SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States; Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 362 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 337.   Expenditures of degree granting institutions, by purpose and by control and type of institution: 1995   96 1 Control and type of institution Current fund expenditures Educational and general expenditures Total Instruction Research Public service Academic support Total Libraries only 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 In thousands Total ......................................................... $ 190,476,163 $ 151,445,605 $ 57,810,033 $ 17,517,887 $ 7,007,413 $ 13,297,063 $ 4,293,363 Public ............................................................ 119,524,500 96,085,623 38,653,245 12,076,357 5,321,014 9,004,113 2,690,547 Research I universities 3 ........................... 44,391,472 32,554,192 10,940,654 7,985,405 2,551,389 3,164,464 904,547 Research II universities 3 .......................... 7,321,555 6,295,468 2,334,613 1,107,188 500,296 653,614 212,284 Doctoral universities ................................. 12,654,818 11,100,406 4,224,600 1,282,938 647,497 1,146,700 370,321 Master's .................................................... 19,294,804 16,567,809 7,493,334 532,501 584,189 1,579,379 574,428 Baccalaureate ........................................... 2,569,266 2,219,738 893,402 33,202 75,663 223,347 76,867 Associate of arts ....................................... 21,546,546 20,202,436 9,737,645 23,168 475,198 1,691,120 448,225 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 11,649,588 7,052,919 2,998,217 1,111,474 485,310 536,963 101,722 Health and medicine .............................. 9,791,333 5,387,219 2,453,843 1,015,905 465,127 347,353 70,352 Engineering ........................................... 213,755 194,784 75,269 21,607 4,533 16,144 5,921 Business ................................................ 29,076 26,938 12,068 0 1,322 2,970 744 Fine arts ................................................ 120,995 110,530 48024 0 1,112 13,832 3,755 Other specialized .................................. 1,494,427 1,333,449 409,013 73,962 13,216 156,663 20,950 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 96,452 92,655 30,780 481 1,472 8,524 2,154 4 year .................................................... 23,036 22,705 6,270 69 329 2,129 652 2 year .................................................... 73,416 69,951 24,510 412 1,143 6,395 1,501 Private .......................................................... 70,951,662 55,359,982 19,156,788 5,441,530 1,686,399 4,292,950 1,602,816 Research I universities 3 ........................... 27,593,269 18,402,482 6,688,949 3,974,170 537,817 1,458,295 552,107 Research II universities 3 .......................... 4,021,082 2,795,688 1,074,243 324,401 22,069 236,600 93,065 Doctoral universities ................................. 6,433,667 5,669,088 2,095,623 354,658 264,491 500,356 185,027 Master's .................................................... 10,174,350 9,023,040 3,161,786 161,815 122,211 699,872 259,468 Baccalaureate ........................................... 13,203,120 11,408,175 3,518,386 101,988 77,543 799,360 339,054 Associate of arts ....................................... 1,883,084 1,761,461 544,889 1,315 3,748 117,272 22,527 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 7,611,939 6,269,565 2,064,888 523,176 653,280 478,615 151,142 Religion and theology ........................... 987,438 869,961 256,000 4,687 11,446 88,651 48,877 Health and medicine ............................. 3,965,671 2,942,170 989,420 482,838 614,131 167,825 36,170 Engineering ........................................... 378,215 352,606 115,548 29,216 1,283 23,905 5,257 Business ................................................ 969,156 875,588 256,884 106 4,413 91,476 16,656 Fine arts ................................................ 809,089 744,844 257,914 203 10,426 52,091 12,608 Other specialized .................................. 502,370 484,396 189,122 6,127 11,580 54,667 31,573 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 31,152 30,483 8,025 6 5,239 2,581 427 4 year .................................................... 12,079 11,814 3,229 6 4,030 695 174 2 year .................................................... 19,074 18,669 4,796 0 1,209 1,886 253 Percentage distribution of current fund expenditures Total ......................................................... 100.00 79.51 30.35 9.20 3.68 6.98 2.25 Public ............................................................. 100.00 80.39 32.34 10.10 4.45 7.53 2.25 Research I universities 3 ........................... 100.00 73.33 24.65 17.99 5.75 7.13 2.04 Research II universities 3 .......................... 100.00 85.99 31.89 15.12 6.83 8.93 2.90 Doctoral universities ................................. 100.00 87.72 33.38 10.14 5.12 9.06 2.93 Master's ..................................................... 100.00 85.87 38.84 2.76 3.03 8.19 2.98 Baccalaureate ........................................... 100.00 86.40 34.77 1.29 2.94 8.69 2.99 Associate of arts ....................................... 100.00 93.76 45.19 0.11 2.21 7.85 2.08 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 100.00 60.54 25.74 9.54 4.17 4.61 0.87 Health and medicine .............................. 100.00 55.02 25.06 10.38 4.75 3.55 0.72 Engineering ........................................... 100.00 91.12 35.21 10.11 2.12 7.55 2.77 Business ................................................ 100.00 92.64 41.50 0.00 4.55 10.22 2.56 Fine arts ................................................ 100.00 91.35 39.69 0.00 0.92 11.43 3.10 Other specialized .................................. 100.00 89.23 27.37 4.95 0.88 10.48 1.40 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 100.00 96.06 31.91 0.50 1.53 8.84 2.23 4 year .................................................... 100.00 98.56 27.22 0.30 1.43 9.24 2.83 2 year .................................................... 100.00 95.28 33.38 0.56 1.56 8.71 2.04 Private .......................................................... 100.00 78.02 27.00 7.67 2.38 6.05 2.26 Research I universities 3 ........................... 100.00 66.69 24.24 14.40 1.95 5.28 2.00 Research II universities 3 .......................... 100.00 69.53 26.72 8.07 0.55 5.88 2.31 Doctoral universities ................................. 100.00 88.12 32.57 5.51 4.11 7.78 2.88 Master's ..................................................... 100.00 88.68 31.08 1.59 1.20 6.88 2.55 Baccalaureate ........................................... 100.00 86.41 26.65 0.77 0.59 6.05 2.57 Associate of arts ....................................... 100.00 93.54 28.94 0.07 0.20 6.23 1.20 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 100.00 82.36 27.13 6.87 8.58 6.29 1.99 Religion and theology ........................... 100.00 88.10 25.93 0.47 1.16 8.98 4.95 Health and medicine ............................. 100.00 74.19 24.95 12.18 15.49 4.23 0.91 Engineering ........................................... 100.00 93.23 30.55 7.72 0.34 6.32 1.39 Business ................................................ 100.00 90.35 26.51 0.01 0.46 9.44 1.72 Fine arts ................................................ 100.00 92.06 31.88 0.03 1.29 6.44 1.56 Other specialized .................................. 100.00 96.42 37.65 1.22 2.30 10.88 6.28 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 100.00 97.85 25.76 0.02 16.82 8.28 1.37 4 year .................................................... 100.00 97.81 26.73 0.05 33.36 5.75 1.44 2 year .................................................... 100.00 97.88 25.14 0.00 6.34 9.89 1.32 363 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 337.   Expenditures of degree granting institutions, by purpose and by control and type of institution: 1995   96 1   Continued Control and type of institution Educational and general expenditures Auxiliary enterprises Hospitals Independent operations 2 Student services Institutional support Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships Mandatory transfers 1 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 In thousands Total ......................................................... $ 9,630,576 $ 18,255,769 $ 12,330,885 $ 13,195,102 $ 2,400,876 $ 17,599,061 $ 17,940,986 $ 3,490,511 Public ........................................................... 5,810,403 10,710,279 8,005,101 5,084,653 1,420,459 11,309,031 11,878,939 250,906 Research I universities 3 ........................... 1,096,586 2,198,520 2,146,919 1,858,537 611,717 4,271,937 7,472,224 93,118 Research II universities 3 .......................... 293,437 514,892 453,506 355,504 82,417 1,024,624 0 1,463 Doctoral universities ................................. 612,280 1,522,084 823,667 659,211 181,428 1,529,439 20,596 4,377 Master's .................................................... 1,222,814 2,156,871 1,604,038 1,113,893 280,791 2,504,384 208,917 13,693 Baccalaureate ........................................... 209,354 330,278 235,586 175,432 43,473 308,605 0 40,922 Associate of arts ....................................... 2,167,115 3,110,851 2,071,045 773,332 152,962 1,330,303 0 13,807 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 196,586 857,882 659,023 141,058 66,407 336,997 4,177,202 82,471 Health and medicine ............................. 49,555 580,654 352,687 66,446 55,648 217,319 4,107,770 79,026 Engineering ........................................... 11,571 26,182 19,936 11,782 7,760 15,532 0 3,440 Business ............................................... 1,816 4,156 2,493 2,113 0 2,139 0 0 Fine arts ................................................ 8,705 19,996 12,675 6,137 49 10,466 0 0 Other specialized .................................. 124,939 226,893 271,232 54,581 2,950 91,542 69,432 5 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 12,230 18,901 11,317 7,686 1,265 2,742 0 1,055 4 year .................................................... 5,375 4,852 2,846 834 0 331 0 0 2 year .................................................... 6,855 14,049 8,471 6,852 1,265 2,411 0 1,055 Private .......................................................... 3,820,174 7,545,490 4,325,784 8,110,450 980,417 6,290,030 6,062,047 3,239,604 Research I universities 3 ........................... 591,377 1,732,531 1,258,193 1,845,798 315,352 1,750,388 4,565,567 2,874,832 Research II universities 3 .......................... 124,817 322,619 205,766 441,343 43,830 513,310 697,841 14,242 Doctoral universities ................................. 346,964 776,419 428,873 781,422 120,281 612,033 101,280 51,266 Master's .................................................... 887,939 1,391,852 679,744 1,718,153 199,668 1,122,730 9,311 19,269 Baccalaureate ........................................... 1,212,265 1,907,387 991,314 2,598,646 201,286 1,748,771 0 46,174 Associate of arts ....................................... 269,259 387,789 218,743 213,558 4,889 120,791 0 832 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 383,426 1,021,622 541,084 508,792 94,682 421,337 688,047 232,991 Religion and theology ........................... 65,162 220,057 106,645 110,020 7,293 111,346 424 5,706 Health and medicine ............................. 84,605 298,123 195,532 71,184 38,512 113,931 686,826 222,745 Engineering ........................................... 33,502 67,490 29,185 42,065 10,412 25,609 0 0 Business ............................................... 105,547 189,554 72,504 136,079 19,027 93,568 0 0 Fine arts ................................................ 59,516 149,877 90,413 111,100 13,304 60,038 0 4,206 Other specialized .................................. 35,095 96,521 46,806 38,344 6,134 16,844 797 333 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 4,128 5,271 2,066 2,737 429 670 0 0 4 year .................................................... 615 1,469 385 1,385 0 265 0 0 2 year .................................................... 3,512 3,803 1,681 1,352 429 405 0 0 Percentage distribution of current fund expenditures Total ......................................................... 5.06 9.58 6.47 6.93 1.26 9.24 9.42 1.83 Public ........................................................... 4.86 8.96 6.70 4.25 1.19 9.46 9.94 0.21 Research I universities 3 ........................... 2.47 4.95 4.84 4.19 1.38 9.62 16.83 0.21 Research II universities 3 .......................... 4.01 7.03 6.19 4.86 1.13 13.99 0.00 0.02 Doctoral universities ................................. 4.84 12.03 6.51 5.21 1.43 12.09 0.16 0.03 Master's .................................................... 6.34 11.18 8.31 5.77 1.46 12.98 1.08 0.07 Baccalaureate ........................................... 8.15 12.85 9.17 6.83 1.69 12.01 0.00 1.59 Associate of arts ....................................... 10.06 14.44 9.61 3.59 0.71 6.17 0.00 0.06 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 1.69 7.36 5.66 1.21 0.57 2.89 35.86 0.71 Health and medicine ............................. 0.51 5.93 3.60 0.68 0.57 2.22 41.95 0.81 Engineering ........................................... 5.41 12.25 9.33 5.51 3.63 7.27 0.00 1.61 Business ............................................... 6.25 14.29 8.57 7.27 0.00 7.36 0.00 0.00 Fine arts ................................................ 7.19 16.53 10.48 5.07 0.04 8.65 0.00 0.00 Other specialized .................................. 8.36 15.18 18.15 3.65 0.20 6.13 4.65 0.00 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 12.68 19.60 11.73 7.97 1.31 2.84 0.00 1.09 4 year .................................................... 23.33 21.06 12.36 3.62 0.00 1.44 0.00 0.00 2 year .................................................... 9.34 19.14 11.54 9.33 1.72 3.28 0.00 1.44 Private .......................................................... 5.38 10.63 6.10 11.43 1.38 8.87 8.54 4.57 Research I universities 3 ........................... 2.14 6.28 4.56 6.69 1.14 6.34 16.55 10.42 Research II universities 3 .......................... 3.10 8.02 5.12 10.98 1.09 12.77 17.35 0.35 Doctoral universities ................................. 5.39 12.07 6.67 12.15 1.87 9.51 1.57 0.80 Master's .................................................... 8.73 13.68 6.68 16.89 1.96 11.03 0.09 0.19 Baccalaureate ........................................... 9.18 14.45 7.51 19.68 1.52 13.25 0.00 0.35 Associate of arts ....................................... 14.30 20.59 11.62 11.34 0.26 6.41 0.00 0.04 Specialized institutions 4 ........................... 5.04 13.42 7.11 6.68 1.24 5.54 9.04 3.06 Religion and theology ........................... 6.60 22.29 10.80 11.14 0.74 11.28 0.04 0.58 Health and medicine ............................. 2.13 7.52 4.93 1.80 0.97 2.87 17.32 5.62 Engineering ........................................... 8.86 17.84 7.72 11.12 2.75 6.77 0.00 0.00 Business ............................................... 10.89 19.56 7.48 14.04 1.96 9.65 0.00 0.00 Fine arts ................................................ 7.36 18.52 11.17 13.73 1.64 7.42 0.00 0.52 Other specialized .................................. 6.99 19.21 9.32 7.63 1.22 3.35 0.16 0.07 Tribal colleges 5 ........................................ 13.25 16.92 6.63 8.79 1.38 2.15 0.00 0.00 4 year .................................................... 5.10 12.16 3.19 11.46 0.00 2.19 0.00 0.00 2 year .................................................... 18.42 19.94 8.81 7.09 2.25 2.12 0.00 0.00 1 Preliminary data.

2 Generally includes only those expenditures associated with major federally funded research and development centers ( FFRDC).

3 Research institutions are committed to graduate education through the doctorate, and give high priority to research. Research I institutions receive $ 40 million or more annually in federal support. Research II institutions receive between $ 15.5 million and $ 40 million annually. 4 Specialized institutions award baccalaureate or higher level degrees in specific fields of study.

