So it's 11.45 local on the 30th of June, and we're on our way. I've just left Falmouth Haven, and heading towards the Manacles Boy, which is the start point really for the first leg, which will take me across the Bay of Biscay, single-handedly, on my Twister. I've currently got my autopilot engaged. It's a TP22 for those who know, and it's running in wind mode. You can see this, so it's following the apparent wind angle. So I've asked it to sail at 55 degrees, gusts, boats rounding up a little bit, and it's approximately keeping 55 degrees of current wind angle. It's pretty good. I guess we're doing four and a half, five knots. Let's have a look. Look, five knots. There it is. A lot of stuff on there. I've really got to simplify that. I've got too much information. There we go. So, 5.1 knots through the water. Probably about five and a half out of it again. Yeah, so there we go. We're on our way. 3.34 o'clock in the morning, and the wind finally came. So now we are romping along at 6.5 knots in 15 knots of wind on a beam reach array. This is why the windward side of the boat is known as to weather, because that's where the weather is. Right over there, it takes stock, maybe even shorten the sails a little. It's spicy. Not terrible. 15 to 20 knots. It's the gusts that get you. The gusts that get you. But the sea is not that bad. I guess that's what? A meter. Maybe a meter and a half is an occasional big one. It soaks everything. We're on the second reef now. In 15 knots of true wind, I'm making 6.1 through the water with a bit of help from the tide. 7.1 over the ground, which is jolly nice. Now I think I'm going to go and have a... Well, I'd like to have a little lie down. I just tried, but I couldn't really. Because basically over there is Wushan. I have no idea what the correct pronunciation of Wussan is, but it's the Brest Peninsula, the furthest west point of that, and a traffic separation scheme just a few miles to the... Well, that's the east of me, which is full of traffic. So I can't really take my eye off the ball for too long at the moment. And even if I do as I just tried to, I just can't. I can't let go. I have to keep coming and having a look. So I guess in four or five hours, I'll be well clear of all of this and on a diverging course from all of the traffic that comes through there. And that will be the time to start my snooze routine, which worked very well last night. It was 20 minutes in the bunk, of which probably two were actually asleep, but the others were resting. And then up, check everything, do a bit of nav, check the IAS. And I'm back in the bunk again for another 20 minutes of snoozing, relaxing. And I managed to do that for maybe three or four hours and probably had a cumulative, I don't know, half an hour of actual sleep, but the rest is fine, getting the rest, even if you're not actually asleep. It refreshes you anyway, just switching off for a while. Yeah, so when I'm clear of all this rubbish, no, it's traffic, then we'll try and do the same again. Oh, see, a bit of bird life, that's it. First time I've seen birds, so I wonder what else is around. Okay, enough for now, bye. So you've got to look out for, it's the fishing boats in a rush to get home with their catch. Luckily my IAS picked him up about an hour ago, so there was a potential. And here we are an hour later, and he seems to be just in aim and strength to cut that bit out. Anyway, he's going to pass me. Things are a little calmer now, winds down to about 12 to 15 knots. That's the asymmetric spinnaker, stroke cruising chute, stroke genica. And yeah, pretty. There's just 12 knots of wind and it's from behind. I'm on a very broad reach, almost running. So you can see with 12 knots, I'm making 4.7 through the water, but it's against the tide now, so over the ground. Just 3.4, but that's better than the 1.2 I had before I decided to go for broke and get this beast up. God help me when the wind picks up and I've got to get it down again. Let's enjoy the moment. Cruising chute and a third reef main to try and balance a little bit for the autopilot. Somewhere over there, there's a couple of fishing boats that I need to look out for. It's day two evening and it never shows up on the camera. But this swell, nice push, this swell is 1 to 2 meters at times. And there's some monsters. I can tell it's 2 meters because when I'm standing up in the cockpit, my eye height is 2 meters. And the swell is such that at times I can't see over the oncoming waves. Therefore, from the bottom to the top of the swell, 2 meters. And it throws this boat around quite a lot when you get one of those on the broad side. So I have to hold on very tight, especially if I'm on deck doing stuff. Yeah, but successful day. You see, you do get thrown around. Successful day. Flew the asymmetric spinnaker in the afternoon. It's a nightmare getting it up and getting it down single-handedly. But we got a shift on and now the wind is such that we're bobbing along at six knots over the ground. Sometimes up to seven. There's a bit of tide that's helping us and making good time. Tomorrow, bisque.


Number one, we talk about chronic inflammation and that most of us somehow think that chronic inflammation in one way or another is driving most of our chronic disease processes in one way or another. And people go, well, where does chronic inflammation come from? I think and many others now think that chronic inflammation is actually coming from leaky gut. And if you had asked me, I think 15 years ago what I thought about leaky gut, I probably would have called it pseudoscience and said, oh, come on, really, there's very little evidence. I think thanks to Alessio Fazzano and others, we now know that leaky gut probably confirms what Hippocrates said 2,500 years ago, that all disease begins in the gut. In fact, Dr. Fazzano from Harvard now has a new paper out saying all disease begins in a leaky gut. And I think he's absolutely right and certainly in our practice, I see that really as one of the major driving forces in chronic inflammation. Now why does that reduce energy? Because 78, 80% of our immune system, as you know, lives in our gut, lives along the lining of the gut. And the immune system is a big time energy hog, an energy burner. And we devote a huge amount of our resources to powering our immune system. And example I use in the book, which I use with my patients constantly, before COVID, there was obviously the flu. And the flu is a virus like COVID. The flu in and of itself is just a protein that our immune system looks at and says, oh my gosh, this is a bad actor. And we've got to mobilize our forces and we've got to be ready to get this guy. So what we do, the flu does not cause you to be aching and have aching pain and just want to lay in bed. The flu does not give you brain fog. The flu does not make you channel surf and not think. Your immune system actually needs all that energy. So what we do is we ration energy, we make ourselves hurt. Our immune system makes ourselves hurt, so we don't move. If our muscles hurt, we don't move.  But if you're using 20% of your energy to think, you're taking away from your immune system. And so imagine that the same thing happens in our gut when we have leaky gut. A huge amount of the energy that we would normally have goes to our immune system in our gut. That's number one. So what you've been saying is quite incredible, which is that a lot of the fatigue that we think may have other causes might start in the gut.  And your immune system goes, ah, what's this? And I better do something about it. It gets very busy and sucks a lot of energy. But it also creates inflammation. And inflammation and fatigue just are neck and neck. That's what the body actually does when you have inflammation. It creates a lot of fatigue. You kind of repair, I guess it's sort of a natural thing. You don't want to stop and not do anything to let your body heal. Like animals, they'll lay down until they get better.  How do people know if they're just like a normal tired or if they have something more severe kind of fatigue? Like what are the warning signs? Well, I think certainly we're seeing, even in a younger and younger and younger patient population, brain fog. I think if you had asked me about brain fog 20 years ago when I first started this area, this was a common complaint in seven-year-olds, eight-year-olds. But now we see it in 20-year-olds and 30-year-olds.  And it's like, I'm really getting old. But, you know, I thought it was just 30. I just don't have my get-up-and-go that I used to have. And this is a warning sign. We're not supposed to have that. We're not supposed to have to be powered by double espressos three times a day and 12 red bulls to get through the day. And I think part of the problem is we've, we've thought that our modern lifestyle, particularly social media, we see everybody happy, happy, happy doing everything wonderfully. And we somehow go, oh, my gosh, that's what I should be like, too. And we have to power through our day. Or I'm a mom with two young kids and, you know, I've got to be there to get them to their 27 events every day. And that's normal to be, you know, fatigued to be not knowing what to do, but it's not normal. And surveys actually show that at least 50% of the population is fatigued or tired at any particular time. And we've accepted that as normal. And it's absolutely not normal. You know, for sure. And on the book, you talk about the seven deadly energy disruptors. And as a functional medicine doctor, I noticed a few missing, but we can talk about those. But I mean, things that I see regularly in my practice, but these are really a great starting list. So tell us about the seven deadly energy disruptors. Yeah, you know, I had seven disruptors in the Plant Paradox book, and I've tweaked that list in terms of energy because I think there's some real mischievous makers that deserve our attention. First of all, antibiotics. We still not only overuse antibiotics to treat things that have no business being treated with antibiotics, such as viral illnesses. We still, unfortunately, practitioners. Any time someone comes in with a sore throat or a cough, the gut sense is to give them broad-spectrum antibiotics. And what none of us realized until recently is that bought broad-spectrum antibiotics kill off not only a bug that we thought we were going to kill, but also our entire gut microbiome. And it may actually take two years to reestablish an entire healthy microbiome after a single round of antibiotics. We had no idea of this dense tropical rainforest that we had in our gut that drove so much of our energy. And we'll talk about that in a little bit. Plus, the antibiotics, as you and I know, are in our food supply, particularly in animals from factory farms. It is still legal for veterinarians to dose entire flocks of chickens or entire herds of animals with the claim that they're treating one sick animal. And still, as long as the veterinarian says that they need it, they still legally can do it. And as you and I know, some of these organic or natural chickens have been tested for antibiotics from certain farms and they may have a 60% antibiotic pickup rate in normal natural chickens that aren't supposed to get any antibiotics. Really, I didn't know that. That's frightening. Yeah, it is actually really frightening. Yeah. Is that because they use them anyway if one animal's sick, they give it to everybody? Right, yeah. Yeah, that was the, there's always loopholes, as you and I unfortunately have learned in laws.  