system design plan as specified in Sec.  60.38f(d) and install a
collection and control system as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of
this section; calculate NMOC emissions using the next higher tier in
Sec.  60.35f; or conduct a surface emission monitoring demonstration
using the procedures specified in Sec.  60.35f(a)(6).
    (B) If the landfill is permanently closed, a closure report must be
submitted to the Administrator as provided in Sec.  60.38f(f), except
for exemptions allowed under Sec.  60.31f(e)(4).
    (C) For the closed landfill subcategory, if the most recently
calculated NMOC emission rate is equal to or greater than 50 megagrams
per year, the owner or operator must either: submit a gas collection
and control system design plan as specified in Sec.  60.38f(d), except
for exemptions allowed under 60.31f(e)(3), and install a collection and
control system as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section;
calculate NMOC emissions using the next higher tier in Sec.  60.35f; or
conduct a surface emission monitoring demonstration using the
procedures specified in Sec.  60.35f(a)(6).
    (2) If the calculated NMOC emission rate is equal to or greater
than 34 megagrams per year using Tier 1, 2, or 3 procedures, the owner
or operator must either: submit a collection and control system design
plan prepared by a professional engineer to the Administrator within 1
year as specified in Sec.  60.38f(d); calculate NMOC emissions using a
higher tier in Sec.  60.35f; or conduct a surface emission monitoring
demonstration using the procedures specified in Sec.  60.35f(a)(6).
    (3) For the closed landfill subcategory, if the calculated NMOC
emission rate is equal to or greater than 50 megagrams per year using
Tier 1, 2, or 3 procedures,

the owner or operator must either: submit a collection and control
system design plan prepared by a professional engineer to the
Administrator within 1 year as specified in Sec.  60.38f(d), except for
exemptions allowed under 60.31f(e)(3); calculate NMOC emissions using a
higher tier in Sec.  60.35f; or conduct a surface emission monitoring
demonstration using the procedures specified in Sec.  60.35f(a)(6).
    (f) Removal criteria. The collection and control system may be
capped or removed if the criteria in paragraph (f)(1), (f)(2), and
either (f)(3), (f)(4), or (f)(5) of this section are met:
    (1) The landfill is closed or an area of an open landfill is closed
as defined in Sec.  60.41f. A closure report must be submitted to the
Administrator as provided in Sec.  60.38f(f);
    (2) The collection and control system must have been in operation a
minimum of 15 years or the landfill owner or operator must demonstrate
that the GCCS will be unable to operate for 15 years due to declining
gas flow; and
    (3) The landfill or closed area demonstrates for four consecutive
quarters that there are no surface emissions of 500 parts per million
or greater as determined using procedures specified in Sec.  60.36f(d);
    (4) Following the procedures specified in Sec.  60.35f(b), the
calculated NMOC emission rate at the landfill must be less than 34
megagrams per year on three successive test dates. The test dates must
be no less than 90 days apart, and no more than 180 days apart; or
    (5) For the closed landfill subcategory, following the procedures
specified in Sec.  60.35f(b), the calculated NMOC emission rate at the
landfill must be less than 50 megagrams per year on three successive
test dates. The test dates must be no less than 90 days apart, and no
more than 180 days apart.

Sec.  60.34f  Operational standards.

    For approval, a State plan must include provisions for the
operational standards in this section for an MSW landfill with a gas
collection and control system used to comply with the provisions of
Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c). Each owner or operator of an MSW landfill with
a gas collection and control system used to comply with the provisions
of Sec.  60.33f(b) must:
    (a) Operate the collection system such that gas is collected from
each area, cell, or group of cells in the MSW landfill in which solid
waste has been in place for:
    (1) 5 years or more if active; or
    (2) 2 years or more if closed or at final grade;
    (b) Operate the collection system with negative pressure at each
wellhead except under the following conditions:
    (1) A fire or increased well temperature. The owner or operator
must record instances when positive pressure occurs in efforts to avoid
a fire. These records must be submitted with the annual reports as
provided in Sec.  60.38f(h)(1);
    (2) Use of a geomembrane or synthetic cover. The owner or operator
must develop acceptable pressure limits in the design plan;
    (3) A decommissioned well. A well may experience a static positive
pressure after shut down to accommodate for declining flows. All design
changes must be approved by the Administrator as specified in Sec.
60.38f(d);
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) Operate the collection system so that the methane concentration
is less than 500 parts per million above background at the surface of
the landfill. To determine if this level is exceeded, the owner or
operator must conduct surface testing around the perimeter of the
collection area and along a pattern that traverses the landfill at no
more than 30-meter intervals and where visual observations indicate
elevated concentrations of landfill gas, such as distressed vegetation
and cracks or seeps in the cover and all cover penetrations. Thus, the
owner or operator must monitor any openings that are within an area of
the landfill where waste has been placed and a gas collection system is
required. The owner or operator may establish an alternative traversing
pattern that ensures equivalent coverage. A surface monitoring design
plan must be developed that includes a topographical map with the
monitoring route and the rationale for any site-specific deviations
from the 30-meter intervals. Areas with steep slopes or other dangerous
areas may be excluded from the surface testing.
    (e) Operate the system such that all collected gases are vented to
a control system designed and operated in compliance with Sec.
60.33f(c). In the event the collection or control system is not
operating, the gas mover system must be shut down and all valves in the
collection and control system contributing to venting of the gas to the
atmosphere must be closed within 1 hour; and
    (f) Operate the control system at all times when the collected gas
is routed to the system.
    (g) If monitoring demonstrates that the operational requirements in
paragraphs (b) or (d) of this section are not met, corrective action
must be taken as specified in Sec.  60.36f(a)(3) through (4) or Sec.
60.36f(c). If corrective actions are taken as specified in Sec.
60.36f, the monitored exceedance is not a violation of the operational
requirements in this section.

Sec.  60.35f  Test methods and procedures.

    For approval, a State plan must include provisions in this section
to calculate the landfill NMOC emission rate or to conduct a surface
emission monitoring demonstration.
    (a)(1) The landfill owner or operator must calculate the NMOC
emission rate using either the equation provided in paragraph (a)(1)(i)
of this section or the equation provided in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of
this section. Both equations may be used if the actual year-to-year
solid waste acceptance rate is known, as specified in paragraph
(a)(1)(i) of this section, for part of the life of the landfill and the
actual year-to-year solid waste acceptance rate is unknown, as
specified in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section, for part of the life
of the landfill. The values to be used in both equations are 0.05 per
year for k, 170 cubic meters per megagram for Lo, and 4,000 parts per
million by volume as hexane for the CNMOC. For landfills located in
geographical areas with a 30-year annual average precipitation of less
than 25 inches, as measured at the nearest representative official
meteorologic site, the k value to be used is 0.02 per year.
    (i)(A) The following equation must be used if the actual year-to-
year solid waste acceptance rate is known.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP27AU15.001

Where:

MNMOC = Total NMOC emission rate from the landfill,
megagrams per year.
k = Methane generation rate constant, year-1.
Lo = Methane generation potential, cubic meters per
megagram solid waste.
Mi = Mass of solid waste in the ith section, megagrams.
ti = Age of the ith section, years.

CNMOC = Concentration of NMOC, parts per million by volume as
hexane.
3.6 x 10-9 = Conversion factor.

    (B) The mass of nondegradable solid waste may be subtracted from
the total mass of solid waste in a particular section of the landfill
when calculating the value for Mi if documentation of the nature and
amount of such wastes is maintained.
    (ii)(A) The following equation must be used if the actual year-to-
year solid waste acceptance rate is unknown.

MNMOC = 2LoR (e-kc-e-kt) CNMOC(3.6 x
10-9)

Where:

MNMOC = Mass emission rate of NMOC, megagrams per year.
Lo = Methane generation potential, cubic meters per
megagram solid waste.
R = Average annual acceptance rate, megagrams per year.
k = Methane generation rate constant, year-1.
t = Age of landfill, years.
CNMOC = Concentration of NMOC, parts per million by
volume as hexane.
c = Time since closure, years; for an active landfill c = 0 and e-kc
= 1.
3.6 x 10-9 = Conversion factor.