5 Tribally controlled colleges are located on reservations. They are members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance, 1995   96'' survey. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 364 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 338.   Current fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by purpose: 1980   81 to 1995   96 Purpose 1980   81 1985   86 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In thousands Total current fund expenditures ........... $ 64,052,938 $ 97,535,742 $ 134,655,571 $ 146,087,836 $ 156,189,161 $ 165,241,040 $ 173,350,617 $ 182,968,610 $ 190,476,163 Educational and general expenditures ............ 50,073,805 76,127,965 105,585,076 114,139,901 121,567,157 128,977,968 136,024,350 144,158,002 151,445,605 Instruction ................................................... 20,733,166 31,032,099 42,145,987 45,496,117 47,997,196 50,340,914 52,775,599 55,719,707 57,810,033 Research ..................................................... 5,657,719 8,437,367 12,505,961 13,444,040 14,261,554 15,291,309 16,117,610 17,109,541 17,517,887 Public service .............................................. 2,057,770 3,119,533 4,689,758 5,076,177 5,489,298 5,935,095 6,242,414 6,691,485 7,007,413 Academic support ....................................... 4,273,286 6,667,392 9,437,644 10,050,773 10,577,018 11,072,970 11,677,911 12,278,691 13,297,063 Libraries ................................................... 1,759,784 2,551,331 3,254,239 3,343,892 3,595,834 3,684,852 3,908,412 4,165,761 4,293,363 Student services ......................................... 2,908,998 4,562,938 6,388,148 7,025,482 7,509,094 8,165,079 8,562,783 9,059,994 9,630,576 Institutional support ..................................... 5,772,515 9,350,786 12,674,031 13,726,484 14,475,023 15,249,898 15,926,239 16,844,827 18,255,769 Operation and maintenance of plant .......... 5,350,310 7,605,226 9,458,262 10,062,581 10,346,580 10,783,727 11,368,496 11,745,905 12,330,885 Scholarships and fellowships ..................... 2,504,525 4,160,174 6,655,544 7,551,184 9,060,000 10,148,373 11,238,010 12,285,328 13,195,102 From unrestricted funds .......................... 1,080,614 2,285,116 3,853,904 4,445,106 5,205,797 5,949,037 6,644,717 7,329,384 8,213,049 From restricted funds 2 ............................ 1,423,911 1,875,059 2,801,640 3,106,078 3,854,203 4,199,337 4,593,293 4,955,944 4,982,054 Mandatory transfers .................................... 815,516 1,192,449 1,629,742 1,707,063 1,851,393 1,990,603 2,115,288 2,422,524 2,400,876 Auxiliary enterprises ........................................ 7,288,089 10,528,303 13,203,984 14,272,247 14,966,100 15,561,508 16,429,341 17,204,917 17,599,061 Mandatory transfers .................................... 508,377 617,171 836,852 936,876 1,003,299 1,109,549 1,158,848 1,228,278 1,145,366 Hospitals .......................................................... 5,433,111 8,692,113 12,679,286 14,325,865 16,104,313 17,049,672 17,509,603 18,071,359 17,940,986 Mandatory transfers .................................... 57,963 128,833 222,192 274,452 333,714 308,059 344,665 346,072 268,439 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 3 ................. 1,257,934 2,187,361 3,187,224 3,349,824 3,551,592 3,651,891 3,387,323 3,534,332 3,490,511 Mandatory transfers .................................... 643 3,432 5,812 5,645 3,396 2,271 2,354 2,373 2,123 Percentage distribution Total current fund expenditures .......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Educational and general expenditures ............ 78.2 78.1 78.4 78.1 77.8 78.1 78.5 78.8 79.5 Instruction ................................................... 32.4 31.8 31.3 31.1 30.7 30.5 30.4 30.5 30.4 Research ..................................................... 8.8 8.7 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.2 Public service .............................................. 3.2 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 Academic support ....................................... 6.7 6.8 7.0 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.7 7.0 Libraries ................................................... 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 Student services ......................................... 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.1 Institutional support ..................................... 9.0 9.6 9.4 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.2 9.2 9.6 Operation and maintenance of plant .......... 8.4 7.8 7.0 6.9 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.4 6.5 Scholarships and fellowships ..................... 3.9 4.3 4.9 5.2 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.7 6.9 From unrestricted funds .......................... 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.3 From restricted funds 2 ............................ 2.2 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6 Mandatory transfers .................................... 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 Auxiliary enterprises ........................................ 11.4 10.8 9.8 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.2 Mandatory transfers .................................... 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 Hospitals .......................................................... 8.5 8.9 9.4 9.8 10.3 10.3 10.1 9.9 9.4 Mandatory transfers .................................... 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 3 ................. 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 Mandatory transfers .................................... ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4)

1 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 2 Excludes Pell Grants. 3 Generally includes only those expenditures associated with major federally funded research and development centers ( FFRDC). 4 Less than 0.05 percent. NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 365 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 339.   Current fund expenditures of public institutions of higher education, by purpose: 1980   81 to 1995   96 Purpose 1980   81 1985   86 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In thousands Total current fund expenditures .......... $ 42,279,806 $ 63,193,853 $ 85,770,530 $ 92,961,093 $ 98,847,180 $ 104,570,101 $ 109,309,541 $ 115,464,975 $ 119,524,500 Educational and general expenditures ............ 34,173,013 50,872,962 69,163,958 74,395,428 78,554,534 83,210,979 87,139,226 92,173,768 96,085,623 Instruction ................................................... 14,849,822 21,880,782 29,257,209 31,371,394 32,828,420 34,260,177 35,688,497 37,599,194 38,653,245 Research ..................................................... 3,813,350 5,705,144 8,542,235 9,364,213 9,948,580 10,604,973 11,180,363 11,829,665 12,076,357 Public service .............................................. 1,718,924 2,515,734 3,688,664 3,990,232 4,285,501 4,563,397 4,741,719 5,034,445 5,321,014 Academic support ....................................... 3,029,284 4,693,543 6,535,076 6,933,847 7,274,159 7,613,244 8,035,556 8,463,236 9,004,113 Libraries ................................................... 1,187,116 1,685,052 2,102,672 2,167,161 2,284,520 2,329,625 2,449,109 2,614,609 2,690,547 Student services ......................................... 1,950,566 2,921,758 4,021,328 4,398,365 4,690,921 5,173,239 5,315,370 5,614,011 5,810,403 Institutional support ..................................... 3,563,194 5,667,144 7,490,137 8,030,642 8,423,156 9,049,589 9,328,236 9,929,007 10,710,279 Operation and maintenance of plant .......... 3,681,921 5,177,254 6,333,582 6,655,605 6,790,215 7,076,805 7,433,185 7,668,919 8,005,101 Scholarships and fellowships ..................... 1,064,864 1,575,909 2,386,493 2,688,532 3,255,660 3,727,838 4,222,923 4,662,023 5,084,653 From unrestricted funds .......................... 367,476 696,973 1,099,425 1,270,158 1,523,721 1,745,339 1,934,617 2,149,036 2,457,139 From restricted funds 2 ............................ 697,388 878,935 1,287,068 1,418,374 1,731,939 1,982,498 2,288,306 2,512,988 2,627,514 Mandatory transfers .................................... 501,087 735,695 909,234 962,598 1,057,923 1,141,717 1,193,379 1,373,267 1,420,459 Auxiliary enterprises ........................................ 4,658,140 6,830,235 8,282,332 9,049,935 9,634,131 10,024,352 10,637,783 11,235,143 11,309,031 Mandatory transfers .................................... 344,043 410,777 551,331 623,146 655,301 758,644 784,115 835,993 793,125 Hospitals .......................................................... 3,377,972 5,358,699 8,113,989 9,315,902 10,432,773 11,100,602 11,317,674 11,801,589 11,878,939 Mandatory transfers .................................... 26,613 75,569 156,029 195,961 224,095 223,241 242,216 262,343 213,387 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 3 ................. 70,681 131,956 210,252 199,827 225,742 234,168 214,858 254,474 250,906 Mandatory transfers .................................... 322 846 2,276 1,201 510 462 474 465 1,343 Percentage distribution Total current fund expenditures .......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Educational and general expenditures ............ 80.8 80.5 80.6 80.0 79.5 79.6 79.7 79.8 80.4 Instruction ................................................... 35.1 34.6 34.1 33.7 33.2 32.8 32.6 32.6 32.3 Research ..................................................... 9.0 9.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.1 Public service .............................................. 4.1 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.5 Academic support ....................................... 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.5 Libraries ................................................... 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 Student services ......................................... 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 Institutional support ..................................... 8.4 9.0 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.7 8.5 8.6 9.0 Operation and maintenance of plant .......... 8.7 8.2 7.4 7.2 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.7 Scholarships and fellowships ..................... 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.0 4.3 From unrestricted funds .......................... 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 From restricted funds 2 ............................ 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.2 Mandatory transfers .................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 Auxiliary enterprises ........................................ 11.0 10.8 9.7 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.7 9.7 9.5 Mandatory transfers .................................... 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Hospitals .......................................................... 8.0 8.5 9.5 10.0 10.6 10.6 10.4 10.2 9.9 Mandatory transfers .................................... 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 3 ................. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Mandatory transfers .................................... ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4)

1 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 2 Excludes Pell Grants. 3 Generally includes only those expenditures associated with major federally funded research and development centers ( FFRDC). 4 Less than 0.05 percent. NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 366 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 340.   Current fund expenditures of private institutions of higher education, by purpose: 1980   81 to 1995   96 Purpose 1980   81 1985   86 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In thousands Total current fund expenditures .......... $ 21,773,132 $ 34,341,889 $ 48,885,041 $ 53,126,743 $ 57,341,982 $ 60,670,938 $ 64,041,076 $ 67,503,635 $ 70,951,662 Educational and general expenditures ............ 15,900,792 25,255,003 36,421,118 39,744,472 43,012,623 45,766,989 48,885,124 51,984,234 55,359,982 Instruction ................................................... 5,883,343 9,151,318 12,888,779 14,124,723 15,168,776 16,080,736 17,087,102 18,120,513 19,156,788 Research ..................................................... 1,844,369 2,732,222 3,963,726 4,079,827 4,312,973 4,686,336 4,937,247 5,279,876 5,441,530 Public service .............................................. 338,845 603,799 1,001,094 1,085,945 1,203,797 1,371,697 1,500,695 1,657,040 1,686,399 Academic support ....................................... 1,244,002 1,973,849 2,902,568 3,116,927 3,302,859 3,459,726 3,642,355 3,815,455 4,292,950 Libraries ................................................... 572,667 866,279 1,151,567 1,176,731 1,311,314 1,355,227 1,459,304 1,551,152 1,602,816 Student services ......................................... 958,432 1,641,180 2,366,819 2,627,117 2,818,174 2,991,840 3,247,414 3,445,983 3,820,174 Institutional support ..................................... 2,209,321 3,683,642 5,183,893 5,695,842 6,051,868 6,200,308 6,598,004 6,915,821 7,545,490 Operation and maintenance of plant .......... 1,668,389 2,427,972 3,124,680 3,406,975 3,556,365 3,706,923 3,935,311 4,076,986 4,325,784 Scholarships and fellowships ..................... 1,439,661 2,584,266 4,269,051 4,862,651 5,804,340 6,420,536 7,015,087 7,623,304 8,110,450 From unrestricted funds .......................... 713,138 1,588,143 2,754,479 3,174,947 3,682,076 4,203,697 4,710,100 5,180,348 5,755,910 From restricted funds 2 ............................ 726,523 996,123 1,514,572 1,687,704 2,122,264 2,216,838 2,304,987 2,442,957 2,354,540 Mandatory transfers .................................... 314,429 456,754 720,508 744,465 793,471 848,886 921,908 1,049,256 980,417 Auxiliary enterprises ........................................ 2,629,948 3,698,067 4,921,653 5,222,312 5,331,969 5,537,156 5,791,558 5,969,773 6,290,030 Mandatory transfers .................................... 164,335 206,394 285,521 313,730 347,999 350,905 374,733 392,285 352,241 Hospitals .......................................................... 2,055,139 3,333,414 4,565,297 5,009,963 5,671,540 5,949,070 6,191,929 6,269,769 6,062,047 Mandatory transfers .................................... 31,349 53,264 66,164 78,491 109,619 84,818 102,449 83,729 55,052 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 3 ................. 1,187,253 2,055,405 2,976,973 3,149,996 3,325,850 3,417,723 3,172,465 3,279,859 3,239,604 Mandatory transfers .................................... 321 2,586 3,535 4,444 2,886 1,808 1,880 1,908 780 Percentage distribution Total current fund expenditures .......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Educational and general expenditures ............ 73.0 73.5 74.5 74.8 75.0 75.4 76.3 77.0 78.0 Instruction ................................................... 27.0 26.6 26.4 26.6 26.5 26.5 26.7 26.8 27.0 Research ..................................................... 8.5 8.0 8.1 7.7 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 Public service .............................................. 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.4 Academic support ....................................... 5.7 5.7 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 6.1 Libraries ................................................... 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 Student services ......................................... 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.1 5.4 Institutional support ..................................... 10.1 10.7 10.6 10.7 10.6 10.2 10.3 10.2 10.6 Operation and maintenance of plant .......... 7.7 7.1 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.0 6.1 Scholarships and fellowships ..................... 6.6 7.5 8.7 9.2 10.1 10.6 11.0 11.3 11.4 From unrestricted funds .......................... 3.3 4.6 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.7 8.1 From restricted funds 2 ............................ 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.3 Mandatory transfers .................................... 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.4 Auxiliary enterprises ........................................ 12.1 10.8 10.1 9.8 9.3 9.1 9.0 8.8 8.9 Mandatory transfers .................................... 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 Hospitals .......................................................... 9.4 9.7 9.3 9.4 9.9 9.8 9.7 9.3 8.5 Mandatory transfers .................................... 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 Independent operations ( FFRDC) 3 ................. 5.5 6.0 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.0 4.9 4.6 Mandatory transfers .................................... ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4) ( 4)

1 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 2 Excludes Pell Grants. 3 Generally includes only those expenditures associated with major federally funded research and development centers ( FFRDC). 4 Less than 0.05 percent. NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared October 1998.)

Table 341.   Voluntary support for institutions of higher education, by source and purpose of support: 1959   60 to 1995   96 [ In millions]

Source and purpose of support 1959   60 1965   66 1970   71 1975   76 1980   81 1985   86 1989   90 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total voluntary support 1 ......... $ 815 $ 1,440 $ 1,860 $ 2,410 $ 4,230 $ 7,400 $ 9,800 $ 10,200 $ 10,700 $ 11,200 $ 12,350 $ 12,750 $ 14,250 Sources Alumni ........................................ 191 310 458 588 1,049 1,825 2,540 2,680 2,840 2,980 3,410 3,600 4,040 Nonalumni individuals ................ 194 350 495 569 1,007 1,781 2,230 2,310 2,500 2,530 2,800 2,940 3,400 Corporations .............................. 130 230 259 379 778 1,702 2,170 2,230 2,260 2,400 2,510 2,560 2,800 Foundations ............................... 163 357 418 549 922 1,363 1,920 2,030 2,090 2,200 2,540 2,460 2,815 Religious organizations .............. 80 108 104 130 140 211 240 240 240 250 240 250 255 Other .......................................... 57 85 126 195 334 518 700 710 770 840 850 940 940 Purpose Current operations ..................... 385 675 1,050 1,480 2,590 4,022 5,440 5,830 6,100 6,300 6,710 7,230 7,850 Capital purposes ........................ 430 765 810 930 1,640 3,378 4,360 4,370 4,600 4,900 5,640 5,520 6,400 Voluntary support as a percent of total expenditures 2 .... 11.4 9.2 6.8 5.5 6.0 6.9 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.5 6.3 6.7 1 Data are based on sample surveys of institutions of higher education.

