Okay, very good morning. It's Thursday the 11th of November. I hope you're doing well. And the market continues to digest yesterday's red-hot inflation figure. Obviously, US CPI came in at 6.2% year-on-year, much higher than expected, 5.8% and in fact even 0.2% higher than even the most bullish estimate on the street. And so that's really the main feature of what markets are really tackling at the moment. And that's been echoed as well. The producer price inflation in Japan figures overnight came in at a figure basically reflecting its highest level in more than 40 years. So in the last week we've actually seen the inflationary pressure mounting globally from the likes of the Chinese economy, the US and Japan, the world's three largest economies. And so, yeah, for sure, this is the main factor at play at the moment. And given the fact the calendar is pretty quiet today, it's probably going to be still the main kind of sentiment driver for proceedings going forward. What I'm going to start with here is the dollar and then talk about a few different things. And so, first off, to give you some perspective, this is looking at the dollar index. Obviously, yesterday the reaction function was that US stocks fell the most in a month. The likes of the S&P was down about 0.08, the S&P 0.07, the NASDAQ, the biggest casualty was down about 1.66%. Those tech growth-sensitive names obviously reacting quite negatively to the increasing yield environment giving the red-hot inflation figures. Subsequently, the dollar hit a 52-week high, as you can see here, a bit of a breakout above those October highs, putting us at the highest levels. We've basically traded that since going back 52 weeks. And that impacting oil as well, which was down 3% yesterday. But looking at this from a technical perspective, the dollar index is basically closing in on 95. And around this kind of 94-95 area is really quite key for the Dixie. As you can see here, going all the way back to the peak that we had in November of 2017, to the lows that we had in early 2019, the initial kind of bottom of the route at the early part of the onset of the pandemic and volatility we saw there. And the price recoveries we've seen in September of 2020 and also just about a month ago as well. And so it's going to be interesting to see how the dollar behaves here. And certainly these major currency pairs at the moment, Euro-dollar cable, reflecting this dollar-led movement at this present point in time that would mirror this kind of Dixie price movement. Going to start, though, and have a look at just some stocks news first. And then we'll talk about some global macro kind of news themes from UK COVID to potential delays to build that better spending plan in the US. And also China Evergrand managed to avert a default once again for the third time this month with making a last-minute payment overnight. And we'll have a look at those stories. But going to kick things off with the aftermarket. Not talking about every single stock story that came out, but just wanted to talk about some of the more kind of trending names. And Disney certainly is one of them, particularly in the streaming space with the likes of Netflix gaining a lot of attention, of course, with Squid Game success. But Disney came out and actually fell quite sharply in aftermarket trading. You can see here the shares were down about four and a half percent after their numbers hit the tape. And the reason why is that their revenues were amiss. The adjusted EPS came in at 37 cents below the expected 49. Their Disney Plus subscribers was also in line with the company's broad expectations, slightly soft against the street, 118.1 million analysts were expecting 119.6 million. The CEO said the segment's growth had hit some headwinds and that Disney expected to add low single digit millions of streaming subscribers in Q4. Their average monthly revenue per subscriber for Disney Plus also is down about nine percent year over year. And part of the reason for that is as they try to expand geographically into different areas, they've had a reduction in lower price points for Disney Plus and Hot Star, which is a bundle that they typically sell on the lights of Indonesia and India, which generates a smaller margin for the business. So their Disney, missed on their Disney Plus subscriber estimates and numbers all round pretty weak and consequently their shares were lower. The other kind of major stock story from yesterday, which of course I'm sure you saw, was the electric vehicle startup Rivian. They set a record basically at their first day of trade without any type of meaningful revenue that exists at this point. But as per the kind of Tesla case study, I mean, since when did that matter, right? So they searched on their NASDAQ debut. They had an opening market value of more than $100 billion. So they're particularly large to just get things up and running and to put that into some context that would make them bigger than Ford and General Motors, who obviously are the matured players in the space. To give you some idea as well, who is backing this firm, Amazon's stake at the IPO price is worth about $12.5 billion. And even rival automaker Ford has a stake in this company and they hold around 12.1% of the firm post IPO, which is worth about $8 billion as well on the IPO listing price. The other thing was Elon Musk, obviously it's been a recurring theme. I'm sure you've been reading about since his Twitter poll on Saturday. But it's come clear now that he has so far disposed of around 4.5 million shares this week. And that total equates to around $5 billion, according to regulatory filings, which were released yesterday. Those were the first sales he's made in five years and obviously come as he kind of front run the market with that poll that was issued, as I said at the weekend. So their shares after having a really meteoric rise in recent weeks have had a bit of a tough time of late coming off those most elevated levels, but have found a bit of a flaw at the $1,000 level. They were peaking Tesla shares up at around 12.40. They're now trading on the close last night at 10.68. But as I said, finding a bit of a flaw technically around the thousand market psychologically. Before I move on to the macro kind of coverage, a few things I wanted to cover that just wanted to remind you that the market maker podcast continues to put out episodes.  We've covered high view interviews, group exercises, virtual assessment centers. And yesterday we put one out specifically about why networking is so crucial. If you're applying for any job in finance and some tips and tricks and things from our industry experts and insights that we've have and we put this all together in the podcast episode yesterday. So all you need to do is jump on Spotify type, amplify me market maker, you'll see you'll see my face and then you'll be able to get those episodes and not for getting as well at the end of every week on a Friday, myself and head of trading peers will have that end of week informal discussion about the major theme. So really nice way as well to if you find it difficult to stay on top of all of the macro news through the week. This is your one kind of episode listen that makes sure that every week to week you're absolutely on your A game of what's going on in markets. All right, so on the macro front, what have we got? First off, in the Asia pack session, China Evergrande averted a destabilizing potential default once again for the third time in just a month. Sources have said several bondholders received coupon overdue coupon payments worth just under 150 million US dollars. So my overall take with Evergrande at the moment is that it's kind of yesterday's news. I think particularly in the order of hierarchy at the moment inflation is kind of taken the mantle now. And so Evergrande is one of those things that obviously you remain vigilant to monitor. But every single time that something comes due, they miss it. It goes into the 30 day grace period. They pay it at the last moment. That seems to be just the way that this is going at the moment. And you know, we've talked about this over many weeks and months now about the potential systemic risk that any type of failure of Evergrande could have for the Chinese financial system and also reverberate potentially more globally. And so the fact of the matter is at the moment it's being kept on life support for the time being and I'd expect that to be the case going forward. So it's interesting and it's noteworthy and it requires monitoring, but it's much lesser an impact as far as the story ongoing at this moment in time from a global level. The other thing we had in the Asia Pat region was the Australian unemployment rate did come in slightly higher 5.2% above the expected 4.8 and acceleration from 4.6% seen just months before, but Australia has been trying to tackle with quite onerous lockdowns that have been coming on and off over recent weeks and months. And so even though it's quite high at the moment, expectations are once those starts to be relaxed again, there's some pent up demand will start to populate the jobs market again in time. The other thing that is talking about UK COVID. And I did have a bit of a tweet about this when it came out last night about as funny how it seems to have gone quite silent talking about COVID, either from the politicians in the UK or the mainstream media. And the reason for that is that COVID cases in the UK are declining. And it's good news England has recorded its longest unbroken run in fact of declining coronavirus daily caseload since February, as COVID-19 related hospital missions begin to fall in every region of the country. According to latest analysis of the FT and you can see here, the rates of cases, hospitalizations and deaths are now falling in in England. All metrics here displayed are as a percentage of the peak value last winter as to where we're at at the moment, the red against the blue at this point in time. The other thing as well that's quite interesting is separate data from the Office of National Statistics published yesterday showed a rebound in antibody levels in the over 80s to 92% after falling by 6 percentage points to 88% between June and October. And so what you can see here is waning immunity as we go through the summer into really what was the early part of October. So this time last month, that was when the conversation very much was about the rolling out of boosters because of the fading efficacy rates of some of those early jabs that were issued to those who were most vulnerable and also the elder demographic. And so as those were waning, the boosters have come in. And this would mark then that there's been a relatively successful response to the campaign at the moment. And thus then immunity boosts kicking in that what some might argue is just the right period of time, because obviously the weather's starting to change and is going to be more people constrained to their homes and perhaps into mixing with people in a more closed confined space. And typically what we have seen is that case rates do have a pattern of rising over those periods, particularly with people congregating over Christmas and New Years and things. But this should come in as these immunity levels have rebounded and obviously a timeliness of having the shot issued at this point in time. So it's one of the things here I think with COVID, there's a lot to digest at the moment. If you're trading the sterling, particularly more, I'd say inflation policy dominated. So whether that's the dollar dictating proceedings at the moment, or whether that's the UK misfiring on their comms on the rate rise timing, you've got Brexit simmering in the background still as well. COVID's in there still to be monitored. I wouldn't say right now today, it's a focal point, but certainly this is a little bit more of a positive development that we're seeing at this present point in time. But as is ever with COVID, we're definitely not out of the woods yet. And so important that everyone remains vigilant on that front. And then US politics don't actually have something queued up to show you on the screen for politics, but just an update where President Biden is reportedly going to sign the infrastructure bin on Monday. That's really not important information, just a time, a timeline to bear in mind. In relevant news, though, what is more important separately is it's been reported that Senator Joe Manchin, the person who's been the kind of