All right. It's Python on hardware time. Okay. So lots going on this week in the world of Python on hardware. Okay. We have over 256 circuit Python boards. And to do, and we've passed this a while ago, but we now have this graphic because we're clever. And that's the, why don't you explain what these letters and numbers mean when it gets to 256? Okay. So the cool thing about Circuit Python is that anyone can contribute a new board. In fact, we have like new boards almost weekly, basically, people can design their own hardware and submit support. And they do it automatically and we approve it and merge it in. And then we can download, you can download your firmware that's updated automatically for you at circuitpython.org slash downloads. And we recently got over 256 boards and 256 is a magical number because it's the maximum number that can fit into an eight bit number, which is how computer stored data. And so like kind of when you get over that, you're like, it's a big deal. It's like when humans turn 100, when your software project turns 256, same thing. So we finally got to 256. I think we're actually up to 260 something by now with more boards coming in. And it's a good sign of a healthy community because it means people are submitting their designs. People are trying to add boards. And the most important thing is it's not just eight of fruit boards. There's circuitpython, there's panmoroni, there's seed, there's other contributors. There's more native, sorry, there's more boards than our native boards than by far, which is like that's the sign of success, we think is this like cool. Like if you're interested in doing electronics and running a business or making hardware and not having to reinvent everything over and over, you can just build on top of circuitpython. And every time there's an update of circuitpython, your board gets updated to anyways. Circuitpython 720 has released Canada Zero. Is there anything in this release that is super interesting that folks should try out? 710 RCs, whatever. The previous version was a little bit of a mistake. So basically just make sure you've updated to the latest. There was a little bit of a number confusion. The most important thing that I think people really dig is that we now have board dot STEM underscore I2C, which means that if you have a board that has a STEM QT connector and you want to make sure that your your I2C sensor is connecting through that, you can now use this like short happy name. And it was also a community contribution. I can't remember the top of my head who the contributor was. So check that out. And then we of course are adding ESP32 S3 support, including BLE more to come with that. A lot of cool BLE news coming up soon. Okay. I'm going to save the wind up thing for my little highlight. We have a ton of projects. One thing I wanted to spotlight is the Python Software Foundation has a couple cool jobs. Do check that out. If you're interested in helping out on how they can deploy accounts in PyPy, they have a couple of roles that open up. We try to help them out with things. The projects of the week, you could see a bunch, but the ones that I'm going to pick this week is a little bit of a reminder. The Circuit Python show will be coming out on March 1st. That's next week. First guest will be Catney. Here is a very cool circuit Python based project using Raspberry Pi, Circuit Python. These are blinky eyes that are also disco balls. I want to show that. I think I saw these at the Elton John show. And then the project I wanted to highlight this week is there's a lot of folks who remember Winamp who didn't download all their files from Napster and use Winamp. That's right. A lot of folks did. And just for the one guy out there who doesn't like Winamp now because we're playing around with it with Python. This is a beginner project that we want folks to try out. So it doesn't support everything that Winamp does. Not yet. But it's a great beginner project. And so we put this thing on there. We're like, by the way, this is to get you started. So you can remake Winamp. You can download the skins. You can convert them. And then you can play MP3s. But it does have the schooling text? Yeah. And it has the number going up. And so one of the things that we decide to do often is here's a project that's easy to do that can get folks started. It's not everything. It's not everything.  You can get started and play around with it. So Tim Fomega did a really good job. I want to do a hug report and shout out to Tim. But this is really neat because this is kind of exactly what I wanted, which was like, I just want it to look like the Winamp player. I want to be able to mess around with some old skins. I want to be able to play MP3s, which I still use. And I want to have that nostalgia. And I want to maybe make like a little physical holder for it so I can make my own music player that all it does is music. It doesn't go online. It doesn't do anything to the music. So that was the goal of the project. So Tim is going to explain it in this video. But very cool. And if you're interested, you can check out the guide and then check out the collection of the thousands of skins you probably had these on your computer in the past. And you can remake those and play music again. Hello everyone. In this video, I'll show you my latest project for the Pi Portal. This is a Winamp MP3 player. This runs on the Pi Portal. You can fit loads of MP3 files on the SD card, which is plugged into the back of the Pi Portal. You store your playlist files as JSON right on the CircuitPi drive. So you can add and remove songs from your playlist. You can keep multiple playlists and swap between them simply by editing the files. There are three invisible buttons on the interface of the Pi Portal. The whole top half will pause and resume the music. Right now, my microphone is not capturing the music, but I have just started it to resume and you can see it's now counting up there. So I can press it again to pause. You can also use the bottom half of the screen to go to the next and previous track. So if I touch in the bottom right, we will advance to the next track. The playlist at the bottom will update. The current track title on the top right will update. And we could resume to hear the second song now. Same thing with the previous button. The probably the neatest thing about this latest project is that you can actually customize it. So what I have right here is the base Winamp theme, but you can actually browse through hundreds of different Winamp skins on the Winamp Skin Museum. Find the one you want, download it by right clicking it and choose Save Image As. Go ahead and save this file and then you run a conversion script on your PC, copy the resulting files to your CircuitPie drive, and then you just have to change these two variables here in the code Pi to update to your favorite new custom skin. So grab your Pi Portal, load up all your favorite tunes. Thank you for watching. So if you ever want to design your own music player, have something that's not internet connected, just play your music and play around with user interfaces and more. You can do that with Python and you can take a trip to... I forgot the name of the site. Someone could put it in the chat. I think it's like winampskins.org or something. It's the Winamp Skin Museum. There's a couple of them. I used to go to the Winamp Skin Museum. Yeah, and you can get this newsletter every single week. Over on Adafruit Daily, we have a completely separate site because we don't spam people, we don't harvest emails, we don't have that pop-up thing that comes on our website. When you buy something from us, we don't subscribe you to newsletters. So we went above and beyond and we have a whole separate site. So if you want this newsletter delivered to you, that's where you do it.


