Welcome to Think Tech Talks. I am your host today, Carol Monly, with my guest award-winning journalist, Michelle Brodervan Dyke. Michelle, born and raised in Hawaii, was most recently a night editor and Hawaii correspondent for the online news outlet BuzzFeed News. Her experience includes writing for the New York Times, San Francisco Chronicle, and freelancing for many other publications. Our title of our show today is called Reporting from Hawaii to the World. Welcome, Michelle. Thank you for having me. Great to see you. Well, the 21st century experience for people reading the news interested in finding out what's going on in the world is so different than the 20th century. So tell us a little bit about BuzzFeed and the whole new world of online media and other publications like Huffington Post and versus the traditional media. Oh, well, BuzzFeed is unique because it's just all on the Internet, whereas legacy media, you know, we think of the New York Times and San Francisco Chronicle. The print media. Yeah, things that were originally print, although a lot of them are, you know, very present in the digital space and some of them are moving to becoming digital-only publications. Something like BuzzFeed, Huffington Post, Vox, Vice Media, these things all emerged and just started on, you know, for the most part on the Internet. So how old are they? They've only been around for the last, what, 10 or 15 years? Yeah, I think that would be close to correct. And so BuzzFeed, for instance, and HuffPost, there's no such thing as a hard copy. Right. You cannot find it anywhere. Yeah. And how long had you been with BuzzFeed? I worked there for six years. Uh-huh. And what was your role? I was a night editor and the Hawaii correspondent for BuzzFeed. So as a night editor, I worked a unique shift where, in Hawaii, it was the daytime, but on the mainland in New York, it would have been nighttime. So in New York, my shift would have been something like 6 p.m. to 2 a.m. But in Hawaii, it was usually around 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. at night. And I was on a team where we did 24-7 breaking news coverage. And so people on the mainland in New York and Los Angeles and San Francisco would do sort of the day coverage and then they would hand over to me in Hawaii. And then when I was done, we would hand over to people in London. And so in that way, it would keep the 24-7 news cycle going. Wow. So that is really basically kind of a new concept so that the viewer could see, would have immediate coverage of news all around the world. But you could do it from your home here in Hawaii because you work out of your home office, is that right? And yet the public sees, they go online and that's the only way to access BuzzFeed and the other online publications, but be able to access news, breaking news from everywhere. Right. And so, yeah, I think a lot of publications have always tried to do, a lot of media news organizations have always tried to do 24-7 news coverage. But that often required people staying up all night. So I think this was kind of a new model where the internet really could connect people and help us share their stories as well as collect their stories. So sometimes at night, the coverage is unique. So it's kind of, we were doing a lot of national news, but coverage at night tended to be unscripted things. So maybe Congress is in session during the day and that's something that the daytime shift needs to cover. But at night, you know, interesting enough last two years for politics, that became a lot of Trump's tweets. At nighttime. Because that was a lot of the news, the news, nightly news coverage. Yeah. And other unexpected things too, unfortunately mass shootings, you know, and also natural disasters, so stuff like that, that we can now see unfolding either on social media. And, you know, through also calling people and finding out what's happening on the ground, we can do that actually from far away in a lot of ways. Of course, there's also an importance for having place-based journalism where people are located. And so I was also doing that for BuzzFeed News from Hawaii. And so in Hawaii, you know, there are certain stories that have national interest. So last year, you know, the, or two years ago, the Hawaii vs. Trump case happened where our local government challenged the Trump travel band. Our state attorney general. Thank you. Doug Chin. And so through that, there was, you know, a court hearing in Hawaii that needed coverage and other things that unfolded around that. And then just last year, the false miss alert happened, which you really needed to be in Hawaii to experience and to understand how that unfolded. And so there's just stories like that that I was able to do because I'm based here. Right. And that also gives you the opportunity to update or correct items, news items that would in, I guess, traditional media you wait until the morning edition or the afternoon edition. And of course, many traditional media now only can afford one or two editions a day. Right. And so, yes, I do think the pace of news has changed and that a lot of people are used to receiving information as soon as it, as it happens, which is challenging because sometimes you need to, you know, look at the information and verify and make sure it's correct. And so sometimes as things are playing out in real time, it is hard to know what's true. But a lot of things, it does become apparent very quickly what's happening. And people, you know, by publishing that stuff online, people can find out the information immediately instead of waiting for it to be printed overnight and delivered to them. So let's show a couple of slides because I know that they reflect what we were just talking about in Hawaii. So this is a slide of a picture of three different awards. And so these are awards that you've received. So tell us about the awards because they cover some of the issues that you were just mentioning. Yeah, well, the Breaking News Reporting Award in the middle was for the coverage of the Hawaii vs. Trump travel ban, which I mentioned. So you received what? First place for breaking news in 2017? Yeah. The Society of Professional Journalists in Hawaii. And then it's a little hard to read the smaller ones, but one of them is about Mark Zuckerberg's property on Kauai. And that became controversial. He bought as many as 700 acres on part of Kauai. But within his massive property, there are smaller parcels that because of unique land laws in Hawaii that date back to the Hawaiian kingdom. These parcels had been passed on through families for generations. And they're called Kuliana lands. So there are often, there's sometimes hundreds of heirs that might claim just an acre or maybe a couple of acres. And so individuals own small parts of them, but they are still kept within the families. And so some of those smaller parcels are in Mark Zuckerberg's property. And it became controversial because he was able, he was forced, I think this is still a story that's unfolding, but he is trying to claim some of those parcels and force them to go to auction. So did you break this story? Was this something that you, that mostly mainland reporters, journalists were not that interested in? It was, I think a lot of people that cover Mark Zuckerberg are technology reporters. And so they do, they're incredibly smart people and understand what they're talking about when they write about Facebook. But it did seem like a lot of them took Mark Zuckerberg's explanation of how the lawsuits that he was pursuing worked at face value. And they didn't understand the nuances of how many families own these properties and that they date back to hundreds of years ago. And so it did seem like me and other local journalists, I have to give the Garden Island credit because they've done incredible reporting on this on Kauai. But we're able to understand more of the nuances and to push the understanding on this reporting. And the backlash to this did make Mark Zuckerberg change his plans. So you really affected a little some change based on your journalism and investigation. Yeah. And like I said, they'll have to see how this plays out because he did stop what he was doing at the time. But it seems like there might be other ways to still obtain that land. And I do think he, what happens needs to be, to continue to be followed. Right. Okay, let's see. Let's go to the next slide. The next one is a picture of you. It looks like you on a video, your screen at home. Yes. And so explain to our, and says nuclear warning test. So this was actually before the false missile alert happened. Which was last. That was on January 13th last year. Yes. And before that happened, I was doing coverage for BuzzFeed News about the fact that the state of Hawaii was bringing back these nuclear warring sirens that actually date back to the Cold War era when the government was particularly concerned about this. But because of what's been happening in North Korea, there was a very, there's heightened tension at the time in the state of Hawaii decided to start bringing back the siren test. So I was doing some preliminary reporting about, you know, how they were operating and what the sirens sounded like and how people in Hawaii felt about them. And all of this was actually playing out in the fall before the false missile alert happened. But that reporting was very helpful to do in advance of the bigger story that ended up playing out that perhaps we couldn't have seen. But when it happened, you know, having that knowledge in that very scary moment about what was happening was very helpful.  I did do a live video for BuzzFeed News and I went on air to talk to people all across the country and all across the world. We were able to just, you know, experience exactly what we were all experiencing here in Hawaii. And through the live video format, they were able to ask me questions and I was able to answer directly to the people that were watching and interested what was happening. And then it was a very emotional experience and I think people felt that when they watched me on the video. And so right after I was done with the video, I quickly wrote up a story about my personal experience that we were also able to share with people. And then that weekend I went around Waikiki and interviewed people about their experiences so we could collect more stories. And you know, it was just, it was a unique moment. Collecting those stories was a little like, I think a little like therapy with people. For everybody. Yeah, for me and for the people I was, you know, talking to because we had all gone through really emotional and life changing experience. Exactly. Yeah. And then the last picture we have is another event that happened last year that was important to Hawaii. And what we are showing here is lava flow. Yeah, so here we are on the Big Island. So I flew from Oahu to the Big Island to do the reporting on the eruption last year that went, ended up, you know, the volcano ended up flowing steadily for about three to four months. And it was a really unique eruption because it actually went into, you know, a suburban community in Hawaii and took a lot of people's homes. And I don't know if everyone understands this on the mainland, but usually the volcano erupts in this national park. And it's, you know, set up to be a safe experience that most people, that usually people can actually view. And know houses are built on it. Yes. And people are safe. Yeah, so this was a little different. The National Guard actually took us into that area where the road was getting covered up that you saw in that photo because it was a residential community. And all around people were collecting the last things from their homes. There's a lava slowly encroached on this community. And that picture is very moving because someone's left an offering for Pele. And that's the, I think Pele is a very unique to Hawaii. She's the volcano god and the way people spoke to me about the volcano and about Pele's presence. It's just very unique. And I think watching land change is also an incredibly unique thing that people had a lot of respect for just despite the fact that it was also traumatizing and sad because they were losing their well-beings. And then to have you be there on the ground from Hawaii who understands Hawaii, born and raised in Hawaii and telling the world exactly what was going on. So are you the only