Today, we are very pleased to welcome Professor Stephen Dijkus who is a professor emeritus at Vermont Law School where he's been on the faculty for 44 years. He is the author or co-author of more than a dozen books, including National Defense in the Environment and author of many articles on environmental and national security issues. He was chair of the Environmental Law Section of the Association of American Law Schools and founding chair of the AALS Section on National Security Law. He was also the founding co-editor-in-chief of the Journal of National Security Law and Policy. His latest book, co-edited with Eugene Fidel at Yale and published last year, is called COVID-19 The Legal Challenges. In 2001, Professor Dijkus wrote an article for the Vermont Law Review entitled Nuclear War Still the Gravest Threat to the Environment. Now 20 years later, that is also the title of his talk. Please join me in welcoming Professor Stephen Dijkus. Well good afternoon. I'm sorry that I can't see you face to face or that we can't be meeting outside on this beautiful day, but I will do the best we can. I always like to begin my classes with a poem and I'll do that today. It's just a very short poem by Robert Frost. It's called It Bids Pretty Fair and it's set as a dramatic production. It goes like this. The play seems out for an almost infinite run. Don't mind a little thing like the actor's fighting. The only thing I worry about is the sun. We'll be all right if nothing goes wrong with the lighting and Robert Frost published several poems about nuclear war in 1947 along with this one. So he couldn't possibly have known anything about nuclear winter, yet that's exactly what this poem portends. Nuclear winter, some of you know, involves the explosion of a nuclear weapon at or near ground level. And depending on where it is, a lofting black carbon particles into the atmosphere where they would circulate and block sunlight around the world for years. The result would be again, depending on how many explosions and where the result could be drought and famine that might kill a billion people, that's billion with a B. In addition, again, depending on where the explosion took place, there would be immediate deaths from blasts, from fire, from ionizing radiation, deaths in my amount to millions. There would be longer lasting morbidity from radioactive fallout, longer still illnesses from cancer, genetic mutations. In the meantime, when the explosion occurred, almost every unprotected electrical device in the area and all the electric power grids would go down because of something called an electromagnetic pulse. You can imagine what the result of that would be. In 1996, in an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice, the World Court, the court said this, quote, the destructive power of nuclear weapons cannot be contained in either space or time. They have the potential to destroy all civilization and the entire ecosystem of the planet, end quote. So we should be asking ourselves why we're still facing this threat 75 years after Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Well, we imagine that with the end of the Cold War, nuclear war would never happen, could never happen. That was wrong. It's also, it's just too hard to think about this. It's too frightening. It's certainly not polite dinner table conversation or, for that matter, lunchtime conversation. But here we are. All the, everything about nuclear war is extremely complex, hard to understand. And as a result, we've adopted, many of us have adopted a sense of resignation. Nuclear weapons cannot be uninvented. Everybody's got them. You just sort of have to hope for the best. Many in the government and in the military still think that we can deter a nuclear war by having faster, more destructive weapons than our potential enemies. And our allies in Meitou and the Far East depend on our promise. This is US policy. Depend on our promise to use nuclear weapons if they are attacked by Russian or Chinese conventional forces. And last, but not least, defense contractors spend millions, millions lobbying to build new nuclear weapons. There are other grave environmental threats, of course, prominent among them, a new coronavirus pandemic. We hope that we'll learn from our current experience. Climate change and overpopulation are both existential threats. We're busy now building renewable energy sources and engaging in family planning to try to avoid the worst effects of these. We're also working on adaptation. But nuclear war is different. It's what some call a black swan event. That is something that's unlikely to happen. But if it does, the consequences will be enormous. The only way to eliminate this threat is to eliminate the weapons themselves. And as you know, no adaptation is possible. So right now, there are about 14,000 nuclear weapons worldwide. Of these, about 3,600 nuclear warheads are deployed right now on ICBMs, submarines, aircraft, artillery. And half of these, about 1,800, are on high alert status. That is, they're ready for immediate use. What we now know is that the detonation of only a handful of these, maybe six or eight, could precipitate a nuclear winter and kill a billion people. Maybe many more. How are we responding to this as a nation? We're engaged, along with the Russians, in a program of what we're calling modernization. That is, we're building new ICBMs, new land-based missiles, new submarine-based weapons. In the process, we're slated to build, we're planning to spend about 1.2 trillion dollars, 1.2 trillion dollars on these new weapons over the next 30 years. Well, you might ask, how likely is a nuclear war? The answer is, it certainly can happen, and almost has on a number of occasions. The best possibility is by accident or mistake. There have been many, many near misses. US nuclear forces were placed on high alert a few years back when NORAD misread its radar and saw the moon rising over Norway as an incoming nuclear attack. Other alerts have been prompted by a bear climbing a fence in Minnesota, a number of times by computer operators misreading training programs as signaling actual attacks, and you remember just a couple of years ago, the entire state of Hawaii was alerted to an incoming nuclear attack for about 20 minutes. Again, the result of misreading a training program. Well, that's not the only risk. In 1974, when Richard Nixon was facing impeachment, he was drunk much of the time, and the Secretary of Defense and Secretary of State instructed the chain of command that they should only respond to orders from the president if they came through the two of them, the two secretaries. Last year in 2020, you remember that Donald Trump underwent treatment for COVID-19. He was treated for several days with a drug called dexamethasone, which makes some patients paranoid and delusional and creates feelings of euphoria and invulnerability. Just imagine the possibilities. The bottom line here is that we've been extremely lucky so far, but we don't know how long our luck is going to hold. Something that a nuclear war could be limited. Bear in mind that one of the immediate effects of any nuclear attack will be loss of communications because of electromagnetic pulse. That'll make it difficult or nearly impossible for the president to know what's going on. Key aspect of our deterrence policy is that we're ready to launch on warning. That is, whenever we have information about an incoming attack, the idea is that we need to be able to use it or lose it. That is, if we don't launch our nuclear weapons before the enemy weapons arrive to destroy them, then we won't be able to retaliate.  Part of our modernization policy is to create new so-called tactical nuclear weapons. Farmer Secretary Mattis said repeatedly, however, that there's no such thing as a tactical nuclear weapon. They're all strategic. That's because the effects of their use would be to likely to escalate into a general nuclear war and the strategic implications are therefore obvious. Something that a missile defense program might protect us. Well, so far, the success of U.S. testing of its missile defense program, now 30 years old, the success rate of our tests is only about 50 percent. All of those tests have been conducted under tightly controlled conditions, unrealistic because they didn't involve the use by an enemy of avoidance tactics. Incidentally, the ballistic missile defense program of the United States has provoked a new arms race, as it predictably would China, for example, which long relied on a minimum deterrent strategic force of about 20 odd weapons has now grown that number to more than 200. Just what you do if you need to overcome a first strike from an enemy like the United States. So in light of all this, in light of the profound threat to the human environment from a U.S. nuclear weapon, you might ask whether the Defense Department or DOE has ever prepared an environmental impact statement as required by NEPA. The answer is, apparently not. Even if an EIS like this were classified, we need to know that it's been done. It might, after all, influence U.S. strategic planning. That's the point of NEPA, after all. In 1996, the International Court of Justice issued an advisory opinion on the legality of nuclear weapons. It noted that there are two treaties, two 1997 treaties, Protocol I to the Geneva Accords and the Environmental Modification Treaty. Both of these prohibit the use of weapons or methods of warfare that might be expected to cause, and I'm quoting here, widespread long-term and severe impacts to the environment. That, of course, is precisely what nuclear weapons would do. But the court found that the each state's sovereign right of self-defense trumps any environmental concerns and the application of these two treaties. Nevertheless, nevertheless, the court said, ironically, in any sort of war, the law of armed conflict always applies. In that law, the law of war requires that any use of force be necessary. That is, that it be critical to the accomplishment of a legitimate military objective. That is, that there be no reasonable alternative. Next, the law of war requires distinction in the use of force. That is, that any attack distinguished between military targets and non-combatant civilian targets, something that nuclear weapons, of course, can never do. And the law of war requires proportionality in the use of force. That is, you can't use a hammer to kill a mosquito. All states exercising their inherent right of self-defense, the court said, must comply with these principles. But of course, they couldn't. The court recognized this in a way. It said that it could not, that the use of nuclear weapons would generally be, I'm quoting again, generally be contrary to the rules of international law applicable in armed conflict. But then it went on to say that although every state must comply with these rules, it could not say, the court said, it could not say that the use of a nuke would be illegal if a state found in what he called an extreme circumstance of self-defense, in which it's very survival would be at stake. That state wanted to use a nuclear weapon in an extreme circumstance of self-defense in which it's very survival would be at stake. In other words, in other words, it might be okay for a weak state that believes rightly or wrongly that if faces an existential threat, it might be okay for that state to launch a nuclear weapon to stop an enemy invasion with even with conventional forces. We need to be thinking here about states like North Korea, Pakistan, Iran. Incidentally, the United States claims that it could and would use nuclear