Oh, and welcome back to another 3D Hangouts. I am Noah Ruiz, designer here at Adafruit. Joining me every week is my brother Pedro. Good morning, everybody. My name is Pedro Russ, creative tech here at Adafruit. And every week we're here to share 3D-printed projects featuring electronics from Adafruit. That's right. This is a show where we combine 3D-printing and DIY electronics to make inspirational projects. Hello, everybody, watching in the various chat rooms. We are back this week. We've got lots of projects, inspirations, demos, parts, 3D prints to catch up on. So we're very happy, everybody, is tuning in. We want to give some shout-outs to all the folks that are in the Adafruit Discord server and the live broadcast chat channel. You can get to that by heading up into the URL in the top social banner here. We have discord.gg slash Adafruit. Good morning, good evening, good afternoon, and good night. Everybody hanging out all around the world. Yeah, we are in the various chat channels. We're broadcasting on Facebook, YouTube, Twitch, and the Twitter via Periscope, if that's still around. Yes, hello, everybody. We got Andy Callaway, DJ Devin, Drew Wester, hanging out. Hello, everybody, it's good to be back this week. Last week, I had some maintenance stuff happen in the apartment complex that I am living in. So we had to skip last week's show. But we are back, and this is episode 397, getting closer to episode 400. Nice. So we're very excited to be back and to have all you hear with us and all the folks that are watching on the archive after the show. So we got some housekeeping. We're going to keep it kind of short, because that's just what we have this week. Heading on over to Adafruit.com slash Ferry. We have all the details. Ignore the half size promo proto photo. We still need to update that. But we have three offerings right now. These all get added to your cart automatically if it's a physical item. Starting off with orders. If your order is $149 or more, you'll get a free KB2040. That's that lovely microcontroller. Great for making keyboards or keyboards. For orders that are $200 or more, you'll get the free KB2040 plus UPS ground shipping for continental US only. And if your order is $299 or more, you get the free UPS ground shipping, the free KB2040, and a free circuit playground express. Heading on over to Adafruit.com slash Ferry for those details. Also, we have a coupon code today, and it's good for the next 24 hours.  You enter this code in at checkout, and you will get 10% off all your physical goods. And that is the housekeeping. Awesome. Cool, all right. Taking a look at the chat here, Devin's asking, do we have a section for answering questions like ask an engineer, ask a three-printer expert? Yeah, we usually answer them throughout the chat. Yes, throughout the show. Section, but yeah, we can do one at the end or if it's relevant to what we're talking about, we'll go ahead and answer it then. That's a very meta question. Okay, could we answer it? Very good, yeah. Like that. Yeah, we don't have a dedicated answering question thing, but you just throughout the show, we think it's fine. It's been working out for the past whatever years, six plus years of 3D Hangouts. Yeah, so just ask it. And we have the ability here with StreamYard to answer questions and bring in comments from all the different streaming platforms. So we really, really like that feature. Shout out to StreamYard. Just some lights here. Okay, I have a lot of top leading there. All right, let's go ahead and jump into this week's project. Yay, this week's project is a Raspberry Pi time-lapse rig, which is just a little compact, a little Raspberry Pi case for your updated a little Raspberry Pi module three. It's a little guy here. So this is compatible with both the wide angle, the, I think the standard one, and then the NOR, NOR. So all those that have the exact same mounting holes should work with that. And then what we did here is just make a all-in-one compact little case for it. So it mounts to the backside of the Pi board here. So you can see here, there's a nice little compact case for that, fits the Pi, Raspberry Pi 4. Now that is compatible with the three, I do have one here, the power source for that does line up well enough, since we're not using all of the different ports on the Pi, since this is just, for the power out, as I have this out here, you can see the micro USB does fit. Oh, right. USB-C port is for that, so that is compatible. The three does, you will see a little bit of lagginess when you're trying to do like multitasking on there. One of the cool things about the time-lapse being on Raspberry Pi is that you can actually preview all your shots while you're still doing your time-lapse, which you can't really do with an iPhone or your GoPro camera, there's no way to actually go through it and offload a picture or make sure that that last picture, that somebody walking in the frame, what did it actually capture? You can check all that stuff out. You have a, if it's saving to like an SD card, you can go ahead and offload that while your time-lapse is still in progress. Really? That's cool. Something like that, that you really can't do with some of the other dedicated cameras, like having an iPhone or a GoPro. So I thought that was super cool, especially with having like, was doing some plant time-lapses, which we'll show and having the ability not to move any of the cameras was very helpful for framing up shots and making sure everything is in frame and still going. So some of the features for this is the use of the Pyrimony TFT screen here. Yeah, the HyperPixel, it's a high resolution display that just snaps onto the GPIO. Yeah, so there's a bunch of things that are being updated for the Bullseye OS with Raspberry Pi, so some of the things don't work. What I really wanted to use was our BrainCraft hat, which has like a tiny TFT screen on it, but wasn't able to get that work. There's gonna have to be some updates to the library and it's not even compatible with the updated V3 module camera. So in installation, all that works, like you're able to get your desktop loaded, it's just that the incompatibility is with the camera module itself, their libraries, they would need to update that. They, if you're familiar with installing a Pi camera from before this updated version, you had a option to enable the camera right inside of your Raspberry Pi config. That ain't there no more, it's just standard. They don't even give you an option to turn on and off. Oh, really? Yeah, you have to go into, I think you have to like pseudo into it to actually get the ability to turn on legacy camera settings. And I was trying all those options, I couldn't get it to work, which was fine. The legibility of the bigger screen from Pyrimoni was definitely more better than trying to use that teeny tiny little one where you can barely read anything that's in the terminal, just what you have to do for setting this up. Now there are worries where you can, I guess, create like a symbolic link where you could open up, have like an icon where it just opens up, has like all your settings are ready to go. But if you just have a little keyboard that has the built-in mouse, you can easily just type the arrow keys just up and down until you get your last commands and that's what I've been doing. Right. So you still have to use the terminal in order to get the camera to display the preview, trigger a time lapse, update your settings. We're both very familiar with that workflow, but it's all documented on the Raspberry Pi website, I'm sure. Yeah, yeah, and it's compact enough to where all you need is the entire case and then the tripod, a battery, and then one of the small keyboards. And as we've seen in the video, you're able to set that up in a large amount of places. You can get a bigger tripod, but a lot of the time lapses that I got, I was able to just set up on a table or as you've seen in one of the cloud shots, just like on a rock and you're able to position that pretty well with our little tilt and swivel attachment that we have in the shop, the tripod attachment on there. Speaking of which, we got a question from DJ Devin who's asking what kind of camera mount is that it's 3D printed, right? It just has a 3 eighths to quarter 20 screw adapter. There you go, there's a good look at it.  You have what, three mounting holes for M3 screws and that just gets secured to the side really of the case. And why would you go this route instead of like building it into the case? Oh, it's pretty much, I forget what it was for the Pi YouTube little camera case. It elevates it away from the case. Yeah. To get the tolerances right, you're only printing this piece and then attaching it. So for having it separate, it's in terms of figuring out your tolerances and if it breaks somehow. You can just print another one, yeah. Yeah, exactly. You're not breaking this entire case all your way. Yeah, modularity is always a good thing. Exactly. I see a lot of folks use microphone stands as a tripod. And then those have a very particular thread as well. They're a little bit, the diameter of them are a little bit thicker. So if you wanted to do that, you could print your own out, make your own adapter. But we have these in stock, these screw adapt, tripod screw adapters. We sell those because we use them so much for so many projects. Yeah, everything. And then you were talking about the tilt ball head. It's also, it has a built in a quarter 20 male screw so that it fits into a female quarter 20 thread. And then you have that tightening tension so that you can tighten the ball head and move it around. And then the bottom of that has another tripod screw for fitting onto something like a Manfrotto tripod that you have there, the little low profile tripod. So all those things together make a really nice rig. Yeah, it's definitely Lego for camera attachments. Yeah, so the main reason we're using the pan and tilt is because of the way that the orientations are set up. There's always these technical problems that we have to solve creatively. So I couldn't mount this this way because the rotation is not supported for the new camera module. So there's no 90 degree rotation. So I can't in software have this rotate where this is landscape. Oh, really? Yeah, so there's no support for that. The way the commands are been simplified. It's like V flip and H flip. Right. So there's no way to actually put in the rotation. 