reporter from Hawaii for BuzzFeed? I was the only reporter that was based in Hawaii that worked for BuzzFeed. So typically what would be a day in your life for BuzzFeed? Because you say you work from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. So your day, you work out of your home. Do you do a lot of investigative reporting outside of your online phone and on your computer all the time? Yeah, it was a mix. So I was in discussion in a Slack room which is like a group chat room and discussing with my colleagues on the mainland as well as Australia and London. What was the pace of the day and what kind of national stories needed to be covered. And like I said, we could see some of that unfolding either on Facebook or Twitter or other social media sites. So you have both your own page up and then also monitoring all sorts of other social media groups. And so we would discuss what's just imperative, what's very important news that needed to be covered. And that would be balanced with pitches about Hawaii and discussions about other things that we needed to cover. Well, we're going to take a short break, Michelle. And we'll be right back to talk more to Michelle Brodevan, a journalist and a former night editor at BuzzFeed News. We'll be right back. Thank you. Aloha. I'm Wendy Lowe and I'm coming to you every other Tuesday at 2 o'clock live from ThinkTech Hawaii. And on our show, we talk about taking your health back. And what does that mean? It means mind, body and soul. Anything you can do that makes your body healthier and happier is what we're going to be talking about, whether it's spiritual health, mental health, fascia health, beautiful smile health, whatever it means. Let's take healthy back. Aloha. Aloha. I'm Dave Stevens, host of the Cyber Underground. This is where we discuss everything that relates to computers that's just going to scare you out of your mind. So come join us every week here on ThinkTechHawaii.com 1 p.m. on Friday afternoons. And then you can go see all our episodes on YouTube. Just look up the Cyber Underground on YouTube. All our shows will show up. And please follow us. We're always giving you current, relevant information to protect you. Keepin' you safe. Aloha. Welcome back. This is Carol Monly on ThinkTech Tech Talks with my special guest journalist, Michelle Brodevan. Michelle Brodevan is back, and we've been talking about some of her work when she was the night editor at BuzzFeed News and how the landscape has changed in the 21st century with media. But Michelle is no longer with BuzzFeed because you were part of the mass layoffs that BuzzFeed did recently. Was it about a thousand media folks in the last month? Well, I was across, actually, several companies had layoffs. So I believe Verizon, which owns Huffington Post laid off people. I believe that's correct, and Vice also had some layoffs. And so at BuzzFeed, about 250 of us were laid off, about 15 to 20 percent of the company, unfortunately. And what was the reason given? That we were not making the revenue marks that we had projected as our targets. For BuzzFeed News? Yes. Although we, my understanding is that BuzzFeed was making more money than it had the year before. I see. So it's all a new, you know, we talk about the 21st century because of growing up, we only had print media. We never had this online. So did the business model change? Did it prove to be ineffective? How has that affected where we are today versus 10 or 15 years ago when BuzzFeed was new on the scene? And there was BuzzFeed and BuzzFeed News and social media.  And as a journalist, I was very focused on my own reporting for the company and the work that I was doing on my team. And we weren't given revenue or targets that we were supposed to meet that we did not meet. Is that typically done for reporters, journalists, that they give revenue targets? I'm not sure. But I'm getting to that it's challenging for me to speak to the business model because I was focused on my own reporting. But this is a learning lesson and I do think that it's important to know about the business models of the companies that you work for and the news media in general. Is it possible that maybe, I guess when I think of the business model that the vision was that there would be growth, continuing growth of this online media? So my understanding is that we were growing. We were growing. Ah, you were growing. We did make more money than the year before. Do you see the public's use of online media different than consuming media that way versus the traditional way? Maybe, you know, I personally, okay, so I grew up traditional media. Now I am very aware of and use online media and, you know, I'm the first person in the morning. I look at my phone and open up my news apps, but I still like print media. So I'm adjusting between both. Is that, you know, something where you see print media may have been given its death sentence years ago, but I don't think that's the case. Yeah, sure. A good friend of mine brought up, said recently, there needs to be a reason to kill a tree though. So I think the best print media is, you know, is a publication you save. It's something that you go back to and you want to read over and over again. Do you do that? Yeah, with books and magazines and things I love, yes. But newspapers? I don't think with the news it necessarily needs to be printed because of the continued change that's happening so quickly. We kind of already talked about this in the first half, but, you know, if you go on the internet you can know what's happening. In the last hour. Yeah, so it was something like the government shutdown. You know, if you read the newspaper in the morning by the afternoon, the dynamics of that have changed, especially in Hawaii where we are actually often getting these, we might be getting these things on a delay, you know, because of the extra added hours of the time zone difference. Right. The political climate, though, affected to the consumption of the news and how you observe it and what you write. I know you're writing a lot of political coverage too. I think the Trump selection changed a lot of stuff for the media. Yeah, I do think that's true. I think there was a reflection on whether before his election that some issues had been properly focused on.  And I think there's a new view that we need to take, you know, this seriously. I think something that Trump is very good at, though, is distracting the media by making the media spend a lot of time fact checking him. Because he does say things that are not true and then that's the job of the media to explore that. And that means that there isn't time for other stuff that also needs to be covered. And defending yourselves in terms of his fake news charges and everything else. Yeah, so he did attack BuzzFeed in particular about some of our coverage as well as the layoffs, which was, well, it's a little inappropriate. So what are you doing now? I'm still continuing to write about Hawaii for a national audience and I'm working on freelancing. Well, you've had a great experience because I know you were a stringer for the New York Times. You've written for the Chronicle, San Francisco Chronicle, local news, right, Hawaii Civil Beat. And do you like, how about online television reporting? Is that something that you're interested in doing? I think of myself as a writer first, but I just think that getting these stories across is the most important thing. And you were just bringing up, you know, everyone likes to consume their news in a different way. And I think meeting our audiences where they're at is part of the challenge of media right now. And so whether it's, you know, in your newspaper or on Instagram or on Facebook, wherever people are going to consume the news is a place that I think news media has gone to meet them. You know, there are these unique challenges about making money and advertisement revenue on the internet, which, you know, it loops back to kind of what you're asking me about the business model before, which is a unique challenge of digital media and Facebook and Google have played into this, probably in some negative ways that I think are going to need to be explored because they take so much of that revenue from the people that are actually making the content and the news. Right. Do you have a particular area of reporting that you enjoy more than others?  Well, I'm very passionate about elevating stories from the Pacific and from Hawaii that I just think this is a region that gets underreported on perhaps because of our geographical isolation, but that it's such a rich and diverse place full of, you know, stories that connect to the world at large that really need to be told. So something I'm focusing on right now. Oh, that's great. Any particular story that we would be privy to hearing about now?  But in general, I think just the landscape of Hawaii makes it different. We experience climate change firsthand. I think that's one story I wrote was about the sunscreen ban. We've banned certain chemicals that are in sunscreen because they affect the coral reefs in Hawaii. Changing the colors and killing coral reefs. And, you know, why was Hawaii the first state to do that? I think because we see our oceans and we see our nature here. And also, we're an island, though, so because we're a smaller space, we can be the first to try something out. You know, the geographical isolation actually lends some positives because this is a great place to try electric cars, because you don't have to drive as far, and this is a great place to try to ban on sunscreen because it is easier to keep things out of our state, you know? Yeah. Well, you grew up, born and grew up here, and we know you went to Punahou, then Oberlin, and Columbia Graduate School of Journalism. But bringing you back to Hawaii, was there anything particularly in your education in Punahou that prepared you to be this world-class journalist that can represent Hawaii to the world in terms of whatever your curriculum or your teachers or what you chose to focus on? Well, I was really lucky to have some time to explore journalism and English and literature courses while I was at Punahou. I did, in middle school, I did do a journalism course with Mr. Wagonseller, and we got to do some hard-hitting reporting on what was happening in the Bishop Middle School at Punahou. You had a newspaper, a school newspaper. Yeah, it was through a class, that one. But, you know, he was very encouraging to have us look for stories that were in our community, and I think conversation around that's really important when you're young to see that, you know, right in front of you are things that are happening on that. So you knew from way back then that you wanted to be a journalist? I was always really interested in writing, so I was figuring out a way to, yeah, tell stories, and there was many little things that led me to journalism, and that was definitely part of it.  Yeah, I think there are bigger stories that I would like to tell with some of the time I have right now. And hopefully, yeah, maybe that could be something that would become a book. Well, we only have a minute left during this time with us, and is there any specific advice you have for budding journalists? Because journalism is such an important field, and for us here at Think Tech, and of course in Hawaii, we realize the importance of knowing what's going on in the world and having people know what's going on with Hawaii, because as you say, we could get very much lost, isolated. So do you have any advice for our viewers out there if they want to get into journalism and into this very important work and role that you do for us? Well, I do think that journalism is more important than ever before with the state of the world and with what needs to be discussed and to be covered. And I just think you have to go forward and keep telling people stories, keep practicing, and to try and get the facts right and to elevate what's going on in the world. Okay, well, thank you so much, Michelle. We've been talking with Michelle Broder van Dyke, a journalist born and raised in Hawaii, but bringing the news to the world through, previously through BuzzFeed News, and we'll be watching anxiously and awaiting what her next stories are going to be about us in Hawaii. So thank you so much for joining us. This is Think Tech Talks, and I'm your host today, Carol Monly. Aloha, until next time.


