Okay, so good morning and good afternoon everyone. Welcome to this last day of day. Ladies and gentlemen, hello. Welcome to this day of our training. The first two days have been very instructive. We have seen the methodology, as well as the five sub-indicators of 11. Today, we are going to run the rest of the sub-indicators. Then, with our colleague from Netanyahu Warrant, we will receive an exposition from the FAA statistics department. Then, we will go to a very important part of the training that will focus on the questionnaires. These are the questionnaires that the FAA sends to the difference. It is a member for the data collection. Then, we are going to collect your contributions, your related concerns to the data collection of SdODD 41. So, ladies and gentlemen, we hope that we will have very important contributions that will allow us to better understand the realities of your countries and accompany you in terms of data collection. I would like to now pass the floor to my colleague Arbal for his exposition. Thank you, Stefania. Can you confirm that I am quite audible? Yes, you can. I will then share my screen with you. So, as Stefania mentioned, we have covered the six first sub-indicators. Then, we will go to the next slide. The six sub-indicators are important for modern-day agriculture when they are not very expensive. We are talking about the use of pesticides, as well as the types of pesticides that they use, as well as the measures of mitigation of the risks associated with these pesticides. What concerns the risks that are recommended in the use of pesticides is grouped in two. The first group is on health issues and the other group is on environmental issues. I would like to present the three health-related measures. First of all, the respect of the directives shown on the pesticides. What concerns their use? Second, the maintenance and maintenance of protection equipment after use. Thirdly, how to get rid of all the safety issues associated with pesticides. We have included all of these environmental measures related to the use of pesticides. The approach of these sub-indicators is designed by the source. The use of pesticides is classified in a way that is not very dangerous, depending on the classification of the OMS at the level of E3. In this case, if the firm must respect the three health measures and at least four of the seven environmental protection measures. No, if the firm does not use pesticides, in this case, automatically, this agricultural exploitation is classified as green. Because, precisely, it has no incidence on human health or the environment. The exploitation would be classified as green if it uses dangerous pesticides in a moderate or very low way, depending on the classification of the OMS at the level of E3, and takes at least two measures to solve the problems of human and environmental health. The exploitation would be classified as red when it uses a lot of dangerous pesticides or illegal pesticides. Or if it uses them in a moderate or very low way, without taking the risk associated with the use of pesticides. Once again, I will present the result from the pilot test organized in Bangladesh. As you have seen, we have asked questions to the exploiters. Based on their responses, we have categorized their exploitation as well as the agricultural zones. We have tried to see if the use of pesticides in these exploitation are acceptable, suitable or not sustainable. We have asked the first question, which is to know, do you use pesticides? If the answer is yes, we are looking to see what kind of pesticides are used. When we get the answers to these questions, we ask them the following question, which is to know what are the number of measures that I use in their activity. For example, exploitation number one has three environmental measures and two health measures. In this case, it is not sustainable because it uses very dangerous and illegal pesticides. Exploitation number two also uses moderate pesticides and environmental measures and two health measures. Therefore, we agree with them on the acceptable title. For example, we have an example of a suitable term. Here, they use pesticides. Number 12, they use very little or moderate or very little dangerous pesticides. We have four measures to protect the environment and three for human health. So, it is classified as suitable. And as I said earlier, when we have such a situation, we have to classify exploitation as green. Then, the last step is to define the status of sustainability in our culture. And as usual, after we have classified the green, yellow, and green farms, we make the sum, then we use the formulas that we had presented to be able to define exactly the proportion that is a yellow, green, or red. I return now to my file, Excel. Just bear with me for a second. In the meanwhile, if you have any questions, while I'm displaying my screen, please feel free to ask. One minute, if you have any questions, you can already ask them while I'm solving this little technical problem that I have at my level. Okay. Okay. Okay. Stefania, would you mind displaying the Excel sheet on your computer because I'm. Stefania, could you do the screen part of your computer because I can't see anything at this level. Okay, just let me know if the size is fine. Please increase the size. Let me know if the size is appropriate. No, it will increase a little bit. Yes, it's already better. As you can see here, we have a series of questions that are integrated into the agricultural survey so that we can, so that we can collect the information that is necessary in relation to the nature of pesticides and the measures taken by the exploitation. I am concerned about the use of pesticides in these activities. The very first question. Stefania, a little bit more. The first question is to know, is this farm using pesticides for agricultural or animal production? You know, the answer to this question is direct yes or no. Now, if the answer is yes, we ask the question, what kind of pesticides do you use? You can see here, we have moderate or a little dangerous pesticides and highly or extremely dangerous or illegal pesticides. So, the definition of this character, the level of nocivity, noci, of pesticides has been denied by the WHO. We are going to share with you the link in front of you, allowing you to know exactly how to classify pesticides. The third question is the following. If the exploitation uses moderate or very dangerous pesticides, we ask them the question of knowing if there are measures that are in place to mitigate the risks associated with this pesticide. And in this sense, we ask if there are measures that have been put in place to protect the people who use pesticides. Then we have three options that we present to them. Firstly, the respect of the directive concerning the use of pesticides. Secondly, the maintenance and cleaning of the protection equipment after use. And thirdly, the measures for the destruction of waste associated with pesticides. Then we also ask if there are specific measures to avoid environmental risks, as much for me. And in this sense, the answer is once again direct yes or no. If the answer is yes, we seek to know the number of measures adopted to protect the environment. Here is the list of measures that have been presented. And the options are there. You see that the exploitation can choose a mix of measures to mitigate the risks associated with this pesticide. On the basis of the information that we have obtained through these questions, we go to the right where we have the analysis. This analysis is based on the responses that we have obtained through the questions that we have asked. So for exploitation number one, use of pesticides, yes, types of pesticides. The answer is there. Then we asked the question, have measures been taken to mitigate the risks and the protection of human health as well as the environment? You see that there is, for example, one measure of protection for human health and three measures are taken to protect the environment of the 12 that we have proposed. As you can see here, we have 12. We had seven. But that does not cause confusion because we have tried to decompose certain measures to be able to obtain specific responses within the exploiters. On the basis of the logic that I had explained, which carries on the definition for this indicator, here are the consolidated information. This information will allow us to categorize the exploitation. The first column here, use of pesticides, yes, the types we have here, the environmental measures three and the measures for the protection of health, two. At level five, stage five, the exploitation is classified as green. Here, well, it respects all the three measures for human health and this measure for the protection of the environment. So this first exploitation does not respect the criteria to be categorized as green. Here, the condition is that the farm is at least two measures of protection for human health and the environment. Now, this farm does not even respect this criteria because we needed two. So they have one or rather one measure for the protection of health. Not consequently, we classify them as red. Farm number two, yes, uses moderate or a bit dangerous pesticides, environmental measures two, health two. This is acceptable. Farm number five does not use pesticides at all, therefore, we no longer need to ask questions of life automatically. This farm is green. Now, we go to farm number nine, uses moderate and a bit dangerous pesticides. Now, environmental measures five, health three, so our categories are also green. So let's just stop here. So now, step number six, using the same logic, we attribute the colors. And on the basis of the results, we define the status of sustainability in each area exploited or cultivated. Then we make the sum of the areas in green, in yellow and in red. Then we divide this by the total cultivation. This allows us to determine the proportions relative to the durability at the national level. Thank you. Before I pass the question to the question-answer session, I would like to invite the different participants to ask the question in the Q&A box. But already two people have asked a question in the conversation option. We do not give it for now. The first question is the following. The person who answers the question may not know if these pesticides are dangerous or not. How did you get into Bangladesh? And secondly, how could we classify these pesticides? As I said earlier, it is true. The exploiters may not know the categorization of pesticides. Now, on the basis of this perspective, in the manual of the numerators, you have more explanations that should allow those of you who are sensitive to the exploiters who concern the different types of pesticides. The pesticides that are at the level of dangerousness, moderate or not, there are specific ones that are used. Sometimes you have green, red and yellow colors. On the basis of these colors, we can invite the answerer to tell us exactly what kind of pesticides. Once again, allow me to say that the role of these numerators in what concerns this survey is very important. This is why you have to put a lot of emphasis on the formation of numerators so that those of you who can obtain the appropriate answers can be able to find the answer to the question. So, thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. percentage of superficies on which the exploiter applies his pesticide. And in this case, we don't pay attention to the fact that he uses the pesticides on a single parcel or on two parcels or on all his exploitation. He uses it on one parcel or two or on all parcels. We always have to ask this question. The fact is that if he uses the pesticides in an inappropriate way at the level of a parcel, it means that he will repeat the same mistakes on the other parcel. So the objective is to do the practice of the exploiter, that is to say what he does on his exploitation without taking into account the percentage of the surface that makes the pesticide. For us, even if he uses the pesticide on 1% of all his exploitation, we will attribute the color according to his approach to the use of pesticides on this parcel. This is the way we are going to take ourselves. Otherwise, we will be able to complicate the procedure. That is to say, see what is the percentage and now say how can we draw the conclusion that on one parcel he uses the good practice and on the other he does not use the good practice. We do not take into account the specific surface that makes the application of pesticides. For us, we can do it together and work with that. We have more questions. You can go ahead, I think. Go ahead, Cassandra. So, the eight and the last under the indicator is the use of practices supported by biodiversity. So I will give you this under the indicator after the object of the 2019 distribution in the framework of the framework review. So this discussion was with participants from Chile, from Brazil, from Russia and other states. After the discussion of the year 2019, a commitment on the criteria