90 degrees like you used to with the, what is it, the old command was like a image still or something like that. Now it's updated to a completely different stack for the library, for the camera. So what comes along with that is the way they're trying to simplify the commands for like exposure and focusing and all the other things that come along with like the ISO and all that sharpening. There's so many effects you can add onto it. There's a whole list of command that I linked to and the guy that you can check out. And one of the most important ones was the HDR mode which as we're showing in the video is just that that's another thing made me look at some of the ways that we're doing the time lapses with a 5D camera. And that doesn't have the ability to do HDR. So there's no way that you can go in there and have two different exposures. One of the examples we show is pointing at a window that where the sun is out and showing a plant growing that would be overexposed immediately or underexposed. So having the ability to what is in photography called bracketing, which is where you're combining multiple exposures that make your photo. So you have your high exposures, drop down a little bit in your low exposures. The levels are brought up just a little bit. So everything is nice and equal. And that's what made a lot of the time lapses with the plants look really good where everything is in focus and everything is exposed correctly. So that's what made me go, wow, this is a really good feature that is definitely rivaling the 5D because it just does not have the ability to do that. Yep, yep. It's getting nice with these new generation of cameras that have all these smarts built in. Those who don't know HDR stands for high dynamic range. It just means that you're able to capture several exposures so that you can avoid things like overblown images or underexposed images. So you get this nice middle ground because the camera's taking the highest brightness and the lowest aperture so that you can get this really nice middle ground. So for, like you said, photographing windows is a good example of like, you're exposing for the outside and the indoors. So that's really hard to do with your traditional DSLR camera. So it's really nice that these new Sony image sensors kind of do that. And that's what it's using, right? It's an image, it's a Sony image sensor. It's like one of the latest ones. And that's why you do the whole library, I'm sure. Yeah, yeah. With the support for all the different things that you're able to do. Like I was saying, you have like all these effects, sharpening and like all these cool things that you can add post-processing wise while it's capturing the photo. And I wanna mention, recording video is something you could do, but for now it's like lagging the beta. Yeah, it's listed all over their documentation. Some of the limitations that they're still running into it just came out not too long ago. So they're still working on getting everything nice and optimized. Octoprint, I think you still have to do some sort of manual installation. Oh, really? Yeah, when I, as soon as these came out, we ran out and ordered a couple and come to find out they don't work. Yeah. Right. I could not get it to work. Right. People have gotten it to work. I've watched a few videos of folks doing video demos with it and all of them kind of show the latency that you get where there's some frames that are skipped. I don't know if it does 4K footage right now, but if it did, it's gonna be, you're gonna drop some frames. And these videos are probably like two months old now and like it still hasn't been. So that's one of the reasons why we didn't like focus on showing video. Yeah. It was really good at and it does really good time lapse. So one question I have is, how does it stitch these photos into a video? No, there is a way to do that. There's like some scripts and stuff you have to run, but I'm used to doing this all manual. So I'm just grabbing all of the images, importing it into After Effects as an image sequence and then just doing animations on that. We're just doing simple camera movements. Yeah. Like zoom in, zoom out. You're just scaling it to make it look like you're zooming in and zooming out. Yeah, yeah. There's enough quality to do a little bit of the zoom in. What's one photo's resolution then when you take one photo? Yeah, for these, it's 12 megapixels. So it's like 21 something.  Right. So it's like around 3K, something like that. You can do that with the HQ cameras, which there were some reasons why I didn't do that just because I wanted something that was more compact. I wanted it smaller. I wanted auto focusing that these modules are able to do. The lenses that we have for the HQ ones, you know, I have to sit there and do the focusing.  And I want to stay indoors. And when you're outside, you know, there's sun. You could have, you know, some problems previewing what you're shooting, what you're framing up. And there could be, you know, accidental insistence where you don't focus on the thing correctly. So that's what I wanted to avoid. That and the size, I wanted more compact. But yeah, that's why I want this one. We had, we've already made an HQ camera case. Camera case for that. And we had not touched the updated V3 module. So we wanted to have something that was, you know, modeled for the small updated module. Cool. Which version of the new V3 module are you using? Is there, I think there's two or three? Yeah, so the Pi three, this guy's using the, I think it's like, it's not wide angle. It's whatever normal. So normal angle. Yeah. Okay. And then the Pi four is using the wide angle one. Cool. And what would you recommend? Which one would you recommend? It depends on what you're after. So if you're like in a small space, obviously the wide angle one's going to work a lot more better for you. If you're trying to shoot like landscape type stuff, probably the non wide will work better for you. But I think they have the same sort of settings in terms of like the exposure that you're able to get in the ISO. When you were filming the, you had a plant where it looked like the leaf was about to bloom. What lens did you use or which version of the module did you use for that one? That one was the non wide. Right. Cause it's just, you're more close up. Yeah. I want to get a closer shot of the leaf. And then the clouds and galaxy edge, which one? Those are all wide. Those are wide angle. Okay. Good for clouds and just scene scapes. Yeah. I mean, again, it's what, if you need a wide angle or if you need to be zoomed up, not zoomed up, but closer to your subject. Okay. Can you do kind of macro photography with any of these lenses? Or not lenses, but, you know, modules. Yeah. You can't really put a lens on these. Yeah. I didn't test the focus distance, but just looking at the preview here, looks like it's pretty close. Yeah. Wow. See the preview monitor there. Yeah.  So a lot of flowers are blooming. It could be a good use for that. Yeah. Totally. Cool. I forgot the trend I thought I was gonna say. I got one for power on location. You got this big beefy battery and to power the Pi 4, you need a battery that can do three amps. So this is a special, not a special battery, but it is rated for three amps output. Yeah. Both of the USB battery banks are like two amps. So that's just not gonna work. So you need to purchase one. I am so glad you brought that up because here's a weird thing that I noticed. So this battery bank has USB-A ports and a USB-C port. So I was trying to be all, all right, I'm gonna switch over to all USB-C. Yeah. And I try powering it off the USB port. I think it's like, I don't know, is it more power or is it not enough power because the display comes out all like, when it starts up, it's like all gargled. But when I plug in a regular USB-A port here, yeah, it comes up just fine. Well, I thought the USB-C port was for charging that battery, not for power output. So I've used it for both. I think it's, I think the USB-C is smart enough to know, is it being powered or is it powering? Oh. Maybe that's where the confusion is coming. Yeah. Cause I've used both ports for charging my phone. I've plugged it in the USB-C or if, you know, I don't have a USB-C cable, I'll use the A and it's working okay. But in this instance, glad you brought it up for the USB-C on a pie can't, or on a pie, as we pie, I guess with the display, it just, the display comes out all gargled for some reason. It wants to have more juice. It's either not enough or too much. I don't know.  All right. Well, your battery may vary. This is what I'm trying to say. Yeah. Right. We stock some USB battery banks, I don't even know if we have one that does three amps. I don't think we do. We have the ones that we have in stock, they specifically say on the four Raspberry Pi. So I'm assuming those would work. Actually, no, they do work. The white ones. Yeah. I did use one of those for the pie three. Right. Well, the pie four is a little bit more power hungry and that it needs exactly three amps. Yeah. I think the pie three needs like 2.2 amps or something like that. I could be wrong. Anyway. Remember using both just when I was charging one of the other ones. I feel like it'll last about four hours on one of these guys. Oh, okay. As I say, ideally you want to have it plugged into the wall, into the mains. That's what I was doing. Yeah. So you don't run out of power. Yeah. For the plant ones, I think was running for like three days straight and it was able to keep up, stay up. It didn't overheat. Did it overheat? It did not. You have vents across all of the entire case. So all on the sides. Yeah. Pie four gets hot. Yeah. And then obviously the USB ports and a lot of the vents out the heat through there. Is there a heat sink or a fan inside your bed? I did not put one in there. I don't know. Yeah. A lot of people do that, but you don't need to. Yeah. I mean, I was out in the 90 degree heat. I was out there for each session. I think I was doing like about 20 to 30 minutes for the time. Oh, okay. So I was able to handle that. Yeah. Yeah. For clouds, you don't need more than a half hour to get a good looking time lapse. Exactly. Clouds are pretty fast. And some, oh my God. Yeah, they are. And some. If you ever tried to take a video or photo of the moon, you know exactly how fast. Oh yeah. Even the moon. Yeah. The Earth is fast. Fast. Moving. If you zoomed up on something and you'll go to check your thing, you'll go to look at your viewfinder again and it is completely moved. That's the way. The Earth is moving. You're on a spaceship. Yeah. So you're looking at some of the comments here. Charlotte is asking for time lapses. We call to have a case where the camera is facing front. I guess, yeah. So the problems with these, if I go and open up the case. So the case is all snap fit. So we've got these little snap fits that are holding onto the case here. See if I can get this without breaking it. Pop this off right here. Let her just holding everything in place. This little guy here. Let me do it. Yeah, yeah. Better angle without me trying to be in that frame. Yeah. Here we go. This pops out like that. You can see on here the way that this is all wrapped around. So. Oh, the ribbon cable. That's the end. So that is what will prevent you from having it, I guess, in the front. Because you'll have to twist it. You'll have to twist it. I've already broke three of the ribbon cables from bending, trying to bend them in. No. You know that they did not like. Yeah. So that's exactly why it's set up. You have to fold it and I guess point it at you. I think that's what you mean by facing forward at you, right? I think so, yeah. Yeah. So that's actually why it's this way and it's not turned to the 90 degrees that you're at a landscape because it's not supported in software. So there's all these limitations you have to work around and why it's not, you know. I guess it could go on the side. Like if you pop it out and make it. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. It wouldn't. Yeah, but then, you know, you'd have to redesign it basically. But I think like a normal camera, it's pretty much like that. The screen is this way and the lens pointing that way. I mean, you could try it out by extra ribbon cables just in case it doesn't work out. You can be super fancy and have like a swivel that kind of comes out. I thought about that, yeah, yeah, yeah. Where there's a lot of design work, but you could do it for sure. Yeah, that's cool. I like the pop out thing. There's like these little slots and these little tapered tabs that just pop it in since, you know, this is just for covering. I should have put vents on here too, but I didn't notice the camera module getting hot at all. So it could mess with your printer if you're trying to do a lot of the vents. You could get some skipping and stuff like that. And I want people to run into that as it is already a bunch on this, but you definitely need vents for the pie to breathe. Yeah, but yeah, that's the limitation with the ribbon cable, the way that you can bend it. I was saying it did mess up a couple of them, trying to get them to bend in the way. Yeah, get a few of them is the tip.  