weapons to stop an invasion of its NATO allies by conventional Russian forces. At the end of its decision in 1996, the World Court urged all states to engage in complete nuclear disarmament, as those states promised to do in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. In 2017, the United Nations put out its treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons. Under that treaty, each non-nuclear state promises never to develop, test, produce, or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons, and current nuclear states would promise to get rid of theirs. All this would take place with very intrusive inspection programs. The United States, like the other nuclear states, has refused to sign this treaty. It insists that the elimination of all nuclear weapons is unrealistic. This is our words unrealistic and unverifiable, ignoring the fact, for example, that the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention includes an exquisitely detailed and highly effective inspection regime. The United States says deterrence will continue to keep the peace. Well, we might hope so. The treaty, incidentally, is now in force ratified by more than 50 non-nuclear states, but not by yet by any nuclear ones. In January of this year, the Federation of Americans sign has moved the hands of its doomsday clock to just 100 seconds, a minute and 40 seconds before midnight, midnight marking nuclear apocalypse. That's the closest it's been in 75 years. So what to do about all this? Well, one thing is to learn more about this threat. A good place to start is a marvelous book published last year by Fred Kaplan called The Vom, President's Generals in the Secret History of Nuclear War. Here's that book. You might also want to subscribe to the free website of the Federation of American Sinus. This is a reliable source of information about a nuclear war. And as a lawyer, as a public citizen, help educate the public, your neighbors, about the nature and the gravity of this threat. Let them know about the false promises of U.S. deterrence policy and ballistic missile defense. Let them know about the role of defense contractors in perpetuating our reliance on these weapons. Tell them about the expense and explain to them that there are alternatives, the most important being elimination of these weapons. We're best equipped to do this as lawyers, to expose the facts, to interpret them for the public, to work for changes in policy, to help elect officials who are committed to eliminating this threat. If we fail to eliminate nuclear weapons and we allow this gravest environmental threat to continue, then we may need to follow the instructions on that 1960s era duck and cover poster. You know the one I'm talking about.  So thanks very much for listening to this dreadful talk, lunchtime talk on such a beautiful day. I'd be glad I answered any questions. Thank you, Professor Dicus. Indeed, not the most uplifting talk, but we've sort of become accustomed to such things in the past year and a half, I'd say. Okay, so for our listeners, we have a few minutes to ask some questions. And as a reminder, if you're watching on our website live stream, click on the icon at the bottom of the video, and that will bring up the chat box where you can add questions. Or if you're watching on our Facebook live stream, add your question to the comment box below, and we'll try to get through as many questions as possible. First question is, and you gave a couple of suggestions toward the end of your talk about ways that people could become more informed about these topics, but you know, the nature of national security is that it's cloaked in secrecy. And it can be a very difficult topic for the public to get information about, you know, many public interest requests have exceptions for national security. And the public is often left to kind of read between the lines in terms of presidential meetings, like the recent one with Putin and Russia. And what are ways that the public can track and interpret that what's going on in terms of these signals internationally? Well, secrecy has always been an issue, especially in this area. It's always been hard to find out exactly what's going on. During the Trump administration, for example, the government stopped its policy of publishing information about our inventories of nuclear weapons. But you know, it's also been really difficult over many years to get relevant facts about what's going on with the environment more generally. So it's, we've had to work hard to find out about pollution, about planning for various environmentally destructive activities that might be permitted by the government or there might be a might go on without the government's permission. Regarding nuclear weapons, however, there is a huge body of information that is public, that is accessible on sites like the Arms Control Association. These mostly try to play it straight, although they, like me, are interested in eliminating nuclear weapons because of the threat they pose. So the bottom line here is that a little bit of digging will yield a lot of information and make it clear, I think, to everybody how great this threat is and how it might be abated. Thank you. We recently saw the effect that hackers can have on the distribution of energy through the hacking of the gas pipeline recently where the utility had to pay off the hackers in order to continue the distribution of energy. How are governments protecting against hacking into nuclear weapons, but also is there a concern over hacking into nuclear plants for energy? Well, what a great question and a scary one. I hope that nuclear power plants and I hope especially that the nuclear weapons chain of command is more secure than the colonial pipeline and more secure than the office of management and budget and a number of other government offices that have been hacked in the last year. The fact is that cyber intrusions are a really, really very serious threat. We know, for example, we know this. The FBI has told us that Russia has implanted malware in the control systems of our electric grids and that, at least until recently, all that stood between us and a nationwide blackout was a political decision to pull a trigger. So it's not hard to imagine, in line of the hacking we know about recently, that the same kind of peril awaits in the control of the nuclear weapons chain of command. All the more reason to work toward the elimination of a threat like this that could be set off without our intent or corrupted somehow by our enemies. That's deeply disturbing. So what similarities or differences have you found in terms of the policies or politics around biological warfare as compared to nuclear warfare? What have been some of the findings of your work, your research regarding COVID-19? Well, in 1925, all the nations of the world agreed in the Hague conventions that they would outlaw the use of biological weapons that in the wake of World War I. And I think that agreement grew out of an appreciation of both the horror of the use of weapons like that, also the potential that they held for getting out of control that is for the use of contagious pathogens that might trigger a pandemic like the one we're wearing currently. And also the fact that however effective these weapons might be in defeating an enemy that there were alternatives that made their use unnecessary or at least optional. So all that together I think convinced us to agree as we did later on in a specific convention dealing with biological weapons to agree that they shouldn't be used again and wouldn't. Whether and to what extent nations continued to prepare for the use of such weapons, we don't know. That's a discussion for another day. But nuclear weapons seem somehow to be different although all the same questions might be asked about them. We seem to be locked in to a competition with our potential enemies now that the nuclear genie is out of the bottle now that a lot of states have nuclear weapons now that the technology is widely available. And for other reasons that I suggested earlier not least the average of nuclear weapons defense contractors who make billions in profits off these weapons. We seem to have gotten locked in, baked in to a posture where we just don't know quite how to get rid of these weapons safely. Thinking about the 2017 United Nations Treaty on the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons, it's not hard to imagine an agreement among the nuclear states that would have each of them reduce their inventories of nuclear weapons stepwise over a period of time with very intrusive inspections to make sure that everybody is playing by the same rules. That would eventually lead us to the elimination of all weapons or at least to get us down to a level where there'd be so few that they wouldn't threaten all of humankind. But we just haven't been able to do that yet. We haven't been able to break the old habit of asserting U.S. superiority and reorganizing our strategy to find other ways to defend ourselves. Thank you. A question from the audience regarding your anecdote about President Nixon's inebriated state prior to stepping down and to the perils presented by our most recent president, wondering whether Congress has authority to require some kind of system like that in Nixon's case. What are the constitutional implications? Well, it's a good question. First of all, the irrigation of authority by the two secretaries in the Nixon case was obviously unconstitutional. They weren't given that authority either by Congress or by the president. It's only because the context in which all that occurred that they might have actually succeeded in stopping a crazy order from Nixon to set off a nuclear war. The Constitution in the 25th Amendment provides a mechanism for a president who is impaired somehow as Trump may have been last year to hand off the responsibilities to the president, to the vice president. In this case, Trump refused to pass the nuclear football off to Mike Pence. Whether Congress could require a handoff like that is, I think, unclear, given the ambiguity of Article II, which addresses the president's powers as commander-in-chief. And even if Congress undertook to do that, which I doubt it will, the questions about criteria for the handoff, that is, when and under what circumstances the president might be forced to surrender the nuclear football, would be imagining such criteria is daunting. So I don't see any of that happening, frankly. And once again, I think the ultimate protection against a rogue president or an incompetent or inebriated or ill president who might do something crazy and irreversible is to get rid of the tools that might allow him to do that for her. Thank you. Has the US signed on to any accord such as those you described that recognize the destruction of nuclear weapons on the environment? The United States is a, excuse me, is a party to the Environmental Modification Treaty of 1977. It is not a party to the protocol of one of the 1977 of the Geneva Conventions, although it has accepted the part of that protocol, that treaty that I mentioned as reflecting customary international law. Nevertheless, the United States has been clear that it regards nuclear weapons as not covered by those provisions. Okay, thank you. Well, we are just about out of time, so I think we'll end right there and wrap up today's talk. Thank you again, Professor Dijkus, for your really interesting presentation, and thank you to our viewers for joining us today. Our next Hot Topics talk will be right here on June 22 at noon Eastern Time, and we hope you can join us then. Thanks, everyone.


