Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com. We did it. We knocked out the Jaspys 11 box LEDela Cruz Baseball Mixer. Why is it called that? Because we're giving away $8,000 plus worth of LEDela Cruz cards. All graded PSA 10. We did a count a little bit earlier. There's 23 total. A few color you can see in the picture. It's some color, some parallels, mostly those Bowman firsts, but all PSA 10s. I'll show you that a little bit later. So at the end of the break, we'll re-randomize everybody's names. Person two, two down.  Name on top, wax party spot, and the whole lot of LEDela Cruzes, which is awesome. The mixer itself, not too shabby. Five logo fractor boxes, a Dynasty box, a Bowman jumbo box, LEDela Cruz hunting. Two hip-raid one-of-one boxes. A pristine box and a box of Panini immaculate. So the mixer itself is really awesome. Big thanks to this group for making it happen. Thanks to the people who bought their spots straight up. Congrats to the people who got involved in the, we ended up doing four fillers for it. We appreciate everybody working on those. Congrats again to the winners. All 30 baseball teams are in. Let's go, let's roll it. Let's randomize it one into five, six times for names and teams. One, two, three, four, five, and six. Got some Johns down to Tristan. One out of five, six times for the teams. One, two, three, four, five, and six. Padres down to Metz. And there will be a trade window, trade at your own risk. You don't want that to be the spot that ends up winning the LEDela Cruz. Or maybe the, I don't know, who knows? Just keep that in mind. John, Padres Rangers Braves. Philly got my Dodgers. Jan with the Royals, last Bob Mojo. Scott with the Reds. Joe with the Blue Jays. John with the Twins and Mariners. Tristan with the Guardians. Joe with the Nationals. David with the A's. James with the Rockies. Phil with the Pirates. Tristan with the Orioles. Brett with the Astros. Logan with the Diamondbacks. Kevin with the Angels. Mikey got the Brewers and Phillies. Alex with the White Sox. John with the Tigers and Yankees. Jason with the Cubs. John with the Rays. Phil with the Giant. Scott with the Cardinals. Wesley with the Red Sox. Mike with the Marlins. And Tristan with the New York Mets. Logan has the Diamondbacks up for trade. And let's sort by column B. And we will pause the video just for a little bit. When we come back, we'll have the break just as a visual cue. So we got Pristine at that bowman. Five of those logo fracter boxes over there, some Dynasty, the Immaculate, and two boxes of this one-of-a-kind edition, which obviously is all one-of-ones. And of course, we got a tub full of L.E. Della cruises right here as well, which I'll show you at the end of the break before we do that randomizer. All right, gang. Gonna hit the pause button. We'll see you on the other side of the trade window. Hi, everyone. Welcome back. No deals are done, although there was some trade chatter. So that list right there remains the same Monday the 17th. Thanks, everybody, for getting in. Work on the base heavier stuff first. Here's that 2022 Bowman box. There are L.E. Della cruises possibilities in here. So Scott Goodman, pay attention here in this one. First box, lead off. I think all-card chip in this, right? Actually, it doesn't say, but I'll declare all-card chip. Here ye, here ye. I, Joe Gaspi, king of the breakers in this vast land, declare all-card chip to the Gaspi's L.E. Della cruises baseball mixer. It has been decreed. Pursuit. Aye. I shall place it the great seal of the breaker, indicating that all-card chip and all rejoice in the land with a happy face. Oh, ye. This break is now in session. Got a Wanderfranco. Rookie card for the Tampa Bay Rays, John Jackson. Got an 80 cap, those slightly thicker Invicta cards. And our first autograph of three, I think, is 400 out of 4.99. Bowman first autograph, that's Gavin Conticello. Conticello. Conticello? Conticello? Conticello, I suppose would be a little more Italian. Conticello. If you want to do it that way, don't know. Where if I put a Spanish twist to it, it's Conticello? Anyway, Gavin goes to Logan, tried to trade couldn't trade Mojo with the way the Dimebacks have been drafting of late. Could be another big name in there in the pipeline. We've got Adrian Sugusti. These are really jamming me up to 36 out of 199 purple paper. I think I'm going to go with Sugusti as Goldie to 3.99. Excuse me, a little cough drop here. Yeah, I'm alive. Right, I'm alive, folks, barely. O'Neill Cruz Rookie Card for buckos filled with the Pirates. We've got Jose Firmin. Cleveland, this is for you, Tristan, with the Guardians. We've got Alava, Cooper Kinney, to 3.99. That's for Tebe, John. Another Juan Franco Rookie Card for John. And we've got Jose Ramos, Atomic Autograph, 56 out of 100. That'll be for Phil and the Dodgers. We've got Diego Velazquez to 1.99 for the Giants. That's going to go to Phil. And that's that. Let's get this pristine rolling here. Let's go over to the large, awkward size box. This, some of you remember, are like Russian nesting dolls. They have a pack that reveals a pack, another pack. It's inside. Pretty solid product though, despite the time it takes to open all this sort of stuff. This is definitely a box that's fun to buy for yourself. And then rip all these packs. In terms of speed and efficiency, it doesn't quite tick those boxes. But from what I remember, when we did cases of this stuff, stuff inside, usually pretty nice. Once you finally harvest all the hits out of these husks, I feel like I'm shucking corn. I think these were traditionally just regular base cards, I want to say, and inserts. And then those were numbered, maybe, possibly autographed. The cards that were banded around the top of the pack. Oh yeah, there we go. Juan Soto. Jersey and autographed. Washington Nationals edition. Joe Simone with that. Got Jared Walsh to 50 for the Angels. JD Martinez to 25 for the Dodgers. Yeah, this will be Dodgers edition. All right. And the encased cards. Got a William Demis. For the Brewers, that's going to be Mike Samich. We got Barry Larkin for the Reds to 75. That will be for Scott Goodman. We got Matt Veerling to 15 for the Phillies. Mike Cowell-Muller autographed. Rookie autographed for the Braves. John. Brian Reynolds to 50. And we got a Sonny Gray for the Reds. 17 out of 50 for Scott Goodman and the Red Lakes. Now let's do some logo fractors. 