thorn in Biden's side, could punt President Biden's build back better agenda to next year amid inflation concerns. And the build back better is that kind of subsequent policy package that Biden wants to push through 1.75 trillion, which has been hotly contested by the Dems and the Republicans about its size. It's basically got incrementally smaller as time has gone on, having been initially in excess of three trillion. And the idea, I guess for Manchin having just look at the surface level comments that he made, is that he doesn't want to just implement more stimulus at a point where inflation is super hot at the moment. And the likelihood is that more stimulus is only going to fuel that further. So he wants to wait. But the downside for Biden is again, he looks like a president who can't really inaction anything at this point in time. So stuck in a bit of a rock and a half places Biden at the moment, more stimulus potential then to pricing with more inflation going forward, which is negative. But then if he doesn't act, it shows the lack of authority that he holds and to push through any proposals that he's putting forward, which again, is a negative. So which one do you pick? And just goes to show the increasing burdens and struggles of the president at this point in time. And then that is pretty much it because from a calendar perspective today, as I said, it's going to be really I think today is digestion of this overall global inflation picture at the moment, because this isn't just unique to the case of what we saw yesterday in the US. It's very much so echoed on a global level. One thing actually that I did see that I thought was particularly good yesterday, and you're going to have to forgive me for how messy this is bringing up very briefly my emails. But I do put out a regular daily emails called the market maker. If you just go to AmphiMe.com, there's a section on the bottom of the website where you can just input your email to join that mailing list. But there are some really good comments I thought from a Fed watcher called Tim Dewey. I'm not sure how you say his surname, but Tim Dewey. And he said a couple of good points. And to surmise this briefing, and I think the general takeaway from yesterday's inflation figures, he said that there is plenty of room for pulling rates forward from 2023 into 2022, adding that in other words, there is room to turn more hawkish without accelerating the pace of tapering. That's what he said in reference to the Fed. He argued that the Fed will become increasingly nervous about inflation, but it will not become so nervous that a policy pivot is imminent. And that's something that I think is very important to understand here of what we've had. He suggests that at a minimum, the Fed believes it has until March meeting before it needs to do some hard signalling about the second half of 2022. And more over, you've also got, of course, the leadership turnover at the Fed argues for maintaining the status quo until the staffing settles out a little more as well. Because markets, the one thing that they don't like is a lack of continuity on leadership, because that then creates uncertainty about policy direction. So for these reasons, again, it's definitely meaningful. Markets have definitely reacted. All the Fed is going to just flip on what they said the last week in their meeting about what they're going to do with policy. I think not at this time, they're just going to have to sweat it out a little bit because the inflation gorilla is lurking, as you can see here. All right, that is it. Can I leave it there? Hopefully that was interesting and gets you up to speed. And I will catch you same time tomorrow. Take care.


two of my favorite subjects, flotation therapy and the crimes of the Central Intelligence Agency. It's weird doing these talks between two scientists. This in many ways is a talk about bad science. Fortunately, it's bad science that led to good science. So hopefully in the end it all balances towards the good. Unfortunately, I won't have time to get to all the topics I wanted to discuss, so we'll skip some slides. Sadly, I won't be able to talk about the dolphin assassinations and we won't probably hear how this all ties into JFK. If you want to hear about that, you'll have to listen to my podcast. No doubt at some point many of you have been asked, where do float tanks come from? Like many things in life, there's an official story and then the real story. The official story is that a scientist named John C. Lilly wanted to solve the question of whether the brain would shut down without external stimuli or if it would generate its own internal stimuli. So he built the first float tank to test this theory. Now I'm going to tell you a different story. Hopefully it's the true one. The CIA ran two mind control programs simultaneously in the 1950s and 1960s, Artichoke and MKUltra. Artichoke, headed by the mysterious Morse Alan, was very much an operational program. MKUltra, which was headed by Sidney Gottlieb, was more limited to research and development. Artichoke started first. Its focus was interrogation. Artichoke teams traveled the world giving POWs, suspected spies, kidnapped any enemy agents and whoever else, what they called the Artichoke treatment. This could involve drugs, hypnosis, electroshock, any methods available to the CIA. Sometimes, perhaps depending on the country where the interrogations were being held, the subjects were executed afterwards. Sometimes they were set free with varying degrees of amnesia about what had occurred. It wasn't long before someone thought, if we can force an unwilling person to divulge secret information, what else can we make them do? One Artichoke document asked, could we seize a subject in the space of an hour or two by post-hypnotic control, have them crash an airplane, wreck a train, etc.? Can we, long and short range, through hypnotic post-control, induce a subject to commit violence against another individual or induce a subject to murder another individual or group of individuals? Can we, through post-hypnotic control, create a condition whereby a subject would forget any such induced act after the subject is brought out of his conditioned state? Most records of Artichoke and MKUltra were destroyed by the CIA in 1973. Somehow a few boxes of files were overlooked. Their existence was leaked and some documents were released through Freedom of Information Act requests. There are also archives scattered in universities and other collections throughout the country that contain details of these experiments, some of which have not yet been brought to light. MKUltra and Artichoke both employed non-CI scientists to research mind control possibilities. Some of these scientists were aware they were working with the CIA and some were not. Donald Hebb, the father of sensory deprivation research, was aware. On June 1st, 1951, five men met at a Ritz-Karten Hotel in Montreal. They were Dr. Donald Hebb, Dr. Ormond Solant, both of the Canadian Defense Research Board, Sir Henry Tisard, a scientist from the British Ministry of Defense, and doctors Carl Haskins and R.J. Williams of the CIA's Project Artichoke. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the logistics of conducting covert research into brain warfare amongst the U.S., Canada and Britain. The enemy was the U.S. Sosaar in China and the communist worldwide. Once a few practicalities were worked out, the conversation turned to possible directions the research should take. Dr. Donald Hebb, the Canadian psychologist, had an idea. I'll now read from an inquiry conducted on behalf of the Canadian government in the 80s. Dr. Hebb suggested that an approach based upon the situation of sensory isolation might lead to some clues to answering the central problem that interested this covert research coalition. Confession, menticide, intervention in the individual mind, together with methods concerned in psychological coercion. Reflecting the CIA's ongoing effort discussed earlier to mentally reprogram enemy agents to carry out any mission even against their will, Hebb suggested that, by cutting off all sensory stimulation, the individual could be led into a situation whereby ideas might be implanted. The group liked the idea. Hebb was awarded top-secret Canadian defense contract X-38 for a study into the cognitive effects of decreased variability in the sensory environment. Hebb conducted his experiments at Allen Memorial Hospital at McGill University in Montreal. In the past, he had experimented on the sensory environment of rats. He discovered that rats raised in a more sensory-rich environment grew to be smarter and healthier than rats raised in an empty cage.  Hebb conducted different types of isolation experiments for years, but the brainwashing experiments went something like this. The subject would be given a choice. He could either listen to silence or he could listen to propaganda. In this case, it was audio suggesting the existence of ghosts or psychic phenomenon. He reported that subjects displayed an increased interest in these matters that did not exist before the experiments. One subject experienced a newfound fear of ghosts, another checked out books on the occult from the library, and another attempted to use telepathy to win at poker. Compared to other experiments done on behalf of the CIA, these were quite tame. The subject could leave at any time. Still, some of them describe the experience as torture. After details of Donald Hebb's experiments leaked to the press in 1954, he lost his funding from the Canadian Defense Board, and he quickly picked it up again from the Central Intelligence Agency. This also spurned a huge interest in sensory deprivation experiments, with over 200 scientific papers being released within the next decade. A source of funding for Hebb's research that was not the CIA was the Rockefeller Foundation. Hebb's grants were handled by Robert Swayne Morrison, director of biological and medical research at the Foundation. He was also a member of a state department sponsored research group on psychological warfare called Project Troy. Morrison was the source of grants not only for Hebb, but also his infamous colleague Dr. Ewan Cameron. On the right there, we'll talk about him soon, as well as Alfred Kinsey, the famous sexologist, and Norbert Wiener, the famous cyberneticist. He also funded the work of a young brain scientist named John C. Lilly. Ewan Cameron was the director of Allen Memorial Hospital at McGill and had been its director since the founding. He conducted experiments on behalf of CIA under MK Ultra Subproject 68, which was a study into the effects upon human behavior of the repetition of verbal signals. Cameron had a multi-step process he called depatterning and psychic driving. First, he subjected his psychiatric patients to Hebb-style sensory deprivation for weeks at a time. Then he included coma inducing drugs also for weeks at a time and played loops phrases into his subjects earphones while also administering electroshock, LSD, and various other drugs and treatments, so-called treatments. The idea was to wipe the mind clean and reprogram it. He had some success with the first part, but not the second. Some patients were reduced to a near vegetative state from which they never recovered. Three hundred people eventually sought compensation from the Canadian government for Cameron's experiments. John C. Lilly had first written to Robert Morrison in 1951 looking for funds and advice. He was making major breakthroughs in brain research using implanted electrodes to record electrical signals and display their locations on a machine called the Bavitron. Morrison suggested Lilly apply to work at the National Institutes of Mental Health, and there he would be awarded a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation to continue his brain studies. By the mid-50s, he had discovered the Lilly wave, which was an electrical pulse that could stimulate brain tissue without damaging it. He was soon able to induce a wide variety of mental states in monkey test subjects such as fear, anger, happiness, sexual excitement, and others with electrical stimulation to key parts of the brain. At some point, for reasons that are not explicit, Lilly was sent to McGill. On April 10th, 1954, Robert S. Morrison noted in Rockefeller Foundation records that John Lilly, who is temporarily at the National Institute of Mental Health, has been sufficiently excited by his visit to Donald Hebb on Robert