Good morning! As always, I'm in the car on my way to bootcamp. I'm dreading this a little bit. It is 30 degrees out, 30, and I live in the desert. This is unacceptable. I will say that I'm glad that it is not snowing, but it is cold. And in fact, it's going to be 26 tomorrow morning. I'm so glad I don't have bootcamp tomorrow morning, but Man Alive has it been cold here. Abnormally cold. I mean I remember last year being a little bit chilly in January, but I feel like this is really cold. So I'm gonna bundle up. I've got a tank top on and a sweatshirt. I've got big thick socks on. I have gloves to wear. My sweatshirt has a hoodie, so I'll probably put that up over my ears until I at least warm up. I mean that was my car telling me that the outside temperature is freezing. So this ought to be interesting. I know that it is going to warm up a little bit today, not warm by any means, but it'll be sunny. So that always brightens my spirit. I do have a really busy day today. I am getting a facial today. So my in-laws and I drew names and I got Troy and Troy got me. So I'm glad that he got me a facial, though, rather than a non-consumable thing because I don't need anything. So I'm actually happy that he got me a facial and I'm going to a new spa that I've never been to before in Green Valley, which is the town over from where I live. So I'm really excited for that. I have to do a target pickup today. I need to go to the post office. I need to just go through the drive-thru at the bank. I need to deposit a check and Troy and I switched banking institutions. So I want to make sure that my new debit card works and depositing the check will be perfect. We actually got a check from our mortgage company that we had an overage in our escrow of like $150. So they sent us a check. So I'm going to make sure that my debit card works. We I'm expecting a couple packages today. So I'll share those with you guys. I did have about half of my protein coffee this morning before I left for boot camp. I'll finish that up when I get home and then I will see you guys at breakfast. All right, I am home and I'm somewhat ready for the day. I did go ahead and straighten my hair, put on some skincare, just end some sunscreen since I'm gonna run a few errands before my facial. I am ready for some breakfast. I'm super hungry. I did share in my favorites video that I really like making protein pancakes, protein waffles with the devotion nutrition sinful cinnamon protein powder. A lot of you commented on that video. I got some messages, direct messages asking me, what's the recipe? How do I make those pancakes? It's two ingredients. Super easy. So we're gonna have those for breakfast this morning. So you're going to need one scoop or one package of the devotion nutrition sinful cinnamon protein powder. I always say that devotion is my favorite for baking and cooking and my favorite for protein pancakes and protein waffles.  I have the packets right now. This is one serving one scoop and then all you're going to do is mix it with some cam pumpkin. This is pumpkin puree. You can add a little bit of water to get the right consistency. But literally these two things is how I'm going to make my protein waffles. I'm going to do waffles. I am going to top them with some chopped pecans for a healthy fat. I'm also going to top them with my Lakonto sugar-free maple syrup. This is the cinnamon. This is perfection with the sinful cinnamon devotion protein powder. And then I have just some regular carry gold butter. We're going to add a little bit of that for some additional fat. So let me go ahead and get my waffle maker out and I'll show you how I put together the batter. So this is the waffle maker I use. This is the mini waffle from Dash. I bought this on Amazon. I'll link it for you. I have it plugged in and warming up. So I'm going to add my entire packet of devotion or one scoop. You can make these any flavor. I actually shared the devotion brownie batter and I made waffles out of that. A couple of what I eat in a day videos ago. So really you can use any flavor. I like the angel food cake and the sinful cinnamon the best for these. And then you're going to put in about a quarter cup of pumpkin puree. It doesn't matter exactly. Just kind of eyeball it. Measure with your heart. And then we're going to stir that together. And like I said, you are going to have to add in a little bit of water just to get the right consistency. But I always like to mix it up as much as I can with just the pumpkin first. So I added about a tablespoon of water. Even a little bit less than a tablespoon. And that's it. Here is your protein waffle or protein pancake batter. I'm going to spray my waffle maker with some nonstick cooking spray. I just use this one from Chosen Foods. And then we should get at least two waffles out of this batter. Close it up. And when the waffle is done, the light will turn off. Look at that waffle. That is literal perfection. I'm going to add a little bit more nonstick cooking spray and then the rest of the batter. Now I'm going to put a teaspoon of butter spread on both of my waffles. And then I'm going to weigh out 10 grams of pecans. Then I'm going to weigh out two tablespoons of my syrup and milliliters. I like to pop it in the microwave for about 10 seconds just to get this syrup nice and hot. And there are my waffles. Don't those look absolutely incredible? I'll go ahead and put points, calories, macros here on the screen and let's give it a taste. This is the real test how good these are. It's so good. It doesn't, you can't taste the pumpkin at all. It tastes like cinnamon's french toast and then you get the crunch of the pecans. It's so good. Highly recommend. I will link devotion and Lakonto in the description box for you with the discount. Alright, we're in the car. We are headed out to run quite a few errands this morning. First up is the post office actually just pulled into the post office. I did bring a fulfilled protein bar with me. I have a feeling I'm going to be out for a few hours and I don't want to put myself in a position where I get hungry and I don't have something. So I did bring a protein bar with me. I am going to also be getting a coffee. I have my facial in about 45 minutes and I don't think I want to get a coffee before my facial because I don't want it just sitting in my car for an hour while I'm in there. So I brought this so I'll probably get a coffee after I have a couple of Amazon returns for the UPS store which is right by my facial. So I also need to stop by the bank really quick. I think I might do that before my facial and then we're going to make a quick run to Tucson. Nothing's quick in Tucson. It's about a 25 minute drive but we're going to make a quick run and do my target pickup and then I just want to be home around 1130. Troy's heading out with his dad for a few hours today. So I just want to be home before he heads out. I'm also, like I said, expecting a couple of packages so I want to be there when they show up. So let's head into the post office and knock one of these errands out. All right, we are on our way to the bank. It is right around the corner. We should be done in just enough time to get to my appointment. I will say it was kind of weird. It's kind of weird being out in public and running errands bare face. This is not something that I normally do. Other than working out, I typically always wear makeup. So it's