quality do those things bother you well sure I had my doubts just like you but well see for yourself cherry right clear cut eight years ago looks good Joe's my neighbor good friend though you might have thought we were having an argument there you see he's got a wood lot too with lots of nice hardwoods but he's not sure he wants to cut him says he's worried about the forest looking ugly and about the effect of logging on the land the water and wildlife Joe knows I had some of the same concerns before I looked into the matter and learned why you sometimes need to clear cut he wanted to see what I'm doing and I arranged for us to visit other places to show him different ways of harvesting timber and how to make sure he gets what he wants in his next stand of trees Joe and I had a special tour of the Monongahila National Forest and the ranger explained that some of our most valuable hardwoods were in part the result of clear cutting the Americans needed the wood and the clear cutting along with wildfires and storms and later the chestnut blight cleared large sections of forest and made possible the growth of fine stands of hardwood you see hardwoods are renewable but many of the most valuable species are intolerant of shade they won't develop in the shade of other trees to assure a future supply of black cherry walnut oak yellow poplar and other valuable hardwoods in the absence of fire or other natural means of opening up the forest we may need to clear cut Joe and I were shown an area on the Monongahila that was clear cut in 1968 or 69 when there was public concern about the impact of the cutting on wildlife and water quality and whether the forest would grow back we were shown other areas to one recently clear cut one of the major criticisms of clear cutting is that it spoils the looks of the land but the effect is temporary like that of a corn field after harvesting or a home under construction and it's minimized by making small clear cuts with irregular shapes the forest grows back quickly two years after clear cutting there's lots of trees fighting for the sun including some valuable hardwoods intolerant of shade at five years some of them are 10 feet high by 10 they're developing into sturdy saplings at 15 they stand 35 to 40 feet high and 20 years after clear cutting they measure four to five inches in diameter at breast height with some dominant trees another thing folks say about clear cutting is that it destroys the nests and feeding grounds of animals and birds but wildlife is still there making use of the forest as it changes stump sprouts and twigs and leaves from newly fell trees provide food for deer and other browsing animals and small openings add to the forest edge providing cover near the food during the first 10 years of regrowth the young forest has lots to offer and most animals and birds take advantage of it as saplings develop into pole stands there's more shelter but not as much food but when the woodlot is 40 years old seeds are abundant cavities begin to develop the understory thrives and so does the wildlife something else that Joe's concerned about lots of other folks too guess what clear cutting might do to forest soils and water erosion can occur in any type of timber harvesting it becomes a problem only if eroded soil material gets into streams but foresters who study erosion say that the major source of trouble is not the cutting of trees but poorly planned logging roads and log landings and the amount of damage depends not so much on the volume of timber removed as on when and how it's done working after rain or winter thaw is especially harmful but care in constructing and using haul and skid roads really pays off there's less soil disturbance and less mud in the creeks and wildlife can benefit from logging roads that are seeded and fertilized after use in the central and southern Appalachians the loss of nitrates and other soil nutrients following clear cutting is usually not significant and usually disappears in two to three years there is a rise in water temperature in clear cut areas an increase of about eight degrees in summer but it quickly drops back down as the stream enters the woods the increase is just about eliminated by leaving buffer strips 80 to 100 feet wide along streams in any case the rise in temperature is usually gone after five years growth plants and organisms in streams can be affected by these changes in temperature and siltation and in turn affect fish but most of the impact short-lived and can be minimized by building roads carefully and providing buffer zones along streams since our trip to the Manangahila National Forest Joe's got a different notion about clear cutting he knows now that it's not just a logging method but that it's one of the ways of renewing and improving a wood lot and he realizes that he can harvest the kind of timber he wants without also bringing in a lot of troubles the starting point is to remember that trees take up all the growing space available and just as wind and fire and other natural forces open up a forest to intolerant hard woods so you and I can create the growing space for our next generation of trees first thing we need to do is make sure that the kinds of trees we want will grow in our wood lot such things as soil composition moisture temperature and access to sunlight determine what grows on a site and how well it develops getting a tree to grow off-site requires more planning and effort than growing it in its natural environment but may be possible and worth the extra work in the Appalachians unless you want to change the composition of a stand you don't need to do any planting there are enough sources of regeneration right there on the forest floor to do the job in fact there are so many seeds that it's seldom necessary to wait for a heavy seed crop before cutting they're spread around by gravity and wind water and animals some of them remain dormant for years on the forest floor and still produce a tree some seeds last over winter and some have no dormant capacity stump sprouts are another source of natural regeneration seedling sprouts from stumps under two inches in diameter are more likely to be healthy than those from large stumps and if a stump rocks a sprout that starts at the ground or near it will usually be healthy some trees need a head start to be able to compete with others that grow faster most Appalachian hardwoods need this advanced reproduction as the foresters call it black cherry white ash basswood and these red and white oaks most folks around here harvest their timber by high grading removing all the trees over a certain diameter limit they cut down all the best trees without thinking about what will take their place those that are left poorly formed less desirable trees dominate the overstory while shade tolerant trees develop in the understory there are several harvesting methods you can use to get the next generation of trees to be what you're looking for there's a partial cut which leaves a lightly thin canopy and makes the least disturbance of the area but over time a partial cut changes the makeup of the stand and intolerant hardwoods give way to one or two species that germinate and grow under the shade of other trees another regeneration method is shelter wood which leaves some dominant trees as a partial canopy for five to ten years while undesirable trees are removed and those that are desired get a head start then the canopy is removed letting the seedlings and sprouts develop into an even aged stand then of course there's clear-cutting which removes the entire canopy allowing the growth of intolerant trees in an even aged stand this is a cherry maple stand with valuable Appalachian hardwoods and there's no shortage of seeds birds scatter black cherry seeds over a limited area and over a larger one the wind distribute seeds of white ash basswood red maple and sweet birch these trees need that head start and seedlings and sprouts almost always around need to be at least six inches high preferably two feet if that advanced growth is there clear-cut the salable trees leaving a few good tolerant saplings and cut or kill the others over two inches diameter at breast height if there's not enough advanced growth use shelter wood cutting starting five to ten years before your final harvest this is an oak hickory stand oaks are the most difficult Appalachian hardwoods to reproduce black walnut and hickory produce seeds every two or three years while oaks produce acorns at two to ten year intervals the seeds are heavy and stay where they fall unless animals carry them off of all hardwoods oaks are the most dependent on advanced reproduction seedlings and sprouts develop in the understory but grow slowly even in full sunlight on higher quality sites they need to be about four and a half feet high to compete with other trees when the canopy is removed how you remove the canopy depends on the quality of the site on which the stand is growing on lower quality sites where oaks grow to less than 60 feet in 50 years you should clear cut on higher quality sites where oaks grow 70 feet or more in 50 years you should use a shelter wood cut and remove the competing understory in late spring if you have a good seed crop let the acorns mature and make the initial shelter wood cuts in the winter once the oak seedlings have grown to about four and a half feet remove the remaining overstory this is a stand of mixed Appalachian hardwoods there's usually plenty of seeds here and advanced reproduction so you'll get lots of new trees but not necessarily what you want intolerant ones will start but won't develop unless the overstory is removed so if you are looking for intolerant trees with some tolerant ones mixed in clear cut using small openings of at least a half acre if you want tolerant species only use some partial cuttings such as single tree selection whatever regeneration method you use you may have to deal with certain problems if you have grapevines you need to control them before they take over the canopy of the new stand about eight to ten years after clear cutting ferns and other undesirable growth in the understory might striped maple or beach should be cut out or herbicide it so the seedlings and sprouts you want will have growing space if you have lots of deer they'll eat the young growth and you'll have to use shelter wood or clear cutting you can leave brush and treetops making it difficult for deer to get two seedlings and sprouts and increase the number and size of openings so they'll have more food than they need planning and managing harvests and regeneration can get tricky and it's a good idea to get help from the professionals state industrial and consulting foresters take a look at this stand back here Joe knows what he wants to do now with his wood lot he knows if he uses a partial cut the stand will gradually be taken over by trees that like the shade if he wants intolerant trees he needs to use shelter wood or clear cutting if he does clear cut he can minimize undesirable effects by using small openings with irregular edges that blend into the woods buffer strips along stream and well-planned roads and log landing Joe is pretty excited too about harvesting timber protecting the environment and making sure that in the future he has the kind of trees he wants on his wood lot books with more information about programs in this series are available from your extension agent


