Okay, so since we have to do it, let's do it. So it says, what is the wavelength in meters now of an FM radio wave with frequency nu equals 102.5 megahertz? So it says, nu equals 102.5 megahertz, and we're looking for the wavelength. So we know what we know. We know that equation. What is the equation? C nu times the wavelength. And we also know what C is. What is that? 3.0 times 10 to the 8 meters per second, the speed of light from the vacuum. And we're looking for wavelength. So we're going to have to isolate the wavelength variable. So notice this, well, this says meters per second, right? And we're looking for meters. And this is a megahertz. What is that? It doesn't compute, right? So remember, hertz is another way of saying per second, okay? So of course, mega is a prefix that we're going to have to convert to hertz, okay? So let's go ahead and do that. First, okay? So you guys remember what the mega is? So 1 times 10 to the 6 hertz is 1 megahertz. But when you calculate that out, it should be 1.205 times 10 to the 8 hertz. So now we're just going to plug in chud because we've got that. But we've got to remember that hertz is per second. So if you want to, you can go ahead and do that already. So let's see what we do. 3.0 times 10 to the 8 meters per one second. And remember, we want to cancel out our seconds. So what are we going to have to do with this thing over? Okay, because this is just a conversion factor. It's saying this many cycles per second was in your spot. These were kind of difficult for me because nobody really ever showed me to do it this way. But I think it's the easiest way we do it. 2.9 to 7, right? Why is that? Because we started out with 4.6. Okay, so the 102.5, it's got a wavelength of about 3 meters. So any time you're listening to 102.5 or whatever, remember that. Any questions on this one? I don't even know. Is 102.5 even a station? I don't think so. Probably somewhere.


I had a problem with my knee and it was stopping me from staying active and so I took care of it. I went to a Hackensack Meridian Health Imaging Center for an MRI and I felt totally comfortable because I could see that they were serious about safety precautions. I got treated for my meniscus tear and now I'm back doing yoga and walking. Don't delay care. Staying healthy is part of staying safe.


The Silver Star is awarded for gallantry in action against an enemy of the United States while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing foreign force. In order of precedence, the Silver Star is only preceded by the Medal of Honor and the Distinguished Service Cross. In September 11, 2001, 977 service members in the Department of Defense have been awarded the Silver Star. Seventy-five of those recipients have been airmen. More remarkably, seven service members in the entire Department of Defense have been awarded the Silver Star twice. Of those seven recipients, three have been airmen. Two of those three airmen served as combat controllers, Sean Harvelle and Ishmael Vigayas. One of those three airmen, Senior Master Sergeant Thomas T.C. Case, serves as a tactical air control party specialist, otherwise known as ATT&CKP. As ATT&CKP officer myself, I am honored to introduce T.C. as one of our selected Eagles for 2019. As previously mentioned, T.C. was awarded his first Silver Star for actions he took in the spring of 2003, as he supported Bravo Company, 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment's efforts to seize Haditha Dam in Iraq. His second Silver Star was awarded for gallant actions he took in the summer of 2009, as he supported Alpha Company, 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment's efforts to destroy terrorist training camps in the Coast Gardez Mountain Pass in Afghanistan. T.C. represents a generation of service members who have spent the majority of their military career, if not their entire career, in a vicious cycle of combat rotations. In 22 years of service, T.C. has deployed 16 times in support of taskings from both Air Force Special Operations Command and Joint Special Operations Command. While the majority of Airmen engage our enemy from an aircraft, our TAKPs, as you will hear from T.C., engage our enemy on the ground. TAKPs serve as a critical communication link between the ground force commander and our Airmen delivering firepower from their aircraft. One of the fundamental joint qualifications of a TAKP is to serve as a Joint Terminal Attack Controller, otherwise known as a JTAC. We are qualified JTACs to serve as a member of the ground components fire support element. TAKPs, with our joint qualification as JTACs, advise, plan, synchronize and control kinetic and non-kinetic effects in the terminal environment. We are aligned with both the conventional army and special operations forces. T.C. is being honored as an Eagle because of his contributions to airpower's heritage. Surprisingly, his remarkable physical carriage, when he came face to face with our enemy on more than one occasion, does not define him or his career. T.C. is not resting on the laurels of his silver stars. Rather, his contribution to airpower's heritage is the culture he is currently shaping for the future TAKP Airmen who will follow in his footsteps. He has led a significant effort to vastly improve the equipping and training of the TAKP Enterprise. He has taken his past experiences when he was an ill-equipped, not-properly-trained young airman and shaped strategic headquarters air force-wide equipment and training programs with tactical effects at the squadron level. Before we begin, I'd like to welcome T.C.'s wife Kathy, his mom Rita, and his dad Glenn, and his children Devin, Savannah, and John, who could not be with us today. As T.C. shares the stories of his personal resiliency, when situations, both in combat and in his personal life, knocked him down, he will inspire you to become a better leader, which is the essence of this gathering of Eagles. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome me in joining, please join me in welcoming Senior Mass Sgt. Thomas Case. Soundcheck, can everybody hear me okay? Okay, so Major Fales told me I could just come up here and talk about the color of my boots, and if I did that, you all would clap anyway, but we're not going to talk about the color of my boots. Major Henfee, who I've known for many years now, also told me he's going to play one of the Rocky theme songs, Banana Hammock and Rip Away Pants.  So anyway, I'm going to talk about 2003 Haditha Dam raid. I know there's a handful of 75th Ranger Regiment officers in here, is that true? So I know you guys are probably tracking some of that history a little bit. So Haditha Dam is one of the greatest raids in Ranger history in modern times. There are some significant emotional events tied to that in regards to the 152 Rangers, and I think it was just two of those Air Force guys up there, like I said earlier this morning, just a speck of blue and a sea of green as an Air Force guy. So for those of you that were serving at the time, if you look back in regards to 2003, there was a lot of buildup and a lot of fanfare without getting into the politics in regards to how we got to Iraq in 2003.  And me kind of being an amateur military historian buff, my thought was like, wow, we're going to, special operations are going to be just like the first go for, where they're kind of sidelined outside of Skudhudding. So what was cool about it, the opening days of the Iraq war, the shock and awe, if you guys remember that, for the generation that remembers when that first kicked off. We were sitting there in Saudi Arabia, and I can remember literally watching Tomahawks fly over the top of us, what I assumed were, you know, they don't fly very high, but they're very, very fast. I remember F-18s coming into the airfield after dropping their ordnance with bullet holes in them and landing at the airfield rat from our staging area. And just like, when are we going to get to the show? I'd already done a couple of Afghan rotations early in the Afghan war, not that, not that violent for the most part. So we were chomping at the bit, we were ready to go. We sat at this airfield for about three weeks, watching everybody else go. Finally they said, and what we did out there, and for the ranger officers, I know you guys are familiar with this, and maybe some 82nd guys in the audience too, I don't know. We did a lot of rehearsals of putting on parachutes and sitting in an airplane and seeing how many people you could pack into it repeatedly. We did that every night for weeks on end, for initially for them jumping to Syop, the Saddam International Airport, to seize that. Thankfully, we did not do that. Third Armored Division took care of that, or Third Infantry Division. So what they did is they'd be like, hey, you're going to go into Western Iraq, you're going to infill, Alpha Company's going to jump in, they're going to seize the airfield, you guys will land behind them, and we will stage that H-1 airfield. Sounds like a plan. So Alpha Company jumps in the airfield, they seize the airfield, there's nothing there, there's maybe a goat herder, it looks like an airfield, we probably bombed the Smithereens back in the 90s war time frame, so there's not a lot of infrastructure there. We land on the C-17s, we do the combat descent, there's some very sick rangers on that bird, they're just spiraling down for any of the C-17 guys in here, and we do the combat land. Walk down the runway, set up our little combat or command post out there, and we just kind of wait, go to sleep that night, it was very cold, I remember that, man, my toes are cold. Give the next morning, receive the mission, that's what a good ranger does, they receive the mission, and they go and execute it, didn't have a lot of time to plan or plan against it. Initial mission was, we're going to roll out to the Syrian border, we're going to find Iraqi Vizop stations, border control checkpoints if you will, and we're going to blow them up. Me as a TACP, as a forward air controller, as a JTAC, I'm like, man, that's a JTAC's dream mission, I don't have to do a lot of work, I just kind of sit there and say, see this tower with my infrared marking thing, blow that up, easy peasy. So we're getting ready to gear up, we're getting ready to roll out that way, and in typical Ranger fashion, which I know you're well, sir, the mission changes. And it's not just to go from this point A to this point A, it's like a completely different mission set. So we're driving across the desert, and there's nothing going on, we're in gun trucks, Humvees. There's nothing going on. And I'm sitting in the back trying to keep myself awake. Couple of young guys, man of the 240s in the saws that are mounted on the gun truck, and trying to stay awake. In the TC seat in front of me is the ground force commander, I think it's General Dave Dewell now, if memory serves me correct. And he says, hey TC, what are you doing back there?  And I'm like, oh, I'm monitoring the fires net, sir, he's like, great job, keep doing that.  So we get this change of mission, I'll get into that here in a minute, and we go and we drive across the desert most of the night, sun comes up, we meet up with a reconnaissance element of a special mission unit.  