okay guys I think I am live I'm just experimenting with YouTube live today it is going to be a new way in which I'm going to explore the YouTube live I'm going to okay great so I am live right now I'm just I was just checking on my phone whether it is working or not and I can see that I'm live right now so we are going to begin very quickly with today's shift to analysis of UGC net paper but as soon as we do as soon as we do that I would just want to know if I'm audible and I'm visible to all of you and my screen is visible to you so sorry for the initial confusion I was just trying out a new software so that I can present my screen to you guys and the software is working fine as I can see that on my mobile phone just want to know from you guys whether I'm properly audible and I'm visible so that we can start with the session of today great my Ur Salvi says yes I am audible and visible perfect perfect okay so guys yesterday's live was when I was discussing UGC net question paper of 14th June 2023 shift one today I have a slightly different format in which I'm going to talk about shift to question paper the reason why I've changed the format is that I wanted to show you the questions and I wanted to show you from where those questions are taken and also tell you some remarks that you can note and keep in mind when you're preparing for the December attempt but before we go any further I want to first talk about the cutoff because I saw that a lot of people yesterday were commenting that where did our thoughts talk about the cutoff so I want to talk about the cutoff first in this video and then we are going to proceed with other things I have a lot of things to show you in today's live I have all of them tagged in one place so I'm going to take you through all these notes as well sorry for the okay so this is what I am I am expecting the cutoff would look like this time for general category net cutoff would be 58% for JR if it would be around 63-64% for EWS OBC STSC and PWD you can see the cutoff right in front of you just wanted to know if you are able to see the cutoff yes my use are we saying that I got 54 right in shift to 54 right out of 150 questions are you saying or are you talking about just paper to my you're my question to you is this right so just wanted to know from you guys whether the cutoff is visible to all of you general category 58% JRF 64% EWS may the cutoff of net would be around 53% and for JRF it would be 59% great now now that you have a you have had a look at the cutoff which isn't percentage and not in percentile again I'm saying because I would want you to calculate the percentage let's just go by percentage because percentile calculation is a little difficult for each of you to do that's why I'm sticking to the percentage and this is the cutoff you might feel that the cutoff is low this time the cutoff might be very high the reason why I'm saying that the cutoff would be around 58% because the paper was moderate to easy level it wasn't difficult at all we are going to go through almost all the questions of shift to today and you'll see yourself that the paper wasn't very difficult it was moderate and for people who knew how to prepare it was an easy paper okay how it was that we get to this very quickly okay so this is the cutoff you can just click a screenshot if you want so that you can save this cutoff and if you want I can also zoom this so that it can fill your entire screen okay now now that you've taken the screenshot let us move forward and look at the UGC net question paper for shift to again one more thing I wanted to know from all of you right here is that the entire question paper both shift one shift two and both paper one and paper two is available on our you know on our Google Drive you can get the link of the drive where all the four papers are there which you can easily download by just putting a message to my team on 7976 0373 and my team will give you a link by which you can you know you can very easily very quickly download the question paper with the answer keys so every question here you see has the answer written okay now without any further delay let's jump right into the question paper so what I have done is that I have given you two different boxes one is a purple color box and one is a pinkish reddish colored box purple color boxes for people who are a part of my online course so this in purple color box I'm writing exactly where I was teaching this you know teaching this topic in the entire course I've written module and chapter I'm also going to show you on Chrome the pink colored box that you can see is for people who are not preparing from the online course they might be preparing on their own through some guidebooks through some other books they might be using notes of some other friends or seniors or they might be preparing from other coaching institutes so for them what key points they have to keep in mind I have noted that down so this YouTube live is going to help both the students those who are a part of my online course and those who are preparing on their own okay right so let us begin with the first question which is on one of the poems of DH Lawrence okay now they have asked to identify the poem now guys DH Lawrence we cover in detail in our online course it is right there in module number one British literature under chapter 11 modern age I'll tell you how you can search this so just okay so you can very quickly search this when you go to the website you can go to the full course syllabus and under full course syllabus if you press control F you'll find the search bar where you can type down you know the name of the writer for example Lawrence I'm typing so it is going to directly take you to where this lecture is it is under chapter number 11 modern age in DH Lawrence okay and under novelist section so what I'm trying to tell you is that anybody who is preparing on their own please refer to the syllabus this is available free of cost the less the lecture is the PDF material that we give that would not be displayed to you but this entire syllabus is available to everyone so keep referring to the syllabus so that you know who are the writers which you have to study and how you have to study these writers for that I have my PDFs in handy I'm going to show that to you when and wherever it is required so now coming to a writer like DH Lawrence now we know that DH Lawrence is mostly famous for his novels and the question is coming from one of his poems right so what is important for you guys to know is that detailed study of minor works major works is important for writers like DH Lawrence you are definitely going to read works like sons and lovers and all these major works you will have to read but at the same time you have to also read important other important genres so if there is a novelist like DH Lawrence or there's a writer like TS Eliot who has written drama who has written poetry who has also written some essays so you have to read all of them like you need to know I'm not saying you to read the exact text but you need to at least know all of them you cannot just read the main text you have to read the poetry as well okay now so detailed study of major works is very important important lines you should be knowing and some authors are more famous for their novels don't ignore other genres don't just read like sons and lovers also focus on other poems or other dramas of the author a comprehensive study is very very important okay now moving ahead I have just you know taken few questions because discussing all hundred of them would not be possible so what I've done is that I have tried to take I have tried and taken questions which are different okay I have tried to skip similar kind of questions because I already tell you what to see for example in case of DH Lawrence we just saw that you have to look at all the genres of the important writers you cannot just focus on the main genre for which that writer is known for for example Shakespeare he is known for his dramas right but you have to also read his poetry he wasn't writing novels he wasn't writing essays but he was writing poetry so important sonnets of Shakespeare has to be tackled right so from this question the key takeaway is that don't ignore other genres of a particular author he might be famous for a particular kind of work for example his novels or poetry you have to read other works as well okay moving ahead the next is this is a question about myth and this is directly from literary theory structuralism Roland Barth is a writer that we study in literary theory module number seven just you have to go to module number seven move down to literary theory and you will find Roland Barth so Roland Barth is right here in structuralism this is the writer that you should be studying okay now this question doesn't mean that you just have to read about Roland Barth you have to also look at all the other theories Louis Elthruiser, Michael Foucault, you will see here we also have Michael Foucault, we also have Louis Elthruiser okay so Louis Elthruiser you can just search Louis Elthruiser comes under Marxism so you have to also study him so if you see any question which has a correct option but you have to read the rest of the writers you cannot skip them right moving ahead to the next question now this is from nature, nurture, debate and linguistics so linguistics this topic is covered under psychoanalytical criticism because that talks about how language is formed when we were a small kid okay how did we learn language so Norm Chomsky say a question again you just have to move to psychoanalytical criticism and here you'll find Norm Chomsky right I have written down chapter and modules so those who are a part of online course they keep asking that which literary theory is important so this the reason why I'm mentioning all the literary theories here is that to tell you that no literary theory is less or more important all the literary theories are equally important, structuralism is coming, post analytical criticism is coming psychoanalytical criticism is coming similarly new historicism so all the literary theories are important now this was a question from literary theory what