Swain Morrison's recommendation that he has undertaken to repeat the human isolation experiments with a somewhat different technique. That technique would become known as the Lilly method or the wet method of sensory deprivation. Subjects were suspended completely below the surface of the water and given a breathing apparatus. In 1956, Lilly enlisted the help of J. Tomage Shirley, who came to the National Institutes of Mental Health from Texas. He had been a captain in the Army Medical Corps and instructor of Army neurophysiology at Fort Sam Houston in San Antonio. Shirley helped Lilly refine the tank and breathing apparatus. He, like Lilly, took to the float tank experience and saw therapeutic possibilities in it. Other researchers were more interested in the military applications. In 1952, a neurologist named Maitland Baldwin was also conducting sensory deprivation research at the National Institute of Mental Health, right next door to John Lilly. His method was simple and brutal. He built a sound and light proof box, locked a soldier in it and waited to see what happened. After 40 hours, the soldier began, quote, crying loudly and sobbing in a most heart-rending fashion. And he kicked himself out of the box. Baldwin conducted this experiment on behalf of Morse Allen of the CIA's Project Artichoke. He reported to Allen that his technique could break any man, no matter how intelligent or strong willed. And that prolonged sensory deprivation of this sort would certainly cause irreparable damage. Allen was pleased. He wanted to push the experiments further and propose conducting terminal experiments to which Baldwin agreed. If Allen could provide the subjects, this proposal was shot down by one of Allen's superiors, fortunately. Another CIA-sponsored researcher interested in sensory deprivation was neurologist Harold Wolf in the middle there. Wolf was an expert on migraine headaches. He suffered from them, like John C. Lilly did, and he thought that sensory deprivation could have some potential for treating them. Wolf also happened to be good friends with CIA director Allen Dulles. He had treated Dulles' son for brain damage sustained during the Korean War. In 1953, Dulles commissioned Wolf and his Cornell associate Lawrence Hinkel to conduct a massive study on all available information on brainwashing, including classified agency files. He also commissioned Wolf to conduct research of his own. This resulted in the human ecology project, which morphed into the Human Ecology Fund, a major front for MK Ultra funding. As part of his research, Wolf even offered to conduct terminal experiments for the agency if they could provide the subjects and means of disposal. In 1954, a grad student named Leo Goldberger joined the Human Ecology Project. He had been a student of Hebb's and had been a subject of Hebb's first sensory deprivation experiments. In 1991, he wrote an essay about his experiences working under Harold Wolf, from which I'll now read. In retrospect, there are several peculiar events during my two years with the Human Ecology Program that ought to have aroused my suspicion that things were not what they seemed. The first was an intense interest Dr. Wolf showed in my experience as a subject at McGill, something I only casually mentioned once. He wanted every detail, and eventually he urged me to duplicate the experimental setup at the hospital using more drastic stimulus reduction technique provided by water immersion. This was a technique developed by John Lilly, whose frontier brain research at NIH was of intense CIA interest, but who apparently had refused their approaches because he found secrecy inimical to the scientific process. Little did I know that Dr. Wolf's desire to grill me about my sensory deprivation experience was triggered by his preoccupation with brainwashing techniques of interest to the CIA for whom he was preparing a comprehensive report. Goldberg and his team attempted Lilly-style sensory deprivation trials, but he came to the conclusion that the breathing apparatus and the water pressure also applied too much sensory stimulation, so they opted for the Hebb method instead. Goldberg left the Human Ecology Program after a few years and went on to conduct both sensory deprivation and LSD research for the National Institute of Mental Health. These studies, he says, were for completely benign purposes. Not everybody at the National Institute's mental health viewed the sensory deprivation work that was done there as totally benign, including the director Robert Felix. In what I speculate to have been a propaganda move to stroke public fears about brainwashing communists, Robert Felix testified before Congress that techniques had been developed at NIMH that could quote the NIMH, and that it would break anyone. Felix's testimony was reported in a sensational New York Times article from which I'll now read. You guys are going to like this. This is Felix to Congress. He is placed in a tank of water at body temperature upside down and he floats, said Dr. Felix. Now, this is a most comfortable feeling for an hour or two. It is the most relaxing thing. It is like floating in air. It is like going back before you were born. For the first two or no sensations except this mask on his face. He hears nothing. He sees nothing. He feels nothing. He can't tell which is right side up and whether his right side up crosswise or whatnot. The first hour or two of this is rather comfortable. It is the most delicious sensation and the subject very frequently goes to sleep. In about an hour or two, he wakes up and then finds his thoughts are going over and over, sort of like a closed circuit. He will get on some subject and go over it and over it. The reason of this is deprivation of outside stimuli and part of the reason that you or I do what we call logical thinking is that there are things that feed in through some source, some reception source, ear, nose, eyes, skin, whatnot, so that these things feeding in orient us and tell us what we are thinking and give us stimuli for additional thinking. Skipping down. Is this a form of brainwashing? Ask Senator Margaret Chase Smith, Republican of Maine. Yes ma'am it is. Dr. Felix replied. It is part of brainwashing. Once you have cut these off and have cut them off long enough that the person is completely disoriented and disorganized, then if you feed back information for this individual to have, and this is the only feed-in he gets slowly or sometimes not so slowly, he begins to incorporate this into his thinking. The problem is that this can happen to any person some sooner than others, but you can break anybody with this. I don't care what their background is or how they have been indoctrinated. I'm sure you can break down anybody with this. The article then continued with a few quotes from Lily, who told the paper that the purpose of the experiments was to conduct basic research related to mental disease, how it starts, and how you might stop it. The difference between the experiments and brainwashing, and it is a major difference, this is Lily's talking, is that the subject in the tank or air conditioned box knows that at any time things get too tough he can leave, Lily said. Now towards the end of the article it states, as a practical means of interesting American psychiatrist in this subject, Dr. Lily is assembling results of all experiments on human volunteers that might be akin to brainwashing. The sensation caused by Felix's report to Congress and by the New York Times article led Lily to write a letter to Donald Hepp, apologizing for the negative publicity that had been brought to their work. Hepp replied, dear John, communication received, contents noted, I hasten to reply. Relax, old boy, no misunderstandings around here, no apologies called for. What had happened was clear enough to us and to others. Forget it. Now skipping down. And as far as any brainwashing reference is concerned, the only way it can have any protective value for those who might need it sometime in the future is by letting all the public know, since we can't tell who may be in for it in the future, that it isn't so fearsome that they don't go nuts and will recover, thus cutting down the fear element at least. As ever, D.O. Hepp, D.O. Hepp. The New York Times article noted that John C. Lily was assembling results of all experiments on human volunteers that might be akin to brainwashing. That sounds very much like the project Harold Wolfe and Lawrence Hinkel were working on for the CIA at exactly the same time. Throughout 1956, Lily served as a moderator for a series of symposiums on brainwashing. 1956 was also the year that Wolfe and Hinkel completed their classified report for Alan Dulles. Both Wolfe and Hinkel attended these symposiums and presented research which mostly concerned communist methods of brainwashing, more adequately defined as coercion and indoctrination. It was at these brainwashing symposiums that Lily presented his earliest papers on sensory deprivation tank research. Two years later, the first symposium on sensory deprivation was held at Harvard Medical School and sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. Lily was there as a member of a roundtable discussion group. Donald Hebb was also there, as was Leo Goldberg. Another interesting attendee was Norbert Wiener, father of cybernetics. It was at this symposium that Lily supposedly asked the other researchers how many of their subjects wanted to try sensory deprivation again. None did. Lily wrote in his biographies that he started to grow wary of conducting research that could be used for nefarious intelligence purposes at the National Institute of Mental Health. Before leaving, he was asked to report on his brain search to a panel of military intelligence officials. Lily agreed, provided that he would be free to republish his report openly. This request apparently landed him in hot water with his superiors and led to a number of inconveniences which cemented his decision to leave the NIMH. Lily did not ultimately publish the report that he delivered to the military brass, but there is an unpublished, undated paper in his archives that may in fact be that report, and its contents are quite startling. The title was Special Considerations of Modified Human Agents as Reconnaissance and Intelligence Devices. Lily writes, recent work hints that if a person is physically and socially isolated by a group long enough that, A, his motivations are altered even radically, B, his orientation from past objects, including persons, of intense interest can be shifted to present, to presently acting objects chosen by the controlling group, C, such interest includes hate as well as love, and D, he tends to absorb information from selected signals sent into him on demand in a way which can profoundly influence subsequent thinking and behavior. Apparently under these conditions there can be an injection of outside data into the inside generators with some reprogramming developing. Cameron, that's you and Cameron, has shown that even under less drastic conditions psychic implants can be induced by verbal, emotionally important statements repainted many times from a tape and exert profound effects for the next few weeks of thought and behavior. In section 2, electrical stimulation of the brain, motivation control. In recent years it has been shown to be practical to stimulate basic motivational states by direct electrical stimulation of the brain. Profound and intense states of fear, panic, terror, pain, nausea, fatigue, intense non-sexual and sexual pleasure and of trance, sleep and coma can be induced by the stimulation of appropriate zones of the brain. A technique for covert and relatively safe implantation of electrodes into the human brain has been devised. The animal work has been closely followed by the work on the human. Using such techniques one has push button control of the totality of motivation and of consciousness. One can control a person where he lives in intensity and in time with relatively simple methods. Combined with isolation and an interrogation team such methods probably can be cannot be was stood by even the strongest personalities. Extract relating present day work with small numbers of electrodes to a future with many one can visualize the visual control or the future control not only a motivation but of the detailed instant to instant thought and pre-thought processes themselves. With hundreds of electrodes and with electrical stimuli distributed among