Hello. We're going to give it just a minute to fill up the room. Thank you for joining us on a Friday afternoon. I love it. Welcome, welcome, welcome. All right. And forgive me, I've had high sugar intake today. Little hyped up. I'm going to put in the chat box today's links to library events, library news, links to our presenter and links to their website, their social media, and to their books in our collection, as well as a link to the YouTube recording of this. So you can watch again or share with your friends and family. Okay, we're going to give it a few more minutes. Let it fill up. Hello, everyone. All right, I'm going to get started with today's library announcements. First off, again, thank you so much for being here today on a Friday afternoon and spending some time with your public library, the San Francisco Public Library. And I want to thank Deborah Miranda for joining us today as well. And we are celebrating our November, December on the same page. Selected book, bad Indians on the same page is a bimonthly read. And the books are chosen, nominated and chosen by our readers advisory committee. This book campaign has been going on for 17 years. So we are really proud of the work we do here and we read a lot of books and we're really honored to have. Deborah Miranda and bad Indians for November and December. And you can get that book right now at your local library, or your favorite independent bookstore, or from Hay Day Books website. And we love Hay Day. We've had a lot of Hay Day authors in November and December. They're amazing partners. The San Francisco Public Library acknowledges that we occupy the limited ancestral homeland of the Ram Yutush Sholoni peoples who are the original inhabitants of the San Francisco Peninsula. We recognize that we benefit from living and working on their traditional homeland. As uninvited guests, we affirm their sovereign rights as first peoples and wish to pay our respects to the ancestors, elders, and relatives of the Ram Yutush community. And right now, if you also know what native land you're from, you can put that in the chat box. If you don't know, you can use this amazing map. And then we also have a website, I mean a resource and reading list, which has, of course, lots of books, but also lots of websites, particularly for Bay Area folks. Segurte Land Trust is one of our favorites. Women-led land right advocates. So check them out. Give them some money. Donate. It's Christmas time. Or whatever you celebrate. All right. So just some quick library updates and news. Like I said, what we have some upcoming events on Saturday. We're celebrating the 77th year of the Nutcracker. And we're doing so by having the inspired Nutcracker inspired chair dance again. We did this last year and via Zoom. And I thought it was going to be silly. And it was indeed silly, but super fun and silly. And it was really just so great to see everybody having that fun and joining together. There's also an oral history of the Nutcracker. On January 24th, we'll be celebrating our San Francisco's own Zizava Arts and Letters Journal. In operation since 1984. Amazing people. And we'll be having four authors from the issue number 122, the inter-transnational issue. So please come check that out, spend some time. And invest in San Francisco's literary community. All right. So again, without much else, I'm very excited and thankful that Deborah Miranda has agreed to be with us this fine December. And hopefully you have read the book. If not, you still have time. You can get it at all of our libraries. Like I said, on Monday evening, this coming up Monday, we'll have a book club where we can all gather and talk about the book. And Deborah will not be at the book club, but I will be. Deborah Miranda is an enrolled member of the Eloni Coastanoan Esalon Nation of the Greater Monterey Bay Area in California. Her mixed genre book, Bad Indians, a tribal memoir out on Hey Day, received the 2015 Penn Oakland Josephine Miles Literary Award, a gold medal from the Independent Publishers Association, and was shortlisted for the William Soroyan Literary Award. She is also the author of four poetry collections, Indian Cartography, The Zen of La Llorna, Raised by Humans, and Alter for Broken Things. She's the co-editor of Sovereign Erotics, a collection of two-spirit literature. Deborah lives in Lexington, Virginia with her wife, Margo, and a variety of rescue dogs. She is the Thomas H. Broaddus Jr. Professor of English, or she was, we shall say, retired at Washington and Lee University. I am so excited to have her here and be in conversation with Deborah. I'm going to stop sharing and it'll be us. Welcome, Deborah. Thank you so much, Anissa. It's a pleasure to be here. Hi, thank you so much. All right, I'm going to pull up my other document of questions. So first off, thank you. The book is amazing. It's poignant, poetic, creative, and just, it's raw, painful, very honest, just stunning. And, you know, I'll put this out here too, and I'll put some other resources in the chat box as we go along. But, you know, there could be some trigger warnings for folks. We are talking about generational trauma and abuse and genocide really, right? So please, please be warned. There could be some trigger warnings for folks. So how's retirement treating you? Start there. Let's go with the easy stuff. Easy stuff. Yes, I retired in June. I've been just kind of getting the feel here, but it's been lovely. I've been able to write a lot of poetry and do a lot of family stuff and try to sort of get my brain back. So yeah, retirement, pretty much rocks. Have you always been a poet? I would say yes. I think I started writing stories when I was seven. And by the time I was 10, I was writing poems that rhymed, of course. All right.  Tell us how you decided to really write this book and how uncovering of that generational trauma like made its way into the book. And along with that, like your research process for this and the writing process of it. All right. Let's see. In some ways this book came into being because my mother did a lot of genealogical research. And she was not Indigenous. My father was. And I think in some way, because they divorced when I was three under very traumatic circumstances, my father was incarcerated in San Quentin for five years. And my mother kind of had a nervous breakdown. Disappeared for a year. And I went to live with my aunt and uncle. And I think when she came back, she had remarried a man from Washington state and we moved up there. And so I think she always felt a little bad that she had separated me from my Indigenous family in California. And even though it was not a real organized tribe at that point, I had half sisters and aunts and uncles and a lot of cousins. And instead of growing up with them, I grew up in Washington state as always the only Indian kid in the classroom in the neighborhood, you know, whatever. And so at a certain point, my mom got really interested in genealogy and she started, she started doing research on the California mission. Part of the tribes that I was from.  You had, you know, she had to go down to the San Bruno archives. She had to go to Salt Lake city. She did this all the hard way. And now all of those mission records are online and you can pull them up from your computer at home. But she, and she tried to get me interested. I did do, I did go to some of the archives in Seattle with her. But I was pretty young. I was, you know, 20, 25 years old starting a family. And the past didn't interest me that much as much as my current life did. After my mom passed away when I was 40, that's when I inherited all of this paperwork. And she kept it all on paper. She did have it on computers, but unfortunately that computer was stolen. So I inherited all of the papers and the boxes of stuff. And they were, they were piles and piles of these boxes and I hadn't figured out a place to store them yet. So they were in our bedroom and I started having these crazy dreams. Dreams about the missions, dreams about my ancestors. And finally my wife said, you got to get these boxes out of the house. So I did, I took them to school to my office there. And that was really the start of it. I realized that there were voices that needed to be heard that I needed to listen to some of these. And I, because I'm a researcher, I started doing the background, the historical context of what happened to California Indians, mostly from the central coast down to San Diego, which was the missionized, they were called the missionized tribes. And specifically my own tribe and my own family members. And I really hit the jackpot. When I found in some of my mother's papers, copies from Isabel Meadows stories. And Isabel Meadows was a woman from the Carmel mission. Her dad was English. Her mother was from Indigenous women from the mission. And she worked with an anthropologist slash ethnologist who recorded all of her stories. And a lot of those stories were about my relatives. So I did end up going to UCLA and using their materials to read all of these stories. And started putting together the pieces because a lot of, a lot of times the way the, the stories were written down were fragmented, the stories themselves were fragmented. And I started to realize that there were patterns and that there were particular people who really stood out. And that was the beginning for me was just realizing, oh, these are, these are my relatives. These just aren't some anonymous people. I can, I can look at the family tree and see how we're connected. And that was, that was really powerful. I think I was at the right age. I was in the right state of mind. And then in addition to that, I also had some, my mom had saved some cassette tapes of my grandfather, Tom.  And I had, I had those put onto CDs so that the, because I was afraid the tapes would break and then transcribed some, my mom had already transcribed others. And realized that, you know, this, this was Tom talking about really important survival techniques. So yeah, it was a, it was a slow start for me. And then once it got started, I couldn't stop. And I realized this is my life's work.   And you know, I wish I had known it when she was still alive. She knew it. And I'm really grateful that in her will, she said, you know, my brother got all the stuff in the condo, but I got all the genealogy. She knew she knew someday I would want that stuff. Yeah. Well, she really laid the groundwork. And did she have the photos too, because the book just has some amazing photos of you and your family, as well as, you know, the other drawings and the clippings that you included, but your personal photos are just gorgeous. I love the 70s ones of you. Yes. Some of those came from my mother, some came from my dad. Some I found in the archives. And yeah, just kind of, I lucked out on a lot of them. And just, you know, I don't like to advertise Amazon too much, but this Debra's book is available on Audible and big ups for you doing the photo description in your Audible. Yes. That is so amazing. Really great. I think that just makes so accessible. So we have a family member who has macular degeneration and listens to, she listens to books on tape and all I could think about was I really want Sina to be able to at least know that these pictures are here and what might be there. You did a great job on that. Great job on that. All right. So let's, and I'm going to have a lot, a few questions, but I'm just going to kind of go on what you've said and bounce around. So I have a child in California school systems. And of course he did the fourth grade mission project, which was, you know, deep part of the curriculum here.  