Now Haditha Dam, it makes the Hoover Dam minuscule in comparison for anybody who's ever been out there on Haditha Dam. It's not as deep as the Hoover Dam, but it's certainly a heck of a lot longer, and it's got a four lane hard top across the top of it. Built by the Soviets back in the day, provides power to pretty much all the Southern I wrote from Haditha Dam all the way through Southern Iraq. What their threat was, is they were worried that Saddam Hussein's regime was gonna boil up Haditha Dam for the entire Euphrates, Titus Euphrates Valley, and completely halt Third Infantry Division's assault on Baghdad. Not to mention the humanitarian crisis that would ensued in conjunction with that. So what they were concerned at, they were gonna rig it below, so they wanted us to go clear the dam and make sure they didn't get blowed up. So we're talking to the special mission unit, the reconnaissance element, they're like, you guys are gonna go to Haditha Dam?  We've been looking at a place for the last three weeks living in the desert. If you guys get decisively engaged, it's a brigade-sized plus element that is defending Haditha Dam, you got a hundred Rangers. So what I remember is Captain Dave Doe at the time, the company commander, Yama Tash's ship, and he says, well let me make a call. So we pull up to satcom radio, he's calling back to the Italian talk, back to the regiment talk, up through the chain.  Okay, so me and my boss at the time, one of my very dear friends, Eric Brandenburg, goes by Brandy, was with me out there from the talk tube element from Battalion. And I don't even know he was there until the next morning when the sun came up, because we picked up some other dudes. And we start planning. Now this is prior than the Joint Chiefs, the directors of using a military GPS for targeting before that directive came out, we're literally using hand garments off the shelf, commercial off the shelf, and taking intel reports from where our, from where our remaining over day location is, of trying to build the target packages for pre-assault fires, prior to getting on top of the dam. So do the most amount of damage early, come in, seize the dam, life's good, good to go. So we're able to generate some coordinates, pass some stuff up, they send a strike package in before we got there, B-52s, and we start driving that night. And it takes all night to get to the dam. What I remember is all these targets that we'd plotted on our GPSs with our civilian GPSs, with the S2 and J2 Intel mom, to tell us where these locations are. We would drive past those things, you'd see smoking hoax of F-60s, AAA, other service there, defense mechanisms, and all these things, we would drive right by them, like, man, the intel is pretty spot on, which was reassuring. But what I specifically remember, as a JTAC at the time, back then we were E-TACs, it listed terminal TAC controllers. It's JTACs, it's about 0506 timeframe. Where I remember I'm sitting in what we call the penalty box of this gun truck. And we've got eight, six, little bird helicopters escorting the package. I've got F-15s on station overhead, and I've got a GPS that the unit bought me, and a jog joint operations graphic, one to 250 map. That's about this big. I'm trying to read this thing, lat longs for those of you that understand that, with my PBS 14 monocle, NBG, a red light, bumping in the back of a Humvee over uneven terrain, trying to read a map and trying to talk F-15s on to different points of interest to secure the route ahead of us. Because the thing was, we hadn't really developed those TTPs on how to do that in regards to some of the brevity terms for the pilots in here. Any lemon foxes in here? Handful of y'all? We didn't really develop any of those brevity terms for a neutral posture, defensive posture, offensive posture, all those types of things in regards to escorting the convoy. So we're kind of flying by the seat of our pants and inventing it literally on the fly. So I kind of got smart at that point, and I'm like, this map is absolutely worthless to me. There's nothing I can do with this thing. And I would just tell all the jets in the stack. Well, it was two of them at the time, we didn't even know what a stack was back then. And it was like, hey, lead, look forward, click, trail, just keep your sensor on friendlies. And it worked great, you know? It was like, wow, I'm glad I thought of it, you know? And so what I remember specifically and the cool thing about it is you got the bettos out there, the nomads, and those people that live in the desert, if you will, they just kind of travel around, whatever it is they're doing. We would drive through these Bedouin camps on our way to Haditha Dam, and there's Iraqi armor, T-72s, T-64s, BRDMs, BTR-60s, all those Iraqi armor sitting in between these tents, cold as the day is long because they didn't want to be anywhere near their weapon systems. But that also tells me that the enemy is deliberately parking enemy hardware, targetable hardware against the civilian population as well. So I was like, but it took me about 10 years to realize that, you know, a little maturity goes a long way in regards to that stuff. But I remember vividly seeing that we drove by and we just kind of, kind of a puzzling look. So day breaks, the sun's just about coming up and we're getting close to the dam. As we approach the dam, I'm with the company commander and his plan is we're gonna go with the command post of the dam element, we're gonna go full bore, we're gonna go right into the center of the spillway on the dam. One of the platoons where companies, or well platoon or reinforced platoon, will stop short of the dam and set up a blocking position. Another element of the same size will proceed to the other end of the dam, the east side, and provide another blocking position. So we get to the dam almost immediately, starts off, I've been to Afghanistan so I know what pot shots sound like, right? So there's a couple of pop-pops here and what we assumed at the time were angry farmers. And it just, a couple of pop-pop-pop, no big deal. Couple of ranges of return fire, no big deal. It's about that moment that the crescendo opens up. And just the volume of fire being received on Haditha Dam by about every nook and cranny was absolutely incredible. And we're kind of looking at each other like, we don't even know where this is coming from initially. Brandy, I referred him earlier, my old boss, he comes up on our eternal net that we had for TACP and he says, hey man, I cannot get a cast request in because by this time the F-15s at Chekhov Station, they're being go for fuel, out of gas, mom. So I'm gonna make sure I explain it to you. So, but we got little birds and they're doing their runs. You know? And I said, Roger that, so I said, I gotta get cast up on station, close air support. So we have the X-wing antenna mounted to the truck, the Satcom antenna. And I pick up the handset, call back to the jock, requesting immediate cast, I hear nothing on the other end. I'm like, huh? So then I like, what's next, right? Trouble shooting mode, right? Check the power, radio's on. All right, check the connection, and the antenna's connected. Check the antenna. One of the X-wing radiating elements was shot off. So now seven X-wing, I got a T-wing. All right, they don't invent those, they don't make those. So, I'm like, great, what do I do? And I don't really have time to bust out my personal little Satcom antenna and start breaking it out and extending it and putting all the elements on and finding the azimuthan direction, find that satellite and talk back. So I say, hey, if you heard my request, I need you to key the hand mic twice. And I hear it from the other side, click, click. And then I knew that close air support was on the way. About this time, Arranger 2, they got a couple of superficial wounds, but the fire's still going. And what I remember from this special mission unit, guys, we had some EOD guys, explosive orders and disposal guys attached to us, so if the dam was rigged, they could un-rig it. And I'm walking around with these guys on the spillway, and we're shooting and running and gunning and doing our stops of things. And they're looking for explosives on top of the dam, and there's some elements down inside the dam clearing it. And we're standing up there, and when you hear bullets whizz by your head and they almost hit you in the head, it's a stick for anybody that's experienced it, which I'm sure there's a handful in here. Sounds like a bee bluzz by your head. That means the bullet's really, really close to your head. And we're standing around and we're like looking at the dam, looking out at the back. I got PT boats coming up our way, shooting at us from the backside with the Iraqi Coast Guard on the lake or whatever they were. And these guys, these special mission unit operators, they finally say, man, I'm getting tired of getting shot. I'm gonna get out of the way for a while. And I was like, oh man, I'm glad I didn't have to say it. I'm glad they did. I don't know if that makes sense. So one thing we hadn't cleared yet, literally, then our scope and responsibility was kind of like the control house, you know, like an inter-control point if you will in the dam. It wasn't real big structure. It wasn't real small either. About that time, about seven of my best Iraqi friends come bailing out of there and we literally just shoot them as they're coming out the door. I mean, through the course of that entire week on Hedidatham, we literally had to stack bodies like cordwood because we had killed so many of the enemy. So the first cast assets check on station is F-16s. They check in with me. I immediately push them over to Brandi because he's in the thick of it at the time. There's some waters coming at us. On the lake, there's a series of islands and they're shooting mortars at our position. And that island's about 3,000 meters or so off the shoreline. And when you look at it, you know, our responsibility as a JTAC is to talk airplanes onto the target. But when you try to talk them onto a population of islands out in the middle of the lake, it's very difficult to do, especially based off the imagery that was available to us back in 2003. It's significantly different than what we pull down in regards to detail. So he's trying to talk these F-16s onto the mortar position. He can't do it. He hands them to me. I'm trying to talk the F-16s onto this position. Can't do it.   Finally, one of the Rangers comes up with a stellar idea. He's got a javelin missile system. He's like, you guys can't hit it with a cast? Like, nope. He's like, hold my beer. You know? So he pulls out that javelin, targets the island, smacks that island right next to the mortar site. And the cast asks that the F-16s say, yep, tally target. You can see it. Javelins, well, not made for that or excellent marking rounds. Another TTP. But so he gets that threat annihilated. And basically the entire air package is showing up in support of the Hedita Dam at that point. We have so much going on and we're so overwhelmed and we're so undermanned and we're so outgunned. I'm controlling British Harriers. I remember I mentioned the boats earlier. And these boats are shooting at us in more, more harassment than anything else, keeping us down and locked down and whatnot. And I'm trying to target these boats but the lake we're on, it's a big lake. It's like a great lake, essentially. Probably not the same size, but it's got heavy swells and whatnot. So they've had a limited success in regards to strafing with 20 millimeter off the previous F-16 flight.  