And the vet, there's great vets and great doctors and there's bad vets and bad doctors. If the vet is on the payroll of the big corporation, you see where I'm going. Absolutely. So what are the other seven, the six disruptors? So I think life is safe as rapidly rose to kind of my number two mischief maker of all time. It is a, it's an antibiotic against the earth in my opinion. It was actually patented by Monsanto as an antibiotic initially. And what we didn't know, what you and I didn't know is that yes, it works with this crazy, it works against the chikamate pathway, how plants make protein synthesis. And Monsanto said, don't worry, humans don't use this chikamate pathway, so you're safe, it can't hurt you. What they didn't bother to tell us was the bacteria and fungi use the chikamate pathway so that when you swallow glyphosate, it actually kills off your microbiome rather effectively. Plus recent evidence is that it in itself without any other effect is a gut wall disruptor. It breaks tight junctions. And in one paper, I show that glyphosate actually interferes with mitochondrial function. And that's actually not too hard to believe because mitochondria as your listeners know are actually engulfed ancient bacteria and they actually carry a bacteria signature and they work as a functioning bacteria within all of ourselves. So it's actually was not surprising as I was researching this to find out that in fact, glyphosate affects mitochondrial function. So it's, and it's everywhere. Yeah, I mean, it's on 70% of our agricultural crops. It's the most abundant agrochemical in use today. It's on over 90% of our corn, soy, and cotton, it's kind of scary. It's out there and it's really being looked at from the legal point of view. There's over 14,000 lawsuits pending against the herbicide. And I think, and that's for human effect, but I think what you're speaking to is something really more important, which is its effects on the microbiome of the soil and also the microbiome of humans and they're interconnected. And I think we, we literally are destroying the microbiome of the soil, which fills the organic matter and leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions from loss of soil carbon. And then you've got the microbiome effects on humans, which has all the consequences that you just talked about. Yeah, you're right.  Well, the same thing is true with plants. And plants, as you and I know, have this incredible rich soil microbiome that would normally assist in feeding the plant and allowing the plant to absorb nutrients. And now those of glyphosate and other biocides are soilless dead. And so we can, we could have a plant that looks like bok choy or spinach, but it does not have the nutrients that it used to have. In fact, our soil is so depleted of the common nutrients that we need, like magnesium, for instance, that we don't have a chance. No, it's huge. I mean, and the data on glyphosate is, people don't understand, oh, it's just roundup, it's just on roundup-ready soybeans. It's not. It's been used on 70% of crops and it's 220 million pounds a year. That's used in the United States. I think since 1974, it's 1.6 billion kilograms have been used on crops in the United States alone. And it's on 70 different food crops, including corn, soy, canola. If you have a slice of bread, a bowl of Cheerios, a sushi roll, a plate of pasta, a slice of pizza, a chicken nugget, it's probably got roundup on it. Oh, and it just, you know, it's scary when you look at the work from the environmental working group, your Cheerios has more glyphosate per serving than vitamin D or B12, which actually have to be added to the cereal to enrich it. It's a big problem. And I think you're right, this understanding of its role in the microbiome is really quite important. So you've got antibiotics, glyphosate, and there's more chemicals that are a problem, right? Yeah, I mean, we're surrounded with environmental toxins. You know, one of the favorite old ones was BPA in plastics, and most of BPA has now been banned, but BPS looks to be even more mischievous than BPA. And these are endocrine disruptors, they're hormone disruptors. And one of the things people should realize is that estrogen, for instance, is one of the best fat storage hormones that's ever been invented as any young woman in her teenage years knows that estrogen is designed to make you store fat. And we now have chemicals that mimic estrogen and we're awash in these things. For instance, phthalates, another very important plasticizer, is present in our food wraps, any plastic food wrap. So you may get your organic pastured chicken breast, and if it comes in a shrink wrap plastic, you'll actually pick up phthalates off of that plastic. And one of the really scary things is that there's really scary correlation between boys' penis sizes and the amount of chicken their mother ate during pregnancy, and it's a inverse relationship. That's interesting. So you mentioned my amount of chemicals. And the couples that you haven't mentioned, these are the sort of what we call persistent organic pollutants that are really petrochemical driven from oil derivative things, plastics and so forth. But there's another class, which is heavy metals. And for me, that was the massive driver of fatigue and for many patients. So Mercury led by the two biggest. And how do you think about those? That's a great question. I look at Mercury and lead and cadmium in a great number of my patients. I can tell you that the vast majority of people with high Mercury levels in my practice are dentists and sushi eaters. Dentists, for obvious reasons, sushi eaters, hopefully for obvious reasons. But one thing, yeah, Mercury. One of the interesting things that at least I see is that heavy metals in general are contained in our fat cells. And it's like a tuna, maybe have toxic levels of Mercury. But that tuna is doing perfectly fine because the heavy metals are actually in the fat. It's when people have weight loss that we release those heavy metals from fat. And this was actually demonstrated by Ray Walford in Biosphere two. You and I are probably old enough to remember Biosphere two, the experiment in the Arizona desert where they locked everybody in a geodesic dome for a year to simulate a mission on Mars. And everybody had to grow their own food and produce their own food. And long story short, it was a horrible failure. People lost about 30% of their weight in six months. And one of the findings was that heavy metals and organopesticides went up precipitously, very rapidly and stayed elevated for over a year before they went down. And it was because those heavy metals were there in these participants' fat cells. And we, as you know, have a horrible system for detoxifying heavy metals. Our liver does a horrible job of it. And they're excreted by our liver into our bile thinking that we'll get rid of it through our stool except we're really good at absorbing heavy metals out of our gut. So we actually set up a vicious cycle. So we excreted and then pick it up. And as I talk about in the book, anyone who's actually on a weight loss program really should be supplementing with chlorella and activated charcoal during that time period because they will complex with heavy metals and knock on wood. We've been very effective with those two treatments in bringing down people's heavy metals without the need for chelation.  And I think it's so key. Hey, everybody, it's Dr. Hyman. Thanks for tuning into The Doctor's Pharmacy. I hope you're loving this podcast. It's one of my favorite things to do and introducing you all the experts that I know and I love and that I've learned so much from. And I wanna tell you about something else I'm doing which is called Mark's Picks. It's my weekly newsletter. And in it I share my favorite stuff from foods to supplements to gadgets to tools to enhance your health. It's all the cool stuff that I use and that my team uses to optimize and enhance our health. And I'd love you to sign up for the weekly newsletter. I'll only send it to you once a week on Fridays. Nothing else, I promise. And all you do is go to drhyman.com forward slash picks to sign up. That's drhyman.com forward slash picks P-I-C-K-S and sign up for the newsletter and I'll share with you my favorite stuff that I use to enhance my health and get healthier and better and live younger, longer. Now back to this week's episode. And you also mentioned drugs that disrupt your energy. Yeah. You know, the big driver that I saw in plant paradox was incest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories. These drugs are actually one of the best ways to create leaky gut that anybody ever came up with. And this was known about by the drug companies when they were introduced in the 1970s. In fact, it was so well known that by law you couldn't take these drugs for over two weeks period of time because they were so dangerous with that effect.  And so anytime we produce leaky gut, we produce inflammation. And that inflammation in turn actually produces more pain. And if you have more pain, you'll take more of these drugs and the cycle continues. Yeah, yeah. So one of the things that I really urge people to do is get these seemingly harmless NSAIDs. Ibuprofen, Aleve, Naprison, out of their medicine cabinets. The second group in the same box are the PPI's, the proton pump inhibitors. Yeah, yeah. Now, to take people back to high school biology class, we actually make energy in mitochondria by pumping protons across the mitochondrial membranes. When proton pump inhibitors like Nexium, like Prilosec, like protonics came out, they were a miracle in terms of the treatment of all sorts because we had something to stop stomach acid production. But like any good idea when we then make them easy to obtain for the treatment of heartburn, what we didn't know was that these things were not specific for the proton pumps in the stomach. They affect all proton pumps and proton pumps are what drive mitochondrial function. And when we poison the mitochondria in our heart and specifically poison the mitochondria in our brain with proton pump inhibitors, it's no wonder that congestive heart failure strongly correlates with proton pump inhibitors, inches strongly correlates with proton pump inhibitors, all for the sake of relieving heartburn. So, if you want to poison mitochondria, take a proton pump inhibitor. That's an interesting framework. And we know it inhibits absorption of nutrients and it can affect your GI function and cause your oral bowel and leaky gut, all kinds of problems. But the mitochondrial story is an interesting one that hasn't really been told. And I think it all comes down to mitochondria, which is really what we're talking about in terms of energy, right? All these things affect the mitochondria, which are these little energy factories that take food and oxygen and burn them in your cells for this energy. And all the things you're talking about will have adverse effects, all those chemicals, not only by thickening your microbiome, but also just directly affects on the mitochondria. And the key to really figuring out your energy is healing your mitochondria. And I think some of the shocking data about the microbiome, and I'd love if you could sort of draw this connection a little more, is how the microbiome affects the mitochondria. Because it's really with the subject of your book, I'd love you to sort of maybe tease out a little bit, because it's really all about how does the damage to the microbiome and the adverse metabolic gut compounds influence everything, including hormones or appetite, mood, brain function, weight, energy, but start with the mitochondria. Because the idea is that the gut has all these bacteria and they get out of balance, and then that stuff happens. So what happens? So again, mitochondria are ancient involved bacteria. And they actually talk to their sisters, they got microbiome, which for the most part are bacteria as well. In fact, we inherit our mitochondria from our mother, our dad that doesn't give us any. And we inherit, if things work out okay, our initial microbiome from our mother via birth, and also by being breastfed. Believe it or not, one of the huge benefits of breastfeeding is that a woman's breast milk has huge amounts of bacteria and fungi that are also populating the baby. Okay, so years ago, one of my first times presenting at the World Congress of Microbiota in Paris, I met the director, Marvin Andrez, and he and I were talking, I had a paper on, and he says, you know, I'm gonna tell you something. He said, the microbiome talks to the mitochondria, and my eyes went up and I said, well, how do they do that? And he says, well, we don't know yet, but I'm telling you, we're gonna find out that the microbiome talks to the mitochondria because they're literally sisters.  