Right. I'm wondering, you know, I think bad Indians should be required reading and so many grade levels. I think it could, parts of it could be worked even in fourth grade. Some of the stuff that was here could be used. Can you tell us if your book has been used in any, you know, grade school up and on and the curriculum that was, you know, built around it? I don't know for sure about grade school. I do know it's been taught in some middle schools and for sure in high schools. There's a woman in Los Angeles who did a fundraiser to buy a class set. And then she ended up buying two class sets so she could keep one at school and let the students take one home. So there are quite a few high school teachers using it. There's a, I used to, oh, I have it sitting right here. There's a book called Island Visions. And it's really not about California Indians. It's about the islands, the, you know, Catalina and the islands that are off the coast. So it's more of an ecological book, but it does a great, it has a, it included, I think, three or four indigenous, California indigenous people doing various pieces. And the, the something that's not in the book, but it's called an open letter to fourth graders. Dear Sonora, sometimes I call it Dear Sierra. That got included in there. So that was, and that was written specifically for fourth graders. But I think, I don't know about, about teaching it to younger children. I think some of the material could be adapted for fourth graders. But obviously a lot of it's really raw and really difficult. Yeah. And it's not that you can't teach that stuff because we teach slavery and we teach about the Holocaust. And there are children's books about those things, but we really don't have that material yet for California Indians. I think there are a couple of different groups working on a curriculum for California Indians. And some of them are out there already, but you have to know where to look for them. Yeah. And you know, I think children are just. Children today are so savvy. They know, they know that this was so wrong and just, you know, brutal. I think it would be great. I definitely thought high school, this would just resonate so much with folks with kids today. Thank you, Deborah. And I'm just also looking at the chat and folks are like. Lovely on the audible for sure. And the book is really beautiful. You know, imagine it's just such a mix of poetry and creativity and art and it's really great. So yes, pick up the book friends. All right, let's see here. Okay, I'm going to jump to a totally different question. So as a library worker, I was charged with promoting the census 2020. I became very discouraged and disheartened at the whole process. And, you know, I was kind of pumped at first because a lot rides on the census, right? Funding and, you know, funding for people who need the funding. It drove me nuts, but especially in the Trump climate, right? So questions got changed. It's just a mess. The whole 2020 census is a mess. And it's all seemed to me to start being built on the erasure of people. I have never heard of the Kelsey census and you talk about this. Can you tell us about the Kelsey census? Sure. First of all, let me just say the census has almost always never been totally inclusive. And I say this as somebody who does genealogy research and really, I mean, the censuses can contain the most amazing information. If you're counted on the census. So those are, I'm talking about the big U.S. Census that happens every 10 years. And I've gotten a lot of good information out of them, but I've also just wanted to bring people's next because I know people were there and they weren't included. But the Kelsey census was a very specific, native census that was done at the behest of the BIA, the Bureau of Indian Affairs to or whoever it was at that point, it might not have even existed. But to find out as part of a larger context, were there still California Indians in the Carmel Monterey, Big Sur Pacific Grove area, because that was kind of where we had spread out and to get into solitude. And if there were, we were supposed to be assigned land or given a payment of some kind. So it was, and this was very, very late in the game, long after, you know, most of the genocide had happened. So long story short, the people in charge of doing the census did a really crappy job and they did not work very hard at it. There are some letters back and forth with the person doing the census, you know, saying, yeah, I went out there and looked around. I wasn't feeling very well. I didn't see any Indians. And so the upshot was that the Estlin tribe did not, was not able to have any land of our own. And became what people call a landless tribe. And they basically said there aren't enough of them left to count. They don't matter, in other words, because there's just a few of them left. And also because of missionization, or considered some kind of tame Indians, you know, because if we weren't wild Indians, then we weren't really Indians, right? Because Indians are supposed to be wild and untamed and all this stuff, but we were quote unquote, sort of civilized, right?  So yeah, just that was the census that pretty much did that big act of erasure. And then, you know, at 1900, maybe, Alfred Krober declared us the first tribe in California to become extinct. And then 20 years later, he realized he was wrong and he, you know, made it clear I was wrong. There is still a tribe and a culture left. And at that point the damage had been done. So his reassessment didn't have any effect on our legal status. So what we are now is known as a federally unrecognized tribe. And if you are not federally recognized, you don't have the right to any land. You don't have the right to Indian health services. You don't have the right to, if you're a high school student, apply for scholarships that are for Indigenous students, because you have to be a federally recognized Indigenous student to apply for those. So there's a lot of things, not to mention you can't apply for grants to do language reclamation or anything like that. So there's a lot of problems with being unrecognized. Yes. Thank you. Let's see. Maybe I'll jump to, I see there's questions already from our audience. Maybe I'll jump around and ask some audience questions at the time here. Can you talk about what was the hardest thing for you to do in writing this book? What doubts or concerns did you have as you wrote? And this is a, let's see. And how well did the editing process from finding the publisher? This is a long question. Writing process, getting your book done and satisfaction to support your work, which, you know, so I would say let's tackle that first part. It's a two-parter. Two-parter. Can you talk about what the hardest thing for you was to do in writing this book? Wow. Much of the book was written during a 10 month period when I was on sabbatical. I had gotten a fellowship at UCLA to come and research there. And so I was living in a little studio apartment in Westwood, which is where I was born. I was born at UCLA hospital. So traveling about a mile every day up to UCLA to work. I got into kind of a cave mentality where I just dove into the research and I would research and research for a couple of weeks and then I would write and write and write and then research and research and research. And the material that I was reading and finding was really traumatic. You know, it was about deaths and killings of Indians, trauma within the mission, trauma for women, for children. The difficulties of being an indigenous man. So I think reading these stories and taking them in and realizing, oh, these are my relatives. Feeling maybe for the first time in my life truly, truly connected to what had happened during the California mission genocide. And I think probably one of the stories that there are two stories that that probably hit me the hardest. One was that I kept following one man through the birth, through the baptism, baptismal records, marriage records, and then death records in the mission books. And I also found lots of material that the priests had written letters they wrote back and forth records they kept and his name kept coming up over and over again as a bad Indian. Juan Nepomacino is a bad Indian. He stole cattle. He stole from the mission stores. He did this, he did that. And then I would find, and I kept thinking, wow, he really is a bad Indian. And then I started finding in the death records, the deaths of his children, one after another, after another. And remember that the Catholic Church encouraged these people to have huge families. So women were giving birth like every year. And they were giving birth to children and only one survived. So there was this constant death happening.   And he keeps getting punished for it. That was one of those moments. And it was hard, but it was also an aha moment. Like there is something going on with this praise, bad Indians and what they're doing is actually survival. So that was really tough because it just, it just really hit me that every move they made to survive, they were thwarted. And then the second thing that was really hard was finding this thing called the interregatorio. My Spanish is terrible, but it's a, it's a list of questions that the Catholic authorities in Mexico sent up to all the missions. And the priests wrote answers. So it was like a, in a way a kind of census and things were like, how do they raise their children? What are their marriages like? Are they, do they go to church? Do they know their prayers? Do they, do they have sex? Do they masturbate? You know, all these questions that would, that got asked of these Indians during confession. And you could see the progression of violence at first. These Indians had never known corporal punishment and they had never struck their children. They had never known it and they'd never done it to their children. And so they were being flogged with a cat of nine tails for things like not speaking Spanish or leading the mission to go gather food or, you know, some very simple basic things. And they were told, you have to start disciplining your children. And they were like, we can't do that. So then the, the priests would say, well, then send them to the soldiers and the soldiers will punish them. And so the parents actually started doing this, right? And so they were like, well, they're going to punish them because they would be punished if they didn't. And eventually you can see the parents, the, the priests saying. Now the parents finally do send their children. And then, you know, now the parents are themselves punishing the children. So you have in my mind, this very clear. Kind of weird.  And the priests and then moves on to the parents saying, okay, please punish my child. I can't do it. And then finally the parents being able to do it themselves. And connecting that to the violence in my family. The whippings that my father gave his children. That was incredibly disturbing. To see where. That had started. You know, to see where we were going. You know, there was so much a part of our culture. That we had literally been taught. How to be violent with each other. Those were probably the two most difficult things in terms of writing the book, how to write that, right? How do. That's why I ended up doing things like drawing genealogies of violence. You know, there were some things I couldn't put in. To a poem or I couldn't put into an essay. It needed to be something else. I don't know what to even call them. Yeah. The relationship with your father. Super intense. Wow. And. Thank you for writing that.  When people do write about abuse in their family. I think, you know, it's triggering, but I also think that it's so liberating for people who are reading it to just. To have that connection and not feel alone because, you know, obviously. Lots of people are abused. And I just want to thank you again for writing it because I know you. It would allow people to connect just to something deeper. And that same thing. I have to say that that is. One of the main things that other California Indians talked to me about.  