Every single thing that I own fits into this tiny house. Today, I'm gonna give you a tour. Come on in.  But now, this simple life connected to the earth is the dream that I am living. My life revolves largely around food. Growing food, foraging for food, and that means storing food. In fact, about half of my possessions are jars. Right now, I am eating a completely non-industrial diet. So that means locally grown food, foraged foods. What it means is no conveyor belts, no semi-trucks. We're talking about food straight from the earth in whole form. So that means canning, like this applesauce. Dehydrating, like my herbal teas. Fermenting, like these pickles. Watch this. I just had to do that. I wasted a little bit of brine. And that means just general baskets full of food. You might remember when I owned just 111 possessions in 2016 or when I got my life down to 44 possessions in 2020, all of which fit into my backpack.  Today, I have quite a few more possessions than 44 or 111. And in fact, I just counted them up for the first time and it's about 550 possessions. Right now, I'm living the balance between minimalism, everything being able to fit into a backpack, and being able to have what I need in order to live independent of destructive, exploitative systems. So today, I'm going to show you this balance that I'm living through a tour of this tiny space and through showing you all of my possessions. About 90% of what I own right now is for food. So to put that into perspective, here is the backpack that all my entire life fit into when I own just 44 possessions. And here is my pressure canner, which is one of the things that I use to be able to store food and to live the simple life independent of the global industrial food system. One possession, the pressure canner, about the size of everything that I used to own. Wow, do I miss the life of this level of simplicity, but I also truly love this other form of simplicity. I am much more connected to the earth, I would say, and my need for freedom is met in certain ways and lost in certain ways. My food items include a dehydrator, pressure canner, crock pot, bowls, baskets, and trays for processing, dehydrating, and storing food. Lots of cloth storage bags, a hickory nut, mortar, and pestle for making hickory nut milk, five gallon buckets for food storage from mice and insects and raccoons so they can't get my food. So how many jars do I have? I just counted them today and it's about 300 jars. About 250 or 270 are pint jars and quart jars, and then about 30 or 50 are much larger jars. These are gallon jars. This is apple cider vinegar that I made at home and then for storing things like this is stinging nettle, actually wood nettle that I'll make tea from. Having all of these items helps me to efficiently and effectively harvest, process, and store the bounty that the earth freely and abundantly provides. So when I had just 44 possessions, the thing was I was dependent upon the grocery store. And although I didn't own a refrigerator, most of my food was being stored at the grocery store in the refrigerator. Here I actually live off the grid. Through the processes of dehydrating and canning and fermenting, I'm able to live without a refrigerator or a freezer, which are really huge items. In fact, I live off the grid here. There's no electricity running into this little house of mine. And what I do have for light is this headlamp, which I either put on to my head or I hang right here. And by doing this, it keeps me in tune with the natural rhythms of the earth. By day, I have the natural lighting of the earth and by night, I reduce the amount of light that I'm exposed to to help me get a really good night's rest. This house is wide open. As you can see, there's no screens and there's no windows. And that really works here because in this little region of the Appalachian Mountains, just outside of the Asheville, North Carolina region, there's not too many biting insects, mosquitoes and horseflies and such. So it works. And also on that note, this is not a permanent living situation. I'm just living here for the summer. And with the climate here, this situation works well for about six months of the year, about April through October. One of the balances that I have is my relationship with technology. My dream is to exist completely independent of electronic technology, but I'm always working with that balance. For me, what I choose to use are things that really add value to my life, that allow me to largely step outside of exploitative and oppressive systems. And nothing that's just frivolous, things that help me to meet my basic needs. So for example, I have this battery and I charge this up in the communal space. And then that allows me to charge my laptop. I actually got this so that I can go and do long writing retreats in the woods alone. So a lot of this is what helps me to be of service and it's also what helps me to spread messages. This is my computer and with this, I reach millions of people all over the world. At the same time, I am using social media, which are some, you know, oppressive and exploitative companies that are out there. So again, there's that balance. This is a 10-year-old computer. It's a 2013. And I had another one just like this for seven years that broke. So I just replaced it after seven years of using a secondhand computer and I bought this one for $100 secondhand. I own this iPod Touch and I don't own a cell phone. I haven't owned a cell phone for about seven or so years. But I use this for taking photos and a little bit for social media. So everything you see here, these are all of the technology items that I own besides those couple of kitchen items. So I have the laptop and the charger, the iPod Touch and the charger. Between the computer and the iPod, we're talking $150. The other things that I have are for my bike. I have my bike lights, rear and front and a charger. I have my headlamp. I have my electric razor, which for five years I've used a handheld razor. But I'm using this because, wow, my life is just more convenient with it. So right now I have that as well. And then, yes, of course, the battery here. As I said, there's the dehydrator and the blender that I showed you. Now, one thing that's not here is Wi-Fi. There is no Wi-Fi here. It's about a five minute walk over to the internet. And that really helps me for at least 12 hours of the day. You can't reach me. I'm disconnected so I can be connected. And honestly, this feels like a lot for me. It's more than I would like. But I'm reminded as I walk into my friend's houses and I see all the lights lit up and I see all the outlets full of plugs. And remember just how little this is. So again, it's a balance. And I'm not judging anyone with that. I'm just checking in and seeing where I'm at and checking in with where most of society is at. And I feel pretty good about the minimal amount of technology that I managed to have in my day-to-day life. Although everything I own for technology is right here with me, I do have things stored in the cloud, which means they're stored on a server or someone else's computer somewhere else. But last year in 2022, I made some huge breakthroughs. I deleted almost all of my photos from the last couple of decades. I think about 20 or 30,000 of them. And I deleted about 90% of my documents. So that was about as big of a breakthrough in simplifying and downsizing as I achieved in 2011 to 2013 with my physical stuff. So still making a lot of progress in simplifying and breaking free from stuff. Although I do own this computer, I do not own a cell phone. I got rid of my cell phone in 2016 and I just use Google Voice, which means I'm only accessible when I'm on Wi-Fi or with the people that are in front of me. And when I got rid of that cell phone in about 2016, that was actually the last bill to my name. You'll notice that most of this stuff is plastic. There's a lot of plastic here. And I try to minimize the plastic in my life. And one area where I have just perfected that is my clothes. So I'm gonna take you, well, we don't have to go far, to see my clothes that have no plastic. I simplified my clothing down about 10 years ago and now there's just one me. There's no business clothes to put on a costume to prove that I'm someone else to society. There's just one me. These are all of my clothes, plus what I'm wearing. And right now I've counted it to be, I believe, 12 items. I have five t-shirts. I have a wool sweater. Right now I have three pairs of shorts, including the ones that I'm wearing. And then I have a pair of pants. I have this shawl that I wear, which actually was a tablecloth. And then I have my hat. So I believe that is 12 clothing items. And it is summer right now, so I'm going to be getting some more clothing items in the fall. And I've made a huge step this year. After 10 years of transitioning my life, I now have 100% natural fiber clothing. So no synthetics, no polyester. I shed myself of my last one this year. And right now I'm actually transitioning to 100% homemade natural fiber, including the thread and naturally dyed clothing so that I can naturally dye when I'm in the earth, when I'm on the earth, so that if I dye in these clothes, I just simply return to the earth with no littering whatsoever. So these are shorts that are dyed with walnut and this shirt is dyed with mint.  As you know, I like my green shirts, so I have more work to do. And I'm working with an apprentice who is helping me to break free from all industrial clothing. So natural dye, natural fiber, and even the buttons are made out of wood so I can truly return to earth in these clothes. Currently, I don't own shoes. It's been about five or so months since I've owned shoes. Now with winter coming, I'm going to need to make a pair. Now, why don't I have shoes? Well, it's because I simply believe in the human body. I believe that this body works and I believe that millions of years of evolution has designed something that works more than a company like Adidas or Nike that's what, a hundred years old and that at the same time as making shoes is profiting billions of dollars and spending millions and millions of dollars on advertising all to say I simply believe in the human body.  