    (B) The mass of nondegradable solid waste may be subtracted from
the total mass of solid waste in a particular section of the landfill
when calculating the value of R, if documentation of the nature and
amount of such wastes is maintained.
    (2) Tier 1. The owner or operator must compare the calculated NMOC
mass emission rate to the standard of 34 megagrams per year.
    (i) If the NMOC emission rate calculated in paragraph (a)(1) of
this section is less than 34 megagrams per year, then the owner or
operator must submit an NMOC emission rate report according to Sec.
60.38f(c), and must recalculate the NMOC mass emission rate annually as
required under Sec.  60.33f(e).
    (ii) If the NMOC emission rate calculated in paragraph (a)(1) of
this section is equal to or greater than 34 megagrams per year, then
the landfill owner or operator must either:
    (A) Submit a gas collection and control system design plan as
specified in Sec.  60.38f(d) within 1 year and install and operate a
gas collection and control system according to Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c)
within 30 months;
    (B) Determine a site-specific NMOC concentration and recalculate
the NMOC emission rate using the Tier 2 procedures provided in
paragraph (a)(3) of this section;
    (C) Determine a site-specific methane generation rate constant and
recalculate the NMOC emission rate using the Tier 3 procedures provided
in paragraph (a)(4) of this section; or
    (D) Conduct a surface emission monitoring demonstration using the
Tier 4 procedures specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section.
    (3) Tier 2. The landfill owner or operator must determine the site-
specific NMOC concentration using the following sampling procedure. The
landfill owner or operator must install at least two sample probes per
hectare of landfill surface that has retained waste for at least 2
years. If the landfill is larger than 25 hectares in area, only 50
samples are required. The sample probes should be located to avoid
known areas of nondegradable solid waste. The owner or operator must
collect and analyze one sample of landfill gas from each probe to
determine the NMOC concentration using Method 25 or 25C of appendix A
of this part. Taking composite samples from different probes into a
single cylinder is allowed; however, equal sample volumes must be taken
from each probe. For each composite, the sampling rate, collection
times, beginning and ending cylinder vacuums, or alternative volume
measurements must be recorded to verify that composite volumes are
equal. Composite sample volumes should not be less than one liter
unless evidence can be provided to substantiate the accuracy of smaller
volumes. Terminate compositing before the cylinder approaches ambient
pressure where measurement accuracy diminishes. If more than the
required number of samples is taken, all samples must be used in the
analysis. The landfill owner or operator must divide the NMOC
concentration from Method 25 or 25C of appendix A of this part by six
to convert from CNMOC as carbon to CNMOC as hexane. If the landfill has
an active or passive gas removal system in place, Method 25 or 25C
samples may be collected from these systems instead of surface probes
provided the removal system can be shown to provide sampling as
representative as the two sampling probe per hectare requirement. For
active collection systems, samples may be collected from the common
header pipe. The sample location on the common header pipe must be
before any gas moving, condensate removal, or treatment system
equipment. For active collection systems, a minimum of three samples
must be collected from the header pipe.
    (i) Within 60 days after the date of determining the NMOC
concentration and corresponding NMOC emission rate, the owner or
operator must submit the results according to Sec.  60.38f(j).
    (ii) The landfill owner or operator must recalculate the NMOC mass
emission rate using the equations provided in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or
(a)(1)(ii) of this section using the average site-specific NMOC
concentration from the collected samples instead of the default value
provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (iii) If the NMOC mass emission rate is less than 34 megagrams per
year, then the owner or operator must submit an NMOC emission rate
report according to Sec.  60.38f(c), and must recalculate the NMOC mass
emission rate annually as required under Sec.  60.33f(e). The site-
specific NMOC concentration must be retested every 5 years using the
methods specified in this section.
    (iv) If the NMOC mass emission rate as calculated using the Tier 2
site-specific NMOC concentration is equal to or greater than 34
megagrams per year, the owner or operator must either:
    (A) Submit a gas collection and control system design plan as
specified in Sec.  60.38f(d) within 1 year and install and operate a
gas collection and control system according to Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c)
within 30 months;
    (B) Determine a site-specific methane generation rate constant and
recalculate the NMOC emission rate using the site-specific methane
generation rate using the Tier 3 procedures specified in paragraph
(a)(4) of this section; or
    (C) Conduct a surface emission monitoring demonstration using the
Tier 4 procedures specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section.
    (4) Tier 3. The site-specific methane generation rate constant must
be determined using the procedures provided in Method 2E of appendix A
of this part. The landfill owner or operator must estimate the NMOC
mass emission rate using the equations in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or
(a)(1)(ii) of this section and using a site-specific methane generation
rate constant, and the site-specific NMOC concentration as determined
in paragraph (a)(3) of this section instead of the default values
provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. The landfill owner or
operator must compare the resulting NMOC mass emission rate to the
standard of 34 megagrams per year.
    (i) If the NMOC mass emission rate as calculated using the Tier 2
site-specific NMOC concentration and Tier 3 site-specific methane
generation rate is equal to or greater than 34 megagrams per year, the
owner or operator must either:
    (A) Submit a gas collection and control system design plan as
specified in Sec.  60.38f(d) within 1 year and install and operate a
gas collection and control

system according to Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c) within 30 months; or
    (B) Conduct a surface emission monitoring demonstration using the
Tier 4 procedures specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section.
    (ii) If the NMOC mass emission rate is less than 34 megagrams per
year, then the owner or operator must recalculate the NMOC mass
emission rate annually using the equations in paragraph (a)(1) of this
section and using the site-specific Tier 2 NMOC concentration and Tier
3 methane generation rate constant and submit a periodic emission rate
report as provided in Sec.  60.38f(c). The calculation of the methane
generation rate constant is performed only once, and the value obtained
from this test must be used in all subsequent annual NMOC emission rate
calculations.
    (5) The owner or operator may use other methods to determine the
NMOC concentration or a site-specific methane generation rate constant
as an alternative to the methods required in paragraphs (a)(3) and
(a)(4) of this section if the method has been approved by the
Administrator.
    (6) Tier 4. The landfill owner or operator may demonstrate that
surface methane emissions are below 500 parts per million by conducting
surface emission monitoring on a quarterly basis using the following
procedures.
    (i) The owner or operator must measure surface concentrations of
methane along the entire perimeter of the landfill and along a pattern
that traverses the landfill at no more than 30-meter intervals using an
organic vapor analyzer, flame ionization detector, or other portable
monitor meeting the specifications provided in paragraph (a)(6)(iv) of
this section.
    (ii) The background concentration must be determined by moving the
probe inlet upwind and downwind at least 30 meters from the waste mass
boundary of the landfill.
    (iii) Surface emission monitoring must be performed in accordance
with section 8.3.1 of Method 21 of appendix A of this part, except that
the probe inlet must be placed within 5 to 10 centimeters of the
landfill surface. Monitoring must be performed during typical
meteorological conditions.
    (A) Surface emission monitoring must be terminated when the average
wind speed exceeds 5 miles per hour or the instantaneous wind speed
exceeds 10 miles per hour. The Administrator may approve alternatives
to this wind speed surface monitoring termination for landfills
consistently having measured winds in excess of these specified limits.
Average wind speed must be determined on a 15-minute average using an
onsite anemometer with a continuous recorder for the entire duration of
the monitoring event.
    (B) Landfill surface areas where visual observations indicate
elevated concentrations of landfill gas, such as distressed vegetation
and cracks or seeps in the cover, and all cover penetrations must also
be monitored using a device meeting the specifications provided in
paragraph (a)(6)(iv) of this section.
    (iv) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with the provisions
in paragraph (a)(6) of this section must comply with the following
instrumentation specifications and procedures for surface emission
monitoring devices.
    (A) The portable analyzer must meet the instrument specifications
provided in section 3 of Method 21 of appendix A of this part, except
that ``methane'' replaces all references to ``VOC''.
    (B) The calibration gas is methane, diluted to a nominal
concentration of 500 parts per million in air.
    (C) To meet the performance evaluation requirements in section
3.1.3 of Method 21 of appendix A of this part, the instrument
evaluation procedures of section 4.4 of Method 21 of appendix A of this
part must be used.
    (D) The calibration procedures provided in section 4.2 of Method 21
of appendix A of this part must be followed immediately before
commencing a surface monitoring survey.
    (v) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with the Tier 4
provisions in paragraph (a)(6) of this section must maintain records of
surface emission monitoring as provided in Sec.  60.39f(g) and submit a
Tier 4 surface emissions report as provided in Sec.  60.38f(c)(5)(iii).
    (vi) If there is any measured concentration of methane of 500 parts
per million or greater from the surface of the landfill, the owner or
operator must submit a gas collection and control system design plan
within 1 year of the first measured concentration of methane of 500
parts per million or greater from the surface of the landfill according
to Sec.  60.38f(d) and install and operate a gas collection and control
system according to Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c) within 30 months of the
first measured concentration of methane of 500 parts per million or
greater from the surface of the landfill.
    (vii) If after four consecutive quarterly monitoring periods there
is no measured concentration of methane of 500 parts per million or
greater from the surface of the landfill, the owner or operator must
either conduct semi-annual surface emission monitoring using the
methods specified in this section or recalculate the NMOC mass emission
rate annually as provided in Sec.  60.33f(e).
    (A) If conducting semi-annual surface emissions monitoring and
there is any measured concentration of methane of 500 parts per million
or greater from the surface of the landfill, the owner or operator must
submit a gas collection and control system design plan within 1 year of
the first measured concentration of methane of 500 parts per million or
greater from the surface of the landfill according to Sec.  60.38f(d)
and install and operate a gas collection and control system according
to Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c) within 30 months of the first measured
concentration of methane of 500 parts per million or greater from the
surface of the landfill.
    (B) [Reserved]
    (b) After the installation and startup of a collection and control
system in compliance with this subpart, the owner or operator must
calculate the NMOC emission rate for purposes of determining when the
system can be capped or removed as provided in Sec.  60.33f(f), using
the following equation:

MNMOC = 1.89 x 10-3QLFGCNMOC

Where:

MNMOC = Mass emission rate of NMOC, megagrams per year.
QLFG = Flow rate of landfill gas, cubic meters per
minute.
CNMOC = NMOC concentration, parts per million by volume
as hexane.