This is my father. This is my grandfather. This is what happened in my family. And I think. When I was writing the book and staying in California for that year, I went to a lot of native gatherings, a lot of Californian and gatherings. And I would usually read at them stuff that was pretty new and raw because I wanted to know, you know, is this okay with my community? Can you know this, some communities might think that I'm airing dirty laundry and the overwhelming response was thank you for telling this. I wish I could have said that. And there's a kind of release in that. A sense of knowing you're not alone. In a sense of. This is not something to be ashamed of. You know, we didn't make this happen. This happened to us. Why should we, why should we feel ashamed of this? Yeah.  I mean, you know, this has happened to him.  I think intergenerational trauma. But the theory of it really helped me understand my father. It didn't make me able to forgive. The kinds of violence that he visited on his wives and children. But it did allow me to understand how that came into the world. And that's something that's a big something. So now people and folks are like looking at an educating and working even in a work environment are looking at more like dealing with life and work in a trauma kind of informed lens. And as SEL, the social emotional learning approach. What do you think of all of those? Well, you know, there's a great book out there called therapeutic nations. By Diane million, who's at the Baskin and a professor at the University of Washington. And she takes on the idea of intergenerational trauma and that social emotional kind of. Gestalt and the idea of therapy, right? And one of the things that she says is that it's really historical trauma theory is really important because it helps us make those connections and see why what happened happened. But it's also really important to know that. Most of the time, if we go to therapy, we're getting therapy with a European. American. Culture behind it. And indigenous people have our own ways of coping and healing and processing. And that it's really important not to medical eyes. Trauma that it's it is something that is very much in the felt experience. So I think it's really, I think it is really crucial that we acknowledge that emotional. Trauma is information. It's knowledge. It's a way of knowing the world. And that there are indigenous responses to that. I personally have been in therapy with a wonderful therapist for about eight years. He's not indigenous. But he is incredible because he gets that he gets that it's the emotional component. So yeah, that's I think it's really important, but I also think it's important not to fall into the.  You know, funding or whatever. It's much more, we need much more than that. And a lot of it means we need to reconnect with ourselves, each other and our culture. Thank you. Thank you. Can I also talk about that second half of that question? Sure. I probably had the best experience that any author could ever have with heyday. When I was working on this book, I was in touch with Malcolm Margolin, who was then the publisher. Yeah. Malcolm. He is the man. And at a certain point I sent it to him and he wrote back and he said, you know, some of this stuff is pretty good, but a lot of it feels like it's just straight off your blog. It's not a book yet. Keep working on it. And I was like, okay, you know, I'm kind of crushed, but at the same time encouraged. And so I worked on it for another year. And I sent it first to another big university publisher. And they had it for a year and didn't do anything. I kept bugging them and bugging them.  I went straight back to heyday with my big polished manuscript, which I had laid out. I literally did the layout myself because I knew exactly where I wanted every picture, every graphic, everything. And I said, here it is. And Malcolm was like, oh my God. And everyone at heyday read that manuscript. Everyone, not just the editors, not just the designers, the people who did the shipping of books. I mean, this manuscript made the rounds. And I got so much great feedback and so much support and so much guidance because this was my first big book. And when I literally walked in the door at heyday later, everybody knew me. It was amazing. So it was a rough start. And I knew that it would be because even as I was starting to write this book and I saw all the different things I was putting in it, how it was multi, you know, different genres.  So I found the best home. And I have to say that heyday has already contacted me about a 10th anniversary edition of the book as the 10th anniversary is coming up. And we're going to expand it a little bit. And I'm going to add something in the, you know, an afterward. And they're just amazing. So yeah, when you find the right publisher, it feels so good. Yes, I can't say enough about heyday either. I mean, I just, they're such amazing library supporters. And I had that opportunity to meet Malcolm. I was a huge fan girl. He's just, he's an amazing human being. And heyday is just, it's fair they do such amazing work. We recently had Tony Platt out on his book, Grave Matters on the re-release of that book. And, you know, when I read about in your book, the Smithsonian collector, you know, I would thought about Tony a lot and just how the deep, deep hoarding that Berkeley does, does with Indian remains. Yeah. Intense, just intense. And just like the, the, I mean, when you talk about the, I'm blanking on the Smithsonian guy, JP. Harrington. Yes. It just felt like, you know, he has this right. Just this official right to be collecting on behalf of the Smithsonian. So terrible. So tragic. And how many remains are sitting in, in Berkeley and all over, you know, in institutions all over the place. Okay. There's some more questions coming in from our friends. Let's, um, let's ask their questions instead of mine. Let's see. Of course there's people who want you to read and yes, Deborah is going to read. Okay. So. Be rest assured. Um, we have an interesting question in the Q and a function, which we sort of talked about prior to us opening, which is, um, what do you, what's your reaction to our land acknowledgement? Oh, interesting. Cause we did have a discussion about that. Um, I recommend to everyone this, I'm going to put it back in the chat again. Um, I'm going to start with this video by catch a wrestling Baldy, um, which is, um, a really great discussion and teaching lesson on how to do. A land acknowledgement. In a way that makes it meaningful and. Effects change. Which I think most of us don't think about.  Even just the, the name acknowledgement, I don't think we're on this land. People are still on this land. But the way that Kacha teaches it, um, you try to take, you try to take that opportunity. Not only are you acknowledging the land, but you're acknowledging that there's work to do. And that all of us can help with that work. And she discusses how she pauses. When she gives a land acknowledgement and she previously has researched something that might be important to the tribal people on the land that she is speaking on.  Um, let's take five minutes. I'm going to give you a website. Everybody go there and donate. Um, everybody go there and, you know, sign this petition. Um, she finds something, some kind of action that people can take and she gives them time to do it. And she will just wait. She was just looking at my watch. I'm just waiting for five minutes. I'm just waiting for five minutes. Have you all done it yet? Um, and I really love that. And I have tried to emulate that whenever possible. So, um, I think that's probably one thing that you could improve on with your land acknowledgement is maybe every time you give it, you find a different thing that people can go and support or read or learn about. So, yeah, um, I think land acknowledgements can become performative pretty quickly. And I also think there's a great anecdote for that, which is find something, find an action to take and pass it on. Thank you. The audience. Yeah. Well, thank you. Yeah. And you know, I'll be first to make it does, you know, I do these YouTube zoom things a lot. Um, it is easy to jump into being performative. So thank you so much for that advice. And I will definitely watch that. So let's see. Um, we have a couple more questions in the crowd. I like this method. Um, you've already spoken so beautifully about the emotional landscape of the archive and it's many complex effects. But can you speak a little more about the political potentials of the archive? In other words, what does the archive do or what might be done with the archive, especially marginalized scholars given how much historical harm the archives have been complicit in. That's a great question. It really is. It's complex because I think that this person is absolutely right that the archives have been used as a way to erase or to discredit or to misrepresent indigenous. History, cultures and people. And yet what I found was that it can also work otherwise when there is an indigenous person doing that research. And bringing in other kinds of research for context. So when you contextualize what you find in the archives, for example, when you realize that one, Nipah Masano is constantly being punished because he's trying to feed his starving children because the mission is not able to provide enough food because they are causing women to have too many children, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. Then you begin to create a story that is much more expansive, tells much more truth. And also like we were saying earlier gets to an emotional core that is often missing from the voices in the archive, the white historians who create most of this material. A lot of times the archives speak about indigenous peoples as if we didn't have any emotions, as if we were somehow a kind of so primitive that we didn't have nerve endings, you know, as if 50 lashes wouldn't totally wipe somebody out and cause them to get infected and die, right? And not to mention the emotional trauma of seeing that happen to your loved one or being the person that it happened to. So one of the things that I think indigenous researchers can bring to those archives is that emotional content that is also has as a foundation our own sort of felt experience of what has happened in our own families and our own communities. So it's a really complex question and one that I really wrestled with when I was doing this research because I had thought when I did this, when I did this book, I was thinking this was going to be the scholarly book that would give me tenure, you know, and then all of this other stuff started to come out and I thought, holy crap, this is not quote unquote scholarly, but I couldn't stop writing it because it was so powerful. And that's when I began to realize that the archives could work for me instead of against me because instead of just gushing and feeling really emotional and saying this was horrible and blah, blah, blah, it's really toxic, it's really traumatic, I could actually say, oh, let's look at these horrible traumatic episodes and talk about the context to them and talk about, you know, intergenerational trauma and give it the kind of presentation that was actually informative instead of just dry history that was really destructive to Indigenous people. So, and I don't think that Indigenous people are the only ones who can do this, but I do think that we come from a particular place that makes that really possible. I think you're muted. Thank you. You mentioned, yes, that it's not 100% scholarly and your work, your writing, there's just some sentences that you have that are just so stunningly written and beautiful and I'd love to read one right now. This is you talking about your brother Al and you and you say, we were like young green plants that could never take the root we desired straight up towards the sun, but grew bent and gnarled, controlled with the effort of evading an obstacle that kept moving. That is so beautiful. It's stunning that you put this in an academic book, right, and the mix of poetry and that kind of writing just makes it like I almost want to cry right now. You know, I know I've made this