I'm a, I don't know, what was that mom, 26 year old staffs around the time, something like that? I'm not a weapon-eering guy yet. I am now, but anyway. So the British Harriers just say, we'll just put some Mark 82's airburst on them and see what happens. Mark 82 airburst is a brilliant method for sinking a boat. I've put so many holes in these things that those boats immediately saying, I think it was like seven boats told me maybe a kayak or two. Seriously, the kayaks were in the BDA report. It was amazing. That's why I don't like kayaks anymore, Kathy. But anyway, so this entire week we're sitting there trying to develop TTPs. How are we doing this? How are we doing this? How are we doing that? And the crescendo never stops. The sun goes down first night and now the enemy's probing. When I was a kid, I grew up reading Vietnam stories, thinking how cool it would be and how awesome it is and looked up to that generation. Same thing with World War II stories. And all those things. Always seeking the action and adventure and what's next in life in order to get to that point. And that's exactly what I felt like in regards to reading the old stories of the enemy probing the friendly lines at night under the cover of darkness. It also ended up with a lot of dead Iraqi soldiers probing the lines with a bunch of Rangers with lots of testosterone and NVGs.  Now, bad on me. You can see the tracer rounds coming at you in direct lay mode. And I would think to myself, I've got a couple seconds to get this bomb off before that tracer gets over here.  You know? Lesson learned when I'm watching a tracer and then the bullets smack into the concrete barrier or the frag thing, whatever it is, whatever the S60 shoots. So we spent a significant amount of time targeting S60s, targeting enemy armor. I think the total count for the BDA for that entire week was 29 enemy T-72s killed with close air support, which I'm absolutely grateful for because basically a light infantry element against armored without air support, your chances don't bode so well. So, Brandy and I are just literally passing the mic back and forth this entire week, just pan it up, you know? At one point I had 14 aircraft stacked up over the lake from whatever elevation to whatever elevation, most of it medium threat. The backtrack a little bit, because, yes, forgive me, my memory, you know, a little bit of revisionist history in regards to me retelling old stories. My first actual real world control, I had done some gunship stuff in Afghanistan, nothing overly significant. I had never controlled fast mover F-16 CAS in a combat environment yet, but you gotta start somewhere. Why not then? So, I remember specifically, this is what I do remember. It's the small details that you tend to remember very diligently. Derby 5-4 checks in with me.  My company commander, ground force commander says, hey, can you digitalize that truck? And I'm like, I'm already working that server, absolutely. So I'm talking to Derby 5-4. Describe the target, go through the nine line process, get through all that point, we're at the point of execution, and I just hear him open up with his guns. And I'm looking up here to put my eyes on the jet. What he did was, he broke every protocol out there, went from medium altitude to low altitude, came screaming across the lake, all freaking in the movie Firefox, and opened up with this 20 millimeter cannon. And I picked this up when I hear the sound of the cannon, and I look and I see him screaming across the lake. About the same time, I see the bullets rip literally through the friendly blocking position on the eastern edge of the dam.  We didn't. Now, grace of God, right? Now the rangers that those bullets ripped through, because nobody got hurt, they thought it was great. They're cheering like, yeah, America, you know, they're doing all sorts of ranger dances and all that other stuff, and my jaw's on the floor, and I'm completely shaken, because now my confidence, I'm like, do I, did I screw this up? The pilot screwed this up? Obviously the pilot screwed it up, and I said, hey, Derby 54, you can check all the stations back to wherever, I'll get the next set of fighters in. And I looked at my ground force commander, Captain Doyle at the time, I said, sir, I did not authorize him clearance. He says, nope, you did not, you're good, continue to execute. I'm like, wow, he still has confidence in me. So I still need to execute at a higher caliber. So out of those 14 aircraft stacked up on any given day, we didn't have the TTPs developed yet. Of course, the pilots are coming up with ideas too, and same things they do with pilots in regards to de-confliction, de-conflicting themselves and make sure the pilots aren't running into each other, and all that other stuff associated with aviation points. And I would look and then I would talk to Brandy on the net, and I said, hey, how about if I take care of everything on this side of the river? You take care of everything on that side of the river.  But it was a huge river, and it was easy to make sure that our aircraft were separated. And what I would do was, and I had some experience, you know, doing joint air attack teams and stuff like that, but I'd never really executed, you know, if I was an airman on the conventional side. And what I would do is I would just bring a set of fighters in, Brandy would do the same thing, and we would continue to employ with him until that jet set was Winchester, out of bombs, out of ammo. We're out of gas, whichever game first, usually we're out of bombs first, send him home. And the stack would just elevate her down. The next set come through, the next set come through, the next set come through. And we were never wanting for, wanting of targets. There was plenty of targets out there. So my buddy, Mark Foster, is, he's with Charlie Company. And they come through one night when it's kind of calm. They roll through the industrial complex of Aditha, just to do like a battle damage assessment with ISON.  We had absolutely, between Ranger firepower, organic and inorganic and close air sport, the entire air was just flattened. We're doing a lot of laser guided bombs back then too. And I had the softland, the Special Operations Forces laser marker for terminal guidance and guided bombs in.  The seekers could not pick up the laser spot. So we went back to JTAC 101. Here's your target, go find it, go execute. My first, another, there's a lot of first ever's, okay, for a lot of us out there. And one of my first ever's was a B1 shows on with a belly full of JDAMs, GPS guided bombs. And I look at the commander's like, I've never dropped the JDAM before, much less from a B1 bomber, you know? Cause right now we're taking the strategic role and put it into a tactical role for the B1 bomber. Didn't have the sniper pod yet, just a crew and the navigator, you know? And me and a guy named Sergeant Lund, good friend of mine, he was the FSNCO for the company. Him and I start using our garments again illegally and generating targets to hit these choke points where the enemy would probe at night. And we pull up all these grid coordinates and I relay them up to the bomber, healer, you know, the crew relays them back to me. And I say, hey, excuse me, I'm back stitching. Hey, just let me know when you're in and then give me a 30 seconds. He's like, okay, I'll do you better, okay, okay. Never done this before. So the B1 says, hey, we're in from the IP or IPN bomb. And I forget that a bomber takes the entire state of Texas in order to turn around. So it takes a very long time. And I look at the company commander, he's like, hey, sir, I've never done this before. If you want to just tell the dudes, get their heads down because I've never really done this before. I think target locations are far enough away. I've just never actually employed a J-Dem. He's like, okay.  This guy says weapons away and he releases these bombs from relatively far away because they're guided to the point outside of inertia and we just start watching. And he's just like, boom, boom. No pattern, I mean, there's a pattern to it, but every coordinate we passed up, these J-Dem, these 500 pound bombs are going to write to exactly where we talked about. You know, boom, boom. And there was some language on the dam, of course, because this is a significant emotional event and people are screaming, take that, you, efforts, you know, and all that other kind of stuff associated with that. And again, it was another first ever. As these bombs started to walk closer and closer to the town of Haditha, you know, you got the industrial complex, you got the military complex, you got the dam and then where people live in this town. You're watching these bombs slowly start screaming towards the civilian population, if you will. So we called knock it off to make sure we didn't do that because what I didn't know is I'd never dropped the J-Dem before. I didn't know how far they were gonna keep going. Were my grid coordinates correct? I don't know. We didn't have readbacks back then on the Nylon for you pilot types. You know what I mean? It's like, hey, here's the target information, go execute. It was amazing to watch these things go off and hit exactly where you told them to hit without having to freaking physically see it with your eyes, which is another TTP development because we're figuring out on the fly out there in 2003. So this goes on for a while. Every night they're probing. That night with the J-Dems, they did not probe. Probably a good call on their part. And there's a combat controller up on the dam with me and he was there doing HLZ support, helicopter landing zone support and all that other stuff. The target environment was so rich that I looked at him and I said, Luke, are you J-TAC qualified? He's like, I am. I'm like, do you mind controlling for a while? He's like, I would thought you'd never ask, you know? Cause he was tired of blowing up telephone poles for the resupply birds to come in. So this went on for a total of about a week and what we were doing had never been, at least to my knowledge, had never been done before for a lot of things we were doing, you know? Developing things on the fly. But what I will tell you is that it's easy for me to sit up there and say, I'd be an advocate for air power because I'm in the air force, but holy cow, I'm an absolute advocate for air power, especially in support of the joint force, you know, because there's no doubt in my mind without that air power, I may or may not be standing up here or I may be telling you a different version of the story, you know? So, you know, it's crazy to think about how this kid from Socorro ends up, 17th in Socorro, New Mexico, it's a big place, I'm sure you've heard of it, ends up 7,500 miles away, developing TTPs, support of the mission in Haditha, Nama, Iraq. You know, and the essence of it all is not a single ranger was killed up there because of air power, because of responsiveness, not because of what Tom Case did, I was just a very small piece of the puzzle where there's that joint organization there. Artillery, I've been to Afghanistan, I've seen them shoot the rockets at us, you know, I've seen them shoot waters at us. What I learned in Iraq is that I'm no longer scared of mortars, but I'm absolutely terrified of enemy artillery.  