appropriately appropriately in time patterns probably thoughts can be controlled and experienced as if voluntarily self-controlled. If present theory is correct this message with method will lead to master slave controls directly of one brain over another in greater or lesser degree. The path is a possible one but the quantities of control achievable are to be determined experimentally. The ultimate uses of such techniques in the military sphere seem to be obvious. Okay and I've gone past my time but I'm just going to hit a few more points here. After this the CIA ban on a project 119 MK ultra sub project 119 which provided funds for a study conducted by redacted to make a critical review of the literature and scientific developments related to the recording analysis and interpretation of bioelectric signals from the human organism and activation of human behavior by remote means. Okay this is the dolphin stuff I don't get to talk about. It would have been cool. Okay so the Kubark CIA manual was published in 1963 and this basically summarized brought together a lot of what they learned from project artichoke. They believe that the current sensory deprivation research supported the following theories. The more complete the place of confinement the more rapidly and deeply will the interrogate be affected. Results produced only after weeks or months of imprisonment in an ordinary cell can be duplicated in hours or days in a cell which has no light, which is sound proofed, in which odors are eliminated etc. An early effect of such an environment is anxiety. Interrogator can benefit from the subject's anxiety. As the interrogator becomes linked in the subject's mind with the reward of lessened anxiety, human contact and meaningful activity, and thus with providing relief for growing discomfort, the questioner assumes a benevolent role. The deprivation of stimuli induces regression by depriving the subject's mind of contact with an outer world and thus forcing it upon itself. At the same time the calculated provision of stimuli during interrogation tends to make the regress subject view the interrogator as a father figure. The result normally is the strengthening of the subject's tendencies towards compliance. And as you can see, the Kubark manual and practices therein are still in place in places such as Guantanamo Bay. Meanwhile, there were more sensory deprivation studies being carried on, some under the auspices of the CIA, others not. I hate to leave it out on negative note, but that's about the end of my presentation now. If you want to hear more, come check out my podcast, Deep State History, and I've got a Patreon page for it. And I'll just scooch through these slides here. That's Jolly West. Actually, Jay Talmad surely went and worked for him. Very interesting character indeed. There's Jack Ruby. I wasn't kidding about the JFK stuff. And there's John Lillian again. And thank you very much. It's been a pleasure. Come talk to me later if you want to hear more.


Welcome to Jalassa News. Take a top story in crypto and bring out a bite-sized pieces. So today, just as the thumbnail suggests, we're going to take a look at just what is going on with the market, not just our market, because our market, we're not in a bubble. We cannot live in this small ecosphere. It really expands out. We're going to take a look at what's going on with the traditional markets, and that is happening. So we'll take a look. First, we'll take a look at what's going on with the market. Ours ourselves. We'll take a look at the traditional market and is it correlated with what's going on. We're going to take a look at what I call the good news. And next to last, we'll take a look as far as looking forward, businesses and payments and what it all means. And lastly, we'll just go over quick questions. Your top five questions answered, and you can leave those in the comments section at the right. So first of all, welcome everybody. Welcome to the show. Doing another live stream quickly just to get things out of the way. Before we move on, let's make sure audio and video is good. I have had problems in the past. I just want to make sure that we are, you can hear me, you can see me, it's not too glitchy, all that good stuff. And I look like Matthew McConaughey. I will take that today. I think today is not a great day for me. Someone says, even George is bearish, that question no one has the answer to. Yeah, I don't have all the answers. I just have a little bit of data and we'll take a look at that. Okay, audio meter, good. Let's get going, shall we? So first up, let's take a look. Let me get this out of the way. All good, good audio. Let's take a look at the market itself. And right now, we were just, we're just at 2.2 trillion. Well, now here we are down below 2 trillion. Depends on which, on which different place you look at. You can look coin market cap. And that'll tell you like one market cap around 2.1. You can take a look coin gecko. That'll take you to around 2.48, 2.5. You can take a look at trade the chain, which is sentiment analysis, link in the description. And it'll tell you it's below two. But it's somewhere around there. And let's just be honest, we've all seen a slippage of what's going on. So we're roughly around 2 trillion. Looks like we're down a bit below. The big thing is, there's two big things, the sentiment. You know, what is a sentiment out there? What are people thinking is going to happen? We're still neutral. We don't know which way we're going. I'm going to tell you where I think we're going a bit. But let's take a look at just hard data, which is, what's the price? That's always interesting. So if we take a look at Bitcoin, right now, over the last 24 hours, we've seen a slippage of 2%. If there is even more so, 3.6. Tether, Tether is Tether. It's a stable coin. Binance coin down two, crown down two. Although crown had a pretty massive run. Solana down three, almost four, XRP, 2%. Everything's down. Is there anything up? Let's just go with that. In the last 24 hours, anything up? Hey, a theorem classic. Great. Congratulations, theorem classic holders. All two of you. I'm just kidding. I'm sure a lot of the theorem classic holders. Tether's up 3%. Probably metaverse play. Ave up 3. Stacks up 8%. Good for stacks. DeFi play for Bitcoin. But the one thing you'll notice here is in the last hour, people are still pretty a little bit bullish and they're buying into it. So that's what we have right here. But if we take a look at what's going on in the additional space, this is what I always look at pretty much every day over a trading view. Take a look at the market summary. We can see that the traditional space itself is down just a touch. Just a touch. And we can see that, yes, the S&P, the NASDAQ, the Dow, everything is just down across the board. And the question then is, well, let's just really jump into it and just see exactly how far down it's going. And it's not a big thing. Remember, if you have never played in the traditional finance space or stocks, 1% is a pretty big day. 2% is as hellacious and 5% is just unthinkable, depending on like S&P 500s, which is down. So today, we're down 1.61%. We started off pretty high, 46.32%. But again, unfortunately, in the traditional space, people really hyper focus in on the day. And it doesn't matter what you're investing into, you really should have that mindset of when in doubt, zoom out. So let's just back up for a second. Take a look at the five day. That's not bad. Actually, I take that back. It's kind of bad. We've seen it like go up, kind of push up here, and then go down. What about a month? Same thing we're here. How about six months? Not too bad. How about a year? Pretty good. So again, even the traditional space, people will flip out because they don't, they just have this mindset to hyper focus in on the last day, the last hour, the last two hours or whatever else it is. But yeah, we can see that there is a decline. So why? What's going on? Well, we can also take a look at the numbers here for Bitcoin. And I am not a TA guy, just going to tell you guys straight. I just, I don't. But the little things that I do know, I can see if we take a look at the four hour, you can see a pretty nice little decline here happening over the last four, eight, 16, 20, 24, so on and so forth. And now we're down to around 41. And look at these little wicks right here. These red candles, I'm going to take a look at the RSI relative strength index. We're going in pretty oversold territory, which is, I mean, it's crypto is what it is. But you can take a look here, the MACD has flipped. And all you got to know here is when the MACD flips and we see a little bit more red underneath here, you're going to see a little bit more selling. So does this mean there's going to be a lot more selling? Nobody knows. It's crypto TA is only TA is works until it doesn't. So the big question then is, what's going on? Why is this happening? Well, it could be just basically summed up like this. The stock market, everybody is skittish because of the earnings reports that are coming out. And also because of the interest rates that we keep hearing about being raised. And it's so much so that we've got a lot of people on traditional finance space, traditional markets going, man, I can't deal with that. So here's what we got today. So today it is January 18th, Tuesday. US stocks fell sharply Tuesday morning quarterly earnings reports from companies across all three major indexes, the down Jones, the digital average plunged more than 500 points, sky is falling. And the tech heavy NASDAQ shed at 1.7 as Wall Street continued away, the likelihood of sooner than expected interest rate hike. So if you're unfamiliar with it, the Fed comes in and says, look, we've been printing all this money, and that's sweet and nice for everybody. But at some point, we have to rein that in. And we want that money back. So we're going to start to increase the rates. And we're not going to essentially buy a bunch of these different properties or the different things that kind of bail out the stock market. So what we're going to do, let's raise a little bit, not going to be too much, maybe like three quarters of a point, and maybe just one, but probably a couple, maybe four. And if you listen to Jamie Dimon, maybe it's going to be like eight, who knows. But in the traditional space, people are like, that is way too much. It's going to cause us just to crater, debatable. But again, we will see. So moving on, Goldman Sachs, as far as earnings go, oh, excuse me, let me go back up here. The yield on the benchmark 10-year treasury rose to its highest level in two years up to 1.84%. Wow, watch out. That's just a little hedge for all the different problems that are happening in the markets itself. You get into treasury notes, and you can offset some of those risks. If you're into those, I don't really think it's a big deal for 1.84% per year, but that's just me. But here's the problem. Earnings report. Goldman Sachs, PNC Bank and Bank of New York Mellon, one of the oldest banks here in the US, I don't know if it's globally, but definitely the US, released earning report for the last three months of 2021 before market opens. Goldman Sachs reported a fourth quarter earnings that fell below the analysts expectations, reflecting a decline in profit for the last three months of the year due to weakness in its trading arm. Well, that's a bummer, sorry. And before I go on, I just have to ask the question and what everybody else thinks here. Because when I take a look at this, and I see how the S&P drops, the Dow drops, the traditional market just pretty much drops because of these earnings report, and I take a look at the crypto market, and we have seen 2%, 3% as well. We see Bitcoin going down, Ethereum going down, and people say, no, no, it's not correlated. I happen to believe that it actually is just a little bit because we love, we love when the traditional space comes in, the hedge funds and everybody else comes in with their money, and they buy up all the crypto, but we hate it when they sell. And again, like I've always said before, we're one of the few places that's open 24-7, 365, unless you're 4x, I guess. So if they're going to take some losses, where are they going to take it out of? Well, probably in a market they don't usually really believe in, and that's us. So I'm not saying that's what I believe, I'm just saying that's pretty much how it goes because I kind of feel like traditional space kind of treats this place as like a piggy bank for some reason. Even though if they were smart, they would hold on for a long haul because I think I know where things I believe or I feel that I believe where things are going. I don't know for sure. This is just investment opinion, not investment advice. All right. So jumping back, there is some good news for the traditional markets, those guys. The outlook for 2022 remains positive among strategists who anticipate that although the year is unlikely to match the blockbuster to the 2021, stocks are in good shape for solid returns. And investors will also tune into fresh data out of Washington and do out that today, including fresh reads in the New York Federal Reserve's Empire Manufacturing Index and the National Home Builder Association's Housing Market Index. And I can just tell you right now, Housing Market is still pretty darn strong. We actually just sold a couple of properties ourselves because I'll be honest with you, the prices are just ridiculously high. So why wouldn't we sell? Actually, I was talking to a friend of mine, Paul Barone over the Paul Barone Network. And he was saying that millionaires in Florida were selling their properties because the prices were so ridiculously high and they were moving into Airbnb's for, he said probably a year or a year and a half or maybe longer, because they're just going to write it out and then once everything kind of readjusts and markets fall, which they always do, and they'll buy back in. That's how smart money does it. So that's what we have as far as the traditional markets so we can kind of see how things are going. There's a problem with earnings reports. People didn't make as much.  