In today's video, we are dealing with my unfinished business. What's up guys we're back and today, we have some unfinished business to attend to. And what is that you might ask? There's actually a lot of things, but the main thing that we are talking about today is that Black Wing Dragon. We have opened tons and tons of this Darkwing Blast set, and we have never pulled the Starlight Blackwing Dragon. Now what's so special about this Blackwing Dragon you ask? Nothing. It's not that expensive. It's the fourth best of the five starlights, so it's pretty low value in terms of starlight rares. But it is the reprint starlight in this set, and it is a 5D's Siner Dragon. So I committed early that I wanted to pull it, and now we have to continue that quest. I have 50 blister packs, which you might have seen my video the other day about my huge mistake and not opening these on time, which I probably should have. And we're going to find out if it was an even bigger mistake than I thought if we pull the Blackwing out of here, and I could have pulled this a long time ago. So yeah, we're going to be dealing with that in this video, but first we have a giveaway. I'll be giving away three of these Cyber Strike Structured X.  All right, enough of that. Let's get to it. Darkwing Blast, I believe in you. You can bless us with something amazing. Five times 10 packs. Here we go. Can we pull that starlight rare we've been looking for? There's a lot of great cards in here that are now as valuable because of the reprints, but there are still some solid cards that we want to grab. Like the finisher, the rebellion. We want to grab the Blazing Cartesia, the Bistial's, Cache Tira, I mean, there's all kinds of stuff. Finrier and Unicorn, Bistial Serenir, Bistial Druiswarm. What's the other one? I'm forgetting the other one. Magnum Hut, there we go. Bayrock Dragon, we have Camellia. Preparations, Camellia got a super in the tens. We have Turbo Tainted. Turbo Tainted, okay. It started it off with a secret rare, Rucalos. This was a huge card right off the bat, and it kind of calmed down in terms of the secret rare price. Still one of the better starlight rares you can pull, but definitely not as good as it used to be. Probably because Tira Lumens is not quite as good at the moment, did get hit a little bit. Good start, we have a secret rare. Last time I opened this, we only got one secret out, like 20-something packs, so we're already doing better than that. We have one secret out of only a couple of packs. Can we continue it? Can we pull a starlight rare? Let's go Tabari, and we need that starlight rare, the specific one. I don't want the Cartisi. I don't want any of those high rarity, not high rarity, high value ones. I want low value Blackwing Dragon. I think it's like a hundred bucks. A hundred dollar card, that's pretty big. Yeah, but it's one in 10 cases to get that specific starlight. So, you know, not worth 10 cases. That would cost you $7,000, something like that. I don't know, on average, maybe like that might be actually a little bit low. Yoshiro, we have Tobari, Scareclaw, Hanse, we have the War Chief, Caster Ogre, and the Venus Liff. All right, very nice. I mean, that's not a card I care about. We don't really want any of the Venus Liff. We don't want any of those, yeah. We're Valence. Is Valence in here? We definitely don't want that. We want something better. We want to get Biscuels. We want to get Castera, which are not, you know, I mean, Biscuels are pretty rough, but I'm not playing the game. I'm just getting the cards, so. I'm not to worry about how fun they are to play against. These are going to be rough. I'm going to try not to injure my fingers as we're going, because opening blister packs, if you try to do it too quickly, you can end up with all kinds of hangnails and stuff. I know, I have a tough job, guys. I have a very tough job. There's a lot of hazards when opening Yu-Gi-Oh! packs that you have to watch out for.  It could be really rough. Mole Cricket, and we have the Cash-Tier of Birth. Okay, we have a lot of supers so far. No Ultras.  None of the good supers either, so. We're hoping that that can turn around very soon. We have 50 packs. We want them to be epic. 50 pack opening needs to be good, right? I mean, we got a lot of chances. Frecky, we have the Tilted Entrainment Art Tool, Gory Cosmos, and the Prediction Princess. Predicting that princess. Ritual card, okay. Prediction Princess, have they ever been good? Not since I have been really, you know, vaguely paying attention. Do I remember Prediction Princess ever being remotely decent? So maybe like in the mid-2010s, late-2010s, before I was really into it, maybe that's what it was. Twinsaw Entrainment, we have Heartbeat, and Shagori Ira. Ira, shout out to Ira. Very nice shout out. Will you know the legend VOP is the question? Probably not. All right, let's go. You may know him from some videos, if you have seen all the vlogs. Four from the back. We have Castier Arimatier, Twin Shadow, Camelia, Silent Wolf, Swordmaster, Pet Liger King, Cucumber Horse, very nice. Zalamander, and we've got a spellbound Secret Rare. I pulled this one yesterday. So another spellbound, we will take that. Very good card. I don't think it's like insanely valuable because it does have an Ultra Print in the tins now, but we'll take it. Okay, will we get the most epic card in the set? And by most epic, I mean, just a random Starlight Rare. That's probably not that epic for most people, but the Blackwing Dragon is the card we want. It is the card that I have never found. There's a Blackwing. Very cool, that now has a prismatic secret.  It said, I heard me say Blackwing. It gave me a Blackwing. So maybe we can do that one more time. Darkwing Blast, come on. Give us one more chance. We believe in you. Curse of Arimatier, Pendulum, Bayrock, Frecky, Godi Cosmos, Turbo Tainted Hot Rod, Silver Sword Master, Pet Liger King, and our first Ultra Rare, the Arian Pose, Serpent of the Godi.  I don't know, let me know in the comments. How do you say that in the comments? I've never seen a comment telling me how to pronounce that card, so I need you guys to help me out. All right, next up, what will it be? Will it be, I mean, so far it's been a little bit iffy. I mean, spellbound's pretty good. Was our first secret? Oh, Rue Close is okay. So we're kind of like in the mid. Like, not like mid is in, you know, as the kids sing it these days, like bad, but as in literally like the middle, you know, it's like kind of average, which I know it's what that's supposed to mean, but nobody ever uses it in that way, when I see.  I'm talking about in the regards to, there's a little damaged card on the back, in regards to just being kind of average. And that's what we're looking at in Fertile Claims Salmon. Yoshiro, Trabogat, I can't wait till I'm like, you know, I mean, I guess I'm kind of at that age at this point. I can talk about them. Key, it's all those keys out there using these words. They don't make sense. You just gotta get on TikTok, you know. And that's where you figure out what the kids are doing these days. Not that I ever get on TikTok. I do have a TikTok, so go follow it, but I get on there, I post my video, and I get out ASAP, guys. I'm not a TikTok guy. All right, but you gotta have a presence on there, right? That's what they say. Tilting and trainment, ogre, we have decisive battle. I don't know if it even helps, but if you guys enjoy the TikTok videos, let me know, and then I'll know that I'm actually posting it to somebody that cares. Or it might be a completely different, it might be none of you guys. Maybe none of you guys watch over there. It's all like, it's all the kids on TikTok, you know, they're like, what is this guy doing? What are these cards? They've never even heard of Yu-Gi-Oh cards because they're too young. They were born after Yu-Gi-Oh was released, which is kind of scary that there's so many people out there that that's the truth for. So it says, if you are one of them, let me know in the comments. If you were born after 2002, I'm not talking about the OCG, because like, you know, it's like, if you're from the U.S., I guess if you're from Japan or something, you can let me know that. But we didn't know about it that early. One, two, three, four, at least I didn't. I didn't when I was little. We have the bamboo sword, the cherry blessing, silo wolf, Augusta, cucumber horse. Number two, let's go. Put the cucumber horse counter on the screen. Omen, brand new beast, we have two. We are making our way toward halfway. I do have a couple of stacks, so I can at least kind of guess how far in we are. Two stacks of 25, blessing, Augusta, bamboo sword, golden whip, cosmos, secret arts, spiritualist, decisive battle. Oh, and another ultra. Man, we are not getting the great ultras right now. That is not one we're looking for. It is a pendulum, which I hear there's rumors about pendulum bringing back Kirin, which look, look at me knowing all the stuff about the meta. I know, it's pretty crazy. But nobody wants pendulum back.  Triff, the king. He's the only one who wants him back. Me on the other hand, everyone else? No, get him out of here. We have tiramins, we have blackwain. It'll be really relevant for when I'm playing on master tool for, you know, in a few months, I'll play like one match or something. I'm like, oh, pendulum, I'm out of here. Let's go. Little luck for this blackwing. I'm rambling, hoping that that will bless us with some luck. If I don't talk about the blackwing, don't acknowledge it, then maybe it'll show up. It'll feel, it'll feel like it's being left out. Maybe that, that'll work. We'll see, blackwing? Wait, I didn't say anything. What, what are we doing this opening for again? Opening packs? Darkwing blast, darkwing. Wait, what's the wing stand for again? Darkwing, darkwing blast. Hmm, wing, the wing pegasus. The, the darkwing attack, the Pidgeotto. Hmm, it's not coming to me. I don't know, guys. What are we doing this opening for again? There must have been a card I wanted in here. Maybe that's something to do with the, the dark part. Dark magician, dark magician in here, maybe? Tilting and training. There's another, wow, we are getting the bad Ultras right now. There's a couple of great Ultras. We've got Fenrir, we've got Unicorn. Trying to think, I feel like there's another couple that I'm missing in terms of the Ultras. One, two, three, four. Maybe we'll actually pull them in a second. We have Underworld, Celestial, Wipmaster, Blessing, Turbo Tainted Hot Rod, Silver Sword Master, Liger King, that's a Ruxen special right there. Oh, a Ruxen special! That's the play set of cucumber whores. Even more important than the power load. Let's go, that's three of those. Good start. I mean, we've opened 22 packs and gotten three, so it's a short printed comment, just saying. No, it's not, I'm just kidding. I'm just saying that. It's not actually true. Here we go. Apparatus, Psychic Grover, Golden Whip, Camellia, Cosmos, Turbo Tainted, Silver Sword Master, Liger King, Chinook, the Snow Blast. All right, the Snow Blast. There's the blast from the Darkwing Blast. Blast from the past. Not really though, because I don't know if that's really Chinook. I don't think that's a new card. It is about Blackwings though. Which, wait, what? Did I say Blackwing? Interesting, man. That's what I was thinking of. Sky Ninja, Dancing Leaves, Entrainment, Little Arc bait. We got the Iron Dagger. Cast your birth. This is the halfway point, guys. Got to be a slightly longer video, so hope you guys are enjoying it. If you are, don't forget to subscribe to the channel for more content like this. And maybe not like this, who knows. We've got a lot of videos potentially coming up. Let's see what we can do. Can we pull something Epic Zonda showdown? It's probably Double Cross. Wow, this is fine. It's a fine opening. Nothing too exciting, but we really need something exciting. Halfway point is passed. This is it. This is the 26th pack of 50. We pulled a couple secrets, so we're kind of on pace for the secret rears. You know, two per box, basically. Starlight rears. I would love to pull one, but obviously those are gonna be really difficult with only 50 packs. Entrainment, Rex freight for hire. I would love to pull something big. I would love to. Let's do it right now. Pull something crazy. I believe in us. One, two, three, four. That card that is crazy that we are searching for is, will I say its name? You should not speak its name. Hybrid. What's it called? Oh, here we go, Camellia. Ninja, let's go. Enough Harry Potter references. Hot rod, spiritualist. War chief. Man, we are getting a lot of supers. It feels like random ratios, you know all these blisters. So no Starlights yet. Starlight would be pretty epic. I would be happy about that, obviously. And really what I would be happy about if it's at least Starlight. One, two, three, four. You gotta believe that it will happen guys. Noodle inversion, Squall, Tessia, Secret Arts, Golganda, Zonda, Mole Cricket. Starlight, no. If you weren't paying attention, try to fake you out. I should do that at some point, just freak out over like it's a Starlight or something.  