comparison in my mind before, but I've never hearing somebody else read that makes me realize that that's also, I mean, that could be an Indigenous voice from the missions speaking as well. And that is the kind of resonance that I see between what happened in the 17 and early 1800s and what was happening to me and my brother in the 1970s, right, like 100, 200 years later. This is still the same thing, right. And it was like our trailer was another kind of mission. And our father was another kind of oppressor and yet he was one of us too. And that's where the real emotional damage happens. Yeah, yeah. So I think my training as a poet served me well. But even then there were times when words just didn't work and I resorted to drawings and designs and, you know, different things than I had ever done before because there are some things you just can't say with language. Yeah, I'm intrigued still by the language and your journaling and how you use that as like a piece of therapy for yourself. How much of your journaling is included in this book that you did like prior to your other works towards prior to like sovereign erotic and all of that. Is that included in bad Indians? I think a lot of things in bad Indians started as journaling. I would be in that little studio with all of this research in my head and all of this genealogy and all of this information and all of these feelings. And I would just sit down and start to write about it. And something that started out as a journal, me trying to figure out, you know, what can I do with this material? This is a crazy story. And then I would start bringing in all the material that I had and eventually I would switch to, okay, now I know what I'm going to write. I move away from the journal and I start creating the piece. Excuse me. So yes, I think a lot of stuff started in journals. That's pretty much where I do all of my thinking. It's a great spot. It's a great place to just kind of sort out and sort through. A lot of material. Thank you, Deborah. I think we should allow you some reading time. That's what folks are also wanting. So, okay, let's turn it over and I'm going to mute myself. Okay. So I had a couple that I wanted to read because they're both pretty short. And that, yeah, so I can find this little one. No matter how many times I read from this book, I never know exactly where something is. There we go. All right. So this one is called lies my ancestors told for me. And this did come right out of research and out of family history out of oral stories from my grandfather, my dad and my sister's. When is a lie the truth? When is the truth a lie? When a lie saves your life. That's true. When a lie saves the lives of your children, grandchildren and five generations forward. That's truth in a form so pure. It can't be anything but a story. After the mission broke up.   Say you are Mexican, Mexican, Mexican, Mexican, put it on the birth certificates, put it on the death certificates. Tell it to the census takers. Tell it to the self appointed bounty hunters who appear at your door looking for Indians, Indians, Indians. And when you tell that lie. Tell it in Spanish. In Spanish. In Spanish by María Ignacia Dolores Faustino, lies that deflect genocide. So tell them loudly at the baptismal font in the old mission to the Indian agent, collecting bodies for the boarding school at Riverside, broadcast the names in the street like wheat when you call your Mexican children in at dusk for a bite of a coin mush. like a poor white woman, in other words, a Mexican, where their heavy aprons, high-necked Muslim dresses, and shoes, shoes, shoes, shoes.  What are you, an Indian, and stand silent, approving when Digger becomes their favorite slur to hurl at the youngest, the awkward, the slow, the dark.   Grandfathers lie about where you're going when you slip out at night in your dancing clothes, from the hiding place, drive up unlit roads to a rancheria in the hills where clappers and rattles whisper the truth and bear Indian feet beat against the earth, beat, beat, beat like children begging to be lit back inside. Don't teach old songs to your grandchildren. Don't make the regalia in front of them. Don't dance where young eyes might see. Sing the alavada where the priests can hear hum the dear song when they can't. Drag your feet in the dust. Buy a tie for Sundays. Tell the lies now and maybe later your descendants will dig for the truth in libraries, field notes, museums, wax cylinder recordings, newspaper reports of massacres and relocations, clues you left behind when you forgot to lie, lie, lie, lie. And then my last one is one that I wrote at UC Berkeley at the Breath of Life conference, which is a conference for reawakening California tribal languages. It's called Teahami Acheska giving honor for my sister Louise and the Breath of Life conference. I feel you in my blood. In my bones, my gut, my teeth. You rise all around. Return like a lover. My basket, carry me. My ocean, bathe me. I am your hummingbird.  I feel you in my head. My hands, my feet. We dance on the cliff of the world. I feel you in my spine. My throat, my womb.  I am the rain. It is true. It is true. It is true. My language, our language. Thank you. Oh, that was beautiful. Thank you so much. Friends, we are almost out of time, but you have, you have any final questions for Deborah? Now is the time. And I do see the amazing and beloved Malcolm Margolin in the audience. So thank you, Malcolm, for being here. All right. And the love comes in. Friends, Deborah, thank you so much. We appreciate you being our on the same page author for November and December. Come by on Monday. We can check. We can talk about the book.  Deborah will not be at the book club, friends. But friends, library community, come to the book club. We'll discuss the book. It has been an honor, Anisa, and thank you so much for making this happen and giving bad Indians another place in the world. We're going to look forward to that 10th anniversary edition as well. Yeah, me too. All right, friends, big round library community. As always, we love you and thank you and appreciate you being here. Thank you, Deborah.


Hi, this is Dr. Don. I have a problem out of Chapter 5, Section 4, on sampling distributions. This one is about a sampling proportion. And the problem says, according to a recent poll, 68% of adults have used the internet to download music, and a random sample of N equals 750 let p hat represent proportion who pay to download music. The first question is, fine, the mean of the sampling distribution p hat, well, in these, the mean of that sampling distribution is just equal to the sampling proportion, which in this case is 0.68. To find the standard deviation of the sampling distribution, sigma sub p hat, and to answer these other questions, we're going to do that using Excel. Okay, I have an Excel spreadsheet that I've already worked on here, and I'll walk you through how it's constructed. In my Excel spreadsheets, or my, I call them sometimes my Excel calculators, things that are in blue are data inputs. Things that are in white are yellow, pickly yellow, are outputs which are calculated from the inputs using formulas. So here you can see I entered the N, which for this case is 750, and our p is 0.68. And I'm looking down here, we're going to check out two limits on p hat 0.75 and 0.57. So I'm going to enter those. Now I've added some additional values there, I call them x's, x1 through x4, just to show you something additional that is not in this particular problem, but you may see in a problem down the line, so I wanted you to have a tool for that. Okay, we have to use some formulas here. The expected value, which is the mean of the sampling distribution of a proportion, p hat, is just equal to the proportion that we were given, which in this case is 0.68. And down here in my yellow area, I've got that the expected value of p hat is equal to 0.68, and you can see there the formula is just equal b2 up there. I like to figure or calculate q, which is 1 minus p, and I've done that in that cell there, 1 minus p is equal to 1 minus b2. So our sigma sub p hat, using this formula, and again, 1 minus p is just q. So it would be equal to the square root of b2, which is our p times q, 0.32, divided by n, which is b1, and take it the square root of that whole thing, gives me a sigma sub p hat of 0.17. Okay, let's go back over here, and they asked a question about the central limit theorem, and that's the key to this. When you're dealing with proportions, and on most of the problems you'll run into, when you're given a proportion, you use the binomial distribution to model it. But in this case, they want us to model it using what is known as a normal approximation to the binomial. I don't know if your book says that, but that's what we're doing here. And the reason we can do that is because the central limit theorem says, as n goes large, the shape of the sampling distribution will approach normal, or will be approximately normal. And generally we say if n is greater than 30, then the distribution is approximately normal. Here we've got 750, so the central limit theorem says as the sample size grows large, the sampling distribution of the proportion p hat will become approximately normal. So that allows us to use the normal distribution to solve the two final problems. Calculate the probability that p hat is less than 0.75, and the probability that p hat is greater than 0.57. Over here in my Excel spreadsheet, I put the first cell there, the probability of p hat less than or equal to x1, x1 is 0.75. And we get that answer using the norm.dis function. And the norm.dis function uses these inputs, the x value, the mean mu, and the sigma for whatever the means are mused. In this case, our mean is our expected value and our sigma is our sigma sub x hat. And that's what I've got here. The norm distribution of b3, b9, b10, b3 is x1. B9 is our expected value, which is the mean, and b10 is sigma sub x hat. The final parameter is true, which means we want the cumulative probability from the left infinity all the way up to that point. And so we just put that formula in. In this case, it tells us that the probability is approximately one, that more than likely the sampling proportion is going to be less than 0.75. The other question is the probability of greater than x2, x2 being 0.57. In this case, we want to the right end of the probability distribution, the normal distribution, so we use a one minus. We subtract that left tail from the overall distribution to get the right tail. But again, this is so extreme that it's approximately one. The last thing I did there, which this question doesn't ask for, is if you were asked what is the probability of p hat being in a range between two values of x. In this case, I just picked out 0.59 to 0.62. And there you just subtract the two normal distribution values. Normal distribution of the 0.62 minus the normal distribution of the 0.59 gives you the area between 0.002. So that's how you do this using Excel.


So, already feeling inspired, then let's have a look at your creative task of the week. Ta-da! Creative task of the week. You might already guess what's up, or maybe you don't. This week's task is all about getting inspired, but also about inspiring others. You've seen the different approaches by our guest lecturers.  Pick out 1-3 works of art, literature, film, game, TV, a website or else and tell us what's so special about it that you think it might help inspire somebody else anywhere on this planet. If you don't want to be in this video, and don't want us to know where you're from or who you are, that's totally fine as well, then please make it just about your piece of inspiration. Upload your video on YouTube, Vimeo or any other video platform and include story mook in its title, so it can easily be found. In order to share it with a who community, please look at our instructions below this video and I'm really very much looking forward to the results. Have fun inspiring!