When we got to the dam, there's like a lot of places in the Middle East and Central Asia, there's a lot of stray dogs, a lot of emaciated dogs. But for those of you who haven't seen it yet and to prepare yourself for it, I know there's some people in the United States that have. When we left the dam, those dogs were no longer skinny. There's plenty for them to eat because of air power. You know, graphic, but it's reality. Those 152, I think we're correct me if I'm wrong, sir, enemy artillery DS-152s or something along those lines. They're shooting at us from 15 kilometers away. And the rounds, I think we got three or 600 rounds over a six hour period dropped on top of us on the dam. There's no really nowhere to go. The rounds hit window shatter because it's a huge industrial complex. The rounds hit window shatter, you know? Rounds hit, Willie Pete round, a marking round. You know, we're expecting seaburn environment, chemical, biological, new, you know, whatever would be the case. We've got our gas mask on. And you watch these marking rounds hit because I don't know what chemical rounds look like. You watch these marking rounds hit and everybody's like, ooh, did I put my gas mask on? Oh, the dog just ran through it. We're good. Watch the dog for a minute. Okay, we're good. You know? It is excessively hard to fight in a gas mask, much less trying to control in a gas mask. So we didn't wear them. So for all that six hour period or whatever it was, of all these artillery rounds falling on us, you're literally just sitting in the ball just, and in between rounds, we're up, we're looking, we're looking for the forward observer, the enemy forward observer, where is he? What is he seeing? How do I find this guy? We didn't have the ISR soaks. We didn't have the RPA capabilities back then, the other day. Everybody's fighting for that one MQ one, you know? And we're looking. We're losing our Mark-1 eyeball and binoculars. And we would end up finding these guys, these FOs. We would find them on, okay, gotcha, sir. He's my timekeeper. And we would find them and we'd drop a bomb.  So, wow, that took up a lot of time. I didn't realize how long I was talking. But, so that right then itself, you know, we could not find these 152s to finish this story out. And we'd send jets back. We're like, hey, go find this. You know, the battalion FSNCO, Omo, he would run out of cover, look at the rounds impact and say, it's somewhere that way. And then he'd run back because there's more coming. You know? And because he went out there, and he ended up an army guy with a superstar for that battle, he'd like, it's somewhere that way. Myself or Brandi knew I need to send jets that way. And they finally, another reconnaissance element from the Ranger Regiment, was out there running around in the west side of the desert. They say, hey, we found what they're fighting at because they looked at our jets.  And they correlated all this stuff to where the 152s were firing out of us from. So, I said, Leona, do you see something really cool? And they're like, yeah. And I was like, shoot a Heimars at it. So we were able to shoot a Heimars, a big missile thing, or big, it was the ATAC a missile with the cluster munition in it. And I just like wiped out any bit of artillery out there that would shoot at us. So, what I'm gonna do now, when as I tell this story, this is such, you know, I've got a thousand other stories based off 16 deployments, you know? And really, the essence of this is, in regards to the advocacy of joint air power, coalition air power, because I talked about the British Harriers coming up with tangible solutions to a tactical problem. You know, I talked about JDEMs, never dropped before. I have utmost confidence in those things, as long as my grid quarters are correct. Right? You know, I talked about the survivability of the Ranger element out there on the dam because of air power. And because they're highly trained, I get it, sir. You know, they're survivable in their own right. And the fact that we walked out of there with minimal wounds, the worst wound we got was a guy, one of the mortarmen up there, had his mortar set a Ranger mortar guy, and an artillery around from the 152s smacked his position. He survived. He took shrapnel through his temporal and he's blind with epilepsy for the rest of his life. But he's alive. I'm sure his mother appreciates that because of air power. So again, that's just a small snippet of the Heditha Dam objective. I know the Rangers hail it as a very significant emotional event, and obviously it was. And I also know it's very historic to the Ranger mission overall as well. So with that being said, what I'd like to do, just like the last segment here, I will open up to any questions you guys and gals have, and I'll try to answer them. If I don't have an answer, I'll talk about the color of my boots. You know? But if you guys have anything. Yeah, if there's any questions from the audience, if you could just proceed to the microphones on either side, we'll pause for just a couple of seconds here to see the people start moving to the microphones for a senior master of the case. My man. There we go. Good morning, sir. Thank you for your time here this morning. Thanks for having me. We've been asked at the course here at ACSC to consider the use of air power in near and pure future conflicts. Excuse me, I'm nervous. You're nervous? Look at me. I'm in my rip-away pants. How do you see the battlefield airmen providing effects in this type of situation? Excellent question. So my current squadron, 25th Air Support Operation Squadron in Hawaii, we are probably the only TACP unit. And now granted, my squadron, I'm the squadron superintendent there, we have 27 to 28 AFSCs. So different jobs, mom. So I've got my contingent of Special Warfare TACP. I've got my contingent of Special Warfare Mission support, which is cyber RF ops support in regards to our own ASOC, Air Support Operations Center and JADGIC and all those things. So I'm glad you asked that question because I have a little bit of a unique perspective being in PACAF, being in the PACOM AOR. Everything we do and everything my squadron is doing right now, unofficially, is multi-domain operations. Agile Combat Employment. So think about our threats in regards to our region of PACOM. Think about World War II and the island hopping campaigns. So when we talk about Agile Combat Employment without getting into the weeds and going towards the high side, we're talking about future of island hopping campaigns. But so what the Air Force or what DOD doctors always spit is centralized control, decentralized execution. Well, with the invention of ISR and MQ9s, MQ1s, it's kind of one of the way because every general in the battlefield from 7,000 miles away wants to make the call on one bomb in the bad guy. So let's just talk about strexel operations, stuff like that. So I've met a handful of cadets this week. And the handful of those guys that want to be pilots have said, I want to fly the A10. I asked them, why do you want to fly the A10? Like, because it's cool. Well, yeah. Like, all right, it's cool. But when we think about, I think you said near peer and peer-to-peer, when we think about that, we also have to think about what's going to make our airmen survive. What's going to make him deliver joint air power and come back to do another run or come back home and not to spend eight years away from mama? You know what I mean? So when you look at that and you think about the future, especially our future leaders in ROTC and all those other things, the A10 is not also, and I'm not buying for any type of platform because I think it was, I don't remember it was, he was like, oh, he was used to sitting up here. It's like, what is the best airplane for the mission? So when I cadet says, I want to fly the A10, well, we'll always probably be shooting and blowing up terrorists. But what about the five-year fight? What about the 10-year fight? How do we employ against our adversary that's near peer or peer-to-peer? With that said, I'm probably completely screwing up your question. That's OK. I'll just act like I answered it. When we talk about that, under the re-violation of the Squadron Initiative, under General Golfin and Chief Staff of the Air Force, what do we have available to us that is future technology, current technology, old technology, commercial off the shelf, and how do we tie those technologies together to be more lethal and survivable in that future domain? We, America, we have a lot of friends, but we don't. Just keep that in perspective. So when you ROTC kids are asking for to go fly the A10, that's great. But for the wars you're going to be fighting, because with any luck, me and the Colonel will be sitting on the back porch drinking bit jolips. When you guys are defending this nation, you guys have made the call to be decisive in regards to that decentralized execution, have the operability to do so through the technologies available and those future ones. The JSF, the Joint Strike Fighter, the F-22, those things are absolutely critical to the defense based off the near-peer and the peer-to-peer stuff right now, OK? Our legacy aircraft, our third and fourth-gen aircraft, they're amazing at what they do, but that's why we build the strike package in order to defeat those types of threats, OK? The problem with TACP, we've been stuck in third generation for a long time. I'm glad you asked that because that question is so near and dear to me that when I leave this current squadron in November when I PCS, if I can get my TACP and that Special War for Mission support team to be a gen 4.2, then I've succeeded in them on the path to be a fifth-gen capability from the ground aspect, because right now we're not. Does that answer your question to eat you at all? Thumbs up? My eyes aren't so good. Better than the old guys out here, but anything else? I think we have one more in the back from the young man. Oh, yeah. Is there like, did wind up the bombs or the rounds go off? Did they have any impact on you? Oh, yeah, even to this day, little brother. I'll tell you what. What I will tell you, it looks like a scene out of a movie. What I will tell you, and I am not advocating for you to watch this movie at your age. Wait a few years, OK? There is not a PG or PG-13 version. Literally standing on top of Heditha Dam when I referenced earlier, we would stand there, and me and my company commander, and an RPG literally bounced off the road right between us, just like a scene out of those movies. And I watch this saying, bounce. And I'm like, we just kind of looked at each other. We giggled. We went back. Here's the impact, OK? Here's the impact, brother. Me and the guy I referenced earlier, Sergeant Lund, we sat on top of this dam overlooking the river. And there are these orchards with palm trees and whatnot. And the area was absolutely beautiful.  You're delivering violence. The fact that you have an opportunity to take in the serene beauty of it as well, it's kind of strange, I would think. Well, it is. Well, I'm kind of strange. But the impact is there's still beauty in the destruction around you. Does that make sense? He's fine with the microphone. Did I answer your question? Or are you going to talk about blood and guts? Yeah, it is a beautiful area. I'm sure it still is. The funny thing is, the close out of the Hedithi Dam story, when the ISIS-ISIL, whatever we're going to call them, campaign started, I literally sat in a jock somewhere back on the mainland and watched ISIS seize the dam from the Iraqi army as well. And that was a little disheartening. But then I got to watch the Kurds take it back. Anything else? Hey, I'll probably say this again, but I'm thankful I'm the youngest one here. I'm just kidding. You know, it's humbling to be up here, to think that this TACP operator went out and we talked about earlier, put his boots on, went out and executed the mission.  And I literally am walking among giants down here, who I think are more incredible than I am. So thank you guys and gals. That's all I got, ma'am. Thank you so much.