2 Total expenditures include current fund expenditures and additions to plant value. SOURCE: Council for Aid to Education, Research Report, `` Contributions to Colleges Drop for First Time Since 1975''; and `` Voluntary Support of Education,'' various years. ( This table was prepared July 1998.) 367 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 342.   Educational and general expenditures of public universities, by purpose: 1976   77 to 1995   96 Year Educational and general expenditures Total Instruction Administration 1 Student services Research Libraries Public service Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships Mandatory transfers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Expenditures, in thousands of current dollars 1976   77 .... $ 9,413,626 $ 3,670,554 $ 1,222,410 $ 346,906 $ 1,727,807 $ 331,614 $ 763,809 $ 857,677 $ 377,749 $ 115,099 1977   78 .... 10,220,191 4,009,870 1,344,538 388,262 1,896,578 343,198 803,309 938,952 389,682 105,803 1978   79 .... 11,284,191 4,408,025 1,478,568 419,231 2,136,135 363,875 920,726 1,046,740 396,356 114,533 1979   80 .... 12,540,072 4,860,411 1,572,523 473,460 2,444,471 463,642 1,012,376 1,148,942 439,461 124,786 1980   81 .... 13,951,029 5,374,271 1,795,504 525,891 2,743,145 451,978 1,158,512 1,270,339 492,225 139,164 1981   82 .... 15,077,263 5,852,958 1,974,219 566,366 2,903,178 488,939 1,223,417 1,412,557 525,498 130,131 1982   83 .... 16,089,168 6,247,358 2,107,933 604,657 3,086,846 528,470 1,300,353 1,512,947 562,903 137,702 1983   84 .... 17,234,711 6,646,501 2,263,565 643,614 3,295,053 577,136 1,385,191 1,627,702 624,642 171,306 1984   85 .... 18,960,810 7,257,618 2,598,784 701,451 3,682,755 609,365 1,519,324 1,745,825 677,533 168,155 1985   86 .... 20,716,657 7,807,522 2,882,006 762,324 4,076,258 669,253 1,664,917 1,831,618 780,080 242,679 1986   87 .... 22,023,387 8,368,187 3,088,348 819,829 4,399,405 677,531 1,725,613 1,829,880 847,328 267,266 1987   88 .... 23,848,427 8,902,624 3,311,806 889,528 4,911,929 762,858 1,857,008 1,934,489 949,438 328,746 1988   89 .... 26,138,665 9,623,797 3,638,424 975,801 5,476,936 813,888 2,096,267 2,069,744 1,096,447 347,362 1989   90 .... 28,338,312 10,364,088 3,927,198 1,047,364 6,030,489 871,279 2,273,699 2,222,046 1,211,690 390,458 1990   91 .... 30,367,325 11,012,373 4,157,677 1,103,058 6,599,209 906,506 2,479,956 2,305,115 1,367,754 435,676 1991   92 .... 31,565,791 11,373,749 4,198,990 1,161,633 6,937,360 946,098 2,609,520 2,323,220 1,556,868 458,354 1992   93 .... 32,836,061 11,708,500 4,317,605 1,211,143 7,330,922 959,306 2,714,785 2,365,942 1,734,530 493,328 1993   94 .... 34,318,548 12,115,695 4,578,770 1,273,008 7,676,832 1,006,301 2,784,869 2,459,895 1,909,173 514,006 1994   95 .... 36,255,063 12,837,030 4,814,366 1,348,617 8,082,388 1,096,566 2,943,284 2,526,104 2,057,116 549,593 1995   96 2 .. 37,693,678 13,289,323 5,146,842 1,419,733 8,211,609 1,134,159 3,082,968 2,596,786 2,235,290 576,968 Percentage distribution 1976   77 .... 100.0 39.0 13.0 3.7 18.4 3.5 8.1 9.1 4.0 1.2 1979   80 .... 100.0 38.8 12.5 3.8 19.5 3.7 8.1 9.2 3.5 1.0 1980   81 .... 100.0 38.5 12.9 3.8 19.7 3.2 8.3 9.1 3.5 1.0 1981   82 .... 100.0 38.8 13.1 3.8 19.3 3.2 8.1 9.4 3.5 0.9 1982   83 .... 100.0 38.8 13.1 3.8 19.2 3.3 8.1 9.4 3.5 0.9 1983   84 .... 100.0 38.6 13.1 3.7 19.1 3.3 8.0 9.4 3.6 1.0 1984   85 .... 100.0 38.3 13.7 3.7 19.4 3.2 8.0 9.2 3.6 0.9 1985   86 .... 100.0 37.7 13.9 3.7 19.7 3.2 8.0 8.8 3.8 1.2 1986   87 .... 100.0 38.0 14.0 3.7 20.0 3.1 7.8 8.3 3.8 1.2 1987   88 .... 100.0 37.3 13.9 3.7 20.6 3.2 7.8 8.1 4.0 1.4 1988   89 .... 100.0 36.8 13.9 3.7 21.0 3.1 8.0 7.9 4.2 1.3 1989   90 .... 100.0 36.6 13.9 3.7 21.3 3.1 8.0 7.8 4.3 1.4 1990   91 .... 100.0 36.3 13.7 3.6 21.7 3.0 8.2 7.6 4.5 1.4 1991   92 .... 100.0 36.0 13.3 3.7 22.0 3.0 8.3 7.4 4.9 1.5 1992   93 .... 100.0 35.7 13.1 3.7 22.3 2.9 8.3 7.2 5.3 1.5 1993   94 .... 100.0 35.3 13.3 3.7 22.4 2.9 8.1 7.2 5.6 1.5 1994   95 .... 100.0 35.4 13.3 3.7 22.3 3.0 8.1 7.0 5.7 1.5 1995   96 2 .. 100.0 35.3 13.7 3.8 21.8 3.0 8.2 6.9 5.9 1.5 Expenditure per full time equivalent student in constant 1995   96 dollars 1976   77 .... $ 15,112 $ 5,893 $ 1,962 $ 557 $ 2,774 $ 532 $ 1,226 $ 1,377 $ 606 $ 185 1977   78 .... 15,247 5,982 2,006 579 2,829 512 1,198 1,401 581 158 1978   79 .... 15,801 6,172 2,070 587 2,991 510 1,289 1,466 555 160 1979   80 .... 15,633 6,059 1,960 590 3,047 578 1,262 1,432 548 156 1980   81 .... 15,391 5,929 1,981 580 3,026 499 1,278 1,401 543 154 1981   82 .... 15,172 5,890 1,987 570 2,922 492 1,231 1,421 529 131 1982   83 .... 15,139 5,878 1,983 569 2,905 497 1,224 1,424 530 130 1983   84 .... 15,506 5,980 2,036 579 2,964 519 1,246 1,464 562 154 1984   85 .... 16,236 6,215 2,225 601 3,153 522 1,301 1,495 580 144 1985   86 .... 16,868 6,357 2,347 621 3,319 545 1,356 1,491 635 198 1986   87 .... 17,162 6,521 2,407 639 3,428 528 1,345 1,426 660 208 1987   88 .... 17,628 6,581 2,448 658 3,631 564 1,373 1,430 702 243 1988   89 .... 17,961 6,613 2,500 671 3,764 559 1,440 1,422 753 239 1989   90 .... 18,081 6,613 2,506 668 3,848 556 1,451 1,418 773 249 1990   91 .... 18,237 6,613 2,497 662 3,963 544 1,489 1,384 821 262 1991   92 .... 18,133 6,534 2,412 667 3,985 543 1,499 1,335 894 263 1992   93 .... 18,577 6,624 2,443 685 4,147 543 1,536 1,338 981 279 1993   94 .... 18,957 6,693 2,529 703 4,241 556 1,538 1,359 1,055 284 1994   95 .... 19,513 6,909 2,591 726 4,350 590 1,584 1,360 1,107 296 1995   96 2 .. 19,700 6,946 2,690 742 4,292 593 1,611 1,357 1,168 302 1 Includes institutional and academic support less libraries.

2 Preliminary data.

NOTE.   Data in this table may differ slightly from data appearing in other tables. Data for 1976   77 through 1985   86 include only institutions which provided both enrollment and finance data. The Higher Education Price Index was used to convert the per student figures to constant dollars. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys; and Research Associates of Washington, unpublished data. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 368 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 343.   Educational and general expenditures of public 4 year colleges, 1 by purpose: 1976   77 to 1995   96 Year Educational and general expenditures Total Instruction Administration 2 Student services Research Libraries Public service Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships Mandatory transfers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Expenditures, in thousands of current dollars 1976   77 .... $ 8,682,538 $ 4,027,051 $ 1,445,651 $ 500,832 $ 607,235 $ 340,002 $ 250,152 $ 1,001,848 $ 338,432 $ 171,335 1977   78 .... 9,568,977 4,423,487 1,598,092 572,193 677,414 369,408 274,314 1,118,393 332,899 202,777 1978   79 .... 10,455,134 4,770,598 1,789,534 651,541 786,072 395,299 301,387 1,214,996 337,588 208,119 1979   80 .... 11,750,398 5,271,621 2,029,327 733,557 937,874 448,190 359,467 1,375,308 383,036 212,019 1980   81 .... 13,139,618 5,890,759 2,258,987 807,249 1,043,614 511,817 407,816 1,563,514 412,972 242,890 1981   82 .... 14,321,586 6,537,888 2,518,182 834,225 1,086,146 536,080 440,736 1,738,210 403,069 227,050 1982   83 .... 15,286,145 6,980,269 2,660,360 904,745 1,150,011 559,353 469,841 1,857,151 450,067 254,349 1983   84 .... 16,538,128 7,464,035 3,013,666 1,041,488 1,246,289 622,879 513,732 1,873,628 473,503 288,908 1984   85 .... 18,333,578 8,211,171 3,370,676 1,140,312 1,420,844 669,518 603,018 2,137,225 489,188 291,626 1985   86 .... 19,860,947 8,945,373 3,658,627 1,235,418 1,618,737 712,112 648,178 2,118,522 569,841 354,139 1986   87 .... 21,490,078 9,608,239 4,019,850 1,318,666 1,846,712 695,692 766,865 2,226,599 660,940 346,515 1987   88 .... 23,124,455 10,310,532 4,261,440 1,434,726 2,053,638 774,274 864,347 2,340,495 711,704 373,299 1988   89 .... 24,639,653 10,991,086 4,496,286 1,504,869 2,305,152 813,801 941,434 2,429,103 754,412 403,508 1989   90 .... 27,210,634 12,079,093 5,076,792 1,648,526 2,525,080 888,526 1,088,113 2,607,385 871,944 425,175 1990   91 .... 28,903,790 12,818,677 5,374,417 1,800,723 2,745,613 888,162 1,145,892 2,728,949 963,436 437,921 1991   92 .... 30,720,827 13,270,992 5,805,724 1,868,329 2,986,474 945,097 1,310,700 2,782,200 1,248,220 503,091 1992   93 .... 33,119,294 13,906,211 6,416,859 2,164,309 3,246,542 979,635 1,447,684 2,960,373 1,457,901 539,779 1993   94 .... 34,477,869 14,519,321 6,477,847 2,135,560 3,473,971 1,018,304 1,525,406 3,084,509 1,685,785 557,166 1994   95 .... 36,659,833 15,321,392 6,909,606 2,236,127 3,717,964 1,084,945 1,647,855 3,175,330 1,884,283 682,332 1995   96 3 .. 38,115,758 15,600,219 7,502,742 2,217,691 3,841,169 1,105,930 1,761,690 3,328,604 2,068,459 689,256 Percentage distribution 1976   77 .... 100.0 46.4 16.7 5.8 7.0 3.9 2.9 11.5 3.9 2.0 1979   80 .... 100.0 44.9 17.3 6.2 8.0 3.8 3.1 11.7 3.3 1.8 1980   81 .... 100.0 44.8 17.2 6.1 7.9 3.9 3.1 11.9 3.1 1.8 1981   82 .... 100.0 45.7 17.6 5.8 7.6 3.7 3.1 12.1 2.8 1.6 1982   83 .... 100.0 45.7 17.4 5.9 7.5 3.7 3.1 12.1 2.9 1.7 1983   84 .... 100.0 45.1 18.2 6.3 7.5 3.8 3.1 11.3 2.9 1.7 1984   85 .... 100.0 44.8 18.4 6.2 7.7 3.7 3.3 11.7 2.7 1.6 1985   86 .... 100.0 45.0 18.4 6.2 8.2 3.6 3.3 10.7 2.9 1.8 1986   87 .... 100.0 44.7 18.7 6.1 8.6 3.2 3.6 10.4 3.1 1.6 1987   88 .... 100.0 44.6 18.4 6.2 8.9 3.3 3.7 10.1 3.1 1.6 1988   89 .... 100.0 44.6 18.2 6.1 9.4 3.3 3.8 9.9 3.1 1.6 1989   90 .... 100.0 44.4 18.7 6.1 9.3 3.3 4.0 9.6 3.2 1.6 1990   91 .... 100.0 44.3 18.6 6.2 9.5 3.1 4.0 9.4 3.3 1.5 1991   92 .... 100.0 43.2 18.9 6.1 9.7 3.1 4.3 9.1 4.1 1.6 1992   93 .... 100.0 42.0 19.4 6.5 9.8 3.0 4.4 8.9 4.4 1.6 1993   94 .... 100.0 42.1 18.8 6.2 10.1 3.0 4.4 8.9 4.9 1.6 1994   95 .... 100.0 41.8 18.8 6.1 10.1 3.0 4.5 8.7 5.1 1.9 1995   96 3 .. 100.0 40.9 19.7 5.8 10.1 2.9 4.6 8.7 5.4 1.8 Expenditure per full time equivalent student in constant 1995   96 dollars 1976   77 .... $ 11,020 $ 5,111 $ 1,835 $ 636 $ 771 $ 432 $ 317 $ 1,272 $ 430 $ 217 1979   80 .... 11,598 5,203 2,003 724 926 442 355 1,357 378 209 1980   81 .... 11,482 5,148 1,974 705 912 447 356 1,366 361 212 1981   82 .... 11,425 5,215 2,009 665 866 428 352 1,387 322 181 1982   83 .... 11,148 5,091 1,940 660 839 408 343 1,354 328 185 1983   84 .... 11,265 5,084 2,053 709 849 424 350 1,276 323 197 1984   85 .... 11,892 5,326 2,186 740 922 434 391 1,386 317 189 1985   86 .... 12,283 5,532 2,263 764 1,001 440 401 1,310 352 219 1986   87 .... 12,278 5,489 2,297 753 1,055 397 438 1,272 378 198 1987   88 .... 12,527 5,586 2,309 777 1,113 419 468 1,268 386 202 1988   89 .... 12,335 5,502 2,251 753 1,154 407 471 1,216 378 202 1989   90 .... 12,447 5,525 2,322 754 1,155 406 498 1,193 399 194 1990   91 .... 12,102 5,367 2,250 754 1,150 372 480 1,143 403 183 1991   92 .... 12,254 5,294 2,316 745 1,191 377 523 1,110 498 201 1992   93 .... 12,706 5,335 2,462 830 1,245 376 555 1,136 559 207 1993   94 .... 12,862 5,416 2,417 797 1,296 380 569 1,151 629 208 1994   95 .... 13,309 5,562 2,508 812 1,350 394 598 1,153 684 248 1995   96 3 .. 13,403 5,486 2,638 780 1,351 389 619 1,170 727 242 1 Excludes universities. See preceding table.

