I've told you this story a few times, but good stories deserve to be repeated. So here it is again. At age 17, thereabout, I borrowed a book from a friend. The title of the book is The Maximum Achievement, written by Brian Tracy. Somewhere inside this book, I read a statement that went on to change my life forever. And that statement is, if you want to achieve what you've never achieved before, you have to become who you've never become before. The statement sounds so simple, yet for many years, I always remembered it and I changed the way I see life.  What you throw in determines what you get out. Though we all have fantasies and dreams about how we wish to get things without enormous sacrifices, it's what it is. Fantasy, do you want a new result? You have to become a new person. And that usually means that you'll have to deny yourself certain things. Einstein said, insanity is doing the same thing and expecting a different result. Insanity is when you're willing to get something out of life but you're not willing to give up anything in return. Below are seven things I gave up to have the kind of life I have today. If you're new here, consider subscribing so that you won't miss other interesting videos like this. The love of my family members I am a Nigerian and in the culture where I grew up, your tattoo to your family is forever. You don't get to a particular age and let go of your family members.  My life's plan was not in my head so when I announced that I had a different plan, it was a disaster for me. The plan everyone had for me is to become a PhD holder because a degree is a God in my country, until recent times. At some point in my life, I had to decide whether I'll continue enjoying the love of my mother, father, and my family members or go after my dream of building a business. I decided for the latter and as a consequence of that decision, I went through years of trauma because almost everyone in my family is waiting for my absolute crash and they won't support you because they want their prophecy to come to pass. I don't know the part of the world you are but I assure you, someone very special to you is going to kick against your dream. That may be your mother, your father, or your friend. You'll find yourself in an emotional crisis. Should I listen to my mother to make her happy and our relationship fine or should I follow my dream and get my precious mother to disown me? I cried many nights and I'm still shedding tears as I write this script. It was a painful moment for me and the only reason why I could go after my dream is that I knew all of my life was made up of it.  I would rather let go of my most precious relationships than to let go of my dreams and that was it. The Social Media Noise I was once a Facebook junkie who spent as much as 45 hours every day on Facebook. I woke up one day and deleted my Facebook account because I was not just wasting my time, I was losing my mind expecting likes and comments from the people who don't even care about my existence in the universe. Social media is like alcohol. It's not a scene but it is the best friend of scene. Social media can be the best thing that has ever happened to you just as alcohol can be good for you if taken moderately. However, like alcohol, social media is greatly addictive and before you know it, you spend hours and hours scrolling through other people's photoshopped lives. I don't mean that you should stop using social media. For instance, some people claim that YouTube is a social media. I don't see YouTube as a social media because I've built the entire company around YouTube. I sell my company's products via YouTube and I have a media company that makes good money on YouTube. I also use WhatsApp to communicate with a few important people in my life. The only sacrifice I've made is the cut of the noisy and wasteful part of the social media. Do you have a business? Promote it on social media and spending several hours doing that will be an investment. Are you just posting your photos to expect some likes and comments? Maybe you should give that up for something more productive. The negative friends One day, when I was around 19, I sat down and made a list of all my friends. Then I asked myself, with what I know about these people today, which of them is going somewhere I want to go in the future? I discovered that most of my friends were not serious about their lives. They believe that my country is doomed and one of them even dependent on the inheritance from his wealthy father. My father is poor, so there is no way I could be a friend with someone who is dependent on what to inherit from his father. I got rid of my negative friends and only kept about three friends who are crazy about life. Yes, if you want to get rid of the negative people in your life, you'll just have a few friends. But that's fine. Today, I have less than five friends I love to spend time with and I think I'm fine because hanging out with negative people will ruin your life. Think about the contagious disease. That's how human habits and mindsets are. You can't sit down with an Ebola patient and hope to escape having Ebola. You can't hang around negative people and somehow hope to remain positive. Sometimes, these negative people are your family members and it could be painful to avoid them. But you have to do just that. For instance, I love everyone in my family but I don't sit down with them to discuss anything worthwhile. I could never share my dreams or goals with them because I know what they will tell me. The TV My philosophy about life is this. If something is very interesting, it has to give me money or help my dreams in some way because interesting things are very addictive and getting addicted to something that's not helping my life's dream is the same as destroying my dreams. The problem I have with the TV is that it is very interesting. Having such an interesting box in front of me is a great temptation but don't let me sound like I'm holier than you are here because I am not. All of us now have a TV right in our hands which is our phone and every week when I get the report of how many hours I spend on my phone the previous week, I ask myself what and what did I spend those hours doing? If I can figure out that 50 to 60% of the hours I spend on the internet are productive then I can forgive myself even though I watched Jimmy Camel, Rachel Maddow and other news and entertainment videos. My message here is about balance. Don't allow anything to own you. Consume entertainment to get entertainment. Don't make entertainment your work. The love of shiny objects Being rich in our world today means having several millions of dollars, Rolex watches, Ferraris and the biggest mansions. While I don't think those things are sinful, I try to become truly wealthy by not living for the flashy objects. I've always used ridiculous phones. For example, the phone I'm using currently costs me about $150. No designer clothes and no fancy anything. I try to be utilitarian and what that means is that I buy things I need, other things I like. This makes life a lot easier for me because I don't have to run after the latest iPhones or Rolex watches which probably won't add anything to my level of happiness. Our luxury is what most people define as riches. I think the real riches are when you don't have to let your possession determine your self-esteem. Again, I'm not holier than you because I get tempted and fall for the temptation to look big sometimes but I seriously know that my true wealth lies in my ability to say no to whatever I don't need. The instant gratification When I had my first breakthrough in business, what I told myself is, keep living like a poor man and over the years I've made it a commandment to leave as though I'm earning 20% of what I'm truly earning. If your business gives you $10,000 a month, you'll do your future a great favor if you can figure out how to live like you earn $2,000 or $3,000 a month. That's called delaying gratification. If you like a new car and you have the money to buy it, look for how to double that money and wait till you double the money before you satisfy your lost. That's how to be smart with money. Parties Parties Parties In my country, Nigeria, a party is a big thing.   So when we gave back to our child, I named her in the hospital and whenever anyone came to visit us, we simply told them the name of the child.  What I saw is the amount of money we'll waste which I'd rather use to employ one more person for my company. Let me end this video the way I started it. If you want to achieve the results you've never achieved, you have to be willing to give up what you've never given up before. We love you.


