[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 223 (Tuesday, November 23, 2021)]
[Notices]
[Pages 66548-66550]
[FR Doc No: 2021-25515]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369; FRL-9281-01-R10]

Proposed Determination To Restrict the Use of an Area and a
Disposal Site; Pebble Deposit Area

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: In light of the U.S. District Court for the District of
Alaska's recent decision to remand and vacate the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s 2019 decision to withdraw the
Proposed Determination to Restrict the Use of an Area and a Disposal
Site; Pebble Deposit Area, Southwest Alaska pursuant to the Clean Water
Act (CWA), EPA Region 10 is providing notice that EPA has good cause to
extend the time requirement to allow the EPA Region 10 Regional
Administrator to consider available information, including information
that has become available since EPA issued the 2014 Proposed
Determination in order to determine appropriate next steps in the
review process.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Visit www.epa.gov/bristolbay or
contact Cami Grandinetti through the Bristol Bay-specific phone line,
(206) 553-0040, or email address, [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. How To Obtain a Copy of the Bristol Bay Watershed Assessment

    The Bristol Bay Watershed Assessment is available via the internet
on the EPA Region 10 Bristol Bay site at www.epa.gov/bristolbay.

B. How To Obtain a Copy of the 2014 Proposed Determination

    The July 2014 Proposed Determination is available via the internet
on the EPA Region 10 Bristol Bay site at www.epa.gov/bristolbay.

C. How To Obtain a Copy of the Settlement Agreement

    The May 11, 2017 settlement agreement is available via the internet
on the EPA Region 10 Bristol Bay site at www.epa.gov/bristolbay.

D. How To Obtain a Copy of the Proposal to Withdraw the 2014 Proposed
Determination

    The July 2017 proposal to withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination
is available via the internet on the EPA Region 10 Bristol Bay site at
www.epa.gov/bristolbay. Information regarding the proposal to withdraw
can also be found in the docket for this effort at www.regulations.gov,
see docket ID No. EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369 or via the following website
located at https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369.

E. How To Obtain a Copy of Notification of Suspension

    The February 2018 notice announcing EPA's decision to suspend the
proceeding to withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination at that time is
available via the internet on the EPA Region 10 Bristol Bay site at
www.epa.gov/bristolbay. Information regarding the suspension can also
be found in the docket for this effort at www.regulations.gov, see
docket ID No. EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369 or via the following website located
at https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369.

F. How To Obtain a Copy of the Notice of Withdrawal of the 2014
Proposed Determination

    The August 2019 notice of withdrawal of the 2014 Proposed
Determination is available via the internet on the EPA Region 10
Bristol Bay site at www.epa.gov/bristolbay. Information regarding the
proposal to withdraw can also be found in the docket for this effort at
www.regulations.gov, see docket ID No. EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369 or via the
following website located at https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=EPA-R10-OW-2017-0369.

II. Factual Background

A. Bristol Bay Watershed Assessment and 2014 Proposed Determination

    In 2011, after EPA received petitions to use its CWA section 404(c)
authority to protect Bristol Bay's salmon fishery, EPA initiated a
three-year ecological risk assessment to determine the significance of
the Bristol Bay watershed's ecological resources and to evaluate the
potential impacts of large-scale mining on those resources. In January
2014, EPA finalized the peer-reviewed Bristol Bay Watershed Assessment
(BBWA), which it prepared through an open and inclusive process that
included two opportunities for public comment, eight public meetings,
interagency coordination, and consultation with 13 federally recognized
tribal governments.
    On February 28, 2014, after careful consideration of available
material, including information collected as part of the BBWA, other
existing science and technical information, and information provided by
stakeholders, EPA Region 10 notified the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(Corps), the State of Alaska (State), and the Pebble Limited
Partnership (PLP) that it had decided to proceed under its CWA section
404(c) regulations to review potential adverse environmental effects of
discharges of dredged and fill material associated with mining the
Pebble deposit in southwest Alaska. In accordance with its regulations
at 40 CFR 231.3(a)(1), EPA Region 10 offered the Corps, the State, and
PLP the opportunity to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Region 10
Regional Administrator that no unacceptable adverse effects would occur
as a result of such discharges.
    On July 21, 2014, EPA Region 10 published in the Federal Register
notice of its 2014 Proposed Determination to restrict the use of
certain waters in the South Fork Koktuli River, North Fork Koktuli
River, and Upper Talarik Creek watersheds (located within the larger
Bristol Bay watershed) as disposal sites for the discharge of dredged
or fill material associated with mining the Pebble deposit (79 FR
42314, July 21, 2014). EPA Region 10 held seven public hearings
throughout southwest Alaska during the week of August 11, 2014 and
received more than 670,000 public comments, more than 99% of which
supported the 2014 Proposed Determination.

B. PLP's Litigation and Settlement Agreement

    Before EPA could reach the next step in the CWA section 404(c)
review process--to either withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination or
prepare a recommended determination pursuant to 40 CFR 231.5(a)--PLP
filed multiple lawsuits against the Agency. On November 25, 2014, the
U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska issued a preliminary
injunction against EPA in one of those lawsuits that halted EPA Region
10's CWA section 404(c) review process until the case was resolved.
Order Granting Preliminary Injunction at 1-2, Pebble Limited
Partnership v. EPA, No. 3:14-cv-00171 (D. Alaska Nov. 25, 2014). On May
11, 2017, EPA and PLP settled that lawsuit--and all of PLP's
outstanding lawsuits--and the court subsequently dissolved the
injunction and dismissed the case with prejudice.
    Under the terms of the settlement, EPA agreed to ``initiate a
process to propose to withdraw the Proposed Determination.'' EPA also
agreed not to forward a signed recommended determination to EPA
Headquarters until May 11, 2021 or until EPA published a notice of the
Corps' final environmental impact statement (EIS) on PLP's CWA section
404 permit application for the proposed Pebble mine, whichever came
first. To take advantage of this period of forbearance, PLP was
required to submit its CWA section 404 permit application to the Corps
within 30 months of execution of the settlement agreement. For a link
to a copy of the settlement agreement, see Section I of this document.

C. Proposal To Withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination,
``Suspension,'' and Withdrawal

    On July 19, 2017, in accordance with the terms of the settlement
agreement, EPA Region 10 published in the Federal Register a notice of
its proposal to withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination (82 FR 33123,
July 19, 2017). In its July 19, 2017 publication, EPA identified three
reasons for its proposed withdrawal--that withdrawing the 2014 Proposed
Determination would (1) provide PLP with additional time to submit a
CWA section 404 permit application to the Corps; (2) remove any
uncertainty, real or perceived, about PLP's ability to submit a permit
application and have that permit application reviewed; and (3) allow
the factual record regarding any forthcoming permit application to
develop. EPA explained that ``[i]n light of the basis upon which EPA is
considering withdrawal of the Proposed Determination, EPA is not
soliciting comment on the proposed restrictions or on science or
technical information underlying the Proposed Determination.'' (82 FR
33124, July 19, 2017)
    EPA received more than one million public comments regarding its
proposal to withdraw. Approximately 99% of commenters expressed
opposition to the withdrawal of the 2014 Proposed Determination. The
public comments, transcripts from the public hearings, and summaries of
the tribal and ANCSA Corporation consultations can be found in the
docket for this proceeding; see Section I of this document for
information on how to access this docket.
    On December 22, 2017, PLP submitted to the Corps a CWA section 404
permit application that proposed to develop a mine at the Pebble
deposit. On January 5, 2018, the Corps issued a public notice that
provided PLP's permit application to the public, stated that an EIS
would be required as part of its permit review process consistent with
the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and invited relevant
federal and state agencies, including EPA, to be cooperating agencies
on the development of the EIS.
    On January 26, 2018, EPA Region 10 announced a ``suspension'' of
the proceeding to withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination at that
time. This action was published in the Federal Register on February 28,
2018 (83 FR 8668, February 28, 2018).
    On August 30, 2019, after conferring with EPA's General Counsel,\1\
EPA Region 10 published in the Federal Register its decision to
withdraw the 2014 Proposed Determination, thereby concluding the
withdrawal process that was initiated on July 19, 2017 (84 FR 45749,
August 30, 2019). EPA identified that it was withdrawing the Proposed
Determination because:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ In 1984, the EPA Administrator delegated the authority to
make final determinations under CWA section 404(c) to EPA's national
CWA section 404 program manager, who is the Assistant Administrator
for Water. That general delegation remains in effect. On March 22,
2019, EPA Administrator Wheeler delegated to the General Counsel the
authority to perform all functions and responsibilities retained by
the Administrator or previously delegated to the Assistant
Administrator for Water for EPA's section 404(c) action for the
Pebble deposit area.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (1) New information had been generated since 2014, including
information and preliminary conclusions in the Corps' Draft EIS, that
EPA would need to consider before any potential future decision-making
regarding the matter;
    (2) The record would continue to develop throughout the permitting
process; and
    (3) EPA could and then had initiated the section 404(q) MOA process
and it was appropriate to use that process to resolve issues before
engaging in any potential future decision-making regarding the matter.
    In its August 30, 2019 notice of withdrawal of the 2014 Proposed
Determination, EPA stated that ``[a]s in EPA's prior notices, EPA is
not basing its decision-making on technical consideration or judgments
about whether the mine proposal will ultimately be found to meet the
requirements of the 404(b)(1) Guidelines or results in `unacceptable
adverse effects' under CWA section 404(c).'' (84 FR 45756, August 30,
2019)
    In November 2020, the Corps denied PLP's CWA section 404 permit
application. The denial addresses only that specific permit
application, and PLP filed an administrative appeal of the Corps'
decision pursuant to the Corps' regulations at 33 CFR part 331.