is important here is again the same thing all the four writers are important Claudie Loverstross, Norm Chomsky, Roland Barth and Richard Rotary, Charo important all these writers you must know now for somebody who has skipped literary theory and sat for the exam would feel that the syllabus was the question paper was out of syllabus why because so many writers are there who you don't know but these all writers are very important part right for example see Claudie Loverstross is from structuralism now the next one Norm Chomsky we just saw from psychoanalytical criticism Roland Barth is right here from structuralism you'll find it lesson number nine Roland Barth so all of them are important okay just checking once again if the screen audio everything is working fine and I'm just waiting for students to reply Taptiraj is asking mom can you please share the link of the PDFs here sure Taptiraj I'll just do that just give me a second you can also download it from just a second I have to take it from yesterday's video I posted it in the video pin chat me I am not so good with the technology so please forgive me for the delay that is happening I am going to get better with it okay so I'm posting it right here yes so I've posted the cutter I've posted the question paper answer PDF as well as the module vice syllabus which I'm displaying right here so both the things I've posted you can check that out if you want okay you'll find my you know the the links that I've given in the comment section okay moving forward to question number five now this is from plateau plateau again we know is from literary criticism Greek critics I am showing you simultaneously so that anybody of you who is a part of the online course should not feel as it the topic covered me so Greek critic critics and the lesson number two is plateau now what is important here is that names of all the books of famous critics must be learned just knowing the concept the plateau ne kya kya main theories didi just knowing that is not enough you need to know the names of the books kyunki yeh chaaro jo puche gaye yeh books ki name hain okay plat okay so that is also very very important moving ahead again a question from English in India macaulay's minutes so module number 11 here we go English in India lesson number seven right here is macaulay's minute where we tackle this I've also mentioned the difficulty level now difficulty level which I've mentioned is according to the people who are a part of my online course okay I'm not giving the difficulty level for general people why because subka preparation level I cannot tell that that question might be very easy for you okay so for people who are part of my online course I'm mentioning the difficulty level as well okay so you can skip it moving ahead to the next question now there are these four works a tale of the modest proposer Gulliver's travel and no description of a city shan now what is important to note here is that all the important quotation from the famous work is important for you to note you just cannot know the summaries you have to know the opening and closing lines important quotations and the writing style of the author because deke in one of your paragraph di I Gulliver travels is is the author was writing Gulliver travels and how is that different from modest proposer a a writer kind of different works then he's talking about women murdering their bastard children so again you can relate if you know the summary then you will be able to see what Gulliver travels mentioned in such a way a lot of just societies ke baare me mentioned here us make your assa koi episode mention ta vaha see you are able to understand ke conser option kiske saath match karee ha so this is a difficult question for those who have not looked at important quotations writing style of the author who don't know the summaries of the work but it's a moderate level question for those who have read these works in detail detail hasn't those who have read the summaries in detail okay moving ahead now empirical research the question so research as I always say as a doting question at a slam just uh you know skipping this question because I've a research kept here so you will not know this question okay moving ahead this is a question where they have given four writers and they have given names of their works okay so Gayatri Spivak F.R. Lewis Federick Jameson you can see it charo ke charo jo hain would theorist hain so module number seven literary theory se hain now as I always say ki theory ke jo writers hain usko aapko sub se pehle ek writer ko dekhna hain usne kya important concepts dekhne hain wo dekhne hain saath satya aap to also see the major works works ke title aapko patao na jaye okay so let us just search one or two of them hain hain hain kya hi writers covered hain all of them are covered so if you are going to see so Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak we cover under Indian literature then F.R. Lewis is again somebody who is very very important from the point of view the reason why he might not be visible here is because uh dot laga ho hain so aapne agar kabhi search ki hain to aap sif ek naam search kariye ya to Lewis search kali just aapko mil jayega kain bar humlogan ek hain pe dot laga rakh hain aapne dot ne lagaya so search me problem I fit Federick Jameson ki baat hu hiye to just search first or the last name of the ratha Federick Jameson post modernism oh okay now Richard Hogart is not covered in our course so this is something which I'll mark with red so that you know that this is a writer which is not covered in the course okay so Richard uh Hogart hain hain hain hain but baaki tino covered hain right moving ahead uh to the next question which is this is a question from American literature Herman Melville se question hain so Herman Melville ko hain cover karte hain American literature ke aangar under American writers of romantic age okay so Melville Herman Melville as you can see lesson number three hain under this iske aangar you have to understand ki Herman Melville ko mostly aap log ja padte hain even if you're studying you know graduation or post graduation level you just look at Moby Dick which is the main work but yaha pe ek bukhati small work se baat kari kate hain now aap log jab notes banaat hain I'll just show you map students ko kese notes banaane ko bolthi hu so this is a sample of of notes made by one of my students okay and ye Herman Melville pe hain saab deke billy bud ek work hain then Moby Dick or Vail isko detail mein aab log ne padha hain ispe sare past year questions hain then this is again a work now see 1846 mein ek work tha this about authors actual experience on island nowa haku andkeeping rose dek tribe of typey story of great love affair with a native girl now see Why because? If you know all the minor works of Herman Melville, this would have been a very very simple question to answer The reason why I am going to show my notes and I am going to show you PDFs that we give in the course Is to help you understand how to make notes of any writer Because most of the time you will read Herman Melville's movie dick But when you will find this question, you will be like, I don't know, you will feel left out You will be like, after preparing for me, I couldn't answer this question The reason is that you did not do the preparation in a proper manner Okay, now let's move ahead to the next work Now these four works will be arranged in chronological order I was talking in detail about the chronological order In my shift one analysis where I told you that chronological questions come from different ages So if you know the sequence of the age, for example I will give you four works from British literature One work is written by John Dryden For example, one work is written by John Dryden Next work, so you know that is from the Restoration Age Next work is written by maybe Thomas Saudi or Samuel Taylor Coulter So you know that after Restoration there was Romantics Then you have a work by Robert Browning So you know Robert Browning comes in Victorian And then there is a work by Virginia Bull So if you have got four works and you have studied the writers in this chronology Which I am showing you right here In that case, you don't have to know the publication date of the works If you just know the four works coming from four different periods You can easily attempt it Now, all the chronological questions will come I am not going to discuss them again and again Because I have to explain the same thing again and again Again, post-structuralism is a work I have told you that post-structuralism is a very important literary theory Which you cannot skip Post-structuralism has all these writers that you have to read You should know the main concepts and these four writers You can check out this detailed list which is available free of cost So you can download it and if you are studying on your own, you have to prepare it Similarly, you have seen these four topics Four literary theorists This is a very, very easy question I have written it very easy Because these four are the most important literary theorists In their own theory area And they have chosen their main concept So if you don't even know this question That means you haven't studied the theory at all These four authors, if I will help you search You will see that they are a part of this theory It is from Marxism and Antonio Gramsci Then Peore Baldua is from, sorry Again, it is from Marxism Then we have Jack Derrida I am always saying don't put two works Because there can be a mistake in the spellings Post-structuralism is Jack Derrida So just put either the first name or the last name And then we have Gramsci Antonio Gramsci is again from Marxism So all four of them are from, three of them are from Marxism And one is from the other theory Four very, very easy writers Which you have to know It was from Marxism, it's a very, very simple question Direct question, that's why I am not discussing Charles Dickens again and a writer Which you should know Now, this is something where students face a problem Echolists who are writers, many people say They are out of syllabus Now, this question is not out of syllabus European