Hello and welcome to this presentation on the Advanced Control, General Purpose and Basic Timers Embedded in STM32-H7 Microcontrollers. It covers their main features, which are useful for handling any timing-related events, generating waveforms, and measuring the timing characteristics of input signals. The STM32 embeds multiple timers, providing timing resources for software or hardware tasks. The software tasks mainly consist of providing time bases, time-out event generation, and time triggers. The hardware tasks are related to IOs. The timers can generate waveforms on their outputs, measure incoming signal parameters, and react to external events on their inputs. The STM32 timers are very versatile and provide multiple operating modes to offload the CPU from repetitive and time-critical tasks while minimizing interfacing circuitry needs. All STM32 timers, with the sole exception of the low-power timer, are based on the same scalable architecture. Once the timer operating principles are known, they are valid for any of the timers. This architecture includes interconnection features and allows several timers to be combined into larger configurations, and allows several timers to be combined into larger configurations. Lastly, some of the timers feature specific functions for electrical motor control and digital power conversion, such as lighting or digital switch mode power supplies. Here are the key features of the STM32 timers. All timers are based on the same architecture and are available in several derivatives listed later in this presentation. The timers mainly differ in the number of inputs and outputs they have, from a pure time base without any IOs to an advanced control version with 9 IOs. Most of the timers feature 16-bit counters, while some have 32-bit counters. Some features may not be present on the smallest timer derivatives. For example, DMA, synchronization, and up-down counting modes. Most of the timers can be linked and synchronized to build larger time base timers, have a higher number of synchronous waveforms, or handle complex timings and waveforms. Within a timer, each and every channel can be configured independently as an input, typically for capture, or as an output, typically for a PWM. The timers can serve as a trigger for other peripherals, for instance, to start ADC conversions or to monitor the internal clocks, thanks to the interconnect matrix. This slide presents the block diagram of the TIM16 timer. The timer kernel consists of a 16-bit up-counter coupled with an auto-reload register to program the counting period. The timer channel is controlled by a capture compare register. The counter is fed by the APB bus clock. Shown on the left are the input stage and the input conditioning circuitry, while on the right we have the output stage. Note that TIMxCH1 appears on both sides to indicate it is both input and output capable. The timer features multiple clocking options. The clock and trigger controller, also responsible for timer chaining, handles the clock for the counter. The default clock comes from the reset and clock controller, linked to one of the APB clock domains. The various timers are shared on the two APB domains to implement low-power schemes, typically one high-speed APB and one low-speed APB to limit the current drawn by the peripherals, including the timers. External timer clocking allows counting of external events or to have a counting period externally adjusted. The clock source can be provided by other on-chip timers using one of the four internal trigger inputs, ITR1 through ITR4. Input pins 1 and 2 can also serve as external clocks, with the option of including digital filters to remove spurious events. The external trigger input, or ETR, can be configured as an external clock, with a digital filter, programmable edge sensitivity, and a first basic prescaler stage to reduce the frequency of incoming signals if needed. Lastly, the quadrature signals from an encoder can be processed to provide a clock and a counting direction, as described later in this presentation. This slide explains how to adjust the timer counting period. Each timer embeds a linear clock prescaler, which allows you to divide the clock by any integer between 1 and 65536. This allows the counting pace to be precisely adjusted. For instance, a division by 64 will yield a precise 1 MHz counting rate when the APB clock is 64 MHz. The auto-reload register defines the counting period. In down-counting mode, the counter is automatically reloaded with the period value when it underflows. In up-counting mode, the counter rolls over and is reset when it exceeds the auto-reload value. An update event is issued when the counter underflows or overflows and a new period starts. It triggers an interrupt or DMA request that is used for adjusting timing parameters synchronously with its period, which is useful for real-time control. This update event triggers the transfer from preload to active registers for multiple parameters, and in particular for the clock prescaler, auto-reload value, compare registers and PWM mode. An 8-bit programmable repetition counter allows you to decouple the interrupt issuing rate from the counting period and have, for instance, one interrupt every single, second, third, and up to 256th PWM period. This is particularly useful when dealing with high PWM frequencies. Some of the STM32 timers feature up-down counting modes. The advanced control timer one and the general purpose timer two. The counting direction can be programmed by software or automatically managed by the timer in center-aligned PWM mode. In this mode, the counting direction changes automatically on counter overflow and underflow. For a given PWM switching frequency, this mode reduces the acoustic noise by doubling the effective current ripple frequency, thus providing the optimum trade-off between the power stages switching losses and noise. The counting direction can also be automatically handled when the timer is in encoder mode. Quadrature encoders are typically used for high-accuracy rotor position sensing in electrical motors or for digital potentiometers. From the two outputs of a quadrature encoder sensor, also called an incremental encoder, the timer extracts a clock on each and every active edge and adjusts the counting direction depending on the relative phase shift between the two incoming signals. The timer counter thus directly holds the angular position of the motor or the potentiometer. The simplest use case for a timer is to provide an internal time base. This is commonly used by software routines either to provide periodic interrupts or single-shot timeout protection. The timer can also provide periodic triggers to other on-chip peripherals, such as the ADC, DAC, and other timers. The update event from the timer, typically on counter overflow, is the usual means to have a software time base interrupt or to trigger a periodic event. It is also possible to generate internal timings using any other timer, using compare events or using the trigger outputs on any other timer. It is possible to generate multiple timing events with a single timer using multiple compare channels. This slide describes the input capture features. Each channel can be individually configured as input capture with a number of signal conditioning options. An input can be mapped on two capture channels, typically to differentiate rising edge from falling edge capture. The edge sensitivity is programmable and can be rising edge, falling edge, or both edges. An event prescaler allows capture of one event every two, four, or eight events. This decreases the CPU burden when processing high-frequency signals and allows the measurement to be more accurate, since it is performed over multiple input signal periods. Spurious transition events due to noise or bounces can be removed using a programmable digital filter. The figure shows how a signal is filtered when the filter acceptance is set to four. In the upper case, a clean rising edge capture is triggered for sampling periods after the rising edge, as one can notice looking at the internal counter value. In the lower case, a glitch causes the filter counter to be reset and the capture to happen after four successive samples at high level have been counted. Once the capture trigger is issued, the timer's counter is transferred into the capture register and an interrupt or DMA request can be issued. If a new capture occurs before the previous one has been read, the capture register is overwritten and an overcapture flag is set for the software to manage this condition if needed. This slide presents some of the more advanced capture-related functions. The clear on capture mode causes a counter reset immediately after the capture has been triggered. This allows a direct measurement of the period, while a traditional free-running counter would require additional computation to obtain the period following the trigger. In PWM input mode, the timer is able to capture both the period and the duty cycle of an incoming PWM signal. The input signal is internally routed to two capture channels. The signal's rising edge is captured on input capture two to provide the period value with the clear on capture mode. The falling edge is captured by the capture one channel, which provides the pulse length duration. The duty cycle then simply corresponds to the ratio between input capture one and input capture two. Lastly, the timer includes an XOR function to combine the three input channels with XOR logic. This is typically used to handle the three 120-degree phase shifted signals coming from the hall sensors in electrical motors. This allows you to have a clear on capture happening on each and every edge of the three signals and have a capture value directly usable for speed regulation. This slide presents the output compare features. A compare event is generated when the counter matches the value of the compare register. This event can trigger an interrupt or a DMA request and can be reflected on the corresponding output pin by an output set, output reset or output toggle. The compare register can be preloaded. The preload must be disabled if multiple compare values must be written during a counting period. On the contrary, the use of preload mode must be preferred for applications with real-time constraints. Since this gives a higher time margin for the software to update the compare register with the next value, the transfer from the preload to the active value is triggered by an update event when the counter overflows or underflows. The output compare mode can also be preloaded so as to allow glitchless transition from a PWM mode to a forced on or off state, for instance. One pulse mode is used to generate a pulse of a programmable length in response to an external event. The pulse can start as soon as the input trigger arrives or after a programmable delay. The compare one register or CCR1 value defines the pulse start time, while the auto reload register or ARR value defines the end of pulse. The effective pulse width is then defined as the difference between the ARR and CRR1 register values. The waveform can be programmed to have a single pulse generated by the trigger or to have a continuous pulse train started by a single trigger. One pulse mode also offers a re-triggerable option. In this case, a new trigger arriving before the end of the pulse will cause the counter to be reset and the pulse width to be extended accordingly. This slide presents some of the PWM modules. The standard edge aligned PWM mode is programmed with the auto reload register defining the period and the compare register defining the duty cycle, the counter being in up only or down only counting mode. A single timer can generate up to four PWM signals with independent duty cycles and identical frequency. When multiple PWM waveforms are generated by the same timer, all falling edges occur at the same time, hence the term edge aligned. On the contrary, the rising and falling edges of center aligned PWMs are not synchronized with the counter rollover so that switching time varies with the duty cycle value. This is achieved by programming the counter in up-down mode. This mode is interesting as it spreads the switching noise when multiple PWMs are generated with the same timer. This is a key feature for three phase PWM generation for electric motor drives since it allows you to double the frequency of the current ripple for a given switching frequency. For instance, a 10 kilohertz PWM will generate inaudible 20 kilohertz current ripple. This minimizes the switching losses due to the PWM frequency while guaranteeing silent PWM operation. A variant of the center aligned mode is the asymmetric PWM mode where two compare registers define the turning on and off of the PWM signal. This provides higher resolution for pulse width setting since turn on and turn off times are individually defined. It also allows the generation of phase shifted PWM signals necessary to drive DC to DC converters based on the full bridge phase shifted topology. In this case, the timer provides two PWM signals with identical frequency, 50% duty cycle and a phase shift varying from zero to 180 degrees. This slide presents the combined PWM modes. This mode allows a logic combination of two PWM signals to be generated by adjacent channels, output compare one and two or output compare