the governor of aquaibom and river states udom imanon and isom wike have demanded a return to the 1963 constitution and the removal of resource control from the exclusive list of the 1999 constitution. they said this would allow the 36 states of nigeria to mind their resources and pay tax to the federal government. the states separately made the demand on tuesday at a zonal public hearing of the review of the 1999 constitution in uyo aquaibom states. the river's government also called for judicial autonomy. insisting state judges should be appointed by state governors as against their appointment by the national judicial council njc. the state has to be in the best part of the state. the state is in the best part of the state. why is it that all the security chiefs in this country, they are only from one section of the country. is it because you don't have people in the south? i don't need to name those officers. you know them. all of them are controlled by one section and it gives fear to the other section. and we are saying that the provision of section 14 sub 3 should be ensured is fully implemented. let us do away with the sanage and let us have a house of representatives by any name you would like to call it. if nothing else this will probably slice the expenditure of the national assembly due to they earn higher than almost every legislative organization in the entire world including the united states of america. we are indebted for the national bullet state because of the gross naturalism through that the people are suffering. persons shall have the right to environmental protection through measures that prevent pollution and ecological degradation. one of the reasons why these amendments have not been passed at every stage when the national assembly has done its part. some of the things you people are submitting when we take it to different states they feel at the state level. an amendment has been presented in the public hearing of this nature in a tenor once it has passed that stage we can only bring it back in another tenor hoping that it will now pass as the people want it. so i don't want us to be tired. we need to work hard to work until we get it right.


of April 23rd. I'm going to my church and member of the community to the broad-based organizations and we are glad so agenda. So if you have on a t-shirt or a campaign material you're pleased with the issues that our bank is superintendent of Rescura, I am pastor of the mini church of God in Christ. I'm your host and one of your court chairs for this evening. I hear by all of you this evening the perfect name of Jesus Christ, asking you God to give us all of our sins and the bonds of deeds, anything God could enter us from hearing from you in this place.  So we pray God if you could just move in this place still, candidates, ways of the man knowledge God be grateful and you would encourage each of us tonight to remain engaged and do the work of our Lord and give His praise to the Lord in the name of Jesus and in the name of Jesus Christ. Amen. Thank you pastor Christ. Our focus statement tonight tonight is not a campaign rally for any one person or personality. This is a get out vote rally with a more just city. We are focusing on where candidates stand on our concrete proposals that will enable our city government to be more ethical and even-handed to all of our citizens. Proverbs 29 and 18 says, where there is no vision the people perish. Prophetic habitat was also told by the Lord to write the vision and make it plan. The prophet was very much concerned about the social injustice of his day and was told by the Lord to write down the vision he had given him for his people making sure that what he wrote would be planned enough for all to read and understand. The prophet was also told that even though the vision would take some time that it would surely come to pass we are here tonight to share the things the vision we have for our city. Our vision includes the rehabilitation of owner Runky Prime Housing that will significantly improve the East, West and South sectors of San Antonio. We are focusing tonight on a living wage for our hard-working citizens of San Antonio so that all may share and join prosperity. We are focusing on the influence that is welcoming to all residents regardless of their immigration status. We are focusing on the influence that every single person in this room has in their family on their job and their church on their college campus and even with the person sitting right next to them to convey the significance of how important their vote will be in this election. Sometimes we remind ourselves and each candidate that elections belong to the people. However this is only true if we practice the essential right of voting. I'd like to vote and give this up from the election that you will not be determined by who contributed the most money to campaign but simply by the people who will show love to vote. We commit to ourselves and each other to let San Antonio voters know where the candidates stand on our issues agenda. Tonight we commit to get out the vote to turn our vision into a reality to create the city that we desire. A well-known author and leadership expert John Maxwell wrote that people tend to buy into the leader before they buy into the vision. This is why it is so important for each of these leaders who are buying from public office to be here tonight to answer yes or no to our questions and respond to the vision that we as citizens have for San Antonio. I read a quote today that said you should never say maybe when you want to really say no. Before we ask these questions any of these questions there is a question we must ask ourselves. Are we going to show love to vote? I want you to take a moment and ask some people around you are you going to show love to vote? This is what tonight's session and vision for this upcoming election is well into focus. We're going to turn off the vote. I'm the minister at the first Unitarian Universalist Church located across the road in San Antonio in Fort Ann and Pitech Vice Junior of St. John Baptist Church where we are located. We're here tonight to team up with different faith thoughts to do the work. So we have a team of 10 who will phone bank and use social media to get 500 voters who will vote this agenda on June 10. There are approximately 220 leaders that just pledge to get out 9,330 votes in guest delegations. We have the Our Lady of Aloha, Texas. Are you here? St. Francis. And also true vision three of the guest delegations. We have Dr. Daly who is the Chair of the Community Churches of Social Action. Thank you very much. We want to stop this. It's a good joy to be here after getting past the election. Now it's time to get to work. It's not about getting paid promises. It's about making sure that we're following through on our commitments. Let me just say this. It's beautiful to see this on the east side. We keep saying all of the time it's not about the people of power in the community. This is the agenda. It's very simple. We need to recognize under attack that the vulnerable are under attack that your elected leaders need to step up under attack of the federal government under attack of the state and I hope that our first piece of action is making sure that we're sending a strong statement to the state. We're going to fight out the legislature and we'll also fight out the court who are the voiceless in our community. So that's what we're committed to doing in the state council. So thank you guys for your work. I hope you guys get out there and vote to make sure we're here. District 7, Pat, and it's over the next two years. Yes or no? One question. We're the two actions. We're the issues are. We're the issues are. Thank you very much for all those of you went out to vote in the last general election and for those of you who supported me let me tell you I only won the general election by 92 or 93 votes about the commitments you made and the efforts you're going to make that were just up on this projector. Please remember to address how you will implement and I'm going to follow the lead set forward by my future colleague, Constance and to be working on these issues not only in our city council working groups and alliances with leaders in other cities because as one city we're not going to be able to fight the state alone the legislature alone we need collaboration with the other cities as well to send that message. In the next few days what I will be doing is recruiting and looking for the best the most committed and the most capable staff members that are committed to your issues and to our agenda as well because we're giving to the candidates in advance and we're printed on the back of your agenda. If a candidate gives a non-committal response we must take that as a no we are asking them to commit to consensuals in general we are not asking them to commit to thinking about it a council candidates will be given one minute 90 seconds 90 seconds to speak to the candidates will be given three minutes again this is the chalk up will be the time keeper when you see the yellow card you will have 10 seconds to finish your remarks the red cards means you stop talking. Yes, it's really more of the same we want to continue to work with COPS measure we want to implement a lot of great programs that we've been talking about as my colleagues have mentioned before councilman elect reaching out bringing alliances together we want to bring much more voices to the table we want to make sure that more people know that we all need to get together to fight fearful tactics that are being brought down by the state by the federal government and we will not stand for that we want to make statements that we're a proud city a proud inclusive community a compassionate community that is going to make sure that we are proud and we will have policies in place that will help to address all these concerns that we are facing here today and fear and non-conference and what my campaign shares with all the people in this room as well as the 14 labor unions and democratic clubs