Yeah, exactly. And then you don't want to have one that's too long because then you're having to coil up all the suit. And this size, I don't even, I don't think we stock it anymore. It's 150 millimeters, but we have now on stock is like the 200, 150 and those, you're gonna have to sort of play with those. Yeah, tucking them in. Yeah, it looks dicey to have it bent like that. Yeah, I had to keep checking every time I would, because when you're prototyping stuff, you're always putting it in the case, hanging it out. Oh no, now you got to take photos of it. So you got to take it out again. And this is one shot. So I got to just assemble the thing just to get two module shots next to each other. So it's a lot of bending, unbending, putting it back in and then you can damage it that way. So the way that this is mounted, I'm just take this guy off and kind of see when you're messing with these screens, make sure to grab it by the PCB. So you don't actually crack the screen.  Oh really? And offs too, but I didn't need them. Okay. But they're there if you want to have extra, like something for it to lean on, you know? Sure, I get it, yeah. Yeah, but this just mounts to the back plate here along with the camera module. And there's some standoffs here, those little nylon six millimeter long standoffs and the M2 screws. Yeah, M2 hardware. Yeah, they're very, very small holes. Yeah, not M2-5. I had to look for where, I think actually you got these, M2 screws. Good thing you did, because otherwise I would not have been able to mount these. Yeah, we don't rock them unfortunately, maybe one day we will, so you'll have to get sources elsewhere. Yeah, I have the Amazon links to where you got them in the guide, you can get those there. And then we're using M2.5 machine screws to mount the pie to the back plate here. Yeah. And then yeah, the hyper pixel mounts on like this, so easy. And then when you want to put that, the screen back on, you just want to put it on from here first so that you're sort of getting the wires out of the way so you're not betting them as much. Yeah. Go over like that. Snaps. And like that very satisfying click. You can just snap some like that so you can for whatever reason you need to troubleshoot anything in there. I'm gonna show them before. Nice design I like on that. If it's just a nice little cover for it, you don't need to screw it on or anything. Right. There it is. Full compact little Raspberry Pi camera. Yeah. That's compact. Yeah, yeah. Yeah, that was the other reason too, why this is separate, because then you'd have this huge empty space if this was attached. Oh, right, yeah. Right up against the screen through the Pi.  Cool. What other things we talk about? USB-C with the wide angle adapter just to get the cable out of the way. Oh yeah, that's a good point. Yeah, you'll want to have an adapter there depending on how you're positioning your camera. Any updates to like the software, like the Pi OS? Is there anything you found that was interesting? The commands that you use are all updated. I have them listed there. The two that I use is just for previewing and then the actual time-lapse settings I have those. And the learn guide, we should have probably opened up by now. Yeah. Yeah. Well, we'll probably run through it because we're already 30 minutes in. I think this was more valuable than going through the learn guide because learn guide's going to like, step-by-step, here's the order of operations for installing the ribbon cable and things like that. You can share your screen though if you want to take out anything, pull out anything from the learn guide. It is published, posted this morning. It has the CAD files and some commands that you were saying. Sorry, my mouse is getting me out of the list. You got a nice comment from Charlene. Thank you for your comment. She said, nice compact design. Thank you. See, so yeah, like you were saying, pretty much just to show off some of the time-lapses we were able to get. So we're at Animal Kingdom. We were able to get some cool. Very cool. Cloud shots over Mt. Agri. Yeah, it's spring. That's great. Yeah. Tell me what kind of plant this is. Yesterday, I don't know what's going on. Yeah, this is the 50. Yeah, the cold front's back. What kind of plants are these? So this is the Monstera Albo variegated and you can see here, it's doing some gutting, which is where it has some water droplets coming out of the front of the leaves, which is moisturizing in so they can unfurl easy. That's funny. Takes about, I don't know, three weeks I think for some of the leaves to unfurl. So it's definitely a timely, will take quite a while to get the full thing. I didn't want to do that. For the uninitiated, these plants are those very popular plants that have massive leaves. Oh my God. Very beautiful. I love these plants because they remind me of Koroks from Legend of Zelda, Breath of the Wild, and all the other Zelda games too. They have Koroks and they have these helmets or faces that are in the shape of these allocation type flowers or plants, if I'm not mistaken. Aeroid. Aeroid. Aeroid. Allocation. I don't know my breeds. Pedro knows way more. You've got a lovely collection of plants. So going into the 3D printing part, it's like four parts that you need to print. Only one of them requires the supports. It's the tripod thing here and I'll show you what the settings for that is and how that should look. I won't go over that. You can read all that there. The assembly, I think we already covered a little demo there. Yeah. I'm gonna get your ribbon cable going in there first before you mount anything. It's one of those operation things. We showed all that, the way the tripod mounts, pretty easy. It's mostly on what I found the nugget to be was this command here for enabling the HDR mode. Cause in all of the review sites that I saw and some of the testing that people were doing at first came out. We didn't mention this. Really? I was going through all the docs on here which is linked right here. There's so many different commands.  So all this, yeah, there is so many. So this used to be like lib still, right? You're the one who did it. Yeah, I think so, yeah. Lib still. That is gone. That is not supported anymore. So all of these commands are all updated. Like you were saying you could do like exposure control. Here's what the manual is for. You know, 0.5, darker, normal.  Right, the file format for raw images is one thing. Like you need a special software to even open a raw image file. You can do EXIF, the, you know, info for pictures if you need any of that data. That's cool. You can do long exposures and here's some examples of what the commands look like. This I think is the golden nugget here how to actually get what you wanna do done. Here's the command for doing your encoding. I think this might be what's making it lag because you're right away compressing it to H.264. And then you have to use VLC to play it and then you have to use media encoder to convert it to actually play it on your computer without much hassle. And then there's, it's just endless. You can do streaming with it, which is really cool. Oh, I didn't even know they had high frame rates for this and be like 60 and it's so configurable, man. There's so many different ways and this is probably why they didn't get to the HDR type stuff is it was shown like streaming and setting up the individual, you can detect stuff. So there's a whole reason why they threw out that whole camera. Right. Well, yeah. They're supporting these new sensors from Sony. So they got to redo it. Yeah. So there's a ton of stuff here. Full screen mode, like too much. Let me get out of there. Two that I'm using in your camera so you can frame everything up. And I think this is what you were telling me with the, oh, load it with no desktop. But it's like, well, how am I going to frame up if I don't know what I'm looking at? Yeah, you need another computer to SSH into your Pi. Yeah, but then isn't that taking cycles away to send? Yeah, yeah it is. You can go back if you don't have the desktop installed on Pi. Yeah, you kind of want the desktop installed. It's bullseye, right? It's still bullseye is what they call it. Yeah, so this is bullseye right with the 64-bit mode. From what I've seen in all the documentations, they're all moving away from 32-bit mode. So don't even install that one when you have your Pi imager. Go right to the 64 one. I think it's under the other OS's. Yep. Yeah, I'm sure it'll be. So this is the time-lapse settings that I use. So this is a 10-minute long time-lapse. So it's a six million milliseconds or whatever. And then take a shot every one second. Yeah. So they're milliseconds, yeah, so 1,000 and then 60,000.  It's like, oh no. How long is it? Wait, can I just say one hour is divided by? I want the video to be 20 seconds long. There's so much to talk to you. Yeah, there's so much to go for that. Needed. What's the date and time? It just appends that to the file name or something? Exactly, yeah. What I wanted to ask you, or Liz, is how do I have this save into a folder on its own? Because this is just dumping it onto the root, which is fine. Yeah. There's some documentation you have to look at. But there is a way to tell it to go into a specific directory. Yeah, I'm sure. Yeah, it's Linux, man. Yeah, in terms of for-learn guide, this is the easiest one line. And again, the most nugget here is HDR. Yeah, HDR on and able. Yeah, exactly. And then, oh, it's not showing up here. But yeah, it's because you're in the back end or whatever. Oh, there you go. And here's what that looks like. Next little time lapse of that. It's so cool. This is Disney World's Galaxy's Edge at Hollywood Studios. That is indeed the Manelium Falcon full-sized and you're in this land called Black Spire. Or what is it? Black Spire Outpost? Yeah, Outpost. Very, very cool. Amazing land. I'm jealous. Very cool. And wow, what a great cloudy day. Yeah, it's pretty much it. Did I have any other examples? I think I showed them all there. Yeah, it's all good. Let's do it. I have others, but I didn't have them loaded up. And I don't think they look as interesting. Yeah, it's tricky to get plants to. They take a while. You never know what's where it's going to move and how it's going to bloom, if it's going to bloom. But there you go. That's little compact time lapse camera. Very cool. Raspberry Pi's hard to get, so you can subscribe to get notified via email when they're back in stock. There's a special two-step authentication that you need to sort out so that you, so that we know that the legit folks are getting their pies and not resellers and stuff. Yep, that's great. There's a name for them, I forget. What is it? All right. And that is this week's project. Very nice. Raspberry Pi time lapse rig. Oh, one thing I forgot to mention too. What's that? Be super careful with the camera on the porch.   