There's like, whoa, whoa, whoa. It's just a superhero. We have Augusta, bamboo sword, Whitmaster, Secret Arts, Hot Rod, Dancing Leaves, Zonda. Ooh, a Sprite Sprint. I think this got banned. Didn't this get banned? I think it did. This was like a $20 card originally. Which one is this? Oh no, wait, maybe I'm thinking of something else. Yeah, this card I never played with because I only played on Master Duel and I played before Darkwing Blast Cards came out in Master Duel. I'm assuming they're out by now, surely? Yeah, I think they banned it knowing Sprint was coming out, so it was the other link I think that they either put to one or banned, I can't remember. And that was probably in Master Duel, not in the, I don't remember what they banned in real life because I am locked into the banless meta, but yeah, it's just, there's a lot to remember with all these banless predictions and stuff that I do. Okay, what can we get here? We have the Amazonus Golden Whip, Natria Chameleon, bamboo sword, Tria Blessing, Silver Sword, Cucumber Horse number four, baby. Counter's on the screen, we got a wicked wind. All right, not bad, not bad. I just got a TikTok notification, which is kind of funny that we're doing this video and I was talking about TikTok earlier and now I got a TikTok notification. Usually I happen on Do.Disturb and I forgot, so I think somebody saw this video ahead of time in the future and left a comment. It's kind of crazy. Sammon, decline, preparation, scream. We have Hot Rod, Pet Liger. Oh, and a lovely Labyrinth of the Silver Castle. There we go. That one's probably still decent. I mean, just got the reprints, probably not, but man, there were so many good cards in this set. I mean, lovely Labyrinth is great. I mean, originally when it came out, it wasn't a great card because the Labyrinth's deck wasn't really good yet, but then it became pretty solid. Okay, yeah, for a while there, before they had reprinted Darkwing Blast and Lady Labyrinth had, you know, Labyrinth was popping off. Like this set was even more insane. Like everything in it was just a banger, just pretty awesome. One, two, three, four. We have Twin Shadow, Tabari, Puffin, Yoshiro, Swordmaster. Oh, number five, let's go. We have Blackwing, Sights of Battle, and Brandy Regained, Decent. Let's go, Silent Wolf. That just feels like, this just feels like an old school card, doesn't it? Just like that artwork and the name and stuff. Black Shadow Squall, Tessia, Secret Arts, Battle of Golgonda, Zonda. Ruxen Special, right into the cover card, Blackwing Assault Dragon. This is not the Blackwing we're searching for, but it is the cover card. So usually that means the card's not worth much these days. Apparently they do that in Magic the Adherin too. They put the crappy part. My crappy, I mean, not valuable.  Lo love to do that. One, two, three, four. We have Augusta. It's been a fun video so far. We still have a lot of chances left. I believe we can, is that Four Secrets? Five Secrets, Spellbound. Let's go, another Secret. That's two of those. I mean, three, and if you conclude the last video, we are pulling a lot of Spellbound. Yeah, that's Four Secrets, I think. Or Five Secrets, that's really good. That is hard to top. Five Secrets out of less than 50 packs so far. Pretty good. None of them have been Loubellion though, unfortunately. I would love if we could pull that guy. I'm maybe a Cash-Tier or Fenrir, Ultra Rare. We have Twin Shadow, Bamboo Sword, Curse of Arimatir, Soul Scissors, Spiritless, Preparations, Godi Cosmos. Our first good big-time super, Bistial Magnum Heart. There's three Bistials in here that are decent and we finally pulled one. Magnum Heart used to be a $20 rare. I mean, Super Rare, sorry. That was absurd for a while. You could open a pack and five X your money pulling a Magnum Heart Super Rare. It's pretty nuts. Pretty fun, one, two, three, four. Let's see if we can pull another one. Let's get the other ones, the Serenir and the Druze form. There we go, I knew I was gonna pull it when I couldn't whip the name out. I was like, I'm definitely gonna pull it now. Druze form, very nice. That is a good one. This one is now worth more on the Mega 10, so I don't know if it's because of banless speculation or whatever, but I'm guessing Magnum Heart's a little better so it might get hit. Druze form, maybe second best, so it's kinda holding off. The Serenir when this first came out was not very good and I'm assuming that it's gone up because of banless fears of the other cards, but I don't actually know that because I don't really follow the meta too much. We have another Ultra. That's an Injitsu again. That's not very good. After back-to-back Bistials, though, I can't complain there. Okay, this one is not wanting to open up. There we go. We're probably down to 10-ish packs left out of our 50 packs. Honestly, it's been a pretty good opening. We've pulled a lot of secret rares, which you cannot complain about. Couple of nice Bistials. We have not pulled the Fenrir or the Loubellion, which are the top cards. I can't pull this pack for some reason. Oh, whoa, what is this? It's an error. Look at this. Look at the name. There's just a bunch of junk on it. See if I can zoom in a little bit. You guys see that? What in the world happened there? What are they trying to do? They're trying to cross out the MU and, what? This is an MBT special. No way. With risk of demonetization, I'm not gonna say anything, but oh my goodness. Yeah, what a wild-looking card. And what a hilarious card for this to be on. It's a pretty solid card, too. We'll take it. That's six secret rares. Somebody sent that clip to MBT because I know he would appreciate. I think Konami might've heard his pleas. Okay, here we go. One, two, three, four. That's wild. That's hilarious. Augusta, is this? It's like wanting to focus on the background now because I zoomed in. Let's see if that looks better. There we go, scream. Twin saw, we have tilting and trainments. That's a rucksack special, by the way. I'm falling apart. I was pulling these cards good earlier. All right, dark wing blast. I feel like it looks different now. Something happened based on when I tried to zoom in there. It was worth it though. It was worth it. One, two, three. That card's damaged on the top right there. Fortunately, it's not a hollow card. Stars align. War chief, kiaido, silver sword, cash tier of birth, okay? We still be searching. Last few packs, somewhat of a long video. Pretty crazy what has happened so far. Six secret rares is definitely not a bad opening. Now, will there be a starlight rare? One, two, three, four. I believe we can do it. Yoshiro of the Aqua, the maiden of the Aqua, retrained, very weird. Bibliomuse, full bloom. Oh, another one. That's like number six or something. I don't remember. Cash tier ogre and black feather whirlwind. We have not pulled a Sarenir yet. All right. We have underworld ritual. Celestial, golden whip master. Blessing, hot rod, sword master, pet liger, cucumber horse again, and Mitsu, the most epic starlight. That's the only starlight that is worse than the black queen dragon in terms of value. Last few, I think we're down to six packs left. This is the sixth to the last. We've opened a lot. We have 12% of the packs left. There's something weird going on. Oh, that's three straight cucumber horse. This is getting insane. And Spellbound, it's a play set of Spellbound. What is happening? Spellbound is insane. This is wild. Seven secret rares? So by the ratios, you should only pull 4.1 or .05 or something from 48 packs or 48 should be four. And we've pulled seven now, once you're out of 50, which is pretty wild. Those two extra packs, pretty crazy, huh? We have the Tobari. Please, please. My phone is freaking out now. Frecky, which yes, I do use my phone. People ask me all the time, wait, you only use your phone? Yep, I use my phone to record. That is it, rucks and special. These days, cameras on phones are pretty crazy. So they will do. My face cam was just a webcam for a long time. You guys saw the difference when I finally upgraded. But if you are starting early on, you definitely don't need anything super nice. You can definitely pull it off with lower quality. It's no big deal. I mean, people don't really care. They don't really notice until they see you with higher quality on one. And then the next one, they're like, wait, this doesn't look as good as before. That's the only time they notice. As long as you're consistent, you're good. I like that I have 4K option now though. I didn't for a long time, but I think 4K looks way better, but 4K is not necessary at all. Like 1080p is very solid. Black Shadow Squad, we have Tessia, Pendulum, Bay Rock, we have the Dancing Leaves, Zonda, Showdown, Rucks and Special again. I'm doing it every time. Two packs left in this opening. Can't really ask for much more, except for the unfinished business. And that is the Black Wing Starlight Rare. Let's go, one, two, three, four. Starlight Rare's right here. We have the Ritual Twin Shadow, Bamboo Sword, Curse, Scareclaw, Spirit, Warchief, Caster Ogre. All right, saving it for the last pack. I respect it. Last pack magic. Will there be a Cucumber Horse? Will there be a Black Wing Dragon Starlight Rare? Not Secret Rare. Will there be a Caster Finderer? A Loubellion? Even a Sarenir. We haven't pulled that yet. There's a lot of cards that we won out of this last pack today. Make sure to subscribe to the channel if you guys have enjoyed it. Don't forget to enter the giveaway. Let's go. Let's see what we can do. Star is online. Last pack magic right here. Black Wing Dragon, Kiata Spirits, Amazon Silver Sword Master, and it's a wrecked Sprite for hire. All right, all right. Not too crazy on that one. We're gonna have to finish our unfinished business at a later date. Shout out to Tomefo Show, Daxter, Tomato Juice, Puffins of Doom, Ernesto Dina, America Doister, Supreme Stage 21, CJ, and then a Thai show Ian Moosa, Junior Barting, Robert F., and Thomas McClain. Thank you guys for supporting the channel. I'll see you guys in the next video. Peace.