was reached and presented to the inter-institutional group who adopted the methodology of these under-indicators. From a methodological point of view, the under-indicators measured the level of production, the practice of biodiversity by exploitation in the ecosystem, the species, and the genetics for the plants and the details. It has been noted that at the level of these under-indicators, the spread is the whole surface of exploitation in relation to the cultivated area at the level of divinators by other under-indicators. So this practice of biodiversity has a characteristic other than the others. To know if there is any practice related to the practice of biodiversity, it would be to see if the biological certification is adopted or not. So we have proposed five criteria in the framework where there is no biological certification. All the information at this level is retained in terms of productivity, which is given to the under-indicators of resilience. Most of the information required for the first and third criteria are already collected in the case of the under-indicators of productivity. The second and fifth criteria need additional questions to be included in this survey in order to collect appropriate information. So we propose five criteria for countries that do not have biological certification in place for those who have biological certification in place. The five criteria remain the same. And we propose a new domain that we have underlined in red, namely agricultural products at the level of farmers who are bio-certified or know the certification process with the application of a bio-in-place system. So for countries that do not have biological certification in place, the expectation will be called green. It will be said that it would be necessary to request at least three secretaries. And to be able to be classified, you must have at least one of these criteria and if you do not have any, you are classified red. Remember, instead of six criteria, we have five criteria and in this subject, the application will be classified green if it corresponds to two of the five criteria. If there is none at all, it will be categorized as zero. And if it respects one of the criteria, it will be classified yellow. We do not have the possibility to test these indicators because as you remember, the Bangladesh test was conducted at the end of 2018 at the beginning of 2019. And as I already indicated at the beginning, these indicators have always been the subject of discussion and have not been finalized until November 2019. And so we still have tests on these particular indicators. So I'm going to show you the Excel file, the Excel table. So as I said, the most important information needed to analyze these indicators has already been collected in the context of these indicators. For example, the first one, which is the cultivation of voice exploitation in the area of agricultural production that is given here, is the total cultivation of voice exploitation. For these indicators, the total voice exploitation of voice exploitation is the total voice exploitation of exploitation that is taken into account. The second question that we have to answer which is based on the model of the survey, is the one that deals with the natural diversification of livestock. The wet areas are not part of the areas taken into account. So for this particular indicator, we consider it as part of these indicators. So at this level, the wet areas are not part of this enumeration. There is another criteria that raises the use of antimicrobial growth promoters for raising. So is the exploitation produced by cultures or speculations of animals that are certified biologically or in a process of certification? So you will see that these are the information that has already been collected and in relation to the questions already indicated, you have no more to collect the information because they have already been obtained. So the other element is to know what was the percentage of the agricultural superficie where there is a rotation between the culture and the culture involving at least two different types of practice. So at this level, it is the species of animals that are raised. Here are the raised numbers and we also have a question on this subject. In total, we have five additional questions. One is the one that has already been taken into account in the other indicators. Now let's move on to the analysis part. So you will see here, instead of the agricultural area, we can consider the agricultural superficie as a denominator. And what interests us is the areas having a natural vegetation. And we will simply divide the area under natural vegetation or diverse vegetation in terms of exploitation. Call on one of the criteria at this level so that the exploitation is qualified for its durability. The first criteria was that exploitation must have 10% or 10% of its area or its total superficie as a natural vegetation for diversity. So at this level, you see, it is 9% and it does not respond to criteria number one. And then there is this question for the criteria that is trying to find out if exploitation produces bio-seculation. The answer to the question was yes. And in this criteria, is it necessary to use a very important micro-e to promote growth? No. Just as you know, it is about encouraging a telepathic in the production of speculation culture. Then the information collected for the other indicators are served in criteria four. Served in criteria four. We just have to collect the information based on the physical quantity. We have already discussed in the case of other indicators and we estimate the value of production. And then we will see the contribution of speculation or the contribution of the details in the value of production of this exploitation and based on this percentage, for the culture 28% and for the animals, or for the livestock, it is 8%. We will indicate at least for those who share the cultural heritage, the animals, the product, the line. So, one, two, three, four, the fourth aquaculture that contributes to the production of exploitation and reinforces this criteria. Now, in relation to the rotation of cultures without indicating a specific percentage, we just ask to know if this practice is done at the level of exploitation and whether it is also achieved or satisfied. No. In fact, the percentage is 8%. You indicated it. And this exploitation practices the rotation of cultures at 19% on the total surface of exploitation. And then, you know, the final information is about the criteria, the last criteria that carries on the local species adapted, the identification of local species adapted within each animal species. We have cows and cows. This is the table. Once all these information is analysed, now, exploitation 1, we will proceed with criteria by criteria. So, the practice of biodiversity adopted at the level of this exploitation 4 on the six that we had identified. And as you can see here, the exploitation will be categorized as a category of species, and the exploitation will be categorized as a verb, which means that at least it has satisfied three of these criteria. And this whole thing will improve this exploitation, a qualifier of a suitable level. There is a little error here. And at this level, Stefania, we will have to change the number of practices of biodiversity satisfied by this exploitation. One is four instead of five. The total number is four instead of five. Once again, the last table, we will have to categorize the categories in green, in yellow, in red, and we will calculate the proportions at the national level. So, any questions? Do you have any questions? We have questions. Do all countries know in which group they are bio or non-bio? No. No. No. Which country has a bio certification and the one that has it? No, we know what the percentage of cultivable bio certificate is. We recognize these information from countries over time at the FAO level, but the part of a country to know if it wants to administer the questionnaire on bio certification. If a country in Africa could have 2 or 3% of all of this on bio certificate. Regarding the question that you are trying to administer, you can ask the question on bio certification. If exploitation is fundamentally based on bio certification, it will answer the question if it does not practice bio certification. This question will automatically be ignored in the process. In this case, there will be countries for which bio certification or the question on bio certification will be asked. If this exploitation practices bio certification, it will take measures to improve the situation or start the certification process. There is no more question for the moment. I will make a pause to the question. We want to end the relative part of the environment. Of course, if there are questions, I am available to answer. I see a raised hand. No, I do not see it. I do not have any message. I think this hand might have been raised by environmental dimension. Okay. Let me then go to the next one. I will now pass it to the next presentation. We have covered three sub-indicators in the economic sector. In fact, we have covered the agricultural production and the prices for the culture and the details, which are produced by the environment to ask questions to the country about the sub-indicators on the use of different agricultural entrances, whether it is water, the soil, the crops, the pesticides, and we ask the country if we have appropriate practices for the preservation of the environment. That was the environmental dimension, but what we ask is that we analyze the impact of agriculture on the environment in terms of the sustainability of agriculture. At the social dimension, we have this sub-indicator. The first was this sub-indicator on the numbering of farmers, farmers, as defined by AISCO in other words, it informs the economic risk of the farmers, of those who have simple jobs on the use of tools, of transportation, of crops and food. At this level, it is important to know how well it is paid to those who are non-qualified or who work on the use of tools. It is a reference to compare to the minimum wage rate or to the minimum wage paid to this working class. So in terms of the calculation of the wage rate of this worker, it is exactly how much it is paid to this worker or it has information on the amount of money paid to this worker. In this case, it has no idea of the daily wage for the daily wage of this worker divided by the total number of workers divided by eight to obtain the daily wage. The criteria proposed for this indicator is very simple. If the wage paid is beyond the SMIG or if it is available, we have the categorized class for this worker. If the exploitation does not have any use of this non-qualified worker, it will be classified because we cannot evaluate the durability of this worker on the ground and will be categorized in order to accept if the wage paid is equal to the SMIG or what is paid at the agricultural sector and the exploitation is red if what is paid is beyond the SMIG. On the basis of available information or obtained you know the exploitation of this worker is categorized as green, yellow or red. Let me go to the next slide. I want to move on to the next slide. Now, which question should we ask to get the first question and to know whether this exploitation is required to undertake simple tasks or simple routines. explain to the respondent to the premise of having a clear idea of what we're talking about with this routine or this simple task. Depending on the explanation that he or she has given, he or she will say yes or no. If the answer is yes, we will move on to the next question. How much is it paid in average in liquid or in species or in nature to these workers per day? So, the answer will be obtained. And if the exploitation of information on the entire mountain is paid to the workers, these workers who exercise simple activities, we will see how much time they will have to work and we will calculate the daily salary or the daily mountain. And even if the exploitation has direct information on this subject, we will obtain this information. For the others, the questions are the same. For the seven indicators regarding the resources. So, employed, recruited, yes, the minimum wage is 9 days, the minimum salary is at the level of 1,000 or what is determined in the school sector. We will proceed to determine if these elements exist and if that is equal to this. If these elements exist, green, if that is equal to that, yellow, that's it. Only one exploitation is paid and it looks beyond the SMIG. So it is categorized in the green classes. I think the rest is clear to you. We have embedded the different areas with different colors. By defining the proportion of the cultivable area. We will have to explain, I would like to have explanations on the multiplication factor. Multiplication by eight in the formula proposed. Hello, Sander. Yes. Okay, so maybe you want to explain the formula again. Okay, so I thought there was a question. Okay. That was the question. To go back here. What is your question? For us to collect information. There are two means for the collection of information related to the salary of the workers. The workers have direct and simple activities. There are two means. First of all, it is to ask what is the lowest value of the salary paid by the firm to the workers. Now, if the exploiters know the average salary paid in local debt, then that's it. That solves the problem. You get the information about the daily salary. It is also possible that they say, well, I don't know how much I pay for the workers who do very basic activities. But here is the amount that I pay to all the workers at the end of the year. Let's say, for example, I pay 10,000 units in local debt to all the employees or workers. And in this case, since we need to have an idea of a daily salary, we then ask, what is the minimum wage that the workers work for? This gives us a global estimate, which allows us to obtain, thanks to the division, the amount paid by the workers. And since we need to have the daily salary, we multiply it by the amount they have for working days. That is to say, 8 hours. 