D. Legal Challenge To Withdrawal of the 2014 Proposed Determination

    In October 2019, twenty tribal, fishing, environmental, and
conservation groups challenged EPA's withdrawal of the 2014 Proposed
Determination in the U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska,
asserting that EPA's withdrawal decision was not supported by the
record and that EPA had failed to consider the science and technical
information, including whether the proposed project would result in
unacceptable adverse effects. The District Court dismissed the action,
holding that EPA's decision to withdraw a proposed determination was
unreviewable for lack of a meaningful legal standard governing the
Agency's action.
    On appeal, in June 2021, the Ninth Circuit reversed the District
Court's holding that EPA's decision to withdraw a proposed
determination was unreviewable, finding instead that EPA's regulation
at 40 CFR 231.5(a) provides a standard for review. Specifically, the
Ninth Circuit concluded that EPA is authorized to withdraw a proposed
determination ``only if the discharge of materials would be unlikely to
have an unacceptable adverse effect.'' Trout Unlimited v. Pirzadeh, 1
F.4th 738, 757 (9th Cir. June 17, 2021) (emphasis in original). The
Ninth Circuit remanded the case to the District Court for further
proceedings.
    On September 28, 2021, EPA filed a motion in the District Court
requesting

that the court vacate the Agency's decision to withdraw the 2014
Proposed Determination and remand the action to the Agency to
reconsider its action. In its motion, EPA explained that, in making the
withdrawal decision, the Agency had not addressed the ``unlikely to
have an unacceptable adverse effect'' standard that the Ninth Circuit
subsequently held must be met when EPA withdraws a proposed
determination and that such an omission ``was serious and
fundamental.'' The District Court granted EPA's motion on October 29,
2021.

III. Legal Background

A. CWA Section 404(c)

    CWA section 404(a) allows the Corps to issue permits authorizing
the discharge of dredged or fill material at specified disposal sites.
Section 404(b) provides that ``[s]ubject to subsection (c) . . . , each
such disposal site shall be specified for each such permit by the
Secretary. . . .'' CWA Section 404(c) authorizes EPA to prohibit the
specification of any defined area or deny or restrict the use of any
defined area as a disposal site for the discharge of dredged or fill
material into waters of the United States within the defined area
``whenever'' it determines that the discharge of such material into
such area will have ``an unacceptable adverse effect on municipal water
supplies, shellfish beds and fishery areas (including spawning and
breeding areas), wildlife, or recreational areas.'' 33 U.S.C. 1344(c).

B. CWA Section 404(c) Regulations

    EPA's regulations at 40 CFR part 231 provide a four-step process
for the Agency to follow in exercising its 404(c) authority.
    Step 1: Initial Notification. If the EPA Regional Administrator has
reason to believe, after evaluating available information, that an
unacceptable adverse effect could result from the specification or use
for specification of a defined area as a disposal site, the Regional
Administrator may initiate the section 404(c) process by notifying the
Corps, the applicant (if any), and the owner of record of the site that
s/he intends to issue a public notice of the proposed determination to
prohibit or withdraw the specification, or to deny, restrict or
withdraw the use for specification, whichever the case may be, of any
defined area as a disposal site. 40 CFR 231.3(a)(1).
    Step 2: Proposed Determination. If within 15 days of receipt of the
Regional Administrator's notice under Step 1, it has not been
demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Regional Administrator that no
unacceptable adverse effect(s) will occur or the Corps does not notify
the Regional Administrator of its intent to take corrective action to
prevent an unacceptable adverse effect satisfactory to the Regional
Administrator, the Regional Administrator must publish a notice of the
proposed determination in the Federal Register, soliciting public
comment and offering an opportunity for public hearing. 40 CFR
231.3(a)(2); 40 CFR 231.3(b).
    Step 3: Withdrawal of Proposed Determination or Preparation of
Recommended Determination. Within 30 days after the conclusion of the
public hearing (but not before the end of the comment period), or, if
no hearing is held, within 15 days after the expiration of the comment
period on the public notice of the proposed determination, the Regional
Administrator must either withdraw the proposed determination or
prepare a recommended determination. If the Regional Administrator
prepares a recommended determination, the Regional Administrator must
promptly forward the recommended determination and administrative
record to the Assistant Administrator for Water. 40 CFR 231.5(a)
and(b).
    Step 4: Final Determination. Within 30 days of receipt of the
recommendations and administrative record, the Assistant Administrator
for Water shall initiate consultation with the Corps, the applicant (if
any), and the owner of record of the site. Each of those parties shall
have 15 days to notify the Assistant Administrator for Water of their
intent to take corrective action to prevent unacceptable adverse
effects, satisfactory to the Assistant Administrator for Water. Within
60 days of receipt of the recommendations and administrative record,
the Assistant Administrator for Water shall make a final determination
affirming, modifying, or rescinding the recommended determination.
    EPA's regulations authorize it to extend the regulatory deadlines
``upon a showing of good cause.'' 40 CFR 231.8. ``Notice of any such
extension shall be published in the Federal Register and, as
appropriate, through other forms of notice.'' Id.

IV. Extension of Regulatory Time Requirements for Good Cause

    The District Court's vacatur of the decision to withdraw the 2014
Proposed Determination reinstates the 2014 Proposed Determination and
reinitiates the CWA section 404(c) review process. The next step in the
CWA section 404(c) review process requires the Region 10 Regional
Administrator to, within 30 days, decide whether to withdraw the 2014
Proposed Determination or prepare a recommended determination. See 40
CFR 231.5(a). EPA Region 10's 2014 Proposed Determination relied on
EPA's authority under section 404(c) of the CWA; was issued in
accordance with the regulations at 40 CFR part 231; and reflected EPA
Region 10's robust consideration of the extensive science and technical
information available to the Agency at the time. Since EPA issued the
2014 Proposed Determination, new information has become available,
including the voluminous public comments EPA received on the 2014
Proposed Determination; technical information contained in PLP's CWA
section 404 permit application and updated mine plan; analysis
developed during the NEPA process and contained in Corps' Final EIS and
its permit denial; as well as new and potentially relevant science and
technical information produced through other contemporaneous efforts.
EPA has concluded that it should consider this information in its
decision-making. EPA has therefore determined that good cause exists
under 40 CFR 231.8 to extend the thirty-day regulatory time requirement
in 40 CFR 231.5(a). An extension through May 31, 2022 will allow the
Region 10 Regional Administrator to consider available information in
order to determine appropriate next steps, which may include revising
the 2014 Proposed Determination.