He says, yeah, they send text messages. Well, lo and behold, Marvin was right because the language, what's called the Trans Kingdom Communication System of how the microbiome talks to mitochondria and to our DNA was discovered. And it's as big a discovery as the enigma code discovery in World War II, the German code. So what that discovery was is the discovery of postbiotics. And postbiotics, everybody knows probiotics, friendly bacteria. Most people are learning prebiotics, which are the fibers that friendly bacteria need to eat. But when those bacteria eat those fibers, they produce either short chain fatty acids like acetate and butyrate, but more importantly, they produce gases and they're called gasso messengers or gasso transmitters. And it's these messaging system that's now been discovered that actually talks, actually tells mitochondria what to do, whether to make more energy when things are good or whether to throttle back because things are bad down in the engine room. And the whole discovery is just like a holy cow. We are this incredible symbiotic organism. I mean, for instance, the Nobel Prize for discovering how nitric oxide works and where it came from was awarded in 1998. And for years in cardiac surgery and cardiology, we knew what nitric oxide did, but we didn't know how it did it. But nitric oxide is a gasso messenger. But here's something really wild. So hydrogen gas is a gasso messenger. And part of the fermentation process of bacteria eating fiber is to produce hydrogen gas. And hydrogen gas is the world's smallest molecule and it diffuses right across our gut wall. And one of the shocking things as I was researching this is if you look at patients with Parkinson's disease, they have a microbiome that does not make hydrogen gas, whereas people who don't have Parkinson's disease have a microbiome that produce hydrogen gas. And you can give patients with Parkinson's disease hydrogen water. And that's the water that has hydrogen dissolved in it. And they will symptomally improve once they consistently start taking hydrogen water. And so as I joke in the book, in Boy Scouts, what we used to do, we'd eat beans on the camping trip and we'd have big lighters and we'd actually literally light our farts with this blue flame. I've seen that happen at a campfire a couple of times. Yeah, exactly. Yeah, and that's hydrogen gas. And little did we know. So methane too, maybe, I don't know. Exactly, well it turns out that's actually a gasso messenger as well as hydrogen sulfide that rotten eggs know.  But we now know that the effect of hydrogen sulfide is that of a hormetic agent.  So that no hydrogen sulfide is not good, a little hydrogen sulfide is good, a lot of hydrogen sulfide will kill you. So a little dab will do you of these things. And so getting back to your original question, the more we feed our microbiome, the foods that they can make these literally text messages that tell your mitochondria to produce energy, the better off we are. And again, you look at a tribe like the Hanzes who date about 165 grams of fiber a day. If we're lucky, the average American may eat 20, probably not, but they're a what? I think it's eight is the average American. Yeah, I think if we're lucky, if we're lucky. And half of the fiber weed is actually insoluble fiber, which is actually really bad for you in a lot of ways. So the long story short, we are so deprived of the energy producing compounds that are available to all of us if we'll just feed the microbiome what they need. And that's a big part of the book. So a lot of the key is fixing your gut to get your energy back. The second key is we are overfed and underpowered. And what the heck does that mean? We in general, Americans eat nearly 16 hours a day, almost continuously from sunup until well after sundown. And we have what's called mitochondrial rush hour, which living in LA is easy to understand, but simplistically, our mitochondria can handle sugars, fats and proteins. And we use a slightly different system for making energy from sugar, from fat and from protein. And in the good old days, when we ate whole food, like you advocate and I advocate, these different components, sugars would arrive first into mitochondria. They'd be followed by protein sometimes later. And a long time later, they'd be followed by fats. And mitochondria have, if you will, basically a freeway, an energy producing freeway. Now, when these things arrive in a staggered fashion, a freeway moves great. But what happens is with our Martin diet, with processed foods, with ultra processed foods, we have combined simple sugars, simple proteins, and easily absorbed fats that hit our mitochondria simultaneously. And the mitochondria actually can't handle all these. So we actually have stagnation in the energy producing highways. And we have systems on freeways, okay, we're gonna have traffic lights that's gonna control the onslaught of all this, but we get mitochondrial gridlock. And I use the example, so okay, let's have breakfast at seven o'clock in the morning. All of a sudden you're slamming with all three of these components and your mitochondria literally go into gridlock for two or three hours. You begin to get sleepy at 10 o'clock and you say, oh, I need a little pick me up. I'll have a donut and a cup of coffee. And once again, traffic gets slammed. By that time it's lunch, we slam it again. And so this process of gridlock really never stops until we go to sleep. And even after we go to sleep, there's still two to three hours of backup, if you will, on the mitochondrial freeways. So our mitochondria is really never have a chance. And in researching this book and trying this out on my patients, one of the things that was dramatic was that if I could lessen the period of time that you're asking mitochondria to handle food, the better off you're going to be because they have a chance to recover and heal themselves, if you will. And that gets into part two of the book. How do you put this into practice? So your book is quite extensive and it really goes into detail about a lot of these unusual compounds that come from a disturbed microbiome that have broad spectrum challenges in the body. And this is what we've been doing in functional medicine for decades. It's really the foundation of my practice. It's really the key to getting people healthy. And I sort of agree with you that a lot of the beginning and the end of health starts in the gut. And it's really always the first place we start with food and gut repair in functional medicine. But you talk about the plan of how do you do this? What are the dos and don'ts of the energy paradox when it comes to eating? Well, first of all, the more, and you and I I think would agree complete with this, the more you stay away from processed foods, from ultra processed foods, that's really the fundamental starting point. The more you actually use whole foods and literally foods in their whole stay, the better off you're going to be. Number two, I can't resist telling people to get lectin containing foods out of their diet. Lectins are part of the plant defense system against being eaten or having their seeds being eaten. And these are proteins that Dr. Fasano and others have shown, disrupt the gut wall. And they in themselves are antigens that in my original line of work, heart disease attract inflammation to the wall of blood vessels. And so there are a nasty bunch of compounds and they're in so many of our favorite foods, such as whole grains. The nice thing about beans is beans are loaded with lectins, but pressure cooking and soaking beans and fermenting beans actually eliminates the lectin problem. So there's- Would the pressure cooking grains do the same thing? Great question. Pressure cooking will not break the gluten in wheat barley or rye. Gluten resists pressure cooking. There is a gluten-like protein in oats that also resists pressure cooking. And I can't tell you the number of people who have gone on a gluten-free diet with autoimmune diseases with celiac who are not cured, they still have celiac because the foods that they're eating, like oats, like corn, are loaded with lectins. And just recently I had a gentleman who we, I don't like to use the word cured of rheumatoid arthritis, but his markers vanish by following our program. And then he was a snowbird and he came back this winter and his rheumatoid arthritis, one of his RA markers was elevated for the first time in like four years. And he said, you've been cheating. He said, no, no, no, are you kidding? I wouldn't do that. And I said, well, something's getting into your diet. I said, what do you have for breakfast?  I've been on a pressure-cooked oatmeal-cooked kick. Every morning I have a bowl of pressure cookouts. And I said, wait a minute, you can't do that. It's on your list. You can't pressure cookouts. And you would pull out the list. He said, oh, oh no, that's the change. And so we took it out. A month later his RA was back to normal. Yeah, absolutely, I see that so often. Yeah, I see that so often. So getting out lectins, eating whole foods, any other sort of key dietary dos and don'ts? Yeah, so one of the, I think the shocking benefit of time-controlled eating, and that is limiting the amount of time during the day that you consume food is probably one of the number one fixes in our current energy crisis. And it seems almost contradictory, a paradoxical, if you will, the more you kind of snack throughout the day, the actual harder it is for your mitochondria to make energy. And the more you live it. I think you have to eat to get energy, but what you're saying is if you stop eating, you actually are better at at the end of the day making more energy. Yeah, that's exactly right. To give you an example, we're actually supposed to have significant downtime for repair work, for repair work for our brains, repair work for our mitochondria. And that would normally have happened because we were sunlight creatures and we were controlled by sun. And we'd get up when the sun came out and we'd basically go to bed when the sun went down. And even the advent of fire 150,000 years ago, we were still exposed to orange light, red light, and we certainly weren't exposed to blue light. So we still had a limited period of eating. And the evidence is if we have a 12 hour window of no eating, which is really easy if you think about it, that's 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. That's a 12 