But of course those of us who work in human rights know this is nothing new and it is not an accident that I put mr. Milosevic's picture here because telling grotesque lies is a common feature of people who abuse human rights and So in human rights it has always been our position to struggle to tell the truth and we are successful because we are persistent and because we speak with moral authority and I say all of this Speaking to you about statistics. I want to emphasize that I think statistics are probably the least important part of a human rights argument The most important part are the voices and experiences of the victims and then there's all sorts of other things There's the law the legal argument the forensic material the satellite remote sensing imagery There's tons of other really valuable stuff and the statistics are there as well look. We're a footnote But we have to be right Like all the rest of the pieces in the story we have to get it right Here's the problem when we're doing data collection, we usually don't know what it is that we don't know and Come on clicker. There we go And this is the key because then we don't know if what we don't know is systematically different from what we do know Okay, and this is a really big challenge because if we collect a lot of data the work It takes to collect all that data often convinces us that we have it all That we have so much data that we're our data is somehow representative of the total world And I'm here to say that's not true There's a reason that you have the data you have and that there's a reason you don't have the data You don't have the data you have you have because people trusted you enough to give it to you And the data you don't have you don't have because those people don't trust you That's going to be true for each of the groups in your space Which is why I say we need many different groups Okay Human rights stories are about that the worst possible things that can happen to someone the most terrible days of their lives Experiences that leave them traumatized for literally the rest of their lives indeed for generations that trauma may persist Why should they trust us? with their stories Many of them won't and that creates Bias not bias in the sense of racial or ethnic or religious prejudice bias in a technical statistical sense It means that we are more likely to learn some things than others And I'm going to illustrate this by looking at one of a really really really good database a database about Iraq called the Iraq Body count and this is a really good database that nonetheless produces deeply misleading statistics And I'm going to explain to you why that is So in Iraq at the very beginning of the American intervention in Iraq in 2003 the Iraq body count Began collecting all the published stories about people who died as a result of the conflict in Iraq Okay, and so every newspaper I think in 12 languages They collected and they organized and they categorized them all together and they put them all in a giant database and from that database they kept a running count of the number of people who died in the conflict and if you Asked them they would admit that there were many people who didn't get documented because their deaths were in no newspaper story No one ever heard about it, but they said yeah, but we're getting most of it. This is a minimum number Here's the problem Which stories were we getting which stories were we missing and here's how I approach this problem? the Iraq body count was good enough to share some of their data with me and With that data they gave me the sources for every one of the incidents that they that they Reported that they had in their database and I organized all the incidents into size This bar represents events where one person died this bar is events with two to five people died Each of those bars is shaded by the number of Sources we learned about each of those events So what this says is that of these very large events with 15 or more victims Here You'll remember that the problem I'm facing you with is what is it that we don't know One way to understand that problem is what is it that we have zero sources for if we have zero sources We don't know right Okay, what size of events do you think we have more zero sources for does anyone guess Just shout it out Are there more events of size one zero sources? Very large Uh-huh anyone want to take another guess go ahead What why That's the answer the answer is that these these events with size one are generally only reported once and implications there's many many more In fact, we did a little bit of calculation and the probability that an event of 15 or more people being reported is about one We always hear about events that are very large But the events that are small with only one person we only hear about a fifth of them About 20% why is that important? Because they're totally different conflicts These were two completely different conflicts happening at the same time the large events were largely committed by al-Qaeda in Iraq or by Coalition collateral damage. They were committed using either IEDs improvised explosive devices or air strikes and massacre the victims were a random selection of the of the Iraqi population and The goal was destabilization or control depending on which party was committing the violence the small events completely different These were committed almost exclusively by Shia militias using firearms against adult men and their goal was ethnic cleansing and Their goal was successful. They drove a million people out of Baghdad and into Western Iraq where of course they welcomed Isis Okay, now I am not trying to say that bad data analysis led to the rise of Isis That would be a little strong however We looked at statistics To correct our understanding of the world we looked at statistics to go beyond what we can perceive ourselves But if we build statistics simply on the data we can see We are reinforcing what we see what we understood. We are simply reinforcing our own prejudices. That is not what statistics does That is bad statistics Okay, so Statistics is not simply counting what you have. That's accounting and bookkeeping Statistics is understanding what you don't have what you don't know and building a probability model that allows you to overcome that Let me skip the story and go on to this picture. Let's imagine that we have three databases Okay, and these three databases are denoted in this diagram by the white circles and We put the databases together and we've determined which cases are in common between the databases So we have the white circles we living in the world of the white circles, that's what we can see We can see what's in the white circles What's the world? Does the world look like the left where we see a third of reality or does the world look like the right where we see almost all of reality These are completely different worlds Which world do we live in? Well, as long as you're living in the white circles and you haven't done any statistical modeling You have no idea and the problem is those may represent sub fractions of the whole of the overall world So in practice in Peru for example We only did we're able to document about a third of the cases committed by the gorillas of Cinderella luminosa while we were able to document almost all of the cases committed by the Peruvian army now we had about the same number of cases in both and If we had just said well, this is how many we have we might have said well The two parties are responsible for about equal numbers of killings and we would have been wrong We would have been terribly terribly wrong About perhaps the single most important question for historical memory in Peru The stakes are high and so what I'm going to do now is try to begin unpacking for you How we can solve this problem and I'm going to do so by explaining how we study homicides committed by the police in the United States and This came from a government study done in published in 2014 in Which they took two lists one compiled by the US FBI and another compiled by the US Bureau of Justice Statistics part of the Department of Justice and these were all cases of people killed by police between 2003 to 9 and 2011 2010 was omitted for reasons that have never really been explained to me anyway They put all the cases together and they said okay These are the cases that we have from the Bureau of Justice Statistics These are the cases we have from the FBI These are the cases in between and they were able to estimate I'll show you the map in just a second I know you were all eager to see the map Okay, sorry whoa geez and they put them together and they estimated that 2100 deaths fell outside either of those databases and I'm going to explain in a moment how they got there That's how so I'm not going to do the algebra. I know Who here loves algebra?  Yeah, okay So there's three hands. They're about 80 people in the room So I'm going to skip that I would be delighted to do so when we are drinking at a reception later This math is done very well on the back of a napkin Instead I'm going to give you a metaphor Imagine that you have two rooms that are completely dark.  Why is it larger? You only heard one click and what does that tell you? They spread out Okay, that's precisely the intuition that we're using with this method We've taken two databases and we've thrown them into this space and we observe how often they collide And because we know how big the databases are and we know how often they collide we can use algebra to figure out how big the space is Pretty cool, huh? That's why math is so cool because now we know something we didn't know before We didn't know before How big in the population of all the people killed by police is Now we do we can estimate it and that's what this study did But it turns out unfortunately It's a little bit harder than that as everything in the world always is what we assumed when we threw the balls into the room Is that the balls don't know about each other they fly around independently? What if the balls are friends and they like each other and as one ball zooms by the other it goes Hey, buddy boom and it bumps or it gives a little bump Huh now what happens is instead of a few clicks. We hear lots more We hear too many clicks and that's called a positive correlation in the probability of reporting and that happens all the time Because when a lawyer is killed at high noon in an urban center Everybody knows about it But when a farmer is killed three days walk from a road at nighttime. We never hear about it Okay, the probabilities of reporting no matter what the reporting mechanism is are is going to be correlated Positively we're gonna hear about the lawyer. We're not gonna hear about the farmer Consequently we have to fix that and we have a bunch of statistical methods that adjust for those correlations And so we looked at all our previous projects in a bunch of countries and we figured out what those pair-wise correlations are and We use those pair-wise correlations to correct the estimate of police in the United States And it turns out that Columbia the lists that are collected in Columbia are very much like the list collected in the United States And so we estimate that about 10,000 people were killed by police in that period 2003 2009 and 2011 to put that in context that means That in the United States people who die by homicide Mostly die Being killed by someone they know three quarters of all homicides are killed by people who know each other One quarter are killed by people. They don't know strangers The single most likely category of stranger to kill you in the United States is a police officer That's why it's such a big deal Okay, it's not gang bangers. It's not terrorists. It's not serial killers. It's not mass shooters All those things on the on the left we completely