Hi everybody it's Sam at Mixup Craft thank you for watching today so I've got box number six from the Papercraft Society this one has been designed by Christina Griffiths and as always they give you a nice kind of peek to what's going to be inside with the designs that are on the front so you can see this beautiful water-colored flowers and that boiling throughout and also in the writing there as well so it's a really pretty box so let's get straight into it. So this one says wow it's time to play again Christina so Christina actually designed the very first Papercraft Society box so yeah six months later and here we are with the sixth box so we've got the envelope and then the tissue paper so I have already had a look so I just wanted to check obviously you know everything was there and I wanted to have a little I was too excited to be honest so keep the tissue paper because that's always nice and then we've got our booklet so this is Christina have a little look at that in more detail in a moment. So we've got our ink pads these do come in a little plastic pocket but I did go and take them out just again to have a little look I do like these because they stack but I have made the storage to hold loads of these so you can hold 40 per drawer I'll link that up here actually if anybody's interested because it's a really nice project and we'll have a look at those in more detail in a moment we've got our card there again we'll look at all this I'm just going to take everything out this is the card you get one every month this one is trying to decide which colors work together look to mother nature for ideas I actually do do that a lot especially when I'm like drawing maybe or coloring a tree or looking at like a landscape I can just look at my window and I've got really nice fields and stuff in front so it does actually yeah it really does help so this one on the back is guides a guide to inks so you've got hybrid dye basting pigment ink embossing ink stays on and distress inks and it tells you about them there and what you can use them with so it's actually really handy and I say it every time I do one of these unboxings but I always punch a hole and I've got a key ring with them all on there so good to have those so then we've got some ribbon really pretty like lemon yellow there with the polka dots on it and you've got quite a lot on there as well then we've got some flat backed pearls these are just your desu pearls and you've got a two yeah two sizes there and then we have this here which well I'm guessing it's to shape your flowers and it's quite nice with that like ombre effect there but that's yeah that's what I'm thinking it's for but we'll have a look in the book in a moment and then this is your cardstock so we have these I've got a very subtle polka dot a white polka dot through them so you've got two in the lemon yellow then we've got two in that beautiful lavender and then two in that soft pink really nice and then we've got two in like this real bright lime really really lovely and then oh and then on the back it's plain so that's quite nice you have the contrast there the polka dot all the plain but um yeah I really like them love these together actually they look really nice in fact all of them go really nicely so that's the cardstock and then we've got the ink pads here so like I said before they stack nicely you've got three here let's have a little look oh they look they look different let's have a little look they're really like higher much much more dimension on those let me just grab just grabbing my drawer let's just grab one have a little look yeah it just looks different see on the sides there so I have to test them out see what the others are like yeah they're all really really it's like they've swollen it's like a sponge and um you know they've they've swollen it with all the pigment in them so look at that one as well these are all tapes though which is actually quite good not that I've had any of the lids come off but it's the first time I've had the little sticky tapes on the side so yeah I mean there's a different pink but you can see just how much more raised so I mean I want to say that there's a lot more I mean when you push on the side there you can see all of the color so they are they're very juicy which is what I said that one I first opened them so I'll make sure I get the right lids colors on there you're probably watching them thinking Sam that's not right there we go so there the three without pop that to one side and yep we talked about that so that's those pieces there and then we've got the book so we look at that in a moment and then we've got our envelope so we have so see I have a happy accident cover it or have a happy accident cover it with flower gemstones or butterfly and then don't be too critical of yourself just enjoy your crafting I'm always saying that glitter makes it well go around this one's really funny because it reminds me of my mom because if there's ever a rogue embellishment and I say to her why is that one over there and then she'll say oh I dropped a bit of ink on it or I got a bit of glue there and it's just I've done it as well it's just quite funny so in the first pocket here we have our stamps and the toppers let's just take that one out there so you've got silver foiling and then that real subtle floral background and you have happy Easter so that's obviously going to be useful for now Easter blessings if friends with flowers I pick you wishing you all the wonderful gifts of spring may love and beauty bloom this Easter that's quite nice wishing you an Easter filled with love thank you thinking of you special friend it's your day spring her sprung some nice ones yeah I like that and then you've got these plain toppers here so I imagine you can layer some of these up on top of that but also you can stamp your images and yeah there will be lots of inspiration no doubt in the booklet but they're nice and then this is the stamp set I'm just going to turn over one of these just so we can see there what we've got so you've got these kind of sprays of flowers which will look nice over the plant pot there friends are the flowers in the Garden of Life on your special day with love happy Easter like that it's quite a large one thinking of you then you've got some leaves more lovely flowers and they're all they're not too detailed so the perfect color love the tulips and the vase happy Mother's Day it's another nice one there and then you've even got the twine with the bow which will go perfectly around the plant pot there so yeah that's nice very pretty so pop that one in there and then you've got your embossing folder and the dies now I put my dies on this metal on this magnetic sheet so they don't come with this they come on a plastic and they're stuck on there so I just took them off but I can see how already these are going to coordinate so you have this die here which will sit perfectly over there so you can die cut this piece and then you can cut it in half and you can do some really nice effects in fact I've already had a nice idea on something I could do with that so I will try that out and share that with you but the one that's totally stood out is this I think it's absolutely stunning and I don't have one with this kind of shape to it I've got ones that are very straight just to kind of you know edge your card but this one here you can create such a nice effect and I like that you have the option to have it you know die cut into the card stock or you can have it to create the edge of a card so you can imagine it would be that way you know that's a five by seven card there and that would be the edge of it but also you could do multiple strips of this you could create a really nice window effect actually so yeah I'm really looking forward to using that one because it's just that little bit different and I'm imagining that these flowers here this here would be able to layer on top although saying that there is the die there as well I don't know but they all all will work they're the same flower all of this here and everything so yeah that's really nice and you've also got best wishes now this actually looks familiar I have the I say original I mean from the main collection there is the best wishes but it's bigger so this is slightly smaller and it's always good to have you know even if it is the same die but in different sizes because you'll always make that project where your wish that something was a little bit smaller or that little bit bigger so it's yeah that's that's good I like that one like the leaf shape as well it's a little bit more more like a bubbly kind of leaf then you've got these kind of ornate decorative pieces you've got a bit of kind of trellis effect there got that swirly edge and then your flowers again these are going to look really nice distressed and that's where this is going to come into use so you'll be able to really you know roll this over them to really create some nice shape and dimension to the flowers so I think that's yep really really nice so pop that one back in there and then finally we have the pattern papers so this is the print on the front of the box really really pretty beautiful watercolor images then we've got this one which is the same patterns but just framed so again really nice and then you've got this one here which again very pretty pattern and then you've got that one there which kind of coordinates with it as well and you've got two so you've got eight eight colored card stocks and eight pattern papers they do give you a lot there you can make a lot of cards plus you have the toppers there and this will work with any other colors and things that you use as well but um really like this one let's just roll that back up and we can have a little look inside the booklet here so you'll have a welcome by Christina then you'll have your contents this is where the magic happens or where the magic happens sorry this is Christina's craft space and then what's in your box so let's just see what it does say for h yeah flower shaping tool so use this flower shaping tool to add dimension to your die cuts used with a soft mat this tool is perfect for breaking down the fibers of your card stock to add curves and shape we know you we will show you how on page 24 so yeah that's good like that one and then all the dies and now here's the card so you can straight away see that lovely curved effect there and how they've used the toppers together and that kind of trellis effect which is really nice i love the layers there with this one but um those that you know you follow me you know i always kind of do something just that little bit different so my idea isn't there let's see if what i'm thinking is anywhere else throughout the the uh little booklet here they are nice i do i really like it love the effect and that's one thing Christina always does is she does lots of layers to her cards so there's always so much detail you see all the flowers there and the leaves are really nice i do i like that they're just that little bit more rounded the round one's nice as well and nicky's done this one here so she's focused on the stamping and like blending the flowers so it's nice to use the stamped plant pot there and then actually the die cut flowers and we've got this one here and these it's really pretty making the heart there it's a nice idea and then this is the new product which if you follow again you would have seen all of this shown on my channel i'm going to be featuring the easter egg ones again soon as well or the oval sorry the oval box collection oh it's the extravagant egg die set that's going to be coming out again soon and this is my favorite i love these and then Jeanette unfortunately Jeanette's now left so it just shows how in how in advance these are put together so i'm no doubt Jeanette's seen this but that's a really pretty card again i love that she's layered up the tulips even more that's really full with the bars and used a little bit of ribbon there really pretty and then there's another one by Christina there and then she shows you how to shape your flowers and also coloring your pearls so she's using an alcohol marker there to color your pearls i have seen that being done so it's a really nice idea to just buy plain ones and then you can have them any color that you want and then here so carol she's created an easter card there so it's a nice it's a clever way to use that or that yeah that lattice effect i guess really nice and again there's another one there it's very pretty and then Christina's top five and then here we have some designed by Emma and Claire again so these are your quick there's always the quick makes so they're really really pretty and then that's the end there so yeah so my idea is not there so that's good so hopefully i'll be able to give you some even more inspiration and um yeah i look forward to that and i like collecting these i you know i try to share one to two tutorials every month featuring the latest box so i will get those out and then i collect them and i like to go back to them every now and then and i've pulled things out from them so i might think oh yeah i love the sentiment in that and the the last one that was done by Ruth i've gone to the champagne bottle quite a lot for just other cars that friends have asked me to do and also like the sentiments in that one are really nice there's a nice surprise one which i've used quite a lot so yeah it's surprising how much you kind of go to them because they're just there all together so i really like that so let's pop everything back okay so that is a box six i've also found that my ink cubes are starting to really kind of start to form a nice collection now as well and i grab them a lot because they're so small and compact i just pull the drawer out of my storage and they're there in front of me and i've got a real nice variety of colors coming together so this one's all gone out to these subscribers if there are ever any left they will put them up onto the website so i'll share the links below but if you are you know interested and you'd like to see a bit more check out my playlist i've got all the unboxings on there and i think you've still got a few weeks left to sign up for the next box which is by Helen Griffin and there's already an unboxing or kind of a look inside that box on the craft stash website so again i'll share all those links below and i'll be back again soon with another video thanks for watching bye