that are endorsing we're going to go out and organize not just in district one, but in all other districts we need to build power for working people in this city right now we have this city hall that the lobbyist companies treat the way that money changers in Jesus' time treat the temple in Jerusalem we need to call a stop to that I believe like you do in what the letter St. James says if that is the faith without works is dead we can go out do the organizing build the coalition we need around the streets of the city council we're going to create change as councilman Sondana said to build power for the people and councilman Alan Warren would you please come forward councilman Warren you attended the April 23rd accountability session do you still support Consmetro's agenda yes do you commit to working with Cons over the next two years yes if you liked it in the first 100 days of your term let me ask this question will you support our city joining the soup against SB4 as soon as possible yes if you liked it in the first 100 days of your term what are you going to do to implement Consmetro's agenda you have 90 seconds well again I've been to city councilman since December 16th of 2014 so it won't be the first 100 days but it'll be the next 100 days of my term and what I'm going to do to work with Consmetro is to allow for more housing rehabilitation we've done 7 routes on the east side of San Antonio and Denver Heights 3 routes and before living with things in their homes these senior citizens, disabled people in our community are living in these conditions that they should not live in our city the greatest city in the country and we need to make sure that this doesn't happen to the brothers so we're going to use some of the money from the public finance corporation in order to do more routes there's more need than just Denver Heights there's need in every neighborhood in every part of the community and we're going to work to make that happen to ask you that question do you support the city joining the surrogate SP4 yes in a guilty session in that time you did support the Consmetro agenda do you still support it I mean do you also commit to working with us over the next 2 years I've seen so many people and they've heard their stories telling me they've been there for 50 years and they can't afford to fix their homes thinking about Mrs. Torres who invited me to her home to see the fuller route as the rain came here into a bucket I want to bring people like Mrs. Torres to City Hall I want to, if I would like to as their representative, I'm going to bring them in we're going to hear their stories it's very difficult for the other side to say no to Mrs. Torres because she's been there a long time which is proud of her views and I want to support her, I don't want to run her out so that's number 1 I'm going to bring the community to City Hall also with the ID and the legal defense fund I happen to be an attorney and this is where my heart is I want to make sure that you take care of those things because people shouldn't be afraid to go to work when they're undocumented and get pulled over I understand there's a gentleman I know that everybody's got because he's so afraid of getting pulled over but anyway, I'm sorry I wouldn't work as hard as we can to increase the paychecks of hardworking people all over the city not just district six, but I want to bring economic development to district six better-paid jobs we need better-paid jobs in district six transportation out there is so bad in the out there we're not here I want to acknowledge that candidate he also attended the April 23rd accountability session and he did agree to all of the consmetrals agenda Councilman Ron Niebuhr you attended the April 23rd accountability session do you still support consmetrals agenda? yes we commit to working with cons over the next two years probably yes we're going to do to implement consmetrals agenda we have three minutes ladies and gentlemen for being here there's nothing more important happening in our city next month than June 10 election it will decide the future of this city and it will answer the question that so many people outside of this community are asking which is what kind of city is San Antonio? there are clear choices on your ballot for this election and I'm here to tell you that we're going to work very hard during this campaign to bring new leadership to the mayor's office leadership that makes sure that you know no matter what part of town you live on no matter what you do when you got here what's your immigration status or your LGBTQ status is you will be treated with respect and with fairness and dignity that every San Antonio deserves we will get started get started on an aggressive agenda because I'm so thrilled with some of the things that have been happening already in this election to make sure that you know that you have San Antonio's back and San Antonio City Hall will have your back we will get to work on building a compassionate and comprehensive housing policy to make sure that everyone has the dignity of a fair chance at being in place and no one gets forced out of their homes just because San Antonio is doing the very basic that you deserve that we have a high standard not only for our city employees but also for every San Antonio family that shouldn't have to be under-employed working two and three and four jobs just to make ends meet we will work to make San Antonio a living waste city put it to simple things that you would expect from a modern city like public transportation and parts of town that need it we will bring that back to make sure that fairness is part of your city agenda we will work for an economic development so that we bring great new jobs to San Antonio but that local families that are building local jobs to San Antonio get a fair chance at the pie also and we will and we will certainly make sure that bottom line this city is built on a foundation of ethics and integrity and trust we will reform the ethics code to make sure that every San Antonio knows that when there is oversight that means there is accountability and that goes for every single public official paid or unpaid in your city all my mission just as I have when I go home at night after a long day to talk to my son and my wife that when he grows up we will have a city that no longer has to beg people to vote because they know their voice matters and when they go to a ballot box they will ensure that they are building a bright future that all of us deserve thank you so very much thank you for our city joining a suit against SP4 as soon as possible yes Mr. Walker she decided on April 23rd accountability session she did meet with House Metro leaders she would not commit to any part of the House Metro agenda she would not she would not commit to increasing honor on funding she would not commit to raising wages or increasing project quest funding she would not commit to a municipal ID agenda so I want you to take that into account Councilman Lori did a pre-hab money and so did Havana mentioned that as well to bring it up to work on the ID Councilman was running for mayor and to work on increasing wages so we have a living wage city it is an important a military and economic we need public who share in our vision and who work with us brought our vision for creating a more just we can't use up our vision imagine going toward the city where everyone is treated in favor where justice is their primary concern picture that in San Antonio casting a ballot means that over the next and anything else prosperity affordable and dignified housing and welcoming the strangers Councilman Joe's leaders please come to the conference room for an evaluation the next Councilman Joe's leaders meeting will be on June 19 and 7 p.m accept the loan to build a house thank you


I'm having a bit of trouble locating the document. I didn't have a document attached to the informational email, it seems. Okay, so the document is located on the NIH Brain website, so in your search bar, search for NIH-based brain, and the new funding opportunities page, and you'll see a table, so go down to the row that says informational call, and in the middle there's a column that says about EB-15-006, there's a link there, and then you click on it and that is the actual document. Did you find it? The RFA. It's the row that says informational call, not the row that actually says the RFA title. I might not be smart enough to apply for that, but this table is on the new initiative, models and analysis of complex data, but there's another aspect to that. Table, let me count now, it's the one to the third row down, it says informational call with program directors. That table, I found it. Well done, thank you. There's a link next to it about EB-15-006, has everyone found that? And I will start our discussion now. Welcome to the informational call for the Brain Initiative series, models and methods for analysis of complex data from the brain. We are having the second informational call which will be recorded and posted online. So in the second slide you'll see that the overall goal of this initiative is really to develop analytical tools for understanding brain function. The deliverable from this RFA is our tools that could be broadly disseminated to the community. Remember that the purpose of this initiative is to develop tools and by tools we mean theories as a tool, models and methods. So we hope that these tools can then be broader used by the larger neuroscience community. And repeat again, the purpose of this RFA is to develop tools not to promote any analysis projects that might be tuned for your own laboratory. We are intending this RFA for developing tools for the broader neuroscience community. So in the next slide it starts with tips to applicants. I just want to remind you to look at the bullets in section one of the guidelines. The next three slides will actually show that section and the bullets within that section. And I would encourage you to identify topics that resonate with your proposed project. And these topics are listed in the bullets in