freak out about people with handguns On the right people completely freak out about terrorists. You know what both of those are ridiculous We need to worry about police police are the problem in the United States for homicides by strangers So on that cheery thought Let's move on and look at Kosovo And what we did in Kosovo Is we faced a question and this question originally came from NGOs But it also came from journalists and ultimately it was a key question at the tribunal and we discussed that some this morning And the question is Was the Yugoslav government responsible for the killing and migration of ethnic Albanians now? That's a really big question. It's a really big and difficult question And we flipped the question around because scientists often do this when we have a question that we can't answer directly We ask it in a different way to see if it's easier to answer Okay, and so we asked instead could it have been NATO? Who committed this who caused this violence or was it the kla? And what we did is we got data from the border crossing guards in Albania as well as by from unhcr and from the Albanian government We also did surveys random sample surveys in refugee camps and in those surveys We asked people when did you leave your home? When did you cross the border? How did you get from here to there? How long did you spend on the road? And we used all this information to create models of people leaving every village every single day Okay, and then we had data from exhumations from human rights watch from a bunch of Albanian NGOs organized by The american bar association and the observer teams of the organization for security and cooperation in europe And we put all the data together And created some models and those models resulted in these graphs, which are the center of the testimony That I gave at the icty that we discussed this morning. And so now let's go into a little bit more detail about what it was I actually argued What I said is that at the beginning of the conflict There was a huge spike in the number of people killed and in the number of people leaving their home The line on the top is people leaving their homes And the line on the bottom are people killed and notice how closely these lines move together They move up together and then they drop together And then there's this quiet period and then there's another spike and then there's a quiet period And there's some kind of noisy stuff and then it just sort of trails off So we said look The first finding we can make is that these two series co-vary they go together Now that does not mean that one causes the other Remember we all learn correlation does not imply causation. That's not what it means But when you have two closely correlated Behaviors it often means that they have a common cause. There's something else that's causing both of them Okay, that's why they're varying together. They're responding to something else And so we asked what could that thing be? And we had patterns on nato bombing which the yugoslav government published on a website And so we took all the nato bombings and we plotted them against we said well No, actually the nato bombing happened generally in kosovo. It happened in Serbia earlier, but in kosovo. It happened Here and after Couldn't have caused it. It's too late and then we looked at KLA activity and the tribunal gave us databases of kla activity We said no the kla activity happened in different parts of kosovo It didn't happen in the same places where this stuff was happening So we rejected both of those hypotheses. We said those could not be the causes of killing and migration That's not the same as proving that the yugoslav government did it. Let me be clear But a really interesting thing happened on the night of the 6th of april So the 10th of april that year Sunday the 10th of sunday the 11th actually sorry sunday the 11th of april was orthodox easter And on the night of the 6th tuesday the 6th The the yugoslav government spokesperson went on tv and said you know There's a terrible war going on, but we are going to respect a ceasefire starting tonight in honor of orthodox easter Okay, so there's a government ceasefire that happens that day But it turns out that the kla and nato totally ignored the ceasefire. In fact, they increased operations So on the 10th of april The government on saturday before easter the government went back on tv and said well nato and the kla are ignoring this Ceasefire, so we're going to resume operations okay, so Yugoslav government stops operations and resumes operations It's a very strong correlation It's a coincidence. It does not prove anything But it's very suggestive and it's the kind of piece that when we're using statistical arguments in trials We add a little grain of sand To the balance of justice Okay, it's not by itself proof But it is circumstantial and it is important and it is useful and it is something that the finder of fact can say On balance of all the evidence Of which this is one small piece I can make a finding So we observe the coincidence, but let's be clear about the grounds on which we are making the claim We are not claiming proof okay so I want to start closing with some bigger picture stories Big data, just forget you ever heard the term. It's meaningless Okay, it's meaningless I've looked at a lot of data over many years and these are just a few of the sources that we've used And the problem is that If you take a bunch of data and you make a graph And if you make a map you made a graph by the way a map is a graph okay If you make a map or a graph or any kind of claim from the data You're using a model. You don't think you're using a model. You just counted it up, right? No model. Here's the model you're using My model is if I just counted up my data and I made a graph or I made a map the model you're using is I assume That my data is just like the world I assume that if 40 of the victims in my database are women and 60 of the victims in my database are men That 40 of the victims in the world are women and 60 percent are men Why would you assume that? There's no reason to think that's true If you find that two-thirds of the violence is in the north and one-third is in the south Maybe that's because the people who worked for you in the north. They're just much better at their job You have no way of knowing Okay, so you have a model that you're using Sadisticians call it the naive model There's a reason we make fun of it It's because it's not plausible So raw data is never a foundation never a foundation For a statistical claim. I know that's tough because every one of your donors is going to say, where's the graphs? Well, and you have to say well that would be using the naive model We'd have no way to justify that graph that would be incorrect Unless you do some modeling. I've shown you one kind of model. That's the model my team and I use there's several others I just happen to use the one I use because it's the one I use but there are others and I'd be delighted to talk to you In q&a or elsewhere if you're interested um So there's three ways and this is it these are the three to get reliable statistics per first you could have all the data All of it and sadisticians will call that a census Okay, a census could be a census of human populations. That's the way we usually use that term But anytime you have all the data every single piece of it You can do anything you like That's hard It's expensive and it's rare Okay, I know of one case in human rights where I think that's true Okay Second you can get a random sample of the population. This is hard It's very hard because it's hard to know what your population is and when we're looking at human rights violations Human rights violations even in a place where they happen very frequently are pretty rare Two houses in a two households in a hundred something like that three households in a hundred that would be a really severe human rights violation Well, that means if you sample a hundred households at random you only get two or three who have anything to tell you So it's really hard to get a random sample now. There are better ways to do it And there's a lot of interesting science around this, but it's going to take a statistician and an awful lot of work to get there Third you can do what's called posterior modeling or post stratification And that's the kind of thing we do in our team There are four or five different approaches for this kind of approach this kind of technique But it requires exactly the right kind of data. It requires a lot of math a lot of computing and some some Some sophistication on what what it is. We're explaining That's it folks Those are your ways if you don't have one of those you don't actually have statistics Okay And I know that's really tough to hear but that's the reality Anything else is self-delusion But it's worth it It's worth it. I'm going to tell you the story now Of this man here His name is edgar fernando garcía And he was a student and labor organizer in guaramala in the late 1970s and early 1980s and one day in february 1984 he left his office And he didn't come home His wife nenez She knew what that meant Okay, and when he didn't come home She organized all her friends and she went to every police station every army base in guaramala saying do you have my husband? Have you arrested my husband? Where is my husband? She organized legal challenges to the guaramal government. She got the embassies involved Amnesty international had a campaign. Where is my husband and the police were like We didn't do I don't know. You know, I mean he's he's a noted left wing. I'm sure one of the other leftists killed him Honestly, that's what they said to her Okay But in 2006 In a giant warehouse in guaramala the human rights ombudsman discovered the archives of the national police Three warehouses including 80 million pages of paper 80 million pages of paper covered in bat feces dead insects and mold filthy We spent years cleaning it processing it organizing it cataloging it and my team took random samples from it We randomly sampled the documents so that we could statistically characterize the entire archive And so when they found the document That described the campaign in which mr. Garcia was arrested tortured to death and had his body hidden The officers who did that Were arrested brought to trial And convicted sentenced to 40 years in prison Now part of the trial Was showing statistically that the documents used in the case were perfectly consistent in every statistical way With the normal flow of documents in the archive Now why is that important? That's important because it's evidence that this campaign was completely normal practice There was nothing special about it. These guys were not rogue agents They were following orders the way bureaucracies work is that Goals are set at the top those become plans the plans become orders the orders are sent to the operational units The operational units go and do their jobs and then they write reports and their reports go back up the chain That's how bureaucracies work and we found that chain of documents for many many many campaigns We only found fragments of it for this campaign, but statistically we could show that this campaign was completely consistent with normal police practice And these guys they got in court and they said yeah your honor we did it and we were just following orders And the judge said, you know Yeah, nuremberg Not a defense. Thank you though You're guilty. Goodbye, and she turned to the prosecutor and said go find their boss Go find Colonel ecter bolder la cruz director of the national police During this time and he was arrested and if you look carefully, he's wearing cuffs Because this photo was taken while I was sitting across the room testifying against him And our evidence again showed that this was completely normal He said I don't know who these guys are just a rogue agent So we're like no, this is exactly perfectly bureaucratic normal practice Guilty convicted sentenced to 40 years This little girl Is a grown-up human rights lawyer in guatemala now and here she is embracing her grandmother mr. Garcia's mother This is what justice means This is why we do human rights work Because We need a way to help family members know when to speak about their loved ones in the past tense Thank you very much