2022 Tops Chrome Logo Fractor edition. I don't remember you. So you're just regular Tops Chrome. So also, speaking of Tops Chrome, Tops Chrome dropped not this Wednesday, but the next Wednesday after that, 26th. 20 something? So pre-order your teams now before someone else does. ABC, always be closing. And here's Brandon Crawford, Goldschmidt. You can see the MLB logos in the background. Logo Fractor. Which is kind of a cool look. Tyler McGill, four out of 99. For the Met, that'll be for Tristan. We got Jose Ramirez. Logo Fractor to 199. Cleveland, this is for you. Logo for Tristan. And we got a Raphael Devers to 254. The Red Sox. It's going to be for Wesley. Don't worry, Rex. I will not. I will not. There's Brand Marsh. Must be some sort of variation. Sort of celebration variation. That's the angel edition here, Kevin Smith. JT Aril Muto to 199. Phillies, Mike Sommage. Luis Robert. Green. For the White Sox, that'll be for Alex. And there's another Brand Marsh for the Angels. Purple to 250. And your Logo Fractures, which I think look really cool. Here's O'Neill Cruz. Rookie. Pink. Logo Fractor. Pirates. Phil to 199. And then we got a Kettle Marte to 199. That'll be for Logan. And a Franco Rookie card for John Jackson and the Rays. Logo Fractures. We got a Blue Logo Fractures. John Carlos to 150. For the Yankees, that'll be for John. And Matt Chapman to 199. That'll be for the Blue Jays. That's going to go to Joe. Joe Costa. I suppose maybe in the one of one, the Hip Ray one of one product. Is that a possibility? Possibly. I don't know what year it is. Wait, Rex. I thought we weren't going to talk about that. I thought we weren't going to talk about that. We got Trevor Rodgers Gold to 50. And we got Starling Marte to 150 for the Met. That'll be for Tristan. Trevor Rodgers for Mike. And the Fish. Alright. Let's do that Immaculate first. And we'll do the Dynasty, then the one of one, then. We'll give away the Wax Party it invites. And the L.A. Delic loses. You know, speaking of Cheech and Chong, Rex. Cheech is in the movie. A movie I just watched. Tin Cup. I forgot that he was in there. That's the Caddy. All around Buddy. Kevin Costner in that movie. That's a good movie, Tin Cup. Alright, we've got Andy Young for the Arizona Diamondbacks. Two out of 49.  And the Arizona Diamondbacks. Yeah. He has. Cheech Marine has a pretty extensive catalogue. Of the work. He has a lot of work. He has a pretty extensive catalogue. Of the work. We accidentally grabbed two here. We got Mike Trout, piece of the lumber, four out of 25. From 2021 Immaculate. A little blast in the past. Remember the blockchain cards? There's one. Joe Adele for the Angels. I don't know if these are worth anything or relevant, but we'll send it to you, Kevin. Maybe there are some people still working on those. We got David Peterson, 29 out of 77. Three color patch and autograph for the Mets. Tristan. Another Mets. 1999, JD Davis. Another Mets for Tristan. Then we got Shane McClanahan. Rookie, patch and autograph. Nice. One out of 25. It's a pretty strong one for John and Tampa Bay. The final one in here is Hasu Sanchez, 40 out of 51. So John gets the McClanahan. When we stay in Florida, Mike Salamage has the Miami Marlins, gets the Hasu Sanchez. All right. Good stuff here. Dynasty. Good luck. This way. Excuse me. Can you go this way? It's for the Dodgers. It's Cody Bellinger, two out of five. Two color patch and autograph. Nice. And that's going to go to Phil. It's got my Dodgers. Phil. All aboard the Big Hit Express. All right. Now to the Hit Parade, one of a kind edition. Obviously all one of ones. I guess it looks like the first series of 2023. Good luck, everybody. It's going to be... Wow. A one of one dual auto. Don Mattingling and Wade Boggs. Yankee's edition of Don Mattingling. Boston edition of Wade Boggs. We got to make one person happy and one person sad. Wesley has the Red Sox and John Jackson has the Yankees. We'll do that randomizer along with the other randomizers at the end. Part of the mixer is a colossal Ken Griffey Jr. rally. Wow. One of one. John Jackson with Seattle. John. All aboard the Big Hit Express. First of all, here's a look at all the LEDela Cruzes. Here are the color parallels here. Really nice stuff. And the rest of them are these chrome prospects, Bowman Firsts. And they're all PSA 10. So this is a pretty awesome way to jumpstart a collection here. Especially if you're looking for LEDela Cruzes. Chris is here too. Is he the hottest prospect in baseball hobby-wise right now? Yeah. I don't think it's close. Really? More than Corbin Carroll, more than Wander Franco, more than Adley Rushman. Adley, yeah. In terms of like first-second-year players? He's just so excited. More than what? Yeah, he really is. Cycled LEDela Cruzes and just all the stuff he's been doing. What's that? Like the fastest recorded infield out ever? Like it's just he's been showing off all five tools for the last month? Month and a half now? No, he's pretty good. More than enough. All right. So everyone's got a chance at that. So that's one through 30. Let's gather everybody's names. Control C, let's put into a blank list here. And then let's do the dual auto one of one first. That's New York Yankees and that's Boston Red Sox. We'll use one dice roll for both lists. It's going to be eight times, three into five. The dual auto first. Team on top gets it. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eight. Boston will get it. Three into five, eight times. That's going to be for you, Wesley, with the Red Sox after eight. Sorry, John, with the Yankees. But there's the one of one, NT dual auto. And guess what, ladies and gentlemen? We've got NT in the store right now. Jaspyscasebreaks.com, ABC, always be closing. And Wes, all aboard. All aboard the Big Hit Express. You're welcome, man. Thanks for getting in. Now, the big stuff here. Once again, we're going to go eight times. Top two, get wax party invites. Top name gets a wax party invite. And the L.E. Dela Cruz's. Cruz's eye? Cruises. Cruises. After eight, good luck. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eight. And final time. Fingers crossed, everybody. Spot three, that's a pretty, that's the worst spot because you're so close. But not quite, John Jackson. Thanks for giving it a shot, though. Three through 30. Appreciate you, thank you. But there can be only two. Second name. It's good, but you're not getting the L.E. Dela Cruz's. But a wax party invite. Alex, that's nice. That's not bad, right? Chance of some monsters. But the name on top gets the wax party invite. And the L.E. Dela Cruz's. Wesley Mullen X. Eight times. Wins the dual auto. Wins the wax party spot. And all of those L.E. Dela Cruz's after eight. And that's where the spot he got straight up. PSA 10, PSA 10, PSA 10, 10, 10, 10. L.E. L.E. L.E. Dela, Dela, Dela, Dela, A, A, A, L.E. Dela Cruz. Yeah. Nice. And then here's the Aqua one. There's another Aqua one. There's the Mega Box, Refractor one. And then a pristine sapphire blue. Centering surface corners all at ten. The edge has got the nine five. And it's the blue parallel out of sapphire. Let's do a quick count just to make sure. I got this one, two, three. I should have been doing that for five at the beginning. Six, seven, eight, nine, ten. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. We said in the title 23 cards total. And the wax party invite, Wes. Congrats again, man. Thanks for getting in. Really appreciate you. Thanks everybody for giving this a go. I'm Joe for jazby's casebreaks.com. And I'll see you next time for the next baseball break. Bye-bye.