Hey, welcome back everyone to theCUBE's coverage of AWS re-invent 2021 in-person, it's a live event, physical in-person, also virtual hybrid. So a lot of great action online. Check out the website, all the videos are there on theCUBE as well as what's going on here. But all the action's on site in theCUBE's here. I'm John Furrier, your host with Dave Vellante, my co-host founder. We've got David Brown, VP of Elastic Cloud Compute, Compute Cloud EC2, known as EC2. The bread and butter, our favorite part of Amazon. David, great to have you back on theCUBE in person. Well John, it's great to be back. That's actually the first time I've been on theCUBE in person as well. A lot of virtual events with you guys, but it's amazing to be back at re-invent you. We're so excited for you. I know Matt Garmin and I have talked in the past, we've talked in the past, EC2 is just an amazing product. It's always been the core block of AWS. More and more action happening, and developers are now getting more action in there as well. We wrote a big piece about it. What's going on? The silicon's really paying off. You've got the also general purpose Intel and AMD, and you've got the custom silicon all working together. What's the new update? Give us a scoop. Well John, it's actually 15 years of EC2 this year, and I've been lucky to be on that team for 14 years. And so incredible to see the growth. It's been an amazing journey. The thing that's really driven us, two things. One is supporting new workloads. And so what are the workloads that customers have available out there trying to do on the cloud that we don't support and launch new instance types? And that's the first thing. The second one is price performance. How do we give customers more performance at a continuously decreasing price year over year? And that's just driven innovation across EC2 over the years with things like Graviton, all of our inferential chips are custom silicon, but also instance types with the latest Intel, Ice Lake CPUs, latest Milan, we just announced the AMD Milan instance. It's just constant innovation across the ever increasing list of instances. So it's super exciting. So instances become the new thing. Provision in instance, spin up an instance. Instance becomes, and you can get instances, flavors almost like flavors, right? Yeah, take us through the difference between an instance and then the EC2 itself. That's correct. Yeah, so we actually have, by end of the year, right now we have over 475 different instances available to you, whether it's GPU accelerators, high performance computing instances, memory optimized, just the enormous number. We actually hit 500 by the end of the year. But that is it. I mean, customers are looking for different types of machines and those are the instances. So the custom silicon, it's one of the most interesting developments. We've written about it. AWS's secret weapon is one of them, right? I wonder if you could take us back to sort of the decision points and the journey.  And then now you're seeing the acceleration, your time to tape out is way, way compressed. Maybe, what was the catalyst and maybe we can get into where it's going? Yeah, absolutely. Super interesting story because it actually starts all the way back in 2008. In 2008, EC2 had actually been around for just a little under two years. And if you remember back then, everybody was like, well, virtualized and hypervisors, virtualization, would never really get you the same performance as what they were calling bare metal back then, right? As everybody's looking at the cloud. And so we took a look at that. And I mean, networked latencies, in some cases with hypervisors, were as high as 200 or 300 milliseconds. And it was a number of real challenges. And so we knew that we would have to change the way that virtualization works and get into hardware. And so in 2010, 2011, we started to look at how could I offload my network processing, my IO processing to additional hardware. And that's where we delivered our first Nitro card in 2012 and 2013. Where we actually offloaded all of the processing of network to a Nitro card. And that Nitro card actually had an Anapuna ARM chip on it. Our Nitro one chip. For the offload. The offload card. Yeah, and so that's where my team started to code for ARM. We started to work on how Linux works for ARM. We actually had to write our own operating system initially, because there weren't any operating systems available we could use. And so that's where we started this journey. And over the years, when we saw how well it worked for networking, we said, let's do it for storage as well. And then we said, hey, we could actually improve security significantly. And by 2017, we'd actually offloaded 100% of everything we did on that server to our offload cards. Leaving 100% of the server available for customers. And we're still actually the only cloud provider that does that today. Just to interject, in the data center today, probably 30% of the general purpose cores are used for offloads. You're saying 0% in the cloud. On our Nitro instances, so every instance we've launched since 2017, our C5, we use 0% of that central core. And you can actually see that in our instance types. If you look at our largest instance type, you can see that we're giving you 96 cores. And we're giving you, in our largest instance, 24 terabytes of memory. We're not giving you 23.6 terabytes because we need some. It's all given to you as the customer. So much more efficient. Much, much more efficient. Much better price performance as well. But that ultimately, those Nitro chips, we went through Nitro 1, Nitro 2, Nitro 3, Nitro 4. We said, hey, could we build a general purpose the way a server chip could we actually bring on into the cloud? And in 2018, we launched the A1 instance, which was our Graviton 1 instance. And what we didn't tell people at the time is that was actually the same chip we were using on our network card. So essentially it was a network card that we were giving to you as a server. But what it did is it sparked the ecosystem. That's why we put it out there. And I remember before launch, she was saying, is this just going to be a university project? Are we going to see people from big universities using ARM in the cloud? Was it really going to take off? And the response was amazing. The ecosystem just grew. We had customers move to it and immediately begin to see improvements. And we knew that a year later, Graviton 2 was going to come out. And Graviton 2 was just an amazing chip but continues to see incredible adoption. 40% price performance improvement of other X86 instances. This is worth calling out because I think that example, the network card, I mean, innovation can come from anywhere. This is what Jassy always would say, is do the experiments. Think about the impact of what's going on here, right? You're focused on a mission. Let's get that processing at the lowest cost, pick up some workload. So you're constantly tinkering and we're tuning the engine. New discovery comes in. Nitro is born. The chip comes in. But I think the fundamental thing, and I want to get your reaction to this is we put this out there on our post on Sunday. And I said, in every inflection point, I'm old enough, my birthday was yesterday, I'm old enough to know that. I saw that. I'm old enough to know that in the 80s and other client servers shifts, every inflection point where development changed, the methodology, the mindset or platforms changed, all the apps went to the better platform. Who wants to run their application on a slower platform? And so in those inflections, so now that's happening now, I believe. So you got better performance and I imagine that the app developers are coding for it. Take us through how you see that because, okay, you're offering up great performance for workloads. Now it's cloud workloads, that's almost all apps. Yeah, can you comment on that? Well, it has been really interesting to see. I mean, as I said, we were unsure who was going to use it when we initially launched and the adoption has been amazing. Initially, obviously, it's always, you know, a lot of the startups, a lot of the more agile companies that can move a lot faster, typically a little bit smaller. They started experimenting, but the data got out there, right? That 40% price performance was a reality and not only for specific workloads, it was broadly successful across a number of workloads. And so, you know, we actually just had SAP, who obviously is an enormous enterprise, supporting enterprises all over the world, announced that they're going to be moving the S4 HANA cloud to run on Graviton 2. It was just phenomenal. And we've seen enterprises of that scale and game developers, every single vertical, looking to move to Graviton 2 and get that 40% price performance. Now we have to, as analysts, we have to say, okay, how did you get to that 40% and you have to make some assumptions, obviously.  I think you were running it. I don't know if this, it's speculated anyway. I don't know if you guys, it's your data, two and a half, 2.5 gigahertz. I don't know if we can share what's going on with Graviton 3, but my point is, you had some dry powder. And now you have, with Graviton 3, quite a range of performance, because it really depends on the workload. Maybe you could give some insight as to that. And what can you share about how you tuned Graviton 3? When we look at benchmarking, we don't want to be trying to find that benchmark that's highly tuned but then put out something that is, hey, this is the absolute best we could get it to and that's 40%. So that 40% is actually just on average. So we just went and ran real world workloads. And we saw something with 55%, we saw something with 25, depending on what it was. But on average, it was around the 35, 45%. So at least 40%. And the great thing about that is customers come back and say, hey, we saw 40% in this workload. It wasn't that I had to tune it. And so with Graviton 3 launching this week, available in our C7G instance, we said 25%. And that is just a very standard benchmark in what we're seeing. And as we start to see more customer workloads, I think it's going to be incredible to see what that range looks like. Now Graviton 2 for single threaded applications, it didn't give you that much of a performance boost. And that's what we meant by cloud applications, generally multi-threaded. And Graviton 3, that's no longer the case. So we've had some customers report up to 80% performance improvement of Graviton 2 to Graviton 3 when the application was more of a single threaded application. So we started to see. I mean, try another single thread. The other key point I want to add is the time to market is compressing, right? So you have that, go ahead, sorry. No, no, I always want to add one thing among the difference in single and multi-threaded applications. A lot of legacy are single threaded. So this is kind of an interesting thing. So the mainframe migration stuff, you start to see that. Is that where that comes in the whole? A lot of the legacy apps, but also even some of the newer apps, right? If a single threading in like video transcoding, for example, is all done on a single core. It's very difficult. I mean, almost impossible to do that in a multi-threaded way. A lot of the crypto algorithms as well, encryption and cryptography is often single core. So with Graviton 3, we've seen a significant performance boost for video encoding, cryptographic algorithms, that sort of thing, which really impacts even the most modern applications. So that's an interesting point, because now single threaded is where the vertical use cases come in. It's not like more general purpose OS kind of things. And Graviton's already been very broad. I think we're just knocking down the last few verticals where, maybe it didn't support it and now it absolutely does. And if an ISV then ports, like an SAPs ports to Graviton, then the customer doesn't see any, I mean, they're going to see the performance difference, but they don't have to think about it. They just say, I choose that instance and I'm