Hi everyone, welcome to the second half of our lesson on using the second derivative. Here we're going to talk about the second derivative test. In the last lesson we learned that the first derivative test for relative extrema can tell us where a function f is increasing or decreasing depending upon the sign, positive or negative, of the first derivative. The second derivative test is also going to be able to be used to determine the location of relative extrema. The test will involve only the critical numbers, not the intervals around them, as we saw with the first derivative test. Suppose f is a function such that f' of c equals 0 and there exists an open interval containing c on which the graph of f is concave up. Now since f' of c equals 0 that tells us we have a horizontal tangent line to the curve at c. So what can be said of the point c, f of c? Because we know the function is concave up at c, we know also that the second derivative at c is greater than 0. And observing what happens on the graph, we can obviously see a relative minimum exists at c. So notice what we're doing here. We are looking at the sign, S-I-G-N, of the second derivative at the critical number to help us determine, first of all, is the curve concave up or concave down at that point, but then also do we have a relative max or a relative min? So let's look at the other case. Suppose f is a function such that f' of c equals 0 and there exists an open interval containing c on which the graph of f is concave down. Now again, because f' of c equals 0 we still know that at the point c we have a horizontal tangent line. So what can be said about that point? Well since we know the function at that point is concave down, we know therefore that the second derivative at that point is less than 0. And we can tell from the graph that it is at c that we have a relative maximum. That brings us to the statement of the second derivative test for relative extrema. Let c be a critical number of the function f such that f' of c equals 0 and let the second derivative of f exist on the open interval from a to b containing c. If the second derivative is greater than 0 then f will have a relative minimum value at c. If the second derivative is less than 0 then f has a relative maximum value at c. If the second derivative equals 0 then the test fails and you must resort to the first derivative test instead. So think about what the second derivative information is telling us. If the second derivative is greater than 0 remember that tells us the curve is concave up and we get a minimum. If the second derivative is less than 0 that tells us the curve is concave down we get a maximum. So how do you determine then relative extrema by using the second derivative test? Well if you think back we need critical numbers so we have to find our first derivative but then we're going to need to substitute those critical numbers into the second derivative. So we are going to have to find both the first derivative and second derivative of the function. Next we will have to determine the critical numbers of f the values of x for which the first derivative equals 0 or perhaps where the first derivative does not exist. Finally we are going to determine whether there are any relative extrema at the critical numbers by finding the sign of the second derivative at each critical number. But a warning the second derivative test will not provide information as to where the function is increasing or decreasing. So if you are asked about that in a problem you won't really be able to use the second derivative test. There are times that the second derivative test will fail. However it fails if the second derivative at the critical number happens to equal 0. And as I mentioned before in those cases you will need to resort to using the first derivative test instead. So in summary the second derivative test is a little bit limited. Let's look at a couple of examples. So in this first one we are asked to use the second derivative test to find the relative extrema for the function negative 3x to the fifth plus 5x to the third. So remember the steps, the first thing we need is our first derivative. So our first derivative is simply going to be negative 15x to the fourth plus 15x squared. And we are going to need our second derivative, let me do that over here. Second derivative will be negative 60x cubed plus 30x. Remember the next thing we are going to do is find our critical number. So we are going to set our first derivative equal to 0. And it looks like we can do a greatest common factor here. So out of the negative 15x squared equaling 0 we get x equals 0. And out of x squared minus 1 equaling 0 we get positive and negative 1. So they are our critical numbers. So remember what we want to do with the second derivative test, we are going to take these critical numbers, substitute them into the second derivative and see if we get positive or negative results. So let's try 0 first. So we are substituting into the second derivative. Well that equals 0. So that is one in which the test fails. So we are going to have to come back to this and do a first derivative test on that one. We will be a good review for us, we will do that at the end. Let's try 1 and negative 1. So if we substitute 1 into that first derivative we come out with negative 30, which is obviously less than 0. So think about what that tells us. That tells us that f is concave down there, so that tells us we have a relative maximum there at x equals 1. So now we can do the same thing with negative 1. If we substitute negative 1 into the function we get a positive 30, well that is obviously greater than 0. So that tells us the original function is concave up because our second derivative came out greater than 0. And if it's concave up it tells us we have a relative minimum at x equals negative 1. So now we figured out about these two points, we need to determine about 0. And as I said we are going to have to go ahead and resort to the way we did it in the last lesson with the first derivative test. So remember we are substituting into the first derivative. The first derivative equaled 0 when x was 0. Now remember what our first derivative was, let me put it over here on the side for you. It was negative 15x to the fourth plus 15x squared, just so you have it as a reference.  If we substitute something greater than 0, geez we get a positive answer there too. So we have no relative extrema there. So really all we have are the relative maximum that was at x equals 1 and the relative minimum that was at x equals negative 1. Let's take a look at a different kind of problem in which you are going to have to draw a possible graph of what a function f could look like given certain conditions. So take a look at the table of sine values and they give us information on f of x, f prime of x and the second derivative of x. And it's broken down into three parts, 0 to 1, 1 to 2 and 2 to 3. And what you have is essentially a sine chart. So the key is to take all this information and figure out about the original function, where is it going to be increasing and decreasing? Where is it going to be concave up, concave down? Where are our inflection points going to be? Where are our maximum points going to be? So remember that the first derivative tells us about increasing, decreasing nature of the function. So if the first derivative in between 0 and 1 is positive, that tells us the original function is increasing. I'm just going to write it here on the side so we know in between 0 and 1, f is increasing. So red is standing for what the original function is doing. In between 1 and 2, the first derivative is now negative. So that tells us now the original function f that we're going to draw is going to be decreasing on that interval. Then once we get to the interval from 2 to 3, notice how it keeps decreasing. So what we're trying to do is gather information about the original function. Now the second derivative tells us about the concavity of the original function. So in between 0 and 1, we are told the second derivative is negative. That tells us the original function is concave down. In between 1 and 2, it remains concave down, and actually it just keeps being concave down. So what you have now is some information. We know that in between 0 and 1, the function has to look like it's increasing but concave down. So try to envision in your head what that might look like. And then once we get to 1, it's going to switch to decreasing but it's still concave down. Now think about what might be happening at 1. We have the function changing from increasing to decreasing. So at 1, we're going to have a relative max because it's at 1 that the original function changes from increasing to decreasing. And then it looks like since it keeps decreasing from 1 to 2, then 2 to 3, there's no more extrema there. Nor are there any inflection points because it seems that on this entire interval from 0 to 3, this function's concave down. So this is the information we have to keep in mind and try to piece together. The other thing we're given is that we know whether the original function is either positive or negative if it lies above the x-axis or below the x-axis. So it looks like it's above the x-axis from 0 to 2 but once we hit 2, then it goes below. So I think we're going to have a 0 in here too at 2. So the graph is going to have to cross the x-axis, it looks like, at x equals 2. So let's try to draw this. So I have my axis set up and let's put in some of the key points. We knew this graph had to cross the x-axis at 2, so let's put a point there. We also knew we had a relative maximum at 1. So I'm going to stick it here. Now when you draw problems like this, it's very possible everybody's might come out looking a little bit different. Even when they show up on the AP exam, what we're looking for are key characteristics. So maybe you put your maximum point up a little bit higher than I did or maybe you put it a little bit lower and closer to the x-axis. That's fine. It's really the general shape we're going for. So if you go back to our chart, we knew that in between 0 and 1, the curve had to be increasing but concave down. So let's just suppose it starts here at the origin to make it easy. So increasing, concave down, it has to look kind of like that. And then in between 1 and 2, it's decreasing. It changes to decreasing, but it's still concave down. So I'm coming down like this. And once I hit that point at 2, it's still decreasing and still concave down. So it looks like it kind of keeps just going down. This looks like a little lopsided parabola. The more you draw these, the better you get at them. I promise you that. Sometimes your first attempts aren't always the greatest. But again, what we're really going for are the shape, the characteristics based upon what we gathered about the original function from the information we're given.


US government said if you sit eight hours a day, one hour on the treadmill basically does nothing. What are you supposed to do? If you work eight hours a day at a cubicle, or at a computer, you can't go to the gym for like five hours, so how do you... Treadmill desk. Treadmill desk is the most practical investment a person can make of $1,200. Sitting is the destruction of the human body. I've actually heard that a lot. It is. That sitting is horrible. Walk, man.