weird to be out in public without it. I'm honestly a little bit self-conscious. I know that you guys are going to say, oh you look so great without makeup. Thank you. I always say I'm beautiful with or without makeup. Makeup is just a form of self-expression and I love it and I prefer to wear it. So the truth is I will be putting makeup on as soon as I get home from my facial anyways. But yeah, it's just kind of weird to be running around without it. Okay, well we're not going to the ATM because the Loomis truck is filling it or emptying it and it's blocked. That's going to put a quick stop to that, Erin. So since we weren't able to go to the bank, I think I have enough time to run and do these couple of returns at the UPS store since it's really close to the place that I'm getting my facial. I also brought my water with me. It has my creatine in it in my motivate recovery. I'm going to try to finish that before we grab coffee. There was a chase bank across the street from the UPS store so life is good. I'm able to get everything in the bank and my debit card is working perfectly. Looks and feels amazing. She did a fantastic job. Everything smells so good. We had pumpkin, we had chocolate mint. It was so relaxing. I actually caught myself falling asleep a couple of times two or three times and I would quickly wake up but I could catch myself just so relaxed and so comfortable. My skin, it does look so good though. It feels amazing. I am hungry so I am going to go ahead and eat my protein bar. I'm definitely going to get a coffee. I need a little pick me up and we'll head and grab that target order. Cheers! I got my coffee. So what I got from Starbucks is a Venti iced americano. Four shots.  An iced americano. Four shots. Sugar-free vanilla. A little bit of cinnamon powder. Cinnamon powder and then half an inch of cream. So this is actually only one point and it's really good. I've been switching over to pure sugar-free since I've been on my cut and I'm not missing any of the regular flavors at all. I am currently sitting at target. I just showed the lovely lady my code for my order so she's hopping in to grab that and I was thinking as I was driving here that my skin looks amazing since my facial and I think you're going to get me barefaced for this entire what I eat a day. I don't see the need to put on any makeup. I'm just going to enjoy the day bare face that my skin soaking all of the goodness from my facial and I'm not mad about it.   I didn't get a lot but there was a couple things I specifically wanted to come to target for so we'll do a haul when I get home. All right quick target haul so one of the main reasons that I went to target was actually for these. We love these little packs of Ups pretzels. They're so good. They come out at Halloween and they come out at Valentine's Day. They're little X's and O's. They're little individual packets. 50 calories. I love these as a pre-workout. I eat these on my way to the gym as I'm walking to the gym. I love pretzels and peanut butter. They're pre-portioned. It's so easy with these. I almost bought two boxes but I was afraid that they would expire before we could go through them. Let me show you. So here is the size of the bag. So literally it is the perfect little snack. So that was one of the main reasons that I wanted to go to target and then I also grabbed a couple little individual cottage cheese because these were on target circle and it just makes it easy. It's already pre-portioned out. I actually got three of those and then you know how much I love the favorite day whipped cream. This is the strawberry so I got this too because I put whipped cream on my protein shakes all the time. You also know my dogs love their whipped cream. I got Palmer's little chicken bones. He gets a half of one of these every single morning. I also got some truffru as a little sweet treat. These have nice clean ingredients. I also got some razors for Troy. They didn't have the cheap razors at fries and they have them at target so I grabbed the pack and some wax strips.  So my package is here, one that I've been the one I've been waiting for and that is my brand new air purifier. This is from the brand Marento and this isn't just your mama's air purifier. This thing is incredible. It has an app associated with us. It can be controlled by voice and it has indicator lights that tell you the quality of your air in your home. Green for good, yellow for caution and red for bad. That is what I wanted in an air purifier. I wanted to know exactly at all times what the air quality in my home was. It's going to go ahead and go right here in my bedroom next to this chair. This is actually the chair Troy sits on to get ready every day and there is the perfect spot right here for the air purifier. So this is the Marento smart air purifier. This is perfect for rooms up to 1076 square feet. It has wi-fi and Alexa capabilities, auto air quality display, auto mode, quiet mode, HEPA filter removes dust, pollen and smoke. They actually capture 99.97% of airborne particles including dust and pollen. You can actually use intelligent voice control. Go hands-free and use your voice to monitor and change the machine settings through your amazon Alexa or google assistant. It has a high efficiency filtration with two separate air filters. It purifies from both sides simultaneously which increases the purification speed.  You can pick them up right off of amazon along with this air purifier. So the filter replacements and the air purifier you can purchase right on amazon. I also love that it has a sleep mode. It will run at its lowest fan sleep at less than 24 decibels with the display lights off so that you can enjoy uninterrupted nights. Sleep with clean air. It has four separate fan speeds. We typically leave ours on three or four. We like the white noise of the fan even while we're sleeping but I do appreciate that it has a sleep mode. There's also a two five and eight hour timer so you can have it turn off when you're not at home or when you don't want the air purifier running. And like I mentioned one of my favorite features is it monitors your air quality in real time. It displays the information on the Havelworks app. If the air quality drops the screen will display yellow or red and the app will send you a notification. Green light indicates good air quality. Yellow light indicates moderate and the red light indicates bad. I also love that it comes with the capability of operating it through an app. So no matter where you are in your home you can adjust your Marento smart air purifier. It just connects to your wi-fi in your home and it's extremely easy to set up and use. So I'm really loving my air purifier. It's just a really smart thing to have in your home to know exactly what your air quality looks like because what we breathe in, dust, pollen, dander, pet hair can really have an impact on our overall health. So I really love this one from Marento. Super excited to have this. I may even move it from room to room from time to time just to kind of see what the air quality is. Also it will indicate if your air quality is bad if it's near your kitchen and your cooking and you're getting smoke and things in the air. It's just the coolest air purifier. So I will make sure that it is linked down below with a discount. Do you guys want a special bone? Palmer! He's a little slow. Oh there you are! Is it time for special