three and four. The PWMs can be ordered or ended to create complex waveforms. Typically, this allows you to have two periodic pulses generated with any pulse width and any phase relationship value. The combined three phase mode specifically targets three phase motor control applications. In this case, channel five of the timer can be combined with any of the three channels, one, two or three, to insert a low state in the middle of a centered pattern PWM signal. This mode greatly simplifies the implementation of low cost current sensing techniques for three phase motor control using a technique usually referred to as zero vector insertion. This slide presents some more specific PWM modes where either the frequency or the duty cycle can be driven by external signals. The timer can provide variable frequency signals using an external reset signal connected either on the ETR or on the channel one or two inputs. The purpose of this mode is to provide a signal with a fixed on or off time and a continuously adjusted frequency controlled by the hardware. The timer provides control for the on or off time using the compare register. While the auto reload register guarantees that the PWM will not stop if the external reset is missing, thus providing a safe control in boundary conditions. This technique is used for a variety of purposes such as transition mode PFC or power factor controller for main supplied applications and current controlled digital LED lighting. Another mode for the timer is to have the duty cycle controlled by hardware with either an on chip comparator or an off chip signal. The PWM operates at a fixed frequency, the maximum duty cycle sent by the compare register and the actual value controlled cycle by cycle. This is used for applications requiring current controlled PWMs, typically for driving DC motors or solenoids. In this case, a comparator monitors the peak current value into the load. As soon as the current exceeds a program threshold, the comparator resets the PWM output, which is then automatically restarted at the next PWM period, thus providing a controlled peak current value. This slide presents the timer synchronization features. The trigger controller allows you to cascade multiple timers in a master slave configuration. A timer can control one or more timers as the master timer or be controlled by another timer as a slave. The clock and trigger controller acts as a link between the timers. In master mode, it can redirect outside the timer multiple internal control signals to an on chip TRGO trigger output. In slave mode, it gathers multiple inputs on the TRGI, the main trigger input, coming from the external trigger pin or ETR, or from one of the four internal trigger inputs, ITR1 to ITR4, connected to the other TRGO outputs. Additionally, the input capture one and two pins can also be used as an internal trigger, typically to reset the counter. Slave and master modes can be programmed independently. A given timer can thus simultaneously be operating in slave and master modes in a cascaded configuration, accepting input triggers while providing output triggers. This slide lists the various operating modes and the signals exchanged between timers. In master mode, eight options are given for selecting the trigger to be sent on the TRGO output. The output can be a single synchronization pulse issued upon counter reset, counter enable, which corresponds to the counter start, the update event, or the compare one match event. Alternatively, the TRGO output can also transmit one of four waveforms generated, including PWM signals to the other timing modules. In slave mode, the timer operating mode is controlled by the TRGI input. In triggered mode, the counter start is externally controlled. This mode is used for simultaneously starting multiple timers. In reset mode, the counter is reset by a rising edge on the TRGI input, typically for variable frequency, PWM operation. A combined mode, including reset and trigger, can be used for re-triggerable one pulse mode generation. In gated mode, shown in the figure, the counter is active only while the level on the input signal is high. This signal either comes from an input or from another timer in waveform generation mode. In this case, synchronization pulses issued on reset, enable, update, or compare match cannot be used. Lastly, the slave mode selection includes clock-related modes, such as quadrature encoder decoding or external clocking modes mentioned earlier in this presentation. This slide gives two examples of synchronized operation. The first example shows how four timers can be simultaneously started. A mechanism allows the master timer to start slightly delayed to compensate for the master slave link delay and have all timers synchronized with cycle accuracy. By combining the channels of timers one and two as shown, it is possible to have up to eight synchronized PWM channels. The second example shows how to create a 48-bit timer by cascading three timers. Here, the update event generated on counter rollover is used as the input clock for the following slave timer. So that timer three's counter holds the least significant 16 bits, timer two's counter holds the medium bits, bits 16 to 31, and timer nine's counter holds the upper bits from bit 32 to bit 47. This slide summarizes the timer's four main electrical motor control features. The timer includes specific PWM modes for controlling power switches. In addition to center-aligned and combined three-phase PWMs previously described, the timer features dead-time insertion for complementary PWM generation and six-step mode for driving brushless DC motors. It includes power stage protection circuitry with a dual-level emergency stop mechanism to disable the PWM outputs by hardware in case of a fault. It is able to handle the most common sensors found in motor control systems. Quadrature encoders and hall sensors are used for fine and coarse position feedback. While tachometer generators are used for cost-effective speed feedback and just require a clear-on capture mode. Lastly, the timer includes synchronized ADC triggering options necessary to properly manage voltage and current sensing and avoid any acquisition issues due to switching noise in power stages. This slide presents the dead-time insertion function. A hardware dead-time generator provides two non-overlapping complementary PWMs from a reference PWM signal. The STM32 timers include up to three dead-time generators for OC1, OC2 and OC3 channels. The dead-time duration is programmed with an 8-bit value. This value can be locked by the user to prevent this critical value from being corrupted during runtime. This is done by setting a right-once lock bit, which switches the dead-time register into read-only mode until the next MCU reset. Dead-time insertion is necessary when driving half-bridges, where a pair of transistors are connected in series between two power rails. In this case, it is necessary to insert some time before the switch-on of one side to allow the other side to switch off, taking into account physical switching characteristics. Half-bridges are usually found in DC to DC converters for DC or stepper motor drive using the full bridge topology shown here or for three-phase inverters with three PWM pairs. This slide shows how the six-step drive, also called block commutation, is managed with the STM32 timer. It consists of chaining two timers, one handling the three hall sensor signals, while the other manages the PWM generation synchronized with the rotor angular position, generating six successive steps. The first timer operates in clear-on capture mode, triggered by the three inputs. A compare register here, compare two, is responsible for adding a programmable delay between the raw angular position and the commutation time. The capture register one holds the timing interval between successive hall sensor edges and is necessary for the speed regulation loop. The compare two match event is propagated to the slave timer through the TRGO output. These events serve as commutation events and trigger changes for PWM generation. For each of the six steps of the sequence, the states of the six outputs are defined to be either forced active or inactive or generating a PWM signal. The transition from one step to the other is preloaded by software in the commutation interrupt routine and automatically transferred by hardware to reprogram the output operating mode when the next commutation arrives. The figure at right shows the six PWM signals for two consecutive complete six step sequences, together with the current in one of the motor phases. This slide presents the break function. A break event triggers a hardware protection mechanism that automatically disables the PWM outputs and forces them to a user configurable state, either low impedance with high or low level or high impedance. The logic circuitry works asynchronously without any clock. This guarantees the functionality even in case of a system clock failure and avoids any clock related propagation time that would tend to delay the protection. This feature is available on timer one, 16 and 17. They have complementary PWM outputs and are capable of performing power conversion tasks. Timer one has two separated break channels. This provides a dual level protection scheme where, for instance, a low priority protection with all switches off can be overridden by higher priority protection with low side switches active. Furthermore, a dead time delay can be inserted immediately before entering the fault mode for safely disabling the power stage. This prevents potential shoot through conditions. Let's consider, for instance, that the fault occurs when the high side PWM is on while the safe state is programmed to have high side switched off and low side switched on.  This slide presents how the break function sources are managed. Multiple break sources can be combined for triggering a break event. A system level source can be selected, the clock security system or CSS indicating an external clock failure. Break inputs can also be selected with the alternate function controller on the MCU pinout. External sources can be conditioned before entering the break detection unit. This allows selection of the proper polarity and discarding of spurious glitches by means of a digital filter. The BKIN and BKIN2 pins are open drain by directional IOs. This allows outputting of an internal break event outside the MCU. This is useful when multiple components are connected to the same break and break 2 signaling lines, typically several MOSFET gate drivers. This slide presents the ADC triggering options related to the timers. The ADCs can be triggered with most of the STM32 timers with three options. This can be done using compare events. The ADC conversion will start on a given compare match. The list of supported compare events varies from one timer to the other, as shown on the table. The TRGO event can also be used on certain timers. This gives extra flexibility, since the TRGO can be any of the compare events or timer internal control signals, such as register update, counter reset, or trigger input. On the other hand, this prevents the TRGO from being used for synchronization purposes. For this reason, Timer 1 also has an additional TRGO2 output, fully devoted to ADC triggering. TRGO2 offers 16 possibilities, including the six compare events and the possibility to have a dual trigger per PWM period, by combining the compare 4 and 6 events. This also leaves the TRGO free for multiple timer synchronization schemes. This slide presents an example of PWM synchronized ADC trigger. For three phase motor control, it is mandatory to have ADC reading synchronized with the PWM generated for controlling the power stage. This allows extraction of the average value out of the current waveform ripple and makes sure the ADC reading is done at an adequate distance from the ringing due to the power switches. Shown here on the left is a three phase motor inverter. The six switches are controlled by three complementary PWM pairs with dead time inserted, while the current in the motor windings is measured using shunt resistors placed in the three half bridges bottom size. The right side shows the timer's counter, compare 1 and compare two values, and corresponding PWM outputs for the low side switches controlled by CH1N and CH2N. The two bottom waveforms represent the