There's also the Fedora layered image build system or the CentOS container pipe. And it's essentially just a good host platform. So essentially, so, and it's similar to running a process natively versus there's less overhead there. Really what it's doing is using a container image as a refile system versus, so it's essentially, the host has less response. So there's more to get into that a lot during the work. If I say it's like get for your OS system versus what was doing it, this also means that, so that's pretty good is just go to a website called develop.dustymabe. And that will essentially bring up like a dev version of my blog where I have all of the sections of the lab posted. And if you just scroll on this page, oops, sorry. Okay, everybody, we only have like eight, 10 minutes left. So if you have-


Team keep it clean. What's going on is engraving here with another video and in this video We finally got we got actually two of our biggest off-season questions answered One of them in reference to Joe Fleck or one of them in reference to Tony Jefferson But these have been two of our biggest off-season questions Definitely to a mind Especially the second one because it in regards to Tony Jefferson, but definitely with the first one as well It has been confirmed Finally, it's been confirmed and first let me introduce myself because I haven't introduced myself in a long time me I'm engraving vids. This is my YouTube channel engraving vids, and I'm a Ravens fan and on here We talk football y'all already know that make sure you subscribe turn your notifications on leave a like on the video I'm ready training campus here football season is like it's here because training campus here So football season is here. So I'm very happy. I can't wait to see y'all on Saturday, too I can't wait to see y'all on Saturday. I can't wait to meet everybody on Saturday everybody who comes through We're gonna be meeting probably around like 3 34 o'clock. We're gonna confirm that later on but Appreciate y'all coming through. I love y'all. Um, but anyway Make sure you follow on Twitter Instagram Snapchat all three of them. They all engraving vids, but anyway is Confirmed now it's been confirmed. Oh, no, no Ken Miles. I'm not famous at all. Not at all How many satan practices would it be? I don't know. I don't know, but I'm a dog We'll definitely be there on this coming Saturday. I can't wait man. I can't wait man. I can't wait I can't wait man. I can't I can't wait. I wish I could do more lives man. Are you swimming right now? You got a waterproof phone. I hope you do. What's up, Sammy? Samuel L. Jackson all the way from Louisville. What's going on, man? What's going on Gavin? What's up, George? What's up, Marvin? Everybody coming through appreciate y'all And Jody, I wish that I could if I could I would What does Los mean in the title? That means line of scrimmage. That means the line of scrimmage shout out to my guy Los too, but anyway What this video is about Flacco has been confirmed now that Flacco did indeed get with his wide receivers What's up Mark? Flacco did get with his wide receivers Last week twice twice. Oh, you watching in the pool too? Oh, congrats on the iPhone X. I'm still on the 6 plus So y'all wave y'all miles ahead of me. What's going on Anthony? Hey, no problem, Sam. No problem, man But it what's up Gavin? But yeah, they said Flacco did get together with his wide receivers in the Outside of training camp this year he got together with them They worked out they did passing drills or whatever they got together and they did it man. They did it So they did it. It's been done. I'm happy that Flacco did that.  He he did it. He said he was gonna do it and Jld say he thinks the PR moving that's it that is a lie Well, you never know but now I'm happy that he did it And it's cool. Is it too little too late? Hey, it is what it is man Like I said, like I said before if he would if he wouldn't have done it Oh, well, who cares if he would have done it. Okay, cool. Cuz the thing that I've been saying before like with Flacco I couldn't I couldn't get mad at him either way if he didn't do it Then it'd be like, okay, he didn't do it and this that ain't something that he really does like that But if he did do it, okay, cool, then he did it and let's see. Let's hope it improves Let's hope so yeah, I can't wait to see y'all either man, so I appreciate that I'm excited man But I'm can't say Flacco trying to be like Brady Breeze and Eli working with his receivers. Yeah, man I mean, it's it's a good thing man. It's easy, you know, it's too late But it's it's a good thing man.  I don't know man, but alright JB. We'll see you appreciate it man But maybe that gave him a little boost of encouragement to be like, okay, well man Yeah, I got to do this but either way he did it. So I'm glad we'll see how much it helps Hold on. I could never be no president No, it's just me it's just me but anyway With Tony Jefferson great news with him because there was some some questions from subscribers are Eric Weddo and Tony Jefferson overrated A lot of people didn't like Tony Jefferson last year. They felt like he sucked in coverage which he did But that's not his specialty and that's not why they signed him all that money man to all that money I mean, excuse me. Am I ready to see? Yeah I'm excited to see Lamar Jackson in preseason but before that we got to see him at practice on Saturday So everybody coming through on Saturday. Just stay tuned because I I must be doing we I plan on doing the thing I want to meet everybody like around 3 34 o'clock. I think they said they opened the gates at 4 o'clock so around about 3 34 o'clock, that's what I want to do with it and It's probably gonna be by the Well, we'll save all that for another video, but around 3 34 o'clock. I know the training camp things starts at 6 So I know people might not want to get there so early, but we'll see we'll see we'll see But anyway Tony Jefferson there was a lot of talk about him is he overrated does he suck? Why the Ravens sign him talk that money if he ain't do nothing for them. Yeah, I got you markets I got you but they He said that Don Martin there the new defensive coordinator is actually gonna be using him and be playing him closer to the line of scrimmage And that's where he excelled that man. That's where he excelled that that's where he did his thing yet. That's where this dude actually That's where that's why he got all the money from the Ravens because of what he did with the Cardinals, man So it's like oh man. Thank goodness Finally finally Finally they should have been did that but finally Cool Roy said be honest who gonna win the all division next year I don't know who's gonna win it next year because I don't know how the teams are next year But this year it's up in the air I think it's definitely between the Steelers and Ravens right now I got to give the edge to the Steelers for this year But I because I just don't know about these Ravens receivers yet. I don't know about the Ravens receivers yet I know about the running game the running game I trust that I trust the running game, but it's just the it's just the the receivers They don't have my trust yet. So we'll see man Marcus said Jefferson is a strong safety. He does not excel in coverage. Oh, yeah, trust me. We know that we know that better than anybody Young Lloyd said he think we split in with the Steelers. I do too. I think we I think we split with I think it's gonna flip this year. I think we split with Steelers. We split with Browns and we sweep Bengals I I think that's how it's gonna go down Steelers won't win it because too much in-house stuff going on. I don't know man Hey, yeah, looking for the mean you to Patril any spots and going to have to eat Definitely Jimmy's and if I would love to I know this probably can't happen because I know everybody got their different schedules Everybody got a different families and whatever. I would love if we could all just do one one big team keeping clean dinner Whether it be at Jimmy's whether it be somewhere else as long as nobody would dine and dash Everybody got to pay for their own food, but if we could that would be great Even if it wouldn't be at Jimmy's even if it was somewhere else, that would be great Let me on bill now. He ain't coming about tomorrow. I don't see that happening man last season for triple B's Oh, yeah, Ben Roslisberger. Let me on bail Antonio Brown Two of them bees could be gone Philip see food. Oh, that's a spot. Okay. Got to have a chicken box from Brian's kitchen Okay, I see y'all, man Appreciate the suggestions, man. Do I think Perry makes the 53? No, not really man I Hope they do try metal out of some different places though, man. Try my kick return. What's the worst that could happen? And I'm not talking about injury anything like that, but what's the worst that could happen? He he don't fit a kick return. It ain't like you're gonna use them at receiver I mean, he could be a nice deep threat if he can get in there and do some stuff But because Perry man got the size he got the speed. He I mean, we've seen him catch before but I mean it is what it is, man Hey, all right cool Fleco. No problem. Do I think Antonio Brown deserves a madden cover? Yeah, man shout out to Ben Roslisberger, too He deserves just as much of it as AB does but somebody mentioned this is gonna be the last year with the 3Bs because yeah, Ben Roslisberger could retire Levy on bail could end up being gone. And yeah, it would just be um, what's his name? It would just be what's his name? Um? Antonio Brown Uh Jld say parents was never put in a position to win. I swear. He was screwed over Yeah, stuff just didn't work out for him first with the first year him being injured That was that was tough and then the second year he started doing this thing But then after that they got a Steve Smith senior so he dropped even further down He dropped way down on a depth chart and when he stopped getting opportunities to be like in the game He start losing playing time and all that That was it from there, man. That was it. Are you about to get your RG3 Ravens jersey? Okay. What he's he's right He's he's number three, right? What is his number for Ravens? This is number three a number eight a number one No, Woodrum is number one. I think it's number three ain't it? Anything Lashley gonna get that fourth spot. Okay. We'll see man. This year was the year the duo They should have put Lamar Ingram Lamar's Ingram or Ramsey Bouye What do