This is the rosary pea. I harvested them in Florida and they are one of the most poisonous or toxic plants on earth. One of these little peas ground up into a powder and ingested and I would return to the earth. I have these just in case there's a time when I want to return naturally to the earth, I would just have to get to the forest where people aren't gonna find me and let my body return to the earth. Now I'm not gonna go into too much detail about the death beans right now, but if you would like to know a lot more about my thoughts on death, post a comment and if a lot of you are wanting it, I'll do a video. In the meantime, I have a video that's called on health insurance, age and death and that's one that I would definitely recommend watching. Decorations are a big area for a lot of people to really build up a whole lot of possessions. So what I do is my decorations are mostly the things that serve a purpose for me and I try for most of all of my decorations to be things that I harvest from the earth and I can just simply return to the earth. Of course my food like my pumpkins and my jars of sauerkraut and pickles serve as a beautiful decoration with character in my home and other things, these are reishi mushrooms that I harvested this spring and I'll eventually either make tea from them or simply return them to the earth. I have my bundle of field garlic that I harvested here that sits perched up here, sharing a story about my life and then here I have turkey feathers. These came from a turkey that was hit by a car. I harvested these from the side of the road and then owl feathers also from an owl that was hit by a car and these not only serve as my natural decoration but these also serve as my gifts. Behind them I have a story to share a personal connection to them and there's no money that's needed in order to share a gift and love. So my decorations and my gifts come straight from the earth and I am not an owner of them. I'm just a temporary steward holding onto them in a place and time until eventually they return to the earth. So I'm gonna show you my books but as I'm sitting here I'm noticing, oh man, an old shoot up apple. So definitely living in this open house. The squirrels get at my food and I often come home and they're in here chewing up my foods and looks like they've been here and done this a couple times. Here's another apple clover. So yes, I am living more closely connected with the earth here. So my books, I wanted to show you these. I probably own about 50 or so books personally but I actually started a community library a couple of years ago when I started a, through my nonprofit I had a team of people living and working together and I started a community library. So my nonprofit owns about 300 or so books which right now are stored underneath the bed. Books are one of my most important possessions. In these books I have the knowledge that I need in order to live alternatively from these broken destructive systems. So these books include a lot on sustainable living, foraging, growing food, food cooking and preservation, simple and sustainable living, mindfulness, enlightenment, philosophy of life, alternative human history, tools to create an equitable and just society, black liberation and indigenous sovereignty and knowledge. If the internet were to go down, I have the knowledge that I need to live closely connected to the earth and to be ready for it. So these books are very important to me. Now this is the bed that I'm sleeping on or sitting on is where I sleep and I got this bed off the side of the road. It was being thrown away and I'm very pleased with it. It's very comfortable. The comforter I got from the thrift store and the pillow and the blanket I'm actually borrowing from my friend Natalie and we'll give back to her when I keep on moving from here. So a bed is very important for me for a good night's rest and this is one of those things that the bed, it's like, yeah, I have it right now but when I leave from here, I'll pass it on to someone else. So ownership with some things, it's like, you know, I don't have a clear line of ownership or not. One area where I do still have a lot of plastic is my camping gear. So here I have a backpack, sleeping pad, tent and sleeping bag. And I'm working on getting away from the plastic in this area but this is one area where I'm still using it. I go out, I almost don't even consider it camping. For me, it's just being out in my other home, a part of the earth and so I'm out there a lot and so a good night's sleep is very important and what's in here provides that for me. A good night's sleep out in the forest or out on my canoe trips. Those are the places where I rejuvenate and refresh to come back and be of service. One thing that's really important for me in keeping my possessions to a minimum is having just more or less one of everything, not a whole bunch for different scenarios. And so most of my camping gear is the same things that I use at home. There's just maybe a dozen or maybe two dozen items, probably less than that that are solely what I use when I'm out there in the woods. I practice a very simple and natural personal hygiene. So no deodorant, no face wash or body wash, no shampoo or conditioner, no cologne, nothing that I put on my body as toxic to me or toxic to the earth. So when I bathe and whatever I put on me comes off, it can return to the earth without polluting it. The basic things I have are my toothbrush and my toothpaste. I have a little bit of sunscreen here, especially for my nose. And then I have a little bit of body oil for treating myself. I have basic coconut oil and some moisturizer. There are essential oils. I generally always have lavender, tea tree and peppermint. And then I have some biodegradable soap for my hands and a few other items like dental floss, which is biodegradable, a pair of little scissors, a little, this is actually a nut pick, but I use this to clean my teeth so I have less dentist visits and of course, nail clippers.  I use these for those loud nights. So that's more or less what I have for my personal hygiene. The idea is I don't have to go to the store much. The idea is I just let my body do the work. I, you know, you might be wondering about armpit smell with no deodorant. Check in with the thousands of people that I've hugged over the last 10 years and ask them what they think. Most of them will tell you that I sometimes smelled like lavender fresh and other times maybe I had a little bit of a smell. But my belief is that it's fine to smell a little bit and that we are animals and it's natural to smell a bit. Being off the grid here, how do I shower? Well, I don't have water right here. It's a five minute walk to the nearby spring and that is where I simply fill up a gallon jug and then dump it over my head and enjoy that cold 55 degree water on my body. And it's my time to just connect with the earth. It's one of my most beautiful times of the day. Or I go swimming. It's about a five minute bike ride to the nearby river and that is where I immerse with the earth and spend connected time with the earth. In fact, my shower time is one of my most connected times and I try to stay out of those caves inside of people's houses as much as possible. You might remember I actually did a year without showering. Actually, it was a thousand days without showering and still I hop into showers as little as possible. I fill up my water jugs at the nearby spring and I drink straight from the earth. No chemicals, no fluoride, no chlorine, just beautiful water straight from the earth. I do have this water filter here but I actually don't need it being here on site but when I've lived in the city this has been excellent for removing chemicals and pollutants. I also harvest rainwater and this is the simplest system I've ever used. There's no gutter and there's no downspout. It's simply the drip edge and it comes down into some buckets and pots. So if you have a roof, you can harvest rainwater. It's as simple as that. And I also do drink this water. It's clean straight from the sky but once it's been sitting in these buckets and on the roof where there's squirrel poop and bird poop and such, I put it right through the filter and I love drinking rainwater just as much as the spring water. This is my simple outdoor kitchen. When I moved into this house there was just this bench here and so with my friend Chad we just added on this section so I have a little bit more space. I cook with this little rocket stove which is fueled from wood that I harvest right here in the woods nearby. It gets the job done.  As far as washing my dishes I use rainwater and I just have this simple wash basin which that water is actually used. Well, I'll show you in a minute where that goes. As far as my pots and pans you'll see they're all either cast iron or stainless steel, no aluminum and no Teflon or non-stick. I have basic, you know, basic accessories and again, there's no plastic. It's wood or it's stainless steel or it's glass. So I keep all the toxic stuff out of my kitchen whenever possible. And same with my dishes. My dishes are either, I mean, mostly jars and they're either glass, wooden or metal. And then of course the towels. So I have my rags and my towels all are made from natural fabric so that when I'm done with them if they get old and raggedy I can just compost them. This is my compost toilet. I had this built by a friend for $15 worth of materials all secondhand. It's basically just a wooden box and inside is a five gallon bucket.  Instead I compost it. What I do is I just poop as I normally would and then afterwards I take some sawdust and I sprinkle that on there and then there's no smells and very few flies. I compost my poop just like I compost my food scraps and the plants in the yard. The difference is that I compost it for an entire year and that kills all the pathogens. Anything that could make us sick is killed by composting for an entire year. Of course my toilet would not be complete without this. This is one of my important possessions and it helps raise up the legs which gives you a more natural flow. And this system would not be complete without growing my own toilet paper. So come on over here. This is Plecranthus Barbatus, the blue spur flower and here is Mullin. This is the toilet paper plant of the North and then this is a more tropical toilet paper plant. And what I love about this plant, it is as soft as can be and it's in the mint family so it even has a nice minty smell. This is a plant that I absolutely love so much. And that water from the kitchen that I use to water the plants. So the dish water is part of a closed loop system that helps me to grow my own toilet paper and that keeps me from having to go to the grocery store. Lastly, as far as peeing goes, I don't generally pee in the toilet. Instead, I just pee right on the trees. Not on the trees, at the base of the trees. By now you might have noticed there is no garbage can or recycling bin in this house. The reason why? I work really hard to create as little trash and recycling as I can. This bag right here is my bag of recycling and trash and generally in a week or so I might fill this up.  