A warm welcome to the 26th session of the third module of signals and systems. Now enough of just looking at sampling and reconstruction. We should be able to do something with the samples that we have created and we should be able to bring variations into the reconstruction process which will be of use to us. In fact, what we are going to embark upon in this session is a whole new branch of signal and system theory where we bring two seemingly disparate ideas and signals and systems together and therefore, we bring continuous and discrete systems together that is the theme that we wish to address. What do I mean by that? Notionally, I want to do the following. I have a continuous time system or a continuous independent variable system. It takes an input x t and produces an output y t. Now, this could be anything. It could be an analog filter, it could be some analog processor, it could be an equalizer in the analog domain, whatever you desire. We wish to construct here an equivalent system where the processing that the continuous system does. So, we want an equivalent system where the processing that you are doing can equivalently be done in discrete independent variable by using a discrete system. We do not want to rely entirely on continuous variable system. There are good reasons for it. You see continuous variable systems although they do deal with a wider range of possibilities also are much more inflexible. They are sometimes less robust, they are not easy to build upon and therefore, what we envisage is a situation like this which I am now going to show you. So, I take a continuous, I take the same continuous signal x t. When I say continuous signal, I mean continuous independent. So, let me write continuous variable signal that may be better. I pass it through a sampling mechanism and remember the sampling mechanism needs to be practical. It cannot be ideal. Now, I need to convert these samples into numbers which can be stored in a digital memory. Now, the output of this which is essentially a digital memory whereas, store all these samples in digital format can be given to a digital processor. What is called a discrete time or digital? We will see more of this you know as we go along. Here what I mean by a discrete time signal processor is something that takes the sequence that is coming. Now, remember there is a sequence created. You had a continuous independent variable signal, you have sampled it and therefore, you have now produced a sequence, a sequence of samples which have been stored in digital memory. And you can do what you like with the samples because now all the flexibility that a computational device can offer is at your doorstep. So, come back to this. So, you have a discrete time or a digital signal problem. Of course, there is a little difference by the way between discrete time and digital. Discrete time really means as the name suggests that you have discretized or you have made the independent variable discrete. Digital means you have also made the dependent variable discrete. We will come to that distinction shortly. We will note it down. But assuming that you have a sequence here now, you know you can think of this as a sequence. In fact, you can call this an input sequence. This discrete time or digital signal processor would now work on this input sequence and produce an output sequence. And now, this output sequence can be subjected to the action of a reconstructor, reconstructor from samples. And we have seen several reconstructors. This gives you back the analog output or as we said earlier the continuous variable output. Now, there are standard names for different parts of the system which I am now going to identify.   And you take these samples and put them into a digital memory. This whole thing is captured by what is called analog to digital conversion. And this reconstructor from samples that you have here is termed digital to analog conversion. In fact, there are also abbreviations. So, analog to digital conversion is often abbreviated by ADC and digital to analog conversion by DAC. So, you know you must have often heard about these things. Nowadays they are quite common. You must have heard that the ADC is not doing its job so well or the DAC you know in all these digital devices these terms are well known and well understood. But now, we are looking at it from the signal systems perspective. Sampling and reconstruction has a very important whole dimension of practical applications. In fact, in a way now go back to this drawing. What you have here is a fully new paradigm of how you are going to process signals. So, instead of doing the processing in continuous independent variable format, you are doing the processing in the discrete domain. Now, of course, all this assumes that you can keep fidelity in the system. That means, by doing all this business you have not lost what you would originally want to do with the continuous time processor. So, of course, what would you assume then what you would of course, assume that your signal is band limited. So, we can only do this with band limited signals. Now, we must also bring out the clear distinction between discrete time and digital. I have already said that briefly, but let us write that down. Discrete time is essentially discrete independent variable and digital is both discrete independent variable and discrete dependent variable. So, what it means is the memory has a limited resolution or a limited accuracy with which you can represent samples. This is not too difficult to understand. You see, we talk about 8 bit memory, 16 bit memory. Essentially, you are representing each sample in a certain finite number of bits. So, it is called finite precision representation. Well, in a calculator or in a computer, you all know that numbers are ultimately represented with finite precision. You really cannot have infinite precision of representation. You do not notice it, because that precision is so large. It is not difficult today to think of 16 bit or 32 bit computers with 32 bits. We can hardly see the inaccuracy caused by finite precision representation. And therefore, today when people talk about digital signal processing as we are doing here, they are not too careful to distinguish between discrete time or discrete independent variable signal processing and digital signal processing. That is because that loss of accuracy in finite precision representation of the samples is negligible. But you know, digital signal processing has been a revolution in the realm of signals and systems. Being able to do with a digital signal processor, what you would otherwise have to do with an analog processor is not only a great flexibility, it is a great power in terms of what you can do. So, let us put down the points. Why should we be doing all this? Why digital signal processing? Why should we process? Why should we do this equivalent discrete domain processing? Many reasons. Reason number one, you know, we had talked about flexibility or versatility. The same setup can do many different things. Second, robustness. The setup does not degrade quickly. You know, for example, analog systems sometimes are prone to degrade, components degrade in time. They lose their accuracy of values and so on. Now, this is not so common in digital systems. Computers can retain their ability to compute much longer than some analog components. And you know, you can protect them much more easily. You can also ensure. You can also, you see, it is easy to replace. I mean, after all, what you need there is just a computing device. What you are calling a digital signal processor is essentially a computing device, a device which can run programs, which would take in those samples or those numbers which you have stored in the memory and can give out appropriate numbers from the output. So, you know, the only weaker parts of the system are the analog to digital conversion and digital to analog conversion. But the beauty is that you can replace these things with relative ease as compared to trying to redo the whole analog system. In an analog system, of course, one can always argue you can replace components.  It is easier to replace a few non-working parts of this system rather than trying to tweak an analog system where you might have soldered components together or where you might have made intimate analog connections and so on. That is more difficult to change or to replace. So, there are very good reasons why we want to do this. Robustness, as we said, is another. The third is that there are certain things you can do here which you just cannot do with analog systems. So, of course, there is a difference between flexibility and this point that I have set. Abilities beyond analog system, we should call them. Some of those esoteric responses that you wanted, for example, with equalization are very difficult to achieve in the analog domain. Esoteric frequency responses, funny looking frequency responses that you want to achieve. If you want specific ones, I mean, you know, analog systems by virtue of their inaccuracy, of course, can give you funny looking responses, but that is not what I am talking about. I am talking about funny looking responses that you specifically want to design energy and achieve. Now, those are not easy to do with analog systems. On the other hand, in the discrete domain, they are not too difficult to achieve. At least, you can get as close to them as you desire without too much of difficulty, essentially with a little more programming work. Well, we are clear that there are many reasons why we should be doing what we have been talking about in this session and we will talk more about it in subsequent sessions. Thank you.