At every front, a government is failing. At every front, a government is expanding, taking over more, doing more, controlling more. And in that context, we now have the House of Representatives under Nancy Pelosi ramming through one of the largest increases in government spending, one of the largest increases in government programs in American history. This will be in terms of size, at least, and potentially in terms of scope. We'll see what actually makes it into the $3.5 trillion bill. The largest expansion of government since the 1960s, since the Great Society, which was the largest expansion since FDR's New Deal. FDR took four years, longer really, to get the main New Deal projects passed. Now, they were sweeping and completely changed the world. So nothing Democrats do this time is anywhere near as bad as what FDR did in those four years. But it took him four to eight years to get it passed. In the 1960s, under Johnson, and then in the 1960s, under Johnson, introduction of Medicare, war on poverty, welfare, it took several years for Democrats. And in those days, both under FDR and in the 1960s, Democrats had large majorities in the House and the Senate. They had a mandate, like it or not. They had a mandate to make big changes. And it took years. Nancy Pelosi is trying to cram something similar in 17 days with no mandate, because the fact is Democrats have a, what, five majority in the House and zero majority, really, in the Senate. And yet, they're trying to change the entitlements, expand them dramatically, change things like civil penalties for unfair labor practices, which will give unions and employees huge power over businesses. Massive new mandates around 401ks, a complete change to the way we save money, universal paid leave. So massive, massive new changes to the relationship between government and the rest of us. I mean, not revolutionary, because they're all just expansion of things that already exist. But these are massive. These are big. And all with the tiniest of majorities, the tiniest of mandates, and all crammed through in 17 days. They want to do it before, I guess, the next recess or whatever. Without the votes, Obamacare took longer. And with Obamacare, the Democrats had 56 votes in the Senate. Whatever they pass here, if they pass it, they'll have 50 votes with the vice president putting in the tie break. And even with Obamacare, it was hard. Remember what Nancy Pelosi said, though, about Obamacare? We'll find out what's in it after we pass it. We'll find out what's in the bill after we pass the bill. Well, here, nobody's going to know what's in the bill. This is going to be massive. It's going to be much bigger than Obamacare. Much more expensive, much more costly, much more expensive. Nobody's going to know when they vote on it. They'll only find out much later. So this is truly horrific. If they can get this done, it'll be impossible to undo. I mean, think about, but this is the thing about Democrats. You have to admire Democrats. I mean, not just today, but for the last 100 years. You've got to admire them. Because of this, they get stuff done. Republicans get nothing done. Zero. They cut taxes. Yippee. But other than that, they get nothing done. Trump did not repeal Obamacare. Publicans now repeal Obamacare. They didn't shrink government spending when they had a majority in the House, a majority in the Senate, and the White House. Under Bush, under Trump, nothing. They did nothing. Nothing good. They did a lot of bad, a lot of bad, particularly under Bush from a legislative perspective. Nothing good. Democrats, when they have significant majorities, you get the New Deal. Where's the Republican anti-New Deal? Never happens. One of the human says, Democrats can't run a lemonade stand. But they can pass legislation. They can do what's important, which is screw up our lives. Their job is not to run lemonade stands. They don't have to run businesses. They don't have to employ people. But their job is to expand government. They're very good at it. Very good at it. They got a New Deal. They got a great society. They passed bill after bill. And then when they can't get their own stuff passed, they got Obamacare. Then the Republicans passed it for them. Like under Bush, we got Sabine's-Oxley. Basically, Democrats got Dodd-Frank, big bills. Obamacare, Obama got big bills in his first two years when he had majorities in the House and Senate. What did Republicans do?  Nothing. Passed nothing. Undo nothing. Change nothing. The best Republicans could do is keep the status quo that the Democrats created. I mean, remember that Trump ran on the fact that he would save Social Security and Medicare. He was a bigger advocate of Social Security and Medicare than the Democrats were. That's why he has to be run out of the Republican Party, because he's just a Democrat. Well, if you didn't want Democrats to win, you shouldn't have elected Trump in 2016. Because since Trump got elected, Democrats won the House. Remember, in 2016, when Trump was elected, he had the House and the Senate. And since Trump was president, Republicans lost the House and lost the Senate. So if you didn't want Democrats to win, you should have never elected Donald Trump in the first place. He's the reason Democrats are winning. He's the reason Democrats are ahead. Not me. Trump reduced regulations at the regulatory agencies. All of that has been turned around like that. Did one bill pass to undo regulations of the past? Did one bill pass? Did Dodd-Frank get eliminated? No. Did Tsar Benzoxi get eliminated? No. So security get reformed? No. Did Medicare get reformed? No. Did Obama get cared, get repealed? No. And the reforms that were done were done again at the president's table and can all be undone? Nothing. Did Zilch, I'm not saying you should have voted for Hillary. Doesn't mean you should have. Trump never tried. He never went to Congress. You should have seen the arm twisting and the effort Obama put into getting Obama care passed. Man, nine months of constant talking to the American people doing fire set chats from the Oval Office, going to Congress, twisting arms, having Trump did nothing. He didn't care about legislation and legislating and didn't know anything about it. And did absolutely nothing. You worship a guy who is one of the most incompetent presidents in all of history in terms of what he actually achieved and what he actually tried to do. So the fact that Biden is president today is not surprising given the incompetence of the previous administration. Given the incompetence of Republicans for generations now, not being able to do anything. So you have to admire the Democrats for their ambition when they come in. They've immediately got $3.5 trillion we're going to spend. Imagine if Republicans came in and said, we've got $3.5 trillion to cut and we're going to do it. We're going to achieve it. And the reason the Democrats can do it is because the Democrats have the moral high ground. The Democrats know what they want. The Democrats are statists explicitly. They're not embarrassed by it. Republicans actually stand for nothing. We know what the Democrats stand for.  Whatever Republicans stand for, regulating a little bit less, lower taxes. But otherwise, we agree with the Democrats, everything else is fine, unbelievable. So Republicans stand for nothing. They are committed to nothing. They have no, no, no, more, you know, more backbone. They wimpishly say, yeah, that is too high. We should have a balanced budget. We should cut spending, but don't quote me on that. Please don't quote me on that. Democrats, you know exactly what you're getting. Republicans hide what they're really about. What they're really about is Democrats' light, all of them, from Trump on, all of them. Democrats' light, maybe. In some ways, Democrats' heavy, but certainly Democrats' light. So what we get today is the consequence of our two-party system, all committed to statism, all committed to big government, all committed to running your lives, all committed to government involvement in your healthcare, all committed to destroying what America actually stands for. Yeah, I like that. One of the few that says the Republicans are just followers, absolutely. Republicans follow the Democrats and they're just a little slow. So it takes them longer to get there, but they're always there. They're always there, they always embrace the agenda set forward by the Democrats, always and always have. What we need today, what I call the new intellectual, would be any man or woman who is willing to think. Meaning any man or woman who knows that man's life must be guided by reason, by the intellect, not by feelings, wishes, whims or mystic revelations. Any man or woman who values his life and who does not want to give in to today's cult of the stare, cynicism and impotence and does not intend to give up the world to the dark ages and to the role of the collectivist. All right, before we go on, reminder, please like the show, we've got 163 live listeners right now, 30 likes, that should be at least 100. I figure at least 100 of you actually like the show.  Start liking it, I wanna see that go to 100. All it takes is a click of a thing, whether you're looking at this. And you know the likes matter. It's not an issue of my ego, it's an issue of the algorithm. The more you like something, the more the algorithm likes it. So you know, and if you don't like the show, give it a thumbs down. Let's see your actual views being reflected in the likes. But if you like it, don't just sit there, help get the show promoted. Of course, you should also share. And you can support the show at your own book show dot com slash support on Patreon or subscribe star or locals. And show your support for the work, for the value, hopefully you're receiving from this.  You'll know what shows are on, when they're on. You'll get notified, right? So yes, like, share, subscribe, support. Like, share, subscribe, support. There you go. Easy. Do one or all of those, please.