bones? So we are currently doing the smart bones. Again I buy these on Amazon. I'll link them for you. By the way this treat container that we hauled from TJ Maxx is amazing. I really love it. Are you ready? Good sit buddy. There you go. Hi honey, you ready? Here you go. So here is my lunch for today. I'm having 100 grams of blackberries and then this is the ground turkey mushroom soup that I made in my meal prep on Monday. If you miss Monday's meal prep video I'll link it down below for you. It's so good you guys. It's even better the next day when it has when all the flavors have really melded together. This is going to be the perfect high protein healthy carb lunch. So I just got a package from Flavorgod. I love Flavorgod seasonings and they sent me some of their brand new pet toppers. Oh my gosh my dogs are going to be so excited for this. We'll definitely put some on their foods. See what they think. But there is a new peanut butter flavor topper and a chicken flavor topper and it looks like it's just kind of a powder form and you just sprinkle it on their dog food. So we're going to add this to their food and see what they think. And then I got some of my favorite seasonings. So I love the chocolate donut. Well these have zero calories. So there are zero points, zero calories. I don't even track them. Chocolate donut is amazing on Ninja Creamy ice cream and yogurt bowls. Love the lemon and garlic on chicken. Garlic lovers 10 out of 10. Really good again on any meat. And then the everything seasoning is kind of like a lauri seasoning. So anytime it calls for an all-purpose seasoning I really like to use the Flavorgod. And then buttery cinnamon roll if you know you know. This is incredible. This is so good on oatmeal, yogurt and Ninja Creamy. Really anything. And then I decided to try this spicy one. You know I'm not really big on spice. But sometimes I like just a little bit of heat. Not a lot. Just a little bit. So I picked that one up as well. So yeah I'm really excited for a restock on my favorite Flavorgod seasonings and then let's definitely test out these pet food toppers. So I'm going to get a little bowl of dog food for each of the dogs. We have chicken and peanut butter. We're going to see if they like these as a little addition to their meal. You guys want to try your toppers? We got special little toppers for you guys. Let's see if you like them. So I'm going to do just a tiny bit of food. I'll bring you guys down and show you. And then I have the chicken flavor. Mix that up a little bit. Okay and then peanut butter. I think I'm going to give Lola peanut butter and Palmer chicken. Palmer's a little bit pickier of a eater than Lola. So I think she'll like that. So Lola Palmer. All right Lola you want to try your food topper? Peanut butter. Oh Palmer hang on. Palmer look. Palmer just chicken for you. Do you like it? Say we like Flavorgod seasonings like our mama. They both seem to be really liking it. So if your dogs are picky eaters, especially when Lola was going through chemo, she hardly ate anything. This is awesome plus it's a nice little fun addition here and there to their food. So these are a huge hit. I will go ahead and link Flavorgod down below with the discount. So I have been working at my desk and I'm going to have an afternoon snack. It's still a couple hours before I have dinner. So I'm going to have one of the little good culture cottage cheese cups that we picked up from Target. This is actually three quarters of a cup. So it has 19 grams of protein. I've really been focusing my snacks on having all three macros. I want to make sure I have a protein, a fat, and a carb. So topping my cottage cheese, I'm going to do one tablespoon of chia smash. This is the strawberry superfood jam and all that is in here is strawberries, chia seeds, dates, and lemon. And it's like a jam slash sauce. It is amazing. Super clean ingredients, super healthy. So I'm going to put one tablespoon of that on top. That's going to give me fiber, fat, some carbs, and then I'm going to have two of my Alyssa's healthy oatmeal bites. You guys know I love these. I just buy these right off of Alyssa's website. I'll link her website. I'll also link the chia smash. I buy that off of Amazon in a six pack. You can also find it at healthfoodstore. So whatever your preference is, but I'll link everything down below for you. So here's my snack. I am on my third thing of water. Yay me. And there's my cottage cheese with one tablespoon of chia smash and my two Alyssa cookies. This couldn't be a better more protein packed healthy carb snack for dinner tonight. I am making orange chicken stir fry with asparagus. We're going to pair this with my leftover rice from my meal prep. Let me show you what you'll need for tonight's dinner recipe. First you're going to need chicken broth, minced garlic, fresh ginger. You can even use dried ginger. I have ginger paste, honey, cornstarch, salt and pepper, a pound of 97 or leaner ground chicken, asparagus, a yellow onion and a couple of oranges. The recipe also calls for mushrooms. I must have missed that and didn't pick them up from the store, but you can definitely add in some mushrooms. So the first thing I'm going to do is slice up my onion and my asparagus. So I went ahead and I'm warming up a skillet with some nonstick cooking spray. I'm going to add my pound of ground chicken and then I'm going to season it with some salt and pepper and we're going to allow it to brown. So my chicken is browned. I went ahead and removed it to a plate. To my same skillet I'm going to add my onion that I sliced up and my asparagus and we're going to allow these to sauté down for about five minutes. So while that's cooking in the same bowl my veggies were in, I went ahead and juice the two oranges. I'm going to add two tablespoons of cornstarch, two tablespoons of honey and about half of a cup of chicken broth and we're going to give that a stir and set it aside. I'm going to add in a couple of big heaping scoops of minced garlic and about a tablespoon of fresh ginger and we're going to allow those to cook along with our vegetables until fragrant. Then we're going to add back in our chicken and stir that all together, allow that to cook for about another minute and then lastly we're adding in our sauce. I'm just giving it one quick stir. Just make sure that cornstarch is all mixed and stir that in and we're going to allow it to simmer until that sauce is nice and thick. Look at how amazing this looks. It smells so good. I smell orange. I smell ginger. Oh my goodness I'm so excited for this. Let me go ahead and heat up some rice. I'll put together dinner and I'll be back to share points, calories and macros. So here's my dinner. I can't tell you how amazing this smells. I'm so excited for this. I did half of a cup of cooked jasmine rice and one serving of the orange chicken. So all of the information is here on the screen for you. It is the end of the night. I'm about to go get my pajamas on and Lola and I are watching the Gypsy Rose special documentary. It's actually really good. So for dessert, since I just got these today and they sound amazing, I'm going to do a serving of my true fruit. It's 150 calories. Like I said, really good ingredients. Dark chocolate, white chocolate, freeze-dried raspberries. Super, super good. Very satisfying. Satisfies that sweet dude, but in a healthy way. So I'm going to do one serving or a quarter cup of the true fruit. Thank you for joining me for today's What I Eat in a Day on WW. I hope you enjoyed coming along with me today, running our errands, having a facial. Tonight's dinner recipe amazing. It is on my recipe website. I will link the Marento air purifier down below. Flavor God, everything I shared with you in today's video. Don't forget to subscribe. Give it a thumbs up if you enjoyed it. And of course, down in the description box, I'll also put nutrition coaching. Links and discounts to my favorite things. And don't forget to come join our Facebook group. We'd love to have you. Thank you so much for watching and I'll see you next time. Bye!


