Hello everybody, Andrea Majeski here with Dental L. It is almost Christmas. I can't believe that Christmas Eve is on Monday and then Christmas Day on Tuesday and then Boxing Day. I have been taking some time off. I always take time off over the Christmas holidays because I love Christmas and that's kind of my time to take time off but at the same time to really spend time with everybody. For those of you who do know me, I do a little bit of everything. I'm always busy, busy, busy but that's how I like it but I do take time off over the Christmas holidays but I wanted to hop on to show you guys my new kind of office space. How do you guys like it? I have a new piece of artwork there that I found from Homesense, love Homesense. And if you guys can see the little decoration, decorative piece that I have there. So hope you guys like it. I'm so OCD in the way that I change up my office, I change up the layout of my office. Sorry, my hair just kind of looks messy for a second. I change up kind of how things look. I change up artwork probably monthly, like it's crazy but I wanted to find something to actually keep so that's why I went with something neutral and gray and kind of gold a little bit. So hope you guys like it. It kind of ties into my holiday sweater too. So hope you guys like my holiday sweater. I have like five of these. I love holiday sweaters. I love soft holiday socks. Anyways, so I wanted to hop on though quickly to kind of talk to you guys about how to study over the holidays. I did do a video like this a week or two ago but I'm still getting a lot of emails on just basically people saying, okay, I take the board exam soon either for the dental assisting board exam, the dental hygiene and what to do. How much do I study? Where do I start studying? How do I know if I'm studying too much? How do I know if I'm not studying enough? So the best piece of advice that I can give you is if you are part of my dental L membership. So if you have signed up for either the board exam prep academy or the dental L student program, you have access to all of that, okay? So you have mock exams, you have case studies, you have a previous session recordings for the past three years. Our tutoring sessions are about an hour long. So there's tons there. You have modules on every single topic of the curriculum that you need to know for the board exam. So you do have everything but I do understand that it can be very overwhelming and you might not know where to start. You might be thinking that you have studied so much but you still don't wanna put the books away yet because you haven't taken the board exam yet. So what I highly suggest doing is to mix it up. So you will hear me say this often. So even if you're not part of either the board exam prep academy or the dental L student program, that's okay. But just mix it up.  If you don't do well, say on your mock exam for oral pathology, then that means that you have to go back, read that chapter again. It might take you three hours but read it and truly understand it. If you are in my courses, then I always always say to mix it up. Meaning watch a tutoring session on the topic that you want. So let's say you want to learn about ethics and law. Look in our previous session recordings. Look for those ethics and law units. Watch that. It will be about an hour long per video. I think for ethics and law there might be two or three. And then do a mock exam after that, okay. The nice thing about listening and watching a video is you don't have to be sitting there per se and watching it. You can be wrapping Christmas presents. You can be doing the laundry. You can be cleaning the kitchen. You can be organizing your closet, whatever and listening to the videos at the same time. Now, if you're not able though to kind of listen and focus then you might just want to sit somewhere and listen to it instead of kind of multitasking. But I'm lucky and that I can multitask. I can listen to something and still do the dishes and understand what I've been listening to if that makes sense. So listen first and then take a mock exams that I do have for you on that topic. If you do well, perfect. Then that means you can move on to study something else. If you don't do well, then that means that you have missed the boat somewhere and either you have to listen to those ethics and law session recordings again or go back and read the modules that I have for you on ethics and law. So just try to mix it up. What I do not suggest is to sit there and read your textbook for five hours, okay. You will be exhausted, you won't learn anything. If you only have your textbook and that's all you have to study for, then read a couple of chapters every single day. It depends on the length of the chapter, but if that's all you do have to study from, then read a couple of chapters, take a break for a couple hours and then read a couple more chapters, take a break and then read again at nighttime because I do always say study six hours every single day at the most. At least one to two hours if you're either working full time, if you have something else to do, but study six hours maximum, not anymore because that's too much. You will not remember as much as if you take breaks and study in let's say two to three hour increments at a time. The best thing to do is study for a couple hours in the morning, take a break, study a couple hours in the afternoon, take a break and then study a couple hours at night. When I was a student, I would study at night because I was just more focused. So I did more throughout the day so that I didn't feel like, oh, I have to study, I have to study, I have to study because I knew by the time I got home, I could sit, relax, have a tea, whatever, read, listen, study and then that would make me tired and then I would have a great sleep after that. So it kind of depends on what works for you everybody's different, but try to mix it up, study in increments and last but not least, take a break you guys over the holidays, honestly. Even if you have your board exam, let's say in January, take a week off, okay?  Take the date to wrap presents, spend time with the people you love, take a break, you need it and then kind of go from there. So I hope that helps you guys, please let me know if you have any questions, good luck. As I said, I am off for the holidays, I'm coming back in January, the second week of January. If you email me, I might not be able to respond right away, but please do email me and I will get back to you as quickly as possible. If you are a student of mine in either the dental L student program or the board exam prep academy, you can post your questions anytime in our private Facebook group, I do check that at least every couple of hours, okay? So if you need to reach me, then that's another way to do it too. So thank you guys for watching, happy holidays and I will see you very, very soon.