hour eating window and you'd have from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. of not eating. We begin to shift into mitochondrial repair. And what's really exciting is, the more you go beyond 12 hours, the better the repair work goes. Let me give you an example. There's not a lot of repair work done on LA freeways during the day because the traffic is so bad. I drive into LA very early in the morning or to Palm Springs very early in the morning from Santa Barbara. And that's when the repair work's going out cause, there is much traffic on the road. Well, our mitochondria do the same thing. If they're doing work, they have no time to repair. And it's the repair of mitochondria, undoing the damage of our eating that actually allows mitochondria to get back to full power. So the more we can limit the time period that people eat, the better. Now, the first thing we don't wanna have people do is, okay, what Dr. Gundry says tomorrow morning, my first break fast is going to be at noon. I'm gonna hold off break fast until noon. And I can tell you that 80% of your listeners and my listeners will fall flat on their faces because 80% of Americans are insulin resistant. And with insulin resistance that's in the book too, you can't use free fatty acids, fat as a fuel. You can't, you can't get to them. And so you gotta build up slowly and tolerance. And we have a six week program of holding people by the hand and changing when they eat breakfast one hour at a time so that we're going to stepwise because people fall flat on their faces with attempting intermittent fasting because they don't have the availability to mitochondrial flexibility of changing fat metabolism. So you talked about a lot of other things that are really important parts of insulin energy, including exercise, packing, sun exposure, avoiding blue light, which ruins our circadian rhythms and even getting a dog. And can you talk a little bit about those things before we have to wrap up the podcast? Yeah, I mentioned that blue light from our devices, from our lights, we are constantly being exposed to blue light. And blue light is really detrimental to almost all of our functioning, including our mitochondria.  And I think one of the most important things people can do is two things, be exposed to red light at sunrise or sunset. If you're gonna take walks, that's the time to do it. If you can't get exposed to red light, get yourself a red light box. There's a number of red light near infrared light makers. I particularly use a juve device, but there's plenty of other ones. And expose yourself to red light. Interesting, one of the things I've learned, which I found hard to believe, but we actually produce ATP from melanin exposure from natural sunlight. And so we do photosynthesis exactly like a plant. And it may be why fundamentally we want to be outdoors, we want to be at the beach, we want to be exposed to sunlight. And it may be that we're far more attuned to what sunlight is actually doing for us at a basic level than we thought. Plus, there's really cool evidence that sunlight actually activates mitochondria. And it changes the way water moves in mitochondria, but that's a whole other subject. So why get a dog, two reasons. I'm a big fan in the book of exercise snacking. And there's really good evidence that walking upstairs for a minute may, up and downstairs for a minute, may have the same effect on your mitochondrial function through the production of myokines from our muscle cells as 20, 30 minutes of walking on a treadmill. And the effect of five minutes is even more. So why get a dog? Dogs are gonna have to go out at least twice a day. And dogs will take you for a walk. The other thing about dogs is the evidence is overwhelming that people who have dogs have a much healthier and diverse microbiome than people who have dogs.  If you found this video helpful, I think you're gonna love this one. Would you please tell people why breakfast is not the most important meal of the day? Well, I've found, at least for myself, and I assume I'm an average person.


being global agenda. It's happening in every country. Everything that's happening here in this country is happening everywhere else as well, it seems. The amount of rubbish still threw out of cars is unreal. You can see this greatly when out for a walk or run. I often feel like contacting the council for a picker and a bag, but once I return home, I totally forget about it until I'm back out again. Hi, Greg. You're right about signage. It should help, but why don't the council guard have put a simple trail cam in these beauty spots? It'll only activate when triggered, so it could sit there for weeks without needed servicing. When they would have footage of potential car registrations and all faces of perpetrators, it's an old brainer, I think. Yes, it seems so. Hi, Greg. Could you have a conversation about the figures out today on threatening behaviour from partners? I'm so shocked about the actual numbers. Me too. We talk about that issue all the time and we'll certainly return to those figures. We had planned to, but the gas fell through. And it was only towards the end of the programme yesterday and that's why important, you tune in through the whole show, where we were actually talking about the five warning signs in a relationship, the five red flags, which does also fall under the same, under the same. So even as recently as yesterday, we were talking about this stuff. It's very important and it's something that we are very passionate about on this programme in terms of highlighting. So we will be returning to that very soon. Greg, would Highland Radio get behind the signs? Let's make Donegal beautiful. Indeed, yeah. I'm not sure how. In terms of if we can use this programme, I'd be all forward, of course, as you've heard. Right, okay. We want to speak now to Professor Bobby Smith, who's a consultant child and adolescent psychiatrist and clinical professor at the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin. Professor, very good morning to you. Thanks for joining us. Good morning, Greg. Thanks for being on with us. Okay, we want to talk about cannabis. And I think a lot of people have a very casual attitude towards cannabis. I don't mean cannabis users, but generally in society. And a lot of the time, the way I notice that is if we post a story on this, our website, or you'll see it on others, and it's about a cannabis seizure, the reaction is often of humour. You know, people will say, I've liked and shared or whatever. Do you know what to mean? It's something I can see the humour in that don't get me wrong. But it's not something you might see if it was a hard or drug. Let me put it like that there. And I think that's just one slight sort of indication of the nation's view to cannabis. What's your view? How do you see it from your perspective? I think you're right in that perception that there is this growing normalisation and acceptance of cannabis use. And this view that it's pretty harmless. And I guess that really worries me as a doctor because I see the ugly side of cannabis. I see the damage it can do. I see the negative impact it can have on young lives in particular. So I work in adolescent addiction services, mainly based in Dublin, but cannabis is very much the dominant drug generating demand for our services. And before we speak about that, can I put it to you, Bobby, like this? I think even often people will instantly compare as an argument cannabis to alcohol. And alcohol is legal, of course. And is this tricky for someone like yourself? Because if we look at what they've done in Canada recently, and I'm sure there's plenty of people in healthcare in this country would like to see the same, whereby the message is not a certain amount of drink is safe to drink, that it is that you are putting yourself at greater risk if you drink. There is no self-limit. But whilst we have this acceptance of alcohol use, is it then always difficult to make the argument as it relates to cannabis? Because people will instantly compare and contrast? Yeah. I mean, at the end of the day, alcohol is another drug, right? It's one that for historical reasons largely has found itself legalized and regulated, but it causes a staggering amount of harm across society. One and a half thousand people die every year as a result of their alcohol use. So it's not necessarily a brilliant model to look to replicate in terms of how we might choose to regulate other substances. And my observation of what's happening in Canada and in many states in the United States is that use is escalating, harms are escalating. So it's just a way of making a problem worse as opposed to sorting it out. Yeah. Now we can see the problem with cannabis in this country, and particularly amongst young people, because we've got stats and they don't catch it all either. So what is the picture as you see in terms of cannabis use focusing on our country or nationally, whichever you prefer, Professor? Yeah. Well, I suppose our group has begun looking at the individual counties, you know, because this does seem to be a national issue. There's a tendency to view drug problems as an urban issue, but we know cannabis problems are causing, cropping up everywhere. So we looked at the data for Donnie Gull and found that there's over one person a week seeking out addiction treatment for a cannabis problem in County Donnie Gull over the last five years, and that the numbers seeking treatment have doubled over the last 10 years. And that really is reflective of what we're seeing across Ireland. So it's an indication that certainly for some people who use cannabis, and we'd estimate that about maybe one in five people who use cannabis regularly will develop an addiction upon it. And then some of those will eventually seek out treatment. So it's the tip of the iceberg, I suppose, but an indication of the fact that it is genuinely causing problems for some people. And it's not a drug to have a casual attitude towards. How does an addiction to cannabis manifest itself? Like what do you see? Or what does the, how is it impacting on a person's life? I think it's clearer to maybe understand, and I'm going to make the drink comparison now, you know, of an alcoholic. It's there often, albeit people can be functioning alcoholics. But what do you see in what is a cannabis addiction? To be honest with you, Greg, it's very much the same as an alcohol addiction. You know, it's with any addiction, I suppose what we're really describing in simple terms is someone has lost control of their relationship with this substance. It's the substances more in charge of them than they are in charge of it. More and more of their time is spent using the substance for covering from its effects. Even when they're not using the substance or figuring out, you know, when's the next opportunity I can and that distracts them from participating in work and education and in relationships and hobbies and interests, those external factors or external activities diminish over time and substance use, whatever the chosen substance is just escalates. And that's the pattern I suppose we're seeing with the young people with cannabis problems as well. And we also know because of the dive into the statistics here, they're most likely to be male, the most likely to be living at home and the most likely to be unemployed. Now, would that group be inclined to seek out cannabis or is it the excessive cannabis uses leading that type of to that type of sort of demographic or that lifestyle? It's possibly a little bit of both. We know that males are a little