Welcome, I welcome you all to this lecture in the course Sandhi in Paninian Grammar. In this lecture we continue studying the Swadi Sandhi. We have studied what is a Swadi Sandhi. We said that Swadi Sandhi is that Sandhi which substitutes the Swadi suffixes. In the specific environment of deriving a powder that is embedded in the derivation of a sentence. Remember we are talking about the derivation of the entire sentence with all the building elements placed side by side and the rules applying and the simultaneous derivation. So we have here the sentence template, we have studied this before but let us review this. So this particular sentence consists of three padas. This is one pra plus sup, this is second pra plus sup and this is third dha plus thing. According to the definition of the sentence namely Ekating Vaakyam there has to be one thing for this unit to be called a sentence and that is why this thing is there. The prakriti of this thing is dhatu that is why this dhatu is also mentioned here by the initial sound dha. The remaining padas they are all subhanthas ending in sup and the prakriti for the sup is pratipadika which is mentioned here by the initial sound pra.  This is the sentence and when these elements are placed side by side the first thing that happens where rules apply are internally and the words get derived and once these are derived then these elements they come into contact with the other padas and then these contacts or these combinations result in the sandhi which is what is described here as svadi sandhi. So this is a pratipadika and this is a sup, this is a pratipadika and this is a sup and this is dhatu and this is a thing. So when this padar comes into contact with this padar and this padar comes into contact with this padar obviously this sound of the pratyaya is coming immediately before this particular initial sound of the next padar and they are in uttered in close proximity. Similar is the case with this particular final sound of the sup pratyaya and then in place of these sup pratyayas there is the sandhi that is happening. Each sounds get replaced by these other substitutes and that is the reason why these are called sandhis, these are called svadi sandhis because they substitute the svadi suffixes and we have seen svadi includes the 21 suffixes stated in 412 as well as the other suffixes also. So we have seen this what is a svadi, svadi is referring to the suffixes which are termed vibhakti defined by 1, 4, 1, 0, 4 where sup and thing both are termed vibhakti. Sup suffixes are 21 suffixes added after a pratipadika or a nominal route stated by 412 in the astadhyayi and things suffixes are the 18 suffixes added after a verbal route stated by the sutra 3478 in the astadhyayi. So to give you a specific example once again this is what is a svadi sandhi. If we have ramas plus gramam plus nayati of course ramas, gramam and nayati these are derived internally by adding the suffix sir to ramam, am to gramam and ti to ni and this internal derivation has happened and now ramas and gramam and nayati they come into contact. So this sir comes immediately before this gh and this sir appears at the end of a padha. So this sir gets substituted and there is a chain of substitution which results in finally us getting this particular form ramam, ramam, gramam, gachati or nayati. So this o is termed as the result of the svadi sandhi. Similarly ramayana, grammas and gamam, nayati. So this sir becoming o this is what is the result of the svadi sandhi. Here are the sutras and we have studied some of them in the previous lecture namely sasa jishoruhu, atorora plutada plute and hashicha and we also noted an important feature of these sutras namely that as far as 6113 and 114 are concerned they are having an input which is an output of 8266 which is generally prohibited in the ashtadhyayi. Now in this lecture we shall study the two more important sutras which substitute year in place of ru and they are bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi and hali sarvesham. Let us take up bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi 8317. This sutra has got three padas bhobhago agho apurvasya yaha and ashi roho is continued. So bhobhago agho apurvasya is 6 slash 1 of bhos, bhagos and aghos and apurva is an adjective so apurvasya where a is purva, a stands for all 18 varieties of a. The sixth case in bhobhago agho apurvasya means part of yaha is 1 slash 1 of year which refers to the sound year and so this 1 slash 1 refers to the substitute. She is 7 slash 1 of ash, ash means all vowels plus her plus semi vowels plus class consonants 5, 4 and 3, ash means immediately before ash. Roho is 6 slash 1 of ru which is sound r, so roho means in place of. So here we have roho as the substitute year as the substitute and this ru has to be a part of bhos, bhagos and aghos and this ru should have a immediately preceding and the right hand side environment has to be ash. So the meaning of bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi is the following. Immediately before ash in place of ru which comes immediately after a and which is also a part of bhos, bhagos and aghos is substituted by year. I repeat immediately before ash, ash in place of ru, roho which comes immediately after a apurvasya and which is also a part of bhos, bhagos and aghos, bhobhago agho. This is substituted, this ru is substituted by year. These are the examples, these are the template examples. So we have bhos plus ash and this sir first of all becomes ru, so bhoru plus ash and then this ru is substituted by year. Since this ru is part of bhos and ash is following immediately, so this ru gets substituted by year. The derivation process does not end here as we shall see next. Then we have bhagos plus ash, sir is substituted by ru, by the sutra sasajusho ruho and we have studied this sutra before. Now this ru gets substituted by year by the present sutra 8317 bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi. Similarly aghos plus ash, sir is substituted by ru, by sasajusho ruho 8266 and this ru is substituted by year by the present sutra 8317 bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi. Similarly, you have this ur coming before sir, so as plus ash and sir is substituted by ru. Now is this ru is such that it is preceded immediately by ur. So this is apurva ru followed by ash, so this ru by this particular sutra is substituted by year and so we get i plus ash as the output generated by this particular sutra. Similarly, because there is the mention of apurva, this ur as we said before is all 18 varieties. So let us look at the dirgha variety of ur namely r, so we have r plus ash and this sir is substituted by ru, so we have r ru plus ash. Now this ru is such that it is preceded immediately by ur, long variety of ur. So this ru now is substituted by year by the present sutra bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi. Now once we reach this particular stage where the output is generated then the other sutras apply. The first of all this sutra Lopasakalyasya applies. Let us study what this sutra has to say. This sutra has got two padas Lopah and Shakalyasya, Lopah is one slash one of Lopah that is deletion. This is stated as a substitute, Shakalyasya means in view of the grammarian Shakalyasya. Those continued are apurvasya whose previous sound is a jvoho six slash two of jva in place of year and ver and ashi seven slash one of ash thereby meaning immediately before ash. So now here we have year and ver stated as the substituents Lopah or the deletion or the zero substitute stated as the substitute in the environment of a preceding an ash following. This in view of Shakalyasya and therefore the option. So the sutra means immediately before ash in place of year and ver which come immediately after a substitute zero or deletion in the view of the grammarian Shakalyasya. So let us look at the meaning of the sutra Lopah-Shakalyasya it means immediately before ash in place of year and ver which come immediately after a substitute zero or deletion in the view of the grammarian Shakalyasya. So here we have a plus year or ver and this year or ver comes at the end of the p other followed by ash and then in place of this year or ver substitute zero optionally. So this a plus year or ver plus ash this is the input and A319 applies and returns a plus zero plus ash as the optional output. The other output would be this but Lopah-Shakalyasya says this could be the other output. So the meaning of the sutra once again is immediately before ash in place of year and ver which come immediately after a and which are also at the end of the p other substitute zero deletion in the view of the grammarian Shakalyasya. Then there is one more sutra which applies in this particular environment which is Hali-Sarvesham. Hali-Sarvesham now Hali-Sarvesham is A322 this has got two paddas Hali and Sarvesham. Hali is seven slash one of Hul which means immediately before a consonant Sarvesham is six slash three of Sarvesham which means in view of all. The words continued are bhobhago agho apurvasya which is six slash one of bhobhago apurva and this six case means part of. Yaha is six slash one of year sound year this means in place of and Lopah that is one slash one of Lopah or deletion and this is stated as the substitute. So the sutra means in view of all grammarians in place of year which comes immediately after a and which is part of bhos bhagos aghos substitute zero. I repeat in view of all grammarians in place of year which comes immediately after a and which is part of bhos bhagos and aghos substitute zero. So this can be put in the form of an equation like this bhobhago agho or a plus year plus Hul in this case we refer to only hash because that is part of the Pratyahara ash as well which is the condition for the year substitute to occur in the first place. So now when we have bhos slash bhagos slash aghos slash a plus year plus Hul and the output generated by this particular sutra in such a condition is bho slash bhago slash agho slash a plus zero plus Hul that is hash. So this is the template example if you have bho slash bhago slash agho slash a plus year plus hash. If this is the case then you have bho slash bhago slash agho slash a plus zero that is deletion plus hash this is the optional derivation lopashakalyasya and if you have bho slash bhago plus agho plus a slash a plus year plus Hul then bho slash bhago slash agho slash a plus zero plus Hul this is the generated output by the sutra hali sarvesham. This is the end result of the meaning of these sutras namely lopashakalyasya and hali sarvesham which operate on the output generated by the sutra bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi. Remember the input for bhobhago agho apurvasya yoshi is ru and the output for the same sutra is year. This year becomes the input for lopashakalyasya and also hali sarvesham. So as far as lopashakalyasya is concerned ashi is continued and there is optional deletion of year and then as far as hali sarvesham is concerned in front of Hul the deletion is obligatory accepted by all. So therefore the end result of application of both these sutras which state the substitution for year is this. If there is bho slash bhago slash agho slash a plus year plus H then year gets optionally deleted but if you have bho slash bhago plus agho plus a slash a plus year plus Hul then this year is permanently deleted. Let us look at the example. In this lecture here after let us look at the first examples of the output that is generated which is stated on the left hand side of the slide and we shall focus on the output generated by hali sarvesham stated on the right hand side of this particular slide in the next lecture. So let us study this first. If you have us plus H and then sir coming at the end of the pada so sir gets substituted by ru so aru plus H is the output this aru plus H is the input for bhobhago agho apurbashya yoshi and so I plus H is the output this output I plus H becomes the input for lopashakalyasya and also hali sarvesham so lopashakalyasya first of all applies over here and then we have the deletion of year optionally. This is the further processing that happens on in the environment of H immediately following. Let us study some template examples first and then we shall take up the specific examples. So we have us plus a as the first case and then this sir will be substituted by ru so we have aru plus a now in this case we have already studied the sutra ator or aplutha would apply and then substitute this ru by u so you have aru plus ar and then this ar and u they would become o by the guna sandhi so you have o plus ar as the next derivation and then this o plus ar since o comes at the end of the pada we will have another sutra applying and substituting both these o and ar by the purva ru per namely o so at the therefore and therefore o will be the resultant output and so this is not the output generated by lopashakalyasya there is no scope and that is why this is put in different colors.  