Yeah, Sean Don't talk because it's been hard post Make sure your weights and not everywhere All right, so I'm out at men's in here this morning. I don't particularly like this park I'm gonna tell you guys why so If you guys can see you can clearly see there's a problem here. I mean Why is this fence so close? To this manual pad slash ledge like you don't think they could have shifted the fence out a tiny bit Just so there was more space so it doesn't bottleneck right here. It doesn't make any sense whatsoever People come bounding down here and then You can't see anything past this fence So you could be like screaming past a manual pad and someone could be coming in the opposite direction boom collision like and then in the afternoon the Sun hits the Defense and then it casts this weird shadow on the ground.  I just stay in the pool. Yeah Yeah, don't plan what to do. Just let let the transition decide your line Wherever you end up you end up You I feel like you have enough Tricks that you can do something in different spots your main goal is you want to do a front lip on something Front of front lip that one there Front of front lip that all of this elbow hip, whatever That one's a bit mellower Less of an angle. Yeah, I think so which means it'd probably be harder to go with hot higher I think this is the easiest hip to get air on yeah Because you can go like this angle far, you know It's like when you do it on a straight wall you have to Ali away from transition this you can Ali over the top corner And still not hit the coping.  Oh, okay back tail. How do you do it back to use? Yep, you just did it for a moment there are your back trucks up on the coping you come close to it sometimes Yes, sometimes accidentally just like I Ali into mine, but most people they just kind of whip into it really hard And that works more consistent about a front tail Once again, I Ali into it, but you can just whip into it But your trucks are kind of like kind of teetering. It's right there. Your wheels are just right there Sometimes you'll accidentally scratch a little grind. Is it like a ledge though to get? No, someone told me It's a different thing. It is it is it's different. Would you lean on it the same once you're in it? Kind of no, that's not sure either you lean and transition the whole time You look fine. There you go No, goodbye less aggressive angle for the 50.  I'm trying to like get there then get on my weight goes all the way on the Deck. Yeah, you got all that weight to throw around.  Yeah? Your worst fear is nowhere near as bad as my worst fear Is there poop in your pants? No Yeah, Sean No, Sean Trying to get one like yeah, maybe your 50 50s are all of a sudden there. Yeah, we're trying to get up there I would love to get I don't I want to get there. Just get that birth just right Yeah, I need a nice medium sized breath here. Yeah I think it's possible. Yeah, I think it's possible They looks like your 50 50s are just working now. Yeah, because he told me the secret Why the birth why the birth at the bottom curve it carve it. I mean carve up to it Oh, yeah, 50 for these all day. I hope this ice cream music isn't demonetized No, you're not do tricks. Yeah more tricks. Yeah Oh the ollie upper stop shooting Yeah, you got it at a boy.  You should learn some convenient turnaround tricks like blunt to axel stall and stuff like that Yeah, sure Yeah, see once you're in the blunt you just give it a little baby Like it's so easy to get from here To there like that's all it is is the most subtle movement. Where's your weight when you want it? Say it's too back away from them. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, you don't want to get too on top of the deck I mean you can if you want to solve that forever, but you don't want to solve that forever. I'll start yelling at you It was 50 50 dude. Oh wait.  Let's drop in dude Yeah, that's it. Look at that aggressive kick turn into that.     Yeah Just gotta throw yourself up there like you were earlier. Just do one. You got it right here I'm saying the hip tosses you that way so you can go more this way instead of trying to ollie that way Big ollie guy, dude. Well the pulp from down under Can't group up Sex back tail. What? What back tail? How do you do back tail? What do you mean just turn into like a front tail? How do you do a front tail? I don't know how to front tail transition. Okay. Let's do back tail then Which is harder to see Uh I would say that back tail is easier and more scary and front tail is harder and less scary Is it kind of like a backflip when you just yeah, you just kind of whip into it Don't be afraid to over rotate. Sometimes that's the easier way to slide more rainbow More rainbow I'm not so aggressive. Yeah, what I mean by rainbow is carve more this way when I tell him that Yeah, what a birth. What a bath Why birth you almost back tail slightly below the coping that's better. Yeah, but that that's a fine fall. It doesn't hurt Just good times for everybody. I'm just trying to break it down and just make that squeak. So I need to worry about it's a power slide Yeah, that's it. That was it. Same like a trick.  