We always start with the makeup. We love the way the young man's wired. He's a tough, smart, competitive football player. The way he works, the way he competes, we're very excited to bring him. He fits our ethos. He fits the culture, everything that we want to be as a football team here, he fits it. He checks all those boxes. And as a player, he's big, he's athletic, the versatility, things he can do on the field, the catch radius, we're very excited to make him a falcon. The speed, what 40 times did you all have on the move of seeing Barry and numbers on that? That's great. We worked them out, so we felt pretty comfortable with the speed and everything, the tape. So we're not going to discuss internal measurements we had on guys. You just watch the tape. He's plenty fast. That's top secret? It's not top secret, but that's our intellectual property. So no, we're obviously very. What's that? We're trying to figure out a lot of contested catches because he's not getting open on the slot. Yeah, guys, a dynamic player plays a lot of position.  Like Terry said, he's wired the right way.  He was saying that you guys did a lot of work on him to kind of want him to keep it quiet. But you guys are really talking about how much work did you guys actually do on him versus me? Very extensive. Yeah, so that was what Terry mentioned the other day, part of the process. We were able to get back out on the road. So we felt very confident in exactly the kind of player we were bringing in here. Yeah, it means a lot to spend time with those guys and get around them and go to work them out in their place and really get your hands on them. That's really important, and we're very impressed with everything we did with him. And what went through taking a receiver versus there were a couple of directors on the board. There was Charles Cross on the board. It was a highly-rated offensive tackle. What went through taking a receiver versus maybe some of those other positions of need for you guys? Well, every position was of need, Michael. So we trusted our board and where it fell. So we're very excited about the player. And you can obviously, if you're paying attention after our pick, you saw the run on wide outs, which we predicted was going to happen. So all the factors led into it, but we also trusted our process. And we weren't going to reach. We talked about that the other day about need. Things are even, sure. Things aren't. That's why you do all this work. You know, all of a sudden get on the clock and start just dismissing all the work these scouts have put in on the whole process. We talked about being collaborative and then you go away from strategies just because you're on the clock. So it's pretty much just how the board fell, right? You weren't thinking offense, defense, position, whatever versus how things fell when you got to eight. Yeah, correct. Yeah, yeah, stack the board and he was the best player on the board. We're excited to take him off. Obviously, if a defensive player would have been there, that was the best player. We took him. Drake was the best player and we're excited about it. Anything in the first seven picks that surprised you at all? No, no. I think it obviously doesn't always go off in the order, but I don't think there are any surprises. What about you guys? You think there are any surprises? Yeah, at number three. Number three. Yeah, the foot and anybody. We didn't know what the medicals looked like. That's the problem.  Looking ahead tomorrow, you got four picks in your first round. I got to let the dust set up, but it should be another busy day starting tomorrow for you guys. Yeah, it's exciting. We're just looking through the board and it's cool to have a day to kind of digest and look at the players that are there and as we count, okay, this is our group. Who do we expect to be there? And there's some good football players at every position. So we're really excited. In the middle it got kind of sketchy with all the trades. Where were y'all at when all that was going down? I mean, we always answer our phone and obviously people call and want to know if you want to get back in. But we felt like we weigh everything and we talk about how much things would cost and we'll do the same thing tomorrow. We had those discussions, but we felt comfortable to be patient and get rolling tomorrow. Did y'all have any offers to move down? We discussed some offers. We did and it's just a weighing process though because sometimes like what happens is people will call and throw something out there that might not make sense. So it's all a weighing process comparing the player to what you could actually get. So we did have some discussions. How many did you guys at all consider quarterback? It's just the same way we consider all the other positions. We took the best player off the board. The phone calls that you received about the eighth pick, would you have had to move way down or just a little bit? We talked to teams in the middle and at the bottom and we talked to basically everybody, Jeff. So we talked to enough teams and it obviously wasn't enough. Wasn't something that made sense to us as we weigh the pros and cons to actually move out of that pick. And I was gonna say how much of it was that? How much of it was you just really liked this player at 18? I think it was more so. We love the player. We're excited about him, but also a lot of those calls, people were just kinda checking in, as opposed to someone that really wants to give up a lot to get up. So none of you ever got really serious in your view? No. Arthur, your evaluation of the wide receivers. What did Drake's size, how big of a role did Drake's size play? Certainly, it was a factor, but it's not the, I know the popular narrative that oh, it's gotta be this height or we want the bigger receiver. It certainly helped, but that's not the, and there's some really good players that got taken, well, we'll play with anybody that can help this team. So we just liked what the player brought to this team, how he'll be used for us, how he compliments some of the other pieces we have. And like I said, we were static. You know, obviously there was some really good players taking the way the board was stacked and when he was still sitting there and like the Terry's point, there was no offer that made any sense and not to get into the details in his job. So we're really, really happy to Drake London's and Falcon. What does his production tell you that the number of targets and catches per game? What does that say to you? Well, he's a, well here's what you're looking at. He played two different spots and 20 he's inside and then they moved him outside. So that shows us a lot. You see a lot of different route tree with him. You see the stuff outside you saw from the 21 season, go back to the 20 season, watch him inside. He's, he's hard to bring down. He's a catch and run guy. He's also very contested, super competitive. The middle makeup, we're static about. So he's a very versatile player, even at a size.  Oh, he's only an X or he's only outside. That's kind of nonsense. The way we play and the guys move around you gotta be able to do both. The competitor sticks out so much. When y'all watch the tape, try to find some plays of him going out of bounds. When he's near that sideline, he's gonna, he's a physical player. He's gonna lower his hat, even if it's for another inch, but he's not run out of bounds. He's fighting for every end. The player, he's one of those guys that we enjoyed our meetings with him, but you don't even have to meet him and you know that he loves ball and he's passionate in all those things when you just put on the tape and see the way he plays the game. So that's why we're so excited. You talked about the runner wide receivers and I think there were three in a row after the tackle. Was there much separation in your mind in that top group of wide receivers that were four, five, six, seven, and a little more? Was he like far ahead? I just wanna show me your board. Was he like, we're not gonna do that.  I know you're not gonna do that. Was there much separation in your mind between the group of wide receivers? Hypothetical subjectivity here. So, you know, there are a lot of good players. They all have different skill sets. We're really happy with the fit for us. And that really, that's all that matters. How do you? Coach, I'm talking about compliments. What do you think about just the sides with Kyle Piss last year and Drake London this year? That's two big targets with pretty good catch radiuses. Your thoughts on what you envisioned them being together on the field and in particular, what you think you could get done in the red zone? Well, it's really all over the field. We need more trips to the red zone too. So we gotta be more efficient.  We're obviously excited. We have a good vision for him. He's gotta go out there and earn it. But they're different players too. And you can, again, look right out there and look at the numbers and say, oh, they're both tall. Yeah, but they're different players. They compliment each other well. So we're excited. He'll come in here. He'll add a lot to this offense, help us be more efficient. Obviously, we need to get more explosive too. He brings that to the table as well. We're gonna talk about just the big guys out there, Kyle Bissini and Drake Lundy. He had a nickname. Kind of already had a nickname for him. Yeah, I don't know about that one. Twin towers? Maybe need to work on that one. Yeah, we'll see if that one's done. Who, who, who did it? Right, he self-imposed a nickname for the two of them. That's smart. Thank you. All it does is give me more material for the team meeting. So I'm actually appreciative of that. So I'm actually fired up for that. Not good. You didn't have to bring that up, Cam, not. That wasn't my actual question. I just used it as an opportunity to talk to Drake, yeah. Tomorrow's morning. Yeah, you just put it on the T-form towers. Thank you. You mentioned him in the slot, him outside. Like, I don't want to get your full playbook away, but when you start to envision him and the way you can use him, what excites you about being the first to play? Well, it's just that.  