[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 78 (Monday, April 23, 2012)]
[Notices]
[Page 24199]
[FR Doc No: 2012-9660]

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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

Notice of Staff Attendance at Southwest Power Pool Regional
Entity Trustee, Regional State Committee and Board of Directors
Meetings

    The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission hereby gives notice that
members of its staff may attend the meetings of the Southwest Power
Pool, Inc. (SPP) Regional Entity Trustee (RE), Regional State Committee
(RSC) and Board of Directors, as noted below. Their attendance is part
of the Commission's ongoing outreach efforts.
    All meetings will be held at the Renaissance Oklahoma City, 10
North Broadway Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK 73102. The hotel phone number
is<PHONE_NUMBER>.

SPP RE

April 23, 2012 (8 a.m.-12 p.m.)

SPP RSC

April 23, 2012 (1 p.m.-5 p.m.)

SPP Board of Directors

April 24, 2012 (8 a.m.-3 p.m.)

    The discussions may address matters at issue in the following
proceedings:

Docket No. ER06-451, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER08-1419, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER09-659, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER09-1050, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER10-941, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER11-4105, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-140. Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-430, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-550, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-891, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-1017, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-1018, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-1179, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-1401, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-1402, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. EL12-2, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. EL12-47, Southwest Power Pool, Inc.
Docket No. ER11-3728, Midwest Independent System Operator, Inc.
Docket No. ER12-480, Midwest Independent System Operator, Inc.
Docket No. EL11-34, Midwest Independent System Operator, Inc.

    These meetings are open to the public.
    For more information, contact Patrick Clarey, Office of Energy
Market Regulation, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission at (317) 249-
5937 or<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
    Dated: April 16, 2012.
Kimberly D. Bose,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2012-9660 Filed 4-20-12; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6717-01-P


[Federal Register: August 18, 2010 (Volume 75, Number 159)]
[Notices]
[Page 51031]
[DOCID:fr18au10-77]

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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

[Docket No. CP10-476-000]