I'm Amis the Basel Chapman as we do each and every Tuesday at 20 past the hour and don't forget folks Basel's an outstanding show here every trading day 10 to 11 Eastern Standard Time and of course He has this great newsletter the opening call now It's very easy to get the opening call folks come over to our website at TFN You're gonna go at the newsletters You'll see the opening call right on the left hand side you can get the opening call for one month for $149 you can get it for six months to 695 which is the savings of $199 Dollars or 22% you can get it for one year for $590 for $1195 Which is a savings of $593 or 33% now they all come with a 30-day money-back guarantee So come on over check it out if it works for you great If it doesn't work for some reason bottom line just you can get your money back 29th day Basel Chapman What's going on? Hi Tom. How are you? I'm doing great yourself. I'm good. I'm just looking out the window I'm seeing some clouds. I hope it doesn't rain in the next two hours because I want to be out there playing tennis I like it. I like it. What can I say? That's right? Right. So what is it? Is it in the 80s 90s? Where are we at? It's quite warm. Yeah, okay Actually, it's quite humid. That's the thing. Yeah, your first cold spell is gonna be coming in any day now though I can always it's all what happens up there folks it and it feels so great when it comes in But I mean we're getting there. It's the 22nd of August. They better be coming in So talking about coming in we've got the dollar coming in so from the high that was made In the middle of August at 34,281 when I look at the speed of the pullback The suddenness we've been talking about that for at least two weeks We've been saying just be careful. There could be a quite a sharp pullback and the dating chart What is really impressive is that the weekly chart has had a buy signal Institute it's not yet a buy mode which means that you should go to at least four higher peaks But we're at a potential peak B here and the technicals are still very strong Even on this pullback So I'm looking at the shorter term and one of the reasons why we've stayed in our core long position in the diamonds But we did add a couple of days ago We did add the short side of it and that will be for new subscribers. That'll be a new position But for all the subscribers that know that this is really a trade We just kind of ameliorate the any pullback in our long positions. It's slightly more weighted to the short side But that's the way we're looking at it and one of the things that's important is you were talking about the dollar Just a moment ago. Yes was always fascinating to me is How does the market know Yeah, we've looked at markets now for for decades and and it's just incredible how especially over the last year and a half to the last Especially the last six to eight months How many times we get almost an exact double top? I know Two pennies from the previous highs of the dollar, which we still long from 2018 actually That's the year 2018 At 90 level is that a at a hundred and eight point sixty one it hit a hundred nine point two nine on the 19th of July Pull back pretty sharp enough. I mean sharpie just in this chart pattern formation to a hundred and four sixty four on the 10th of August and then ran up very quickly and today what did they do it went to within two ticks of That high of the 19th of July, but what I am looking at The magazine is good The night period strongly over the 14th period moving average. The sarcastic is fabulous at 94 percent The relative strength is pretty good in the daily chart Excuse me. Let me just have something to drink him and the weekly chart. Oh, that tastes the good And the weekly chart has made this you shape pattern that we're always looking at and the monthly chart Only needs to go three ticks higher than today's high needs to go to a hundred nine point three oh, okay Extend the monthly leg C So that I mean that's just a perfect use of the Chapman wave in terms of looking at The material that we have with cup formations That's what I always spend a lot of time on my webinars talk a lot about the cup formations or the arch formations The timing from the left side to the right side how our objective is always to get to at least a peak D How we can use an alternate county to at least be prepared for some kind of a pullback So this is an important moment just in price for the dollar But really the strength on the technical side that it says even if it pulls back And it should at least try to bump into the 109s again So that's I just wanted to say you know in my work with the left side right side price time match Looking at the matching price. It's a little upside in price because the cup bottom is more to the right So it's kind of a lopsided cup that it has all all the same potential plus the Chapman wave inside wedge Target resistance line right here said that today should be the test of 109 29 and it was so those things are working So it's very interesting. We took a lot of money off the table and in the last week or two because We were looking at some kind of at least shorter term topping formation So now we're out of our SOX L that's three times long the semiconductors We're hoping actually to get back in on this pullback and maybe keep a core position of just the smh's and then treat Anything more than that as a trading position. So we built up some cash We're taking a little bit off now three times along the QQ Q Still long, but we took a bunch off with very very good profits But what's what's really fascinating to me is that if you if you're fortunate enough to have picked an area that is still in favor Then that the residual strength as we can see for instance CF industries I spoke to you about this a little while ago about this pattern the stalk leg formation in the Chapman wave in the daily chart This is a company hydrogen Nitrogen products a clean energy fertilizer emissions abatement kind of everything that is being spoken about now So we're long from the 75s it had a hundred and ten point ninety-five today But the same path that I'm looking at this cup formation said that the left side high of a hundred and thirteen point forty nine on April the 13th plummeting down to the 79 18 area on the 14th and then it turned up and we went along long soon after that Actually, no, we were long. Sorry. We're long at 95 So 95 and now it's trading at a hundred and nine fifteen This particular pattern with the oval pattern says if it breaks to the upside If it extends more than a one-to-one from the oval pattern of what I call the body Then there's a chance that it's actually taken on a one-to-one formation that can go quite a bit higher Well, the target is the 113 area