    (1) The flow rate of landfill gas, QLFG, must be
determined by measuring the total landfill gas flow rate at the common
header pipe that leads to the control system using a gas flow measuring
device calibrated according to the provisions of section 4 of Method 2E
of appendix A of this part.
    (2) The average NMOC concentration, CNMOC, must be
determined by collecting and analyzing landfill gas sampled from the
common header pipe before the gas moving or condensate removal
equipment using the procedures in Method 25 or Method 25C of appendix A
of this part. The sample location on the common header pipe must be
before any condensate removal or other gas refining units. The landfill
owner or operator must divide the NMOC concentration from Method 25 or
Method 25C of appendix A of this part by six to convert from CNMOC as
carbon to CNMOC as hexane.
    (3) The owner or operator may use another method to determine
landfill gas flow rate and NMOC concentration if the method has been
approved by the Administrator.
    (i) Within 60 days after the date of calculating the NMOC emission
rate for purposes of determining when the

system can be capped or removed, the owner or operator must submit the
results according to Sec.  60.38f(j).
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (c) When calculating emissions for Prevention of Significant
Deterioration (PSD) purposes, the owner or operator of each MSW
landfill subject to the provisions of this subpart must estimate the
NMOC emission rate for comparison to the PSD major source and
significance levels in Sec. Sec.  51.166 or 52.21 of this chapter using
Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume I: Stationary
Point and Area Sources (AP-42) or other approved measurement
procedures.
    (d) For the performance test required in Sec.  60.33f(c)(1), the
net heating value of the combusted landfill gas as determined in Sec.
60.18(f)(3) is calculated from the concentration of methane in the
landfill gas as measured by Method 3C. A minimum of three 30-minute
Method 3C samples are determined. The measurement of other organic
components, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide is not applicable. Method 3C
may be used to determine the landfill gas molecular weight for
calculating the flare gas exit velocity under Sec.  60.18(f)(4).
    (1) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance
test (as defined in Sec.  60.8), the owner or operator must submit the
results of the performance tests required by Sec.  60.35f(b) or (d),
including any associated fuel analyses, according to Sec.  60.38f(j).
    (2) [Reserved]
    (e) For the performance test required in Sec.  60.33f(c)(2), Method
25 or 25C (Method 25C may be used at the inlet only) of appendix A of
this part must be used to determine compliance with the 98 weight-
percent efficiency or the 20 parts per million by volume outlet NMOC
concentration level, unless another method to demonstrate compliance
has been approved by the Administrator as provided by Sec.  60.38f(d).
Method 3 or 3A must be used to determine oxygen for correcting the NMOC
concentration as hexane to 3 percent. In cases where the outlet
concentration is less than 50 ppm NMOC as carbon (8 ppm NMOC as
hexane), Method 25A should be used in place of Method 25. The following
equation must be used to calculate efficiency:

Control Efficiency = (NMOCin - NMOCout)/
(NMOCin)

Where:

NMOCin = Mass of NMOC entering control device.
NMOCout = Mass of NMOC exiting control device.

    (1) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance
test (as defined in Sec.  60.8), the owner or operator must submit the
results of the performance tests, including any associated fuel
analyses, according to Sec.  60.38f(j).
    (2) [Reserved]

Sec.  60.36f  Compliance provisions.

    For approval, a State plan must include the compliance provisions
in this section.
    (a) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), the specified methods
in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section must be used to
determine whether the gas collection system is in compliance with Sec.
60.33f(b)(2).
    (1) For the purposes of calculating the maximum expected gas
generation flow rate from the landfill to determine compliance with
Sec.  60.33f(b)(2)(i), one of the following equations must be used. The
k and Lo kinetic factors should be those published in the most recent
AP-42 or other site-specific values demonstrated to be appropriate and
approved by the Administrator. If k has been determined as specified in
Sec.  60.35f(a)(4), the value of k determined from the test must be
used. A value of no more than 15 years must be used for the intended
use period of the gas mover equipment. The active life of the landfill
is the age of the landfill plus the estimated number of years until
closure.
    (i) For sites with unknown year-to-year solid waste acceptance
rate:

Qm = 2LoR (e-kc-e-kt)

Where:

Qm = Maximum expected gas generation flow rate, cubic meters per
year.
Lo = Methane generation potential, cubic meters per megagram solid
waste.
R = Average annual acceptance rate, megagrams per year.
k = Methane generation rate constant, year-1.
t = Age of the landfill at equipment installation plus the time the
owner or operator intends to use the gas mover equipment or active
life of the landfill, whichever is less. If the equipment is
installed after closure, t is the age of the landfill at
installation, years.
c = Time since closure, years (for an active landfill c = 0 and e-kc
= 1).

    (ii) For sites with known year-to-year solid waste acceptance rate:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP27AU15.000

Where:

QM = Maximum expected gas generation flow rate, cubic
meters per year.
k = Methane generation rate constant, year-1.
Lo = Methane generation potential, cubic meters per
megagram solid waste.
Mi = Mass of solid waste in the ith section, megagrams.
ti = Age of the ith section, years.

    (iii) If a collection and control system has been installed, actual
flow data may be used to project the maximum expected gas generation
flow rate instead of, or in conjunction with, the equations in
paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section. If the landfill is still
accepting waste, the actual measured flow data will not equal the
maximum expected gas generation rate, so calculations using the
equations in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section or other
methods must be used to predict the maximum expected gas generation
rate over the intended period of use of the gas control system
equipment.
    (2) For the purposes of determining sufficient density of gas
collectors for compliance with Sec.  60.33f(b)(2)(ii), the owner or
operator must design a system of vertical wells, horizontal collectors,
or other collection devices, satisfactory to the Administrator, capable
of controlling and extracting gas from all portions of the landfill
sufficient to meet all operational and performance standards.
    (3) For the purpose of demonstrating whether the gas collection
system flow rate is sufficient to determine compliance with Sec.
60.33f(b)(2)(iii), the owner or operator must measure gauge pressure in
the gas collection header applied to each individual well monthly. If a
positive pressure exists, action must be initiated to correct the
exceedance within 5 calendar days, except for the three conditions
allowed under Sec.  60.34f(b). If negative pressure cannot be achieved
without excess air infiltration within 15 calendar days of the first
measurement, the gas collection system must be expanded to correct the
exceedance within 120 days of the initial measurement of positive
pressure. Any attempted corrective measure must not cause exceedances
of other operational or performance standards. An alternative timeline
for correcting the exceedance may be submitted to the Administrator for
approval.
    (4) Owners or operators are not required to expand the system as
required in paragraph (a)(3) of this section during the first 180 days
after gas collection system startup.
    (5) [Reserved]
    (6) An owner or operator seeking to demonstrate compliance with
Sec.  60.33f(b)(2)(iv) through the use of a collection system not
conforming to the specifications provided in Sec.  60.40f must provide
information satisfactory to the Administrator as specified in

Sec.  60.38f(d)(3) demonstrating that offsite migration is being
controlled.
    (b) For purposes of compliance with Sec.  60.34f(a), each owner or
operator of a controlled landfill must place each well or design
component as specified in the approved design plan as provided in Sec.
60.38f(d). Each well must be installed no later than 60 days after the
date on which the initial solid waste has been in place for a period
of:
    (1) 5 years or more if active; or
    (2) 2 years or more if closed or at final grade.
    (c) The following procedures must be used for compliance with the
surface methane operational standard as provided in Sec.  60.34f(d):
    (1) After installation and startup of the gas collection system,
the owner or operator must monitor surface concentrations of methane
along the entire perimeter of the collection area and along a pattern
that traverses the landfill at no more than 30-meter intervals (or a
site-specific established spacing) for each collection area on a
quarterly basis using an organic vapor analyzer, flame ionization
detector, or other portable monitor meeting the specifications provided
in Sec.  60.36f(d).
    (2) The background concentration must be determined by moving the
probe inlet upwind and downwind outside the boundary of the landfill at
a distance of at least 30 meters from the perimeter wells.
    (3) Surface emission monitoring must be performed in accordance
with section 8.3.1 of Method 21 of appendix A of this part, except that
the probe inlet must be placed within 5 to 10 centimeters of the
ground. Monitoring must be performed during typical meteorological
conditions.
    (4) Any reading of 500 parts per million or more above background
at any location must be recorded as a monitored exceedance and the
actions specified in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) through (v) of this section
must be taken. As long as the specified actions are taken, the
exceedance is not a violation of the operational requirements of Sec.
60.34f(d).
    (i) The location of each monitored exceedance must be marked and
the location and concentration recorded. For location, you must
determine the latitude and longitude coordinates using an instrument
with an accuracy of at least 3 meters. Your coordinates must be in
decimal degrees with at least five decimal places.
    (ii) Cover maintenance or adjustments to the vacuum of the adjacent
wells to increase the gas collection in the vicinity of each exceedance
must be made and the location must be re-monitored within 10 calendar
days of detecting the exceedance.
    (iii) If the re-monitoring of the location shows a second
exceedance, additional corrective action must be taken and the location
must be monitored again within 10 days of the second exceedance. If the
re-monitoring shows a third exceedance for the same location, the
action specified in paragraph (c)(4)(v) of this section must be taken,
and no further monitoring of that location is required until the action
specified in paragraph (c)(4)(v) of this section has been taken.
    (iv) Any location that initially showed an exceedance but has a
methane concentration less than 500 parts per million methane above
background at the 10-day re-monitoring specified in paragraph
(c)(4)(ii) or (iii) of this section must be re-monitored 1 month from
the initial exceedance. If the 1-month re-monitoring shows a
concentration less than 500 parts per million above background, no
further monitoring of that location is required until the next
quarterly monitoring period. If the 1-month re-monitoring shows an
exceedance, the actions specified in paragraph (c)(4)(iii) or (v) of
this section must be taken.
    (v) For any location where monitored methane concentration equals
or exceeds 500 parts per million above background three times within a
quarterly period, a new well or other collection device must be
installed within 120 calendar days of the initial exceedance. An
alternative remedy to the exceedance, such as upgrading the blower,
header pipes or control device, and a corresponding timeline for
installation may be submitted to the Administrator for approval.
    (5) The owner or operator must implement a program to monitor for
cover integrity and implement cover repairs as necessary on a monthly
basis.
    (d) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with the provisions in
paragraph (c) of this section must comply with the following
instrumentation specifications and procedures for surface emission
monitoring devices:
    (1) The portable analyzer must meet the instrument specifications
provided in section 3 of Method 21 of appendix A of this part, except
that ``methane'' must replace all references to ``VOC''.
    (2) The calibration gas must be methane, diluted to a nominal
concentration of 500 parts per million in air.
    (3) To meet the performance evaluation requirements in section
3.1.3 of Method 21 of appendix A of this part, the instrument
evaluation procedures of section 4.4 of Method 21 of appendix A of this
part must be used.
    (4) The calibration procedures provided in section 4.2 of Method 21
of appendix A of this part must be followed immediately before
commencing a surface monitoring survey.
    (e) The provisions of this subpart apply at all times, including
periods of startup, shutdown or malfunction.