2 Includes institutional and academic support less libraries.

3 Preliminary data.

NOTE.   Data in this table may differ slightly from data appearing in other tables. Data for 1976   77 through 1985   86 include only institutions which provided both enrollment and finance data. The Higher Education Price Index was used to convert the per student figures to constant dollars. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys; and Research Associates of Washington, unpublished data. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 369 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 344.   Educational and general expenditures of public 2 year colleges, by purpose: 1976   77 to 1995   96 Year Educational and general expenditures Total Instruction Administration 1 Student services Research Libraries Public service Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships Mandatory transfers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Expenditures, in thousands of current dollars 1976   77 .... $ 4,875,998 $ 2,490,274 $ 882,813 $ 409,217 $ 15,698 $ 171,409 $ 97,635 $ 547,515 $ 142,827 $ 118,610 1977   78 .... 5,336,153 2,700,489 1,035,206 437,060 9,333 188,201 112,944 605,464 117,996 129,458 1978   79 .... 5,734,611 2,877,651 1,119,840 482,323 21,289 193,703 110,918 650,447 127,633 150,807 1979   80 .... 6,334,777 3,185,815 1,204,082 547,457 26,288 202,583 141,000 743,014 147,865 136,672 1980   81 .... 7,063,474 3,575,743 1,347,020 615,869 26,591 222,391 152,597 844,781 159,474 119,008 1981   82 .... 7,757,435 3,947,065 1,473,733 684,650 15,632 262,697 147,385 952,691 160,109 113,473 1982   83 .... 8,292,446 4,218,388 1,620,644 741,179 18,090 248,682 123,722 1,016,267 175,069 130,403 1983   84 .... 8,820,575 4,481,854 1,748,535 775,084 18,189 263,485 150,109 1,076,371 178,500 128,448 1984   85 .... 9,560,507 4,806,050 1,929,968 841,101 15,591 278,363 193,903 1,156,074 207,975 131,482 1985   86 .... 10,252,955 5,116,884 2,122,060 920,299 10,136 295,691 202,440 1,220,646 225,979 138,820 1986   87 .... 10,845,969 5,382,631 2,363,275 1,020,496 12,508 246,131 235,115 1,252,152 243,402 90,258 1987   88 .... 11,666,586 5,741,049 2,479,661 1,157,858 11,358 316,278 264,809 1,326,748 280,247 88,578 1988   89 .... 12,666,590 6,278,809 2,727,058 1,197,748 14,864 328,809 314,250 1,414,420 299,491 91,142 1989   90 .... 13,875,566 6,909,109 2,977,932 1,344,339 19,213 353,165 336,927 1,526,086 314,906 93,889 1990   91 .... 15,124,313 7,540,344 3,265,233 1,494,583 19,390 372,492 364,384 1,621,542 357,343 89,001 1991   92 .... 16,267,915 8,183,678 3,408,080 1,660,958 24,747 393,325 365,281 1,684,796 450,572 96,477 1992   93 .... 17,255,624 8,645,466 3,598,745 1,797,787 27,510 390,684 400,927 1,750,489 535,406 108,610 1993   94 .... 18,342,808 9,053,480 3,858,066 1,906,802 29,560 424,504 431,444 1,888,780 627,964 122,207 1994   95 .... 19,258,872 9,440,773 4,053,662 2,029,268 29,313 433,098 443,306 1,967,485 720,624 141,342 1995   96 2 .. 20,161,543 9,701,637 4,349,565 2,163,469 23,676 445,660 472,767 2,070,286 781,770 152,713 Percentage distribution 1976   77 .... 100.0 51.1 18.1 8.4 0.3 3.5 2.0 11.2 2.9 2.4 1979   80 .... 100.0 50.3 19.0 8.6 0.4 3.2 2.2 11.7 2.3 2.2 1980   81 .... 100.0 50.6 19.1 8.7 0.4 3.1 2.2 12.0 2.3 1.7 1981   82 .... 100.0 50.9 19.0 8.8 0.2 3.4 1.9 12.3 2.1 1.5 1982   83 .... 100.0 50.9 19.5 8.9 0.2 3.0 1.5 12.3 2.1 1.6 1983   84 .... 100.0 50.8 19.8 8.8 0.2 3.0 1.7 12.2 2.0 1.5 1984   85 .... 100.0 50.3 20.2 8.8 0.2 2.9 2.0 12.1 2.2 1.4 1985   86 .... 100.0 49.9 20.7 9.0 0.1 2.9 2.0 11.9 2.2 1.4 1986   87 .... 100.0 49.6 21.8 9.4 0.1 2.3 2.2 11.5 2.2 0.8 1987   88 .... 100.0 49.2 21.3 9.9 0.1 2.7 2.3 11.4 2.4 0.8 1988   89 .... 100.0 49.6 21.5 9.5 0.1 2.6 2.5 11.2 2.4 0.7 1989   90 .... 100.0 49.8 21.5 9.7 0.1 2.5 2.4 11.0 2.3 0.7 1990   91 .... 100.0 49.9 21.6 9.9 0.1 2.5 2.4 10.7 2.4 0.6 1991   92 .... 100.0 50.3 20.9 10.2 0.2 2.4 2.2 10.4 2.8 0.6 1992   93 .... 100.0 50.1 20.9 10.4 0.2 2.3 2.3 10.1 3.1 0.6 1993   94 .... 100.0 49.4 21.0 10.4 0.2 2.3 2.4 10.3 3.4 0.7 1994   95 .... 100.0 49.0 21.0 10.5 0.2 2.2 2.3 10.2 3.7 0.7 1995   96 2 .. 100.0 48.1 21.6 10.7 0.1 2.2 2.3 10.3 3.9 0.8 Expenditure per full time equivalent student in constant 1995   96 dollars 1976   77 .... $ 5,939 $ 3,033 $ 1,075 $ 498 $ 19 $ 209 $ 119 $ 667 $ 174 $ 144 1977   78 .... 5,971 3,022 1,158 489 10 211 126 677 132 145 1978   79 .... 6,174 3,098 1,206 519 23 209 119 700 137 162 1979   80 .... 6,071 3,053 1,154 525 25 194 135 712 142 131 1980   81 .... 5,818 2,945 1,109 507 22 183 126 696 131 98 1981   82 .... 5,812 2,957 1,104 513 12 197 110 714 120 85 1982   83 .... 5,499 2,797 1,075 491 12 165 82 674 116 86 1983   84 .... 5,576 2,833 1,105 490 11 167 95 680 113 81 1984   85 .... 6,111 3,072 1,234 538 10 178 124 739 133 84 1985   86 .... 6,292 3,140 1,302 565 6 181 124 749 139 85 1986   87 .... 6,394 3,173 1,393 602 7 145 139 738 143 53 1987   88 .... 6,309 3,104 1,341 626 6 171 143 717 152 48 1988   89 .... 6,379 3,162 1,373 603 7 166 158 712 151 46 1989   90 .... 6,206 3,090 1,332 601 9 158 151 683 141 42 1990   91 .... 6,276 3,129 1,355 620 8 155 151 673 148 37 1991   92 .... 5,988 3,012 1,254 611 9 145 134 620 166 36 1992   93 .... 6,078 3,045 1,268 633 10 138 141 617 189 38 1993   94 .... 6,390 3,154 1,344 664 10 148 150 658 219 43 1994   95 .... 6,534 3,203 1,375 689 10 147 150 668 245 48 1995   96 2 .. 6,733 3,240 1,452 722 8 149 158 691 261 51 1 Includes institutional and academic support less libraries.

2 Preliminary data.

NOTE.   Data in this table may differ slightly from data appearing in other tables. Data for 1976   77 through 1985   86 include only institutions which provided both enrollment and finance data. The Higher Education Price Index was used to convert the per student figures to constant dollars. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys; and Research Associates of Washington, unpublished data. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 370 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 345.   Educational and general expenditures of private ( nonprofit) universities, by purpose: 1976   77 to 1995   96 Year Educational and general expenditures Total Instruction Administration 1 Student services Research Libraries Public service Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships Mandatory transfers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Expenditures, in thousands of current dollars 1976   77 .... $ 4,694,593 $ 1,784,975 $ 621,733 $ 156,457 $ 988,656 $ 195,146 $ 105,011 $ 411,340 $ 380,821 $ 50,453 1977   78 .... 5,120,125 1,943,031 683,988 172,261 1,063,906 215,068 108,201 447,743 427,907 58,019 1978   79 .... 5,675,608 2,120,800 796,751 195,238 1,175,657 221,676 119,082 510,819 460,200 75,385 1979   80 .... 6,408,288 2,426,312 908,580 215,646 1,315,469 236,184 148,028 568,806 507,257 82,006 1980   81 .... 7,249,102 2,763,320 1,009,957 254,872 1,436,318 267,142 149,946 660,152 596,241 111,154 1981   82 .... 7,951,934 3,105,731 1,100,088 289,398 1,505,340 294,523 160,496 752,673 650,285 93,401 1982   83 .... 8,198,167 3,227,925 1,214,617 304,617 1,464,809 295,709 169,382 754,480 670,390 96,238 1983   84 .... 9,491,967 3,660,650 1,445,910 350,096 1,683,020 360,238 187,615 859,065 833,108 112,266 1984   85 .... 10,431,950 3,965,165 1,556,854 393,526 1,892,570 366,356 253,010 930,229 931,027 143,212 1985   86 .... 11,407,571 4,308,432 1,711,155 438,678 2,108,731 397,745 271,271 981,131 1,040,677 149,751 1986   87 .... 13,013,183 4,998,565 1,977,175 502,291 2,399,976 397,460 332,223 1,006,334 1,218,002 181,159 1987   88 .... 13,876,586 5,209,101 2,107,206 529,261 2,597,435 484,987 340,475 1,073,880 1,328,775 205,464 1988   89 .... 15,123,369 5,743,104 2,293,256 565,903 2,786,178 510,820 377,820 1,135,273 1,472,675 238,340 1989   90 .... 16,363,342 6,188,447 2,411,051 607,623 3,048,455 555,752 414,916 1,231,028 1,615,096 290,974 1990   91 .... 17,827,649 6,827,220 2,633,605 669,160 3,170,083 567,800 456,615 1,383,686 1,833,124 286,357 1991   92 .... 19,307,030 7,367,629 2,852,739 711,041 3,364,795 624,416 484,871 1,453,365 2,142,466 305,707 1992   93 .... 20,435,319 7,844,576 2,874,208 719,657 3,648,010 644,005 547,159 1,495,825 2,322,331 339,547 1993   94 .... 21,702,227 8,347,500 3,009,434 772,524 3,831,668 693,223 603,658 1,578,840 2,481,742 383,638 1994   95 .... 23,059,247 8,838,806 3,158,159 820,099 4,121,604 752,683 612,464 1,632,166 2,680,828 442,438 1995   96 2 .. 24,094,517 9,004,148 3,691,277 903,900 4,243,335 777,957 621,908 1,662,803 2,754,177 435,014 Percentage distribution 1976   77 .... 100.0 38.0 13.2 3.3 21.1 4.2 2.2 8.8 8.1 1.1 1979   80 .... 100.0 37.9 14.2 3.4 20.5 3.7 2.3 8.9 7.9 1.3 1980   81 .... 100.0 38.1 13.9 3.5 19.8 3.7 2.1 9.1 8.2 1.5 1981   82 .... 100.0 39.1 13.8 3.6 18.9 3.7 2.0 9.5 8.2 1.2 1982   83 .... 100.0 39.4 14.8 3.7 17.9 3.6 2.1 9.2 8.2 1.2 1983   84 .... 100.0 38.6 15.2 3.7 17.7 3.8 2.0 9.1 8.8 1.2 1984   85 .... 100.0 38.0 14.9 3.8 18.1 3.5 2.4 8.9 8.9 1.4 1985   86 .... 100.0 37.8 15.0 3.8 18.5 3.5 2.4 8.6 9.1 1.3 1986   87 .... 100.0 38.4 15.2 3.9 18.4 3.1 2.6 7.7 9.4 1.4 1987   88 .... 100.0 37.5 15.2 3.8 18.7 3.5 2.5 7.7 9.6 1.5 1988   89 .... 100.0 38.0 15.2 3.7 18.4 3.4 2.5 7.5 9.7 1.6 1989   90 .... 100.0 37.8 14.7 3.7 18.6 3.4 2.5 7.5 9.9 1.8 1990   91 .... 100.0 38.3 14.8 3.8 17.8 3.2 2.6 7.8 10.3 1.6 1991   92 .... 100.0 38.2 14.8 3.7 17.4 3.2 2.5 7.5 11.1 1.6 1992   93 .... 100.0 38.4 14.1 3.5 17.9 3.2 2.7 7.3 11.4 1.7 1993   94 .... 100.0 38.5 13.9 3.6 17.7 3.2 2.8 7.3 11.4 1.8 1994   95 .... 100.0 38.3 13.7 3.6 17.9 3.3 2.7 7.1 11.6 1.9 1995   96 2 .. 100.0 37.4 15.3 3.8 17.6 3.2 2.6 6.9 11.4 1.8 Expenditure per full time equivalent student in constant 1995   96 dollars 1976   77 .... $ 23,395 $ 8,895 $ 3,098 $ 780 $ 4,927 $ 972 $ 523 $ 2,050 $ 1,898 $ 251 1977   78 .... 23,119 8,773 3,088 778 4,804 971 489 2,022 1,932 262 1978   79 .... 23,411 8,748 3,287 805 4,849 914 491 2,107 1,898 311 1979   80 .... 23,750 8,992 3,367 799 4,875 875 549 2,108 1,880 304 1980   81 .... 24,040 9,164 3,349 845 4,763 886 497 2,189 1,977 369 1981   82 .... 23,947 9,353 3,313 871 4,533 887 483 2,267 1,958 281 1982   83 .... 24,140 9,505 3,577 897 4,313 871 499 2,222 1,974 283 1983   84 .... 25,909 9,992 3,947 956 4,594 983 512 2,345 2,274 306 1984   85 .... 26,964 10,249 4,024 1,017 4,892 947 654 2,404 2,406 370 1985   86 .... 27,983 10,569 4,198 1,076 5,173 976 665 2,407 2,553 367 1986   87 .... 30,544 11,732 4,641 1,179 5,633 933 780 2,362 2,859 425 1987   88 .... 30,934 11,612 4,697 1,180 5,790 1,081 759 2,394 2,962 458 1988   89 .... 31,609 12,004 4,793 1,183 5,823 1,068 790 2,373 3,078 498 1989   90 .... 31,961 12,087 4,709 1,187 5,954 1,085 810 2,404 3,155 568 1990   91 .... 32,945 12,616 4,867 1,237 5,858 1,049 844 2,557 3,388 529 1991   92 .... 33,901 12,937 5,009 1,248 5,908 1,096 851 2,552 3,762 537 1992   93 .... 34,848 13,377 4,901 1,227 6,221 1,098 933 2,551 3,960 579 1993   94 .... 35,876 13,799 4,975 1,277 6,334 1,146 998 2,610 4,103 634 1994   95 .... 36,806 14,108 5,041 1,309 6,579 1,201 978 2,605 4,279 706 1995   96 2 .. 37,200 13,902 5,699 1,396 6,551 1,201 960 2,567 4,252 672 1 Includes institutional and academic support less libraries. 2 Preliminary data.