today It's almost hit a hundred and eleven said it's getting very close But look at this nice given the pattern in the cup formation the symmetry How you can see you see this large arch how it used the 200 period? I've had webinars on the 200 period moving average Look how many times it hit it never really broken by much always closed above it and then boom it took off so these are patterns that we look at all the time and most importantly It seems to be in an area. That's that's Actually working right now and has continued in the last few days with the general markets being weak And you've got the cup formation in the weekly chart and if it breaks to above a hundred fifteen fifty nine That will be a leg D in the monthly chart. That'll be very positive So we've got a few of those we had another one as well in in this particular area and that was NFE which is in the natural gas area and that's also gone to a peak D made a beautiful cup formation you can see so that's what we're trying to do use use patterns to trade and Keep keep keep cash ready for big pullbacks and jump over to the website folks check out the opening call But I have a great one safe one look for a show tomorrow. Thank you Tom


This is stock number two zero T one one zero a we are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin You're new and used RAM and light-duty truck headquarters today. We are checking out this super clean 2015 Ram 1500 crew cab five foot seven inch short box Express this vehicle has the five point seven liter V8 Hemi motor it has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and Filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off this truck has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go bright white is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device Turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the vehicle quality and condition-wise before seeing it in Person and if you'd like to check out all the photos on this truck in the upper right ampere Your screen is a link right to our website click that and check us out there Comes with the 20-inch alloy rims with chrome covers goodyear wrangler sra. 275 60R 20 tires They have right around half to try left maybe just a tad bit less Front fender is in excellent shape didn't see any dents or dings on that the express package is going to give you the painted bumpers factory fog lights The painted front grille I didn't see any dents dings or cracks in that front bumper The hood is in really nice condition as well I didn't see any dents or dings on there and the passenger side front fenders in nice shape, too Passengers side rim no scuffs or scrapes and as you go down this side of the truck take note of how clean the body is How reflective and mirror like that paint is? We take these HD videos So if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down But you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle you can see the vehicle hear the vehicle and have confidence in what you are looking at Before you even get here. So then when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises And that's why we offer the summit auto fast-pass option in the upper right hand part of your screen a link right to our website Where you can apply for financing get pre-approved see a payment quote even appraise the trade off from the comfort of your own home So when you get here, all you got to do is drive the truck love it And you'll be all set to go frame and underbody very clean says the old Tager on it there Back rim is an excellent condition as well No scuffs or scrapes and the back tires have about 50% of the tread left just a little bit more tread than the front Tyres you can see that has the plastic wheel well liners which keeps your frame and underbody looking as clean as this one is Rear bumper is in really nice shape No dents or dings on that it does have the chrome tipped dual exhaust full towing package Which includes a receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring the tailgate is in really nice condition, too Didn't see any dents or dings and it has an access soft roll-up tonneau cover I didn't see any rips or tears on that and it's in really nice condition as well This one comes with a drop-in penduliner bed liner That's an excellent condition Tailgate shuts nice and solidly and it is a locking tailgate as well Down this side of the truck just as clean as that passenger side And for full disclosure this back rim no scuffs or scrapes on that nice shape Driver side doors all look really good No dents or dings on them and the express package comes with the heated power mirrors inside The express package gives you the gray cloth interior no rips or tears on these seats Pretty nice shape has the 40 20 40 split bench seating factory floor mats throughout Auto headlamps power windows power locks and power mirrors As we hop inside the vehicle here. 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Hello, and welcome back to this little mini-series on how and why to model developmental systems. I've tried to sort of convince you in the first lecture in this mini-series that you need dynamical models to get at a mechanistic explanation of any developmental process. So it's not enough to just take it apart using genetics and molecular approaches, but you need to put it together again using a model to truly understand it and to provide a causal mechanistic explanation of how it works. As promised, we'll continue by illustrating this sort of principle with two examples that I think show really nicely how modeling contributes to insights that you cannot get through genetics or molecular biology and also illustrate I'm coming from an evolutionary developmental biology background. Illustrate the second point of this lecture and that is that sort of the comparative analysis of developmental systems is extremely important if we want to distinguish between the accidental features of the system and the actual design principles come back to that a little later. So this first example here will be a vertebrate based on the vertebrate limb, its development and its evolution. So we're looking at the fin to limb transition because it's an absolutely beautiful system that's very well documented in terms of its developmental biology and also has a very good sort of fossil record in terms of evolution. For example, you have a lot of these intermediate forms like this fish, tiktalic, a fossil that was discovered by Neil Shubin and colleagues and is mainly famous as being the fish that can do push-ups. So what you see here is a sort of a sarcoph, the ridgian fish fin, a tetrapod limb and this beautiful fossil here has a fin with a wrist so you can push. So what's interesting about this transition is it's well documented. We understand a lot about the development of structures but there's still a lot of open mysteries and very important questions. For example, look at a phylogenetic tree of the vertebrates here and at the base, basically branching here you have the chondrichtius. Among them the elasmobranchs are the sharks, the rays and the skates and they have a fin structure that looks like this. Here are the proximal elements, distal sort of fins, fin rays and that's important. You have an anterior protopteridium, sort of a mesopteridium in the middle and the metapteridium in the posterior that you can distinguish. Now, if you compare that with the