bit more likely to use cannabis and then among people who use cannabis, it's the males more than the females who are more likely to run into problems with it. And we know that people who smoke a lot of cannabis, as with anyone who sort of maybe moving towards any addiction issue, it's harder to maintain your place in education or in the workforce and people are more likely to fall out of it and as that sort of substance use escalates and grows. So what are the harms the risk factors in cannabis use? Because I think, you know, you and your colleagues want to use opportunities like this to get that message out because it does have a rosy reputation, I think, amongst the public. Yeah, unfortunately. Yeah, the group I worry, or the group that we worry most about as doctors, I suppose, are teenagers and young adults. The human brain continues to sort of develop up until really the early mid-20s and the brain's natural cannabinoid system seems to play part of a role in directing and organizing that brain remodeling process. And the concern is that external cannabis use sort of can derail or hijack that process and there is evidence now from brain scan research that people use a lot of cannabis, their brains end up different. And as a psychiatrist, I suppose, one of the big worries is that that can then manifest itself in terms of mental health problems, in terms of loss of IQ or some cognitive issues. And probably the massive concern that we have as psychiatrists doesn't happen terribly often, but when it happens, it's particularly tragic is where people develop sort of psychotic illnesses, which is the most severe form of mental health problem. Yeah, and as I said earlier on, this is all not necessarily reflected in these figures either. A lot of problems that might be out there, we probably aren't connecting to cannabis use. So maybe we don't have the full, we've got a good picture, but we don't have the full picture. Yeah, and that's probably any sort of data source. It gives you one particular perspective. But certainly there's certainly been a lack of conversation we would feel about the harms and downsides of cannabis. We know it's not the worst drug in the world, but we'd encourage people to avoid using it, particularly young people, but where people do choose to use it, it needs to be treated with respect. You wouldn't sort of start drinking alcohol from first thing in the morning and drink away till nighttime and do that seven days a week and expect to get away with it. Unfortunately, some young people do smoke cannabis that way, and they seem then surprised at the fact that they end up dependent upon it. It's been, I've said it on this program on numerous occasions, so I'm not just waffling up the top of my head. I just think sometimes we need a bit of joined up thinking. In that safe, for instance, we introduce an awful lot of measures as it relates to alcohol misuse, a minimum use, minimum unit pricing, for example. But there's a consequence to everything. And I was just concerned at that time, and I put it to a minister on this program, that inevitably, you know, if you make one drug more expensive or less attainable, people will go to alternatives or are those that supply alternatives that will see an opening in the market. I would just love us when we take approach, and a certain approach to one drug, that we also are aware that there could be consequences so that we have sort of, you know, multi-pronged approaches to things. Yeah, I suppose as a society, we need to just review our relationship with just intoxication generally. As a culture, we tend to, we have historically certainly tended to celebrate intoxication and view it as an essential part of the weekend, albeit for most of us, we confine it to alcohol. And given the growing menu of substances that are out there, you know, that there has been an increase in cocaine use and cocaine addiction as well. That's young, some young people are choosing to take advantage of that growing menu of intoxicating substances. I suppose we just want people to be more aware of the hazards linked to those substances and while people seem generally clued into the, you know, the risk with cocaine, there's I think a lack of understanding, a lack of respect for the harms that cannabis can cause. Yeah, and one of the challenges and one of the things you have to counteract, and I'm not saying they're doing it intentionally, but there's a, you know, a few highly respected, high profile people that promote cannabis use without any recognition that, you know, excessive use of anything can be really, really harmful. But that's put to the, that's put to the wayside. So really, if you're young and easily influenced, all you are seeing is this person that you might look up to saying, yes, let's legalize cannabis, it's perfectly safe. You know, it's better than booze. That's the only message you're hearing. And it's not really being countered, I don't think you're doing it today. But you know what I mean? Yeah, certainly we're trying to counter it, but we're swimming against the tide of big money and influence, you know, and there is a global movement to normalize and increase cannabis use. There's people that are not a lot of money who are driving that agenda, including sort of investment firms. The alcohol and tobacco industry have moved in to invest in the emerging cannabis industry in Canada. They're very keen to grow their market in Europe. Many celebrities, certainly in the States and Canada have endorsed cannabis products and are using their celebrity to push and normalize this. I suppose as a doctor who deals with addiction issues, I'm just worried that the more we normalize and accept growing range of substances as integral to regular day-to-day living, the more addiction I'm going to end up seeing, the more young lives I'm going to end up seeing destroyed. And listen, it's only a couple of days ago. We got a couple of messages from desperate parents whose children have easy access to drugs. You know, they can get them anywhere effectively in a rural area, as you quite rightly pointed out. And their personality has changed. You've gone from, you know, being this person, a lovely member of the family and what have you to start and taking drugs, not hard drugs necessarily either, to be a completely different person, a person that can disappear on a Thursday evening and not return to a Sunday evening, unrecognizable in that family space. That was two people that decided to text us, you know, what three to four percent of people will contact a radio station in their lifetime. You know, it's not hard to say that this is just the tip of an iceberg out there. Yeah, I think that's the case also with the addiction treatment data. We'd reckon that it is actually only one in every 20 people with a problem actually seeks treatment or accesses treatment. And that impact on families is a big part of the story as well, particularly, you know, again, we work with teenagers, so we view families as central to the treatment provision process. And one of the things we've been really struck by for young people addicted to cannabis is the anger and aggression that parents report and experience at home, because it's not something that we tend to associate with cannabis. I'm sure there's people listening who might be in their 40s or 50s who might have smoked a bit of cannabis back when they were in their 20s. And we tended to associate it more with a chill out calming effect, but that's absolutely not what these what parents are describing in terms of their sons and daughters. Cannabis withdrawals seem to be associated with a huge amount of irritability, short temperedness, and that can manifest itself in a lot of hostility and anger in the home. I'm not going to I mean, obviously, the debate is ongoing about the legalization of certain drugs. So I'm not going to ask you whether you think they should or not be legalized, but I might phrase it a different way. In terms of the work that you and your colleagues are doing in treatment, would it be easier or more difficult? I wonder if some of these drugs were at least decriminalized, you know, regularized. Do you think that would you would be dealing with more people or less people? I think we would deal with more people, certainly if they're legalized. Decriminalized is a term that gets thrown around a lot. I think most people are very confused by what it means. Decriminalized, the classic case of decriminalization that people tend to refer to as Portugal. So drug use is prohibited in Portugal. But if you're caught using it, you won't find yourself in front of the judge or in a court. So in other words, it's a little bit like driving your car without your seatbelt on.  You will, though, pay a fine. And that's what decriminalization means. We could look at moving in that direction, I think, in terms of drug use. And I mean all drugs. Look at some alternative sanction rather than sending people into courts, which in truth, we actually don't do it every often anyway. But we could look at an alternative sanction that might actually be more have less downstream impacts for those who find themselves getting the conviction, but actually it might be more widely used and could, in theory, be more effective deterrent. And finally, and I appreciate your time, Professor, you mentioned cocaine use. But our focus for the purpose of this interview was cannabis, but I might just widen out slightly. Are we seeing or do we have data as it relates to cocaine use? Is cocaine use now more common? As you say, it's not urban, it's right across the board. I know we get a lot of contacts in here to say that cocaine is very, very easily acceptable and a lot of people are using it. Do you believe that to be the case? Yeah, there's certainly all the data indicates escalation in cocaine use really since the economic recovery. Cocaine seems to be really tightly linked to the amount of money in people's pockets. And people have more money, they tend to get more cocaine use. So in fact, actually in the last year, you might anticipate it could have gone downwards given the pressures were all under at the moment. But yeah, the data up until 2021 was indicating that that cocaine was trending upwards both in terms of hospital related presentations and addiction episodes, albeit still behind cannabis as a driver of demand for addiction treatment in places like Donegal in the younger adult age range. And very, very finally, you know, if we knew everything we knew now about cigarettes, but they weren't legal, would you be debating on the radio whether or not they should be made legal or not? Of course you wouldn't, because we know the terrible impact it can have on people's health and what have you as a health professional, then do you sometimes think, are they actually really having a conversation about whether or not we should make these drugs for which we know how harmful they are to both, you know, mental and physical health that they're actually in 2023 having a debate on whether or not we should make these legal. Is it a bit of a headscratcher for you to use that sort of smoking analogy? Yeah, no, absolutely. Like our two legal drugs, smoking and alcohol, cause absolute devastation in terms of the health harms. And we are where we are with both of those substances. And I guess we're making, we've made a lot of progress actually with smoking and young people, although I do worry about the emergence of vaping in the last while, but that's a different conversation. But we've done well in terms of smoking. With alcohol I think things are moving slowly