Artstore is a digital library of images in the area of art, architecture, humanities, and social sciences. To search Artstore, you will need to access the basic search bar on the homepage. I am going to search the term Baseball. Double-click on an image to view it in a separate browser. Remember, you will need to enable Flash to access images. The record is located on the bottom left of the image browser. This contains citation information you will need. Although many relevant images were pulled from my search on the term Baseball, it is important to know how to modify an advanced search for more narrow or broader results. Accessing the advanced search option on the top right page of the browser will allow you to adjust your field searching. Because Artstore hosts images, there are many field search options available. You will see these next to the search boxes. Selecting a specific field will only search that destination. However, selecting in any field will perform a search through all aspects of the records. I am going to search Baseball and select Subject. You can adjust the search in Artstore by choosing an appropriate Boolean operator to define the relationship among search terms. I am going to select the Boolean operator and type in the term photograph while also selecting work type. As you can see, there are several other filters such as date range, geography, classification, and collections to broaden or narrow your search. I am also going to limit the results to Baseball photographs in North America. Here are the results. Remember, I am using a controlled vocabulary to search these images. The caption on this photo, or the metadata, uses a selected vocabulary so searching is easier. This information is what Artstore is searching. So remember to form specific and strategic searches.


All right, good afternoon everyone. Thank you for coming to our talk. Today's Sebastian and I will be talking about a few of the lessons we have learned along the way in running a database, in our case MongoDB on Kubernetes. We hope you can take some of the insights that we had to learn the hard way to the solutions you are building. A quick introduction for ourselves. I'm Rajdeep. I was an engineering leader of the team responsible for running and managing MongoDB on Kubernetes. And I'm here with my colleague Sebastian. I'll let him introduce himself. Hi, my name is Sebastian Waskaricz. I'm based in Poland. I'm a staff engineer working for MongoDB, focusing on the hosted and Atlas operators, as well as on-prem deployments. All right, for folks who are not aware of what MongoDB is, MongoDB is basically a document database that offers you the flexibility and the scalability of storing and querying data, however you need. The same database supports different use cases, like streams, vector search, and so on.  We internally broadly classify the deployment models into the following categories to meet the needs of different personas of our customers. The first one is fully managed, where MongoDB offers you a managed database as a service experience, where both the control plane and the data plane are managed by us. We don't need to follow our users on public cloud infrastructure. Atlas is MongoDB's completely managed offering. The second model is something we call semi-managed, where the data plane is on our customer's data center, but the control plane, which we call a cloud manager, is managed and run by MongoDB. The third one, self-hosted, is what we will deep dive into today, where the customers run both the control plane and the data plane on their own data centers or private cloud. We basically provide the container images for our self-hosted control plane, which they can run on the data centers and manage the MongoDB deployments. To zoom in further into self-hosted, Kubernetes serves as the backbone for both the control and the data plane. To give some historical context, prior to our cube operators, our users would manually install the control plane first, wire them up, and then configure and deploy the data plane. As you can imagine, this would be like a series of manual, potentially error-prone steps to manage a database at scale. This was an ideal use case to automate the deployment and management of the database using Kubernetes operators. For those who are not familiar with what operators are, it's basically an active reconciliation loop running in your cluster that takes some disaster state of the world and converges the current state of the world towards the desired state. We divide the deployment into two parts. The first one is the control plane, which comprises of the MongoDB Kubernetes operator and a software component called ops manager. This is only needed for the enterprise deployments. At a high level, the operator handles the Kubernetes side of things like scheduling the database pods, doing the upgrades, and binding to volumes. And the ops manager handles the MongoDB side of things like performing monitoring backups and restores. The data plane, no surprise here, has the MongoDB server and a component we call the agent. The agent is basically a sidecar proxy which runs along the MongoDB binary, which gets the instructions from the control plane and ensures that the MongoDB server is running with the same instructions that we have configured in the data plane. I will now hand it over to Sebastian to zoom in further into the design. Going forward with the MongoDB enterprise operator architecture, imagine a running Kubernetes cluster with MongoDB operator deployed in one of the namespaces. Let's take the initial step by deploying an ops manager custom resource. Once the ops manager CR is discovered by the operator, it creates an app DB. It is a backing database for ops manager application. Going to the app DB pod, it is composed of two containers, a database and an automation agent. What makes this setup interesting is the role of the agent. It is responsible for rendering the entire configuration static and version. Each time we would like to change anything in the database, for example, create a new role or a new user, the operator creates a new version of the automation config, which is then served to the agents. The agents deploy all the changes into the database. Think of the agent as a maestro of the MongoDB orchestra with full control over database from managing its lifecycle to orchestrating backup and restore processes. As we move forward, the operator deploys an ops manager. It is a Java-based application focused on the operational aspect of the MongoDB system. It is useful to think about ops manager as an administrative panel for MongoDB databases that has additional responsibilities for backups, including all the housekeeping work, monitoring, alerting, and supervising the running MongoDB clusters. Typically, a single instance of an ops manager is managing multiple MongoDB clusters. Once ops manager is deployed, users typically start deploying MongoDB workloads with MongoDB custom resources. The agent processes download all necessary data from ops manager and kick MongoD off. Once everything is running, we can expose the cluster to the outer consumption. In this example, we are using node port services, but using load balancers is yet another popular option. Raj previously talked quite a bit about the control and data plane separation. In our example, we can draw a horizontal line and the yellow part of the slide represents the control plane, whereas the gray one, the data plane. So when is thinking about the control and data plane separation useful? Well, turns out we have very creative customers who started using the operator in a way we haven't thought about. Some customers built their own internal data platforms. They often expose a way to create MongoDB clusters on demand by their internal development teams. This enables them to take the best out of two worlds, centralized control plane with centralized reporting and creating clusters on demand. This example made us realize a few things. Ops manager and MongoDB CRs cannot directly relate to each other. The reference between them needs to be supplied in a standard form such as config map or a secret. The MongoDB CRs need quite often to be pre-populated to point to the centralized control plane. This is where the opinionated templates come into play and Helm is just one tool to enable that. The MongoDB clusters may reside in different physical locations. As long as there's connectivity between the data plane and control plane, everything should work out of the box. Finally, the control plane doesn't need to be deployed on top of Kube. Some of the customers choose VM deployments for it. Now let's have a look at some of the pitfalls we've fallen into when designing the operator. Over to you Raj. All right, running a stateful application like database and Kubernetes, two of the areas where we had to be more thoughtful while evaluating the trade-offs and the design decisions around storage and networking. On the storage side, we have tried to be as agnostic as possible of the underlying storage that our users provision for the database. We do provide some defaults, but we let users configure most of the parameters related to storage, like users can leverage CSI topology to co-locate the database pods alongside the storage. They can override persistent settings for MongoDB journals and op logs. All this is possible via the custom resource where they can provide the override settings. Lastly, we would like to call out this particular upstream issue around supporting volume resize via the stateful set. Currently, you would need to patch the volume, offer the stateful set pods and recreate the stateful set to resize the storage. We are in the process of automating it so that our users don't need to perform these manual steps, but having a support for this in the upstream would be the ideal fix. On the networking side, basically we have two communications that are happening. One is between the database nodes to perform operations like quorum or replication, and the second is from the database clients or the drivers talking to the DB. If both these communications are happening within the cluster, things are pretty straightforward, and we leverage the headless service that we create for the MongoDB stateful set to enable it. Things get slightly interesting when we start looking into the DB drivers living outside the Kubernetes cluster. We leverage something called the split horizon feature in the server. I won't deep dive too much into it, but at a high level, think of it like the server has a notion of multiple address spaces, which means that within the cluster, it can talk over the service of QDN, and for the outside cluster, it can leverage the load balancer hostname for the DB clients. It does this by maintaining a lookup table where the