Natural Gas Pipeline Company of America LLC; Notice of
Application

August 12, 2010.
    Take notice that on July 30, 2010, Natural Gas Pipeline Company of
America LLC (Natural Gas), 3250 Lacey Road, Suite 700, Downers Grove,
Illinois 60515, filed an application pursuant to section 7(b), and
sections 157.7 and 157.18 of the Commission's regulations under the
Natural Gas Act (NGA) for authorization to: (1) Plug and abandon an
injection and withdrawal (I/W) well and abandon and remove related
meter facilities and cut, cap and retire in place the related lateral
at Natural Gas' Herscher Galesville Storage Reservoir located in
Kankakee County, Illinois; and (2) abandon four I/W wells and abandon
and remove related meter facilities and cut, cap and retire in place
related laterals at Natural Gas' Herscher Mount Simon Storage Reservoir
located in Kankakee County, Illinois, all as more fully set forth in
the application, which is on file with the Commission and open to
public inspection. The filing may also be viewed on the Web at http://
www.ferc.gov using the ``eLibrary'' link. Enter the docket number
excluding the last three digits in the docket number field to access
the document. For assistance, contact FERC at
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or call toll-free,<PHONE_NUMBER> or TTY,
(202) 502-8659.
    Specifically, Natural Gas states that four of the five I/W wells
proposed to be abandoned are to be subsequently converted to
observation wells.
    Any questions regarding the application should be directed to Bruce
Newsome, Vice President, Regulatory Products and Services, Natural Gas
Pipeline Company of America LLC, 3250 Lacey Road, Suite 700, Downers
Grove, Illinois 60515, by telephone at<PHONE_NUMBER>, or by e-mail at
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>    Pursuant to section 157.9 of the Commission's rules, 18 CFR 157.9,
within 90 days of this Notice the Commission staff will either:
Complete its environmental assessment (EA) and place it into the
Commission's public record (eLibrary) for this proceeding; or issue a
Notice of Schedule for Environmental Review. If a Notice of Schedule
for Environmental Review is issued, it will indicate, among other
milestones, the anticipated date for the Commission staff's issuance of
the final environmental impact statement (FEIS) or EA for this
proposal. The filing of the EA in the Commission's public record for
this proceeding or the issuance of a Notice of Schedule for
Environmental Review will serve to notify federal and state agencies of
the timing for the completion of all necessary reviews, and the
subsequent need to complete all federal authorizations within 90 days
of the date of issuance of the Commission staff's FEIS or EA.
    There are two ways to become involved in the Commission's review of
this project. First, any person wishing to obtain legal status by
becoming a party to the proceedings for this project should, on or
before the comment date stated below, file with the Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission, 888 First Street, NE., Washington, DC 20426, a
motion to intervene in accordance with the requirements of the
Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure (18 CFR 385.214 or
385.211) and the Regulations under the NGA (18 CFR 157.10). A person
obtaining party status will be placed on the service list maintained by
the Secretary of the Commission and will receive copies of all
documents filed by the applicant and by all other parties. A party must
submit seven copies of filings made with the Commission and must mail a
copy to the applicant and to every other party in the proceeding. Only
parties to the proceeding can ask for court review of Commission orders
in the proceeding.
    However, a person does not have to intervene in order to have
comments considered. The second way to participate is by filing with
the Secretary of the Commission, as soon as possible, an original and
two copies of comments in support of or in opposition to this project.
The Commission will consider these comments in determining the
appropriate action to be taken, but the filing of a comment alone will
not serve to make the filer a party to the proceeding. The Commission's
rules require that persons filing comments in opposition to the project
provide copies of their protests only to the party or parties directly
involved in the protest.
    Persons who wish to comment only on the environmental review of
this project should submit an original and two copies of their comments
to the Secretary of the Commission. Environmental commentors will be
placed on the Commission's environmental mailing list, will receive
copies of the environmental documents, and will be notified of meetings
associated with the Commission's environmental review process.
Environmental commentors will not be required to serve copies of filed
documents on all other parties. However, the non-party commentors will
not receive copies of all documents filed by other parties or issued by
the Commission (except for the mailing of environmental documents
issued by the Commission) and will not have the right to seek court
review of the Commission's final order.
    The Commission strongly encourages electronic filings of comments,
protests and interventions in lieu of paper using the ``eFiling'' link
at http://www.ferc.gov. Persons unable to file electronically should
submit an original and seven copies of the protest or intervention to
the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 First Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20426.
    This filing is accessible on-line at http://www.ferc.gov, using the
``eLibrary'' link and is available for review in the Commission's
Public Reference Room in Washington, DC. There is an ``eSubscription''
link on the Web site that enables subscribers to receive e-mail
notification when a document is added to a subscribed docket(s). For
assistance with any FERC Online service, please e-mail
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or call<PHONE_NUMBER> (toll free). For
TTY, call<PHONE_NUMBER>.
    Comment Date: September 2, 2010.

Kimberly D. Bose,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2010-20452 Filed 8-17-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6717-01-P


[Federal Register: May 15, 2008 (Volume 73, Number 95)]
[Notices]
[Page 28147]
[DOCID:fr15my08-71]

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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

Federal Emergency Management Agency

[FEMA-1749-DR]

Missouri; Amendment No. 6 to Notice of a Major Disaster
Declaration

AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS.

ACTION: Notice.

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SUMMARY: This notice amends the notice of a major disaster declaration
for the State of Missouri (FEMA-1749-DR), dated March 19, 2008, and
related determinations.

DATES: Effective Date: May 7, 2008.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Peggy Miller, Disaster Assistance
Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C Street, SW.,
Washington, DC 20472,<PHONE_NUMBER>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA) hereby gives notice that pursuant to the authority vested in the
Administrator, under Executive Order 12148, as amended, Michael L. Karl
of FEMA is appointed to act as the Federal Coordinating Officer for
this declared disaster.
    This action terminates my appointment of Michael L. Parker as
Federal Coordinating Officer for this disaster.

(The following Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Numbers (CFDA)
are to be used for reporting and drawing funds: 97.030, Community
Disaster Loans; 97.031, Cora Brown Fund; 97.032, Crisis Counseling;
97.033, Disaster Legal Services; 97.034, Disaster Unemployment
Assistance (DUA); 97.046, Fire Management Assistance Grant; 97.048,
Disaster Housing Assistance to Individuals and Households In
Presidential Declared Disaster Areas; 97.049, Presidential Declared
Disaster Assistance--Disaster Housing Operations for Individuals and
Households; 97.050, Presidential Declared Disaster Assistance to
Individuals and Households--Other Needs; 97.036, Disaster Grants--
Public Assistance (Presidentially Declared Disasters); 97.039,
Hazard Mitigation Grant.)