Your standard things like your food scraps and your plants, cardboard and paper. When I cut my hair, it returns to the earth. When I cut my nails, it returns to the earth. No part of my body is going to the landfill. Now that's a huge difference compared to the average US American who creates four and a half pounds of trash per day which you may have seen from my month of living like the average person and wearing every piece of trash that I created and ended up being 87 pounds of trash the first time and about 70 pounds the second time. And I was a walking billboard for consumerism showing us how much trash just one of us creates. You'll notice that there's no toys in the house. There's no kids here and there's no family. This is something that I have personally chosen very intentionally at the age of 25 about 11 years ago, I got a vasectomy. And the reason why is that I had decided that I was going to dedicate my life to being of service in a way that was extreme, in a way that was most easily facilitated without having children or a marriage. And so, yes, the way that I'm living my life is designed around not having children and that idea is impermanence.  I can do things in a way where there are not things that can be leveraged over me such as money or family. This year I have been doing a lot of work and I'm one of the things I've done to become more whole and more connected is I'm taking a year off of romance and a year off of sex, some would call that celibacy and it has been a very meaningful, connective year. As I've not had that connection, I've found a much deeper connection with my community, the earth all around me. Another big development in 2022 after a year of simplifying was getting rid of my last identification. In 2016, I cut up my driver's license and burned my social security card.  No credit card or bank account for the last seven years. I also have no credit score. In 2022, I lost my passport and I decided not to renew it. I was in Los Angeles and upon returning to Asheville, North Carolina, where I was living at the time, I composted my birth certificate, which was the last piece of identification that I had. It has been one year since then without an official form of identification. I have no health insurance, no life savings, no retirement fund. I don't take a government check or social security and although some websites, some net worth websites will report that I am a celebrity millionaire, well, it couldn't be further from the truth. I don't monetize my social media and my current net worth is, well, I have about $1,200 in cash, but I took out a personal loan of about $4,000. So I'm about negative $3,000 and as far as the value of all of my stuff, I calculated it to be about maybe $4,000. So right now my net worth is less than zero, about negative $1,000. I have just cash, which I store in this little pouch that a friend made for me, but I don't need a big pouch because I have committed to life to earning less than the federal poverty threshold and to donating 100% of my media earnings from TV, books, et cetera, directly to grassroots activists, organizations and initiatives that don't receive the funds equitably from, for example, our federal taxes. I've vowed for life since 2015 to not paying federal taxes and instead equitably distributing the funds that I receive to places that can really serve the people and at the same time using this as a means to keep my money and my involvement out of oppressive and exploitative systems like the prison industrial complex, the military industrial complex, police brutality and then the lobbying of Big Pharma, Big Ag and all of these organizations buying our politicians. I keep my money out of that system so that I can put my money into places that truly serve the people. Although I don't personally have a bank account, I am a part of a nonprofit called Regeneration Equity and Justice and through the nonprofit, I work to provide resources for regenerating our earth and creating more equity and justice. Couple of things we've done, we have planted thousands of community fruit trees all across the United States or Turtle Island and we've provided free seed packs to over 40,000 people to help them break free from Big Ag and grow their own food. So although I am personally living this life of simplicity, the idea is to do this in a way that can be a resource using my privilege, my skills and my abilities to be of service to earth and humanity. So with all that I have given up, here I am. I still exist. Every time I get rid of these things that society thinks we can't exist without, I look around, I feel my chest, I call my friends and I see that here I am. I still exist. I am a part of community. And over the last decade, that's probably the most important thing that I've learned and that is that community is the solution to so much of our problems. And so for me, all of this is about being a part of community. I live here alone right now in this little shack. I spend a lot of time in solitude, but it's all about community. And I want to be clear and transparent that so many of my needs are met by community. This isn't about self-sufficiency. I'm really dependent upon others and others are dependent upon me. How I ended up here as a part of this community was actually by meeting a dear friend, Natalie Bogwalker who's the creator of this space where I am right now, a place called Wild Abundance in Weaverville, Barnardsville area, just north of Asheville, North Carolina. For my tiny house that I had in San Diego and in Orlando, I did a work exchange in order to use that space with the landowner. Today, there is no exchange. It's just human beings helping human beings, human beings connecting and helping to meet each other's needs. A note that I'd really like to share and that I would feel incomplete without saying it is that I don't really believe much in land ownership. I think it is mostly an illusion. So although this land is indeed owned by Wild Abundance, this land and all land here on Turtle Island was stolen through genocide and colonization from the hundreds of indigenous cultures that lived here before us and kept in ownership by the white people through the enslavement of Africans that were stolen from their land. So any idea of rightfully owning this land or even land ownership to me is a state of delusion to a large existence. So I have chosen not to own land because I believe the earth cannot be owned. One thing that I went without when I owned just 44 or 111 possessions was a bicycle. And the bicycle is one of the most important and powerful tools that I can ever own. This is my primary source of transportation. I don't own a car. I've been 10 years without a car and about seven years or so without a driver's license. And so this is a beautiful, important tool for me. This is a touring bicycle. It's a 1982, so it's about 40 years old and I got it for $700. And a touring bicycle is one that's designed to go long distances and carry gear. So it has a bike rack on it and it has these bike bags or paniers. So I can do my errands, I can go long distances. In fact, I've ridden across the country three times. Those were all on a bamboo bicycle. This is a steel frame bicycle and the reason I like this is it's very simple, very easy to work on. I can do repairs myself or bring it into any local bike shop or bike co-op to get some repairs done. Another really key thing on here is a rear view mirror, which especially for the roads that I'm riding on around here. And I wanna be transparent. I think this goes without saying, but I still get into cars. Although I don't drive, I'm in them. My activism takes me far outside of these hollows, far outside of this community. My community is very much a global humanity and across this nation. And so when I'm out, I get into buses and trains and cars and as much as I'd love to only ride my bike everywhere I go, I'm still burning fossil fuels. I feel like it is the tool that I, that still makes sense to use to create the change that I wish to see in the world. I'm able to live with much fewer items than most people because I've embraced that the earth provides me with all of my basic needs. I practice a deep level of gratitude and of celebration of life for the absolute most basic things around me. And this creates wholeness and completeness that these mega corporations who want to sell me their stuff cannot penetrate through. It creates a foundation of balance, of presence, of completeness and wholeness by focusing again on just the basics. The birds chirping, the plant and animal relatives around healthy food, clean water, fresh air, the things that we can focus on to bring ourselves into a state of simplicity. At the same time, it's also important to note that what I'm doing is not accessible to everyone. And that's not my intention. I am living an extreme life because our society is so extreme. Here in what we call the United States, we have just 5% of the world's population, but we consume 25% of the world's resources. That by definition is extreme. What we call normal isn't normal. The American dream, I view it as the world's nightmare. But yes, again, what I'm doing is not fully accessible to all. There's so many lessons within what I'm doing that are accessible and available to each of us to take away, but I do want to very much acknowledge the privilege that I have as a white person, as a man, as a person who grew up in this country that we call the United States. And the list goes on of the number of privileges that I have that allow me to live in this society, in this dominator society that was ultimately designed for me. And I think to not acknowledge that would leave out a really big part of the picture. So, with acknowledging my privilege and understanding my privilege as I've been working to do over the last handful of years, it comes down to knowing that I have this privilege. How do I use it? Do I live in a way that exploits and takes from others? Or do I live in a way where I use my privilege to create resources for others around me and to spread out the resources and the privilege that I have so that others who generally have less are able to access more and to live lives that are more where their basic needs are met, where they can connect with the earth, where they can be a deeper part of humanity and community. And so that's what this is really about, helping others to deeply reconnect with earth by myself doing it. I stand pretty deeply outside of a lot of societal structures. There's a lot of laws that exist by government that I don't follow, but what I choose to follow is earth code. I live in a way where if it's beneficial for the earth and it's beneficial for my community and it's beneficial for myself, but it doesn't harm others, that's what I call earth code and that's where I choose to live. I hope that spending this time with me here in this little tiny house, this little shack, has been an eye-opening experience for you and that you've learned a lot. I hope that you'll take some of these things away with you and bring them into your life. I've created so many resources on my website and here on this YouTube channel for you to dive a lot deeper. And if you'd like to, if you're not already subscribed, please feel free to subscribe and join me here where I will be for decades ahead sharing knowledge, inspiration and hope to be the change that you wish to see in the world and for us to grow together as a community reconnecting with earth.