Now, a good way to appreciate the importance of market prices is to think what a fix we would be in if we didn't have market prices. So let's do a thought experiment to get at the problems we would run into in the absence of market prices. And the thought experiment I want you to do is to imagine that you are the commissar of railroads in the old Soviet Union. Because we're back in the early days, the Bolsheviks have just taken over.  You are not one of the cynical administrators in later years. You are a passionate Marxist, eager to show the capitalist world that Marxism works better. A fervent belief in the benefits of central economic planning. The Bolsheviks have gotten rid of prices. They're trying to get rid of market prices entirely. They're planning directly for use rather than for profit and trying to operate the economy without the benefit of market prices. Central economic planning. Get away from this chaotic wastefulness of the capitalist economy where one company is trying to drive another company out of business. What absurd waste that is. Let our production be scientifically planned and put in the best locations to produce the goods we need without this chaotic wastefulness of the capitalist system. Now you're the commissar of railroads. And you know that you want to get a railroad from city A to city B. But you have a decision to make because there's a big mountain range between the two cities. And that means you have, of course, an infinite number of choices of the routes. But to keep the thought experiment simple, let's suppose you're trying to decide between going through the mountains or going around the mountains. You want to do that in the way that's best for the Soviet Union. And you know that if you go through the mountains, you're going to use a lot of engineering time because to build the trestles and the tunnels and the elaborate grading to get the railroad through the mountains, you're going to need to use the time of a lot of skilled engineers. And part of you hesitates to do that because you know your engineers are so urgently needed for lots of other things in the Soviet Union. For example, building mines, building irrigation systems, building harbor installations and all sorts of other things. And so your reasoning is that if engineering is more important on these other things than it is in the railroad, well then maybe rather than tie up all these engineers going through the mountains, I should then go around the mountains and I won't need to use so much engineering time. But if you go around the mountains, you're going to use much more steel because you'll have to lay down a lot more steel rail. Through the mountains would be shorter, you could use relatively little steel. Going around the mountains, you use a lot of steel. But you also hesitate to do that because you know steel is so urgently needed in all sorts of other uses. For example, building things mundane, things like pots and pans, the girders for hospitals and concert halls and so on, the steel for the vehicles that people need. And if steel is more important in those other uses than it is steel rails, you want to use less steel and go through the mountains and use the engineering instead. So basically you've got to decide this trade-off. Do I use more steel and less engineering going around? Because we'll imagine that on the trip around the mountains there are just a few stream crossings, so the engineering needs are minor. You use a lot of steel and less engineering, or go through the mountains and use much more engineering and less steel. You want to do what's best for the Soviet Union. You want it to be efficient for the country. Which way would you go? How would you decide what to do? I'd have to ask a lot of questions to a lot of people. You might have to ask a lot of questions to a lot of people. Like what? Well, I'd have to ask all the manufacturers of steel where they're sending their steel, how much steel they have, how much steel they produce. And then I'd also have to ask every other person in the Soviet Union who'd like steel, how much steel are you going to use, how much are you like, and then I'd have to ask how willing would you be to sacrifice this amount of steel if we used it on the railroad? Very good. Okay, so you're asking those questions to determine the urgency of need for steel. How urgently is it needed in other uses? And how abundant is it for these various uses? Good, what else might you need to know? Well, all of those questions, but with regard to engineering as well. I mean, perhaps you could look at some foreign capitalist system to see what their prices were, but they're still going to have different scarcities and different needs. Yeah, leave prices out of it. You'd need to know the urgency of need for engineers in other uses. For example, if you were considering an irrigation, the importance of engineers to build irrigation, you'd need to know things that the farmer knows, such as how much more output there would be from the fields if their fields were irrigated. So you'd need to know what difference is the irrigation going to make. But of course, you're not just interested in the output of the fields. You're interested in the value people put on those outputs. So you'd need to know what the various grocery customers know about how much they want that additional output. So you would need to know a lot of things. How would you get this information? Well, you'd have to have, assuming that you could do it, which of course you couldn't, you'd have to have a comprehensive plan for the whole country ranking all the different uses of steel and engineering time versus the output in terms of the utility for people they provide. And then you'd have to prioritize, by some kind of central committee, to determine what uses of the steel and engineering had the most priority and assign them accordingly, of course, that would be extremely difficult to do. How would you get that information? You'd have to survey everyone and ask. OK, and when you send out a survey, you send out a survey to the Babushkas of Siberia and say, how much more important to you are steel pots and pans than copper pots and pans? And they answer back, oh, much, much more, much more valuable. I'd have to ask them to assign numbers to it. You'd have to ask them to assign some sort of a ranking to it and all. OK, would this be a hard problem? Yes. This problem is known as the knowledge problem of central planning. And the knowledge problem central planning is simply that central planners cannot possibly know what they need to know in order to plan effectively. They just cannot get that knowledge. It's too complicated. So sometimes I begin this by asking students, which way would you go and why? Would you go through the mountains or around? And often there's a very long silence. And then I say to them, that's the right answer. You simply could not know which was the more efficient use, which was the more efficient route for your railroad. In the absence of all this information about the urgency of need for steel and its different other uses and engineering and its steel and other uses, that's the knowledge problem of central planning. It's one of the fundamental reasons why the Soviet Union failed, why central planning cannot work. Let's change the thought experiment slightly and keep all the physical details the same, except now you're not the commissar of railroads in the old Soviet Union, but you're the chief financial officer of a for-profit railroad somewhere in the commercialized capitalist west. And you have the same problem. And we'll assume that you have no trip difficulty getting the right of ways. Which way would you go?  Which everyone was cheaper. Which everyone was cheaper. Now I'm going to pick on you a little bit for effect. It's not met personally. Typical greedy capitalist. No concern for the well-being of the Soviet Union overall. Well, if I did. The commissar is motivated fundamentally at thinking about what's going to be the best for the success of this country overall and trying to make the decision on that basis. You, capitalist, by contrast, just think what's better from my own selfish company. By choosing what's cheaper. Hold on. I'll let you do it. Leaving more. You can take my punchline from me, aren't you? Sorry. That's fine. Good for you. Greedy capitalist. The greedy capitalist. No concern for the well-being of the nation as a whole. Just a focus on the well-being of my own company and my profits. But the wonder, the marvel of this is, go ahead. You want to do it? Just sure. By choosing what's cheaper, I'm inadvertently leaving more for everybody else to use. That's well said. By choosing what is cheaper, let's think how it works. You would have to compare. You would take the cost. You'd figure for the route through the mountains how much engineering would I need and multiply that by the price of engineering now. So that would give you what you'd have to spend on engineering. And similarly, what would I have to spend on steel going through the mountains? And what does steel cost? The steel where else costs? So you'd get a total cost for the route through the mountains. And you'd do the same for the trip for the route around the mountains and other things being equal. You would choose whichever route was cheaper. Now, what was your point there when you choose what's cheaper? You make sure that the goods that are more highly valuable by other people are conserved. Exactly right. When you choose what's cheaper, you thereby take into account all the specialized information all around the country that all the users of steel know about the importance of steel to them and the suppliers of steel know about how much they have on hand and what their production capability is. The urgency of need for engineering, the availability of engineers, because the urgency of need for steel and engineering is reflected in the price of steel and engineering. A higher urgency of need is going to translate into a higher price so that if steel is relatively more expensive, it's as if the price of steel is saying to you, hey, steel is urgently needed in a lot of other uses. If you can find a way to accomplish your purposes without using so much steel, take it. So you take the less expensive route using less steel and more engineering. You are thereby taking into account all the urgency of need elsewhere in the country and doing what is best for the rest of the country. You are conserving on things that others need more urgently. And the price system in this, I'm tempted to call it, miraculous way guides people in this manner to accomplish their purposes in ways that dovetail nicely with others' efforts to accomplish their purposes using scarce resources. That's the beauty of the price system.


