Hello, everyone. Thanks for sticking around at Slush. Excited to be here and talk to you about space. When many people think about space, they think of the Hubble telescope, or they think of traveling at warp speed through the Alpha Quadrant of the Milky Way galaxy. But I'm here today on this stage because space is projected to be a multi-trillion-dollar industry very soon. And so people are starting to think about quite different things when we talk about space. So today I just want to talk about kind of the past decade where the industry has kind of been and where we're going, what the future looks like for space, and introduce some of my colleagues who are going to be talking to you about what they're working on as well. So the world has been using space for the past almost 70 years for things like national security, science, and research and development, and a few commercial applications like Dish TV and satellite radio. And this has been the state of things. Satellites have looked like this. They're gigantic. They've cost a couple billion dollars. Space has just been fundamentally very hard, a hard place to take advantage of across industries. And it really wasn't utilized unless you were a nation state or a Fortune 500 company with hundreds of billions of dollars to burn through. And space has been hard for three main reasons. The first is launch. It's very expensive. It's been coming down. You'll hear more about that after me. The cost has been coming down, but it still is a very hard problem to solve. Electronics to send into orbit have been very costly and bulky. And the third main reason space is hard is there are some critical systems that you need to put on board a satellite like power systems and propulsion that have just been very challenging to use if you are maybe budget constrained or not on the cutting edge of technology. And so we've carried on using space like this, spending multi-billions of dollars to launch satellites and have been launching in the past about 30 of these big satellites per year. Now satellites are starting to look more like this. As you heard Will Marshall's talk yesterday, his company Planet has hundreds of satellites a little bit larger than this one on orbit. But we've been working really hard in the industry to solve these challenges. So some are solved. We're on the way to solving others. And now we're launching hundreds of satellites per year as a species across the globe. The number of launches per year is actually almost following Moore's law. So I mentioned 30 satellites per year until about 20 years ago. And that number has been increasing and imminently, we're projected to start launching tens of thousand satellites per year. So this is not the first time people have tried to launch smaller satellites to save on the cost. This is kind of the third time really. The first time small satellites were launched, actually the very first satellite Sputnik was technically a small satellite. So in 1957 Sputnik weighed I think 84 kilograms. That's technically a small satellite. And then they got much bigger the size of a school bus. And then in the 90s, if you have an MBA, you might have studied some of these cases in business school. Some companies raised a ton of money to try to use small satellites to provide internet and cell service to people across the globe. And they failed pretty spectacularly. And so this, the past decade or so represents the third time space agencies and commercial companies are trying to launch small satellites. And I think it's very different this time. It's going to stick. Obviously I believe that I work in the industry. But it's kind of the perfect storm of factors that we have working in our favor this time. So there's actually demand for the services that satellites provide. People care about the internet now and want to be connected to it. Because of improved algorithms and computing power, we can actually process and make sense of a lot of the data that satellites are able to beam down. So images of the Earth and various other signals. 20 years ago, a lot of that data would have just sat there and we wouldn't really have known how to infer useful conclusions from it. Moore's law has meant that now you can pack very tiny capable electronics into these small form factors. So satellites this size or the size of a shoebox can have very capable cameras and radios and computers. And that wasn't the case. Everybody knows Moore's law. It's been getting better and better. We can fit more useful things into satellites of this size today than ever before. And then the other kind of perfect storm factor is these billionaire cowboys that wanted to start launching rockets into space. What they actually ended up doing was creating competition for some of the bigger governments and defense contractors that were maybe a little bit sluggish and not very efficient in how they spent their money. So when these private companies came in and introduced this competition, costs started coming down because they had to and venture capital was kind of quick to follow that. So the result of this perfect storm as I called it is that the bar to access space has been lowered tremendously. So you don't have to be a nation state or a Fortune 500 company willing to spend hundreds of billions of dollars. You can be a hobbyist in your garage or a high school student and you can launch a satellite. It's the democratization of space and it's doing some quite magical things for the world. Perhaps like less crappy internet on flights is one application or tracking crop yields. Banks can look at new housing developments to price futures and of course there are also a lot of more kind of world positive changes happening as well because of satellites. Using satellite imagery we can better predict and respond to natural disasters. I have my favorite example that I mentioned yesterday