They can't even deal with one, two percent. Let me just think about that in the comment section. Let's take a look at some good news. So traditional finances, they have their problems. But I tend to take a look at what's going on behind the scenes and where things were because you can't know where you're going until you know where you've been. And if we take a look, I love this, there is this Twitter account I follow, Blockworks. They're always, they always got some great data. And here's one of them. And it talks about purchasing power of the dollar or a hundred dollars to be specific. So when you see all these different hedge funds and institutions and they're selling out and they're holding onto dollars, I don't understand why they're doing that. I see it's incredibly short-sighted because if they're selling everything and holding onto dollars and hoarding onto it, what are you doing? What are you doing, guy? All you're doing is dealing with the inflation of seven percent. And if it's not getting at seven percent, you can put it into those bonds. Well, good luck with that 1.83 percent. But here's the problem. The dollar is slipping. It's been slipping. The purchasing power has gone down over time. 1950, it was with a hundred bucks, 1990, $18 and 2021, $8.70, which is why when your grandparents said they bought, they could buy bread and a house for a nickel. Well, it's an exaggeration, but you know what I mean. The purchasing power has gone down so much. It's just kind of astounds what people just say, like even people in my own family are like, no, I'm just going to write it out in cash. Sounds like a great plan, have fun with inflation. And then if we take also take a look at just some on-chain analysis. This was a good one from Glass Node. It talks about whales are holding Bitcoin more than ever. Let me blow this up so you can see a little more. So this is over time, over the last 2015, 67, 22, and 22. And we take a look at exchanges or supplies. That's in that brownish looking graph. You can see that it kind of peaked, peaked right before 2020. There's a lot of different Bitcoin as being held in the exchanges in it. People slowly sort of take it off and put it in a cold storage or whatever they were doing with it. And then of course, you've got whales or holders that have more than 1,000 Bitcoin. Hint, I am not one of those people. Maybe someday. No, I'll probably never get there. But you can see how it just, they've actually increased over time, precipitously, since 2018. It's amazing actually. 2016, 2017, there was a huge accumulation. Then they dumped it all in 2017 because it was super over-evaluated. And then they let it drop some more. And they just started from 2018 to now, just accumulating, accumulating, accumulating. Because when they talk about smart money, well, there's the example. There's a great example of smart money and what people are doing. Again, I don't see why you wouldn't put a little bit into crypto if the purchasing power of the dollar is going down. And then also, don't forget about the people who are getting into crypto. Speaking of the S&P 500, this is Bill Miller. We've already talked about this. He is one of the Wall Street legends. And he was one of the few people that could beat the basic buy and hold of getting into the S&P 500. And he did it for 15 years straight. And that's a guy who knows a lot about stocks. And you know what he just said a couple of weeks ago? Actually, one week, January 10th. He said he put 50% of his personal wealth into Bitcoin. And another part was like Amazon and something else, but 50% into Bitcoin. So if we just take a step back and go, what the hell is going on with everything that's going on in the market? Are we in the right place? Are we doing the right things? Because I mean, I can't tell you what to do. Again, investment of paying on investment advice. But if we take a look at the big picture, I think people, when they do things, they tend to look at things that have worked in the past, which because we're all victims of our own past repetitions, they say, well, it worked in the past to just sell and get into cash and stick it in the same music count, like my parents and grandparents told me, also to work at a job for 40 years and just live off the pension. It doesn't happen. Well, it does in some places. But in this case, it's the same thing that things going to happen is going to work out. I don't think it's going to work out too well. Now, let me know what you think about that. And then lastly, I just want to show you like just to really drive this home as far as like what this looks like just looking forward as far as business and payments. And this actually came to us through the daily upside. Daily upside, it's a free newsletter I get every single day. There's a link in the description. It's free. And it just kind of keeps us up to date with what's going on in like the macro financial environment in our whole world. And one of the things one of the stories that came out, it talks about Apple, Amazon and Ford contend with payment models and why is payment models and payments transactions online such a big deal. It's such a big deal because they make a lot of money and they lose a lot of money by doing these transactions. So here's what it states. It's really good. I do like this one says Apple, Apple, if you don't know, takes for for people like me and you if we did an app or put an app in there, they take 30% of all the transactions that are done. If you haven't in the Apple platform. So if you create, let me drive this home, let me try to drive this home. If you create an app, and you want Apple users to download and use it if there's any way shape or form to where you want them to pay for your service, Apple immediately takes a third of it 30%. It does myself and I never use Apple again. So if you think about payments, just think about how much crypto noodle assets could actually solve this problem. So Apple takes 30% of purchases. But the Netherlands came up against them and said, look, you can't do that Netherlands antitrust authority ruled blocking alternatives in app payment methods, notably in dating apps like Tinder breached competition rules or antitrust laws. I guess you could say Apple said, okay, they're going to cave. They said, okay, if you want to do that, they said that if apps choose to use a third party payments outside of Apple pay, it won't be able to help them with user refunds subscription management or payment issues, which is I think reasonable. And they'll need to create a separate app for only the Netherlands. So like, okay, if you want to do that, we'll do it just for you guys until someone else sues us. And Apple says it will still put some kind of surcharge on the third party transactions. Why are they being such whatever to do these things? Why are they being so so hard headed? It's because Apple made 85 billion or 22% of all revenues off the app store in 2021. So if you think about what could be a huge disruptor, it's payments for businesses, not just small businesses like mine, medium sized businesses, large sized businesses. And this is why Amazon did the same thing. Amazon on Monday backed off threats to ban visa payments in the UK. They actually shut off visa payments in the UK. I actually verify this with UK residents. They originally setting high transaction fees resulting from Brexit. The Commerce Giant said it's working with visa on a truce. We'll see what works out.  Stripe is an online transaction payment processor I use it myself. It's 2.99% plus 30 cents for each transaction or 1.99% and depending on what they get, they sign a five year deal with Stripe to use this technology to process e-commerce payments in North America and Europe. I think that's going to bite them because they're going to be there with five years. If crypto payments and digital asset payments come out and you can use name your favorite crypto and the payments are actually low, then I think that could be the next big thing. So again, why don't you think about that? And that's it for today. Now we're just going to go over and just do a quick five questions. Send me your questions right now in the chat and I'll answer those and we'll try to get out of here under 20 minutes. That's my goal every day. Get out of here under 20 minutes. We're at 19, we're not going to make it, 1930. Okay. What do we got? Let me turn this off. We don't need this. Crypto should not be correlated to the stock market. Yes, that's true. However, I, it kind of looks like it is.  Well, now it's here. So what are you going to do? Let's see. Can you prove this measure to prove it's live? Alex is live. Come on. It's goofy. So that's one. You excited for these? Yes. So I crypto Cody cookie shout out to cookie over there at these nuts NFTs. I do love that whole project. It's great.  And yeah, I'm glad these guys are doing pretty good for utility type of thing. We're looking forward to that casino. All right. And let's see. So that's to why it's long down. Everything's down. That's just how it is. Just take a look at the last 15 minutes I was talking about. Rob, what do you predict the price of Bitcoin will be in three months? Tell you exactly what it is. Here's my prediction for 2022. What's the Bitcoin price today? It is the Bitcoin price day is $41,642. So here's my prediction for 2022 Bitcoin will be between $41,642 and $100,000 in 2022. Here's my prediction. There you go. One of my lessons predictions. That's three. This is a good question. Why are Bush's Bush? That's a great question. I think it has to do with photosynthesis and the way that Bush's grow and thrive and depends on how much you water them. That's four. What's your thoughts on Bitcoin? I can't believe it actually went up. I can't believe Bitcoin went up. I remember when Charlie Lee sold it at the very top and the guy's like, you know, Charlie was one of the founders of Bitcoin and he sold it right at the perfect time and he got out. He's the only guy I know that could do that. And I'll never buy Bitcoin. I just don't see the whole point of it. Maybe it could be do great, but I doubt it. And that's it. So look, everybody, thanks for stopping by. I appreciate it. If you like today's video, give it a thumbs up. Also consider subscribing. I always talk about our time sensitive. That's it for today. Just as a quick reminder, for all you Voyager fans, I will have the CEO, Steve Erlich on the show January 31st. I already know the questions they ask them. So you can put that in the comments, not here, but in the comments over on the regular, you know, not in the live chat in the comments. And I'll take a look at those. But I've already got the top three and I just need two more. So let me know what you want. And that's it. Thanks so much. See you on the next one.