literature is the part of English literature syllabus And in European literature, you read Greek literature Greece is a country which is in Europe So Greek literature, classical Greek literature You read European literature is module four in the online course So those who are a part of online course Again I am saying, please don't skip European literature That is less important Because British have more questions But they come from Europeans And classical Greek literature Is the first chapter under this Where you get lesson number five Echolists Now, solid study For those who are preparing on your own What you need to understand Solid study of classical Greek In Roman literature is very important This is never covered in the guide books Pick any guide book They skip this whole segment There is never any information on it So please go to module number four In our case syllabus In arpatakarwa.com And check out this list All classical Greek writers And all these Roman writers In which I even tell Old Testament, New Testament There are two parts of the Bible You should know that too Because Paradise, Lost And pilgrim progress There are many texts Where there are direct references If you know this What is the story of Christianity What is history If you know this It becomes a cake work For you to understand those works So on this we give Two lectures of 40 minutes In which we tell you Everything that you need to know About the Bible So this thing If you are not a part of the course You should read the history Of New Testament, Old Testament Okay And module four Refer for the names of All the European writers As I said There is no guidebook In the market Which will tell you Italian literature All these writers You should know Russian literature You should know German French All the writers And other European literature Which are of different countries Each writer Which we have Club together You should know all this Okay If you If you had read the Echolus You should know What three books In this trilogy You should know the name Of the books Again in European literature You don't need to go into the detail Of each and every work Many works You will know You will go through past year papers That the name of the works of Echolus Is still being asked From their detailed summary Is not being asked So you should know the name Would be enough Okay Moving ahead Althruzer Lewis Althruzer We just saw A question came from him Lewis Althruzer Again Another question came from Lewis Althruzer Which is from a statement Reasoning analytical If you have read Althruzer So you will know Their interpolation theory Now this was a very trick question You see Interpolation He has also given it So if you have read The question below If you don't know Althruzer Then you can follow this match Because you know Lewis Althruzer Interpolation Is written Because Nick Question came So in this way You will have to use Your mind To get those extra marks Okay Even if again Charles Darwin As we all know The origin of species Which became A very important text Of Victorian age So it is important to know this Now Jonathan Swift On this writer I would like to talk in detail With you Because what happens is That students say Ma'am we have done Two major works of Jonathan Swift Gulliver Travels And Modest Proposals We both studied But even then We couldn't attempt This question on Jonathan Swift Now those who are Not a part of my online course Let me tell you Every author's biography Is very important to read I am going to show you PDFs That when we teach students So what is the sequence Of writers like Jonathan Swift Jonathan Swift is a very Major writer So what I am showing you With his PDFs You will come to know That all the major British Writers Which way And how deep You have to read them Because if you Read their major works Then you can't clear it Okay This question is Of a very easy level Why I will just show you Okay So if we talk about Jonathan Swift So these We give Five lectures Whose PDFs I am showing you They have video lectures But I am not showing you That because I will show you All the video lectures So it is going to take A lot of time So I am just showing you The video lectures Are made from pointers So about Swift First of all You should know Some points in the biography So you see This is on top Of their biography There is a whole Lecture Where we explain All these things But these are the key take-aways That students should know So if you See in their biography So these are all Their pen names You can ask In some net That which writer Was this pen name So if you Read the modest Proposal of Jonathan Swift Then you Will not be able to give This question So it is very important That you take care of Where it is born It is asked If you see For example If you look At the paper You are born In Dublin If you read This detail carefully So you In this question You are talking About Jonathan Swift Then father mother Talks about Again important Where he studies He is talking about Education He has studied From Trinity college Here it is written Trinity college Then He has authored With Samuel Johnson Many books Where he went During Revolution He has worked With William Temple He met Esther Johnson Who is the Daughter of William Temple Then deeply affected By Esther Johnson's Death His girlfriend Esther Johnson Then he became You know He died After he became A minister After William Temple Died He became a minister And he has written His epithaap And he was buried here Okay Now You are getting All these details Ordained in the church of England Here we are talking Church of England So you see How important To read the biography In detail This is just One writer That I am saying You just Read Jonathan Swift's Normal He must be Talk about his political career Talk about Whose club members We talked about Whose friends Who were We talked about Who said Those things We mentioned So in this way You will have to Read Jonathan Swift's Biography Then comes Jonathan Swift's Minor works Look If we talk about Major works Then Battle of the Books And Gulliver Travels These are two Okay And Modest Proposal Three works Which we Read in detail So these are Three works But apart from this There are many Minor works Which you will have to read Yesterday A lot of people Asked me about YouTube Live That What are minor works Tell me a little That is the reason Why I am Showing you the screen today So that I can show What are minor works These works You can see These five They are Minor works Of Jonathan Swift And if you See Here In this question There are Many times They give you Drapiers Letters And say Who wrote this work If you Listen to this Lecture And remember Its notes It becomes very easy You get These notes In the course So you don't have to Write this down But I want to show you That If you are Making your own Notes If you are Studying So how to Make Jonathan Swift's Biography In order Again All these works I have given you In chronological order You have to remember In this order So that if you Don't remember publishing years Then No problem You can solve Questions easily So You should know Some details You shouldn't tell Summaries Then Predictions for Ensuing years You should know Details about Journal of Stella You should know Details about Here I have put Image So that you Remember Drapiers, Letters This is very important In this They talked About Fake Coins to Make profit And told The Government That What is wrong Because They criticized William Wood Who Used to Hold Coins monopoly So We have The image So that What are the lines So You have to remember But in This thing You should know Then coming on to Major works You have to read them The main things About Gulliver Travels What are the things in Lilliput You can see Images Because we Have explained the whole In the video Here We give you Main details So that You can revise The whole video He knows What all of this Similarly If you are Making your own Summary Don't Read Use images Use diagrams Use mind maps So that Your mind Can retain things in a better way Okay These are the four sections And facts and quotes Like I told you You need to remember A lot of quotes These were some new Words Which Were added After Gulliver Travels Was written So in this way You have to read Gulliver Travels Then If we talk about Battle of Books Introduction Then background Who was who What happened in the battle Who were the gods Who were the ancients Who were the moderns Who did the attack Who did it That was Homer You can see That This is a lot of information But guys This is Actually What UGC net English Is all about It is not simple Right now We are just talking about A writer In which You need to read All these things Because this time They have asked From the Biography of Swift The question is That battle of the books And from that Ask Whether it was About this writer Or not Then you have to know Who won Who lost And again Important quotations And gave Now we look at The last work Which is Modest Proposals Okay So if we talk about Modest proposal Its full name Is so big Which is called Modest proposal Criticism Who criticized In this work Then What is the solution What are the Government's policies Criticized And then What are the solutions Then they have Talked about Consequences What is the problem How to solve it And then Let's talk about Important quotations Which Are asked From this work Okay So this Is a way From which You will know That Jonathan Swift How to read Writers So you think John Dunn John Milton William Shakespeare And all these Major British writers You can see here Many writers You have to read So much detail Okay So if we talk So if we talk Thomas Moore You have to read So much detail Christopher Marlowe You have to read Shakespeare Of course Francis Bacon Then moving ahead George Chapman Small writer But Ben Johnson You have to read John Dunn You have to read John Milton You have to read Many of them Minor writers You can't skip Minor writers I'm going to show you How to read Minor writers So in every age You will find some major writers Like John Milton John Bunyan Major Minor You will reach below Enlightenment Age Alexander Pope Jonathan Swift Richard Steele Joseph Edison Samuel