A strategic partnership between China and Australia has been hailed a foreign policy high point for Prime Minister Julia Gillard, but A&U Professor Hugh White from the Strategic and Defence Study Centre is not so sure. He believes China agreed to the arrangement not necessarily because of a high regard for Australia, but rather to serve its own interests. Well, I think China was concerned at the way in which over the last few years and particularly in the wake of the Obama visit to Australia in November 2011 and the marines in Darwin, Australia had appeared to be swinging towards America in America's increasingly sort of assertive position in Asia that pivoted and all of that. And I think what the US, what China was trying to do was to find a way to pull Australia back. And so to ask the question I think to ask about what happened in Beijing during Gillard's visit was why did China do this? And I think China did it very much as a ploy in moving Australia back from its close along with the United States closer towards China. I don't think China will ever be the kind of ally to Australia that the United States has been. And I don't think it would be a mistake to imagine the future of the Chinese relationship in those terms. I think the challenge for us though is that we in Australia have grown up thinking of the US alliance, the US relationship as kind of a natural model for a strong relationship with a strong power. But that's not going to be the case anymore. China is a different kind of power. And we in Australia have never dealt with a country as strong as China is today, as important as China is today to Australia, which is not an ally, which is not a country we've appeared to trust our security to, which is what we've done with America, what we've done with the UK for that. So I think when we think about what the relationship with China is going to look like, we need to clear our mind of all of our past experience and think of something completely different. The thing is with the term and the shape of Australia's future relationship with China more than anything else is how China's relationship with the United States evolves. And if the US-China relationship evolves peacefully in a stable and cooperative way, they'll always be competitors of course, but if they manage their competition down and they manage their cooperation up, then there's no reason why Australia shouldn't develop a relationship with China, which just keeps, which looks a bit like the way the relationship's developed over the last few years, but just keeps on getting bigger as China gets bigger. But if the US-China relationship becomes more competitive, if it becomes more a relationship with a strategic rival, then Australia is going to find it increasingly difficult to develop the kind of relationship we've now been dealing with China and maintain the kind of a United States. And so we're going to be forced to make some choices about how those relationships unfold. Now, the problem frustrating the phone is that we're pretending that's not happening. But in reality, the trend in the US-China relationship is much more like the second scenario I sketched than what we're seeing as a very steady, a very significant, very worrying increase in strategic rivalries, the foundation for the US-China relationship. And that's why I think when I look at what happened during the Chinese-China visit to Beijing, I don't ask myself, what does this mean in the bilateral Australia-China sense? It's how does this play into the triangular Canberra, Beijing, Washington situation? And in that case, I think this is Australia being pulled China's way. I think the question to ask is, what do they think in Washington? They don't like it precisely because Barack Obama came to Canberra. He gave his big speech about China in Canberra, precisely because to the Americans, it has become very important that Australia strongly support their position in the Western Pacific as the dominant power. They've noticed how over the last decade our relationship with China was growing. They're worried that that's meant that Australia has started to swing China's way. They see the relationship with China as an American country and they've wanted to pull Australia back. But if we just keep going to Beijing and saying, nice things to Beijing at the Washington and saying nice things to Washington, we're just going to end up being bounced back with support and pleasing neither of them will damage both relationships. So I think this is a way too naive a way of approaching this terribly challenging diplomatic task that Australia faces. I mean, at one level, I kind of sympathize with Gillard's predicament. She's dealing with a problem, the complexity of which no Australian Prime Minister has ever had to deal with before because we've never dealt with a country as powerful as China before in Asia. China is more powerful, relative to Australia, relative to the United States, relative to the rest of the world than any Asian power has ever been since Europeans out of Australia. We haven't dealt with a country like this before. It's more powerful relative to the United States than any country has been since the United States took over as the world's biggest economy in the 1880s. America's never dealt with a country like China. So this is all new territory for us and new territory for her, but I don't think she got it right so far.


My name is David Ragland and my doctorate is in philosophy of education and I focus on the philosophy of peace education. Recently I've been looking at the actual concepts of negative and positive peace, and negative peace being the absence of war and positive peace being the presence of justice and elimination of structural violence. And some of the issues with that in my research is that negative peace and positive peace was meant more to be a metaphor of the complexity of the concept of peace. And so we were looking at the concept of stable peace by Kenneth Bolding and sort of finding out or thinking that peace is more of a process and a system as opposed to some condition, which I don't think Bolding necessarily meant but we become stuck in that dualism of negative and positive. And so I spent a lot of time thinking about that and saw that Betty Reardon had conceptualized or worked on that concept of stable peace and suggested that the concept of foundational peace, which is creating a foundation for a more organic peace, which is evolving and taking account the human experience is actually more consistent with an approach to justice that is connected with human dignity. And we also found that or affirmed that negative and positive dualism or those conceptions of negative and positive peace might be connected to a social contract tradition, which is problematic. And so I'm kind of thinking about, you know, putting the question out there, should we be reconceptualizing our view of peace or the concept of peace as foundational and organic as opposed to in a process as opposed to the way we view it as a condition.


Aloha, this is John Kanching. Welcome to another version of Hospitality of Hawaii, where every two weeks I have an opportunity to speak with executives, leaders, and various individuals who are associated or deeply engaged in the visitor industry to talk about trends, what's been going on, and just hear their thoughts, recommendations, and what's going on in their particular organizations and how they feel about the industry overall. It's been about four months, I believe, since my first interview or first show with Jay, the one of the executives at ThinkDec, Hawaii. And since then, I've had a number of different guests on the program, including hotel executives, transportation, airlines, technology experts, various individuals that are associated with organizations and causes that are affiliated with the industry and very important, including hospitality sales and marketing executives international, as well as Climb High with Julie Morikawa that does a fabulous job with preparing high school students with opportunities not only in the hospitality and visitor industry, but she's now connecting with all types of businesses around the state. So thank you if you've listened before and if you're a new viewer, we appreciate any comments and feedback that you have. So actually today, I thought I'd do something a little bit different rather than having a guest and having him or her speak about their particular organization and what keeps them up at night. I thought what we do now that it's been about four months and there's been so much happening in our visitor industry over the last probably the last two months, especially, I thought I'd take a little step back, review some of the trends and reports that the Hawaii Tourism Authority has put out, you know, more for, you know, food for thought. I think if you're actually engaged in the visitor industry and especially in the hotel side, where it's clearly report analytics driven, you have probably seen most of these reports that I'm talking about. But if not, if you're not at that particular area where you're engaged with a lot of those meetings, then chances are, you know, most times you might have seen some of the information that I'm about to share with you on the news or maybe in the newspaper. So we've got little less than 30 minutes. So why don't we get started? We actually have quite a bit to get started with. And with that, I'd like to ask Eric if he can pull up some of the information. And this is a recap that I believe the Hawaii Tourism Authority sent out recently, which talked about hotel performance for the month of June. Okay, so basically, I mean, it's saying that, you know, the Hawaii industry has done really, really well. You know, for this first six months, I mean, it's somewhat deceiving because obviously January, February, or March were not that great. So yeah, it's been pretty amazing that the, and part in that that I'm looking so closely here, because I'm actually trying to see this, you know, according to the Hawaii Hotel Performance Report, which is published by the HTA, so the statewide rev par in June of 2021. And this is where all hotels across the state, I believe they actually had 138 properties that reported with about 45,000 room nights or rooms, which is about 83% of all the lodging properties in the state, with at least 20 rooms or more. And it excludes vacation rental and timeshare properties. They're not included in this particular survey. But it's really interesting, it shows that the rev par or the revenue per available room in June of 2021 was $247, which obviously was a huge increase over 2020. But actually was a, so it was a, let's see, hang on a second. And the ADR was $327, 127% over 2020, and occupancy was 77%, which was obviously a huge percentage occupancy gain over 2020. But when you talk about comparison against 2019, which is the real measurement, the ADR or the average daily rate was actually 14.2% higher, which is pretty amazing. Now occupancy was still a little bit lower, down 6.9% from 2019. But again, we're talking about no Japanese visitors and so forth. In short, hotels have been doing very, very well. And it's going to be really interesting as you move forward into the next order. Because from the spring break, hotels did really well, and generally speaking, it caught the hotel by surprise. But then as May continued on very strong, the summer continued on strong, and then July, even though the July results are not in, but all the hotel people that I've been speaking to, they have been doing tremendously well, running in the 90% occupancies. I was speaking to someone at Sheridan Waikiki a couple days ago, and they were near capacity as much as they could possibly be. I know even some of the Cuccio properties are doing very, very well, running either 100% or in the high 90s as well. So that's terrific news. So why don't we segue to the next document, Eric? And really, this one talks about the air seats that are coming in, because clearly, we're a destination that you can't drive to. So the number of air seats that we have is clearly tremendously important for us. So Eric, could you pull that document up? So this one here, you can see as a kind of a summary of the number of air seats into the state for the period of July of 2021, all the way through September of 2021. So this is a forecast provided by the various airlines with regard to how many seats they expect will be in the market. So I'm not going to go month by month, but if you look at the total for that Q3 period, and this is comparing 2021 against 2019, you can see up on the top here, the number of seats is actually for the entire state, it's actually down a little bit because of the drop in the international flight. But if you look at the domestic market, I believe that the 28% increase in the number of air seats coming to the entire state, then when you look at each island as you continue on the spreadsheet to the