The Grape Nuts and Grape Nuts Flakes Program, starring Jack Benny, with Mary Livingston, Phil Harris, Dennis Day, Rochester, and yours truly, Don Wilson. Don't try to do a good morning's work without an adequate breakfast. Dietitians say we need at least one quarter of our entire day's nourishment in the morning. And they also say we need a cereal with whole grain nourishment. And if you include delicious, malty rich grape nuts or crisp toasty brown grape nuts flakes as part of your breakfast, you're giving yourself a real break. For these tempting sweet-as-a-nuts cereals do provide essential whole grain nourishment. You get iron, niacin, vitamin B1, and man, oh man, you get those valuable food essentials in the most tempting way in the world. Or grape nuts and grape nuts flakes are downright swell-eating. So eat a good breakfast and do a better job, and feature delicious, nutritious grape nuts or grape nuts flakes. Ladies and gentlemen, we bring your arm- Oh, Don, Don Wilson. Yes? I'm Barbara, Barbara Stanley. Oh, hello, Barbara! Thank you. Say, Don, Jack called me about a half hour ago and told me that Mary had laryngitis, and he wanted to know if I'd come down and take her place. Well, that's awfully nice of you, Barbara, although we're very sorry to hear about Mary. By the way, did you see Jack? Yes, he's out in the hall talking to Dennis. I heard Dennis asking him for a raise. Yes, yes, I know. The kid tried to get a raise last week, but now he's willing to compromise. He only wants half as much. If I know Jack, he's holding out for unconditional surrender. That'll go on for weeks. Ah, but you've certainly got to admire Dennis. His motto is, if at first you don't succeed, try, try again. Well, Mary tells me he doesn't stand a chance, because Jack's motto is, if at first you don't get it, you just don't, brother. I feel sorry for the boy. You know, Barbara, it's hard to believe that Jack is so cheap. Cheap? Oh, listen, Don, I've known him for years. Remember that girl he used to go with, Gladys Zabisco? Remember? Yes. Well, Jack broke up with her because she moved to a 10-cent telephone zone. What a guy. Say, Phil, did you ever ask Jack for a raise? Yeah, but I had to cut it out. It's habit-forming. Oh. Well, anyway, Phil, you've got no kick coming. You're doing all right, aren't you? Yeah, but what am I going to do if Alice quits working? You'll be out in the hall where Dennis is. Gee, they've been out there three hours already. I wish they'd get it settled one way or the other. Yes, I know, Mr. Benny, but my mother said I really do deserve it.  Now, look, kid, look, you've been on this program for years. Now, when you first came to work for me, I paid you only $30 a week. That's right. And what am I paying you now? $35. There you are. Where? Now, look, look, Dennis, from the day you came to work for me, I've always had your interest. Hiya, Jack. Hello, Fibber. Now, Dennis, look, I've always looked out for your interest, and I always... But my mother's worried about my salary.  Well, it's quite a problem with her. She talked to Mr. Anthony twice. Well, your mother had no right to discuss our business. Now, you listen to me, Dennis. I'm paying you. Oh, my arm. Oh, pardon me. Pardon me. Pardon me, kid. Now, look, look, Dennis, you're getting $35 a week, aren't you? Yes, but I've got a cousin who makes $40 a week, and he's a shoe salesman. All right, all right. Your cousin makes $40, and he's a shoe salesman. That means he has to work every day in the week for it. Now, you don't work Monday, do you? No. You don't work Tuesday? No. You don't work Thursday? You forgot Wednesday. Yeah, Wednesday. No. Now, look, you don't work Friday, and you don't work Saturday. The whole week is almost over, and you haven't worked yet. Gee, I'm a bum. No. No, no, you're not, Dennis. You're not a bum. What I'm trying to explain is, oh, officer, would you please keep this crowd moving? Yes, sir. Come on, everybody. Break it up. Move along. Break it up. Come on. Come on. Thank you. Thank you. Now, Dennis, Dennis, where are you? I'm in the crowd. Come back here. What are you doing in that crowd? I was telling them my side of the story. Never mind that.  You see, kid? Oh, your glasses are hurting my nose. Oh, excuse me. Excuse me, Dennis. Now, listen, kid, money isn't everything. There are other things to consider, like, well, let me put it to you in another way. You see? What was wrong with that way? Nothing. But all the trouble I have, it's a wonder I'm not losing my hair. You see, Dennis, your song only runs two minutes, and for that, you get $35. That's $17.50 a minute. Now, there are 60 minutes every hour and 24 hours a day. Seven days a week. That's $750 a minute. Mr. Benning, it's against the rule or right on the walls. Oh, oh, I'm sorry, officer. You can erase it. I haven't finished erasing your argument with Kenny Baker yet. Oh, well, I'll do it myself.  There are 10,080 minutes in a week. And since you get $17.50 a minute, that means you're being paid $186,000 a week. Oh, boy, am I loaded. Yes, sir, $186,000. You know what that amounts to a year, kid? $9,672,000. What do you think of that, kid? Huh? And my cousin's been snubbing me. Yeah, I guess you can tell him off now. Well, let's go in, kid. We got a program to do. OK, Jack. Jack. We're both way up in the dough now. Right, kid. Potatoes are cheaper, tomatoes are cheaper. Hi, Jack. Hello, Eddie. Now's the time to fall in love. Dennis, let's go in. We got a program to do. Come on. Made by Phil Harris and his orchestra. Very good, Phil. And now, folks. Hey, Jackson. I've been wanting to talk to you. What about, Phil? Well, I'm pretty sore about last Sunday's show. Now, I'm the only guy that didn't have a line in the script. Well, that just happens, Phil. Sometimes you're left out, sometimes Don's left out. Sometimes I leave myself out. That I got to see. What do you mean? Mary told me the only time your voice was out of the script was the day you had that bed cold. And then you had sneezes written in. Don't be silly. You even had the script painted on Kleenex. Paint it? That's printed. They're printed on Kleenex. Well, Mary would have said it. Oh, yeah. Oh, Barbara. Stop exaggerating. Well, Mary said you haven't missed a line since 1912. Mary said, Mary said. That's how much she knows. In 1912, I was still in kindergarten. I'll bet you were the only kid there that used a straight razor.  