Oh, we're on the air here we go. We are this close this close people defining out this year Super Bowl matchup We cannot wait. I'm going to bring you the best information the best of the best on the four teams Marissa Contapelli with Cincinnati B. J. Kissel joining us with the cheap side of things Stats gots a stats Stats gots is covered on the Niners side and Philly legend We're honored to have John Clark on the Eagles side Giving us all of the info these are the people that are with the teams right now today With them they with them yesterday. They know the vibes in the latest injury reports Hayden Hurst randomly injured We got to get into that and speaking of Philadelphia in John Clark Boston Scott is an absolute Giants killer. Can he be a Niners killer? I ask him and he joins the show in a bit I cannot wait. I love him and it's Friday. So you know what you're getting you're getting K makers I got two beers apparently to choose from Brian Barton my great producer gave me weekend vibes Which I appreciate and he gave me this because he thinks whatever this monstrosity is it looks like a bangle your thoughts On Twitter. Let's go. That looks like a tiger. That looks like The DC comic guy.  So if you put a brew dog and a Hellcat together, do you get a Cincinnati bangle? Those are the questions we answer here on up and Adams We are so excited just to it sleeps away from action on championship weekend and we got to talk about a couple of these things because I'm a little nervous. I found out that I have to fly to Dallas for work on Sunday in and out of Dallas, okay, and there's a chance. I know my producers like really Yeah, there's a chance that I might miss the start of the Niners game the Niners Eagles game I've never been in this sort of situation with a high-stakes game What do y'all do when your kid has a soccer game and you need to watch the big Do you not do you turn Twitter off is your phone off? So nobody texts you and you you do I have to learn how to use a Tivo and be able to record it or whatever Richardson watch my phone, but I'm actively working. It's not like I'm sitting in the back So you're at the soccer game watching your kids Watching the game while your kids trying to score goals out there. I couldn't do that. What's the plan though? I'm serious. You guys let me know do I have to learn how to record the game? Do I say I don't have to watch it. I'll follow along on Twitter I've done that with some regular season games So I'm all out of sorts here help me out at up and Adam show at hey K Adams What do I do if I'm set to miss some of that first game on Sunday? Now yesterday, I did provide you with some game changers in the NFC championship game We talked about Niners defensive coordinator D'Amico Ryan's we talked about Eagles tight end Dallas Goddard and today I want to hit you with the AFC side of things and let's start with the chiefs and I'm gonna say that the game changer here that's going to have an effect is the decision-making of General manager Brett beach and I know he won't be out there battling to win this thing dressed up on Sunday But in order for the chiefs to pull this off It's the bold moves of beach and when he did this off-season and those guys that he added the rookies Especially that need to ball out and continue to pay off Listen, it's one thing to build a good team and win a Super Bowl And it's another thing to be able to sustain any sort of level of dominance in this NFL and go to five straight AFC title games and you're dealing with Injuries roster turnover your star player is having to get paid year after year after year with the salary cap So you have to make really tough decisions as a GM. I could never do it I would never want to do it He had to make the decision think about it Brett beaches at his table He's got it probably like customized stationaries personalized stuff and he's sitting there He's got the eight TVs on and all the channels and he's like watching highlights to of Tyra Hill and saying I I think it's in the best interest of this team And what we want to do to deal away the cheetah those are the decisions that end up defining you your legacy and your success In this league do you want to be a legend do that? Get rid of Tyra Hill and play for a chance to be in the Super Bowl listen to beach back in April talking about his Philosophy heading into the draft in the aftermath of course of said Tyra trade. I Think it's we've shown every every indication of you know We're going with this thing and we're gonna build through the draft and having 12 picks and having flexibility year in and year out is something That we're certainly putting a lot of stock in and like I said, we're excited to add Town on both sides of football and work the draft and get young and get deep and in theory It's all good and well great theory. Of course. We're gonna do it But in order for that to work you have to nail draft picks nailing draft picks That's so hard to do and you have to use that flexibility to make really savvy free agent additions So as we know that's way easier said than done, but it's exactly what that guy does trick talking did and accomplished So let's start with the draft picks bring them up here. This is outrageous This draft class has combined to start 66 games KC hasn't allowed a three-inch yard passers since McDuffie's been healthy Karloftus has six sacks and his emerge is one of the best young passers in the entire NFL Jalen Watson He has two interceptions that have been two of the biggest plays of this chief season Those three rookies are full-time starters and they're gonna have a big hand and trying to slow down Joe Borough on Sunday and let's not forget about their last pick in the draft Isaiah Pacheco Isaiah Pacheco is everywhere now. He's completely taken over the backfield. So we've seen teams, but you know there Let's get a lot of draft tricks and turn it into something and it turns into a big fat zero Nothing in year one beaches group has already made a massive impact in getting this team to another AFC championship It is so impressive. It's crazy. And then Beach talked about having flexibility So let's see what he did with that flexibility. None of these moves made national headlines But none of them broke the bank either and they've all made this team better and significantly I think the chiefs have the most depth on any team in the NFL right now We're not even talking about it the most depth and it's really in thanks to Beach's ability to completely retool Refigure recalibrate this roster without sacrificing The ability to contend out the gate it has been so brilliant So we'll see which one of the new additions pays off the most on Sunday And if they're you know enough to any one of those guys are all three of those guys together for those guys if they can get KC to another Super Bowl That would be insane and super impressive and I just hope everyone's sort of paying attention to that I gave how he rose minutes love so I felt like then rent Beach really needs his flowers We were looking into it earlier this week So let's bring in somebody who knows these chiefs better than anyone the brains behind Kansas City Sports Network B.J. Kissel Am I wrong Brett Beach, baby? No, I don't think you're wrong at all I think he doesn't get enough credit for what he did even a couple years ago and then information you just brought was fantastic But even a couple years ago after that loss to Tampa Bay Offensive line being a problem in that game the way that he completely revamped the chiefs offensive line in one off-season Drafting Creed Humphrey and drafting and Trey Smith and signing Joe Tooney. He's done it before We saw it happen again this off-season and what they've got from this rookie class It's just been special to watch and has really set them up from a roster composition standpoint Drafting Jalen Watson and Trent McDuffie rookies on rookie cornerbacks on rookie deals I should say and not having to pay those guys in free agency allows you so much roster flexibility and free agency over the next Few years that this thing is really set up to be pretty special for what the chiefs are able to accomplish Even after the last five years in the five straight AFC championship games It's so true and I'll be the first one to say and be honest that when that Tyreek Hill trade happened I was like, oh, I don't know man leaving it to the draft that is a crap shoot You never know how it's gonna work out and it completely has been just incredible casey is an 83 and 28 record in beaches six seasons Okay, guys six AFC West titles five AFC title appearances like BJ is saying all right now BJ BJ BJ We have seen the grainy gym photos We've seen the zoom ins on his feet James Palmer and the phone number redoing the walk all of this press conferences all that From from who you've talked to in the sense you're getting how much of a factor with the high ankle sprained B for Mahomes on Sunday I don't think we can pretend that it's not going to be some kind of a factor It's just gonna be interesting to see how Patrick Mahomes can kind of hold himself back or protect that ankle I was watching a replay of the AC championship game from last year and there were a handful of plays Especially in the first half that Mahomes made where he was Turning and twisting and doing all those crazy plays that we see outside the pocket I just don't know if he's going to be able to do the same thing But I've been saying all week on Casey sports network that you give Andy Reid eight days To prepare and game plan knowing the variables that are going to be there trust in the fact that He's going to have a game plan that's going to find success at some level for the chief's offense But it's really interesting to see especially early the first few times that maybe the first or second reeds taken away And he tries to escape the pocket Do we see the the ankle cause any kind of an issue there or does Mahomes try to protect himself A little bit there by just going down and not putting himself in a position to take a hit Like he did against ardent key in the Jags last week Because you've talked to Patrick Mahomes before k I know that telling him not to play the game the way that he's always played It's going to be interesting that mental side versus the physical and kind of how they play that out But I trust Andy Reid will have something dialed up As a way for the chief's offense to find some success against a very very good Bengals defense I do too. And you know if this was any if he was less than 100% everyone's always saying oh one legged Mahomes is better than anyone if it was against any team in the a of c west Sure, I wouldn't even be worried But this Bengals team for whatever reason and you can give me your thoughts on it They've consistently been able to get the better of the chiefs. It's crazy What do you attribute that to and what does k c have to do differently? I think it's simple They they made plays at the end of the game when it counted the chiefs didn't do that We saw especially last year in the a of c title game the second half was probably one of the worst halves that we've seen from this chiefs team under Andy Reid and Every game that the chiefs have lost there's been so much talk and so many things that have been said this week Between the fan bases and all that That the chiefs have had leads in the second half They haven't been getting blown out and so this the chiefs are getting dominated and all that I don't believe that that's the case but the Bengals have definitely made plays when it counted late in the game The chiefs had opportunities in that game Chris Jones talked about it at the end of last season or after they lost the a of c title game He talked about it at training camp that he let he feels like he personally left a lot of plays out on the field that he should have made And that was the difference and the the Bengals made those plays and loot and aromo May have the best game plan that we've seen against Andy Reid with so many guys that are used Defensively for those Bengals players. They're used so well to their strengths that it's definitely going to be a battle All of the games have been close expect this one to be close Really curious on the chess match of the the ankle situation and how do the chiefs call it and how do the Bengals try and play Schematically against that knowing he might not get outside the pocket and do some of those things that have come to define What we've seen from Patrick Mahomes throughout his career. You're right coach. Lootis has a knack for this He did it to Josh Allen. He's like high powered amazing Quarterbacks. He just like is a bit of a nightmare for them KC sports network. You're outside somewhere or and we're at where our what is KC sports network up do right now So actually in Las Vegas right now covering the east west shrine. Well, we uh, we're out here doing the nfl draft content We pride ourselves at KC sports network having phenomenal draft content and because it just so happens that this event happens Right before the a c championship. We bought our whole crew out here seven of us out here Covering the the shrine bowl interviewing players for the next few days while also covering the aoc championship So we've got we're pretty busy right now, but it's a lot of fun. Love coming out here It's a great event and yeah, it should be a lot of fun and hopefully we have a good time on sunday watching the game together out here Yeah, there's so many. I mean there's podcasts.  