It doesn't like seem like a It's not it's just like every other trick. It's delicate, baby Yeah ballet into that back tail It looks aggressive, but it's not So all all these years I've been watching people skate In videos and I see them back to our quarter price Yeah, every every single skater I have to hear is a delicate Fairy that is that is floating around the park with their Six packs of paps blue ribbon, but really it's fairy dust in there See you dad All right I'll be hot if I get this you could just do it right now. Let's get it right here Here everyone Got there and be somebody now. It's closer. You're still going a little Little more rainbow Rainbows and front rainbows and fairy dust is like we're watching Ferngully Boys in slime Is that disney? Yeah Literally should have just dropped in You could have done that one Just drop in the weights figured out you're sliding, baby. What is immediately you get in you get out No, you just slide and then drop in Yep, nope planning about being hot here. It's a different type of heat Because I've been here long enough our heat is free and then when When it gets cold here, I'm like, oh, it's getting chilly and it's not even that cold I'm just so climatized. You said climatized like traumatized.  Yeah, I'm ready.  He's gonna be it. Is it don't talk because it'd be the hard post I'll fit into this man He said so don't talk to me the hard post You're going too on top. You got to be more in transition. Do the back tail lower Stop back. What do you mean the deck back tail the coping? Oh, okay That's better Why did you not land that one? I stood up.  That was perfect You if you'd have dropped in you would have been fine No, you would have gone. Wee.  Do another one Is that it do another one? Right here. Yeah, you got it now Not like that Yeah, watch over the coffee don't back tail my coffee. Yeah, you just you just kind of zipping into it Yeah, no nothing like that because when you're back telling your ledge You can kind of just let go and then your body just comes out.  Then why is it called a back tail because it is a back tail I reckon front tail would be easier. Okay. Do front tail. How to do it same thing It's just the other way You got it Let me just sit back tail back tail is way scarier out of way Just whip that tail and just power slide same thing Yeah, kind of like that a little more That's like a 5-0 to tail You got to do a little baby ollie. That'll probably help you. I ollie mine.  Okay, whereas to slash the coping when you're first learning You want it to be more of like a not a straight line, but more of a triangle than a u. Okay, so you're going like this Yeah, that's where danger is Like you just keep kick running until you're so close to the coping that she accidentally hit it That's all you got to do So I would start frontside slash this thing It seems like it'd be hotter. Nope slash not grind slash. It's a little It's like an extra corner in these bowls. I don't care what corner you get to slash somewhere over here That was it.  It's just a matter of making yourself do that first and it will try Yeah, it's going to be so satisfying though because like when you scratch metal coping Like if you just scratch it like that, it's almost like the most Antichematic feeling ever you feel a little bump and you hear a little And you're like, uh, but when you do it on pool coping, it's the exact same thing except you're like, yeah It's just it's just the aesthetic and sound of it. I've hit pool coping before But it was like not in a deep end of a pool. Yeah, I was in like the shallow end Okay, get in there and scratch the mudder thing dude Just go just like yeah, you went more of like a straight line for this do the same thing over there. Don't carve so wide Coming up Slashing and then over rotating. Yeah, that's a thousand percent not happening That's like the biggest if that happens, I'll give you a hundred bucks. How do I get up there?  Just go more straight at it Yeah I don't know do it again Like how easy was that every trick you've ever learned that I suggested you want to get like first try like it wasn't that good You could be the greatest gate in the world if you just try every trick What helps me with like transition that's like like that thinking that I'm close to the ground, but on a wall. Does that make sense? Nope Like oh like I think that I'm like safe because I'm closer to the Wall like oh like the transition is flat ground too You're saying the transition is just flat ground that continues up with you Because when you skate up your weight just goes up your weightless for a second It just feels like you're yeah Usually when you fall in transition if your body weight is correct you fall Into the transition not away from the transition Ironically fear usually dictates people body weight away from the transition. Which is the worst place to go Yeah, that's my problem. Well you just did it super easy do it again 27 to be true Yeah all day Yeah, he thinks the nude bowl is less scary because it's steeper and he can't get as close to the coping Or is this one like you dropping your guaranteed to be at the coping nude bowl It's so steep that you can't even get high enough to get that hurt if you're not super comfortable in transition Plus the ground so they're off the new bowl you fold to flat which I feel like is more comforting for me The painted ball like paint on that ball just makes it sketchy as fuck. Yeah. Yeah Yeah, that place seems like an I still haven't skated it, but it looks like a nightmare. I'm down


For her commitment and dedication to ensuring VPD staff have the latest in phone technology and for offering expert and exceptional customer service, Ms. Maria Elise Dami is the Vancouver Police Department 2019 Civilian of the Year.