    Dated: November 17, 2021.
Michelle L. Pirzadeh,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 10.
[FR Doc. 2021-25515 Filed 11-22-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 120 (Wednesday, June 24, 2009)]
[Notices]
[Pages 30190-30191]
[FR Doc No: E9-14723]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-60117; File No. SR-NYSEAmex-2009-25]

Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex, Inc.; Notice of Filing
and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Amending the
Schedule of Fees and Charges for Exchange Services by Adding a Ratio
Threshold Fee

June 16, 2009.
    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) \1\ of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 (the ``Act'') \2\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\3\ notice is hereby
given that, on June 10, 2009, NYSE Amex LLC. (``NYSE Amex'' or the
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in Items I, II,
and III below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested persons.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 15 U.S.C. 78a.
    \3\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change

    The Exchange proposes to amend its Schedule of Fees and Charges for
Exchange Services (``Fee Schedule'') by adding a Ratio Threshold Fee.
While changes to the Schedule pursuant to this proposal will be
effective upon filing, the proposed fee will become operative on June
10, 2009. The text of the proposed rule change is attached as Exhibit 5
to the 19b-4 form. A copy of this filing is available on the Exchange's
Web site at http://www.nyse.com, at the Exchange's principal office and
at the Commission's Public Reference Room.

II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

    In its filing with the Commission, the self-regulatory organization
included statements concerning the purpose of, and basis for, the
proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the
proposed rule change. The text of those statements may be examined at
the places specified in Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared
summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most
significant parts of such statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose
    The Exchange proposes adding a Ratio Threshold Fee to its Fee
Schedule. The proposed Ratio Threshold Fee will be charged to ATP
Holders based on the number of orders entered compared to the number of
executions received in a calendar month. The fee will be assessed as
follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Monthly
               Monthly order to execution ratio                  charge
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Between 10,000 and 14,999 to 1................................    $5,000
Between 15,000 and 19,999 to 1................................    10,000
Between 20,000 and 24,999 to 1................................    20,000
25,000 to 1 and greater.......................................    35,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This fee shall not apply to orders that improve the Exchange's
prevailing best bid-offer (BBO) market at the time the orders are
received.
    ATP Holders with order to execution ratios of 10,000 to 1 or
greater have the potential residual effect of exhausting system
resources, bandwidth, and capacity. Such order to execution ratios may,
in turn, create latency and impact other ATP Holder's ability to
receive timely executions. Recognizing that orders and executions often
occur in large numbers, the purpose of this fee is to focus on activity
that is truly disproportionate while fairly allocating costs among
members. The proposed fee has multiple thresholds and is greater at
higher order to execution ratios because the potential impact on
exchange systems, bandwidth and capacity becomes greater with increased
order to execution ratios.
    Additionally, the Exchange proposes an exception whereby ATP
Holders will not be charged the Ratio Threshold Fee if they incur
charges on a monthly basis pursuant to the Cancellation Fee. The
Cancellation Fee is charged only for cancelled public customer orders
in excess of the established thresholds and is designed to protect
customer priority. By virtue of this exception, the Ratio Threshold Fee
will, in effect, only be assessed on non-customer orders. Due to the
necessity of the Cancellation Fee to protect customer priority and the
Exchange's need to allocate costs for the use of bandwidth and capacity
among all members, the Exchange believes the structure of the Ratio
Threshold Fee compared to the Cancellation Fee is appropriate because
firms paying the Cancellation Fee will not also be charged the Ratio
Threshold Fee.
    The new Ratio Threshold Fee will become effective on June 10, 2009.
2. Statutory Basis
    The Exchange believes that the proposal is consistent with Section
6(b) of the Act, in general, and Section 6(b)(4), in particular, in
that it provides for the equitable allocation of dues, fees and other
charges among its members and other market participants that use the
trading facilities of NYSE Amex Options. Under this proposal, all
similarly situated members of NYSE Amex Options will be charged the
same reasonable dues, fees and other charges.

B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

    The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

    No written comments were solicited or received with respect to the
proposed rule change.

III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action

    The foregoing rule change is effective upon filing pursuant to
Section 19(b)(3)(A) \4\ of the Act and subparagraph (f)(2) of Rule 19b-
4 \5\ thereunder, because it establishes a due, fee, or other charge
imposed by NYSE Amex.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
    \5\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission may summarily abrogate such rule change if it
appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or appropriate
in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or otherwise
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.

IV. Solicitation of Comments

    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's Internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
     Send an e-mail to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Please include
File Number SR-NYSEAmex-2009-25 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549-1090.
    All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NYSEAmex-2009-25.
This file number should be included on the subject line if e-mail is
used. To help the Commission process and review your comments more
efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all
comments on the Commission's Internet Web site (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments,
all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that
are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating
to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person,
other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance
with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for inspection
and copying in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street,
NE., Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours
of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of the filing will also be available for
inspection and copying at the principal office of the self-regulatory
organization. All comments received will be posted without change; the
Commission does not edit personal identifying information from
submissions. You should submit only information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-
NYSEAmex-2009-25 and should be submitted on or before July 15, 2009.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Florence E. Harmon,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. E9-14723 Filed 6-23-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8010-01-P


[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 124 (Wednesday, June 29, 2022)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 38655-38656]
[FR Doc No: 2022-13691]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration

14 CFR Part 71

[Docket No. FAA-2021-0863; Airspace Docket No. 21-AAL-21]
RIN 2120-AA66

Establishment of United States Area Navigation (RNAV) Route T-
396; Nome, AK

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This action establishes United States Area Navigation (RNAV)
route T-396 in the vicinity of Nome, AK in support of a large and
comprehensive T-route modernization project for the state of Alaska.

DATES: Effective date 0901 UTC, September 8, 2022. The Director of the
Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference action under
1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order JO 7400.11
and publication of conforming amendments.

ADDRESSES: FAA Order JO 7400.11F, Airspace Designations and Reporting
Points, and subsequent amendments can be viewed online at https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/. For further information, you can
contact the Rules and Regulations Group, Federal Aviation
Administration, 800 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591;
telephone:<PHONE_NUMBER>.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jesse Acevedo, Rules and Regulations
Group, Office of Policy, Federal Aviation Administration, 800
Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591; telephone: (202) 267-
8783.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Authority for This Rulemaking

    The FAA's authority to issue rules regarding aviation safety is
found in Title 49 of the United States Code. Subtitle I, Section 106
describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII,
Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the agency's
authority. This rulemaking is promulgated under the authority described
in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart I, Section 40103. Under that section,
the FAA is charged with prescribing regulations to assign the use of
the airspace necessary to ensure the safety of aircraft and the
efficient use of airspace. This regulation is within the scope of that
authority as it expands the availability of RNAV in Alaska and improve
the efficient flow of air traffic within the National Airspace System
by lessening the dependency on ground based navigation.

History

    The FAA published a notice of proposed rulemaking for Docket No.
FAA-2021-0863 in the Federal Register (86 FR 58823; October 25, 2021),
establishing United States Area Navigation (RNAV) route T-396 in the
vicinity of Nome, AK in support of a large and comprehensive T-route
modernization project for the state of Alaska. Interested parties were
invited to participate in this rulemaking effort by submitting comments
on the proposal. There were no comments received.
    United States Area Navigation Routes are published in paragraph
6011 of FAA Order JO 7400.11F dated August 10, 2021 and effective
September 15, 2021, which is incorporated by reference in 14 CFR 71.1.
The RNAV route listed in this document would be published subsequently
in FAA Order JO 7400.11F.

Differences From the NPRM

    Subsequent to the publication of the NPRM for Docket No. FAA-2021-
0863 in the Federal Register (86 FR 58823; October 25, 2021),
establishing United States Area Navigation (RNAV) route T-396 in the
vicinity of Nome, AK, the FAA determined it was necessary to relocate
the HALUS waypoint (WP), to address instrument flight procedure
concerns related to two points (i.e., fix, navigational aid, waypoints)
being located too close to one another. As a result, the latitude/long
geographic coordinates for the HALUS WP are changed from what was
proposed in the NPRM. This change moves the WP by approximately 600-
feet from the location as proposed in the NPRM. The regulatory text in
this action incorporates these changes.

Availability and Summary of Documents for Incorporation by Reference

    This document amends FAA Order JO 7400.11F, Airspace Designations
and Reporting Points, dated August 10, 2021, and effective September
15, 2021. FAA Order JO 7400.11F is publicly available as listed in the
ADDRESSES section of this document. FAA Order JO 7400.11F lists Class
A, B, C, D, and E airspace areas, air traffic service routes, and
reporting points.

The Rule

    This action amends 14 CFR part 71 by establishing RNAV route T-396
in the vicinity of Nome, AK in support of a large and comprehensive T-
route modernization project for the state of Alaska.
    The route is described below.
    T-396: This action establishes T-396 from the Nome, AK, (OME) VHF
Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment (VOR/DME) to the
Galena, AK, (GAL) VOR/DME.
    FAA Order JO 7400.11, Airspace Designations and Reporting Points,
is published yearly and effective on September 15.