the section one. So by identifying these topics it will help us program folks as well as the reviewers understand the type of research that is being proposed in this proposal that you're sending to us. So you can choose to either develop theories, models or methods for this project. And to also address how these tools can be used to facilitate other projects beyond your own. In a sense by identifying these bullets for us you'll be closing the loop to let us know what topics you've identified to let the reviewers know what topics you've identified so we know what exactly you're proposing to do. I will be saying the same thing to the reviewers when we orientate the reviewers so everybody will be on the same page. The bullet on this slide encourages you to form highly interactive partnerships that strongly integrate truly diverse expertise. We really would recommend that you include theorists, modelers, data scientists, experimentalists and end users in your project team. Now I've received a lot of questions about the weight of what you put on each of these types of experts and it will depend on the science of your project and the pipeline you are at in developing the tools for dissemination to the broader community. But we believe by incorporating these experts into your project team you'll have a product, a tool that's developed that can be helpful to the broader community with input from each of these experts. You can write the description of the participation of this expertise in your research plan, in the biosketches and also in the budget justification. In the last bullet, the emphasis is to tell you that experimental data is not expected. But we will allow a limited collection of justifiable data collection for the purposes of validating your tool. Again, we don't expect to have much data collection being proposed but you can if you are using the data, the new data to validate your tool development. I would encourage you to read section 4 of the requirements in the guidelines very carefully. Section 4 basically describes specific instructions for the applicants to follow in terms of what to include in the research plan. If you want to go to the guidelines right now, you can click on that link at the bottom of that slide and you'll see section 4 has a description of the specific instructions for applicants, what to include, what not to include, timelines, you know, personnel effort. There's a specific description of the end user activity as well. Now the next three slides, as I said, are the bullets from the topic areas. Slide are the theories, ideas and conceptual frameworks. Again, it would be nice for you to identify the bullet in which your project is resonating and that way it will help close the loop with the reviewers on what exactly you're proposing to do. Slide is on the category of models and associated statistical and analytical and numerical methods to integrate information across large temporal and spatial scales in the nervous system. The third slide is on new methods for complex data analysis. Slide is on programmatic issues for this RFA, which I would... I'm sorry, can I ask a question before you go on? Yes, of course. Go ahead. On specifying these bullet points, how specific do you want us to be? If it's in the wording and our research plan is specific, is that enough or do you want us to really call out bullet point number two on page, whatever? I think as long as you have alerted to the reviewers, I mean, you can say we are addressing the bullet and then quote theories on how information is encoded in the chemical and electrical activity of neurons to implicate behavior in both short and longer time scales. As long as it's identified, then we all know that you're addressing that. Are we supposed to address all of these bullets? No, no, no. You can address one or any other bullet that you choose that may not be listed here that is on an equally challenging level. I mean, we've provided examples of bullets that are general enough that hopefully most of these bullets capture everything that will be proposed. But if you find that there's something that you're proposing that is different and equally challenging, you're welcome to say that. The purpose of it is to really help us identify programmatically which area you are addressing in your proposal. As applicants, I know you are very much tuned to the specifics of your project and you want to jump right in and describe it to us and to the reviewers without really introducing it in this way where we programmatically know immediately that you're developing a new theory or you're developing a new model or you're developing a new method for this, that, and the other. It's just a helpful way to just add one sentence into your line to tell us what you're doing. A question. Can we have more than one category, bullets from more than one category like, for example, models and new method? Yeah, that's fine. We don't expect you to address that many categories. It's only a small proposal, but you're welcome to address more than one bullet. Can I also ask, you mentioned the project justification. Of course. Is this coming in the cover letter? I'm sorry, there's some noise on the line if I can ask others to mute their lines. Can you repeat your question, please? You mentioned that to write the project justification. Where is it coming in the cover letter? Project justification. You mean the bullets? No, you mentioned to write to explain in the project justification your approach and so on. Where does this come in? I'm not sure what you're referring to. You mentioned before that, for example, that you include other groups who mentioned the project justification asking where these come, which part of the application you put this. Okay, so I think I was referring to bullet number three in the slide that starts with tips to applicants on forming highly interactive partnerships between theorists, modelers, data scientists, experiment and users. And I was suggesting that you could talk about their roles in their plan section of the application. You can also include their biosketches and talk about their roles there and also in the budget justification. Yeah, where is the project justification? There is a special for the project justification. I mean the budget justification. The project, I think I'm not familiar with where I can put the explanation for the justification. Does any place in the application that I need to put this? So I was referring to the budget justification page. Ah, I see. The project justification. I'm sorry if I wasn't clear. Okay, okay, okay. I saw there's a special form that we can add to explain, justify the approach. Right. If you have any additional questions after the call, quick questions like that, you're welcome to email me and I can send you, you know, the instructions for the actual application. Search for budget justification and it'll tell you the instructions for that page. Is the expectation of the application of the project to address a single bullet? Sorry, the explanation? Is the expectation? Yes. The expectation to address a single bullet? I mean that's what is for. I mean you select the single bullet part of all these bullets. Is that the expectation? Yeah, I mean we don't expect you to address too many bullets. As I said to the previous questioner, you're welcome to address more than one bullet but I mean each of these bullets we believe are presenting some very difficult challenges and so we don't expect you to address that many bullets. The expectation is only a single bullet? Or not. Like I said, it's all dependent on what you're proposing to do. Sure. You're welcome to present more than one bullet. The purpose of presenting the bullet is just merely to close the loop programmatically to tell us, to tell us program people, to tell the reviewers and to repeat for yourself what you're trying to propose in the next 12 pages so that you don't just dive into the project without having this very brief introduction. Okay. Okay. Thank you. I'm sorry. I should have said that there are other colleagues from NIH on the line. Dr. Jim Knott, who is my co-team lead for the team that developed this initiative as well as Dr. Robert Elliott, who is the scientific review officer and organizer of the review, they are on this call. And Jim and Robert, if you wanted to add any comments, please do. So this is Jim, one of the earlier questions about the cover letter. Please don't put anything in your cover letter that you expect to be a part of your application, the reviewers, nor do program staff see your cover letter. So the cover letter is pretty much, please read my proposal and that's it. I've had, I've recommended people, if they're very concerned about the types of reviewer expertise involved, you can include the types of expertise that are required that you would like to have review your applications, but I would strongly, strongly remind you, please do not include any names because any names you put in your cover letter will put those people in conflict. But it is a great place for you to list the areas of expertise to help Robert out and finding appropriate reviewers for your project. Robert, did you want to add anything? Thank you. Okay, thanks. I will move on to the programmatic issues slide and we'll close up quickly so we can answer more questions. Just in the programmatic issues, I think I've divided this up by the review criteria. So again, the significance is described by the topics of interest and we've talked a lot about it. So these bullets that we just showed you in the previous three slides are written to stimulate new ideas for new analytical tools to understand the brain. We realize that bullets are pushing very difficult challenges. So we are going to ask the reviewers to look at this and ask the reviewers to assess whether or not you all as investigators have taken up any one of these challenges or something similarly challenging. And to what degree will the proposed tools be widely used in the neuroscience community and will they have a strong influence on fundamental approaches to understanding