Hey everyone, it is Gabrielle and I'm over here today at Oxmoor Toyota Wanting to take a minute and talk a little bit about some details on a 2021. This is the Toyota Highlander This is the hybrid and the trim on this one is the limited So it's in the beautiful midnight black metallic exterior color So on the front of this vehicle you do have LED headlights and you're going to have the LED tail lights as well You can see that the fog lights are on For the tires on this you do have 20 inch alloy wheels Now you're gonna have all wheel drive. You see that hybrid symbol there I'm going to take a look in the interior The vehicle has the beautiful graphite interior that leather So now in the in the middle in that console, you're going to see an impressive 12.3 inch touchscreen Absolutely Amazing. You're going to have navigation. You'll have hands-free Bluetooth This vehicle does have the bird's eye camera. It has a perimeter scan You'll get a 360 degree and you can see it right there. We can get that on camera. There we go. I You're also going to have 11 JBL speakers throughout the vehicle. There's a subwoofer and amplifier You're also going to have Android Auto and Apple CarPlay Now in this vehicle there is seating up to seven So you've got you know the two in the front You've got two captain's chairs and you are going to have a third row that folds down for a 60-40 split And you're also going to have all-weather floor liners throughout the vehicle throughout the vehicle And then if we want to take a look on the back you have the hands-free liftgate And that'll go up. So you have your trunk space Third row does go down. All you have to do is lift this up and then push and That goes down do it on that side as well. There we go.  All you do is pull this up and then it reclines So to shut this we're just going to push this button have that go down So you guys if you have any questions on any of the Highlanders this one specifically Please feel free to let us know all of our contact information is right here. Thanks everyone And I will see you all soon. Bye


A new animal shelter is nearing completion in the hack-and-sack area, and this one is a little different than most. Haiti Clotter tells us more. With the flip of a switch, solar panels were activated at the Paws and Claws Rescue and Resort in Hack-and-Sack. The new facility will separate itself from others by being energy efficient starting with the 40 kilowatt solar system. We have LED lighting throughout both of the buildings. We have a very sophisticated HVAC system that will mean very healthy air for our people who enter our doors and also for all of the animals. A solar activation ceremony was held and guests went on a tour of the nearly completed building. We will try to have about 20 animals in our facility at one time, and based on research we believe that we could adopt as many as 500 animals. Another 13,000 square foot state of the art facility will have plenty of room to care for homeless and temporary animals. And they'll understand even more how significant this is to have a facility that can operate in a sustainable way that will allow us to thrive in a rural area in Minnesota. Saving energy equals saving money, so more time can be spent providing services for the animals. Animals do complete our family, and you know there's a number of animals that are homeless. They need to find their forever homes, and we hope to provide that opportunity. In Hackensack, Haiti-Quarter, Lakeland News. The official grand opening is set for July 7th and 8th. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


Hello and welcome to the ground line review, your source for everything one piece except for today because this is just a video asking for some questions. Given that we've recently reached 100,000 subscribers, it's probably about time we did another Q&A at some point. So if you would like to ask me something, then please do drop it in the comments below. Just a couple of things before you do though. Before you ask a question, I recommend that you check out my first two Q&A videos, links to which will be in the description because I won't be answering anything that I've already been asked before. And secondly, please, please only ask one question because some of you have a habit of asking like five to seven questions in a single comment. And when that happens, I can't answer them all. So I end up not answering any. So pick one question, make it a good one and shoot it through my way in the comments below. I look forward to answering your inquiries. I'll be making a Q&A special, but some of them also might get featured at the end of regular videos. I'm not sure I haven't quite decided yet, but make sure to keep an eye out there as well. This has been the ground line review and I look forward to answering your questions.