actually in the right direction, but we can do a lot more. And with regard to drugs, we're in a different space in terms of policy, but we need to, I think we need to move back towards talking about prevention. We definitely need to do more in terms of treatment. But legalization for me is just going to make things worse. And you mentioned vaping, we've been contacted by parents that have to go into shops, get fakes for their children because they can't live with them. Otherwise, because the addiction is still strong. But as you say, that's a conversation for another day. And I appreciate all your time. Professor Bobby Swift, take care of yourself. Thanks, Greg. All right, bye-bye. I'll wait 60, 25,000 your views on that conversation. Watch the show live now on YouTube, Facebook and at HighlandRadio.com. The Ninetal Noon Show is brought to you by Letter Kenny Credit Union. Digital loans now available. Apply online or via our app today and get your loan transfer directly to your current account. The great value menu at Kelly's Diner in Letter Kenny is packed full of family favourites. Try one of the famous Jake's Burgers, a mouth-watering pancake stack or an all-day breakfast. Bring a friend or bring all the family and enjoy the midterm kid's deal for just $6.50 with free ice cream to top it all off. Great food and great value at Kelly's award-winning diner, Mountain Top Letter Kenny. Are you ready to experience something extraordinary? Cultural gyms in Croatia, ancient temples in Asia, art in Italy, anything and everything is possible with travel department. Pick a destination and a date and we'll take care of everything, flights, accommodation, excursions, expert local guides and all that planning. For guided group tours to dream destinations booked today at traveldepartment.com. I've shown and operated for over 25 years. Travel department, let's see more. 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He joins us on the program. Now, Mark, thanks so much for your time this morning. Good day to you. Good day to you, Greg. How are you? Good. I'm good, right? You've been writing recently about amateur detectives descending on the Lancashire village of St Michael's on Weir, where Nicola Beaulieu... It's Beaulieu, isn't it? Vanished very two and a half weeks ago. Bully, I think it is, sorry. Two and a half weeks ago. Talk to us about what you're seeing. Well, the case obviously is one that's fascinating the public, isn't it, Mark? Yeah, look, it's a real-life crime mystery. I mean, nobody knows what happened to Nicola Beaulieu. What happened was on Friday, January 27th, she put the dog in a boot of her car and she put her two young daughters in the back seat and she drove three miles to the local school in St Michael's on Weir, a little village in Lancashire, about half an hour east of Blackpool, inland from Blackpool. She dropped the kids off at school and she walked over a bridge. She turned right down a little river side pathway and phone data puts her near a sort of a riverside bench at about 20 past nine in the morning and she hasn't been seen since. Her phone was found on the bench, the dog's lead was found, or dog's harness was found halfway down the river bank, the dog was found agitated on the river bank, but nobody has seen Nicola Beaulieu since and the police haven't been able to find any trace of her and it's turned into this massive mystery that has absolutely gripped Britain and has become a social media sensation and much to the distress, I think, of people in St Michael's on Weir and it's also crossed over MDRC, I mean there's huge interest in the story in Ireland and so, you know, real detectives are now seen to be sort of vying with amateur detectives, amateur sleuths who have descended upon St Michael's on Weir to try and solve this case as if it's some sort of a real-life Netflix drama. Yeah and I think you're referencing there Don't F with Cats and a few others and I mean what's their motivation? Obviously there's a lot of clicks and likes and plays, so how does it manifest itself? Like what's been seen on the ground Mark with the descendant, with these amateur sleuths landing? Well I suppose they fall into two categories and I guess in one category, one category is less harmless, you have I suppose you'd probably call them grief tourists, I was up there all weekend and you had people, families, people with their kids all showing up and walking the route that Nicola Bully walked, going down to the bench where her phone was found, still logged into a team's call that phone was found and I think a lot of people found the details about relatable and they see something in the news and they want to be part of it, they want to see it, the police hadn't cordoned the area off because and they're not sure yet if a crime has been committed that I think she might have fallen into the river. The second category is TikTokers and video suits, people making content for social media, coming down and barging into police presentations and harassing locals, breaking into sheds, pulling open the doors of sheds, shining license or wondering if Nicola Bully has been held there and it's really caused, it's really the village of St. Michael's on wire which only has a population of about 400 and seems that it feels under siege, so it has turned into this circus, a social media circus and a mainstream media circus too, I mean look I was there as a journalist in the River Mainstream Journalist there and you know I mean some of the TikTokers might say well look we're just doing the same as you and I suppose at the bottom of this you still have a family looking for a missing woman and nobody knows where she is and nobody knows if she'll be found, when she'll be found and what happened to her and it's just this awful, awful situation for the family and also for the people of St. Michael's on wire. And where does it go from here because we're going to see more of this, I mean if it's not out there already people will think there's something going on here, the legacy media, you know the terminology that's put out there, rinka hoots with the police or whatever it might be and they'll feel that it'll explode, they'll say you know we're a citizen's journalist, we're going to have to expose the truth, you know I mean we're going to see more and more and more of this going forward and then I suppose Mark when you sort of you know come out and call it out people are going to say oh well you would say that because you'll part of it and we're here to expose you know yourself and the conversation goes around in circles so where does it go from here then I wonder. But look it's hard to know and sometimes there's no argument with social media and there's no logic to a lot of the stuff that's happening here and I mean for example you know I was on Friday night I walked out of the local village pub, I was in Chattanooga, the local village pub was called Drapes and I walked across the car park and two dog handlers emerged from the gloom with assasins and I thought maybe they were police looking for Nicola Bully, it turns out they were private security guards and who have volunteered to protect the village from some of these army of social media students who descended upon the place so look I don't know where they go from here but what's happening at the moment as the search is continuing for Nicola Bully, the police are working on a theory that she fell into the river now look it does seem and you know I mean there's no evidence for that and her family don't believe that that's what happened and a lot of people in the village don't believe that that's what's happened but there's also no evidence for anything else so the search is continuing it's on the media and wall to wall coverage of this case and over here in Britain and on social media wild theories and I'm sure all of that will continue until there's some sort of a resolution and until then it's become this big media monster that needs to be fed yeah and of course then those who might ordinarily in the local community are going to get caught up on that and some will be drawn to one theory other and then it just causes it probably end up causing division and what have you finally Mike what do the police have the police recognized this as an an issue if they said anything about the all these you know probably they probably mean well but you know what what of the what are the police saying? See some of them mean well and I think some of them are just there and to get eyeballs for social media and the police have told people not to interfere in the investigation not to engage in wild theories online and last weekend when I was up there they also issued what's called a dispersal order it gave the police the powers to break up any groups of people who were causing a breach to peace or you know groups of people going around I mean for example there had been people you know you know turning up in locals back gardens and trying their sheds and looking in their windows and so on and so the police and the police aren't happy about it I suppose it's difficult for Nicola Bulley's family and her partner Paul Ansell and who who has appealed for help to search the land and that's using his phrase he wants every inch of it searched he says but at the same time I mean you know there has been wild theories online and stuff and I'm sure he reads that and what he's trying to do also is protect their two young daughters and so look it's a very very difficult situation it's something that I think a lot of people you know has resonance for a lot of people in Ireland we've had a lot of women disappearances in Ireland over the years and this is the story in Britain at the moment and everybody's glued to this and a lot of that footage will end up on mainstream Netflix or Amazon or Disney's puzzle whoever decides to make a three-parter out of it and and that feeds it as well and on we go all right listen Mark thank you so much for your input I really appreciate it take care of yourself that's Mark Paul and I've read it goes to show my uncertainty over a Nicola Bulley's surname there I've read quite an awful lot about this case but I don't watch TV news and I hadn't heard her name pronounced and therein lies why I got mixed up there I just hope the situation is resolved for the family's sake as well all right any input into that 08 660 25 thousand what's apps and text that number or give us a call and 07 491 25 thousand Greg while you're on the subject why don't you highlight that a lot of people are taking cocaine as a substance to lose weight understand if you don't read it out as this may not be suitable for your show listeners no it's fine yeah as we heard from the professor a lot of people are using cocaine I'm not sure if it's specifically because there's quite a buzz off it apparently I'm not really quite sure it would be used solely for losing weight because you know it'd be like getting drunk to lose weight it wouldn't really be practical I'm not saying it doesn't happen by the way and you know it probably suppresses appetite and all but you know there is a buzz that goes with it a high that goes with it so as to be used solely as a weight loss maybe I'm being naive here I think it might be an excuse but the reason all litter wardens should have the following signs where they're working and on their hives tops picking up their dirty habit litter litter litter okay it's the goddess state she accomplished job to be out and about and catch these careless folks also it should be a public service collecting household waste look at I mean you know people of wing mirrors and