going to get better price performance. So we've seen that from our ISVs. We've also been doing that with our AWS services. So services like EMR, RDS, ElastiCache, have all been moving and making Graviton 2 available for customers, which means the customer doesn't have to do the migration at all. It's all done for them. They just pick the instance and get the price performance benefit. So, yeah. I think, oh no, that was serverless. Sorry, I haven't done that. Well, Lambda actually just did launch on Graviton 2 and I think they were talking about a 35% price performance improvement. Who was that? Sorry. Lambda. A couple of months ago. So what does an ISV have to do to port to Graviton? Yeah, it's relatively straightforward. And this is actually one of the things that has slowed customers down is the, wow, that must be a big migration, right? And that ecosystem that I spoke about is the important part. And today, with all the Linux operating systems being available for ARM, running on Graviton 2, with all of the container runtimes being available, and they saw the open source applications and ISVs being available, it's actually really, really easy. And we just ran the Graviton 4-day challenge and we did that because we actually had an enterprise migrate one of their largest production applications in just four days. Now, I probably wouldn't recommend that to most enterprises, obviously it was a little too fast, but they could actually do that. It's just from a numbers table. That's insanely amazing. I mean, when you think about four days. And when we talked virtually last year, this year, I can't even remember now, you said, we'll just try it. That's right. And so I presume a lot of people have tried it. Well, that's my advice. It's the unknown, it's the what will it take. So take a single engineer, tell them, give them a time. Say you have one week, get this running on Graviton 2. And I think the results are pretty amazing. Very surprising. You know, we were one of the first, if not the first to say that ARM is going to be dominant in the enterprise. We know it's dominant in the edge. And when you look at the performance curves and the time to tape out, it's just, it's astounding. And I don't know if people appreciate that relative to the traditional Moore's Law curve. I mean, it's astounding. And then when you combine the power of the CPU, the GPU, the NPU, kind of what Apple does in the iPhone, it blows away the historical performance curves. And you're on that curve. I wonder if you could explain that to folks. So with Graviton, we're optimizing just across every single part of AWS. And one of the nice things is we actually own that end to end. So when it starts with the early design of Graviton 2 and Graviton 3, and we're obviously working on other chips right now, we're actually using the cloud to do all of the electronic design automation. So we're able to test with AWS how that Graviton 3 chip's going to work long before we've even started taping it out. And so those workloads are running on high-frequency CPUs on Graviton. Actually, we're using Graviton to build Graviton now in the cloud. The other thing we're doing is we're making sure that the Annapurna team that's building those CPUs is deeply engaged with my team who are going to ultimately go and build those instances so that when that chip arrives from tape out, I'm not waiting nine months or two years, like would normally be the case, but I'm actually have an instance up and running within a week or two on somebody's desk starting to do the integration. And that's something we've optimized significantly to get down. And so it allows us to get that iteration time. It also allows us to be very, very accurate with our tape outs. We're not having to go back with Graviton. They're all A1 chips. We're not having to go back and do multiple runs of these things because we can do so much validation and performance testing in the cloud ahead of time. This is the epiphany of the R model. It really is. It's a standard. When you send it to the fab, they know it's going to work, right? You hit volume and it's just amazing. No fab.  Well, this is a great thread. We'll stay on this because Adam told us when we met with them for re-invent that they're seeing a lot more visibility into use cases at the scale.  It makes the economics work. Makes the economics work, hence the timing, the shrinking time to market. Not there, but also for the apps. Talk about the scale advantage you guys have. Absolutely. I mean, the scale advantage of AWS plays out in a number of ways for our customers, right? The first thing is being able to deliver highly optimized hardware. So, we don't just look at the Graviton 3 CPU. You're speaking about the core count or the frequency, and Peter spoke about that in his keynote yesterday, but we look at how does the Graviton 3 CPU work with the rest of the instance? What is the right balance between the CPU and memory, the CPU and the hard drive? What's the performance in the drive? We just launched the Nitro SSD, which is now we've actually, we're building our own custom SSDs for Nitro, getting better performance, being able to do updates, better security, making it more cloudy, which is saying we've been challenged with the SSD in the past. The other place that scale's really helping is in capacity. Being able to make sure that we can absorb things like the COVID spike, right? Or the stuff we've seen in the financial industry with just enormous demand for compute. We can do that because of our scale. We're able to scale. And the final area is actually in quality. Because I have such an enormous fleet, I'm actually able to drive down AFR, so annual failure rates. And we're well below what the mathematical, theoretical, tenant or possibility is. So if you look at what's put on that actual sticker on the box that says you should be able to get a 4% AFR, at scale and with focus, we're actually able to get that down to significantly below what the mathematical entitlement was actually being. That's incredible. What a great, and this is the advantage, and that's why I believe anyone who's writing applications that includes a database, data transfer, any kind of execution of code will use the stack. Why wouldn't they? Why wouldn't they? If you're, we've seen this, like you said before, whether it was PC, then the fastest Pentium, or somebody who's developing a Unix box, right? ISVs wanted to run as fast and as cheaply as possible. And now power plays into it as well. Yeah. Well, we do have, I mean, I agree with what you're saying. We do have a number of customers that are still looking to run on X86. Obviously customers that run Windows. Windows isn't available for ARM, and so that's a challenge. They'll continue to do that. And you know, the way we do look at it is, Moore's Law kind of died out on us in 2002, 2003. And what I'm hoping is, not necessarily bringing Moore's Law back, but that we say, you know, let's not accept the 10% to 15% improvement year over year. There's absolutely more we can all be doing. And so I'm excited to see, you know, where the X86 world's going. I know they're doing a lot of great stuff. Intel Ice Lake's looking amazing. Milan is really great to have on AWS as well. Well, I think it's a fair point, because you look what Pat's doing at Intel, and he's remaking the company. I mean, I've said he's going to follow in the ARM playbook in my mind a little bit, and which is the right thing to do. So competition is a good thing. Absolutely, yeah. We're excited for you and it's great to see Graviton and you guys have this kind of inflection point. We've been, you know, trying it for a while, but now the world's starting to see it. So congratulations to you and the team. Thank you. Just a couple of other things. You guys have some news on instances. Talk about the deprecation issue and how you guys are keeping instances alive real quick. Give the plug. Yeah, you know, we're super customer obsessed at Amazon and so it already drives us. And one of the worst things for us to do is to have to tell a customer that we no longer support in a service. You know, we recently actually just deprecated the EC2 classic network. I'm not sure if you saw that. And that's actually after 10 years of continuing to support it. And the only reason we did it is we have a tiny percentage of customers still using that from back in, you know, 2012. But one of the challenges is obviously instance hardware eventually will ultimately time out and fail and have hardware issues as it gets older and older. And so we didn't want to be in a place in EC2 where we would have to constantly go to customers and say, that M1 small, that C3, whatever you were running, it's no longer supported, please move. That's just a tax that customers shouldn't have to do. And if they're still getting value out of an older instance, let them keep using it. So we're actually just announced and reinvented my keynote on Tuesday, the longevity support for EC2 instances, which means we'll never come back to you again and ask you to please get off an instance because we can actually emulate all those instances on our nitro system. And so all of these instances are starting to migrate to nitro. You're getting all the benefits of nitro for now some of our older Zen instances. But also you don't have to worry about that work. It's just not something you need to do to get off an older instance. That's great, that's a great service. Hey, stay on as long as you want. Yeah. When you're ready to move, move. Okay, final question before I know we've got time to, I want to get this in. The global network you guys are known for, AWS Cloud WAN service. Yeah. Give us an update on what's going on with that. So Vernick just announced that in his keynote. And you know, over the last two to three years or so, we've seen a lot of customers starting to use the AWS backbone, which is extensive. I mean, you've seen those slides in Virtus Keto. It really does span the world. I think it's probably one of the largest networks out there. Customers starting to use that for actually their branch office communication. So instead of going provisioning their own international MPLS networks and that sort of thing, they say, let me onboard to AWS with VPN or Direct Connect and I can actually run the AWS backbone around the world.  You've got to think about transit gateways. You've got to think about those interregion peering and AWS Cloud WAN takes all of that complexity away. You essentially create a Cloud WAN, connecting to it with VPN or Direct Connect. And you can even go and actually set up network segments. So essentially VLANs for different parts of the organization. So super excited to get out there. I think we've seen more customers. The ease of use is the key there. Massively easy to use. And we have, you know, 26 SD-WAN partners. We've even partnered with folks like Verizon and Swisscom in Switzerland for Telco to actually allow them to use it for their customers as well. And the other ones. You can use the service someday when we have a global rollout. Yeah, let's do that, yeah, the Q-global. And then the other ones, the M1 EC2 instance, which got a lot of applause. Absolutely, absolutely. Yeah, I think it's based on A15, which is, you talked about 15. Yeah, so that's the Mac. We've got to be careful, because M1 is our first instance as well. Yeah, right, that's a little decision there, right? So it's the Mac. The EC2 Mac instance with the M1 silicon from Apple, which we see pretty excited to put out there. Awesome. David Brown, great to see you in person. Congratulations to you and the team and all the work you guys have done over the years. And now that people starting to realize the Cloud Platform, the compute just gets better and better. It's a key part of the system. Thanks for sharing. Thanks John, it's great to be here. Thanks for sharing. The silicon angle is here. We're talking about custom silicon here on AWS. I'm John Furrier, David Brown. You're watching theCUBE, the global leader in tech coverage. We'll be right back with more coverage from re-invent after this break.