key is basically a horizon or the view and the values are basically the server addresses corresponding to that view. The advantage of this approach is that the inter-node communication still happens without leaving the cluster, so there's a low network latency, while the drivers are still talking over a load balancer. The second way is to override the addresses of each server with the load balancer hosting that we provision for each of the MongoDB nodes. The reason why someone would do this is because the cluster certificate authority might not be able to provision certificate for the local QDN, which is service.cluster.local, so they need one central hostname to serve traffic. As you would have guessed already, the downside of this approach is that the internal DB communication is also happening over a load balancer, which might entail some latency. Lastly, we are looking into leveraging service mesh options, which I will talk about a bit more in the next slide. All right, multi-cluster is one of the topics that we're excited to talk about, where we let users run the MongoDB deployments across multiple isolated Kubernetes clusters, potentially spread across different regions. Currently, we only span the data plane across multiple Kubernetes clusters. We have this notion of central and member clusters. The central cluster is basically where the control plane runs, and the member cluster is for the data plane. Having said that, if users want to optimize for resources, they can leverage the same cluster for both the control plane and the data plane. As I briefly touched upon in the previous slide, we heavily recommend our users to leverage a service mesh solution to solve the problem of MongoDB server discoverability across clusters. However, users can use their own networking solution if need be. We have tried to make the design fairly agnostic of the networking solution that they choose. One of the capabilities I would like to briefly touch on is handling DR scenarios. Users can leverage the operator to perform the DR scenarios automatically, where the operator does the health check for each of the member clusters and verifies if it's down. If it's failing health check, it tries to shuffle around nodes to healthy cluster based on some algorithm to distribute the workloads efficiently and evenly. For customers who don't want to use the automatic DR feature, we also provide a CLI experience which users can leverage to perform the recover manually by interacting with the customer source. I will now hand over to Sebastian to talk about a few of the future challenges. At the moment, we are working on a few of very exciting products that I wanted to share with you. As Raj mentioned, we've used the hub cluster pattern for multi cluster deployments. Now, we'd like to take this one step further and think how to make the control plane more highly available. We are exploring different possibilities, including the operator failover or designing it in such a way so that it can be moved from cluster to cluster very quickly. Another very interesting topic that recently popped up is to allocate different resources for specific pods in a stateful set. In order to unlock the full potential of MongoDB, the primary needs to have faster disks because it perform rides and more memory because of query aggregation. The existing stateful set implementation doesn't provide such options, but we are investigating the leader worker set that could help us here. Next one is external connectivity. MongoDB uses an intelligent driver that picks specific nodes in a replica set.  We are experimenting with sacrificing a bit of performance and making this scenario a little bit more user-friendly. There are a number of options on the table, including our own MongoS processes that aggregate data from multiple nodes and can act as routers, but we are also considering using Envoy Proxy and teaching it certain aspects of the MongoDB wire protocol so to route the traffic effectively. Finally, the Gateway API will help us providing streamlined experience. Last but not least is telemetry. Anyone who tried to collect telemetry data knows that customers quite often disable it in production, and gathering data from dev and staging clusters doesn't really make sense. So we are experimenting with different approaches, but as always, we'd like to act as good citizens, collect only data we are allowed to, anonymize sensitive information, and ensure we have enough insights for our customers so that we could drive our business effectively. Having said that, thank you all for listening, and we are ready to take the questions. Thank you for the presentation. You mentioned about multi-cluster, and I saw in the diagram that you were showing, you mentioned that you need the dedicated centralized cluster, right? Can you explain exactly why? Yeah, thank you for the question. So the reason we have a separation of the central and the member cluster is primarily because of the separation of concern, like we want to dedicate a particular cluster for only the control plane, and a particular set of clusters for the data plane. This is pretty similar to how the Kubernetes works in general, like you have the master nodes for the control plane, and the regular nodes for your actual workloads. Having said that, as I mentioned, if you want to optimize for resources, you can choose the same cluster for both the control plane and the data plane. We don't make it a hard requirement. I think we even have some customers that run two clusters only, and they squash everything into those two clusters. So there are many different options. You can deploy things. We don't set any hard requirements. So it's really up to the customer how to deploy it. Hello, I wanted to ask you about the state for set because you briefly touched several topics that probably the state for set forbids for now. I just wanted to ask about your thoughts to migrate to something else, maybe to manage the thoughts on your own, or you mentioned some other solutions. We do have a great example with cloud native PG that switched or the other postgres operators typically use state for sets up to some extent. The cloud native PG does this otherwise. So I was just wondering what are your options here? And if you see any benefits switching away from state for set. So the answer, we don't have any straight forward answer. So we started with state for sets and later as we were developing the operator, we were, especially when we were designing the multi cluster capabilities, we were experimenting with writing custom controllers to do that. We even experimented with some controllers that were available back then, but it was a few years back. The ecosystem wasn't that rich as today. So for now, we noticed very interesting proposal from Google about the leader worker set. It's designed for machine learning. However, it enables us to set those different amount of resources and different amount of expectations from a very specific nodes, like we have primary and we have also secondaries. So that's one of the hopes that we have that our development could explore later on. But we are open to any suggestions. So if you have any good things that we could explore, we would be more than happy to take this feedback. Thanks for the presentation. Regarding the challenges that you've ensured in the last slide. So, oh, sorry. So for the experimental connectivity, basically I guess MongoDB is using TCP. So what do you guys think about using L4 LBs for instead of going through an ingress and adding one more hop in between clients to the database? Could you please repeat the question? So instead of using ingress or like one more hop in between clients on the database, so what are your thoughts about using L4 LBs in between? Of course, you mean the, when we use load, so maybe let's explore what's the scenario here. The customer is outside of the cluster and we have cluster inside of cube and we are trying to connect to it. Yes, so basically, we talk about database here. So it's huge amount of data. When we add like more hops in between, it might add few latencies. So to avoid that, do we have any ideas to reduce the number of hops in between? Like for example, Celium provides load balancer L4 level. Okay, so I think this problem could be split into two pieces. One of them is the scenario that the client application is outside of Kubernetes cluster and we need L4 load balancers to connect to the MongoDB cluster because MongoDB wire protocol is built on top of TCP. It's not HTTP protocol. So that's why we need L4 load balancer for it. Now we also explored the, for simplification, we explored the scenario of having a replica set members connecting through a load balancers internally. So like the node replication, primary to secondary. So we came up with an optimization. We patched the cube DNS to avoid the hairpinning. That means so that we tricked the DNS to return proper addresses in the cube cluster. It is definitely not a solution that is production ready. It probably satisfies only a few customers because of the complexity of this whole setup. But again, it depends whether we optimize for simplicity and then it's probably fine or do we optimize for performance and then we definitely need to do something about this. There's something to add to it since we mentioned in the slide that we tried to keep our deployment as agnostic of the underlying infrastructure. And since you mentioned Celium, we do have a few of our users who have gotten both single cluster and multi-cluster running with like using Celium as the CNI and also the service mesh. So a lot of the solutions like we might not be aware of but our customers have already have it running in their production usage. Okay, thank you. Okay, thank you again. One more? I'll approach that next time. One more? I'm sorry. Hello, thank you. When spreading the data plan across multiple clusters in a cross-region replication model, are there certain latency thresholds after which things fall apart? Or is that not known definitively? So if I get a question correctly, you're like, have we reached the limit where the cross-region replication for multi-cluster, like we have hit some bottlenecks around that? Yes. Yeah, so that's a great question. And so far, we haven't. We have like recently gated this feature and like we have some like network latency requirements from our customers, which basically they have to adhere to get multi-cluster running. But we are very much aware that at some point the network latency would probably impose a limitation on the way the replication works. There could be some data drift, but we don't have a good answer for that yet. We are still like investigating how to like either load that latency or basically hack on the Mongo Viper protocol. Okay, thank you again. Thank you.