A lot of guys that only play one position, some of these offenses, they only stay on the same side. It does give you a lot of confidence, as much as when you like to move different formations, different personnel groups, you see him run the routes that we'd ask him to run inside. You see him make those contested, gotta have it catch his one-on-one outside. So you're very confident in the player and what you're getting. Obviously, it's our job to keep developing and enhancing those skills. So like I said, it's a really valuable offensive weapon force. Talk about how they translate maybe college to pro. Do you see him as a guy who can be an immediate contributor year one? Well, that's the intent. You take a guy that high, but again, if he's, we'll bring him along at his speed. So certainly when you put a pick that high on a player, then there's an extra station that's got needs to contribute no different than Kyle last year. But we've all been around it.   He's good to go, which we still gotta be smarter as we bring him along and get into camp. Can you just follow up on what you mentioned, Andrew, do you have a time on when you want him to be full go? You can ask D-Led about my time lines. Yeah. Charles. Oh God. Oh my God. A little late here for him. All right. Well, that's exactly what I was gonna ask.  So do you expect him to just have any restrictions as you're getting started with rookie camp and that kind of thing? I mean, the way that the it's set up now, you know, some of the rookie camps from the old days D-Led, you know, he's been kind of full metal jacking. They started, everybody's smart. You gotta build these guys. They're all been different. Some of these guys been on the banquet circuit. They've been taking a million visits. They've been trying to work out in hotel gyms. Like you guys gotta be smart when these guys get here and build them up. That's for all of our players. Terry, what would your son have mocked? Okay, he had his, he had his whole mock drafts and it's fun. It's really funny. He gets into it and it's cool. Look, we have a building here where we love families, love the families around and our kids are always here and it's pretty special for him to be around but he's definitely excited. Was he right with your pick? Was he right? Did he get your pick right? I can't reveal his pick. We got to make sure we keep him off the mic too. Is he getting his allowance this week or not? His allowance?  He's a different kid. Was he okay with your pick or did he give you a hard time? Oh no, he's excited about the pick. I'm sorry if you said this but how many times did you personally work out Drake or and or talk to a person? I don't think it's keeping it anyway. What was your intellectual properties already? I guess three times. He's got three different buzzwords. He's getting the new material. I'll talk to him and do his mix it up. Personal work out in a couple other meetings? And I'm sorry, you sold like right away that this could be your guy or did it take a while? Yeah, the entire process. No, we liked them the entire process from the meetings, February meetings with the Scouts. Everybody loved them and then we met them at the combine. Spent time with them there. We went out and had a personal work out, spent time with them, talked to them a lot and you checked all the boxes. Can't worry about what other teams are doing but after you guys took Drake, there was a run on wide receivers. What did you make of that section of the draft? Yeah, I think we kind of expected it. The author brought it up and we kind of predicted that probably was going to happen. There was going to be a little run on those guys. That's kind of how it happens. The defensive guys went and there's a run on receiver. So I think we kind of expected that. You guys kind of touched on this a little bit but when we talked with Drake, he really stressed. He wants to earn it and nothing to give in time. Did you guys get that sense any time you talked with them and then the due diligence you did? Do people kind of match that up with what you said to you guys? Yeah, no doubt. That's who he is. And you guys will be around him a little bit and when you're around him, you'll see that. When we're around him, we see that. When we watch his tape, we see that. That's who he is. He's a tough, he's a football player and he's wired the right way and we wouldn't, we're not going to bring, we wouldn't be bringing a guy in the building if he wasn't. So that means a lot. That's who he is.  How do you, you guys love Drake London obviously, but the receiver value as a whole, how much does that play in draft tonight? He was really the best player on the board as it came off, you know. So like we said, all those things are always factors, but for us, we stayed true to the board and he was the best player on the board and we took him. Do you have anything to surprise you tonight? Even after you guys played? That's crazy. I mean, those 32 good football players went tonight. So can't think of anything crazy. It's kind of what we expected. Regardless of whatever the hype and then whatever, it's kind of when you get closer to it, you realize what's fluff and what's not. So I was pretty active. What was the difference between going through it the second time as opposed to the first time last year? Well, we had to wait a little bit longer for our pick, but they actually went fast. Those, they weren't, they were turning those picks in. So it went a lot faster, but outside of that, and I don't think, I mean, we're a few picks down, hopefully next year we're waiting a lot longer and as we get this thing rolling, we're not picking the top 10 anymore. Kind of look ahead, what's your process tomorrow for picks? Yeah, so we basically have the players stacked and we'll sit on and go through them and really talk about our stack and we'll make those phone calls like we always do with the teams in front of us and the teams behind us and gather that information and because it's all a weighing process. So we're making a decision on, okay, these players are gonna be there. These are players we expect, but let's weigh what it will cost to go up and what we'll gain to come back and just weigh all that out. So we'll spend time going through our stack. The players are already stacked, but we just go back through it, spend some time with the coaches and pull some good names off the board tomorrow. We'll make sure we get some stronger coffee for some of you guys, look a little sleepy.  When did the bow tie come off? How deep into the first round to the bow tie? Round 18. Round 18. Don't let the ground reach down. All right, good. Thanks, guys. Appreciate it, man.


When he saw the crowds and had compassion because they were confused and hopeless, like a sheep without shepherd, he said to his disciples, Harvest is great, but the workers are few. So pray to the Lord who is in charge of the harvest. Ask Him to send more workers onto the field. All right. So today I want to talk about the believer's progression. I believe that every person, every believer must grow through life and must progress. And I want to share three stages that every believer needs to progress through.  First stage that every believer starts in is a stage of multitudes or crowds, say with me, multitudes.  And Jesus, he sees the multitudes and Bible says he has compassion on them. And we see everywhere in the Bible, he was walking around, multitudes were following him and he loved the crowds. He loved and he had the compassion for the crowds. Bible says he ministered to them. He healed their sicks. He cast out their demons and he taught them. Jesus, he had compassion on the crowds. He never turned them away. While Jesus had disciples, he had the 12, the 72 and more people followed him and were his disciples. But he had the crowds and he never turned away to the crowds. On the opposite, he went and ministered and served them. As a church, we have to have a big vision. We have to see beyond just few of us. Me and my family will serve the Lord. We have to see beyond just this 300, 250, 300 people that are sitting here, every single service. We have to even see beyond the new building where we are going to have a thousand people coming in every single service. We have to see even beyond the Colosseum that we are going to fill, the Toyota Center that we are going to go and fill for the kingdom of God. And many people will be gathered. We have to see the multitudes, say multitudes. Because that's what Jesus sees. Sometimes people condemn us in a way that all you care is about crowds.  You want bigger church so you can be called a mega church. So that you can have a platform and so you can be elevated and your influence can grow. Now that comes as a result of multiplication of a crowd of a multitude. But to be honest, I don't want that because that comes with a lot of headache, a lot of work and a lot of responsibilities.  Now take them by times two, times three, times four, times ten. Yeah, the platform is nice, but the headache, the work, the effort is ten times of that as well. I get to preach here once a month for 30 minutes. Okay, that's my platform, but the rest of the month, seven days a week, I'm in a trenches working, putting effort, discipling and all that. And so now multiply that by time, by time stand. So the accusation of, oh, it's the church is about the numbers.  Because every person, because in the crowd there is that one person. And in the crowd there once was you and me.  So we are not just about the numbers, we are about the one in that number. We're about that one in that crowd. We're about that one out of the 99 that is lost. And we want to see many people come to know Jesus Christ. And we are not one of those Christians that believe that, oh, when Jesus comes on this earth, will he find faith? There's going to be so few of us. You know, we're going to be the elect hiding in the caves away from Jesus, away from the world, waiting for Jesus' return. No, Jesus said that in the last days as the darkness will increase, so his grace will increase. As the darkness will increase, so his light will increase. As a sin will abound, his grace will abound even more. The kingdom of God Bible says it will put a stiff resistance to the antichrist in all of his works. That means that we're going to be growing, that we're going to be powerful, that kingdom of God is going to grow. And we're going to be a fighting force against the darkness. The grace of God on the church, the church will be powerful in the last days. Jesus is not coming for a small bride of a bride that is feeble and weak and powerless. He's coming for a glorious bride. He's coming back for a victorious bride. He's coming back for a mega bride. And I want you to embrace the vision and mindset of Jesus. He cares for the crowds. He loves, he ministers, and he sees many people. He said that if all the four corners of the earth will come to me, I will take him. That's what Jesus sees. That's what the Father sees. He sees the four corners of the earth. Not just a few people here and there, a few families here and there. And church, I want us to carry the vision of Jesus to see our family safe, extended family safe, to see our community safe, our school safe, to see our city and state safe, our entire nation. Jesus is worthy of the crowd. And thinking anything less than that is selfish. Because in that crowd once upon a time, I was there and you were there. And that crowd deserves Jesus. It deserves the gospel. It deserves the power of God, healing deliverance and breakthrough in Jesus' name. It deserves to hear the gospel with power in Jesus' name. So that's the introduction to the multitudes and crowd. But every believer starts in the crowd.  