Welcome back everyone, day two here. The Cube's live coverage, Washington, D.C. for MY's, Mandiant's Worldwide Information Security Conference Exchange Communities here. We're here with the man, Kevin Mandia, CEO of Mandiant N, with now with Google Cloud. Great to have you on theCUBE. Thanks for joining Rob, Stretchy, and I here on theCUBE. Thank you guys for having me. First of all, I want to say we really appreciate what you guys do for the industry and for companies, protecting them in an era of where we're being attacked and the adversaries are winning. Now we have AI coming on and your keynote illuminating that, so I want to say thank you for that. Appreciate it and you and your team and your ecosystems developing. Let's get into it. So obviously, we're in an era now where cyber security, we all know what it is. Everyone's buying every tool on the planet. Anything that comes out, they buy it. C-SOS are under pressure. We're in kind of a generational shift. We had web, mobile, AI now hitting another inflection point that might change the game on how things are built, platforms are built, apps consumed, tools built. So we're in kind of this AI journey. That's all the hype. But that could have a material change. That was part of your keynote. Where are we right now in the progress with AI now as a gift and an opportunity? Well, I think the timing of it's well. And I'll go back to the threats first. I've been responding to security breaches since 1995 when I was in the United States Air Force and things have changed in the last few years, meaning, and it's always evolving and everybody talks about the threat evolution, but specifically China's innovation on offense just blows me away over the last year. So when I was reading the forensic reports we were doing in our investigations last year, we saw the offense from China really graduate. It was freshman squad, it was the JV squad, it's varsity squad now and it's playing real ball. It's got zero day capability. It's surreptitious. They're operating at scale. And when you see the rules of engagement, here's the thing guys, there is no agreed upon global rules of engagement in the cyber domain. So we learn it by observing other nations and we're observing China's innovation blowing away the other nations right now. And that's a problem. That means we have to change defense because you have a national capability behind these intrusions. And I'll leave you with this thought, nation state versus company, the nation's going to win in the cyber domain. They're going to put the puck in the net. So that means we have to change our defense and the shift change to AI is coming at the right time because I think the threat landscape is getting a little bit, it's more targeted, but it's more effective. The offense is doing pretty well right now. We are in DC, obviously, in Silicon Valley where I live, Rob's in the East Coast as well. The narrative hasn't really been aggressively talking about this where we are essentially like a thousand paper cuts. And what is our doctrine as a country in the public sector? Because I mean, if people are landing on our digital shores and they are and impacting our lives and we have victims happening everywhere from all kinds of attacks now, breaches, what's the public policy narrative? I know you guys are leading that. You brought up in your keynote, but this is like a big deal for the average person in America and companies who have to defend themselves. They don't have a militia.  I can tell you this, in the private sector we've got to build secure by design code. We got to work hard to do it. I think it's very hard to do. The biggest software companies still have vulnerable code, but we don't want to ship vulnerable code. We recognize it's hard. We got to help the smalls and the mediums. So I think it's on the private sector have secure by design principles and have software that updates itself to help people avoid misconfigurations. It's on us, because we don't want to see legislation say, here's how good your software needs to be in security. And that would be hard to legislate anyway, by the way. I wouldn't want to try to. We don't want to go there. We need to figure out in the private sector, how to make the private sector more secure. And then we need to figure out how to share with the government, all the different intel that we've got. And it's team ball in the cyber domain because only the government can bring risks and repercussions to the threat actors that are attacking us. So we're going to do the best job we can in the private sector. Companies like Microsoft and Google, we're all going to work hard to help people build secure code. We're going to work hard to make sure we have an ecosystem that is more secure, harder to penetrate. And then we're going to share information with the government. The government's going to share information with us. And then we're hoping the government can also, the only deterrence you'll ever have is if there's risks or repercussions to the threat actors. And that could be democracy. That could be, I should say this, it could be doctrine. It's going to be diplomacy. It's going to be arresting people. We have to do something there as well. The wild card and all this, and this came out of your keynote and the panel after, is the interesting angle is that the collaboration and aspect of security sharing could be the wild card in the new model of global data. Yeah, and we do share, it's interesting though, the sharing, when Ukraine invasion happened, the private sector and the government, we had Slack channels open, we're sharing information, everybody looking for it, is there anything news or anything novel, and how do we do shields up? And I think we literally called the campaign out of sys, it was called shields up. But then over time, determination wanes. It's hard to keep that constant vigilance. So every once in a while you have to lean in, CEOs have to lean in and get their people, lean in and push, always keep the channels open, because the threat doesn't actually alleviate ever. So we focused on Ukraine and we're good at the specifics, but now we've got an ongoing, almost like that tsunami wave, it just keeps coming at us. And the boiling frog analogy, we got to get out in front. And so it's well aware, government partners, private sector folks, we're aware of that thing common. And so we got to maintain the constant vigilance. And to your point about China really ramping up and becoming a varsity team, we do a lot in the open source community. We see a lot of China being involved in the open source community. Does that worry you that they're really amping up where they could be in the supply chain and where they're trying to evolve? Everybody's where supply chain risks, right? Everybody's building software that depends on software that depends on software. And ultimately what I've observed and learned the hard way as a computer science major by the way, and then later as forensic science, is geopolitics is reflected in software. Geopolitics is reflected in malware. Doctrine is reflected in how people behave in the cyber domain. You've got to buy software that is built in countries you trust. And companies have to earn the right to do business internationally by being trustworthy in how they develop software. That's interesting, you bring your computer science background, I think that's interesting. We're in an era now where a lot of the lawmakers have legal law degrees, not CS degrees. I want to get your thoughts on the notion of systems thinking versus tactical execution. Because starting to see now platforms emerge where cyber is now not just a department, it's actually embraced everywhere, designed in at the beginning of all applications. When you look at the industry, the idea of systems thinking where there's consequences is it shields up, channels open. You're kind of going down this operating system model where there's an operating model of a security. That is not obvious to the industry tenders who are building products. What do you view on this? Yeah, see I described that as the evolution to companies would get breached and respond to sole entities. Then you started seeing ISACs form and industries starting to respond to threats. You have to have national response or international response and it does need to be collaborative and coordinated. Otherwise it's just not as potent, quite frankly. And so that's what I described that as, is we need a process that over time gets even more formal where we have a national response to the cyber threats we're aware of. I love the data conversation. Security and data go hand in hand, AI's based on data architectures, observation space, lateral movement, all this is like you're watching things, right? This is what you have to do.  LLMs, everyone's seen the hallucinations, they see that data injection. What's the role of data? It will it change, what's your vision on data? Because you've got software supply chain, but now you've got data supply chain. You need data real time. It's a great point. And you all have AI experts tell you these things and I kind of think about it with the front row seat. The data that goes into the model matters and that's why we have SECPOM for security. It's a special large language model for our practitioners to derive better conclusions period. And you're going to see industries even probably pop up around AI where they have what they think is the most unique data to create the best models to have the best bias, quite frankly, but the best decisioning to their AI. So that's going to happen, I would think. Yeah, I mean that totally makes sense that you would have a segmented or specific language model for what you're doing. How do customers take advantage of that? How do they engage with their AI? It is very early on. So here's what I will tell you. We're still rolling AI into our products. I would say this is the first inning. It is coming faster than any technology I think we've seen in our lives. I always likened it to, and I hate using this analogy because it says something about me, but I own a Tesla. And I remember the day it said it could drive itself and I remember thinking there's no freaking way this car can drive itself. So I gripped the wheel the whole way home. The very next day it drove me. It was amazing how fast we had the trust. I think you're going to see in AI an adoption that's very quick, but we got to watch it because a lot of times it decides something's bad and you wonder why did it decide that was bad? In my world of security. And so there's still a human element that needs to be involved for what we're doing right now. And those hallucinations you talk about is as fast as it can have the right conclusion, we don't know why. We have a wrong conclusion, we have to figure out why. It's interesting, we were talking about in theCUBE a couple of conferences ago about how AI conversation matches the chess conversation. Chess and AI have been around for a while, humans versus computers, humans. But humans plus AI have been very effective, has opened up the aperture for more grandmasters. So you're seeing AI augmentation, the human creativity. Is there a creative class emerging in cyber where AI is going to open up more talent? Or not? How do you see that? From my standpoint, AI is going to reduce the asymmetry between offense and defense, too much asymmetry. Right now one person working for one hour on offense can create thousands of hours of work for millions of people. This is called asymmetry. So we got to reduce the toil, AI is going to be great at that. Chess has a lot of patterns. AI is great at pattern recognition, great at doing those sort of things. We're using AI to reduce the toil of experts and scale experts so that your tier one security operators can see what experts have learned over the last decade at the speed of compute. So you're going to see the ramp up of expertise faster with AI. You're going to see a massive reduction in toil. And I'll give you one last example on this. I used to write forensic reports when I did investigations. And I literally spent, anecdotally, 80% of my investigation was actually just documenting it. That's not real work. If you can auto-generate the documents, I got to spend 80% of my time investigating every, you know, overturning every rock. That's where the action's going to be.  