Regulatory Notices and Analyses

    The FAA determined that this regulation only involves an
established body of technical regulations for which frequent and
routine amendments are necessary to keep them operationally current.
It, therefore: (1) is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under
Executive Order 12866; (2) is not a ``significant rule'' under
Department of Transportation (DOT) Regulatory Policies and Procedures
(44 FR 11034; February 26, 1979); and (3) does not warrant preparation
of a regulatory evaluation as the anticipated impact is so minimal.
Since this is a routine matter that only affects air traffic procedures
and air navigation, it is certified that this rule, when promulgated,
does not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of
small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.

Environmental Review

    The FAA determined that this airspace action of establishing RNAV
route T-396 in the vicinity of Nome, AK qualifies for categorical
exclusion under the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321
et seq.) and its implementing regulations at 40 CFR part 1500, and in
accordance with FAA Order 1050.1F, Environmental Impacts: Policies and
Procedures, paragraph 5-6.5a, which categorically excludes from further
environmental impact review rulemaking actions that designate or modify
classes of airspace areas, airways, routes, and reporting points (see
14 CFR part 71, Designation of Class A, B, C, D, and E Airspace Areas;
Air Traffic Service Routes; and Reporting Points), and paragraph 5-
6.5i, which categorically excludes from further environmental review
the establishment of new or revised air traffic control procedures
conducted at 3,000 feet or more above ground level (AGL); procedures
conducted below 3,000 feet AGL that do not cause traffic to be
routinely routed over noise sensitive areas; modifications to currently
approved procedures conducted below 3,000 feet AGL that do

not significantly increase noise over noise sensitive areas; and
increases in minimum altitudes and landing minima. As such, this action
is not expected to result in any potentially significant environmental
impacts. In accordance with FAA Order 1050.1F, paragraph 5-2 regarding
Extraordinary Circumstances, the FAA has reviewed this action for
factors and circumstances in which a normally categorically excluded
action may have a significant environmental impact requiring further
analysis. Accordingly, the FAA has determined that no extraordinary
circumstances exist that warrant preparation of an environmental
assessment or environmental impact study.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 71

    Airspace, Incorporation by reference, Navigation (air).

The Amendment

    In consideration of the foregoing, the Federal Aviation
Administration amends 14 CFR part 71 as follows:

PART 71--DESIGNATION OF CLASS A, B, C, D, AND E AIRSPACE AREAS; AIR
TRAFFIC SERVICE ROUTES; AND REPORTING POINTS

0
1. The authority citation for part 71 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g); 40103, 40113, 40120; E.O.
10854, 24 FR 9565, 3 CFR, 1959-1963 Comp., p. 389.

Sec.  71.1   [Amended]

0
2. The incorporation by reference in 14 CFR 71.1 of FAA Order JO
7400.11F, Airspace Designations and Reporting Points, dated August 10,
2021, and effective September 15, 2021, is amended as follows:

Paragraph 6011 United States Area Navigation Routes.

* * * * *

                                 T-396 Nome, AK (OME) to Galena, AK (GAL) [New]
Nome, AK (OME)               VOR/DME                (Lat. 64[deg]29'06.39'' N, long. 165[deg]15'11.43'' W)
HALUS, AK                    WP                     (Lat. 64[deg]41'43.78'' N, long. 162[deg]04'03.53'' W)
Galena, AK (GAL)             VOR/DME                (Lat. 64[deg]44'17.26'' N, long. 156[deg]46'37.69'' W)

* * * * *

    Issued in Washington, DC, on June 22, 2022.
Scott M. Rosenbloom,
Manager, Airspace Rules and Regulations.
[FR Doc. 2022-13691 Filed 6-28-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P


[Federal Register: September 1, 2009 (Volume 74, Number 168)]
[Notices]
[Page 45225-45226]
[DOCID:fr01se09-80]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Food and Drug Administration

[Docket No. FDA-2009-E-0058]

Determination of Regulatory Review Period for Purposes of Patent
Extension; TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE

AGENCY:  Food and Drug Administration, HHS.

ACTION:  Notice.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY:  The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has determined the
regulatory review period for TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE and is publishing
this notice of that determination as required by law. FDA has made the
determination because of the submission of an application to the
Director of Patents and Trademarks, Department of Commerce, for the
extension of a patent which claims that human drug product.

ADDRESSES:  Submit written comments and petitions to the Division of
Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630
Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. Submit electronic comments
to http://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:  Beverly Friedman, Office of
Regulatory Policy, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire
Ave., Bldg. 51, rm. 6222, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002,<PHONE_NUMBER>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term
Restoration Act of 1984 (Public Law 98-417) and the Generic Animal Drug
and Patent Term Restoration Act (Public Law 100-670) generally provide
that a patent may be extended for a period of up to 5 years so long as
the patented item (human drug product, animal drug product, medical
device, food additive, or color additive) was subject to regulatory
review by FDA before the item was marketed. Under these acts, a
product's regulatory review period forms the basis for determining the
amount of extension an applicant may receive.
    A regulatory review period consists of two periods of time: A
testing phase and an approval phase. For human drug products, the
testing phase begins when the exemption to permit the clinical
investigations of the drug becomes effective and runs until the
approval phase begins. The approval phase starts with the initial
submission of an application to market the human drug product and
continues until FDA grants

permission to market the drug product. Although only a portion of a
regulatory review period may count toward the actual amount of
extension that the Director of Patents and Trademarks may award (for
example, half the testing phase must be subtracted as well as any time
that may have occurred before the patent was issued), FDA's
determination of the length of a regulatory review period for a human
drug product will include all of the testing phase and approval phase
as specified in 35 U.S.C. 156(g)(1)(B).
    FDA recently approved for marketing the human drug product
TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE (tapentadol hydrochloride). TAPENTADOL
HYDROCHLORIDE is indicated for the relief of moderate to severe acute
pain in patients 18 years of age or older. Subsequent to this approval,
the Patent and Trademark Office received a patent term restoration
application for TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE (U.S. Patent No. RE 39,593)
from Grunenthal GmbH, and the Patent and Trademark Office requested
FDA's assistance in determining this patent's eligibility for patent
term restoration. In a letter dated February 26, 2009, FDA advised the
Patent and Trademark Office that this human drug product had undergone
a regulatory review period and that the approval of TAPENTADOL
HYDROCHLORIDE represented the first permitted commercial marketing or
use of the product. Thereafter, the Patent and Trademark Office
requested that FDA determine the product's regulatory review period.
    FDA has determined that the applicable regulatory review period for
TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE is 2,880 days. Of this time, 2,577 days
occurred during the testing phase of the regulatory review period,
while 303 days occurred during the approval phase. These periods of
time were derived from the following dates:
    1. The date an exemption under section 505(i) of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act) (21 U.S.C. 355(i)) became effective:
January 3, 2001. FDA has verified the applicant's claim that the date
the investigational new drug application became effective was on
January 3, 2001.
    2. The date the application was initially submitted with respect to
the human drug product under section 505(b) of the act: January 23,
2008. FDA has verified the applicant's claim that the new drug
application (NDA) 22-304 was submitted on January 23, 2008, as the date
the NDA for TAPENTADOL HYDROCHLORIDE (NDA 22-304) was initially
submitted.
    3. The date the application was approved: November 20, 2008. FDA
has verified the applicant's claim that NDA 22-304 was approved on
November 20, 2008.
    This determination of the regulatory review period establishes the
maximum potential length of a patent extension. However, the U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office applies several statutory limitations in
its calculations of the actual period for patent extension. In its
application for patent extension, this applicant seeks 1,492 days of
patent term extension.
    Anyone with knowledge that any of the dates as published are
incorrect may submit to the Division of Dockets Management (see
ADDRESSES) written or electronic comments and ask for a redetermination
by November 2, 2009. Furthermore, any interested person may petition
FDA for a determination regarding whether the applicant for extension
acted with due diligence during the regulatory review period by March
1, 2010. To meet its burden, the petition must contain sufficient facts
to merit an FDA investigation. (See H. Rept. 857, part 1, 98th Cong.,
2d sess., pp. 41-42, 1984.) Petitions should be in the format specified
in 21 CFR 10.30.
    Comments and petitions should be submitted to the Division of
Dockets Management. Three copies of any mailed information are to be
submitted, except that individuals may submit one copy. Comments are to
be identified with the docket number found in brackets in the heading
of this document. Comments and petitions may be seen in the Division of
Dockets Management between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday.