comes the issue that you know how what is meant by the response of soil to the environments different type of environments I think I had discussed about you know soil and structures they interact with each other we call them as soil structure interaction and soils are used to create structures and sometimes structures are created in the soil mass or sometimes the structures are created on the soil mass clear. So laying the foundation is on the soil mass making embankments different type of retaining structures with the soil mass and when you are creating conduits cavities tunnels this is inside the soil mass. So soil structure interaction is a very interesting question which people are trying to address yes each of these statement which I have talked about on, in and with has environmental attributes associated with it clear. So when you are talking about the aerobic and aerobic conditions as deeper you go in the soils you will be having switch over from organic to inorganic situation alright this is a good example. So different type of environmental conditions might be associated with the systems which you are talking about. Now pore fluid is the one which is present in the pores in the form of either gases or liquids or the combination and present day you know way of looking at this is when you when you derive a parallel or equivalent between the human body and the soils is if I can diagnose you by taking some sample of your blood alright similarly I can diagnose the soils or geomaterials by taking a sample of pore fluid. So pore fluid is the one which is present in the pores either in the form of the liquids or in gases we will discuss this in details how to extract pore fluid because they are your syringes may not work what doctors do is very difficult to take out pore fluid from the soils. So what type of techniques are used to sample pore solutions from the soils and the geomaterials it could be concrete it could be rocks it could be soils this has to be studied in a very very different manner. In other words the pore fluids also depict the state of the environment which is present inside the soil mass clear the temperature the pressure the humidity the type of bacterial growth under aerobic anaerobic condition the type of gases which are getting formed are an indication of what type of processes and the mechanisms are happening in the soil system. So pore fluid characteristics are becoming very very important to discuss interaction of soil with heat I think I gave you ample examples you know when soils come in contact with elevated temperature this could be a forging unit this could be something like you know you might be having a furnace foundation for a furnace or you might be having a rolling forging unit somewhere in the industry where the hammer drops produces a lot of heat rocket launching pads you know different type of cables which are buried inside the soils for industrialization most of the time when you do ground improvement you inject chemicals in the soils and these soils might react with the chemicals. Nuclear waste disposal is a good example of how soil heat interaction occurs nuclear waste is at elevated temperature. Similarly the leachers which are coming out of the landfills might also be at elevated temperature and this might react with the soils alright so I am sure you must be realizing that these issues these type of interactions have not been discussed until now in the conventional subjects because the conventional subject was devoid of the environmental conditions in which the soils are living are located alright. So soil chemical interaction I am sure now it is clear to you contaminants getting discharged either inside the soil or on the soil mass would create a soil chemical interaction and we want to see what happens after the interaction occurs soil bacteria interaction I gave you ample examples you know pathogenic discharges if these sludges are not treated properly and if you take out these sediments and pile them up somewhere this is going to become a part of the geo environment environment. Soil root interaction I think we discussed about this so those of you who might get a chance to work in stabilization of soil based on vegetation is picking up and this is being done at several places in my consulting also I have used this concept of soil root interaction at different tailing ponds in the country and where I have recommended vetiver grass if you are aware of vetiver grass vetiver is the name of the grass it grows very fast and the roots penetrate through the soils vetiver v e t i v e are vetiver. So this is a variety of the grass which is you know quite commonly available or you can transport it and you can you can grow it on the slopes of or the embankments. So the beauty is the root acts as an reinforcement and it holds the soils so you check the photographs I will also show you it is a good example of how soil root interaction occurs. If you look at the physics behind this roots produce suction alright and when suction gets created truly speaking this becomes a soil suction interaction clear a three phase system that means the pores are now filled up with air water and this dynamics of the air and water guides the properties of the soil. Similarly soil bacteria interaction also does the same thing bacteria might be producing gases because of decomposition of the organic matter and once these gases produce and they remain in the soil the whole system becomes very susceptible to temperature and pressure alright. So these type of dynamics people are studying then of course soil electrical electric or charge you may say interaction. So soil heat and soil electric phenomena could be coupled also passage of current through a conductor produces heat alright. So this is a very interesting mechanism where people would like to study what happens water present in the soil is a dipole clear it is a polar material polar liquid. So now if the polar liquid gets exposed to the electromagnetic field how the properties of the fluid themselves will change alright. So these type of things become very important when you are talking about different types of sensing tools which you are using them whether electrical signals are used to detect something in the soil mass I will talk about this separately in the form of electrical characterization of soils, thermal characterization of soils, chemical characterization of soils, biological characterization of soils and so on. The last in this series would be the soil and liquid water interaction. So I am sure you must have come across the soil which contains water and this water is of different types we call this as environmental water also we call this as a you know gravitational water, free water, bound water, adsorbed water. So these type of concepts are becoming very, very pertinent in discussion nowadays. So just to show you some of the examples of you know how this is being done I think this is what I have been talking about I will show you few cases where the type of problem which I am dealing with you know this is a beautiful example of the problem with which most of my students are related right now. Indulco industries is the largest industry in the world which produces alumina and production of alumina is because of digestion of bauxite. So whatever residues are left over this is known as red mud. Now the question is where you are going to throw the red mud. So this is becoming a big problem for the society and hope you can realize that a lot of dust is there and you know the disposal places have to be defined very clearly and if you see you know these are the red mud ponds and I do not know how many of you have visited such type of red mud ponds there is a huge area about 100 acres land where the height of the landfills or the height of the disposal ponds would be 40 to 50 meters. So it is a huge challenge you know the more and more bauxite which you are digesting to produce alumina the volumes of the red mud which is industrial byproduct is increasing and if you research on this subject you will realize that red mud contains a lot of caustic in it so it is pH is about 12 to 30. So you are stacking a material on the surface of the earth which is highly basic in nature clear. So this is the hazard associated with this. Now the question is how would you handle this how would you you know dispose it whatever these are the challenges which you are supposed to handle. Now look at the second situation which I have included over here they have several units in India which are operating and this is from Uthkul you know this should be I think from Belgaum I do not know whether you have seen this or not this is the refinery alumina refinery and when you drive from Bombay towards Kerala or Karnataka then on the way you will realize that there is a big stack of you know red mud and this is a national highway Mumbai highway you can see. So the handling disposal maintenance of these type of huge disposal facilities which have been created as a you know as a consequence of modern day civilization is a big challenge brainstorm your session to brainstorm and give the answers to the industry. This is the eastern part of the country from Uthkul which I have taken I do not know how many of you know this place in Orissa. So this is a unit where the process is being done and disposal is being done at several kilometers away. So piping, pumping of the red mud or the industrial byproducts which are coming out is a big issue. So designing of these retention ponds is a big question big challenge unfortunately not many people are aware of you know the practice of dealing with the waste which is chemically activated. Had it been soils 200 years, 500 years, thousands of years people have the experience of handling with the soils and making retention system. But when it comes to the chemically active systems how would you handle them, how would you use them, how would you create something out of this is a big question. Another example I thought I will show you is of again the Hindalko, well this is from the Renu court in the Mezapur district of UP. So look at this I mean these are the, so this is the Renu river and you know this is the belt where most of the thermal power plants a lot of mining is going on. And this is a huge plant where the alumina refinery is Renu court. And look at this the way the red mud is being disposed and now the question is how to tackle it in a scientific manner. And you should read about this accident which occurred sometime back, Ajika aluminum plant you know which happened in Hungary. So these are