All right, they say, let's head into the fast lane with track and field, the Cambrian's best young athletes now shift their focus to the upcoming Carifter Games set for Grenada this weekend. Sportsmax were broadcasting the action live from the Spice Isle daily from March 30 to April 1 and we're looking ahead to the event and Lance and Mariah, Mariah was very right this time to say that I am excited about the Carifter Games and I can't wait to leave the land of wooden water and head to Grenada. You suggested it. No, I would never say you're excited about anything again because the last time I innocently said it, you took it and you ran with it like if you were at Carifter. No, no, no, no, no. The last time you said it was my favorite time of year, that's a completely different thing from saying I'm excited about something. You know you love track and field and I really was trying to put it out to the viewers to get the point across to them but you know what, it's not good to be nice to Ricardo and I learned my lesson. So, no, I did not say you're excited, I just said you're prepared because I saw you preparing. Are you prepared? How do you know that I'm prepared? Oh Lord, well, Nicholas Mathews, I'll see you, Ricardo is not prepared. I never said I wasn't, but I said how do you know that I am? You don't play riddles on it. No. So yes, I am excited and I am preparing for the Carifter Games and as I pointed out, I enjoyed the Boys and Girls Athletics Championships and the various high school championships right across the Caribbean. I think sometimes in Jamaica we think that because Boys and Girls Championships is so massive that there are not other exciting high school events across the world and when you look right across the Caribbean, B-Sack and Barbados, Grenada, I've actually been quite excited about the KFC high school event in Grenada for a number of years now. They have fantastic crowds and the performances are pretty good there as well and we've seen that translate in Grenada's track and field up to the highest level. Well remember, Linda and Victor told us on the show three weeks ago that it's better than Boys and Girls Jams? Well, I'm just saying he said so. Well, that might be pushing it, but it's great. It's great. It's a terrific atmosphere and you have some really good track and field. B-Sack and Barbados as well. They had to scale down B-Sack and Barbados this year because usually it would be held over like two weeks essentially where you have regionals and then you have the nationals. This time around they did it within a week I think three or four days and whereas you would have two athletes per event per school in the past, this time it was cut down to just one athlete per event per school. So I'm pretty sure that there are a number of young Barbadian high school athletes who are thinking that they missed an opportunity to compete this year at B-Sack and do well. But I've really enjoyed what I've seen right across the Caribbean and what it says to me is that there is going to be a certain intensity about Carifter like it usually is. But there is so much quality around the different events that I'm really looking forward to see how they match up. I wonder if a Deja Hodge from the British Virgin Islands for example will be at Carifter this year. I haven't seen the BVI squad yet but remember she was in the Bahamas last year and she had to withdraw at the very last moment because of an injury if I remember correctly. And she won the U.S. indoor nationals for high schools and so she is in very good form and there is a certain Tianali Terrellong out of Jamaica who ran 11-22 at the high school championships. You didn't get the clash with the Lana Reader a year ago. I would love to see the clash with Terrellong at 100 and Chenoya Douglas at 200 meters. So that would really be great since we missed it last year. Yeah. And just to highlight the point that you just made about the quality of some of the athletes coming out of these other schools championships throughout the region. I think that is underlined by the fact that from time to time we see non-Jamaican athletes winning titles at boys and girls jams which tells you that a lot of these countries in the rest of the Caribbean have a lot of talent as well. Maybe the development process that Jamaica affords the athletes is what would put them ahead. But you know you think of people like Jaanel Hughes and Delano Williams and just last weekend Amal Glasgow from St. Vincent and the Grenadiers. Who is not a junior anymore by the way but still. But it comes here and beats the Jamaican best athletes. Jaanel Hughes was a classic. This is a hundred meters where Jamaicans pride themselves as the best and this little man from Anguilla comes here and dominates and wins. So I think those those performances tell you that the quality of track and field in the Caribbean is not limited to Jamaica and there are a lot of a lot of really good athletes outside in the rest of the Caribbean. All right. Let's go to St. Kits and Nevis then Delway and Duane is the president of the St. Kits and Nevis Athletics Association. Of course he himself a former sprinter and they have named a 27 member squad for the Carifter Games. Delway and welcome to the Sportsmax zone. It is a pleasure to have you. How are you doing and how are the preparations going for the start of Carifter this weekend. Thank you. Sportsmax team preparations are going well. Actually we are at the stadium at the Nevis Athletics Stadium in the background there where we have our team has been going to some places as it relates to really and so on. And so preparations are going quite well as much anticipated Carifter Games to be held in Grenada over the Easter weekend. And so we are prepared that the team is ready. The team is focused geared up to go and we are we are all in good spirits over here. Yeah can you give us an idea of some of the key names to look forward to at Carifter this weekend from a St. Kits and Nevis perspective. Yes I would say all of our athletes are of good calibre as it relates to the team that is travelling. But to highlight some persons who are returning and who might be my veterans we have Mr Jermad Huggins who just missed a medal on both occasions that being the Octatalon and the the Hydro Place in Fort and he's returning. We have Mr Jalen Bennett, Silver Medleys and they are on the 17 400 meters. We have Deschanel Thomas who also captured the bronze medal in the 400 meters on the 17 girls. And so as well as we have our Kanya Samuel Francis who Francis Samuel who won the 400 meter hurdles and so he's returning as well. And so these are persons that we are who the other youngsters and the newbies will be looking towards for encouragement for you know I mean lean on the experience in ensuring that you know they capture some silver we are and if not so have a good showing at this year's Carifter Games. Yeah I have to put this one to you Delwayne because Lance just brought it up in terms of the number of Caribbean participants we see in the high school system in Jamaica from St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Tiga and Barbuda we see them from Trinidad and Tobago as well but we've not seen athletes from St. Kits and Nevis. Is there a particular reason for that that we've not seen athletes from St. Kits and Nevis compete in the high school system here in Jamaica. Not particularly we have a small system and a very competitive system here in relation to the high school over the last two or so years we have seen the increase in participation we have seen the increase in performances as well and we are able to feel you know strong teams out of our system we are not opposed you know the Jamaican system but as well as we know we want to develop what we have here as much as possible and as fast possible as well because it's not everyone is afforded that opportunity and it's not everyone who would want to take that route and we have to be mindful of that and so we have to ensure that our local program is sturdy and strong at the same time but nonetheless we have seen the athletes who have traveled to to Jamaica and in the in the world in the high school system do quite well we understand that we have been you know exploring softly that option with a few of our athletes over here in St. Kits and Nevis but for the time being it has not materialized. All right yeah well let's see how that will go Delway and by the way Lance says that if you continue to explore he has a few spots at Wolmes that he can send some of your athletes so you can't consider that. Delway it is a pleasure having you and I'm sure we'll be seeing you in Grenada this weekend. Indeed thank you. All right take care Delway Dwayne President. What is going on with you? What is happening with Ricardo? Let me tell you about the Cariftagames it will be on the channel you want to speak with yourself? I just want to suggest that Calabar needs help in trying to in trying to topple Kingston College so I'm not sure why he's trying to enlist people at Wolmes. Lance did you hear the Calabar manager on this show some months ago saying that they're developing local talent and they're not looking overseas at this time. Yeah but you're a part of the Calabar fraternity so you should help to to change that narrative. So speak for Calabar not for Lance's Wolmes. Let me tell the viewers about the Cariftagames of course it will be live on your home of champions and Ricardo and our entire Sportsmax team along with our producer Gerard Morrisili will be getting ready for this big event as I said live from Grenada on your home of champions you don't want to miss it and it's coming up this Easter weekend for those of you that's looking for something to tune in to. I don't want to miss it.