right, you see Honolulu 22.7, Maui huge increase at nearly 33%, Big Island even larger at 46%, and then so on and so forth, but clearly tremendous. And you look at where most of that growth is coming from, it's coming from seats that are originating from flights coming from the West Coast. No surprise that I think I read something like 50 some odd, 56% of our business comes from the West Coast. And if you could leave that spreadsheet on, Eric. And now if you look toward the middle of that spreadsheet, you see the US East, now the US East, the number of seats that have grown statewide from 2021 over 2019 is in the 30% range, Honolulu 23%, Maui nearly 30% and so forth. Scrolling a little bit further down, you can see where the decrease is. And again, no surprise, if you look at the international markets 2021 in the third quarter of this year is going to continue to suffer. I believe statewide that's a 85% decrease from 2019 and in Honolulu it's about the same. The big number of that is Japanese. The Japanese amount of seats are in the third quarter of this year is going to be about 92% less to Honolulu than it was the same time. And then, correspondingly, you look at the decrease in seats from Canada, other Asia, which would be primarily Korea and China, and then Oceania because clearly, Australia, New Zealand are continuing to have their share of challenges. So it's going to be interesting to see as we look at the air seat projection for Q4. But speaking to some of the Japanese counterparts, they're saying that they expect airline seats to increase for the October to January period. I think a lot is going to happen or a lot of what's going to happen relative to the fourth quarter of 2021. It's going to be what happens as Japan moves through the Olympics. You hear about some of the athletes having issues. You hear about Japanese citizens feeling that they did not want the Olympics in there and being very concerned. The good news is that the number of vaccinated individuals in Japan seems to have been growing pretty steadily. I think about two weeks ago or so it was about at the 18% range. And now I think it's well over 20%, maybe hitting the 25% to 27% range. So it's growing steadily. And as of today, July 26, Japanese travelers will be able to apply for the vaccination passport. And the vaccination passport, if they're fully vaccinated will allow them to travel abroad and not have to quarantine for 14 days when they return to from whatever destination they go to. So I know today is the first day that they can actually apply for the vaccination passport. When it might manifest itself, when people start traveling, kind of remains to be seen. And again, with the number of vaccinated individuals in Japan still in the 20-some odd percent, we'll see. We'll see what happens there. So more to come with that. Kind of in summary, hotel performance continues to be very strong through the month of June. And from what I understand, the projections for the balance of July into August and September are actually looking pretty strong. As we move a little bit forward, we'll talk a little bit about some of the travel agency booking trends as provided by the Hawaii Tourism Authority in conjunction with, I believe, global travel and research that they've contracted with to provide this information. So we're not going to go through the entire thing, but this is kind of an overview. So Globe Agency has been contracted to do this information. So if you could move forward to the next one, Eric. So this is an interesting one. So I decided to just talk about this particular quarter. And we're not going to go month by month. But when you look at the travel agency booking for future arrivals, so you can see the blue being 19, obviously the green, where it's very low was 2020 and the red being 2021. So July, this is for statewide, all market segments, again, not having virtually any international visitors travel agency bookings for future arrivals. And again, this was done probably in the month of May and June. You saw July numbers are not that far down from July of 19. But then when you look in August, August is actually getting a little bit closer. And the good news is that September, as of this point, when this particular report was done, the future bookings across all market segments for the month of September was actually higher at this point than it was in 2019. Now, if you could go down, and I believe that, because now this is the US only US market. Again, good news, you can see how September is pacing, pretty good. And if you look in the side on the further right, I think part of it might be blocked with the think tech logo out there. But the good news is that you see advanced bookings for 2022, which is in the yellow for Q1 of 2022. Advanced bookings from the US right now are higher than they were in 2020 and 2021. It does not compare it against 19, though. So that's, that'll be kind of interesting to see once we get into a, I believe once we get into a later period, the Hawaii tourism authority should probably request that comparison because clearly comparison against 2020 Q1 and 2021 Q1 would not be good because 2021 Q1 was still, we were still in the midst of the pandemic. Next slide, Eric. So this is the island of Oahu. Island of Oahu done very well in July, as you can see the in the 2021 numbers are actually higher than it was in 2019. And again, you know, without any international visitors and same thing in August, August is higher and September is higher. So great news. It's going to continue doing very, very well. Okay. Now this one shows Japan, Canada, Korea, as you can see those numbers in red for 2021 are very, very soft and they'll continue to be so for quite a while. So let's move to the next island. So Maui, I'm sure, you know, most of you have read and heard segments and news about how Maui residents feel overrun by tourism on a highway. You know, some concern because it's blocked off for emergency vehicles have difficult time getting through because of the all the rental cars and other vehicles parked on the side of the road. You can see Maui, Maui did not as good in July as they had in 2019, but doing very, very well in the U.S. market overall in August and September. As I stated before, I mean, this shows great advance booking for the month of September, which always seems to kind of take a little drop. So the next island. Yeah, next island, the island of Kauai. And again, similar. Definitely picking up steam as we go through August and then September showing, showing increases from 2019. And then the last island should probably be the big island. Yeah. So we're not actually going to go through Lanai and Molokai. I mean, they're showing similar trends, good numbers compared to 2019 and even to September, but the numbers are very small. So you see the big island. The big island is actually kind of interesting. The big island in August lagging a little bit because, you know, it was a popular destination for Japanese because Japan Airlines had those direct flights from Tokyo into the big island, especially on the Kona and Kohalakos, but they're doing very well in the month of September. So terrific news.  The question is, you know, will it continue in Q4 in October to December? And that's interesting. So it brings me to a couple of thoughts. And, you know, just in speaking with different members of, you know, they're working in different hotels and different attractions and different organizations that while hotels are busy, they're certainly not back up to full staff. And part of it is the fact that you have waiters, waitresses, and maybe some of the lower paying positions that are choosing not to go back to work right at this time because you've still got the unemployment and the, I believe, the federal $300 subsidy until, I think, maybe the first or second week of September. And maybe now they make more money not working versus, you know, working and getting paid less. So I know attractions, restaurants, hotels are suffering as a result of that, but also to, it's clearly clear that some of these organizations, hotels and companies are withholding from bringing back their full staff. Now's a great time. My profit margins are probably better than ever or better than they have been for quite a while. And understandably, the hotels and owners need to recoup some of the revenue and profits that they may have definitely lost towards the ending of 19 and pretty much all the way through 20, and probably the first three or four months of 2021. Clearly no shortage of management level positions of people that want to go back to work, but they're not being called back to work because, you know, again, the desire to keep you know, labor costs as low as possible and maximize. It'll be interesting to see as you move forward, how long can the current staff maintain the level of work and stress that they're currently going through. I know for a fact that you've got a lot of management people who are, you know, working long hours, doing a lot of different jobs that they might not otherwise have been tasked with. So it'll be interesting to see. Just yesterday, there was a, or the day before, there was a loud demonstration in front of the modern and the Ilikai hotels, because the union are contending that the modern and possibly the Ilikai are running at nearly full occupancy, but have chosen not to bring back many of their housekeepers and not to bring back full service. I know there was an article in the paper about that. So it's going to be really interesting to see as the months go by, where's that tipping point where hotel managers, hotel owners need to start bringing back more staff to provide the level of service that we're known for. I mean, room rates are, as I talked about a little bit earlier, room rates are clearly well surpassing 2020 and they're getting close, if not equal to, or maybe in some cases a little bit higher than they were in 2019. So maybe it's about time that we bring back that nightly cleaning or the daily cleaning for all the guest rooms and some of the other services that may have been cut and not brought back totally in full since the hotels have reopened. And for the most part, I believe that most hotels are open, either 100% capacity or if not 100%, they're pretty close to it. So Eric, why don't we go to the Hawaii Tourism Japan section? So I wanted to share this information. So although we're still struggling with Japan market, I think everyone who's involved with the Japanese market that includes all the attractions, the hotels, the Japanese tour operators themselves, transportation companies, airlines, they're all clearly looking forward to when that market will come back strong and robust again. And I think everyone believes that once Japan gets their vaccination level up to a certain period where they feel more comfortable with maybe reducing the 14-day vaccination period down to maybe 10 days or seven days, or more people get the vaccination and they apply for that vaccination passport program, which allows them to bypass that quarantine upon return. I think everyone feels that that Japanese market is going to come back very strong and heavy as we move forward. So we're looking forward to that. And so as part of the thing, I wanted to share this information that Hawaii Tourism Japan puts out. They had a partners meeting and they shared this particular deck. Now this is not by any means the entire deck, but it is a portion of that. Can you put that up on the screen? Great. So I talked a little bit about the vaccination passport program. So currently right now, this is what you have. Obviously, the 14-day quarantine and then upon your entry into Japan, you have to have that PCR test. So now as we move forward, you can go to the next slide here. So this is how the Hawaii Tourism Japan kind of looks at that. They say, hey, right now, we're in that period where people are starting to get vaccinated as we move towards the later fall. The goal is that obviously a greater number of people get vaccinated. And then we're able to kind of get back to business to semi-normal. And let's go to the next slide. So this was an interesting slide here that Hawaii has always been the most popular overseas destination for Japanese traveling overseas. Now Guam, Saipan, Okinawa are the most popular short-term destination for Japanese. And Korea and China have always been important as well. But from an overseas standpoint, Hawaii is clearly the most important destination. So when we look at this here, this particular agency, Sky Scanner, in the first six months of the year, and this is the number of search, the volume of search that Japanese consumers did, I mean, in 2021, Hawaii made a big jump from being the sixth most searched destination worldwide to now the number one. And it's probably because Hawaii in general has done a terrific job relative to the controlling, the spread of COVID, the number of people that have been vaccinated. While