The pace of play, the pro level of cyber is unlike anything you've seen in IT. I mean, the game, the speed game is so hard right now. How do you look at that with your customers and your team because you've got to be a tech athlete to compete at this level? And how do we get that bar lowered a little bit, to get more democratization in there? Great questions. And actually football's not a bad analogy because it's a much faster game today than it was 30 years ago. And you know, people are bigger, faster and stronger. Same in cyber, offense is bigger, faster, stronger. Fine, don't be intimidated by that. We are building learning systems. One of the reasons Google bought Mandion is we know about new and novel before most organizations. You know, 63 zero days out this year we found a lot of them, you know. Actually, I should say the adversaries found them and then we found them. But that being said, we are closing the security gap by responding to breaches and getting our capabilities not just Intel, but everyday Mandion folks are finding the needle in the haystack and we can automate that and put it in the technology then respond at compute speed and that scales. That goes down markets to those who can't defend themselves. I think that's a great example of how Mandion scales with AI because your workflows, your expertise can be prototyped and replicated into software. Yeah, I always like it and I'm probably totally wrong in this analogy, but if you've got Lasik surgery done on your eyes, you want it designed by the best eye doctor and you want it done by whoever did like Tyler Wood's eyes or Michael Jordan's eyes. That's the doctor I want. Well, Mandion's responding to the most complex intrusions and we're going to build into our technology the means to stop those or prevent those. So that window, that security gap, I think it'll always exist. Our ability to secure everything before we roll it out is hard, but that gap between what we roll out and when it's secured, we're massively reducing that window of exposure. Yeah and I think building off of that off the football analogy, I think it's muscle memory, a lot of it. You got to get in the game and have muscle memory and I think you brought up, hey, if you haven't done a tabletop exercise in two years, you may. What are boards thinking about? You're talking about boards all the time. So it depends on when you're talking. After a breach, there's one minor thought, but every board wants to do the right thing. Every board wants to stand third-party inspections as something negative happened to their company and every board's wondering how good are we and how do we know? My recommendation for a board would be really two-fold. Red team, your networks, get unbarnished truth. Control the scale and scope of the red team, but say you have five days to get into this network and make some threat become a reality. If the red team can't do it in five to 10 days and they are an Apex attacker capable red team, you should actually feel pretty good about that. But what if they do get in? Then you have a prioritized list of what you need to safeguard against and then the tabletops absolutely matters. You want a tabletop exercise, the exact threat you're worried about in the cyber domain at your company and have the board involved and it doesn't need to be 24 hours long or 12 hours, even just two hours of we had a ransomware attack, we lost Miami office, we can't do business operations, we can't ship food, we can't take patients into a certain part of the hospital, whatever it is, simulate it because you learn who takes control, who needs to know what and when, can you operate through compromise and you may even learn to do the tabletop. If we do two or three more things, oh, we can take patients here or we can do off internet business operations just as effectively. Kevin, one of the things that's happening right now is on the news is the MGM and Casino breach. We were actually at a show last week at the ARIA and they were impacted. This comes out of the social engineering as a big message in this show this year is that everyone will be compromised at some point. You have to assume that. You talk a lot about the social engineering, preventative, we're going to another stage of cyber, share your thoughts on how to manage through the security mindset around social engineering and prevention. Yeah, I can tell you this, help desks were started to help people and they are going to help people which makes them uniquely vulnerable to exactly the attacks that happen at an MGM or happen at Caesars or other places. It is breaking human trust and so we have to have defenses that allow us to, and I'll speak nerd for a second, we can't have one-time authentication or one-time passwords with SMS text anymore. We just can't do it because of SIM swapping. We have to have help desks that if you bought a new phone and you want to register it so you can log in to the company, we're on a Teams meeting, a Zoom meeting, a Google Meet meeting, or a FaceTime and we're verifying you via your license or your face and you're verifying IT if they call you because the social engineering is actually happening bidirectional. They may be the IT department calling you saying we need you to do something or it may be them calling a help desk saying I need you to reset my passphrase. But again, you want your help desk to help people but you're going to have to change how they do that. Yeah, I mean, one of the things that's always concerning, you mentioned Apex attacker in your keynote, China obviously, those techniques. What is the A game right now on the Apex category? How would you, what does it look like for the folks that want to understand this further? The A game on offense is you hack a platform that doesn't have a lot of defenses to it, such as a firewall, such as a VPN edge device, such as a home router, and you get into there, there's no EDR, there's no CrowdStrike running, there's no Windows Defender. And then from there, they somehow can get a credential or two and laterally move to the crown jewels very quickly. You respond to that and you say, hey look, there's no evidence that anything happened. Because you can't investigate the appliance at the border because it's an appliance black box, you have to ship that to the vendor. And then there's just valid log-ons between boxes. And you don't know if it's Jay Smith, the employee at the victim company, or Jay Smith from China logging in. The Apex attacker, Microsoft, us, CrowdStrike, we call this living off the land. Where the attacker gets in, there is no malware. They're using valid credentials and they're accessing the network components the same way your employees do. So we have to somehow that magic wand that says, oh that's Jay Smith's account being used from a Chinese operator versus that's Jay Smith, the employee. And there are differences and it comes down to you have to have anomaly detection for identity. And this was what I talked about at Keynote. Assume prevention fails, the zero-day works, you need to right away have custom detection on your accounts and your identities and how they're used. The rise of zero-day also came out of the keynote, the numbers are up, but also it tells a different story. People are ready for it, trying to be ready. What is the situation with zero days right now? Is AI helping that along for the attackers and defenders? So AI is going to help us secure code. Everybody wants to secure the code before they ship it. And we're all using environments so that our coders are in an environment where they get suggestions in real time, this is more secure. We're actually scanning our repositories, we're checking things at run time. And yet we still have vulnerabilities. But AI, absolutely because code is structured, you can train AI and you can train models and you can get more structured secure code. So we'll do that. And so I'm confident that the advantage the defender has over the offense, we should have access to our code before they do. And we should know our environments, our business and our people better than they do. So I think AI is going to advantage defense far more than offense. Yeah and it seemed like that a couple weeks ago at Google Cloud Next, there was some announcements with Duet being integrated with Chronicle and a number of other things. Do you see more of that happening between what you're doing as Mandiant now that you're part of Google Cloud? Meaning more integration between all that. So we just did an internal hackathon. We added over 40 teams, all security based. Like how can we use Duet to augment our teams? Get better intel faster. Have like the incident bot tell you what your next step should be.  And you can talk to our PMs when we'll ship them, you know, if we ship them. But you can't stop progress and that's what we're starting to see. Our teams sunk their teeth into Duet and they're going to start using it. You've been a great leader in the industry. I want to say that it's been amazing to see what you guys have done at the highest level at Mandiant, now part of Google with Duet and brings up the question that we were discussing even last night with some of the product people at Google. There's another generation coming into the business. Some are saying that the demographics of the hack and was 18 to 21, these kids were using Google Docs in middle school. So they know Google. They know technology and so this native new generation coming in, what's it like for them? What's the skills look like? How do you hire? What's your advice to the next AI generation? They're all more optimistic, you know. But they are. It's great, you know, when I got into security it's like you had to come from the military. You had to be law enforcement. You had this mission mindset. A lot of us took oaths to defend the Constitution. It was just a smaller cadre of people. We need way more people coming into it. And I think they're going to learn a lot faster we did. I can tell you my generation, it's like we learned everything the hard way. How do you do this? There's no one to teach us, we got to figure it out. Now at least it's a professional career. We didn't call it cybersecurity when I started. And in fact, when we started doing threat intelligence we had intel analysts and I wasn't sure there was a career path for that. I didn't think there was a career path for those who hunt down artificial amplification for disinformation. But now it's a professionalized career path. So folks getting into cybersecurity today are going to learn faster, have real mentors, have broader experiences, and quite frankly probably be more effective than what we were. The director of FBI was out there also making a pitch so that people in the crowd help join his team or join, collaborate. What's your, I won't say pitch, because it's not a pitch. It's really more of a call to arms. For the young kids out there who are 15, maybe in college who are natively getting computer science skills or coding Python in their sleep, the naturally breathing computer science. What's the opportunity in cyber? What would you say to them out there? What is the aperture? What's the buffet of options that someone might want to get kind of lean into and kind of have fun? Well, you're talking, so it's funny. You led that with the FBI, so I'll do a pitch for them. One of the most altruistic entities and missions you can have in the world is help the good folks and protect them from the bad folks. Get into the FBI. Pursue a career in cybersecurity so that you can help pierce anonymity behind threat actors or bad actors. And the number one deterrent for all the cybersecurity threats we're responding to is you arrest people. You get people to stop. I think it's too lucrative to get them to stop any other way, by the way. So there's those career paths. The military is a great path. The mission to defend the cyber domain as a soldier is a great thing. The mission to go to Microsoft or Google or CrowdStrike or Palo Alto Networks or Sentinel One or Kato Security or all the companies that are here. We are all protecting a domain in ways the private sector doesn't defend land, air, and sea.  We can do it. What's a skill that someone might have, an innate skill that someone that's unconsciously knowledgeable about their domain? Got a lot of gamers out there. I see young people very strong at multi-player kind of thinking. What's a skill that would tell someone that they have an aptitude for being an Apex player? First, you always hear curiosity. In reality, a high level of exactitude, like chasing something down, pulling a thread till you've pulled it, till there's no more left to pull. If you're doing forensics on a machine, in incident response, you need to know Cisco routers, you need to know Windows, you need to know Unix, you need to be able to learn how any application, whether malware or regular applications, valid applications, read, write, store, and delete data, but the number one attribute is the pursuit of what the hell happens. I mean, it really is. Kevin, I really appreciate your time. We went long, we got extra innings here, so to speak. Overtime, sudden death, whatever you want to call it. Whatever sport we're using. Really appreciate what you've done, helping the biggest companies and the most important players now with Google, helping others who can't defend themselves, get armed and forearm for the offense. Thank you for your time. Appreciate you having us, theCUBE. Okay, we're live day two, kicking off. I'm John Furrier, Rob Stretcher here. Getting the data and sharing it with you. Masterclass here at Mandiant, always fun. We'll be right back after this short break.