neuroscience data? So by having you look at the criteria, review criteria now that might help you also in organizing your thoughts when you prepare your proposal. The second, the next slide is on investigators. And again, I'm listing the review criteria that we are presenting to the reviewers so they can assess the following points. To what degrees have you incorporated the roles of the collaborating end users? To what degree is there an appropriate effort with the theorists, the modelers, the data scientists, experimentalists and end users for developing the tools for the wider community and are the roles of each expert clearly delineated? So again, that's what the reviewers will look at in terms of your project team. They will also assess whether or not the end user, oops, sorry, the end user contributions to the project will add substantive value to the project deliverables. Again, the end users are incorporated so they can evaluate how reusable will your tool be to someone in the larger community. This by having an end user participate on your project, that's the first step in sharing your tool. So the end user contribution will be particularly important to help with that evaluation for tool sharing. Finally, the last bullet is to what extent will the project inform experimental paradigms and drive future data collection? Again, this all goes to how the project will inform future use of your tool. In the approach, do we have a question? Yes. Oh, there exactly do we describe these roles? Well, it's up to you to design, decide in the research plan and the tools. Again, where you put this information. For investigators, as I said, you can put it in the research plan. You can incorporate it into the biosketches and in the budget justification. The budget justification. Okay, but the research plan would be the primary place. Yes. So the review criteria will be? I have actually a question. Yes? Can we have the same person be an experimentalist end user if we think that end users, some of them are experimentalists? I'm sorry, I missed the end part of your question. Can we have the same person serve both as experimentalists and as an experimentalist on the project, given that the project is pretty much on the theories. So there's not so much for the experimentalist and the end user to do. Can we have the same person have both roles or we might do different people? So again, it will be up to you to wait how much expertise you need for the tool development. So again, we have these bullets here as review criteria for investigators and the assumption is that, well, we expect that the tools that you develop from this will eventually be disseminated to third party users that have not participated in developing your tool. And so if you're developing a theory, will your theory be usable by other folks, other end users to then apply that theory? Similarly, the last bullet is about experimental paradigms. If you incorporated some experimental expertise, they could then help advise you on what types of paradigms your theories could be applied to, to drive future data collection. They don't necessarily have to have equal roles with the PI. They could be co-investigators or consultants. It really depends on what your needs are. But having these experts in your project team will help with these different aspects of disseminating your tool. Next slide is on the approach. And again, the review criteria is for the reviewers to assess whether or not your application has proposed adequate metrics and strategies for building confidence in the analytical tool and their predictive capabilities for their intended domain of use. So again, it would be the job of the end user role on your project to say, do I believe in your tool? Will it be able to be used for what I need it for in the future? Are there metrics this end user can use to evaluate your tool to build confidence to use your tool in the future? The second bullet is on, to what degree are the end deliverables clearly defined and or quantifiable? So again, it's all about the end deliverable. What are you going to present to the community at the end of your project? The third bullet is on, are the source of the data for the analysis appropriate for the project and readily available for replication studies? Now again, this goes to validated data sources and making sure that your tool is developed using data that's validated. And if you need to have extra data collection, are they used for validating your tool? And the last bullet is, are the use cases for the proposed tools well described and appropriately understood in terms of the end user needs? And again, hopefully all of these points have really brought it home to you that we really want these tools to be delivered, shared, reused by the broader community for other use cases other than the ones that you're developing the tools on. The next slide is on tool sharing. And so again, there's a review criteria on the tool sharing plan, which people have asked, where do I put the tool sharing plan and the software sharing plan? You can put it in the resource sharing section of your application, but just please label it tool sharing plan and software sharing plan. So the reviewers will assess, does the tool sharing plan include appropriate detail on modules, parameters, and data set? Does the plan adequately address documentation, validation, and tool reproducibility? Does the software plan appropriately address goals for dissemination and freely available, free availability for use and modification, et cetera? So again, the reviewers are addressing your plans for these things. And that is... I'm sorry, can I ask a question on the tool sharing? Yes, of course. So I know typically in a research proposal, you're not allowed to put a URL, but it seems like a lot of the ways these tools will be shared would be through online. So for this particular RFA, are you allowed to include URLs in your proposal? I'll let Robert, Elliot, address that, but I thought applicants are free to include URLs. I think maybe your statement is that the reviewers are not required to actually click on it. But I'll let Robert address that. This is Robert. It's a long-standing sort of bone of a contention, I'm afraid, but for reasons of preserving anonymity and just security as far as making sure that applications don't get added with additional material through websites, the reviewers are generally instructed not to go to any URLs that are included in the application. I know this is a problem in these sorts of instances where web utilization is kind of integral, but it's an unfortunate sort of conundrum that we have to deal with. In the review process in general, I follow the policy of the review, is to not have reviewers go to URLs. The only place where URLs are now actually permitted in the biosketch, that's just to allow the reviewers a way to get to your list of applications and those are supposed to be deposited on a publicly accessible database, so it's nothing that you should have any real control over. That's kind of the long and short of it, unfortunately. It would be preferable if you did not put URLs in your application. Again, I instruct the reviewers not to pay attention to them if they're in there. There's some other way that you can depict the information that you're trying to get across. It handicaps you a little bit and maybe more than a little bit, but if you can put in screenshots that are representative of resources, diagrams in your application, then that's generally a typical way that people get around this issue. Just a quick question. You said, but I didn't catch it, where do you put the tool sharing portion in your application? I think you said I just missed what you said. Yes, there's a resource sharing section that you can include in the application and under the resource sharing plans you can include both the tool sharing plan and the software sharing plan. Okay, so now we'll go to the questions that were submitted ahead of time. One more question, please. Yes. What exactly is the difference between tool and software in this context? Can you give a couple of examples? I would say software is a means for a tool, but the tools that we're interested in for this initiative is categorized as theories as a tool. You can argue that theories are not tools, but in this case we're saying theories are tools, models, computational models, and methods, which are tools. These tools are provided could be in the form of equations or software, however way you want to share these tools. Software is just one means of sharing it. I completely understand how to share software. I'm not sure how to share tools or equations. It would be in the papers. That's not obviously what's being meant. I'm confused about what exactly... What could be written in a tool sharing plan? Remember it's a plan for how you want to share it. First of all, you could say that I don't plan to share it in the first two years because we're developing it. Another possible sharing plan is that eventually you'll post it on a website and you'll publish it, of course. You could say that you're going to distribute it to 10 more end users with these types of expertise for them to try it out on their own projects, either testing out a theory, depicting... I'm just making things up at this point. It's a plan on how you want to share. You can use different media for sharing. You could provide a curriculum. You could do a webinar. There's lots of social media things you could do. But it's really to get the word out to the community that you have produced this tool. This is not. Another example might be in terms of delivering software. Maybe you're developing a novel algorithm, a new method for principal component analysis or something like that. You would want to thoroughly describe how your algorithm can solve the problem and how it would generalize to various kinds of problems in neuroscience. But it would be important to show, in other words, to deliver the tool, here's a novel algorithm and here's how it could be used. And it would be well described for the reviewers