The start of the new year often symbolizes a clean slate, an opportunity to leave behind the challenges and setbacks of the past. It's a time when individuals set intentions for personal growth, adopting resolutions that reflect their aspirations for the coming months, for some, new year new me may involve physical transformations, others focus on mental and emotional well-being, while some focus on career aspirations, however, amidst the enthusiasm for change, it is essential to approach the year with a balanced perspective. So tonight we're asking, how do you adequately plan for success in 2024? Please let's hear what you have to say. Remember, you can join the conversation, send us an SMS or WhatsApp message two zero eight one eight zero three eight four six six three. So new year, new me. I quite like this hashtag. I mean, I know I've already said. Um, but who just doesn't love the opportunity for us to start afresh, right? If you are going to, I mean, I was listening to Mary and I think that everybody should please get out pen and paper today, because you have to take at least one thing away from this show that's going to help you. Most people sometimes, and I love when you were speaking to you about reflection, right? You first of all even need to know how it went. Um, and I think part of what for me, I think I already shared one of the other days, um, one of the things that actually transformed the end of 2023 for me. It wasn't anything momentous. It was just a day where I sat and I was sort of reflecting. And it occurred to me that when I looked back on 2023, it was, it was following the conversation actually. And I realized that even though 2023 was tough, right? I couldn't think of anything that I wanted to do that I didn't do, right? So at that point, that simple thought created a shift where I went from a place of accepting the narrative that 2023 was a tough year to being incredibly thankful and grateful, right? That I was where I was at that particular moment in time. So it's not about big things. It's little shifts, little things that create big shifts that actually help you to reframe your perspective, to view yourself in a different light or your circumstances in a different light, because we all have good days. We all have bad days. In the middle of all that, that in December, I went through a stretch where I was feeling completely and totally flat. You know, sometimes you're just getting overwhelmed from all the going out, like you're just like, I just need a few days to recharge and to replug, like to plug back in. So the reality of it is, think about it. What did you reflect on? Or if you reflected in 2023, what were the things that stood out to you about your year? What were you thankful for? What were you not so happy about? Or what would you have loved to have changed or done differently? I don't want to say regrets. But things that when you look in hindsight, you're thinking, perhaps I could have done differently. I think reflection is really, really important. And you also you had mentioned it already, Jeala. So maybe I'll come back to you just to talk about a bit more about your experience with reflecting over the year. OK, so the most important thing for me was. OK, so let me start with saying that one of the things that I do is I curate content around intentional living. So I believe in that a lot. And I believe that nothing really just happens just like that. And you shouldn't be in a place or you shouldn't just accept the fact that, well, whatever happens happens, you always have a say.  That's always been my span.  Oh, 2023 was a shitty year, crazy year, these stats and all that. And in reflecting and I keep a gratitude journal and I realized that it wasn't as bad as I thought. And that for me, again, was very profound because, I mean, I saw that some of the things that I had written like I needed to do this, I realized I did it. Someone came through. Someone called me on this particular day that I was feeling. Someone just said, oh, I've been thinking about you. I need to speak to you. Oh, you know, at every point in time. And I think for me, I got carried away with all the white noise at a point in time, I lost faith in my own vision because it wasn't happening the way I wanted it to happen. You know, and he brought me back to the fact that my visions has not changed because they are premised. They're steeped in my own core values. You know, so it's not like, yes, it can get bigger because I evolve one or two weeks, but the core of it is still very much in tandem with who I am at my core. You know, and I brought me to that point where I am like, OK, you know what? You need to understand that there is process. And in moving, in going on this journey, there will be details. You can't afford to see yourself as having lost the dream or haven't failed or haven't lost hope or like, oh, OK, now that this boss has taken me to OSHOD instead of this thing, that means I will not get my destination. Calibrate, yes. Exactly. So that's informed how I planned or how I set my plan for 2024. And I think that's a good, good place to sort of jump into, yes, we've reflected. And then now you've taken the learnings of the year and now you're moving to 2024. I can't say it again. We're 16 days in, but it's not too late. The reason why we're having this conversation today is there is still time. If you feel like you haven't planned, if you feel like you haven't thought about it, it doesn't have to be a December conversation. It doesn't have to be a January conversation. This is one of those times where they literally say the day when you wake up is your morning. So let today be your morning, let tomorrow be your morning. But the most important thing is the taking action. So one of the things that I did when it came to goal setting after reflecting was and this would be our first tip for today. What areas of your life are you planning to plan about? Let me put it that way, right? What areas are you looking at? What areas are you focusing at? And I had a list of things that I wanted to focus on. First and foremost for me in this year, based on my reflection from last year, was my health, was focusing on being a healthier version of myself in 2024. And understanding what metrics I wanted to tweak. So like for me, blood pressure is a huge thing. I'm really wanting to get to a good place. So health was one. Secondly, well, I've talked economy, economy, money, money, money. Finalities. That's true. Yeah. Family, for me, having children, I think it's important for every parent to also plan around how you're going to parent, how you're going to help your family be better. And it's not about money, particularly when you have younger children, right? How are you going to instill in them the right values, depending on what age they are and all of that. So there's some deliberateness to it. Even to how you pray over your children for me was key. After family, I think spiritual was another one, having spiritual goals. And it's not about religion, it's about you and your faith and whatever you connect with, higher being or the likes. But how are you developing yourself and your soul better? Then there was career, whether it's business, whether it's career. That part of it as well was for me, a lot of people in this country, career happens to them. Let me say job, they have job, they don't quite get to career because there's not enough planning around how I'm charting my career.   So that was for me, the next one. And then the final one, which sort of ties into career, is the area of self-development or whether it be professional courses, academic, that kind of thing. So for me, those were like the six high level places that I sort of placed areas that I focused on. Was there anything else that I could have missed out that you looked at that maybe doesn't fall under the six? I think it's very broad. Finances was everybody was like, I'm planning for money. We're hustling this year. But yeah, no, how did you approach it? So in terms of these sorts of different areas, you know, what was your focus? I know for me, vision board is a huge part of my my own sort of approach to it. You already talked about having a vision. But how did you then go about planning for this year? OK, so I have a vision board. I'm a very big vision board. What I see, you might read my actual magazines and stuff. Oh, sometimes your magazine is from a book. You build it, you print it as long as you put it together. You know, I have this very big journal, you know, that I use. And I put everything there.  And so I have for health, I have family, I have self. I have finances. I mean, finances, of course, I work in that sector. So that one is even a given from my boss. You have to, you know, do your financial plan and all that. Then I have health. So here is the interesting thing. I have all these goals for these things. I tell myself I want to be able to achieve this. But one thing I have also realized over the years is I get stuck. Sometimes maybe because the vision or the goal is too big.  So I have told myself, OK, you know what? I don't want to get stuck in the middle of the year. I don't want to mount so much pressure because there's also that's a that's idea, you know, where you put is as if you're racing against time by yourself. So I broke them down into assets to myself. I divide by twenty, twenty four ending. I want to be so fit such that I know for a fact that I am very fit. And so I broke it down. I said, OK, so being fit is before I put pressure and kill myself is doing it the right way. You know, I must do it the right way. So I'm looking at nutrition. I'm looking at self like, you know, self care, you know, I'm looking at OK, how many bottles of water will I drink? OK, my exercise routine. OK, you know, I just broke it down into small, small, small habits. Exactly. And that's the same thing I did for all the facets of my life to say, OK, you know, we family, I want to bond more with my family this year. OK, what do I want to do? I can't promise every day because Lagos can be funny.  I put everybody on the call, you know, laugh, shout, do whatever. At least I have done that for the week, you know. So again, putting actions that I know that will not put me under pressure, but something that I can do, I'll ever need to, but consistently, you know, so that's what I have, you know, put in place. So one was reflection.  And then the third thing was to break down those goals into small, actionable actions. Yeah, awesome. I love it. I think this would be a great place for us to take a break. And when we come back, we'll open the phone lines. If you just tuned in, it's our Ladies Night Out, and we're discussing the topic planning for success in 2024. Hashtag New Year, New Me. Please let's hear what you have to say. Remember, you can join the conversation. Send us an SMS or WhatsApp to 0818 0384663. Our phone line is also now open and you can call us on 0702 5007749. Please remember to turn on the volume of your TV set when you call in so that we can hear you and have a great conversation. So I like where you stop to do that. And I think that vision boards are so powerful because what we see, you know, it's almost like oscillating on the frequency.  