current in the motor phase and the image of this current obtained on the shunt resistors. With this low cost topology, the voltage can only be measured when the low side switches are on which explains the square wave shaped signal obtained on the ADC input. In this case, the ADC trigger is generated on the counter rollover. This allows the reading to be done precisely in the middle of the period and get the average value of a signal with significant ripple. Additionally, using a PWM synchronized ADC trigger also guarantees that the ADC conversion will be done away from the ringing noise present on the shunt voltages. This slide lists the interrupts and DMA request sources. Most events are able to generate either an interrupt or a DMA request or even the two simultaneously. The update is issued when the counter overflows or underflows. It is mainly used to refresh the timer's runtime settings at the beginning of the PWM period and maximize the interval before the next register update. The repetition counter allows you to skip some PWM periods and decrease the number of interrupts or DMA requests at high PWM frequency. Each of the four capture compare events have their own interrupt and DMA. A trigger event on the TRGI input, regardless of the trigger source, can also trigger an interrupt or DMA request. Lastly, additional sources of interrupts and DMA requests are the commutation and break events on timer one. Note that the break event does not generate DMA requests. The timer includes a DMA burst mode to have multiple registers reprogrammed with a single DMA stream. This allows the modification of several runtime parameters simultaneously. For instance, duty cycle and frequency of several channels or dynamically change the timer configuration by writing the configuration registers. The example shows how a table containing three compare values can be transferred into the compare registers with a single DMA stream when a new PWM period starts. The DMA must be programmed in memory to peripheral mode pointing to a unique location in the timer, virtual register, TIMX, DMA-R. When the update event occurs, the timer sends a number of DMA requests corresponding to the programmed burst length. Each value is then automatically redirected from the virtual register into the active register targeted. On the next update event, three new compare values are transferred again. In this example, this mechanism saves two DMA streams that would normally be necessary for such an update scheme. The timer is active in the run and sleep modes. While it is frozen in stop modes, the timer state and register content are preserved and the timer directly resumes operation when the MCU is woken up. In standby and shutdown modes, the timer is powered down and must be completely re-initialized when exiting from these modes. The timer state in debug mode can be configured with one configuration bit per timer. If the debug bit is reset, the timer clock is maintained during a breakpoint. If the debug bit is set, the timer's counter is stopped as soon as the core is halted. Additionally, the outputs of the timers having complementary outputs are disabled and forced to an inactive state. This feature is extremely useful for applications where the timers are controlling power switches or electrical motors. It prevents the power stages from being damaged by excessive current or the motors from being left in an uncontrolled state when hitting a breakpoint. This slide explains how to set the timer's PWM frequency. This parameter is defined using the auto reload value or ARR programmed in the Timx ARR register and the clock prescaler programmed in the Timx PSC register. The PWM frequency is given by the timer operating frequency or FTIM divided by ARR plus one times the clock prescaler plus one. Practically, finding both register values is an iterative process where one must start from PSC equals zero. In other words, no clock division. This guarantees that the PWM will have the finest possible resolution. In this case, the ARR value is simply the ratio between the timer clock frequency and the PWM frequency, the whole minus one. If this equation yields an ARR value above the timer's ARR range, either a 16-bit or 32-bit value depending on the selected timer, the computation must be redone with a higher prescaler value with the following sequence. An ARR value equal to timer clock frequency divided by two over the PWM frequency, the whole minus one, then an ARR value equal to timer clock frequency divided by three over the PWM frequency, the whole minus one, and so on up to the point where the ARR value fits within the programmable range. This slide explains how to program a duty cycle for a given PWM frequency. This parameter is defined using the auto reload value or ARR programmed in the TIMEX ARR register and the compare value programmed in the TIMEX CCRX register. The duty cycle does not depend on the PWM frequency and is given by the compare value plus one over the auto reload value plus one. Another useful indication is the PWM resolution. This gives the number of possible duty cycle values and indicates how fine the control on the PWM signal will be. The resolution expressed in number of duty cycle steps is simply equal to the ratio between the timer clock frequency and the PWM frequency, the whole minus one. Another way of expressing it is in bits as for giving a DAC converter output resolution. In this case, the resolution is the base two logarithm of the ratio between the timer clock frequency and the PWM frequency, the whole minus one. This slide shows a simple practical example of PWM usage for dimming a low power LED. This can be done directly using a PWM output as long as the current does not exceed the rated output current. The first step is to program the frequency to be set to one kilohertz. When doing the ARR value computation with no pre-scaler and a timer operating frequency of 200 megahertz, the result is one 99999 which is above the 16-bit range that can be used with timer one. The timer pre-scaler must be set to four to have the timer operating at 40 megahertz and this results in a valid value of 39999 for the ARR register. The second step consists of computing the compare register value to have a 20% duty cycle. This yields a value of 7999. Lastly, the dimming resolution can be computed with formulas presented in the previous slides. With a timer running at 40 megahertz, a one kilohertz PWM provides 40,000 dimming steps which corresponds to an equivalent resolution of 15.3 bits. This slide explains a common support case where the whole timer is configured, the counter is started, the PWM mode is enabled as well as the corresponding outputs but there's still no activity on the pins. Usually this is because the MOE bit or the CCXE bit was not set. The CCXE bit in the TIMX CCER register defines the configuration of a CCX channel as input or output. The CC1E must be set to get a PWM signal on the CH1 channel. For timers equipped with dead time generators, timers 1, 16 and 17, a main output enable or MOE bit in the TIMX BDTR registers controls all output and acts as a circuit breaker in case of fault detection on the break input or global disable of all PWM outputs. The MOE bit must be set or armed to have the outputs enabled. This is valid even if the timer is used without dead time insertion and the timer is used for general purpose applications. The timer is linked with multiple on-chip peripherals. It serves as a trigger source for the ADC and the DAC converter. This slide lists the timer instances present in STM32WB microcontrollers. The timer 1 is a full-featured timer motor control capable including all PWM options and six compare channels for being able to generate simultaneously three-phase PWM signals and have two independent ADC triggers. The timer 2 is a general purpose timer including all PWM modes, up-down counting capability and four channels. It additionally offers a 32-bit counting range. Lastly, timers 16 and 17 are light timers with support for standard PWM only one channel and up counting mode only. They complement the other timers whenever additional independent time bases are necessary. They also have dead time insertion and break input for driving simple power systems with only a single PWM pair. Three application notes complement the timer sections in the reference manual. AN2592 gives a practical implementation of a 32-bit timer made of two synchronized 16-bit timers and is useful for better understanding the overall timing synchronization mechanism. It comes with a software example. AN4013 provides a more detailed overview of all timer features and available firmware examples. AN4507 presents an implementation of PWM resolution enhancement by means of dithering techniques. It comes with a software example. AN4776 starts with a few reminders on timer operating principles and contains a collection of examples for standard timer use cases. It comes with a software example.


What is up 8% nation? I'm Cody askings and I'm extremely excited about our special guest To for the price of one today a miss Olivia Richardson and Mike Gatorna the Medicare cafe team Presented by senior marketing specialist. What's up guys? Thanks for being on great. Thank you. Thanks for having us And I'm actually really impressed that you got Mike's last name correct because he can't pronounce it correctly half the time So it is for you as well.  They're hilarious. I can only imagine what you guys are going to deliver live from stage I'm super excited about that. Oh, yeah, if you've ever seen a train wreck you are in for a treat You guys will be just as surprised as we are so really excited for it That's the best way to roll. That's the best way to do it. Well, thank you guys so much for doing jumping on this Thank you for being a part of the conference For those that don't know the Medicare cafe team presented by senior marketing specialists out of Columbia, Missouri just north of us just a few hours north of us down here in Springfield They are going to they're sponsoring They have a booth and these guys the Medicare cafe team are leaving a keynote live from stage in the Ad Nissan stadium Talking about monetizing Medicare and how agents can turn Medicare clients into financial leads so so so for those that don't know because Obviously, I knew about you guys you guys do you guys do like a Medicare cafe show every week, right? Yeah, which is so so cool unique. I love that. I love the I love the duo aspect. I mean it's The personality just the randomness. It's it's amazing. So once you give us our audience a little history about the two of you So that they can learn a little bit more about you Well, no age before beauty It's visible wisdom in my All right, so the Medicare cafe started real quick during a EP we know that as trainers a lot of agents have a lot of time They're out there selling and producing business. So we started doing short webinars just on quick tips throughout AP we call it actually a AP coffee break and then in January It just kind of kept on going into the life of its own and then the Libya got bored one day and came over Yeah, that's pretty much what happened and it just have grown from there So that's how the AP or the AP coffee talk turned to make your cafe. It's turned into what we have today I was a field agent for in Kansas City for many years and With a friend of mine We realized that there was this hole in the market where you get contracted and then your training was here Go sell this and those it so we started training platform that grew and then it's spiraled into senior marketing specialists And here I am today So my background is a little bit different Obviously, I don't have the years of experience and trauma that Mike has but I joined almost in your marketing specialist back in 2013 and before that I was into sales actually to door-to-door campaigning for politics Which I could if anybody ever has some time for a coffee or beer. I have lots of stores to share I'm sure everybody else here does and really got into it did an internship a senior marketing specialist loved it and Didn't leave I don't know they have ever been fired, but I am still getting paid So I'm still here all these years later and loving it And I have to say with Medicare cafe Mike and I have both been a part of have both attended these trainings that are just Somebody staying up in the front of the