stuff in cars I don't think I don't I people wait till there's a gap in the traffic you know I don't think really a lot of these people that are chucking stuff out of the cars even do it in front of regular cars you know they'll wait till it's quiet and do it I'm not saying exclusively but I don't think the guards even with all the patrols in the world unless they sit at these spots are gonna stop it but certainly if they can't if they find out who it is you know pursue them but I don't think even more got a patrols is the solution with respect my neighbors do not put my neighbors do not put out a bin they burn burn burn can't open my windows on a good day with the smell if it was me their daughter uh been knocking on my door about the environment okay so they don't put out a bin and they can smell the rubbish being burned all the while can I say a massive thank you to the gentleman who helped me yesterday in letter Kenny I was traveling for an appointment to the hospital but with the road works the road I usually take was blocked and it left me very confused he says here follow me and he drove to the hospital in front of me a massive thank you well done sir well done that's a lovely thing there that person obviously we've been stressed up to Haidou and you helped them out um I be in Derry all the time I never see children running about in gangs like they are in another area um okay I will be back with more after these the 90 noon show with letter Kenny credit union now offering mortgages from 40 000 to 600 000 euro with no hidden fees or transaction charges letter Kenny credit union 9102127 stop highland radio are going to Scotland from monday the first of may to thursday the fourth of may with the very best of music and we would love for you to join us stay in at the four star crown classical talent Glasgow we are bringing with us some of the biggest country stars including myself David James Declan Ernie and Robert Moselle to name a few you will enjoy luxury travel to Glasgow three nights dinner bed and breakfast with music and entertainment each evening join us on the highland fling to Glasgow this may for only 575 euro per person to book call highland radio today on 07 4 9 1 25 000 early booking is advisable single supplement applies you may think you know the Nissan kashkai but have you tried it with e-power the next evolution and hybrid driving e-power uses a petrol engine to charge the electric motor which always drives the wheels so you can enjoy all the benefits of electric driving without ever having to plug in and it's exclusive to Nissan book a test drive in the new nissan kashkai with e-power today a unique electrifying experience now unplugged nissan innovation that excites at shannon airport we know what makes a dream holiday it's not just a huge choice of destinations like chicago paris new castle naples barcelona and porto it's the unique features that make getting through our airport a dream like affordable easy access parking just steps away from your departure gate so whatever dream holiday you're packing for head for shannon airport with more destinations than ever and a hassle free airport experience we'll get your holiday off to a dream stack shannon airport making it easy with 231 well underway are you calling in for a look shall call in for a cup of tea or a coffee and let our sales executives show you the options available in our new nissan range with an unbeatable range of vehicles there's only one garage to visit for your next purchase and that's iMotors visit us in letter kenny or malin or visit iMotors.ie highland radio weather updates with ireland west airport fancy a european city break this summer discover the beautiful cities of barcelona cologne and malin with ryan air six flights a week for summer 2023 ireland west airport don't just take off take it easy okie doke i have to open the weather here but i can recall that it is going to brighten up a little bit into the afternoon becoming mostly dry uh some sunny spells will develop highest temperatures generally ranging 12 to 14 degrees in moderate breezes ok we're going to balaba fey where i understand love is officially in the air joy good morning to you good morning how are you getting on are you um getting on good all right talk talk to me about himself um his name is tommy i forgot the new name actually and we are made 48 years coming in september i we met in the butthole sunday night and the butthole balba fey on the 29 27th january 1974 and dance and basically it's all go for that oh okay not too much information joe and did he come over and ask you to dance is that how it worked he did yeah he did yeah and did you have your eye on him or did he just appear in front of me i did i definitely did and did you know before the dance i did yeah i knew you know before that but i had me i went on that night yeah definitely had so he came over and he asked me to dance um that was it that was the sunday night and then we met again then on uh Tuesday night we went to the cinema at that time and as i say it all goes and and do you remember what song you dance to actually i can't remember that i cannot remember that one i can't and i can't even remember the band 48 years right does it feel like 48 years or does it feel shorter uh joy uh it doesn't feel like 48 years it only seems like a couple of years ago really is that lovely and just seems to go on and yeah we get on very good he is very good to me um we we go away at weekends there with camper we're going camper that the weekends to dog trials oh wow and the times we went there for a meal something to eat so really we're always way somewhere traveling about so what is the secret joy is it spending time with each other do both doing something yeah spending time yeah spending time together spent definitely spending time together and do you think he did do you is he a romantic type is he going to land with flowers and chocolates or does he express his adoration for you all year around joy and he doesn't need february 14th he said yeah all yeah all year definitely yeah all year around um for example uh would we see if i always take me down tea to bed every morning never must have spring me down tea to bed before i would get up well if you ever decide to move on i'll have him tea in bed every night i couldn't do without him yet anyway it's the little things like that isn't it it's it's not a big thing but it's a lovely little thing and it means it's it's the you get to see each other with him with a cup of tea in his hand uh and it's just a way of kindness isn't it yeah and we can talk we can talk about anything we always stand handy and always talk about things and always do brilliant well joy it's been a joy listening to that story of love uh and oh thank you enjoy uh enjoy the camper vans are lovely and i'll tell you to go away with someone in a camper van you have to get on with them because you know you do spend quite a bit of time in it because the space is small so you have to get on with them exactly you wouldn't want to be annoying you and he doesn't have to travel as far with the tea in the morning either he just turns around no no yeah okay well listen you're going with uh your uh other half to biders corner bar in letter kenny for two pizzas and two glasses of house wine whenever you want to and thanks so much joy and it's lovely to hear such a lovely story thank you very much thank you and thanks to our friends at sentry complex and you can call sentry complex an<PHONE_NUMBER> joy what's his name by the way whilst you're on do you dive all Tommy Tommy long Tommy Tommy you are the most romantic man in donogol today because joy's on saying it and i believe every word comes out of joy's mouth joy it is been a joy take care of yourself and happy valentine's day to you and uh your hobby okay uh carol how are we getting on hi how are you i'm doing i'm actually i'm shopping wow listen don't just move away don't spend too much shopping on valentine's day and i have a romantic uh just a few bits or you out to get something in particular just a few bits right okay so i think in particular you have a minute to tell me this story and win your prize carol okay okay i uh rime your station because i want to give hope to all people out there especially women in their fifties i divorced when i was in my early fifties and decided to try online dating never had done it before i was telling caroline your researcher that um was scrolling through this particular app with my mom she was in bed woman in her nineties at the time and she asked me what's that you're doing and i said oh mommy this is where you can pick men out of the internet and she goes on that one there it looks nice and i said right sure i want to pick on him now then and uh unfortunately my mom has passed away recently but she picked possibly the future love of my life for both in her fifties it's a second time chance obviously and uh we had our first date on the day of the lockdown and do i need to carol is there is there a potential you possibly need to buy a hat so is life after three years later yes three years later i've actually started to write um a little blog on i haven't started it yet though but it's on online dating in your after you've had your first well come here come on with us when you're ready to go and we'll plug that with you i love the fact that i love the fact that i'm sure your mom contributed so much to your life but her finger her fingerprints are on this as well which i think it is all right yes okay what do you do with that and i said i send this off on the next thing so three years later we're happily together and yeah carving out a future so it can happen enjoy the shopping and we've a lovely bouquet of flowers for you thanks to our friends and oh thank you so much take care carol that is lovely thank you bye it sounds like he's got a real catch thank you take care of yourself that's carol there we're going to be a minute late to the news my apologies back with you tomorrow morning at nine stay tuned john bresen's coming