you mean? What are you talking about Corey? Who has the bigger year Lashley or Scott? I'm thinking Lashley, but I mean was cuz I feel like Ravens don't know how to use big receivers They don't know how to do it. Ken City like Lassie swag in his confidence. That's always a good thing We always need that man Jackson is number eight. Oh, yeah, I'm tripping. He is number three. Okay. Appreciate that I'm tripping. Yeah, Lamar Jackson is number eight. We got number one number five number eight and then number three So there it goes appreciate that man Ravens never believe in certain guys and they lose respect for the players Well, yeah, they can um If Ravens don't believe in you if they don't believe that you They can sometimes they do make some questionable decisions Sometimes they do oh on the cover you were talking about for Madden like Kamara and Ingram or Kamara Ingram or Ramsey and Bouye Okay, got it. Got it. Oh, yeah, they should have put Jalen Ramsey on the cover No, no, no, no, no, they shouldn't there because I don't want him to get hurt I don't want him to get hurt. So no something tell me Kevin White is gonna end up like Pairman That's what it's looking like. He got hurt since first year second year. He really hasn't done much at all, man So what did Joe who did Joe work out with last week? They said he worked out what the receivers with um with Snead and some other guys They said he worked out So hey, they then they confirmed it the reporters actually said he worked out two days Willie Snead said it he worked out to they worked out two days So it was so nice Flacco say, you know what I'm gonna do it twice and they worked out two days together So he was a man of his word and he made it happen There was a lot of talk. I know in the comment section with some different people We were wondering like some people. I know there was speedy-reedy. There was nitrous. There was um There's some other people too. They mentioned how With Flacco, he's not he's not very vocal with Joe. We all know that but He's not he's not very vocal So of course and he's not no social media person we all know that too So we didn't expect him to say anything about it And I told in the Ravens group chat and shout out to anybody in the Ravens group chat if you want to be an I could throw you in there but Flacco I said that Flacco probably told them like hey Flacco was gonna swing on them if you told if they told Anybody that they worked out if they put any pictures up or anything I say Flacco got some hands and then I think it was my boy JB smooth that actually put up a picture When Flacco was training with a boxer from like a couple years ago So, I mean we'll see Charles kind of said I want him working with him all summer long I mean they ain't got no choice now training camp doesn't start it.  That's it Off season is gone. That's it. It's football season now, man. And that makes me really happy That's it That's it man when you watch Ronnie Stanley play do you see him as dominant? Not dominant. He's nice though. Ronnie Stanley. He's nice. He's done. He's done pretty well for us He said it's a joke Lamar Jackson rookie of the year. No, I don't think he'll give enough opportunities to be rookie of the year It was just for him to start a lot of crazy stuff would have to happen Some stuff that we don't want some stuff that we do want but no a lot of crazy stuff would have to happen for Lamar Jackson to start. I heard Lamar work with Steve too. Oh, that'd be great. And I'm a boy jail. They say he don't believe it You don't believe it Okay, I mean, that's fine, man. I mean, we're gonna have a better season bucks of Browns. I'm a what's up Jordan I'm gonna say Browns. I'm gonna go with Browns. I think Browns brown sneaky good, man. They sneaky good, man Oh, he allowed three sex and two. Oh, that's fire, man Quietly dominating. That's a big that's a nice way to put it That's a nice way to put it quietly dominated because oh, that's a perfect way to put I love that. Thank you that dope boy Appreciate it rookie growing pains. I'm fine with that Yeah, no and even no not even rookie growing pains with with Lamar Jackson He just won't have a time to to be a rookie of the year. He won't have opportunity like that to do that Oh, you all you gonna be back from Florida by then perfect one part appreciate it. All right. See you there, man And great. He said where did I hear this from from the reporters? All of them said it and Willie sneeze He said it too in a little press conference earlier today Feel like just yesterday we finished watching the Super Bowl the season came at the snap I don't know if the season came that quick. It ain't come that quick for me That's this season been taking it's been taking a little while and we still got some time left But we is it's a fit it is football season. We ain't hit that first game yet But training camp is the beginning man. No, you listen.  Oh, you mean CJ Mosley? If that's who you're talking about talk the right thing to let me attend before you. Okay, that's what's up, man That's what's up. So I see you on Saturday, man How was Florida? Was it good? Because you went last week, right? Because no, you know you here this week you in Florida this week, right? Lime in all guts no glory. Oh perfect way to say that region being this that's true You're right when our offensive line to be top notch I think they will be Katrina. I think Matthew Jude on is a new T-Sug personality wise play wise still time to tell Yeah, Jude on got a little what he got a little ways to go But we'll see how we'll see how it ends up going man Jerry Smith better be healthy against Antonio Brown. So Marlon Humphrey would have to deal with you Oh man, that is um That's gonna be tough man.  We'll leave you on bail even want to play this year Yeah, you gonna play ain't gonna miss none of the season cuz I think if he his per game His per game bonus or whatever. It's like 825,000 something like that. So I believe it's 825,000 I believe But because if he whatever how many whatever he misses a game. He loses that amount of money I believe that's the amount Somebody can correct me if I'm wrong, but I'm pretty sure it's around there Bows are coming up too. Yeah, we got Bowser man. We got guys. That's Hey Whoo, I'm excited man. I'm excited. We almost there I'm afraid Tim white might not even get on the field on and only can rush so talented rush wise really Wanted to take the next step Tim white the receiver you talking about could true you think Alice Collin will continue to his dominant running this season Yes, I think he should I think Alice Collin should be even better than last year because he um because The offensive line should be better. So Alex Collins did good He actually did great with a offensive line that was patchwork even though they still were pretty good They were still good offensive line. So don't get me wrong. They were still a good offensive line But he did good with them and he created a lot of stuff on his own when they broke down So I think he should be good man Tim Williams, I mean, okay, Tim Williams, okay the past Russia. Yeah Tim Williams got to get time on the field man. How's the daddy Smith looking this offseason? We haven't heard anything about him I don't even think he makes a team honestly, but we'll see man I don't think we talked enough about Kenneth Dixon. We talk a lot about Kenneth Dixon man We talk a lot about Kenneth Dixon a whole lot about him man Buck Allen will take a big leaps some more separation. He took he'd been taking some nice leaps Over the past couple years man. He been proving me wrong because I remember last year and the year before last I ain't think he was gonna make the roster, but what did he do? He made the roster both times and not only made the roster, but he excelled. He looked good, man Thank goodness for Buck Allen, especially with Danny Woodhead piece of glass Thank goodness for Buck Allen man, because he was the one constant at running back last year We had Terrence West as a starter. We had Danny Woodhead in there And both of those guys end up being gone and then a long came Alice Collins But Buck Allen was always there man Do you think we're over high over hyping Marlon Humphrey just like people did with Vernon Hargreaves and Eli Apple both of them had good rookie of a fellow part after we can't say because we've only seen his rookie year and he did excellent His rookie year, so we're not over hyping over hyping him But we he just did great his rookie year and the thing that he did he did great against great receivers We got some great receivers that we go against in the AFC North One and two being Antonio Brown and AJ Green. So he held his own against them He did get beat up by Martavius Bryant, but Martavius Bryant is gone now So we're glad he's out of there, but yes He held his own For really the season man for the for the most part of the season There was some ups and downs of course, but it's like that with anybody but he did his thing man He is somebody that has a good bounce back game, which I'm glad like my favorite game for Marlon Humphrey was the Lions game where he got moss. He was getting abused by Is it golden tape? I always forget to receive his name on the Lions I think it's golden tape, but he was getting abused by him then all of a sudden he ended up catching a pick and the rest was history That doughboy says yes, yeah, Seattle messed up letting Doug Collin. I mean Alice Collins go They messed up. I mean he just ain't worked out for him and one man's trash was definitely our treasure He saved our season as the Saints fan I'm scared for the first four games without Ingram can Terence West produce for the Saints the first four weeks as a Backup he should be fine. If he's a starter Back up he should be fine Which running back is the best option to back up Collin Buck Allen because he's the most reliable Did we already cut Darren Waller? No, he's on the reserve The reserve suspended list so he has to apply for reinstatement to the NFL before he could come back Alice Collins not homegrown. I hate outside guys taking our spots and spots in time Oh, yeah, he's not home. Well, he kind of is but he kind of isn't yeah He obviously wasn't drafted by the Ravens. Obviously not but the Ravens developed him And the Ravens got him to where he's at now because had he not been with the Ravens, he would have been nowhere Seahawks, I think did they draft him or did he was he a undrafted free agent? Whatever he was he started with Seahawks