You start to see that car everywhere around you, you know. So the idea that we can put visuals, you know, at a place where you can see it.  You can have a digital vision board. But the most important thing is that it's a series of images that you're focusing on. And I think that for me, there are four key questions that you have to ask yourself when you're creating a vision board. I think at the center of the vision board needs to focus on who you want to be. So personally, for yourself, who do you want to be? And then you have things around it, around things you want to do, things you want to have, what your desires are. And, you know, there are little tips and tricks around it.  But I think the main thing is keeping that mental image, that image. And, you know, if you put your vision board in your room, for example, it's like making sure that it's at your eye line. So wherever your eye is focused on the most, when you are in your room, for example, that's where you need to have it. If it's an eversion, then maybe have it as your wallpaper on your phone or, you know, on your device so that you're looking at it and seeing it. But you in putting all of these things together, I think that for me, it was also important to address some of the things that could also hinder you. So, I mean, when Mary was talking about now looking for clarity, being drained, I think that for me, identifying some of my triggers as well, one of those things that made me could potentially hinder my ability to achieve these goals that I've set for myself. And there are a couple of things for me. So fear being one, I've talked many times on how fear has was a huge problem in my life for a long time, particularly if you're a failure and then you have this sort of epiphany and you say, but if you don't feel you're never going to learn from it, you're never going to rise from it, right? So fear for me was one. I think in today's world, we are all anxious. If you're not anxious, you are doing great. Anxiety is another thing. I think even since Covid, with anxiety has become, you know, a norm and part of the day. So being able to also address that, how you deal with it. Doubt, while women, imposter syndrome, self-doubt is another big one that you need to address. And I think the last one for me, which is the one that leads to procrastination and leads to a lot of not actually taking action is boredom. Sometimes I find myself in a state of inertia, like I have so much to do. I don't know where to start. And then I stay still for long enough and boredom sets in. So I think it's important that when you set goals to... It's like doing a sort of analysis. You know what your threats are, what your weaknesses are and how you want to address it. Because the whole idea of planning is planning for success, right? It's not just about saying I will do. It's part of what you take away from the reflections is what didn't I do so well or what were my hindrances? And then planning, coming back to that, taking action, whether the little things there was a few years ago where my mantra was D.O.T. Do one thing, do one thing every day that gets you closer to your goal. But in this sense, you have to plan, you have to think about how am I going to deal with whatever my barriers could be? I mean, somebody once talked to me about the concept of self-limiting beliefs, how she herself was the barrier, was the roadblock, you know? And the minute she was kinder to herself, you know, and addressed these things, it also had an impact. But planning is one thing, right? Taking action is hard, right? I feel like even before taking action, I don't know, for me, belief is such a I think I'm struggling so hard right now to change my belief systems because I understand that it's a huge hindrance, you know? So this morning, or I think it's yesterday or so and I asked myself, I said, OK, are you going to the gym every day? Because has it now become a habit or, you know, because you're after the whole flat tummy? You need to understand that it's really not going to come in one day and you need to be able to love yourself through each phase.  You cannot get there with that. So I started thinking, if you don't have the right thinking, even towards the goals that you have, you're not going to reach there. So it's like everything is just taking me step back, step back, step back. Like you need to reroute everything entirely. Like it's you just cannot want to be there and you need to accept, understand where you are. And you also need to realize that there's actually nothing wrong with where you are. Like there's actually nothing wrong with YouTube because you're so eager to get somewhere else. You just think that, oh, this is so bad. I mean, I'm company or last year, last year was a lot. But then I did three trips that I didn't even. I didn't plan at the beginning of the year that I was going to travel anyway, literally. So what are you talking about? You just fell on your lap.  And the next thing you're feeling so lethargic. You're feeling so, you know, so it's we had a retreat at work.  And I'm just like, am I just being a Gen Z that's just rebelling against things or is something here is not working for me? And the earlier you're able to, you know, accept that. Yeah, you know what, I'm different. This thing you're saying is not about coming and saying you can do it. You can do them. There's there's there's something that if you hit it from the base, if you're able to solve it from your belief system, it would it would flow. It was so. So what is your why? Why are you doing the thing? I mean, so you do that kind of questions.  I like I keep using the gym as one thing. I I'm very open, but I really want to flatter me, figure it. And I keep thinking, have you been made? Yeah, conditioned to believe that definition. Yes, yes, that's definition of beauty. So if you don't have that shape or if you don't have that figure, something is wrong with you. So I think that this is why it's important to ask yourself. You know, reflect what's your why? And there's nothing. I mean, that's a goal. I mean, that could be a goal. But it has to be a goal for the right reasons. It has to be a goal for your reasons, not perhaps what culture imposes on you. Absolutely. What is the condition to believe? As long as and I think that once you get to that point where you realize that this is my why, it actually makes it easier for you to get. Yes, absolutely. Because your motivations are now in the in the right place. But when you talked about belief, there was something that I really wanted to mention. A lot of the time we are our own worst critics, right?  We don't quite see ourselves the way the world sees us. And sometimes a lot of the time, the solution to that is leave how you see yourself, focus on how people see you, what people tell you about yourself, the people that constantly tell you positive things about yourself. You don't think you're good at anything, but somebody tells me if I could just do hair like you, if I could just do my makeup like you, if I could, you know, hold on to that thing. If you can't even in yourself process anything good about yourself. Just hold on to what people say. I'm a huge proponent of fake it till you make it. You have to condition your mind, right, to believe these things. And like you said, it takes time, but you have to continuously reinforce the message.  You keep repeating. It's like affirmation, affirmation. You have to keep repeating. It's a repeat, it's a repeat in it. And one of the things I think that is key in habit forming is that repetition and also in having routines. So I remember if it was probably, I don't think it was last year, maybe it was in twenty twenty two when the actor Mark Wahlberg, his routine came out like for the whole day and people like social media was going on and on about how he wakes up at four a.m. He prays he works out like every minute of the day seems to be scripted. But then there's something to be said for the level of success that he has achieved, right? So there could you could argue that there's some value to it. It doesn't have to be scripted to that level of detail, but have routines. What's your morning routine? What's your evening routine? What's your mindset is an important thing? How do you condition your mind? Right? How do you condition your body? Because sometimes you won't always follow the routine.  But if you keep understanding that you have it, then it helps you to form the habit. Yes, but you know, because there are times when if you how you treat yourself when you fall is very very important.  Can you can you just be? And if I do it today, I can pick it up again tomorrow. So there's a wish just that I didn't do I didn't do I didn't. I missed it. I missed it. And I'm just like, OK, so in that situation tomorrow really is an accident. OK, so I want to say that I mean this belief system is so key that a lot of people don't even know why they do the things they do sometimes. Again, sometimes our product of our environment is the influences, the people around us, parents, siblings and all that. And we have taken on behaviors that we don't even know that we have. So sometimes those voices are so loud in our heads that even when we want to hold on to the very few that are saying the positives, those those other negative loud voices, you know, but I would just want to say this to all of us, that it is important to understand that you you have the ability and the capacity to all learn and we learn. It's never too late because for some adults to say, please, your people say, I'm too old, I can't change. It's a lie. Yeah, you can't change the choice. It's a choice. Exactly. You can't change and you should always, always, always look forward to being better. Absolutely. Never accept this. And I think that's a great thing. So when I was talking about the routines, I think I'll come back to what Mary said. Yes, it's important to know that it's not cast in stone. But if you want to build a habit, there is repetition. There is a continuum. But it's sort of how you frame it. Like if you're building a routine, don't start off building 20 things. Just pick one, two, three things. If I say my morning routine is that I wake up at this time, I make my bed, I brush my teeth. That's enough to start forming a habit. My evening routine, I'm going to if I have a woman, you wear makeup, I'm going to make sure I take off my makeup. I'm going to make sure I wash my face. I'm going to pray. That's a easy enough evening routine to start to form a habit and build on it. Tiny little drops, right? How do you change your mindset? Am I going to read something? Am I going to, like you said, you have a gratitude journal. Am I going to write down something about my day that helps me to reflect better? If it's movement, nobody is saying jump into the gym today and go and do 200 squats or 200 push-ups. Just walk. Try walking a thousand steps today and I'm building to it. So I think those sort of little steps really, really help. Do you get into the habit of planning your day, the next day? I mean, I've made a decision this year that that matters I go through every morning of what am I going to wear. I'm going to make sure that every evening, if I'm going out the next day, I'm going to pick out everything. So that it helps me start my morning in a better way. So it's little things.  