R. David Paulison,
Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency.
 [FR Doc. E8-10872 Filed 5-14-08; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 9110-10-P


II. B. 5  Page 1 of 12 Appendix II. B. 5 Prepared by: U. S. Environmental Protection Agency II. B. 5  Page 2 of 12 Table of Contents a. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 3 b. Comparison of Submitted Protocols used for the Measurement of Tissue and Blood ChE Activity in Rats ........................................................................................... 3 c. Investigation of Reactivation in Sampling Handling and AChE Analysis ......... 5 d. Summary of Motor Activity Experiments Performed in EPA's Dose Response Experiments ................................................................................................................... 7 e. Summary of Protocol and Preliminary Results of Seven Chemical ( Equipotent) Mixture Experiment ................................................................................. 9 f. References ............................................................................................................ 12 List of Tables Table II. B. 5 1. Comparison of the submitted protocols for the N methyl carbamates used in measuring ChE activity in tissue and blood.................................................. 4 Table II. B. 5 2. Composition of seven chemical mixture with the NMCs.......................... 9 List of Figures Figure II. B. 5 1. Reactivation experiment with oxamyl ..................................................... 6 Figure II. B. 5 2. Plots of motor activity data from NHEERL experiments for seven Nmethyl carbamates ................................................................................................... 8 Figure II. B. 5 3. Brain cholinesterase results from seven chemical equipotent mixture. 10 Figure II. B. 5 4. Comparison of brain cholinesterase from dose response and single dosing in the mixture study..................................................................................... 11 II. B. 5  Page 3 of 12 a. Introduction The following text provides the information mentioned in the Hazard/ RPF chapter of the Preliminary Cumulative Risk Assessment of the NMCs.

The following topics are covered in this Appendix:

information provided in standard operating procedures for the measurement of tissue and blood ChE activity;

investigation of reactivation in sampling handling and AChE analysis during EPA's time course and dose response experiments;

summary of motor activity experiments performed in EPA's dose response experiments and;

summary of protocol and preliminary results of seven chemical ( equipotent) mixture experiment.

b. Comparison of Submitted Protocols used for the Measurement of Tissue and Blood ChE Activity in Rats Table III. B. 5 1 provides a summary of the ChE measurement protocols submitted for registration studies to EPA1. The protocols available at present time indicate that the experimental conditions among laboratories vary but that dilutions are generally limited to approximately 1: 20 and that samples are frozen immediately. A reagent test kit from Boehringer Mannheim was indicated in three of the protocols. The Hitachi 717 was indicated in three protocols. Although information regarding the time of sample handling is more limited, the available information suggests that reasonable precautions were taken in these studies to reduce reactivation prior to analysis.

1 SOPs for pirimicarb were provided to EPA on 7/ 25/ 2005. The evaluation of pirimicarb SOPs will be included in the revised risk assessment. II. B. 5  Page 4 of 12 Table II. B. 5 1. Comparison of the submitted protocols for the N methyl carbamates used in measuring ChE activity in tissue and blood.

SOP Details Methomyl Oxamyl Formetanate Carbofuran Mrids 44487501, 44472001 44254401, 44420301,

44472001 not indicated 45675701 Tissue Rat RBC, tissue Rat RBC, tissue plasma, whole blood,

brain whole blood, plasma or serum, RBC, brain Test kit BMD ChE Reagent Set # 124117 BMD ChE Reagent Set # 124117 BMC ChE kit # 124117 None, Reagent Recipe given Instrument Hitachi 717 Hitachi 717 Hitachi 717 Gilford Instruments System 2600 Anticoagulant EDTA EDTA Heparin EDTA Centrifugation speed speed, time, temp not indicated speed, time, temp not indicated plasma: 800 g 10 minutes 1600 g for 10 min @ 0