So we got him from Seahawks because they cut them and we picked them up on waivers and then They didn't do anything with him. So we got him in boom. Look, he's Alice Collins now Everybody knows who he is. Buck Allen needs to say number two. I agree silver silver gorilla No, we have not cut wallow. What game do you think will be the toughest for us this season? ain't really no way to put any any Any certain game But definitely definitely the AFC North games because we got three tough opponents There while it was poorly used. I feel so bad for him. It's a sad story. I Don't know. He ain't had no hands to me. He look like couldn't catch Hey, appreciate it. Hey, he say glad he sits on the same team as the LJ. Yeah, that's a nice little combination, man That don't we say thing Jimmy Smith is on a hot seat. Yeah, we all do man. We all do I Hope Michael Crabtree doesn't turn out like Jimmy Macklin. We all don't we all don't I guess it's turning the NFL questions from subscribers I see y'all just plugging them questions away Alice Collins is true. Is it true meaning of diamond in a rough? Yeah, and hopefully he stays that way Not really a fan of branding cars. It's a lot of people. That's like that not fans of branding car Um But why are you not a fan of branding cars? Is it because of what people are saying or what you see on the field? Why are you not a fan of branding car Curtis? I like Tavon Young. I think he got that dog Yeah, Tavon Young was nice me. He was nice He oh Marvin Jones. That's who it was. Thank you. Thank you. You listen. Thank you Dwayne. It was Marvin Jones You're right. You're y'all are right. Appreciate that. So when Marla Humphrey bounce back game, that's who it was Who kept Marston them? You're right. Thank you so much, man Corkini young pal with CJ Moseley if he proves himself, man, if he proves himself So we'll see if you try to relax yourself What? Okay, that ain't that spam In Baltimore for food Pratt Street L house greatest food ever Okay, but we had to see about that Alice Collins with the fifth round pick from the heart. Okay. Appreciate that Thank you for that heads up. Yeah Ravens do make every game hard. I agree. What's up Marcus? Steelers is the hardest game that you say it still is always tough. No matter what. Hey, I mean, yeah, they tough man That's true. Every stealers game is tough. Look at last year. They swept us got out the broom Now you listen saying nothing man Rams and Steelers will be the tough games, but Rams is a preseason game Oh, do we just practice with them? Do it? Yeah, we played them in a preseason to if this season is a bust Do you think flack on hardball out? Yeah, pretty much Josh Gordon or Brandon cooks. Who would you rather have on a Ravens? That's tough Ability wise Josh Gordon For the long run Brandon cooks reason I say Brandon cooks because Josh Gordon if he gets suspended again Who knows where if that or that could be it man? No flackle is on the hot seat. Oh, he's 80 on the hot seat now. Yeah, same sign shame for ring Cuz he trashed. What about the undrafted running backs? I will see me We'll see in the coming weeks Josh Gordon catch radius is remarkable. Yeah, he's a monster man Yeah, Marcus branding car is solid man. Are we gonna put car in the slot or is that for young? I'm thinking that's for young, but you never know man when they throw Brandon called When they throw Brandon called way, I always assume he got burnt He gets beat deep Consistently, no, I don't think so man. I don't think so way Flacco seat on fire. I'm gonna be at the games with a get him out of here You think Jimmy Smith take my young him on the Humphrey gonna lock down this season No, not locked down because that's that is that's gonna be really impossible for them to do this season There's there's literally no way they're gonna be able to play lockdown all season long because you got Julio Jones coming into town along with Mohammed Sunoo, you got Tory Smith coming into town with Devin Funches and DJ Moore. You got um The Saints drew breeze like NFC South alone man, that's gonna be so tough NFC South alone That's some scary games man. That's some scary games. And then we got the AFC West So we got the Broncos do it they received the Marius Thomas and um, oh, what's his name a manual Sanders? We got Phillip Rivers throwing everybody Kenan Allen and Travis Benjamin We got Derek Carthon Amari Cooper and Jordy Nelson we got So, yeah, it's impossible. It's gonna be impossible. It was it's possible But it ain't happening. Don't count on them being locked down all season. Don't count on every game for them being great I mean, I hope that it would be we would all want that but don't you can't count on you You got to be realistic. Don't count on it. Who do you think gonna start in the Hall of Fame game RG? Three Joe or Lamar? Definitely not Joe. I don't starters don't ever play in the Hall of Fame game So probably RG3 Do you think they're old? That's what market said to do you think Ravens will go after Devon Smith that would just cut? No Look at what okay, I still think Raven should get there is Brian. Why you say that Dwayne? Any undrafted players make the team? We'll see I think Janoy and Graham got the best chance because he's a returner But other than that, we'll see you should make a podcast or definitely a what I'm hoping we can get some work That with that man. That'd be a lot more organized to me, but we'll see Thoughts on Revis retirement. I thought that dude retired last year me So Carlos GM suspended. Yeah, he couldn't keep that keep he couldn't keep out of the alcohol man. He got a chill Yeah, I'm gonna try I'm trying man. I'm gonna try pass rush gonna be key on defense. Yeah, that's that's true Pass rush dictates dictates the defense Because with no pass rush that leaves corners on the island for longer that lets them get exposed That leaves safeties on the island for long that does let them get exposed And yeah, we should do live stream questions from subscribers once a week Oh, so we can knock out everything in one video. We could do that. That would be something That would be something will be less videos then but people will get their questions answered a lot faster Instead of having to wait cuz I know a lot of people be like man I sent you engraving that question weeks ago, but I still haven't seen a video I know they be thinking I forgot about the question, but I record like a bunch of questions all in one day That's why sometimes when I put out the question from subscribers videos You'll see me with like all these different haircuts and stuff Sometimes my hair be longer. Sometimes it'll be shorter. Sometimes my beard will be thicker Sometimes it'll be going but it's just cuz I don't I don't release the videos in order I don't release the videos in any particular way. Sometimes I just pick a random video and just boom Okay, I put this video out right now With questions from subscribers. Oh Nah, man, I gotta be humble cuz I ain't nothing man.  Um, but With the question from subscribers, we might do that man, but yeah, I just I do know that there's people that hold on There we go Had to get rid of them So, um, yeah, I know people that they'd be thinking I'd be forgetting about their questions Well, cuz I don't like I always say for questions from subscribers If you ever want to be a part of that just send me a DM on Instagram Twitter a snapchat with your question I'll answer in a video but um and You'll know that I saw your question and I did the video for your question Once I say got it or I got you or done or something like that. You already know man You already know So what's up, Meach? Oh Meach come on. I want to hit your two cents man. I know you got something to say, man I already know man. I know you got something to say Meaches me just like one of the funniest dudes talk about Ravens man because the dude he's so uh He's so uh, what's the word? He definitely he vouchers for the Ravens and he root for the Ravens heavy But he ain't afraid to call nobody out either. So that that's the perfect way to say it man That's a perfect way to say it Voice of the people I don't know about all that. That's a that's a that's a heavy title right there, man That's that's a lot of pressure right there. What if a non-subscriber asks you a question? Oh, huh? This ain't even see that man. I'm sure it happens all the time, man Who knows but it's all good man If Ravens could pick any QB on all other 31 teams to have who would it be? um, I would say I would like Cam Newton Um and Rogers Drew Brees you could throw Brady in there So, yeah, one of those guys What's up Nelson from Australia? Oh, it's all good. Me next time didn't man. If you having a bad day realize. Oh, okay Alright, well, that's enough from Nelson Okay, let me go ahead and get rid of that because that is definitely not team keep it clean. Okay Well, I hope your day gets better though because that sounds like it's pretty painful. Oh Carson Winchester going to At the time Brady retires will be the gold QB to be an AFC well depends on who else retires with him So we'll see So yeah, anyway, appreciate y'all. Thank y'all for coming through You do the video probably on the meetup probably later on today put it out later on today So, yeah, so it's official now Flacco did work out with the receivers. It's been confirmed And Tony Jefferson gonna actually be getting played close to the line of scrimmage. So oh, I can't wait to see that defense, man I can't wait. So it's almost time man. Appreciate y'all. Love y'all


Imagine your life being only made up of a constant stream of success. Everything you've ever tried falls into your lap and you've only known britches and comfort and success. You never had to pull yourself up from an abyss or struggle to improve. You take everything for granted. Don't you feel like if life was easy it would be kind of boring? The truth is you can never know success unless you've experienced failure. I've missed more than 9,000 shots in my career. I've lost almost 300 games, 26 times I've been trusted to take the game-winning shot and missed. I've failed over and over and over again in my life. That is why I succeed. Michael Jordan.  It does not feel good. Failure is our biggest teacher. And it's not always really a failure. But it's usually a lesson. It's a step in the journey, but it is not the end. Do you want to try again or do you want to try something else? It's a chance to reassess. There's no light without the dark. So take a moment. Feel the feels.