fin of a bony fish, the tiliost fish, it's completely different. Particularly, these distal elements of the bony fish fin are very different bones from what you usually see in a limb. They're derived from dermal tissue, they're completely weird, so probably derived and they are attached to the shoulder in sort of a part that looks like this, the protopteridium, sort of the anterior of the shark fin. In contrast, if you go all the way up here to the tetrapods, you have a very different structure. You have a stylo podium, femur, humerus, the proximal part of the limb, sugo podium, ulna radius and then the autopodium, for example, your hand, your metacarpals, the digit bones, the phalanges, et cetera, out here. And the sort of conventional wisdom is that these proximal parts are sort of conserved. You can look at the way that the sugo podium is attached to the stylo podium and you can reconstruct that it must correspond to the metapteridium of the shark fin while the autopodium, the hands and feet of tetrapods are widely believed to be an evolutionary innovation that has no equivalent in the shark fin. So let's sort of examine that problem in light of the development of the vertebrate limb. And that brings us right back to the French flag model.  Just within the tetrapods, you have this absolutely amazing diversity of a human hand.  The coloring scheme here shows the homology relationships of the different bones and it's not difficult to reconstruct that. So to understand this sort of variety, we need to understand the theme on which the whole diversity is based. And that theme, of course, is the developmental process that creates the vertebrate limb. And that brings us back, as I promised before, to the French flag model, which is a classic sort of model for limb development. And it says that the different digits of a vertebrate, a tetrapod limb are patterned by a gradient of sonic hedgehog morphogen that emanates from the zone of polarizing activity here at the posterior of the limb bud and forms this gradient across the limb bud, which is interpreted by the cells, which then turn on different differentiation genes that lead to different digit identities. But this is hotly debated. There's an alternative view that was proposed by Alan Turing, which is a much more self-organizing way of producing stripes. That was for a long time seen as some sort of competitor view to this French flag model. And a lot of sort of experiments and whole research programs are designed to distinguish between those two different alternatives. So let me explain a bit more what Alan Turing's model is about. We'll go into a little digression away from limb buds. And we go straight back to 1952, when Turing, who was the father of modern computers, he was working on computing theory and information theory and all kinds of branches of mathematics. And so this is his only paper in the field of morphogenesis and it completely turned the field upside down when it was published. It was revolutionary. So what Turing did is he took a simple system of two diffusing substances, which he called morphogens, that interact in certain ways. And he showed for the first time that these morphogens could form patterns. Can you see the only figure from his paper here?  But the revolutionary insight was that diffusion could act as a mechanism for creating inhomogeneous pattern. Before Turing's paper, everybody thought diffusion was the thing that made us able to breathe in a room. Like, I'm in this room and there are air molecules everywhere because of diffusion. They're not all bunched up in the corner up there. So diffusion was seen as a sort of a homogenizing influence. And Turing here turns this upside down and shows that two diffusing chemicals can generate pattern in homogeneous pattern from the perturbation of a homogeneous initial state. So you get diffusion-driven symmetry breaking or diffusion-driven instability in mathematical terms, which was a completely revolutionary insights both for physicists and for biologists at the time. His paper is a beautiful illustration of what good modeling looks like, okay? So it's called, it's sort of, here's the citation record of it over time. And this type of paper is called a Sleeping Beauty Paper because you see it's published in 1952 and then up to 1970, almost 20 years later, it gathers almost no citations. I think it has about 17 citations by then. And then modeling, theoretical biology comes up in the 70s, modeling, and then systems biology here, and look, it takes off and by now has hundreds of citations. So this, I want to point out, is exactly what good theory should look like, okay? It's well ahead of its time and it does something revolutionary that's not recognized until much, much later when the experimentalists have called up. Now, this is also a career killer in today's idiotic system that's based on short-term productivity and gain, okay?  I'll come back to the experimental side again here. So in the 1970s, we saw this in Turing's sort of citation graph. It starts taking off and in particular, what's happening is that Hans Meinhardt and his collaborator, Geer are proposing this specific instance of a Turing system without knowing about Turing, by the way, at the time, so they reinvented the wheel, basically without knowing it. And it's a classic Turing system nowadays. It's much more realistic in terms of the biological sort of application. So it consists of two morphogens. Again, one is an activator that activates itself, but also an inhibitor which represses its own activation. So this seems paradoxical, but what you need to know is that the activator is diffusing much less rapidly than the inhibitor. And what you get is you start from a homogeneous pattern. Homogeneous, here's a tissue, one end, the other end, and the concentration is homogeneous. And there's a little fluctuation. You can see this here in the production of the activator and the different cells in the tissue. So what's happening is that in some region of this tissue, there will be suddenly a bit more activator than in others. And so it activates itself and so it creates more and more of itself, but it also activates the inhibitor, okay? But since there's a lot of auto-activation already here, the inhibitor is not able to overcome it while since the inhibitor diffuses more rapidly than the activator out here in this end of the tissue, it outcompetes the activator and you get this beautiful gradient-like on-off pattern across the tissue, activator on, activator off here. If you tune the diffusion rates, you can get more fine-grained patterns. So here is either a larger tissue or a more closely spaced tissue and it will form stripes of coinciding stripes of activator and inhibitor. So here the pattern is generated. Again, that's very important through the difference in the fusion rates between activator, slow and inhibitor fast. So it doesn't depend so much on the precise interaction scheme of those two factors, but on the different diffusion rates. And those diffusion rates that give you a pattern like that, that's called the Turing space. We'll come back to that. So these models can give you just like any other model, they can give you all kinds of different patterns. So here's a beautiful illustration from a review by Kondo and Muren in 2010. So most of the time, just like any other model, I have to repeat that again. It doesn't give you anything. Homogeneous pattern stays homogeneous. Nothing happens. Sometimes it just oscillates across the whole tissue or then it forms these very sort of short range patterns. And sometimes these oscillate. So this looks like white noise and then this looks like white noise on your TV. Salt and pepper, not very interesting, but these two last cases are interesting. So you can get case number five, you can get oscillatory waves to travel, for example, here like in a dikterstilium slime mold colony when they aggregate or the famous Bellus of Jabotinsky reaction that forms these rolling spirals and waves in a dish. Beautiful experiments. You should Google that and look it up. But the most interesting case for biology are these stationary waves with finite wavelengths. Case number six here, they can form all kinds of stripes and spots.  