It's been 70 years since the armistice in the Korean War, and today, many of the divisions continue and in fact have intensified, mainly due to US intervention. A few years ago, the momentum towards peace was building up, as North Korea and South Korea held multiple meetings. But ever since Yoon Su-kyul became South Korea's president, things have taken a turn for the worse, and the Ukraine War has not helped. Today in Daily Debrief, we'll be looking at recent news developments, as well as a legacy of this bloody war. But before we go any further, please do hit that subscribe button, so that you can watch more episodes of this show and our coverage from across the world. And now let's get started on this episode of Daily Debrief. Let's start with the latest news. Over the past few days, delegations from Russia and China visited North Korea on the 70th anniversary of the armistice of the Korean War. Now, there was a lot of buzz in the western media about the missiles that North Korean leader Kim Jong-un displayed before Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu. But this is more than just some military showmanship. Russia, North Korea and China are becoming increasingly close, also due to US involvement in the region. We have with us Anish for more on this. Anish, so usually news about North Korea is always from a very militaristic perspective. It's about North Korea's missiles and all that kind of stuff. But it would seem like the Russia-China-North Korea relationship is more than just about defense. So, of course, defense is an important part of it because US maneuvers will come to that in the next question. But before that, maybe could you expand a bit on what is the nature of the relationship right now? The nature of the relationship is pretty much something of a continuation that we've seen for a very long time since the Korean War. Basically, these three have been part of the, I mean, like we could say, a de facto coalition that has resisted imperialistic designs in the region, especially the Korean Peninsula. And the fact that the involvement of China and Soviet Union as supporters of the DPRK and the communist forces during the Korean War actually also kind of builds the foundation of it. Pretty much, they haven't moved. The three of them haven't really moved away from that or veered away from that kind of foreign policy framework even after the Cold War, even after when we talk about the Semi-Polar War that supposedly existed in the post-Cold War era and even after the fall of the Soviet Union. So, the current scenario that we are seeing, it's pretty much a reinforcement of the set of friendly relations that already exist. So the invitation to the two countries, delegates of the two countries also indicates a sort of reinforcement of that friendship because, obviously, apart from the fact that they were involved in the Korean War as well as supporters of the DPRK forces, they're also the countries that have kind of protected from the worst of the isolationist policy that the US has been trying to impose on the North Korean people. And that is something that will always be remembered, obviously. And this is something that usually is used as some kind of a roundabout way to criticize or even attack China and Russia, but at the current juncture that we see with what's happening in East Asia, this is definitely a sort of, I don't want to say doubling down, but definitely a sort of reinforcing that sort of friendship that it is not shakeable at this point in time. And it's not the same that we see the kind of coalition that is happening on the other side of the water. Right, Anish. Also, I think economically the three countries also have quite a bit to offer, which is something that's not too much talked about as well. Definitely. I mean, like the fact that China cannot be at the current point when we see what happened with the trade wars and even the chip wars and how the US eventually and the US side definitely had to cave in significantly, primarily because A, these countries are the repositories of rare of minerals, which will be necessary not just for chip production, but also for any kind of major technological development that we are looking forward to in the current few decades.  It is not for nothing that it is called the factory of the world, because pretty much everything that we use and especially every kind of technologically advanced kind of equipment or any kind of electric cars, electric vehicle, advanced things that we're seeing has to be manufactured in China at some point. And this that it cannot be isolated out of that equation. It is not the Soviet Union that we're looking at, like despite Soviet Union's greatness at this time and it existed, it was kind of kept itself out of international trade and international production cycles. And that pretty much was also in part one of its undoing. But that is not something that you can expect from China. It is a very well integrated globalized economy. And it definitely is an important factor in deciding global supply chains at this point and whatever happens in China will obviously affect everybody. So this is something that is very, you know, not focused upon very, very much when we look at some kind of any kind of alarmist or any kind of water hawkish news headlines or even policy statements by different governments. Anish, moving on to the other side, we know that President Joe Biden has invited the heads of the Japanese and South Korean governments for the summit in Camp David, I believe, and I think it's on the August of 18th. And it seems like a follow up to the earlier meetings that have taken place, for instance, the Washington Declaration. And it does definitely look like, you know, tensions are definitely going to ramp up further in the region from both sides at this rate. Yeah, I mean, like it's a very classic situation because we're looking at when we talk about like as you talked about it, sure, earlier 70 years of promises and right now instead of actually, you know, de-escalating the situation, what we're looking at are, you know, policy decisions and meetings and all sorts of, you know, military alliances, that is just escalating the situation to a point where talks may not be the first option at the moment. It is becoming a very serious situation at the current point of time. We have already seen like the escalation happening very recently with the arrival of the nuclear subs in South Korean ports. And obviously the response from the North Korean side by ballistic tests and fireings happening at the same time. And obviously the victory parade was part of that in a way that it was trying to show, it was a show of strength on the part of the North Korea showing that we have allies too and we cannot be completely isolated from the world at this point in time. And so this is something that the South Korean government definitely does not consider. Obviously we're looking at UN administration being one of the most provocative, one of the most war-ockish governments that South Korea has seen in recent times. Even there have been conservative governments in the past, but even some of them haven't found this far in actually, you know, trying to push all the envelope, push the red line as far as much as possible to actually provoke the other side, which actually has new developments to begin with. And what you pointed out with the Washington declaration, it is quite interesting and quite important to note because once South Korea also becomes part of the nuclear umbrella, then we are looking at something far more serious where any kind of peace process will be impossible without the US involvement and giving US far more control over any kind of Korean resolution or peace process or unification, which is like a distant dream right now that things stand. So this is what things standard like August 18 summit will obviously be very military-centric and will obviously come like the focus I believe would be to make a historic deal out of it because obviously that is what Camp David has been used in the past as well by different presidents. So definitely Biden is looking at something historic or to give himself a mark in history that will be not erased. But what will it take, what kind of shape it will take is going to define how things function in a, you know, erstwhile tension, not tension-free but kind of like not a place where escalations were as easily possible as it is right now. Right, Anish. Thank you so much for that analysis. It's quite striking because just a few years ago, despite the fact that Donald Trump was president, there seemed to be so much momentum in the Prime Minister's declarations, Moon Jae-in's administration, all that, and all of that has been so drastically reversed just in a course of maybe a year or two very, you know, like I said, very striking developments and we'll be tracking of course the summit on the 18th of August and we'll get back on this issue with you as well. Thank you so much for talking to us. And now we go for the historical picture. The Korean War was one of the opening salvoes of the Cold War and had an impact not only on that region but across the world. It's important to remember that the war never officially ended. Only an armistice has been signed. The pattern of the Korean War went on to be repeated in many countries across the world. To think through some of this, to think through why it was relevant and why it continues to be relevant, we have with us, Praveepur Kaisal. Praveep, we're taking a historical look right now at the Korean armistice. Say it's been 70 years, we'll come to some of the more recent phenomenon but first, going back to that time, could you maybe take us to what was the significance of the Korean War itself in general? It's kind of marked the beginning of the Cold War of course. But at that time, what did it signify and the kind of forces that were ranged? You know, this is the first war which is fought post the Second World War and it's the first clash and logical as well as military between what could be called the socialist world and that time the capitalist world led by the United States of course. It started with what will happen in Korea. In fact, South Korea, North Korea division as we see today was not there at that time. At that point of time, Korea had participated on the side of the, essentially of the Japanese, certain sections over there and those who had participated with the Japanese were the ones who were picked essentially by the United States to rule over Korea after the Second World War is over and this was the genesis of the problems that took place. The certain sections which had been led by the time by Kim Il-sung who led the resistance against the Japanese. They were not going to accept somebody who was a traitor to the Koreans as they saw them to be put over then and Seung-bin Lee who was put over there was not even a Korean in the sense that he was in Korea at that time. He was really