Okay, well, good evening everybody, and we hadn't checked this with each other Can you still see it? Carl, can you still see my slides? Yes, I can. Oh, okay I'm not getting them here We can certainly see them out here, and we can actually see your face and Carl's shoulder too So as long as you can see it there, Tim, by all means, please go ahead Well, I can't see my I can't see my soul Okay, now we're back. Okay. Well, good afternoon everybody and good evening and I'm really not gonna have much different than John We didn't to get together and talk about these before but What I have to say and my prices and so on really coincide quite closely with John So I don't know if that was quick, so it's a what but it came out. So Move along here just a couple of housekeeping details before we go on I do Have this presentation on my website. You see my website there This one I am not going to change but I do have a cattle situation and outlook on my website So most of the charts you see here tonight if you go just to the cattle situation outlook You can find updates in upcoming weeks, but this particular one will not be Changed I did update a couple of slides. I'll try to remember when we get to them. I did update a couple Just because of the down market today and so on and what like I said I'll try that you might having your hand out if you made a copy because I did so Again John mentioned this, but all beef and cattle market classes have broken records for the last several years so record high prices are not unusual and In fact last week we set all kinds of records The both the life cattle and feeder cattle futures were record high last week on Wednesday Now they did back off Thursday and Friday back up yesterday and down again today So that's that volatility that John mentioned and that is just going to be with us But they were record high Less than a week ago all-time record high and life of contract high the cash fed cattle market I've got a chart to show you was record high last week and the feeder cattle Again were record high last week and unlike the futures that Stumble a little bit today in Oklahoma City the cash market there today was that was up again on calves and Just some more on that in a little while too. So, you know down there at the bottom What could derail price as well from a fundamental supply and demand standpoint were in good shape and and into? 2015 there We could set a record again next year for sure the first part of 2015 We're going to be above 2014 because we went up the entire year, but by the end of the year Next year we expect prices to be Similar to where they are now There's a chance and then when you look at the fed cattle futures that they could even be a little lower But we could break an annual record We will be higher in the first part of the year and have to see what happens in the second part of the year with Corning and particularly for the feeder cattle. So I like to show charts I don't like to have word slides, but if I only had to show you one slide tonight It would be this one because it simply highlights The conditions and why we have record high prices and what's going on there, you know Only two things affect prices and that's supply and demand. It's just that there are a lot of factors under Demand and a lot of factors under supply But what we have of course in here all aware of this is we have an extremely short supply of cattle Demand is good. It's getting better and probably next year will be better But you know on the supply side our feeder cattle supply is very very tight I've got a chart to show you on that plus we're keeping more heifers back. So the supply is available for Feeding or a lot less our beef production is going to be done It has been down six percent so far this year and it's likely done six percent for the entire year Steer slaughter down three heifer slaughter down nine beef cows slaughter down 18 percent dairy cows slaughter 10 percent So I mean our slaughter is way down and our birds have been liquidated and we're trying to rebuild then We take our slaughter done on the demand side again Kind of surprising to a lot of people is how strong our exports have been our quantity so far And we're about a month and a half to two months always behind on getting the final data Even with record high prices and the dollar increase in quite substantially to many other currencies We're actually still one percent higher on Quantity and of course with the record high prices our value of our exports are up 13 percent Biproduct value again is due to the export market because we export a lot of our byproducts including our hides and Tongues livers everything else is record high about right now $16.50 per hundred weight on a live fed steer is due to the byproduct value alone That's up a couple dollars from last year on the domestic economy our economy is improving slowly and It's probably will you know keep improving slowly North Dakota is the exception or we're booming But you know the Detroit's and LA's in New York City You know more people are working unemployment is falling slowly so those are good signs for peddling meat Particularly at the high prices and then of course another unexpected thing that happened this year on the demand side Is we had lower pork and poultry production than we originally had bought? PED and hogs and then some genetic problems and poultry that will and is Turning around for 2015 so that's kind of a concern for the second half of next year Particular unfit catalyst that we're going to have a lot more meat there So with those words and we'll just look at the charts Again John mentioned price volatility in this slide I just kind of like to use because it shows over a longer time here during the ethanol era and so on How volatile prices have been but you know the run-up in cattle and And this is just nearby corn and feeder cattle futures has just been phenomenal Because I don't know if that's my pen here or not He's going to try to find my pen so he could do a little bit of writing. Yeah Forget it. I'll just kind of use I'll just use me. Yeah, okay I'll just use my cursor anyway in 2010 feeder cattle futures were $90 and now they're 130 that blue line there So, you know just in the last four years just a phenomenal run-up and of course corn has been all over the board We've had $8 corn and now today the nearby is 357 was up 11 cents to get it up to 357 so Just a lot of volatility. There is a kind of an opposite relationship there that I'll show you next between corn and feeder cattle, so You know, we don't know what the corn crop is going to be next year for sure We know we're going to have fewer acres of corn, but we don't know what weather is going to be and the change in corn prices and the opposite change in feeder cattle can be quick like it was back in 2012 and you know when we had a $664 the black line here is cattle just think of that we have a lot of black cattle and the green line is Corn that's when it's growing. It's Yellow now and so that's the difference But you know in one month we adjusted from 164 feeder cattle down to 140 and corn went from $5 up to You know way up to $8 in just a month there So, you know things can happen fast that could happen next year I'm not saying that it will happen, but it's a concern and you know something to be aware of and this year then come down to A much more gradual change. We dropped corn That you know was up about five dollars a bushel corn just went down from me all the way through now And Then on the other side Feeder cat, you know as corn went down every day feeder cattle went up every day So we went from 180 up to 240 and now we've backed off to 230, but anyway We have to keep corn in the back of our minds In moving into into the next year's outlook that I'll give you in a minute. So again a little bit on Feeder cattle supplies, of course are Lower than they have been for many many years. I just go back to 1984 here last year's mission he missing because Just remember that We didn't do a July cattle inventory report last year because of budget Concerns and so but it would have been kind of right in between here Here's our feeder cattle supply outside of feedlots on July 1st And that's the reason we have record high feeder cattle prices is just because we Have such a small supply of them and on the replacement heifer side This is actually January 1st, but we've been increasing replacement heifers that takes calves out of the you know feedlot Sector there and Coming up January 1st That feeder cattle supply is probably even going to be lower because we had a lower calf crop this year and we're this replacement heifer category is going to be higher and so Again on the feeder cattle side available for feedlots. We're going to be very very Short there on you know, I didn't bring the slide, but on North Dakota here on the replacements We have quite an opposite situation if I showed you the North Dakota slide actually North Dakota replacements the last several years here have been the highest in fact 2013 was the Was the third highest ever number of replacements we had all the way back to 1920 So be a much different slide here because we have been expanding in North Dakota Go to these calf pricing again John talked about that But we just had a phenomenal run this year as you're well aware of last year We were talking at this time about calf prices There in 2013 at you know about a dollar seventy four or something now or you know by the end of October Approaching 180 now there 280 so we had a hundred dollar change in calf prices in a year So yeah, John's right there expensive again With this rapid run-up everybody's asking how much further can they go or are they going to go down and the answer to how much Further they can they go is all based on corn And so what we've been saying all along is as long as corn keeps going down feeder cattle are going to keep going up but Corn now has stabilized in fact corn prices are up 37 Cents in October alone. They went down all the way through September But in October here just in the two weeks in October. They went up 37 cents So corn is pretty well stabilized probably not going to go any more And that means that that's going to put the lid on feeder cattle But at record high levels and again volatility maybe I'll talk about Just a little bit more at the end, but and and we did see the three dollar down on futures today That was for a variety of reasons One is corn went up 11 cents today Fed cattle backed off some today Even though the cutout value was up today fed cattle were off some and it's you know We're ramping up pork and poultry production and that's starting to show up And so at least from the futures market standpoint, that's a concern The other thing is you know if you watch throughout the day on the futures today They were actually up a little bit there until 10 o'clock between 10 and 10 15 They fell a dollar then they stabilized and then about noon They fell the other two dollars just in about five minutes That is the funds are we're bailing out of the market the funds like Bull markets and so they have pulled out drastically out of the grain market Because it went down down down and again they're hedging against inflation and so they like to be go long And so they have went to other things although the last remaining place for the ones that do like to have some commodities has been The hog market earlier that then changed and now the cattle market and it's just today And you know when they watch charts very closely and some reversal on the charts And so it was the funds bailing out, but now On the futures market side Actually the cash market the nearby cash market the CME cash settlement and and cash prices are Just for the nearby October feeder cattle futures are the cash market of several dollars above the futures and Again the October closes here the last Thursday of the month only a couple weeks away And so they have to be the same on that date. So that's going to put you know somewhat a floor on