Little little things that you just realize how quickly things are changing. I think for me, the last thing that I really wanted to mention in terms of tips for our viewers, there's a, I don't know if I should call it a thing or a system that is 10, 10, 10. And really when you said you were looking for clarity, some people are looking for some, why am I here? What's my purpose? Some people are just trying to get through the day with nothing that actually drives them. And 10, 10, 10 is something that has helped me, right? And it's simply, first of all, making lists. I know we didn't talk about it, but please write it down. If you're a Christian, maybe the Bible tells you to write it down, right? Write the visual and make it right, right? But for me, writing lists has helped. And this 10, 10, 10 is actually a series of lists. So 10 different things under three different headings. Things that you enjoyed doing as a child, right? Write 10 things. I'm going somewhere with this. 10 things that you like doing now as an adult today. 10 things that you enjoy. And then 10 things that you are curious about. Now, when you've taken the time to sit and write those 10 things, here's what it helps you to do. One, when you're writing the 10 things that you loved as a child, helps you to reconnect with positive memories and things that you enjoyed, right? When you've written the 10 and you've gone through all the memories, pick one, go and be silly, do something. Even if it's running around in the ring and getting wet, something that just helps you to find some little joy in your life. And remember times in your life when things were a lot easier. Things you like to do now. Again, not everything is about tons of money because I know people say, I know it's toughest time. Whether it is finding something nice that you like to eat or going for a walk or talking to your best friend. Again, something that brings you into a happier place. But it's something that you enjoy doing now. Do you want to go and do your nails? Do you want to go and do your hair? Do you want to go to the gym? Something that just helps you again connect with your happy place. And because we always want to get better. When you're curious about something, please pick one and learn about it. The internet today is, knowledge has never been easier to acquire. I have, you know, it's so accessible. Like literally now you don't even need to read it. If you Google it, you'll find a video where somebody is talking about it. But that curiosity just helps you to develop yourself. Like for me, I've avoided the world of crypto and all of that. And my industry has now finally given me permission to connect with it. So now I'm trying to learn blockchain. I'm trying to learn crypto. So what do those three things just help you do? It just gives you a bit of joy. It gives you a bit of focus. It helps you to learn, to develop. And I think for me, that would be my final comment for the show today is just, these things when it comes to planning and ensuring success, they're not about big things. They're little changes. We just keep shifting one degree at a time until we've done a full 180. It's about finding systems and tools that help you. Once you know what your problem is, there's an app for everything to do. From tracking your sleep, to waking up, to eating. There's nothing in life today that you cannot find on a play store or an app store somewhere that just gives you the tools for success.  And then make plans. Break it down into little actionable steps, form habits, build routines, and find some joy. 10, 10, 10. Try it.  I'm going to practice it, you know, and I will give you a feedback on it. And then I also want to add something to what you said. All of the things that we have said, rather, and that is to be very practical about goal-setting. In the finance world, sometimes when we take people on personal finance journey, we always tell people, I mean, you can be earning 5,000 now and then say that you want to, you have a goal within a year to move to Banana Island, you know, without putting in... Without putting in... Understanding the why, the goal, setting yourself up for failure. Exactly, and that's going to take you down some drain you don't want. So make it realistic. There's always the opportunity to be better, to make it bigger and all that. Just be practical and, you know. Mira, I think I have a comment. Yeah, we have a comment. Good evening, my dear, beautiful sisters, what are you saying? Hashtag ways, planning for success in 2024. Hashtag new year, new me. Before we start to plan, we need to know what we are really doing and up to. Like the saying goes, if we fail to plan, we plan to fail. 2024 is here already. We really need to take action after planning. Like my dear, beautiful sister Dee said, for example, we may need to step up our bonding with our family members and relatives. Also, we need to stop some bad habits that we were involved in last year and turn a new leaf this year. To have a new you, you need to improve your mindset and drop some bad habits and decide never to go back to them, just like having a new year resolution. Through all these, we will surely succeed in 2024. My dear, beautiful sister, who teammate mention of condition in our mind and body, which are a great whole hearted thing. My name is Daniel Ailow-Wave, right now. Thank you, Daniel. Daniel has formed the habit of watching the show and commenting. I know. In fact, that's a great habit to have. So we have this comment for me. It's not, the comment itself is short, but it's where the comments came from. It says, I like your program so much, right away from South Sudan. Whoa! This is Christopher Ochaia. So thank you, Christopher, very so good that you enjoyed the show. I mean, we've run out of time, but it's been great. Thank you, ladies. Before we go, do ensure you follow us on Instagram at Wayshoe Africa. You can interact with us further. Drop a comment. Most importantly, follow all our social media engagements. And remember to like, share, and comment. Invite your friends and family to watch us. If you missed today's quote, here it is again. New year, new fails, new chances, same dreams, and fresh starts. We hope that you take opportunity to plan. So we'll see you tomorrow at 8 p.m. as we bring another great conversation to your screen. Bye-bye.


Derek, datblygu chi ym mwy yw'n llif, dwi'n gwybod a'r wneud am dweud o dwylo tynniad yn arfer. Felly, byddwn i'n gwneud mynnag 22 o Barrow, sy'n ei bod yn glwraig yn golygu ymddangos ar gweinidol amser yn y diemddangos. Mynddech chi yn golygu i'n gallu amdiflwg i'r defnydd. A gyda�u i'n amser hynny yn cael ei eistedd. Mae'n bwynt sefais rydyn ni ar gyfer cyfnodau, rydyn ni wedi ei ddweud ychydig yw'r cyhoeddiw. through PCR testing and some of the players weren't in great health and we were just now assessing them when they've come back into training and just seeing how many players we have, you're ready for the barogame on Saturday but as a staff, as players and I'm sure as supporters, we're all looking forward to getting back into action. Pwy oedd e'n gwell yn ystod yn yw'r rhywun. Fe жel i ddyliw'r ailwyr hynny, wrth i'n fwy o'ch cyd-dry Celenni ac y byddwch yn ysgrifon gwirionedd. Yn y cyfiniadau o ddweud am y maen i gael dros yn cyfnodd trwys i wel hanes a fynd i gael eich cyfiniad arfer mbeithio lle ond mae'n amseru eu ddeud yn cael cael iawn ac mae'n ddweud am gallu'r bwysig. Wel, mae'n gwybod i hynny'n meddwl oherwydd yn ysgrifon gwirionedd, ...tyst honraedd, spaeth, yn y bach yn fath. Yn ddysgu, i obos, rhoi bod hynny yw'r gofyn o'r pcr roedd 저e. Roedd hynny'n holl o'r cont regulario, roedd hynny'n holl o'r gwneud cymdeithas, mae hynny'n holl o'r gwneud hynny'n holl o'r virus sydd hynny. Rwy'n holl yw'n holl os o'r cyfanyddio hynny, roedd hynny'n holl o'r 12 oes ar- a mynd i holl i holl o'r piau o'r llwyffu sydd wedi gyda teimlo sy'n holl? bod yn unrhyw fyllwfa ar ein bod yn dweud o'i rhoi ffyrdd, ond oaf, oherwydd, yng Nghymru, rydych chi'n fregylch eu chymreib ar hyn ar gyfer y gwaith a'i rai, a'r gair fan o'n ymgyrch, a'i i'w ddiogel a chael ei bod yn drwy'r blaid. Gwybod e'n cyfrifftol i'r gwleidig, gwybod eich cyfrifftol o'r haf, oedd yma, o'r cyfrifftol i'n argynnu Llyfrgell, ond we've had to stagger players coming back into the building, the government changed the protocols that were in place, made them shorter, but we still had players that were close contacts who weren't able to come back at the same time, so we're just now slowly getting everyone back into the building. We still got one or two that are not with us because of illness or they still have a positive test. I guess with the three weeks off we've had, you'd like to think the players will be all the more hungry to get back out on the field and show what they can do once again having not played for that period of time.  After the Sutton game as well in particular where there was plenty of encouragement to be drawn from that game down to 10 men and fighting back twice to earn a point I guess a bit of an extension and a bit of a break that you perhaps didn't want but there is still encouragement to take from the last time we played. Yeah I mean we've obviously had injuries as well, we came through that really tough game well because we had to show a lot of good mentality, our fitness levels were good but the players have shown that willingness to get themselves into a really good position at the end of the game because twice in the game they were behind and we would always like to have won the game but when we've been down to 10 men after 30 minutes we really showed some fantastic character. In terms of Barrow a place you took your mark inside of course last year and they played very recently just last night as well what kind of game do we expect from them? Yeah I mean there are very good football inside, they have come off a draw last night against Oldham and we had a tough game against them at home this season but we just feel that if we can turn that really big chances that we do create into goals then we should be further up the league than we are and the next half of the season we're trying to push into that play of places. And just finally on our supporters I guess a long time without a game for them as well there's over 650 men to travel down a sold out away end and I guess it's about putting on a show for them while they've not been able to watch us over Christmas as well. Yeah I mean we would obviously be looking forward to that because we always travelled with a huge away support and that only benefits the players and the players are looking to come back in and trying to get themselves into physically fit state to make the supporters proud.