So now it's my pleasure and honor to present the Linus Pauling Institute Prize for Health Research Now this prize is awarded in recognition of innovation and excellence in research relating to the roles of vitamins essential minerals and phytochemicals in promoting optimum health and preventing or treating disease and the roles of oxidative and nitrate stress and Antioxidants in human health and disease. So that's the name of the award. That's all of what's in there Now that's not the only thing and this year thing. This becomes a little bit more prominent because the prize also recognizes successful efforts to disseminate and implement knowledge on diet lifestyle and health to enhance public health and reduce suffering from disease So this is the outreach component that comes with doing research now just As a little bit of background the LPI prize for health research is awarded every other year and at this conference So the diet and optimum health conference So in the 20-year existence of the Linus Pauling Institute, the prize has been given eight times So it's not done very often Three of the past recipients are present today and they are Dr. Bruce Ames Dr. Mark Levine and Dr. Helmut Siege would you please stand up and be recognized now you're recognized from these names That these and the other recipients have made outstanding contributions to the field Named by the prize. So this is really this is a very high standard for receiving this award Now, how do we get to? Identify the award. So there's a procedure for this now because this is an LPI what so what we normally do We convene a committee And the committee collects nominations and then the faculty deliberates about the nominations So based on these deliberations the committee decided to give the 2017 Linus Pauling Institute prize for health research By acclimation of the faculty of the Linus Pauling Institute to Dr. Paltz Frey Not yet. So Paltz There is a Lodatio Yeah, so it takes me a while to read all that because there's so much to say That I will read it first and then you come up and then you'll get the prize, okay So this will take me a while. So the committee has comments, of course and here are some Comments on the committee. So Dr. Frey built two outreach programs at the Linus Pauling Institute that are locally regionally, nationally and internationally recognized These programs disseminate and implement knowledge on vitamins minerals and phytochemicals in relation to diet and health and lifestyle So this is the exact wording that you find in the name of the award so the first outreach program is the healthy youth program and Simone, yeah, you are there is the first is the founding manager of that Core or the the program the health youth program and Candace, where are you? See is currently at the manager of the of the health youth program Now to give you an idea of the scope and size of the various outreach programs And when I came on board and say what you do all that how is there enough hours in the day to do all that? And there's actually very small staff to take care of all these programs So the hip program is running What all the stuff that we already have partnerships with community organizations including Samaritan health services Lin Benton Lincoln partnership for health strengthening rural communities Rural families Lin Benton health equity Alliance will allow my neighborhood housing services Oh issue Benton County Extension service Benton soil and water Convers conservation district Corvallis environmental center the boys and girls Club of Corvallis and The College of osteopathic medicine of the Pacific Northwest See all of this. There's so much. What's going on. This is just enormous So through these community partnerships the hip programs have been able to reach upwards of 1200 Children and families just in this past year So you can see over all these years how many how many kids they have helped About nutrition and healthy lifestyle. This is just enormous So furthermore the hip internship and volunteer programs provided more than 50 positions for OSU students So this is also King of that and if I have five undergrad students my lab poor they keep me busy They have 50 students To gain leadership experience to build professional skills You know, this is OSU is very much into leadership skills and and you provide all the the hip provides all them the skills to do this for these young children So that's the healthy youth program and the second outreach program is the micronutrient information seller And we call it the mick. So that's the if I say mick. I mean, that's the micro information information center So the mick disseminates unbiased evidence-based knowledge on vitamins minerals and phytochemicals now The information that's important is freely available and that's important because you know But what is today is freely available? Not much anymore On the mick website. So dr. Fry Assisted first by dr. Jane Hickdon and more recently by dr. Victoria Drake Victoria. Where are you? Please be recognized. Yeah, that's Vicki does all that Secured funding for the mick through corporate sponsorships charitable giving and grants So this is again sponsorships are very important to keep that program alive So that people the public has free access to a lot of valuable and unbiased information Now just last year and of course I didn't I Didn't do this because it already started many years before so after several years of planning The mick team