Johnson Daniel Defoe Major Samuel Richardson Major Thomas Gray Oliver Cromwell Oliver Goldsmith Major Then William Wordsworth Taylor Coleridge Robert Saudi Jane Austen Mary Shelley Moving ahead Tennyson Browning Elizabeth Browning Rosetti Christina Rosetti Charles Dickens Thakre George Eliot You will find some major And then We have read Thomas Hardy Elizabeth Gask These are major writers They have to read Like I have told you About Jonathan Swift Okay So now that I have given a very Very detailed lecture Jane In the comments If you guys are following me Or if you want Guys want me to Slow down Okay I am moving Very very fast Because I have to discuss A lot of questions With you But Please let me know If you Have anything like this Okay You have any doubt So You can ask me In the comments Or should I move ahead To the next question Niyati is asking Can I download The PDF and subscription And use PDF For after end If Six months subscription So you can download But after six months You won't have it If you want You can make Your handwritten notes Okay Taroosh She is saying We can go ahead So let's move forward Next question Direct method Direct method Is from Language and Pedagogy So if we talk about Language and Pedagogy Then you have to Read these topics Those of you Are preparing On your own Please Go to the website And see All the titles You have to read them These are teaching Methodologies This question came from Direct method One year Total physical response One year Situational approach Okay So You have to know These are important Minor topics If you know Sometimes students say Ma'am we leave Language and Pedagogy Only two or three questions Are coming But understand guys If you Are staying From two marks To clear the UGC So this question Could have taken you After the Cut-off You know Line If you Had only one question You would have Caused the cut-off line So each Marks are hit So you cannot Skip anything Those are Part of my online Course Please watch this video The topics I have covered Are important So cover them Course is lengthy But we cannot Do anything about it If you want to clear UGC net You have to read Moving ahead Who among the following Has written Leer a play Now Shakespeare's King Leer This question Comes in the net Edward Bond If you search In past year papers I think At least 10-12 times This writer And this text Has been repeated And we teach this In British literature This is the writer Of post-modern age One important thing Guys You can read any Books Post-modern age Mostly You know It is Escaped By most of the books Routledge William J. Longo They end up On a modern age Their history Of English literature Doesn't go to post-modern age So post-modern age There are 50 writers From 1950 to 2000 One of them Is Edward Bond The dramatist Which we are teaching So this list of 50 writers You should Check this list From my website And make Different notes In this way I have made you PDF notes Tell me If you are Self-studying Then your notes Should be So precise And you Can make Important points Only then There is a very good chance That you Will Clear the net Okay So most of the British Literature books End with Modern Period So if you Don't read After Modern Period So this is very important to know Okay Moving ahead To the Next question Which is This Now Every day It is talked about On the theater See friends I always tell you That Never miss out The historic Events of any age Whenever you Read If I Show you from the Starting So in this chronology You have to read Whenever you are reading So every Lecture Every chapter Is about The historic background Theme and style Of that age Okay Similarly Age of Chaucerb What was happening Then we talk about Age of revival What important Historic events Cultural Set of Cultural Rules Regulations What What Significant Changes What important Literary Or historic Movements So there We talk About Very important Okay It is very important to talk about this Because this time The question that this Directly came from Elisabeth theater I will also show you The pdf of Elisabeth theater So that you guys know Beginning of drama What we talked about In which We talk about Drama What is In Greek theater Drama started Middle Ages Mystery plays Miracle plays First Miracle play What is Morality plays Then After that We talk about Theater From where These questions came That Who made Theater What important theater This time If you see the question So the question came From Rose theater We talk about Rose theater This is a theater name The theater is the name Of a theater It is a cartoon From here I remember That I shot a very good Video In London On Globe theater Please Those who have not seen After this life Today only Watch that video You will know How beautiful History of Globe theater Here is Rose theater Whose question came Then This is Globe theater Where There are many questions Apart from this Swaan Hope You need to know Theater So You do not have to Miss out on Historic background You Read Historic details Read Okay Then We come on To The next question Just like The first question Which we had In D. H. Lawrence Now D. H. Lawrence When I mentioned D. H. Lawrence When I told you That D. H. Lawrence As a Author But As a Novelist But As a Poet He is A question Similarly Thomas Hardy As a Novelist But We do not Read him As The work Read all of them Similarly Here I am saying If we are talking about Thomas Hardy So these are the Poetries Which you should know Okay So these are Minor works of Thomas Hardy These are not the Major work Major work Of course Is test of the Derby bill You have to Read it in detail But You have to read Minor works Just like I had shown you Jonathan Swift Minor works Just like Okay again This is a question from MLA Handbook We cover this Module number 13 If you go to Module 13 So in 13 We are talking Format of thesis writing Here We are talking about MLA Handbook How MLA Handbook You should Write all the things Okay This question came from there Okay Moving ahead To the next question Which is This Now Richard Hogart And Stuart Hall Again Literary Theory We saw Stuart Hall If you want I can show you again Literary Theory If you go So these are Theories New Criticism Formalism Structuralism Poststructuralism Postmodernism Psychoanalytical Criticism Archetypal Criticism Readers Response Theory Feminism Muxism New Historicism Here Stuart Hall Question Cure Theory Eco Criticism Postcolonial Criticism All these Criticism All these Theories Basically Criticism All these Theories Equally important This time Structuralism Marxism Psychoanalytical Criticism Norm Chomsky Now New Historicism Question So you Can't Skip Mostly Students Who are preparing Main Theories Read Structuralism Poststructuralism Postcolonialism Read New Historicism Leave it This was such a simple question You can answer easily If you have New Historicism Those four Lectures I gave If you have heard Now moving ahead This is from Indian Literature Finally We read them in Indian Dramatists There are four Dramatists in Indian Dramatists Which I tell you These are Novelists These are Poets These are Indian Aesthetics Which was just added In syllabus There are four Dramatists in Dramatists Out of which 100% Every question comes This time they have Questioned This From Girish Karnar Last time Questioned From Vijay Tendulkar Similarly From Mahesh Duttani One of them Comes Now again What they have Influenced Again When you are Reading Girish Karnar Only Major works You Have to read Girish Karnar's Biography What writing style Which teams If you know You can answer This question Right So While reading Be very careful Like I told you Jonathan Swift's Biography I am not showing you All the PDFs Because We will waste time We are almost About to reach One hour of the session So I want to Keep it short Now Moving ahead To the next question Now we will go A bit faster From Shephard's Question Which one Was dedicated Since Spencer Important writer Directly Samuel Taylor Then moving ahead Louis McNeese Question Many people say Louis McNeese Is out of course Syllabus Is not Louis McNeese If you Had Reading Literary Movements There Is a section In which There 50 Lectures Which I Tell students Read Every age Louis McNeese Knows His main works Knows This would have been A very easy question For those Who would have gone Through these Lectures Or For those Who have done Self-Preparation In which They have Read These movements But for those Who have not Read This is a Difficult Question Again moving on To the next Work From European literature Is from European literature It comes Into Italian literature Widget Endulkar Is from Indian literature These were Their correct answers Again If you Read These Writers Which I always say Module For European literature Which I have List I have to Read All the Writers Which I have to Read Which I have to Read For Five Writers Five Different You know What we will say Other than British literature Philip Roth Shirley Jameson Henry James Ruskin Bond And I don't know About this We have not covered this In the course So I'll just Write this out I don't know This Writers But we know The rest And for you It is very important That you Read American literature And Indian literature Which is module Which is Writers Which is They Where They were Reciting While writing So it is very important That you Read American post-colonial European literature You cannot just Take to the British literature Moving ahead To the next question Now this Is a question Where they Have spoken Of D.H. Lawrence So again Like I have I told you Whenever Whenever You are Reading any Work What was the commentary on the other writer? Who praised him? Who ridiculed him? It is important to know that. So when we read D.H. Lawrence in the lecture, then we talk about these things that what did Philip Larkin say about them? Philip Larkin, the writer, those of you who don't know, he will give you chapter number 12, in the section of post-modern age poets. I will just search this quickly and show it to you. So Larkin is a very important post-modern poet that you must read. You will find it in post-modern age. Okay, again, I have talked about the poetics of Aristotle. I have told you that you have to