You begin to hear his message. The crowds were around Jesus. A crowd is a place where they receive healing. They receive deliverance. They're being fed. And maybe you are part of this crowd today. Maybe you just came to church. You've been coming to church for maybe a couple of months. And you are part of this crowd. Today we're going to have a deliverance service on the third service. You're going to be getting delivered from your demons, from the pain in your heart that you've been carrying. You heard this wonderful testimony of this lady. You're going to be going through that process. A crowd is someone, a person in a crowd, someone that receives, receives love, compassion, receives healing, receives deliverance. But a crowd, being part of the crowd, following Jesus, it carries a shallow commitment. Because the crowd, one day was with Jesus. Jesus, you are the next common Messiah. And few short days after that, crucify him. Because, you know, he's turning up rebellion in the community. And I want to encourage you to enjoy the time in the crowd. Enjoy the ministry of love and compassion that you receive right now. Enjoy the season of receiving instructions and teaching. But there is more. Say there is more. So crowd just follows Jesus and receives the ministry, receives the benefits of the cross and Jesus. But there is a next stage. There is a next step that every Christian has to take and needs to go through. And that stage is a disciple. Say a disciple. A disciple is still a person that is going through inner healing, the renewing of the mind. It's still a person that is getting set free from various things. Strongholds are being broken. But what is being added is Christian disciplines, instruction, and even corrections or rebukes. Now, I know that requires a deeper level of commitment. It requires you to begin to walk with Jesus. See, crowds came to an event. And that's what crowd is. You come to Sunday. You come to conferences. You come to various events that we put on for you. And it's awesome. It's good. Come and enjoy. Come and partake. Receive the blessing of those events. But you've got to go deeper, say deeper. And deeper is becoming a disciple of Jesus. It's learning to walk with Jesus on a daily basis. Crowds just came for events, for services. And if you're part of the crowd and you have not become a disciple of the house, you have not become a disciple of the world, today I encourage you to take a step further. Get engaged. Get involved. Get plugged in into the home group. And I'm going to also outline a few other discipleship steps that we provide in this house so that you can become a disciple of Jesus. Amen. I believe there is four things that identifies a disciple of Jesus. Four things. First one is prayer. Say prayer. And in Luke chapter 11 verse 1 through 4, when Jesus finished praying, one of his disciples came to him and said, Lord, teach us how to pray. As a disciple of God, as a disciple of Christ, one of the first things that you're going to have to learn to do is to develop your prayer life. It may look differently for different people, but you have to have time in a day where you begin to cultivate your personal relationship with God through prayer. It might start with two minutes, but let it be consistent. Begin to grow from two minutes to five minutes. Begin to develop your prayer life. Begin to develop your prayer language with God. Begin to develop your fellowship with the Holy Spirit. And as you grow, it will grow with you. Then you're going to be spending 30 minutes in prayer. And building your place where you spend, Jesus said, could you not bear with me for an hour? He was talking to his disciples that as a disciple of Jesus, that we build our prayer life that we could spend an hour with Jesus every single day.  Things might look different. Things might not look like it's in the morning. They might be in your lunch break. They might look like you're spending time with Jesus at the end of the day when you put everybody to sleep.  Without prayer, you cannot be true disciple of Jesus. Amen? Second thing that I believe every disciple must develop or develop as a disciple of Jesus is the word. Say the word. In Matthew chapter 13 verse 11 says this, you are permitted to understand the secrets of the kingdom of heaven by others or not. Who are others? He was referring to the crowd. The crowd were the others. So even though Jesus was preaching to the crowd, but there was certain level of understanding that they had. A disciple, he goes further. A disciple is the one that takes the message, for example, from today and goes back into his prayer closets and begins to say, Lord, how can I take a next step? Lord, what does that mean to me? And begins to digest and begins to study the word for themselves in their private time.  And they begin to get deeper in the word of God. And the Holy Spirit begins to bring revelation, begins to bring and open up the mysteries of the kingdom. They are not only being spoon fed on Sundays, but they are beginning to learn to feed themselves as a disciple of Jesus on a regular basis, on a daily basis. So today I want to ask you, where are you at? On what stage of your journey as a believer you are at?  Do you still rely on a leader to spoon feed you? Do you still rely on events and Sunday service experience to receive your measure or word? Then you are still just on a foundational level, just the beginning. You are still a crowd. I want to challenge you, and the Holy Spirit is challenging you today, to get deeper with God, to become a disciple of Jesus, and that means to establish your prayer life and to establish your word life where you begin to read God's word and God begins to speak to you and reveal the mystery of His word. Where you begin to receive a revelation of His word. Amen. You can't be disciple of Jesus without these two things. The third thing that I see that made disciples separate from the crowd was serving, say serving. And it's recorded in Mark chapter 9 verse 10 through 17 NIV version, but examples throughout the Bible, throughout the Gospels are many. Jesus was trying to feed 5,000 people. He replied, you give them something to eat, they answered, disciples answered. We have only five loaves of bread and two fish, unless we go and buy the food for all the crowd, about 5,000 men were there. But he said to his disciples, have them sit down in groups of about 50 each. Then disciples did so. Then he prayed for the bread, prayed for the fish. They distributed it. And then Bible says, then they all ate, were satisfied. And disciples picked up the 12 baskets of broken pieces that were left after. So what are disciples doing? They are serving. They are mushrooming people. Jesus said, hey, why don't people come in, set them in rows of 50. Hey, now take this bread, now spread it out. The service was finished. Hey, let's go, let's clean it up. There was practical service. And we see that throughout the life of Jesus, disciples were serving Jesus. They were there to accommodate the crowd. They were there to help Sunday service experience to be excellent. They were there for the events to go smoothly, to begin to help in every area. Whether it's parking lot team, whether it's welcome team, whether it's ushering, whether it's a media team, whether it's a sound team, whether it's on worship, whether it's the broadcast team, whatever it is, whatever my gifting allows, wherever there is a need, because I'm a disciple, I am serving. So today I want to ask you, as a disciple of this house, as a disciple of Jesus, where are you serving? Now you might look different for every person. Somehow you will not necessarily serve in every Sunday capacity. Your gift might be a management. Your gift might be in an area of your expertise that you can add that to the church to better that area. Or it might be in something else, but there has to be an element of you serving the house. You serving the kingdom of God.  Are you with me? And if you're not serving, you have still yet to be a disciple of Jesus, because true disciples, they served. They served. Or you say, I don't need the church. It's just me and Jesus and the world and prayer, and as long as I pray and as long as I read, what I often find out, those people don't read as often as they say they do, and they don't pray as often as they say they do. But we see a true disciple of Jesus. If we study disciples on Jesus, they're not only learned from Jesus, from the word. They're not only learned to pray, but they also served him, served the house.  We are launching a fourth service. There's many positions that are open from Austrian team, from welcome team, to all the positions that we need to fill in this church, in this main sanctuary, need to be filled in the other place. And so ask the Lord, pray about, let all the Spirit examine your life so that you can be a part of the team that serves. Obviously, you know, you say, I want to also be on Sunday service. There's going to be rotation, so it's not going to be necessary maybe every Sunday. Or if it is every Sunday, one service you sit, one service you serve, whatever it is, but you will be getting both receiving and serving.  