imported from the United States to take over this so-called regime which was going to be put in place and the army which had been co-opted by the Americans were the ones who sided with the Japanese. So, this is the genesis of what the Korean War was and of course both sides fought the Korean War. Who would be in that sense who would be Korea after Japan fell and in that the first of course the Americans the pro-American forces were pushed back. America entered the war directly at that point of time and then started not only pushing back the Koreans led by Kim Il-sung but also at one point of time threatened to crossover into China. China had been warning them that if we cross the 38th parallel which has become the de facto boundary at the moment then we are going to enter the war. At that point of time General MacArthur who was the leader of the armed forces of the United States there said let the Chinese come the slaughter will be great we'll slaughter them but as we know in history the slaughter was not of the Chinese of course they died in very large numbers also but also the American troops were pushed back quite a bit from near the Chinese border to the 38th parallel. Now the interesting part of all of this is that when finally the armistice is declared at that point Americans had bombed what is today North Korea in a way that is unimaginable as their own generals deposing in the Congress said not a single structure was standing in North Korea they had flattened everything but all that bombing still did not mean the military balance had shifted in the United States favor of course if it was only Koreans versus the forces that the Americans had gathered there as well as the United States yes but once China entered unlike what MacArthur had said it really wasn't the way they thought it would go and they were really pushed back at that point of time MacArthur threatened to use nuclear bombs in fact it was ultimately the US political power President Truman who decided that was a step too far and it could precipitate a nuclear war between Soviet Union and the United States because obviously Soviet Union was on China side at that point at that time he pulled back General MacArthur and said that ultimately is a President's writ which has to run finally when the 1953 armistice is declared at that point it's also interesting that apart from the first Cold War-Hot War battle that takes place the threat of nuclear weapons being used takes place also the emergence of non-alignment because at that point India's role it is only 6 years it has become independent 47 to 53 Indian role becomes crucial because at that point both the United States and the Soviet Union and China need somebody with an authority enough to be able to talk to both sides and decide how finally the military separation would take place what would happen to the prisoners of war on both sides so this is that history where actually India becomes first non-aligned power to play an important role in world history that is one part of the Korean War the other part of the Korean War again which is not well known is that there is a Unit 731 of the Japanese which involved itself in bacteriological war and other horrific experiments on prisoners of war as well as on civilians this is the Unit 731 in fact the kind of experiments it conducted were in part with what would be called the Nazi experiments which are so much talked about interestingly this unit of the Japanese army which was involved in the chemical and biological war was co-opted by the United States wholesale and they were not put on trial as for instance the Nazi scientists were who collaborated with this kind of same experiments on the prisoners of war and against the Jewish population whom they had done all these experiments and also on the Roma people these were the people on which these experiments had been done in Europe but when it came to Japan the Americans decided that the research results of what the Japanese had been done were of interest to them they protected them, took them over in fact the international scientific community which was at that time the peace movement they set up a committee to go into the allegations of chemical and biological war in Korea and their verdict was that yes there were these experiments which took place and it is true that now the historical evidence the archival evidence is public that the US did experiment using biological war and chemical war against the Chinese as well as the Korean people during that war so I think there is a lot of history which is not known which is still important but I think the most two important issues were that it was the first clash between the Soviet the post-Soviet Union between socialist countries in this case China and Korea and the Americans and their supported Korean forces the first military clash that took place the possibility of nuclear weapons being used which finally did not happen and also the emergence of non-aligned movement in the world so I think that is the backdrop which we should see the Korean War today Thank you so much Fibir, I think those three points very relevant to today's world also in some cases we have been I think the Korean region is now the farthest from peace since it was at that point of time very worrying for people across the world thank you so much for that overview that's all we have in this episode of Daily Debrief we took a detailed look at the Korean War 70 years of the Armistice, its legacy and also how some of those developments from 70 years ago are playing out today and in fact are a grave cause for concern we will be back with many more stories in future episodes of Daily Debrief see you on Monday and hit that subscribe button


7 things that Narcissists will do to regain their control over you. Narcissists want power and control. They want the ability to direct and influence your behaviour in the course of events. They want to maintain influence and authority over you. They want to determine your behaviour. When you push back against a Narcissist, they can feel that their power is slipping away. Narcissists actually have no power of their own. Their game is to trick you into giving your power to them by acts of manipulation or gaslighting. When you hand your power over to them, they then have the ability to control you. When you push back against a Narcissist, you are then realising your own power. You are then taking your power away and that is something Narcissists do not like. They don't like it when you realise your power and abilities.  They want to be in control of that so that they can continue that agenda so that the situation can work out in their favour. So although it is good to take back your power from the Narcissist, there are also some possible consequences that you need to be aware of. There are some things that the Narcissists will do in an attempt to regain their control over you. 1. They will try to love bomb you.  They will return to the love bombing. They will try to make you think that they are still the same person as though nothing has happened since then. As though nothing has changed. They might give you compliments or buy you gifts. They might take you out somewhere. It's as though they finally remembered or understood what you like to do. It's as though they've suddenly just become this kind caring person. But this is actually just an act. They don't really care about you. They're manipulating you. They're trying to regain their control over you.  It's designed to entice you. It's designed to lure you back in. They will try to attract or tempt you by offering pleasure or advantage.  They will persuade you to do something by offering a reward. But it's not because they care about you. It's not because they have your best interest in mind. It's a trick. And it's just designed to get them what they want to. They will enforce flying monkeys. Flying monkeys are people that the narcissist uses to do their bidding. They will often be used for an abusive purpose. But they can also be used to lure you back into the relationship. The narcissist will use their flying monkeys to carry information to you. As though they are trying to get you to see the light. They will try to get you to think that it's in your best interest to return to them. As though they just want to resolve the situation. When really they've been tricked into feeling sorry for the narcissist. The narcissist may have led them to believe that you have been abandoned or neglected them. In some situations the flying monkeys may be pressured by the narcissist to act in this way. The narcissist may be intimidating them. But either way this is just designed to lure you back into the cycle of abuse. The narcissist has no intention to change. They don't even think they've done anything wrong.  The flying monkeys may come to you telling you that the narcissist is sorry or they promise to change.  They will make you feel like they're the ones who have given you another chance. Free.  The narcissist always has to be right. And they will force you to see it this way. They will manipulate and lie to get their way and convince you that you're wrong. They will try to make you believe that you got the wrong idea. They will try to make you believe that you misinterpreted their actions or words. As though they never intended to cause harm or distress to you. They will try to make you believe that it was just a misunderstanding. Even though they are fully aware of what they did.  And they can make it very believable. But you need to trust your intuition. There is a reason why you pushed back or went no contact with the narcissist. They said or did something that you didn't approve of. And unless a person holds themselves accountable for their actions. Nothing is going to change. But in some situations. They will just come out and admit what they did wrong. They will tell you whatever they think you want to hear.  And that they will never make that mistake again. But this is still a part of the manipulation. They have no intention to change. They are not sorry for what they did. They are just sorry that they got caught out. They are not admitting their wrongdoing. Because they want to be a better person. Or because they have your best interest in mind. It's still all about them. They are just saying it to get you back. For. They will isolate you. They will try to make you believe that your family or friends aren't really on your side. They will try to turn you against them. If that doesn't work. They will try to turn them against you. They will start a smear campaign. They will tell them private information that you confided in them. They will try to portray you as this horrible person who has bad intentions. And then they will return to you. Pretending as though they were not a part of it. Pretending as though they don't know anything about it. Or they don't understand it. This is designed to make them your only source of influence and information. It strengthens the trauma bond. And may make it even more difficult for you to escape. Five. They will monitor you. They will wire your home or car with cameras or recording devices. They will violate your boundaries. And even watch you in your bedroom or bathroom. They will even let you know that they are watching. This is designed to humiliate you. It's designed to injure your dignity and pride. It also makes it very difficult for you to tell anyone. Because most people wouldn't believe someone will be capable of such sick and twisted behaviour. But this is designed to keep you under their control. It's designed to make them feel like they have power over you. Six. They will deny your freedom. They will control your freedom of movement and independence. They will restrict your ability to make your own choices and decisions. They will stalk and harass you. They will monitor everything you do. This is designed to intimidate you. And force you to do something that you may be unwilling to do. Seven. Coercive behaviour. They will engage in a pattern of acts of assault, threats, humiliation and intimidation. They will try to harm, punish or frighten you. They may even involve law enforcement. They may threaten to sue you. They may blackmail you. They may demand payment or other benefit from you. In return for not revealing compromising or damaging information about you. They do this to regain control over you. They do this to make you do what they want. I hope that these seven signs have been helpful to you. I hope that they have helped you to understand the ways in which the narcissist will try to regain their control over you. Thank you for watching. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. And I will talk to you in another video very soon.