Now let us look at the examples of us plus h being the input and sir becoming ru so they was plus aah and then sir becoming ru by sasa jushu ru hu ru becoming year by bho bha go agho apur vasya yoshi and then finally this year getting deleted by this particular sutra lopasha kallesya so we have deva aah optionally as the output similarly devas plus iti and sir becomes ru ru becomes year and then this year is optionally deleted so we have deva iti as an optionally derived form similarly devas plus utha and sir becomes ru ru becomes year year becomes zero optionally and so we have deva plus utha as the optionally derived form then we have devas plus rishi so deva ru plus rishi then deva y plus rishi then this year gets optionally deleted so we have deva plus rishi then we have devas plus lukaraha and the finally derived form is deva lukaraha optionally after having dropped deleted this year optionally similarly devas plus ekaha sir is substituted first by ru then by year and then finally it is deleted optionally and so we get deva ekaha then we have devas plus om so becoming ru ru becoming year and this year gets deleted optionally so we have deva plus om similarly devas plus idhata and the finally derived form is deva plus idhata this is optionally derived then we have devas plus aushadham and finally we get deva plus aushadham optionally derived then we have bhos plus achhuta where sir is substituted by ru then by year and then finally year gets deleted so we have bho achhuta similarly bho achhuta and agho achhuta are the forms that are also derived the next question is when we have deva plus aahe as the final output why there is no further sandhi like for example in deva plus aahe we can do the savarna dirga sandhi by 6 1 1 0 1 by substituting this a and this a by the savarna dirga of a namely a so we have we can have deva aahe similarly deva plus iti this is the output we can apply guna sandhi we can apply the sutra ad gunaha 6 187 and do the guna sandhi and get the form deveti similarly deva ekaha this is the scope for the vridhi sandhi 6 188 and the resultant output would be deva ekaha similarly deva plus aushadham once again vridhi sandhi and the output would be deva aushadham why this further sandhi does not happen so these forms these sandhis are not explained in paninian grammar the paninian grammatical tradition interprets this as the fact that these forms are not allowed by the paninian grammatical tradition they are not grammatical so why no further sandhi in these cases the answer is very simple the answer is that because users did not use it but then how does the grammar explain this particular fact the grammar explains by arranging the sutras in such a way where the output of certain sutras is said to be not to become the input for the other sutras acidha section the output of the sutra in the acidha section does not become the input for any previous sutra this is what acidha section stands for and here we see that the output of A319 namely 0 in place of year does not become the input for 6 187 and 88 to summarize we studied more substitutes in place of ru which was stated as a substitute of sir at the end of a padha these two substitutes are year and zero several occurrences like dhritarashtra uvacha sanjaya uvacha can be explained using the sutras that we studied so far in the swadi sandhi due to the principle of the acidha using which the sutras are arranged in the grammar absence of sandhi is not explained by the grammarian next we study the remaining examples and other cases related to this particular swadi sandhi this we shall do in the next lecture thank you very much for your attention


Can I just go? All right, cool. All right, hi, everybody. My name's Corey Bryant. I work at Canonical. And I'm on the OpenStack engineering team. And I split my time between packaging OpenStack for Ubuntu. And the rest of my time, I work on developing the OpenStack charms. So today, I'm going to be presenting on OpenStack CI as a service. And I'm going to kick the demo off really quick. So let's see. I'll talk through what I'm doing here. I'm cloning a local snapshot of Horizon that I snapshoted from upstream on GitHub just a couple days ago. I'm doing a shallow clone, and that's a little bit quicker. But what I'm going to do is I'm going to make an update to Horizon dashboard, to one of the titles on the screens. And I need your help.  Ham is a sweet beef? Meat? That's good. That's good. Last time I did this, it was a honey bed. You don't care. Anything else? It's your turn to be famous. Ham is? Oh, I'm not sure how long this is allowed to be. We'll go with that. So we got our change. Let me just double check that we don't have a syntax error. Look good? Can you guys see that, actually? All right, so we're right there. Page title. Ham is a sweet beef, and we love green eggs and ham. All right, so I'm going to push that to my branch. And I'm going to switch over to Jenkins. Oh, shoot. Good call. Thank you. OK, so Jenkins is right here. Let me just, we've got a job here called git watch right here. And that's watching the git commit. This is just basic Jenkins stuff. And then that's going to kick off git deploy with deployer. So if I just want to check here and see if we've got, OK. So that's good. So if I look in here, it's on SCM change. And so it saw my git change. It's following my git repository. Side note, my git repository is on Launchpad. We just got git support on Launchpad. So it could be GitHub. It could be anywhere. And so that's going to kick off a git deploy with deployer. And so what this is doing, if I look at the log, it's going to do a deployment of OpenStack from source. It's using the juju charms. And so that's one of the things I've been working on this last cycle is getting support for deploying from git into the juju charms. Typically, they obviously deploy from Debian packages from Ubuntu, right? So that's what that's doing right now. I'll come back to this. It's going to take probably 20 minutes. So I'll just come back and revisit. So why OpenStack CI and why canonical? I think a lot of the CI systems that are probably available right now are smaller development environments. And so this is using juju. And it is enabling multi-node deployments at scale from source. And so two of the things we're really focused on at canonical is quality and quality at scale, right? Because you're going to be finding different bugs once you're scaling out, right? So this gives us the opportunity to do that. We frequently work in our oil lab, which I'll talk a little bit more about, with vendors. We have 30 vendors that we're working with, hardware and network vendors, that all work with OpenStack. And we're testing all sorts of permutations and combinations of OpenStack deployments in the oil lab every day over and over. Deploy, test with Tempest, and then destroy, right? And then so it's really important stuff, right? And so one thought is that this could be really helpful for those vendors. They can do deploys from tip, right, with their code, and know as soon as possible whether things are working or broken, right, as early as possible. So that's the goal. But if you take two things out of this presentation, I mean, it's about testing quality at scale, and that's the big difference. So this is just your basic CI, just in case you don't file a CI, or understand CI. This is basic. It can be tweaked and whatnot, but basic thing, developer proposals have changed like I just did.  But if not, there's an error, and you start back over from scratch, right? So what we did there, I made a commit. It's triggering a deployment of OpenStack using Juju, and it's gonna be running Tempest. If you're not familiar with Tempest, anybody not familiar with Tempest? Yeah, so Tempest is upstream OpenStack testing suite. There's thousands of tests in it. Tests all the various APIs. You run it against a deployed cloud, a running cloud. And so it tests all various APIs and all sorts of scenarios, you know, like boot an instance, attach a volume to it, take a snapshot, and just all these kinds of things, right? And so by running Tempest, it gives you an idea of the health of the cloud. But it's not limited to Tempest. I'm running Tempest. There's Rally, and I know a lot of companies, you know, have their homegrown tests too, right? So it's flexible in that respect. But you know, the whole idea here is obviously just catch bugs early and often and run with the latest and greatest code. If you want, you can deploy from stable releases or master, so, you know, that's an option. So Canonical CI is a service. The, I've probably kind of mentioned these, the goal is to be able to validate code with upstream Git, TIP, or stable releases. I've tested it with stable ice house, stable Juno, stable Kilo, and master branch, and it's all been good. There will be breakage in our charms as master evolves, because our charms kind of, our charms do the deployment, the config management, the life cycle management of Cinder or Keystone or this or that, and so we obviously have to update those every cycle. And what we're gonna be doing is applying patches as soon as we can to our next branches, which are stable, or our development branches. But you also get the option, the ability to validate new vendor code against upstream Git, TIP, or stable. So let's say you're Contrail or, you know, some other NFV or SDN or storage solution that plugs into OpenStack. Well, this could be very useful, right? Because if you are able to keep testing from TIP and test your solutions from TIP, you'll know before we release packaging that you're working, you know, before Liberty even comes out into a stable release, you'll be testing, you'll be tested and sure. Same with, you know, enterprises, large enterprises. They've, you know, same kind of scenario, you know, be able to test from TIP and verify. So like, let's say you're running a public cloud or something, right? And you wanna test all this latest and greatest stuff, right? Well, you can do that, you can have a test environment deployed this way, test