Sec.  60.37f  Monitoring of operations.

    For approval, a State plan must include the monitoring provisions
in this section, except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2).
    (a) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec.
60.33f(b)(2) for an active gas collection system must install a
sampling port and a thermometer, other temperature measuring device, or
an access port for temperature measurements at each wellhead and:
    (1) Measure the gauge pressure in the gas collection header on a
monthly basis as provided in Sec.  60.36f(a)(3); and
    (2) Monitor nitrogen or oxygen concentration in the landfill gas on
a monthly basis as follows:
    (i) The nitrogen level must be determined using Method 3C, unless
an alternative test method is established as allowed by Sec.
60.38f(d)(2).
    (ii) Unless an alternative test method is established as allowed by
Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), the oxygen must be determined by an oxygen meter
using Method 3A or 3C except that:
    (A) The span must be set between 10 and 12 percent oxygen;
    (B) A data recorder is not required;
    (C) Only two calibration gases are required, a zero and span;
    (D) A calibration error check is not required;
    (E) The allowable sample bias, zero drift, and calibration drift
are 10 percent.
    (3) Monitor temperature of the landfill gas on a monthly basis. The
temperature measuring device must be calibrated annually using the
procedure in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A-1, Method 2, Section 10.3.
    (b) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec.  60.33f(c)
using an enclosed combustor must calibrate, maintain, and operate
according to the manufacturer's specifications, the following
equipment:
    (1) A temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous
recorder and having a minimum accuracy of 1 percent of the
temperature being measured expressed in degrees Celsius or 0.5 degrees Celsius, whichever is greater. A temperature
monitoring device is not required for boilers or

process heaters with design heat input capacity equal to or greater
than 44 megawatts.
    (2) A device that records flow to or bypass of the control device.
The owner or operator must:
    (i) Install, calibrate, and maintain a gas flow rate measuring
device that must record the flow to the control device at least every
15 minutes; and
    (ii) Secure the bypass line valve in the closed position with a
car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. A visual inspection of
the seal or closure mechanism must be performed at least once every
month to ensure that the valve is maintained in the closed position and
that the gas flow is not diverted through the bypass line.
    (c) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec.  60.33f(c)
using a non-enclosed flare must install, calibrate, maintain, and
operate according to the manufacturer's specifications the following
equipment:
    (1) A heat sensing device, such as an ultraviolet beam sensor or
thermocouple, at the pilot light or the flame itself to indicate the
continuous presence of a flame.
    (2) A device that records flow to or bypass of the flare. The owner
or operator must:
    (i) Install, calibrate, and maintain a gas flow rate measuring
device that must record the flow to the control device at least every
15 minutes; and
    (ii) Secure the bypass line valve in the closed position with a
car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. A visual inspection of
the seal or closure mechanism must be performed at least once every
month to ensure that the valve is maintained in the closed position and
that the gas flow is not diverted through the bypass line.
    (d) Each owner or operator seeking to demonstrate compliance with
Sec.  60.33f(c) using a device other than a non-enclosed flare or an
enclosed combustor or a treatment system must provide information
satisfactory to the Administrator as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2)
describing the operation of the control device, the operating
parameters that would indicate proper performance, and appropriate
monitoring procedures. The Administrator must review the information
and either approve it, or request that additional information be
submitted. The Administrator may specify additional appropriate
monitoring procedures.
    (e) Each owner or operator seeking to install a collection system
that does not meet the specifications in Sec.  60.40f or seeking to
monitor alternative parameters to those required by Sec.  60.34f
through Sec.  60.37f must provide information satisfactory to the
Administrator as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2) and (3) describing the
design and operation of the collection system, the operating parameters
that would indicate proper performance, and appropriate monitoring
procedures. The Administrator may specify additional appropriate
monitoring procedures.
    (f) Each owner or operator seeking to demonstrate compliance with
the 500 parts per million surface methane operational standard in Sec.
60.34f(d) must monitor surface concentrations of methane according to
the procedures provided in Sec.  60.36f(c) and the instrument
specifications in Sec.  60.36f(d). Any closed landfill that has no
monitored exceedances of the operational standard in three consecutive
quarterly monitoring periods may skip to annual monitoring. Any methane
reading of 500 parts per million or more above background detected
during the annual monitoring returns the frequency for that landfill to
quarterly monitoring.
    (g) Each owner or operator seeking to demonstrate compliance with
the control system requirements in Sec.  60.33f(c) using a landfill gas
treatment system must calibrate, maintain, and operate according to the
manufacturer's specifications a device that records flow to or bypass
of the treatment system. The owner or operator must:
    (1) Install, calibrate, and maintain a gas flow rate measuring
device that records the flow to the treatment system at least every 15
minutes; and
    (2) Secure the bypass line valve in the closed position with a car-
seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. A visual inspection of the
seal or closure mechanism must be performed at least once every month
to ensure that the valve is maintained in the closed position and that
the gas flow is not diverted through the bypass line.

Sec.  60.38f  Reporting guidelines.

    For approval, a State plan must include the reporting provisions
listed in this section, as applicable, except as provided under
Sec. Sec.  60.24 and 60.38f(d)(2).
    (a) Design capacity report. For existing MSW landfills subject to
this subpart, the initial design capacity report must be submitted no
later than 90 days after the effective date of EPA approval of the
State's plan under section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. The initial
design capacity report must contain the following information:
    (1) A map or plot of the landfill, providing the size and location
of the landfill, and identifying all areas where solid waste may be
landfilled according to the permit issued by the state, local, or
tribal agency responsible for regulating the landfill.
    (2) The maximum design capacity of the landfill. Where the maximum
design capacity is specified in the permit issued by the state, local,
or tribal agency responsible for regulating the landfill, a copy of the
permit specifying the maximum design capacity may be submitted as part
of the report. If the maximum design capacity of the landfill is not
specified in the permit, the maximum design capacity must be calculated
using good engineering practices. The calculations must be provided,
along with the relevant parameters as part of the report. The landfill
may calculate design capacity in either megagrams or cubic meters for
comparison with the exemption values. If the owner or operator chooses
to convert the design capacity from volume to mass or from mass to
volume to demonstrate its design capacity is less than 2.5 million
megagrams or 2.5 million cubic meters, the calculation must include a
site-specific density, which must be recalculated annually. Any density
conversions must be documented and submitted with the design capacity
report. The state, local, or tribal agency or the Administrator may
request other reasonable information as may be necessary to verify the
maximum design capacity of the landfill.
    (b) Amended design capacity report. An amended design capacity
report must be submitted providing notification of an increase in the
design capacity of the landfill, within 90 days of an increase in the
maximum design capacity of the landfill to or above 2.5 million
megagrams and 2.5 million cubic meters. This increase in design
capacity may result from an increase in the permitted volume of the
landfill or an increase in the density as documented in the annual
recalculation required in Sec.  60.39f(f).
    (c) NMOC emission rate report. For existing MSW landfills covered
by this subpart with a design capacity equal to or greater than 2.5
million megagrams and 2.5 million cubic meters, the NMOC emission rate
report must be submitted following the procedure specified in paragraph
(j) of this section no later than 90 days after the effective date of
EPA approval of the State's plan under section 111(d) of the Clean Air
Act. The NMOC emission rate report must be submitted annually following
the procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this section, except as
provided for in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. The Administrator may
request such