This is stock number 10262. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Your new and used Jeep and Wrangler headquarters. Today we are checking out this super clean 2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited hard rock. This vehicle has the award-winning 3.6 liter V6 Pentastar motor. From this HD video you will be able to tell that this Jeep is extremely clean all the way around inside and out. Tank clear coat is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on right now because it is like you're right here looking at the vehicle with me and definitely your best way to check out the vehicle before seeing it in person comes with 20-inch painted fuel rims, mid-o trail grappler, 35 by 12 and a half R20 LT tires. This one does have a suspension lift kit. It is an AEV lift on it with the AEV Bilstein shocks. Tank clear coat, really a good-looking green on here. Has the metal front bumpers part of the hard rock package. The red tow hooks headlight lenses are nice and clear. The hood is in excellent condition. You get the sport hood on there. Passenger side fender is in nice shape and the passenger side rim I didn't see any scuffs or scrapes on that. As you go down this side of the Jeep you can see just how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is, how clean the doors are and the body is. Has the color match hard top. Looks great on here. The door hinges are all in really nice shape but I didn't see any corrosion on them. Something you always want to check for on these Wranglers has the heavy-duty rock rails and the frame and underbody is in really nice clean condition. It's like that all the way underneath. This back rim, excellent condition as well, no scuffs or scrapes and these tires have probably about I'd say 70 to 80 percent of the tread left on them and if you want to see what a brand new one looks like that's a hundred percent tread. So that's probably 70 to 80 percent right there. You can see it has the heavy-duty tire carrier on it. Towing package which includes the receiver hitch and four-pin wiring. The red tow hook on the back, matching spare tire and rim to the rest. That door opens up nice and easy and back here is the original tire carrier, the original shocks that came with the hard rock package. You can see it does have the subwoofer, has the ProCal module from AEV for the speedometer and then the air intake as well. But very clean back there, all the original parts if you want them. The rear door is in nice shape as well, shuts nice and solidly. You can see that really good a good idea for that tank color in the sunlight there. Rear bumper is absolutely perfect. For full disclosure this back room is in excellent shape as well and on this side of the vehicle very very clean. Has the heated power mirrors inside the Rubicon hard rock package gives you the black leather interior. There are no rips or tears on these seats. Factory all-weather floor mats you get the sway bar disconnect and axelock with the red buttons. As we hop inside the vehicle you can see that this one has 19,923 miles. You get a compass and outside temperature display. Leather wrap steering wheel, cruise controls, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left, steering wheel controls on the back, auto headlamps right there. This one does have the heavy-duty grab bars in the front and the back. It comes with the AM FM CD player, satellite radio capabilities, power windows. Down here you have your heated seats stability control. This is a six-speed manual transmission. All-weather format on that side. This vehicle smells very clean inside. I don't think it's ever been smoked in. There are those grab bars in the back. The front rough pieces are in nice shape and you get the auto-duty mirror right there. We'll take a quick look at the back seats. Back seats are just as clean as the front seats. It does have the latch child safety system. Factory all-weather floor mat back here.  And very nice back there as well. We'll take a quick look under the hood. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. Hopefully from this HD video you will have been able to tell just how clean this Jeep is all the way around inside and out. Under the hood we have the award winning 3.6 liter Pentastar V6 motor. We have the AFE cold air intake. Engine bay is very clean. Runs very smooth. This Jeep has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop. Has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. The Jeep has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go. To see more pictures of this Wrangler or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, you name it we got it. Go to our website www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto. Remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact in a second you will see links to subscribe to our YouTube channel. On your left a link to more Jeep Wrangler videos like this one on your right. If you've not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out and we really look forward to helping you with this super clean 2015 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited hard rock. Thanks again.


The first one up is Carlos Correa and probably the most notable spot he's being rumored to right now is the Chicago Cubs. And I really think the fit is organic for Chicago as well. The Cubs shipped off a ton of parts last year. Last year's trading deadline, Anthony Rizzo, Chris Bryant out of town, and they were thoroughly mediocre, as you would expect. 98 WRC plus that was pretty even against lefties and righties, just a 170 ISO as well. So pretty league average pitching is nothing special, but that freed up the payroll to make a huge splash for the Cubbies this season. Marcus Strowman already signed on as the team's ace. And Marcus Strowman actually is already recruiting Carlos Correa. Tweeted, come through. Let's have Wrigley jump in my dog. I couldn't agree more. Mutually reported interest here. The Cubs currently have Nico Horner slided to start at shortstop. Nothing against Nico Horner. Carlos Correa is an all star for a reason. I think he's a great fit. They had young hitters come out like Ian Haft, Patrick Wisdom, Wilson Contreras. Correa would be that solid, well rounded veteran that could step right into the three hole and hit for production every day.


This episode is brought to you by Game On Snacks, jerky that's changing the game. Enter the promo code FREEDOM at checkout for 5% off all orders. What is up everyone? My name is Estie Mike. Today and the next two episodes are going to be talking about something that's very vital to each and every one of your channels. The importance of branding. Not only will we be giving you tips and tricks regarding branding, but we'll be giving you ideas on how to make your branding most effective to getting more viewers. Today's topic is banners and avatars. However, there is still one thing that catches the viewer's eye before the banner and avatar that we need to discuss briefly. Your channel name. It sounds easy enough, but people often overlook this. If a new person asks you what your channel is and you have to write it down, spell it out, or even type it in the computer, you're doing it wrong. People should be able to easily find your channel as well as easily remember it. Second to that, you want to make sure the person that finds your channel can easily establish that you are a YouTube creator and not a YouTube viewer. For instance, if you saw me in the comments and my channel name was Mike Smith, chances are you're going to think I'm a viewer. But if you saw Zasty Mike, you might be led to believe that I make YouTube videos and you might click to see more. Now speaking of first impressions, there are two other things that practically go hand in hand with your channel name. Your banner and your avatar. The reason why this is so high up on the totem pole is because this is also something that can help persuade viewers to go visit your channel. When I'm scrolling through my comments or anyone's comments for that matter, I can easily determine who is a YouTube creator and who is a viewer just by simply looking at their name, avatar, and banner. If you hover over someone's name, it will open up their channel banner plus more information about their channel. And if they have a good banner and a good avatar, chances are you're going to click to see more. This is why commenting on videos is really important. Every good comment you leave is simply channel promotion for yourself. If you have good branding. Which is also why spam comments are very unnecessary. If you spam comments on my channel, ask me to subscribe to you, watch your videos, and all that stuff. Chances are I won't. But if you leave a nice, intriguing comment that I actually care about and I see that you're a YouTuber, I want to see more of your channel and support you as well because you're supporting me. And this doesn't just work for me. This works for pretty much anyone.  But someone else watching that person that has a mutual interest may find your channel because it will stand out from the rest of the comments and you may get some new subscribers just by simply leaving good comments. So ask yourself what does your branding say about yourself? If you are new to your channel, would you be interested in seeing more or would you want to click away and find something new to watch? Now of course not all of us are the best graphic artists, but there are ways to get good branding. You can simply ask someone that you feel is a good graphics artist to trade for promotion and return for a free banner or avatar. Or you can simply pay them. People often like money over promotion, but sometimes people will take promotion or portfolio pieces. And then if you don't know where to look, you can always check out awesome sites like Fiverr.com and you can pay little money to get good branding and return. So don't let bad branding affect you and hurt your channel when you can easily fix it. But anyways guys, that's it for me today. If you want to see more of me, you can check the playlist in the sidebar and see all of my tips and tricks. Or you can come over to my personal channel and check me out. The links will be in the description below or you can click the video in the end slate. So anyways guys, I'll see you next week. See ya!