to assess. Okay, so I'll just try to run through some of these questions that were presented prior to the call. We, of course, welcome international participants. Foreign institutions are welcome to apply as primary applicant or as subcontractors. We cannot point out to other types of grants previously funded because it's a one-of-a-kind RFA. This RFA is a one-time initiative. If people have asked if we have future brain funding, would we possibly reissue it? It will depend on the needs of the community and the needs of the brain initiative. It's a possibility, but at this point it's a one-time initiative. In terms of, I think I've talked about data acquisition, the question is, does this program apply to efforts to obtain data from the sensory environment that a brain has to deal with? I'm thinking about capturing details of motion and position across all of an animal's visual and auditory scenes. So we're not limiting what type of brain application you're applying your tool to. Again, the purpose of the RFA is to develop the tools if they can be applied to a sensory environment to better understand how those brain circuits work. You're welcome to submit your proposal. Does the data have to be publicly available? People have asked about the data that you're using to develop the tool if they need to be publicly available. I think ultimately the tool is publicly available. If you happen to need the data to validate your tool or others need to use that data for whatever reason for your tool, whatever data that is needed should be publicly available. If you only need some privately available data to develop the tool, as long as the tool is publicly available, that's fine. If you have any overlap with a non-NIH proposal, I would recommend that you write it in a very transparent way within the proposal, that this application has overlap with an NSF proposal, should both be funded, I would remove specific game three or whatever it is that has the overlap so that the reviewers also know that you would be addressing the overlap after the review. Any other questions on the line? I have some. For those of us that submit first-time NIH, is there a place with a list of all documents? All right, I missed the last part of your question. Is there a place? Is there some place online with a list of all documents we need to include, like what form this is easy and stuff like that? Yes, so if you do a search for NIH Base S, F as in Frank, 424, you'll find all the forms. Also welcome to send me an email and I'll send you a link. Okay. Okay, I have a question on the duration of the project. Yes. It is listed as being three years. I'm wondering if there is any kind of flexibility on this? It could be four, maybe. I'd have to... Jim, did we have any specific... I think we expected the projects to be three years. If this is a hard limit, there is no way of extending this if needed. No. Okay, thank you. I do have a question about the early stage investigator. Is this proposal, is that... Can that be applied? Or I guess is that even possible to apply as an early stage investigator with this particular funding opportunity? You would self-declare yourself as an early stage investigator. This will use that information in our own programmatic decisions. If you do get funded, I believe you will not be able to qualify yourself as an early stage investigator because you would be a funded R01 awardee. If you're an early stage investigator on a multiple PI project and the other PI's are not early stage investigators and you get awarded, you're also disqualified to apply as an early stage investigator for future R01 awards. It's the grant that we... Are you just listening to it? Yeah, I'm just listening to it. If you... Let's give us an instruction about... What? No. Can you drive? I cannot drive. For some reason, I got dizzy. Are you okay? I have a question. Do you have any guidance for limitation on budgets and specifically do you require modular budgets or anything like that? We don't require modular budgets. Our budgets are not limited, so we expect them to be around 150K to 250K in direct cost per year. Basically, we expect you to request a budget that's required to accomplish the work. Okay, thank you. I have a question. Yes? So, if a particular lab is able to develop the tools and test them, experimentally validate them, collect the data and refine the tools. So, essentially, the team would be one or two collaborators. Would that be against or held against the lab that's not very collaborative with other labs? I'm not exactly sure your question, but we... Our funding decisions are based on a lot of different priorities, first of which is your tool and how broadly your tool could be used to understand brain circuit function. In terms of collaboration, again, you should develop your project team based on what is needed for developing the tool. If you need 10 collaborators, feel free to bring in 10 collaborators. The lab does have the expertise to develop the tools, the quantitative background and expertise, and also doing the biology. My question is, would that be viewed negatively during the peer review simply because it doesn't have this wide... Actually, you can. Collaboration. You can. I'm sorry, I can or I cannot. I don't know. Somebody else is talking online if they can mute their lines. I appreciate it. Your question. So this is Jim. Go ahead, Jim. So you should be prepared to describe and justify why the team you put together is the best team to attack the problem that you're posing. This may or may not be someone in your lab or someone down the hall, but if the best experts in the world to do what it is you're posing are in your lab, then you should be prepared to justify that. Hopefully that answers your question. Kind of a related question. Is it okay to have paid consultants on those applications? Yes, that's fine. Everything should emanate from the tool, the science that you're proposing, whatever it is that you need, what types of collaborators, consultants should be incorporated. Justifying. So I have a related question. So if you have some people that might be able to evaluate your tools, is there a means to have a letter of support added to supplemental data or something like that? So you're saying that you're having people evaluate, but they're not included as end users or they're end users that are incorporated on your project team? It's more that they're end users, but they're not necessarily on the team. Okay. You know, the development team. So it would be nice to have them say, letter of support, you know, we will evaluate or we're interested in this tool. We've gotten various questions on that particular topic. You're welcome to include letters of support from potential end users. Just remember, any additional letters of support, the people named in the letter of support would be put into conflict for reviewing your proposal, obviously. So alternatively, you could list the experts that you would bring in to evaluate your tool. You could say that, you know, that you would bring in these types of experts. Again, put your reviewers hat on when you look at what you write and see how much information would you need. If you require specific types of expertise, you may be better off putting in the actual person rather than the list of expertise. Hopefully that helps. That's helpful. Thank you. I'm sorry, is there a question? Excuse me. Regarding the letter of support, do you need letter of support from members on the team or does it have to be from somebody outside of the team? So I think the previous question was referring to people who are not on the team that you would want to use as end users. You're welcome to have them provide letters of support. I suppose you're welcome to bring in letters of support of members on the team as well to describe how... Robert, do you have any advice on that? Yeah, I was just going to chime in. Thanks, Grace. I think letters of support have good use, but I would be very careful about putting in 50 letters of support. A, it's probably not going to have as much impact or any greater impact on the reviewers than putting in maybe your top five or maybe 10 at the very most. And keep in mind that those people that provide letters of support are probably not going to be asked to review your application. So pick people that you think are going to be representative of what you're trying to accomplish and take the point, but don't belabor the point by putting in reams and reams of letters of support because, ultimately, that can disadvantage you and your application and think about it. Thanks. I have a related question. So I currently name a couple of experimentalists as collaborators, and they're not going to be paid consultants, but they both provide expertise and data to develop and validate my tools. What is their status? Is collaborator the right term? Do I need letters from them? Can you elaborate a bit? Go ahead, Robert, if you want time in first. There are people that you collaborate with on other projects but are not involved in this particular project, and a lot of support is going to be fine from them, but if there are people that are actually going to be involved somewhere with your application, then by all means they should be listed as collaborators. We listed it. In the budget justification, again, budget justification page, you're welcome to list your collaborators, even if you're not providing monetary funding to them. You could list them as not being paid, but providing the data with noise on the line. I would say that it's all how you want to justify how you're developing your tool. Basically, what we're saying is that all these possibilities are fine. You just need to make it clear for the reviewers what roles these people are playing. Does that answer your question? If you have follow-up questions, you're welcome to email. I asked about the early-stage investigator. As part of my team, we'll modify. Okay, hopefully you can hear me. I've forgotten the question. You are a new investigator, and you are the sole PI, and your senior investigator collaborators