additional information as may be necessary to verify the reported NMOC
emission rate.
    (1) The NMOC emission rate report must contain an annual or 5-year
estimate of the NMOC emission rate calculated using the formula and
procedures provided in Sec.  60.35f(a).
    (2) The NMOC emission rate report must include all the data,
calculations, sample reports and measurements used to estimate the
annual or 5-year emissions.
    (3) If the estimated NMOC emission rate as reported in the annual
report to the Administrator is less than 34 megagrams per year in each
of the next 5 consecutive years, the owner or operator may elect to
submit, following the procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this
section, an estimate of the NMOC emission rate for the next 5-year
period in lieu of the annual report. This estimate must include the
current amount of solid waste-in-place and the estimated waste
acceptance rate for each year of the 5 years for which an NMOC emission
rate is estimated. All data and calculations upon which this estimate
is based must be provided to the Administrator. This estimate must be
revised at least once every 5 years. If the actual waste acceptance
rate exceeds the estimated waste acceptance rate in any year reported
in the 5-year estimate, a revised 5-year estimate must be submitted to
the Administrator. The revised estimate must cover the 5-year period
beginning with the year in which the actual waste acceptance rate
exceeded the estimated waste acceptance rate.
    (4) Each owner or operator subject to the requirements of this
subpart is exempted from the requirements to submit an NMOC emission
rate report, after installing a collection and control system that
complies with Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c), during such time as the
collection and control system is in operation and in compliance with
Sec. Sec.  60.34f and 60.36f.
    (5) Each owner or operator of an MSW landfill having a design
capacity equal to or greater than 2.5 million megagrams and 2.5 million
cubic meters must submit a collection and control system design plan to
the Administrator within 1 year of the first NMOC emission rate report
in which the NMOC emission rate equals or exceeds 34 megagrams per
year, except as follows:
    (i) If the owner or operator elects to recalculate the NMOC
emission rate after Tier 2 NMOC sampling and analysis as provided in
Sec.  60.35f(a)(3) and the resulting rate is less than 34 megagrams per
year, annual periodic reporting must be resumed, using the Tier 2
determined site-specific NMOC concentration, until the calculated
emission rate is equal to or greater than 34 megagrams per year or the
landfill is closed. The revised NMOC emission rate report, with the
recalculated emission rate based on NMOC sampling and analysis, must be
submitted, following the procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this
section, within 180 days of the first calculated exceedance of 34
megagrams per year.
    (ii) If the owner or operator elects to recalculate the NMOC
emission rate after determining a site-specific methane generation rate
constant k, as provided in Tier 3 in Sec.  60.35f(a)(4), and the
resulting NMOC emission rate is less than 34 megagrams per year, annual
periodic reporting must be resumed. The resulting site-specific methane
generation rate constant k must be used in the emission rate
calculation until such time as the emissions rate calculation results
in an exceedance. The revised NMOC emission rate report based on the
provisions of Sec.  60.35f(a)(4) and the resulting site-specific
methane generation rate constant k must be submitted, following the
procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this section, to the
Administrator within 1 year of the first calculated NMOC emission rate
equaling or exceeding 34 megagrams per year.
    (iii) If the owner or operator elects to demonstrate that site-
specific surface methane emissions are below 500 parts per million
methane, then the owner or operator must submit annually a Tier 4
surface emissions report as specified in this paragraph following the
procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this section. If the Tier 4
surface emissions report shows no surface emissions readings of 500
parts per million methane or greater for four consecutive quarters,
then the landfill may continue Tier 4 monitoring at a reduced semi-
annual frequency or return to Tier 1, 2, or 3. An owner or operator may
elect to recalculate NMOC using Tier 1, 2, or 3 only if it has four
consecutive quarters with no surface emissions monitoring readings of
500 parts per million or greater. The NMOC emission rate report must be
submitted annually, following the procedure specified in paragraph (j)
of this section, except as provided for in paragraph (c)(3) of this
section. The Administrator may request such additional information as
may be necessary to verify the reported instantaneous surface emission
readings. The Tier 4 surface emissions report must clearly identify the
location, date, and reading (in parts per million) of any value 500
parts per million methane or greater, other than non-repeatable,
momentary readings. For location, you must determine the latitude and
longitude coordinates using an instrument with an accuracy of at least
3 meters. Your coordinates must be in decimal degrees with at least
five decimal places.
    (iv) If the landfill is in the closed landfill subcategory, the
owner or operator must submit a collection and control system design
plan to the Administrator within 1 year of the first NMOC emission rate
report in which the NMOC emission rate equals or exceeds 50 megagrams
per year, except as follows:
    (A) If the owner or operator elects to recalculate the NMOC
emission rate after Tier 2 NMOC sampling and analysis as provided in
Sec.  60.35f(a)(3) and the resulting rate is less than 50 megagrams per
year, annual periodic reporting must be resumed, using the Tier 2
determined site-specific NMOC concentration, until the calculated
emission rate is equal to or greater than 50 megagrams per year or the
landfill is closed. The revised NMOC emission rate report, with the
recalculated emission rate based on NMOC sampling and analysis, must be
submitted, following the procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this
section, within 180 days of the first calculated exceedance of 50
megagrams per year.
    (B) If the owner or operator elects to recalculate the NMOC
emission rate after determining a site-specific methane generation rate
constant k, as provided in Tier 3 in Sec.  60.35f(a)(4), and the
resulting NMOC emission rate is less than 50 megagrams per year, annual
periodic reporting must be resumed. The resulting site-specific methane
generation rate constant k must be used in the emission rate
calculation until such time as the emissions rate calculation results
in an exceedance. The revised NMOC emission rate report based on the
provisions of Sec.  60.35f(a)(4) and the resulting site-specific
methane generation rate constant k must be submitted, following the
procedure specified in paragraph (j) of this section, to the
Administrator within 1 year of the first calculated NMOC emission rate
equaling or exceeding 50 megagrams per year.
    (C) The landfill owner or operator elects to demonstrate surface
emissions are low, consistent with the provisions in Sec.
60.38(c)(5)(iii).
    (D) The landfill has already submitted a gas collection and control
system design plan consistent with the provisions of subpart WWW of
this part; 40 CFR part 62, subpart GGG; or a state plan implementing
subpart Cc of this part.

    (d) Collection and control system design plan. The State plan must
include a process for state review and approval of the site-specific
design plan for each gas collection and control system. The collection
and control system design plan must meet the following requirements:
    (1) The collection and control system as described in the design
plan must meet the design requirements in Sec.  60.33f(b) and (c).
    (2) The collection and control system design plan must include any
alternatives to the operational standards, test methods, procedures,
compliance measures, monitoring, recordkeeping, or reporting provisions
of Sec. Sec.  60.34f through 60.39f proposed by the owner or operator.
    (3) The collection and control system design plan must either
conform to specifications for active collection systems in Sec.  60.40f
or include a demonstration to the Administrator's satisfaction of the
sufficiency of the alternative provisions to Sec.  60.40f.
    (4) If the owner or operator chooses to demonstrate compliance with
the emission control requirements of this subpart using a treatment
system as defined in this subpart, then the owner or operator must
prepare a site-specific treatment system monitoring plan as specified
in Sec.  60.39f(b)(5)(ii).
    (5) The Administrator must review the information submitted under
paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section and either approve it,
disapprove it, or request that additional information be submitted.
Because of the many site-specific factors involved with landfill gas
system design, alternative systems may be necessary. A wide variety of
system designs are possible, such as vertical wells, combination
horizontal and vertical collection systems, or horizontal trenches
only, leachate collection components, and passive systems.
    (e) Revised design plan. The owner or operator who has already been
required to submit a design plan under paragraph (d) of this section,
or under subpart WWW of this part; 40 CFR part 62, subpart GGG; or a
state plan implementing subpart Cc of this part, must submit a revised
design plan to the Administrator for approval as follows:
    (1) Within 90 days of expanding operations to an area not covered
by the previously approved design plan.
    (2) Prior to installing or expanding the gas collection system in a
way that is not consistent with the design plan that was submitted to
the Administrator according to paragraph (d) of this section.
    (f) Closure report. Each owner or operator of a controlled landfill
must submit a closure report to the Administrator within 30 days of
ceasing waste acceptance. The Administrator may request additional
information as may be necessary to verify that permanent closure has
taken place in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 258.60. If a
closure report has been submitted to the Administrator, no additional
wastes may be placed into the landfill without filing a notification of
modification as described under Sec.  60.7(a)(4).
    (g) Equipment removal report. Each owner or operator of a
controlled landfill must submit an equipment removal report to the
Administrator 30 days prior to removal or cessation of operation of the
control equipment.
    (1) The equipment removal report must contain the following items:
    (i) A copy of the closure report submitted in accordance with
paragraph (f) of this section; and
    (ii) A copy of the initial performance test report demonstrating
that the 15-year minimum control period has expired, unless the report
of the results of the performance test has been submitted to the EPA
via the EPA's CDX, or information that demonstrates that the GCCS will
be unable to operate for 15 years due to declining gas flows. In the
equipment removal report, the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s)
tested, and the date that such performance test was conducted may be
submitted in lieu of the performance test report if the report has been
previously submitted to the EPA's CDX; and
    (iii) Dated records of surface emissions monitoring data of the
landfill or closed area that demonstrates that there are no surface
emissions of 500 parts per million or greater for four consecutive
quarters, unless the reports have been submitted to the EPA via the
EPA's CDX. If the surface emissions monitoring reports have been
previously submitted to the EPA's CDX, a statement that the reports
have been submitted electronically and the dates that the reports were
submitted to the EPA's CDX may be submitted in the equipment removal
report in lieu of the surface emissions monitoring reports; or
    (iv) Dated copies of three successive NMOC emission rate reports
demonstrating that the landfill is no longer producing 34 megagrams or
greater of NMOC per year; or
    (v) For the closed landfill subcategory, dated copies of three
successive NMOC emission rate reports demonstrating that the landfill
is no longer producing 50 megagrams or greater of NMOC per year.
    (2) The Administrator may request such additional information as
may be necessary to verify that all of the conditions for removal in
Sec.  60.33f(f) have been met.
    (h) Annual report. The owner or operator of a landfill seeking to
comply with Sec.  60.33f(e)(2) using an active collection system
designed in accordance with Sec.  60.33f(b) must submit to the
Administrator, following the procedures specified in paragraph (j) of
this section, an annual report of the recorded information in
paragraphs (h)(1) through (6) of this section. The initial annual
report must be submitted within 180 days of installation and startup of
the collection and control system. The initial annual report must
include the following information pertaining to the initial performance
test report required under Sec.  60.8: The process unit(s) tested, the
pollutant(s) tested, and the date that such performance test was
conducted. The initial performance test report must be submitted,
following the procedure specified in Sec.  60.8(j), no later than the
date that the initial annual report is submitted. For enclosed
combustion devices, flares, and treatment systems reportable
exceedances are defined under Sec.  60.39f(c)(1).
    (1) Value and length of time for exceedance of applicable
parameters monitored under Sec.  60.37f(a)(1), (b), (c), (d), and (g).
    (2) Description and duration of all periods when the gas stream is
diverted from the control device or treatment system through a bypass
line or the indication of bypass flow as specified under Sec.  60.37f.
    (3) Description and duration of all periods when the control device
or treatment system was not operating and length of time the control
device or treatment system was not operating.
    (4) All periods when the collection system was not operating.
    (5) The location of each exceedance of the 500 parts per million
methane concentration as provided in Sec.  60.34f(d) and the
concentration recorded at each location for which an exceedance was
recorded in the previous month. For location, you must determine the
latitude and longitude coordinates using an instrument with an accuracy
of at least 3 meters. Your coordinates must be in decimal degrees with
at least five decimal places.
    (6) The date of installation and the location of each well or
collection system expansion added pursuant to Sec.  60.36f(a)(3), (b),
and (c)(4).
    (i) Initial performance test report. Each owner or operator seeking
to comply with Sec.  60.33f(c) must include