Christmas is coming. Have you seen Santa Barbara? What's my number, honey? I had Lynn. I stink, really. Well, anyway, I was talking to Phil. What were you saying, Phil? Well, it's about last week's show. I didn't have no dialogue. Gee, and Alice had our little baby sitting by the radio to hear Daddy's voice. Well, she heard her daddy's music, didn't she? Yeah, and when I got home, she bit me. Oh, well, Phil, after all, your music isn't as bad as that. Go argue with the kid. Well, let me tell you something, Phil. I used to pan your orchestra a lot, but this year I think it's great. I'll say it's great. Everything is great.  What happened, Dennis? Did you get your raise? Who needs a raise? I can't count the door I'm making now. All right, all right, Dennis. Now, let's keep it quiet for a while. And now, folks... I can buy and sell you. Dennis. What's the matter with this kid? Say, Jackson, you've been giving Dennis the routine about making so much a minute. Well, I simply showed him how much better off he is with me than selling shoes. That's all. Oh, for heaven's sake, Jack, loosen up and give the kid a little raise. Look, it's a matter of principle, Barbara. Now, you may not know it, but I had an experience last year with one of my writers. He came to me with a heartbreaking story. Mr. Benny, I can't see very well. Will you please give me a raise so I can buy glasses? So what happened? I gave him a raise, he bought his glasses, read his contract, and left me. So go be nice to people. Now, where was I? You know, Barbara is a rule I don't like to take sides, but there's no question that Jack is underpaying all of us.  What did you say, Don? I said that we were all being underpaid, including me. Oh. Oh, so I'm paying you starvation wages. I suppose that stomach came with your suit. Now, listen, fellas, I've heard all I want to hear about salary and raises. This goes on every year, and I've had enough of it. Mary is satisfied. Oh, yeah? Asking for a raise gave her laryngitis. Well, Phil is satisfied. I am not. You ought to get Mr. Benny out in the hall. He's a sucker. No, I'm not, Dennis. I'm just trying to show you and everybody else how well off you are. See, Rochester's been working at my house for years. He's happy with his job. Oh, say, Jack, that reminds me. Mary spoke to Rochester about a maid yesterday, and he promised to bring his niece over to see her. I thought she had a maid. Yeah, but she quit. They had an argument about having breakfast in bed. Oh. Mary didn't feel like serving it to her there. Well, I'll call Rochester and tell him to, hey, wait a minute. When did you and Mary see Rochester? Yesterday afternoon, coming out of the movies. We saw him at Warner's Beverly Theater. You saw Rochester at Warner's Beverly Theater? Hmm. And he told me his best friend was getting married and he wanted the day off. Give me that phone. Here you are. Operator. Operator. When you hear the tone, the time will be... What? Oh, excuse me. I was on time signals all day yesterday. Number players. I want Crestview 6, 7-0. You know, when you're on time signals, you keep saying the same thing over and over and over and over. Look, Miss, Miss, all I'm trying to get is Crestview 6. You know, the day before yesterday, they had me on information. I want Crestview 6, 7-0. That drives your nuts all together. Well, Miss, look, I know how you feel, but I... You don't know how I feel. When Meudle and I came to work here, they promised to make me a supervisor. Listen, Miss... Meudle's my girlfriend and she ain't got half the education I got. Look, look. So who do you think they made a supervisor? All right, Myrtle. No, a complete stranger. Now look here, Miss, I'm sorry. Please get me my home, Crestview 6, 7-0, 7-1. Okay. That must be the fatherly type. Everybody tells me they're... Hello. That's strange. Is this Crestview 6, 7-0? I'm not talking to you. You gave me the wrong number. Operator, operator. Long distance. What? You see how they pushed me around? Look, Miss, you gave me the wrong number. I want Crestview 6, 7-0, 7-1. Okay. Why don't I get Rochester on the phone? I'll tell him a thing or two. I'll... Oh, Barbara, what am I mad at Rochester about? He told you he wanted a day off to go to his best friend's wedding and he went to Warner's Beverly Theater instead. Oh, he did, eh? That burns me up. Mr. Benny's residence? Starve, stage, green and radio. Rochester, this is Mr. Benny talking.  Rochester, how did you enjoy the wedding you went to yesterday? Oh, fine, boss, fine. That's good. By the way, did you promise to bring your niece over to see Miss Livingston about a maid's job? Yes, he's here now. We'll be right over. Uh-huh. Now tell me, Rochester, just where and when did you tell Miss Livingston about your niece? It was yesterday afternoon, just as I was coming out of the Beverly Theater. Uh-oh. You were coming out of the Beverly what? Chapel. Chapel, huh? Then you really did go to your best friend's wedding. Uh-huh. What's his name? Who? Your best friend. Oh, him. Yes, him. What's his name? I don't know, boss. He just got married. It's been changed. Now, wait a minute. When a couple gets married, it's the girl who changes her name. When did they start that? Three months ago. It's a new OPA ruling. Imagine going to the movies. Rochester, you lied to me. No, I didn't, boss. All right. Then what time was the wedding ceremony? Two o'clock. Were there many people there? The place was jammed. Who gave the bride away? The Warner Brothers. That doesn't. Now, Rochester, I'll talk to you about this whole matter when I get home. Meanwhile, you bring your niece over here right away if she wants that job. Now, goodbye. Goodbye. Oh, say, boss. Yes. Looks like my name goes on top of the list. What list? The people you get married with just before Christmas. Never mind that. Goodbye. Imagine them taking advantage of my good nature. Go ahead with your song, Dennis. Oh, Barbara, Rochester's bringing his niece over for you to interview for Mary. Clashing eyes in which my hopes Let me show you where my heart lies Let me prove that it adores That loveliness at the sky If it's me for whom those eyes glow Makes no difference where you are Is at the sky And if ever will my lips If it's me for whom those eyes Makes no difference where you are I sung by Dennis Dave And his million-dollar voice. That's right. And now... And now, ladies and gentlemen... Oh, say, Jack. Yes, Don. I meant to tell you how very sorry I was that I couldn't be at your house Thanksgiving. I had sort of a family reunion at my mother-in-law's. Oh, how was the turkey? I mean, how was the turkey? I'm sorry, I'm sorry, Don. That's all right. Did you have fun Thanksgiving?  