launched the new health and disease section on the website that organizes nutrition information by health and disease topics So in the normal you make you start with the minerals and the vitamins and the phytochemicals and what? What are the health benefits and now they have a second site where actually you go the other way you go from disease and health and what? Nutrients are beneficial in those conditions Now what the that website is doing is summarizes take-home messages in a bullet point format and And incorporates nutrient flashcards and infographics to reinforce important concepts So in the past year and this is another thing that I didn't know about when I came the mick generated over 1.7 million sessions and 1.3 million visitors worldwide and that's just one year Now moreover the mick is available in Spanish We have a collaboration with people in Chile and also I sign actually the MOU this year for The MOE that we do this way in Japan with the folks in the negata So soon it will also be the mick will be available in the in Japanese. So this is just enormous Now this is only about Outreach so now I'm talking about research and I can probably give a talk for a whole hour. So I have no time for that So now I would like to quote dr. Fry's remarks on the state of nutrition and this is not bad as you When he started his career in molecular nutrition and do you remember what you said So dr. Fry said something went in so that's nutrition Yeah Something possibly resulted from it. Yeah, so that's the health benefit Yeah, but what happened in between was largely a black box and what was lacking was Mechanisms and that is what dr. Fry focused on in the LPI And I think we're the Institute that really focuses on mechanism of action of vitamins and nutrients So that is the how we started out and our ball started out Now at the end of the career because you decided to do something else in life So I could so during his scientific career dr. Fry published 355 papers That's enormous. What is more? Impressive is that they were cited 19,000 times This is enormous some people don't live long enough to get so many citations and now what some people most people don't live long enough So his papers have made an enormous impact in the field of molecular nutrition as indicated by the Hirsch index And that is 71 That's very high if you have ever submitted an application or you need to do a job interview and 71 is just That's just enormous. So I can testify that a Hirsch index of 71 is exceptionally high Now, let me give a few examples of what the research was about So dr. Fry has made several important discoveries on the role of vitamin C in cardiovascular disease initiation in progression So in 1995 so there's many years ago He published a paper in the journal biological chemistry reporting that vitamin C protects low-density lipoprotein against athrogenic modification Yeah in 1999 dr. Fry published a paper together with dr. Anita car. Would you please wave and be recognized? Yeah You were together at the time and it was in the audience today with a provocative title Does vitamin C act as a pro-oxidant under physiological conditions? So this just this morning I heard people asked that very same question. So this is nothing new dr. Fry thought about these things Many many years ago Now that's not only that way. This is only vitamin C So dr. Fry pioneered and the use of f2 isoprostanes as markers Of in vivo oxidative stress So in 1995 again many years ago He authored a paper on using plasma f2 isoprostane levels to demonstrate that smoking is a cause of oxidative stress You know, you think it is you take it for granted, right? If you smoke you got after this about how do you measure that? No, Bolts fry developed methods that we can actually measure from a plasma sample. What is oxidative? How do you quantify that? Now this seminal paper was cited over a thousand times. Yeah, you didn't know that, but it's that many So dr. Fry and his lab team at the Linus Pauling Institute have made important inroads into the mechanistic actions of phytochemicals and polyphenols in particular So he has helped LPI principal investigators determine mechanism of action of Phytochemicals to mitigate chronic low-grade inflammation that lies at the root of many age-related diseases So under the leadership of dr. Fry LPI researchers have broken new in ground in mechanistic research on catechins and tea Cursatin in onions So farofane and broccoli and xanthoyumolin hops, you know, we're all together in this and I remember every week We had these faculty meetings discussing this and every time you went to these meetings There was always some idea that came out as a yeah now. I finally got an answer to my problem And that was very good at that is just very good Now the findings of that body of research have generated new knowledge in preventing pathological conditions such as cancer metabolic syndrome neurodegenerative disease and cardiovascular disease So LPI researchers could not have made those discoveries without the research in intellectual infrastructure that dr. Fry Built and I'm now using dr. Hagen's words from the first day From scratch because there was nothing there. That's enormous So I would like to close with another quote from dr. Fry so he said While ago doing basic research is one thing it's important, but it's not the end of the story It is equally important to come out of the ivory tower and Really help people make the right decisions regarding the use of diet and diet with supplements for their health That's very true and that really exemplifies what the award is all about So in this concluding sentence, I would like to ask dr. Paltz fry to come to the podium and receive the award Congratulations. Thank you so much Well There's more Do you know there used to be money involved in this? Well, I'm not going to give you a check. I know that But I can tell you that a donor has come forward and the donor has made a sizable donation Into your Bolts fry and doubt fellowship fund and that benefits students for for many years to come I need to tell the audience that I can't say anything about the amount nor the identity of the donor because that donor wants to be Anonymous so let's Bolts. Thank Bolts one more time