room with a business suit on, you know, just really monotone and you know And you know the content is great And you know what they're telling you would really help you build your business But at the same time if you're not excited about it, what do you get you're not gonna do anything, right? So Medicare cafe does come up and people either I like to say either love or hate our style I think the majority people love the style, but it is Open comedic. It is a lot more casual. It's very casual because again if I have to sit and listen to another This is Olivia Richardson was doing marketing specialist. Let me tell you how great. It's it's not working. It's not what we I would leave. I mean, I wouldn't even finish it So so this is a way for us to be able to train do what we're really passionate about help agents out there in the field Be successful, but then also kind of put our own spin on it. And it's something that we actually really enjoy Drinking yes, a lot of drinking coffee coffee drinking Drinking coffee drinking exactly or or strawberry refreshers from Starbucks Well, I'm telling you what you guys have a lot of fun, but I think I think one question a lot of our audience probably wants to know is hey you seem like almost like a Just brother sister type, you know always really cool always fun Do you guys ever fight do you guys ever bicker is is it as there's just always just Older sister here she is I Am the responsible No, we wait, I don't think really but we disagree we definitely disagree We're fighting about how we fight We do we do think or we get called might but we used to get called the husband and wife of insurance of the Medicare field that No, so we now get referred to as the brother and sister of the insurance field and or the Medicare market and we spend so much time together because of What we do and because of you know, we had the same interests and things, you know of that nature I'm sounding a really terrible dating site I'm not I'm not happy with where I'm taking this conversation But it is the fact that we we get along for the most part if we don't get along It's because Mike eventually realizes that he's wrong and that we ought to listen to what I have to say to begin with So I just basically taking me let it pass and then we just keep on going because it she's not worth fighting with Well People would never know because it seems like you guys go on great So I love but you know what if you're if you're if you're that close and you're around each other all the time You know what we got a we got off to ask you about some of those stories once we're at Nissan Stadium Yes, absolutely. We'll share them and then some So so how long how long again have you guys been doing Medicare cafe now in three years now about three Years I can as it when it started as a peak coffee break I think that was about three years ago and it just Spiled from there. So I think we're pushing on year three starting next year Yeah It was and it started off as a place just for people to kind of get together like our motto is is where agents get together Drink Java and talk shop. So the place for kind of again this busy as fourth quarter is busy for everybody Regardless of what field you're in or what industry you're in So this was something that Mike started just for everybody to kind of come together Get caught up on what was going on for the week, you know senior marketing specialist We work with 10,000 agents nationwide So this was something that it was a place for somebody to come in sit down for 15 20 minutes And just kind of get the updates and so it's grown from that we have a wonderful following with a great group of agents that work with us and So we really have been enjoying it the whole time. Mm-hmm Crazy cool. I mean think about you know being able to impact 10,000 That's what's cool about what we do nowadays with the way you guys doing something modern fun You know, I mean, it's it's almost it almost reminds me of like Like a like a like a funny comedic TV show, you know about insurance for insurance agents It's like, you know, it's just so neat, you know, it's almost like the office for insurance for for Medicare Right I'm at least an Andy like I think Stanford or ever have you know The office is such a popular show around especially around our office and a lot of offices that you know, I absolutely Think of the I think it's a definitely a definitely a compliment to for the insurance industry. So I think it's cool Also What for those that maybe haven't seen it when is your weekly show? Is it live? Is it free? Is it posted? I'll let you take it every Tuesday 10 o'clock central We have we use the go-to webinar platform for that and then every Friday at noon We do Facebook live on our Facebook page So we twice a week on the Facebook live is only about what maybe by the seven minutes The Tuesday event is about 20 to 30 minutes give or take and we encourage agents to ask questions You know get involved. We don't want to be a Duo dialogue if you would we'd rather have a two-way conversations with the agent. So that's our goal and it works pretty well Otherwise Mike and I could talk to somebody until they're blue in the face We don't know how to stop so it is really nice Go-to webinar does allow us to have that platform to where people can communicate with us We answer questions I Encouraging that of course Facebook the same thing people go on there and interact and it's awesome We fully understand that nobody wants to talk to insurance agents other than other insurance agents so you gotta give them a place to go and talk and share stories and communicate and Breathe a little life in this industry because like Libby said we've been to trainings that you just start looking in the help wanted section Yeah, I can't do this anymore. So we're trying to keep agents in the field by our our training and oh so far So good one terrible joke at a time. Yes Well, they know what's cool is you guys are giving back and like you said helping agents stay in the field About 92% of insurance agents fail and so I love that you guys Something to give back have fun and make it entertaining and cool. I mean I'm excited to see you guys to meet you guys because I've even got some personal questions because from a social from a social aspect Seem like yeah, yeah, maybe not too personal, but you guys You guys seem like so social and such have great personalities, you know, it's like I don't know I don't know if it was always like that from the date from day one or if it's just But Chemistry, right? I mean well Mike and I both come from a sales background both in our respective fields And so we do realize that in order to be successful in this field You do kind of have to have a really welcoming personality. I'm going to be nice to us first. Oh welcoming Personality that that can take that back and forth and Mike and I also have really thick skin So we always have this saying that if you can find a way to offense us will buy you a beer Yes, that's something that that's not a challenge. I'm not challenging anybody Yes, but if you happen to offend as we'll buy you there They have to have thick skin in any sales field, especially the senior market because let's face it these people have earned their stripes They've seen a lot of things and sometimes they come up with some pretty interesting things to say So if you can if you have thin skin in this game, you're going to be part of that 92 percent so we're focusing on the 8 percent and to get people from that 92 percent into that 8 percent And I think your conference is a perfect place to do that. Absolutely so much out.  All right, so I want you to describe the other individuals. So Olivia described Mike Mike described Olivia You go first This is a horrible idea in one word.  I'm excited. I'm excited to see this too One word. Do you have a do you have a bleep button? Any chance I don't know DJ All right, so No, ready rock paper scissors. No, I don't have time. You've had a lot of this before right you've had No, you've never done this. I try to think about Mike at least the amount of possible cause the amount of time I have to spend with them if I'm not with them.    That's so three words. So I can't use that Yeah, so I had to use genuine I like that. That's good. That was fun.  You tell you about this later.  I mean, this is Yeah, exactly.  I can only imagine how much fun it's gonna be to have you guys at this thing What was it about? Because guys, it's nuts to think 20 days 10 hours 45 minutes and 20 seconds from now We'll be hanging out at Nissan stadium and NFL stadium in Nashville together with Grant Cardone, Ray Lewis You guys will be on stage in front of a thousand people No Actually, I own quite a few Grant Cardone books actually so one of my favorite books on him is 10 times So it's just You know, I was this kind of star. I'm a I I'm afraid that if I do meet him a person I'm gonna be like that, you know that that fan that's like Hi He's gonna be like what the hell is this person doing here? I am so excited. Honestly, personally speaking. I was so excited I'm just know that we're gonna share a stage with people like Ray Lewis and Grant Cardone That it's such an honor. Honestly, I don't know that I ever expected a place in my life to share Even a pamphlet and have my name somewhere near their name So I'm so excited and so honored for that But I think what I'm most excited about is the energy That's gonna be there because this time of year again, like I mentioned no matter what industry you're in This time of year is exhausting and it can really weigh on you and you're worried about how you're gonna come up With into the year finances and Christmas and so this in time of year can really I think serious or second Sorry, but this time of year can really weigh on somebody's mind So to have somewhere where you have that energy and just somebody telling you this is how you're going to be successful This is how you can make this the best Year of your life and the best this is a place where you can change your life direction into a positive way The energy that you guys are going to bring with the speakers and just all the Stuff that you guys have been doing to promote it. I'm that's what I'm most excited about is to kind of see How people enter that arena and then more importantly how they leave that arena Let's face it. This industry Medicare and financial planning is not as that they known for its high energy and charisma So I'm glad to see that we're going to be part of an event that changes that stigma Thank you so much. That's really cool. That really means a lot. That's that's awesome Man, I was getting goosebumps and getting excited and getting jacked up over here. Just thinking about all that You're so shadow You guys got to figure out what what what song you want to you want to dance out to I may I may say Everybody's expecting the medicare cafe team to come out on stage bust in a move. All right or am I wrong? Oh, we got some it's final countdown. It's I don't have Yeah, I already have the choreography planned. I don't know if Mike will be there or not, but I'm ready. There we go I love it. I love it. Hey, tell me this. What was it about this thing that that you know, we've talked for a while about this I was super honored to get for you guys to get involved in this. I really was I was super excited What was it about this that really caught your attention and made you your whole team And your entire office a huge office, by the way, want to really get behind this to get involved Well, you know, like Olivia mentioned, it's the high energy and Also, it's the fact that medicare is not really seen by the financial community As a viable source to either income or leads and we're looking to change that because A lot of these people and we will talk about this when we're at the 8% nation is they Don't have the guidance they did when they were working when they're working They had Karen and hr telling them what to do with their health insurance and also what to do with their financial planning Look company matches 3% you do 3% and then they retire and no one's there to help them. They're just stuck And I don't I think the financial planners get stuck in that You know that hey, I'm going to look at their 401ks roll out over but oh health insurance. Oh, you're on your own still So the fact that they could be a resource either have a resource As a partner an agent in the field or be resource themselves for them to show agents how that opportunity exists I think it would be very exciting I think also just the opportunity to recruit nerds because like mike mentioned nobody wants to talk about insurance Last year another insurance agent or professional And with the opportunity that comes with medicare with the baby boomer generation coming up We see that the things that mike and I get excited about Literally, it's our poor spouses and significant others are just like just go talk to mike I don't want to talk about this stuff So we want to get people to get excited about the things that we're excited about because Of the opportunity that it does bring regardless if you or want to be the resource yourself Or if you want to find a partner to be that resource for you just the opportunity that comes with that Is it's extremely exciting? So to be able to spread that message about what medicare can do for your book of business is really exciting Yeah Certainly growing again. It's crazy Medicare is more and more popular every single day And it's because of people like you and the fact that there's not tens of thousands of people Coming in every single day.  