we may or may not get to that 70% level, which Governor Ige wants to, we have ramped up to that 50 and 60 some odd percentage very quickly. And for the most part, anyone who wants to be vaccinated has pretty much been vaccinated already. Now it's a matter of getting some of the others who have not been vaccinated, vaccinated. So while frustrating, the news boasts well for not only the domestic market, but even for the Japan market, the one that continues to be a point of frustration for many is, it's what's happening in Oceania. Oceania has been a very, very strong source market for Hawaii, in terms of the Australians loving Hawaii and also staying for a long time. They have a longer length of stay than almost any other destination, except maybe Europeans. Canada is looking better. I know Canada and the US have opened up some of their borders on a limited basis, but I think it's just a matter of time before Canada opens up again. And Japan will. So all in all, I apologize because not being able to to be able to view some of those presentations is clearly as I would like to, but I hope this is able to share some of the update on what's been happening in the industry, especially over the last couple of months. So all looks great. I know we've got some growing pains with resident concerns about too many people crowded restaurants can't get in street being crowded or something. But but again, we're going through growing pains. Things happened a lot sooner than or a lot quicker than we all expected. But but hopefully in the next few months and as we work to the end of the year, things work out very good. So I hope you found that interesting. Stay tuned for two weeks from now when we have another guest. And my my next guest that was supposed to be on last Tuesday, but had to cancel because of business requirements is on the development side. So that's going to be very interesting for me personally. And I hope for others to hear what the development community and investment community is thinking about in terms of Hawaii real estate and asset moving forward. So thank you very much for viewing. This has been hospitality Hawaii and stay tuned for our next show on the think tech Hawaii live streaming platform. Aloha.


From Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering VMworld 2018. Brought to you by VMware and its ecosystem partners. Okay, welcome back everyone. This is the live CUBE coverage here in Las Vegas for VMworld 2018. Two sets, nine years of coverage. This is our ninth year. A lot of games changed. We've seen the movie play over and over again. Infrastructure's supposed to be dead, it never goes away. Storage is supposed to be dead, never goes away. Data protection, recovery, never going away. It's only getting better, the cloud is here. I'm John Furrier with Dave Vellante. Next gets Peter McKay, co-CEO and president of Veeam. Big party tonight, massive success story in the industry. Year over year, they kind of kept it quiet. I don't know why, but in the past two years, the numbers starting to come out. The chart is up to the right. Competition is going down. Congratulations. Why, where's the growth coming from? What's the success?  Because we're not public, because we're not looking to go public anytime soon, we never published the numbers. But when we realized, look at it, we got a lot of success going, the momentum's going, we think people should know what's happening, especially our customers who invested. So, you know, we've just continued to execute really well on a multi-segmented approach from the large enterprise, the medium, mid-market and the SMB. All of those three segments are growing double digits. You know, different value prop, different message, different solution in each one, kind of the way we package. But they're all going really well. Europe, the Americas, and now APJ is growing faster than any other region. Well, it was interesting, you said this morning, was, you know, people had the perception that you guys were SMB, and you said, no, we just went after the VMWare guys, the virtual buyer, and it was, I think you said about a third of your business is small, about a third is commercial, and about a third is large. A third, a third, is the breakdown of our revenue. And so, it is true that we didn't focus on a particular market. We focused on whoever bought vSphere should buy VM. And so, whoever sold it, whatever the channel partner sold it, we wanted them to sell VM. Whoever bought it, we wanted them to buy VM. It wasn't that complex. It was fairly straightforward. Just execute on following wherever VMWare went, we went. We became the number one backup, the backup vendor, virtual backup. Number one VMWare backup. Now we added Hyper-V, and now we're in Acropolis with Nutanix, which is the latest. Is the type of buyer now changing as you sort of enter some of these new markets, go more deeper into the larger enterprises? It's gotten a lot more complicated today. And you remember we bought this company N2WS, which is really interesting, is native backup for AWS. And that was fantastic. We started as an investment, we bought it, and this business just keeps doubling and doubling. And really what it taught us, when we had an event that we would go to, all the people, our customers were going to the booth and they didn't know who Veeam was. And so we're like, wait a minute, you have Veeam in your business? Well, we didn't know that. So we were totally different buyers. They were looking to backup for the cloud offering, then traditional backup, or even your virtual backup. And so, it really expanded an opportunity that we never knew that, hey, this is a whole group of people we weren't talking to. So that is expanded. So you got that group, you know your traditional backup buyers, your virtual, but now it's line of business. It's so, it's much more complicated than ever before. So you're sharing some numbers.  We ended the year at 300. We passed 300,000 customers. We're up to, what, 320 or so now. We added about 133, on average over the last few years, 133 per day, 4,000 a month. Customers, new customers. New customers, that has been our kind of trajectory. And it's all goes back to, we have a 73 net promoter score. We do a really good job making our customers successful, making it easy to buy, easy to deploy, easy to manage. And we constantly just stay ahead in the roadmap in what we're doing. And it's, you know, it's- Nice business. It's not that complex. It's just- What's the bookings? So last year, we ended at 827 on our goal of 766. So we blew away our goal last year. This year, we put a stretch goal, we'll get to a billion. We're well on our way to do that. That's, I think there's only 34 companies that have got there, got over a billion, but that's our goal. And as a co-CEO, one of your jobs is sort of identify opportunities for TAM expansion. You've done that. You've up leveled the messaging big time. So that's been great to see that progress. And then talk about the TAM.  But your TAM is much larger. Talk about your market. So we call what we're doing intelligent data management. So data management, managing your data, protecting your data, but doing it in an intelligent way, right? Not, you know, reactive, more proactive, more from policy-based to behavior-based. So that message is really resonating in the market. And so I think there's a lot of, when we looked at the space, backup and recovery is really just one piece of it. There's email backup, right? Office 365, SaaS applications, you know, more and more, e-discovery, there's endpoint backup. So when we look at that, and then back up in the cloud, from the cloud infrastructure, when you add up all that addressable market, it's about a 39, just in the high 30s, billion dollar market opportunity, growing at almost 10%. So some of that we'll do organically. We'll build ourselves, some of which we'll buy like N2WS. And some of it, we'll just partner where it makes sense to do that. But that's the market we're going after, intelligent data management. How are you using machine intelligence and leveraging that to go after intelligent data management? You think of, we call it five stages of intelligent data management. So this is a journey that people go from backup to aggregation of all the data to visibility, orchestration and automation. When you get to orchestration and automation, it's around doing things smarter and getting more insight from what you've been doing in the past, like learning how you've been able to managing your backup to the cloud, from the cloud, between clouds. But now when you start adding things like security, like there's a ransomware that you've found, find a clean backup or move, bring, restore to a better version of your data into the environment, or a weather pattern, something's happening, back up to a different location versus, so you can start feeding in external different, third-party data into our machine that allows us to be able to protect and manage your data far better. So that's a huge opportunity. I mean, this is a very competitive space. You've been, as a company, so successful while others are declining or flattening out. Why? I mean, ease of use, what specifically is the driver? I mean, think simplicity? Was it just the product itself? What it was, I mean, it's hard to break into this market and kind of have the numbers you guys have. Yeah, I've been amazed early on. I mean, it is, the product is that good. You know, we used to have a tagline that it just works, and that came from our customers, being it just works, and it does. I mean, I would say first and foremost, the technology is that good. I love to say it was sales, execution, and everything else, but it is the product. You see the sale problem that was just good. It makes it so much easier when the product is that good. So that, I think the way we approach the ecosystem, it's a channel model, it's very leveraged model. We added alliances into the mix, so we just announced our Cisco Hyperflex. So Hyperflex with the first and only solution, the intelligent data management solution that is bundled with Cisco Hyperflex that we announced today. But Cisco can now resell as one SKU, HP can now sell as one bundled SKU, NetApp can sell as one bundled SKU, and we've got others that are coming. We've been hardware and software, hardware agnostic, cloud agnostic. And when other companies like Commvault and Veritas and Dell all have an appliance solution, Cohesity, Rubrik and others, it's really driven the rest of the ecosystem to the company that has been Switzerland of all of it. Because a lot of these companies have hardware that they already have. So we leverage, hey, we'll work with what you have, and you know we're going to work with what you're going to have, because we're not locking into any hardware. That's what you've always done, yeah. And it's been so good product, easy to use. Common sense approach. Common sense, and then focus. We haven't tried to do more than what we're, I mean we want to be best in the world. Started with virtual, cloud is our, cloud was the next physical. We had the physical component that we were missing in. So virtual, physical and cloud, single pane of glass, orchestration, automation. It's not that hard. And the product side as you got, we've got a couple of minutes left. I want to get your thoughts on the growth strategy. Obviously machine learning, if you're doing intelligent data, you've got to be using ML and AI. It's going to be core to the product. How is that looking? What's the story there? You know it's almost vertical dependent, right? Because what we're finding is in certain verticals, the ecosystem is different and how we learn from a lot of the channel partners are driving us in this direction. Alliance partners are driving us to this direction and learning, moving from this kind of reactive mode to proactive mode. And so that's kind of opening up a broader ecosystem for us on how do we leverage more of the knowledge that's outside of our world and into making what we do in the managing of data? Because the accumulation of data is, as you guys know, it's doubling every two years, right? It's everywhere. Data is all at end points and edge devices and it's coming from all over the place and it's far more critical. And so we're kind of in the middle of all that. And so now how do we better manage that data for you and adding more machine learning into that is critical? Well thanks for taking the time to stop by theCUBE. Congratulations on your success. Just works, when you have product excellence it's pretty nice to have that. A lot of companies don't have that luxury. Congratulations and thanks for coming by. Peter McKay here on theCUBE beam, very popular product in the VMware ecosystem and of course they run the greatest, they're one of the best parties here, some say the best. Tonight. We'll be checking it out tonight. Peter, thanks for coming on. Stay with us for more coverage after this short break.