Hi, it's Bridget. Welcome to Above Life Channel. The purpose here is to inspire your spirit and to fill you up with hope. Today, we are going to flash back to the time of Happy Days and we're going to chat with Erin Moran. So she's the actress most well-known for her role as Joanie in the television show Happy Days. Also, she was also on the Spinoff series. I think it was called Joanie Loves Chachi. I think that's what it was called. So we have a lot of things we can talk to her about and I've been wanting to channel you for a while, Erin. So I really appreciate you being here. She's sitting here right off to my side here, really close and her hair is black, a dark, dark, brown, black. She's almost black. She says black and it's curled like in a perm-like setting. And she's got the makeup on from, I don't know, the late 80s or something where, you know, it's brighter. It's like rosier cheeks and like the blue eyeshadow kind of a vibe, you know what I mean? Late 70s, early 80s. Yeah, early 80s. Late 70s, early 80s. Yeah, early 80s. She says 82. 82 to 84. 82 to 85. 82. 1982 dash 1984 into 85. I'm not sure what she's showing me. I'm not sure what the relevance of that time frame is. 1982 into 1984 dash 1985. So, Erin, I know that you're well known for your role as Joanie, so I'd like to chat with you about that if that's okay. I'd like to start there because the viewers will be able to connect with you at that point in your life.  So tell us, what was it like to play Joanie on the TV sitcom Happy Days? She says it was good. It was a good opportunity for me and it's not something that I take lightly. I recognize that it was an opportunity for me. She says I was frustrated at times and she's making me feel like, so the other people on set, was there frustration with the other people on set? Not really or not necessarily. It feels like it was conflicting with things. Like, I don't know if it was conflicted with school or if it was conflicting with other opportunities. She just said other opportunities. See, she says once you're known as Joanie, you know, the girl next door or the little sister, you know, it's hard to get other roles that are more serious or dramatic roles that you might want to play, and she says she's showing me that she was in some movies or a movie that looks like, it's got like the cars from like the 70s and 80s, you know, the huge, long, big cars and it looks kind of dark and drama kind of movie. I think it's a movie. It might have been a TV show. I think it's a movie that she was involved in or that she was in. And she says, but a lot of the roles weren't real serious dramatic actress roles. And any actress would tell you that you want the opportunity to really explore all those sides of yourself and really share your talent.  She says, yes, in Hollywood everyone. Everyone, doesn't everyone, doesn't everyone want to be an actress? And she said, I did theater and she's showing me like commercials and things like she was active early on. Her mom was really involved in her life and I'm not sure if it's a positive relationship or not. It's a little bit unclear to me whether I don't know if I feel like mom was helping to do the Hollywood thing, like the modeling and that kind of thing, or if mom was not for it. It's one or the other. I can't tell the contrast energy vibrationally. And I feel like I'm getting this Bible like a small town like Indiana, Ohio, something like that, like a smaller town and limited opportunities. And I feel like dad might have been in business or the business lost it. He lost his job or the business didn't go well or something about the business. And she's showing me that she has siblings as well younger looks like younger and maybe an older, maybe an older brother and then younger siblings. Now that's on the TV show you were the youngest, but in real life you were not the youngest. Okay. And then if you know her hometown, go ahead and put it in the comments below. I don't know because as you know, if you watch a bubbliff channel here, I don't Google. I don't look stuff up. You guys can do that. That's not the point of the channeling. It's to get information, insight, energetic connection about life, you know, reflect upon life and the lessons that Aaron Moran can share with us today. And there's a lot of them, I'm guessing. So what was it like to work with Ron Howard?  Like could you foresee that? And she laughs. She says Richie. Richie Cunningham, right? She says he was a good actor. He was a good, and she says method actor. He was a good method actor. I'm not sure what that means, you guys. If you know, put it in the comments below. But he, she said he was a good method actor. And she said he definitely, you could tell, she says no, she says no, no, understand that she says I was younger. So looking back now, you can tell she says you can see signs that he would be successful, she says. And just the way he could see a scene and lay it out and like want to change a few things like if like I'm going to stand over here. I mean, let's try this or let's try that, that it was sort of natural to him, she says. So you can see it. She says that you can see that now. But as a kid, as an actress, I wasn't really, I wasn't really paying much attention to that, you know. And she says she's showing me hanging out with the crew, like having some contact, a lot of contact with the crew. And I don't know if that was a big deal or what. Is there anybody else? You know, like Arthur Fonzarelli or your mom or your dad on screen that you want to chat with chat about Potsy. I don't know the name of the actor of Potsy, but she's saying something about him, like having a crush on him, it looks like. And I don't know if that was actually, is that actually part of one of the, is that one of the things for the happy days? Did Joanie have a crush on Potsy? I don't know, I don't know, but she's sending like crush on him. And then obviously Scott Beyo played Cha-Chi. So can we talk about that? Because you also had a spin-off series when Joanie, I think it's, Joanie loves Cha-Chi. I want to say when, but I think it's Joanie loves Cha-Chi. So can you talk about that? Like we're acting with Scott Beyo. He's so different now. She says he's so different now than he was back then, you know. He wasn't nearly as religious or as straight-laced, so to speak, as he, when he was younger it was different, you know. She said it was different. He was definitely, she says he was definitely, it's like motivated. He really wanted, he wanted to be successful. He wanted to be famous. And I don't know that playing Cha-Chi really could give him that opportunity, but he definitely had other options. You know, he was considered more of a heartthrob. And in those days for the guy, it was easier than for, I think for me, or for us as actresses. There was much more pressure on us. And being seen again as the girl next door to try to translate into a movie role that's like a serious role, or being seen as a sex symbol, wasn't really on the map. So when we did the spin-off, the Johnny Lo's Cha-Chi, it was sort of an opportunity for me to break away from the little girl next door and become more of a sexy young woman and then hopefully lead to other opportunities. For film in particular, she's saying for film. And she said, and I sang and danced, she says. She's showing me that she's skilled in other areas. So she sang and danced. She could sing and dance. She says not, maybe not fabulous, not great, but she shows that she must have taken some classes to expand her repertoire, so to speak, of skills and talents. So to make herself more marketable, she took other things like voice singing, like musical stuff. Like she's showing me musicals. I don't know why that is. And she's telling me she liked Judy Garland. Like she was inspired by Judy Garland and the Wizard of Oz and some of the other works. And then she says also Audrey Hepburn. So she's saying Audrey Hepburn and Judy Garland were two actresses that she looked up to. And then she just made a comment about Doris Day who just transitioned. At the time that I'm recording this video, it literally is like two days after Doris Day transitioned into the afterlife. And so this is May 2019. So she's mentioning Doris Day, and I think she's mentioning it because she's in the afterlife now. So Erin, if we could, let's chat about your transition into the afterlife. So I understand that you had some difficulties, some emotional challenges and difficulties and self-medicated maybe. Did you have some addictions? She said yes. Yes, she says yes. Emotional disorders almost like emotion. She's saying emotional disorder. So like there's not, things are not all working together in her mind. She's saying, but she's not sharing, being diagnosed with anything. But she's showing that she used alcohol and drugs. And the drugs is what really messed her up. She's saying the drugs is what really messed her up. And she said, but there is so much pressure. She said I put so much pressure on myself. And then she said, and I was, and she's saying I was raped. She's saying that. Erin Moran is saying that. And not that that is an excuse to mistreat myself and abuse myself. Having that kind of thing happen to you, she said it changes you. You just can't get right. And she's referencing the Me Too movement. So it must have been somebody.  And that that's really scary. But I don't think it was a fan that, no, she says no. It's someone older than me and it was a Hollywood related. And so she says Me Too. That's what she says. So, and then she says, don't let those people take your power. Don't let people, even if they are in a position of power and they can, they control, try to control you or abuse you or mistreat you. She says, don't let them take your power. You can still, you can go through really terrible things. She says really terrible experiences. And you can come out intact. She says with integrity and with your soul, they can't take that. They can hurt you physically, but they can't take your soul. I didn't know that. I had no idea about that part of your life. And she said it was difficult. She said I had a hard time. There were times when it was hard to go to work. And, you know, so I was so, she said I was so messed up or out of it that I couldn't work. So you were doing drugs or alcohol. You were self-medicating during the time that you were recording, were filming. So which series? The Don't He Loves Chachi. The Don't He Loves Chachi, okay. So Erin, did you actually, did you have an overdose for your death or did you commit suicide? And she says they're pretty much one in the same, aren't they? I'm like, yes, thank you for acknowledging that because I have had trouble lately, you guys. Really feeling the difference between someone that had an addiction and just had an overdose, an accidental overdose, and the energy of suicide, like taking pills on purpose to try to kill yourself. And she's saying, I'm trying to feel the difference between them. It's really hard for me to do that, Erin. So can you show me specifically? She shows me being at the hospital. So I think that more than one time she either overdosed or did attempt suicide. And then she shows me like trying to get help or counseling, help, counseling. I think it was like an intervention or something. I see both though. I see addiction and I see suicide and it's like hand in hand. So I can't be sure, you guys. I can't be sure how she died. And she said she had a lot of bad influences around her, too. It's really true the relationships that you have. And she said, I'm not blaming anyone. We can't blame anyone for our own actions, our own choices. But the relationships you have really do impact you. It really does influence you. So I would tell all the young people that pay attention to the people around you. Do they have your best interest at heart? They may not. So you need to look out for yourself. You need to really do what's healthy and right for you. That's the advice from Erin Moran in the afterlife. All right. Thank you so much for being here. I appreciate it very much. Thank you. Thank you for taking the time. All right, you guys. This is Bridget. You have been watching a channeling video with Erin Moran, Joanie from Happy Days. And I hope that this video, as always, has inspired your spirit. And given you some hope. Because this, the whole point of all these conversations is to encourage you to live your life. Because this, after all, is your life. So live it. Just live it. Thanks so much for being here. Thank you so much for watching.