I mean it's just such a I think a lot of agents don't realize how big of an opportunity it really really is I think they see like that that bottom dollar and it's you know When I why would I sell this whenever I can make so much money over here? And what we like to focus on again the holistic view of clients and and what is it? You know, what is it that is being thrown in your client space on a daily basis as professionals in this industry?  Blah. I don't want to talk about anymore So easy to get in that mindset so to realize that hey, there is so much Potential in this and you can be a medicare Expert and not be a stick in the mud horrible person that just this is a sad human being It doesn't have to be that way Yeah, but a lot of people see they they see insurance agents has you know got lawyers use car salesmen and insurance agents So we're trying to raise them up and make them more professional I know we do it comically, but through your client's eyes. It's just you ask professional as other Other experts in their lives. Yeah, well and what's what's what's neat?  So that really helps. Yeah, and it doesn't at all get annoying to our office mates What's a lover? Oh, no, they're they're always excited to see us You mentioned java earlier is it red bull or monster java? It's a combination of we actually take a blender And we throw in there some like v12 and then we have some coffee then we throw in some expresso shots Then there's the red bull Then it's not occasionally figure out how to hook it up to an IV and put it directly into the vein So really any way we can do it. We're gonna see if we get a heart to explode basically Yeah, that's our goal. That's our end goal. So Yay on stage on stage on stage Speaking of speaking of on stage What will agents learn? Not I mean you're speaking about monetizing Their way of turning medicine the financial leads What what do you expect agents to learn? What will they get out of they'll have a lot of fun and I have a feeling they're gonna learn They're gonna pick up some valuable Medicare nuggets. Help me out there Well, I think you'll learn that not to ignore Medicare and not to put it to the side and thinking I'm a financial planner I deal with 401k rollovers and retirement planning and I don't mess with health insurance or I don't want to mess with it I think they're gonna see the hopefully the correlation between Financial products and health insurance products, especially when a client gets sick And Medicare doesn't cover everything they want to do or they want the alternative treatment Or they have a big bill they have to pay, you know, where they're gonna go They're gonna go to that financial leg that that financial planner built for them and now they're chipping away at it So there is definitely a correlation there. We hopefully I think they will they'll see the they'll see the the link between the two and I think they're gonna Take a step back and as far as learning it's more or so just opening up their eyes It's at this point at the end of our of our end of our talk I hope people really step back and think can I afford to ignore this market financially both in in my The way that I service my clients. Can I truly afford to continue to ignore this market? So if if they ask themselves that questions at the end of the presentation then I've done my job And of course senior marketing specialists will have a booth there So whenever they come up with that question, they don't necessarily know how to answer that They'll be able to talk to Mike and I afterwards as well as some of the members of the team here I definitely think for younger agents.  You're like, nope. That's my decision. I'm good Yeah For those just joining us medicare cafe team presented by senior marketing specialists They're gonna be given a live keynote at a percent nation Give me a little help here There's a lot of agents that are on the fence and there's a lot of agents already going There's a lot of agents on the fence a lot people buy their tickets in the last three or four weeks of an event Right how it always happens Why should they attend not only I mean they're gonna get to be around you and have a ton of fun Why you know, maybe there's no other better reason than that That's the reason yeah, I think you know, I think it's truly investment in yourself You know, it's it's we're constantly growing The industry is constantly evolving and if you decide that you're going to back out of it You're gonna be left behind It's just like doctors and other professionals. You would never go see a doctor that stopped, you know They graduated in 1980 from medical school and they haven't picked up a book since you'd be second guessing them And especially with social media, you know new platforms coming out and all these things that agents need to be aware of They need to keep on their finger on the pulse in the industry and this in this conference will do that for them I think that as well as again We talked about I think ziggler said it that its motivation is like taking a shower It doesn't last this way have to do it every day Right and I do think an event like this is like I mentioned this time of year is so Hard and it is just to go and take a couple days For yourself and to be amongst other professionals that with the same mindset Everybody at the in the seat next to you either way They're there for the same reason So how that network of ability to go in there and talk to them learn from other professionals And to be in the same room in the same place in the same location as some of these huge Speakers that you have coming up and just to learn from their expertise Whether they're in our industry or not motivation has no bounds as far as how can it be applied? So I think of nothing else just for that pick me up so you can finish out your year strong and plan for an amazing 2019 I think you have to be at this event Well in a lot of agents I found especially when I was in the field if I came across something good I didn't share it because I don't want any other agents Jumping on board and then doing what I'm doing because then it creates more competition for myself But if you're talking to agent that's not in your area that will never go Against your clients you can start sharing ideas. So like Olivia said networking not only for the fact that hey I want to talk to somebody about understands my field. It's also hey Here's an idea I had for this market. Has it worked in your market? And you can compare notes without worrying about that and intruding on your clients. This is a national I've never been a national. I'm so excited for net for some boots to something like dolly parton I'm so I don't think I don't think she's gonna be there. I don't well, maybe you should get dolly as a speaker She could be perfect Even come on stage with you guys done fine. I'll call her let me text her Speaking of dolly, who's the better singer? Oh by far Yeah, I have the voice of a dying cow. So I have no business Yeah doing any type of audio singing. I don't even know that you've ever heard me sing But we just assume that I'm the better singer. Yeah, because it doesn't get much worse. Yeah Yeah, that's awesome. That's awesome. Well, you guys have been a ton of fun I'm telling you everyone that's watching you want to meet these two people the medicare cafe team Presented by senior marketing specialist awesome job day any final words from the medicare cafe team I think we're just so excited are so excited to be there. Cody We can't thank you enough for allowing us to share that stage for allowing us to be there to meet Everybody. We are so excited. We're huggers.  I don't even care if you don't like hugs. Don't come talk to me I can't let us out in advance because you will get one. Yes, that's fine. That's not my fault at that point So we are just so thrilled to be included in this. So thank you so much. We're looking forward to meeting everybody Yeah, thank you. You're very welcome. DJ's over here playing the final countdown on the way out to us We got this. Yeah, see the other movement in crew That's awesome. That is so cool. Hey for those that haven't got your tickets and your seat Olivia and Mike are telling you right now why you need to be there go to aprecination.com to grab your seat Thank you very much for being on super excited to meet the both of you Thanks again Cody for having us. Appreciate it. We'll see you in Nashville. Have an incredible weekend 20 days away grab your seat aprecination.com. Thank you guys Appreciate it. Bye


Item █ SCP-920 Object Class, Euclid Special Containment Procedures Mobile Task Force Iota-1, Mr. Hunters, are currently tracking SCP-920's movements. Currently SCP-920's movements are being followed by satellite observation. Tracking of SCP-920 by land or air has been discontinued. Suggestions on official containment of SCP-920 may be submitted to Dr. █████. Any personnel encountering Mobile Task Force Iota-1 are to contact O5-4. Description SCP-920 appears to be an Asian male at indeterminable age. Transportation, movement, or direction of SCP-920 to a certain destination is physically impossible. SCP-920 shows an inability to control its own movements and will instead wonder about being unable to choose a destination. Assets that transporting SCP-920 to any destination will result in transporters becoming lost. Attempts at directing SCP-920 will result in SCP-920 becoming lost. Following SCP-920 will result in SCP-920 and the follower becoming lost. There is no determinable point at which SCP-920's effects will take place. Seemingly random events such as malfunctioning radar systems and GPS units, earthquakes, ground formations, and severe human negligence have all been recorded to manifest when transportation of SCP-920 has been attempted. SCP-920 seems to have a slight psychic pull, causing subjects that come into contact with SCP-920 to fill the compulsion to walk and talk with him. Conversing with SCP-920 is not recommended, as typically subjects will follow SCP-920 and become lost. SCP-920 does not appear to have normal human requirements, and can wander through deserts, tundras, and oceans without encountering difficulties. Addendum 920-1 SCP-920 was discovered at entrance ██ of Site ██, however, during escort to Hall ██, SCP-920 escaped containment. SCP-920 was later discovered outside a small town near Site ██. Attempts at recontainment were discontinued following the disappearance of ██ personnel. Addendum 920-2 The words Mr. Lost from Little Misters by Dr. Wondertainment are tattooed upon SCP-920's left calf. This designation appears as ██, and documented SCP-909-A. SCP-920 was originally discovered wearing a green hoodie, a white t-shirt, and jeans. The brand name Dr.'s Orders is sewn into all tags. Addendum 920-3 Yes, by Lost we mean Lost. Misplaced is oriented, of course, whatever you'd like to call it. No, personnel have not been sent to another plane of infinite misters. Dr. ██ Addendum 920-4 On ██, SCP-920 was restrained by Foundation personnel, and Site-207 was established at his location to contain him. However, within ██ hours it became clear that personnel could not locate Site-207. After ██, Site-207 was abandoned due to critical supply issues.