read these writers in criticism. This is a writer who, again, from where he came from, we are not sure about it, so this is not a part of the course. Then let's talk about the chronological sequence of John Milton's work. Again, I want to show that why it is important. Listen to this and Paradise Lost. These two works are like this. This is a very, very easy question. Anyone who has read John Milton's work should know. What do you do? Listen to this and Paradise Lost. Let's read it very carefully. The rest of the works are forgotten by Milton. So it is very important to read minor works. It is very important to read in chronological order. You cannot clear by just reading Paradise Lost. Look at John Milton. These are four PDFs. We give four lectures which are handouts basically. So when you read John Milton, you have to read his biography completely. You have to read everything in it. What he has said, who he met with Gilelli in Florence, who he had first failed marriage with, then how he restored his eyesight, who he had second marriage with, who he had third marriage with, what kind of influence he had on writers. And then I was talking about this. Who has said what about John Milton? You have to know all that. Like we just saw a question, what did Philip Larkin say about D.H. Lawrence? So this is one thing you have to add to your notes. Whatever notes you are making, what did he say about who, what did he say about his poetry, what works he praised, who he criticized. Moving ahead to next work. Look at these minor works which you need to know in detail. And if you look at the question paper, you will see that they are talking about these works. Listener's Paradise Lost is a major work. Then if we talk about them, there is Aeropagitica on the morning of Christ Nativity. You need to know all these works. What are the summaries of these works? What is it? He wrote a pamphlet on divorce. What is it? He wrote a work on education. Aeropagitica where he talked about the license, about the press. You need to know that. Then Tenure of Kings in Magistrate. And then there is this Samsung Agnostic where a question came in shift one. You need to know that. Then when we come on to the next work, Milton's famous poems. You will see all the poems that we were talking about. So if I show you, he talked about the morning of Christ Nativity. Then he talked about on Shakespeare, which is here. And then he talked about Lysidus and Paradise Regen. So Lysidus and Paradise Regen we have discussed in that lecture along with Paradise Lost. So you see that I have told all these works chronologically. If you remember in this chronology, then the question was very easy for you. What are the important things? We have told that this should be remembered. We have also criticized Samuel Johnson for Lysidus. He talked about that. Lailigro, La Penceroso. He talked about all these things. How do you want to make notes? The only reason why I am showing you all of this is to tell you that you should first know which writers you want to read and then how to read those writers. Now one more thing, we have put a free video on Paradise Lost on YouTube, which is a part of our online course which we have put for students so that they can understand how to make notes. So please watch that video. You can just type Paradise Lost Summary by Arpita Karwa. You will get that video. And you can watch it. We will give you this kind of PDF. The basic important things in the video we will give you a mind map so that you understand and you know the important important names. For example, Archangel Raffael's talk, Abidel's talk. So you have to know all these works. What are the things that are made. And this is book-wise. All the 12 books of Paradise Lost are covered in here. Now we move on to the next work again. So this again was a question that we did not give. So we always say that there are 10-15 questions that UGC puts deliberately to drop the cut-off. So these questions, we do not make part of our course because it is different every time. So I will include everything. So the course will be never-ending. I want to design a course which is covered by students in 6 months in which we give you 1200 videos covering everything that is asked again and again and again. So you will get such 10-15 questions that you will definitely get in the paper. Even if you have done, you have prepared from our course that you will not be able to answer. And as a teacher, I will not be able to answer that as well because it is made to drop the cut-off. Okay. Now moving ahead to the next question. Look, these are the works of Bertolt Brecht. Their plays were asked. Now many people do not know who Bertolt Brecht is. It is a European literature. Chapter 20 is a German literature in which we read Bertolt Brecht. You can check that out in the European literature. I will not tell you again and again about everything. Because I want you to search for yourself. In Chapter 28, you will get Bertolt Brecht. These are all the works of Bertolt Brecht which you should know. Minor works. When we talk about Bertolt Brecht, we talk about major works of Bertolt Brecht. If you search on the internet, you will see that what I have just told you, Mother Courage and Her Children. This is a very famous play and it is on the top of three. People will only tell you this. But they also get questions from their minor works. So you cannot skip European literature. First of all, secondly, you cannot skip minor works of important writer. Bertolt Brecht is a very important writer. You should know his minor works. Just don't read the summary of Mother Courage and Her Children and feel that I have done the European literature. Now again, these five writers, Bertolt Brecht is getting repeated again. These five writers are from European literature. Oscar Wilde, I am so sorry. But all others are. And Eugene O'Neill is also American. All three are part of European literature. Now moving ahead to the next work, John Dryden's Absolument H.O.F.L. is a question. So just like we saw, the key points are important. You may be the main criticism of John Dryden. Read it. But who is dedicated to the Absolument H.O.F.L. It is very important to know this. But if you want to locate John Dryden, then search in British Literature. You will find it in Restoration Age. These are all the details about Absolument H.O.F.L. First Earl of Shaftesbury. You won't find these details in books. You need to do a separate research to find out the important details like this. Walt Whitman. Again, you will find it directly in American Literature. Walt Whitman is very, very famous. This is Walt Whitman. He is under American Writers of Romantic Age. Then moving ahead. Lady Chatterley's Lover. Very important text. Roll in Bath. Roll in Bath is from Literary Criticism. It is a work by her. Then coming on to Raymond Williams. You can search these writers. These are all the parts of Literary Theory. In Literary Theory, I will just quickly search and tell you. Roll in Bath. Roll in Bath is in Structuralism. And then we have Raymond Williams. Raymond Williams is under New Criticism. This is important to read. Kamala Das. Very important Indian poet. Module No. 5. You will find it. Edmund Burke's Question. This is the same question that came in your Shift 1. I will just open Shift 1 and show you very quickly. In Shift 1, I told you yesterday that Question No. 8 came. Who proposed the idea of Tabula Rasa? John Locke came. And another 51th question came which was on just a second. I will quickly take you. There is a question on John Locke. And there is a question on which was the question number? I just forgot. 51. There is a question on Thomas Hobbs. John Locke and Thomas Hobbs and in this, he has asked Edmund Burke. Now if nobody knows these writers they will think that they are out of the syllabus. They are not out of the syllabus. They are from literary criticism. Mostly people read this in literary criticism. Socrates, Plato, John Trident, Alexander Pope, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor, Coldridge, George Elliott, Henry James. They forget these thinkers which need to be read in Enlightenment age. Thomas Hobbs, John Locke and Edmund Burke. There were three questions from criticism. If you did not study this, you would not be able to answer it. A lot of comments came from students that ma'am we are so grateful that last week we said that we must read criticism. We read 25 lectures which you can see. They read it well. Their PDFs were read well and they were able to answer. Because this is a direct question. They only ask the names of their books. They do not ask any minor details. They only ask the names. So these are the three questions which came from here. So please don't miss out on this. Thomas Hobbs, John Locke, Jean-Baptiste Vico, Edmund Burke, Edward Gibbon and Adam Smith. These are the questions. You will not find these in any guide books. This is important. Moving on to next day, Johnson's Literary Club. Who is in his part? Now again I tell you literary movements are not the part of official UGC net syllabus. There are three to four questions from these movements. This time he asked from here from Enlightenment Age. He asked one more question. I am not very sure. He asked from an ordinary group from Lewis McNeese. He asked one more question. From the beat generation or somewhere. He asked the question of movement poets in shift one. He directly asked the question from movement poets. So it is very important to read this. We just talked about Philip Larkin. When we were talking about D.H. Lawrence. We were talking about which writer said something about D.H. Lawrence. Philip Larkin. When I showed you. In the modern age. Under post modern age. In the modern age. We read them in poets. Then moving ahead. Famous diary writers. Now again a very very simple, very easy question which should have come to you. Samuel Pepps asks a lot of questions. You all must know he was a very famous diary writer. Okay. Along with that. There is another diary writer. John Elvin. He teaches you every year. And students are always like why are you studying this. He never asks questions. But many times he asks questions. So when you search. John Elvin. So you will see. Question on this. Here it is. In the age of restoration. Lesson number 4. Right on Samuel Pepps. We teach John Elvin. On John Enville.   