are not PI, but listed as co-investigators or consultants or collaborators. Then that's fine. You will be the sole PI. You will be... So if you get awarded, then... I'm not sure if I'm answering your question. You would not be qualifying for the new investigator status for future R01. The conference is now in talk mode. I just wanted to make sure that, because when I put together my team, I am the only PI, but I will have consultants and subcontracts in your personnel, and I want to make sure that I'm not violating the early-stage investment. This is a special RFA investigator incentive, a regular R01, or regular mechanisms at the annual age, and so I don't believe you'd be violating any of those policies because you're responding to an RFA anyway. Okay, gotcha. No, I just wanted to make sure it hurts. But if you're self-declaring yourself as a new investigator, I mean, please go ahead and declare it, so we'll know when we're considering funding. Okay, good. Can I add anything to that? Can you hear me? Yes. Okay, yeah, so, for the BRAIN Initiative, ESI, for new investigator status, will not be one of the specific criteria for choosing, like all applicants, consider career stage one of the components. But ESI status will not be an official factor. If I go in and come through, at the same time, really, I'm sorry. But Grace is correct that if you are listed as a principal investigator, as either a PI or a co-PI, you would lose new investigator status with this award. Gotcha. I understand that. Okay. I understand. Thank you. Okay. Hopefully you caught one. This is Robert. Can I chime in one more thing? That's correct. Even if you brought in a similar application, a new application, not as an amended application. So, I think as the others have some stances, they're really pretty minimal. Thanks, Robert. I have another question. Go ahead. And please, if others can mute their lines. Since this is an RFA and not, you know, a typical open call, are there any restrictions on the involvement of federally funded research and development centers? I think the same restrictions apply in that if you're referring to somebody from another government agency being a part of your project, they cannot apply for salary because they'd be already funded by the government. But you could apply for equipment and other things. So, it would be the same kind of restrictions for other government personnel or collaborators. The specific question is that, for instance, at federally funded research and development centers where people aren't on salary, where they're going out and raising their own funding, in general, it's possible to apply to NIH because the calls are open. They're not for specific purposes. However, there are non-competition clauses that have to be addressed for certain kinds of opportunities. And in particular, I'm guessing RFAs would fall into that category. So, I'm wondering if there are additional restrictions for federally funded research and development centers? Do you probably look deeper into this for you if you wanted to send me an email with your specific details? But I don't know, Jim and Robert, if you wanted to chime in. My suggestion is that you send us an email with the specifics of what you are deliberating here and then we can get an answer for you. All right, thanks very much. I have a question. We still have time for that. Yes, please go ahead. You said that international institutions were welcome. Yes. And so, we are an international institution with no experience whatsoever in NIH applications. Okay. So, we were wondering if you can give us any assistance. For example, if we send you a one-page synopsis of project, would you give us some feedback on that if we're going in the right direction? What is just something you wouldn't do? That's true for everyone. We're happy to give feedback in the sense of appropriateness for this call. Of course, Jim and I, we can't really edit text or anything like that, but we could give you a kind of a responsiveness take on your project. Probably if you've never applied to the NIH, we want to make sure that you're all registered to apply and make sure... I think one of the first questions was this person who wanted to apply from Czechoslovakia and they didn't have a DUNS number. I would ask you to send me an email to make sure that you're registered. Your institution is registered with NIH. We are, in fact, registered with SAM. Oh, okay. We have all the necessary registration. Okay. So, we wouldn't want you to have your proposal already to go and then you submit it and you receive errors because of these administrative issues. That's all. Yeah. Thank you very much. I would encourage everyone to submit early, not wait until the last minute, the last day to submit on October 21. Actually, some people are already submitting and receiving errors and it's great to have this extra time to really work out the errors. It could be something very silly as a zip code having entered incorrectly or a wrong email address just to have these errors worked out ahead of time so that that's not the reason why your application was not submitted. Okay. So, I mean, that is a structure that we've provided for you. You're welcome to use it, as you wish. You know, ultimately, we wanted to be a model sharing plan. So, how will you share your model? So, in terms of the model, you know, have modules of the models that would be shareable, you know, with the parameters and the algorithms you're using in the models to be shared. Software-wise, are there any IP issues or interoperability issues to be addressed? It's the structure of, you know, a heading called tool sharing versus software sharing is really for you to use to help you make this information clear to all of us on what exactly you're sharing. Question? Yes? I have one more question or one question regarding the reviewers. Will these be ad hoc reviewers or will you assemble a study group? I'm basically trying to get a better sense for the background of the reviewers for instance, how, you know, mathematically technical there will be or whether there's any ideas about the composition like a mix of experimentalists and theoreticians visited to guide my application in terms of how technical my application should be in terms of, you know, mathematical formulas and derivations or whether I should emphasize more the intuition than the, you know, experimental side. Robert, do you want to take the lead on answering this one? Yeah, sure. I think, you know, at this point it's, well, first of all, it's going to be ad hoc reviewers. This is a special emphasis panel, so it'll be constructed specifically for this RFA. The mix of reviewers will reflect the mix of applications and unfortunately I can't really be any more definitive than that, but I think it's safe to say that there will be a mix of theoreticians, modelers, tool builders. So I would certainly try and make sure that your application is accessible to everybody because everybody on the panel will be ultimately scoring it. Of course, it will be assigned to three and perhaps four reviewers within the panel and they'll be collected based on having the most appropriate expertise for your application, but again, you do have to speak to the larger crowd as well, so I wouldn't over-engineer it, is what I guess I'm saying, is try and make it as detailed as you think it needs to be to really have the quality shine, but at the same time, don't make it so no-pointed that people perhaps a little outside the field can't read it without gaining an appreciation for the general motivations behind it. I would agree with Robert completely and as I had mentioned before, you're welcome to use the cover letter to the application to list the areas of expertise that you wish to be included and again, no names, please, otherwise you'll put them in conflict, but that might help Robert in finding specific experts to review your application. Again, I would write your proposal to be as clear as possible to as many different communities as possible because it's always a communication issue in terms of interpreting what you're trying to say and how the reviewers are interpreting what you're trying to say, and that was the whole reason behind that bullet point identification. If you all were on the same page with what you're trying to say, then I think that helps with most of the review. So be clear and as simple as possible, but with enough detail to satisfy the reviewers' needs to understand where you're coming with your project. This is Robert again. I'm going to chime in talking about conflicts and cover letters. It's very important as well, in addition to not naming names of people that you think could review the application, but just referring to the fields, the flip side is making sure that if there are individuals out there that you feel would be biased in the review of your application. And these have to be really well-validated problems that you've had with people in the past or differences or those sorts of things. Please include those names in your cover letter. It makes a much more compelling case for me to honor your request to put someone in conflict, and it is ultimately up to me to decide. But I'm much more likely to kind of go with your request if it's previously stated. If you see a name on the roster that eventually gets published, say, ooh, I think that person's in conflict. I do look at those claims with a good deal more skepticism because I don't do geek reviews and this isn't like getting a publication in a journal. If you make a claim for a conflict, I will probably press you for specific details as to why that conflict should be instituted. So I'd say if there are any conflicts you have with people in the community out there, make those clear, detailed upfront and I think you'll be more satisfied. Thanks, Robert. Are there any other final questions before we end the call? If not, I'll thank you all for participating and participating in this recording session, and we will post this online. Good luck with your proposal preparations, everyone. Thank you. Bye. Thank you. Thank you.