And it's so sad when you're in the middle of a pie shortage to break a pie. So I'm going to be super gentle with the tabs on this little guy. So those are the latches, right? Did they latch open? Exactly, yeah. They usually always break, yeah. I see. You can just handle them gently right there. These pies are precious, un-utanium. Yeah, they'd be tricky to solder to re-solder a new one. Yeah, so that one won't work, and they can't be used with any camera projects now. Ah, man, it's painful. All right. We'll take a quick look at Discord. There are some very big Monstera deliciosa. Wow, these are big. Yes, those taste like pineapple. These do? Yeah, the Monstera's. Yeah, that guy right there. Man, look at these leaves. That's my goal to get a variegated fruit. Really? Yeah. What else? There's some chatter here about the Sky Tracker Pro camera mount. That looks cool. Wait, what? Oh, I think I saw this. Yeah, Sky Tracker Pro camera mount with Polar Scope. Nice. The Mini Pan Tilt Kit with microservos. That could be a cool option if you wanted to have some code to do some astrophotography for tracking the moon. They're like two servos. Remember, we bought one of these? Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah. Or you could 3D print the parts, I think, too. But yeah, let's you do Pan and Tilt. And there's a webcam lamp here. Hey, it's like a solder webcam lamp. Oh, OK, cool. Oh, it's by Devin. I'll have to check that out. Oh, sweet. Cool. And just some nice leaf plants. All right, we are running out of time, so we need to speed around a little bit. Let's jump into a lot real quick. If you want to pick up any of the Pi accessories, you can use your coupon code PiCam. It's good for the next 24 hours. OK, next up, we're going to do, let me see if I can, how am I doing this? Oh, boy, this is tough. We're prototyping? There we go. Yeah, yeah, where are we prototyping? The Epcot Ball replica project, I finally have it wired up. Wow. I have a bunch of, I have 256 neopixels, hot glued to the inside of this dome. It splits in the middle and has magnets. I'll avoid opening it because they're neodymium magnets. But the main thing I want to talk about is the software that is powering the neopixel LEDs. It's WLED. So I'm using WLED, which is a open source software for powering neopixels and has a bunch of cool animations. The microcontroller here is the QDPi ESP32 Pico. That's the vanilla ESP32 chip, which is supported with WLED. So I have a bunch of these cool animations that are running. And the WLED software is basically running off of the QDPi via web server. So you can create your instance and name it. So I have it called EpcotBall.local. You can access this on your mobile phone, your mobile device.  There's some that are powered that can be audio reactive. And the rest of them have their own dedicated effects, options, timing, colors. You have a color wheel. You can do segments. And you can do playlists. Right now I'm running this playlist that has a group, a collage, if you will, of animations. So I have a chase, a color loop, dissolve, fireworks, and the rainbow runner. And you can say, in your playlist, the duration of each one, the transition. So instead of just animations going hard stop, going to the next one, it'll actually smoothly transition into the next effect. So it's very, very powerful. There's tons of documentation and people making tutorials on how to use WLED in their art installations. And yeah, it's just a really easy way to get a bunch of cool effects on your NeoPixel projects, especially ones that have a lot of pixels. Again, this one has 256. And this is the Epcot Spaceship Earth Geodesic Dome. And it's just very, very beautiful. So I've been working on this one for a little bit. And we were going to have Phil B. Painter Dragon do the math for pixel mapping each one of these. But man, WLED just makes it look as if it's already mapped in the sphere. The way I have it wired up is through a spiral. So it starts in the middle, it goes across, and it just wraps around it in a spiral format. And you could map it. You could use different segments in WLED to make a very specific mapping of the pixels. But I didn't really need to. It just kind of works really well. So here I have the rainbow chase. And it just kind of looks like it's kind of doing this beautiful thing. This is the firework animation. And it kind of looks like it's spinning around the globe. And then it just kind of does this beautiful burst. And yeah, so that's my update. Updated it with the QDPI ESP32 Pico so that it can run WLED. This is just running off the wall right now with the USB-C port. I kind of want to try out using our analog microphone to do the auto-reactive effects. So I have that on order. And I have a little hole here that I think would work well for it. But yeah, again, let me see if I can open it kind of quickly. There's the inside. It's separated by two new pixel strips. These are called soft, flexible, new pixel strips. We have them in the shop right now. They're in stock. And they're these like epoxy globs of new pixels. And they're chainable. You can cut them. They have this special wire that has enamel coating. So you can cut them and resplice them. But they're all just hot glued in these little holes, right, these little M3 holes that are throughout the various facets of the thing. And then you just kind of have the QT pie with the NeoPixel BFF driver board because it has level shifting to give you proper 5 volts for those lovely pixels. And let's see if I can get these. Oh yeah, and then there's magnets. There's little tabs built into the dome that houses these magnets that are super glued in place. And then I have a little connector here. They come with the connectors. You just want to have that JST pH connector for the QT pie driver. But these are the default ones that you see on NeoPixels. Those bigger connectors are not JST. There's something else. And then I have a USB-C breakout board to route the USB port on the bottom there. So yeah, that's in a nutshell. Maybe in the next two weeks or so, we'll have a learn guide with the CAD files for this. But yeah, it prints without any supports, which is amazing. You can see here they're hollow.  And then this is a snap fit case here that houses that USB-C breakout board with like a DIY USB-C cable. But yeah, I'm very, very happy about this project. Oh, it's great. I love the EPCOT Spaceship Earth Edition that came out in 2021, I think, where the ball actually has these LEDs, a bunch of them. And it's just such a gorgeous thing. And that is my update. Awesome. For the link to the magnets, this is from MJ. I'm KJ. K&JMagnetics.com. Just search for KJ magnets on Google's. And you'll go to their website. They are the best supplier vendor of magnets. What's the diameter? I forget, but we use them in the RGB Cube project. They're the same magnets. They have their own size, like D24 or something like that. So yeah. For Shop Talk, I just want to share that we have some new CAD parts that were added to our GitHub repo. We added, let me go to Commits and see what we added. We have some new parts. We have the new Feather RP2040 USB host. We added that one yesterday. And then we also added the new ADT7410 temperature humidity sensor. We added that. We have the new RFM69 Feather RP2040 Feather that we added, and the Feather ESP32 S2, and also the QDPot ESP32 Pico. And those were actually part requests from DJ Devin. So thank you for your part request. If you have a part that you would like a 3D model of, you can use the Issues tab and submit a part request. Or you could make your own following the various tutorials. So we try to add parts as we get those requests. Give us a few days, weeks to add them because we have a workload. But for things that make sense, we add them like the Pico QDPi. We needed that. So I made it. So yeah, check out our GitHub repo. We'll have a link. Or you can just search for 8 different CAD parts. And you should be able to get that. So that's a little bit of shop talk. I also have this new SnapFit case. So this is a cylindrical case that has a special little mechanism. It has a latching sliding door. So I have this little sliding door that latches on. And you can open it like this. All right, now I have these batteries. But you could store whatever you like in there. Maybe the feather, maybe LEDs, maybe something else. So this is just kind of a neat case mechanism that I've been working on. It's nice to have a sliding door. You can easily open. It latches into this little nub on the side. And it is one, two, three pieces. And I came up with a new kind of, I didn't come up with it, but it's a new take on SnapFit things. I have these little cylindrical dots that are on the outside. And then I have these cylindrical holes with these little reliefs that allow you to pop it into place. So that's something new that I'm working on. I'm a big fan of SnapFit stuff. And to have a door that exposes like half of the case is kind of a neat approach to a cylindrical case. So that's what I've been working on. Real quick, I'll share. How do I stop the screen? I'm going to share my Fusion 360 just to get a look at the little SnapFit features in CAD LAN. Go ahead and add this in. Oh, yeah, we have a 3D model of the feather. I talked about that. That's it right there. I'm working on a case for it. But here is the SnapFit cylindrical case with the sliding door. So let me do a little bit of Zoomie Zoom. So here you can see in order to get this mechanism to work, you need some clearance. So I have 0.2 millimeter of clearance between these two areas here for the door and this lip that keeps the sliding door from coming out of the assembly. And then the SnapFit bit is right here. Let me hide this bottom cover real quick.  They're on the edge of the door. There's three of them. I use a circular pattern to kind of make them go along this curve, along the cylinder. And then the bottom has these cylindrical openings. And then I have these filleted reliefs that allow the little nubbies from the door to pop into. And then you just have these little channels here that allow the door to slide in. So I have a little joint set to it. So if I move this, you can see how the door slides through that little channel. Nice. And then you got some geometry here. In order to print it upright without any supports, you just have some drafted angles. Have a little nub in here that latches onto the base, which is right over here. So you can see kind of how that's working. Let me do another cross-section. Over here, you can kind of see how this would latch into. There's plenty of clearances between all the surfaces. And the door has like a 0.4 millimeter of clearance. Yeah, 0.4 millimeter of clearance on each side to allow it to freely move in place. So if you do here for here, you can see 0.4 millimeters of clearance. And then from here to here is also 0.4 millimeters of clearance, any less. And it'll just be too tight for the door to slide. But for snapping, you want to have a 0.2 millimeters of clearance so that you have a nice tight hold on the bottom cover to like the main kind of base area. So all that together and you get this kind of cool slidey door mechanism with a latch. So that's a neat approach to a snap fit case, I think. And I'll do something with it. If folks want, I'll release the files on the various sites. But with some user parameters, you can scale this up. So it's a scalable diameter plus a scalable length so you can make it longer to fit whatever. I originally designed this mechanism to house toilet papers. So cats were getting into our toilet papers. So I needed to come up with something to house the toilet paper roll that would be able to get to it, but also lock it into place. And then I had these two little ears that come out and then you could put it in through the toilet roll kind of holder because we didn't want to take out the whole assembly and drill through the walls because we're in apartment and probably can't do that. So it was