In which we tell only two things. This is his biography. This is his famous work. Whose name you should know. This was written on trees. And his diary was written in this period. And this time you see. Directly. This is the question. Which one of them is the famous diary writer. And it doesn't have Samuel Pepps's name anywhere. So if you had read so many lectures. Then it would have been a cakewalk to answer this question. So you see. That paper is not difficult. Paper is easy. If you have skipped this writer. That is why you will find the paper difficult. Again I am coming back to the comment section. I just wanted to know from you guys. That if you are following the lecture. The discussion that I am just sharing with you. I just want a few students to answer. Whether I should move ahead. And everything that I have explained so far was clear. To all of you. Let me just wait for a few seconds for you guys to answer. Okay. So meanwhile you guys are posting your answer. Let me move ahead and talk about Stuart Hall. We have just seen about Stuart Hall in cultural studies. So. Great. Mayur says yes. Move ahead. Perfect. Okay. So 63 against Stuart Hall. I am not going to go in the detail. One very, very important thing that I want to tell you. John Elvin. He was a minor writer that you missed out on. Another question from British minor writer is by Richard Lovelace. We read John Dunn. George Herbert. But you forget a lot of small writers. Richard Lovelace is one such writer. I will just show you very quickly. Lovelace. Here he is. Richard Lovelace. In this category, Henry Wogan, George Herbert, John Dunn. He is there. He is called a Cavalier poet. We read Jacobian in Caroline H. Richard Lovelace. A very minor writer who has a very small pdf. I will show you how much we read. Biography. Two works. Look at the paper. Directly. Directly. This is the work. This is the work. Luchasta. Postume poems. Luchasta. This is a very small biography that we tell. They wrote a poem about which we talk. And then they wrote about Luchasta who wrote his wife when she went to prison. Her important lines.  If you read it this would have been a very very easy question for you. So see guys this is difficult. That's what I'm saying again and again. You see these writers who are getting questions every time. This syllabus that we made we made in 2018. After that we updated it every time. And these are the syllabus that we are getting questions every year. So how can we say that paper was difficult. Study of minor writers are very important. These questions are very easy for students who know just some key points about these writers. John Enville and Richard Lovelace which you have to read a little bit. These are minor writers. And I have shown you Jonathan Swift PDF and I have shown you Milton which are major writers which you have to read in some way. So major writers also get questions from minor and major writers like Richard Lovelace are minor writers. These major writers get questions from major writers. These major writers can move ahead very quickly. These are four writers who get questions from minor works. Charles Lam William Haslitt are famous writers who get questions from minor works. This is a very important thing that I want to tell you. This is written by Francis Bacon. People read essays of Francis Bacon in biography. You have to read so much. His essays are minor works. But Francis Bacon also read minor works. These four are minor works. So we talk so these are divided in six, five. And Novum which was the question was Novum Organum here you will see that Novum Organum was taught by Francis Bacon. Francis Bacon will not read minor works. These minor works are not available in books. So you have to research the previous papers. Again John Lillie is an important writer that we cover. Just a second. Yes. Here is a very famous playwright of ElizabethAN This question is not covered by us. We teach only one Ramanujan, we teach the rest of Purushotram Lalam, but they don't teach it. So again, I am highlighting you in red, which we didn't teach because we are telling you that you will get 10-15 questions in every year. Just ask them and they will drop them. They are different every time. So we cannot keep including all of them. Look at this, David Hume, Edward Gibbon, William Goldwyn, Tobias Smollett. These are the names of the works of four writers. There are four British writers. We teach two of them in Criticism when we talk about Enlightenment Critics. So in Criticism, if you look here, so David Hume and Gibbon, Edward Gibbon we are teaching here. And if you go to British Literature, you will see William Godwin and Tobias Smollett. So Godwin we all know very much connected to Mary Godwin who later became Mary. Who later was married to a famous writer. I would want you guys to tell me the name of that writer. Who married William Godwin's daughter. Okay, so I am just looking for the reply. You guys tell me. What was the marriage of William Godwin's daughter from a famous writer? Till then I will search the other writer who is David, sorry, Tobias Smollett. Tobias Smollett is here. You will get Tobias Smollett in Enlightenment Age under Novelist section. See, this writer is also available here. There are four writers of British Literature. Then there is the talk of Platovirus Total, I am skipping the question. Then we go down quickly. Correctly matched, there are five very famous writers of each quote. And out of these five, three of them are minor works. We read the rest of Thomas Hardy's work, Return of the Native. Similarly, Virginia Wolf's Mrs. Dalloway is a very very famous work. And we will talk about George Elliott's novel, that is written by Jane Austen. Charlotte Bronte's professor of work, which is again a minor work. Because we mostly read Jane Austen, sorry, Jane Iyer. That is why it is important that you are major writers. The five of them, you will also read their minor works. I have already shown you John Milton's notes and Jonathan Swift's notes. To tell you how to read them exactly. Okay, let me see if any of you have answered P.B. Shelley. Perfect, Mary Shelley was the name of the daughter and P.B. Shelley was his wedding. Okay, great. Moving ahead to the American poet Robert Lowell. If you have not read American Literature properly, then you will feel that this writer was also out of syllabus. He was not. He gets questions from them every time. Robert Lowell is here. We will read Silvia Platt. American writers of post-modern age. Okay, Charles Dickens has a question. You should come. Okay, then we come to Arthur Miller. Arthur Miller, again, a famous American writer, Miller. Let's talk about Arthur Miller. Here he is. American writers of modern age. He has a question. He also got a question from a minor work. We read Arthur Miller's major works. If you ever read Arthur Miller, then what will you do? Arthur Miller will type famous works and make notes. In that, you will get All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, Crucible, and A View from Bridge. You will read these four summaries. You can see the question. The question came from his minor works. So, Arthur Miller is a major American writer and that is why his minor works are titled in the net. Okay, then Stephen Goson. If you have read Restoration Age and Age of Milton, then you must know that there are many writers who have written about Stephen Goson. This is the question. Then moving ahead, Joseph Edison. Joseph Edison's magazine name is Puche. Now, again, I tell the students that there is module number 10, Language and Pedagogy. We have put a special lecture in which we will talk about popular journals and magazines. These five journals that you can see are very famous journals. And this is our Enlightenment Age. It is a journal of the 1600s period. It is between the 1750s and 1780s. But apart from that, in the modern age, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, they have also worked in some journals. We will give you the full list of all of them in this lecture. So, please don't miss out on Language and Pedagogy. Because I had a lot of students who called me. They said, ma'am, we got this question and we got so happy that we read this lecture. And this was a direct question. So, this is again a very easy question. Then Raymond Williams, I have shown you so many times. Which of his four works is not written by Raymond Williams? In theory, whenever you read any writer, you will read all the important terms that he has given you. Along with that, you need to remember the names of his books. Wilkie Collins. Many people think, ma'am, this was a very tough question. Wilkie Collins is a very famous writer of Victorian Age which you miss out on many times. Wilkie Collins, I will show you. Here is William Wilkie Collins. And he is right here. Victorian Age, chapter number 10. Lesson number 27. You need to find the map. Then is Thomas Keilley. Again, a very important Victorian writer. This is what you are seeing here. You need to go somewhere else. In essays, when we talk about Macaulah, we talk about Thomas Keilley with Matthew Arnold. There comes a question, whose works have only been named. Again, Thomas Keilley is not a very important writer. Only if you know the names, you can do it easily. These stones of Venice that you see here, this is what Walter Pater wrote. If you missed out on this lecture and you know this lecture, you can strike out that this is the correct answer because he did not write the stones of Venice. This question is also wrong because Sartor Sartos did not write this work. This question is wrong in the paper. But if you give another work of Thomas Keilley, and you did not miss out on Thomas Keilley's lecture, but you have read about him, Walter Pater, you would know that Stone of Venice is written by him. Now we move ahead to the next question. Look at these four American writers, Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, and Herman Melville, Mark Twain. These four have a question from a small work. If you remember, we