Alright so hello and welcome to another episode of the vlog it's okay my name is Kwame and over here we learn to be better versions of ourselves and that's what this channel is all about it's documenting my new freelance journey and filmmaking photography and becoming an all in all best person for myself and for the people around me. A couple of days ago I released a video which asked the question can we all make it big on YouTube and I talked about some other things that I've learned so far since beginning my YouTube channel in January not beginning my YouTube channel in January I think I started actively posting videos as vlogs like this in January. Now before I started posting videos I was binge watching a lot of YouTube videos and all the tips and the tricks and the gadgets to buy and everything all the alternatives the cheaper versions I binge watch a lot of them how to even talk to the camera and all of that I watched almost every video that would have made it comfortable for me to start a YouTube channel myself but the only thing was the relatability in terms of the environment in which all these people that were teaching all these great stuff were from I'm from Ghana and I didn't find at the time any Ghanaian YouTuber who was teaching anybody who wanted to start a YouTube channel how to go about it so this is a beginner's guide to starting a YouTube channel and I think it will be great for Ghanaian content creators who want to start or have their own YouTube channel to maybe see this and fix some of the issues that may occur with them wanting to start a YouTube channel so when I posted the previous video a couple of days ago can we all make it big on YouTube I think this one should have come before that one because that one was a bit more technical on the side of gaining followers and gaining views and all these things so before you start let's just backtrack before you start a YouTube channel what do you need to know I think the first thing you need to know is that YouTube thrives on contents so the first thing you need to know is to decide what kind of content you want to put out on YouTube now there's tons and tons and tons of content and it's okay if you are doing a content which already exists actually it's actually good if you are doing a content which already exists like you want to start a makeup or lifestyle vlog nobody can do makeup like you and nobody can teach people how to do makeup like you so that already in itself makes your channel unique so you have to find ways to put out your content that makes it different from the other content so decide on exactly what you want to do that is very important and how you want your channel to look like so there are a few things for example on your profile that you need to note whereby you need to have a good profile picture and a good header these are the two things or two basic things that people see when they come to your channel that is about the most basic of your customization of your channel now the next thing you need to know is that your content needs to have a certain look personal to you and it has to be consistent so when you are posting videos there are your titles and there are your thumbnails I'm talking about content even before I come to the gadgets you might need and your thumbnails so there's this level of consistency with your thumbnails that people can quickly track back to you or they know that this are how your thumbnails these are how your thumbnails look like so you have your profile picture you have your header your thumbnails and your titles and how your channel looks like I think it's really important to pay attention to these things when you are starting so that you have a consistency with how you're delivering now one thing that is most asked about how to start a youtube channel is the kind of gadgets you might need now to record yourself you need a camera that is basic you need some kind of sound to make whatever you're talking about audible enough to the people who are listening there are some tips and tricks to how to on how to get the best out of your camera how to get the best out of your sound those are detailed tutorials which are not going to be in this particular video but there are three major things you need how to record which is your camera your sound and you need light as well now one hack I'm going to give you right now on this video is recording with whatever you have not whatever you have let's just stay a smartphone if you have a smartphone the most basic of basic there has a camera use your smartphone for starters the one trick is to maybe use a window or natural light in your house open up the window and record facing it check out this example of what I did this morning before I even started recording this yeah so this is me recording in front of a window it's early morning so there's daylight and you can see that it's pretty clear now the trick is to record with your back camera not the selfie camera because the back camera is way more quality than the selfie camera or the front camera which the front camera will almost have you looking some type of way because you're trying to see whether you focus or you are in the frame it will make you look away from the camera so if you use a back camera you can stare into the back camera and just record at the moment there's a lot of construction going on so the noise is terrible using Filmic Pro which is a paid app but I think there are cheaper alternatives we can make you record very clean videos with good quality sound as well because they can allow you to use the back microphone the back microphone your phone has a back microphone yes unless you're not using an advanced phone to that degree but this is what you can get with just an open window you facing the window not with your back turned to it if your back is turned to which you're going to just be a black silhouette so with you facing the window you can get something like this so you don't necessarily have to go and buy all the gadgets in the world to start you just need to get a cheap tripod make sure you have a clamp that can hold your phone put it in front of the window just stand and talk to it all right so you can see it's a very simple way you need to make sure that you have a stable way or stable way of holding your phone record from the back camera and you have to try and try and try to you get your composition perfectly right it's something you need to do the practice is important so for me I fell in the trap of getting a lot of gadgets and I tend to like to buy gadgets a lot now because I'm constantly watching other gadgets and reviewing new ones that are coming out and all these things it's it's it's a downward spiral you don't want to go into it's good enough that you have the basics which is a phone tripod that you can record with and good enough or good quality sound to start it's it's what you want to say that's more important since the personality is more important than the gadgets people have beautiful gadgets the expensive gadgets but yeah it doesn't automatically equate to the fact that they have more viewers or more subscribers or more money on youtube so the gadgets are important but always research on budget alternatives it's it's going to save you a lot budget alternatives that's going to save you a lot and it's not even easy even getting it into Ghana in the first place so don't worry ahead about the fact that you need to buy everything if you want to buy the basic of basics affordable things there are some websites in Ghana or shops online shops in Ghana which i'm going to link below that sell some of these things that you can buy to start I think with filming if you have a great or good enough camera good enough lens I think the light and the sound are the two things that are a bit tricky but you almost always want to have soft light that is why opening a window and having a natural light come in hit you is soft that that is soft enough light in the daytime not harsh light at noon but when it's coming through a window I think it's perfect so daytime or daylight is good enough but if you're not using daylight or you're using another light make sure you have diffusion diffusion is having a translucent fabric put in front of the light to diffuse it enough so that it's soft otherwise it's going to be harsh and hitting your face and it's not going to make your videos look more flattering so with gadgets like I said don't worry ahead about buying any and everything before you start I use a Canon ATD doesn't even shoot 4k so if you've heard about 4k you think 4k video looks the absolute best it's not really really really the reason why you should start recording or not record your youtube videos because you don't have a 4k camera I don't use a 4k camera but I put stuff out there and I know channels that have huge numbers that use very basic cameras so there are other tricks to getting views which I mentioned some of them in my previous video you can check out than concentrating so much on the look of your videos with the gadgets so basic gadgets you need you need good sound which some phones can give you really good sound like the iPhone 11 if you don't have that any other phone you can record with there are softwares that make you or that make it easy or that make it possible for you to actually use their back microphone the back microphone on your phone which is a filmic pro gives you that alternative to use a back microphone filmic pro is not a free app you can buy filmic pro and use it there's also the moment app that you can use and these things might improve the quality of the sound you want the microphone to be as close to you as possible otherwise if you're recording in a room that is huge is going to sound very hollow these are some of the tricks you need to know but I would say that I'll leave most of them