a nice kind of solution to a very cat-like problem. That is a little bit of a shop talk and prototype. Very cool. Cool. Yep, people are saying, yeah, good speaker case. Yeah, it could be a fun speaker case for sure. And it looks very Star Wars looking. Yeah. Yeah, I was going for the sci-fi container. Look at that. Cool. Only kitties. All right, we have about two minutes left of the show. So we're going to run through the community makes. Oh, yeah. Let's see. That same nubbin design that you were just showing off. Same one. There's allowing, bokeh tan. What is this thing? Oh, like a telescoping riser. Their viewfinder thing. Yeah, the little nubbins when I inserted it in here. Exact same thing. There's like a little railing that it snaps into and just moves across it like that. Interesting. Very cool. Yeah. So, yeah, bokeh tan helmet. Not a free download. I think it was like 20 bucks, but definitely worth it for getting some of the shots that we needed and or going to need. So, yeah, you just have to spray paint it on there. Forget the dude's name and the shield thingamabob. I forgot the name of that thing too. Sorry, I'm prepared for that since it was last week. So, yeah, we did put it on. It's all on and everything. Same thing for the smaller one for the kids now. But yeah, without the glasses, it does work. Nice. There you go. Oh, wow, it looks super cool. Yeah, yeah, it does. Just need to print yourself the armor. Oh, no, we do. I have the, she's over there. Where's she? No, I meant like the body armor. Oh, I did start you. You did? Oh, boy, last year. Yeah, I have the chest plate. And I was like, okay, when the season's over, you're like, okay, I need the shoulder bells. I need the shoulder bells. I need like the card and like legs to continue, but yeah. Well, Halloween, it'll be just in time for Halloween with all the prints you got to do. That's cool. Okay, that was last week's time last Tuesday. That would be cool. Yeah, the Western. And then this week's is you found this on cults, another paid one to this little hellhound. What I like about it is the little mouth moving up and down. And of course, fully articulated, right? The tail, the legs, limbs. All the limbs work. Good use of the iridescent material. Not iridescent. It's like two tone. Yeah, extruded. Is it by Matterhackers? Forget. But yeah, it's like those car wraps at different angles. They change. Yeah, it's quantum PLA, I think is what it's called. That's it, quantum. Yeah, the detail came out all nice. The scale of it too. Usually for some that's this small stuff like this breaks off. So quite happy that it came through very well. Very nice, very nice. This is the design on cults 3D. Here it is. You can paint it to make it look multicolored. This is from Twisty Prince. They have some very cool articulating models. The website's a little slow right now because I'm streaming, but it looks amazing. It's an amazing creature design. I'm not sure what a hellhound is, but it's like a wolf, I suppose. Comes up on Google. Oh, really? It's a mythology thing. Oh, really? It's in there. OK. Cool. Well, very, very cool. That's true. Right. And the really cool thing about it, that Declan was playing with this for like a week and it did not break into pieces. Oh, that's a testament to the, yeah. Yeah, that's how it does define the hinges and stuff. It's very well thought out. Cool. All right, we are over time and now. Save those for next week. All right, we'll save the rest of the community makes for next week. I will be out next week, though. Yeah, I will be at Open Hardware Summit. So if folks are going there, I'll say hi. I'm not doing a talk or anything. I'm just going there. I'll also be in New York because it's in New York. So I'll probably hit up the Adafruit office and hang out over there if time allows. But yeah, we'll be out next week and then we'll return the first week of May or the second week of May, whatever the timing is. I think the second or first week of May. Let me look at the calendar real quick. There'll be projects still. So yeah, I think next week we'll just have a simple case, a 3D printed snap fit case, our lovely feather USB host because we have some folks that really need to use this USB host for existing projects. Bill says, thanks for designing the case. He just landed in Kentucky. Excellent, yeah. So I'll have that for next week. Yeah, just in time for Tears of the Kingdom. Yes, Tears of the Kingdom because I got to make more swords and shields and whatever. It's funny because we have some swords. Some Zelda, that is one of the community makes is the Guardian Sword. Yeah, we'll have to wait for the next two weeks. Yeah, get ready for all the props that are coming back. We have new RP2040 prop maker coming out soon. Yes, new lightsabers. Every prop has to be remade. It's so nice. I can't wait to talk about it. We're all in overtime, but I'm gushing over the new RP2040 prop maker feather. All in one prop maker. That's going to be huge. We'll have new kits available, new designs available. Lots of cool stuff coming up. Yes. Super excited. Yay. Oh, cool. Charlotte will be there. I will see you there at the Open Harbor Summit. Very cool. All right, I think it's time to go watch the last episode of Mando. Well, eating lunch, yeah. All right, well, don't forget, folks, their coupon code for the show is pycam. And we'll have another coupon code later tonight for Ask an Engineer. This week's show and tell is hosted by Liz Clark. So shout out to Liz Clark for hosting. Make sure you come on by the Discord server at 720-ish to get the invite code. Thank you, everybody, so much for watching. We'll see you in the next two weeks. And if you are at Open Hardware Summit, say hello. I'll be there. And I think some other Adafruiters as well. Thanks so much, everybody. Until next time, remember to make a great day. Bye, everybody. See you next week.


with all my doctors appointments yesterday and running around all the way to Winkler and back took up most of the day. I didn't have a chance to pull this thing out during the day and give it a bath. So hopefully today I'm kind of hoping that my truck 3,006 got into the shop yesterday and that it'll be ready to go today but I'm pretty sure it'll be in there a couple of days because there's a few things they need to replace. It's getting a safety done which is something that has to be done every year on our trucks to make sure that it's legally safe to be rolling down the highway. When you buy a new personal vehicle you've only got to do that once right? At least here in Manitoba. You only have to do that once when you buy the vehicle. On commercial trucks you've got to do that every single year and it's quite a big process now too. It takes a full day for the most part unless I mean you're really good at it I guess but it's in the shop back at work right now getting that done. There's a few things they need to replace so on top of the safety that needs to be done they've also got to take the time to replace the parts that need to be replaced. That makes sense right? I really like the engines it's a Detroit engine inside these western stars Detroit powerhouse they're very good reliable engines as are all engines nowadays like I always say every manufacturer is equally great but they all have their strengths right? My dad had a Freightliner FLD a 97 back in the day when I was a kid I think had a Detroit powerhouse in there and that thing went forever and now the truck that he has now has a caterpillar engine in it and that thing goes forever but caterpillar doesn't make highway tractor engines anymore for some reason it's very disappointing I really like the cat engines but now you got Detroit you got Cummins you got Pacar is there any others that I'm missing? I apologize if I'm missing them I'm not doing that on purpose on these trucks you can't see if the washer fluid basin is full or not it's underneath there this is the spot where you fill it up so they just sort of got to fill it up until it reaches the top at least it's got a nice big opening here and it's easy to pour into some trucks they install these or these openings in an impossible place to get to with a full jug oh I can hear it coming near the top already oh there it is there it is okay that's the top a little bit left yet almost made the whole thing and this is uh winter the blue stuff is always for winter you never want to put the pink stuff or any other stuff in your truck in the winter time because it'll freeze up and it won't necessarily damage it or damage anything but it'll be a headache you're gonna have to park it in a warm shop like this to let all of the lines defrost or maybe you can get anaphrase through the system it's just an extra little headache that you want to avoid just put winter washer fluid in in the winter time it's pretty straightforward this truck has the marker lights along the side of the sleeper here too I like that it uh when you're driving on the highway at night it lights up the road beside you it gives you that extra little bit of visibility when you want to make a lane change and it also looks a lot better do you remember that tight spot we got into last week we could barely make it in through the gate and we had to back out and just barely make it out headed back there again I have an empty step deck behind me 53 foot tri axle I don't think I need the tri axle but we got it anyway just in case it was the only empty trailer I could find in the yard and they said go for it pull it on in so here we are let's see what they have for us today I'm not sure if I'm delivering this load or not uh all I know right now is I'm picking it up need to know basis and all I need to know is go pick it up bring it back still in the western star today uh 3006 is not in the shop yet but it's on the board for tomorrow it's on the meantime I've got a nice star to roll around in hopefully we get the peak back soon and we've arrived to the fun part of our journey this is really the most narrow street I ever drive down that's why I show it all the time I don't go that far into the the heart of the city you can't really with a 75 foot unit and it's it just doesn't work and the heart of the city is usually where you send a five ton box truck or something but I'm still able to access this area this is uh Elmwood in Winnipeg on the east side actually when my parents were young and first married I believe they lived in this neighborhood somewhere they got married in uh 1975 they've been married a long time I'll freak that van out a little bit there just perfect see it's just a perfect fit it's like it was meant just for me they still haven't widened the streets like all of the snow cuts out about a foot of each lane on both sides so it's very narrow you got to rub up right against the snow bank to get past these bigger vehicles you see this is a big school bus here oh and they've got to stop the city really should be clearing these streets properly so that we can get through here because the bus didn't really have to stop there we could pass each other but there's only like a couple of inches between our mirrors then right so you gotta slow right down make sure you don't give them a high five with your mirror you know you don't want to do that scares the daylights out of people makes a big bang and then you got to go and fix things you got to watch out for people swinging their doors open into traffic there too apparently without looking uh just another day trucking right you got to watch out for everyone else on the road I trust myself I don't trust anyone else there's a good driver see most people got common sense they'll make room for