As Brett and this, 2018 GMC Sierra 2500 Crew Cab Short Box Denali is stock number 12890Z. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, your new and used heavy duty truck headquarters. This 2018 GMC Sierra 2500 has the 6.6 liter Duramax diesel engine, puts out 445 horsepower. It's paired with the Allison 6-speed automatic transmission. This truck has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop per the state of Wisconsin inspection process. It has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. We're going to go all the way around, inside, underneath, start it up and take a look under the hood in this video. Dark slate metallic is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 4K, so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet, smartphone, or television, I highly recommend turning them on right now because it is your best way to check out the quality, condition, options, and cleanliness of the truck before seeing it in person. And if you like the video on how we do things here at Summit Automotive in the lower right hand part of the screen, consider clicking the subscribe button to our YouTube channel and then click the bell notifications and you'll get updates all the time. We do videos here at Summit Auto, which is each and every day. This one comes with the 20 inch chrome alloy rims that come with the Denali package, and this one is in excellent shape, didn't see any scuffs or scrapes, and it does come with the Goodyear Wrangler SRA tires, these are LT26560R20s, and I would say they have probably about 50 to 60% of the tread left on them. Frame and underbody is in very nice condition, does have the Z71 package with the Rancho shocks, front fenders in excellent condition, this one does have the LED running lights, the HID headlamps, and the factory fog lights. Front bumper and lower valance are in nice shape, it does have the front bumper parking sensors, the chrome tow hooks, the chrome trimmed grille, the GMC lettering is in nice condition and this one does have the fully functional cowl induction hood. Speaking of that hood, I didn't see any dents or dings on it, and the clearance lights up top are a nice addition as well. Passengers side front fender, no dents or dings on there, and the passengers side rim, no major scuffs or scrapes. Dark slate gray has just a little bit of metal flake to it, it's a pretty cool color. It's got a little bit of green, a little bit of blue, a little bit of gray in it, pretty neat color. I think Chevy calls it graphite metallic. And as you go down this side of the 2018 GMC Sierra 2500, take note of how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence on the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here, so when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises, and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. And if this video helps you make that decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video, that it was helpful, and that Brett sent you. Back rim is in nice shape as well, and the back tires have just about as much tread as the front tires. Frame in underbody is in pretty nice shape, does have just a little bit of surface rust on the frame, but nothing too bad, has all the remaining factory exhaust, looks really clean underneath here. Lower rockers and cab corners all look really good as well, and it does come with the factory chrome step bars. Passenger side box is in excellent shape. And coming around to the back, rear bumper is in great condition, does have the back of parking sensors, rear bumper steps, full towing package which includes the receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring, and that tailgate is in very nice condition as well, does have a locking tailgate, a linex truck gear fold up tonneau cover, that is in very nice condition as well, has the shock down assist tailgate so it's never going to slam on you, and you do get the spray and bed liner in here. So it also has the LED bed lighting which is right up there, there's one on each side, and it also comes with the receiver hitch reducer. That spray and bed liner goes onto the tailgate as well, tailgate shuts nice and solidly, and as you go down the driver side just as clean as that passenger side, no major dents or dings on the box, and for full disclosure this back rim just as nice as the rest, I didn't see any scuffs, didn't see any scrapes on any of the rims, very very nice condition. As you go down the rest of the side of the truck, doors look really good, does have the telescopic tow mirrors, built in directional signals, LED side lights, chrome trim back, they do a telescope out like so and fold in, I'm pretty sure that these are powerful. Inside the Denali package gives you the black leather interior, there are no rips, there are no tears on the seats, they are in fantastic condition, you get the Denali stitched into the headrest, and very nice and clean. Factory all-weather floor mats, it does have auto headlamps turned off four-wheel drive and factory brake controller tilt, telescopic steering wheel, power windows, power locks, power mirrors, and memory driver seat. These mirrors do power fold in as I thought, and I was like showing both sides so that you know that both sides are working properly. It also has the Bose sound system and the nice woodgrain trim on the doors. We'll hop inside, check up miles, radio, and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior. You can see that this one has 51,455 miles on it, you do get the digital speedometer there, instrument cluster is very nice and clean. And you know for 51,000 miles this thing's in really nice shape, has the cruise controls, heated seat button, forward collision warning, and you get that leather wrapped steering wheel that's in great condition too. Bluetooth and information center controls on the right does have the Allison six-speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift. You get the GMC IntelliLink system, this one does have the factory navigation system on it, you can see that's working nicely. You get AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities. You also have a projection manager where you can project your cell phone to the screen via Android Auto or Apple CarPlay. If you have a nav system on your phone, you like better than the factory nav, you can use it right on there, that's pretty cool. This is also where your backup camera shows up, CD player, heated and cooled seat buttons, dual climate controls down here are your power pedals, stability control, that's for your cargo lance, that's also how you turn on your LED bed lighting and LED side lights on the mirrors. Parking sensors, lane departure warning, downhill assist control, and you do get a factory exhaust break. Down here you get two USBs, two 12-volt power points and a 110-volt, 150-watt plug-in. Get cup holders right there, holders, storage down there, passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition as well. Smells very clean inside this truck. No rips or tears on that seat, the headliner is very nice and clean, and it does come with the power sunroof as well. Up here you get map lights, home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems, and power sliding rear window button. On-starring SOS buttons in the rear view mirror. And lastly you get the wireless cell phone charge pad on the center console there. We will take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll start it up. Take a look under the hood, check out all those HID and LED lights in front. Does have very nice clean back seats as well, no rips, no tears back here. Does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have. Power sliding rear window with the built-in rear defrost. Once again that headliner is in nice shape. Side curtain airbags, and these seats are very nice and clean. You do get a storage bin underneath here, you can always take that out, it's just held in by a couple bolts, and you get all weather formats back here as well. Bottoms of the doors all look really good. And there are your LED side lights, once again they are extremely bright. We'll start it up, take a look under the hood. Starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today, and hopefully from this HD video you will have been able to verify the quality, condition, options, and cleanliness of this truck all the way around inside and out. See those HID headlamps are super bright. All the lights are working properly. And under the hood we have the 6.6L Duramax diesel engine, engine bay is very clean, runs very smooth. Once again this truck has been fully safe to inspect by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have in track cans topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. There is your emissions sticker, and that coal induction hood, the air comes in right there, flows over to here, into the air intake, and that's how that works. And I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint, and to see more pictures of this 2018 GMC Sierra 2500 Denali Crew Cab Short Box with the Duramax diesel and Dark Slay Gray, you can go to that website right there at www.summodauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summodauto.com If you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to www.youtube.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. Click the bell notifications, you'll get updates on the videos we do each and every day here at Summit Automotive. In fact, in a second you'll see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on the upper left, a link to more GMC Sierra 2500 truck videos like this one on the upper right, a link to this vehicle on our website, and a lower left than any link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those, check us out, and we are super excited to help you with the Sultra Clean 2018 GMC Sierra 2500 Crew Cab Short Box Denali Z71 in Dark Slay Gray Matao. Thanks again for checking out the video, remember to like, subscribe, and share. Really appreciate it.