That's what marks a true disciple. And the last one is commission, say commission. And Matthew chapter 28, verse 19 through 20, Jesus, he's finishing up, he's wrapping up his discipleship program, okay? And he's about to go and leave his disciples, and he kind of finalizes his thing, and he's making sure that his disciples cut the vision, and that vision is the commission to see people saved and discipled, to see people saved and discipled. Well, I believe that finalizes the stage of this discipleship, or let's put it this way, we never graduate from discipleship, but what solidifies the stage of discipleship is when you begin to embrace the vision of Jesus, and that vision is for the lost souls to be saved. When you begin to step out and invite new people, when you begin to pray for new people to be saved, when you begin to give towards that, begin to fast toward the vision and to see people being saved, and to see people on disciples. This is where you begin to get plugged in in a group and begin to seek to have your own group so that you can begin to disciple and lead others to Christ. I believe you can't be true disciple of Jesus. A disciple of Jesus is an image of Jesus without having the commission of Jesus, the great commission at the core of your heart, to love, to cherish people, and to lead them to Christ and disciple them and establish them a new faith. How does it practically look like in our church? That looks like the discipleship program. The way it looks like if you just started coming and you want to, how do I go from a crowd to being a disciple? Number one is that we have a life class. Life class for five weeks. This one right now is in session and it's full, we can't add any more. I think the sign up for the next one is already up on our website. I encourage you to sign up. It's five classes where we take you through some of the basic things and we get you prepared for the encounter. And an encounter, it's a getaway retreat for two days where we minister to you. Inner healing, healing, deliverance, and we help you to get, we minister to you. We'll help you to get rid of some of the things that you've been carrying. We also have prayer lines like today and the third service. That's also part of that as well. The next, the way it looks like it to become a disciple is get into the home group. Get plugged into the home group. Be a part of a community because this is where you will be strengthened. This is where you're going to be learning God's word. This is where in a smaller setting you're going to be held accountable. This is where people can pray for you and you can be disciples. Bible says iron sharpens iron and this is where we get sharpened and this is where we get prepared for the mission. The way it looks like is then joining a destiny training. Destiny training split into three parts about five or seven weeks each where we begin to take you deeper into the mysteries and the principles of God's kingdom and what it means to live a healthy kingdom lifestyle. And it's also level two, level three begins to prepare you as a disciple begins to instill a vision in you to prepare you for the next stage. That's going to launch in about five or seven weeks and we're going to announce that.  Destiny training would be the next step for you to sign up and be a part of it. Something that we are working toward here within maybe even next year in September if not next year. We're working toward having one year long Hungry Jin Bible school Bible college. Sorry. And we're preparing and working for those people that have gone to destiny training and even already maybe a leaders or helpers of the home group leader but they say, you know, I want to take my knowledge deeper my walk with God deeper. I want to take I want to learn deeper principles of God the mysteries of God so that my life is established and I feel like that I can give more than in a year long process you will be walking with you we're going to be going into deeper things of the word and the ministry so you will feel like you are actually prepared and equipped. And then somewhere down the line we're working with Pastor Bryson and Pastor Rickard and Pastor Vlad to working towards having an accredited Hungry Jin University where people will take a significant time going through it will be trained but the goal is not just to give them accredited get them credits for their theology degree but to empower them and very strategically build future leaders and future pastors that will be planting churches all around the world. Let's put our hands together for Jesus. So that's the practical state and the last stage that every believer should strive to be is a laborer say laborer and we find all of those three in the scripture that we read. That was a crowd that were disciples and Jesus said pray for the laborers so disciples were in a stage where they still being prepped but they were not laborers yet so Jesus says I'm praying for the laborers because my goal is not just to have you as a disciple my goal is to graduate you to the next stage where you become a laborer seeing first two stages as a crowd as a disciple it's mostly receiving you receive love, compassion, freedom, healing deliverance but when you step into the stage of a laborer this is a place where you can begin to give love this is a place where you begin to serve compassion this is a place where you begin to pray for healing and people are being healed this is a place where you begin to move in the gifts of the Holy Spirit this is a place where you confront the demonic and cast it out of the lives of people this is a place where you're not just you're not just coming to church to receive you're coming to church to help, serve, assist but you're going back out and that's where your ministry is at you're a minister of the gospel at that point you're a worker and a kinder of God you're part of a last day army that's pushing back the darkness and capturing territory for Jesus you're the laborer on a field that's harvesting those souls for God and I want to challenge some of you who've been in discipleship stage for a while you're already anchored as a believer you're solid there's a lot of things that the Lord has done in your life he's established your marriage your maybe your financial life life is not perfect but you've been around the block time or two and you're already anchored in the Lord I want to challenge you to move to the next stage don't get stuck there's more grace in the next stage Jesus is moving Jesus is going forward and if you feel like your life has lost purpose lost meaning maybe perhaps because you stopped the discipleship stage it felt good, it felt awesome because you just received there's still quite a bit more about you there's certain areas the Lord fixed up in your life and you're feeling great but this is not the end being a work in his field this is your goal and with each step as we see the crowd is massive, 5000 disciples are only 72, 12 but Jesus says the laborers are even less than that I want us to be different in our church I want us to have this blueprint for our life and it's okay to start in the crowd but don't get stuck there it's okay to be a disciple but there's more for you there is a stage of laboring so I want to challenge you and encourage you today to step into that stage to step into the stage begin to serve how does that look like well that does look like going through all those things that I mentioned going through the discipleship program getting trained receiving the DNA receiving the heart receiving the vision from this house and being plugged in in a group and then striving to become a home group leader's assistant a helper because then once you are faithful in that you learn the ropes you can become a home group leader yourself now if the word leader scares you just think of a home group worker just think of the way Jesus called you a laborer meaning you just love people you care for people you pray for them and you just fellowship with them train them we have this pipeline that's going to be assisting you with discipling them so you don't have to know all the scripture you don't have to know all the principles you're still being trained yourself but you already stepped into the place of laboring for Jesus the way it looks like is that you continue to grow you continue to multiply raise other leaders in your group and release them to start their own home groups so then you become a tribe leader you have meaning you have people leaders that you've released to have their own home groups and if the Lord called you to go even further then to grow and go through the school and becoming one of the branch pastors of Hangu Jain which we're going to have many in the future in Jesus name whether it's another satellite location or maybe that's something God will call you to go to another nation to as a missionary or to go to another city and to start something or be a part of something else but that you grow through this pipeline and I understand that everybody is going to go through a pipeline this pipeline through the end not everybody is called to be a pastor or a minister but to some degree whatever the Lord called you you got to be you got to make it to the stage of a laborer and worker for the kingdom of God are you with me if you're going to clap, let's clap I'm going to finish on this story I remember I remember when pastor Bryce he wasn't a pastor but then he came and he was 13 and he was this timid child boy full of insecurities and different things when he came into church when he was 13 I took him under my wing and was discipling for many many years going through with him through all these waves of discovering who he is his identity then came the stage of dating and he was like oh this girl I'm like no no don't go that way and he would try it and get burned and come back crying I'm like it's okay buddy it's better for you and just going through these stages with him in life and just walking the life of discipleship building him up encourage him speaking into him speaking into his future speaking into his calling when I was telling him that he's going to be a pastor one day he you know I think he was struggling to embrace that because he was just barely trying to be trying to be a leader but time came when he got on staff at church he graduated from not graduated shifted from doing worship to leading an internship that became a very successful program he became an intern director for seven years and made such an impact around the world with those teens and students that came in and now he's shifted from being an intern director into being like an executive director at the church where he on a practical level begins to implement the vision of pastor Vlad and what God wants to do through hungry Jen and I'm looking at his life remembering when he came from from 13 years old starting in the crowd making his way through discipleship and looking how he became a labor for the kingdom of God and I'm proud of that man and I see his parents are here I'm sure they are very proud of him as well and he's impacting people around the world thousands and millions of people through his ministry and this is just the beginning because of what God is about to do through this ministry and I want to encourage you and I look at him and I look at his life and we talk often and just to see how proud and satisfied he is in the process and how fulfilled he is that he is in his calling and the life that he's impacted and each and one of us each and one of you can feel that on your own level in different spheres of life where you live your life on purpose where you live your life with intent where you live your life that you make an impact for eternity as a worker as a laborer for God's kingdom in Jesus' name do you receive that? thank you so much for being a part of this community if you're interested in learning more about Hungry Gen our internship our conferences deliverance and so many other things go to HungryGen.com for more information and as always remember better is not good enough the best is yet to come