We're not going to see futures just down three dollars down the limiter Continuing down at a drastic pace, but but anyway in the longer term I'll look out here in these calf prices We've stabilized them here at these levels. There is a Winter wheat is really the best winter wheat. We've had in the south for quite a number of years I just talked to my counterparts in Oklahoma and Texas Colorado today on we had a conference call and there's a really good demand for winter wheat calves because the cheap gain it's gonna gonna dry up anyway, and So that's you know helping to spark these lightweight calves down in that country that we haven't seen too But again Stabilizing here, maybe could even back off when the heavy runs start here a few dollars by the end Next year again, then we'll be above that you know up in that to 60 plus area for the Next year and again depends on whether it rains and then how many corn acres does look we're gonna get and so on But by the end of the year Where we are next year likely to be you know in this Similar category we're not going to see another hundred dollar increase in prices if that's what you're hoping for But you know still at good levels here switch to the heavier weight Faddle in again about $80 above where they were last year We've got the futures on there. We're right around 240 now and these futures are a couple days old and But again the nearby October futures now today are 239 and Going to the November futures the next one there at 237 Back them off a little bit more than that into the January and it is not today's at 231 in the March at 229 so anyway that then the futures kind of says the same thing I said on calves is it the market is kind of leveled off will be above next Next year will be above forward this year at the beginning of the year But you know closer to where we are now at the end of the year and we don't You know it's not impossible, but further large increases are just not expected there John kind of mentioned Some Prices here, and this is last week's weekly summary I just want you to kind of concentrate on this fight, you know like he said AMS is usually reporting for markets in North Dakota now They're only in the last few weeks owner reporting one or two because the calves aren't coming to market yet Because still harvest going on as well out there. There's grass But on these 550 to six weight calves at the two markets are only a hundred of them But look at the range in price there the range in price there is is you know from from 265 to 290 an average of 281 So there's a wide range in calf prices that range when the heavy-running hits is probably even going to be wider than that Because of all the different factors that affect calves, but when we get to a budget and I'm going to show you again 265 works better than 290 and so that's all part of the equation If you're buying calves and pricing your own calves there And here's the heifers John mentioned heifers that are being discounted So you go to those 550 to six weight heifers again, they're lower than Steers and But you know these Replacement quality heifers if you go and there's some 552 is it over three dollars or more than steers And so we're going to see more and more of that the further closer we get to spring the more demand Replacement heifers are going to be so we're going to see heifers selling at or above steer prices for the for the for the very good Replacements, but right now some of these market heifers aren't cheaper and I agree with John That's it'll be a good opportunity a little bit of slaughter steers because that does affect feeder cattle prices again this past week We were record high on them, but you know what? At all-time Record high prices the previous record high this year was the end of July Which usually is a seasonal low but that was done had a lot of factors going on very short of slaughter steers and Retailers short bought and bought it back up and now last week were record high on slaughter steers and again the futures You know are at least still indicating this is the top futures are for this year Indicating even some more improvement. It's possible a little bit by the end of the year Next year be above what they were at the beginning, but again by next year could be a little bit lower on the futures especially if You know depending on how we wrap up work brush so move along here then as John mentioned calves are very very expensive Should we sell them or should we do some backgrounding and yeah If you sell them like he showed you're gonna get $1,500 for some of those steers. I have a budget here in my website Just Google livestock economics. It's not much different than John's These are 550 in and 750 out going two and three-quarter pounds of dates You know he showed you about a $50 on them and I'm showing you about a $50 What I just wanted to show you is you know, we've brought calf prices up from 174 was my the budget that I'm think I showed you last year. We had 174 calves in we were projecting 155 out we had $4 corn and we're rejecting a $50 profit this year to 80 in 230 out To 60 corn and it's still $50. So every year at this time the market says that people need $50 to background steers and so that's what it off from last year We turned off a lot that turned out a lot better because prices kept going up instead of 155 We sold them for 170 or more and so instead of making 50 we made 150 We don't expect that to have Carl's laughing there Huh, but we don't expect that run-up in in prices and the futures don't indicate it is it possible Well, you have corn crashes or something else isn't well, we don't expect that to happen this year. So Again, then I just did some sensitivity here of calf prices versus out prices for the 750s and what profit might be again I was at 280 in and 230 out my so my $50 is right in there But you would go down to those 265 calves that I showed you You know, there were at the market we have 265 to 290 calves on that market last week And so that makes a big change in potential there of Profits or maybe adding some value to some cheaper calves is the way you can background You know some people John mentioned corn and some people kind of questioned My 260 corn because it's 180 or something in my head I guess or you know at birth old there just over to but at these prices of feeder cattle and at lower corn prices actually corn prices Don't make a big difference again. You know if we take $275 calves You know corn prices from 220 to $3 you're only Increasing the break-even by about $2 a hundred weight and you know right in there about 219 So we can have a wide range of corn prices there doesn't affect the break-even price that much and so again corn prices all over the board so a Lot of price risk management strategies Last year I'll show you a chart in a minute. I guess they didn't work Maybe some floor protection may be warranted in case some catastrophic event does happen or Whatever and you know kind of pick your poison here Which is best is you know easy for me to say and if we're going to continue to have an uptrend Like we did last year the cash market is best if we're going to have a downtrend You know pre-pricing them now Futures or forward contracting some would be the best if you don't know what they're going to do or if you want some floor then Doing an option or LRP You know gives you some floor protection, but leaves the upside potential open as well. So Again, here's the March feeder cattle futures. They've just been up up and up We've backed them off and again, we're down the limit today, but we don't expect them to crash on Down by twenty dollars or so on but again as John mentioned volatility is going to be the name of the game and So it's not expect unexpected that we'll see limit movements and we'll you know down and in some movement up And and but you know we're pretty toppy here on the chart again So our expectations and much higher futures into Prices into March are not expected this year like happened last year Last year of course on the bottom here the futures kept going up all the time So price protection is not necessary. We go back to 2013 here in October Or we had a hundred and fifty dollar futures It depends in 2013 it all depended on when you priced your calves in and in the background at catalog If you priced them in in October here, and you came out in January You did okay if you priced them in later You know in say in December and Then you didn't bring them out till March you lost money backgrounding. So again, it's kind of a you know the price protection would have been warranted. So it's a timing issue and And you know that's all part of the volatility that we're dealing with Anyway, Carl I'm gonna quit there. I don't know if you want to take a question or Move along, but I'm finished We have is there any questions out there for Tim on this? Tim I've been looking through the numbers and going really it's been a 450 to 600 dollar per head increase compared to last year Yeah, we were 100 dollars higher. It's yeah, absolutely Uncapped we we talk about our memory is usually nine months long. We forget about what happened a year ago Yes, well, and that's what happens. It's not gonna happen again What I don't make the question how about it going down? How quick might it go down? Is it gonna happen in one year two years or no fun? Yeah? If we have a catastrophic event, yes something like I said we need to watch corn next year We're gonna have fewer acres of corn that is a given. We're gonna plant more beans less corn and and Less double cropping corn for sure in the corn belt. How many acres are gonna go down? We still don't know Now everybody's watching Brazil for their soybean crop and their corn crop will Determine prices in the spring to help plan these but we're gonna have less corn And so we're gonna have to have good weather because we need a lot of corn because we're gonna We you know, we're still using corn enough and all although we've backed off prices So that's the thing to watch this spring is acres and corn price But but otherwise fundamentally we're gonna have less feeder cattle next year than we have this year So supplies are gonna remain very tight again with you know Demand is improving on the Fed cattle side. So we will hope should hold calf prices that Good levels again next year and even the you know the next year, but I think the the the advance is over Well from a cow calf producing standpoint, that's just excellent news to hear Thanks, Tim. If you're barge eating and buying calves and selling. Yeah, that's a margin business The cow calf sector is going to be very well rewarded this year in the next couple years


السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم والصلاة والسلام على سجدنا وحبيبنا وشفيعنا وقائدنا وقرة عيوننا سجدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم يا ربنا لك الحمد كما ينبغي لجلال وجهة وعاضين سلطانك اللهم افتح علينا افتح العرفين اللهم معلمنا بما ينفعونه اللهم معلمنا ما ينفعونه وانفعنا بما علمتنا يا أرحم الراحمين اليوم إن شاء الله سوف نتحدث عن one of the unique pearls in Islam one of the mothers of the believers she is the wife of سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم جويريا بنت الحارث رضي الله وعنها لذا جويريا رضي الله وعنها كانت من المساعدة المساعدة المساعدة المساعدة المساعدة وكانت جيدا كانت جيدا كانت جيدا كانت always remembering Allah سبحانه وتعالى وشكرا لك for all the blessings that she was having and she had a sound heart وعنها كانت محاولة وعنها رأيت so many hadiths for رسول الله سبحانه وتعالى لذا, من هو هذا الراحم؟ من هو هذا المساعدة المساعدة المساعدة؟ her name is جويريا بنت الحارث and she was a leader in بن المستلق she was Pius and she was the daughter of الحارث ابن عبيض رار and الحارث was the leader of بن المستلق والبنة المسترخة is a group of Khuzaa, the clan of Khuzaa. Her name before getting married to Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم was Barra and when she got married to Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى الله عليه وسلم he gave her the name of Juairea and that was one of the nose of Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم to change the bad name to a good name and he hated that people would say he went out of Barra's house which means he left the blessings and that was not appropriate to say about Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم so he changed her name from Barra to Juairea Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم got married to Juairea رضي الله عنها in the fifth year of Hijrah and this year was remarkable that the Medina, the blessed Medina witnessed so many dangerous events and in this year Quraysh got all the armies together and they wanted to fight Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم so they got people from Quraysh, they got people from Tihama, people from A'bash they got the people of Najd, everyone were under their banner and they wanted to fight Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم so to avoid this army Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم ordered his companions to dig a trench, a deep trench all around the Medina and it was the first time for the Arabs to do such a thing and they took it from the Romans and it was the idea of Salman Farisi رضي الله عنها was originally from the Romans so the enemy of course all Quraysh army they were so bewildered to the event and to the scene they have that was in front of them a big trench, it was not possible to pass this trench it was not possible to get over it, it was so difficult to try even to do anything to avoid this trench it was impossible so this army, the non-believers army did not know what to do so what they did, they circled the people in Medina, they circled the Medina and this their boycott and they made boycott nothing to get out or into the Medina so that lasted 27 days and you know it was not easy for the Muslims but Allah سبحانه وتعالى فعلت شيء that he put the fear in the hearts of the non-believers so that was the end and they flew and they ran away and the Muslims got victorious so the battle ended, the battle of the trench ended and after that سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم headed towards the Jewish of Bani Quraiza the hypocrites who broke the promises to سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم that they will be good believers they will be, their relationship will be safe they will not fight them so they broke their promises so what happened سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and he wanted to just get rid of them again the Muslims were so victorious and they had and they punished him, they punished them severely so it was 25 days of surrounding their castles and surrounding their places that they cannot get out of them so again سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم was victorious fighting the Jewish of Bani Quraiza it was just a little bit after that that سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم heard the news that the leader of Bani المصطلق was gathering all the army and preparing the horses, preparing the artillery they wanted to attack the Medina of رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم so what would normally سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم would do, he would send someone to get the news just to hide among people and to get the news of what's going on so he sent a very good companion whose name was بوريدة الهارث رضي الله عن so he sent him to Bani المصطلق so he would get the news and get it back to سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so بوريدة رضي الله عن went out of Medina secretly until he reached the place of Bani المصطلق and he wandered between them very carefully and he got so he got so worried that he didn't want anyone to see him so he was just doing his job as soon as possible as quickly as possible and he went back to سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم to tell him what he saw so he told سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم that they are gathering their men they are preparing their armies and they are getting ready to come to fight سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم in Medina and of course their main purpose was to get rid of سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and with that Islam would be would vanish from and no one will be a Muslim anymore so that was their aim but when Burayda came back to سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم very quickly he told سيدنا محمد of what he has seen and what he has heard in the amongst the people of Bani المصطلق so سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم gave the orders the immediate orders just to prepare themselves to fight so this was what happened سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم surprised Bani المصطلق that he were not prepared to fight them in their houses or in their area and especially when they were gathering around some water some wells at close to them and it was called the place called المريسير so سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم surprised the leader of Bani المصطلق and the Muslims fought at that time like so bravely so the Bani المصطلق فوت and it was from the very beginning from the very first minutes that the result of the battle was clear it was only an hour or less that the battle was ended that the battle ended and it was a very big victory to the Muslims and the Bani المصطلق were severely defeated so the Muslims got so much so many booties at that battle and they got so many captives and it was said that it was hundreds of captives and amongst them were also women and in Medina of course they learned about the good news of the victory they learned about that before the Muslims came back and of course سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم distributed the booties amongst the fighters among the soldiers and amongst the other Muslims in the Medina so بررا بن تلحاريس بن أبي ضرار the daughter of بن المصطلق and their leader was amongst those who were taken as captives of war so while distributing the booties بررا was given to سابت بن قلص so سابت سابت for himself after after paying so she was given as she was given to سابت and to his cousin but سابت paid some some palm trees gave he gave his cousin palm trees so he got بررا all to himself and بررا was a leader in her tribe in بن المصطلق she was the daughter of the leader of the بن المصطلق so all her life she would give orders and she would be obeyed she was very beautiful and she was very clever so she thought of what has happened to her and of course she refused to be a slave to anyone so she proposed to سابت that tell me whatever amount of money you want so I would give it to you and you would free me so سابت said to her I will ask I'm asking for you to give me 9 9 pieces of gold 9 so if you do that then I will free you and I will marry you at that time this amount of money this amount of gold was unbelievable big amount so بررا رضي الله عنها knew that even if she was free she would not be able to pay such a big amount so how can she pay it now while she is captive so as we mentioned she was a very wise woman she was a very clever woman so she asked to meet سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم she heard that she knows that سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم is so merciful so she went to him and she told him her story she hoped that سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم would give her a solution that would free her of slavery so this beautiful woman who is not yet 20 years old was talking to سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and from the way she was talking you feel how broken she was and how hopeful she was when she was talking to سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so she said to him يا رسول الله إني مرأة مسلمة اشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأنك رسول الله يا رسول الله أنا سيدنا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم who believed in that there is no god but Allah سبحانه وتعالى and that you are the messenger of Allah وإني برت الحارث سيد قومه and I am the daughter of بر I am the daughter of the leader of بن المصطلق and you know وقد أصابنا من الأمر ما علمت and you know what happened to us during the battle ووقعت في سهم ثابت بن قيس وبن عم له and I was given to ثابت بن قيس and to his cousin وقلصني ثابت من ابن عمه بن خلات في المدينة and Thabit paid some money some money equal to some to the price of a few palm trees and he kept me for himself وكتبني على مالا طاقة ليبي and he wanted me المكاتبة at that time of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم was that the master of the slave would tell him if you give me this much amount of money then you will be free so she was telling سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم that the amount he asked for was unbelievable I cannot وإني استعنتك فأعني في مكاتبتي and here I am I came to you so that you would help me to pay this amount of money سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم he was so merciful he was so careful about women he saw how this leader of her of بني مصطرق he saw how she was she was suffering in humility she saw how she came to him asking for his help so he said سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم was thinking what to do and she was waiting for a word to be said by سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so it was a few minutes that passed and بر فلت that these few minutes were like ages until سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم lifted up his head he looked at her with the eye of mercy and he said to her how about if there is something more good for you than what you are asking for and she looked at سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and she asked him وما ذاك يا رسول الله what what is it that's better than this يا رسول الله so the messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said to her اقضي عمك كتابك واتزو to pay this money that he is asking for and I will marry you unbelievably she could not believe what she heard she remembered a dream that she saw earlier and she said I saw in a dream three days three nights before the arrival of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم that the moon is in my lab فكرهت أن أخبر أحد من الناس I hated to tell anyone for people I didn't tell anyone حتى قد برسول الله until سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم came فلما سوبينا and when we were taken as captives رجوط الرؤية I was thinking of that dream and I was hoping that الله سبحانه وتعالى would do something would fulfill my dream فأعتقني رسول الله وتزواجني فتحققتي الرؤية so the result was سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم freed me and he married me and that was the meaning the interpretation of that dream so now she is the wife of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so what was the reason that سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم wanted to get married to and of course immediately as I mentioned immediately after he got married to her so what was the reason why would سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم married so the reason for that that he سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم wanted to have in those relationship with her tribe with her big tribe hoping that الله سبحانه وتعالى would guide their hearts to this new religion so the Muslims around سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم learned and heard that he has freed and he married her so they said now her people who are captives are the in-laws of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and we cannot have them as slaves so they released them all and this is why it is said that was a big blessing to her tribe so سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم or the Muslims actually they freed about a hundred of the captives were all the captives of بن المستلق and this was an amazing thing that happened to her tribe because of the