all that stuff out. When Liberty finally releases, you got a pretty good feeling that you're in a good position, right? So a little bit more about the scale. Juju's very scalable, it's really easy to scale. It's multi-node deployments. You can deploy to metal, to a cloud. You can deploy to AWS, Google Compute Engine. Azure, you name it. You can deploy locally to KVM or, I got a meeting. Sorry, gotta go. Yeah, so a lot of substrates that you can deploy to. And as I mentioned, you know, verify the deployed cloud with Tempest, Rally, or other tests. And just at the bottom, those are kind of the different things that go into this. Obviously OpenStack goes into this. Juju and Maz are the tools that we like to use. Jenkins, CI, testing could be Rally, could be Tempest, could be whatever. And Oil is kind of a side piece of this that may or may not be involved. So how does the magic happen? Actually, let me look over at the demo and just hopefully get a good feeling here. All right, so if you can see this, let me see, deploying OpenStack. This is the start of using a tool that we call Juju Deployer. It's a bundle deployer. It's got all the config for an OpenStack Juju bundle, like all the charms, any changes to default configs, any relations, they're all defined in this bundle. It's probably 150 lines of code, or YAML. Anyway, you deploy that, and that's what this did. This next step is pulling branches down, which are our charm branches. Then it starts to deploy services. So deploying service salometer using this local trustee salometer branch. Then we're gonna get down here into status. It'll start spitting out status about oh, heat is installing. Let me just search on heat. Heat is installing, and then finally, towards the end, it'll say heat started. So I'll come back to that, but good news is that's coming together. So what goes into our, how do we deploy OpenStack at canonical? This is the stack. It's charms, it's Juju, and then you have the substrates on the bottom, which are metal, which is mass. It could be VMware, which is coming soon, or it could be a cloud, or it could be local containers, or LexD is coming soon too. So does anybody know what Juju is? Probably heard about it. I'll just give a quick overview. Juju is essentially, it gives you the ability to deploy all these different microservices, right? And think of those services as being Cinder, Glantz, Nova Compute, those are all different services, right? And so you can deploy those and relate them. And charms are the code that makes up a service. So charms is just, it's Python code or Bash code or whatever that's in the charm store, in this charm. And if you went out and read the installation manual for Cinder, a bunch of the commands that you'd read there would be in there. So it's gonna install Cinder for you, the Cinder charm. It's gonna manage the life cycle of Cinder for you. It's gonna manage the config of Cinder for you. It's gonna manage relations to other services for you. So for example, most of the OpenStack services need a database, right? So if you just relate Cinder with the Cinder charm or the MySQL charm, they know that I'm creating a Cinder database in MySQL. It's just as easy as that, really. Juju's open source, it's got a nice GUI and it's got a command line and it's got an API. So Juju can be, you can deploy services to these different substrates. Maz is metal as a service. It gives you the ability to cluster hardware, physical nodes in your data center and treat those as if they were just virtual instances, right? So once you have a cluster of hardware, it'll provision an operating system of your choice to it. That could be Windows, could be RHEL, could be SLEZ, OpenSUSA, CentOS. Could even be Ubuntu. So yeah, so it'll do that and then Juju works with Maz to be able to deploy these services to Maz just like we could deploy to OpenStack or deploy to Azure or deploy to AWS. So you can deploy those same charms to all those different places if you want. So Maz is used, it's used by several banks in telcos. The open compute project is using Maz and the London Stock Exchange is also using Maz. And so there's a new config option for the OpenStack charms, which is how we enable the Git repositories. We point the charms to the Git repositories that you're gonna deploy from. So I'll just spend a little bit more time on Juju. This is just a snapshot of the GUI for Juju. This is kind of a, if you look at these different services up here, you'll recognize some of the names, Cinder, Keystone, all these OpenStack charms. On the left we've got Calico plugged in over there as a SDN NFE plugin. The really cool thing about Juju is that it's really dynamic. So if you want to take Calico out and put in Plum Grid, you can just easily just plug them in, right? If you wanna take Ceph out and use Swift, you can plug it in. If you wanna put Nagios in there, you can just put that in there to do some monitoring or ganglia. If you want to, well, we have an HA cluster charm so we can build an HA and so just put that in there. So there's all sorts of flexibility and then at Mark's keynote on Monday, Mark Shuttleworth, I don't know if anyone was there, but you could plug in a Juju Chaos monkey charm and he just kind of wreaks havoc and he was yanking networks and stuff the other day. So we thought that was pretty cool. Just go back to the demo. So we're looking pretty good. So if I just search for started, Ceph has started. We've got a three-node Ceph in here. Celerometer started. The Juju GUI, we put that in there. So things are looking pretty good. Oil, real quick. It's the OpenStack Interoperability Lab. I kind of talked about it a little bit. It is an extension to our partner program where we are testing all sorts of permutations and combinations of OpenStack deployments with vendor software and hardware involved. So there's 30 oil partners at this point. 12 of those partners are in oil production and 12 partners are in the process of being onboarded into oil production. There's a process of in oil where you start doing testing and staging and then we have to work back and forth to make sure everything's working as expected before we can get you promoted to production. And a lot of partners are charming their software. So for example, Calico was on that previous slide. So it makes it really nice for the whole ecosystem. And that's what it's really all about is testing the OpenStack ecosystem, right, and making sure that everything works. Just a couple more numbers. There's 27,600 is the number of OpenStack cloud deployments since June of 2014 that have been done in the oil lab. There's 43 different hardware configurations, including AMD, PowerPC, Little Indian, and ARM, and x86, obviously. And 81 combinations of OpenStack services tested in just April 2015. So it's really cool. And so one other thing is that at the end of the month, the oil partners, they get this report that goes through all the tests that have been run, combinations, successes, fails. So it's pretty nice. These are our oil partners. You see just a lot of hardware vendors, storage vendors, and network vendors. Okay, so what is supported from source? I mentioned earlier that I've tested Stable Ice House. These are GIP branches, like Stable Ice House, Stable Juno, Stable Kilo, as well as Master. There's breakage in Master. I mean, I opened a bug a week and a half ago because I couldn't deploy an instance and there was a bug. So there's bugs, you know? I mean, things get past the gate upstream, right? So, but it's supported and we're gonna make any fixes in our development branches of our charms. The charms that are currently have deploy from Git support are Cinder Glance, Nova Compute, Nova Cloud Controller, the Neutron Charms, OpenStack Dashboard, the main core charms. This next cycle, I have to get support into Cilometer and Heat and Swift, I think. So those will be coming and we'll have a complete full solution, but we've got a pretty good core solution right now. The deployment I'm doing right here is actually a mix of deployed from source and then the ones that don't support deployed from source are deployed from WN packages, right? All right, before questions, I think we've got plenty of time. So now that the slides are done, still deploying, it should be wrapping up pretty soon, but I'm gonna log into, let's see, it's moving really slow, sorry. So just, this is the deployment. As I mentioned, charms have the relations, so the final step of the deployment is that they add these relations to each other, so they relate all the charms that have defined relations. And it's really close to coming up. Once that comes up, I'll log into the dashboard and we can look at the change that was made. So I just have a little script here called check commits. It's just SSHing into each of these units and doing a Git log. So just to show you which Git commits we're running from. All right, well, the connectivity is a little slow logging into the system. It's gonna deploy pretty soon and we can look at the dashboard. Does anybody have any questions for right now? Spend some time doing questions. This is running on our test environment. It's initially a Maz deployed, a bunch of physical modes in Maz. We deploy OpenStack to that and then we deploy our test environments, use what's called the Juju OpenStack provider. So when we deploy these services, they're being installed into instances that are OpenStack instances. Yeah, yeah, yeah. But like I said, I mean, you could do the same exact deployments to various clouds. Of course, yeah, this is just, this is really just a prototype. It's as simple as you can get with Jenkins, right?  But yeah, yeah, I mean, there's a lot of flexibility there with the tests that you're running and whatnot. Any other questions? Could you elaborate a little bit more about use cases? I mean, a customer comes to you and says, look, I have this problem that you may solve and you do your work and then you give it back a test report, as I understand. So this would be something that would be run in-house for you, right? We might come consult and set it up for you and then you can have CI as a service in-house on your own environment, right? It depends on your needs, right?  