Hey everyone, this weekend wraps up the very first week of our summer internship here at Hungry Generation. We have had 33 interns join us this summer for 2017. This is double the amount of people that we had last year and we know that God is going to continue to do more. Our interns this week, they've learned a lot from purity to doctrine, from salvation to repentance, fasting and the Word of God. They have been so filled with the knowledge of God, but we know that the Spirit of God has also been working in their lives as well. You're going to hear some testimonies of our interns as they receive the baptism of the Holy Spirit and much much more. We had a prayer on Wednesday for receiving the Holy Spirit and I got baptized in the Holy Spirit. This week we prayed for the baptism of the Holy Spirit and I received it. And I just want to say that God did many many great things in my life. We've been praying with the pastors together and I started to receive my deliverance. We know that God is going to continue to do it. We have had awesome speakers to come and minister to the interns from Pastor Vlad to Pastor Martin, guest speakers like Bryson, Brian and Sam, and to sum it all up, evangelist Andre Shepulval, who ministered to our interns this Friday. We know that God Almighty poured out His Spirit in an amazing way and our interns have received. So we know that God will continue to do more in Jesus' name. So we hope that you guys enjoyed this video and we know that God Almighty is going to bless you in the mighty name of Jesus Christ.


Welcome to the annual DEFCON convention. This meeting was held in exciting Las Vegas, Nevada from July 9th through the 11th, 1999. This is videotape number 39, Zero Knowledge Networks Update. Drag yourselves either out of bed or just to hear straight from the parties at 10 a.m. Not the least so that I managed to do that. Okay, so my name is Ian Goldberg. I'm Chief Scientist and Head Cypherpunk for Zero Knowledge Systems, a company based out of Montreal. This is Austin Hill, the President of Zero Knowledge Systems. So first I want to ask how many people were either here last year and heard the talk about freedom last year or else just know about freedom from reading the website and stuff. Yeah, maybe a third. Okay, so a lot of you have no idea what I'm talking about. Okay, so... Zero Knowledge. Okay, so a tiny summary, Zero Knowledge Systems is putting out a product called Freedom whose goal it is is to be an identity system for the Internet. That is, it allows, yay, it allows pseudonymous use of the Internet. So, like a lot of other services which do this on a lesser degree, like remailers and the anonymizer and stuff, those are technologies in a similar space, but we jacked in the steroids and are really putting out a kick-ass system here. So, the way we're going to start this is Austin is going to start by talking about the company a little bit and then I'm going to do tech. Most of you are interested in or will have technical questions, so we'll basically just talk about it a bit and then open the floor up to questions and we'll just spew answers off the top of our heads. So, I'll turn the mic over now to Austin. Good morning or good evening, depending on how your night was. So, Zero Knowledge Systems had a really good year, despite the fact we didn't ship yet. We ended up having a lot harder problem doing this than we thought and Ian will help elaborate, but there's a lot of interest. We've had 45,000 people sign up as beta users for this right across the board.  We, when Australia passed the censorship law, we had a whole bunch of people who realized that this could make that type of law completely redundant by deploying fully anonymous infrastructures that allow you to choose your geographic location online where you can say, today, I'd like my IP address to be in California. Today, I'd like my IP address to be in the Caribbean. People are starting to get the implications of what that means. This means an internet where you have complete choice over where you exist, who can see what you're doing and where you're going. So something like the US Gambling Act that says ISPs have to block offshore gambling sites becomes redundant. You cannot enforce it with a system like Freedom Deployed because you can choose to say, today, I'm in the Caribbean and that's my IP address and the US government cannot tell that that's where you're going. So it brings some really interesting implications. The whole concept of identity has gotten a lot of press this year. We've seen companies like Raytheon, suing users who post on Yahoo to find out the identity. Church of Scientology recently did it with an AT&T. I don't think there's a lot of Scientologists in the crowd. But, you know, when you start looking at this issue, that the common response on the internet has been, sue someone.  