5 ° C Centrifuge refrigerated? not indicated not indicated Yes 0 5 ° C Dilution 1: 20 Triton 1: 20 Triton not specified Sorenson's buffer 1: 20 Triton X ( ice cold)

Temp tissue frozen  70C, RBC samples not indicated tissue frozen  70C, RBC samples not indicated not specified stored at  72C until assay; assay at 30C Sample on ice tissue sample snap frozen if not analyzed immediately;

RBC not indicated tissue sample snap frozen if not analyzed immediately;

RBC not indicated yes, record time of sample receipt in lab on ice until delivered to lab; processed samples frozen until analysis Time limitation for sample life not indicated not indicated 2 hrs, time of sample and analysis thawed RBC sample within 30 minutes.

Time of receipt of sample? not indicated not indicated yes record of time at each step in processing # and Time of a sample batch for processing not indicated not indicated 30 max at a time, record of time of steps in process 24 samples in a batch,

~ 1 hr till frozen Time from sample drawn to sample assayed not indicated not indicated max time not indicated RBC: 1 to 7 days II. B. 5  Page 5 of 12 c. Investigation of Reactivation in Sampling Handling and AChE Analysis In response to questions raised by the SAP in February, 2005 concerning the in vitro reactivation of the cholinesterase activity in the samples from the N methyl carbamate treated animals in NHEERL experiments, the Agency conducted a series of experiments.

On March 27, 2004, we conducted the initial assessment of the level of cholinesterase activity in brains from animals treated with different dosages of oxamyl. We used only ½ of the brain ( sectioned down the middle, sagitally) for this assessment. The other ½ of the brain was kept in the  80

C freezer frozen ( without homogenization). About one year later on April 22, 2005, we assessed the activity in the other half of those brains under various conditions:

Is reactivation caused by storage in a freezer for one year? The same conditions were used for this assay as were originally used for cholinesterase activity assessment to determine if storage for a year had caused reactivation of any activity. ( Diluted 1: 3 during homogenization and then immediately analyzed for cholinesterase activity using the radiometric assay).

 Is reactivation promoted by dilution of the homogenate? The homogenate ( 1: 3 dilution) was immediately diluted again to create a total dilution of 1: 9 and the cholinesterase activity was assessed using the radiometric assay. This was to determine the effect of dilution on the reactivation of carbamate inhibited cholinesterase activity.

 Is reactivation promoted by allowing the tissues sit on ice for 1.5 hours? The homogenate 1: 3 was allowed to sit on ice for 1.5 hours before assessment of activity. This was to determine the effect of time on the reactivation of carbamateinhibited cholinesterase activity.

 Is reactivation possible in these tissues? The homogenate ( 1: 3) was subjected to a marked dilution ( 1: 40) and increase in temperature ( 37

C) to measure the amount of reactivation that was possible in these samples over a period of 12 minutes.

The results of all four of these experiments are presented in Figure II. B. 5 1 below. Storage of the tissue in the freezer for one year before analysis did not appear to differ from the original dose response assessment. Allowing the homogenized tissue to sit for 1.5 hours before analysis produced slight (  5%) reactivation in the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ kg dosage groups, but no reactivation in the highest ( 1.5 mg/ kg) dosage group. Dilution of the tissue, however, had much more of an effect on the level of cholinesterase reactivation with a 7 10% increase in activity, especially at the dosage groups with more inhibition). Therefore it has to be assumed that this level of reactivation does occur during the initial 1: 3 homogenization, but is unavoidable as the homogenization process is necessary for further handling of the tissue. Finally, if the carbamate inhibited tissue is encouraged to reactivate by substantial dilution of the II. B. 5  Page 6 of 12 tissue and increases in temperature, one can see a progressive gaining of cholinesterase activity in all dosage groups that exhibited cholinesterase inhibition.