marriage of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم to her so now the the the daughter of the leader of بن المستلق جويرية رضي الله عنها was of the mothers of the she was the wife of the best of the creation سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم سيد عايش رضي الله عنها describes جويرية and she says كانت لا يراها أحد إلا أخذت منفسه لا one would look at her but she will she will capture his heart she would she would be it would be obvious how beautiful that that woman was she would be it would be obvious how beautiful that that woman was جويرية رضي الله عنها she was a very good Muslim and she has strong faith she was a lover to say سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and all all of that was manifested when her father الحارس came to سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم after a while because he wanted to get his daughter back so he came and asked سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم to release his daughter because it was so shameful for him that his daughter would be a captive and a slave to anybody so he said سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم إن ابنتي لا يصبار مثلها فأنا أكرم من ذلك the like of my daughter those girls who are the daughters of the leaders of their tribes they would never get captivated they would never never be of the captives they would never never be of the captives and I want her to to be free سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم how about if we ask her if she wants to go with you she's free to do that but if she wants to be with me then I will not ask her to leave so my father accepted he was so happy to hear that proposal from سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم let's step for a second and remember there was a similar story that happened earlier and that we mentioned in previous classes it was the story of زيد بن حارثة when he was kidnapped by the people and he was sold as a slave and حكيم ابن حزام bought him and he gave him as a gift to خديجة رضي الله عنه and in turn خديجة رضي الله عنه gave him as a gift to سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم he was very young when that happened so when his father heard after looking for him and searching for him he heard that he was with سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so he came to him and he praised سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم he praised his father, he praised his family and he said I want my son back and the same thing سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم did he said we will bring زيد and we will ask him if he chooses to go with you I don't want any money I will not take any money for you you can take him and go but if he decided if he said no I want to be with محمد then I will not give him to you and he was very happy to hear that and the same response was from جواير رضي الله عنه and from زيد رضي الله عنه so both of them them when they were given the choice to go back with their families with their fathers they both said the same thing no they said we want to stay with the best of the creation so now our father her father was very very surprised why would his daughter accept to be with محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم is it really that he is hearing correctly that his free noble leader daughter is staying what's going on there must be a reason there must be a secret so he thought and he thought he thought about محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and the mission that he is calling for and he was thinking with his heart and he soon accepted Islam he soon realized that the idols he is worshiping the stones he is worshiping they cannot benefit him there is nothing that is beneficial of these stones these are just some stones that do not harm they do not give victory they do not help, they do not speak they do not have feelings there is nothing with these with these stones that he is worshiping so he took the decision and he realized that Islam is the best religion so he came to say محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and he acknowledged Islam and he said the words of Islam she said so she said the words of Islam she said إله إلا الله و أشهد ان محمد رسم الله again the marriage of جويري رضي الله و عنها did something good to all her tribe after the the convert of her father to be a Muslim so many people of her tribe became Muslims and later on everyone became a Muslim so how how much is the خير of سيد جويري رضي الله و عنها to her tribe to the Muslims so سيد جويري رضي الله و عنها the mother of the believers was living in the house of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم she was watching سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم with every single movement with every single action every single word that he was saying and she was learning from him and her her faith was getting stronger day after day she would listen to سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم when he would be reading the Quran and he would be interpreting it and she would she would love to hear that she was also listening to his words and she memorized his words and she made everything that he said as a program for her in her life so after after the death of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم جويري رضي الله و عنها جويري رضي الله و عنها she was narrating حديث after حديث after حديث and she was conveying to the generations which she heard from سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so جويري رضي الله و عنها lived a long life after سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم so she saw all the victory at the time of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم at the time of سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم and she she was she had a long life to live until the time of Osman رضي الله و عن and Ali رضي الله و عن and then she saw how رضي الله و عن got the قد خلافة and the caliphate center was moved to Damascus so this was a little bit about جويري because of her because of her her tribe became Muslims because of her everyone was was getting blesses and so one of the let's mention one of the hadith that she narrated to سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم was that that سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم passed by her at the very beginning of the day when he went out to fish and prayer and he came back more than an hour after that and he saw جويري رضي الله و عن her was still in her prayer place just making ذكر and دعا and worshipping Allah سبحانه و تعالى so when سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم saw her he said are you like this since the minute I left you you did not leave your place you did not stop worshipping she said yes يا رسول الله and she said so she said yes so he say سيد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم said to her ألا و علموك تلمات تقوله so should I teach you a few words that you would say and they will have equal amount of blessings خيرا بركة so you don't need to sit all that long hours just worshipping الله سبحانه و تعالى and remembering him you can say سبحان الله عدد خلقه سبحانه و تعالى عدد خلقه سبحان الله رضا نفسه then he said سبحان الله سبحانه و تعالى زينة عرشه. وطريقه، وطريقه، ترى؟


Hi, I'm going to talk about our work titled BKW meets Fourier new algorithms for LPN with sparse parity decision joint work with my advisor, Professor Donna document solid using gong and Hunter keeping. So let's remind you about the learning parity with noise. So there is a secret which has an coordinate each time we call an oracle x is going to be sample uniformly at random so x has also an coordinates and the inner product of x and the secret s is going to be computed, and we either return the inner product with probability minus eta, eta being in a noise rate, which is less than a half, or we flip the inner product and we return the inner product plus one with probability eta and note that everything here is done. And the samples coming from this oracle is represented by an order paired x and b, b is the label. And we represent this oracle by oil P and zero and eta, eta means the noise rate and zero means that the x is coming from a uniform distribution. So it's easy to recover as if there is no noise, so we can just run Gaussian elimination, but even for a constant noisers the best algorithm is by bloom color was sermon which runs in time to to the over log n and needs essentially the same number of sample. And later there is an improvement by the Obochowski which only needs a polynomial number of samples but runs in slightly worse time. So there is a search to decision reduction for LPN problem which makes it a more interesting for cryptography construction, especially there is an encryption based on LPN. And LPN is believed to be resistant against quantum computers and it has also been shown that without loss of generality we can assume that the secret key is drawn from the same distribution as the noise. So in this work we consider LPN with sparse secret so normally, there is an eta times n coordinate of the secret key which are one, but in this work we assume that k which is a sparse city of the secret is much less than that. And we consider two cases either a constant noise rate and low noise setting in which in that case the noise rate is a sub constant. So one motivation for this work is that we can assume that the secret is recovered using some type of attacks, for example side channel attacks, but we don't have a high confidence in each coordinate of the secret key. So if we recover secret key s prime, we don't have high confidence in all the coordinates but we can turn our focus on excess minus excess prime. And since s and s prime are going to be equal in the number of coordinates, we expect that s minus x s prime to be sparse and we can turn out and or focus on that. And also a sparse secret might be using some applications for efficiency purposes. So for the for the constant noise setting we show that for sparse city k equal n over log and raise the power of one plus one over C, for certain parameter for certain range of C, the runtime of our algorithm is containing a log n over a small o of k, and also it's containing a small o of n over log n. And in this setting the runtime of brute force is a log n over a big omega of k, and the runtime of bkw is two to the big omega of n over log n and notice that the runtime of our algorithm is asymptotically better in the exponent in comparison to both of these two algorithm and one ranges of k to be an idea of the ranges of k you can think of k being much smaller than n over log n, and much bigger than n over log squared. And this smaller and bigger is captured with the asymptotic in the exponent of the log. For the low noise setting here I'm going to just talk about a special case for the full parameter please refer to the paper. So for a sparse city case such that k equal equal to a square root of n divided by log log n and for the noise rate of eta equal log n over a square root of n. The learning algorithm runs in time n over k raised to the power of, raised to the power of small o of k and the runtime of brute force is at least n over k to the k and the runtime of lucky brute force which we're going to talk about is going to be n over k to the small omega of k. And again the runtime of our learning algorithm is better than these two algorithm asymptotically in the exponent. And as an other applications for our work is we showed that by applying no reduction to LPN and solving LPN using our algorithm we can obtain application to learning other classes of functions such as DNF and on this. So here is the outline of this work. So first look at the free analysis of Boolean function which is a basic block of our, our work. Then we show how we can recover a secret from Fourier coefficient and we show that in case that the samples are biased we can have an improvement to finding the secret. So our focus shifts towards constructing