Over 2,000 internally displaced persons taking refuge at Bacca Camp in North Bank area of Maccordie Local Government area of Benwick State have accused youths of the area of attacking and dispossessing them of their food and other essential items distributed to them by the Benwick State Government. The IDPs who are protesting the criminal action of their suspected youths in the area called on State Government to be for security around the camp, when next they are sending relief items to them to appear further recurrent in the camp. The Benwick State Emergency and Management Agency had sent a truckload of rice, beans, noodles, palm oil, vegetable oil, salt and detergent during the weekend what were fully stolen. It was 150 bags of rice, 150 bags of beans, also 150 bags of curry, they were sheared inside and also the youth around came and packed them inside their tent around here, inside here. But this thing happened yesterday, some of us cried, every time anything comes here they will not allow the government to do for the IDP first, they will start dragging for their own. So the youth started, they were angry, they started removing some bags, started removing some bags. I myself, I dragged a jerry can of oil, the youth gave me a dirty slap today, my back is spinning me. A woman should help us, the only help that the woman will help us, she will take us to our village, because in our village we used to farm humbam quasi, and that humbam quasi we eat, eat and belay food here, we don't have food, how many days are they eat? We need security here, if the artists are coming, the security will be here, if not, if the artists came along we cannot, they cannot get it again, we appeal to the government that she should give us a good attempt. The youth head of the area as well as the youth leader expressed disappointment over their attacks, and promised that these acts will not happen again even as they called on the state government to deploy more security agents to the camp, pending when they are resettled. Whether it was youth or the women that they started coming in, they were impatient, they started coming in, push us, they started pushing us, so that was exactly what happened, that is the only thing I know. I cannot tell you precisely that it was my youth that have done that, I'm just telling you that, we didn't know where those people just came from, they now came and then start attack, and that's where everything was, vanished, they collected everything, it was in my youth, let me put it.


next basic principle which we are going to discuss for store operations is safety a very important point which is in the perspective of store operations in terms of basic rules that is the perspective of safety and in six basic principles it qualifies on the number 4 point so what you have to do you have to ensure a safe environment for customers you have to ensure safe environment for staff you have to ensure the safety, security of the products so in all the perspectives the safety of the products the safety of the customers the safety of the staff of the people in every perspective the safety principle follows so in safety we have three types of perspective but you have to ensure if we talk about product safety first security, health and safety we talk about fire safety so product safety, health safety and then the fire safety we have these three perspectives in general if we talk about food safety fire safety and health and safety first I will quickly tell you what food safety is so it will help you in understanding we have an example you must have heard the concept of HACCP you must have heard the concept of HACCP when we talk about product food safety when we talk about food standards HACCP is the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points this is the first thing we have to do what is food safety you have to identify the Hazard retailer that there is no product Hazards and you have to reduce it so you have to identify the Hazards then you have to take appropriate measures then you have to maintain check that it is not repeated again and on the fourth you have to keep records of every single thing now food safety basically these are four basic points of HACCP in general if we talk about product for cutting the equipment used to cut the fish to cut the meat that knife is used is that equipment properly clean are the principles of hygiene followed if it is so that means you are following the rules of food safety and if it is not so actually you are not following the rules of food safety so the basic principle of score is to ensure that the protocol of food safety is fulfilled then after this we come to health and safety in the store the store manager floor manager department manager everyone is responsible for everybody is held in the store the key management people are responsible for everything in health and safety so what they have to do they have to prevent the stumbling blocks in the aisles the road should not be closed if the luggage is lying on the road the customer can come the customer can get hurt the employee can be injured anything can happen so you have to take care of this as a retailer on the other number you have to set up rules in case of threats for example crisis management if you know that in a store in a place like this where there is a flood there is a bomb there is a panic situation where there is a crisis management so retailer have to set up the rules in case of threats in case of emergencies then what they have to do they have to maintain clean and undamaged shells this again they have to insure what they have to insure also the equipment used it is safe to use these products it is safe to use the equipment no problem with that the products are safe the equipment is safe they have to provide appropriate and safe clothes for the staff the uniform staff is given it is safe it is properly appropriate and there is no problem with that if all these tasks are done so then you are insuring as a team manager safety of your staff of your customers and of your products last we have the point of safety that is the fire safety very important point you often observe when we go to a store on emergency exit if we see such a situation so this is a very dangerous situation that where emergency gate is outside someone has blocked it from some stock that is the dangerous situation and this happens when you know you are not following the basic principles so in case of fire safety strictly observe local regulations for example in your store fire extinguishers you should have equipment so basic regulations you have to fulfill then you have to insure free access to emergency exit which I was talking about that you don't have to block that area emergency signage place emergency signage areas you don't have to block clearly you have to show that what is the plan of my emergency exit in case if something happens team is trained staff is trained people know where to move the customer in case of emergency then you have to promote the awareness of fire safety in the store people you have to properly aware what will happen in case of fire and on this what we will do normally fire safety drills are done training is done in retail stores so that we can execute it properly in case of if something happens then you have to regularly check the operations of fire equipment in the store your fire extinguishers or any other property which can help you to extinguish fire their testing is with the passage of time you have to do it to ensure that whenever if something happens they are in the proper condition proper working condition and then you have to train the staff so that they can use that equipment you have to give the staff to deal with emergency situation so we have safety that point which is food health or fire safety in the perspective of fire safety in the perspective of fire safety basic principles of store operations one of the key components is if a retailer fulfills safety principles it complies it so for sure it is creating a healthy culture creating a healthy environment for the staff for the customers and for the products for them