NOTE.   Data in this table may differ slightly from data appearing in other tables. Data for 1976   77 through 1985   86 include only institutions which provided both enrollment and finance data. The Higher Education Price Index was used to convert the per student figures to constant dollars. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys; and Research Associates of Washington, unpublished data. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 371 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 346.   Educational and general expenditures of private ( nonprofit) 4 year colleges, 1 by purpose: 1976   77 to 1995   96 Year Educational and general expenditures Total Instruction Administration 2 Student services Research Libraries Public service Operation and maintenance of plant Scholarships and fellowships Mandatory transfers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Expenditures, in thousands of current dollars 1976   77 .... $ 5,139,939 $ 1,919,574 $ 1,047,932 $ 381,428 $ 259,530 $ 200,844 $ 123,717 $ 574,910 $ 511,907 $ 120,097 1977   78 .... 5,637,836 2,114,043 1,160,141 428,265 271,637 221,807 123,214 638,330 550,372 130,026 1978   79 .... 6,263,692 2,328,418 1,299,063 483,031 328,042 240,098 136,861 704,180 598,487 145,513 1979   80 .... 7,063,953 2,589,908 1,466,556 549,639 374,520 259,969 153,056 807,943 694,791 167,570 1980   81 .... 8,061,774 2,907,255 1,703,307 639,795 407,622 289,944 186,399 930,075 811,636 185,741 1981   82 .... 9,061,667 3,271,255 1,938,727 727,382 419,283 322,702 228,368 1,036,118 913,999 203,834 1982   83 .... 9,805,459 3,552,387 2,124,446 804,943 437,286 356,768 236,142 1,092,836 983,887 216,764 1983   84 .... 10,845,622 3,900,082 2,347,962 890,707 480,459 388,153 259,932 1,184,788 1,149,813 243,726 1984   85 .... 11,835,351 4,213,485 2,564,844 980,416 539,322 416,539 289,124 1,251,490 1,312,673 267,459 1985   86 .... 12,855,040 4,507,505 2,790,504 1,067,717 623,050 446,766 328,827 1,317,062 1,481,954 291,654 1986   87 .... 14,232,003 4,886,585 3,249,910 1,184,395 693,450 410,013 384,594 1,386,729 1,717,948 318,379 1987   88 .... 15,405,503 5,248,764 3,403,379 1,293,302 776,022 485,517 456,111 1,462,345 1,966,124 313,939 1988   89 .... 16,980,645 5,738,789 3,766,237 1,437,829 848,094 530,032 495,683 1,596,786 2,198,328 368,866 1989   90 .... 18,717,398 6,276,102 4,097,242 1,599,951 909,822 578,520 581,730 1,712,000 2,547,600 414,432 1990   91 .... 20,374,743 6,809,318 4,533,043 1,770,071 901,357 589,052 624,663 1,809,977 2,898,547 438,715 1991   92 .... 22,121,380 7,320,211 4,723,853 1,919,662 942,407 659,416 714,728 1,896,424 3,478,153 466,528 1992   93 .... 23,609,625 7,743,656 4,887,700 2,044,830 1,036,676 680,457 821,381 1,995,164 3,900,807 498,954 1993   94 .... 25,262,199 8,169,221 5,199,838 2,205,411 1,104,561 733,711 893,500 2,112,367 4,316,138 527,451 1994   95 .... 26,999,085 8,714,437 5,438,969 2,350,717 1,157,255 764,903 1,040,959 2,195,045 4,739,447 597,354 1995   96 3 .. 28,875,543 9,402,691 5,851,682 2,541,516 1,198,549 798,027 1,100,983 2,345,694 5,097,295 539,106 Percentage distribution 1976   77 .... 100.0 37.3 20.4 7.4 5.0 3.9 2.4 11.2 10.0 2.3 1979   80 .... 100.0 36.7 20.8 7.8 5.3 3.7 2.2 11.4 9.8 2.4 1980   81 .... 100.0 36.1 21.1 7.9 5.1 3.6 2.3 11.5 10.1 2.3 1981   82 .... 100.0 36.1 21.4 8.0 4.6 3.6 2.5 11.4 10.1 2.2 1982   83 .... 100.0 36.2 21.7 8.2 4.5 3.6 2.4 11.1 10.0 2.2 1983   84 .... 100.0 36.0 21.6 8.2 4.4 3.6 2.4 10.9 10.6 2.2 1984   85 .... 100.0 35.6 21.7 8.3 4.6 3.5 2.4 10.6 11.1 2.3 1985   86 .... 100.0 35.1 21.7 8.3 4.8 3.5 2.6 10.2 11.5 2.3 1986   87 .... 100.0 34.3 22.8 8.3 4.9 2.9 2.7 9.7 12.1 2.2 1987   88 .... 100.0 34.1 22.1 8.4 5.0 3.2 3.0 9.5 12.8 2.0 1988   89 .... 100.0 33.8 22.2 8.5 5.0 3.1 2.9 9.4 12.9 2.2 1989   90 .... 100.0 33.5 21.9 8.5 4.9 3.1 3.1 9.1 13.6 2.2 1990   91 .... 100.0 33.4 22.2 8.7 4.4 2.9 3.1 8.9 14.2 2.2 1991   92 .... 100.0 33.1 21.4 8.7 4.3 3.0 3.2 8.6 15.7 2.1 1992   93 .... 100.0 32.8 20.7 8.7 4.4 2.9 3.5 8.5 16.5 2.1 1993   94 .... 100.0 32.3 20.6 8.7 4.4 2.9 3.5 8.4 17.1 2.1 1994   95 .... 100.0 32.3 20.1 8.7 4.3 2.8 3.9 8.1 17.6 2.2 1995   96 3 .. 100.0 32.6 20.3 8.8 4.2 2.8 3.8 8.1 17.7 1.9 Expenditure per full time equivalent student in constant 1995   96 dollars 1976   77 .... $ 11,533 $ 4,307 $ 2,351 $ 856 $ 582 $ 451 $ 278 $ 1,290 $ 1,149 $ 269 1977   78 .... 11,481 4,305 2,363 872 553 452 251 1,300 1,121 265 1978   79 .... 11,623 4,321 2,411 896 609 446 254 1,307 1,111 270 1979   80 .... 11,821 4,334 2,454 920 627 435 256 1,352 1,163 280 1980   81 .... 11,876 4,283 2,509 943 600 427 275 1,370 1,196 274 1981   82 .... 12,028 4,342 2,573 965 557 428 303 1,375 1,213 271 1982   83 .... 12,279 4,449 2,660 1,008 548 447 296 1,369 1,232 271 1983   84 .... 12,693 4,564 2,748 1,042 562 454 304 1,387 1,346 285 1984   85 .... 13,152 4,682 2,850 1,090 599 463 321 1,391 1,459 297 1985   86 .... 13,605 4,770 2,953 1,130 659 473 348 1,394 1,568 309 1986   87 .... 14,409 4,947 3,290 1,199 702 415 389 1,404 1,739 322 1987   88 .... 14,768 5,032 3,263 1,240 744 465 437 1,402 1,885 301 1988   89 .... 14,916 5,041 3,308 1,263 745 466 435 1,403 1,931 324 1989   90 .... 15,167 5,085 3,320 1,296 737 469 471 1,387 2,064 336 1990   91 .... 15,417 5,153 3,430 1,339 682 446 473 1,370 2,193 332 1991   92 .... 15,802 5,229 3,374 1,371 673 471 511 1,355 2,485 333 1992   93 .... 15,954 5,233 3,303 1,382 701 460 555 1,348 2,636 337 1993   94 .... 16,340 5,284 3,363 1,427 714 475 578 1,366 2,792 341 1994   95 .... 16,789 5,419 3,382 1,462 720 476 647 1,365 2,947 371 1995   96 3 .. 17,177 5,593 3,481 1,512 713 475 655 1,395 3,032 321 1 Excludes universities. See preceding table. 2 Includes institutional and academic support less libraries. 3 Preliminary data.

NOTE.   Data in this table may differ slightly from data appearing in other tables. Data for 1976   77 through 1985   86 include only institutions which provided both enrollment and finance data. The Higher Education Price Index was used to convert the per student figures to constant dollars. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys; and Research Associates of Washington, unpublished data. ( This table was prepared October 1998.) 372 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 347.   Current fund expenditures of public institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by state: 1980   81 to 1995   96 [ In thousands of dollars]

State Institutions of higher education Degree granting institutions, 1995   96 2 1980   81 1985   86 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 Percent change, 1990   91 to 1995   96 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ................................ $ 42,279,806 $ 63,193,853 $ 92,961,093 $ 98,847,180 $ 104,570,101 $ 109,309,541 $ 115,464,975 $ 119,400,868 28.4 $ 119,524,500 Alabama .............................................. 839,366 1,324,774 2,054,798 2,189,029 2,428,620 2,510,081 2,648,077 2,715,643 32.2 2,715,643 Alaska ................................................. 158,700 224,042 289,606 306,218 322,620 336,405 336,584 352,811 21.8 352,811 Arizona ................................................ 691,481 1,017,203 1,586,891 1,620,019 1,621,716 1,754,682 1,854,180 1,963,390 23.7 1,976,169 Arkansas ............................................. 340,621 528,831 797,291 878,783 976,735 1,002,908 1,070,668 1,153,714 44.7 1,181,083 California ............................................. 5,775,482 8,515,440 12,023,304 12,910,152 13,537,367 13,244,130 13,899,338 14,274,642 18.7 14,284,348 Colorado ............................................. 738,363 1,057,558 1,452,137 1,546,642 1,670,921 1,760,679 1,862,438 1,974,306 36.0 1,974,306 Connecticut ......................................... 367,850 562,696 886,846 957,627 981,286 1,026,593 1,134,014 1,169,349 31.9 1,168,038 Delaware ............................................. 158,332 229,377 367,012 396,947 416,699 442,488 469,085 491,597 33.9 491,597 District of Columbia ............................ 71,791 80,764 97,556 99,535 98,826 97,072 99,351 98,632 1.1 103,072 Florida ................................................. 1,170,305 1,782,180 2,896,046 2,988,794 3,179,353 3,408,957 3,549,470 3,727,585 28.7 3,714,984 Georgia ............................................... 754,060 1,255,964 1,929,993 2,015,816 2,227,608 2,453,100 2,728,682 2,953,792 53.0 2,835,505 Hawaii ................................................. 222,718 312,248 498,307 575,337 602,346 613,356 653,303 634,970 27.4 634,970 Idaho ................................................... 166,844 238,438 353,561 391,441 409,167 445,463 473,733 503,014 42.3 510,601 Illinois .................................................. 1,780,403 2,571,409 3,528,967 3,644,740 3,877,243 4,053,858 4,293,437 4,498,142 27.5 4,498,142 Indiana ................................................ 1,064,395 1,602,203 2,391,173 2,643,997 2,671,055 2,858,990 2,967,184 2,783,027 16.4 2,783,027 Iowa .................................................... 767,590 1,092,542 1,734,476 1,776,217 1,899,159 1,981,068 2,051,631 2,163,536 24.7 2,163,536 Kansas ................................................ 579,857 848,602 1,190,573 1,262,215 1,329,587 1,429,200 1,495,926 1,536,701 29.1 1,547,154 Kentucky ............................................. 673,775 898,718 1,400,529 1,514,985 1,516,017 1,577,584 1,663,738 1,779,945 27.1 1,779,945 Louisiana ............................................. 716,702 1,039,177 1,439,415 1,541,126 1,800,188 1,835,151 1,909,675 1,911,633 32.8 1,970,177 Maine .................................................. 153,658 216,737 355,074 362,905 375,090 387,991 391,269 404,171 13.8 407,819 Maryland ............................................. 795,100 1,064,430 1,684,341 1,674,918 1,829,812 1,940,403 1,997,636 2,136,898 26.9 2,136,898 Massachusetts .................................... 553,019 980,585 1,435,063 1,474,589 1,605,121 1,496,856 1,557,225 1,641,256 14.4 1,647,254 Michigan .............................................. 2,053,795 2,946,336 4,416,914 4,741,682 4,925,759 5,095,422 5,395,757 5,653,791 28.0 5,653,791 Minnesota ........................................... 876,632 1,324,691 2,012,225 2,219,016 2,286,336 2,459,437 2,624,464 2,689,857 33.7 2,694,395 Mississippi ........................................... 539,222 706,380 978,366 1,012,544 1,102,806 1,200,196 1,358,795 1,429,107 46.1 1,440,692 Missouri ............................................... 687,643 999,869 1,453,608 1,501,166 1,582,746 1,694,484 1,836,878 1,988,392 36.8 1,994,150 Montana .............................................. 121,894 182,102 254,175 320,876 337,189 350,943 376,618 402,792 58.5 402,792 Nebraska ............................................. 378,928 537,858 848,778 916,814 968,407 1,004,263 1,076,670 1,143,547 34.7 1,143,547 Nevada ................................................ 111,347 180,107 330,592 363,306 377,786 415,785 447,901 505,518 52.9 505,518 New Hampshire .................................. 134,391 183,959 281,542 307,217 335,575 360,833 371,554 390,816 38.8 390,816 New Jersey ......................................... 903,169 1,406,490 2,309,968 2,489,088 2,630,533 2,809,931 2,982,535 3,064,901 32.7 3,064,901 New Mexico ........................................ 325,960 456,600 896,299 1,010,859 1,069,497 1,142,903 1,278,741 1,315,168 46.7 1,329,422 New York ............................................ 2,519,104 3,802,602 5,605,621 5,681,964 6,096,863 6,481,594 6,922,118 6,728,593 20.0 6,728,593 North Carolina ..................................... 1,128,383 1,799,173 2,581,156 2,770,977 3,002,915 3,192,215 3,406,215 3,538,606 37.1 3,538,606 North Dakota ....................................... 192,046 288,214 367,959 408,219 419,268 432,190 456,730 440,332 19.7 440,332 Ohio .................................................... 1,784,754 2,718,408 4,084,840 4,359,943 4,389,408 4,640,316 4,907,686 4,812,773 17.8 4,818,930 Oklahoma ............................................ 583,174 844,829 1,057,248 1,158,696 1,177,061 1,214,084 1,263,002 1,329,938 25.8 1,329,938 Oregon ................................................ 642,411 880,696 1,329,794 1,484,621 1,560,699 1,623,771 1,756,424 1,815,638 36.5 1,815,638 Pennsylvania ....................................... 1,544,586 2,392,145 3,602,685 3,904,332 4,004,062 4,240,094 4,506,833 4,781,347 32.7 4,781,347 Rhode Island ....................................... 158,365 213,253 292,199 303,606 330,038 331,359 344,457 353,270 20.9 353,270 South Carolina .................................... 617,963 951,848 1,475,074 1,595,552 1,702,419 1,766,671 1,817,631 1,903,952 29.1 1,903,952 South Dakota ...................................... 124,103 149,092 197,853 217,756 240,061 259,120 252,443 262,682 32.8 290,868 Tennessee .......................................... 665,885 1,081,052 1,585,614 1,621,202 1,776,066 1,911,953 2,042,171 2,061,946 30.0 2,062,547 Texas .................................................. 2,736,276 4,375,082 5,959,584 6,370,847 6,982,016 7,414,174 7,817,433 8,296,878 39.2 8,300,915 Utah .................................................... 405,314 669,714 993,625 1,116,845 1,174,239 1,260,797 1,354,017 1,442,592 45.2 1,442,592 Vermont .............................................. 122,708 188,112 274,746 294,045 298,626 306,100 316,455 329,457 19.9 329,457 Virginia ................................................ 1,143,755 1,825,156 2,812,109 2,939,683 3,072,851 3,301,020 3,414,167 3,515,201 25.0 3,515,201 Washington ......................................... 993,171 1,399,780 2,157,074 2,278,549 2,486,455 2,639,504 2,807,168 2,909,056 34.9 2,945,074 West Virginia ....................................... 317,482 376,293 548,802 582,453 609,447 650,642 674,664 717,095 30.7 718,596 Wisconsin ............................................ 1,208,396 1,754,395 2,469,260 2,596,853 2,726,350 2,872,001 2,941,034 3,022,205 22.4 3,024,877 Wyoming ............................................. 126,082 203,307 240,216 265,048 260,592 271,396 294,334 291,864 21.5 291,864 U. S. Service Schools .......................... 592,454 912,393 1,150,209 1,241,392 1,267,497 1,309,330 1,313,438 1,394,800 21.3 1,394,800 Outlying areas ................................ 268,310 451,370 516,958 574,988 654,292 662,130 727,524 813,290 57.3 809,779 American Samoa ................................ 1,609 1,092 3,187 3,228 3,356 3,416 3,483 15,486 386.0 15,486 Federated States of Micronesia .........     3,777 3,765 3,294 3,520 5,056 8,442 123.5 8,442 Guam .................................................. 16,100 31,310 57,645 67,220 71,917 66,913 81,148 68,230 18.4 68,230 Marshall Islands ..................................       3,588 1,298 1,527 1,237 1,282   1,282 Northern Marianas ..............................   1,350 2,798 3,194 2,505 3,214 12,366 15,029 437.2 15,029 Palau ...................................................     3,837 3,687 4,485 3,476 3,667 5,942 54.9 5,942 Puerto Rico ......................................... 237,319 394,046 385,511 434,032 536,917 546,575 586,910 663,128 72.0 659,617 Trust Territory of the Pacific ............... 1,447 5,992                 Virgin Islands ...................................... 11,835 17,580 60,202 56,274 30,520 33,489 33,656 35,750   40.6 35,750 1 Preliminary data. 2 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.   Data not reported or not applicable.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 373 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 348.   Educational and general expenditures of public institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by state: 1980   81 to 1995   96 [ In thousands of dollars]