to you to also research I may not be saying the correct thing don't take everything I say but do research compared to what I was saying if it's right for you then go ahead and use it so I think with content you need to know what content you want to record and put on YouTube you need to be consistent with your content in terms of putting it out once every week twice every week depending on how you can do it and then the gadgets you need to know that the basics are important or good enough to start a YouTube channel these are the two major things that I would say for a beginner this is not it's not anything extraordinary I think the most work comes in when you have to be consistent you have to learn how to talk to the camera and be confident enough to engage people for a long time and also remember that if you're starting a YouTube channel with the aim of making money then that's your main aim the reason why you're starting a YouTube channel because you've heard that a lot of people make money it's true a lot of people make a lot of money people are full-time YouTubers and they live off their YouTube it's very possible it's very doable but if you do backtrack or if you look into it you find that these people have been doing it for years or at least a year and the kind of content they do may not exactly be exact the same thing you can or will do so know where you fall within be consistent be creative be creative in your ways of delivering rather than picking the topic to make money fast because you think that that's where you run out of ideas to keep up you're not the same as the other person so I can't believe this so my lights went out and I gotta stop recording I was using or I'm using the SLW 60 and that one requires that you plug it in the wall and my lights just went out so what I'm gonna do is I'm going to switch lights and continue recording or finish up this particular video all right so we're gonna pause for now you can't even see me my god yeah so this is what I meant by relatability I'm recording and all of a sudden ECG decides to take the light lights that is not supposed to go off ECG will disgrace you but anyway yeah so this is what I mean by knowing what kind of content you want to do and let me put this around just wiping my face with it knowing what kind of content you want to do and the gadgets you need to get to start it's more important than your personality shows it's more important that you're consistent than buying everything that you might not need immediately to begin the youtube channel there is a monetization aspect which I'm sure I'll probably do another video to go through the things I have learned with some settings you need to do back and forth but for today I think this is a beginner video which tackles two areas which is the content and the setup these are the two major things you need to know as for the other parts of youtube you grow into it and you discover more this is the end of the video I had to switch my lights and this is not very flattering I said like it but it's doing the job and I get to finish the video so yeah my name is Kwame you can check out some of the videos that are on the channel I really do yeah it's recording I need to check everything before I finish it and realize that I didn't do jack shit yeah check other videos on the channel and I'll catch you again in the next episode wow ECG would really disgrace you adios man peace peace peace peace good show


I've been going through a big old deal with university, you know, before you go to uni and I don't think a lot of autistic individuals that would even want to, you know, that want to consider uni don't actually know what benefits that they could get from going to university. And that really aggravates me.  Yeah, no. And when you've got to search out and ask people and when you're around so at the start of the year, but just before I started doing it, we you get assessed, you know, for your needs. And I mean, the assessment was so hard for me. I can't do talking to people about, you know, I can't be speaking to people that I don't really know. You know, when you know something's official for me, when you know that that thing's really important, it puts the pressure on me even more and just makes the whole thing even more of an overwhelming.


So welcome to this week's charting analysis webinar. My name's Jasper Lawler, market analyst here at CNC Markets. I'm going to first take you through the risk warning on the screen here. Any questions at any time, please just send them through the chat or Q&A box. Open to discussing any topic. And indeed any market needs a chart formation. I'll certainly have opinion at least. So certainly feel free to get involved. Nonetheless, I'll be travelling through the major products that our clients tend to focus on. So that's some of the major indices, commodities and effects pairs. And just some of the main drivers for what's going on this week. So the big event as you probably all know this week is given that it's the first week of the month. It's the non-farm payrolls on Friday. It's the most important non-farm payrolls since the last one. I know I'm being a little bit sarcastic, but we are supposedly approaching a time when the Federal Reserve in the US is looking to raise interest rates. And so this is the major data point on the US economic calendar. So of course we're going to focus on it. But there are some other interesting events going on this week. For those trading the British pound at some degree, the UK 100. We've got the Bank of England setting rates on what's deemed Super Thursday. It's super because not only do they set the rates, they also release the minutes at the same time, which they've been doing at every meeting now. And on this event they also release their growth in inflation forecasts. So if I quickly skim through some of the other things to look out for this week. Today we had a lot of PMI manufacturing data. The general theme has been and partly explains why European markets are higher today. I know it's like just edging it, is that there was a general improvement in Europe and a massive improvement in UK manufacturing according to the final numbers for October. So that was surprising because obviously we're all focusing on the slowdown in China. The Chinese numbers were slightly improved, not fantastic. There's the official one. There's a couple of private ones mixed together. It was all a bit sort of unchanged, which probably better than sharp declines. So actually those are kind of global slowdown fears that have been driving part of the reason for the slide that we saw in August. They're coming off the table a bit. So another reason to suggest that this recent rally in equities has been justified and we'll look at some of these major indices that have been doing that. We've got the RBA rate decision sort of early hours tomorrow. We've got Draghi speaking tomorrow in Frankfurt. We've got some more PMIs on Wednesday and of course the ISM non-manufacturing is on Wednesday. Worth mentioning that we've still got the ISM manufacturing for today. Yellen speaking on Wednesday, but not expected to be too much in regard to monetary policy. We've got the BOE rate decision on Thursday and then on Friday we've obviously got the non-farm payroll support. So the general consensus is 180,000 jobs created on the NFP. So broad-colour way to approach this if you are trading the event is just either you have some opinions to whether 180 is over or undervalued. I would suggest that's a risky approach. These economists often get it pretty wrong. So to some extent maybe if you are placing a trade before the event, you're just making a judgment on how wrong the economists' estimates are rather than doing the trickier job that the economists have of actually pinpointing exactly how many jobs are created. So to some extent your job's a little bit easier there or you can certainly approach a waiting for the number to come out. Judge how much variance there is between the actual number and the consensus forecast number and make a trade based on that. You have to be quick to capture initial momentum. Sometimes it gaps away. The other approach is to judge how far the market moves and judge whether that was justified based on the change between the actual and forecast number and actually fade the initial move back maybe back towards where the market started before the news release. So with all that data in mind, let's compare to expertise. It's worth mentioning that for the UK100 or the FTSE100 rather, it was the best month since 2013 last month. So it was a good one and you can see right from the beginning of October we rallied up. People kind of sideways stalled a little bit towards the end. The FTSE100 underperformed some of the European and US indices towards the end of the month. Nonetheless, the first part of the month carried it into being one of the best months in a while. At the moment, you can see in the chart form here that I've just said that it's below this little rising trend line. There's only two connecting points on there. It's not the strongest level but something to bear in mind. There's sort of a bearish bias towards perhaps the bottom of this sideways range that we've been in which you can see has pretty much been between the 50% fib of this declines in April and the 38.2. That's kind of where the range has been. Obviously we had a false breakout above, we've had a false break below but that's kind of what's securing it. So if we do get a dip into this zone, it's been tested one to arguably three times before but nonetheless quite strong support here. And I would say this is the kind of pivotal level here. If we do drop below this, I would say about 6,260, given that we've had some RSI bearish divergence here. We've failed at the 50 several times. I've dropped through there. To my mind, it