the you know slope stability issues which you should be dealing with as environmental geotechnology, geotechnologist. These are all soil, water, environment, interaction, examples, WCL coal mines, a lot of acid mine drains and drainage is taking place you know. If you see, zoom this system you will realize that a lot of mining is going on you know these are the extra deep mines or which WCL is trying to do. And this is where I work on the mining issues, geo-environmental issues related to mining operations. These are the extra large mines the diameter would be about 7 to 10 kilometers and they are trying to go up to several hundreds of meter deep in the ground to excavate the coal. So these type of problems you can realize now to see you know you can imagine that a large portion of the soil has been cut. So these slopes remain unstable most of the time you have to stabilize them. I am doing a project right now at WCL Vane Gaum project this is what is known as Vane Gaum. And I hope you can realize that if I tell you the intricacy of the things you know this is the river. So most of the mines are you know in the vicinity of the rivers alright. Look at this, this is the confluence of the mine for the rivers this is one river and this is another river and this is where the mines are located. So lot of discharge takes place when you excavate and you know that becomes a very critical issue that how would you do mining against excessive discharge. Remember these are simple slope stability problems but then they are having an issue which is associated with the environment. It could be seepage, it could be chemicals, it could be temperatures, it could be bacterial pathogenic and so on. So we are talking about different type of situations. Well these are the challenges which we have to face as a geotextile engineer in today's world. This is our landfill extremely close to IID campus this is the Devanar dumping landfill when you go towards VT from the eastern express highway you will realize that there is a huge land and when you are landing inside the Bombay city you know when the pilot announces crew stations, landing at stations. So that point if you start looking at down then you will realize you can see some part of the landfill quite clearly. So this is another issue where landfill fires took place in the recent past and the whole Bombay city had tough time you must have seen the photographs which were released by NASA about 2-3 years back you know it shows the magnanimous nature of you know how much the landfills are responsible for polluting the water bodies if the designs are not done properly. So what you are seeing over here is this is the Devanar dumping and look at the population the population is just right up to the brim of the landfill you know they are in fact living over there because they do not find the land. So this is the modern day civilization which we are so much proud of I hope you can realize look at the densely populated areas in the vicinity of the landfill and then there are water bodies streams of water which are getting polluted because of landfills, leachates or the gases which are coming out of it alright. So this gives you a good example of what type of interaction we are talking about. So I have talked about different sectors industrial processes and even the you know at municipal level also the type of pollution which is becoming a big threat to the modern day civilization mining, dredging, we will talk about all these sectors slowly and slowly. Exactly you were saying that you are working with WCL sectors in case of mines. So what are the actual problems they are facing can you please name some. All problems and problems and problems only this is nothing which is not a problem they are starting from site selection to dumping of the overburden to creation of the material for reclamation of the mines to stability of the mines to seepage in the mines to toxic water which is coming out of the mines we have to discharge it how to treat it how to put it back in the rivers to social issues, political issues, agricultural lands lost. So many things how to minimize the area where the stacking can be more and more higher that is what everybody wants then how to utilize this material for other purpose yeah so I think I can show you the lagoons also in fact in Bombay this is the guard copper lagoon you know have you ever seen a lagoon. So these are the aerators which are aerating yes mixing and aerating so that these water gets cleaned up. So these are the aerators which are installed over here and yeah sir is it possible to quantify the strength that is provided by the vegetation roots of it is it possible to quantify the strength quantify yeah of course yes lot of papers are there as a new subject all together so they do you will be surprised to know that the geotechnical engineers take out the roots and they find out the tensile strength of the roots also and they implement it in the models which they have done 3D models. So this is where the subject is all sorts of interactions are being modeled now in your softwares how the properties change over a period of time I mean I remember I had written a proposal where I wanted to see how roots migrate in the soil I wanted to capture everything electronically by using a set of sensors and then I wanted to relate it to the growth of the canopy of the tree somehow this project was not funded all this happens. So I wanted to study because see as I said a farmers will never study the mechanics of the problem beneath 200 to 300 centimeters all right maximum because that is the zone in which they are interested beyond that is our run so we have to understand how roots migrate is for me say is a tensile strength of soils and the roots migrate into it reinforcement of the soil because of secondary tertiary roots and so on so my perception of looking at the problem is different yeah yes so quantification has been done please read recent papers. Sir one more question is that that you said about the acid drainage by mining is it possible through non-mining activities like some construction of tunnels or something. So wherever you have pyrite or iron sulphide and when it gets exposed to the atmosphere oxygenated oxidized then sulphuric acid is going to get formed and how long will the effect last how long means now once the acid comes out and starts flowing in the water body you read about what is happening in the Assam most of the rivers are polluted people cannot drink water so these are the issues so these are the contemporary issues you should be aware of you know what is happening how would they do cultivation because if acids are present in the water this water cannot be used for vegetation yes please. So if we compare the strength of roots of plants will that be like comparable to our geomaterials geotextiles. Let me the biggest issue is without plant without plant without roots what is the strength of the material and if I grow them what is going to happen so an engineer always talks about cross and cons clear. So sometime back I said that roots can be used grass can be used to stabilize the slopes. Now if I want to quantify the whole thing I would like to see from initial condition how much the material has got upgraded or it has deteriorated you never know the roots might deteriorate the rocks also you must have seen sometimes the vegetation on the you know concrete creates cracks also. So this is where judiciously you have to understand the mechanism so maybe a very open ended answer to your question is that you have to observe what is happening and then you have to understand the whole mechanism. So that is why I say that most of these mechanism the process require lot of time of your life. Sir can we use all type of plants means for. No there are different types of varieties I mean you should read in I mean I am not a plant pathologist. Some are good for soil and some are not ground water depletion. I agree with you yes yes so that is a big subject what type of vegetation and weight of the vegetation itself is going to be a big problem. So suppose you are stabilizing the slopes and if you plant a mango tree over there is going to be societal. Recently I read in Punjab there was a problem related with ground water depletion due to paddy cultivation. Correct not paddy there are few trees which uptake lot of water particularly you can this is one there are different types of it. So this is where you have to sit down and you have to talk to the you know plant pathologist the guys who are experts in subjects particular subject. So this is what we do so like my laboratory we talk about the nutrition of the soils and within this nutrition on the soil what can be grown. Sometimes the nutrition can also be changed I can create a nutrition depending upon the requirement. That is where the science of the technology of the soils comes in the picture catering to the requirement of a project you create something alright so you have to do all this. If this subject intrigues you then read more and more on different types of varieties of plants. Yeah so another example of the question could be sometime back when I was dealing with a contaminated soil and we wanted to rectify it so I had recommended some varieties of the plants for phytoremediation. So phytoremediation is a very big subject in geotechnical engineering on which lot of people are working already. So what species of chemicals can be logged alright logged in the sense that once you grow these type of plants they have a uptake capacity and they will solve all these type of heavy metals concentration of chemicals and this chemical concentration cannot move from one place to another place passivation. So these are big subjects people like you should come forward and study them yes. Sir we have seen that soil interaction with heat chemical etcetera what about magnetic field. Yeah so it is less study but my student on Dr. Susha Lakshmi so her thesis if you see in the paper which she has published is the magnetic characterization of soils was published about 2 years back in ASTM go through that paper and I think our lab was the first to talk about the magnetic characterization of the soils and generalize the magnetization behavior of the soils. So we are trying to classify the soils based on their magnetic characteristics and why we are doing this because we want to understand the soil moisture content. So you might not have thought by this time that how critical the soil moisture content is and soil moisture content depends upon the magnetic characteristics of the soils.