hope you are doing great and safe. First of all, before starting my presentation, I would thanks the organizer, sponsors, Omar Santos and yet another security community, Yas, for their supports. This is my honor to speak at Defcon Writing Village and I'm really excited about this. So this talk, I think is really interesting because we are going to take a look at the mobile network which using by mobile operators and many other entities all around the world. This area of test contains many many valuable information like user location, user unique information and phone number related data. The important thing in this talk is that we are going to review all possible bypassing methods because I think you may hear much about telecom and SS7 vulnerabilities and hacking. So the purposes of this talk are to address all those bypassing techniques from a redeemer perspective. If you're ready, let's get started. So first I want to introduce myself. I'm Ali Abdelahi, a cybersecurity enthusiast with over eight years of experience in variety of fields trying to make the world a safer place. I'm instructor at Hacking 9 and an active researcher and bug hunter. I'm a regular speaker and trainer at famous cybersecurity and hacking global conferences like Cocon, TyphoonCon, Texas Cyber Summit, OS, APSIC Days, Confidence and this year proudly announced that accepts writing village and a speaker and trainer at aerospace and APSIC villages. As you can see, there are many security incidents and news about vulnerabilities and hacking mobile infrastructure, including protocols, communications and interconnections. In the top left corner, there is a news regarding attacking financial organizations and the ATM infection by exploiting SS7 protocol. In this case, hackers try to intercept authorized payment phone SMS to exploit them. So because one of the most usable attacks in SMS interception and spoofing in the lower left corner, you can see a news about using telecom protocol to target UK Metro Bank in 2019. In this scenario, hackers track and intercept text messages to gain unauthorized access to banking accounts. In the top right corner, you can find another news regarding fixing SS7 and telecom vulnerabilities in US, which would be very helpful to secure the communications and subscribers private info. So the last one is news about sending tweets via SMS, which passed by Twitter to avoid unwanted and harmful tweets and combating malicious actors. So now the question is that what types of attacks and well-known VTS, 3D and mobile networks and subscribers and why they are important to red teamers. So the first possible category is subscriber data leakage. Actually, subscriber data leakage is a vital part for red teamers to set up their next steps and scenarios. In this part of the scenarios, they will retrieve subscribers in C number and other stuff. Next one is network data leakage, which is very important for red teamer to understand what's happening inside mobile core network and what kind of devices are in place there. Finding mobile subscribers location is one of the most critical issue. So based on this attack, criminal can retrieve subscribers CGI or cell global identifier and convert it to MCC mobile country code, MNC mobile network code and LAC or LAC location area code and cell ID or CID to find the actual sector which the subscriber connected to. Sniffing is the next scenario which points to voice and SMS interceptions. Spoofing is another case which is very interesting because if you want to take advantage of it as a red teamer, you may perform a call with fake caller ID or send a SMS wire fake number. The last attack category is fraud. Red teamers can perform malicious use of the requests, call redirection, sync or profile swapping, etc. to done fraud attack categories. Now we are starting or bypassing journey one by one. So first of all we are going to talk about the radio segment which is the most accessible part of a mobile network. As you can see here we have a big picture of radio access network or RAN in different technologies. BTS in 2G or GSM, NodeB in 3G or UMTS technology and E-NodeB in 4G or LTE networks. So there is a connection between cell towers to the core networks and based on your traffic type means voice or data. The data pass through to CS core or circuit switch network or packet switch network. In this picture we have 5G architecture. Most of elements are different but from a red teamer point of view, security flaws and opportunities in traditional technologies still available here. Please note that 5G has its own vulnerabilities and because of IP backbone and software usage in this sector generation many other doors open to hackers. Now we are going to review all possible vectors for a red teamer when facing with a mobile network. First is mobile RAN radio access network. So red teamer needs to be in radio field and needs to have some sort of tools like hardware and software. Second is signaling network or CS. So to do this red teamer needs to have access to the signaling network. Red teamer can buy the access from dark web even or officially from telco providers all around the world or based on the contract retrieved from the network owner. Data network is more easier because most of attacks can perform from the internet and some of them from a signaling point. Okay now we are going to review security mechanics in radio access network or radio security. The first one is mobile device registration using IMAI. Second is enabling ciphering algorithms to fight against interception and manning the needle. Third item is using only LTE or LTE advanced or some other advanced mobile technologies instead of traditional mobile core networks in 2G and UMTS. So as you can see here this is the big picture of a radio access network and you can see it is in LTE generation fourth generation. Radio access network in this technology called EU-Tran or Evolve-U-Tran and the e-node beads are here they are connected to each other using each two interfaces and connected to the core network using S1 interfaces. Okay why using IMAI policies actually to fight against phone smuggling, low-fall and security monitoring, tracking stolen devices and criminals are the most usage of mobile device registration or IMAI based policies. Okay now with the help of Motorola phone C115 and 118 and Osmocon BB software we can set an invalid or fake or even duplicate IMAI and set up a call to test network reactions. So this is the first bypass in radio access network. According to this screenshot here network sends identity requests to my phone and the type of identity was IMAI. So I replied to it using an invalid IMAI set to all zero. So the network accepted my invalid IMAI because Cyphering procedure is completed. So there are some types of Cyphering keys like KC, S-RES and random number in radio access network which harden the radio network to avoid active sniffing and they always store in HLR or HSS in core network. HLR or HSS as subscriber database has components called AUC or authentication center which responsible for Cyphering and authentication procedures. To bypass and get these information we are going to targeting AUC in HLR or HSS by abusing SS7 and signaling access as a relevant partner. As you can see I sent a malicious SS7 map SAI or send authentication info to targeted core network from SS7 network to retrieve Cyphering information and the network respond me via RAND, S-RES and KC values in clear text. Another security mechanism is using advanced technologies to bring highest quality and performance, having more security and privacy in core and radio segments and other factors like voice over LT, VULT, flexibility etc. Okay so let's reviewing first round of bypassing method. Totally there is a general way and it is downgrading subscribers to traditional technologies like 3G and 2G which are vulnerable. To perform downgrading we need to use a signal jammer. Security in circuit-sitz network. There are two main security solutions in this segment of network and the first is using SMS home routing and second one is signalling firewall. Home routing acts as a proxy and the definition of home router is to hiding subscriber IMC number which is very valuable information to perform other hacking scenarios from a red teamer perspective. As you can see a red teamer requests to receive IMC number from HLR HSS and the HSS respond with real value. However home router changed the value with a fake one. So the main issue is that how we can detect if home routing is enabled or not. Just need to send two or more malicious SS7 message like send routing info for SM or SRI for SM. If we receive different responses it means that SMS home routing is in place. As you can see here red teamer or our tester send two different messages or the same message two times and responses are different as you can see and the main issue is SMS router here because in both cases HLR HSS respond with a real number. However SMS router changed the actual values. In telecommunications we have three types of GTs or global title which act as IP address. MS ISDN consists of MCC or mobile country code NDC and SN. IMC consists of MCC, MNC or mobile network code and MSIN. MGT consists of MCC, NDC and MSIN. As you can see red teamer can use MGT number and a valid random IMC number to request other information regarding to targeted mobile number and it's really IMC. Signaling firewall.  