    Dated: June 8, 2009.
Jane A. Axelrad,
Associate Director for Policy, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
[FR Doc. E9-21100 Filed 8-31-09; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 4160-01-S


                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   1

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                        Model Information

                      Data Set                     NEWMETA.ROBCON
                      Dependent Variable           lnWTP
                      Covariance Structure         Unstructured
                      Subject Effect               auth_id
                      Estimation Method            ML
                      Residual Variance Method     Profile
                      Fixed Effects SE Method      Empirical
                      Degrees of Freedom Method    Containment

                                      Class Level Information

                        Class      Levels    Values

                        auth_id        45    1004 1017 1031 1041 1063 1070
                                             1085 1097 1100 1114 1128 1145
                                             1160 1168 1177 1207 1226 1245
                                             1246 1251 1252 1254 1262 1278
                                             1287 1295 1310 1311 1312 1317
                                             1395 1405 1423 1445 1461 1472
                                             1512 1553 1554 1787 1922 2000
                                             2001 2002 2003

                                            Dimensions

                                Covariance Parameters             2
                                Columns in X                     27
                                Columns in Z Per Subject          1
                                Subjects                         45
                                Max Obs Per Subject              12

                                      Number of Observations

                            Number of Observations Read             120
                            Number of Observations Used             115
                            Number of Observations Not Used           5

                                         Iteration History

                    Iteration    Evaluations        -2 Log Like       Criterion

                            0              1<PHONE_NUMBER>2
                            1              4<PHONE_NUMBER>2      0.00000000
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   2

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                    Convergence criteria met.

                                  Covariance Parameter Estimates

                                 Cov Parm     Subject    Estimate

                                 UN(1,1)      auth_id     6.1E-20
                                 Residual                  0.1876

                                          Fit Statistics

                               -2 Log Likelihood               133.9
                               AIC (smaller is better)         189.9
                               AICC (smaller is better)        208.8
                               BIC (smaller is better)         240.5

                                 Null Model Likelihood Ratio Test

                                   DF    Chi-Square      Pr > ChiSq

                                    0          0.00          1.0000

                                    Solution for Fixed Effects

                                              Standard
              Effect              Estimate       Error      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

              Intercept             5.7109      0.9352      25       6.11      <.0001
              year_indx           -0.08043     0.01482      63      -5.43      <.0001
              discrete             -0.1248      0.2230      63      -0.56      0.5776
              volunt               -1.3233      0.1653      63      -8.01      <.0001
              nonparam             -0.6698      0.1434      63      -4.67      <.0001
              INCOME              2.698E-6    3.902E-6      63       0.69      0.4919
              ladder_study         -0.3275      0.2692      63      -1.22      0.2284
              OUTLIER_BIDS         -0.8837      0.2855      63      -3.10      0.0029
              single_river         -0.4279      0.1412      63      -3.03      0.0035
              single_lake         -0.06316      0.2386      63      -0.26      0.7921
              multiple_river       -1.4752      0.3540      63      -4.17      <.0001
              regional_fresh        0.1588      0.1505      63       1.06      0.2955
              salt_pond             0.9849      0.3580      63       2.75      0.0078
              num_rivers_ponds      0.1173     0.02806      63       4.18      <.0001
              mr                   -0.8846      0.1832      63      -4.83      <.0001
              mp                    1.6337      0.2980      63       5.48      <.0001
              nonusers             -0.4036      0.1314      63      -3.07      0.0031
              allmult              -0.3728      0.1644      63      -2.27      0.0268
              nonspec              -0.4042      0.1731      63      -2.34      0.0227
              lnquality_ch          0.4065      0.1488      63       2.73      0.0082
              fish_use             -0.3317      0.1291      63      -2.57      0.0126
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   3

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                    Solution for Fixed Effects

                                              Standard
              Effect              Estimate       Error      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

              fishplus              0.4432      0.1820      63       2.43      0.0177
              lnbase               0.02610      0.1183      63       0.22      0.8261
              mail                 -0.2013      0.1466      63      -1.37      0.1746
              lump_sum              0.5569      0.2387      63       2.33      0.0228
              non_reviewed         -0.2718      0.1625      63      -1.67      0.0993
              median_WTP           -0.5358      0.1875      63      -2.86      0.0058

                                    Solution for Random Effects

                                                 Std Err
            Effect       auth_id    Estimate        Pred      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

            Intercept    1004              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1017              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1031              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1041              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1063              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1070              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1085              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1097              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1100              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1114              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1128              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1145              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1160              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1168              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1177              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1207              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1226              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1245              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1246              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1251              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1252              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1254              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1262              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1278              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1287              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1295              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1310              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1311              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1312              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1317              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1395              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1405              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1423              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1445              0           .       .        .         .
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   4

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                    Solution for Random Effects

                                                 Std Err
            Effect       auth_id    Estimate        Pred      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

            Intercept    1461              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1472              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1512              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1553              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1554              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1787              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1922              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2000              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2001              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2002              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2003              0           .       .        .         .

                                   Type 3 Tests of Fixed Effects

                                            Num     Den
                       Effect                DF      DF    F Value    Pr > F

                       year_indx              1      63      29.45    <.0001
                       discrete               1      63       0.31    0.5776
                       volunt                 1      63      64.09    <.0001
                       nonparam               1      63      21.82    <.0001
                       INCOME                 1      63       0.48    0.4919
                       ladder_study           1      63       1.48    0.2284
                       OUTLIER_BIDS           1      63       9.58    0.0029
                       single_river           1      63       9.19    0.0035
                       single_lake            1      63       0.07    0.7921
                       multiple_river         1      63      17.37    <.0001
                       regional_fresh         1      63       1.11    0.2955
                       salt_pond              1      63       7.57    0.0078
                       num_rivers_ponds       1      63      17.47    <.0001
                       mr                     1      63      23.31    <.0001
                       mp                     1      63      30.05    <.0001
                       nonusers               1      63       9.43    0.0031
                       allmult                1      63       5.14    0.0268
                       nonspec                1      63       5.45    0.0227
                       lnquality_ch           1      63       7.46    0.0082
                       fish_use               1      63       6.60    0.0126
                       fishplus               1      63       5.93    0.0177
                       lnbase                 1      63       0.05    0.8261
                       mail                   1      63       1.89    0.1746
                       lump_sum               1      63       5.45    0.0228
                       non_reviewed           1      63       2.80    0.0993
                       median_WTP             1      63       8.16    0.0058
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   5

                                Obs    Effect              Estimate

                                  1    Intercept             5.7109
                                  2    year_indx           -0.08043
                                  3    discrete             -0.1248
                                  4    volunt               -1.3233
                                  5    nonparam             -0.6698
                                  6    INCOME              2.698E-6
                                  7    ladder_study         -0.3275
                                  8    OUTLIER_BIDS         -0.8837
                                  9    single_river         -0.4279
                                 10    single_lake         -0.06316
                                 11    multiple_river       -1.4752
                                 12    regional_fresh        0.1588
                                 13    salt_pond             0.9849
                                 14    num_rivers_ponds      0.1173
                                 15    mr                   -0.8846
                                 16    mp                    1.6337
                                 17    nonusers             -0.4036
                                 18    allmult              -0.3728
                                 19    nonspec              -0.4042
                                 20    lnquality_ch          0.4065
                                 21    fish_use             -0.3317
                                 22    fishplus              0.4432
                                 23    lnbase               0.02610
                                 24    mail                 -0.2013
                                 25    lump_sum              0.5569
                                 26    non_reviewed         -0.2718
                                 27    median_WTP           -0.5358
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   6

                           year_                                      ladder_ OUTLIER_  single_
 Obs  _NAME_  Intercept     indx discrete   volunt nonparam   INCOME    study   BIDS      river

  1  Estimate   5.7109  -0.08043  -0.1248  -1.3233  -0.6698 2.698E-6  -0.3275  -0.8837  -0.4279

      single_  multiple_  regional_     salt_  num_rivers_
 Obs     lake    river      fresh        pond     ponds           mr        mp  nonusers   allmult