the following information with the initial performance test report
required under Sec.  60.8:
    (1) A diagram of the collection system showing collection system
positioning including all wells, horizontal collectors, surface
collectors, or other gas extraction devices, including the locations of
any areas excluded from collection and the proposed sites for the
future collection system expansion;
    (2) The data upon which the sufficient density of wells, horizontal
collectors, surface collectors, or other gas extraction devices and the
gas mover equipment sizing are based;
    (3) The documentation of the presence of asbestos or nondegradable
material for each area from which collection wells have been excluded
based on the presence of asbestos or nondegradable material;
    (4) The sum of the gas generation flow rates for all areas from
which collection wells have been excluded based on nonproductivity and
the calculations of gas generation flow rate for each excluded area;
    (5) The provisions for increasing gas mover equipment capacity with
increased gas generation flow rate, if the present gas mover equipment
is inadequate to move the maximum flow rate expected over the life of
the landfill; and
    (6) The provisions for the control of offsite migration.
    (j) Electronic reporting. The owner or operator must submit the
results of each performance test according to the following procedures:
    (1) For data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's
Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site
(http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html), you must submit the
results of the performance test to the EPA via the Compliance and
Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI). CEDRI can be accessed
through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (http://cdx.epa.gov/epa_home.asp). Performance test data must be submitted in a file format
generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Alternatively, you may
submit performance test data in an electronic file format consistent
with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA's
ERT Web site, once the XML schema is available. If you claim that some
of the performance test information being submitted is confidential
business information (CBI), you must submit a complete file generated
through the use of the EPA's ERT or an alternate electronic file
consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site,
including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash
drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The
electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/
OAPQS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy
Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or
alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via
the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph.
    (2) For data collected using test methods that are not supported by
the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, you must submit the
results of the performance test to the Administrator at the appropriate
address listed in Sec.  60.4.

Sec.  60.39f  Recordkeeping guidelines.

    For approval, a State plan must include the recordkeeping
provisions in this section.
    (a) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), each owner or
operator of an MSW landfill subject to the provisions of Sec.
60.33f(e) must keep for at least 5 years up-to-date, readily
accessible, onsite records of the design capacity report that triggered
Sec.  60.33f(e), the current amount of solid waste in-place, and the
year-by-year waste acceptance rate. Offsite records may be maintained
if they are retrievable within 4 hours. Either paper copy or electronic
formats are acceptable.
    (b) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), each owner or
operator of a controlled landfill must keep up-to-date, readily
accessible records for the life of the control system equipment of the
data listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section as
measured during the initial performance test or compliance
determination. Records of subsequent tests or monitoring must be
maintained for a minimum of 5 years. Records of the control device
vendor specifications must be maintained until removal.
    (1) Where an owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart seeks to demonstrate compliance with Sec.  60.33f(b):
    (i) The maximum expected gas generation flow rate as calculated in
Sec.  60.36f(a)(1). The owner or operator may use another method to
determine the maximum gas generation flow rate, if the method has been
approved by the Administrator.
    (ii) The density of wells, horizontal collectors, surface
collectors, or other gas extraction devices determined using the
procedures specified in Sec.  60.40f(a)(1).
    (2) Where an owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart seeks to demonstrate compliance with Sec.  60.33f(c) through
use of an enclosed combustion device other than a boiler or process
heater with a design heat input capacity equal to or greater than 44
megawatts:
    (i) The average temperature measured at least every 15 minutes and
averaged over the same time period of the performance test.
    (ii) The percent reduction of NMOC determined as specified in Sec.
60.33f(c)(2) achieved by the control device.
    (3) Where an owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart seeks to demonstrate compliance with Sec.  60.33f(c)(2)(i)
through use of a boiler or process heater of any size: a description of
the location at which the collected gas vent stream is introduced into
the boiler or process heater over the same time period of the
performance testing.
    (4) Where an owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart seeks to demonstrate compliance with Sec.  60.33f(c)(1) through
use of a non-enclosed flare, the flare type (i.e., steam-assisted, air-
assisted, or non-assisted), all visible emission readings, heat content
determination, flow rate or bypass flow rate measurements, and exit
velocity determinations made during the performance test as specified
in Sec.  60.18; and continuous records of the flare pilot flame or
flare flame monitoring and records of all periods of operations during
which the pilot flame or the flare flame is absent.
    (5) Where an owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart seeks to demonstrate compliance with Sec.  60.33f(c)(3) through
use of a landfill gas treatment system:
    (i) Bypass records. Records of the flow of landfill gas to, and
bypass of, the treatment system.
    (ii) Site-specific treatment monitoring plan, to include:
    (A) Records of filtration, de-watering, and compression parameters
that ensure the treatment system is operating properly for the intended
end use of the treated landfill gas.
    (B) Monitoring methods, frequencies, and operating ranges for each
monitored operating parameter based on manufacturer's recommendations
or engineering analysis for the intended end use of the treated
landfill gas.
    (C) Documentation of the monitoring methods and ranges, along with
justification for their use.
    (D) Identify who is responsible (by job title) for data collection.
    (E) Processes and methods used to collect the necessary data.