State Institutions of higher education Degree granting institutions, 1995   96 2 1980   81 1985   86 1990   91 1991   92 1992   93 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 Percent change, 1990   91 to 1995   96 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ................................ $ 34,173,013 $ 50,872,962 $ 74,395,428 $ 78,554,534 $ 83,210,979 $ 87,139,226 $ 92,173,768 $ 95,970,979 29.0 $ 96,085,623 Alabama .............................................. 611,409 979,770 1,415,440 1,456,605 1,580,484 1,710,955 1,834,533 1,880,788 32.9 1,880,788 Alaska ................................................. 150,421 210,894 273,577 288,999 304,137 316,779 316,397 331,723 21.3 331,723 Arizona ................................................ 554,120 862,816 1,364,060 1,407,819 1,409,122 1,523,655 1,653,840 1,747,648 28.1 1,759,850 Arkansas ............................................. 266,522 415,800 633,194 604,885 676,378 707,166 746,129 817,974 29.2 843,906 California ............................................. 4,847,879 7,049,635 9,615,356 10,341,888 11,000,665 10,734,842 11,280,758 11,709,716 21.8 11,719,821 Colorado ............................................. 561,552 809,621 1,258,356 1,363,615 1,452,957 1,529,290 1,604,656 1,705,832 35.6 1,705,832 Connecticut ......................................... 281,581 439,397 673,182 736,202 731,570 771,954 883,759 912,566 35.6 911,255 Delaware ............................................. 135,164 202,331 325,838 349,369 366,801 387,810 413,692 429,293 31.8 429,293 District of Columbia ............................ 71,245 79,922 96,411 98,973 97,586 95,824 98,041 97,399 1.0 101,839 Florida ................................................. 1,071,754 1,638,227 2,657,553 2,710,041 2,904,932 3,101,072 3,234,938 3,402,373 28.0 3,390,561 Georgia ............................................... 628,939 1,046,341 1,617,020 1,665,009 1,834,141 2,037,534 2,277,756 2,484,493 53.6 2,366,561 Hawaii ................................................. 202,154 282,058 454,880 526,269 546,473 556,567 590,389 569,448 25.2 569,448 Idaho ................................................... 141,296 202,736 303,224 334,762 346,932 375,289 395,733 420,747 38.8 428,068 Illinois .................................................. 1,487,123 2,152,955 2,979,768 3,068,891 3,245,802 3,397,183 3,583,012 3,794,018 27.3 3,794,018 Indiana ................................................ 771,564 1,183,098 1,842,610 1,935,566 2,014,834 2,105,645 2,196,013 2,300,841 24.9 2,300,841 Iowa .................................................... 512,205 736,894 1,172,328 1,184,382 1,267,646 1,354,777 1,392,753 1,459,013 24.5 1,459,013 Kansas ................................................ 461,979 660,995 928,772 994,560 1,059,683 1,134,392 1,196,211 1,234,345 32.9 1,244,531 Kentucky ............................................. 527,235 737,101 1,112,190 1,208,448 1,212,211 1,254,859 1,321,523 1,419,040 27.6 1,419,040 Louisiana ............................................. 557,825 810,479 1,135,955 1,215,771 1,275,446 1,339,408 1,449,305 1,513,214 33.2 1,570,429 Maine .................................................. 127,983 183,349 308,699 316,116 324,515 338,776 343,665 356,682 15.5 360,331 Maryland ............................................. 604,419 911,562 1,443,669 1,428,072 1,564,259 1,673,163 1,737,204 1,878,053 30.1 1,878,053 Massachusetts .................................... 441,068 779,341 1,122,629 1,165,598 1,295,720 1,339,199 1,400,824 1,470,591 31.0 1,476,589 Michigan .............................................. 1,610,016 2,278,217 3,325,625 3,556,178 3,727,115 3,885,984 4,042,460 4,306,553 29.5 4,306,553 Minnesota ........................................... 667,119 1,023,324 1,563,054 1,728,356 1,775,640 1,937,650 2,068,280 2,072,145 32.6 2,076,375 Mississippi ........................................... 409,942 542,022 756,492 772,618 842,603 919,354 1,049,356 1,099,535 45.3 1,111,120 Missouri ............................................... 553,793 802,936 1,155,531 1,184,338 1,260,304 1,339,527 1,456,516 1,560,758 35.1 1,566,489 Montana .............................................. 99,990 148,099 210,813 262,480 279,323 303,495 322,880 350,086 66.1 350,086 Nebraska ............................................. 286,122 397,523 600,224 639,475 672,427 706,454 727,977 753,703 25.6 753,703 Nevada ................................................ 105,177 163,714 301,487 332,246 353,875 379,154 402,097 459,599 52.4 459,599 New Hampshire .................................. 104,285 143,191 229,360 252,021 275,138 295,687 304,474 316,456 38.0 316,456 New Jersey ......................................... 735,097 1,140,310 1,875,481 2,002,975 2,103,355 2,237,339 2,363,439 2,461,249 31.2 2,461,249 New Mexico ........................................ 278,960 393,151 671,206 724,157 769,646 806,673 899,545 939,532 40.0 953,396 New York ............................................ 2,249,821 3,238,773 4,680,376 4,768,772 5,113,506 5,398,182 5,799,931 5,630,108 20.3 5,630,108 North Carolina ..................................... 971,928 1,527,535 2,227,060 2,406,405 2,600,325 2,671,176 2,849,310 2,881,827 29.4 2,881,827 North Dakota ....................................... 151,372 228,609 292,978 328,738 336,361 344,187 361,276 372,051 27.0 372,051 Ohio .................................................... 1,327,483 2,019,351 3,046,603 3,214,612 3,185,955 3,362,837 3,616,901 3,769,392 23.7 3,774,974 Oklahoma ............................................ 404,178 594,561 830,929 906,908 930,102 953,027 996,963 1,037,701 24.9 1,037,701 Oregon ................................................ 497,593 672,175 996,887 1,086,673 1,142,781 1,194,805 1,281,381 1,351,507 35.6 1,351,507 Pennsylvania ....................................... 1,231,502 1,814,384 2,737,817 2,963,168 3,087,186 3,280,879 3,439,340 3,562,793 30.1 3,562,793 Rhode Island ....................................... 138,965 185,215 251,992 260,123 284,957 285,742 297,597 306,825 21.8 306,825 South Carolina .................................... 481,737 741,740 1,065,867 1,100,035 1,172,246 1,244,696 1,310,645 1,369,352 28.5 1,369,352 South Dakota ...................................... 108,632 130,825 173,396 192,001 211,716 229,080 222,811 233,749 34.8 258,488 Tennessee .......................................... 515,578 865,946 1,231,619 1,228,340 1,352,125 1,478,085 1,581,929 1,626,688 32.1 1,627,212 Texas .................................................. 2,278,337 3,674,109 5,105,246 5,439,843 5,961,535 6,352,088 6,643,734 7,023,005 37.6 7,026,170 Utah .................................................... 320,278 503,557 730,496 826,170 856,933 921,052 991,014 1,073,017 46.9 1,073,017 Vermont .............................................. 101,539 157,266 238,512 258,150 263,475 271,261 279,882 292,072 22.5 292,072 Virginia ................................................ 796,616 1,241,534 1,852,416 1,892,627 1,991,591 2,124,635 2,248,402 2,282,078 23.2 2,282,078 Washington ......................................... 837,281 1,143,285 1,757,053 1,837,095 2,007,044 2,074,451 2,211,588 2,273,160 29.4 2,308,241 West Virginia ....................................... 228,755 310,142 459,984 494,733 522,173 560,380 579,349 621,234 35.1 622,712 Wisconsin ............................................ 998,862 1,438,918 2,057,786 2,158,188 2,266,312 2,394,285 2,437,859 2,510,572 22.0 2,513,244 Wyoming ............................................. 111,170 171,335 204,028 225,238 222,188 231,190 254,469 251,339 23.2 251,339 U. S. Service Schools .......................... 555,447 805,892 1,030,399 1,110,028 1,130,748 1,169,731 1,181,234 1,247,093 21.0 1,247,093 Outlying areas ................................ 253,820 421,500 498,958 555,054 607,730 637,164 700,528 780,785 56.5 777,274 American Samoa ................................ 1,609 1,092 3,187 3,228 3,356 3,416 3,483 14,909 367.8 14,909 Federated States of Micronesia .........     3,302 3,286 2,898 3,096 4,589 7,965 141.2 7,965 Guam .................................................. 15,582 29,916 55,641 64,772 68,550 63,515 77,783 65,258 17.3 65,258 Marshall Islands ..................................       3,093 1,220 1,454 1,183 1,226   1,226 Northern Marianas ..............................   1,328 2,472 2,803 2,230 2,838 12,305 14,989 506.3 14,989 Palau ...................................................     3,277 3,172 3,808 2,847 3,156 3,332 1.7 3,332 Puerto Rico ......................................... 224,988 367,523 378,352 427,021 497,590 529,255 567,140 641,083 69.4 637,571 Trust Territory of the Pacific ............... 1,320 5,992                 Virgin Islands ...................................... 10,322 15,649 52,726 47,679 28,078 30,743 30,889 32,024   39.3 32,024 1 Preliminary data. 2 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to particpate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.   Data not reported or not applicable.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 374 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 349.   Current fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of private institutions of higher education and degree granting institutions, by state: 1985   86 to 1995   96 [ In thousands of dollars]