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE! Covering AWS re-invent 2019. Brought to you by Amazon Web Services and Intel, along with its ecosystem partners. Welcome back to Las Vegas, everybody. We're here live at the Sands Convention Center. You're watching theCUBE, the leader in live tech coverage. We go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise, and this is re-invent 2019. The seventh year theCUBE has been here. I'm Dave Vellante with my co-host, Justin Warren. Sesh Ayers here, he's the managing director and senior partner at BCG, and he's joined by Alan Chen, he's the associate director of software engineering at BCG. Gents, welcome to theCUBE, good to see you. Thank you for having us. So we're going to talk about AI, we're going to talk about machine intelligence, digital transformation, but I want to start with this concept that you guys have put forth, and you're putting it to action with some of your clients, I'm sure, of this bionic organization. Yeah, it's a catchy term, but what's behind it? What's a bionic company? So if you think about the next 10 years, we believe that it's going to be the era of the bionic organization, where the bionic organization is essentially humans and machines coming together, the bio and the nick, right? We believe that we are at a point now where the power from AI, the power from machines, combined with the intrinsic human potential coming together delivers a very, very different set of outcomes. We get to outcomes largely on three fronts. The first is around customer experiences and relationships. You take that to a really new level. The second thing is in operations, you drive to a lot more productive set of operations with through automation. And the third thing is innovation. The rate of innovation is just going to increase significantly and we're seeing a lot of that today at Reinvent here. So you're optimists for the future, right? You don't want to pave the cow path, you don't want to protect the past from the future, but at the same time, people are concerned, right? Machines are replacing humans and they always have, but for the first time in history, it's with cognitive functions. So I'm sure you guys are having these conversations with your clients. Maybe that's one of the blockers, is that sort of perception that, you know, it's going to cause too much disruption, but maybe you could talk about that. How do I get to become a bionic organization? What are some of the barriers that I have to go through? I think the biggest thing is we are actually getting to an organization where technology continues to augment the human. So it's not substituting or replacing the human, it's really augmenting the human. So how do we take human performance and organizational performance to a next level by bringing them together? So it's always about them coming together. When we think about barriers, the real barriers actually are organizational models and old ways of working. They are legacy technologies. It's the lack of access to data that we can leverage to actually convert that into insightful outcomes using AI. And the lack of talent. So we really are at a point where, you know, we don't have enough digital and AI talent out there. Andy today talked about training as one of the core tenets of what you do to take an organization to leverage technologies that we have today. So those are the things that are barriers today that we're working with our clients on to overcome to be able to extract the full potential of what we can do. So Alan, maybe you could talk a little bit about BCG's AI business. How do you guys look at it? Maybe share that with our audience. I mean, as Sish mentioned, the Bionic organization really has two parts, right? It has the human element and it has the machine element. And AI is really the thing that underpins the backbone for the machine element. But you can't really disconnect it from the human because, you know, as we see with our clients, if you just do the algorithms themselves, the algorithms can't change the business, right? You can't remove the algorithms from the context of the business, the people who need to make the cultural changes, the organizational changes, the priority changes to actually put those algorithms into action. So we, of course, as a company that helps clients go through this transformation, we have to usher along the human change. But for the AI and machine learning change, you know, we bring a lot of the best talent that we have.  And, you know, we build lots of really, really interesting technology. For example, we've got a platform called Source AI that we use to facilitate the building of these AI models and these advanced analytics use cases to accelerate at least the machine portion of that journey. Do you have a discrete AI business practice or is it part of sort of a client's digital transformation? Will you bring in that expertise? Yeah, so within BCG, we have a group called BCG Gamma, which is the arm of the company that focuses solely on AI and machine learning use cases. But the thing is, our model isn't just to kind of embed ourselves into your company and try to, like, take root and be there forever. We want to empower these companies to kind of kickstart their journey so we can go in, we help them get started, prove out a few use cases, and then we actually train and transfer them so that they can make sure that the programs that we helped plant the seeds for end up being long-term, sustainable programs for them. Teaching them the fish is exactly. When we think about what really drives impact and outcome at clients, it's all about bringing together the different capabilities that we have. So we have our heritage strategy consulting business. We have Gamma, which is our AI at scale, data analytics business. We have BCG Digital Ventures, which is all about incubating new companies and taking them out of market. And then we have our Platinian team, which is all about driving new architectures, new technologies in terms of driving adoption at clients. So all these capabilities typically come together at a client for us to deliver impact at the end of the day. Examples of where you've implemented some successes? I think one great example that we have is around when we think about customer experiences and customer engagement. We have recently done a piece of work with United Airlines that's actually getting showcased here at AWS Reinvent, where we really used personalization technology that we have with our partner, formation.ai, to really deliver a new level of customer experience and engagement for United customers. So we call it Miles Play. And you can actually, I don't know if you guys are United customers. I know you guys travel a lot. So Miles Play is a way in which we have actually really leveraged AI and gamification inside of the United app to really drive a different level of experience for customers. So that's one example that are many, many others. We are here at AWS Reinvent, as you point out. And the talk of transformation was part of the keynote this morning with Andy Jassy. A lot of that is around organizational change, but this is also a cloud show. So how does this work that BCG is doing with AI? How does that interact with the cloud? And how does that link into that idea of organizational transformation? So when we think about, again, I'll go back to the Bionic organization. We see, as we move towards this new organization that's bringing together data technology as well as organizational constructs, there are four things that we think of. We think about purpose at the core. So what is the reason that an organization exists and how do we make that alive and bring it alive? I think there's a second around data and technologies. So what can you do with AI? What can you do with data?  