had just talked about Taipei, Peepab, The Police in Life. In the beginning, Herman Melville had a question. The same question, you thought, there are two questions in the same paper. So if you had read Herman Melville, you could easily strike out that question and match this question with this. In the net paper, you get the number of the focus, because the paper is a bit loosely designed. We can ask two questions from the same work of one writer. If both come, if not, then you will miss out on four numbers. This question is again from Stuart Hall. He gave a lot of questions from Stuart Hall. So you cannot tell that if these people read behind the Marxism, then all the questions are from Marxism. This time he read behind the New Historicism. He asked the three writers again and again in the paper. Then T.S. Eliot again. I am not discussing because the major writer should know. Then we will talk about Anton Shikov, Russian literature. When we go into European literature, there is Anton Shikov in Russian literature whose cherry orchard is a very famous work, which is necessary to read in detail. Apart from that, it is necessary to know the title of his minor works. Anton Shikov, I will just search. Anton Shikov, this is Anton Shikov, Chapter number 27, in Russian literature. Okay, so all the students who are reading free of cost, who are part of our course, please join hands and I am doing a very simple Nivedan. Check this list and include all the writers in your notes. I have shown you how to make notes. We have seen the major writer. We have seen the minor writer. We have seen John Milton. We have seen Jonathan Swift. We have seen Richard Lovelace in the minor writer. We have seen John Elvin. Okay, and Herman Melville is a major writer. But how will you make notes, I am just showing you, that you can make notes of this type. You just need to know about this unfinished work. So you can make such notes. Then I used to make such notes. That is why I put it in this. The notes that we give to our students are of this type.  But you can read from those PDFs. The ones who are making notes from themselves are making notes from this type. Okay. Now we move ahead to the next work. Okay, now there is nothing more. There are questions about reading comprehension. If you have a command in your language, if you are reading the passage, then you can easily attempt. There are 5-5 questions. So with that note, we finish our analysis of Paper 2 and Shift 2. Okay, yesterday we talked on YouTube about Paper 2 of Shift 1. Today we talked about Paper 2 of Shift 1. Okay, in yesterday's video, I didn't explain all this because it was also new for me. So I was just discovering which method I can explain how to teach you for December. So those of you who have been watching this live so far, I am very thankful to each one of you and I am very happy that you watched this live. Again, I will show you the cutoff very quickly. So this is the cutoff. If I describe this in one line Paper was easy to moderate in the middle. It wasn't moderate also. That is why I am saying that cutoff 58JRF cutoff 64 will go away because paper wasn't difficult. It will be difficult for those who don't know how to read the writers or who don't know which writers to read. I have given you in the chat how to download paper and how to use this module-wise syllabus for free of cost. You can use it to prepare yourself. Along with how to make notes, I have shown you the periods of my course. We give such periods to students. We make them notes so that they can only remember. If you are making notes, you should also try to make notes. So this was it. This is it about the video. I am going to see you very soon in my next YouTube live or we are going to also post some other important videos on the channel. Meanwhile, before going to sleep, please watch Globe Theatre's vlog and Paradise Lost's summary which is there on YouTube. You will type Globe Theatre and I will tell you why you will get my video. Both videos will give you a different idea of how the time was in the Elizabethan period. Along with that, when you watch Paradise Lost, you will get to know what are the major things that you have included in your notes. We have also put a similar video on Rhyme of the Ancient Mariner where we share our online course. Okay, so that is it from my side for this video lecture. I will meet you very soon in the next video lecture. Till the time we meet next, happy learning, keep loving literature and stay tuned to arpitakarwa.com


One of the major changes that I've seen in recent years has been brought about by technology, and it's been called The Death of Distance, where distance doesn't matter anymore. Customers and suppliers and even surgeons and their patients could be in different parts of the world. As a result of that, the world has become much more competitive. There are people all around the world. A mouse click away, as the saying goes, for candidates for jobs that you and I have held or would want to hold, whereas in the past, we competed with our neighbors for a job. We now compete with people all the way around the world. And the U.S. is a rather serious disadvantage in the other developed countries. For example, one can hire 20 assembly workers in Vietnam. I was recently in a plant in Vietnam for the cost of one in America. You can hire eight engineers in India or five chemists in China each for the cost of one in America. And so if America is going to compete for jobs, and that's what I mean by competitiveness, can we compete for jobs? We're going to have to find a way to overcome this disadvantage we have in terms of the financial rewards that we've come to expect in this country. And there is probably only one way we're going to do that, and that's by being more innovative and quicker to innovate, which to me means investing in basic research. It means investing in quality engineers that can take that basic research, perform by scientists and translate it into products and services. It means they have entrepreneurs and their supporters who can take those products and services and put them into the marketplace. That I think is going to be the big competitive challenge. It's a knowledge economy, knowledge counts. That's going to be the way we'll get jobs in this new economy.


Hi guys, welcome back to my channel. So today I'm gonna be talking all about returning to work, just how I feel about it, how I've been planning for it and preparing for it. And some of the questions that you guys have asked me, either on a YouTube video or on my Instagram, how I'm planning on doing things when I do go back to work. So I thought I would address kind of all of those questions in this video and I'm gonna go ahead and just get started. So today is February 2nd and I returned to work in exactly 10 days from today. By the way, sorry if you see my dog's kind of going around the room and cash is right here.  So I go back to work in 10 days and I have a lot of mixed emotions about going back to work. I'm gonna actually tell you guys how I have prepared for when back to work and answer some of the questions before I get into how I'm feeling about it just because it's kind of emotional and I wanna get all of the good stuff out before I get emotional. So first of all, a lot of you have asked me about childcare and how cash is going to be cared for while I'm at work. So a lot of you know that Scott will be staying home. His schedule is Friday, Saturday, Sunday, Monday. He works four 10s a week and then he is home Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday. He works from six a.m. until four p.m. So during the weekend days, he is actually home for a good amount of time. He's home in the evenings and through the night. So that's awesome. So on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, Scott will be home taking care of cash and on Mondays and Fridays, my mom will actually be here because we are still going to be living here in my mom's house until May. So my mom will be able to help us with cash on Mondays and Fridays and then I'll have the summer break and then beginning the next school year, we will have cash in a daycare on every other Monday and Friday. So my mom will be watching him every other Monday and Friday. So he will only need to be in daycare about four days a month and that won't be until he's almost a year old. So he'll spend most of his first year of life in the care of a family member. And when he is in daycare, I don't know if he'll be in a daycare or if he'll be watched by somebody that we know because we do have a lot of friends that are stay at home. So they might be able to watch him on those days that my mom can't. So that's answering that question. Another question people have asked me is, are you planning to continue breastfeeding when you go back to work? And the answer to that is yes. I do plan on breastfeeding continuously. Obviously I won't be able to actually breastfeed but I will be pumping and bottle feeding him and we are gonna supplement with a little bit of formula because he does still eat about every two-ish hours and I'm probably not going to be able to pump enough for that. So he is gonna be supplementing with a formula and we are using the Happy Baby formula. It is an organic brand. It has no corn syrup in it. It has all the good stuff in it. It's not like similac or infamil and no offense to anyone that uses those but I'm just personally trying to do the organic healthier kind of route. So we use Healthy Baby or Happy Baby and you can get those at Target. I think you can get them at Sprouts and they're an awesome brand. And because I'm gonna be pumping, I'm gonna show you guys what I have to kind of assist me with that. So I did just go to Target today and picked up a couple of items just to kind of help me with my pumping because right now I don't really pump that often. Maybe once or twice a week because I'm home with him. So I do have the Medella... Oh yeah! So I do have the Medella backpack breast pump and it comes in the backpack. It's already in here and it does come out but there's no reason to take it out but it is just this Medella pumping style I guess you'd call it. I believe you can get this at