State Institutions of higher education Degree granting institutions, 1995   96 1 Current fund expenditures Educational and general expenditures Current fund expenditures Educational and general expenditures 1985   86 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 1985   86 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ........................ $ 34,341,889 $ 64,041,076 $ 67,503,635 $ 70,585,370 $ 25,255,003 $ 48,885,124 $ 51,984,234 $ 54,956,345 $ 70,951,662 $ 55,359,982 Alabama ...................................... 186,596 299,982 310,329 329,049 164,093 265,046 273,268 291,111 329,527 291,954 Alaska ......................................... 10,171 23,199 19,825 18,352 9,106 18,140 15,631 14,705 17,614 14,264 Arizona ........................................ 52,887 118,954 130,973 145,613 48,600 111,414 122,573 136,806 221,992 211,736 Arkansas ..................................... 70,755 130,253 140,758 148,871 56,492 108,969 118,323 125,776 148,871 125,776 California ..................................... 3,644,031 6,419,322 6,841,207 7,239,184 2,275,958 4,366,131 4,630,342 4,890,029 7,385,479 5,029,754 Colorado ..................................... 160,193 327,275 342,407 370,975 142,218 297,087 312,444 339,143 381,651 349,390 Connecticut ................................. 836,949 1,527,283 1,608,612 1,703,828 733,144 1,363,083 1,441,297 1,525,586 1,706,149 1,527,907 Delaware ..................................... 29,569 31,836 32,995 34,192 26,501 29,040 30,471 31,751 34,192 31,751 District of Columbia .................... 1,307,377 2,386,469 2,533,943 2,577,736 803,566 1,375,811 1,463,154 1,514,309 2,576,230 1,513,135 Florida ......................................... 723,270 1,561,498 1,672,960 1,787,230 553,391 1,234,246 1,329,012 1,417,897 1,835,413 1,460,803 Georgia ....................................... 696,734 1,683,308 1,798,384 1,906,664 429,639 1,122,545 1,188,358 1,269,705 1,916,837 1,279,641 Hawaii ......................................... 32,553 95,803 100,596 116,244 25,323 76,909 81,060 98,308 118,609 100,594 Idaho ........................................... 49,768 95,011 98,011 103,613 37,736 82,923 86,269 90,922 104,356 91,665 Illinois .......................................... 2,729,672 4,778,173 5,103,123 4,958,939 1,495,654 2,936,263 3,186,567 3,425,425 4,875,603 3,348,573 Indiana ........................................ 530,163 1,000,966 1,073,603 1,147,246 426,813 831,223 895,861 965,305 1,167,186 984,720 Iowa ............................................ 353,753 676,124 701,059 726,685 292,291 573,136 595,823 617,065 739,510 629,919 Kansas ........................................ 105,193 171,402 180,052 189,318 87,719 149,127 157,710 166,024 192,432 167,472 Kentucky ..................................... 194,873 330,341 348,262 365,573 159,293 275,986 291,198 307,379 365,868 307,915 Louisiana ..................................... 353,433 739,368 624,279 649,135 221,928 459,780 523,694 516,757 656,789 523,097 Maine .......................................... 133,778 238,196 250,032 269,305 106,912 199,895 210,350 228,581 269,305 228,581 Maryland ..................................... 896,251 1,729,558 1,797,362 1,871,954 562,773 1,217,678 1,299,953 1,355,765 1,871,954 1,355,765 Massachusetts ............................ 3,544,867 6,116,367 6,416,410 6,786,016 2,817,687 5,122,411 5,430,455 5,728,902 6,796,569 5,737,256 Michigan ...................................... 447,436 826,746 855,969 908,360 384,533 730,458 759,066 805,962 913,662 810,989 Minnesota ................................... 521,441 800,291 859,388 907,452 443,972 679,001 732,714 773,952 940,013 805,340 Mississippi ................................... 64,054 123,506 129,945 138,808 55,252 108,547 115,582 122,699 124,907 110,765 Missouri ....................................... 904,573 1,769,749 1,897,323 1,998,070 713,411 1,453,221 1,579,030 1,610,073 2,014,787 1,626,355 Montana ...................................... 22,349 44,193 50,343 56,028 18,565 38,509 44,086 49,855 59,825 52,627 Nebraska ..................................... 161,066 303,472 319,962 337,614 138,929 271,942 290,697 307,831 339,289 309,293 Nevada ........................................ 2,448 6,768 8,194 9,784 2,448 5,998 7,294 9,069 14,063 12,904 New Hampshire .......................... 264,440 487,785 507,227 534,486 230,657 426,736 442,671 466,623 533,508 465,732 New Jersey ................................. 714,733 1,208,726 1,252,185 1,304,191 540,245 980,224 1,022,274 1,066,686 1,303,480 1,065,975 New Mexico ................................ 22,196 40,520 42,331 45,414 19,678 35,079 37,509 40,101 51,722 46,138 New York .................................... 5,596,257 10,157,945 10,653,695 11,072,488 4,572,405 8,315,046 8,721,147 9,117,361 11,085,580 9,129,100 North Carolina ............................. 837,291 2,166,337 2,329,951 2,439,903 592,910 1,417,518 1,515,305 1,593,079 2,438,635 1,592,276 North Dakota ............................... 18,853 36,380 37,350 45,261 15,860 31,776 32,912 40,600 48,441 43,707 Ohio ............................................ 976,303 1,807,756 1,905,659 2,028,849 833,879 1,586,086 1,673,414 1,782,573 2,051,600 1,802,592 Oklahoma .................................... 178,905 286,118 298,275 326,381 149,565 248,299 263,719 287,192 326,548 287,148 Oregon ........................................ 171,604 334,424 365,448 389,397 149,289 299,529 327,566 347,864 403,937 361,277 Pennsylvania ............................... 3,155,505 6,008,469 6,246,550 6,523,828 2,033,015 4,115,506 4,386,385 4,760,938 6,479,714 4,769,807 Rhode Island ............................... 315,651 636,510 667,901 706,781 261,616 545,057 575,255 604,862 706,781 604,862 South Carolina ............................ 196,271 318,200 333,278 357,255 154,496 268,292 282,443 305,051 357,255 305,051 South Dakota .............................. 51,675 66,315 69,866 73,495 44,726 59,358 62,863 65,923 74,217 66,632 Tennessee .................................. 686,514 1,352,769 1,410,990 1,526,247 440,308 894,506 955,718 1,030,665 1,519,687 1,025,044 Texas .......................................... 993,824 1,833,288 1,955,975 2,062,693 855,445 1,653,269 1,764,618 1,863,376 2,076,444 1,878,356 Utah ............................................ 183,060 458,878 492,298 527,193 110,880 317,681 333,683 352,033 533,283 358,123 Vermont ...................................... 150,689 269,666 288,223 305,294 126,299 232,565 250,310 264,387 310,422 269,514 Virginia ........................................ 387,455 807,849 874,960 895,065 313,055 702,430 766,327 785,505 900,487 792,130 Washington ................................. 227,211 475,565 513,782 541,014 189,575 413,941 448,823 473,884 547,539 480,329 West Virginia ............................... 73,716 143,742 172,925 173,764 60,900 126,231 153,757 154,858 179,167 160,159 Wisconsin .................................... 373,533 775,629 827,317 891,492 326,254 701,051 746,036 805,252 891,492 805,252 Wyoming .....................................   12,788 11,142 13,044   10,426 9,219 10,838 13,044 10,838 Outlying areas ........................ 198,653 337,721 360,203 371,434 189,080 320,304 343,782 355,818 379,447 363,814 Puerto Rico ................................. 198,653 337,721 360,203 371,434 189,080 320,304 343,782 355,818 379,447 363,814 1 Preliminary data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to pariticipate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. 2 Preliminary data.   Data not reported or not applicable.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' survey; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 375 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 350.   Current fund expenditures and educational and general expenditures of private nonprofit institutions of higher education, by state: 1985   86 to 1995   96 [ In thousands of dollars]

State Current fund expenditures Educational and general expenditures 1985   86 1990   91 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 1985   86 1990   91 1993   94 1994   95 1995   96 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 United States ......................... $ 33,796,683 $ 52,079,906 $ 62,702,212 $ 66,122,565 $ 69,102,394 $ 24,738,587 $ 38,769,871 $ 47,600,834 $ 50,662,377 $ 53,540,243 Alabama ...................................... 178,766 239,264 295,574 305,267 325,421 156,267 207,496 260,722 268,310 287,587 Alaska ......................................... 10,171 20,217 19,000 15,935 15,825 9,106 17,465 13,945 11,741 12,178 Arizona ........................................ 29,714 55,142 68,051 73,978 79,145 25,426 48,149 62,256 67,250 72,212 Arkansas ..................................... 66,123 105,495 127,431 140,758 148,871 51,883 86,400 106,175 118,323 125,776 California ..................................... 3,603,948 5,471,945 6,244,725 6,664,795 7,045,087 2,239,751 3,435,708 4,195,856 4,458,381 4,701,163 Colorado ..................................... 149,800 228,407 272,360 281,927 306,164 132,057 201,333 243,812 254,409 276,668 Connecticut ................................. 833,406 1,289,575 1,522,821 1,604,088 1,698,631 729,820 1,139,410 1,358,776 1,436,899 1,520,554 Delaware ..................................... 29,569 23,875 31,836 32,995 34,192 26,501 21,598 29,040 30,471 31,751 District of Columbia .................... 1,302,567 1,944,605 2,359,300 2,502,088 2,542,361 798,756 1,167,674 1,348,642 1,431,299 1,478,935 Florida ......................................... 699,301 1,196,724 1,463,445 1,579,744 1,685,909 530,090 927,485 1,138,697 1,238,143 1,320,668 Georgia ....................................... 678,129 1,179,901 1,629,638 1,737,652 1,837,837 413,148 745,739 1,072,149 1,131,412 1,205,439 Hawaii ......................................... 32,553 42,881 95,803 100,046 112,487 25,323 36,528 76,909 80,510 94,552 Idaho ........................................... 49,768 73,335 92,807 95,706 101,336 37,736 58,068 80,720 83,963 88,645 Illinois .......................................... 2,697,651 3,898,129 4,717,431 5,039,207 4,886,489 1,464,293 2,297,177 2,879,622 3,126,846 3,357,508 Indiana ........................................ 516,649 816,342 985,351 1,057,524 1,131,998 413,628 669,802 816,341 880,576 950,855 Iowa ............................................ 348,541 526,077 672,105 699,340 724,931 287,079 438,537 569,117 594,104 615,311 Kansas ........................................ 105,193 144,471 171,402 180,052 189,318 87,719 124,578 149,127 157,710 166,024 Kentucky ..................................... 164,491 251,560 303,998 322,466 343,696 129,775 205,496 251,021 266,885 287,055 Louisiana ..................................... 352,186 566,331 735,286 619,042 647,591 220,929 366,843 455,750 518,458 515,214 Maine .......................................... 130,626 195,243 231,191 243,003 261,920 103,759 162,712 192,943 203,574 221,447 Maryland ..................................... 895,453 1,460,393 1,728,026 1,795,866 1,870,451 562,025 985,902 1,216,146 1,298,456 1,354,261 Massachusetts ............................ 3,539,442 5,332,122 6,110,778 6,410,944 6,778,728 2,813,131 4,270,480 5,116,856 5,425,030 5,721,614 Michigan ...................................... 447,436 699,193 826,746 855,969 906,246 384,533 618,422 730,458 759,066 803,848 Minnesota ................................... 514,606 704,159 777,317 835,710 880,488 437,137 600,818 656,286 709,344 747,375 Mississippi ................................... 61,672 97,737 121,959 128,400 138,808 52,869 84,806 107,001 114,038 122,699 Missouri ....................................... 895,639 1,460,670 1,738,375 1,863,299 1,961,954 705,570 1,155,834 1,423,585 1,546,602 1,575,734 Montana ...................................... 19,882 33,471 44,193 50,343 56,028 16,269 29,165 38,509 44,086 49,855 Nebraska ..................................... 161,066 243,678 300,276 316,684 333,719 138,929 217,590 268,746 287,419 303,937 Nevada ........................................ 2,448 2,991 4,926 5,356 5,981 2,448 2,593 4,293 4,616 5,391 New Hampshire .......................... 259,187 399,725 476,137 493,772 518,980 225,456 348,112 416,727 431,135 453,866 New Jersey ................................. 711,478 957,661 1,176,088 1,215,489 1,262,798 537,298 766,929 949,927 988,131 1,027,923 New Mexico ................................ 22,196 22,969 32,874 33,350 34,683 19,678 19,682 27,567 28,714 29,652 New York .................................... 5,487,876 8,113,252 9,930,462 10,424,477 10,836,610 4,467,861 6,607,801 8,095,536 8,500,357 8,888,821 North Carolina ............................. 815,258 1,698,373 2,165,209 2,328,865 2,439,035 576,298 1,117,334 1,416,468 1,514,290 1,592,275 North Dakota ............................... 18,853 27,978 36,380 37,350 45,261 15,860 24,033 31,776 32,912 40,600 Ohio ............................................ 924,464 1,441,192 1,755,406 1,850,166 1,973,986 782,760 1,241,939 1,536,893 1,620,912 1,730,980 Oklahoma .................................... 174,542 257,433 270,702 283,509 310,010 145,202 216,368 233,556 248,985 271,900 Oregon ........................................ 168,031 271,971 328,798 359,579 385,185 145,976 242,945 294,062 321,865 343,768 Pennsylvania ............................... 3,106,911 4,838,303 5,856,506 6,089,249 6,361,053 1,986,082 3,180,299 3,969,587 4,237,558 4,607,717 Rhode Island ............................... 315,651 518,425 636,510 667,901 706,781 261,616 437,800 545,057 575,255 604,862 South Carolina ............................ 192,141 315,236 310,486 324,648 347,026 151,123 254,390 260,850 274,049 294,984 South Dakota .............................. 39,893 52,180 54,663 57,643 59,988 34,212 46,187 48,450 51,477 53,557 Tennessee .................................. 676,815 1,084,292 1,343,820 1,402,160 1,512,404 431,327 694,318 885,665 946,888 1,017,011 Texas .......................................... 986,318 1,492,198 1,781,097 1,900,574 2,004,583 848,799 1,332,293 1,604,014 1,712,398 1,808,955 Utah ............................................ 182,127 269,613 449,691 480,990 515,069 109,947 220,023 308,494 322,375 339,908 Vermont ...................................... 150,689 266,539 269,666 288,223 305,294 126,299 229,548 232,565 250,310 264,387 Virginia ........................................ 384,007 649,347 775,845 848,456 864,606 309,665 559,607 672,359 741,528 756,700 Washington ................................. 225,637 354,262 455,483 492,370 517,804 188,068 302,690 394,923 429,428 452,996 West Virginia ............................... 71,547 104,122 137,492 167,111 168,229 58,730 89,187 120,423 148,386 149,678 Wisconsin .................................... 366,266 640,901 766,744 818,499 881,396 320,370 514,579 692,432 737,505 795,443 Wyoming .....................................                     Outlying areas ........................ 189,424 245,693 316,382 337,090 345,802 179,851 231,377 298,995 320,705 330,230 Puerto Rico ................................. 189,424 245,693 316,382 337,090 345,802 179,851 231,377 298,995 320,705 330,230 1 Preliminary data.   Data not reported or not applicable.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' survey; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared January 1999.) 376 HIGHER EDUCATION: EXPENDITURES Table 351.   Current fund expenditures per full time equivalent student in institutions of higher education, by control and type of institution and purpose of expenditure: 1995   96 1 Item Total Public Private All institutions Universities Other 4 year 2 year All institutions Universities Other 4 year 2 year All institutions 2 Universities Other 4 year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total current fund expenditures 3 .......... $ 18,383 $ 32,265 $ 18,304 $ 7,255 $ 15,403 $ 25,444 $ 17,307 $ 7,180 $ 27,325 $ 52,413 $ 19,907 Educational and general expenditures ......... 14,604 24,126 14,676 6,785 12,380 19,700 13,403 6,733 21,275 37,200 16,725 Instruction ................................................. 5,571 8,705 5,466 3,185 4,978 6,946 5,486 3,240 7,348 13,902 5,435 Research .................................................. 1,695 4,863 1,093 8 1,558 4,292 1,351 8 2,107 6,551 678 Public service ........................................... 682 1,447 621 151 686 1,611 619 158 669 960 623 Academic support ..................................... 1,288 2,182 1,280 576 1,160 1,865 1,314 563 1,671 3,118 1,224 Libraries ................................................ 416 747 414 151 346 593 389 149 625 1,201 455 Student services ....................................... 923 907 1,054 744 748 742 780 722 1,446 1,396 1,494 Institutional support .................................. 1,756 2,015 2,082 1,071 1,379 1,417 1,713 1,038 2,886 3,782 2,675 Operation and maintenance of plant ........ 1,186 1,663 1,250 706 1,031 1,357 1,170 691 1,650 2,567 1,379 Scholarships and fellowships ................... 1,271 1,948 1,564 296 656 1,168 727 261 3,118 4,252 2,910 From unrestricted funds ........................ 794 1,280 1,026 62 317 689 349 49 2,226 3,026 2,116 From restricted funds 4 .......................... 477 668 538 234 339 479 379 212 892 1,226 794 Mandatory transfers ................................. 232 395 267 50 183 302 242 51 380 672 306 1 Preliminary data.

2 Includes private 2 year colleges.

3 Includes expenditures for auxiliary enterprises, hospitals, and independent operations which are not shown separately.

4 Excludes Pell Grants. NOTE.   Data for private 2 year colleges are not shown separately because of low survey response rate. Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Fall Enrollment'' and `` Finance surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.)