takes us back down to 5,900. It would be the next major support. Worth calling out quickly just to bear in mind where we generally are. We had a sharp decline there from April through August and we're just in kind of catch-up mode that you can see we've not made up. That's what the 50% means is that we've only made up half the ground of the declines. So even though it was a strong month last month, still got a fair bit to do. So in terms of the quick summary for everyone trading the UK 100, we're trapped in a range. So the choice is buying the bottom range, selling it at the top of the range or waiting for a breakout on one of those two. But I think because we have been consolidating for a while, of course you can get false breaks. But talking about the genuine break that happens, I think could carry us quite strongly. Potentially some resistance above from that former trend line and 61.8% retracement on a higher breakout plus that 200 days. So several layers of resistance above, down not so much. So it's an interesting potential breakout trade here. Let's skip across to the Germany 30. Here I've zoomed down to a lower timeframe. So this is the three-out chart. Now, obviously it looks more dramatic than the daily chart we were just looking at. Nonetheless, the Germany 30 has outperformed the UK 100, at least in those last few weeks where the UK was going kind of sideways. Germany was powering forward. And I mentioned in the previous week's webinar that we have a double bottom that's been confirmed here. So the objective for that double bottom pattern would be the 100% of this height of the pattern would be up here at this 11, 750 kind of area which corresponds to this potential zone of resistance from these peaks back in August, July and June. And so this is characteristics of a characteristic of a bull flag pattern. You know, a strong kind of pole to the flag here. And then this is the kind of rough kind of flag area. We've had a big move up today and we're kind of pushing up above, you know, last week's high. And so technically a breakout take place at the moment. We've not had a close for the day above. So near some caution to be had still. But an intraday breakout of the height. To my mind, the trend in the short term is higher. So we've got a both breakout within a height, within an uptrend. But of course we're below that 200 day moving average. People are going to be a bit cautious. And we do have that low which I've highlighted on our chart from July 27th which could scupper a breakout. Nonetheless, keep in mind that that's the eventual objective. But that's not to say it can't drop even below the bottom of this flag before eventually reaching that target.  Just because you may get there. You may get to this 11750. But it's not to say it can't chop around a lot in the meantime. And false break a lot of short term bullish patterns. Here's 30, our practice for the Dow Jones. And I mentioned here in the chart form, we've got a bit of an unconvincing looking bearish and golfing pattern here. So technically the whole day of Friday engulfed the whole day of Thursday. But Thursday was a very low range day and Friday was fairly low range. So a little false break, then a bearish. So you know, that is generally quite a decent pattern. We see the false break at the high and then it closes below the previous days low. That is a nice pattern to trade. But we are in a strong uptrend and that was not a massively convincing bearish day. And I suspect we could get another little push higher, potentially break the higher. Then to be aware if we get a false break in the next few days of that peak from Friday, that could be a more conclusive bearish pattern. Because we didn't want to pull in the one peak and then we'll have gone up and do like a little mini double top. So sort of thing that you can probably see a little bit better on say the four hour chart. If we come up here again, fail here or fail just above maybe the 7900 level, 17900 then come lower. That would be something probably a bit more conclusive to suggest this trend running at a steam. But you know a few things to keep in mind here. This peak from July 31 and this declining trend line, two reasons to suggest the market could peter out here. But on the bullish side we've made it convincingly above that. You know we've peaked above the 200 day moving edge, pushed off it, correcting a little bit from this resistance here. But so far trend is up in the bias. It's got to be for a push probably into the 18000 level. Should we not get that false break at that high that I mentioned? That's equities. You know certainly feel free to let me know if there's some other indices you wanted to cover. I'll quickly show you just the NASDAQ because that's been one of the strongest. You can see that we're literally at the highs on the NASDAQ which is pretty crazy given the decline that we've seen in Apple stock when everyone's really worried about the U.S. tech sector. The tech sector's carried U.S. stocks higher again. This 4816, that would be a record high for the NASDAQ 100 which we could conceivably see this week. I believe we have Facebook earnings this week. So that would be a possible catalyst of pushing the U.S. NASDAQ 100 up into that 4800 vicinity. Assuming that Facebook puts in some good results. They have been recently. I'm not going to go into too much depth here. Double top, sorry, if it fails. Obviously that wouldn't be confirmed until a sort of breakout of one of these lows that the pattern wouldn't be completed until down here but still an early entry in would be on some sort of bearish candlestick on the weekly or daily chart and around here. Again, a bit like the Dow, a bearish and golfing candle here but that to me is probably going to be catching more people out thinking that people are going to be tempted to go in short there but this is sort of a strongly bullish market. I would be more hesitant. So it was quite a big week for central banks last week and it is again this week particularly if you're trading a pound. So let's jump into the pound. Again, it's a dollar. Now I think the thing to focus on overall is that we're in this range. We're in this 151 to 158 slash 59 range and so let that bearish all your decisions just to know that the trends are not going to, you know, trends into this low area aren't likely to last too long and say like this trend that began here, you know, saw a big sort of false break in this declining line and bias came all the way down here. It's a range of our markets because these trends are not continuing as fast as you might hope in this sort of environment where putting consistently higher highs and higher lows in or lower highs and lower lows, you know, it's a range.  Now, you know, this was, this trend here to me was a sign that we were drifting back into this low was when we finally just broke below this previous peak and weren't able to bounce and push back through the trend line again. That was probably the first time we had the false break through the trend line and then this was the confirmation once we finally broke through that peak was that that was telling us that we're not in strong bull mode. I was telling us that we're still in choppy sideways we're in mode. And so, but then we did, you know, jump down to these two candles open and close found support again corresponding with this rising RSI trend line. And so, I did have a RSI line like this false break to the top side back down in again and then so then, you know, that didn't turn out to be the greatest of lines a few false whipsaws around there. The next one is just the horizontal line through these two peaks which I think probably a few people will be noticing it's around the 65 level. So, after having being oversold twice, a push through 65 would take us out of the bearish mode to the market and push us back into sideways mode and then should we get overboard again then my bias would be turning a bit more bullish and expecting a push back to the top of the range around 158. As far as the details of the Bank of England, the sort of joke that's being thrown around at the moment is there's not going to be any fireworks from the Bank of England. It's bonfire night obviously on Thursday. The expectation is that the voting is going to remain eight to one and probably they're going to ease off on their growth and inflation forecast which would be probably on the whole a bit bearish for the pound. That would obviously be thrown off a bit should we see a change in the voting. There's a risk that it could go to seven to two. That would be if Kristen Forbes got involved. She's orientating a bit towards the hawkish side in the belief of a rate rise. But still, that would be a slight shock and could tilt us towards a breakout of these technical levels that we're talking about in the pound but otherwise I think it's probably fairly damaged as the expectation. We could just have a quick look at euro sterling for those who are interested. Similar situation really. We've got to bear in mind that we're in this horizontal range. It looked like we could be set for a breakout but once we failed here, that was the first sign of failure at the old peak and then the next sign was the break in his rising trend line and then we had a nice follow through down there and a subsequently broken these two potential levels of support as well. So pretty bearish. Default was dropped back into this area of support zone here at the bottom of this range. Let's take a look at the euro. Obviously it tanked pretty severely after the ECB meeting with the surprisingly strong hints at further easing at the December meeting. So as I mentioned in the chart forum here, 111 is pretty key because it is a confluence of potential resistance from these two lows from September. We saw a bounce off it, a break of it, a little retest, a drop