the Butterick 6386 Lisette Windbreaker Sew Along. You guys, we are rockin' and rollin'. In today's video, we are gonna be constructing the back. We are also gonna be attaching the back to the front. Very exciting stuff. So it's a little bit of a long video cause there's, you know, a lot of steps in this. And similar to the second video in the Sew Along where we constructed the front, I'm not going to stand here and tell you that this is the easiest of all the sewing because it's not, but I believe in you and I know that you believe in yourself and so we can do this. I will hold your hand through every single step. Just take your time, find some confidence, find some patience and we will do this together. So let's head to the sewing table where I can show you the first step. Okay, so the very first step for our back is to cut these little one and a half by one inch squares. You're gonna need one for each buttonhole. We've got two buttonholes on the back and two buttonholes in the hood. So I'm gonna set these aside, keep them close by cause our hood is our gonna be our next video. So we're not too far behind, too far away from doing that. All right, so then we're gonna take piece number five which is right here and where we place those buttonhole markings during our cutting out phase of the video. Then we are going to on the wrong side of the fabric based a one by one and a half inch rectangle of self fabric to the wrong side of the back under the buttonhole markings. So we're gonna place them like this where the tall side goes lengthwise on the back of the back piece and we're gonna do one on each side. So we're gonna baste around this rectangle then flip the garment over and then sew our buttonholes. So I actually need to transfer these markings to the front like so. Now I have my buttonhole marking on the right side. Again, at our machine, we are gonna place this guy on here baste all around him, turn the piece over and do our buttonhole stitch which I'll talk you through when we get to the machine. All right, now we are gonna switch to our buttonhole foot. Mine looks like this and then to make the buttonhole longer or shorter, you move this guy. So I came up with a little scrap piece of fabric where I have transferred the size of our buttonhole onto it and I am going to try and get this thing as close to the same size as that buttonhole. This does not in any way have to be exact or perfect because we're not actually putting a button through or we're just doing some courting. So it can actually even be smaller. It can be really whatever you want. I'm gonna try and stick to the pattern. For this first time, like I've said a thousand times I'd like to do what the pattern tells me to do the first time and then I will go my own way, Steve and Tyler, on the next round. Okay, so you remove your regular presser foot. You put your buttonhole foot down. Mine has this little doodad that drops down in the back and then I've folded my fabric over to simulate two layers, which is what we are gonna have. And I just wanna test this A to make sure that my machine is operating as it should and B that the setting that I have for the length and the type of buttonhole that I'm gonna choose are both gonna work for this fabric. So I've got it lined up with the markings. All right, that's the one that I'm doing and it's number 53 on my chart. So you can see it right there in the middle. Okay, so as you can see, that is not working great. Right, so, good thing we're testing. I am gonna move now to 51, which is just your standard rectangle with the zigzags up the sides. Let's try this one. All right, it's hard to say why your machine likes one buttonhole stitch versus another, but you can see the second one that we did there looks beautiful. It might be a little bit long. Here, we can compare it to the back piece here and you can see that, yeah, it's a good three eighths of an inch too long. So I'm gonna make this shorter in the back and then I'll give her one more spin just to make sure it's gonna work. All right, there's my second one. It's a lot shorter. I guess it's technically my third one. And if we hold these two things up to each other, that's about perfect. It might still be a little bit long, so I'm just gonna ping it back a couple of notches and then just go with it. Okay, and so now we've got our buttonhole here with our basting stitches going around that little patch in the back and go for it. Okay, and there we go. We have our buttonhole reinforced with the little tab of fabric, but go ahead and do it to the other side of your garment as well. All right, so we have our buttonholes in, aren't they gorgeous? Now this is gonna feel, our next steps are gonna feel a little bit familiar because we are doing a similar situation that we did to the front to the back and that involves attaching this yoke and sleeve for the back. So you've already done this, right? This is nothing new, but we need to do it for the back as well. So I am gonna scoot through this one a little bit faster than I did for the front. If you need that like step-by-step visual, go ahead, go back to the video where the front is, it's pretty much the exact same thing. So these are my right sides. We're gonna move this out of the way for a moment and just work on our sleeves. So we've got this little, there's a dot here and then there's some markings and we are going to sew, reinforcing where this notch is and then clip into that too, but not through the stitching that we are just about to make, okay? All right, so our next step is actually to attach these two things. And I know this is gonna seem so weird because you probably thought this was a shoulder seam, but it's not. This is actually our center back. So I'm gonna finish them individually and then sew them together. So you do that if you want to as well or you can just sew them together and finish them together too. So I just sustained a wound. It's not as bad as it looks. This is literally the smallest bandaid I had, but I nicked myself with the tip of the scissors when I was clipping the threads. Keep your fingers out of the way, folks. So I cleaned it, put some new spawn on it and like I said, it's not this big. It's like a little nick, but it's all I had. So if you see me now that I'm back and I have the same longest bandage on, that's what happened. Okay, so let me press this open really quickly and we will have something that looks like this, which does that look familiar? Because that is the same shape as this. So that's where we're going next. Take a deep breath. We will all survive, I promise. Okay, so I find the easiest way to do this is to lay your back piece wrong side up. Okay, so where your little patches are facing up. Then lay the sleeve and yoke that we just sewed, also wrong side up. Then you were gonna pinch these two things together like this and now they are right sides together. So I wanna put a little mark to mark the center. I always forget to do this whenever things have a center fold. So I apologize, but it's real easy to do after the fact. Okay, so now we've got that little mark there. So that is gonna be where we line up that seam that we just sewed, okay? So go ahead and do that one. And then where we did that reinforced seam, that is where this corner is gonna go. So this all of this should feel very, very similar to what we did for the front. It's the same thing, just a slightly different shape. I'm gonna draw in my seam allowances so I know where the X marks the spot is.  Let's be a little more accurate with our X. So we've got an X here and an X on the other side. Put a pin through one X and a pin through the other X. And then make sure your pin is perpendicular and that it's not shifting any one way. Like so, anchor that. And now you've got this to work with and then you're gonna come around here and attach these as well, matching up your notches and your raw edges. And then you're gonna sew all the way around all four pieces. One, two, three, four. Again, you can do it in parts if you want.  That makes it a little bit more digestible for me and it doesn't feel so overwhelming when I'm at the machine. So that's what I'm gonna do. So follow along. All right, so our first problem is that I don't think these notches match up and I don't know if it's my fault or theirs, but I know that this is not supposed to be like super eased in. So I'm just going to, you know, do my own thing and ignore those notches. They're off by about an inch. I mean, that could be them. It could be me, it could be the pattern. At this point, it doesn't matter, right? The pattern's printed and my fabric's cut, so we just have to kind of make it work. So that's what we'll do here. And then I'll go sew this single portion.  So now I'm gonna stitch just from the X marks the spot all the way to the raw edge. Okay, so I meant to point out earlier, we have a little flag here too. I don't know why they do that. Okay, so now that we have that all sewn and you can check the back that it just starts right where it's supposed to and then, you know, it goes off the edge. Now we need to do this section. So this is gonna be eased in a little bit. You can tell that the back piece is a little bit longer than the yoke piece, and that's okay. You just come every, I don't know, I just like to do halfway and then half of that and then fill in the blanks if I need to. And that's usually good enough. Okay, and then we can check our work and see if there's any puckers. There's a little one, ow. I literally cannot stop hurting myself today. But we can see if sometimes you can just kind of like finger schmooch those around with your nail and it'll come out. Sometimes it's like, well, it doesn't really matter. But when you turn it to the right side, you wanna see if you can see it. And yes, you can, you can see a little guy right there. So I'll pick that out just a little bit on each side and flatten it out a little bit. But other than that, we got a really beautiful corner, right? So go ahead and do the rest of this the exact same way. All right, you guys, we did it. We did it. Here's what mine ended up looking like. I could do a better job pressing that super flat. But either way, here's mine, okay? Just to kind of give you an idea of certainly not perfect, but it's in and did the very best that I could with the fabric and everything that I have going on and I am quite proud. Okay, something that's not in the instructions that I always end up writing into mine because I always forget is to go ahead and insert your label. Now, because this is an online jacket, we do not have like, if we stitch on a label, it's gonna show through on the other side. So you have a couple of options here. Just go with that. You see a lot of jackets that have like a square showing from the wrong side where the label is or label weavers has an iron on version that I have used time and time again on knit garments, washed, dried in the dryer and those suckers do not come off. So that's probably what I will be using. I do think that it would be lovely if you had like a longer one. This isn't looking good. But if you had a longer one that was like, that covered some of this seam, I think that would be really cute too. But either way, decide what you wanna do for your label and go ahead and attach it. All right, there's my label. It's very hot. So I did use a pressing cloth and followed the instructions and it's on there. I mean, I can't even begin to tell you. I don't know what kind of like super glue they use, but these are them label weavers. I'll have a link in the description box. I also have a coupon code that you guys can use for any label weavers labels. So yeah, they're really, really good. Okay, and let's see, where's my yoke again? So what I'm thinking is go ahead and I don't know, attach this onto here and just tack it into the seam allowances by hand. Won't that be pretty?  