  1  -0.06316   -1.4752     0.1588     0.9849     0.1173     -0.8846    1.6337   -0.4036   -0.3728

               lnquality_                                                      non_     median_
 Obs  nonspec      ch      fish_use  fishplus    lnbase      mail  lump_sum  reviewed       WTP

  1   -0.4042     0.4065    -0.3317    0.4432   0.02610   -0.2013    0.5569   -0.2718   -0.5358
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   7

                  year_                                      ladder_ OUTLIER_  single_  single_
 Obs Intercept     indx discrete   volunt nonparam   INCOME    study   BIDS      river     lake

  1    5.7109  -0.08043  -0.1248  -1.3233  -0.6698 2.698E-6  -0.3275  -0.8837  -0.4279 -0.06316

     multiple_  regional_     salt_  num_rivers_
 Obs   river      fresh        pond     ponds           mr        mp  nonusers   allmult   nonspec

  1   -1.4752     0.1588     0.9849     0.1173     -0.8846    1.6337   -0.4036   -0.3728   -0.4042

     lnquality_                                                            non_      median_
 Obs     ch       fish_use   fishplus     lnbase       mail   lump_sum   reviewed        WTP

  1     0.4065     -0.3317     0.4432    0.02610    -0.2013     0.5569    -0.2718    -0.5358
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   8

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                        Model Information

                      Data Set                     NEWMETA.ROBCON_2
                      Dependent Variable           lnWTP
                      Covariance Structure         Unstructured
                      Subject Effect               auth_id
                      Estimation Method            ML
                      Residual Variance Method     Profile
                      Fixed Effects SE Method      Empirical
                      Degrees of Freedom Method    Containment

                                      Class Level Information

                        Class      Levels    Values

                        auth_id        45    1004 1017 1031 1041 1063 1070
                                             1085 1097 1100 1114 1128 1145
                                             1160 1168 1177 1207 1226 1245
                                             1246 1251 1252 1254 1262 1278
                                             1287 1295 1310 1311 1312 1317
                                             1395 1405 1423 1445 1461 1472
                                             1512 1553 1554 1787 1922 2000
                                             2001 2002 2003

                                            Dimensions

                                Covariance Parameters             2
                                Columns in X                     27
                                Columns in Z Per Subject          1
                                Subjects                         45
                                Max Obs Per Subject              12

                                      Number of Observations

                            Number of Observations Read             120
                            Number of Observations Used             115
                            Number of Observations Not Used           5

                                         Iteration History

                    Iteration    Evaluations        -2 Log Like       Criterion

                            0              1<PHONE_NUMBER>2
                            1              4<PHONE_NUMBER>2      0.00000000
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009   9

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                    Convergence criteria met.

                                  Covariance Parameter Estimates

                                 Cov Parm     Subject    Estimate

                                 UN(1,1)      auth_id     6.1E-20
                                 Residual                  0.1876

                             Asymptotic Covariance Matrix of Estimates

                              Row    Cov Parm        CovP1       CovP2

                                1    UN(1,1)
                                2    Residual                 0.000612

                                          Fit Statistics

                               -2 Log Likelihood               133.9
                               AIC (smaller is better)         189.9
                               AICC (smaller is better)        208.8
                               BIC (smaller is better)         240.5

                                 Null Model Likelihood Ratio Test

                                   DF    Chi-Square      Pr > ChiSq

                                    0          0.00          1.0000

                                    Solution for Fixed Effects

                                              Standard
              Effect              Estimate       Error      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

              Intercept             5.7109      0.9352      25       6.11      <.0001
              year_indx           -0.08043     0.01482      63      -5.43      <.0001
              discrete             -0.1248      0.2230      63      -0.56      0.5776
              volunt               -1.3233      0.1653      63      -8.01      <.0001
              nonparam             -0.6698      0.1434      63      -4.67      <.0001
              INCOME              2.698E-6    3.902E-6      63       0.69      0.4919
              ladder_study         -0.3275      0.2692      63      -1.22      0.2284
              OUTLIER_BIDS         -0.8837      0.2855      63      -3.10      0.0029
              single_river         -0.4279      0.1412      63      -3.03      0.0035
              single_lake         -0.06316      0.2386      63      -0.26      0.7921
              multiple_river       -1.4752      0.3540      63      -4.17      <.0001
              regional_fresh        0.1588      0.1505      63       1.06      0.2955
              salt_pond             0.9849      0.3580      63       2.75      0.0078
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  10

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                    Solution for Fixed Effects

                                              Standard
              Effect              Estimate       Error      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

              num_rivers_ponds      0.1173     0.02806      63       4.18      <.0001
              mr                   -0.8846      0.1832      63      -4.83      <.0001
              mp                    1.6337      0.2980      63       5.48      <.0001
              nonusers             -0.4036      0.1314      63      -3.07      0.0031
              allmult              -0.3728      0.1644      63      -2.27      0.0268
              nonspec              -0.4042      0.1731      63      -2.34      0.0227
              lnquality_ch          0.4065      0.1488      63       2.73      0.0082
              fish_use             -0.3317      0.1291      63      -2.57      0.0126
              fishplus              0.4432      0.1820      63       2.43      0.0177
              lnbase               0.02610      0.1183      63       0.22      0.8261
              mail                 -0.2013      0.1466      63      -1.37      0.1746
              lump_sum              0.5569      0.2387      63       2.33      0.0228
              non_reviewed         -0.2718      0.1625      63      -1.67      0.0993
              median_WTP           -0.5358      0.1875      63      -2.86      0.0058

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

    Row  Effect                Col1      Col2      Col3      Col4      Col5      Col6      Col7

      1  Intercept           0.8746  -0.00890  -0.03518  -0.00819  -0.05908  -1.83E-6   -0.1944

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

   Row      Col8      Col9     Col10     Col11     Col12     Col13     Col14     Col15     Col16

     1  -0.06113  0.000725   0.01692  -0.07074  -0.03642    0.1565  0.001285    0.1105   0.01600

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

   Row     Col17     Col18     Col19     Col20     Col21     Col22     Col23     Col24     Col25

     1  -0.00653  -0.00082   0.02250  -0.08039   0.04699  -0.01592  -0.09461  -0.00279   0.02461

                                       Empirical Covariance
                                     Matrix for Fixed Effects

                                     Row     Col26       Col27

                                       1   0.03740    -0.04969
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  11

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

    Row  Effect                Col1      Col2      Col3      Col4      Col5      Col6      Col7

      2  year_indx         -0.00890  0.000220  -0.00016  0.000542  0.001055  1.804E-8  0.003094
      3  discrete          -0.03518  -0.00016   0.04972  0.005891   0.01346  1.045E-7   0.02268
      4  volunt            -0.00819  0.000542  0.005891   0.02732  0.009303  -1.37E-7   0.01037
      5  nonparam          -0.05908  0.001055   0.01346  0.009303   0.02056  2.162E-7   0.02669
      6  INCOME            -1.83E-6  1.804E-8  1.045E-7  -1.37E-7  2.162E-7  1.52E-11  5.743E-7
      7  ladder_study       -0.1944  0.003094   0.02268   0.01037   0.02669  5.743E-7   0.07249
      8  OUTLIER_BIDS      -0.06113  -0.00007   0.01580  -0.00931  0.001179  1.897E-7  0.005147
      9  single_river      0.000725  -0.00034  -0.00924  -0.00712  -0.01070  -3.23E-8  -0.01175
     10  single_lake        0.01692  -0.00079  0.005332  0.006631  0.000258  1.949E-8  -0.00862
     11  multiple_river    -0.07074  0.002157  0.005516   0.02436   0.01879  1.353E-7   0.03160
     12  regional_fresh    -0.03642  -0.00057  -0.00919  -0.00353  -0.00745  -5.77E-8  -0.01068
     13  salt_pond           0.1565  -0.00237  -0.02161  0.001859  -0.03525  -9.44E-7  -0.07015
     14  num_rivers_ponds  0.001285  -0.00007  0.001031  -0.00154  -0.00028  1.424E-8  0.000102
     15  mr                  0.1105  -0.00133  -0.00482  0.001373  -0.01179  -4.16E-7  -0.03073
     16  mp                 0.01600  -0.00022  -0.03722  0.006135  -0.00385  -1.56E-8  -0.00616
     17  nonusers          -0.00653  -0.00040  -0.00158  -0.00221  -0.00604  1.383E-7  -0.00197
     18  allmult           -0.00082  -0.00001  0.001745  0.006629  0.002742  -9.17E-8  0.000094
     19  nonspec            0.02250  -0.00039  -0.01789  0.002578  -0.01465  -2.37E-7  -0.01729
     20  lnquality_ch      -0.08039  0.000613  -0.00138  -0.00071  0.000117  -5.61E-8  0.009886
     21  fish_use           0.04699  -0.00041  -0.00922  0.002351  -0.00340  -9.98E-8  -0.00913
     22  fishplus          -0.01592  0.000541  0.003278  -0.00037  0.002432  7.098E-9   0.01069
     23  lnbase            -0.09461  0.000976  0.005062  0.003360  0.008472  1.885E-7   0.02178
     24  mail              -0.00279  -0.00012  0.004501  -0.00458  0.004975  1.268E-7  0.009529
     25  lump_sum           0.02461  -0.00064  -0.02965  -0.00826  -0.01691  -1.06E-7  -0.02637
     26  non_reviewed       0.03740  -0.00043  -0.02153  -0.00117  -0.01064  -9.03E-8  -0.01271
     27  median_WTP        -0.04969  0.001701  -0.00561  0.003406  0.006125  7.882E-8   0.02208