Bypassing signaling firewall. So to bypass these kind of firewalls we need just to playing with TCAP. What is TCAP? TCAP is a SS7 sub protocol and it's like TCP. TCAP enables the deployment of advanced intelligent network services by supporting non-circuit related information exchange between signaling points using the SSCP connection less service. TCAP provides the framework to retrieve information or invoke remote operations and that offers the means for end users in the SS7 network to query another end office and act as the software interface between an SS7 and SS7 point and database services in order to obtain data from the SS7 network. To perform bypassing we need to remove application context name from TCAP or sending double operation message. The application context name or ACN is used for all supported ITU TCAP messages except abort, abort message. No attempt to retrieve the ACN is made for abort messages. All other supported messages may have a dialogue portion containing dialogue request, unidirectional dialogue and dialogue response PDU from which the ACN is retrieved. If no dialogue portion is detected then the ACN is assumed to be none. The TCAP opcode based routing feature attempts to find the opcode in all supported TCAP messages except abort. These messages must contain invoke or return results, stand for last or not last as the first component. If not the opcode is assumed to be none. So removing application context name from TCAP message to start the procedure we need to remove dialogue request section from our malicious SS7 message. Then there will not application context name to point to malicious SS7 map message or mobile application part message. So this is the second bypassing method sending double operation message. Actually most of signaling firewall block or accept a message based on message type. So each signaling message has its own opcode and it's a vital number. According to the picture red teamers trying to put a legitimate SS7 map message opcode in the first step and so it seems a legitimate one and then put a malicious SS7 map message. So signaling firewall check just the first operation code which is pointing to legitimate operation. After that the component inside the core network replied to signaling firewall or actually a red teamer here in this scenario and trying to keep session which is legitimate and valid and ask to send the message again so all right teamers say thanks and this is what he wants and still the whole session is still available and legitimate as well. So HLRHSS or signaling point inside our core network will respond with real subscriber in the number and network information and this is what actually a red teamer wants. As I mentioned in past several years a mobile network operator and telecom providers turn against telecom and especially SS7 attacks and enable many security mechanisms. In this stack I try to explain all possible bypassing techniques in all network segments in telecom infrastructures. We must consider that red teaming is very important because in these networks we are dealing with millions of user private data. Be careful that blind hardening and buying security appliances or software because they are not fair enough. We must have behavior analysis and continuous monitoring as complementary solutions. Thank you very much for your attention. I'm still available for any questions. I hope you enjoyed this talk and please in touch with me.


Good evening, and hello to everyone here at Debcon 18 This is the next speech from Catherine Sutter about in the 1968 mom built a computer woman's route to technique Please give a warm welcome to Catherine. Hello This is not the type of talk I normally do so I will put my applied social theory lens on it I Go by Catherine Kathy and on IRC. I am D. Lib. I Do applied social theory I've brought behavioral science background My bachelor's degree was focusing in human development actually was interested in neurochemistry and nutrition But and public health, but when I went into I decided that the political and policy questions were greater than the scientific questions I'd like to introduce an idea of legitimate peripheral participation and that that Shapes a community differently instead of thinking of newcomers coming in from the bottom and Becoming and going up towards the top of higher power We think of a community is coming from of newcomers coming from the edges and then judge How well do we bring those newcomers in how open and permeable are the boundaries? And do we give meaningful roles to new contributors and That is the lens I will use to describe this story of my mother and difficulties and barriers she had to enter a career in tech So I never really thought of my mother is very successful But I also get irritated with mom jokes And I'd like to say I think some of these she might be unusual, but it's too bad I think there are many women and many other people's stories that have similar kinds of barriers So I'll try to use her as an example Notice in this picture of a Computer a plastic computer. You could build yourself. They had trouble Marketing it so they're trying to tell people. No, really. It's fun. It's not just really complicated sets of things You have to put together and so they put a father with a daughter and the picture in the front But now if we had had a son there, you would think the father was training the son But with the daughter, it's more fun and enjoyable. He's it's interesting that there's a little girl on there My mother's life. I'd like to start the story with my grandfather. He worked for Presto Presto He was a fine woodworker and he created the molds for their foundry their production of steel Cookware in his off hours. He's a very creative person He decided that the complicated clamps on the pressure cookers made them in it who complicated And so he invented this way of putting a lid on and turning it and My grandmother said that this is the reason why these handles never fit women's hands. He carved it for his own hand My mother was trained by her mother in the Depression era to be very very frugal. She learned she was very Interested they were all DIY they're pioneers in the US very hands-on kinds of folks and lived in a small pioneer town in Wisconsin and she learned this kind of practical geometry In sewing with her mother and she was very interested in fabrics and quality But she was the second child and they had no boy So my grandfather said no let the Gretchen come into the shop and work with me I gave an example of the kind of machinery of that era Don't have a picture of his shop But she did things like because he was disappointed that this new pressure cooker that he invented became belonged to Preston instead of himself He just formed his own company and he hired my mother to work after school for many years So they for example, she would do the mathematics of a dial To that would show if you want to cook beef in your pressure cooker How many minutes will it take and so she did all the math at the dining room table to figure out how to do that? shape In a college crafting in a college drafting class that she took in a community college after high school She did well and so her family gave sent her to art school And she always said if I had been a boy, they would have realized I was really an engineer She wasn't she her aesthetic sense wasn't so great But she was very beautiful at the time She there were some technical jobs open for women. She became a sewing machine repair person and the story I normally heard about that was Kathy she didn't have much of a clothing sense but she said just remember never wear a red dress to a job interview and then she would tell the story of how she wore red dress to this job interview and the boss took her to a conference and Only booked one room in the motel and so she left Because and then she said the fault was that she didn't know you're not supposed to wear a red dress to a job interview When she married my father and went to Germany for the US Army She had a great love and that was her foth 332 sewing machine very absorbed in it this picture of the inner workings of it. This is her passion I've seen her she taught me on this not this exact machine but this model all my life and she didn't really teach me about clothes or Making clothes, but she taught me about the mechanics of the machine and how to use it Elvis Presley was on the base at that time. She really wasn't very impressed with him But she really loved the best German engineered sewing machine. She had ever seen. Oh That's me in the little picture with my mom as a single mother She found a job as a department store Detective meaning she was a secret shopper and she complained that the managers were watching the women in the Dressing rooms and make and making rude jokes about them through the two-way mirrors and she was fired She became a waitress Later she had a job with a vending machine maintenance company. She would travel around And she found out through some kind of social event that the men were making Extremely more money than she was doing the same work. Maybe less and She asked why? they made more money and Cater matt told her it was because they had families to support But she had three children in a one room apart in a one bedroom apartment that she could not tell them about Or she would not be allowed to have the job a single woman with three children She was not a very happy person, but she found things to keep herself busy and feeling like she was working somewhere into the future She in the 1960s. There are many of these electronics mail order courses offered in the newspapers and She signed up for one of these and she studied it in her spare time after working full-time as of her cater mat. I Remember it was 68 or 69 because at that time I remember her waking us up To watch this vision of a man stepping on the moon and how excited she was We had very little money. Sometimes there was not enough money for dinner to have a good meal but for fun we would go on Saturdays to a Flea market and she would give us each 50 cents or a dollar We could buy anything we wanted and what she would buy with me were these appliances a toaster of an oven that looked like this one and this photographic equipment And she would fix them and that would be our entertainment and things to do for fun during the week One night I woke up in the middle of the night and I went out to the dining room And I was tired and now my mother's very tired person, right? She works very hard and she had all these plastic pieces all over the table red and white and all these lines and these Pieces of tape and labels and it's like mom. What are you doing? I was just coming to get a glass of water and she said look Kathy. It's a computer What's that? You can help me here help me sort this and this and she gave me the instruction manual and I looked at it And I was too tired and I went back to bed But she worked on that for a long time and she was very excited that she made it work So remember at the time the computers looked like this But she had one on her own kitchen table so other ways in which she was technical Silent Spring by