down. Now we're looking at a secondary test. So if we can close above it, then actually maybe the focus of the market will be more this horizontal range in a caps down here and resistance above here more than this triangle pattern. But if we do see us, the market fall away from this vicinity, then that's a break, retest, break, another retest failure. Again, it's a pretty bearish sign and I think we could roll over, potentially break the 108 low and head down into the bottom of a range characterized by these two lows back in March and April. So watch out for a close above or below 111 in the next few days, to my mind that's going to be key. As I mentioned, Draggy speaking tomorrow could well be a catalyst. He was talking over the weekend, a bit of a step back from the very dovish ECB meeting saying that the ECB is open to more stimulus. So maybe not as affirmative as perhaps the meeting suggested that December is definitely happening. We've seen inflation tick higher since the ECB meeting. So in the next report for CPI, which will be in about a month's time, should that see inflation above zero again, then maybe there's no action from the ECB whatsoever or maybe they just sort of decide to cut the deposit rate or something, which was hinted at a bit in this meeting saying that they actually did discuss cutting the deposit rate so the interest rates are not of a lower bound as previously stated by President Draggy. And so that would, to my mind, would obviously be further easing but not be quite as exciting to the market as an expansion of QE to perhaps 80 million euros a month purchases or just extending the timeline perhaps indefinitely. Both of those would be pretty euro dovish, euro bearish. Cut to the deposit rate may be a bit of a disappointment and that could be the trigger for us getting back above 112. Dolly Yen, what can you say? We're just still in this range. Last week we failed twice to get through the 121.50 slash 122 kind of resistance area and we're still in this range trading environment and my default assumption is that we're drifting back down to 119 and possibly 118 from here and currently say much else until we're outside of this range. Love and life if you're a range trader kind of a youth of the aggressive way to play this is selling at 121 and buying at 119. We've worked a lot of times in the past few months but obviously it can't work forever. At some point we're going to get a breakout but it's not too obvious which way at this stage. One of the reasons is that last week we had the Bank of Japan there was a bit of expectation that they might actually add extra stimulus. They didn't and so now a lot of people kind of giving hope on that respect. If the BJA is not doing more, especially in the light of China and Europe doing more and particularly if the Fed holds off a rate rise in December the momentum will be judged as shifting away from the Bank of Japan easing and we could see the dollar weekend and the euro weekend and the pound weekend bounce against the yen. Now let's switch over to commodities. Gold obviously being one of the most sort of sensitive to the Federal Reserve. Now it's no surprise really we used to have this breakout when it looked after the September meeting and it just looked like a rate rise this year was completely off the table. That was shattered last week somewhat and this was Wednesday when the Fed said in their latest October meeting when they suggested through the statement that a December rate rise is still on the table. You saw gold rising in anticipation of a double statement and severely disappointed. I think it was about a sort of $40 odd, $35 maybe round trip for gold. Pretty bearish day before we've headed south in the three days since. A little bit of interim support I would suggest here from this 8th of October low but there was only one day to the left that was higher the previous day below that was actually had a lower day so not a particularly strong support to my mind. I like to see lows defined by two higher closes on either side of the low. To characterize it as a significant swing point so not the case here. Nonetheless, I haven't actually checked the FIBO level. I don't think it's as relevant given that we're in a fairly sort of sideways market that might have a bit of confluence from the, there you go, sort of looked like it at the 61.8% FIBO level got a bit of confluence from that low. Together could be the rest of people a little bit of bounce and gold here but I'm still suspecting that even if we get a little bounce maybe back to that broken potential support zone from these two peaks we eventually to my mind probably head down to the bottom of this rising channel and I think any decisive changing in gold probably is going to have to wait really for that December Fed meeting. If the non-farm payrolls on Friday is strong that's probably gold down to the bottom of the channel here perhaps even down to the 1105 low. We can an expected report but that may be the catalyst for gold to push back into the range again maybe even back above the 200 day. I didn't mention actually that with the Fed obviously we've got the headline number which is 180,000 jobs expected but almost more important than that is the wage growth. That's been flat for the last couple of months and so people are really looking for signs that the slack as they like to call it is coming out to the labour market that labour market conditions are tightening and this weak wage growth is just a sign that there's still some slack in there and it kind of raises a question over how indicative, how good of a useful indicator is the unemployment rate of 5.1%. Is that really telling us the true picture about the labour market if there's no wage growth and the participation rate i.e. how many people in the economy are all the people eligible to work? How many of those are actually attempting to get jobs? It's at multi-decade lows at the moment so those two things are sort of weighing on otherwise 5% unemployment rate should have raised rates ages ago I think probably should nonetheless but still a couple of reasons there with those other indicators suggest things are not quite as rosy as they suggest. So watch out for that average hourly earnings number even if we get a miss and 180K comes in perhaps at 170 or something if we see wage growth that overall could be taken as a bullish sign for the Fed meeting in December a hawkish sign rather. Now let's look at silver. This has certainly been tricky recently. I've been trying to trade a few RSI signals here to little avail. So what we've had is we've had just to set you back is we had some negative divergence there so that eventually worked out but they just to say we had a this trend line as it turned out worked out pretty well but if you'd sold here based on this higher high and the price higher low in the RSI and if you sold down in one of these candles you would probably have stopped out above that old high and then there was also a slightly less commonly used RSI indication where there was a lower low in RSI yet a high high in price. So as I mentioned down here that's a RSI positive reversal that worked but immediately reversed into a bearish candlestick and took us below that was sort of a rising trend line there so all sorts of chops taking place in silver definitely tricky to trade right now and right now we're into this sort of 40 zone so from having been overbought at this point we're now into the stages where this is kind of our last string of telling us we're in a bullish market before we kind of give up hope below this 40 level and that's our kind of bullish zone in RSI is above 40 after having been overbought so a bit similar to gold obviously in that we've got this support here which is stronger than the gold support which is what we're coming off at the moment is this October 8th low but my suspicion again is that we probably do break this 40 level and come and test this declining trend line slash this peak from December 25th and finally I think it was Brent that I looked at on the crude oil front just because I thought that that sort of nicely defined where we were false break below the RSI support held nicely onto the lowest point in the last few months, the 15th of September low got a little hammer off there and then a nice break out to the top side the following day so you know if you'd send that hammer off for low put a little buy stop, obviously the benefit hindsight we know it's worked but just a little reference this did work quite well there's something along these lines a little buy stop above there or even a market order when we saw that break out took us nicely up to this previous range resistance just saw to this previous peak from here on the 16th of October so we're basically back into range trading conditions we're coming off the 50 psychological level at the moment my assumption is that we probably push back through it and remain in range of unconditions fundamentals for oil are not good but they're not significantly worth than they have been in the past few months US oil inventories they're going through a kind of stage of building at the moment so more barrels of oil left over demand not quite meeting supply but it's been fairly cyclical and we'll probably, I wouldn't be surprised to see that changing in the next week or so to a few drawdowns so not much I would say to be drawn conclusions to be drawn from that in terms of which way we finally break out at this range so that's it that's the major markets covers for this week I hope that was useful keep in mind obviously we've got the FOMC this week still got ISM manufacturing later today on Monday we've got the ADP report Wednesday we've got the Bank of England Thursday so there's a lot going on so good luck with trading this week thanks a lot for your time Jasper Lawsoni out