8 hours is the number of less activities per month. So we multiply it by 8 to obtain the value of the day. So if we cannot directly obtain the daily salary of the workers, we are obliged to proceed through the annual amount, then the number of workers who work per day divided by the number of days to obtain the total number per day is divided by 8 to be able to determine the value of their daily salary. There are other questions, Mr. Alex, if you would like to intervene, go ahead. Thank you, Stéphania. I would like to know something. In the case of a country, we do not know the minimum wage. How are we going to take it? Once again, as I said yesterday, when you ask the question to the employer, it would be a measure of giving you the answer because the minimum wage will depend on regions and countries. But the fact is that the socialists have to know if their minimum wage is below the national minimum wage. And unless we add this to this question, we could not be a measure of knowing what is the minimum wage in the agricultural sector. Often, these information is available. These salaries are predetermined by the government, and according to the law, each person has the right to see exactly this amount or see more. So in each country, there are laws that require the employer to pay a minimum wage. But whether it is in the agricultural sector or any other sector, now, regarding the agricultural sector, it is obvious that we will not be able to know in advance what it is. At least, we ask the question to the employers. It is them who will be able to tell us exactly how much they pay. Thank you. We have another question from Mr. Nivea. And as a matter of fact, it would also be necessary to consider the possibility that the employer would pay a minimum wage in terms of liquidity and also to obtain food and others. Yes, exactly. The guide, this has been taken into consideration. When you take the manual of the employer and the methodological guide, this point has been well explained. The minimum wage is not simply the liquidity that it receives, but it also includes the amount that it receives in nature. Or the salary that it receives in nature rather. Thank you. Since there are no other questions about this indicator, we can move forward. Now, food insecurity experience scale. Now, the index of the experience of food insecurity or FUS. There are two points of all. This already has a well-established methodology and is the subject of period collections by the countries that have a relationship to this. This is what I am trying to measure. At what level does the consumer feel threatened by food insecurity, and despite its agricultural production? I do not want to go into the details of the way in which we can determine the level of food insecurity. Because, first of all, you know very well how to do it. Secondly, because we do not have enough time. And thirdly, because this indicator has already made the subject of several online courses that allow you to easily know the methodology. I am going to present briefly its methodology and you will see it in the different publications of the FAO and other institutions in this sense. When you see it on this diapo, unlike the other indicators that protect all types of exploitation, this indicator only applies to farms or mining operations. FIES is a matrix of the experience of food insecurity that was built to measure the very measurable characteristics following the response of people given to eight related questions about the availability of food. First, the question is about the availability of food for food. Next, I also bring it on the evaluation of lack of food or food at the level of exploitation. Here are the eight questions that are used to collect this information within the farms. I do not want to go into the details of each of these questions. Because the detailed explanation is found in the PDF document that is added to this test. If the link you have at your level does not match, we will send you the link. Once you get the data from these eight questions, the next step is to prepare the data for the analysis. And you use the norm related to FIES. I do this presentation by assuming that you know a little about this FIES indicator. On the contrary, we will send you the documents and tools necessary to better familiarize yourself with this indicator. Second, the data are entered into the models prepared by the FIA for estimates. That is, the experience of food security associated with each question and the answers provided by the respondents. We have calculated two parameters. The first is the parameters of the model that we know as difficulty parameters. The second is to make references and derive eight questions. And then the parameters of the respondents and who make references or derive the number of people who have answered the question. The third step is the statistical validation. And we estimate the different parameters. That is to say, we verify if the data are a comparison with the theories that we have. Then we go to the calculation of the state of durability of the exploitation. That is to say that the level of food security experience expressed by each respondent on the basis of the answers provided to the questions allows us to define the status of the exploitation. That is to say the three colors yellow, yellow, red and green. I will better present what we have done on the basis of collected data. We prepare the analysis. Each one of the data elements is coded. Two is used for no response and one for a positive response. After the codification, the labels are normally used. We replace the yes and the no with the code. Then we use the labels that you see here. That is to say, it varies from one exploitation to another. But this does not really count. We have a good health care, a little food, and food that is eaten so far. Once the data is well coded and the labels appropriate are used, the next step is to go to the estimation of the parameters. The methodology that supports the estimation of relative parameters to the prevalence of food security is based on the theory of non-reresponse. This allows us to analyze the answers given to the surveys. The IRT, or this theory, is a quantitative measure of non-observable constructions that decodes different characteristics of the attempt. Then the hash model is used. The parameters of difficulty are categorized by the least severe to the most severe. That is to say, when someone spends a whole day without eating, for example, these parameters are estimated according to the parameters. What you need to do is enter the data in the model. And the model itself will generate all these parameters. After that, the parameters of the respondents are used by using the brutal scores. This is a positive number between 0 and 1. An important point to keep in mind is that each of the respondents will answer 8 or the same type of questions. Whatever the questions are, we must have the same brutal score. This is an ordinary measure that means that someone who has a brutal score of 4 lives in a more difficult situation than someone who has less. But at the same time, this does not allow us to determine with precision the condition of food security of the person. This model, once again, helps us to generate the estimation of parameters, the normalized errors and others. Once all these parameters have been estimated, then the prevalence rate of food security can be increased a little bit. Through Excel, don't elaborate the FAO. This document is available here. Allow me to summarize everything I just said. You include these questions in your questionnaire. You get the answers yes or no with the respondents. And those are the 8 questions. You attribute codes and labels to these questions. Then you center these answers in the models that give you the parameters, the elements and the answers. While taking into account the measures, the errors and others. You use the information generated by the RASH model that you now include on the sheet that was prepared by the FAO to determine the level of severity of the experience of food insecurity. So we include this information in the Excel file. We include the difficulty parameters here. We include the respondents' parameters as well as the frequency of the errors and errors. And then you add the answers to the same file. The table will help us to generate the probability of having a severe or moderate food security situation for each agricultural exploitation. This is based on the answers obtained through the RASH model. Or rather, based on the results of each raw score obtained, we can know the severe, moderate and moderate situations. We can know that these probabilities are the subject of estimation. What we need to do is to attribute the status of durability to the farm. How are we going to take the farm? We can consider as a means of experimenting with the amount of food insecurity if its percentage is less than 0.5 and the probability of having a severe food insecurity situation is less than 0.5. In this case, the farm is done. If the probability of having a severe food insecurity situation is less than 0.5, then we will create this farm at the level of 10. How do we do it? I think we use the model for each agricultural farm because we ask the owner of the exploitation. Now, based on the raw score, we will be able to attribute the probability of having a severe food insecurity. As you can see here, for the farm number 1, the raw score is 0 and the probability of having a severe food insecurity situation is less than 0. Therefore, this farm is considered as desirable. As you can see, the probability of having a severe food insecurity situation is less than 0.5. Let's go to the farm number 4. For this farm, the raw score is 4. We have obtained four positive responses from the questionnaire. Based on this perspective, the probability of being moderately or severely affected by food insecurity is less than 0.7. Therefore, this farm is considered as acceptable. As you can see here, the farm number 13 at the bottom has given a positive response. It has given eight positive responses in relation to this experience. Therefore, the probability of having a severe food insecurity situation is less than 0.5 and therefore is not sustainable. The last part is practically the same as for the other indicators. We estimate the sum of green, yellow and red zones. We divide them by the total area that the TV can obtain the percentage by color. I will stop here because I have to say that this part is quite complex, especially the analysis aspect. What I will recommend is that if you do not master the methodology of this indicator, I will invite you to take online classes related to this indicator so that you can better master the different concepts and terminology that I have just shared with you. Once you do this, you will see that things will be much clearer and easier to understand. If after that you still have questions, you can always contact us and we will try to answer you or we will answer you to the appropriate people in attendance. If you have any questions, you can ask them. Thank you. No questions for the moment. Maybe after the study of the Excel fire, there will be questions. What I will repeat at this level is that we integrate the questions. We integrate the eight questions in the questionnaire module. We have tried to obtain the answers of the appropriate people in attendance. We have one question. You want to finish what you do or do you want to take? In this case, let me finish what I said and we will take the question. As I said, we include the eight questions in the questionnaire module. We obtain the answers to the appropriate people in attendance. There is an important point on which I would like to put the accent. This specific indicator does not apply to commercial agricultural exploitation. Second, for the interviews, we will only take the answers of the appropriate people in attendance. If you manage to provide questions, we