And they always wanna roll out the latest and greatest OpenStack, right? But they don't wanna wait until Liberty releases to start testing, right? They wanna be able to test earlier. And so, and there's a lot of folks running private clouds or public clouds that are under the same situation. You wanna get that new feature fast, right? So that's one solution, that's one scenario. Another scenario is obviously vendors. Vendors wanna know that their code is running with the reference architecture of Ubuntu in scalable multi-node deployments, you know? It's all about flushing bugs out as early as possible. And then once the stable release comes out, you can go right to it. Yeah, one other thing that we also do CI on is charms. So like Calico has a charm and we do the same type of thing. When there's an upstream Git commit, we can run all sorts of tests on the charms, whether they're lint tests or unit tests, or we have these amulet tests which are a juju testing harness. So that's another thing that we can do. All right, so it looks like I actually have a dashboard. So this is the juju GUI for the deployment that we just did. We'll look at that first. And so that's exactly the deployment that we just deployed. If I wanna scale, let's say Keystone, I wanna add three units, I can easily do that from right here. Typically I'm like a command line guy too, so I could also do that from the command line if that was responding. But so yeah, so that's how easy it is to scale, right? What else, let me just look at, let's say the Nova Compute charm. I can dive down into the config options for this and the OpenStack Origin Git config option is the one that specifies the Git repositories to deploy from. So we need the requirements repository to update from global requirements. But we also grab Neutron. So there's the Git repository for Neutron and the branch is master, all right? All right, so that's that. That's the juju GUI and let's look at the dashboard. So one thing I'll point out, if you go to system information you can usually see the version down here and by default when we do deploy from source with the charms we're doing a shallow Git clone, it's a lot faster and because of that your version ends up being 0.0.0. But if you were doing full Git clones it'd take a lot longer but it would be saying 2015.2.0, which is liberty, right? So for the moment of truth, let's see if, there, see that? So, yeah, that's pretty cool, right? I mean it's not DevStack, it's a real multi-node scalable architecture, you know? If I go back to the juju GUI I just wanna see if, how Keystone's looking. Oh, there it is. Okay, so, yeah, we're still installing three units. But they install pretty quick. They're exact clones of the unit that was right there.  It's like if you need more Nova Compute just scale them out and you got more compute power. So that's really all that I have, I think. If anybody has any more questions, please feel free to ask. I think we have a few more minutes, probably about eight more minutes if we wanna use that time. Yeah, yeah. So if you want to run Chef or Puppet config in a deployed Nova Compute or whatever to do something, yeah, it works together. Yeah. Yeah, I mean, yeah, you'd get it into those units and run that config, yeah. So they kinda, there's similarities, right? But they can compliment each other, yeah. It does in a way. We add these things, it's kinda, you'd have to, at this point, at the state it's in, you'd have to log in, you can do a juju SSH into a unit. The git repositories are stored in slash mount slash open stack git and then the git repositories are there and so is the Python virtual environment. So all your bins and whatever in there. And so these terms all have support for what's called actions. What you would have to do for that, you'd have to re-git clone the repository at this point into that directory and then run a juju action which reinstalls everything on that node and it'll just pick up that new git repository. Yeah, and that's also, that's kinda something that Charms do too is like in that scenario, it reinstalls everything, restarts all your services.  But it does all that for you automatically when you change, when you do that. Yeah, it's a good question. I think that's something that we could take back and maybe make an even better solution for. Can you define your control planes? Yeah, yeah. Any other questions? Well, thank you. If you have any questions, that's my contact info. Questions are best answered on our juju list or you can find us in IRC in juju. My name's Corey C.B., my nickname. So thank you.


Hi everybody, welcome to Notch 8 on Train Masters TV, a brand new series in which we're going to notch out your modeling to the max. We're going to show you great techniques for improving your diesels, improving your freight cars, you name it, it's going to be right here. Our first guest on the show is Ephraim Ellenbogen and you may not know the name but you definitely have seen his work. He was featured in the January 2015 RMC. Ephraim, welcome to the show. Great to have you here. Thanks for having me in the studio. What are we going to do today? Well we're going to start working on an old love of mine. This is something I built back in probably my college days, so 10 plus years ago and I want to bring it up to the level of detail I'm able to do in my models now without destroying the original character of it because I, you know, I have a lot of emotional attachment to it so I don't want to strip it. Yeah, exactly. So what we're going to do is we're going to cover upgrading the chassis, we're going to put an overland chassis on there. We're going to upgrade the fans so that they're see-through and you can see the blades. It's a very prominent feature on a model train. We're also going to upgrade the handrails. We're going to go from old atherin stanchions and steel wire to smoky valley stanchions and brass wire. And then last but not least, we're going to show you how to weather it just to tie it all back into the original effect. Nice. Now we're going to be doing this over the course of several segments so you'll be able to watch and see how this locomotive evolves from what it is now to what it can be.


2ndozo the vaccine is not yet 9 months you will still have that good ring with you and the vaccination, good ring on your etras application. Remember the gold ring on your etras application it only shows vaccination that good ring it is only for vaccination but remember a new future was also introduced on what we call a new feature was also introduced on the etras app that is for the recovered status which is the new feature that was introduced for especially especially if you might have contracted kovid or kovid 19 in the last nine months and recovered you'll have that future displayed on your etras app in what we call the right corner of your mobile or the light corner of your mobile what does it mean that if you recovered from kovid in the last month and you have that recovered future on your mobile you are eligible to enjoy the same privilege like any other person who is fully vaccinated we talk about the vaccination we talk about the privileges privileges to access the access all the facilities and privileges for what you call the trouble restrictions that are being put in place everywhere and there at a given period of time but remember in this time we are looking at a scenario whereby your gold your gold your gold frame has disappeared after you getting your booster dose you cannot have it anymore that means you're not vaccinated because you need that up to show that you have it on these are five important steps for you to follow to see that you can retry or you can have that gold ring back on your mobile etras application etras after you getting that dose one first of all delete the vpn installed remember most of us or some of you or some people outside may have what you call a vpn app so first delete of the vpn app that is number one number two clean what you call the catch data or clean what you call the catch these are corrupted files these are unwanted files that may be kept within data on your mobile clean them up and once you clean them up that means you'll create more space for the app that is most very important number three you can restart your data you can restart your device sorry you can restart your revise reboot you can reboot or turn it off then turn it on it will rerun the system again and remember step number four delete the etras app and then reinstall it again for that one that the etras is not working is not functioning you've tried so many times the fourth step is delete the etras app and then reinstall that app again then number five is ensure that the latest version of the etras app is installed on ensure that the latest version of the etras that is installed on your mobile once you fall all those five steps the problem of my etras not working after getting the food status the gold frame must disappear it will be completely dealt with thank you so much for coming back to this channel don't forget to subscribe support gives up a thumbs up share comment alore is be more than and more than happy to get back to you remember it's mixed from the next creation thing thank you so much for coming back to this channel and thank you so much for subscribing and supporting this channel see you again in the next video


Come and spend one week on the streets without begging, without robbing, without stealing and trying to live without doing them three things and see if you've got food in your stomach because I guarantee you, you will be hungry, and that's it, you will be hungry man. Since 2010 there has been a 165% increase in rough sleeping, there has been a 75% increase in those in temporary accommodation and an 80% increase in child homelessness. The perfect storm of changes to housing benefit, universal credit, the hostile environment and the spiralling cost of housing has led to a growth in homelessness and with a general election just around the corner I wanted to find out how some of the most vulnerable people in our society view politicians. They just walk past me, even though I was screaming out for their help, they just weren't obliged to help me, they didn't see the fact why should they help me. People just don't care no more, they really don't, all they care about is money, don't care about people. What could have been done to help you out more? Being seen, parliament giving a damn caring about us rather than just creeping us under the carpet walking past us and not showing any signs of help. So we are in Westminster Station right here, we are on council public land, just in there is owned by the Palace of Westminster and this is where people are having to spend their nights sleep out in the cold because a group of rough sleepers who used to sleep in there for, I mean I knew people who were sleeping there a decade ago, they were all evicted a couple of months ago by the Palace of Westminster just so this tunnel could lie empty at night and people could continue to sleep in the cold temperatures outside. People were out sleeping in parks, I mean I had friends down here and over the next few days people were getting robbed, people were in unfamiliar surroundings and just forcing people out, you're also forcing them further away from help. Here is where mongos, here is where the charities and the council can come and offer people support, once they are forced out they are sleeping in nooks and crannies around Westminster out in the cold, they are further away from support, far more vulnerable, far more likely to die frankly and we are getting to December, the idea that this grate is still here keeping this tunnel empty and warm and secure but not usable for people is just absurd. Universal credit has made so many of my friends homeless because it takes weeks and weeks and weeks and weeks and weeks to get your money gone through and by the time it's gone through your landlord's kicked you out because you've not paid him so it's not working. You were in the forces, you served in submarines, you're a highly skilled worker but also this is a country which prides itself on the way in which it celebrates the military. Do you feel you've been looked after? Nah, I feel like I've been let down because you sign up, you serve and then when you leave they say there's all this help there, help for the heroes, veterans aid, there's that and the other and they don't help you, they really don't, they've got all this millions of pounds in the bank from the charities and fundraisers that they get and you don't see up any of it. If there was one thing that you could get the next government to do to improve your life and the life of people who are in a similar situation to you, what would it be? I would say every empty property in this country is do it up and make it cheap living for the homeless.


Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States and the Vice President of the United States. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you. Oh, please. I'm late enough already. I apologize and I thank you for waiting. And just it was momentous affairs of state that make me late. As a matter of fact, they start making me late every day at about 9.20. From then on I'm behind schedule. Well, welcome and I should say welcome back because I know we've met before and this is a wonderful relationship that we have and I bless you and thank you for all that you do. We started out almost three years ago to change some things and take a different path and I think it's beginning to pay off the recent drop in unemployment and these followed others to the point that there are 4 million people, more people working now than we're working a year ago. The fact that real earnings are up 8.9% for this last year. We know about and you know about the inflation rate and all those other things. There are some people that are still trying to tell us that we should return to the practices of the past and that reminds me of my sports announcing days. A young rookie walked the first seven men that he'd faced, rookie pitcher, and Casey Stengel pulled him and the kid came storming into the dugout and says, how do you like that? I had no hitter going and he pulls me. Now I don't think we're that way. I think those people that want us to go the other way are that way. They're the rookies in this particular thing. You know they've said sometimes that if you steal from one person, that's plagiarism. If you steal from ten, that's research. And I'm trying to remember what the one is if you steal from a hundred. Oh, that's scholarship. Well, I've never really aspired to be a scholar but I'll steal from anyone that's got some ideas that'll help us keep on with what we're doing here. Now I'm not going to go on talking more about the things that we've done. You know the efforts that we've made to return authority and autonomy back to other levels of government and get them out of the federal bureaucracy here. And just the other day we had a management meeting and a report from some of our inspector generals and our management personnel. Things that we've done with regard to regulations with regard to federal publications. And it was pretty wonderful. We have cut the thousands of federal publications in half. That's a savings of probably more than a billion pages a year. And I realize there'll be great distress throughout the country. A lot of people are going to get along without such publications and booklets as how to buy eggs. A few things like that. But we figured that in these hard times we could eliminate those and have. But I know we're here for a dialogue instead of a monologue. So now that I'm backed up with some fellas I can refer to if you ask too tough a question why don't we get to the dialogue? Yes. As the national chairman of this organization we'd like to express to you our deep appreciation for the post-cooperation your administration has maintained with those of us in recognition that there is some folks out there in state government who might know something that would be helpful now on that. May I ask you, Mr. President, those of us who are have been encouraging further new federalism and return of the power to the states. One of those incentives was to return more of the power of education back to the states. And certainly your excellence in education campaign has been a new breath of life on the scene. When can we look forward to not having a federal department of education and more power? Well, I'm safe in saying this when we have a secretary of education himself who wants to eliminate the department. The plain simple truth is we haven't been able to get our leaders in the Congress on our own side as well as our opponents to get them to eliminate that or the other department, the Department of Energy, both of which we set out to do away with. They created those departments and we just have not been able to get them to move and it requires legislation in order to do that. Both departments, I think, have wherever they could administratively brought themselves down to those functions that could be justified as being federal. But that is still our goal and so far we just haven't been able to make it. I'm glad you said that and said the things that you said about us and education because last night I was watching on the C-SPAN channel and they had a representative of the National Education Association and she was talking about some of the problems and so forth and stressing the need, the great need that it was all a phony as far as we were concerned because unless we came up with a lot more money and so forth and took more interest in this at the federal level well federal aid to education as many of you know has never been more than 8% of the total cost of education. But the trouble was in the past the government, the federal government has tried to take about 40% of the control and management for its 8% of contribution I can't believe that increasing 8% by a fraction is going to make that much difference fortunately on the same channel they later had some educators that said that money wasn't the problem well one fellow was talking about the ratio of teachers to students but that ratio happens to have been that we've about cut in half the ratio of students per teacher in this country over recent years and we still have some of our problems so there must be other directions to look but I've been very excited since our commission came in with what just from the report of the commission what has begun to happen all over the country schools that have turned around school districts states themselves that have changed their curriculum their requirements for graduation and so forth it's been very inspiring and I think it proves just what you've indicated if you get control back there where it belongs at the state and the local levels and less outside interference but then I've always suspected that the national education institution over there has in fact they have voiced at times among themselves their goal they dream of a federal school system they don't like it the way it is they want a national school system well I think little Willie's mother should be able to go see the principal and not have to write to her congressman Mr. President John Rockler, New Jersey had the privilege to second your nomination at the convention looking forward to it again I won't answer that you have an assessment at this time on the block grant program as you view it it's been successful yes you could probably answer that better than I can I believe it has the fact that with the block grant program we get rid of a lot of the strings and the red tape attached to it and give you more leeway out at the state and the local level in using those funds I would like to see it expanded to where that's the way it was I think that over the years the federal government not only usurped a lot of the functions but it usurped then the revenues and left local and state government kind of strapped as to where they could turn for their revenues so they had to turn to the federal government for grants it would be a lot better if one day we could turn back the sources of revenue and turn back with it the responsibility for these things that properly belong at the state and local level for management and we're going to keep on trying to do that Mr. President, I'm Frank Nessus from West Palm Beach, Florida I bring you greetings by the way for the new year from Gladdy Prescott a longtime friend of mine in Europe also I represent a large agricultural area Mr. President and the Caribbean Basin initiative hasn't been duper scared out of us but we're holding hands with you in Washington to come along but we're also a little bit scared now of the quarantine 37 although it's not as broad an issue as some of the others it's vital to the agriculture interests of Florida and I'd just like like you to think more about that quarantine 37 as far as legitimate and many of all those agricultural parks come into the United States particularly in Florida why isn't Jack Block here I think you're asking me for one where I don't have some technical answers there but I know that with the Caribbean initiative we intend to run that in a way that is not going to be allowed to be detrimental to us so and did you? Yes I'm Representative Martha Clymouth of the Maryland General Assembly Mr. President we have two more states to come in to call Congress to have a federally balanced budget I would like to know what your administration's position is for the initiative of the states to do that we would welcome that yes we've just been having a meeting earlier in the day on that very subject we have to have that 43 states have it 43 states have line item veto and I'm going to be making a lot of noise in this coming year about the necessity for line item veto we're not going to get control of the budget until we do now we want to get control of the deficits but we don't want to accept some of the recommendations today that under the guise of reducing the deficits would undercut and turn around the economic recovery that we presently have in my view deficits are caused because the federal government is taking too big a percentage out of the private sector and to take more money out of the private sector in order to allow government to stay that same size is not the answer to the deficit the answer to the deficit is to reduce the federal government's share that it is taking from that private sector there's a lot of room in which we can do that and if those other two states would come along and pass that there are a lot of us up here on the platform be very happy Mr. President my name is Larry Dixon I'm from the Alabama Senate I think most of the people in the room realize that one of the reasons your programs have been so successful is because you've been able to take the offense in a Republican controlled the coming elections will see that balance of power or that control possibly slip away if we're not successful in re-electing some of those Republican senators do you as an individual or does the White House have plans to help those senators be re-elected so you can continue to take the offense instead of being put on the defense with a democratic control yes we do because we couldn't have achieved anything that we've achieved in this line of recovery had we not had control of that one house that has meant all the difference and if you could figure out a way for us to get control of both houses you realize that since one of the last 50 years there had been only four years in which a president there was a Republican majority in both houses of the Congress four out of 50 and then there's been an additional three in which we've had this one house but the other 43 years have been the other party running it and last night when I heard Mr. Mondale call the deficit my deficit I do not find any place in the Constitution that authorizes the president of the United States to spend a dime it is all dictated by Congress and the deficits today would be 40 billion dollars less if we had gotten all the spending cuts we've asked for from Congress yes ma'am you Mr. President Judy Patty from the Arkansas House of Representatives and your 76th Arkansas state campaign chairman the what I am hearing from the heartland and the sunbelt is when your administration said there is a limit to how much abuse the United States will take from the United Nations there was a great cry of approval that went out from Main Street if not necessarily from the rest of the country and I just wanted you to know that we approve of that and would like to see some more of it and congratulate you on taking some harsh stands well thank you very much we've you might be interested to know that early on and long before this latest move that we've made we talked about doing that when we first came here because we were aware of the shortcomings of that particular program UNESCO and then decided that no now that we were here maybe it would