I'm Lucy and in this video we're going to learn all about the basics of graphs, what are axes, how do coordinates work and what are quadrants. Starting from the beginning notice how the horizontal axis is called x and the vertical axis is called y and they all start at zero here in the middle which is known as the origin with the positive numbers going in these directions and the negative numbers going backwards and downwards it's really important to remember that the x-axis is the horizontal one just think x is across so x goes across so now we know all about how the axes work let's make use of them so coordinates are written as two numbers separated by a comma and with brackets around the first number is the x coordinate and the second number is the y coordinate this is easy to remember because the first numbers are long and the second one is up or down because you have to go along the corridors before you can go up the stairs or you might just like to think about alphabetically x comes before y so what are the coordinates of this point pause the video have a think and click play when you're ready to check it is one four because it is one along from the origin and four up where would negative four six go on the grid pause the video have a think and click play when you're ready to check did you think it was here so it's negative four in this direction and six squares up coordinates are really useful for maps the GPS systems for computer games the pixels on screens and these are known as cartesian coordinates in honor of the man who developed them in the 17th century notice how the graph is divided into four sections these are called quadrants notice how they're numbered in an anti-clockwise direction starting at one and going around to four so there we have axes coordinates and quadrants in the next video we're going to look at horizontal and vertical lines and two important diagonal lines


Hello, everybody, and thank you for joining us today for the virtual Vertica BDC 2020. Today's breakout session is entitled, I Deep Dive in the Vertica Management Console Enhancements and Roadmap. I'm Jeff Healy, and with Vertica Marketing, I'll be your host for this breakout session. Joining me are Bobak Gandhi and Natalia Stavisky from Vertica Engineering. But before we begin, I encourage you to submit questions or comments during the virtual session. You don't have to wait. Just type your question or comment in the question box below the slides or click submit. It'll be a Q&A session at the end of the presentation. We'll answer as many questions as we're able to during that time. Any questions we don't address, we'll do our best to answer them offline. Alternatively, visit VerticaForums.Form.Vertica.com, post your questions there after the session. Our engineering team is planning to join the forums to keep the conversation going well after the event. Also, a reminder that you can nationalize your screen by clicking the double arrow button in the lower right corner of the slides. And yes, this virtual session is being recorded and will be available to view on-demand this week. We'll send you a notification as soon as it's ready. Now let's get started. Over to you, Bobak. All right. So, hello and welcome everybody during this presentation of deep dive into the Vertica Management Console, Enhancements and Boardmap, Myself, Bobak and my team member, Natalia Stavisky. We'll go over a few useful enhancements on Vertica Management Console discussing a few real scenarios. All right. So, today we will go forward with a brief introduction about the Management Console. Then we will discuss the benefits of using Management Console by going over a couple of user scenarios for taking, for the queries taking too long to run and receiving email alerts from Management Console. Then we will go over a few MC features for Vertica eOnMode databases like provisioning and reviving the eOnMode databases from MC. Using the subcluster and understanding the depot. Then we will go over some of the future enhancements on MC that we are planning. All right. So, let's get started. All right. So do you want to know about how to provision a new Vertica cluster from MC? How do you analyze and understand the database workload by monitoring the queries on the database? How do you balance the resource pools and use alerts and thresholds on MC? So the Management Console is basically your answer and we'll talk about its capabilities and new enhancements in this presentation. So just to give a brief overview of the Management Console, who uses Management Console? It's generally used by IT administrators and DB admins. Management Console can be used to monitor both eOnMode and Enterprise Mode databases. Why to use Management Console? You can use the Management Console for provisioning Vertica databases and cluster. You can manage the already existing Vertica databases and cluster you have and you can use various tools on Management Console like query execution, database designer, workload analyzer and set up alerts and thresholds to get notified by some of the some of the fair activities on the MC. So let's go over a few benefits of using Management Console. So using Management Console you can view and optimize the resource pool usage. Management Console helps you to identify some critical conditions on your Vertica cluster. Additionally you can set up various thresholds on MC and get alerted if those thresholds are triggered on the database. So now let's dig into the couple of scenarios. So for the first scenario we will discuss about queries taking too long and using workload analyzer to possibly help to solve the problem. In the second scenario we will go over an alert email that you received via Management Console and analyzing the problems and taking the required actions to solve the problem. So let's go over the scenario where queries are taking too long to run. So in this example we have this one query that we are running using the query execution on MC and for some reason we notice that it's taking about 14.8 seconds to execute this query which is higher than the expected runtime of the query. The query that we are running happens to be the query used by MC during the excellent monitoring. Notice that the table name and the schema name which is DC request issued and this schema used for excellent monitoring. Now in 10.0 MC we have redesigned the workload analyzer and recommendations feature to show the recommendations and allow you to execute those recommendations. In our example we have taken the table name and filtered the tuning descriptions to see if there are any tuning recommendations related to this table. As we see over here there are three tuning recommendations available for that table. So now in 10.0 MC you can select those recommendations and then run them. So let's run the recommendations. So once the recommendations are run successfully you can go and see all the process recommendations that you have run previously. Over here we see that there are three recommendations that we had selected earlier have successfully processed. Now we take the same query and run it on the query execution on MC and hey it's running really faster and we see it takes only 0.3 seconds to run the query and which is about like 98% decrease in original runtime of the query. So in this example we saw that using a workload analyzer tool on MC you can possibly triage and solve the issue for your queries which are taking too long to execute. So now let's go over another use case scenario where DB admins received some alert email messages from MC and would like to understand and analyze the problem. So to know more about what's going on on the database and proactively react to the problems DB admins using the management console can create set of thresholds and get alerted about the conditions on the database if the threshold values is reached and then respond to the problem thereafter. Now as a DB admin I see some email message notifications from MC and upon checking the emails I see that there are a couple of email alerts received from MC on my email. So one of the messages that I received was for query resource rejections greater than 5 for Mithful 7 and then around the same time I received another email from the MC for the failed queries greater than 5 and in this case I see there are 80 failed queries. So now let's go on the MC and investigate the problem. So before going into the deep investigation about failures let's review the threshold settings on MC. So as we see we have set up the thresholds under the database settings page for failed queries in last 10 minutes greater than 5 and MC should send an email to the individual if the threshold is triggered and also we have a threshold alert set up for queries and resource rejections in last 5 minutes for Mithful 7 set to greater than 5. There are various other thresholds on this page that you can set if you desire to. Now let's go and triage those email alerts about the failed queries and resource rejections that we had received. To analyze the failed queries let's take a look at the query statistics page on the database overview page on MC. Let's take a look at the resource pools graph and especially for the failed queries for each resource pools and over to the right under the failed query section I see in the last 24 hours there are about 6000 failed queries for Mithful 7 and now I switch the view to see the statistics for each user and on this page I see for user Mary Lee on the right hand side there are a high number of failed queries in the last 24 hours and no more about the failed queries for this user I can click on the graph for this user and get the reasons behind it. So let's click on the graph and see what's going on. And so clicking on this graph it takes me to the failed queries view on the query monitoring page for database activity step and over here I see there are a high number of failed queries for this user Mary Lee with the reasons stated as exceeding high limit to drill down more and to know more reasons behind it I can click on the plus icon on the left hand side for each failed queries to get the failure reason for each node on the database. So let's do that. And clicking the plus icon I see for the two nodes that are listed over here it says there are insufficient resources like memory and file handles for Mithful 7. Now let's go and analyze the Mithful 7 configurations and activities on it. So to do so I will go over to the resource pool monitoring view and select Mithful 7. I see the resource allocations for this resource pool is very low. For example the max memory is just one MB and the max concurrency is set to zero. That's very odd configuration for this resource pool. Also in the bottom right graph for the resource rejections for Mithful 7 the graph shows very high values for resource rejection. So since we saw some odd configurations and all resource allocations for Mithful 7 I would like to see when the settings were changed on the resource pools. So to do this I can review the audit logs available on the management console. So I can go on to the Vodika audit logs and see the logs for the resource pool. So adjusting the time range for the logs and filtering the logs for Mithful 7 I see on February 17th the memory and other attributes for Mithful 7 were modified. So now let's analyze the resource pool activity for Mithful 7 around the time when the configurations were changed. So in our case we are using external monitoring on MC for this database. So we can go back in time and see the statistics over the larger time range for Mithful 7. So viewing the activities for Mithful 7 around February 17th around the time when this configurations were changed we see a decrease in resource pool usage. Also on the bottom right we see the resource rejections for this Mithful 7 has an increase linear increase after the configurations were changed. I can select a point on the graph to get the more details about the resource rejections. Now to analyze the effects of the modifications on Mithful 7 let's go over to the query monitoring page. I will adjust the time range around the time when the configurations were changed for Mithful 