So I mean, I guess I could in theory just keep it right there. I don't know, I'm gonna play around with it some, but that's what my label is going to look like. I might even do the serger stitches around the edge of this to give it like a decorative flair. That's the beauty about making your own clothes. You can make your own labels too and have it be as flair-y as you want. So that's what I'm gonna do. So you do yours, okay? We're gonna pretend like mine is done and we're gonna move on. So they also want us to top stitch this portion of the garment. So they have us, well, they don't tell you. No, they do, press seam allowances toward yoke and sleeve back, which I've already done. So you can see that all my seam allowances are going out like this, up and out. So when we go to top stitch this guy, the seams are already in place. So we're gonna top stitch from here to here and then we're also gonna do that thing where we pivot into the seam allowance. So we're gonna start our stitching right here in the corner, stitch out two or three stitches, pivot, come all the way down here, pivot and two or three stitches back into the seam allowance again. Our next step, I'm gonna go ahead and just address it now. Our next step is gonna be to stitch the back to the front along this long sleeve edge. So again, I am going to surge all of my raw edges individually before I sew them together. I think that'll be the most comfortable way to wear this. So I'm also gonna surge these and then when we're at the sewing machine, I'll show you stitching this and also the underarm seam. So this will all get surged as well. This will all get surged and then I will just, when we get to this corner, my surging is gonna kind of just fall off toward the bottom here because we have that beautiful facing that we are gonna attach and then they want you to baste the sides together. So I'll show you all of that, all three of those steps at the sewing machine so we're not going back and forth. And then we'll come back here to talk about the hem facing which is such a great detail. All right, so I've got everything surged like I want. And now we are gonna do that top stitching on the yoke. So again, I'm dropping my needle right in the corner of the yoke. I'm gonna stitch up, I think three. One, two, one, maybe just two. I'll go with three. And then back stitch three, one more. And then up three again, pivot. And then just follow that seam all the way down. This top stitching might be a really good way for me to anchor my label on the other side for the bottom. Let's do that. Sorry, bit of an afterthought. Okay, so if I want this to go in here, like so, let me find the center. I'm always not centering. Okay, I went ahead and surged it as well. She's a little bit, she's a little bit afraid, but that's okay. Like so, and then we're coming down a little bit. Oh, this is gonna be such a cute idea. Okay, just kind of get it in a little bit with a flat pin. All right, let's keep going. Let's see how we did. Oh, so cute. So we'll just pin this in like this for now. And then I will tack that down and then we'll have a completely hidden and concealed little label. Awesome, so happy about that. Okay, our next step is the arm, the top of the arms, I guess, top of the sleeve. So you wanna take your backside, right side up, your front side, right side down. I have transferred, because I surged everything, I transferred the snips that we made into these little markings and so we'll be able to match those up as we go and just straight stitch at your seam allowance. I ended up trimming a little bit off as I surged. So my new seam allowance is a half an inch. So that's what I'm gonna be doing mine at, depending on how you finished your seam allowances will determine what your new seam allowances for this seam as well. But yeah, mine's gonna be half an inch for the arms and the side seams. And then just repeat this for the other sleeve. Okay, now obviously I would be going to press these, all these seams open and flat as well, which we will do. But I'm just gonna move on to the side seams now, but basically you're taking your jacket, the other side of the sleeve, matching up those raw edges again, well, mine aren't raw, mine are surged, but matching up those edges again, sewing all the way down through the armpit where the yoke and all that is attached and then down the side seam again. Now remember, we're just basting this one, okay? And they want us to baste all the way down to where the hem of the front ends. So we're gonna baste just to here and then stop, we're not gonna go into any of this curve or anything. So set your machine to a basting stitch and pin up your side seam and baste it together, both sides. Okay, so at this point, go press open your arm, your sleeve, the tops of your sleeves, go press those open using the sleeve board or the smaller edge of your ironing board. All right, she's looking like a jacket now, I've ever seen one. All right, we can put all of this away for the moment because we are gonna be working on our hem facing and the first step they want us to do, let me mark my right side, hold on, is to finish the long, unnotched edge. Finish long, unnotched edge of lower back facing, lower back facing. The unnotched edge is actually the inner edge, this top edge up here, so like the inner curve. So run all of this through your serger or hem it down, however you're handling your raw edges, do that. And then we're gonna pin the facing to the lower edge of the back and sides, I'll show you all that here in a second, let me go finish this.   Okay, now you can see better. So we're gonna go like this, and we're gonna pin this all around, keeping these raw edges together, and then over here, these two, all of this gets overlapped. So at this point, we have three layers of fabric, we have our back, our front, and our facing all in one area.  If I would have written these instructions, I would have said to stitch your sleeve at like the regular stitch length, and then once you turn this curve, then switch to a basting stitch, but too late for that now, I'll write that in the instructions and do that for next time. But this is how this is all gonna look. So let's get it pinned into place. All right, again, go to your machine starting at the end of one sleeve at a regular stitch length up and around, and then start catching all of this. Go around the lower edge and then back up and around the other side. All right, we are almost done with today's video, I promise, I know it's been a lot, but our next step is to trim seam allowances of this little facing. And so you're just gonna kinda come in at an angle down here and then just come around the curve. Okay, so now they want us to turn this to the wrong side, turn it to the inside, meaning turn your whole jacket inside out, turn all of this to the inside. Here, let me get you right side up here. Turning all of this to the inside like this, and then topstitching three quarters of an inch from the seam here. So we're topstitching three quarters of an inch into here. So along this line from the right side. So I think it's really important to press this open really well, possibly understitch it if your fabric does not wanna press really well, that is gonna ensure everything rolls nicely to the inside. I think I'm gonna go with the understitch myself. I just, I love an understitch. It really helps just reinforce everything. All right, and we're back. And this is what we've got. This is the inside of our jacket. Isn't that so pretty? I just absolutely love a hem facing. And then on the side, the hem goes through the side seam out to meet up with your back hem seam as well. And this is all three quarters of an inch from the edge. And then like I said, I swung out here to accommodate for my new buttonholes. And yes, guess who did hers inside out on one side? That's me. If you wanna be cool and not do what I did, be sure that you're putting your little reinforcement piece on the wrong side of the fabric. That would have solved that. But either way, this is what we've got. I think she's looking really, really good. We've only got a couple more days of sewing to go. The sleeve elastic and the hood tomorrow. And that is it, guys. We'll have some finishing details to do. But other than that, we are gonna be done with our jackets. And I'm so excited. So how cool is this? At this point, you guys have a jacket. I mean, granted, it's missing some hems and it doesn't have a hood. But in a pinch, if you needed to run out in this thing, you could absolutely do that. If you have any questions about the steps I illustrated in today's video, please leave them in the comment section below. If you have a photo that you would like to submit with your question, do that over on Instagram. I am at inside the hem. You can DM me and I will be able to better assist you that way. And don't forget, if you are posting progress photos on your social media, you can use the hashtag I-T-H-S-A-L so that I can see your posts and everyone else can as well. But that's it for today. I will see you tomorrow where we will make the hood of our Winbreaker.


So I'm a couple days into my experiment with Debian and one of the things that I've kind of come across is that I don't usually know when to download a flat pack version of a piece of software and when to download the version available in the Debian repositories. This is a question that I haven't really come across before on such a broad scale simply because I'm usually on Archer for Dora where the vast majority of stuff is either always going to be in the repositories or I should just always prefer the flat pack. So when I was on Fedora, I always preferred the flat pack over anything in the Fedora repository simply because it seemed like that's the direction that Fedora was going in and they kind of got me hooked on flat packs. I was not using silver blue, but it feels like that's the kind of the direction that Fedora is going in. So I started then transitioning to all of my applications named flat pack and then I moved on to Arch Linux after my Redcore experience and because Arch Linux is Arch Linux and it has such a vast repository software, I started installing most of my software from the repositories. So my question that I want to talk about today is when should you prefer the flat pack over your distros packages or vice versa? When should you make that decision? And I think that there is no good answer to this question, unfortunately. The only answer that I've really been able to come up with is that it kind of depends on the package itself. So if you're looking for a top of the line, very recent version of a piece of software, flat pack is probably going to be the best option, especially if you're on a distribution like Debian where the package is kind of lagged behind by quite a bit. So if you're not needing the most recent version of a piece of software, then you could use the distros repositories. But if you need the most recent version, maybe flat pack is the best option for you. But it's not always the case. And most people I would say probably don't pay that much attention to version numbers when it comes to their software. Maybe they do if there's a piece of software that has a different feature that they need in a newer version, but that's fairly rare. Most people are just going to install a piece of software from the software store. And that's almost certainly going to be a choice that is dictated for them by the distro maintainers. So for example, if you download Silverblue, which is a Fedora project, and you download something from Genome Software inside of Silverblue, you're going to be getting a flat pack that is dictated by Fedora. And you don't really have a choice when it comes to Silverblue. But even if you install an application from Genome Software on regular Fedora, they have a default setting. I can't remember whether it's RPMs or flat packs in that situation, but they've made a choice for you. And the vast majority of people aren't going to know that that choice has been made. They're just going to see, Hey, my game is available in Genome Software, I can download it, press the download button and go play my game. I don't care where it comes from. The vast majority of people don't care where it comes from. And I think that's kind of where I'm at right now. And that makes me feel weird, right? It makes me feel weird because I do care where it comes from. And I think the point for me that I want to make in this video is that it shouldn't matter where it comes from, even though that decision still plays inside of my mind. So the reason why it matters to me is because I care about most recent software specifically when it comes to certain applications. So I want the most recent version of OBS. And I couldn't get that from the Debian repositories. So I had to download the flat pack version. I want the most recent version of audacity. And while it's close in the bookworm repository is not quite as up to date as on their art side. So I downloaded the flat pack of audacity. Same thing with Caden live, I wanted a more recent version than what's available in the Debian repositories. So I downloaded the flat pack, then there are certain applications where it doesn't really matter to me what version I get. Crusader is a good option for that. It doesn't get updated that often, surprisingly enough, given that it's a KDE application. But for the most part, I don't care what version is long as it works, right? Same