you you just got to watch out for those few out there that aren't paying attention and are a little bit oblivious to the fact that you're a big truck and you need a lot of space driving a truck in the city you've got to be what I call politely aggressive you know if you don't get a little bit aggressive people are never going to make room for you they're never going to let you in you got to be a little bit assertive maybe that's a better word than aggressive but you got to be polite about it all right we are professional drivers that means that we're not only professional in the way we drive we're professional in our attitude we're supposed to be anyway you have to have a professional attitude when someone gets all mad at you you don't fire back at them and lose your temper back at them you stay calm and professional and try your best to uh to do your best try your best to do your best in all things and just stay calm that's the hardest part I agree I'm not always great at that either but it's something I work on every day we're not going in there but there is our entrance right over there hopefully there's nobody in there right now find out once we get a little closer pull myself as far this way as I can without getting stuck yeah there's nobody there there's nobody there okay I might have to do a three point turn here because I'm going to try to make it extra wide and I know I'm not going to make it in this try that's on purpose let's see I can turn like this and then I back up and I back knife her a little bit there's a car back there I hope they're paying attention Lauren just passed that poster and hug these vehicles over here give them a nice little good morning hello but don't hit them there you go made it in no problem so one of these loads is mine here pull right up to these here tell the government yes I am here now send a message back to work telling them I am here now so that everybody and their dog knows that I am here now there we go no excuse everybody knows where I am thank you random voice I appreciate your help I didn't ask for it though I just hate it when people just start talking to you when you don't want to talk to them that of my GPS I don't even bring her along unless I'm going like on a longer trip I call her Karen she always tries to boss me around thinks she knows everything always talks to me without me talking to her like I don't want to talk to you Karen all right well I'm all ready for the shipper I'm going to go in there ring the bell and uh see what he's got for me it's a beautiful day I'm gonna be really nice that's what it looks like if you're wondering what an empty step deck looks like I mean it's a step deck we call it a step deck because it's a deck and it has a step therefore you know it's a step deck by the way it is here we go again this is freight that you can't tie down too tight you got to be careful with your straps straps could damage the freight see they got wood frames on the top of those on front but for some reason on these bigger ones on the back they don't see you got to be gentle but firm we're ready to go all right buckle ourselves in so we don't fall out it's back out of here we got mr. garbage man here wanting to grab his bin and I am in his way committing the ultimate sin never block the garbage man's garbage bin they really don't like that now back out of here now without hitting anything there you go bud free and clear for your garbage bin do what you wish with her close to that post right there and then cut her hard cut her hard like that I don't want to hit the post on this side okay here we go okay careful there sorry if I'm giving you guys a bit of motion sickness here there's a a lot to want to watch out for on my end at the same time you don't want to jack knife the diffs here for a second a bit more traction unlock them truck this guy's got here do that same thing except for the much nicer truck and I shouldn't say that these trucks are very nice very nice I'm not even joking I really like these western stars I just everybody likes a long nose Pete come on can't blame me for that don't look at me that way one day one day I'll have a truck like that and I'm gonna keep her nice and shiny and polished you'll know it's me when I'm coming because you're gonna put your shades on it's gonna be shining so bright you'll see nobody coming nobody coming fuel dollar sixty five nine a dollar sixty six a liter that's the most expensive I've ever seen it in Manitoba and yes I already see all your comments okay here I'm coming in your keyboards are on fire I realized that gas prices are higher in other parts of the country and the world I understand but that is high for my region dollar sixty five so I'm moving into a different truck moving into that truck which is exactly the same as this truck except that one is 3088 and that one has a headache rack half fenders and beacons I want to see if the keys are in it this will be handy that'll be really handy this unlocked no it's locked that's good it's supposed to be locked how's the front end look looks exactly like the other front end got the key we see that it's plugged in that's good let's see oh we're gonna pull that's tight that is oh it's probably just tight yikes and they're serious about keeping that hood down wow okay so exact same setup as the other one Detroit engine our coolant is good i'm gonna make sure the uh washer fluid is good in a minute put you down here I don't have gloves on again I know I didn't learn from this morning it's funny a while okay so exactly the same situation except this one has a different color of mattress let's uh let her cycle through turn the radio off oh this one doesn't feel now I gotta feel this one too that's okay this truck is almost exactly identical to that last one we were in the only difference I can really point out is that the blinkers on the dashboard it's an outline of an arrow that lights up instead of the whole arrow other than that it's exactly the same as if this is a deck truck which means it's uh got headache rack on the back and it's designed to pull flatbeds we're bob tailing right now we got to go down to the us border at the scale there one of our trailers is there I got to go recover it and that's why I needed the beacons because it's a wide load so this is the truck I'll be using now until three thousand sixes out of the shop nice peat very nice oh there's another nice peat at the end here oh it's our lucky day nice I just like looking at them beautiful isn't it hey you know it's springtime we look at this they got dry pavement it's like they scraped all that packed snow off the ground here all right I gotta fuel this bad boy up I fueled the other one up so it's ready for the next driver but now this one needs fuel somebody parked it without fueling it not very nice but that's okay I'll uh I'll deal with that I'll fix it the us border is right there and this is the scale coming into Manitoba this is where our trailer is apparently I don't know what happened but uh I'm here to recover it if I can get going on this ice there we go let's see what we're dealing with the scale is closed so it's a good thing we shouldn't have uh DOT officers coming sniffing around seeing what I'm doing again got nothing to hide but you know it takes time you know they come out there they say hi before you know what you're getting an inspection and that takes up part of my afternoon and I'd rather uh head back and go home than spend my time getting inspected I don't think I'm alone and not liking that oh there's our trailer right there I see it it's another uh double t except this one isn't on a on that t-frame thing like mine was the other day this one's different okay okay I see here's my load let's see so I was told they left the chains on it but I'm gonna need to use my own binders and that's true okay yeah so there's no t-frame on this one chains are in place okay I'm just gonna put signs on it and stuff because it's a wide load all right we're here to recover that let's do some recovery work shall we so I've got everything binded and chained chained and binded I'm just setting up my flags on the four corners you got to get a little creative with these loads sometimes how you get your flag right at the corner I'm not quite sure how I'm gonna do this one yet but uh huh let's do the front on the other side because I can do that the same way I did the other side there that one was a little easier I'm gonna have to loop around here something can I gotta put my oversize load signs or my d signs d signs are legal to use here uh oversize load signs the ones that say oversize load the words the yellow background they're illegal all across the united states they're the only thing that's legal there in Canada they are illegal every I mean they're legal to use everywhere in Canada except for Quebec that's because Quebec's first language is French actually their only language is French they're the only province of Canada that is not bilingual legally they didn't sign the bilingual act uh that's a story for another vlog okay there's some opinions on that on all sides but anyway they speak French there so if you have a sign that says oversize load obviously it's not in French so it's illegal to use in Quebec so in Quebec you have to use the d sign because d stands for danger and in French it also stands for la danger they both use d or danger danger I don't know how to say danger in French the danger so uh you have to use your d signs those are the only ones you're allowed to use in Quebec everywhere else you can use the oversize load signs but that's just because uh it has to be in the French language if it's going to be displayed right so they just stick with just the d signs and that's okay that's okay I know I'm poking at them a little bit here it's all friendly fun they are our brothers and sisters out there may speak a different language but that does not make them any different or any less Canadian we love Quebec I love Quebec it's a beautiful beautiful province if you ever want to go and visit Quebec I highly recommend it it is a beautiful beautiful place to go see and there you go saying a little creative there's your flag all right it's front there so I'm going to figure out something like that do on the back ends as well and uh and then I just gotta put my signs on front and back and we can roll out of here load recovered I'm the recovery man today recovery man Josh okay let's put our signs up we've got a cattle hauler pulled in on the other side of that trailer stikes though the farmers would say it smells like money I uh I disagree okay load it up on here get this sign up so you can see how I see a little creative two bungees down there holds the flag right at the corner of the wide load okay and now we're gonna put this up and over here like this for now just to hold it in place come on come on I just need one of you just need one of you okay just to lightly hold this in place we're just gonna I'll just tack it on there for now take a couple of these since we're getting all messed up anyway let's see if we can get this thing up here as well I don't want it to go over there that'll just hold it there for now so every time you see one of these loads the oversized loads with all the signs and flags and everything and you're not a truck driver now you know that the effort the truck driver goes through to make everything look nice and if it looks all symmetrical and nice and pretty it's because that driver really cares about his job and takes pride in him takes pride in his work I try to make mine look pretty all the time it's not always easy oops sorry guys this one here okay I want to go over that there and then down to this here just to hold that in there nice and tight there we go okay so now that's the top is being held in bottom is being held in there need this bungee here just to hold this corner in straight down here and around two there okay now that sign needs a little bit of help yeah doesn't it I guess it does I like it to be firm I don't want to go anywhere careful with these bungees it can snap back at you they're not always your friends straight yet is it well oh that top one there is pretty firm in there okay