will skip these questions. We must not ask these questions in the form of the firm that works in this case. For the property of exploitation, remember that in this indicator, we are evaluating food insecurity for the mining of this firm. The mining has to learn to consider the property and not the management. Thank you. The participant can now ask his question. Mr. Sayon Ulaie, you have the floor if you want. Can you hear me now? I cannot hear you. Okay, let me tell me if now it's better. Yes. So I was calling Mr. Ulaie. I gave Mr. Ulaie the floor, but he probably has a problem with his microphone. So Mr. Ulaie, you have the floor. Mr. Sayon Ulaie. Mr. Ulaie, go ahead. He can't speak. Hello, thank you. Okay, go ahead. Hello. The first question, the presenter, he spoke about the complexity of the indicators. He says if we can't understand, he wants to send us the link. I would like to know if these links are in French because we are French people. And to get it right, because the course is very interesting. So if it's in French communication, it would be better. And secondly, are all these questions the same thing? As I see here, it's in English. Can we have a French version? Finally, if I understand everything, in this training, can we collect this indicator 2.41 each year? Because I'm sure you can see that compared to the source of the data, it's the surveys. So the surveys ask for the expense of the money. Because each year, it's what you have to do, the surveys. Once in a while, in Africa, it's not possible. So it's not what you think. Thank you very much. So thank you, thank you very much. Thank you, thank you very much. I would say clearly that this exercise that we present here will be available in French after this training. I said it yesterday and the day before yesterday. I reassure you that you will have the French version of the tableware or the Excel file immediately after this training in a few weeks. So for those who send the data source on the indicator 2.41, I inform you that it is not enough to make this collection every year. It will be necessary to collect it every three years. We know that the information, whether it is important, are too many or too many so that we can collect it every year. But then the durability is a concept that will not change from one year to the next. And on this, it will be necessary to understand that the data collection will be enough every three years. We expect that the country will collect information on this indicator in a period of three years. Okay? I believe so. Yes, I believe so. It's available in French. I believe that if this is available in French, yes, I am trying to verify if the exercise is already available in French, share the link with the Francophone participants. Can I read or say that I am in French? In English, but all the questions that he is showing on the left, so not the analysis, are already translated into French. I sent the links yesterday, I will send it today. So it's called the questionnaires that will be in German. I don't even call the French names. So this questionnaire has already been translated into French. But of course, as Asandia said, we will also read the exercises and you will send the French version as soon as possible, as well as all the presentations. Okay, we have another question. I think that this question is going to be answered by Asandia. Another question, but I believe that this question will find an answer after the analysis of the indicators by Asandia. So I ask what is the result or the score that we have distributed at this different level. So as you can see here, what I have already explained, in the case of the presentation, as you can see here, in the case of the responses provided by the individuals, we have well-liberated the data. The score attributed to this level is four and four responses were positive. Conformally, the same exercise is at the level of exploitation according to the responses or according to the questions that they have provided the responses. As you can see here, we have a list of approximately 14 agricultural exploitation. Okay, then what are we going to do? We will integrate this information into a table that is already designed by the FAO team and we will release each response. Conformally, the answer is the question for which the exploiters have provided the responses or the property of the exploitation. So as you can see here, the link to the Fies application and the manual already exist. This question raises the responses, I don't know. And all these questions will be clarified in this manual. I will propose first to follow all the 11 lessons that are certainly available in French and then use the support document on the indicator that will give you all the information that you need to be able to estimate the Fies criteria or the Fies indicator. Once we import all the data into the model, it will help us to calculate the difficulty parameters, the standard errors, what we don't hear about in Fies and out Fies, these are estimations that indicate if the data collected, to know if they are good to analyze on the other side of the score is appropriate or inappropriate compared to the one we had on the ground before having analyzed it. There is a certain range of the responses that will determine if these data must allow us to evaluate or not specify. So we have estimated the capacity parameter, the score of the score, and we have estimated the parameters, the difficulty, and all the estimations will be generated by the light model. What range are they? What are the levels that are acceptable compared to the others that are displayed here? Once these data are available, what you have to do is to download this Excel model. Once again, it is written by the Fies team that the link is there. And don't forget the data generated by the Fies application that you have already downloaded. So here is the application that you have to download and insert all the information in this application by using this manual that gives you an idea on how to proceed. So you are going to generate these statistics and these statistics and you will have to download this Excel model developed by the Fies team and you will have to insert the probability parameter, the standard errors, the frequencies and the scores to allow you to estimate the probability of the high food security and the probability of moderate food consumption or high food. So here is the entrepreneurs that have been interested in managing CAS. So, here is the same level as before this step the SDIG, the two- module is practically identical to the two- module to the 2.4 quadrature. At this level, the things that we need We need to focus on this. Let's go back to what we were talking about. Our broad score of respondents is that the exploitation it gave us was four. Let's go to this level. Okay? Here, we will see what the two probabilities are related to our broad score of four. Because on the basis of these probabilities, we will have signed the profit of exploitation. And this allows us to identify the status of sustainability within this exploitation. So you can see here that this is a property. So 0.6 and 0.2, 6. So let's focus on this part or these elements for the moment. So we have associated the probabilities because this gives us responses. Formative, and on the basis of competition or criteria held for this indicator, as you can see here, exploitation will be a class of green categories. And if the possibility of the management of exploitation is moderate or low or lower than 0.5, then you can see here that the probability is higher than 0.5, and the probability of serious exploitation is higher than 0.6. And so this exploitation will be classed yellow because the condition is that if the probability of the management or the exploitation of exploitation is higher than 0.5, then the probability of serious exploitation is lower than 0.5, and so the probability of serious exploitation is lower than 0.5, and so yellow categories are classed yellow, and so on. And on the basis of these conditions and on the basis of the table that we have here, we can easily begin to assign the data to the exploitation. The last one is the same. We can associate this information with the ultimate exploitation. We can associate this information with an aggregation in green, yellow, red, depending on the exploitation or the cultivable surface of exploitation. I will stop here. I will answer the question posed. So let's move on to question 5, please. Sandhya, in the Fies manual, you will find the details. And so you will see here everything that is reproduced here. But question 5 here is a responder. He says, I don't know where I don't want to answer. This will be classed A. And if you insert the table in the Fies application, the exploitation will be done and included in the analysis by the application itself. Mr. Bach, ask another question you would like to know. Is the difference in this calculation and the Fies itself? We would like to understand the difference. He wanted to establish the difference. The difference between these two indicators in the framework of the ODD 2.4 and the Fies indicator. In fact, there are two elements that are different. The first thing is that the Fies indicator collects information on the whole country. Whether or not the people belong to the agricultural sector. So these estimates are the same for the whole country. In the context of the indicator 2.4, in interviewing the agricultural sector within the exploitation framework, we will be asking these information or ask these questions to the exploiters. And so the estimates that are generated in the ODD 2.4 are not represented on the whole country in relation to the serious food security on the level of information in the context of the agricultural sector to be involved in the production of agricultural speculation. This does not give us an image of the whole country. So the difference between the two indicators. The second point is that it is the calculation part. So yes, once we have the two probabilities that exist using the model of Excel data that automatically gives the probability at the national level on the severity or the gravity of the food security. But if it goes beyond that, it will retain the probability and the raw score to assign the exploitation, the status of the food security, the exploitation. So the difference between the fees and the fees in the context of the ODD 2.4.1. The estimates are nationally represented. The estimates of ODD 2.4.1. The fees are only designated to the products that are involved in the agricultural sector or in the agricultural production. And the approach, the methodology are the same, but the only thing is the coverage. The coverage is the indication of the durability in relation to this probability at the level of MENA, vis-à-vis the scores attributed. So that's the difference. Thank you, Sanja. We don't have any other questions. Oh yes. Yes, Mr. Berre. Yes, of course. Yes, you have the floor. Mr. Berre. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. I just wanted to explain what I wanted to explain. For us, we have this data collector for this indicator 2.4.1. And for this indicator 2.4.1. And for this indicator 2.4.1. For us, we have this data collector for this indicator 2.4.1. And for this indicator 2.4.1. And for this indicator 2.4.1. And for this indicator 2.4.1. Thank you very much, Mr. Berre. Thank you very much. I just wanted to say thank you very much for the question. In reality, it is a simultaneous collection of data. The only problem would be that if you are collecting information on questions in a national survey, it would no longer be an agricultural survey, but an survey on mining. In this case, you should put the accent on the fact that the data of agricultural mining involved in the agricultural sector are represented in ways that once these assumptions are obtained for these mining involved in the agricultural sector, are really representative. I hope you understood me. So, in the national survey used to collect information on FIES, the agricultural mining involved in agricultural activities must have a certain recognition that the national general estimation that it is an aggregate statistic for this agricultural mining involved in the agricultural sector is that this part is sufficient to allow us to do an evaluation of agricultural sustainability on the national plan. It is the only point that must be taken into consideration, otherwise the simultaneous collection can be operated. This is clear. We can move on to the last indicator. Here is an indicator that guarantees land-based rights, and this indicator allows access to the rights or the rights to the Swiss land. Agricultural land is an important element for agricultural land. Having this right will allow the exploitation to have control over these lands and avoid the loss of this exploitation in short and long term. The test makes us understand that the land can be less productive and that it prevents us from investing on land where it does not have access and to engage in services, especially