Figure II. B. 5 1. Reactivation experiment with oxamyl OXAMYL REACTIVATION Reactivation Time ( minutes) 2 4 6 8 10 12 Brain Cholinesterase Activity % CONTROL 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Control 0.0666 mg/ kg 0.1 mg/ kg 0.5 mg/ kg 1.0 mg/ kg 1.5 mg/ kg Original 3/ 27/ 04 1: 3 immediately ( 4/ 22/ 05) 1: 3, 1.5 hr wait ( 4/ 22/ 05) 1: 9 immediately ( 4/ 22/ 05) II. B. 5  Page 7 of 12 d. Summary of Motor Activity Experiments Performed in EPA's Dose Response Experiments As part of EPA's dose response studies, the acute neurobehavioral effects of N methyl carbamate insecticides have been systematically compared. The results of neurobehavioral effects have been compared graphically to the results of AChE measurements. The use of an automated assessment of motor activity along with ChE activity measurements allows a functional outcome that can be directly related to the ChE inhibition in RBC and brain. The results presented below were presented at the March, 2005 meeting of the Society of Toxicology ( Moser et al, 2005).

We evaluated all seven N methyl carbamates as described in USEPA, 2005. Adult male Long Evans rats ( n= 10/ dose) were dosed by oral gavage with either carbaryl ( 3 50 mg/ kg), propoxur ( 0.3 20 mg/ kg), oxamyl ( 0.07 1.5 mg/ kg), methomyl ( 0.1 2.5 mg/ kg), methiocarb ( 0.5 25 mg/ kg), formetanate ( 0.1 5 mg/ kg), or carbofuran ( 0.1 1.5 mg/ kg). Ten minutes after dosing, rats were scored for obvious signs of cholinergic toxicity (" tox score"). Horizontal and vertical activity were tabulated during subsequent 20 minute sessions in a figure eight chamber. Brain and blood tissues were taken immediately thereafter to determine ChE activity as described above.

As shown in Figure II. B. 5 2, exposure to each of the NMCs resulted in decreased motor activity. The vertical activity dose response curves were significantly different from horizontal activity, with greater decreases in vertical activity at the higher doses. Nonetheless, the correlation between horizontal and vertical activity was good, indicating a high concordance of effect on both measures. Within subject regressions indicated a better correlation between motor activity and brain ChE inhibition than with blood ChE. Brain ChE is equally or more sensitive at the low end of the dose response.

The ranking of toxicity as measured by the " tox score" ranged from no effect ( carbaryl, formetanate) to a dose related increase in the incidence and severity ( propoxur, carbofuran). Thus, some NMCs showed pronounced effects on motor activity at doses that produced little or no obvious toxicity as evaluated by this clinical observation. This illustrates that observable signs of cholinergic toxicity are not always predictive of the magnitude of behavioral neurotoxicity. In contrast, motor activity is a sensitive endpoint that reveals the biological relevance of ChE inhibition produced by these N methyl carbamates.

For some NMCs, data are available for motor activity and clinical signs in studies submitted for pesticide registration. The Agency has not yet extracted the motor activity data from registration studies for comparison with EPA's behavioral data or for formal comparison with ChE data. However, evaluation of summary information provided in EPA's study reviews ( ie, Data Evaluation Records, not provided here) indicates that ChE is equally or more sensitive than behavioral effects. II. B. 5  Page 8 of 12 Figure II. B. 5 2. Plots of motor activity data from NHEERL experiments for seven N methyl carbamates Propoxur Dose mg/ kg <IP_ADDRESS> 3.0 10.0 20.0 % Control ± SEM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 horizontal vertical *

*

**

* * Tox Score 0.0 0.3 1.0 3.0 10.0 20.0 % Showing Signs 0 20 40 60 80 100 Methiocarb Dose mg/ kg 0.000.50 2.00 5.00 12.00 25.00 % Control ± SEM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 horizontal vertical **

* * * * * * Tox Score 0.0 0.5 2.0 5.0 12.0 25.0 % Showing Signs 0 20 40 60 80 100 Oxamyl Dose mg/ kg 0.00 0.07 0.10 0.50 1.00 1.50 % Control ± SEM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 horizontal vertical * * * * Tox Score 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.0 1.5 % Showing Signs 0 20 40 60 80 100 * Methomyl Dose mg/ kg 0. 000.10 0.25 0.60 1.25 2.5 0 % Control ± SEM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 horizontal vertical * * * * Tox Score 0.00 0.10 0.25 0.60 1.25 2.50 % Showing Signs 0 20 40 60 80 100 Carbofuran Dose ( mg/ kg) 0.00 0.10 0.30 0.50 0.75 1.50 Percent control activity 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 horizontal vertical * * ** *