We all played a game called What Is It? A game called What Is It? Well, that was nice. It goes something like this. I make up a poem, and you have to guess what I'm describing. Don, we haven't time for that. Oh, Lordy, take a minute. Now, listen. It's sweet as a nut and yum, yum, yummy. It's good on your plate, but better in your tummy. Now, what is it? I know, I know, but I'm not going to tell him. No, don't tell him, Barbara. Don't tell him. Well, I don't think you know, so I'll give you another hint. It's toasty brown and munchy crunchy. If you don't like it, you're slightly punchy. Now, what is it? I know, I know, I'm not going to tell him. Don't tell him, Phil. Don't tell him, audience. Don't prompt him. Just let him stand there all by himself. Yeah. Don't tell him. Oh, you're just doing that, Jack. Oh, I know what you're trying at. Now, look, Jack, I'll give you one last clue. All right. I'm Thanksgiving. It's so tasty. You will eat it, but all so hasty. Now, what is it? All right, all right, fellas. Let's give him the answer. It's grape nut flakes. It is not. It's turkey. What? Turkey? Why, Don? Ooh, what he said. Don, do you realize what you just uttered? Oh, sure, but it's okay, Jack. I took it up with the sponsor and he said it's perfectly all right for people to have turkey for Thanksgiving dinner instead of grape nut flakes. He's a great guy. Oh, he certainly is. Right now, I'm trying to clear it for Christmas. I see. Well, I'm sure you won't have any trouble. Say, Don, what about New Year's? Do you think that maybe you... Come in. Well, it's about time he got here. Hello, Rochester. Hello, Miss Stanley. Hello, boss. Rochester, you lied to me and I'm not forgiving you so easily. So don't talk to me. Oh, boss, let's not go through that again. Remember last time when you didn't talk to me for three weeks? For three weeks? Yes, ma'am. He was so mad at me he wouldn't tell me to sweep the floor or dust the furniture or make up the beds. Really? The house got so messy I had to move to a hotel. Now listen, Rochester. Oh, wait a minute, Jack. Mary asked me to interview her maid for her. Rochester, did you bring your niece with you? Yes, Miss Stanley. She's right here if you want to talk to her. Good. Butterfly, this is Miss Stanley. How do you do? Hello, Butterfly. Rochester told Miss Livingston you'd be interested in working for her as a maid. Yes, ma'am. Have you ever worked as a maid before? Yes, ma'am. And you worked for... Money. No, no, Butterfly. I mean, who did you work for? That was her name, Mrs. Money. M-U-N-I. Oh. Her husband's name is Paul. That's Muny, Paul Muny. Money. Well, tell me, Butterfly, have you worked for anyone else? Oh, yes, lots of people. But I worked for Mrs. Money the longest. I see. How long were you with her? Two days. Only two days? Mm-hmm. Well... something wrong. I don't know what to say.  Oh, I don't know. Butterfly, do you have any references? Oh, yes, ma'am. Right here in my bag. M-U-N-I. Money. Well, you could pronounce it that way, it is. Oh, my goodness. I lost my letter of reference. Oh, that's too bad. But I can remember it. Said to whom it may concern. Butterfly McQueen is honest, trustworthy, reliable... Rochester, are you in the habit of writing false references? Only once before, boss, and I'm still with you. Oh, yeah? Well, let me... Oh, Jack, let it go. Butterfly, I'll give you the job on approval. Okay, I approve. And nowadays, that's no joke. Thank you, Mrs. Livingston. It's a good standard. And I hope I'll be happy with Mrs. Livingston as I was with Mrs. Money only longer. I'm sure you will, Butterfly, and you can report to work tomorrow morning. Thank you, ma'am. Come on, Uncle Rochester. Okay, honey. So long, boss. Goodbye, goodbye. Listen, Butterfly, now that you've got the job, I want you to work hard and do everything Mrs. Livingston asked you to do. Mm-hmm. She's a very nice lady, and you'll enjoy working for her just like I do for Mr. Benny. But, Uncle Rochester, I thought Mr. B was mad at you. Oh, we have our little spats once in a while, but I wouldn't leave that man for anything.  Are you sure, Uncle Rochester? Am I sure? Why, yesterday, you gave me the whole deal! What's up about pin-up girls these days? But, right now, our government has a pin-up chart for all of us. It's a part of our Food Fights for Freedom program. Now, this pin-up chart is a scorecard to show how well your family is helping food fight by living up to the slogan, produce, conserve, share, and play square. And another important way we're asked to help is to buy more of the foods that are plentiful and un-rationed. Foods like delicious, malty-rich grape nuts and grape nut flakes.   Best of all, they're such perfectly swell, easy. Grape nuts, crisp and crunchy. Grape nuts, flakes, and delicate toasty brown flake form. Both glory in that same distinctive, sweet-as-a-nut flavor. So check up with that pin-up chart, friends, to see that you're doing your part in the Food Fights for Freedom program. And to check up on your pantry shelf, see that you have plenty of delicious grape nuts and grape nuts flakes handy. Well, that's all for tonight. Barbara, I want to thank you for coming over on a moment's notice and pinch-hitting merit. I was very happy to do it, Chad. I know you were. Good night, folks.