on this land. And so the way in which this indicator, the purpose of this indicator is very simple. We have a set of four questions that I will show you in a moment. And on the basis of the answers obtained on these four questions, I would like to conclude if this exploitation has a guarantee that it must work. So that it is green, it would be necessary that there is a formal document with the name of the detainee or the name of the exploitation on it so that the exploitation has the right to sell or to transmit a part of the exploitation. And if these conditions are filled, it will have a green color. It will have a yellow statue and it will have formal documents even if the name of the detainee or the exploitation does not find it. And the exploitation will be red if it has no formal documents and has no right to transmit a parcel to whoever it is. In this case, the exploitation will be divided into red. So here are the data that we had illustrated from the capital of Bangladesh. So the first part is to know if you have the first question. Do you have a document or a title on the exploitation? The answer was yes. The next question is if the name of the exploitation is on the document. Is the answer yes or no? Then it is important to know if you have the right to sell or to transmit a part of the exploitation. And as you can see, the statue has obtained a green statue. The second exploitation has formal documents. The name of the detainee or the exploitation does not find itself on the exploitation or the document. No right to sell, no right to transmit. And so, although there is a formal document that indicates that the land is exploited and with the other responses to its name, it is acceptable. So exploitation 3 has nothing. Neither the formal document nor the name of the exploitation or exploitation on the document. They do not know if they can sell or lay a part of the exploitation. And so this is a non-suitable statue and the detainee is non-durable. Here we are for all the indicators. We had the statue of green, yellow, red according to the responses obtained. Now I want to show you the table. As I told you earlier, you can see here that we ask a number of questions. And of course, through these questions, these questions are part of the table and part of the model and the survey that we had conceived. And I repeat that this model of survey already exists in French. And this was shared with you by Stefania through the link. But in any case, we will see what this link will be sent after the training and all the documents that have been presented during the training. So the first question is whether the exploitation or exploitation has a formal document or for any part of the exploitation without having a document issued by an authority. Then is the name of the detainee or any member of the exploitation listed as a complete or legal document? Yes, no, I don't know. Do the detainee have the right to sell or a part of the exploitation or the fourth, does he have the right to legalize a part of the exploitation to which it is. So the last part is the same for the nominator of the indicator. So you will see here that on the basis of this example, the exploitation of a formal document, a title for example, or the name of the detainee or the exploitation is on the document and the right to sell it, the right to legalize it. So on the basis of all of this, he has a B. The exploitation of A, O does not respond to any criteria and therefore has a sustainable status. The exploitation said yes, I have a formal document and I have neither my name nor the name of the exploitation on the document and I don't know if I have the right to sell it or to legalize it. So with an acceptable status. And we are going to the next level. We attribute the colors to different levels of exploitation and we add them to obtain the proportion of the area that you are going to play and stop here. So Mr. Barraquet says that the right to do so is attributed by the administration that maintains the record every time there is no certificate attributed to the country. They have this right, they can rent it, but they can't sell it. Now if they can rent it, it is considered as a form of right. It is a right. And in all these questions are explained in relation to different conditions and to fill out the answer to this question. So the location of a land or of the land is a form of right that the right to do so. And so if there is a public authority that attributes the right that is recognized for someone to be able to use it. In fact, it indicates that in any case, these lands are the property of the state. And so naturally, they can't sell it. Other questions? I have no more other questions. Good. On this, we arrive at the end of the meteorological aspect of the ODD 241. Well, of course, we understand and recognize that the ODD 241 is a very complex educator. It is a collection of different aspects linked to agriculture. And you know that a lot of information is new for the countries to be applied in the data collection. It's not easy. We recognize it, but we have several successes at this level. We supported Nepal, we supported Vietnam. Presently, we are helping Peru, Colombia and we are going to accompany Thailand.  With very little effort from the countries, we managed to integrate the question of the ODD 241 in their data collection instruments and including agricultural research. And we managed to obtain information on certain indicators, if not on the whole of the indicators. I want to give you another example. Information linked to the official rights is captured in agricultural research. This information is available in the agricultural research of several countries. And it was the question that we were asked to know if we could use the information of the research to answer this question. And of course, we said yes, if you have exhaustive information to teach some indicators in another tool of existing data collection that we advise the countries to proceed and generate this information. We are convinced that it is not all countries that can have information on the whole of this indicator or under the indicator. We ask countries, progressively and step by step, to work on this question of this indicator and integrate it in the tools of agricultural research, or the agricultural survey, or the agricultural information. And that's for the time being. We don't want to precipitate and do anything, but we want the countries to collaborate with us to obtain more support through the FAO in relation to the limitation at this ODD. You know this bilateral commitment will help us to help you with your ability to sign or present reports on this indicator, you know. Maybe you will not be ready to answer or bring information on the set or the nine under the indicator. It's okay, but we will also help to provide information on some of these under the indicator. And over the years, with a mutual collaboration, we have strengthened our capacity to understand the mechanisms and the methodology related to the ODD 4-1. And we are going to formulate a strategy to allow you to proceed with the cartography or identification of insufficient at the level of your capacity to collect information on these indicators. And then we will help you to make you understand the question on the ODD 4-1 and proceed to collect information on it because some of these responses would already exist at other levels. And so once these are identified, we will help you with the questions that you will be able to answer, which will be integrated into the agricultural survey and we will proceed with the ZAPA and then not the following, forming the personnel, the country, the bilateral agreement, of course, if the resources are available. You know, we have really worked with various countries. The last point is that we have, we work with the Rwanda authorities and the Rwanda Statistics Bureau. We will fully collaborate with them and provide them with a bilateral assistance to the personnel of the Rwanda Statistics Bureau and to collect data. That's an example that I would like to give you. So we are going to gradually, over time, and we hope that in a few years, we will be doing the work and the collection of reportages of the ODD, a reality as well at a national and regional level. I will stop here. That's it. I think that since we are a little late, we should move on to the next presentation. And as one of our colleagues who just came to this training and, sorry, Nathan is a statistician at the F.A.O. The next presentation on F.A.O. starts. Nathan, you have the floor. Let me know if you can share the screen. Nathan, do you have the floor? Yes, you can. You can share the screen. I would like to make sure that you can hear me. Yes, that's the case. Thank you. Perfect. Thank you for presenting me. Thank you to Stefania and to Sfandia for giving me the opportunity to take the floor in this training. I will put the link on the report of the country in what concerns the statistics for the F.A.O. I will put the link on the data column in what concerns this domain. I will share my screen so that you can see it. As I said, I will put the link on the statistics to be presented at the F.A.O. I will put the link on the activities and countries that we already have in place at the F.A.O. We will first give a general context for the activities of the report. We will put the link on the statistics as well as the team responsible for the statistics at the F.A.O. that we are sending the report of the activity. I will also present the report of the country in what concerns the three years especially in what concerns the countries that do not take part in this workshop. This test should be mutually beneficial because it should allow us to see in what way we can improve the data collection system at different countries. The most part of the institutions with whom we discuss and with whom we share the questions have been taken into account in my expertise. We will also talk about the data that are shared on the site of our statistical department especially by putting the link on the 4-1 indicator. I would like to present the general context of the department of the F.A.O. at the F.A.O.'s statistical department called FASAO. FASAO is a production platform known to the F.A.O. It is a pillar of our activities and has been mentioned in the constitutive of the F.A.O. We make the division of statistical products internationally and I put the focus on food and agriculture in the F.A.O.'s status and other platforms to know the status on the aquaculture and fisheries and the status on water and irrigation. The focal point that we are contacting in our questions is generally the aspects of the national statistical office or the Ministry of Agriculture in the different countries. We also identify them in other relevant agencies. As I said you who are present here for the most part you already know the process of collecting data as well as the questionnaire that we have. In the context of this the member states regularly send the F.A.O. report. There are some differences concerning the data in which the professionals are sent and are applied. We always get data concerning environmental and socio-economic and the relevant questions for the theme of the F.A.O. I will also touch on the role of other indicators that we have at our level to be relevant for the DDD of 4.1 and for your country. Here are the processes that the F.A.O. has put in place for the data and the report concerning food and agriculture. Often we don't have the questionnaire at the focal point which we mentioned earlier. We do the FASTA which is our platform. We provide them in different languages and cover more than 245 countries and territories. The availability of data over the years is different depending on the areas that we study. But since 1961 until now we get data from the countries. We have to send this data to the Infostats. The areas are exposed the production, the start-up, the food security, the prices, the income, the investment, the macro statistics, the environmental and the agriculture indicators. The teams will also calculate the data that comes from our statistical department but also from other domains. The tools of diffusion are in our web pages our publications that come from universities because it's one of our statistical domains but we also have situations where companies make diffusion of our department so that each year we accompany the documentation of statistical documents. We put the accent on the key trends as well as important that it is at the regional and world level. There are also documents of work that define in detail the methodologies used and the diffusion of data on the web site as well as our annual statistical documents that present the trends at the international level. The teams charged of domains on which we put the accent are the teams of the environmental statistics team which I am part of the social and economic statistics team as well as the statistics team for the elevation of agriculture and food. For the environmental statistics team