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

   Row      Col8      Col9     Col10     Col11     Col12     Col13     Col14     Col15     Col16

     2  -0.00007  -0.00034  -0.00079  0.002157  -0.00057  -0.00237  -0.00007  -0.00133  -0.00022
     3   0.01580  -0.00924  0.005332  0.005516  -0.00919  -0.02161  0.001031  -0.00482  -0.03722
     4  -0.00931  -0.00712  0.006631   0.02436  -0.00353  0.001859  -0.00154  0.001373  0.006135
     5  0.001179  -0.01070  0.000258   0.01879  -0.00745  -0.03525  -0.00028  -0.01179  -0.00385
     6  1.897E-7  -3.23E-8  1.949E-8  1.353E-7  -5.77E-8  -9.44E-7  1.424E-8  -4.16E-7  -1.56E-8
     7  0.005147  -0.01175  -0.00862   0.03160  -0.01068  -0.07015  0.000102  -0.03073  -0.00616
     8   0.08151  -0.00164  -0.00875  -0.01236  0.003785  -0.01163  0.002141  -0.01797  -0.02075
     9  -0.00164   0.01993  0.005106  0.001981   0.01088   0.02258  -0.00048  0.003902  -0.01129
    10  -0.00875  0.005106   0.05694  0.009107  0.008208   0.01621  -0.00069  0.005361  -0.02705
    11  -0.01236  0.001981  0.009107    0.1253  -0.00696  -0.00284  -0.00848  -0.00503  -0.01067
    12  0.003785   0.01088  0.008208  -0.00696   0.02265   0.01801  -0.00007  -0.00564  0.006653
    13  -0.01163   0.02258   0.01621  -0.00284   0.01801    0.1282  -0.00223   0.04110  -0.01084
    14  0.002141  -0.00048  -0.00069  -0.00848  -0.00007  -0.00223  0.000788  -0.00090  -0.00079
    15  -0.01797  0.003902  0.005361  -0.00503  -0.00564   0.04110  -0.00090   0.03357  -0.00114
    16  -0.02075  -0.01129  -0.02705  -0.01067  0.006653  -0.01084  -0.00079  -0.00114   0.08882
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  12

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

   Row      Col8      Col9     Col10     Col11     Col12     Col13     Col14     Col15     Col16

    17  0.003909  0.002059  -0.00427  -0.00994  0.001972  -0.00109  0.000073  0.001087   0.01286
    18  0.003401  -0.00520   0.02080   0.01114  0.001235  0.009171  -0.00055  0.003855  -0.01119
    19  -0.01309  0.002421  0.000843  -0.00439  0.006796   0.03376  -0.00121   0.01607   0.02308
    20  -0.01309  0.006443  0.001246  0.006652  0.007537  0.006278  -0.00089  0.001009  -0.00591
    21  -0.00464  -0.00623  -0.00670  -0.00051  -0.00158  0.006384  -0.00017  0.006032   0.02280
    22  -0.00266  -0.01262  0.001739   0.01482  -0.00395  -0.00223  -0.00060  0.000848  0.006369
    23  0.004247  -0.00198  -0.00100  0.005347  0.004785  -0.02117  -0.00011  -0.01671  0.000124
    24  0.005563  -0.00735  -0.01232  -0.01394  -0.00544  -0.02714  0.001446  -0.00070   0.01512
    25  0.009165   0.01384  -0.02400  -0.01517   0.01176   0.03446  0.000177  0.006683   0.02847
    26  -0.02307  0.004441  0.001097  0.001512  0.005410   0.01220  -0.00137  0.009492   0.02839
    27  -0.02408  0.001138  -0.00425   0.02212  -0.00937  -0.01272  -0.00145  -0.00135  -0.00232

                           Empirical Covariance Matrix for Fixed Effects

   Row     Col17     Col18     Col19     Col20     Col21     Col22     Col23     Col24     Col25

     2  -0.00040  -0.00001  -0.00039  0.000613  -0.00041  0.000541  0.000976  -0.00012  -0.00064
     3  -0.00158  0.001745  -0.01789  -0.00138  -0.00922  0.003278  0.005062  0.004501  -0.02965
     4  -0.00221  0.006629  0.002578  -0.00071  0.002351  -0.00037  0.003360  -0.00458  -0.00826
     5  -0.00604  0.002742  -0.01465  0.000117  -0.00340  0.002432  0.008472  0.004975  -0.01691
     6  1.383E-7  -9.17E-8  -2.37E-7  -5.61E-8  -9.98E-8  7.098E-9  1.885E-7  1.268E-7  -1.06E-7
     7  -0.00197  0.000094  -0.01729  0.009886  -0.00913   0.01069   0.02178  0.009529  -0.02637
     8  0.003909  0.003401  -0.01309  -0.01309  -0.00464  -0.00266  0.004247  0.005563  0.009165
     9  0.002059  -0.00520  0.002421  0.006443  -0.00623  -0.01262  -0.00198  -0.00735   0.01384
    10  -0.00427   0.02080  0.000843  0.001246  -0.00670  0.001739  -0.00100  -0.01232  -0.02400
    11  -0.00994   0.01114  -0.00439  0.006652  -0.00051   0.01482  0.005347  -0.01394  -0.01517
    12  0.001972  0.001235  0.006796  0.007537  -0.00158  -0.00395  0.004785  -0.00544   0.01176
    13  -0.00109  0.009171   0.03376  0.006278  0.006384  -0.00223  -0.02117  -0.02714   0.03446
    14  0.000073  -0.00055  -0.00121  -0.00089  -0.00017  -0.00060  -0.00011  0.001446  0.000177
    15  0.001087  0.003855   0.01607  0.001009  0.006032  0.000848  -0.01671  -0.00070  0.006683
    16   0.01286  -0.01119   0.02308  -0.00591   0.02280  0.006369  0.000124   0.01512   0.02847
    17   0.01727  -0.00547  0.007857  -0.00358  -0.00002  -0.00496  0.001589  0.002489  0.008550
    18  -0.00547   0.02703  0.007309  -0.00113  0.006869   0.01556  -0.00166  -0.00108  -0.01702
    19  0.007857  0.007309   0.02996  0.004119   0.01110   0.01018  -0.00510  -0.00292   0.01389
    20  -0.00358  -0.00113  0.004119   0.02215  -0.00700  0.000494  0.006536  -0.00471  0.001031
    21  -0.00002  0.006869   0.01110  -0.00700   0.01668   0.01145  -0.00737  0.007790  0.003223
    22  -0.00496   0.01556   0.01018  0.000494   0.01145   0.03313  -0.00192  0.003178  -0.01121
    23  0.001589  -0.00166  -0.00510  0.006536  -0.00737  -0.00192   0.01400  -0.00238  -0.00535
    24  0.002489  -0.00108  -0.00292  -0.00471  0.007790  0.003178  -0.00238   0.02149  -0.00559
    25  0.008550  -0.01702   0.01389  0.001031  0.003223  -0.01121  -0.00535  -0.00559   0.05695
    26  0.005107  0.000705   0.01702  0.001603   0.01092  0.004441  -0.00607  0.003279  0.003724
    27  -0.00279  -0.00392  -0.00063   0.01104  -0.00531  0.000972  0.005380  -0.00486  -0.00968