The impact that both Keith Williams and T-Martin have had on the Ravens organization before any receivers even touched the field. How dominant can this Ravens offensive line really be? Something a daffy away brings to the Ravens that they haven't had in a long time. These and many, many more questions on this episode of NFL Questions from subscribers. Hey there, buddy! How's it going? Engraving here. Good morning. Hope everything's good. Now before we dive into this episode of NFL Questions from subscribers, I gotta give you guys a little backstory on it. But while I'm giving you that backstory, you can check out this custom made jersey that I got from fcustom.com.  Let them know that I sent you. They'll take good care of you, buddy. But anyway, yesterday we made an episode of NFL Questions from subscribers. It was a quick episode. It was only like 15 minutes long because you know those things, they can go on for a really long time. But the title question was how dominant can this Ravens offensive line be? And it was a very, very good question and we dove into it. But check out this thumbnail. See, this thumbnail was going to be the thumbnail that I used for the video. But guess what happened about 15 minutes before that video was finished uploading? The Ravens decided, oh, we know that Engraving's gonna make a video on our offensive line in the current state of it. So we're going to go ahead and sign Alejandro Villanueva. So they signed Alejandro Villanueva and boom, that made that question not null and void, but it made my answer change because the answer that I answered, it featured Terry Phillips as a starting right tackle. But guess what, Alejandro Villanueva is going to be the starting right tackle. So this episode is going to be a little bit different. I just had to let you guys know ahead of time. I love you. Hope you can enjoy it. I appreciate y'all being willing to spend a lot of your time with us every single day, every single day. Real quick shout out to all the Team Keep It Clean patrons. Thank you for supporting the channel just a little bit extra. And just the Team Keep It Clean as a whole. Thank you for what you do. Thank you for coming to the videos. Thank you for commenting your thoughts on the videos, commenting your thoughts on the questions or whatever the topic is that we're talking about. And just really engaging with the videos and engaging with whatever it is that the subject is. So I appreciate that a lot. Thank you a lot. And we got a lot of good questions to get into. Let's do it. Now the new first question on this episode of NFL Questions from subscribers came from my boy Mike B. And this is the revised edition. You'll see the regular edition later on in the video. But anyway, it said to me, it feels like the majority of Ravens fans are more excited about being Cleveland than our first rounders, me included. Stanley, Cleveland, Bozeman. I'm locking him in at center. Zitler and probably Phillips at tackle. See, he had that same thing that I was thinking. But now let's insert Villanueva at tackle. He said, that sounds scary, but just how dominant do you think they could really be? And who was the most intriguing draft pick to you? Love you, man. I hope everything is good. So I'll save the draft pick question for later on. But right here, how dominant can this offensive line be? Now, so we flipped Villanueva and Phillips. So Villanueva insert him and removed Phillips and he can be a backup guy. So with Villanueva, I didn't know that he was six nine. I did not know that he was that much of a giant. I had no clue. And one thing that a lot of people have said about him, I see a lot of Steelers fans say, oh, he's not that good.   I saw that a lot. But I did see that in his run block wind percentage, he was actually higher than Orlando Brown, Jr. I believe and I was like, whoa, hold up, wait a minute. But then when you think about that with Alejandro Villanueva and I saw somebody in the comment section say, oh, man, he got that Spanish down. Oh, I mean, we live in Miami. We got no choice but to. But anyway, his job as a Ravens offensive lineman is completely different from his job as a Pittsburgh Steelers. Offensive lineman. Think about it. Pittsburgh Steelers, did they have a running game last year? No. No, no, they didn't. Did Ravens have a running game?  But his job is going to be so much different. You know, even though they did add receivers, they added semi walk-ins, they added Rashad Bateman, they added Tyler Wallace. Even though they're going to be making some changes to their offense, according to Greg Roman, seeing as believing them. But we can expect them to make some slight changes to their offense. There are still going to be a dominant running team. That's going to be their priority is the run game. We know that. So with Villanueva, that makes his job that much easier. It makes it that much easier. So even if he isn't the best pass blocker in the world, hey, guess what? That's not going to be your primary job. Now, you do need to protect Lamar Jackson now. You sure do. But the running game is what though is that's the Ravens bread and butter. So while you will still need to be a good pass blocker, you're not going to be asked to do it. Not nearly as much as he was asked to do it in Pittsburgh. Not nearly as much. Like these dudes, these guys, like they throw that ball everywhere. They throw that ball. And it's like a gift and occurs all at the same time. Now Ravens, they run that ball.  They would probably prefer to run block a lot more than pass block. Because pass block, not that you got to have more technique for pass blocking than run blocking, because they both require skill and smarts. But pass blocking, these guys are coming at you. The defense is coming at you. Run blocking, you going at them. So it's you versus them and just that wheelpower man. So Alejandro Villanueva, he came to a good spot, especially to because with Lamar Jackson, Lamar Jackson makes life easier as an offensive linemen. He really does. And he has elevated the play and elevated the level of offensive linemen around him. Yes. Because what he can do back there, he can make you look a lot better than you might be. He really can. Not to say that anybody who's offensive linemen is bad or whatnot, but he can make you look even better than you are. Because he can make a bad stat, wash away like that. Say for instance, you're offensive linemen and you allow pressure to get in. You're like, oh boy, I'm giving up a pressure. This is going to go on my resume. I'm giving up a pressure. Oh boy, I hope I don't give up a sack. Oh, that's not going to look good when it's time for me to reassign when I want to get my contract with my next team. I don't want to have given up a sack. But Lamar Jackson said, oh, somebody coming in. Okay. You know what? I'm out. Bye. He'll take off. He'll make people miss in the backfield. And that can make your offensive line like numbers wise. They'll look a lot better than what they are. So with Villanueva, Zitler, Bozeman, and then big Cleveland, big country, Ben Cleveland, and then Ronnie Stanley. And again, hopefully he's back 100% healthy. They can be very dominant. And I think what can make them even more dominant would be the playcaller would be the playcaller. And this is not me bashing Greg Roman whatsoever. But this is me pointing out that playcalling because there's times when the Ravens, there can be some questionable playcaller. There's times when the Ravens are doing something well. And then they decide, you know what? Let's let's go away from it. Let's completely go away from it in the Steelers game. That was a great example of it. These dudes were running all over in the first Steelers game, not the C19 Steelers. But in the first Steelers game, these dudes were running all over Pittsburgh running all over them. Pittsburgh cannot stop the run for nothing.  