering or engage in business of any kind.
    Filing Dates: The application was filed on March 21, 2016 and
amended on March 28, 2016.
    Applicant's Address: 71 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois
60606.

Gottex Trust [File No. 811-22889]

    Summary: Applicant seeks an order declaring that it has ceased to
be an investment company. On March 4, 2016, applicant made a
liquidating distribution to its shareholders, based on net asset value.
Expenses of $93,525 incurred in connection with the liquidation were
paid by applicant and applicant's investment adviser.
    Filing Date: The application was filed on April 4, 2016.
    Applicant's Address: One Boston Place, Suite 2600, 201 Washington
St., Boston, Massachusetts 02109.

The Hartford Alternative Strategies Fund [File No. 811-22610]

    Summary: Applicant seeks an order declaring that it has ceased to
be an investment company. On November 23, 2015, applicant made a
liquidating distribution to its shareholders, based on net asset value.
Expenses of approximately $35,000 incurred in connection with the
liquidation were paid by applicant's investment adviser.
    Filing Date: The application was filed on April 7, 2016.
    Applicant's Address: 5 Radnor Corporate Center, Suite 300, 100
Matsonford Road, Radnor, Pennsylvania 19087.

Cheswold Lane Funds [File No. 811-21891]

    Summary: Applicant seeks an order declaring that it has ceased to
be an investment company. On February 29, 2016, applicant made a
liquidating distribution to its sole remaining shareholder, based on
net asset value. Applicant incurred no expenses in connection with the
liquidation.
    Filing Dates: The application was filed on April 1, 2016 and
amended on April 27, 2016.
    Applicant's Address: 100 Front Street, Suite 960, West
Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428.
    For the Commission, by the Division of Investment Management,
pursuant to delegated authority.

Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-10438 Filed 5-3-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P