Table 352.   Additions to physical plant value of institutions of higher education, by type of addition and control of institution: 1969   70 to 1995   96 [ In millions]

Year Total, all institutions Public institutions Private institutions Total Land Buildings Equipment Total Land Buildings Equipment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1969   70 .............................................. $ 4,233 $ 2,985 $ 152 $ 2,185 $ 648 $ 1,248 $ 59 $ 967 $ 221 1970   71 .............................................. 4,165 3,032 128 2,241 663 1,134 41 895 198 1971   72 .............................................. 4,163 3,054 112 2,277 665 1,109 53 860 195 1972   73 .............................................. 3,967 2,940 126 2,077 737 1,028 53 750 225 1973   74 .............................................. 4,312 3,206 205 2,188 813 1,106 55 816 235 1974   75 .............................................. 4,761 3,476 263 2,246 967 1,284 67 860 357 1975   76 .............................................. 4,702 3,552 168 2,365 1,019 1,150 58 768 325 1976   77 .............................................. 4,623 3,362 128 2,208 1,026 1,261 58 838 366 1977   78 .............................................. 4,527 3,306 102 2,117 1,087 1,221 45 777 400 1978   79 .............................................. 4,576 3,377 154 1,944 1,279 1,199 52 763 383 1979   80 .............................................. 5,551 3,666 164 2,149 1,354 1,886 98 1,220 568 1980   81 .............................................. 6,471 4,279 146 2,555 1,579 2,192 104 1,398 690 1981   82 .............................................. 6,975 4,594 170 2,679 1,744 2,382 83 1,488 811 1982   83 .............................................. 7,421 4,765 374 2,396 1,994 2,656 106 1,666 884 1983   84 .............................................. 7,604 5,038 196 2,427 2,415 2,566 110 1,507 950 1984   85 .............................................. 8,306 5,390 202 2,455 2,733 2,916 135 1,671 1,110 1985   86 .............................................. 10,149 6,875 237 3,318 3,320 3,274 128 1,922 1,225 1986   87 .............................................. 10,675 6,899 313 3,235 3,351 3,776 160 2,408 1,208 1987   88 .............................................. 11,589 7,218 272 3,520 3,426 4,371 250 2,715 1,406 1988   89 .............................................. 13,638 8,162 562 3,845 3,756 5,477 243 3,401 1,833 1989   90 .............................................. 15,900 10,616 532 5,438 4,647 5,284 408 3,277 1,599 1990   91 .............................................. 17,634 11,472 449 6,168 4,855 6,162 448 3,799 1,914 1991   92 .............................................. 15,543 9,820 412 5,272 4,136 5,723 380 3,419 1,925 1992   93 .............................................. 16,494 10,599 336 5,982 4,281 5,895 491 3,458 1,946 1993   94 .............................................. 16,379 10,263 361 5,582 4,320 6,116 259 3,840 2,017 1994   95 .............................................. 18,556 12,129 448 7,079 4,603 6,427 277 3,994 2,156 1995   96 1 ............................................ 20,873 13,228 428 7,658 5,141 7,645 356 4,897 2,392 1 Data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.

NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals. SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 377 HIGHER EDUCATION: PROPERTY Table 353.   Value of property and liabilities of institutions of higher education: 1899   1900 to 1995   96 [ In thousands]

Academic year Property value at end of year Endowment ( end of year market value) 1 Liabilities of plant funds Total Physical plant value Endowment ( book value) 1 Total Land Buildings Equipment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1899   1900 ............................. $ 448,597 $ 253,599       2 $ 194,998     1909   10 ................................. 781,255 457,594 $ 92,359 $ 297,153 $ 68,082 2 323,661     1919   20 ................................. 1,316,404 747,333 128,922 495,920 122,491 2 569,071     1929   30 ................................. 3,437,117 2,065,049 304,114 1,490,014 270,921 2 1,372,068     1935   36 ................................. 3,913,028 2,359,418 334,085 1,636,722 388,611 2 1,553,610     1937   38 ................................. 4,208,695 2,556,075 313,665 1,811,309 431,101 1,652,620     1939   40 ................................. 4,440,063 2,753,780       1,686,283     1941   42 ................................. 4,525,925 2,759,261       2 1,766,664     1947   48 ................................. 6,076,212 3,691,725       2,384,487     1949   50 ................................. 7,401,187 4,799,964       2 2,601,223     1951   52 ................................. 9,241,725 6,373,195       2,868,530     1953   54 ................................. 10,717,082 7,523,193       3,193,889     1955   56 ................................. 12,561,046 8,858,907 624,467 3 6,697,648 1,536,792 3,702,139   $ 894,383 1957   58 ................................. 15,770,197 11,124,489 733,182 3 8,540,429 1,850,878 4,645,708   1,444,602 1959   60 ................................. 18,870,628 13,548,548 842,664 3 10,472,478 2,233,407 5,322,080   1,964,306 1961   62 ................................. 22,761,193 16,681,844 1,009,294 3 12,900,093 2,772,457 6,079,349   2,806,868 1963   64 ................................. 28,232,362 21,279,346 1,292,691 3 16,460,867 3,525,788 6,953,016   4,190,189 1965   66 ................................. 35,274,597 26,851,273 1,758,901 3 20,653,028 4,439,344 8,423,324 $ 11,126,831 6,071,750 1967   68 .................................   34,506,348 2,062,545 3 26,673,826 5,769,977       1969   70 ................................. 52,930,923 42,093,580 3,076,751 31,865,179 7,151,649 10,837,343 11,206,632 9,384,731 1970   71 ................................. 57,394,951 46,053,585 3,117,895 35,042,590 7,893,100 11,341,366 13,714,330 9,786,240 1971   72 ................................. 62,136,459 50,153,251 3,287,326 38,131,339 8,734,586 11,983,208 15,180,934 10,291,095 1972   73 ................................. 66,814,103 53,814,596 3,492,611 40,808,481 9,513,503 12,999,507 15,099,840 10,823,595 1973   74 ................................. 71,305,817 58,002,777 3,888,372 43,701,491 10,412,914 13,303,040 13,168,076 11,400,916 1974   75 ................................. 75,585,674 62,183,078 4,210,901 46,453,642 11,518,536 13,402,596 14,364,545 12,413,420 1975   76 ................................. 80,300,595 66,348,304 4,345,232 49,349,224 12,653,847 13,952,291 15,488,265 12,687,015 1976   77 ................................. 85,486,550 70,739,427 4,444,927 52,384,393 13,910,107 14,747,123 16,304,553 13,068,341 1977   78 ................................. 90,337,044 74,770,804 4,621,071 55,188,603 14,961,131 15,566,240 16,840,129 13,437,861 1978   79 ................................. 95,442,468 78,637,991 4,824,250 57,563,005 16,250,737 16,804,477 18,158,634 13,712,648 1979   80 ................................. 102,294,859 83,733,387 5,037,172 60,847,097 17,849,119 18,561,472 20,743,045 14,181,991 1980   81 ................................. 109,701,242 88,760,567 5,212,453 64,158,017 19,390,097 20,940,675 23,465,001 14,794,669 1981   82 ................................. 117,601,954 94,516,512 5,402,339 67,794,877 21,319,297 23,085,442 24,415,245 15,487,618 1982   83 ................................. 127,345,302 100,992,841 5,889,080 71,519,718 23,584,042 26,352,461 32,691,133 16,749,900 1983   84 ................................. 137,141,741 107,640,113 6,109,746 75,220,765 26,309,602 29,501,629 32,975,610 18,277,315 1984   85 ................................. 148,163,096 114,763,986 6,236,159 79,133,998 29,393,829 33,399,110 39,916,361 22,105,712 1985   86 ................................. 160,959,517 122,261,355 6,573,923 82,886,012 32,801,419 38,698,162 50,280,775 25,699,408 1986   87 .................................   126,426,171 7,165,445 84,838,657 34,422,069   56,585,153   1987   88 .................................   139,456,342 8,307,789 92,428,615 38,719,937   57,391,814   1988   89 .................................   158,693,085 9,462,095 104,743,145 44,487,845   64,155,247   1989   90 .................................   164,635,000 9,968,000 108,609,000 46,058,000   67,978,726   1990   91 .................................   178,084,000 10,028,000 117,683,000 50,373,000   72,048,579   1991   92 .................................   184,813,238 10,528,395 122,422,566 51,862,277   82,534,026   1992   93 .................................   192,760,817 11,006,451 128,436,599 53,317,767   92,239,311   1993   94 .................................   199,463,715 11,197,662 133,124,680 55,141,373   96,012,591   1994   95 .................................   212,201,113 11,710,436 142,553,837 57,936,840   109,706,704   1995   96 4 ...............................   220,400,104 11,407,020 150,458,886 58,534,198   128,837,030   1 Includes funds functioning as endowment. 2 Includes annuity funds. 3 Includes improvements to land and equipment. These funds are included under appropriate categories after 1967   68. 4 Data are for 4 year and 2 year degree granting institutions that were eligible to participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs.   Data not available. NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey ( HEGIS), `` Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education'' surveys; and Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ( IPEDS), `` Finance'' surveys. ( This table was prepared November 1998.) 378 HIGHER EDUCATION: PROPERTY Table 354.   Endowment funds of the 120 institutions of higher education with the largest amounts: Fiscal year 1996 Institution Rank order 1 Market value of endowment, in thousands of dollars ( end of fiscal year) Institution Rank order 1 Market value of endowment, in thousands of dollars ( end of fiscal year)

1 2 3 1 2 3 United States ( all institutions) ........................................   $ 128,837,030 120 institutions with the largest amounts .......................   85,506,186 Harvard University ( MA) ..................................................... 1 9,058,923 Wesleyan University ( CT) .................................................. 61 383,613 Yale University ( CT) ........................................................... 2 4,860,582 Baylor University ( TX) ........................................................ 62 380,916 University of Texas at Austin ............................................. 3 4,359,738 Tulane University of Louisiana .......................................... 63 370,723 Stanford University ( CA) .................................................... 4 3,691,298 Lafayette College ( PA) ....................................................... 64 359,861 Princeton University ( NJ) ................................................... 5 2 2,872,865 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ( NY) ............................... 65 352,212 Columbia University ( NY) ................................................... 6 2,698,929 Purdue University, Main Campus ( IN) ............................... 66 345,639 University of California System .......................................... 7 2,594,787 Syracuse University, Main Campus ( NY) .......................... 67 332,540 Massachusetts Institute of Technology .............................. 8 2,493,627 Agnes Scott College ( GA) ................................................. 68 328,698 Washington University ( MO) .............................................. 9 2,344,618 Oberlin College ( OH) ......................................................... 69 328,291 University of Pennsylvania ................................................. 10 2,108,961 Loyola University of Chicago ( IL) ...................................... 70 326,628 Rice University ( TX) ........................................................... 11 1,712,577 University of Miami ( FL) ..................................................... 71 310,481 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor ..................................... 12 1,639,285 The Juilliard School ( NY) ................................................... 72 309,627 Northwestern University ( IL) .............................................. 13 1,517,852 Cornell University Medical College ( NY) ........................... 73 308,374 University of Notre Dame ( IN) ........................................... 14 1,227,256 Tufts University ( MA) ......................................................... 74 298,291 Vanderbilt University ( TN) .................................................. 15 1,144,784 Carleton College ( MN) ....................................................... 75 292,689 Dartmouth College ( NH) .................................................... 16 1,142,079 Rochester Institute of Technology ( NY) ............................ 76 292,589 University of Southern California ....................................... 17 1,022,339 Brigham Young University ( UT) ......................................... 77 289,647 University of Virginia, Main Campus .................................. 18 944,457 Bryn Mawr College ( PA) .................................................... 78 289,512 California Institute of Technology ...................................... 19 827,747 University of Florida ........................................................... 79 287,843 University of Rochester ( NY) ............................................. 20 811,507 University of Texas, Southwest Medical Center ................ 80 278,217 New York University ........................................................... 21 806,233 Bowdoin College ( ME) ....................................................... 81 276,486 Brown University ( RI) ......................................................... 22 789,699 Mount Sinai School of Medicine ( NY) ............................... 82 272,153 Rockefeller University ( NY) ................................................ 23 699,928 University of South Alabama ............................................. 83 269,921 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ........................ 24 641,934 Mount Holyoke College ( MA) ............................................. 84 258,726 Ohio State University, Main Campus ................................. 25 640,640 Colgate University ( NY) ..................................................... 85 248,381 Swarthmore College ( PA) .................................................. 26 623,981 Thomas Jefferson University ( PA) ..................................... 86 247,874 University of Washington ................................................... 27 613,981 Trinity College ( CT) ............................................................ 87 246,972 Princeton Theological Seminary ( NJ) ................................ 28 608,752 Hamilton College ( NY) ....................................................... 88 246,934 Wellesley College ( MA) ...................................................... 29 605,509 Rush University ( IL) ........................................................... 89 246,493 Texas Christian University ................................................. 30 602,727 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University ............ 90 244,900 Boston College ( MA) .......................................................... 31 591,609 Brandeis University ( MA) ................................................... 91 234,751 Southern Methodist University ( TX) ................................... 32 589,163 University of Tennessee ( Central office) ........................... 92 234,279 University of Delaware ....................................................... 33 583,249 University of Louisville ( KY) ............................................... 93 233,020 Smith College ( MA) ............................................................ 34 583,163 Rutgers, The State University, Central Office ( NJ) ........... 94 232,679 Grinnell College ( IA) ........................................................... 35 573,157 Cornell University, Statutory Colleges ( NY) ...................... 95 231,656 Williams College ( MA) ........................................................ 36 561,148 College of the Holy Cross ( MA) ......................................... 96 228,416 University of Richmond ( VA) .............................................. 37 550,166 Loyola University in New Orleans ( LA) ............................. 97 227,702 University of Cincinnati, Main Campus ( OH) ..................... 38 549,193 Santa Clara University ( CA) .............................................. 98 225,736 Baylor College of Medicine ( TX) ........................................ 39 548,387 University of Wisconsin, Madison ...................................... 99 213,606 Washington and Lee University ( VA) ................................. 40 532,803 Colorado College ............................................................... 100 213,504 Carnegie Mellon University ( PA) ........................................ 41 524,305 Denison University ( OH) .................................................... 101 211,888 University of Pittsburgh, Main Campus ( PA) ..................... 42 509,716 North Carolina State University at Raleigh ........................ 102 208,927 Macalester College ( MN) ................................................... 43 507,822 Southwestern University ( TX) ............................................ 103 208,524 George Washington University ( DC) ................................. 44 497,138 Depauw University ( IN) ...................................................... 104 206,379 Pomona College ( CA) ........................................................ 45 495,413 University of Alabama ........................................................ 105 206,169 Wake Forest University ( NC) ............................................. 46 474,904 Bucknell University ( PA) .................................................... 106 204,458 University of Tulsa ( OK) ..................................................... 47 474,770 University of Missouri at Columbia .................................... 107 198,911 State University of New York ( multiple campuses) ........... 48 462,422 Regent University ( VA) ...................................................... 108 198,412 Saint Louis University, Main Campus ( MO) ...................... 49 448,993 Wabash College ( IN) ......................................................... 109 194,881 Georgetown University ( DC) .............................................. 50 447,651 State University of New York at Buffalo ............................ 110 192,847 Berea College ( KY) ............................................................ 51 445,787 University of New Mexico, Main Campus .......................... 111 192,229 Lehigh University ( PA) ....................................................... 52 433,571 Franklin And Marshall College ( PA) .................................. 112 181,962 Boston University ( MA) ...................................................... 53 430,466 Occidental College ( CA) .................................................... 113 178,162 Pennsylvania State University, Main Campus ................... 54 426,599 Worcester Polytechnic Institute ( MA) ................................ 114 178,037 Middlebury College ( VT) .................................................... 55 423,363 Texas A & M University ..................................................... 115 177,209 Amherst College ( MA) ........................................................ 56 413,635 University of the South ( TN) .............................................. 116 175,276 Trinity University ( TX) ........................................................ 57 412,543 Union College ( NY) ............................................................ 117 174,391 Vassar College ( NY) .......................................................... 58 403,287 Whitman College ( WA) ...................................................... 118 173,416 University of Minnesota, Twin Cities .................................. 59 401,318 Reed College ( OR) ............................................................ 119 172,994 Yeshiva University ( NY) ..................................................... 60 394,398 Davidson College ( NC) ...................................................... 120 172,804 1 Institutions ranked by size of endowment. Excludes institutions which have not reported data for 1995   96.

2 1995 data.   Data not applicable. NOTE.   Because of rounding, details may not add to total.