    (F) Description of the procedures and methods that are used for
quality assurance, maintenance, and repair of all continuous monitoring
systems.
    (c) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), each owner or
operator of a controlled landfill subject to the provisions of this
subpart must keep for 5 years up-to-date, readily accessible continuous
records of the equipment operating parameters specified to be monitored
in Sec.  60.37f as well as up-to-date, readily accessible records for
periods of operation during which the parameter boundaries established
during the most recent performance test are exceeded.
    (1) The following constitute exceedances that must be recorded and
reported under Sec.  60.38f:
    (i) For enclosed combustors except for boilers and process heaters
with design heat input capacity of 44 megawatts (150 million British
thermal unit per hour) or greater, all 3-hour periods of operation
during which the average temperature was more than 28 [deg]C below the
average combustion temperature during the most recent performance test
at which compliance with Sec.  60.33f(c) was determined.
    (ii) For boilers or process heaters, whenever there is a change in
the location at which the vent stream is introduced into the flame zone
as required under paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
    (2) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart must keep up-to-date, readily accessible continuous records of
the indication of flow to the control system and the indication of
bypass flow or records of monthly inspections of car-seals or lock-and-
key configurations used to seal bypass lines, specified under Sec.
60.37f.
    (3) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart who uses a boiler or process heater with a design heat input
capacity of 44 megawatts or greater to comply with Sec.  60.33f(c) must
keep an up-to-date, readily accessible record of all periods of
operation of the boiler or process heater. (Examples of such records
could include records of steam use, fuel use, or monitoring data
collected pursuant to other state, local, tribal, or federal regulatory
requirements.)
    (4) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with the provisions of
this subpart by use of a non-enclosed flare must keep up-to-date,
readily accessible continuous records of the flame or flare pilot flame
monitoring specified under Sec.  60.37f(c), and up-to-date, readily
accessible records of all periods of operation in which the flame or
flare pilot flame is absent.
    (5) Each owner or operator of a landfill seeking to comply with
Sec.  60.33f(e) using an active collection system designed in
accordance with Sec.  60.33f(b) must keep records of estimates of NMOC
emissions for periods when the collection system or control device is
not operating.
    (d) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), each owner or
operator subject to the provisions of this subpart must keep for the
life of the collection system an up-to-date, readily accessible plot
map showing each existing and planned collector in the system and
providing a unique identification location label on each collector that
matches the labeling on the plot map.
    (1) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart must keep up-to-date, readily accessible records of the
installation date and location of all newly installed collectors as
specified under Sec.  60.36f(b).
    (2) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart must keep readily accessible documentation of the nature, date
of deposition, amount, and location of asbestos-containing or
nondegradable waste excluded from collection as provided in Sec.
60.40f(a)(3)(i) as well as any nonproductive areas excluded from
collection as provided in Sec.  60.40f(a)(3)(ii).
    (e) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), each owner or
operator subject to the provisions of this subpart must keep for at
least 5 years up-to-date, readily accessible records of all collection
and control system exceedances of the operational standards in Sec.
60.34f, the reading in the subsequent month whether or not the second
reading is an exceedance, and the location of each exceedance.
    (f) Landfill owners or operators who convert design capacity from
volume to mass or mass to volume to demonstrate that landfill design
capacity is less than 2.5 million megagrams or 2.5 million cubic
meters, as provided in the definition of ``design capacity'', must keep
readily accessible, onsite records of the annual recalculation of site-
specific density, design capacity, and the supporting documentation.
Offsite records may be maintained if they are retrievable within 4
hours. Either paper copy or electronic formats are acceptable.
    (g) Landfill owners or operators seeking to demonstrate that site-
specific surface methane emissions are below 500 parts per million by
conducting surface emission monitoring under the Tier 4 procedures
specified in Sec.  60.35f(a)(6) must keep for at least 5 years up-to-
date, readily accessible records of all surface emissions monitoring
and information related to monitoring instrument calibrations conducted
according to sections 8.1.2 and 10 of Method 21 of Appendix A of this
part including all of the following items:
    (1) Calibration records.
    (i) Date of calibration and initials of operator performing the
calibration.
    (ii) Calibration gas cylinder identification, certification date,
and certified concentration.
    (iii) Instrument scale(s) used.
    (iv) A description of any corrective action taken if the meter
readout could not be adjusted to correspond to the calibration gas
value.
    (v) If an owner or operator makes their own calibration gas, a
description of the procedure used.
    (2) Timestamp of each surface scan reading, to the nearest minute.
    (3) Location of each surface scan reading. The owner or operator
must determine the coordinates using an instrument with an accuracy of
at least 3 meters. Coordinates must be in decimal degrees with at least
five decimal places.
    (4) Monitored methane concentration (parts per million) of each
reading.
    (5) Background methane concentration (parts per million) after each
instrument calibration test.
    (6) Adjusted methane concentration using most recent calibration
(parts per million).
    (7) For readings taken at each surface penetration, the unique
identification location label matching the label specified in Sec.
60.39f(d).
    (h) Except as provided in Sec.  60.38f(d)(2), each owner or
operator subject to the provisions of this subpart must keep for at
least 5 years up-to-date, readily accessible records of all collection
and control system monitoring data for parameters measured in Sec.
60.37f(a)(2) and (3).
    (i) Any records required to be maintained by this subpart that are
submitted electronically via the EPA's CDX may be maintained in
electronic format.

Sec.  60.40f  Specifications for active collection systems.

    For approval, a State plan must include the specifications for
active collection systems in this section.
    (a) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec.  60.33f(b)
must site active collection wells, horizontal collectors, surface
collectors, or other extraction devices at a sufficient density
throughout all gas producing areas using the following procedures
unless alternative procedures have been approved by the Administrator.

    (1) The collection devices within the interior must be certified to
achieve comprehensive control of surface gas emissions by a
professional engineer. The following issues must be addressed in the
design: Depths of refuse, refuse gas generation rates and flow
characteristics, cover properties, gas system expandability, leachate
and condensate management, accessibility, compatibility with filling
operations, integration with closure end use, air intrusion control,
corrosion resistance, fill settlement, resistance to the refuse
decomposition heat, and ability to isolate individual components or
sections for repair or troubleshooting without shutting down entire
collection system.
    (2) The sufficient density of gas collection devices determined in
paragraph (a)(1) of this section must address landfill gas migration
issues and augmentation of the collection system through the use of
active or passive systems at the landfill perimeter or exterior.
    (3) The placement of gas collection devices determined in paragraph
(a)(1) of this section must control all gas producing areas, except as
provided by paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section.
    (i) Any segregated area of asbestos or nondegradable material may
be excluded from collection if documented as provided under Sec.
60.39f(d). The documentation must provide the nature, date of
deposition, location and amount of asbestos or nondegradable material
deposited in the area, and must be provided to the Administrator upon
request.
    (ii) Any nonproductive area of the landfill may be excluded from
control, provided that the total of all excluded areas can be shown to
contribute less than 1 percent of the total amount of NMOC emissions
from the landfill. The amount, location, and age of the material must
be documented and provided to the Administrator upon request. A
separate NMOC emissions estimate must be made for each section proposed
for exclusion, and the sum of all such sections must be compared to the
NMOC emissions estimate for the entire landfill.
    (A) The NMOC emissions from each section proposed for exclusion
must be computed using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP27AU15.002

Where:

Qi = NMOC emission rate from the ith section, megagrams
per year.
k = Methane generation rate constant, year-1.
Lo = Methane generation potential, cubic meters per
megagram solid waste.
Mi = Mass of the degradable solid waste in the ith
section, megagram.
ti = Age of the solid waste in the ith section, years.
CNMOC = Concentration of NMOC, parts per million by
volume.
3.6x10-9 = Conversion factor.

    (B) If the owner or operator is proposing to exclude, or cease gas
collection and control from, nonproductive physically separated (e.g.,
separately lined) closed areas that already have gas collection
systems, NMOC emissions from each physically separated closed area must
be computed using either the equation in Sec.  60.35f or the equation
in paragraph (a)(3)(ii)(A) of this section.
    (iii) The values for k and CNMOC determined in field testing must
be used if field testing has been performed in determining the NMOC
emission rate or the radii of influence (the distance from the well
center to a point in the landfill where the pressure gradient applied
by the blower or compressor approaches zero). If field testing has not
been performed, the default values for k, Lo, and CNMOC provided in
Sec.  60.35f or the alternative values from Sec.  60.35f must be used.
The mass of nondegradable solid waste contained within the given
section may be subtracted from the total mass of the section when
estimating emissions provided the nature, location, age, and amount of
the nondegradable material is documented as provided in paragraph
(a)(3)(i) of this section.
    (b) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec.  60.33f(b)
must construct the gas collection devices using the following equipment
or procedures:
    (1) The landfill gas extraction components must be constructed of
polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe,
fiberglass, stainless steel, or other nonporous corrosion resistant
material of suitable dimensions to: Convey projected amounts of gases;
withstand installation, static, and settlement forces; and withstand
planned overburden or traffic loads. The collection system must extend
as necessary to comply with emission and migration standards.
Collection devices such as wells and horizontal collectors must be
perforated to allow gas entry without head loss sufficient to impair
performance across the intended extent of control. Perforations must be
situated with regard to the need to prevent excessive air infiltration.
    (2) Vertical wells must be placed so as not to endanger underlying
liners and must address the occurrence of water within the landfill.
Holes and trenches constructed for piped wells and horizontal
collectors must be of sufficient cross-section so as to allow for their
proper construction and completion including, for example, centering of
pipes and placement of gravel backfill. Collection devices must be
designed so as not to allow indirect short circuiting of air into the
cover or refuse into the collection system or gas into the air. Any
gravel used around pipe perforations should be of a dimension so as not
to penetrate or block perforations.
    (3) Collection devices may be connected to the collection header
pipes below or above the landfill surface. The connector assembly must
include a positive closing throttle valve, any necessary seals and
couplings, access couplings and at least one sampling port. The
collection devices must be constructed of PVC, HDPE, fiberglass,
stainless steel, or other nonporous material of suitable thickness.
    (c) Each owner or operator seeking to comply with Sec.  60.33f(c)
must convey the landfill gas to a control system in compliance with
Sec.  60.33f(c) through the collection header pipe(s). The gas mover
equipment must be sized to handle the maximum gas generation flow rate
expected over the intended use period of the gas moving equipment using
the following procedures:
    (1) For existing collection systems, the flow data must be used to
project the maximum flow rate. If no flow data exist, the procedures in
paragraph (c)(2) of this section must be used.
    (2) For new collection systems, the maximum flow rate must be in
accordance with Sec.  60.36f(a)(1).

Sec.  60.41f  Definitions.