Rachel Carson this book is about the Pesticides and environmental hazards that we were all very very frightened by when it was came out and we all read that vitamin C and the common cold by Linus Pauling talking about this idea of these molecules called amino acids and other vitamins meaning they were absolutely required for life and how you shouldn't eat Foods that lose these things for vitamins and then how to eat it Adele Davis was her favorite author probably all her life and Linus Pauling finally Still working full-time now as a housekeeper as a maid doing house cleaning the US government started funding this thing called community colleges and I remember She The slide rule became the thing that made her happy She would just tried to teach me how to use the slide rule and she was so excited about it and the Algebra and and the note careful note she would take she wanted to go for a nutrition degree But she had to she couldn't use that much time So she got a two-year degree as a chemical technician She applied for a job with that chemical technician degree at RCA radio corporation of America And they said that at the time they had many applicants like her But the reason she stood out is they had never before met anyone to finish a home electronics course Home electronics course this correspondence where you make something electronic and then send it mail it To the company and they grade it and mail it you the next assignment and then grade you a test all done by mail And so people would start these things and never finish them and she finished them and they said that's the reason she they gave her the that That they gave her that job so I found this photo of the folks that she worked with because these are the folks in the older facility before the Somerville facility was built and About three years before and they looked like what I remember because at the time I was in high school and They looked like that and she talked about them So she was given a special she had some ideas about how to fit the electronics on a silicon chip into a smaller Form factor. This is what they were working on She had ideas that they found interesting and they gave her permission to do special projects Where she had access to the entire laboratory? This is stepping on the toes of the more senior women who have been there a long time and in order to gain their trust She wasn't really into it, but at lunchtime they did crocheting So she would She told me that what she did was she Let them teach her how to crochet and then she went home and stayed up around the clock For much of a week to impress them with how fast she put out this crochet blanket That was better than what they had taught her to do and she gained their trust She also told me the story of how I don't know if it was these women But women of these this generation and for all I know it might have been some of these women who would take their very fine motor skills and their experience but with fiber work and had been wrapping Wires for the computer systems for NASA and this was an inspiring story for her And she would make fun of these old ladies that were more impressed by crochet But she was very proud of how well she had done at it So the thing that she was working on you'll notice in this slide It's talking about the layers in the silicon chips and the way the circuits are attached to each other In this particular chip what they were trying to do is make it smaller and they were finding What how she explained to me what they were doing is that they would were trying to get the curves She was working on how to make the curves Connect more tightly and eventually they found a different crystal structure that made that easier Which is interesting because she married a world-renowned material physicist at the time and they would talk about things like Crystal structures. I Believe this may have been the very chip that she was working on It's because it I found a research report that was declassified out of RCA from 1974 It looks vaguely like the pictures. I remember when I was a child although I wouldn't go by that She said that she imaged a picture of me as a baby on one of the layers, but I don't think it's findable And apparently it was very unusual for the time. This was her dream job She was the happiest I had ever seen her in my life She bonded with my thought my stepfather over their shared technical interests This is a computer. I believe is the one that they built In the kitchen table and made sure that we were not part of it Parts of the computer all over the table all over the place for quite a while. I Had a TRS 102 that I played with but I thought I'd pick up this picture. It just reminded me of the kind of magazines around the house so then It turns out that her job bumped my military and corporate CEO kind of Stepfather's tax bracket higher than her income brought in So she quit the job But so I didn't think of that as a success and She was very unhappy, but this is a picture of my mother happy I don't remember what program she was learning, but she was excited because she was writing programming She was learning programming and she was happy about it. And this is a computer. She was using at the time I didn't actually I had already gone off to University of Illinois At that time, but when I would come back home, this was a closet off of the kitchen where she did her work This was in Chicago at this time. I didn't grow up there, but at this time during college They were he was working for Standard Oil of Indiana So my summary so what are the take-home lessons here I think that all of these these not really happy aspects of the story can be summarized but as a lack of Pathways or access to legitimate peripheral participation in tech She did these things that showed her capacity her knowledge her Enthusiasm, but at each step because she was female these little hurdles kept getting thrown at her that were big enough to derail her So poor access to meaningful work on the edges Inappropriately tracked into traditional women's roles But also persistence and cleverness and finding new entry points into technology. I'm sorry This isn't a happier story for me to tell I Really appreciate you guys listening and I this is the end of this part of the talk. There's a time check. Is there any room for? Five minutes. I think an interesting thing to talk about would be how does a newcomer who doesn't look like the people in the center of the group? become given Roles that allow them become more central Hi, thank you very much for the talk. It was really very interesting So personally I can totally relate to the to the topic because I have finished for international affairs and diplomacy so which means that I have a background in social sciences and Recently, I've been learning Python as I see that the That the future kind of off the market of the place that I'm living is requiring a lot of people that has technical skills So, how do you think that those two things things can? Merge together and can create in the end something that it's very nice and can be useful Are you asking for career advice? No, I am asking how can you combine those two things? and Can make it like so people cannot just be technical or just be in the social field Yeah, but they can somehow merge those two things together and can Come up with something nice because I heard in the beginning of the presentations that you were in the That you were in the science Part, but then thought to go and more in the social the social aspect So more it's like why do you had to do this? Right this exchange. I think that's a great question. It's often a gendered question So one of the things that you can sit down I mean if you want to stand there, it's fine, but Okay, here's one of my bugaboos one of the things that annoys me is that Social policy is being set by technically-minded people right now who tend to be young men How people should get along with each other tends to be women's work That's no big deal. We have plenty of women who can work on it But because technically-minded men have are so needed right now. I had a such a high demand get constant praise by your skills and abilities and knowledge and I find this more so among engineers than around scientists scientists are more ten in general the scientific field tends to be more excited by questions and Engineers my my stereotype are more interested in the answers, right? So one of the problems I see is not knowing where your own blind spots are You look for a technical solution on something when the goal hasn't been set up correctly so How do you bring in for in this example someone the women's work, you know what other and re and human resources How much power do they have? So I know that's not a complete answer to your question, but I think it's it's part of the problem Yeah, I'm being told I have one minute. Anybody want to say anything else? Okay so I've been thinking about this how to come from the edge to the center and In Debbie specifically like we do a lot of effort to acknowledge contributions from Contributors in different areas. So artists Lawyers or and we have the known upload uploading DDS and I'm afraid that when we accept acknowledge contributions contributors in those areas and we attack them as I Need to breathe No, when when we When Let's say a new Developer enters the community as a non-employed in DD for instance. It it's hard Then to break the to cross the line and become an uploading DD So when you enter the community by the edge with a small contribution translating or So where is the meaningful path? An example when I was reading about this theory of participation On the periphery and making it legitimate an example was used as a butcher shop and an old butcher shop The head butcher would be in the middle But the assistant butchers would be somewhere nearby doing more menial tasks, but they always had Visual access and could see the more advanced positions And so over time and with opportunity and with need they could step into those roles Yeah, but then it's It's really hard. I think when we have separate roles and then for the migration Like if we as a communist you are not With a good eye on that like to give opportunity for those people that we already said oh you you are this kind of contributor and you are and then it's on Tuesday. I'm forgetting the time I will be Facilitating a conversation between any team members who would like to arrive to talk about how teams can help each other in terms Of how they govern their groups and it include questions of how bringing in new peppers if people want to yeah Thank you very much everybody