so apologies if you heard that already but a mobile breast cancer clinic would perform exams and then they would up they would put the results on USB drives and then every 90 days they would take those and drop them off at a doctor's office for a doctor to analyze the results and 90 days is a long time for some of these folks and more recently they signed a contract with a satellite provider and they upload the results of the exams in real time and doctors have access to them and patients get the care they need in a much more timely manner. And perhaps the biggest impact that we'll see and that I'm excited about is satellites providing internet and connecting everyone on the globe to it and to one another to things like micro financing platforms to doctors to schools. I'm just very excited for that day. I think it's going to totally change the world and the economy as we know it today. But of course like everything in life this is all not without its challenges. So I'll talk about a few of those and then my colleagues that will be on after me are working to address some of these as well. So one is space debris. So many of these satellites are being launched to low earth orbit which is anything below about 2000 kilometers above the surface of the earth and actually in that belt there's already a significant amount of debris that exists there. Man-made pieces of material. And so when you're launching to that orbit you actually have to be conscious of that. These pieces of metal might be very tiny but they're traveling at about the speed of a bullet and so they can seriously impact a satellite. Satellites that explode at the end of their lifetime can create tens of thousands of pieces of debris. So this is something people are working actively to address and it's kind of a big issue in the industry right now. I mentioned that launch has been very hard. It's hard largely because of the low volumes. If you're trying to stand up a manufacturing line to build six rockets per year that's not very effective and it's going to be very expensive. So in order to bring those costs down we need many more launches. In order to have many more launches we need the cost to come down and we've been a little stuck in this circular problem for a while and Jim who's on after me will talk about some more of that. Clouds, if you've looked outside today and imagined trying to take a picture of the earth, perhaps of Finland from a satellite all you would see is a big white cloud. It's quite lovely outside though my first time seeing snow this season so that's wonderful. So a way around this, something that Raphael, one of my other space colleagues will be talking about is called synthetic aperture radar. So instead of using traditional optical imaging they use radio frequency to essentially create a kind of composite image of the earth and see through clouds. And one last challenge that's near and dear to my heart is propulsion. So today broadly speaking small satellites are launched into orbit and are left without a means to maneuver themselves. They can't transfer orbits, they can't dodge this debris that I mentioned, they can't get themselves into the right orbital slot. And so that's what my team works on. So we founded Axion Systems to solve this problem and we spun out of MIT and we're developing this engine that uses electrical energy to produce thrust and the engines are small but they're also modular and scalable. So back home in Boston half of my team of engineers is working on the product. So we have three propulsion systems that we're delivering early next year that will fly on missions and the other half of the team is working on improving the performance so that not only can we address this small satellite kind of revolution that's happening but we can go beyond that and start transporting humans to Mars and other space stations and performing interplanetary missions as well. So the outlook for space is quite exciting. This is a very, there's a lot of action going on right now, very exciting time in the industry and it's fueled by more money and new technologies and so I'll touch on just a few of those and one is machine learning or AI, neural networks, lots of buzzwords there and the same way that machine learning is transforming other industries it's helping us in the space industry as well to make sense like I mentioned of some of this data that we're collecting about the planet allowing us to make educated guesses about maybe how many cars are parked in a Walmart parking lot, how does that translate into shopping for different seasons and so on. So machine learning, I think we're just seeing the tip of that iceberg, it will be a very exciting technology coming into space as well. Venture capital, I think it's a fantastic time to be a startup in the space, in the US at least in the past year the amount of money invested in the industry went up significantly, the amount of deals went down so money is being kind of consolidated in some of the later growth stages but I think maybe here and in other places we're a little bit earlier so there is a bit more seed funding to be had. Another trend I'm watching is freight transport so when you're shipping packages time basically equals money and if you can send a package via rocket that can translate into something like 120,000% a decrease in cost and if that number doesn't make your eyes light up, I don't know what would but for me and my company what really gets me excited is to be on the stage having a conversation about one day taking people to Mars with the technology we're developing and other planets and to be having this discussion about maybe receiving a package from Amazon that reached me by rocket so I'm very excited, there's never really been a time like this before in history for us, very fortunate and with that I'll turn it over to some of my colleagues so thank you.