7 and greater the activities queries for a user merrily and I see there are no completed queries for this user. Now taking a look at the failed queries step and adjusting the time range around the time when the configurations were changed I can do so because we are using external monitoring. So again adjusting the time I can see there are a high number of failed queries for this user. There are about like 10,000 failed queries for this user after the configurations were changed on this resource pool. So now let's go and modify the settings since we know after the configurations were changed this user was not able to run the queries. So you can change the resource pool settings of using management consoles database settings page and under the resource pool step. So selecting the Mithful 7 I see the same odd configurations for this resource pool that we saw earlier. So now let's go and modify the settings. So I will increase the max memory and modify the settings for Mithful 7 so that it has adequate resources to run the queries for the user. Hit apply on the right hand top to see the settings. Now let's do the evaluation after we change the resource pool attributes. So let's go over to the same query monitoring page and see if merrily user is able to run the queries for Mithful 7. We see that now after the configuration, after we change the configuration for Mithful 7 the user can run the query successfully and the count for completed queries has increased after we modified the settings for this Mithful 7 resource pool. And also viewing the resource pool monitoring page we can validate that after the new configurations for Mithful 7 has been applied and also the resource pool usage after the configuration change has increased. And also on the bottom right graph we can see that the resource rejections for Mithful 7 is decreased over the time after we modified the settings. And since we are using excellent monitoring for this database I can see that the trending data for this resource pools, the before and after effects of modifying the settings. So initially when the settings were changed there were high resource rejections and after we again modified the settings the resource rejections went down. So now let's go over to the provisioning and reviving the eOnMode Vodika database cluster using the management console on different platform. So management console supports provisioning and reviving of eOnMode databases on various cloud environments like AWS, the Google Cloud Platform and POS2H. So for provisioning the Vodika Management Console on Google Cloud Platform you can use the Launcher template or on AWS environment you can use the CloudFormation templates available for different OSs. Once you have provisioned Vodika Management Console you can provision the Vodika cluster and databases from MC itself. So to provision a new Vodika cluster you can select the Create New Database button available on the home page. This will open up the wizard to create a new database and cluster. In this example we are using the Google Cloud Platform. So the wizard will ask me for various authentication parameters for the Google Cloud Platform and if you are on AWS it will ask you for the authentication parameters for the AWS environment. And going forward on the wizard it will ask me to select the instance types I would like for the new Vodika cluster and also provide the container location URL for my eOnMode database and all the other preferences related to the new cluster. Once I have selected all the preferences for my new cluster I can review the setting and I can hit Create if all looks okay. So if I hit Create this will create a new, MC will create a new GCP instances because we are on the GCP environment in this example. It will create the cluster on this instance. It will create the Vodika eOnMode database on this cluster and it will, additionally you can load the test data on it if you like to. Now let's go over and revive the existing eOnMode database from the container location. So you can do the same using the management console by selecting the revive eOnMode database button on the home page. This will again open up the wizard for reviving the eOnMode database. Again in this example since we are using the GCP platform it will ask me for the Google Cloud Storage at authentication attributes and for reviving it will ask me for the communal location so I can enter the Google Storage bucket and my folder and it will discover all the eOnMode databases located under this folder and I can select one of the database that I would like to revive and it will ask me for other Vodika preferences and for this, for this database reviving and once I enter all the preferences and review all the preferences I can hit revive the database button on the wizard. So after I hit revive database it will create the GCP instances. The number of GCP instances that are created would be same as the number of hosts on the original Vodika cluster. It will install the Vodika cluster on this instances and it will revive the database and it will start the database and after starting the database it will be imported on MC so you can start monitoring on it. So in this example we saw you can provision and revive the Vodika database on the GCP platform. Additionally you can use AWS environment to provision and revive. Now since we have the eOnMode database on MC, Natalia will go over some eOnMode features on MC like managing the subcluster and the full activity monitoring. Over to you Natalia. Okay, thank you. Hello, my name is Natalia Stariski. I am also a member of Vertical Management Consult team and I will talk today about the work we did to allow users to manage subclusters using the Management Console and also the work we did to help users understand what's going on in their depot in the Vertica eOnMode database. So let's look at the picture of the subclusters. In the managed page of Vertica Management Console you can see here is the page that has two tabs and the tab that's active is subclusters. You can see that there are two subclusters are available in this database. And for each of the subclusters you can see subcluster properties, whether this is a primary subcluster or secondary, in this case primary is the default subcluster. It's indicated by a star. You can see what nodes belong to which subcluster. You can see the node state and node statistics. You can also easily add a new subcluster and we're going to do this. So once you click on the button, we launch the wizard that will take you through a few steps. You'll enter the name of the subcluster, indicate whether this is secondary or primary subcluster. I should mention that Vertica recommends having only one primary subcluster but we have both options here available. You will enter the number of nodes for your subcluster and once the subcluster has been created you can manage the subcluster. What other options for managing the subcluster we have here? You can scale up an existing subcluster and it's a similar approach.  You can scale down a subcluster and MC validates the requirements for maintaining minimal number of nodes to prevent database shutdown. So if you cannot remove any nodes from a subcluster, this option will not be available. You can stop a subcluster and depending on whether this is a primary subcluster or secondary subcluster, this option may be available or not available. In this picture we can see that for the default subcluster this option is not available. This is because shutting down the default subcluster will cause the database to shut down as well. You can terminate a subcluster and again the MC warns you not to terminate the primary subcluster and validates requirements for maintaining minimal number of nodes to prevent database shutdown. So now we are going to talk a little more about how the MC helps you to understand what's going on in your DPOL. So DPOL is one of the core of eOnMode database and what are the frequently asked questions about the DPOL? Is the DPOL size sufficient? Are a subset of users putting a high load on the database? What tables are fetched and evicted repeatedly? We call it refetched in DPOL. So here in the DPOL activity monitoring page we now have four tabs that allow you to answer those questions and we'll go a little more detail through each of them but I'll just mention what they are for now. At a glance shows you basic DPOL configuration and also shows you query executing, DPOL efficiency. We'll talk more about that and other tabs. DPOL content that shows you what tables are currently in your DPOL and DPOL pinning allows you to see what pinning policies have been created and to create new pinning policies. Now let's go through the scenario. Monitoring performance of workloads on one subcluster. As you know, eOnMode database allows users to have multiple subclusters and we'll explore how this feature is useful and how we can use a management console to make decisions regarding whether we would like to have multiple subclusters. So here we have in my setup a single subcluster called default subcluster. It has two users that are running queries that are accessing table mostly in schema public. So the query starts at executing and we can see that after fetching tables from communal which is a red line, the rest of the time the queries are executing in DPOL. The green line is indicating queries running in DPOL. The eOnMode DPOL is about 88% full, a steady flow and the DPOL size seems to be sufficient for query execution from DPOL only. That's the good case scenario. Now at around 17, 15, user Sherry got an urgent request to generate a report and she started running her queries. We can see that picture is quite different now. The table series queries are in a different schema and are much larger. Now we can see multiple lines in different colors. We can see a bunch of fetches and evictions which are indicated by blue and purple bars and a lot of queries are now spilling into communal. This is a red and orange lines. Orange lines indicate a query running partially in DPOL and partially getting fetched from communal and a red line is data fetched from communal storage. Let's click on one of the lines. Each data point on the line will take you to the query detail page where we can see more about what's going on. So this is the page that shows us what queries have been run in this particular time interval which is on top of this page in orange color. So that's about one minute time interval. And now we can see user Sherry among the users that are running queries. Sherry's query involves large tables and are running against a different schema. And we can see the clickstream schema in the name of the part of the query request. So what is happening? There is not enough people space for both the schema that's already in use and the one Sherry needs. As a result evictions and fetches have started occurring. And other questions we can ask ourselves to help us understand what's going on. So how about what tables are most frequently refetched? So for that we will go to the deep efficiency page and look at the middle chart here. We can see the larger version of this chart if we expand it. So now we have 10 tables listed that are most frequently being refetched. We can see that there is a clickstream schema and there are other schemas. So all of those tables are being used in the queries, fetched and then there is not enough space in a depot, they're getting evicted and they again refetched again. So what can be done to enable all queries to run in depot? Question one can be increase the depot size. So we can do this by running the following queries which specify which notes and storage location and the new depot size. And I should mention that we can run this query from the management console from the query execution page. So this would have helped us to increase the depot size. What other options do we have? For example, when increasing default size is not an option. We can also provision a second subcluster to isolate work loads like sherrys. So we are going to do this now and we'll provision a second subcluster using the manage page. Here we're creating subcluster for sherry or for work