                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  13

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                       Empirical Covariance
                                     Matrix for Fixed Effects

                                     Row     Col26       Col27

                                       2  -0.00043    0.001701
                                       3  -0.02153    -0.00561
                                       4  -0.00117    0.003406
                                       5  -0.01064    0.006125
                                       6  -9.03E-8    7.882E-8
                                       7  -0.01271     0.02208
                                       8  -0.02307    -0.02408
                                       9  0.004441    0.001138
                                      10  0.001097    -0.00425
                                      11  0.001512     0.02212
                                      12  0.005410    -0.00937
                                      13   0.01220    -0.01272
                                      14  -0.00137    -0.00145
                                      15  0.009492    -0.00135
                                      16   0.02839    -0.00232
                                      17  0.005107    -0.00279
                                      18  0.000705    -0.00392
                                      19   0.01702    -0.00063
                                      20  0.001603     0.01104
                                      21   0.01092    -0.00531
                                      22  0.004441    0.000972
                                      23  -0.00607    0.005380
                                      24  0.003279    -0.00486
                                      25  0.003724    -0.00968
                                      26   0.02639    0.003322
                                      27  0.003322     0.03517

                                    Solution for Random Effects

                                                 Std Err
            Effect       auth_id    Estimate        Pred      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

            Intercept    1004              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1017              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1031              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1041              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1063              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1070              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1085              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1097              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1100              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1114              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1128              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1145              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1160              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1168              0           .       .        .         .
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  14

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                    Solution for Random Effects

                                                 Std Err
            Effect       auth_id    Estimate        Pred      DF    t Value    Pr > |t|

            Intercept    1177              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1207              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1226              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1245              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1246              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1251              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1252              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1254              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1262              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1278              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1287              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1295              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1310              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1311              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1312              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1317              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1395              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1405              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1423              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1445              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1461              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1472              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1512              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1553              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1554              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1787              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    1922              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2000              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2001              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2002              0           .       .        .         .
            Intercept    2003              0           .       .        .         .

                                   Type 3 Tests of Fixed Effects

                                            Num     Den
                       Effect                DF      DF    F Value    Pr > F

                       year_indx              1      63      29.45    <.0001
                       discrete               1      63       0.31    0.5776
                       volunt                 1      63      64.09    <.0001
                       nonparam               1      63      21.82    <.0001
                       INCOME                 1      63       0.48    0.4919
                       ladder_study           1      63       1.48    0.2284
                       OUTLIER_BIDS           1      63       9.58    0.0029
                       single_river           1      63       9.19    0.0035
                       single_lake            1      63       0.07    0.7921
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  15

                                        The Mixed Procedure

                                   Type 3 Tests of Fixed Effects

                                            Num     Den
                       Effect                DF      DF    F Value    Pr > F

                       multiple_river         1      63      17.37    <.0001
                       regional_fresh         1      63       1.11    0.2955
                       salt_pond              1      63       7.57    0.0078
                       num_rivers_ponds       1      63      17.47    <.0001
                       mr                     1      63      23.31    <.0001
                       mp                     1      63      30.05    <.0001
                       nonusers               1      63       9.43    0.0031
                       allmult                1      63       5.14    0.0268
                       nonspec                1      63       5.45    0.0227
                       lnquality_ch           1      63       7.46    0.0082
                       fish_use               1      63       6.60    0.0126
                       fishplus               1      63       5.93    0.0177
                       lnbase                 1      63       0.05    0.8261
                       mail                   1      63       1.89    0.1746
                       lump_sum               1      63       5.45    0.0228
                       non_reviewed           1      63       2.80    0.0993
                       median_WTP             1      63       8.16    0.0058
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  16

                  year_                                      ladder_ OUTLIER_  single_  single_
 Obs Intercept     indx discrete   volunt nonparam   INCOME    study   BIDS      river     lake

  1    5.7109  -0.08043  -0.1248  -1.3233  -0.6698 2.698E-6  -0.3275  -0.8837  -0.4279 -0.06316

     multiple_  regional_     salt_  num_rivers_
 Obs   river      fresh        pond     ponds           mr        mp  nonusers   allmult   nonspec

  1   -1.4752     0.1588     0.9849     0.1173     -0.8846    1.6337   -0.4036   -0.3728   -0.4042

     lnquality_                                                            non_      median_
 Obs     ch       fish_use   fishplus     lnbase       mail   lump_sum   reviewed        WTP

  1     0.4065     -0.3317     0.4432    0.02610    -0.2013     0.5569    -0.2718    -0.5358
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  17

                                        The MODEL Procedure

NOTE: Values for all of the 27 parameters in the model were read from the PARMSDATA=BOOT2TR data
      set.

                                        Parameter Settings

                                   intercept           5.710917
                                   year_indx           -0.08043
                                   discrete            -0.12483
                                   volunt              -1.32328
                                   nonparam            -0.66975
                                   income              2.698E-6
                                   ladder_study        -0.32749
                                   outlier_bids        -0.88372
                                   single_river        -0.42792
                                   single_lake         -0.06316
                                   multiple_river      -1.47521
                                   regional_fresh      0.158776
                                   salt_pond            0.98487
                                   num_rivers_ponds    0.117303
                                   mr                  -0.88457
                                   mp                  1.633701
                                   nonusers            -0.40363
                                   allmult             -0.37279
                                   nonspec             -0.40424
                                   lnquality_ch        0.406512
                                   fish_use            -0.33169
                                   fishplus            0.443232
                                   lnbase                0.0261
                                   mail                -0.20131
                                   lump_sum            0.556928
                                   non_reviewed        -0.27182
                                   median_WTP          -0.53575
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  18

                                        The MODEL Procedure

                                          Model Summary

                                    Model Variables         27
                                    Parameters              27
                                    Equations               27
                                    Number of Statements    27

   Model Variables  a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 a15
                    a16 a17 a18 a19 a20 a21 a22 a23 a24 a25 a26 a27
 Parameters(Value)  intercept(5.7109172742) year_indx(-0.080432554) discrete(-0.124827951)
                    volunt(-1.323276929) nonparam(-0.669751797) income(2.6976685E-6)
                    ladder_study(-0.327490299) outlier_bids(-0.883717183)
                    single_river(-0.427917854) single_lake(-0.063159141)
                    multiple_river(-1.47521449) regional_fresh(0.1587758407)
                    salt_pond(0.9848700459) num_rivers_ponds(0.1173029891) mr(-0.884565067)
                    mp(1.633700551) nonusers(-0.403633614) allmult(-0.372786316)
                    nonspec(-0.404240487) lnquality_ch(0.4065123858) fish_use(-0.331694528)
                    fishplus(0.4432319802) lnbase(0.0260995136) mail(-0.201310504)
                    lump_sum(0.5569281118) non_reviewed(-0.271820763) median_WTP(-0.535754181)
         Equations  a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 a15
                    a16 a17 a18 a19 a20 a21 a22 a23 a24 a25 a26 a27
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  19

                                        The MODEL Procedure
                                      Simultaneous Simulation

NOTE: Variables for only 26 of the 27 parameters were found in the ESTDATA=BOOTCOV3 data set.
The following parameters were found:
intercept
year_indx
discrete
volunt
nonparam
income
ladder_study
outlier_bids
single_river
single_lake
multiple_river
regional_fresh
salt_pond
num_rivers_ponds
mr
mp
nonusers
allmult
lnquality_ch
fish_use
fishplus
lnbase
mail
lump_sum
non_reviewed
median_WTP
                                          The SAS System        11:19 Monday, November 23, 2009  20

                                        The MODEL Procedure
                                      Simultaneous Simulation

                                         Data Set Options

                                       DATA=       ONEOBS
                                       ESTDATA=    BOOTCOV3
                                       OUT=        BOOTWTP

                                         Solution Summary

                                  Variables Solved             27
                                  Random Replications       10000
                                  Seed                        123
                                  Solution Method          NEWTON
                                  CONVERGE=                  1E-8
                                  Maximum CC             6.63E-15
                                  Maximum Iterations            1
                                  Total Iterations          10001
                                  Average Iterations            1

                                       Observations Processed

                                          Read          1
                                          Solved    10001

                                       Variables Solved For

a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6 a7 a8 a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 a15 a16 a17 a18 a19 a20 a21 a22 a23 a24 a25 a26 a27