Mae'r yma i chi'n du. Gwyddoch chi'n gwybod gyda'r berthynas yma i'r eich cyfnod oed. Yn y gallu'n gweld, mae'n hoffi'n ffordd y bodyon yn y clyfr o'r gael. Mae'r lle ddweud, mae'n lle ddweud. Mae'n ceisio i ddod. Nid o'r cyfnod o'r parwysydd, o'r ymddangos yng Nghymru. Mae'r lle ddweud, mae'n cael eu ddweud o'i cael eu ddechrau. Mae'n cael eu ddweud o'r ddweud o'r ddweud o'i ddweud o'r ddweud. Ildwch chi yn ddod yn butwyr i'r gwah o'r peth. Mae'n dda i wneud i gyd o feu ymddiol iawn. Fel fyddwch chi ar bobl a'i gwahon iawn er mwyn, gyd ag ym ddod i'n gweithio a'r ysbyty i gynllunio i ddeuddiwch chi. Felly mae'n gyd o'r gynlluniau i gael i'r pethau oedig. Felly bod gyda'r iawn y gyrfa argofnwyr, dyna'n hyn sydd fyddwch chi. Oes öddi ddim yn ei ddweud o ddaloedd ym Ysbryd wedi chi, But how do you keep everybody happy? The simple answer to that is you can't. That's it. I think you have to treat people with respect, you have to be honest with any conversation you have with them. That's it. And train them as hard as they expect to be trained, and not sort of ignored, that's the biggest thing for me. He's not ignoring anyone. Everyone's got an opportunity to train and show all they can do. Onw'n ardal, ond mae'n ddysgu'n gweld ar hynny, mae'n gwaith yn ffodol yn y ddisgondol, bod yn ddysgu'n gweld ar hynny, mae'n ddysgu'n gweld ar hynny, ychydig yn y ddod yn ddweud, ond mae ydych chi'n gwaith yn 24 o'r gwaith, a'n gwybodaeth o'n ei ddweud, a gydag oedd yma 5 o 6, a'n gweithio'n eich gwaith yn y ddweud. Ond mae'n gwaith yn y ddweud. Ond eich gwaith yma, Ac mae'r angen i'r angen i'r angen, fyddwn yn gweithio yn rhan iawn i coupoddau a chymreno'n gweithio. Jeu'r angen i'r angen i dylunio, mae'r beth yw iawn i'r angen i gwybod gan dam o' lemonol yn fwy. Yn y gallu gwneud hynny, mae'n bakel oeddaeth y team, ond mae'r angen i'r angen i'r angen i'r pwlad. A g Meer yn yng Nghymru yn ysgril. Ond yn ymddangos eich hwn i gyd i ddim yn gweithio'r angen i'r angen i'r team? science is how it needs to be really. I'm not going to be making unnecessary changes and I'm not that type of manager I think. I would like to reward performances and results with the shirt, again that's the weekly target for every player to aim for really, Ac o'r meddwl, rydyn ni'n berthynie i'r oedwg falle'n ddechrau i'r tathedau a chael obaith i'r hoed yma gwrthodion o'r ddechrau, a'r hoed o'r ddau, ac rydyn ni wedi'n meddwl yn mynd i'r hoed o'r hoed o'r hoed o'r hoed o'r hoed, rydyn ni'n dd It's just one of a- I'd rather it this way where I have decisions to make. I have to not manage people so speak, but have that communication with people rather than not having decisions to make and I've only got a bare eleven to pick from. That's not a position I want to be in as a manager. Did John Tomkinson take his chance? Will he keep that show? Mae coraldion yn maen nhw leol. Fel y gallwn y gallwn piolaethau Gogol o moddau sydd wedi'ch bod gennym eu mewn экран. Pяти o prize rydyn nhw begwyd math efallai pan gennym ciqueapatlu lle. Be wedi bod yr hwn cyllidau yma ar eich momban. Ac mae pan o'r gindig iawn – nes worden nhw llawer wneud yn bobl. Rwy'n gallw huntersai i glowde yn y garedd Rwy'n gobeithio'n ei wneud am ymddai i'w amser. Rydw i, mae'n ddiddordeb bod, ond mae'n ddiddordeb yn ymlaen. Rwy'n ddiddordeb, mae'n ddiddordeb yn ymlaen, rydw i ddaeth i ddod i ddiddordeb yn ymddangos. Rydw i'n ddiddordeb yw'r lle hwnnw i'r llog yn gwybod i ddiddordeb o'r ddiddordeb, ddiddordeb yn gyfnod i'r sgwrdd ac yn cael ei gwithio, ond mae'n gwybod i ddiddordeb yn cael ei gwneud. Yn dechrau'r gweithbeth y cyfrifredd, mae'r ddwyliadau ffordd, yn ddod y ddweud yma yw'r bwrdd i'r ddefnyddio'r gweithbeth. Mae'r ddweud o'r oedd, mae'r ddweud yma, mae'r ddweud o'r oed yn ddweud, yn yn ôl'r ffordd o'r cyfrifredd, mae'r bwysig o'r bwysig o'r bwysig o'r bwysig o'r bwysig. Oed flynyddo'r bwysig o'r bwysig. Mae'n bwysig o'u bwysig o'r bwysig, but it's got to be some sort of consistency in how I pick a team. But we have a very busy period, as you said, you know, four games in eight days coming up, so you know, I'd be surprised if we've played the same eleven in all four games.  Mae'n gilydd y gallu cyfnod i ddweud oherwydd fy gwrdd, bobi a Harry yn gallu ddweud ar fynd yn mynd ffild 3. A rydym yn gwneud o'r ddweud o'r ddweud o'r ddweud, oherwydd y ffordd yma, fel y 3, 4, 3, 5, so sphyn, a ym 3, iddyn nhw'n gwneud o'r ddweud, gan gyda ddweud o'r ddweud, ond ar ôl gwneud cyhoedd y rhai gyda'r bydd. Yn amlŷch i gael wneud, rydyn ni'n dod i'r gwerthu, ond y gwell iawn y gwoed, rhyw'r prynedig y dyfodol ymateb arall. Rydyn ni'n gweithio ry fancyn honno i'r amlŷch ar hyn. Rydyn ni'n gweithio ar wythdoedd wrth ei chefnog, a rydyn ni'n gweithio atoddi, i hefyd yn y Comon Plynedig. Rydyn ni'n gweithio ar dyfodol, a fydd yn gweithio ar y cyfrifol, Onl, dwi'n cael ei ddarparu, ond gallwn dweud bod wedi gyda'r gwaith yn cael ei ddarparu hyn. Mae'n wneud yn gennym wedi'u prif datblygu eu bod eich gweithio'n gwybod ar prosodydd. Onl, dwi'n cael ei ddweud i ni'n pamlu i gafio ar derbyn i ddweud reум. Felly roedd hyn wedi bod y hirreth arall yn gweithio. Mae'r drosodd ddVi, ond mae'r gweithio yn cael ei ddweud am eu gweithio'n gweithio oherwydd yma. Mae'r gweithio yn cael ei ddweud i ni ddweud? Ac e toppings? So I have not been here for 5 or 6 months and I'll know everything about every player. One of the guys have still had conversations who have not played yet. I have seen him every day in training and the games are at a different level, different window of opportunity for me to see how players react and match scenarios. Yna'n gwael i'r gofyn ni, y gallwn i'n mynd son i'r gwael i'r gofyn i'r gwasanaethion, ac nid o gwael i'r gwasanaethion. Felly mae'n cymaint i'r gwasanaethion sydd gennym llei arall, a'r gweinwch yn sgwrtio ddweud Fleia allowing i'r gwael, yn y gallu bod lle fixede, mae'n amgyrrageddol yn merbyn i dwylo'r tywydd. Pwysig y gallu tyfn y gwael i'r gwael i'r gwasanaethion i gael yn gweinwch ikrwm George Henry, Dyma roeddwn ni gyd yn eich dfulfod dduffun ar hyn yn ei defnyddio'r amser yn taeth o'r gwkeil. Yn y dduffwn ni'n teimlo i'ch gyd yn hoffi'r byd i'r rhaglau ddweud hynny, ond iddyn nhw'n ddigon nhw'n oedd yn dweud hynny yng Nghymru'r Gweithgell yn achos y ddweud a'r ydydd nhw'n hefyd. Tyrhwng hynny'n i'r dweud yn ddweud yn hoffi. Yr hyn sy'n i puedo'n gwneud gyda gwablyliciad yna, gwirionedd hynny'n ddysgu. Yn ymddangodnaeth yn sicr sy'n diffrattwch yn hynny i ddweud y cyffrattwch? Yn ymddangodnaeth, mae'n ddefnyddio cael ei dweud. Yn pwysig a phrefwyr y gwbl iawn, mae eich dangos i'r wybodaeth a'i bwysig i'r ffordd y blaen. So mae'n dweud y ffordd a'u coprwch am y maen nhw. Yn ysaf, mae'n drefnod afael yr unrhyw i gwbl, aithe os byddwn i ddweud i ddweud oedd y gweithiau bwysig, os oedol. Ond byddwn ni'n dwy'n mynd i'r rhai yn gofyn i'r gweld i'r meddorol. Mae'r gwaith eich geisio a wedi gael, yn ddweud o'r gwaith i'r defnyddol, mae'n syr iawn y gallwn yn gofyniol na anghystechol, ac mae'r sefydli'r gwaith yn meddorol. Mae'n ddweud i'r gbrofiadwyr bod suctionu, ac mae'n ddigon i'r llai gyda yn gweithi'n gweithio Dwi ddvaith cyrraedd neu fod adeiladden nhw'n gweld yn gweld yn ei dyn am gweithio pertainingi ac yn gweithio gwneud. Ond yma'n gwneud ei fod yn un o'r halau a phobl yn ddarpariaethau yma. Felly byddwn i'n gweithio'n bod i'n mynd i ddweud, sy'n mynd cael i'r hoffi phobl yn cael eu panffordd. Felly mae'r hoffi phobl wedi cael ei hyn yn cael eu cymdr y byddwn i'n cael eu cael eu gweithio'n a wneud efallai fydd yn cael ei hoffi limpiaeth, ond y gallu tynnu o'r cyfodol yn cyfgau amlwyd pan ar gyfer 5 gwithaidd. Cyfani'r cael ei dŷlodau yn ein hunain yn ni'n gwybod fynd i'r llwyll. Llywodraeth? A yna ffordd geniwyr i'r lleidio, a'r ffordd miliwn i'n hoffo ferdoli i Cymru? Mae'n meddyliad fydd yn Gendrym. Yn cael ei ddysgu'r gweithio pan yn greyfodol o'r awr, u'r ystyfiad maen nhw gŵr yw'r cyfodol o'r maen nhw? Mae'n blaen, mae'n fawr, bod yn y bwladol y pw 140 o bwladol, ond hwnnw يdwyd yn ni'n niwn hwnnw.  Felly, dyna'n fawr bod ni wedi gael 50 o ddeithas a gwahodd o'n gwneud fod yn ei dddangos eu gwirio'n gallu diogel yma, ond we've got five players for that position already, so it's probably as much as I'm learning how Ryan and Stephen want to work or have worked so far as them probably learn about me and what we need for the team as well. So I think that's through constant dialogue and communication and we had a chat the other day, went through the squad completely and I'm pretty certain he will help us. I'm not sure about this guy because he hasn't had the opportunity yet and stuff like that as I've just explained. So I don't think there's vast amounts for us to bring in. I don't want to anyway because I've spoken before about the approximate number we want to work with. But we can't be ignorant or blind to the fact that if we can improve then we have to try and take that opportunity. That's the thing that we have to be quite disciplined with and stringent with ourselves that if there's somebody there that we think can help this group be even better then we have to do our best to try and add that guy to our group. But like I said before it's not a long list, it's not a half a team to get on. I'm delighting what the players have shown in the last month or so and hopefully that will continue. So we'll just keep in constant dialogue and if there's something we can do I'm sure we'll try to do it. And just finally, I wanted to ask you about Jamie Walker's form of late and how important he's been to this team. Not always played as an eight in his career but it was something that he said after the game on Saturday that he's really enjoying that opportunity. Yeah, I think Jamie's one of those players that you could probably play him at Santa Alfa and they'd do a good job for you. You know what I mean? I think he might get beat in the air a little bit on crosses but I do.  He's flying around, you know, leaving a bit on people sometimes in training but fully committed.  