You know what? Forget the run game. Let's throw that ball all over the field. Let's throw it. And now the Ravens only lost by a score. But Steel, they were dominating in the run game. And they switched it up. That is so important, man. It's so important that playcalling is on point. And of course, execution has to be there as well. They go hand in hand. But it starts at the top. Playcalling is essential, man. Coaching has to be on point. Execution has to be on point from the players. It goes hand in hand. So everybody got to step it up that much more. And there has to be a certain level of consistency. Because if you establish that certain level of consistency, and you stack on that, like hardball likes to say, hey, stack good practices. Well, Ravens need to stack good coaching adjustments. And not even adjustments. If something is working, you don't need to adjust it. Keep it going. Keep it going. Not to say you can't switch it up every now and then. But if something is working, let it keep working. Stack those good plays on top of those good plays. That builds up confidence. And that confidence can build up dominance. Especially if you're having your way with running a certain style. Keep doing it. Keep doing it. Don't try to fix what's not broken. Oh, man. This could be a beautiful thing. And I love how the Ravens, they've addressed it. They've addressed it. Bowlsman got a gun go to his original position most likely. Cleveland will be the left guard. Hopefully, Ryan Stanley comes back. They got a right tackle in Villanueva. And they got a right guard in Zeitler. So they are doing a remix of this offensive line. So they knew that was a huge problem. They also added some more weapons for Lamar Jackson. They knew that was a problem as well. So I like the direction that it's headed. Initially, I honestly wanted Kelly over Villanueva than it's Kelly. And then I thought maybe, hey, they may be going in a whole another direction. Besides Villanueva or Kelly. But they obviously didn't. So let's go Villanueva. Let's get this thing done. And let's take another step forward as a team. Y'all enjoyed the rest of the questions from subscribers again. Remember, they were all before the Villanueva signing. I love y'all. I appreciate y'all. Enjoy the rest of the episode. So first question came from my boy Jordan. He said, what's up in Graven? Long time subscriber, new Patreon. They appreciate that, man. He said, I know where you keep wanting to know how much of an impact and voice Keith Williams and T. Martin are going to have for the Ravens. But I feel like they already have a pretty big impact. I don't think people heard EDC in the post draft presser when asked about the direction we're going with the wide receivers. He responded with, it really helped having a couple new sets of eyes on the offensive coaching staff and having their perspective on wide receivers was very beneficial, I think, to all of us. So with that being said, my question is how much of an impact do you think Keith Williams and T. Martin had to do with the Rashad Bateman pick? Sorry for the long message and keep up the good work. I hope you and the family are good. Appreciate that, man. That's a really good question. And I think they did have a lot to do with that. And the way you broke that down, that's a very good point. Shout out to my guy JT. We were just talking about this a few weeks ago and it had completely slipped my mind heading into the draft. But something that he brought up, he was like, their impact is going to be much bigger than just with the wide receivers that the Ravens already have. Their impact is going to be with any receivers that the Ravens get as well. And something that he mentioned, and I know a lot of y'all caught the same thing too, is with the Ravens, they didn't just go for guys with crazy speed. They didn't just go for guys with crazy height. They didn't just go for guys with crazy hands. What they went for in this draft when it came to the receiver position? Route runners. Route runners. Great route runners. And that can go such a long way. We've been talking about it on here for years. And I told y'all, I forgot who said it, whether it was Ocho Senko, I think it was him, or whether it was Steve Smith Sr. But one of those two talked about how we're at the wide receiver position. You can lose speed. You can lose height. Shout out to our Bateman if that's really true. But you can lose all that stuff.  Anyway, but if you have good route running, that will extend your career for such a long time, for a super long time. And we've seen it so many times before, especially at the tight end position too. We know these tight ends, they're slow. They can be disgustingly slow. But if they have good route running, they'll get separation. Same with wide receivers too. Same thing. The Ravens are, they really headed in a different direction and they're really trying to get this route game on point. Next question came from my boy Mike B. He said, to me it feels like a majority of the Ravens flock are more excited about being Cleveland than our first round is, me included. LOL, Stanley, Cleveland, Bozeman, I'm locking him in that center. Zytla and probably Philips at Tackle. That sounds scary, but just how dominant do you think they could really be? And who was the most intriguing draft pick to you? Love you, man. Hope everything is good your way. Everything is great, man. Shout out to my guy Mike B, man. He been rocking with us heavy for a minute, man. So I appreciate you, man. I hope everything going good with you and your school. I know that's been crazy busy on you. So man, yeah, I hope everything good though, man. How dominant do you think that they could really be? Stanley, we know what Stanley can do. And if he comes back and he's 100% and like really 100% will be good to go there. Left guard, if you put Cleveland there, hey, just seeing him, man. Like this dude, like it's going to be defensive lineman just looking at him. They're going to be like, oh, I don't want to go rush the quarterback. And then at center, Bradley Bozeman, because it seemed like that's more of a reality every day that we get closer to training camp and all that. Right guard, Zytla, who is good at his job and a veteran of the game, he knows his stuff. And then at right tackle, Tyree Phillips. Tyree Phillips. And I know a lot of people were down on Tyree Phillips from last year. But again, you guys to remember this whole C19 thing, that messed it up for everybody, man. It messed it up for everybody. So if you give this guy a full off season and then you have somebody strong next to him as well. And Kevin Zytla, like that with the offensive line, it is such like these guys, they work hand in hand. They work hand in hand, literally, like side by side. And they are only as strong as the guy next to them. So with him having Zytla there, somebody who got experience in the game, somebody who knows his stuff, that can help him at right tackle. And there's a possibility we still waiting for the Ravens to make another move on the offensive line at the tackle position. I know a guy who been like a three year starter or something like that for the Bears, he just got cut, or maybe it's even longer than that.  Just in case the Ravens feel like they want to go with a veteran, even if they just bring in a veteran just to be a backup. They have options. So this offensive line, they could be something serious. They really could, man, because they just, they got big boys up front, man. And especially with the Ben Cleveland pick, just seeing his numbers and how little, I think he allowed in his entire collegiate career, he allowed what, three QB pressures in one sec. That don't even make no sense, man. That makes absolutely zero sense, zero. Nothing about that makes any sense. That's crazy.  