This is demonstrated by a fun little paper by two Polish authors who wrote the alphabet in Turing systems. Okay, this is not just a joke because for example, you can, if you look at butterfly wing patterns, you can find the entire alphabet and all the numbers of those wings. Just look closely at that. And people do use Turing systems to explain pattern formation on butterfly wings. Beautiful book here by Hans Meinhardt in the fourth edition, the algorithmic beauty of seashells. So he took seas snails mainly in clams and simulated the amazing patterns that you see on their coast, which are not adaptive because these animals are actually buried in the sand but they arise from the particular growth mechanisms and growth patterns of these shells. So this is absolutely gorgeous, gorgeous work. Or animal coat patterns, of course. Here you have some sort of a giraffe. I love the work of Sarah the Ramer. If you visit her website, she has all kinds of weird animals that she creates, impossible animals, beautifully bizarre creations. So this was one of the first applications of the Turing system here by Jim Murray. In 1981, a model that simulated a Turing system on a sort of a realistic coat pattern of an animal, although it looks more like a safari trophy. To me, very abstract one. And again, if you tune the shape of the domain influences the pattern, but if you tune the diffusion coefficients you get from these simple sort of on-off patterns, the very intricate spots and stripes. This is not just theoretical here. There's a mother tapir with her baby and you can see the tapirs are basically walking and growing Turing systems. The baby has this very fine grained pattern of stripes and dots in the mother, just this very large scale, black and white pattern that you can simulate using a Turing system. So Murray looked at that as well. So he simulated his system on growing domains. So you can either change the diffusion coefficients of the size of the domain and the shape of the domain in which you form the pattern. And a paper that I really love here from 2017, very recent. What they did here is they took different lizards and they scammed them using a geographical information system. So they created a realistic three-dimensional lizard pattern and they simulated Turing systems on those patterns and showed that the body shape of those animals is greatly influencing whether they will exhibit spots or stripes, so the size and the shape, the growth patterns of these animals determine the code patterns, beautiful work. So, but Turing, during his lifetime still, he wasn't very impressed with this. He said, probably, we're not quite sure, but it would be nice if he would have said it. He said, talking about a zebra, he said, well, the stripes are easy to do. But what about the horse part? The really interesting stuff is the horse part, which brings us nicely back to our initial sort of motivation and that is to study patterning in a vertebrate limb. So I'm gonna present some work that came out of Jane Sharpe's lab in Barcelona. This is a beautiful paper, 2014, by Yelena Raspupovich and also the channel Mark Ham where they, so what they did is they took the vertebrate limb butt in a mouse and reconstructed, not only its growth pattern, very, very meticulously, but also projected the sort of expression patterns of different genes onto that growth pattern. The result can be seen here. So these are different mouse limb butts of different embryonic stages from E 10 and a half to E 12 and a half. And you can see there is a sort of a changing pattern of expression of this transcription factor, SOX-9, that comes to resemble a pre-pattern for the digits at the end of this process here. So you have a stripe of SOX-9 for each digit that is going to form later in development. So what they did is they took this very, very realistic growth map of the limb butt that they had and simulated a Turing system on that shape. And what they got was stripes, but you don't want to have fingers like that, right? So they're crooked, they're sort of bifurcating, they don't look like fingers at all. So this is a problem. So obviously, so this is one of modeling strategy. You put in sort of a minimal system and you see if it works. If it doesn't work, you add additional factors, right? So there's a second, so there's an additional factor here. They took a HOX gene, HOX-D13, which was observed to be co-expressed exactly in that domain that forms the digits in the actual mouse length. So you can see the expression patterns here of HOX-D13 and the simulation that includes them is already much more similar to what you see here in the actual embryo. But still you have bifurcated limbs, they're crooked. You need straight stripes and no bifurcations. Another factor that's expressed in this limb of the mouse is the morphogen FGF. And it forms a gradient emanating from the apical ectodermal ridge here inward towards the proximal parts of the limb. And so if you include this in the model, but not HOX, then you get straighter, less crooked stripes, but too many and also splayed like this so that they are not straight in the sense that they don't point in the right direction. So what you need to do is you need to have this sort of core system including SOX-9, wind and BMP and you need to have both HOX-D13 and FGF signaling involved and then you get a beautiful pattern that closely resembles the expression pattern of SOX-9 here. Now the interesting thing is you can analyze this model and you can show that the way that HOX-D13 and FGF influence this is by modulating the parameters. So the strength of the repression of wind and BMP by SOX-9, these different parameters, K7 and K4, if you tune their strength through the action of HOX-D13 and FGF, what happens is the following. If you analyze the system, remember that I said you only get Turing patterns with certain parameters and you can show that as you go from the proximal limb here, more distally, you enter this sort of Turing pattern in space here. This is what it's called and this is the explanation of why you get a Turing pattern only in the distal part of the limb. Okay, so the model doesn't only give you a realistic pattern, it also gives you hypotheses on how these sort of factors need to interact over space and time and how these interactions need to be modulated precisely to get the pattern you want. Okay, and this is impossible to get by just decomposing the system using genetics and molecular biology. So now we have an interesting sort of hypotheses here what's especially interesting is this role of FGF