You too was good man, and today we're gonna be continuing off the Slendy Bob series episode 6 through 11 Because I think episode 12 got deleted or something like that Sadly, but it is what it is man. We're still gonna react to this series regardless And yeah, make sure to kick back relax and grab some snacks and let's enjoy the show Oh, yeah, and a quick shout out to a night tonight. Make sure to go check them out and all that good stuff Who's squealing Oh, it's in like Slendy Bob cause I'm on the phone Is that a clock of Gary, it's okay nobody likes we're living their way, dude. Don't look oh Right behind you bro turn around That's my ride That is a very gruesome death Okay, now we got the Seems like he hasn't heard of Slendy Bob Not impressed He killed the flying Dutchman is a pretty greedy person Although he might go toe-to-toe with mr.  Oh All right, that was it. All right episode seven at sponges and She is freaking out yo, how are you still hanging on? He does not give up Oh now she's feeding this man's not stopped in pieces quiet darkness fell across the sea Some had been that's the second time he killed the safety while others chose a life of sin Tom was the first to go All he did was consume chocolate But in sure yeah, he lost many of his friends and suffered greatly Sacrificing much of himself to satisfy his cravings Many chocolate bars are they to shove down the throat next was Kevin I don't like that guy his laziness quickly raged out of control as he abused those who admired him most At the end of the day. He was just a dried up pickle And you he was always sour Sloth oh Yo, you can see his spine his brain He probably deserve that Finally King Neptune king Neptune God of the sea himself His envy of SpongeBob's cooking skills made him blind to the needs of the never be Janice for now another person's skills oh Is that the right through the chest? I think you crucify them Wait, is that Tony Montana's house from Scarface? This is Scarface Mrs. Puff is the one to kill him just like the movie Wait, so is that the end of Slendibon's legacy slendibob's destruction the refugees of bikini bottom Resettled building a new community with the help of Mrs. Puff Mrs. Puff became elder presiding over the village in the years to come not for long they pressed on Wondering what may lie ahead Slendibop episode 8 Don of Sam Hain Yo, what is going on? Kind of devil rich with the slendibomb, but he was dead. Maybe that a ghost Wow He has possess good words Mr. Krabs sounds like everybody's coming back, but evil in a scene described by one Investigator has reminiscent of a weird religious, right? You see how wonderful life can be with your maniacal, of course he would just look at him The shape of evil Wait, so he created him if I'm not mistaken six hours later, is this what we're I should have known it was too good to be true Oh Plankton you might want to look out the window.  Oh, nice. That was a sonic gig to jump scare by the way Oh, Stanley pulled up She's gonna be evil, bro. She's evil, bro To be continued. Oh, come on episode nine. I think I think we're on episode nine now Yeah, episode nine into the fire He's a sponge you can stick any landing His first mom without clothes Hey, it's the meme. Dude, this is a whole episode. This is pretty cool I like green screened it out You got the doom out there This is it all of the clues are coming together I don't care if you're the demon seed of Davey Jones.   Wow Mrs. Puff No Not again I've got to end this thing before it that gives an equalizer the peacemaker May Neptune have mercy on your soul Let me put crabs to the calm down Where did the tree come from Bro, she beat them silly Hopefully they snapped out of it. It's kicking time Only said two words to the guy. Dang very strong. Wait, why does that hand look weird?   All right now moving on to episode 11 dead to rights. Oh Oh Squidward you good, bro Just lurking. Yes, dear. Where the heck are you running to bro? Oh Look at these two savages here.   Why are you walking run?  Thank you. Oh Why you look like that, I guess cuz they're on the real world rusty, bro That's crusty Bob Master tenon to be continued. Dude. She always comes in with the shotgun and blast everyone. Oh Good, oh, Mrs. Bob. Hey, this is not episode 12 Roblox horror music. What? Hey, this is some OG stuff. All right, you guys well sadly like I mentioned at the beginning Episode 12 has been deleted for some reason. I'm not too sure why a night tonight deleted episode 12 Maybe have some issues with it like some copy strikes and all that you know how YouTube be man And yeah, thank you for watching and I will see you on the next one


Pangbochi is a tiny, isolated village, high up within the mountains of Nepal. Resting at an altitude of 13,000 feet, it is located deep within the Himalayas. This tiny place is renowned for producing world-class sherpas and is mostly inhabited by the Sungdair Sherpa. Many putting this phenomenon down to the extremely inhospitable climates that people from the village are exposed to from a very young age. It is also the home of an ancient monastery whose resident monks seem at home completely isolated from the rest of mankind above the clouds on top of the mountains. Countless lost and extremely lucky souls have been lured to this place during the vicious blizzards which consumed the mountains saved only by the sound of the monks' ceremonial horns. If the Yeti does indeed exist, then these surrounding mountain ranges, all but forgotten by the outside world, would undoubtedly be a suitable home for extremely elusive beasts. And if a population of human beings were ever to encounter such an animal, it would have to be the monks of such monasteries dotted within these inhospitable and completely isolated mountain ranges. Everyone discovers that the majority of such populations not only believe in such creatures, but often claim to have witnessed them. The events that follow become all the more of an intriguing reality. Not only do some of these groups of devout and very long-running lines of monks claim to have seen them, but many stories are attached to such events. Some, the Pangbochi Monastery in particular, actually claim to be in possession of the physical remains of this creature. Peter Byrne, funded by an extremely wealthy oil tycoon by the name of Tom Slick, would find these remains high within the mountains that the monks had kept with them for many years as a ritual artifact, a part of their ceremonies day by day. Known as the Pangbochi Hand, Byrne had no idea what to expect. In his surprise, when the monks produced would appear to be an authentic Yeti's hand and a complete scalp. According to the monks many years prior, one of their brothers had walked into a cave to meditate. There, he saw a Yeti. He returned many years later to find that the Yeti was dead. He collected a hand and the scalp and took it back to the monastery where it remained. Led by the artifacts, Byrne requested they let him take them away for further study. Unfortunately, the monks refused, claiming the remains were too highly valued by the monastery. Unperturbed and determined to come away from there with some sort of hard evidence, in a shocking move, Peter Byrne stole sections of the hand bone from the monks, replacing them with human bone. Byrne then smuggled the bones out of Nepal and into India, where actor James Stewart allegedly smuggled the hand bones out of the country, in his luggage to England. Once at the London University, primatologist William Charles Osman Hill conducted a physical examination of the pieces that Byrne supplied. His first findings were that it was a hominid, and later in 1960, he decided that the Pangbochi fragments were a closer match to a Neanderthal, but not an exact match. In 1991, in conjunction with Lauren Coleman's research, it was discovered that the slick expedition consultant, an American anthropologist by the name of George Agagino, had retained other samples of the Pangbochi hand kept from the original theft. The NBC program Unsolved Mysteries obtained samples and determined they were similar to human tissue, but were not human, and could only verify they were near human. Only thereafter, most likely due to confirmation via forensic testing of the artifact's authenticity, the entire hand and scalp was stolen from the Pangbochi monastery, in a military precision style operation. Rumors regarding the items reportedly disappearing into a private collection via the illegal underground in the sale of antiquities would circulate, yet they have never been seen again. George Agagino, before his death on September 11, 2000, transferred his secret research upon the Pangbochi Yeti hand to Lauren Coleman. In 2010, Weta workshops, who did the models for The Lord of the Rings movies, kindly produced a replica skull and hand based on photos of the missing hand and skull. Mike Alsop handed over the replica skull and hand to monks at Pangbochi in May 2011. They seemed to be very pleased to have their artifacts back. Let's just hope no one tells them. From all over the planet, ancient legends of a bipedal ape-like creature, far larger, yet apparently incredibly intelligent, have persisted into the modern day. Legends which arose worldwide. Creatures now witnessed by literally millions of souls, yet regardless of the literally global distribution of reports of these said animals, they have remained elusive to modern science. In all but a few, very interesting and curious cases, one of which being a most curious of discoveries made in 1951 on none other than the slopes of Mount Everest. Some argue that such a large creature, no matter the remoteness of its claimed habitat, if in existence would have been captured and or exposed to the wider public by now. This regardless of their possible intelligence, ability to see an infrared allowing them to dodge trailcams and also that there are discoveries of new animals, including large mammals made almost weekly on our planet. It would seem, although modern technology has brought us together, giving the apparent impression that our planet be smaller than it is, in reality there are still vast stretches of terrain yet to be fully explored, and rarely, if ever, visited by man. Mysterious events have also occurred during the modern age, like that of the Dyetlov Pass incident or the Pangbosh Yeti, which still reside within a monastery in Nepal, which all evade explanation without the existence of this creature. As mentioned, in 1951, an incredible find was stumbled upon by none other than Eric Shipton, an incredibly trustworthy source and man of great integrity. Well, on the Menlung Glacier on the west side of Mount Everest, while looking for an alternative route to the summit, Shipton came across a seemingly unending set of tracks recently left by a barefooted bipedal creature of massive proportions, so stunned was Shipton by this find. He carefully examined and photographed the best print, laying his ice axe beside it in an attempt to demonstrate its enormous size. According to National Geographic, quote, Shipton and Michael Ward were searching for an alternative Everest route when they came across the prints. Shipton was one of the most highly respected Everest explorers, so if he is bringing back a print, it is a real print. Nobody could ever question that. End quote. Thus, the question is, what could have made them? Could these be authentic, actual prints of a snow Yeti or abominable snowman? A slightly different species of Sasquatch? One adapted to colder, more mountainous environments?  Daniel Taylor, for example, author of Yeti, The Ecology of a Mystery, has been searching for signs of this particular abominable snowman within the high Himalayas since he was a child. With the worldbook encyclopedia even approaching Sir Edmund Hillary to pursue the find's origins, he was quoted as saying, we shouldn't just go Yeti searching, but should also study how people could live at such high altitudes. The publication was so convinced of their authenticity, as was Hillary himself, that they built a house at 19,000 feet and experimented on how humans acclimatized. With such efforts going into the find, one must wonder why the possibility of its existence, if you also take into account the Pangbosh remains, and also the Dyatlov Pass incident, why the possibility of their reality is so passionately dismissed as impossible by so many. The Shipton prints are a mystery which is undoubtedly incredibly compelling.