thing for my preferred terminal application, KDE. I don't care what version I get as long as it works. So there are certain applications for me that I still care very much what version that I get. But for the most part, I'm the weird one. Now, it seems weird to make a video basically saying that I'm the weird one, but I am the weird one. And I'm interested to know in the comment section below, are you guys weird like me? Do you care where your software comes from? And the reason why I'm asking this question, the reason why I'm rambling on like this is because I'm wondering, do repositories even matter anymore? Now, obviously, they're going to matter to distro maintainers because they're the ones making the choice where the software comes from. But for the vast majority of normies out there, and I really want to be a normie some day, but I'm never going to be one, for the vast majority of normies out there, they just go to their software center and install a piece of software that way. If the software is not available, then they'll go seek out other sources. But usually they're probably just going to make the assumption that the piece of software doesn't exist on Linux. It's usually where that journey ends up, right? If they don't find it in the software center, they'll just continue on either finding an alternative to it or just assuming that it's not available. And that's what normies do. And that's the way Linux probably should work. It shouldn't matter where the software comes from. So my question of do repositories matter to everyday users, I don't think that they do. And I think that even for me, an abnormal person who has an abnormal amount of appreciation for where software comes from, I think that it's becoming even less important for me over time. Back when I was just a simple arch user, way back when I was obsessed with the AUR, I wanted everything to come from the AUR, you wouldn't even have caught me dead installing flatpack, right? I would never have considered installing flatpack unless I absolutely had to. And nowadays, I don't care where the software comes from unless I have this very specific reason for doing so. Like I talked about before, I need OBS, I need ADAS, I need K&Live, I need GIMP. Not so much GIMP because GIMP is never getting updated again. I'm convinced that the whole version 3.0 thing doesn't actually exist and will never come out. I'm at this point, I just have given up on GIMP. But the other three, I need the most recent version because a lot of my files are based on versions of those softwares that I was able to get on Arch and that has the most recent version, so I need the most recent version of those.  Outside of that, I've begun to care less where my software comes from. I think that's something that is going to happen more and more as we continue on using Linux and Linux continues to evolve into this more cohesive thing. It feels really weird to call Linux a cohesive thing because for many, many years obviously we've talked about how fragmented Linux is and obviously there are still going to be parts where Linux is fragmented. Different package managers that most people aren't going to see anyways, but that's one area, different desktop environments, things like that. But for the most part, once you've made the choice of your desktop environment, Linux becomes samey because what you're going to do as a normal person is open up Discover or open up them software or whatever, find your software through there and you're going to be good to go. So the bottom line for this video is that software repositories are becoming less and less relevant as we go along. And I'm still, there's a nerdy part of me that is sad about that fact because it was always kind of an entertaining journey to try to find your software and actually care about where your software comes from. But nowadays, as long as it's not snap, I don't care. I know that sounds weird because you obviously had to bring snap in somewhere. But you know, for the most part, I just don't care where my software comes from as long as it's not snap. So that is the end of this video. If you have thoughts on where your software comes from, leave those comments in the comment section below. I'd love to hear from you. You can follow me on master down or Odyssey. Those links will be in the video description. You can support me on Patreon at patreon.com slash bonus past links for liberapay and YouTube will be in the video description. If you'd prefer to support me there. Thanks to everybody who does support me on Patreon and YouTube, you guys are all absolutely amazing without you. The challenge from anywhere near where it is right now. So thank you guys will very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very, very much for your support. I truly do appreciate it. I continue to honestly, I don't do the whole very thing on purpose. It just, I just kind of like get stuck on that word, whatever. Anyways, thanks everybody for watching. I'll see you next time.


a'r cyfnod yn y bwysig i'r cyfnod. Yn oed, Mae'r cyfnod yn hynny. Mae'n cyfeirionedd. Mae'n gwybod i ymddydd ysgol. Mae'r cyfnod yn cyfnod. Mae'r cyfnod yn cyfnod. Mae'n cyfnod yn ymddydd, mae ydych chi'n cyfeirionedd yn ysgol a'r cyfnod yn cyfnod yw'n cyfnod ac mae'r cyfnod yn cyfnod i'r cyfnod yn ysgol y pwysig i'r cyfrannu. I wanted to help her to stop to it. But I decided that I couldn't do this job under my normal name. I needed to protect my identity. And so I chose D3B, D for sure. Why? Well, for the sole purpose of making this trick. And today I'm going to tell you about one of my memorable cases. The case of using method. Chapter one. So I'm sitting alone, bored in my office, like that. When the doorbell rings. And it's Mike. And he didn't look too happy. Let me tell you a bit more about Mike. So he was the acquaintance of mine. We had some mutual friends. So we shall be out and about now and again. He was 24 years old, a junior Ruby developer. And he got excited about test-driven development. Now he'd been applying for an apprenticeship at the prestigious Ruby Institute of Professionals. And he'd managed to get through all of the stages, being hunts of applicants, and he was at the final stage and this was happening in two days. And there were two people that were fighting for this last spot. Himself, and will be named Jenny. So Jenny was 27 years old. Also a junior Ruby developer. And she loved all things Rails. She's also Mike's best friend and housemate. And they had quit their consulting jobs at the same time to enter into the world of tech. And not long after they also decided to live together. Now for the interview, they agreed to work together to prepare so that they each had the best shot. May the best person win, they said. Now they'd been asked to research a series of topics that they were going to be grilled on. And one of them was Method Lookup. And this had been assigned to Jenny. And this was the reason that Mike had come to me. Something doesn't add up in Jenny's notes, he said. But Jenny's been so stressed and pallid, rather uncharacteristically, by this interview that she just won't hang me out. She's convinced that she's right and she says that they don't have time for Mike's doubts. As a Mike tells me, that if I can help him find the answer to this mystery, he'll have what he needs to confidently correct Jenny's notes and save them from interview failure. So he reaches into the satchel and draws out some sheets of paper and then Jenny's supposedly flawed notes. I asked him to walk me through them. So she's got these boxes to represent the concept of a ruby object. And all of the objects have a label called class. This acts as a reference to the parent class of the object in question. So some objects are instance objects. And the class label for them are the other ruby object of type class. An object of type class has its own class label. And they also have a method label. And this points to a table of all the methods that instances of that class can call. And then Jenny's written, any class you define is an instance of a class object called class. So if we were to write class cake in our code, we're creating a class object name cake. And it's an instance of another class object. And that object is class. So all classes are of type class with capital C. And then Jenny had this code in her notes. So it was class cake and there were two methods. One was an instance method called tasty, which returned true if the flavour of the cake was carrot. So I immediately knew that Jenny was a smart woman. And then there was a class method called edible which always returned true. And then she wrote, imagine if we had a cake instance called carrot. Then this is what the method look of chain would look like. We'd have our Ruby object carrot. It would have its class label. This would point to another Ruby object of class cake. It would also have a class label. And there would be a methods label, which would have a table. And in fact that table would be tasty because all those instances of cake could call tasty. And then the class label for cake would point to a Ruby object called class. It would have a methods label and that would point to a table with the entry edible. And then Jenny had written, a method definition always comes from an object's class. And at this point, Mike shook his head with frustration. It cannot be that the edible method lives on the parent class of all classes, he said. Can we show you something? Can I jump in your computer? I said, okay. So he goes over, opens up terminal, enters prime and he loads in the cake class from Jenny's notes. So the first thing he does is to prove that the class for cake is indeed a class. And then he checks the instance methods for edible. Nothing. What a mystery. So I'm stumped. I'm not sure how to proceed. But D loves the challenge. And if anyone can solve this, then D can. And besides, this meant a lot to Mike and he was prepared to pay me handsomly. So I agreed to take on the case. Chapter two. Ever heard of Google? Or if you care about your privacy and people like me not spying on you, perhaps you used up, up, go. Well, when I'm D, I don't believe in these tools. I don't trust that. And it's no coincidence that with this approach I've become the best movie PI that the industry has to offer. And so what did I have? Books, books, books and more books. And I spent the whole day quickly skipping a lot of books. I couldn't find anything useful. So I thought, okay, let me form a hypothesis and go from there. I said that the edible method, while not in Hague, must be somewhere in the ancestry tree. So what's the ancestry tree? Well, it shows all of the classes and modules that a class inherits from. So all the possible places are method and protocol. So I built up this where method and it took two parameters, an object and a method. And so what it did was it looked through the ancestors of an object's class in order to find a class where the instance method of that class and only that class included the method that I was looking for. And so at first things first, I thought let me check that this method works. So I created an instance of cake and I checked that I could find a tasty method in relation to it. So it worked, cake. And that was the moment of truth. Where was the edible method hiding? It had to be somewhere. What? Nowhere? What a mystery. And so at this point I'm confused and I think, okay, it's time for some fresh air and change of scenery. So I decided to head to my favourite co-working space. And here I feel like children once surrounded by people hacking away and I quickly settled down upon deaths. But given my natural inquisitive nature, my eyes couldn't help but straight the screen of the guy next to me. Now he was an IRB who was playing something called object space. I said, what's that? Looks interesting. He said, well, it's a way that you can interact with all of the live objects in the Ruby session. For example, if you were to type this into your terminal, then you would count all the live class objects that you have in the Ruby session. I thought, okay, I've been working for a long time now. It's probably time to have a break. So I go into IRB and I count up all the class objects. 936, so I think, let me create a class and see that that number goes up by one. 938? That's strange. Let me try again. 