I think that's really cool. So this is, you know, the world record holder, the greatest guy ever. So that's a cool thing, right?  When I get to see Krauser, I mean, he's like by far, not just like he set the world record and which I said was always about Krauser was, yes, it solidifies that he is the absolute greatest ever, but his number and volume of throws over like 22 and 2250, he just like crushes everybody historically. Like you can combine all of these great throwers, the amount of throws and they don't add up to what he's done. So he's really is just absolutely amazing.  And then here's Zane Weir at six, three, 100 and what were you, were you 114 kilos at the games as well? No, I was 112 with the game. Oh, so you were lighter? More or less, exactly. Okay, so I mean, it's pretty incredible. Now to put it in perspective too, like I was talking about how impressive, you know, your results are, you threw further than Tom Walsh through in Rio, like Tom Walsh only through 2138 and got a bronze, right? You threw 2141, four years later, those three guys all through essentially a meter further. Is it's absolutely insane, right? So talk about your technique and how a guy that weighs you know, 248 pounds is in the Olympic final. You're the, you're the lightest guy in the Olympic final. I know that without even having to look anything up, right? Sure. So talk about like, I see, you know, and this is kind of similar to some of the stuff I teach. You look like you have a more active, you know, you're consciously looking like you're trying to open the left arm more aggressively, but in a controlled way. I always say you open the arm, not the chest, right? Because if you open the chest, you're going to fall into the throat. So you're creating this sequence obviously between the lower body and the upper body. We take this and we put it into six pillars.  And that's what I teach my throwers. When we throw, we react. We don't think we react, right? We do drills and we do progressions and we figure out mechanics and then we react.  So the left arm action, like Krauser, you see what I would say is he's more chest over, arm, shoulder, chest connected, long path. And whereas to me, you look like you have a little bit more active, right? You're not as big as him. So speed start to finish. That was something I had talked to Joe Kovacs about a couple of years ago. He said, Ryan's so much taller than me, I've got to be fast, right? I've got to use my speed. And he's a freak, like Joe's like sub superhuman strength levels on top of it, right? So with you, with the left, I noticed how it's kind of looks to me like it's an active left side upper body to kind of, I call it pulling yourself, kind of you open it and pull yourself into the throw.  Yeah? Is that? Yeah, so I, when I think heavily coming out the back, I don't even think about the arm. I think about the left leg. Okay. I want to, I'm basically just waiting till my toes are kind of pointing the direction that I want to throw. And that's, for me, that's the hardest part of throwing is waiting for that left leg to completely turn, you know? Criticism of my own technique is that you can see the angle of my, from my hips through my shoulders in comparison to Ryan Alina, hell of a lot out the circle, towards into the circle, which is not good for me because that takes the shopper ball off the axis. And so, you know, that kind of makes the 7.2 kg a little heavier when it's, when it's not above your hips, you know? Right. I'm very lucky, I think for whatever reason, I haven't worked it out. I don't know why I've got a few theories, but I'm very lucky that I'm explosive. So I get under it quite quickly. And I think that is something I like to work more on is just keeping the shoulders a little bit more back. You can see Ryan's heel is infamously low. Right. But what that allows you to do then is it takes your central gravity more out the back of the circle. It gives you a wider whip around. And that's basically what you're looking for. You want your right foot as far away from you as possible because that's the central fugal force that kind of generates. And I don't think about anything else after the left foot hits the ground apart from waiting for it to hit the ground again. And then the rest kind of just takes care of itself. It's like autopilot. Right. So my only sensations I kind of focus on is the left at the back and the left in the front. And then everything else kind of just bleeds into each other. Very nice. Yeah, I call this... So my system, we call this your wind-up. I call it pillar one. And there's a lot of important variables in the start. And then this is what I would call the hinge. The hinge is the left side. We refer to the ankle and the knee and the hip. I coach my throwers. It moves like three hinges on a door. They move in unison. And that's the axis that sets up the throw. The upper body is gonna follow.  How much of this did you guys work on? None. None. So to be honest, it was kind of like, I did that because when I was young, that's what I saw the other guys do. And now it's almost habit. It's not even necessarily conscious. So it's very... I kind of do it just to get a bit more... I almost think when I think about it now, I kind of, instead of taking the weight off the leg, I kind of might wanna keep the weight on the left, but take it further from a rotational position. Whereas, because I think for me, especially not having too many throws with a correct technique, you don't want to have too much variability with your weight off that left leg. You kind of wanna keep that left leg under your body the whole time. Right. So that's the other thing, because I battle quite a bit with that. Those three are supposed to hinge together, but my hip often sinks back down. And that kind of gives me a problem. So I, like I say, I wait for that left to go. I've tried to focus a lot on the dorsiflexion of my right leg, which is harder to do than one would think, especially for me, but that helps quite a bit with me. And it just gives me such a beautiful wrap in the end. And I don't think about stopping that left arm. It kind of just happens because I know what it feels like to be in a good position at the end. And that's what I love about feeling as opposed to thinking about it. There's just too much to think about in that short space of time, as you said. And so I think that knowing what it feels like to be in the right position, you kind of just like, you wait for that. And then you throw it. You don't worry about wrapping, rewrapping. I've heard all these terms when I was sort of kind of figuring out in the beginning, but at the moment, I'm not focusing much on wrap and whatnot at all. It's all just what I'm doing at the back. So you're just, again, you're very reactive. I think so. Which has pros and cons. It does, right? But, and ultimately, I've been, I coach, I have a small club with developing athletes. So I have athletes that are new and you're developing athletic ability and fitness levels and they're really raw. And then I've had those young athletes that are, I've had these kids that are six foot three. So was that 191 centimeters? They weigh, they're 130 to 140 kilos as high school kids. And so I've had a couple of kids that are 22 meter throwers with the 5.45, right? So even to throw 22 meters, even with a 5.45, you gotta be doing a lot of things, right? And these kids are just, they just pick up things. So much easier. So it's a testament. Obviously you're not gonna be fifth at the Olympics and the best Olympics ever. If you're not an exceptionally talented athlete, right? That's gonna be, so that's interesting. So I like it. So, because you can, you know, so you'd agree right here, a little too far forward, correct? Yeah. So that being said, what other, is there anything else you would like to point out about your position versus like, do you think, you know, cause Walsh has, once you, you look at Walsh and Krauser, they're kind of about the same, Walsh has the sweep leg incredibly wide, right? So he really creates that extra speed as he transitions from here to here, right? That wide leg, really gonna whip you into position. And then very similar to Walsh, this is where I would say like the left arm, I always, we coach to take it out and you have that great reaction of this path, which I think really allows you to finish. I mean, that's a great finish.  Right. Because my release height is probably the same. It'd be interesting to see what that release height actually was between me and Krauser if how significant the difference is because he's considerably taller than me. Right. But, you know, I do come up four, five centimeters, I think higher off the ground. And that's why I'm not even sure if that's a good or bad thing.  Right. But, yeah, I don't know, I just, I try to kind of just throw what feels good and it's difficult because you can get caught up in the sort of nifty gritty of things and it's difficult because there's so much in the rotational technique to have a look at and that's what I love and kind of hate about it but that's why I focus so much on the feeling because it's like, you know when something feels sweet and of course you can make adjustments, et cetera but at this point, it feels really good at Phoenician. I kind of, there's a lot more that I really want to focus on in the back of the circle that I think will help in this position. Yeah, that, no, that's, I would agree. It looks a lot of good stuff and yeah, I mean, I love how you're like, like I said, squared up block the hip through. I mean, that's a great position, clearly. Good enough. Good enough for a couple of personal bests, right? Exactly. At the time, you know, I know you went better after that. No, of course, but I think I'm still proud in that setting, you know, it still means so much.


Halloween porch war game on you're losing it you're losing it you lose it welcome back to our craft room guess what it's Halloween time we have an HOA who has challenged us to a front porch decorating contest one I don't have anything to say thanks so what we're going to do is start early and we're going to build often we're going to start today with our boo sign and I'm going to show you how I do it in cricket design space right now okay so here we are in design space we're going to make our boo so I'm just going to have some text be oh oh and we're going to move that up here so we can see it let's go ahead center it and I'm going to use this men DACA font let's change that line spacing get those a little closer together put that right about here for now we're going to make that much bigger I'm going to use a spider web that I previously downloaded let's put that horizontal put that thing right up here like that and then we're gonna have this cute little spider right here way too big and our little web is going to be too short I think we want that a little bit longer so what we're going to do is we're going to remove the web and add our own and to do that we're going to ungroup this spider and in a little shape make this a unlock it we're going to make it a rectangle we're going to place it right over the top there make sure it's just touching it and we're going to hit slice so we're going to delete that delete that and regroup her pretty good and then we're going to add our own web so we're going to use the shape again and make it really tiny about like that see I'm going to select all group those now I'm going to resize this thing to fit our board which is going to be 10 and a half by 31 let's see make it a little bit shorter than maybe 20 puts us a 10 and a half that might be a little bit too wide since the board is actually 10 and a half but what we can do is ungroup maybe bring this spider in just a little bit there we go spring it in just a little bit reduce our size so we can see it so that should fit on our board we will group this and print it section since our mat it this entire dimension is longer than our 24-inch mat so I'll probably group the spider in the web together and print those and then probably print boo together or maybe the B and the O and maybe the third O separate something like that so we'll go ahead and get these cut and we'll check on Garrett and see how the board's coming along that's all we did and got the transfer paper on got our board painted black let's put the stencil on starting with the spider want to start with boo gonna be aren't you see some orange looking cute paint no bubbles all you'll have paint bleed it may need a second coat and then we'll come back in back for coat number two put some more orange up on here all right tomorrow morning I'll hit the orange with some orange glow the green with some green glow and this web with some blue glow paints feeling dry let's remove the stencil oh my goodness boo sign is done make it yourself so do we so if you want to see more projects and you're not yet subscribed go ahead and hit that subscribe button down below and remember to hit that bell to be notified of our new videos each week before you go check out one of these other videos over here over on this side here's a subscribe button other videos to watch subscribe button