We appreciate you and your perspective and to put it by the way into perspective This bangles team in the past two years has three wins Over the chiefs that is as many wins as the rest of the aoc west in that time really think about that three wins Uh and the a west against him over the six year careers 27 27 and three against the division in six years. He has three like you really even think about that Okay, what what the bangles sort of do to him and what he needs to do back to them I don't know how this game is going to go, but I do know this If the bangles are going to make it four straight over kansas city They're going to need a big effort from my personal game changer in this game defensive end tray hendrickson He has a bit of history against these chiefs In fact, no one has hit patrick marhomes more in his career Than tray hendrickson. It do you understand that that's a real that's a real sad That's a real thing and the only other guys who have sacked and pressured him more are joey bosa and max crossby Who of course live and breathe in the a ofc west and it faced him more often So this history i'm going to take you back because this matters it goes back to hendrickson's final year as the new warland saint 2020 showdown at the super dome. Okay tray got into it with the o-line. There's pointing on it Wait for the pointing hendrickson pointing. There's yelling. There it is. Where's the finger?  There's screaming cam jordan got ejected in this game Do you remember this game and there was tray racking up two sacks and five quarterback hits on the day That's the most hits marhomes has ever taken from a single player in the same game But as you see here, it's not just the production There's a tone that he sets out there just like he did during last year's asc championship game He racked up another sack and a half in that game including this one With the score tied in the fourth quarter to force a chief's punt Oh That can't feel good especially if your ankle's not feeling great Now whether marhomes's mobility in this game is compromised because of that ankle or not tray hendrickson He's as you can tell by looking at this footage He will make his presence felt in that backfield and i would be shocked if we don't see him Get home and make at least one huge play given the history here. I don't know what sometimes there's no rhyme or reason to it Sometimes it's just the way it is tray hendrickson versus marhomes very successful Very impactful and not somebody marhomes is excited to face on sunday at Borough head. Is it marissa? Let's bring her in here. Let's bring in since he's team reporter and senior producer who I love Congratulations on the second trip to the a ofc championship game marissa contipelli. How are you? Hey, doing fantastic. And I think we do it is borough head If that's my kelton's kind of trademark that now so I mean might not roll with it Yes, it's my mic man. I saw the I see was mic'd up. It was hilarious him into higgins I just saw that uh On your social feeds over there with the bangles. It was incredible now you were along for the magical run last year and As great as that team was almost everyone. I have talked to says that it's it's even better DJ reader says we're a better team. We have even more chemistry. What's the biggest difference you've noticed from last year to now Hey, it's the standard This team is expected to be in these type of games these type of moments last year They have the confidence, but they were still really pegged as the underdog bangles weren't supposed to be there last year They were a year early. They were playing with house money And so yeah last year's run was so magical obviously felt felt short in the super bowl But this year has been a completely different tone in the locker room The the confidence is the highest I have seen it in my five years being here in Cincinnati now Every single player I've talked to um, this is the expectation and a lot of it comes from joberus swagger I mean you listen to him during his post game press conferences just talking about the way he says The super bowl is his entire window of his career. Um, you just you when you have that from your coming from your quarterback It's going to trickle down into everyone else. I feel like we've even seen it from zack taylor at times When he was kind of taken his little kind of sarcastic, um edge during his post game presser After the bills win. So it's just the different type of swagger and confidence You know, it's made all the differences to your k I mean, and yeah, you have to have swagger when you're on a 10 game win streak It's the longest in brand bingles franchise history and it's all the momentum Leading into a matchup where they're taking care of business three three times And looking for their fourth win the all line played so well in buffalo last week.  He's passed rush Really really intense. Is there any sense that we will see john wiliams Alex kappa both one or the other back in the mix this weekend Well, first off, I absolutely loved whit's response to your tweet about how he's saying this, you know, old man bangles don't eat him You got a love whit, right? Right, um, but honestly k the offensive line. I think surprised all of us I mean the fact that joe burrow has only sacked one time in that game for just a two-yard loss Was just absolutely incredible and and it starts with frank paulick and just the leadership He has had in that room. We had some great sideline sound that we captured of him You know talking to his players just how proud he was of those guys stepping up Today's going to be a big day because neither jonah williams or alz kappa has practiced yet this week So the team's going to be heading out for practice here In about an hour or so and so we'll have a little bit better of idea Then in terms of if they're able to practice or not because fridays are typically a big day If they don't practice it's going to be tough to see them actually suiting up on sunday But I mean the way that those guys stepped in with max sharpening and jackson karmann Jackson karmann looked so natural out there at left tackle, of course, that's where he was at clemson So like you said kasey's friends was a little bit stronger than what buffalo was bringing I mean just those guys that they have there up there is absolutely loaded But joe burrow has been getting the ball out quick and if they can get the run game You know going once again with mixing it's going to give them a little bit more flexibility there I give them a lot of credit I said all their names and we could celebrate these boys because unbelievable job by this offensive I hopefully they can keep it going I also gave a lot of love this week to who I named as my game changer marissa for this game hayden hurst He balled out against buffalo when he was uh, I saw him on the injury poor and I went What is going on limited calf issue? What's my concern level? Right. Well, it took a lot of us by surprise when he popped up there And so we'll get to talk to zack more today when they're coming off the field But I would say it's encouraging that the fact that he was just limited We know that he had a calf issue just about a month ago missed a little bit of time from that, but Um, I'm not reading too much into it yet. Again, we'll we'll know more once we talk to zack But the injury report kind of came out after we had already talked to zack yesterday So It'll be it'll be seen here coming up here soon But I mean hayden hurst Love love love that he is with this team. He has just been such a boost Um, just he just doesn't physical type of presence that he has k.  It's just been absolutely great just to have him What he brings to this offense and how can you not love just like everything he had gone through in his career to finally You know be fitting in with the team. He talks so highly of the spangles coaching staff and just how Wanted and how appreciated he is to this team.  I had I don't have a short memory I don't have a long memory and he has a bit of a bit of a something out that I need him out there Because he didn't get to play fully the the last time these two squads met So, uh, we appreciate your time.  We thank you appreciate you and hopefully we talk to you soon Thank you. Thank you. Thank you to marissa contipelli and bj kissle We've got stats on fire coming up new podcast, baby. You knew an approved podcast from my voice Stoots Welcome back to with the up and out of show the Niners headed to philly to take on the eagles Let's break down this game with an absolute legend from nbc sports in philadelphia for great john clark coming to us Are you at nova care right now? I am at the nova care complex in philly. We were just out at practice But you can only watch that for like five ten minutes And then they watch out because they're gonna actually go through their plays So now i'm in my car because it's a little cold out here. Yeah, I looked at the west 40 degrees. Listen It's i'm in california. It's about 75 and i've got a space heater right here So I feel you and I hope you're keeping warm. You look great. We're all excited for this game You had five minutes in there. Give me the energy and what were you looking at? What were you zeroed in on like everybody's zeroed in on the home's ankle? Well, yeah, so I think with the eagles. It's lane johnson lane johnson is arguably their best player They win when lane johnson's on the field and he's got that torn groin Something or other down there. I don't want to get too specific But yeah, it's amazing that he's actually playing through this because He told me that he was sore coming out of the game, but he's a warrior. He's going through this He's playing through injury and that offensive line. I believe is the best in football So when you have lane johnson able to play out there gave up no pressures against the giants So he played fantastic. That is going to go a long way to get this offense going against, you know, best defense in the league It is the best defense in the league. I talked to boston scott He'll be on the show in just a little bit and he gave so much credit to that offensive line and lane johnson All those veteran leaders for keeping them going He also was gushing about jaylon hertson his journey and herts was asked to reflect on that Ahead of this nsc championship game and he said quote It's oh, sorry, but he had it. It's not the time for me to reflect on that because i'm not done So what stands out to you with his growth as you've covered him as a leader and a player Okay, it's really unbelievable because he's 24 and yet He is more mature than i am let's say and and it's amazing because He leads this team at the age of 24 and you've got veterans like jason kelsey Fletcher cox brandon graham lane johnson who've been here won a super bowl He comes in and things he says like we got to make daily deposits the rent is due every day You start to hear other players say the same thing So he is the unquestionable leader of this team and here at the nova care complex guys say they see his car when they come in at 7 a.m. So he's here whatever five six a.m He's here at night going over the game plans in the installation of the game plan