this bias sample, which in constant noise setting we use the KW algorithm and for load noise setting we use a design by Nissan and Wittgersen. So consider Boolean function f from zero one to the end to zero one. And this work and also in the paper we change our mapping, we change our notation from zero one, zero and one to minus one one by mapping one to minus one and map mapping zero to one. And in this case the multiplication on minus one one is X or in the previous notation. So the free expansion of Boolean function is simply its representation as real and monthly linear polynomial which I'll explain what I mean. Just now, so assume that we have a function that takes a true coordinate X1 X2 and just output the maximum of these two. So the right hand side shows the Fourier expansion of the same function. So here we have four coordinates. So for example, the second coordinate is the Fourier coefficient at this singleton set one. And the last coordinate is Fourier coefficient at the set one to so we compute. We see that the Fourier coefficient is defined over some subset of the inner subset of basically X. So for example to compute the three coefficient of singleton set one, we can compute this expected value over all the values of the input X and we compute the compute function times the first coordinate and to compute the three coefficient of set one to begin take the expected value of the function times those function times coordinate X1 and X2. So to define a free expansion and more accurately, we say that every function f can be represented as a linear combination. So here the combination is taken over all the subset is that are subset of set one to and we have a Fourier coefficient f hat multiply chi s and the chi is simply the multiplication of the input coordinate and in order to compute the Fourier coefficient we compute this expected value. And going back to our example, we see that the free coefficient of empty set is one half the free coefficient of singleton set one and two is again one half and the free coefficient of set one two is minus one half. So, let's see how we can recover secret using a Fourier coefficient so let's focus on the noiseless case. Let's focus on the case that we are only given an inner product of X times s. So, take the function x1 plus x3 mod two. So this one, this function has as input x which has only three coordinates. And in this case, the secret is one zero one. So if we change our notation to minus one one notation then the same function can be represented as x1 times x3. If we use the previous, if you use the previous slides and we compute the Fourier coefficient. Note that the Fourier coefficient is all is all zero in all the subset except the set one three and note that the set subset one three is exactly this and the locations that the secret is non zero. So here the Fourier coefficient is only on a single the free coefficient that the weight of the Fourier is only on a single free coefficient. And in order to find the single free coefficient, we have to run a brute force search over all basically dimensions of size at most game which is kind of infeasible. But what if the samples are not from a uniform distribution so what if X is a zero with some probability which is not one half so what if X is zero with probability one half plus P essentially, we can have free coefficient in this case as well, except that this time and we our chi function and we basically normalize the chi function. And in order to compute the Fourier coefficient we have the same, we have the same calculation as before, except that this time X is coming is samples from this bias distribution which we denoted by dfp. So in this case it can be shown that the free coefficient of singleton set J is zero for the coordinate that the secret is zero, and it's non zero for the cases that the secret key is one in those coordinates. So our learning algorithm wants to distinguish these two cases so basically wants to distinguish if the if the free coefficient at singleton set is zero, or if it's a non zero. But remember that the that the samples are noisy. So we really have to distinguish between zero and something which is multiplied by noise rate. So, but still the goal is to distinguish zero versus something which is non zero. So how we can think of P bias LPN oracle, but how we can think about it we can think of it exactly the same as before we have a secret key but this time X is sampled from a bias distribution. So from a distribution such that X prime is zero with some probability one half plus P over two. We have the same inner product as before, but we flip this time with probability one minus eight a prime. And then LPN for LPN this was eta. And again, we have the output our samples as a ordered paired X prime and B prime and B prime is our label, and we represented this oracle by LPN P, which P represent that the X is not a uniform anymore and eta prime which is our and noise rate. So in order to construct this oracle views views and algorithm by BKW. So what BKW does is that for each sample, which is represented as X and B split X into a block each contains the elements. And what it does is it partitions the partitions the queries based on the first block. So for example we put all the queries which has zero one in the first block in one partition, and all the queries which has one zero in the second partition and so on and so and we zero out the queries. So we make sure that the first block in all queries are going to be zero out and this is essentially the first step of this algorithm. And the algorithm progress by looking at the this time at the second block and partition based on the second block and then zero out and then progress to the next block. So in each step we essentially lose some number of queries and the noise rate of the new samples grows. So, we want to construct a P bias LPN oracle so we want to buy, we want to construct this P bias oracle, but we only have access to the oracle that give a sample from the original oracle, which was not biased so we are given a sample from X and B. And from that we have to do something and construct the P bias samples which are denoted by X prime and B prime. So the samples here has a property that X is zero in J's coordinate with probability exactly one half, but the samples that are from biased oracle has a property that there are zero with probability one half plus P over two. So how we can do this so each time we call an oracle the oracle sample and index set are so basically for each index, it either it select its index independently with probability P. So let's mark the selected index by dark blue. Once we have this index set R we can run the BKWR algorithm. So BKWR algorithm is essentially exactly similar to the BKW algorithm, but it's only focused on the coordinates pointed by R. So essentially what it means is that upon receiving some samples from the original LP and oracle, the samples has some values in the dark blue coordinates so it can be zero one or whatever. And after running the BKWR algorithm, we make sure that we output a single single single query which has zero in all the dark blue coordinates. One one details is that the size of our might change across different oracle calls, but if we fix a which is some parameter of the BKW algorithm we make sure that the constant number of samples are are combined to get a single bias sample. And we showed that the samples X prime B prime outputted by BKWR algorithm are independent and distributed identically to sample drawn from P bias LP and oracle for a different noise rate. So here is the relation of the noise rate at a prime for the P bias LP oracle and the noise rate of the original LP and oracle. So here, really, really reminding you about what that what the learning algorithm does is it has to distinguish between a zero and this parameter which we call it epsilon. If, and we said T which is the number of P bias sample to have an estimate of it in epsilon over two distance. So basically in our paper, we show that for sparsity, such that K equal N over log, N over log raised to the power of one plus one over C for certain ranges of parameter we are. We have an algorithm which runs faster in the faster in comparison to brute force and BKW algorithm and faster is captured by a synthetic in the exponent. So for the low noise setting we present an algorithm and called Sam P that draws only polynomial number of samples from LP and oracle and uses them to construct a larger set of P bias samples.  And the idea of this design is based on a design of a Nissan and Wittgerston, and the learning algorithm is essentially very similar to the algorithm we had before except we have to repeat it a number of times. So here is how we generate a P bias sample. So we generate only two NP plus one squared and number of samples from the original LP and oracle and the sample P put this put this queries into into this bucket. So, for example, Bucket 01 and 02 can have at most can have at most a T queries that are common between them. So each time that we call each time that we call an oracle the oracle does three things so it first sample are so are similar to before we have a dark blue coordinate that has to zero out. And in the second step we look at each bucket and we select some queries from this bucket and we make sure that we zero out the coordinates that are pointed by set R so we zero out the dark blue coordinate. And in the second step this is just a detail that we have we want to make sure that no matter what we have the same number of queries that are added together to generate our bias samples so we essentially add noise. So the important thing to notice is that we have we need to only 20 plus one squared samples to start with. We showed that in our paper we showed that the samples generated like this so the samples Xi and be I output it is out with it by the previous construction is distributed identically equal to the sample drawn from a P bias LP and oracle. So this time with different at a prime and here is the relation between the at a prime of this new construction and the H of the original LP and oracle, and we showed that Xi XJ are pair wise independent. So the thing. What we bound here is that we showed that we can really bound the covariance of the, of the covariance of these new generated samples. And finally, we showed that the brute force runs in times and over K obviously the lucky brute force is the case that if we sample in which is in number of samples which M is equal and over. And minus it we expect that approximately in noiseless samples are among them. So the question now is going to be select in out of this in number of samples and run Gaussian elimination. And since we expect exactly in a number of samples to be noiseless, we expect to recover is by doing this type of algorithm which we call lucky brute force. So the runtime of this algorithm is essentially e today time. And for this parameter set for this sample of parameter setting our algorithm is faster than both brute force and lucky brute force. And for the full range of parameters, this is just one example of the parameter for the full range of parameter, please refer to the paper. Thank you so much for your attention.


We are a thinking person's religion. Make no mistake about it. One of the meanings of Antalida al-Amr to Rabbatah, a servant girl will give birth to her mistress. One of the signs of the Sa'a of the hour given by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi sallam and the famous hadith of Gabriel. One of the meanings of this hadith is that the modern West was born from Islam, that Europe in the late antique was sunk in the dark ages. Violence, disease, ignorance was rampant and it was Europe's contact with Islam's intellectual tradition that begot Western civilization and brought them out of the dark ages and then the West turned around and colonized and subjugated its mother as it were. The point is, knowledge is at the centrality of our tradition.