we have the use of land, pesticides, grapes for the social and economic statistics team where we have the price where it depends and for the environment what we do is to put the questions, two questions that are sent annually and this allows us to obtain data against the statistics team for the elevation of agriculture and food which is close to the United States the food products and the fish we also put the accent on the food balance which is also an important aspect of our activities because that plays an important role as it concerns food supply but also the use of reactive data in the beginning, the production, that is to say the availability of agriculture and livestock culture. We also think about the pets, which are also important for the children, and the feeding of animals as well. We can also include complementary data from different actors. Here is one of the questionnaire pages that covers the production and use of agricultural and livestock products. Here you have the contact of the report manager. We have here the name, the office, the address, and that is the telephone and other contact of the person. Once again, I would like to put the accent on the fact that some of these contacts must also take part in this workshop. So I would also like to show you this. It is a questionnaire, but with much more detail. What I would like to do for now is that, for example, for the use of land, the questionnaire is a little bit obsolete. So I would like to put the accent on the fact that we have the French and English version. There are the different sections that go on the agriculture practices, irrigation, fisheries and others. Now, when you open the questionnaire, another element that I would like to put the accent on is, in the information return session, we have a domain where the contact with the focal point, with whom we send the questionnaire, can make comments relative to the fact that the questionnaire has been addressed to the appropriate person or not. We invite countries to respond to this questionnaire and make comments. This allows us to reinforce the reporting system relative to the different questionnaires. We understand the difficulties associated with obtaining certain statistical data by using the questionnaire. Because the countries do information return, they say they are not able to provide updated data in relation to certain domains. When another relevant institution is in the form of such data, we invite the country or the government to specify its institutions. Now I return to my exhibition. I opened just briefly the land use questionnaire. This is instead the cover page for the presentation. This is what I was saying earlier. The questionnaires keep the questionnaire that we share in terms of the use of pesticides in agriculture. And we also talk about the main types of pesticides, including the use of global pesticides, including herbicides, insecticides, and others. Now, by going a little further into the details of the reports coming from countries that participate in this training, I would like to put the accent first on the use of the three next slides on the size presented by the, or rather the superficies presented by the countries that do not take into account the training and that is the institutions. I would also like to put the accent on what concerns the questionnaire on the use of land. As I have already said, the participants, the denominator for the UDD 241 is one of the data that is collected by the questionnaires. But the difference is that all these questionnaires put the accent on the national level. We have the agricultural land and another element that is required to collect land. So the questionnaires are the lands that are under the protective cover. It is the lands that are used by the sub-doctors that are exploiting. You can also see it on the questionnaires. Another important element in the context of the questionnaires on the use of land, the land under the, I think, the object of organic agriculture. It is important that for countries that examine the question of sustainable agriculture, we are collecting land related to the cultivated area, but also the areas that are the object of organic agriculture, but also the areas where we have organic certified products. In general, we have little information that comes from countries that participate in the other countries. We understand that maybe the fault is because we can't contact the right person or there are difficulties in collecting this data. So to present the issue of this, to present the focal points at the national level, in the case of the Ministry of Agriculture or the Ministry of Rural Development or other pertinent institutions, we want to, for example, talk about the Botswana who can provide us with the data coming from the last two years. Our next questionnaires will be in October 2021. The information and commentaries of the countries are very precious because this allows us to improve the data for future policies and to anticipate the different challenges associated with the next year's questionnaires. Here we have the Equatorial Department, the Ghana and the JETO who have also been able to provide us with information during the data collection of information. The one more questionnaires that I would like to point out in this sense is the fact that the denominator is pertinent to the report on ODD 241, but these are also pertinent to the step 5 that appears over the previous year. on water and irrigation, as well as the 8th theme, which is about biodiversity and bio agriculture. So we are also trying to collect on these different themes. We will take you from the links to another collection of information, in the case of water status, which is about renewable resources. These data can be obtained at the national level and can constitute an important indicator for the relative relationship between water and irrigation. Another important theme is the 8th theme, which is about biodiversity. So we are going to focus on the practice of biodiversity. As I showed in the question, there are agricultural areas that do the bio exploitation. Another one of our questionnaires that we send out annually is that the data here is relevant for the 6th theme, which is about the risk associated with the use of fertilizers and the management of these risks. We want to recognize the countries that have provided us with data recently. And for that, I would like to say thank you to all of you, as well as Ghana, Guinea, Mauritius and Senegal. As for the questionnaires on pesticides, as I said, we are looking for data on the use of pesticides, but also the elements of the pesticides. We want to thank Burundi, who has not given us recent data, but at least prepared in 2018. We send the Ghana, the Soto, Madagascar, the Mauritius, and the Zambika to send us data over the course of recent years. As for the questionnaires on the production, with this question, it is given what it allows us to have for the 1st and 3rd themes, i.e. productivity and resilience as well as the mechanisms of mitigation of the risks. For the questionnaires on the production, we have similar institutions that have been contacted, and we want to thank the countries that have not taken part, such as Botswana, Guinea, Kenya, the Mauritius, Senegal and South Sudan. As for the questionnaires on the production, it differs a little from the two other questionnaires. The next one will be in April of next year. I would like to say that for this year, this has already been sent and the data is a collection, not the different focal points. And until the end of this year, we will move on to the distribution of this data. As for the questionnaires on the prices, I would say that this has been for sustainable agriculture. And the price volatility could also explain higher risks for the countries, which concern sustainable agriculture as well as the revenue of these investors. The countries that are happy to have given us the recent questionnaires, we will say Burundi, Kabzeh, Chad, Guinea and Madagascar, as well as the Mauritius, Wanda, Senegal, South Sudan and Zambi. So here is the presentation of the key questions that have links with the point, the indicator of 4-1 as well. And we have also presented the name of this focal point institution. For the countries that make the report on what concerns 2-4-1, know that the data that will be shared on the statistical department website can be used to analyze the situation on what concerns 2-4-1. I would also like to say that this exercise does not replace, in any case, the times that should be given to those who concern the report on 2-4-1. We would like to remind the different states to continue to make the effort in this sense. We're reporting to 2-4-1. I'm sure of which Asfandiar and Stefania have also had the opportunity to show you the applicability of these elements. The exploitation of this data collage process that we have allows us to help the national process in the context of the data collage and the review. I would like to say in the chat that at the end of the presentation, I would like to say that our last publication, whose link will be sent over time, is on the evolution of the time. We will share this link in the chat box and invite the participants to take a look at this publication to see how to use this content. This is the end of my presentation. We would like to open the debate on this and I will share these links that I just talked about in the chat box. Stefania, I will give you the floor. There are some words that we can't receive enough. Certainly because of the connection problem. I think Stefania is disconnected. If the participants have other questions, we can ask them. We have 5 minutes. We will continue with the discussion. If you have any questions related to Nathan's presentation, put them there. The word is for those who would like to learn. Please show yourself and ask your questions. Yes, we will receive. Put your question there. You have the word. Thank you very much. Thank you, Stefania. Thank you, Mr. presenter. I am very happy to be here. I am very happy to be here. I am very happy to be here. I am very happy to be here. You have a problem with the connection, Mr. Sayon, so what I propose, what I would propose is that if you have questions, send your question through the conversation box because we don't get it all right. Send your question through the conversation box or through the question and answer tool. Thank you very much. So, Nathan, the question, one of the questions is how do I bring the question more easily to the focus point. When will these questions be transmitted or shared with the focus point and not how? Nathan, I guess you are muted. Nathan, I think you are deactivated. I'm sorry, I was looking for the question. Thank you very much for this question on the process of attention or the transmission of details at the focus point. I would also like to see this part of the comments included in the questionnaire. The country can therefore make observations on the questions, if these questions are addressed to the person, the music. Alternatively, what I can do is I can provide email contact that. Otherwise, what you can do is you have to read the email address, the statistical resources. I will give this email address in the conversation box to allow the country to send me messages. I will give the information to tell us whether or not we are in communication with the person indicated or not. Another question is that countries get questions regularly, but they also have a route sheet that allows them to evaluate what is to be done. I would also like to thank you for this question. Hello? Hello, hello. Hello? Stefania, you have the administrative control. Stefania, you have the possibility to cut something that is not appropriate. We understand that, yes, we know that countries receive a number of questions at several moments during the year. And in general, or generally speaking, we have just two transmission series to know in October where you receive questions on the use of pesticides. And if you have the focal point, at least in April, also, for the consumers on agricultural production are transmitted. The two important months for the collection of data for which the questionnaires are transmitted. I can also, if you go to the site, you will also find information on how to obtain updates in false stats. For example, I share a screen to show you what I'm talking about. So I also wanted to give you a glimpse of what I will just show you here at the website, which is given on the false stats. So different statistics on the questionnaires that have been shared, for example, in each of these domains. If you are registered for us, for example, for the use of pesticides, we have documents that support our country. And you will also find relevant information on the report of your country. And here is the domain of information, which provides information on the methodology that goes with the methodology processing of the data, and then the history of updates. And the current data, the real data of updates in this