like seven eight nine o'clock at night He lives and breathes football And he wants to be great. He wants to be the best and he doesn't feel there's any reason why he can't it's almost like tom brady tom brady gets drafted late round Kind of looked over right well Nobody could see what was inside of him and his will and his desire to be great and jaylon does it every single day I think he's 24 seven football. I really do and we love hearing it And he's going to need it up against the number one defense So I will say they're 20th against the pass and the way that jaylon looked against the giants I wouldn't be surprised if him to ajay him to divante him to goddard Is going to play a huge factor be able to carve up and get some points on the board against this squad I want to ask you about the the other side of the ball with the niners rookie quarterback Brock purdy. This is a new kid. He's not flashy. He doesn't make a lot of turnovers He's thrown 16 touchdowns just three interceptions in his last eight here What's the key for this defense to forcing purdy into making mistakes? Well, that's that's going to be the key in my opinion You said it and I think the key is the eagles if they can slow down the run Because I think the 49ers are going to want to come out here They're going to want to establish the run get christian mccaffrey in space as well Through quick passes, but if they can slow down the run Then as they say here they earn the right to rush the passer because you want them to be in third and eight Third and nine third and ten you want to slow down the run? So then With this crowd here it is going to be so loud at the link I don't think brock purdy's ever seen anything like it It's going to be really hard for the offensive line brock purdy to communicate Even the eagles last week said they couldn't hear on the offensive line when they're on offense So imagine when the eagles defense is out there So if the eagles defense gets that extra Half a second one third of a second and they're able to get past the 49ers line They're going to hit brock purdy. I mean 39 sacks over the last seven games So I don't think brock is going to see Hasn't seen this kind of pressure yet and they've got They've got a rotation where they can just keep these veterans the older guys fresh and they don't need to play as many snaps Yeah, I mean it worked against tom brady didn't it sounds like the same kind of waves of pass rush from back in that game We appreciate you. He is john claire from nbc sports in philadelphia a legend one of my favorite producers on the show John I must say is obsessed with you and and so I we are also obsessed with you get out of your car Enjoy the rest of practice and and all the work that you do at mbc sports We appreciate the time and let's get to the niner side of things now They are as a franchise going to this game for the 18th time in history and who better to bring in From the gold standard 49ers podcast network raw stats govara Oh What's up k Hey, what's going on? Okay? So it's been a while I haven't talked to you in a bit and you were with espionation They are Made a dumb decision and now you have a whole other thing. I feel like I talked to you three days ago and now you've got a new gig What's happening? Well, you know Decisions get made and when we're not going anywhere So we started a new podcast the gold standard 49ers podcast network. It's on apple. It's on spotify. It's everywhere You get your podcasts We got to keep it going because the niners are in the nfc championship game for the sixth time in the last 12 years Okay, it's true You got quite a streak going there and you got a lot of listeners and a lot I listen to that podcast a lot. So i'm so glad that we're you're available Somewhere else it's the gold standard 49ers podcast network. We will plug it We're happy you're taking the time for us and you've got stats on fire You're you've got a lot of stuff going on But and we also know that you have issues with kyle shanhan, okay? And I thought about you during this game last week and I said, oh Stats is going to be so pissed at how conservative he's being it was squeak It was squeaky tight tight little 1912 win over the cowboys. What's your concern level with him in this matchup? My concern is he's not going to be aggressive enough because I think both teams are going to try and run the ball Both teams are going to try and limit the number of possessions that the other team gets and so Whereas I think nix siriani is going to be willing to go for it on four down Especially in the red zone. He's going to go for touchdowns And kyle's going to go for field goals And I just don't know in a game that I think is going to be close if that's the strategy you need to have okay, so Let's play psychologist nothing scarier than stats and k planks Like where does the scar tissue come from from him? Is it more because that's what it is right? It's psychological his conservative behavior. It is. I'm sure he trusts brockford But he gets like this in these moments. Is it 28 to three? Is it super vol 54? What is it because we need to get you to get that stuff needs to exit your mind We need ayahuasca this thing out of there puke a bite file He I think it's all of it. I think he coaches to avoid Things rather than someone like nix siriani who coaches to achieve things The eagles have converted more four downs this year than the 49ers have even attempted And I think that kyle just looks at it like If we can just avoid the big turnover if we can avoid going down by multiple scores, then we'll be okay I'll figure it out down the stretch But again, I don't think that's the attitude you can have when you're going up against that defense You're on the road and you might only get a few possessions to score points it's a great point stats and Let's talk about this part of it. You know the the balanced attack is what you want to do You want to go in there like you did last year and say we want to run the ball Like you said, let's have christian mccaffrey just do this thing brock brock pretty you just be cute Do the thing manage the game whatever I talked to hall of fame or chris carter about this on monday And I said, what do you make a brock? What I'll have to do the rest of the can they keep doing this and he said you can't hide your quarterback You can maybe one game and you can't hide him There will be a point in this game and you just heard john clark a legend covering this eagles team saying at some point It'll be an inevitability Allah jimmy garoppolo where you're gonna have to step up kid and make a play. Are you convinced that he has it? Well to hear john talk, you know, I I don't know how the 49ers could ever hope to win this game going up against that great eagles team No, I think that brock does have if there's one thing that he has shown He's not afraid to make the plays that are there now. Does that mean he's running around like patrick mahomes? No, but jimmy garoppolo couldn't even make the plays that were there And I feel like they did try and hide jimmy garoppolo down the stretch They are not trying to do that with brock purdy kyle trust brock more than jimmy garoppolo Which is crazy to say because brock's only started seven games, but it's true So I honestly believe that he if he has to step up and make a play he will I love that I mean he's undefeated right seven and no i'm looking at his numbers here 18 touchdowns to four interceptions Now the niners they're facing jaylon herts and you can say what you want about john clark jaylon herts the real deal Okay, he's one of the best quarterbacks. Yeah, you don't think he is Well, here's my question all these sort of playoff questions that we have a brock about brock purdy Don't they also apply to jaylon herts? I mean they've played the same number of playoff games Brock purdy actually has more playoff wins than jaylon herts I feel like people are treating herts like he's a known commodity And I don't think that he is and let me just say this I've seen jaylon herts get benched in a championship game and to a tongue of ilo I had to come in and throw the game winning touchdown pass well two ain't there for you this time jaylon So let's see it this weekend against the best defense you're going to face all year It it definitely is that and boston scott's going to be on the show in a little bit We're going to bring you that conversation I had with him and he talks a lot about that about what this defense is But they've got playmakers on that side too And this is you know, he's done one of the best running quarterbacks in the national football league of what he can do I think they're really well coached I think it's a huge I think they have a coaching advantage in all the ways that you're talking about Because it is who's going to who has the cojones to make a huge play when they need to do that But I mean is there a defensive player you can at least give me that you think will be A difference maker in stopping jaylon herts and making you look smart and him look silly I think it's going to be talano who fang of the safety for the 49ers one way or another He's going to be a huge factor in this game if he plays his best game He can be an absolute game wrecker that interception against the rams that sealed the game He wasn't even supposed to be guarding that guy. He just sniffed it out and made a play for the touchdown He can absolutely wreck games in the passing game and in the running game Anticipating the snap count and just getting into the backfield immediately The unfortunate thing for the niners is He can also take the cheese a little bit and crash in and try and make a sack on a quarterback Or disrupt the play when he's not supposed to and he can get burned with play action passes and deep passes down the field So one way or another I think he's going to be a factor in the game But if he gives an a plus performance that'll make a massive difference He's 23 years old first team all pro so impressive who vanga is and we'll see if you can do that That's my take Is he is he that good make sure you check out Rob's work and his new podcast is the gold standard 49ers podcast network over at youtube You have stats on fire as well. Please come back. Would you please? After they win let's hope you're the best or when they lose which is more fun for me Stick around for more right here on a friday up and adams appreciate so much stats Mercer Contapelli bj kissle john clark Uh an upcoming right after this my conversation with giant killer. Maybe nine or killer boston scott You love to Crush the hearts of the new york tri-state area. What do you have against new york? Oh Kiddoke giant's nation saying personally not prepared for playoff boston scott and they were not And he again just took it to them. My goodness. He just crushes that giant's team I sat down with boston scott. He is the epitome of a guy that you want in your locker room He he's got a smile You're not going to want to stop watching this interview just even because of that he talks about jayland Heard's talks about his coach and he really embraces his role within this organization and this team embraces him right back Sorry, my dog's making a fuss Well, obviously I need to see the dog. I need a proper introduction Uh, who is this? This is dax I thought you were gonna say jack and I was like that's a whole other thing we got Hand off boston scott for touchdown boston scott too strong You love to Crush the hearts of the new york tri-state area. You love killing the giant. How are you feeling after that win? I'm feeling good, man. You know, obviously What it's all about is getting to the next game.  