be more fitting for us to try and make some changes in that and now we've had to confess we haven't been able to make the changes and so we're taking a walk but Gene Kirkpatrick God bless her one once early on in the campaign and she and I had had some talks about what to do there and suddenly on the in the General Assembly they took us on again and some countries hit us over the head and Gene just wrote 27 letters to the representatives of 27 countries supposedly friendly to us and somewhat dependent on us and suggested that what they were doing was not exactly right and she had 27 visitors over the next few days that dropped in to see her and to talk things over she's done quite a job yes thank you Mr. President Senator Roger Keats from Illinois I want to throw out an idea as an example you're pushing with the new federalism and the balanced budget problems sometimes it's hard to tell who in congress who's helping you and who's not is there any way in the world which might be aiming at league a little bit but you can get back to those of us who control the precinct and send you this congressman exactly who's really helping you and who's not because if 50 states can balance the budgets we find it hard to believe this congress can't and if we knew who were your real opposition sometimes we could do a real well we could have a friendly talk at home there ought to be a way for you to get that to us and I just wanted to throw the idea out to you thank you I think it's a good idea yes because it's I think one of the things is most people go about their business as you know doing their daily tasks and they're not like us in Washington reading the Washington Post every day they don't keep track of what government's doing so it's very easy for some individuals to go home and speak to the local rotary club and talk about what they're doing and they can go back to Washington with no one checking to find out that what they said they were doing doesn't match what they're doing when it comes time to raise their hands so that's a good idea I was just told can I take one more? then I'm done Mr. President I'm Bill McPhee from Tennessee where we will tomorrow begin consideration of a lot of your education proposals my question sir is to you being associated with the health care industry as I am and private life some of your thoughts on and your administration in the coming year of helping control or keep down or slow down the cost of health care I didn't hear all of that the cost of health care your plan sir any thoughts you might have that I don't think we can stop the rise but maybe slow it down a little bit in the future this there's no question about this problem and maybe you might be interested in where and how some of this came about from 1952 to 1978 1952 in medical care in hospitals in the United States there was 8400s of one person employee for every patient today there are more than three employees for every patient in the hospital which has to be one of the contributing factors to this I have to believe also that government had a part in this once upon a time it was standard medical practice that a doctor he knew he only had one quality of service this patient can't pay as much they'll only give him half service so as we all know the doctor sat you down and you went in for an operation or something and discussed with you your own financial situation and his fee was fixed according to your ability to pay and some paid a lot more but that same doctor also had some people in the books who never were charged a dime and it was a case of this person paying more knew that it was in this way that the doctor could treat those other patients that couldn't afford that when government entered the whole field as we have you could understand where a doctor said well ok this is my fee if the government's going to pay it and so that other system disappeared and a fee was set at the same time without using sharing without having the individual patient have to pay some percentage of that there was no limit to over-utilization and obviously there were people that if they were in a hospital you know for most of us when you're in that hospital and you know what the room rate is the first thing you think about in this first question you ask a doctor is when can I go home to these people it was a lot easier to stay there and be waited on and frankly I don't mean that in critical of the doctors it was also easier for the doctor to have them there instead of having to make house calls and he wasn't going to force them to go home and I think that all of this has led to medical cost being several times higher than the rate of inflation over the last decade or so times as fast as all other prices and I think some of that government can play a part and these are discussions that we're having now of things we're going to recommend in the government programs some of them more co-payment and obviously recognizing that there are some people so destitute that no you can't force that on them but where you can getting this even as a way to help restrict I know that some years ago when Britons totally socialized medicine got out of hand that Britain put in a very modest charge that the patient had to pay for going to the doctor and it was a 25% reduction in the utilization of socialized medicine just with that little modest co-payment that they had to make so it we know it is one of the big problems as a matter of fact today and we're dealing with and trying to talk about Medicare because Medicare is in the same situation that until our bipartisan commission got together on Social Security in the same nearing bankruptcy that Social Security was and it has to be something has to be done just for the sake of preserving the program so that it will be there when people need it well I'm sorry that I can't take the rest of the hands and have to go back across the street but again thank you very much for all you're doing and thank you for coming here


Call over his second, 111c, number 13, Logan Clark. And while we... Son of Tom, he is the daughter of Richard Fye and Dorothy and Tennis, Safe and X. Baseball manager for three years and student council of FNLA, Chase, NHS, Yearbook and Yellow Ribbon. The company is dominating the radio game on birth rights to ask if she would like to get underclassmen as even if you have to write random numbers always turn in your mouth homework. He doesn't really check. Or you send the selfie. If you know, you know. If you would buy a Jeep, pay after college debt, don't want to trip to Greece with your friends and invest anything that is left. Carly plans on attending Fort Haines University, dual majoring in accounting and finance and make... Dustin and Jennifer Montpower. His favorite high school memory is going to save wrestling when some advice he has for underclassmen is to turn in your homework. His favorite quote is, what I rather be feared or loved. That's easy. Both. I want people to be afraid of how much they love me. Made in cross-country, wrestling, baseball and FULA for four years, choir and epiphyte for three years, fitness club for two years, and student council for one year. His plans throughout her high school are to attend Lossborough University, the major in green farms. She is the daughter of Bob and Chris Fry. She has participated in PAIS, Scholarship and Newspaper for four years, cheerleading student council and school plan for three years, cross-country and forensics for two years, and track FCCLA, FCA and band for one year. Inla's favorite quote is, it was said at the end of Woodstock, it's been a delight to you. We wish anything the person next to you wishes for you. Good wishes, good day and have a good life. Chipmunk. Her favorite Disney character is Mulan. Inla plans on attending Kansas State University to major in psychology. He and candidate is Alex Moran. He is the son of Jeremy and Catherine Moran.  They will simply drag you down to their level and be your experience. Some advice you would like to give underclassmen is to take easy classes. It ain't worth it. He has participated in cross-country, wrestling and track for three years, student council for two years and football for one year. She is the daughter of Darren and Karen Majette. She has participated in volleyball, cheerleading, softball and as a favorite for four years, basketball and case for three years, FCCLA, fitness club and yellow ribbon for two years and student council, FBLI and fans for one year. What's most about WHS is sports and all of her friends, who she's grown close with over the past few years. Her favorite aspect of memory was when she was a junior and they had volleyball tournament in Omega in the Lexus Hawkins side, they named straight, Macy Fault and herself for the single bathroom in the law firm that was more like a hallway. We started begging on the door yelling help, making a joke that we were stuck in the bathroom and couldn't get out. The first thing Orange Shutter did was start banging on the door and trying to get it open, finally saying, guys, we have to get them out. Basically about to knock down the door. Jordan plans on continuing her academic and softball career at Barton Community College and majoring in speech language pathology. Our final king candidate is I.G. Stephen Edward Weir, son of Josh April Weir. His favorite quote is, common sense is like deodorant. The people who need it the most don't need it. His favorite high school memory is freshman year of cross country. What he will miss most about being at WHS is seeing his friends every day at school. He has participated in cross country and trapped for four years. Ever favorite three years and been his club with an FDA late for two years. Isaac's plans for ever high school is to become a liner. Harley Five. The junior and 16th had a wrestling career as well. It's at 10 a.m. Monday, January, the junior high school basketball at Sook and Lake at 5.00 and 12. High school basketball at Sook and Lake. More professional basketball at WHS also will play that evening.


The Headwaters Art Club has spent the past few months creating a variety of different art pieces and this week they finally got to show them off. Reporter Cheryl Moore introduces us to the young artists for this week's In Focus. Headwaters Music and Arts in Bemidji has made it their mission to not only help adults in creative fields but to also give tools to the next generation. Our art club was established thanks to some funding from the Roundup program through Beltrami Electric last spring. The Headwaters Art Club is open to anyone between the ages of 9 and 13. It provides a safe and supportive space to make high-quality art. The young artists also get to meet other crafty kids just like them. The friends and pottery. Seeing my friends and also pottery. We get to work with clay and paint and we also have worked with paper mache. They worked with different artists and learned art theory, hands-on art, so it's not just crafts and not just being busy. This was the art club's last session, so they celebrated with pizza and ice cream. They also got to show off their pieces to their family. Most of the kids will tell you that a lot of thought went into their work. We were doing watercolor and then doing the ink over it, which I think was kind of cool. Paper bag tree and I made a tiny puff ball kitty in it. The hider, I'm pretty sure it was that because you can like hide in bushes and it'll look like well you're just part of the bush. From a Paris perspective, some say that as a whole Headwaters has given their kid a nice place to reach their artistic potential. Headwaters gives you I guess that center point, you know, that place that you can go to express yourself, to learn, to grow, and exchange thoughts and ideas and philosophy with people. And a lot of these young artists will tell you they're just grateful to have the opportunity to learn from some of the best. They are super nice and they help you through if you have questions and I really like Headwaters. Reporting in Bemidji with this week's In Focus, Cheryl Moore, Lakeland News. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.