All right, first of all, what is collagen, actually? Well, it's actually the most abundant protein in the human body. Now, collagen is made in all mammals and animals, but it's not made in plants. So why is collagen associated with looking younger? And does it support hair, skin, and nails? Well, in fact, collagen, since it's the most abundant protein in the body, is a large part of what your hair, your skin, and your nails are composed of. So in fact, that's why collagen is so important. But the big question is, does collagen in and of itself promote longevity? There is no evidence that eating collagen, drinking collagen, is gonna change how long you live. But getting collagen producing collagen is going to make sure that you have the building blocks for tendons, bones, skin that are going to definitely contribute to longevity. So why do people swear by collagen shakes and bone broth? First of all, let's take a trip back down memory lane. The original source of most collagen in people's diets was actually animal gristle. The tendons and the connective tissue that was present in animals, whether it was chicken, beef, pork that were grazing. And unfortunately, we had to cook these for a very, very long time. And the tendons and the gristle would break down and we would eat it. We would have consomme, which was actually gelatin as a treat at a fancy restaurant. We would have consomme as a soup for lunch. We had a great source of gelatin almost every day of our lives growing up, and that's jello. Most people don't realize that jello was actually rendered beef, tendons and gristle, the stuff that you would normally throw away. And adding sugar and a coloring turned it into one of the most ubiquitous foods when I was growing up. We got collagen almost every day of our lives. So one of the things that's lacking in our diet compared to our parent's diet or my age is that we did not get almost a daily routine dose of gelatin. And that's why people to this day will use gelatin or gelatin capsules as a way of getting collagen in their diet. The problem is collagen has to be broken down into individual amino acids to be absorbed. Yes, it's possible to absorb several bound amino acids together through the wall of your gut, but whole collagen does not get absorbed. It's too big a molecule. So you could have all the bone broth in the world, all the collagen powder in the world, but you actually have to break that collagen down to be absorbed. Once it's absorbed, there is no instruction manual on the other side of your gut that says, oh, this person just ate collagen. Here's the building blocks for collagen. Let's reassemble it as collagen. No, you'll use those amino acids as you see fit. You may use them for energy. You may use them to turn into sugar or fat, but there's no manual that says you got to remake collagen. So always keep that in mind. And there are numerous studies showing that collagen does not cross the gut wall. Another really important point, a cow doesn't eat collagen. A cow eats plants. The cow makes collagen by eating plants. And if you think cows are deficient in collagen, then just look down at your shoes, which are made of cow hide in most cases. And that looks like pretty tough stuff. That's basically pure collagen that that cow made by eating plants. How'd the cow do that? It got the essential amino acids that make up collagen by eating plants. And we know what those amino acids are. They're proline, they're lysine, they're glycine and isopropylene. Those are the molecules that make up collagen and they're very prevalent in plants. So just like a cow, we can get all the precursors for collagen we need by eating plants. So which ones are good? Well, root vegetables are rich in these amino acids. Beets, leeks, great sources of these amino acids. Animal products, parmesan cheese is an amazing source for these amino acids. A2 milk products are good sources for these amino acids. Aged cheeses in general are great sources for these amino acids. The same goes for avocados and nuts. I even take lysine and proline in supplement form. And I take glycine in supplement form and you can find these easily and they're cheap. So it's easy to get the precursors that you'll actually absorb rather than going to the trouble of breaking down collagen into its individual amino acid. Now what I've found as most people have noticed is that if you're eating the plant paradox way, you're going to get plenty of these building blocks for making collagen, but here's the thing. Collagen has to be locked together with vitamin C. Think of collagen as the rebar in our highways or in our building. So collagen has to be knit, the rebar has to be knit together. And it's actually vitamin C that takes these individual strands of collagen and knits them together. Now unfortunately, we do not manufacture vitamin C. And I've given a whole lectures about this. So you really have to take vitamin C either as a timed release formula or chew a vitamin C tablet multiple times a day. Now why is this so important? Well, collagen is one of the building blocks of our blood vessels. And one of the things that happens as our blood vessels flex is the collagen gets broken. You have to have vitamin C to re-knit that collagen to smooth the pothole in the road. If not, unfortunately collagen is very antigenic and we can actually deposit cholesterol on it. Why is that important? Well, we know that smokers get coronary artery disease wherever the bends in blood vessels occur. And that's because smoking uses up all the vitamin C in these smokers because of oxidative stress from smoking. That's why smokers have more wrinkles that unfortunately all the vitamin C that would repair your wrinkles, the broken collagen is used up in oxidative stress from smoking. So there's an amazing rat study that was done a few years ago. They genetically engineered rats to lack the gene to make vitamin C from glucose. There's actually five of them. We have all five except the last one is turned off. It's what's called a ghost gene. So they engineered these rats to have the human vitamin C genes. Those rats lived only half as long as the rats who were normal. So what did they do? They put vitamin C in the rat drinking water. So they were drinking vitamin C all day. And when they did that, the genetically engineered rats that could not make vitamin C lived every bit as long as the normal rats. Once again, showing how critical it is to have vitamin C for normal health. So if you want great hair, skin and nails, yeah, collagen is what you want. You don't need to swallow the bone broth and collagen. You don't need to eat Joao.  And one of the amazing things about people who follow the Plant Paradox program is they notice almost immediately within a month or so that their skin is far more radiant and their wrinkles are quite frankly disappearing. And so the best approach to having great hair, skin and nails is from the inside out, feeding your gut microbiome, feeding them the foods you want, getting vitamin C in your diet. Now sunscreen, most of the sunscreens out there are filled with endocrine disruptors. They're filled with parabens.  Polyphenols protect against sun damage. There's also a polypotein, aka fern block, which is a supplement that you can take. I don't use sunscreen as you know, but I use these blocks that you can swallow. They have been shown to effectively block UV rays when you swallow it. If you must use a topical sunscreen, look for zinc or titanium based and avoid paraben or methylparaben. Again, take timed release, vitamin C when you're out in the sun. If you smoke, quit. You really want vitamin C in your diet. Nails, there are some excellent silica supplements out there for those of you who don't know what silica is. It's sand. Horse tail, bamboo or silica supplements are easy to obtain. You can get powdered or liquid silica supplements. I put some in my coffee every morning. Biotin, biotin is a component of healthy hair, skin and nails. Be careful. Do not take a biotin supplement within a week of having blood draw, a lab draw. It'll screw up several of the tests your doctor may be worried about. Costco cells are quite good. Hair, skin and nails supplement that a lot of my patients like, it works and it's cheap. If you found this video helpful, I think you're gonna love this one. If you look at super old people who are thriving in their mid to late 90s, early 100s this group of people have the bacteria that make urolithin A.