Target. I got mine through my insurance company so if you have insurance, I would call and see if they cover a breast pump. Mine was covered 100% and then I upgraded to this one. So it comes like this. It has all these pouches so this is where the pump tubes are and then it also comes with this big compartment which has a little ice chest in it and the ice pack actually is in the freezer right now because I am going to my classroom tomorrow all day so we're gonna try out the schedule and so my ice chest is in there but this is a little ice chest and then I will be bringing my nursing pads with me just in case I weak or anything and then I have an extra nursing or pumping bra in here and then there's a little like battery pack thing which I probably won't use because I'm gonna be probably leaving this at work honestly during the week because I don't need it here so I have the cord that plugs into the wall and it's nice that it's a backpack so that when I'm carrying it back and forth it is easy to carry. So this did come with the brush shields and the membranes and the valves so I have two of those already and then I also have two hand pump valves so I plan on bringing all so I went to Target and bought a couple more so these are just the brush shields with the valve and the membranes already in them and so I bought two more of these these are $10 kind of expensive but I'm gonna be, there's about three times in the day that I can pump so I figured if I had three sets of valves and brush shields then I would be able to not have to wash them so I will be bringing these back and forth to home and school so that I don't have to use dirty ones and if for any reason I did forget to bring a pair or needed to wash them I found these Medella Quick Cleaning Wipes and they're made for cleaning your breast pump pet things, shields and accessories and just for like a quick clean like if I forgot to bring something and I needed to wash it because you do need to wash your valves and your shields between every use so I did buy two of these so I will be taking those with me as well so I'll show you guys the nursing or the pumping bras that I have I have two of them and they look like this and they just have like the opening for the pump to go in and I don't plan on wearing these on the daily I'm just gonna bring them and what I usually do is I pull the nursing bra like I open it and pull it down and then I just kind of strap this around me so that I don't have to wear this at work because it's kind of uncomfortable but you guys see what it is so I will be pumping at work and I do have, so the way my schedule is set up is we have specials at 9.30, 9.35 and then we have lunch at 12.35 and then school is out at 3.30 so I do plan on pumping every three hours which is gonna be perfect that'll get me three feedings and then my mom will be supplementing with or my mom and Scott will be supplementing with two formula bottles and three breast milk bottles so that will be perfect for cash he'll get plenty, he'll get enough and he'll be fed and happy so that is what I'm planning to do as far as breastfeeding goes and pumping goes and it should work out just fine you know I'm just gonna have to put a little sign on my door that says do not disturb and just let my principal know and my instructional specialists know that if I have this sign on my window just don't disturb me or wait until this time because I plan on pumping for a good like 10, 15 minutes in my break time so that will obviously make prepping and such a little harder and difficult if I'm not planned and prepped so I do plan to get to school at seven o'clock every day between seven and 7.30 so that I have a good hour to prep for the day so I did start planning lesson plans about a month ago and I do have the first two weeks of lesson plans planned out and that is so that I can be kind of ahead and that way before and after school if I'm already prepped I can plan for the next week hi baby so my thoughts and feelings about returning to work are I have mixed feelings obviously you know I love my job I love my students and I'm very you sound like you're burping oh you got hiccups and I'm very eager to return to my students and my work because I'm not a person that likes to just sit around and do nothing and where caring for a baby is not doing nothing but it is a lot of sitting around and where I get bored and stuff sometimes I truly truly have enjoyed these past three months of being with my son and bonding with him and I feel that we have bonded a lot more in the last couple of weeks because he's gotten to a point in his development where he recognizes me and like he smiles and he laughs and he's chatty and you know he's gonna start getting to a point where he plays and sits up and crawls and I'm really scared that I'm gonna miss all of that and you know I don't wanna be at work when something happens and a milestone is reached and I miss it so I'm really I'm looking forward to returning but I'm broken hearted that I have to leave him and everyone said you know is there a way that you can stay home you know and no I mean you guys know teachers already don't make a lot of money and if I stayed home financially we would just be stressed and you know we need two incomes and my little princess business on the side just doesn't really cut it and so I have to return to work and fortunately for us he's gonna be cared for by a family member you know for the most part and until he's old enough to go to preschool or you know old enough to be in a daycare for a couple of days a week he won't have to be there every single day so I do have peace with that information you know with that arrangement and I'm very thankful for that and I feel very blessed because not a lot of teachers get to say that their baby stays home with their family member like they go to daycare or like childcare and that's sad you know like I'm glad if somebody's gonna experience and witness those milestones in his life that it's gonna be his dad or his grandma you know and I told them that if he crawls or does something when I'm not there they're not allowed to tell me about it they have to wait until he does it again when I'm home so that I can experience and it can be his first time with me so but I have you know the last couple of days well about the last week I've been getting a little bit emotional about it you know I don't want Cash to not know me I don't want him to I don't want to not be his favorite you know but I know that there's tons of moms out there that work and they're still their baby's love of their lives and I just have to remember that you know he is going to know me he is going to remember me and love me because I'm his mama and it's just it's hard but you'll be okay right? you'll be okay and the fact that I can still give him my breast milk and give him the best nutrition that he can get is awesome a lot of people work at places that wouldn't allow them to do that or they wouldn't have the time to do that and I'm really glad that I do huh boogies he's like infatuated with my ring light which is super distracting on my glasses I know what look at him he's getting so big he's through 12 weeks old he's almost three months old guys he'll be three months old when I go back huh boogies and as far as sleeping goes like he's sleeping pretty good through the night like he gets me up once in the middle of the night and then he sleeps he goes about like 9.30, 9 o'clock he wakes up around two or three and then he goes back to sleep until about six or seven so really I'm gonna be able to get a good night's sleep and he's probably gonna start sleeping even through the night pretty soon too so we'll be okay huh boogies huh boogies so anyway guys that is it for my how I am planning and preparing for my return from maternity leave and if you guys have any other questions please don't hesitate to leave them in the comments down below and I uh I look forward to getting back into teaching and to getting into my teacher vlogs and everything like that so you guys will see lots of lots more teacher content on my channel when I return and hopefully that's a baby stuff too so thank you guys so much for watching and I will see you in the next video see you bye bye see you bye bye


Next, we'll talk about the strong force. The strong force acts between quarks, and as you might recall, only acts over very small distances, but 10 to the minus 15 meters, on the order of the size of the atomic nucleus. The exchange bosons for the strong force are called gluons. Like photons, they're massless, and they're only exchanged between quarks and anti-quarks. This time, though, the exchange process is a bit more complicated, because there's the third property, known as color, that determines whether certain quarks can be drawn together via the strong force. There are three possible colors that quarks can have, red, blue, or green. The baryon that each set of quarks builds must be colorless, which means you can have one of each type of quark, a red, a blue, and a green. This is an analogy to light. If you combine red, blue, and green light, you get white. This constrains how you can make baryons. Or you can have a quark-anti-quark pair of the same color. This constrains how you can make mesons. Now, quarks don't really have color in the visual sense. The color here is a visual tool we can use to think about which quarks can bind together. The theory that underlies this explanation is known as quantum chromodynamics, or QCD. And the color is basically another quantum number. It's a handy one, too. It allows us to put quarks, which are fermions, and therefore can't live in the same quantum state, in configurations that might be impossible otherwise. These impossible configurations were, in fact, how color was discovered in the first place. But that's the story for another time, because we have one more force to go.


It's the Lone Ranger, the new Lone Ranger, Disney's Lone Ranger, the new Lone Ranger for a new generation. Hey, where's his guns? You will thrill as the Lone Ranger, Disney's Lone Ranger takes a step. Background Photoshop by Miz and Begreedy's 5th grade graphic class. Good work, kids. The Lone Ranger, starring Tonto.