I can't even I know I know and I want to talk about the playoff You've got 11 touchdowns in nine career games against them You've never played the giants and not score a touchdown against them So let's not pretend that that's not amazing and let's at least revel in that for a little bit It goes dynamic boston scott and he plows his way into the end zone And into the hearts of philadelphia eagle fans for all time What do you have against new york? I don't know what to say It's just a matter of opportunity You know, I'd like to I believe in myself my in my ability as a player, you know, and I believe that you know If i'm out there and i'm able to play I get better each rep and i'm on the field So, you know, I don't know if it's necessarily who's out there. It's just a matter of opportunity Well, the numbers don't lie and I have a feeling your coach has a lot more to say serrani's like jumping on the bench He's get he's looking the camera dead in the lens. Nobody does that. He's in the end zone getting yelled at Say, I know what the rules are. I know where I can be How has he evolved In your eyes from the first time you heard his name This is going to be the head coach when you met him until right now when you're one game from the big game It's just a matter of comfortability, you know what I mean? Like last year was our You know the first year, you know what I mean? So there's a lot of things that we have to learn There's a lot of things that we have to Establish, you know development doesn't just apply to You know players can apply it can apply to Coaches it can apply all of us.  You got to learn how to believe in yourself You know so that that can that can sustain you throughout the season. You know, you're not up and down You know I'm saying you're staying even killed Sirianni's like Next level at a 10 and then you have Jaylen whose cools can be cool cat cold, whatever And then confidence is what sort of bridges the gap between the two of them What impresses you most about your quarterback?  I know what it's like to lose a job You know I'm saying in football and so it's hard whenever, you know, the view of your goal becomes blurry You learn a lot about yourself you learn a lot about yourself as a man You learn a lot a lot about yourself as a person and so You know one of the I feel like one of the defining things for for Jay is, you know, Carson had the starting gig or whatever Even though he wasn't playing even though He didn't know if he was going to be playing or if he was going to be a part of the game plan Like every either Thursday or Friday he would spend time out at the everybody was off the field going through the entire game plan Going through his progressions going through his throws before he even had packages in the game plan Like he was still, you know, he was still carrying himself like that and I would peek stuff like that He had that vision for himself and regardless of the of his circumstances He didn't waver from that. I was getting fired up, you know, when people were talking about, you know, after last year Oh, uh, what's question mark question mark at quarterback? What's this? What's that? Like I'm like, bro Y'all don't even know it's dope man. Just to see Him be able to to rise to where he is now I'm happy for him, but I'm not I'm not surprised And you have all the confidence in the world and you can run you can pass you can block your offense can do it all But you haven't faced the number one defense in the league And that's what this is going to take it all. It's going to take it all. It's the Niners I'm sure you guys aren't having nightmares over there, but I would like to know just honestly What is the biggest challenge they present? To be honest, I feel like it's it's their speed like their speed man I think that their speed is really It's different, you know, obviously you see you see fair water and cover two dropping back relating to the slot Like he's he's running with cv lamb down the field and makes him play down the field, which is pretty I mean You see it, you know, you see it. And so, um, I think As a unit probably one of the more complete units that we've played So It's gonna be a challenge.  So like like it's the whole team, you know what I'm saying? Everybody everybody wants to go hard. That's what it is. It's playoff football So it's gonna be good on good, you know, and we're gonna we're gonna we're gonna fight man because that's who love to do And boston scott become a 49er killer and bring on to the promised land Hey We're gonna see we're gonna see You gotta clap for yourself Okay, so marissa's was an incredible producer. She's the biggest eagles fan Yeah Think at your house at the link and we're wishing you plenty of love and do it for me and marissa. Let's go Give love to everybody. We appreciate you. Hi job I don't know if marissa is happy with me or not happy with me that I pulled her on to that innery But we were happy to talk to boston scott filly face of san francisco this sunday at 3 30 easter one of the most anticipated Matchups of the entire season can boston scott be that guy the eagles anytime will certainly tell and i'll be in dalas Enemy territory for the eagles trying to figure out how to watch this game. How do I watch this game? What should I do? Let me know and we'll be back after this with sam monson still and We got k-makers after this don't go anywhere on a friday Welcome back to the epp and adam show on a friday time for conference championship edition of Where any better any different music than this? I need to be a little more aggressive in this It's time for k-makers. I'm gonna give you three players who I think find the uh, uh, okay, okay Okay, I feel that uh three guys who are going to find the end zone this weekend first up I thought about this a lot. Do I not do christian mccaffrey because it's so easy or do I want to help you guys out christian mccaffrey It's automatic he has scored in eight straight games. I think it keeps it rolling Even up against in eagles defense. That is pretty tough next dalas goddard on the other side of this thing I've called him my game changer for this one. He only has four touchdowns this year, but remember he missed five games He's found the end zone three the last four games. He has played with jaylon hurts and finally numero uno jamar chase he has scored in five of the last six He's gonna get the end zone again this weekend. No question. Here we go Here are my k-makers any time touchdown scores christian mccaffrey dalas goddard and jamar chase Kansas city fans are gonna kill me that i didn't pick one of their own But we know travis is gonna get the end zone calm down. All right Let's do this sam munson joining us from PFF time for some pff up action with my guy here sam. How are you? I'm good. How are you? I'm wonderful. You do all things nfl over at pff Check out the new pff app guys if you're getting set set for championship weekend Do I drink this thing that they're saying looks like a bangle even though?  Oh, I was gonna drink this one. Okay. All right Let's do this one. Okay. First up is the number seven Okay, number seven. What do you got? Seven is the lowest rank that any of the eagles offensive line the five starters have at their respective position This year so all five starters are essentially top 10 guys at their position this season It's the best offensive line in the nfl We saw the difference that lane johnson made to it last week when he's back Even though he's not a hundred percent battling through that injury They've got five guys and not one of them is even close to a weakness this year It's so sure dron clark was just at practice. He works for mbc sports They're infilly they gave him five minutes to take a look at his eyes were on lane johnson the whole time Says he looks great. Hopefully they get that they get it going the eagles rushed for 268 yards in that win over the giants Hurts was sacked just once and we hope that continues seven by the way Also, the number of losses eric weddle has against the bangles in his career Ouch, ouch All right, the number 25.7 25.7 sounds like the forecast of temperature in kansas city on sunday because burrowhead's gonna be chilly day That is the percentage of opposing drives that end in some kind of score for the san francisco 49ers That is by far the best number in the nfl for any defense. It's like five percentage points better than anybody else This is the number one defense in the nfl They've shown it in a variety of different categories But obviously the most important one is how often you can actually put up a score against them It's crazy the niners lead the nfl of course in total defense scoring defense interception demica ryan's Complete game changer Their past defense still a little suspect. We'll see what uh jaylen Hurts can do to carve it up now the number 9.3 That's a weird number. What is 9.3? What could that be? 9.3 is the number of times this season that you have to pressure patrick mahomes in order to get him with a sack He's the best quarterback in the nfl at avoiding sacks But that's when he has two healthy legs Does that change this week now that he's got the high ankle sprain and he's gonna have More difficulty getting out of that pressure if the bangles get pressure Are they actually going to be able to cause these negative plays that most other teams can't? I just went crazy about troy hendrickson Long history against mahomes crushed him a bunch when he was a saint, of course like in these matchups against them too Um, sam hubbard has three sacks over his last two games against cad's of city as well So keep your eyes everybody on sam hubbard the local boy. All right last one is 158 0.3. What do you think? Well, you know that one, right? It's the perfect passer rating. But where is the perfect passer rating here? joe borough to jamar chase In two minute situations when they need plays when they're desperate when the time is getting down Borough to chase is still absolutely money. In fact, it's a perfect passer rating So that is the thing that the cad's of city chiefs are going to need to stop at some point in that game That's insane jamar joins by the way randy moths let's speak and talking about that passing game As the only other receiver to have 3 000 yards and 25 plus touchdowns in his first two seasons in the nfl So jamar chase i told you guys he's going to score a touchdown in this one And he's gonna help keep that passer rating pristine and perfect for those bangles sam months and we appreciate you We love your work over at pff Everybody download the pff app is i think i said pf because i'm already pff up here on a friday Stick around hamilton's got a parlay for you because he wins every parlay Oh for the nfl conference championship games fando has an exciting offer for all customers all customers It doesn't matter if you're new or you already have an account because they're given all customers You heard me a no sweat same game parlay That means you'll get bonus bets back if your conference championship same game parlay does not Hit but in case you want to parlay that might hit here's matt hamilton hammer Anything you're keeping your eye on over at fando sportsbook because you are very successful at this i'm not I do have a little parlay that i put together for this weekend I talked about patrick mahomes and that ankle yesterday while it does seem like it's healthier I do expect it to still be a factor.  I'm going with the jamar chase anytime touchdown and i have hadenhurst over 25 yards receiving You know, I just think with everything going on with justin reid. I think he uh, he turns it up and has a nice little game I know he has that calf injury that's something to monitor, but if he does play I think he has a nice game. Uh, I love to hear it. Hold on I wanted to play the bangles. What is happening? I wanted to play the bangles song. No, I thought it voiced me. Hold on I shut up I thought your voicemail box is full But My voicemail box has been full since 20 2007 Uh, okay, so that's the parlay go check it out. Thanks for joining the show. Such good info such good guess My green screen. We're working on it everybody. We're figuring it out. Uh, hammy. Love you We gotta have big guys. We're going to the super bowl. You and I are going to the super bowl Up and out of the show! We're going to the super bowl! We're going to the super bowl! Enjoy it


This study demonstrated the potential of combining optical and SAR data to improve crop mapping accuracy in West Africa. By integrating RapidEye and Terasarx data, the authors were able to increase classification accuracy by 10% to 15%. Additionally, they found that the VV polarization was more effective at distinguishing between different crop types compared to the VH polarization. This suggests that the combination of optical and SAR data can be used to accurately identify and map crops in areas where there is limited access to satellite imagery or when cloud cover is present. This article was authored by Gerald Forker, Christopher Conrad, Michael Thiel, and others.