*

* * Tox Score 0.00 0.10 0.30 0.50 0.75 1.50 % Showing Signs 0 20 40 60 80 100 Formetanate Dose ( mg/ kg) <IP_ADDRESS> 0.6 1.5 5.0 Percent control activity 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 horizontal vertical * *

* * Tox Score 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 1.5 5.0 % Showing Signs 0 20 40 60 80 100 * *

Carbaryl Dose mg/ kg 0.0 3.0 7.5 15.0 30.0 50.0 % Control ± SEM 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 horizontal vertical *

* * * * *

* Tox Score all normal * II. B. 5  Page 9 of 12 e. Summary of Protocol and Preliminary Results of Seven Chemical ( Equipotent) Mixture Experiment A mixture study was conducted using 7 N methyl carbamates ( carbaryl, carbofuran, formetanate, methiocarb, methomyl, oxamyl, and propoxur). A doseadditive experimental design was used and the proportion of the carbamates in the mixture was based on their potency: they were combined in an equipotent manner using the individual chemical benchmark values as the point of comparison. The composition of the mixture is shown in Table II. B. 5 2.

Table II. B. 5 2. Composition of a seven chemical mixture with the NMCs N Methyl Carbamate Pesticide Percentage of Mixture Carbaryl 41.60%

Carbofuran 1.46%

Formetanate 1.63%

Methiocarb 19.60%

Methomyl 5.05%

Oxamyl 1.49%

Propoxur 29.10%

The mixture study consisted of 13 dosage groups with 10 male, Long Evans rats ( 90 days old) in each group. The N methyl carbamates were given in two vehicles: either corn oil ( carbaryl, carbofuran, methiocarb and propoxur) or water ( formetanate, oxamyl, and methomyl). Every animal received both vehicles, one dose immediately after the other. Five different dosage levels of the mixture were given, predicted to produce < 5%, 10%, 25%, 45% or 60% brain cholinesterase inhibition, and also each N methyl carbamate was given alone at a previously tested dosage to confirm the original dose response data ( 7 singlechemical experimental groups). The control group received the vehicles only. The study was staggered over four consecutive days with all dosage levels being tested each day. All dosing solutions were made fresh each day. The animals were dosed, clinical observation of the degree of cholinergic toxicity was recorded 10 minutes after dosing, and then motor activity was assessed for the next 20 minutes. Immediately after removal from the activity chambers, the animals were briefly anesthesized with CO2 and killed by 40 minutes after dosing. Brains were taken and frozen at  80

C until analysis; RBCs were prepared from trunk blood samples. Cholinesterase activity was determined using the radiometric assay as previously described.

As can be seen from Figure II. B. 5 3 below, increasing dosages of the mixture produced increasing decrements in brain cholinesterase activity. II. B. 5  Page 10 of 12 Moreover, the dose additive model predicted the degree of cholinesterase inhibition within the 95% confidence limits of each predicted value.

It is important to note that the single dose repeat of each N methyl carbamate ( open symbols, Figure II. B. 5 4) overlapped the original doseresponse curve values for each methyl carbamate, except for methomyl and propoxur which showed 5 10% less activity.

Figure II. B. 5 3. Brain cholinesterase results from seven chemical equipotent mixture Dose of Mixture ( mg/ kg) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Cholinesterase activity (% control)

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Expected Values (+ 95% confidence limits) Acutal Data (+ sem)

Dose Additive Design Equipotent Mixture Control II. B. 5  Page 11 of 12 Figure II. B. 5 4. Comparison of brain cholinesterase from dose response and single dosing in the mixture study Single Dosing in the Mixture Study Dose ( mg/ kg) 0.1 1 10 100 Cholinesterase (% control)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Propoxur Carbaryl Oxamyl Methomyl Methiocarb Folrmetanate Carbofuran Open Symbols are Single Dose Repeats in Mixture Study II. B. 5  Page 12 of 12 f. References Moser, V. C., Phillips, P. M., McDaniel, K. L., Marshall, R. S., Padilla, S., Lowit, A. 2005. Comparison of acute neurobehavioral effects of N methyl carbamate insecticides. Presented at the 44th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology; New Orleans, Louisiana.