They really are. And I just, I'm looking forward to it and I really hope that they just kill it, man. And then he asked, who was the most intriguing draft pick to you? Most intriguing draft pick to me? O.A. is one of them, but if I had to drop a little bit lower, I would say Wade. I would say Wade because with him, they say he can play inside corner. And I hope that he doesn't get an opportunity. I really hope that he doesn't get an opportunity to play inside corner. But with history, it would show that he may be called upon a lot sooner rather than later because with Tay-Tay. And with Tay-Tay, again, we love him. Y'all know we love him. Shout out to him. And a special shout out to him too because I remember back when, ah, it was a couple of months back, well, a little more than a couple of months back where there was somebody who reached out because their little brother had actually passed and he wanted to know if there was anything that the Ravens could do. We reached out to Tay-Von Young and he said, hey, send me whatever and I'll take care of it. So shout out to Tay-Tay, man. But yeah, I just had to, because I remember that and it was just, that was special, man, because that's not something that he has to do but the fact that he was willing to do that, that was special, man. But with him, I know there's been the injury history and again, hopefully, that's what I say, hopefully Wade doesn't get to play because that would mean Tay-Von was healthy the entire season and he makes a big difference, man. And him being healthy, that allows Marlon to stay on the outside, Marcus Peters to stay on the outside, it allows Jimmy Smith to get a little less playing time because he won't be called upon so much so that helps with his health, too. It's just a domino effect. So hopefully that's what goes down this year at the cornerback position. It's just health, health. And that's why the Ravens, that's why they have such a stack secondary because they know like one injury could change everything literally like that. We've seen it. So that would probably be the most intriguing one to me and then of course, a way just to see how they can develop him and how much of a role he has on his team. Next question came from my guy, Teddy. He said, you ain't graven. I know everyone wants to talk about the Lamar Jackson contract extension and it is really important but another really important piece of the offense is in line for an extension as well, that being Mark Andrews. I'm just wondering if it's a mistake to not get his extension done before Hunter Henry and Jonu Smith got their contracts from the Patriots. Mark has been more productive than both of those players over the last three seasons. So he might look at their deals and expect to deal larger than them which EDC might not want to do. We'd love to get your thoughts on this and blessings. Oh, I appreciate it. Teddy and that is a very good question because yes, Mark Andrews is certainly do. And I mean, of course he will look at those deals and be like, I'm better than them. I want more money than them. Why wouldn't he? And again, with the market, it's not always about who's the best. It's not always about who's better. It's about timing. It's about timing more than anything in the world when it comes to the market at whatever position it might be because you can have a quarterback that's really not as good as the best quarterback in the league but he could end up making more than the best quarterback in the league because he got paid after the best quarterback in the league got his money. That's just how it works. And it happens every single year at so many different positions. So I can't say it was a mistake that they didn't sign him before the Jono Smith deals or before Hunter Henry deal. It wasn't a mistake. It just hasn't happened yet. They got some stuff to figure out with Lamar Jackson, his deal and Mark Andrews. But Mark Andrews, it'll be tougher. I mean, it should be easier to get him squared away. I mean, they're forced to get him squared away sooner. Or actually, you know what? What they could do because Lamar, they picked up his fifth year option. What they could do with Mark Andrews just in case they can't get a deal worked out. They could actually, next year, they could franchise tag him because Lamar will be on his fifth year option and Mark Andrews will be a free agent. They could franchise tag him. So that would allow them to give him the average of the top five salary tight ends. And then that will give them some more time to work on a contract extension. Next question came from my boy Dylan. He said, I ain't gravy on the team. Keep it clean. Hope all is well and everything is smooth sailing right now. I apologize if I'm a bit late to the party but just wanted to throw my two cents in about a doffy away. I'm not going to talk about numbers or anything like that. Every supporter will find certain numbers relating to him and make the statement true to the best of their ability. Plus, I think it's a tad unfair on someone who is still so raw with the game. Instead, I want to talk about what I believe this pick from Baltimore represents to us as fans and to the team itself. If we look back over time from our drafting, do we do well on defensive picks? We do decent to say the least. However, what I like is the progressive aggressiveness that our picks are taking. I know people would have preferred an offensive lineman with pick 31 and maybe a way it was a bit of a reach but like I said, I love the aggressiveness of the pick. And in our division, which is Smash Mouth football, we need big, quick physical players from ballware to Suggs to McPhee to Bowser and I know there's a whole lot more in between. The one thing our pass rushers had above anything else was size. For a time now, I personally think that we have been behind the eight ball where we have been stuck in drafting a prototypical pass rusher who clogs up space more than anything else. With the right coaching and the willingness to progress, I can see why a way can be a boom pick rather than a bust. Also, we have literally just finished with the draft. Not everyone is going to be pleased. Just trust the management and let's see what happens. All the best and stay safe. Yeah, I mean with the Ravens, that certainly wasn't an aggressive pick but yeah, they are a team that has been built on defense obviously. Over the past couple of years, a lot has changed and they've had the number one scoring offense over the past two years, which is crazy. But it's a good crazy because we appreciate that. But with this pick, with Adafi away, you didn't make a good point. Ravens usually get those space eaters along the defensive line. Why do they do that? Well, because their number one job is to stop the run. That's why they do that. That's what they're looking first and foremost from their defensive linemen. They are trying to stop the run. They don't want anybody running on them. That's been the Ravens thing on defense literally for forever, for forever. But one thing that they have been lacking a bit at the pass rush position, especially recently over the past couple of like, Suggs was the last guy that was like that guy. But he was the last guy that was just like really that consistent threat like that. But what they've been lacking at the pass rush position has really been speed. It's been speed. And Adafi away, he brings that element of speed that like, it's crazy, man. He was faster than Bateman. He faster than his own receivers. And like the speed is real. When I watch them on him, the speed is real. It's not just a 4-3. It's not just a combine 4-3. He got on field in game speed too. So that'll be a nice element that gets brought to the defense. And I'm just, I'm curious to see how this thing works out, man. And I'm very curious. Like I said, I got Mike B's question from earlier. I'm very curious to see what his role is with the team and how he does moving forward. What type of impact he has.


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