loads like yours. And we are going to create it with three nodes. So sherry subcluster has been created. We can see it here added to the list of the subclusters. It's a secondary subcluster. Sherry has been instructed to use the new sherry subcluster for your work. Now let's see what happened. We'll go again at the DevOctivity page and we'll look at the at-a-glance tab. We can see that around 1807 sherry switched to running queries on sherry subcluster. On the top of this page you can see subclusters selected. So we currently have two subclusters and I'm looking what happened to sherry subcluster once it has been provisioned. So sherry started using it and the lines after initial patching from DevOct, which was from a communal, which was a red line. After that all sherry's queries fit in DevOct, which is indicated by green line. Also the DevOct is pretty full on those nodes, about 90% full. But the queries are processed efficiently, there is no spilling into communal. So that's a good case scenario. Let's now go back and take a look at the original subcluster, default subcluster. So on the left portion of the chart you can see multiple lines that was activity before sherry switched to her own dedicated subcluster. At around 1807 after sherry switched from the subcluster to using her dedicated subcluster, there is no, she is no longer using the subcluster, she is not putting load on it. So the lines after that are turning in green color, which means the queries that are still running in default subcluster are all running in DevOct. We can also see that depo fetches and eviction bars, those purple and blue bars, are no longer showing significant numbers. Also we can check the second chart that shows community storage access. And we can see that the bars has also dropped, so there is no significant access for communal storage. So this problem has been solved. Each of the subclusters are serving queries from depo, and that's our most efficient scenario. Let's also look at the other tabs that we have for depo monitoring. Let's look at depo efficiency tab. It has six charts and they'll go through each one of them quickly. File res by location gives an indicator of where the majority of query execution took place in depo or in communal. Top-down refetches into depo, and we mentioned this chart earlier in our use case. It shows tables that are most frequently fetched and evicted and then fetched again. These are good candidates to get pinned if increasing depo size is not an option. Note that both of these charts have an option to select time interval using calendar widget, so you can get the information about the activity that happened during that time interval. Diffle pinning shows what portion of your depo is pinned, both by byte count and by table count. And the three tables at the bottom show depo structure. How long tables stay in depo? We would like tables to be fetched in depo and stay there for a long time. How often they are accessed? Again, the tables in depo, we would like to see them accessed frequently. And what the size range of tables in depo? Depo content. This tab allows us to search for tables that are currently in depo and also to see stats like table size in depo. How often tables were accessed and when were they last accessed. And the same information that's available for tables in depo is also available on projections and partition level for those tables. Diffle pinning. This tab allows users to see what policies are currently existing. And you can do this by clicking on the first radio button and click search. This will show you all existing policies that are already created. The second option allows you to search for a table and create a policy. You can also use the action column to modify existing policies or delete them. And the third option provides details about most frequently refetched tables including fetch count, total access count and number of refetched bytes. So all this information can help to make decisions regarding pinning specific table. So that was about it about the depo. And I should mention that the server team also has a very good presentation on the webinar on the e-on-mode database depo management and subcluster management that strongly recommended to attend or download this live presentation. Let's talk quickly about the Management Council roadmap. What we are planning to do in the future. So we are going to continue focusing on subcluster management. There is still a lot of things we can do here. Promoting demoting subclusters, load balancing across subclusters, scheduling subcluster actions, support for large cluster models. We'll continue working on a workload analyzer enhancement recommendation, on backup and restore from the MC, building custom threshold and e-on on HDFS support. Okay, so we are ready now to take any questions you may have now.


Who's career do you model your own after? Oof, I really, I don't model. I'm kind of making it up as I go. I don't model my career after anyone. I'm just trying to figure out the best possible moves for me and the business. Danny Beckerman, founder of Jars by Danny. Yes, hello.  I am. Great. Could you have made it without Instagram? No, I don't think so. I did not have the dollars. I mean, I had zero initial investment. It was just me. I was making them out of my apartment. I was, you know, my first, like, business lesson that I taught myself was that I had to sell them for more than I was buying the ingredients for. So I was making profit right away. And I had $0 to spend on marketing, on advertisements, on anything.  Now it's not as free. PR or influencers? Combo of both. I've never hired a PR agency. I always do my own PR. And now also influencer marketing is getting a little oversaturated.  If you had $1 in marketing to spend, where would you spend it? I do think so. I think so, maybe, yeah. The paid ads on Instagram, they do work on Facebook and Instagram. They work for me 100%. If I put one out, I see sales right away. How important is community? Community is very important. Those loyal followers, loyal jar eaters, people that are so excited when they see your next steps and everything and how the business is growing. It's very important. It's important for me because it makes me feel good and it encourages me to keep going. And it's nice that I know that these people have my back. All my business is word of mouth social media marketing. So I need to have my community that kind of has my back that tells people about it, that posts it on Instagram, that shares it, that tells other people to buy it, tells people how good it is. Do you ever pay influencers? No, never have. When I first started and as time went on, I gained a community and a kind of most of a friend group of food bloggers and other influencers in the food space. And they're part of my community. They're part of the community of people that want to see me succeed and grow. I can't think of someone that would charge me that would be unbelievable for my brands and make a difference and be worth it. What brands do you look up to? The first one that came to my mind was Drybar. I know her and she's amazing.  The color scheme, the way that people talk to you, everything, it's on brands. And now I notice those things and I really appreciate them when I see them.  When I was making these desserts and jars, I had been doing a ton of experimenting with brownies and mousses and whipped creams and cakes and everything. So when I was layering them in the jars, I was kind of playing around with the recipes so that they would sit perfectly on top of one another. I'm a perfectionist and that's what I liked. I liked it to look like that. And then it kind of built from there, just the whole layered aesthetic. So everything, a lot of my things are layered, my website's all colorful stripes. The lids on my jars are all colorful stripes so they all kind of matches. How much inspiration do you pull from Big Buy Melissa? Ooh, honestly, none. I mean, I totally respect her. She's built an unbelievable business. We have a very different business model and a very different product. But I love her, I love her brand, I love her color, I love everything and I really respect her. I just see it, I saw it as when you see demographically the dessert product.  I didn't know if she was one of the people that you were like, if I do this right, that's how I want to play this.  I'm more direct to consumer and I do a ton of corporate catering and our products are so different. But I always really just wanted to do direct to consumer. I thought that was the best way for me to control the quality of my product. Just like from beginning to end, I wanted customers to have the best possible experience. This is an expensive product and I want to make sure that they're getting the best.  I get that question all the time. I do not think so. So something that I did on purpose when I started the company was I wanted to brand myself along with the jars. So I was thinking about names, you know, just jars or some other fluffy names. But then I got a really good piece of advice from someone that said, put your name in it, keep your name in it. And if you kind of look through all of my marketing and my social media, you'll see that I tell the story of like a really fun dessert company and it's definitely delicious photos of food, but I'm also telling the story of a young female entrepreneur started in New York City and building her business for the last six years. And you can really see that very clearly over my Instagram. So I always wanted people to, you know, love the jars and I also wanted them to not just want anyone's desserts, not just want anyone's desserts and jars but to want jars by Danny specifically. Do you ever want to be mass, mass, mass? If that's the right way for the business, if I, you know, team up with a partner that has those channels and they're like, let's do it X, Y, Z, this way you fully take over all marketing and brand and social and the things that you're 100% best at and we're gonna work on operations and production then yeah. What's the end game? The end game is, I honestly, I would love to sell to a larger company that would be able to scale in a way I cannot and build the brands in a way I cannot. So that is, that's definitely a goal of mine. But I would love to stay on as well in this larger company and further develop brands and products. And how far are you away from that, from doing that? You will see, hopefully, hopefully not so far. I think you know something. Yeah, maybe I do. Your favorite three Instagram accounts that are not people? It's funny to say this because I've got my whole business on Instagram, I don't scroll that much. I really don't, I actually, I really try and minimize it, which is again really funny because I really do attribute the success to jars, a ton to Instagram, but I also think that it's kind of unhealthy and I really try and stay off it as much as possible.  Thanks. How much does the product really matter? A ton, the product matters a ton. I mean people, you know, people are excited to see it. They love the photos on Instagram and then something that everyone always says to me, which I love to hear is that they taste even better than they look. So I think the photos of them, the brand itself, like all the beautiful things you see on Instagram, that gets my customers to purchase and then the taste and the high quality of the product keep them coming back. Repeat customers or everything. What was the hardest thing you had to learn on a job? Oh, so many hard things. They can't trust everyone. That not everyone might have your best interest at heart even if it seems that they do. People always can be thinking about themselves first, not everyone, but in business all the time that's the case. To read contracts more thoroughly before I sign things, really form a team of advisors that you can ask these questions to and run decisions by and make sure that you're just not jumping into things that you shouldn't be jumping into. Danny Beckerman, founder of Jars by Danny. Thanks so much for coming on and sitting with me. Thank you. I'm Ian Wishengrad and we'll see you next time on I'm With The Brand.