And then there's a third around people and organization. So how do you drive new organizational models to get an organization to deliver to the potential? And how do you bring new talent? And Andy talked about re-skilling today or training people. And then lastly, leadership. How do you bring in a different style of leadership? We call it jazz leadership, where you really have to bring different parts of your organization to, and help them orchestrate to get to an outcome rather than a more command and control style approach. So all of these are the pieces that we see coming together and that's what we work with our clients on to move them from where they are today to where they will be in the next five years. Alan, you have software in your title. So I'm curious as to what kind of tooling that you guys have built that you apply in your client situations. Yeah, so we work with a lot of different clients in a lot of different industries and a lot of different use cases and even though we treat every client as a unique situation, there are patterns that begin to emerge and we want to make sure that, in order to provide the most value to our clients, we want to be able to quickly prove out wins and use cases and one of the ways that we're able to do that is building software products that facilitate those things. And so, we've got data scientists that go through this whole machine learning pipeline, even though the use cases are different, the challenges are kind of the same no matter what. So you go through the process of how do you get access to data? Once you have access to data, how do you begin experimenting with models? Once you've experimented, how do you begin to consolidate the knowledge of the team to start evaluating models in a collaborative way? And once you have a model that you decide is good, how do you deploy that into a client environment? In many cases, it's going to be cloud because in order for these clients to really see the value of these AI programs, it's got a scale and so we work very closely with partners like AWS to ensure that we can bring the most scalable AI solutions to bear for our clients. And so we build platforms like Source AI to facilitate that entire journey from data access all the way to deployment and scale. And then depending on the verticals, we also have other products that are more use case specific, right? So we work with a lot of airlines to actually do airline scheduling for their airplanes, gate scheduling, routing bags and so while we have Source AI underpinning the platform, airlines have very, very unique problems of their own that are very, very interesting to solve and so we build products to cater to those industries specifically as well. One other piece that I would add is for the retail industry, for example, markdowns is a big topic. So how do you get the best price for the given inventory that you have? We again have AI based solutions that drive markdowns and take the profitability or the revenue of a client to a better level than that I think. One of the things that we see is many of our clients want to get increasingly close to their customer to have that one-on-one relationship that traditional marketing can never afford you, right? So with things like markdown and personalization, we can gather all this data, use the latest AI techniques and begin to start giving offers and discounts and promotions and offers to people on a one-to-one basis rather than marketing to a cohort of people. So a lot of these are functional areas that are like particular problem domains that have particular technological solutions and then the pace of technology continues to change. We've seen that for decades but it seems that this transformational agenda that we need to have has a lot to do with the humans and that problem doesn't really seem to have changed to me in the last several decades. I mean, BCG has been around for a very long time, became famous back in the 80s for doing a lot of the same sort of transformational ideas but how do you transform your organization? So what is it about cloud and AI today that's changed the nature of organizational change? It's a lot of change in there. My sense is if you think about, maybe there are two points to make here and then Alan, you should add on. I think one is it's always easy to bring AI and data and do a proof of concept, right? And to show that something has potential. Taking that potential to impact and outcomes requires it to move to being at scale, right? So one of the big changes that we are seeing is we have to take these AI technologies and really deliver them at scale. So that's one piece of it. I think the other piece that really becomes important is leveraging AI for the right context in which you're applying the solve for. So you need to go into targeted spaces. As Alan said, certain use cases that have huge impact and go after it and deliver value there as opposed to trying to do something a lot more expansively. So how do you now go into specific industries and identify unique areas that have a lot of promise and potential and then put your energy against that to get to again impactful outcomes, right? We had that example around markdowns. We've talked about airline optimization. We've talked about personalization. All of these are good examples of very targeted areas that have a lot of potential to really drive value. Yeah, like one of the things that I see that cloud has changed the transformation process is just the ability for us to very quickly experiment with new use cases, right? In terms of the types of tools and building blocks that cloud vendors like AWS provide us, you know, we could think of an idea, an AI-powered use case one day and we could start cranking the gears on it the next day. And if it works, we can just start scaling it up and if it doesn't, we turn it off and it's a very, very kind of low regret, low risk kind of thing, whereas back in the day where everybody is building data centers in order to try something new, you have to capitalize the cost of actually buying all this hardware, filling up your data center, staffing it and then if it turns out that that use case didn't pan out, well, now you've got loads of hardware that's just kind of costing you tons of money every day but with the cloud, you know, we can just move so much more quickly and take a lot more bold risks. It's the cost of, I think it's the cost of experiments and the speed with which you can bring teams to get to outcomes, right? So Andy, again, talked today about an integrated development environment for data scientists, right? How do you really bring data scientists, get them to start working on something, experiment with it, start to show some potential and then really scale it? Those are things that we believe, you know, cloud has really immensely changed. The other thing is access to massive, massive data sets, right? Andy today talked about how different data sets can be brought into Amazon and the ability to do that easily today. So how can you really create value from these billions and billions of rows of data that are sitting out there in your enterprise and converting that into something meaningful? So that approach and that philosophy of sort of low risk, pick a winner, scale it. First of all, the CFO loves it. I think generally the organization is going to see value. It's tangible. However, I think about digital disruption and if you think about the successful digital companies they've got data at the core. So my question to you is, are you helping these sort of incumbents, you mentioned United, I'm sure there are many others that you work with, are they able to sort of transform and put data at their core, become a digitally transformed organization before somebody disrupts them? Will those, maybe not quick hits, but those focused projects, will they ultimately lead to an outcome that transforms them in the way that Jassy was sort of putting forth today? I think so. I think that's the promise of the next five years. So if I think about, when we talk about a bionic organization we talk about 30 to 50 processes that that organization will have. I mean my sense is those processes will have 50 to 60% of the components that are driven by AI or data. If you think about an incumbent today working in manual processes, legacy systems, they are going to actually move to leveraging AI and data and new ways of working to transform that legacy environment into a next gen technological environment but also ways of working and then bringing all of that together to drive a very different level of engagement with the customer, experiences with the customer, how they actually run their operations, do it much faster, reduce cycle time, and then also the data and pace of innovation. You can see today the number of new features that got released on AWS and it's all been in a year and there were like 30 of them. So how do you really drive to that level of rate and pace of innovation? We'll see all of those happening in all of these traditional industries over the next five years. And if they don't move, they're going to probably be in big trouble. They're going to be in big trouble, they're going to die. All right, guys, thanks so much for coming to theCUBE. It was great, great conversation, great to have you. Thank you. Thank you so much for the time. All right, keep it right there, everybody will be back with our next guest. We're up to this short break, Dave Vellante for Justin Warren from AWS Reinvent 2019. Right back.