domain. So we have anticipated a lot of updates for this year, and for the three aspects of pesticides on the field. So I think this is the corner of the corner. So here it is at this level. I think Stephanie will also provide us with links related to the questionnaires to allow the country to see documents supported. Thank you. We took the time. We only have 30 minutes to do a new version of this very useful intervention. We will ask the participants, if they have any questions, to follow up to Nathan. They can simply send a message to him or write to us. And we will put you in contact with him so that you can have a response to your questions. Thank you very much, Nathan. Thank you. Thank you to everyone. Thank you for having me. I will transmit the information on the statistical resources in the conversation box where you can access. Thank you. But I hope I wish you a fruitful release for the continuation of the training. I see two hands raised, as it just said, to write rather your questions in the conversation box. Thank you very much. Okay, so we have only 30 minutes left. We have only 30 minutes to finish our day. We will go quickly to the other presentations. Now let's address the questionnaires. I would say that we have to open the debate. We can send the other presentations and other resources to the participants. Because you only have 30 minutes to finish this training. And so I would like to have a few minutes before the countries present us the following steps regarding the implementation of their process. So for the participants, we have shared the file on the ballot with the participants. I would therefore like to share my screen with this diapo who will plant the decor of what we have done for the coming months. Here are the following steps that we would like you to take into account and to allow us to have measures. So all the participants are entitled to fill out the ballot, which has been shared. This will help you to evaluate the sufficient amount of data in your statistical system regarding the requirements of the ODD 2-4-1-2. We will ask you to answer the questionnaires. Then prepare two or three pages of action plans that present in detail the plan and the report on the ODD 2-4-1. Then the action plan should list all the activities that you want to take into account in the given time to allow your country to collect information on the ODD 2-4-1-2 at least. Now we will open the debate on the questions that seem important to you or the questions that you would like to ask us to know. You can draw information or make ideas through the points that are presented here. So tell us, for example, do we know what seems essential to you in the situation in your country? We will now open the debate and listen to the participants. We have three raised hands. I will give the floor to Mr. Koulaye to start this debate by answering the questions that are here proposed. Mr. Koulaye, you have the floor. Hello, thank you very much. Yes, thank you very much. Thank you very much, I thank the presenter and the whole team. This presentation is very welcome. It concerns the last question that was asked on the prize. I also received the question on the financial part. Mr. Koulaye, unfortunately, your connection is not good. We do not hear you very well. I think I have to leave you because we hear very well. We do not hear. I am sorry, I will pass the floor to someone else. Maybe in a moment you will improve this. I will give the floor to Mr. Koulaye. Yes, thank you very much. Hello, do you hear me? Yes, we hear you. Well, in relation to the questions asked, as far as I represent the UN, the National Statistics Institute, we have to work with the Ministry of Agriculture. As we have not yet seen the files, we have to recognize them. As soon as you will translate the files in French for the best understanding, we will try to see with our colleagues from the Ministry of Agriculture. If we do not have the data, we will look for the data in terms of links to complete the files that you have sent. This is what I wanted to interpret in that sense. I do not know if the colleague of the Ministry is connected because I do not see the names. I do not know if they are connected to give a little. How can we work with them to give the information you are asking for? Otherwise, we will be able to search for this at the level of our national service for the estimates that we make through agriculture. As we have done an investigation on agriculture in 2015, I think that this data is for the data that we have. It is from the investigation on agriculture that we have seen in 2015 and that we can project until now. But this base is with our colleagues, I think with our colleagues from the Ministry of Agriculture. In 2015, it was not yet operational, but it was already implemented, but we had not yet started the work. So for the data that you are waiting for, I hope that we will do it with our colleagues from the Ministry of Agriculture. Thank you. Thank you. Asanda, you want to say something? Thank you. Asanda, how would you like it? Yes, just like that, we want to proceed. The presentation that has been made will be translated into French. And for the moment, we have no intention... In fact, the presentation will not be translated into French, but it will be translated into French. In English, sorry. The data that has been presented in Excel file, we will translate it into French. But for what we know, the other documents, as I said, everything is already available in French. Our methodologies are available in French or are available in French. The questionnaires are available in French. The questionnaires of colleagues from the Ministry of Agriculture are also available in French. It is also good that the questionnaires are in French. So we all need to understand that the indicators are already available in French. Everything that we are asking of you, the only thing that we are asking of you is to fill this billboard. I don't know if it's already available. No, not yet. And that's what we have to take care of. Now, translate this document immediately into French. It won't be that simple. We will need some time to translate all these questions into French. Especially the exercise on the billboard. This time, you know about the knowledge of the indicators. You know this methodology. You know the concepts and the methodology base of this indicator. The questions that we are waiting for from you and the questions that you are asking are a two-page plan on the indicator. And in this plan of action, you know, you have already said if you can give a report on these indicators by indicating the information that you have available. And in this same action plan, we would like you to tell us the constraints that you are facing for the presentation of the information on these indicators and what you want to do to overcome this challenge. And what support would you like to have from the FAO to help you to lose your relationship on the billboard? And so in general, what we want to make you understand in terms of methodology on the indicator we have done through this information. Now, we would like you to inform us if you need technical support from the FAO. What kind of support or assistance would you like to have to allow you to present your reports or to make a contract on the billboard? Precisely. There was a question on the presentation of the report. He asks if he can have a technical or financial support. Yes, I can speak. Well, no. At the FAO, we have, we are a guarantee of 21 indicators. We are a guarantee of technical support. Our assistance strategy is also on the basis of the training. Now, in terms of technical assistance, at the level of the country, on the billboard and the presentation of the report on the indicators, I would like to ask the FAO's office in the different countries to make contact with the partners to see how they can support the report. Because Mr Flavo understood yesterday that we at the FAO, we support a total of 15 countries that will be supported here in 2023 in the case of the program of agricultural research. No, it's not just the FAO, but other institutions, multi-parties, the World Bank and IFAD, which will support, with the support of the buyers from 15 countries here, in 2030. This support will not only be available in Africa, but it will be on a global scale. I would say that there are projects at the level of the FAO that will bring other financial support than technical support to the country so that we can be able to adapt to the analysis of the report on the ODD 2.41. But you should be proactive regarding your needs because you should assist the the FAO's office in these different countries to help these partners in collaboration with the SIEGE. So we will see what you need to bring as assistance. The nature of the assistance, as I said, will depend on the availability of resources and the availability of human resources and technical support. So we will not only care, but, as Flavio said, if you have a need, write to us and we will take the necessary measures. And we will discuss with the piloting committee of the country and see what support you need to bring. Eugenio, you have the floor. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. I would like to say good morning. Good morning. I think it was a great opportunity. We learned a lot. And I am based in the FAO's office I'm from Mozambique and I work with my colleague from the National Statistics Institute and his colleague from the Ministry of Agriculture. I wish he could take the word himself and say a word. Thank you very much. Thank you. Mr. Afugou, you have the floor. Yes, thank you. First of all, I would like to say that we, in Guinequatorial, we are Hispanophones. We are doing a great effort. As we are in the SEMA, we are obliged to speak French. So, as I just pointed out, I have just understood the subject of discussion. You wanted a report on everything that is like a question, that I try to understand. But as I said, I think a colleague also mentioned it. This information is very important because, for example, I think it is the first time that I have participated. I believe that I am a colleague. It will be good for the future. I am talking about the future, which is important, to better understand, and better be able to do everything you want. You know that this exercise, you have to follow it, which is the continuous training. We have spoken with the questionnaires, we must train well, the platform that we must train. Apart from what the FAO can do for the country, which is the technical assistant on continuous training. We do not know if the FAO also has financial means to support countries, but for the technical part, it is very good that all these meteorological documents, all the work to do, are well understood and well taught. So, all that you asked for, after the report, it will be easier for us to do it. I will give you an example, for example, here in the country, I am at the point of the PCI. The PCI, it started like that in English. Well, after that, I made the effort to put a document in French. Now, we are able to do the PCI every year. And every year, we do the surveys. It is true that it is there that we give the funds to do the PCI surveys, but it is all the years, and it is automatic. So, if the FAO, with its automatic work, it is necessary that the funds are also provided. It is true that it is the FAO, it is also necessary that the countries are good, but if the FAO gives more strength, the countries will engage. Thank you. So, yeah, thank you very much for this. Well, thank you very much for this intervention, as I already said. For you to prepare an action plan. Two pages of action. Now, a two-page action plan. In this presentation, explain what you are going to do, the obstacles that you are facing. And this action plan must be able to tell you what you are going to do to overcome these constraints. And then underline the means by which the FAO must support you. It is something that must be indicated by you. Because the FAO cannot understand the problems you are facing. And it is only if you indicate properly the challenges that you are facing. And this document, these contracts that are well documented, which will allow us to see how you come to support you to go forward. And in relation to the process to undertake to address these challenges, you have to inform the representatives of the countries of the FAO who have transmitted or put the copies of all the communications that you will see in the seats of the regional office of Africa. Also, Mr. Kafka will also need to put a copy of this communication. And you will also write to the seats through the office of the country or the regional office, or if you want to write directly to the team of the ODD 2.4A. As I already said, we cannot promise at this stage or we cannot engage in a financial contribution by saying that the FAO will be able to reach such or such a country. But we will be happy to listen to you, to discuss with you how we can support you on the financial and technical plan. I promise you that