Hi everyone, welcome back to the vlog. So today is Monday, October 26th, and I'm gonna do another Just like basic lifestyle vlog this week. A lot of you really really enjoyed last week's vlog Filming at home. I'd love to be able to incorporate like home and school life in the same vlog I think it would be great, but it would probably make for a really long vlog and You know, whatever. So cash, and I just got home. It's 5 50 Actually went to get my nails fixed right after school. I just got acrylics I don't get any color. I just get clear so that it just looks like my nails, but they're not gonna break And then I went to home goods. I was looking for stuff for his playroom But I didn't find anything and then I picked him up and we went to fries real quick So I'm gonna show you guys what I got at fries. So we're gonna do a little grocery haul Okay, so we're just gonna start from this side. This is not like What I would get every single week. This is just kind of what we needed. So we needed some bread for caches Lunches over the weekends, and then I'm gonna start trying to do like breakfast sandwiches since he isn't really eating breakfast very well lately Some mandarins. He really likes these. These are the B-sweet brand we usually get the cuties, but they didn't have them And then he really likes strawberries and bananas, and then he also loves avocados So for dinner tonight, I'm thinking I'll make him some chicken nuggets with avocados maybe some noodles with like garlic and peas and carrots So that he can get some good fats in his diet because he doesn't really eat at school either. We're kind of struggling with Eating in general with this child, and then I grabbed some sushi. I'm gonna have this for dinner tonight And then if I'm still hungry, I'll have a little bit that one Um This is only 400 calories for dinner. So that's pretty good. And then this one is about less than 400 calories So if I eat one of them for dinner, I could save the other one for dinner tomorrow or for lunch And then I got all the things to make my breakfast sandwiches. You guys saw me make those last week Basically gonna make them again tonight And then I got two salads One is an Asian sesame salad and then one is a chicken chopped salad So I'll probably enjoy one of those for dinner and then I'm thinking I'll probably make this tomorrow But I just grabbed this home chef meal It serves one person It's the panko crusted boom boom chicken was steamed broccoli. It looks really tasty Looks like all you do is kind of like throw it together and stick it in the oven and it was 10 bucks So this would be cheaper than like last night. I ordered Um Like a Thai place and it was like 20 bucks after the delivery fee. So I got one of these to try for myself I got some butter Some sriracha to take to school because I'm gonna show you guys my lunches for school But I want some sriracha to put on top and then I always get this coffee It's just the Starbucks iced coffee and then I just got a creamer This will last me like the whole week and this thing is like five bucks and That is my alternative to stopping at Starbucks in the morning I just bring this to school keep it in my fridge and then I don't have to go to Starbucks in the mornings And then I grabbed these little muffins just another Carb to put in cash's body in the morning if he'll even eat them He hasn't really been wanting to eat muffins either. So that is what I got grocery wise And then our meals came today. So I was talking about these last week So I'm gonna show you so they're by Cormay's meals and they come looking like this So this meal is broccoli red potatoes and chicken. Hey, man And then so I get four meals a week and Scott gets eight meals a week And then this one is chicken broccoli and quinoa And I think those are the two that I got for the whole week Let's see. Oh, this one is a poblano chicken salad It comes with like celery and some whole grain pita and a poblano sauce and then the last one in there It's another one with broccoli.  Oh That looks good. So Yeah, those are gonna be my lunches for the week So I'll probably just take them with me to school tomorrow and then just leave them in my fridge at school And then I don't have to what's doing you want to carry it? Wrong end buddy bed Here you want carrot Well, that one was on the floor. Can I have that one here? That one was yucky Thank you. Just take a bite and then move on Okay Alright, so I'm gonna put all these groceries away and then I'm gonna cook this guy dinner and then we're gonna just hang out Hey, what you got there? What is that? Is that a carrot do you say carrot? Carrot oh Dog, he's like carrots too, huh? No carrot for you. All right, let's see how he did here. So he ate all his chicken nuggets and he asked for more so He ate some avocado and he's eaten almost a whole cutie Most of it's in his mouth right now So we'll see how he does You're just gonna ignore me aren't you put your bowl in the sink, please put it in the sink So mama can wash it. He's so tired. You guys he didn't nap at school today We gonna put it in there Yeah, that's my boy. All right, let's go play with your new puzzle Let's take off your shoes and play with your new puzzle. Okay, so I found this at home goods It's just one of these like giant War puzzles and that that would be fun for cash and I to play with so it is now eight o'clock and Cash is already asleep. I put him down 30 minutes early tonight because he didn't nap at school So I know he's really tired.  I think is when the school is having the flu shots But I'm waiting for some popcorn to pop because I'm gonna have popcorn for a midnight or a late-night snack And I'm just gonna relax tonight. I'm gonna go to the gym tomorrow so I'm gonna pack a bag Tonight so that it's ready to go in the morning and then I was gonna work out tonight, but I'm just exhausted So I work out best either when I know I have a friend that I'm gonna go meet up with and work out at night with which is usually Wednesday Thursday Friday I work out with my friend Becca and Then during the week Monday and Tuesday. I work out after school on my way to pick up Cash today. I had too many errands to run so tomorrow after school.  I'm ready for work. I'm gonna do my makeup. I get there I'm just gonna pack all my food for the week Monday through Friday, or sorry Tuesday through Friday lunches and Tuesday through Friday breakfast. I don't really need to pack any snacks because my skinny drops These skinny tabs help me not really have any cravings So I don't feel like peckish throughout the day. And then these gummies also help me not really feel like snacky However, if I do feel snacky, I do have like Salami and hummus and stuff in my fridge at school So if I do feel like I need a snack, I have them Almost forgot My sriracha also going to the gym.  I got close enough So I'm gonna fill that up feed the dogs and then get on out of here Hey guys, so it is now About 615 on Monday. No Tuesday Tuesday 615 and I am cooking a hello fresh meal Scott is not home tonight, but We have Some hello fresh meals left from last week. So I'm just cooking it up right now so that we don't waste it I'm making the smothered pepper jack burgers with Sweet potato fries I was gonna have My home chef meal, but that one I just bought and it doesn't go bad for a couple days So I'll probably save it for Saturday. Let's see when it expired Doesn't expire till the 23rd So that means I have till tomorrow to make it. So maybe I will make it tomorrow Or maybe I'll just let Scott have it for lunch or I could make it tonight and then that way It's made and it doesn't go bad. I guess I should have maybe checked to see if we had food Before I bought it That's fine. There's like a dog barking Down the road and it's making all the dogs in the neighborhood park. What are you eating? Nuggets mac and cheese Yummy Oh good job Yeah, so after we eat dinner We'll just hang out for a little bit. We'll take baths and then we'll go to bed And then I'm gonna get started on laundry. So I might start laundry while he's like playing Depending on how neat he is. Maybe he can help me with laundry Mucus coming up I'm not talking like soft Slimy either talking about like chunky booger mucus Really nasty. So I Think what I'm gonna do after school today. I have a meeting Probably until four and then I'm gonna go to the gym And then I think I'm gonna take cash an eye to the doctor and Get some antibiotics because he already has a runny nose. So I already know where that's going It's also been tugging at his ears a lot I have suspicions But you know what the great thing is is I don't have any breakfast. I need to prep I don't have any lunch. I need to pack. So I'm gonna go to Starbucks and get one of those blue bomb drinks And that will make me feel better Hello friends. So it is Wednesday evening and Scott is home Which means he is in there reading books to cash before bed And I am putting together some laundry to put in the laundry baskets part of our deal on Our survival in the Valdes house is that Scott does the kitchen and does the dishes every morning So whatever dishes I use at night I just rinse them clean and then I leave them in the sink and then I just kind of pick up But he cleans the kitchen and then I'm responsible for doing all the laundry Cleaning it washing it putting it away hanging it up. So I'm gonna do that tonight But I thought it would be interesting because I have to clean out a pair of his work pants Just to see like what's in his pockets If you guys didn't know my husband is a police officer um, excuse me so he Obviously has a uniform and he keeps a lot of stuff in his pocket. So let's see what's in there. Okay first thing I Don't know what this is. Oh, I think it's one of those like Strops that they use and then this looks like a Key, I don't know It's really in there. Ah The bad makes me want to be like Mmm, I'm a police officer. Okay, the badge is in there Nothing else in that pocket normally he keeps way more in there, but oh This one's a gold mine over here.  Scott is not here He's actually working an overtime shift. He'll be home at like eight o'clock But I got a few things in the mail That I wanted to share with you guys and then I also had to pick up some prescriptions for cash and I because we're both sick He is spitting out all his food Okay, so first of all I Got my shipment in from lipstick and littles. I'll show you what I got So I ordered Three of her new made-to-teach items. I got myself and one of my co-workers a shirt She loves cheetah or leopard print. So I thought of her. I thought she would love this So I got her one and I got myself one. I got her small got myself a medium. I think Or maybe I got her an extra small. She's teeny tiny. I got her extra small Got myself a small and then I ordered this sweatshirt because I just could not live Without this peach colored sweatshirt How cute is that? And I'm really happy because Ashley my dear Ashley she threw in her made-to-teach stickers So I stuck that to my water bottle And then you guys are gonna totally laugh at me But I ordered this pack of pink stickers and I actually had them in my cart and then my friend Vanessa from my second grade life posted that she bought them So I picked out like ten of them that I really like for myself.   I know they're not the best for you They're like totally bad I mean, they're not organic and they're like super processed, but you guys are delicious So I have a little bit in there for me I'll enjoy that once my meal is done in 10 minutes the home chef meal was like Literally three minutes, and it was prepared The instructions came like that.  There's also an indoor playground there that I'd really like to Check out Scott has taken him there a few times, but I've never gotten to take him So I think we're gonna do that and then come home around to Take naps, and then I need to clean this house But you guys you know what like in my last video I noticed how like in the background like my house is a little dirty But you guys this is real life like I am a full-time Working mom I work I'm out of the house 6 a.m. To 4 p.m. So cleaning up is just not on my priority list I mean, yeah, I want my house to look clean and for the most part like my house is clean It's just that there's stuff everywhere because I have a toddler. So I'm not gonna worry about it. I'm not gonna apologize For clutter being the background of my videos because it's just how it is right now like my bedroom I'll show you guys what it looks like It's a mess. I mean we have stuff everywhere Which is why I need to clean up. I mean I have like these This is all clean laundry. These are all clean I like to do my laundry by hanging it up and then putting it away. I have like stuff just I mean There's stuff everywhere Huh?  Oh? I'm sorry. Okay. Oh Is this a tantrum Looks like one, huh? Mama to pick you up So that's what we're gonna do.   Yeah, it doesn't sound like he's saying truck does it? I think I'm gonna go ahead and end the vlog here just because it's Sunday and I have the whole vlog edited already I just have to add these last couple clips in but I hope you guys are enjoying these kind of like different vlogs at home after teaching But I think it's important for people to know that you can be a teacher and a mom it is possible and You can enjoy your children and not have to be working at home And I don't know. I don't know what I'm trying to say, but I'm enjoying filming these I'm enjoying being able to document the days I have with this guy So that I can go back and watch them because it's really important to me to be able to watch things back So anyway, I'll see you guys next week. Thank you guys for watching if you're not already following me on Instagram Go ahead and do that now. It's at apples and tiara's right here, and I'll see you guys in the next video. Bye