    Terms used but not defined in this subpart have the meaning given
them in the Clean Air Act and in subparts A and B of this part.
    Active collection system means a gas collection system that uses
gas mover equipment.
    Active landfill means a landfill in which solid waste is being
placed or a

landfill that is planned to accept waste in the future.
    Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency or his/her authorized representative or the
Administrator of a State Air Pollution Control Agency.
    Closed landfill means a landfill in which solid waste is no longer
being placed, and in which no additional solid wastes will be placed
without first filing a notification of modification as prescribed under
Sec.  60.7(a)(4). Once a notification of modification has been filed,
and additional solid waste is placed in the landfill, the landfill is
no longer closed.
    Closed landfill subcategory means a closed landfill that has
submitted a closure report as specified in Sec.  60.38f(f) on or before
August 27, 2015.
    Closure means that point in time when a landfill becomes a closed
landfill.
    Commercial solid waste means all types of solid waste generated by
stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, and other nonmanufacturing
activities, excluding residential and industrial wastes.
    Controlled landfill means any landfill at which collection and
control systems are required under this subpart as a result of the NMOC
emission rate. The landfill is considered controlled at the time a
collection and control system design plan is submitted in compliance
with Sec.  60.33f(e)(2).
    Design capacity means the maximum amount of solid waste a landfill
can accept, as indicated in terms of volume or mass in the most recent
permit issued by the state, local, or tribal agency responsible for
regulating the landfill, plus any in-place waste not accounted for in
the most recent permit.
    Disposal facility means all contiguous land and structures, other
appurtenances, and improvements on the land used for the disposal of
solid waste.
    Emission rate cutoff means the threshold annual emission rate to
which a landfill compares its estimated emission rate to determine if
control under the regulation is required.
    Enclosed combustor means an enclosed firebox which maintains a
relatively constant limited peak temperature generally using a limited
supply of combustion air. An enclosed flare is considered an enclosed
combustor.
    Flare means an open combustor without enclosure or shroud.
    Gas mover equipment means the equipment (i.e., fan, blower,
compressor) used to transport landfill gas through the header system.
    Household waste means any solid waste (including garbage, trash,
and sanitary waste in septic tanks) derived from households (including,
but not limited to, single and multiple residences, hotels and motels,
bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic
grounds, and day-use recreation areas). Household waste does not
include fully segregated yard waste. Segregated yard waste means
vegetative matter resulting exclusively from the cutting of grass, the
pruning and/or removal of bushes, shrubs, and trees, the weeding of
gardens, and other landscaping maintenance activities. Household waste
does not include construction, renovation, or demolition wastes.
    Industrial solid waste means solid waste generated by manufacturing
or industrial processes that is not a hazardous waste regulated under
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, parts 264 and
265 of this chapter. Such waste may include, but is not limited to,
waste resulting from the following manufacturing processes: Electric
power generation; fertilizer/agricultural chemicals; food and related
products/by-products; inorganic chemicals; iron and steel
manufacturing; leather and leather products; nonferrous metals
manufacturing/foundries; organic chemicals; plastics and resins
manufacturing; pulp and paper industry; rubber and miscellaneous
plastic products; stone, glass, clay, and concrete products; textile
manufacturing; transportation equipment; and water treatment. This term
does not include mining waste or oil and gas waste.
    Interior well means any well or similar collection component
located inside the perimeter of the landfill waste. A perimeter well
located outside the landfilled waste is not an interior well.
    Landfill means an area of land or an excavation in which wastes are
placed for permanent disposal, and that is not a land application unit,
surface impoundment, injection well, or waste pile as those terms are
defined under Sec.  257.2 of this title.
    Lateral expansion means a horizontal expansion of the waste
boundaries of an existing MSW landfill. A lateral expansion is not a
modification unless it results in an increase in the design capacity of
the landfill.
    Modification means an increase in the permitted volume design
capacity of the landfill by either lateral or vertical expansion based
on its permitted design capacity as of July 17, 2014. Modification does
not occur until the owner or operator commences construction on the
lateral or vertical expansion.
    Municipal solid waste landfill or MSW landfill means an entire
disposal facility in a contiguous geographical space where household
waste is placed in or on land. An MSW landfill may also receive other
types of RCRA Subtitle D wastes (Sec.  257.2 of this title) such as
commercial solid waste, nonhazardous sludge, conditionally exempt small
quantity generator waste, and industrial solid waste. Portions of an
MSW landfill may be separated by access roads. An MSW landfill may be
publicly or privately owned. An MSW landfill may be a new MSW landfill,
an existing MSW landfill, or a lateral expansion.
    Municipal solid waste landfill emissions or MSW landfill emissions
means gas generated by the decomposition of organic waste deposited in
an MSW landfill or derived from the evolution of organic compounds in
the waste.
    NMOC means nonmethane organic compounds, as measured according to
the provisions of Sec.  60.35f.
    Nondegradable waste means any waste that does not decompose through
chemical breakdown or microbiological activity. Examples are, but are
not limited to, concrete, municipal waste combustor ash, and metals.
    Passive collection system means a gas collection system that solely
uses positive pressure within the landfill to move the gas rather than
using gas mover equipment.
    Protectorate means American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the
Virgin Islands.
    Sludge means the term sludge as defined in 40 CFR 258.2.
    Solid waste means the term solid waste as defined in 40 CFR 258.2.
    State means any of the 50 United States and the protectorates of
the United States.
    State plan means a plan submitted pursuant to section 111(d) of the
Clean Air Act and subpart B of this part that implements and enforces
subpart Cf of this part.
    Sufficient density means any number, spacing, and combination of
collection system components, including vertical wells, horizontal
collectors, and surface collectors, necessary to maintain emission and
migration control as determined by measures of performance set forth in
this part.

    Sufficient extraction rate means a rate sufficient to maintain a
negative pressure at all wellheads in the collection system without
causing air infiltration, including any wellheads connected to the
system as a result of expansion or excess surface emissions, for the
life of the blower.
    Treated landfill gas means landfill gas processed in a treatment
system as defined in this subpart.
    Treatment system means a system that filters, de-waters, and
compresses landfill gas for sale or beneficial use.
    Untreated landfill gas means any landfill gas that is not treated
landfill gas.

[FR Doc. 2015-20899 Filed 8-26-15; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


C:\ dmautop\ temp\ DCTM_ ARP. doc Marine Flight Station Procedures ( using MF 25 CTD)

These instructions assume that the CTD and AFM are already programmed.

Set Niskin bottles   use AFM arm positions 3, 9, 11 and 12. Ensure vents & spigots are closed & turned inside to prevent damage. Turn on CTD Lower CTD   Hold just below surface for at least 90 seconds. Take fecal sample

Open fecal bottle and place in bottle holder

Lower just below surface and fill bottle ( sample should be from the surface micro layer)

Recover bottle; pour out small amount to fit cork; stopper bottle and place on ice. Raise CTD to first white plastic divider of frame. Hold for 6 seconds, then lower CTD to1 2 meters above bottom. ( When CTD reaches bottom and line goes slack, raise so CTD does not drag on bottom.) Hold for 60 seconds. Take secchi reading to closest half meter. Each line marking is equal to 0.5 m. Raise CTD until it just breaks the surface, hold until surface bottle fires, then bring on board. Turn CTD off and check bottles for leaking. Take DO sample and preserve.

Attach tubing to spigot and remove air bubbles.

Rinse DO bottle by placing tubing inside against bottom, inverting bottle, then rotating bottle 3x with water flowing down sides.

Gently invert bottle allowing water to overflow for approx. 3 volumes.

Shut off Niskin valve and gently remove tubing, without introducing any air into the sample.

Add 1 mL MnCl2.

Add 1 mL NaOH NaI Azide.

Insert stopper at an angle to prevent air from being trapped by stopper. Twist tightly & quickly invert bottle to mix solutions.

Place sample in DO box. Take salinity sample ( if needed).

Rinse bottle three times.

Fill to approximately 2/ 3 full. Take nutrient samples.

Attach new filter to syringe.

Rinse syringe 3 times with water from Niskin bottle.

Fill syringe to top and insert plunger.

Rinse sample bottle and cap 3 times with water from syringe ( leaving 40 ml in syringe).

Filter remaining 40 ml into sample bottle, then cap and place on ice. Take chl a samples.

Rinse bottle and cap 3 times with water from Niskin.

Fill bottle to overflowing ( positive meniscus) and cap.

Place on ice. C:\ dmautop\ temp\ DCTM_ ARP. doc Take Monica's samples on MF4 stations HCB006, HCB004 and HCB003 and on MF3 at ADM002, at the following depths. ( If water or time constraints exist, priority should be given to surface samples with the deepest samples dropped first.)

HCB006 0, 10, 30

HCB004 0, 10, 30

HCB003 0

ADM002 0, 10, 30

Rinse bottle and cap 3 times.

Fill sample bottle to overflowing.

Store on ice in the extra, small cooler.

Leave samples on plane at end of flight, as Monica will pick up samples at Kenmore Air; call her to inform her of ETA of plane at Kenmore. Drain and reset Niskin bottles. Close hatch and secure CTD. Proceed to next station. Attach computer cable to CTD. Download data and reprogram CTD/ AFM en route to next station. Wait 2 minutes before next cast, if this amount of time has not passed between downloading CTD & arrival at new station. Transfer all CTD casts to floppy disk on return flight to dock.