Everybody forced here ripping a box of 2022 top-scrone baseball jumbo for Robert S. Appreciate the order Robert. Good luck You guys still about an hour for the queue for personals And again Robert once we get the once top sends out those silver packs We'll get you your pack Soon as we get him in we'll ship him all out See a J-Rot auto the first few cards are stuck here. There's a Seth beer Future stars Luis Robert's Joey Vada Ricky refractor Zach short for what Rory Cal Raleigh Nice Raleigh there Prism Yordon Alvarez a blue refractor rookie Otto Adolfo Castro 12 of 150 Fractor Bryce Harper. Yeah, let me move some over thought we put a bunch over already, but I guess they went quick Brandon Marsh pinch striped Now Walker Bueller blue refractor Carson Kelly 73 of 150 Lance Lynn refractor. There we go new classics trade Turner rookie Prism Josh Lowe a rookie base auto Spencer Strider and I strider Strider Refractor Chris Bryant. You guys think he wins rookie of the year. You think Harris takes it or someone else maybe I Haven't been paying too much attention to that lately part of the city Jay Ram got to grom refractor. I'm El Tapia. I should be good now Rory Move some over Orange wave looks like it's coming up Let's see a big rookie auto got prism a trade Turner orange wave rookie Otto Ronnie Dawson with that color match 1925 on the Ronnie Dawson Good box here good color on the autos as a rookie base refractor of wander Franco had the Strider as well It's a good box of jumbo. It's a gerand base.  That's what it seemed like was gonna happen. They always give the edge to hitters everyday players Cormac Siri New classics you're done Alvarez prism rookie Louie seal and refractor Adam Wayne, right? Pinch striped Acunia ran Marsh base auto Patrick wisdom Refractor Verlander. All right, three more packs Prism Wilson Contreras what we got here 63 of 99 Vladimir Guerrero, Jr. Jersey card Game-worn Jersey, Vladdie Tatis refractor Clement got hard of the city Raphael Devers gerand gerand 87 design purple rookie Otto Chas McCormick That's one of the cooler looking autos in the set It's been a good box man 64 to 250 refractor rookie Ernie Clement The Rams are done dude. It's over Done. Come on. There we go gold coming up. It looks what is that coming up a Vladimir Guerrero, Jr. New classics Gold right future stars. Okay. I'm not crazy 22 of 50 future stars KC mice in the gold Prism Hermon Marquez and refractor Yachty Molina Good box Good box Thanks again Robert. Excuse me. Thanks again Robert. We'll get those cards out to you shortly


So having used the majority of new Legendaries from the Avenger the Cartel's event and the new exclusive Mayhem 6 plus variants, today I bring you what in my opinion the one you should be seeking out. These are my top 5 best. Has it gone guys? My name is DPJ and today I bring you another BFB video. If you do enjoy living the like really helps me out and subscribe if you do want to see more. Okay so in total weapon wise I believe there are 15 new unuffer which come from the Avenger the Cartel's event and the Mayhem 6 plus exclusive variants, today I bring you my top 5 best. Now obviously opinions will differ this is just my opinion so instead of going crazy at me for not mentioning your favorite new legendary instead leave a comment telling me why I missed a treat with that said weapon and why you think I overlooked it. I mean there's no shame on my behalf giving a weapon a second look. Okay so again into my top 5 new best Legendaries and in at number 5 we have nothing other than the Fish Lap Grenade. Now this Fish Lap Grenade I understand for some people out there isn't really the kind of thing they've been looking for as it for the most part can't help you build out unless it's based on this grenade or something close to it that being melee damage. I say this because no matter the random prefixes that can come on this grenade its main purpose and part trick is the fact this grenade's damage is melee damage. So let's say for instance you have a shield with that roared prefix un 80% melee damage while shields are depleted while that works with this grenade. If you have a shield like this one with two times that roared prefix un well that adds damage to this grenade 180% over standard damage which you can see on screen now. You can also as I'm sure you know get additional melee damage from other sources including level 57 class mods giving you an additional 50 plus percent melee damage again that adds damage to this grenade but it doesn't end there guys because this grenade and its hits actually counts as melee damage. It also triggers perks on anything you have which we usually see a melee on an enemy is needed for instance let's say you're using this artifact right here or a variant of it the planetoid be your 75 bonus elemental damage whenever you melee an enemy elemental type changes every five seconds while this comes into play with this grenade too check this out as you can see with a random damage numbers popping off dealing over elemental damage which is pretty cool. This one right here slides build up a static charge causing your next melee attack to do 50% bonus shock damage that also change to nearby enemies but also guys melee attacks replenish ammo check this out in action or even ones like this that add a certain element to your melee attacks too these work wonders also so yeah it's why I've added it to my top five I mean this grenade without taking advantage of it like your purposes isn't anywhere near the best grenade in the game but using it to its fullest potential and you could create something we ain't seen before whether you create a grenade build around this or whether it helps out with your melee build and to be honest that's why it's here because of just how unique it is now the fish lap is a grenade exclusive to the revenge of the cartel's event and drops upon the villa ultra violet from fish lap himself which is kind of obvious but people also point it drop from tyron smallings too so you know where to get this thing people if it does appeal to you okay so we're going to move on and in at number four is a new doll smg the chaoson now the chaoson is a new exclusive smg to mayhem six and above and it drops from captain tron to panathenas and comes offering all elements it can also drop in a variety of different variants too some with bigger magazine size but less damage and vice versa and also being able to switch between any two modes of full auto semi-auto and burst fire its party trick is its projectiles stick and then later explode no matter where you hit that enemy body head doesn't matter now upon my testings of this it seriously surprised me little did i think it would be quite the months who actually is those sticky projectiles which later explode make this weapon as each one adds a hundred percent additional bonus damage over the initial shot and because there is a slight delay upon you landing those shots it feels like you are still shooting and dealing damage even when you are reloading it because those damage numbers are still popping off now smg's for the most part ain't really on that damage scale in terms of possible dps caused yes there are the odd few in the game which are up there but for the most part there are just other things on offer better than smg's for dps i mean the redistributor is great if ads are close together i mean it can't be beaten that instance the cut spends an absolute monster which we all know about but there ain't many other smg's which i can think of off the top of my head which really stand out without a crazy build behind them boosting that damage this one knows definitely up there and it's also thanks to its crazy fire rate and because it's a very accurate gun laying down that damage is easy too it's one let down though is its mag size with some more powerful variants having a reduced mag size this can be compensated elsewhere though and certain vault hunters can compensate this much better than others me playing on zane it isn't that simple and to be honest guys it's why i haven't put the sandhawk here i mean i main zane yes the sandhawk is a stupid powerful sniper but it just shreds through its ammo way too quick and i mean i know it isn't a problem for some but zane mains out there i'm sure you would agree it just isn't as efficient as other snipers in the game as we just have nowhere getting back that ammo quick enough to lay down a constant damage outputs but enough with the sandhawk it's about to kill us in here and this little great smg i feel should be recognised a little more and it's why it's at my number four spot okay so moving on and in number three we have the monarch assault rifle now the monarch is a velada assault rifle which looks a lot like the dictator it's all the brother but in my opinion it's better in almost every single way firstly this monarch is an exclusive drop and mayhem six or above two kilovolts who can be located upon electricity and it can drop up in all elements too as well as no element it comes as far as i'm aware in a four times variant and in eight times variant eight times variants though do i believe swallow two ammo per shot so this monarch like i said is a lot like the dictator having two firing modes to doubling up on the number of projectiles being shot but its second firing mode being that bipod mode much like the dictator seriously reduces your mobility because while in this mode you can't run or jump now this monarch compared to the dictator it fires its pellets in a much better and tighter way making it way more easier to lay down that damage on a single target it also comes with better variants too instead of a three times and six times with the dictator we get a four times and eight times with the monarch it's also just a way more powerful weapon and because its pellets spread is way easier to control and land that damage