This is why narcissists are so crazy, narcissists are mad, they engage in wild and aggressive behaviour, they're not sensible or logical, they're unpredictable and non-conforming, to where they don't seem to care about anything and clearly there could only be one logical explanation for that, which is that at some point in their childhood they did care about something but they were told that it was wrong or it didn't have a favourable result, maybe they were abused or neglected, so from that point on they learned that there's no use in caring about anything, there's no incentive for them to do good, love is a weakness, love is for fools, because they tried that already and they never got them what they wanted, so now they're more motivated to engage in things that are bad and wrong, whatever gets them ahead, whatever gives them the upper hand, because they've learned that doing the right thing doesn't work, if it had worked for them in the past, they would have continued on that path, so at some point of course we have to look at their parents, their upbringing and their environment, we could even blame society as a whole as well, because if someone is on the right path in life and they're doing the right thing, then yes they are deserving, they do deserve love and happiness, they do deserve good things in their life, but then we also have to consider the fact that many of us had a rough childhood, many of us experienced abuse and neglect and yet we didn't become narcissists, we continue to take other people's feelings and needs into consideration, and many of us even became empaths, which proves that the abuse that they experienced decades ago is not an excuse for their behaviour because they made a conscious choice, scientists have found that babies aged between 19 and 21 months already know the difference between right and wrong, they understand fairness and they can apply it in different situations so they already knew exactly what they were doing, a narcissistic personality disorder doesn't develop until around age 18, their parents may have been neglectful or demanded perfection, but the narcissist still made a choice, just as many of us who had had a similar upbringing chose to remain compassionate towards other people, and it's difficult to believe that throughout their entire childhood they couldn't find any success in treating people right, but they made a conscious choice to seek power and control and to not care about anyone or anything but themselves and it's likely that they felt as though they had nothing to lose, they weren't afraid of how it would affect their image reputation or of the person that they would become and what they might otherwise lose in the process because they had nothing to lose, while what stops us from engaging in destructive behaviors and activities is being aware of everything that we could lose because we have values and morals we believe in God so we understand that we're meant to live in a certain way and that if we go against that we would lose favor or possession of power and honor and it would affect us not only in this life but the next, but narcissists do not have this fear they're not afraid to act out or abuse people because they have nothing to lose so despite this character that they're displaying to you they clearly don't believe because if they believe that there are consequences for the rations they wouldn't act out in that way so they really don't believe they are lying they may have friendships or relationships at most people would fear losing that through unfriendliness or opposition they would fear losing relationships that are based on shared feelings, interests or experiences but narcissists don't fear losing that they have nothing to lose because all of their relationships have been unstable they've probably never seen a stable relationship before so they just feel you as something temporary they can engage in extreme behavior because they have nothing to lose they treat you as an extension of themselves and they project everything they hate about themselves onto you so it's very easy for them to act out because they don't even value themselves if they did they would pay attention to the things they don't like about themselves and then they would try to improve they act mean aggressive and hostile because they have nothing to lose they've never seen a stable relationship in their lives and they've never felt loved or valued by anyone so they're not concerned about the reputation because they assume that even if they act out no one is going to care or notice because no one valued them to begin with and they never even valued themselves enough to refrain from engaging in that type of behavior because they have no identity so they're not worried about their reputation which is why they're ready to leave and find a new identity and reputation somewhere else because they have no sense of loyalty they have an inability to understand, recognize or value commitment and dedication because it never served them in the past and they've never seen it benefit anyone else which is how they can change their entire life because they have nothing to lose they don't value their reputation with you because they can shapeshift and start a new reputation somewhere else which is what separates us from them it's how they can be unfriendly and oppositional while we choose to refrain from engaging in that type of behavior because we have a lot to lose not only in this life but in the next life as well our reputation is very important to us which is why we do our best to maintain it because we don't want to lose it which is why we must avoid narcissists because if you haven't experienced it yet being involved with narcissists will not only affect the reputation that other people have of you but it will also affect the reputation that you have of yourself it will begin to affect your credibility which is why you have to separate yourself from them and go no contact because otherwise they will get you caught up in things that you may never have thought you would have been a part of they will bring you down with them and it's because they have nothing to lose they have everything to gain from you but again it's not because they value you as a person you're just a means to an end they come around you only to take or destroy you because they do see you as something useful and advantageous but that's clearly not how you see them that's why you're watching my videos because you've identified a problem you see that their behavior is dysfunctional you're giving out but you're getting nothing back in return and the only reason you may have stuck around this long is because you fell for their lies and future faking or maybe because you felt bad for them but at some point you need to take a step back to see how this is affecting you because why they may have had nothing to lose you have a lot to lose and if you've been around them this long you've probably already lost a lot and it is time for you to stop losing because you are never going to win with a narcissist you are never going to be good enough for them you could be more than enough for someone else just not for them because even if there was a perfect person walking the earth they would still find a way to destroy them and it's because they're envious and jealous and they have nothing to lose which is why they're never going to take accountability for anything they do we take accountability because we believe that we can improve and be a better person for them we have a lot to lose so we have a lot to give but they don't take accountability because they already know that they can't improve or be better for you if they could do that they would have done it a long time ago that's what any narcissists would do to trap and enslave their supply which is all they're really trying to do they don't do that because they can't as I said they have nothing to lose and they have everything to gain from you which is why they rely so heavily on their relation and deception because that's all that they have to give when in actuality that is nothing of value because they're only resulting you losing more in the end they manipulate you only so that they can take something from you but sometimes they don't even do that because they know it's just not going to cut it it's not going to be good enough so sometimes you won't even get the illusion from the narcissist all you will get is abuse or sometimes they will even discourage you before you catch on to the fact that you are being fooled when a narcissist knows you're not going to fall for their games they will drop you like a hot potato the game only continues if they think you're susceptible and if that doesn't work they will find something else because they don't want to take responsibility for the consequence of their actions it's too painful and they're pleasant for them so instead they will get upset and blame you for their own wrongdoing to where you become like their parent or caretaker and you're left to enforce obedience of what appears to be an unruly child what they have all of these justifications and excuses because they like character they have no inner sense of value if they did they would take responsibility on their own they would want to be better so this is why they don't want to accept what they've done or the consequences of their actions because they wouldn't know where to start they wouldn't know how to compensate for their actions considering the fact that they're typically the cause of everything that goes wrong at times it may appear as though someone else was at fault but under careful observation it will always come back to them because they really have nothing to lose if they found their shame which they're constantly trying to project on to you which is why it's so important for them to not be to blame for anything it's a defense mechanism because they don't want to accept that they've done anything wrong even if it was conscious and deliberate they want no parts of themselves they don't want to be involved in anything that they have caused even though it may appear at times that they understand it's only so that they can take the heat off of themselves in that moment which to make you think that you're on the same page so that they can later pull the rug out from underneath you when you least expect it because that is how they get supply they are master manipulators they are the orchestrators of everything that goes wrong and yet they're also waiting for you at the outer perimeters of the blast so that they can be the judge, jury and the executioner it just prevents them from being eaten alive by their own self-hater and shame because if there's one thing they can't stand it's when you constantly try to convince them that they're a bad person or that they have done terrible things which is why what you really need to do is set strong boundaries you need to define what is okay and what is not okay for you and you need to make it clear that you're not going to continue to engage in that behavior that hurts you the problem is that as soon as you do that it will trigger the narcissist abandonment wounds and they will fear that you will reject to expose them so by that point they will either rip off their mask and show you who they are in an attempt to intimidate you into not leaving or they will be forced to accept that the jig is up their game is over and then they will become more covert where they will gossip about you and spread rumors behind your back they will enforce their flying monkeys and start a smear campaign in an attempt to control you and by this point there is nothing you can do to get through to them you can't make them care about things that they don't care about because by now they've already disowned these native parts of themselves and assigned them to you which shows that they have no intention of changing or improving anything because they don't even accept themselves and if a person doesn't accept themselves or the things that they've done in the past there's really no hope for them they're never going to change they're always going to be that way many people have wasted years of their lives trying to get them to understand or to get them to care about things that can actually benefit them in the long run but it doesn't work you just need to recognize that you are not responsible for their actions and it is not your duty to punish them for their wrongdoing it's not even possible for you to make them care that they have caused you pain or distress or that they are even responsible because you can't expose them to the entire world you can't prevent them from hurting other people if that's what they choose to do and you can't prevent other people from falling for their lies and relation if you make it your mission to punish or expose the narcissist it's only going to hurt you because it keeps them as the center of your world where everything has to revolve around them it keeps you trapped in pain especially if they've done something terrible or illegal when you try to punish or expose them it does nothing to them they don't even care they will find a way to adapt to it because they thrive in dysfunction anyway they enjoy it it's just a part of the ride it's like an adventure to them and it just gives them even more reasons to despise you which in turn makes them feel more comfortable and sane and it will just give them even more motivation and feel to move on to the next situation which is very easy for them to do because they have nothing and they value nothing so what have they got to lose which is why the only thing you can do is remove yourself from the situation you need to hold yourself accountable so that you can protect yourself because that's what your power is while their lack of accountability will lead to a culture of blame low morale and decreased productivity often as a result of an adequate or ineffective communication and they will experience dissatisfaction with their level of responsibility so while things may look bad for you in the beginning in time it will begin to level out and it will affect them more than it affects you which is why they always come back with a hoover or they use smear campaigns to control you because yes they already understand their wrongdoing and the effects that it had on you and they know that your accountability is going to lead to your success while their lack of accountability will eventually lead to their demise thank you for watching if you found this video helpful please give it a thumbs up share your thoughts in the comment section hit the subscribe button to receive the notifications if you would like to support the channel you can donate at payable.me slash Narc Saviva you can book a one on one with me on my website it's Narc Saviva the code UK thank you for watching and I'll talk to you soon