140. What a mystery. But I also went to Norfolkia by it because the phone rings and it's my friend wondering where I was. See, I completely forgotten that I agreed to go to a tech lunch with her. And I was anxious that I didn't have much time left to solve Mike's case. But I've also been counselling on this friend a lot lately, putting my PI duties first. And so I thought, on this occasion, I should make some time for her. And so I rushed out of the door. Chapter three. I turned up just in time to the lecture. And it was about a language called small talk. I wasn't that interested. I only had space in my heart for Ruby. But you know I was there for my friend. And the lecture was talking about how small talk was born in 1970 and it had led to the creation of the object-oriented programming pad. But I couldn't concentrate for much longer. I couldn't stop thinking about my play with object space. Each time I created one class, but yet there were two new objects being created. Psst! Pay attention, said my friend. So I looked up and I saw the lecture asking, well, what is the class of a class in small talk? And she had this colour on the screen and I had it in the following. But she had this polygon object that she printed out and she asked the system what is the class of this polygon object in a returned polygon class. And then she said, well, what is the class of this polygon class? And it returned metaclass. The class of class is called metaclass, the lecture reiterated. And she wanted to say that all languages that small talk has inspired have their own concept of metaclasses. And this included Objective C, Java, Python, and Ruby. Something click, one class, two objects. And so I've been going to my students to be known as a friend and rushed out of the door home. So first things first, I thought, let me try my luck. But of course that would be too easy. So I said, well, let me look at all the methods on here. How is this rather overwhelming? So I thought, okay, why don't I filter this down to all of the methods that include the word class? Okay, so this was a lot more manageable. And two methods stood out for me. One of them was superclass and the other one was singleton class. Next step, let me remind myself of the answers to each of the cake. Cos I knew that the other method didn't live in any of these places. Now it was time to see what cake superclass returned. So I knew it wasn't the right answer cos Object was in the case class answer usually. And this was a subset of that. So now let's see what singleton class gave me. Well, this was different. And when I looked at the Ancestry Tree for cakes that was in class, I saw three new objects that I hadn't seen before. Very interesting. And so I thought, let me go back to my way method. And instead of looking at Object's classes ancestors, let me change it so that I look at the ancestors of an Object's singleton class. So I could search through the new classes that I just discovered. And then it was time to give it a go. Result. And I thought, wait, let me just check that what I think is happening is actually happening in my excitement. I forgot how to type. But I got there eventually. I found that the other method was de-living on cake singleton class. Case closed. Chapter four. So at this point I'm delighted and I'm super excited to share this with you with Mike. I also took a moment to wonder can you actually retire now? This would prove to be one of the biggest successes of my career. And they always say that you should quit while you're ahead. Anyway. So I get in my football and I say, hey, can I come round? I solved the case. He's excited. He says, of course, come round and I'll have to know what's ready and waiting for you. But when I solved the case for Mike I wasn't satisfied. I just discovered a whole new concept in the language that I hadn't heard of before. What are singleton classes? So instead of going directly to Mike I decided to take a detour to visit a friend of mine. Her name is Ellen. She is 43. A free non-celebrity she's regularly contributed to the Ruby language code base. So I received to tell Ellen all about the case. But what I've done, I asked her so what are these singleton classes all about? And she says, well, they're hidden classes created internally behind the scenes in Ruby and they're there to hold methods to find only for one particular object. So take your instance carrot of the cake class. In singleton class we hold methods specific only to carrot and not to another instance. Say if you have one called red velvet or chocolate. Okay, I said. So given their work and their way behind the scenes when does doing about them become useful? So Ellen thought for a while and she told me about one of her recent clients. And they were going to do ink. And they were creating a clever artificial intelligence that was going to help a clever artificial intelligence machine learning personal finance tool for small business owners. And they were expanding globally and needed to roll out slightly unique versions of their software for each new city that they entered. So Ellen told me that when she first looked at the code base she was horrified. Different developers have been responsible for each new city. And I noticed if they were trying out a new approach for naming things, testing things, designing interfaces so there was a lot of duplication. And there was also therefore lots of ways to tackle development because these developers were often reinventing the wheel and doing a bad job. I said a lot of bugs. You know, some things had been copied some things had been left out and it was just difficult to see what was important. The developers were unhappy because they had a lot of time to work and the cognitive load was high. And the product owner was also unhappy because delivery was either very soon or things were spun out quickly and then were therefore bug-ready. I wasn't quite sure what to do and then she said to create a deer cell a domain-specific language and she asked me if I knew what she was talking about. It's a mystery to me, Ellen. You're going to have to explain. So she said, let me show you a basic version so she called me over to her computer and she opened up a price session and input this class so it was called City Instance and it had a class method called Construct which took a block. Then we had a variable called City which called up to initialise by the new keyword. Then we called instance of our own city passing in a block and Ellen said I should pay attention to this line because it's going to prove to be important later. Then we returned to City. We had an attribute called Taxes and initialised method which has an instance variable called Taxes as an empty array and then we had a method called Tax which took a name argument and that added that tax to the Taxes instance variable. Now it's time to get it to go. So Ellen created a city called New York and she added a couple of Taxes and then she bridged out New York's Taxes and then we have it to Ellen. That is a very simple DSL and we can quickly spin up these line-up with city objects. Imagine if we had other properties she said like a list of balance or finance schemes and imagine if we had more information about each of these properties. So maybe the Taxes also had information about rates of thresholds and so using this simple framework it's not hard to imagine extending the city instance class to be able to create incrementally more complex city objects. What imagine taking that to the next levels of Ellen? Imagine interacting with the city instance class in the same way on the command line but instead of just creating variables in our prior session we were spinning up new sub-classes of each city and other related models for each tax scheme bank and then Ellen explained to me that this was the sort of thing that she produced for Budgeting Inc, a DSL that allowed for quick and easy scaffolding of each new city sub-class and any related classes. Okay, she said, so now we know how to spin up identical city instances with different names and different taxes. But what about if one city hadn't worked? So, since I was from the UK she said, why don't we think about how this would be UK? So, I suggested Bob since that was the scene of my first ever case. So, she said, okay, so she created a city for Bob. She had an attack. And then she asked me to think of something that made people in the UK really unhappy. If you didn't like my suggestion she thought it was a 2.0 virtual so she thought, well, let's say it was focusing on the fact that it raised all the time and when it does the government clears everybody's taxes because they feel sorry for everyone. So, we have Bob. We live in a taxes and then it rains and so the government calls a rainy day amnesty. The taxes again, there's nothing there. Now, remember our friends in New York, said Ellen? Well, they've heard about this rainy day amnesty and they want their own one. But as of the next time it rains they try and call one but they get an undefined message. So, city instances and then there are all these characters and Ellen asks me, but do you know what these characters are or what this object is? I said no, it's a simple look at this. And she calls simpleton class on New York and I saw that the objects were the same. So, when we enter the realm of DSLs and we're calling methods like instance avow what we're doing is we're leveraging the existence of simpleton classes but this instance avow stores any method declarations passed in via the block onto an object, simpleton class. But hold on to that thought, Ellen. I want to take a step back to the high level for a moment. So, she said that by creating a DSL like this for a client it enabled the developers to spin on each new city instance effortlessly. So, she explains how she managed to abstract out all of the key similarity between any city. So, now her benefit is her frictionless way via the command line spinning up the foundation that they needed. As of now the code base is better maintained because all of that scaffolding had been well tested. Ellen had dealt with it once and none of the other developers now had to worry about it. In fact, they could now just focus on the interesting bits which was the customization required for each new city. So, the scope that they were dealing with was much more refined. So, now the developers are happy because interacting with this system was a joy it was easy to have a high level overview of the whole domain in their head purely by the documentation for the DSL. And the product winner was delighted also because there were far fewer bugs, faster delivery and she could also speak in the same language that the developers were using by expressing new requirements by the terminology of this DSL. But, let's go back to Stilton class incident. So, why is the learning about them useful? Well, she tells me that one of the main reasons that she was able to defeat the project to a high standard was because she understood exactly where she was defining methods at any given point because once you enter the realm of dynamite-creating classes and methods on singletons as you saw in your investigations the class hierarchy and method look gets far more interesting. So, you might be getting error messages and you need to be able to spot where singleton methods are involved and where they're hiding as it could save you from a lot of headache but be where to end. I've been going on and on about DSLs but they're not the answer to everything. So, perhaps you have a case where you've got complex repeated business rules and maybe you need to customise behaviour in some specific instances then, yes, you can consider DSLs as an option. But even then, approach with proportion. But, and he said, you don't even need to be writing DSLs to be beneficial for you to understand the basics of how they work. So, she said, if you're using Rails you see DSLs every single day. She went over to a computer, went over to the Rails guide website and said, well, when you're doing your active rebel migrations and you're specifying your table names and how you'll perform out of a column those are carrying out via DSL. And when you're specifying how your Rails app handles HTTP requests that's also done via DSL. And I had just been doing this stuff by road. I never stopped to think about what is actually happening behind the scenes every time I type the resources keyword into my conflict with our B5. And there's more of these at edge. So, when people talk about Rails magic she said, it's not really magic. It's more of a collection of Rails written DSLs. And then Anna looked to me and she said, I hope you're TDDing all the time. And I said, of course. What do you take for? And she said, well, what aspect with its described context of it not those are all DSLs too. And so, with all of these Rails and aspect DSLs, when you know about Singleton classes it can really help. Because you might find yourself in a tricky problem. You