And today I'll be talking about the Chrome User Experience Report, which is a data set released by Google. And yeah, let's get started. I'm Indian. I spoke about Dexsecure already, so I'll just skip this part. So traditionally, there are two types of measurements that you can do on your website. One is synthetic measurement. This is when you test the performance of your website in loading it in a controlled environment, say from a data center. And you can control factors like load it in a simulated 3G connection, load it on a mobile device, and so on. The industry standard tool for doing this kind of analysis is webpages.org, where it is a pretty exhaustive base in which you can measure the load times of your website. The second way of measuring the performance of your website is called real user monitoring. Compared to the first approach, this is where you use live performance data from your users to see performance bottleneck. The advantage of doing this is that it is happening on your production website, hopefully, and it has a larger, it's more representative of what your users feel as compared to synthetic measurement. Both have a set of use cases. For example, you can use synthetic monitoring as part of your CI CD pipeline and say that, hey, you can prevent performance regressions from getting deployed, for example. And real user monitoring can find, say, weird bugs that occur only in the Samsung browser or something like that. So both have its set of use cases. So there has been this project called HTTP Archive for more than 10 years now, and it's done by a bunch of guys at Google. And what this basically does is that they crawl the top half a million websites every single month, and they use webpages.org, which is synthetic measurement, to get different metrics like page load time, what's the speed index, a lot of performance metrics, and they put that in BigQuery. So using this, people have been doing a lot of experiments, analysis on how the web is behaving at large, so we can answer questions like, hey, what's the average size of the web page last month, and how has it been growing over time? And till recently, there hasn't been a way to do this with real user monitoring data, and that's what is possible now with a new data set that's called crux or Chrome User Experience Report. So Chrome User Experience Report is basically HTTP Archive for real user monitoring data. It has data for more than 3.2 million websites. I think this has increased again last month, and it's all available using BigQuery, where you can slice and dice the data with various factors, and how this data has got is that people have opted into data sharing as they browse the website in Google Chrome. The data is anonymized and captured through all these different users and put in BigQuery for us to analyze. And the data is grouped by the website, so you can't get data for individual pages like you do in HTTP Archive, but it's grouped by different websites. What metrics are available? So these are the four metrics that Chrome User Experience Report gives currently time to first paint, time to first contentful paint, DOM content loaded, and on-load, which is the time to load the page. It's an event fired by the browser. Briefly explain what's the difference between first contentful paint and first paint. First paint is when anything is painted on the browser. It can be just run some websites as they are rendering, just flash white. And so that time, the time to first paint is recorded at this point in time. You can see a lot of these times is it's not that useful to know when your background of your page changed. You're looking for something more meaningful. And again, they have defined a new standard called first contentful paint, which tries to give you a bit more meaningful metric in terms of when something from the DOM is actually painted in terms of like whether when is the first text on the screen, when is the first image on the screen, or when is the first canvas element on the screen, so on. And that gives you a bit more meaningful metric of hey, has the page started loading, right? So this is the metric that we'll be using throughout the talk. So just wanted to give an introduction on it. And these four metrics on load, first contentful paint, first paint is you can query this across different dimensions. So you can query this across the kind of device the user is using, kind of what network the user is on. This is using the network information API which is only supported in Chrome, but again, the data set is only for Chrome, so it doesn't matter. And you can even get data for offline users, right? And you can slice and dice by the country as well. And this is how the table actually looks like. So you can, the kind of questions that you can ask with this data set is pretty unique. So you can't ask like, hey, what's the page load time of Google? Since this is real user monitoring data and the data has been anonymized and grouped together, the questions that you can ask are something like this. For Google.com, for people who are on a 4G connection and on a tablet, what fraction of users have their page load time, say within 0 to 200 milliseconds? So you need to be answering questions in terms of like, hey, what fraction of users have this user experience? What fraction of users? You can't even say, hey, 100 people have this user experience. Yeah, if you want to know exactly to write the BigQuery itself, we have written an interactive blog post on how you can get started. But in this talk, I'll be focusing on the actual results that we got instead of going through the actual queries that we used to get the results. Sorry for one more definition, but while analyzing this report, we found that it was easier to define a composite metric like site experience benchmark, which is instead of asking like, hey, how many people have load time less than one second, right? This gives you the fraction of users which have the first content full paint less than one seconds. So higher the ACB, the better. Higher the ACB, more number of users have first content full paint within one second. So it's a faster website in terms of first content full paint. So this is the metric that we'll be using in our experiments. And let's start off with something very simple. Everyone knows that site loads more slowly on your mobile compared to desktop, right?  So what we did is very simple. We took 50 websites and we got the ACB metric, which is the fraction of users with less than one second, which have the first content full paint less than one second. And we found out that, of course, desktop has higher ACB consistently compared to mobile. So we can make a statement like this, right? ACB goes down 36% when going from desktop to mobile, which means that for a given website at one second, 36% fewer users have their first content full paint on mobile compared to desktop. So you can quantify a lot of things like this to figure out, hey, how much slower is our users going to have their first content full paint? And say that you want to, this is, you can use data like this to take decisions as you develop different applications, right? For example, you are developing a new website and you want to figure out, hey, do I want to use a single page app or I don't know what the other one is called multi-page apps, but so you can, there are a lot of factors that go into a decision like this. It's not just based on performance, but let me just focus on performance and give you a lens through which you can use such a question. So what we did to answer something like this is that we took 50 websites, the top 50 websites, which weren't using any framework, a single page app framework and 50 websites which were using a framework like Angular React and stuff like that. And we plotted the SEB for these 50 websites. So single page apps, again, tiny details, single page apps load a lot more of the content upfront. So it means that your initial load or your first content full paint will be slower, but the future interactions will be faster over time because the code has been loaded for it already. Multi-page apps, the code is just loaded for that particular page you are in. Of course, the definitions of these are getting blurrier over time with preload and stuff like that, but let's stick to this definition. So you can find that using a single page app framework basically affects first content full paint by quite a lot. So we can, on an average, for the sites that we tested with, 225% more users have their first content full paint completed within one second if the site is not using a framework. So if, and again, we can do the same experiment with just for desktop users. Now the number is 162% and for mobile, we can find that this actually plays a very important role. So 486% more users have their first content full paint completed in one second if the guy is on a mobile device. Again, answer questions like, hey, for a lot of users for your website are coming through mobile device, probably it's good to not use a framework or like server ender. I mean, the call is up to you, but using this, you can make an estimate of how much impact different kinds of users are going to have on their performance in different conditions. No talk is complete without starting a framework or what is a faster framework, I guess, but okay, my point is not that. So I'll start with a set of conditions applied. So again, what do you want it to do here is like figure out in terms of first content full paint, which was the fastest framework out there. And again, I'm fastest as in like, there are different ways to measure performance. What do you mean by fastest, right? I'm here, I'm looking at first content full paint. You can also look at on load. You can look at, hey, for my webpage there's 1000 DOM nodes and I want to update, find out of them, which is the best framework to handle that update. So it depends. And traditionally how people evaluate, answer such questions is like, they build the same website using multiple frameworks. Say it's a hack and use website or a 2D application. The same website used to be built with AngularJS, React, Preact, and then they run synthetic monitoring tools like web page test and say, hey, my React application, my 2D application built in React was 10% faster than 2D application built with say Ember or something, right? Let's now look at how to use ROM data to analyze this. The main advantage is that this provides a more representative view of what your users actually see when loading your website. So it's not, it gives you a much more holistic picture when evaluating different frameworks. There are some disadvantages when using this because we are not exactly comparing Apple's to Apple's. We are comparing different websites built with a particular framework with different websites built with a different framework. But it's still probably okay because we are only looking at first contentful paint here, which is one of the very first events that happens on the page. So again, what we did is we compared the top 50 websites using different