because, oh, before I explain that, let's look at a movie of this model because it's beautiful. What you see here is the limb is sort of growing, the red domain is HOX and the green is FGF and the white is the SOX9 pattern that emanates in the distal part of the emerges in the distal part of the limb. So this whole, the role that FGF plays here reignited this whole discussion about whether the limb is a French flag or a Turing patterning system. And it turns out it's both. Okay, so these are not alternative views of explaining patterning in the limb but they're complementary. Only with modeling can you resolve this issue. Okay, you cannot just do experiment. And so what the model shows is that what FGF is basically doing is it's tuning the parameters to adjust the spacing of the different stripes which is what you need to get this sort of straight sort of pattern here because otherwise remember the stripes are crooked and bifurcating as to the main group. So basically FGF forms a gradient just like a French flag and it is tuning the wavelength of these different stripes which leads to the stripy pattern. So what you have here is a French flag type of system interacting, complementing with a Turing auto regulatory self-organizing system to create these beautiful robust and regular stripes that the formula is. Okay, so we know this about the mouse. This is a great step forward. It gives us a new view. It reconciles to apparently contradictory views but what about evolution? So let's look back. I said there's a beautiful fossil record. You can see the mouse limb here on the right.  And what is indicated here in red is our sort of the distal elements of these different structures. And from looking at it, you can say nothing, right?  They're not the same in shape, number. You don't know anything. You don't know whether these distal elements in a shark fin correspond to the autopop in the mouse or whether this autopop, the hand, is really a true evolutionary innovation. And this problem was resolved by beautiful work by Ko and Imaro in Jane Sharpe's lab. And what Ko did is he's a very patient man. He studied the embryonic development of dogfish. Their eggs are beautiful. Mermaids pouches, they're called, they're translucent, beautiful structures. But they take an awful lot of time to develop a month to go through these different stages. So Ko mapped the clonal analysis to map the shape changes in these shark fin limb butts and also mapped the expression pattern, for example, shown here for Sox9 onto this butt. So you have an early distal proximal pattern here. And then later on, you get this distal sort of pattern that resolves into this row of dots here, but not quite at the distal end of the fin but somewhat removed from it. So Ko then went on in collaboration with Lugano Marcon and applied the mouse model to this different shape of dogfish limb butt and also mapped to different expression patterns of the elements of the model. So here's a Hawks gene, Hawks A this time, Hawks A13. And it's different than in mouse. You can see the Hawks gene is expressed in a domain that excludes the expression, Sox9. In the mouse limb, they were coinciding. And also they had some difficulties reconstructing the pattern of FGF. You cannot stay in FGF directly. So what they did is they simulated a gradient pattern based on the expression of a known target of the FGF morphogen called dusk six. And what they did is they took these data and they modeled the same Turing system as in the mouse on the dogfish sort of shape and expression patterns in the limb. And you can see the model forms this beautiful, realistic series of dots, okay? But there are some way away from the edge of the limb.  So you enter Turing space exactly where those dots are farming, but then you're pushed out of it on the other end. So the model produces other gene expression patterns as well, BMP and wind with these very sort of close, closely spaced dots. And what's even better, you can make predictions with the model, okay? So you can say, if you have more or less signal, this sort of space where the pattern occurs should be shifted, okay? So the model predicts that if you have a strong signal, the pattern should be further away from the distal tip of the fin bud than if you have a lower FGF signal. And you can apply a pharmacological inhibitor of FGF to the limb bud and experimentally show that the distance of this dotted pattern diminishes from the distal end of the fin. So this is absolutely fantastic work in a non-model organism, a model of this developmental process that you can compare to the mouse. There's some experimental confirmation, beautiful. So what does it tell us? It tells us that these two different distal shapes represented here by the pre-pattern of socks line in dogfish and in mouse. Nothing in common, right? Are they homologous? We don't know. Well, the model seems to indicate that they're generated by exactly the same Turing system in a different genetic and geometrical tissue context, okay? And so the model, the same model gives you very realistic sort of reproductions of what you see in the actual embryo. And you can explain how the two, the same sort of theme varies in both of both animals. So in this case, you have a model that sort of goes through Turing space in a very localized area forming this very narrowly defined row of dots while here FGF is modulating the system in a different way to modulate the wavelength and you get this blade digit pattern. Okay, so these two structures very strongly suggesting are homologous to each other because they're based on exactly the same growth process. Okay, so this is an amazing sort of insight that resolves a 50 year old debate in the evolution of development. But of course, Turing patterns not only occur in limbs, they occur very important for left, right to symmetry in vertebrate bodies and they form feather patterns in birds. Our hair follicles are formed by a Turing type systems, the branching patterns of our lungs and also rugae, which are the structures when you put your tongue on the top, the roof of your palate. You have little, there's a little rugged sort of structure and these are the rugae and in mice there's a beautiful Turing system model that shows that these rugae are formed by a self-organizing pattern generator like this. Okay, to summarize this example, Turing systems generate patterns, spots and stripes through the differential diffusion of two interacting morphogens, very important. The stripes are easy, what about the horse part? Vertebrate limb development involves both Turing and French black kind of pattern, beautiful model by James Sharp. The same Turing pattern generator positions distal limb elements and sharks and tetrapods, therefore these distal elements are probably homologous. Our hands and feet are not evolutionary innovations, they're just very derived structures that are built on elements that are already present in shark fins and the model on covers that seemingly dissimilar patterning processes are variations on the same theme. So if we truly want to understand how evolution shapes the developmental processes that in turn shape our bodies, modeling in this data-driven kind of way will be absolutely essential. Next time we'll finally talk about flies again. I'm sure you couldn't wait. If you have questions, contact me. Thanks for listening and I hope you tune in again next time. Bye now.