on that enemy it makes for a much much better weapon than the dictator and all the rules through perb assault rifle as in many instances this game thrills at you for the most part it can't be touched now upon my first test in this i went into the slaughter shaft upon mayhem 10 and i just tore through absolutely everything it's also great at mouth in bosses and taking all this into account it should really have one let down and it does and that is just the fact of how quick this thing consumes its ammo well if you can sort that problem out which isn't that hard we have a tough tier assault rifle here people when i do recommend you at least checking out and trying okay so moving on and in at number two we have the yellow cake launcher a man oh man this thing is utterly crazy so this yellow cake is a weapon that drops offering only that radiation damage and is an exclusive drop upon the villa ultraviolet and drops from fish lap and tyron smolens now upon me first getting this i had a variant that dropped offering 42k damage and that thing alone mounted through everything i shot at on mayhem 10 after making a video on it showcasing it to the world i was then contacted by a dude on my discord which guys have you been a part of already you should definitely join and check out i have a great borderlands community full of people who love trading and so much more linked in the video description if you want to join but this guy messaged me stating he had a two times variant so 42k damage times two i mean yes it does consume two ammo per shot or who cares it eats enemies for breakfast so credit to rupee collector three for this version but it got better people because i was then sent this one right here which is even more powerful dealing 44k damage times two annoyments obviously is making this thing even more brutal and credit goes to biff efc for life for this one absolutely monster of a weapon so what we have here guys is possibly the most powerful weapon in the game right now easily scone millions in damage numbers where bells ain't even added add those bills into the equation and what you have yourself is something special here this thing fires a giant oozing projector that splits into two and again splitting into a further two making four projectiles in total all capable of devastating damage so yes if you are yet to get this yellow cake do before the revenge of the cartel's event ends okay so moving on and lastly my favorite and in my opinion the best weapon to come out the revenge of the cartel's event and mayhem six plus a legendos is nothing other than the opq system now the opq system for those that don't know is basically a bigger and better version of his older brother the q system which before this was probably the best assault weapon in the game that though being an epic variant a legendary version had to be so much better and it is to be honest i kind of feel sorry for the q system now because that's going to be forgotten about and it helped me through a lot of hard times but opq system is here and well it's an utter monster and i say this because of what this thing can do we see on paper that this monster can drop on mayhem 10 at a close to 10k damage times two per shot per single and all consumed to that there let's just say 20k a shot from an assault rifle that's crazy add builds and things on top of this and well yeah but it actually doesn't end there with this weapon because it has many tricks for one it seems every second or third shot percentage wise buys a shock projectile even about 50 percent of that initial damage and nor this doesn't take away any extra ammo and yes you still get that standard shot at the same time as when shock comes into play so this assault rifle is just on another level to anything this game offers i mean the monarch is a beast let's not get that twisted but this just blows it out of water but this thing also has another quite trick and that is the fact it has a second firing mode in which you fire out a version of this weapon which follows you around and shoots at those enemies and i mean even though this is a great addition to the weapon it isn't needed the weapon would still be top of this list if this wasn't an option i will say though it's opq system mod is a lot of fun on moles as you can spawn in loads of these at the same time all you need is the sum for the road perk selected moles gains infinite ammo for a few seconds after exiting iron bear effect lasts five seconds this means if you put the opq system into the opq system mod before getting into that iron bear when you jump out you can just spam that trigger and it will spawn in tons of this weapon which is a fun addition for moles players but yeah guys the opq system is an absolute must get before this event ends get as many variants as you can with all the annoyments you think might be viable in the future because once the avenger the cartel's event does end so indeed there's your chances in getting this thing and that is that so guys those were my top five new legendaries which come from the avenger the cartel's event and the additions with mayhem six plus do what you gotta do to get any which appeal to you and i'm not no we have come to the end of the video if you guys enjoyed it leaving a like really helps add if you're new and you want to see more biolans be sure to subscribe and if you never want to miss a video upload you can turn notifications on by hitting that bell button but guys thanks as always for stopping by hopefully you enjoyed the video and hopefully i will see you on that next one


Stephen, who had been educated in a neighborhood school through the sixth grade, finds himself going into a new facility, one where he only knows a few of his fellow students. There are many interesting new people to meet, but everything is so different. He wonders what he has in common with these people other than his age and educational maturity. The big thing is that they are all kids his age, and they also are coming into this new experience with him. They will be in the same school, and will be learning from the same teaching staff. But there is ever so much more, because they almost all have families. They share a general belief system with them. They are citizens of a county, state, and nation. They are human, and came into this world from parents. They all have the same human strengths and weaknesses in various extents. They are all either boys or girls. In this local context, they probably all speak the same language. Indeed, they have much in common already. It is only the personal relationship with other seventh grade students that is missing. One of the important things that they share is the urge to be with others who are somehow like them. They seek for friends and groups of people where they can share with others. They seek to become effective adults, though the details of what an effective adult is may be quite variable. They are all human beings with everything that implies.  Stephen has done nothing to join a county, state, or nation. He has no intentional decision to make about citizenship in the nation, or becoming a member of humanity. He is, like all those in the new environment linked by association, and association is the most diffuse of all human relationships, because there is no freedom to enter into associations and little opportunity to quit being a member. Stevens can find importance in these associations, as this is how he knows a great deal about other people. They are like to him in many ways, as they are also associated with him. Most importantly, he knows that they are also seeking to know other people, to find their own friends. They are seeking groups to belong to where they will be appreciated. They will be trying to find where they fit in this new environment. They will speak the same language and have much the same ability to say what they want to say and be understood by other kids. They will have the like maturity and will react with reasonable level of predictability to various situations. For personal effectiveness, Steven should realize that being alone is a choice, and that he has an opportunity to intelligently make choices. He gets to make friends, but must pay the price of realizing that he has to be a friend to have others be his friend. He can satisfy his own social purposes in this, but only through accepting the importance of other kids finding their way as well. If he is going to be important to other children, then they are going to have to be important to him. Of course, this doesn't work with any particular person. The other person is also his or her own decision maker, and the choice to be friends only matters when they are both agreed on the value they will find in being friends. What makes friendship so effective is another very human reaction. If someone offers friendship, it is generally because they already want to be your friend. That is already finding value in being your friend, and there is nothing more attractive than someone who finds you attractive. The value of friendship is already offered, and all it takes to receive it is to agree to be a friend to the one who offers. If Steven shows any specific interest in some other student, it is an offer. Making friends with that specific person may not succeed, but the offer is made. Being alone is a choice. When Steven is very shy and keeps his opinions of others to himself, it is likely that he will be given offers of friendship by others. He has the choice of friendship by simply being a friend to those who are offering friendship to him. As we grow and mature, effectively becoming somewhat different people than our younger selves, our friendships and other relationships shift with us. The same is true, of course, for others, and friendships shrink or grow and are even replaced as we pass through our teenage years. That is also human.