He wants to compete, he wants to be a proper footballer and I love that about him. So I think he's there in that formation at the moment but I think he's a guy with a lot of tools in the box to play football. And I think if you've got that energy, that commitment, that intelligence, then you're opening yourself up to being picked a lot because you're very versatile. But now I've been delighted with Jamie. I think he's getting into the areas that we're encouraging him and Gillie and Clacador and Axe Paterson, all those guys to keep getting those attacking areas because we know the quality they have. But yeah, I've been delighted with Jamie. He's done really well. I think he's one of a group that's done really well and I think they're enjoying how we want to do things. I think whatever challenge we put in training, they're up for it. So I'm sure it will continue because I think he's been really consistent for Bradford as a club and I know about his qualities up in Scotland when I first went up there. So yeah, he's doing really well so hopefully I'm sure it will continue. Thanks, Graeme. Okay. Obviously, with the games coming thick and fast as they are, how do you get the preparation in for the next game when there isn't that much time to do with training and all the usual stuff? Yeah, well look, we focus on the next one. So I'm not here planning the training sessions for the games after Morgan and Stockport and analysing them. I think I try to focus as well, I'll say as much, it's everything on the next challenge. So we're fully focused and concentrated on our game on Friday night against Doncaster and then as soon as that game finishes, park it or try and review it as much as quickly as possible probably by lunchtime next day, it's fully reviewed and then we take what we can that's relevant for the next game and then start the planning ahead. So yeah, you have to learn quite quickly in English but we have to work quickly and sort of efficiently, I think that's the most important word I can use really. But what it is, it's not just me. I've got Mrs and Chris, I've got Matt Truman kind of door, the support staff, the analysts. So we try to park it into little bits where we can all come together and have to plan ready for the next game. So there's a lot of work that goes in but it's not just on my shoulder. Ultimately it's my responsibility but there's a lot of work that goes in by the other boys. They do it really well and they're getting to learn what I need to plan for the next game. So yeah, it's useful. It's been an English game for a long time. You have to be prepared and listen. At the end of the day it's one of them where because of the way we manage and coach we don't change from game to game considering the opposition, we want to get our A game the best it can. It's slight improvements rather than drastic changes. So yeah, it helps to work in that sort of timeframe in between games. As you said it's unlikely given the number of games that everyone's all 11 are going to play the same 11 every game. So presumably that's why the matchday squad becomes important as well and you can then rest the player during the game if you think maybe they're tiring a bit. Yeah, not rest. I don't think that's a word. But I think if they're not up to what the job needs right there and then they're lagging a little bit then we've got good players on the bench who can go and improve the performance or keep it where it is and that's what we've been delighted with. We were talking about it this week. The physical output of the players that we brought on on Saturday vastly made the team jump again. You could see that in the energy they gave us and that's how a squad should work. So it's not about looking after a player. It's looking after the team and looking after the performance. That's what I would say, looking after the result. That's what we would make subs for. But I'm not saying there would definitely be changes. If the same team gets through those four games and it's the same starting team I would say that we've performed well and got good results. Hopefully that is the case. But we also have to understand we've got really good players and we have to protect the performance of the team and if I have to bring somebody out to bring somebody in and vice versa, I will do that. But I'm not looking to do that but I've got to be ready and aware to do that if necessary. But we train away where the players are ready. Whoever comes into the team, they'll be ready to play and that's whatever you play has to understand as well when they're not in the team and they have to be ready to take that opportunity because it could come tomorrow. Presumably, the changes in the back room and the sport side and everything over the last 20-30 years have really helped that side of the game that players are fit to play more games. Yeah, we're fit back in the day as well. Before we had that, you know what I mean? I think there's a lot more knowledge there about things but I think it comes down to the players' motivation and discipline and professionalism more than anything else. As a staff, we've got the expertise, we've got the intelligence to help players but it's only helped the players, we can't make the players. It comes down to that player's personality, his character is disciplined when he's not here because we only have them for a certain amount of time during the day and we can give them a plan and information to do it but it's wherever they take it on board and actually go through it when they're not here. So there's a lot that goes into it but yeah, there's a lot of information out there. Not all of it relevant. Some of it is, some of it isn't. So we try to have a balance about what's important for us and our team and our players and the characters and ultimately I'll be able to speak to a player and knowing his character whether he's ready to go again or not and if they're honest, I think they'll be honest with us about the performance of the team and protecting that. I wouldn't say there any in a better place than we were 20 years ago because I thought we knew how to run about that. Cheers, thanks for having me. Thank you very much. Often you sort of say, you can see as a strength of a team by looking at the bench, names on the bench and you sort of think, do you think when people see Loewykes or Fadain Oliver, Alex Patterson in that group coming on, they're starting to look at this ground for city team and I think they've actually got quite a few tools there. I'd like to think so. I can't talk for other people and how the managers, coaches or whatever see us but I'd like to think that's what I said when I first came in. A lot of the messages I got was, Bravesy big club but I wanted them to say, Bravesy a good team. That's what I wanted people to say and hopefully we've shown that in the last five games but it's still a long way to go for us and we want to prove it at the end of the season when people look back at this year and go, that was a good team, that is a good team so there's still work to do on that side but I think it's more beneficial for the actual players on our team rather than the opposition I think for the 11 at start look at the lads around and changing I'd better be on it because he's a good player, he's a good player and then when they do come on they go, that's a good player coming on to help us win. I think that's how I would see it as a positive rather than what it's saying to the opposition and what it's saying to us as a group of people that we look around and we're respecting each other but we're having each other as players and as people because the character and personality of each individual is a big thing it's not just about the technical abilities of a player it's about how they buy into what the team needs and supporting their teammates and backing them up. Also presumably there's nothing worse comfortable because nobody is pushing for that position whatever saying that I haven't got another number 2 I haven't got another number 9 I haven't got a winger even if the performance level drops there's still more than likely going to be playing the following way. I think I won't put everyone in the number there are individuals that need that stimulus of someone breathing down their neck I think there's a lot of players that don't need it at all that they're competition with themselves and just wanting to win so but it is an aspect there but it's more like injury, suspension and then you're down to no support or no competition but I think if you're a good pro I think you can set your standards but certainly that can be a factor in some players eyes you know throughout football but I think if you're a good pro and you're serious about your job I don't think you need that extra stimulus of competition I think it's I think it's a good place to be and I'm talking about myself as a manager having like I've got decisions made I've got decisions made there but I wouldn't look at every individual and think well he needs that stimulus of somebody competing for him because there are players that there isn't a load of competition only two or three but their performance has still been top notch so that's good for me to see so yeah I think ultimately if you want those players I think ultimately you'll end up not being in the team because clubs are always looking to be a group you know I realised that when I was a player I could have been the only right bag in a club but I never convinced myself that they weren't looking at other right bags to come in you know maybe younger and faster so that's that's that's it but we want competition because I would say the biggest part and me and Chris have spoke about it quite a length here that what we have is we have really high level training sessions you know it's not a load of seniors sort of being young players it's seniors against seniors raising the standards competing with each other for the team and they know they have to be on on their best level even in training to look like a good player and that's where I think the competition has been really good for us to be fair and obviously tomorrow night what sort of game you're expecting from Donnie the game I'm expecting is from us you know what we want to do they said every team in professional level of England has got a good manager a good coach, good players organised analysis all that sort of thing it's really competitive in English football so my expectations are on what my team can produce and what our players the levels they've sort of got to in the recent month can they extend them, can they improve them can they take them higher so before we deal with the opposition it's where can we get to with our performance we know there's good teams that we're going to come up against all the time regardless of where they are in the league or what their last result was we cannot let that come into our into our brain into our psyche that we've won the last five that is not going to win us a game tomorrow I can guarantee that what we've done in the past so we have to make sure that we understand why we've won those games and then repeat and then repeat and that's where our success will come from is our consistency of our mindset so I'd rather focus on our players than the opposition last question obviously I know you're looking at this game itself but Christmas Day is it going to give them as I hope or is it a sort of incentive for them no we've got we've got our structure and I've seen enough of the players and their character and personality not to have to say if this happens you'll get this I want to I want to see one player I want to trust my players I want to give them a plan that's our plan I know they're going to be focused I know they're going to work hard so we've got our structure in place that's for me and my players I don't want to give anything away but I don't I like the players I like treating them like adults and letting them plan ahead letting them understand when they're going to be working when they're going to be at home with their families when they're going to be having GPS sessions because I want to trust them and I want them to understand that that trust comes with responsibility but if they've response them off then they'll take it on to the pitch so yeah is that a good way of getting around that question so no whether we're in training or not the focus and the sacrifices that we have to make over the holiday period is still there and what we do here and what can't be exclusive to what we do at home don't get consistent results if you're going home and not living right so what I've seen and hope continues is players that live right do the right things and prepared to work out when they're here and that's what we have to try and continue