Hey, this is Brett, and this 2018 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Short Box Laramie Sport is stock number 14041Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, you're new and used heavy duty truck and Ram headquarters this 2018 Ram 2500 has the 6.7L Cummins diesel engine. It's paired up with the 6-speed 68 RFE automatic transmission. This truck has been fully safety to and inspected by our service shop. Has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off. Heard the state of Wisconsin inspection process and is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video inside underneath, start it up and take a look under the hood to give you the most accurate representation that I can of the truck. Granite crystal metallic is the color. I shoot all my videos in 4K. If you like the video, you can subscribe to the YouTube channel, which is youtube.com slash Summit Auto. Click the bell notifications to get updates on the videos I do each and every day as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube. This one comes with the 20 inch painted alloy wheels and it has General Grabber AT tires. These are LT28560R20s. I would say they have right around half the tread left on them. You do get the Bilstein shocks. You basically get the 4x4 off-road package when you get the sport package. Front fenders in excellent condition. Projector lamp headlamps, LED running lights, and factory fog lights. You get the painted front and rear bumper with the sport package as well. No major dents or dings or scuffs on there. And it does have the front bumper parking sensors. You get the color matched grille. That looks really good. The hood is in really nice shape as well. This is a clean title history, clean car fax out of California and Oregon. Passenger side front fender is in excellent shape. And the passenger side front wheel, no major scuffs or scrapes on there. Granite crystal. One of my favorite ram colors. It's got a lot of metal flake in it. Bunch of purples and silver and gray of course. Really a nice color. As you go down this side of this 2018 Ram 2500, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. I take these HD videos so if you're far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at so that when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesmen know that you saw the video. It was helpful and that Brett sent you back wheels in nice shape and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires, maybe even a tad bit more. Frame and underbody is in nice shape, very little to no corrosion. You get those Bilstein shocks back here as well. Has all the remaining factory exhaust. The frame is in nice shape, a little dusty but nothing bad. And lower rockers and cab corners are in great shape as well. You get the fender flares with that sport, actually with the Laramie package you get the fender flares. Coming around to the back, the rear bumper is just as nice as the front bumper, no dents or dings and that does have the backup parking sensors, full towing package which includes a receiver hitch, four pin and seven pin wiring and that tailgate is in excellent condition as well. Didn't see any major dents or dings on there. Comes with a very nice spray and bed liner, has some sort of a fifth wheel prep package on it, seven pin wiring back here and you get LED bed lights and the button to turn those on. Spray and bed liner goes onto the tailgate which is very nice, that thing shuts perfectly and solidly and as we go down the driver's side just as clean as that passenger's side I didn't see any major dents or dings on the box and for full disclosure this back wheel is very nice shape, got a couple little stuff on it but nothing too bad. Down the rest is side of the truck, doors and cab all look really good, does have the heated fold up tow mirrors built in directional signals, they fold up like so and in like that.  I'll show you the VIN sticker here, no Canadian trucks here there is your tire and loading information sticker, inside the Laramie package gives you the black leather seats you get the 40-20-40 split bench seating in the front, now the sport package normally you'd get the Laramie embossed in the backrest but when you get the sport package you just get the solid leather there so that's kind of interesting thing with the sport package, no rips or tears on the seats, memory driver seat, factory floor mats in the front, auto headlamps, power windows, locks and mirrors you get the leather bolster on there with the wood grain trim and these mirrors do power fold in I always like showing both sides so that you know that both sides work properly. Hop inside check out the miles, the radio and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior, you get the Laramie animation at the beginning there, 7-inch LCD display, you get the digital speedometer, compass, outside temp, trailer break gain, range to empty, you can change all those corners to read whatever you want, instrument cluster is nice and clean, comes with the heated leather wrap steering wheel cruise controls on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left and audio controls on the back, there is your shifter for that 6-speed 68 RFE automatic transmission, this is the 8.4 4C radio, you get the all your apps right there, AM, FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities, you also have your heated and cooled seat buttons as well as your heated steering wheel and you can check out your backup camera right here and then you have all your different apps so what's kind of nice about this one is it has the projection manager, you can project yourself home to the screen via Android Auto or Apple CarPlay so while this one doesn't have the factory navigation system, project your phone up there with ways or Google Maps and it's like you have Navra in the screen, we actually did a demo on an 8.4 with Android Auto if you want to check that out to see how that Nav system works, that's in the upper right hand part of the screen, that demo, you also get the Alpine premium sound system with the Laramie package, turned-out four-wheel drive, push-button start, factory brake controller, heated and cooled seat buttons down here as well as heated steering wheel controls and then stability control, tow hall mode, factory exhaust brake and you can turn your front and rear parking sensors off and on, keyless entry with remote start, 115-volt, 150-watt plug-in, dual glove boxes, passenger side floor mat and seat are in excellent condition, once again smells very clean inside this truck, headliner is in nice shape, map lights, power slide and rear window control and your home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems, assist and SOS buttons in the mirror. I'm gonna start it up here and we will take a look under the hood. Starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality, condition, options and of course, cleanliness of this truck all the way around inside and out, all the lights are working nicely. Under the hood we have the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel engine and Jimbe's very clean runs, very smooth, once again this truck has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off, it is 100% ready to go. There is the emissions sticker and I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint, I'd be comfortable shipping this one to California, Texas, New York, Florida, back to Oregon, wherever it came from whoever's gonna get this truck is gonna be really happy with the quality and condition on it and to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 550 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, wranglers, halftones, three-quarter tons, one tons, you name it we got it over the website right there summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle all at summitauto.com. If you want to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Click the bell notifications to get updates on the videos I do each and every day as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle and heavy-duty truck walk-arounds on YouTube. In fact in a second you'll see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel the upper left a link to all the Ram 2500 truck videos I've done in the upper right a link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in lower right. Click those check us out we're super excited to help you with this ultra clean 2018 Ram 2500 crew cab short box Laramie Sport and Granite Crystal Metallic. Thanks again for checking out the video remember to like subscribe and share on the YouTube channel I really appreciate it thanks again