frameworks. So we compared top 50, Angular websites, top 50, React websites, and so on. So we can assume that they're not doing any major blunders, right? Like shipping the development version of the bundle to production or not minifying it and so on. So the first contentful paint would be a pretty good representation of how fast or how the size of the framework, how fast the browser is able to execute the code on the, in the framework and stuff like that. And that's what we did. So we took 50 websites from four different frameworks and plotted their CB metric for each of them. And we actually found a pretty consistent result. So we found that view was the fastest closely followed by React and React and Ember were like slower than those. So if you are just looking for first contentful paint, view is the winner. And again, we can do the same thing for desktop and mobile. You can't find out interesting things by dividing the data in these different dimensions. For example, you can find that quite a few sites built on Ember for some reason, very few users have the first contentful paint complete within one second. I don't know if there's something, these websites are doing incorrectly. I haven't dug more into the data, but might be worth looking at probably the way Ember is built. It's probably hard to have a fast, fast contentful paint. Again, I'm wrong, but I might be wrong. But this is the data that we got for the sites that we tested with. Another decision that you might say, like, hey, I don't care about all the data, I want to use the latest framework because it's all the hotness, right? So now we want to decide whether to do server-side rendering or just leave it as client-side rendering. Again, to go into the definition side of it, usually single-page arts are client-side rendered, which means that the HTML for which HTML is generated on the client side. So the server just shipped a JavaScript bundle to the client. The JavaScript bundle needs to be downloaded, passed, executed, and then the HTML is generated, which is shown onto the browser. So that's client-side rendering. Obviously, you can imagine that since there are a lot of steps involved before content shows up on the page, it can take quite a bit of time. The possible solution to this, if you want to optimize the first contentful paint is to do server-side rendering, which means that you generate the HTML on the server itself, where it's probably closer to your database and it's much faster to, first, your server is obviously going to be much faster than even your laptops and your mobile devices, right? So you generate the HTML on the server and then send it to the client. And once the client JavaScript bundle loads, it sort of takes over. We expect, again, so we, what we did is again we took 50 websites which are only client-side rendered and 50 websites which were also server-side rendered. And as expected, we found the server-side rendered websites to have much faster first contentful paint. More people had first contentful paint within one second if the sites were server-side rendered. Yeah, again, you can do this via desktop and mobile. Again, the effects of bad performance is much more pronounced on mobile devices. And yeah, this is an interesting blog post written by Paul Lewis a few years ago and he actually did the same experiment but using synthetic monitoring data and he sort of reached the same conclusion. Another interesting thing that he found out that server-side rendering is not a silver bullet also, like all your problems are not going to go away. The time to first contentful paint improves, but what happens is that another metric called time to interactive becomes worse. So time to interactive is when you can actually start interacting with the website in terms of like you can start typing, scrolling, and it basically means that the main thread is not blocked on any script execution, so it is free to execute your user defined actions. And server-side rendering actually makes it worse. We could have found this out using the Chrome User Experience Report as well, but right now among the four metrics it exposes time to interactive is not one of them, but hopefully in the future we can do a large scale analysis on this metric for server-side rendering and client-side rendering as well. And then we can take better decisions based on hey, should I server-side render or not, right? Another interesting thing whenever we talk about this data set to people is that, hey, I want to know how fast my competitor is loading, right?  And what we found out was that a lot of people even this question was interesting not just to the developers but also to the business people to see how fast your website is compared to your next competitor. So what we did was instead of you writing big queries to pass through all the data that you have, we just built a simple website, just enter two URLs and you can let me see if I can quickly bring that up. Yeah, so here again I am, so the compare views more interesting. So say suppose you want to compare across all countries, how much, how much, wait, what is this? Oh, the slide is not. Yeah, so you can go to this website called rux.executive.com. So enter any two URLs that are more than 3.2 million websites indexed by the data set. So what you can see is like, I want to compare say Lazada and Zalora, right? And these slide blue people represent the fraction of people who have the first contentful paint completed. So you can see Zalora is doing, Lazada is doing much better than Zalora. So in one second, 66% of people have something on the screen, which is a good thing. And in one second, 8% of the people have the page loaded, which is amazing. Zalora again, in the first second, not so good compared to Lazada. Only 28% of people have something on the screen and only 3% of people have the page loaded. When using this website, again, you can just say, Hey, I'm just interested in Singapore. I'm just interested in mobile. You can play around with it in a much more easy way. We also update this data set every time. So Google launches new data every month. So we try to keep this website up to date. So you can see, hey, over time, how is my website performing? Have I becoming faster, slower, compared to competitors and so on. So that's rux. You can also just look at individual websites as well, say, hey, we work website. You can find out what percentage of people have, 13% of people have something on the screen. So if you do some improvements, this is a nice way to get insights into your own data as well as your competitors data, for example. So that's one other thing that you can do with this data set. Other thing is like just run analysis across the web, right, figuring out what kinds of trends are happening across the web, similar to what people have been doing with HTTP archive. One very simple question. Hey, I know 3G is slower than 4G, but for Google.com itself, we can compare how much faster 3G and 4G is. So for the same website, just by using a 4G connection, the time to first contentful paint, number of 15% more users have time to first contentful paint completed within one second. I know that's quite a mouthful, but the SEB definition may not be that obvious the first time you hear it. Again, you can compare 3G with 3G, which means that, so 3G itself is not a very fixed standard, right, like there's no minimum speed requirements and stuff like that are mandated for it. So what we did was that we took one particular website, Google, and we looked at how Google behaved in different countries in a 3G connection for users in different countries. So for example, what we found out was that SEB of Google in Venezuela is 30% lower than that in Sweden. So again, we are not comparing different types of connections. We are comparing the same website with the same connection 3G, quote unquote, but the user experience is quite different. So even asking questions like, hey, how does my website look for a 3G user might be sort of meaningless, I guess, because you can see the user experience varies quite differently depending on where the 3G is from. So we did a similar thing for 4G. Again, we got a different number for 4G. Okay, one of the last experiments that we did was we wanted to figure out, does using a website, okay, there are two kinds of big companies have a website which is sort of the global website, which is usually the .com website and they have a local version of the website, is it .com.sg, for example, right? And usually in Singapore, you would use this version of the website. We wanted to figure out if, hey, for users in Singapore was google.com.sg actually faster than google.com, which you would usually expect it to be. We did that for Amazon and except for, think, BR is Brazil, for one country, it was mostly the country specific website was actually faster, so that's good. On an average, it was 18% faster. We did that for Google and we found actually, data was pretty sort of consistent, but not exactly. So for a lot of websites, we found out that using google.com was faster than using your local version of the website. I'm not sure exactly why that is. We only plotted out the countries where using the local version of the website was slower. We found out that most of the countries where, like in Africa, South America, China had a massive difference. So if you are in China, you should not be using google.com.cn if you're just caring about performance, of course. I don't know if it's some great firewall thing, but yeah, this is interesting data that you can dig into and figure out, like probably someone from Google would be able to figure out if there's, you know, some see where the .com actually loads faster than the local versions of these websites. I just finished with some gotchas while analyzing this data set. The data is aggregated across the entire domain, not just individual pages. So if you have, say, one or two pages, which is very popular, but it's loading very slowly, it can screw up the data of your entire website. And there is data for both the HTTP and HTTPS versions separated in the data set. Ideally, your HTTP version should just be a redirect to the HTTPS version. So you will get the number, the number, there's no point analyzing the HTTP version because it'll just Chrome user experience report actually measures the redirect as load, right? So you'll get a 99% of users have the load completed in one second, which again, doesn't make sense, but so makes sense because it's just a redirect. So just be careful about that. You don't have visibility of number of users. So even though you might get data, like a 10% of the users, you don't know if it's 10% of 1000, 10% of a million, that data again, you, so any insights that you get from this, you just take it with a grain of soil that it may not be very accurate in terms of the amount of users that the data set has. And even though this is real user monitoring, just keep in mind this is just for Chrome, just for users using the Chrome browser, right? And Chrome is not equal to the web. There might be different people using different browsers might be seeing other stuff. So again, before you base your entire decisions based on just this, you just need to keep in mind that this is data just for Chrome users in the past month for sites across your website. Sorry, pages across your website. That's it. If you have any questions, you can ping me on Twitter, ever-conscious guy, and we write more blog posts on stuff like this performance research that we do on our blog, likesecure.com slash blog. Thank you. And if you have any questions here. Okay. Okay, thank you.