can't make it particularly if you inherit a code bit. And so, if you're seeing a funny bug to do with methods you never know Singleton classes might be the answer. And having them as part of your sweet or debugging questions can be useful. So, I was feeling really leveled up by the end of this conversation. And armed with this new knowledge I headed over to Mike's. But when I arrived I found that Mike had tears in his eyes. He'd obviously been recently crying. And he had crumpled pieces of paper in his hand. And he raised his arm towards me offering me these papers. And they looked exactly the same as the method look at notes of Jenny is that he brought to me the day before. So I took the notes from him and I looked through them. I couldn't see what was wrong. They looked exactly the same. So we had the carrot object with its class label and that pointed to a cake object with its class label. With the table with Tasty in it. And then we had the class object with its method label and the edible entry. But wait, it didn't say class like last time. This time it said cake Singleton. And as Mike told me notice this difference he fell to his knees and broke down in tears. Jenny knew about Singleton classes all along. He'd gone into her room to find the notes in advance of my arrival and this was the copy that he found. Turns out that Jenny was so desperate to secure the job for herself that she had set out to intentionally misfeed Mike in the hope that he would fail a whole section of the interview and therefore the company prepared him. He pointed in my stuff. See I was so focused on the main villain the shady mastermind that I failed to spot a villain right under my nose. My best friend tried to sabotage me Mike cried. At this point he started wailing saying he wasn't going to go into the RIP interview tomorrow and I said nonsense you can't give up now. So I crouched on next to him and gave him a comforting pat on the shoulder and I said you can do this and I have just the thing to help set you apart from Jenny and he looked up at me hopeful. Have you heard of dear self? I asked him. And I didn't tell him everything that Ellen had just shared with me. And although Mike still looked devastated as I left him I have confidence that I have inspired him with the power of singleton classes that he put himself together and go and secure that RIP internship for himself. So it's two months later and I managed to drag myself to a really happy night. And I'm meaning about enjoying the free food and drink when I hear a couple of people whispering in the corner ooh she's going to fail us one of them said and I look across the room and I see Ellen so I walk over and we cat up and I tell her that I've been reflecting on the case of the missing method of my takeaways that there are singleton classes that are there to hold methods to fight for one particular object. And I mean you understand them it opens up a whole new world through B when you're dynamically creating classes and methods and you're using more complex applications for things like dear self. But I said to Ellen I still feel as if day to day I'm going to get by ignoring them. So do I really have to care about them at all? Well not really, said Ellen like you say if you're using dear self then yes you definitely should understand how they work. And they do want to prepare popular frameworks like rails but day to day you can get by however she says understanding why singleton classes are there I think is super interesting and empowering. Think of the Ruby quality they want to keep things as straightforward as possible. By simple that means minimise special cases aim for having one way one pattern for explaining how anything works. So that they continue asking how consistent can we get things and what's consistent in the realm of Ruby methods? Well all methods in Ruby are defined in only one of two places a normal class object or a singleton class and every method in Ruby is really an instance method and method lookup always starts with a singleton class. So what we call class methods don't really have a fundamentally different behaviour what they really are instance methods where the objecting question is a class and the method is stored on the class of singleton. So yes singleton classes are invisible but they are everywhere they are a fundamental part to how Ruby and its method lookup works. So I left the hack night deep in thought and it had inspired me to explore more of Ruby behind the scenes because there was so much here that I didn't know and I'm going to ask for service and I've always been a general Ruby pilot at Stata and I've been very accessible in the field but perhaps it was time to find a niche and reach the next level.


Hey everyone and welcome back to the Broogly Channel, I'm Broogly and in this video I'm going to be talking about a backroom's level called the Hallowed Gate.  So without further ado, let's get into the explanation shall we? So the Hallowed Gate is classified as a class undetermined and most of its properties and characteristics are unknown and most information as well is pretty rare to come by. The level is sort of an elusive level that's thought to exist somewhere in the void and the void is just an endless abyss of nothingness that you can get trapped in by trying to no clip between levels in the backrooms. So you could try to no clip from level 0 to level 1 but you might get stuck in this void area and originally it was thought that nothing was in the void but this level is most likely there. The level physically is made up of one huge behemoth gate that looks like it's made out of pure gold and marble and these materials can't be broken or cracked or anything like that and they seemingly take no damage from anybody that tries to break through and the gate is always in a closed position but it can be opened by a couple of ways. The whole level is not just this one gate, there's many other gates and hallways and rooms and corridors and that kind of stuff but it does start with this one huge gate. One way that you can open this huge gate is you can find an ornamental key artifact that's laying around somewhere and use it to enter and another way is that the gate will just open itself to you, I mean that'd be easy. Although sometimes the gate will eject wanderers if they don't have the proper key so you might want to try to get a key but who knows it has some might of its own and the fact that it might have a might of its own leaves some people to believe that it's some kind of artificial intelligence or there's some kind of higher power controlling this gate and the other gates. Since this level does take place inside of the void, most of the floors and walls are just blank nothingness but you can still somehow walk on the floor as if you were walking on the real thing, however in some areas there are floors but right here with this big gate you're just walking on the air man. So past the gate and inside the level there are these huge open hallways and rooms that have this baroque style of architecture to them and almost everything inside just like the gate is made out of gold and marble and the levels halls and rooms are very cold and they stay around negative 7 degrees Fahrenheit or negative 22 degrees Celsius and the marble makes it feel even colder. These level rooms are split into specific zones or sub layers which I'll talk about in a minute but each of the different rooms are separated by large gold and marble doors however they're not as big as the original door and each time one of these doors opens and closes back it changes how it looks which can make walking through this entire level really difficult because you can't really tell where you've been and where you haven't been. Now as I said earlier this level is really rare to get to and only a very few amount of people have ever set foot here and have lived to tell the story. Most people are thought to get lost in the labyrinth of doors and halls and some people are even consumed by an effect called the blackout cycle. Now the blackout cycle is almost like a natural disaster in a way that happens on this level and when it happens the entire level goes dark and you can hear loud thumping noises echoing through the hallways and even sometimes electrical buzzes. On top of loud noises and the ground shaking there are these creepy ghost like figures that speedily move closer to you. It's thought this blackout cycle is some kind of security system for the level and it tries to scare people off. I mean it would work for me if there was a ghost running at me in a hallway I'm gonna be real. But apparently these ghosts can really mess up people's heads and often times people suffer amnesia attacks or PTSD from interacting with them so. But when the blackout effect is not happening it's almost like this level mesmerizes people in a way because of how big and grandiose it is. I mean it's literally just these massive huge golden hallways and marble hallways and everything is just massive and it's hard to take in the sheer size of it. I imagine that it would be kind of like walking into the Versailles Palace in real life for the first time. But who knows. Now I'm gonna talk about the different sublayers or rooms of the level and they're pretty neat I gotta say. Number A is made up of the Great Passage which is the first massive hallway that seemingly does go on forever in one direction. Think of a huge castle corridor. And then there are different rooms that splinter off from this Great Passage. Sublayer B is made up of another area called the Halls of Abundance. Now this hallway and room is held up by thin threads in the void and in the middle of this room there is this massive dining table with food and plates and silverware on it and the food is not old. I mean it's literally edible so you can eat it if you want to. Sublayer C is called the Curator's Halls and this is a hallway full of statues of back rooms entities. The statues are life-size and there are creatures that we know and love like wretches and stuff that are in statue form. But there are also creatures that we don't know and have never been seen before as well. The statue has a golden plaque on the bottom and there are words written in an unknown language on it. Sublayer D is a huge courtyard with ornamental plants in the middle. Sublayer E is a grassy area with weird plants everywhere as well. Sublayer F is a massive armory where there are all kinds of combat related stuff, night stuff and anything you can think of that is related to war. And then sublevels G, H, I and J are all specific rooms that tie into these hallways I just talked about. Many of them have different properties and are uniquely dangerous. To enter this level, you can enter from the void by any of its sources. But obviously that's not smart because the void is dangerous in and of itself and no one actually knows how to get to the hallowed gate level from the void. It's just a randomly appearing gateway in the endless abyss of darkness. And since normal people really can't find this level, it's kind of hard to say if there's even an exit to it. Alrighty that was back room level hallowed gates. It's kind of a grandiose set of hallways, rooms and corridors with these gothic and baroque themes that's floating in the middle of the void level. And I really like this one because of how rare it is to get here. It makes it seem kind of like the hallow earth or the anartica and stuff like that. You know it's there, but you'll probably never make it there and it just seems mystical in a way. Anyways, I do hope you enjoyed it. Thank you for watching and supporting me. I genuinely appreciate it. The channel is almost 400k as I'm making this video which is utterly ridiculous to think about. So thank you so much. Thank you, thank you, thank you. Make sure to go check out Spookly for weekly cryptid and scp videos, and Tugly for gaming and IRL stuff. And speaking of Spookly and Tugly, I have just uploaded a video on each of them. In fact, I've recently uploaded two videos on Tugly and Amungus video and a pretty funny tier list video that I think you're really going to enjoy. And over on Spookly, I just uploaded a chicken cryptid. That's right, a chicken cryptid video. Take care of the support on those. I'm looking forward to the content that's about to go up across all the channels. Hope you're ready. Thank you. So thank you so much for everything. Make sure to just have a great day. Thank you for everything you do for me. I really appreciate it. I'm so hyped for the fall and winter. I hope you're hyped for it as well. I have so much planned. Thank you for everything. I'll see you later. Peace.