we will be open to your concerns at the level of your countries and we will see what will be the best strategy to go forward not only by supporting your country in particular and the African continent in general. There are no more questions. If there are other countries that would like to speak, it is the time to do it. So there is one, yeah, so the question is answered, right? So one of the anonymous attendee asked this question and saying that FAO stopped this type of persistence in 2019. Yeah, I answered that question. Okay, perfect, perfect. So, yes, Alexis, you have the floor. Thank you, Stefania and Han for the presentations. I'd like to know by answering these questions in the previous slide that Mr. Khan shared with us. And we are more than one representatives of our organizations in this training. So I was wondering by answering these questions, we will be willing to combine or to compile all the answers or the feedback from all the representatives. I mean, if we represent Rwanda by two or three candidates here, are we going to compile together what we should be answering by giving us feedback? Of course, of course, that is the idea. So we need one single response from country. Okay, so if there are two or three or five participants participating in this particular training, we would like you to reach out to, you know, each other, coordinate with each other, consolidate the feedback, approve that feedback with your concerned, you know, office. It could very well be the head of the NSO or it could very well be the head of the Ministry of Agriculture, or maybe both. So you will have to coordinate all your responses at the country level, consolidate that response, approve that response by your relevant authorities and then send one official two to three page action plan to FAO along with your needs so that we have a very, you know, we have an official position of the country approved by the relevant authorities so that once we start discussing it in-house at FAO with different stakeholders, then we should be in a better position to convince them that this is an official position of the country. So I would appreciate if you coordinate amongst, you know, the relevant institution at the country level, consolidate the response, approve that response at the country level and then send us or share with us your action plan as one single document by country. Okay. Thank you for the response. In addition to this, we are not aware of other representatives from my country who are in the training. So I'm addressing to them if they may show themselves that we can have discussions afterwards. Thank you. Just one more point that I would like to highlight to all participants present in this, present in this training, that in terms of the action plan that I've been, you know, referring to time and again, we will communicate in our follow-up email after this training the date by which you need to submit that to us. Okay. So we would request you to respect, you know, that deadline as, you know, that is an input to our future plans regarding country support. Okay. So it will be, it will be very good for you to, you know, adhere to and comply with the timeframe that we share with you as part of our email that you will receive in the next couple of days. Sorry, there is not any more French translation. So I don't know if the interpreter can please repeat the simultaneous translation. Sorry, sorry. Do you receive us if you please? Hello. Hello, Stefania. I think we already have a lot of transmissions. And it will now be a question of the date of the meeting. The date of the meeting for... Can it be from June 26th to June 28th to send us these two pages of action to be proposed? June 26th to June 28th. Also close the sessions. I don't know if there is Mr. Oulahier that would like to take... Mr. Oulahier, would you also like to take the floor? Yes, go ahead. We will see if your communication is good this time.  Hello, thank you. Do you hear me? Hello. Of course. Do you hear me? Okay, thank you very much. Thank you very much to the organizers of this training. And the last interview of the presenter for the modulation. Well, thank you for the presentation. When they presented the questionnaires, the countries that really provided the information, I was surprised to hear the name of my country, Laguenay, and because I am precisely the focal point and the person who was in charge of the questionnaires. The last questionnaires that were sent to me, it was the price. It was yesterday that I sent that on the price, and the other one was on production. But now I managed to ask the questionnaires on finance concerning agriculture. It depends on having information in a line like this one for this training that was really interesting. I wanted to have information for that, because we really have some difficulties to answer this questionnaires. And because yesterday I sent a message to the people of Laguenay, to the people of Laguenay, I was able to answer this question. Hello. Hello. Are you able to follow the intervention? Hello. Have you managed to follow this exchange without its connection being bad? Yes, but I made a message, I wrote a message, I understood the answer. It's the same message that I repeated. We are talking about that. No, it's just the message. Yes, I have already noticed that. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. So, as Fania, we don't have any other interventions. Yes, Tiffania. Yes. Tiffania, we don't have anything. I don't receive it. Do you respond to Mr. Ulaïe's comments? For the moment, we no longer have any other questions or observations. So what have we done? In the name of the participants, we thank you very much. We thank the Board of Directors of the FAAO Statistics Division, as well as the head of the FAAO statistics division. It was a real pleasure to be able to prepare this training on your side. We will transmit all the documents that were presented during this training to you all. And you know, there was also this question of sharing participant lists with all the participants. I give the floor to Stefania for the closing. Allow me to launch the evaluation or your transmission evaluation. I just launched the evaluation. You have seen some questions displayed. I will answer all of them. This will allow us to improve our future interventions in terms of training. I would like to respond in the best cases to this question. Keep in mind that the main objective was to present you with information and methodology on the ODD 2.4.1. You should respond to all the 10 questions to submit these questions that are anonymous. We will not know at all who answered how or what. So I give you the time. Maybe I will ask the participants to interpret the questions. So it is a virtual evaluation of the training. Question one. The session aims to reinforce or improve your understanding of the key concepts and the methodology of the indicator of the second element. The strategy on your understanding of the data collection strategy. The reporting mechanism. Is this objective reached? Why is this objective reached? So your response to the choice. The training. The virtual training is as good as the present training. The virtual training is as good as the present training. I agree. I do not agree. I do not agree at all. The time provided for the training is adequate. This is the third element. The time provided for the training is adequate. I do not agree. I do not agree. I do not agree at all. The sessions were well organized and easy to follow. I do not agree. I do not agree at all. So five. The exercises were relevant and useful. I do not agree. I do not agree. I do not agree at all. I am going to conclude the argument. 6. The questions put by the participants haveging proper responses. The questions posed or raised by the participants have received appropriate responses. Je compte utiliser cette connaissance acquise dans le cadre de mon travail. Je compte utiliser ou appliquer la connaissance acquise dans le cadre de mon travail ou pour améliorer mon travail. Tout à fait d'accord, d'accord, neutre, pas d'accord, pas du tout d'accord, oui. Je compte transmettre la connaissance acquise aux pertinents acteurs. Je compte disseminer, transmettre ou diffuser cette connaissance acquise aux acteurs nécessaires aux pertinents qui en ont besoin. Tout à fait d'accord, d'accord, neutre, pas d'accord, pas du tout d'accord, neuf. La qualité de la facilitation par l'équipe était tout à fait d'accord, d'accord, neutre, pas d'accord, pas du tout d'accord. Dix, la gestion de l'atelier, à savoir les moyens, la logistique, l'appui, etc., était adéquat ou approprié. La gestion ou l'administration de l'atelier, notamment les moyens, la facilité, la logistique, le soutien, etc., était appropriée. Tout à fait d'accord, d'accord, neutre, pas d'accord, pas du tout d'accord. Voilà, chers amis francophones, si vous nous avez bien suivi les 10 points auxquels vous devriez attribuer vos réponses aux choix. Merci beaucoup. And then submit. If you cannot, if you leave one question, then you don't have the possibility to submit the survey. So, I still see some people they need to answer. So let's do like this. I can also put that I activate my video. If you also want to activate your videos so that we can take a family photo together. It's time to close this first series of training on the ODD. I would like to thank the interpreters for the work they have done and I think that we will be able to thank Assyndia. In the name of all the participants, allow me to do that. We had received a lot of messages and Assyndia has answered all the questions. And finally, to all the participants, I thank you and I am happy to have received this information on the ODD 2021. We hope that you have enjoyed following this information and that you have had a better understanding of this methodology. And this information allows us to have a particular participation and without participants. And this will allow us to have 300 participants formed in 2020. It's not easy to get this information but you have the opportunity to communicate with us. I would like to give you some information. If your country does not have a focal point on the ODD 2021, contact us with your authorities and send us the focal point to communicate with this person. We promise to make you get all the documents. And then the participants, all those who have prepared this information for three days. In this case, I would like to ask those who work in a single department or unit to send us the name of your colleagues to allow us to send them their certificates as well. They have been asking me, when these certificates will be sent, I can not promise anything because you are very busy and this work must be done manually. And I still promise you that this will be the case as soon as possible. We also have the report prepared and we have other training for other participants from other regions. Until the end of the month, we will send the registration as promised. They have been asking me to speak in French, I am sorry. So, to translate the report in French, sorry, we can not do it. The report will only be in English. In St. George, I do not know if you have a last word, otherwise we will take a family photo. And you do not have to defend the word. Thank you very much. I was very happy to have prepared this training, the success of this training. You serve the intensity of the questions that have been asked. It is a proof of the active participation of the interest that the participants have. In this training, I was very happy to have worked with a group of professionals, also diverse. So, I think that with this training, our interventions and our commitments with you can not only be reinforced, it is not the end, it is just the beginning. If you have questions related to a part of the methodology and on the other aspects, do not hesitate to write to us. Do not hesitate to contact us and we will be very happy to help you in the best possible way. At the best of our capacity, contact us with the FAO offices of your country, the regional office and all the FAO representatives of the offices and countries. We thank them for their patience and their contribution to this training. I would like to congratulate and thank Stéphania, who allowed us to have this success. We did not have the opportunity to do a presentation during this training, but we will send you the presentation she had prepared and we will also send you the presentation she had made in other cases the last year with you. I would also like to thank the interpreters for their effort. It was not easy for them to listen and interpret at the same time and transmit all the information with all the goodwill. Congratulations. I would also like to thank your national respective institutions who have allowed you to take this training. I thank you once again and I congratulate you all for having finished this training for three days. I would like to thank you once again and see you next time. Thank you very much. I would like to thank Stéphania for the opportunity she gave us to work with you.