Let's sue him. You know, libel. We don't even have to prove it. We just get to find out who it is. We see a lot of demand and a lot of increased attention for what we're doing. So we were off hard at work. We had a core team of seven programmers trying to do something that was very, very hard.  They did around 350,000 lines of code, totally new protocol, all the administrative support systems, client, everything. And they did around 10 months with seven guys. So there's a lot of work there.  So we are now shipping the next beta of freedom. We're up to 50 employees now. Everything from admin, support, development. We're adding another 60 in the next couple of weeks. For those of you guys who are aware of what happens in Silicon Valley, we just got sucked into the vulture capital business. So there's a lot of people who believe this is not just a tool for hackers or cypher punks, that this is going to be deployed around the world. We have 60 servers deployed. Ian will talk about the servers. We have servers in six, sorry, I think eight different countries, but one on each continent. So you can right now, running the software, you can choose to be in the Netherlands. You can choose to be in a number of locations, and that's increasing pace. And we're going to deploy this, and it is going to be one of the most controversial launches of a product ever. Actually, funny story, we had a group come up from Fort Mead. I think some people recognize that address. The comment was, we are independent contractors for an unnamed agency. And I was like, huh, I'm not sure who that would be. And they were very, very well-versed in our technology. They knew more about it than I did. So they come in and explain to us why this is important for certain government agencies to be anonymous online, so that they can do investigations, so that they can do intelligence gathering, so they have state employees who are in Israel who can't be spied on by an intelligence service in Israel because they're using regular internet accounts. So it was really interesting because these guys say, we want to deploy a bunch of servers and buy 100,000 copies for the government. So, I mean, it starts to show that this is something that's going to go across all the lines, and it's going to get a lot of attention and support. So Ian's going to be talking about some of the technical stuff. We're going to be giving out serial numbers, so everyone here can download the beta next week when we put it up online and activate it and start playing with it. And aside from that, I'll turn you over to Ian. Okay, so a system like this, obviously, although we haven't actually described the system yet, has a lot of tech in it, has a lot of politics in it. I'm going to mainly focus on the tech here. People want to ask political right questions, find me around somewhere, and we'll have it over a drink or something. Okay, so the tech of the freedom network. So how does this thing work? The basic idea is that we have a number of servers, as Austin mentioned, deployed worldwide. And each of these servers we call a freedom node. These servers are not run by zero-knowledge systems. They're run by random ISPs, privacy groups, and things like this. Basically, anyone who has a good monochrome bandwidth can sign up to run a server. The more servers we have, the subtler the network. So we encourage lots of people to run them. The idea is that you have some client software, sits on your computer. Right now it's available for Win95, 98. Yeah, yeah, I know. Other things are coming. Linux is like... We'll have clients eventually for lots of platforms. The beta is for 95, 98. The software sits on your machine and basically takes any packet that's about to leave your machine, multiply encrypts it in three or four layers of encryption, and then sends the packet to one of the freedom nodes. That freedom node then decrypts one layer of encryption and sends the packet to another freedom node. Decrypts the layer of encryption and so on. So many of you will be familiar with this type of operations, basically the same as what a remailer does with email. Only this is in real time. Now, that obviously brings up a few complications one of the things remailers do to avoid temporal correlations and things like this is it sits on email for an hour or two and mixes it up with other email. It adds delays to try to reduce the correlation between the time the email entered the system and the time the email exited the system. So that's obviously a problem if you have to send these packets around in real time. So we have to solve the correlation problems in another way. What we do is we use packet and link padding. So packet padding helps defend against size attacks. If someone watched a packet come from the client to one of the freedom nodes, they're just TCP dumping the network between the client and the rest of the world, say. They saw packets of varying sizes come out of the client and correlated packets coming out of the network somewhere of similar sizes, they could establish a link, a correlation between the client and what the client was doing. And that's exactly what we want to avoid. So what we do is we have things like packet padding and link padding that make packets one of a number of fixed sizes. We have link padding which makes packets go to constant rate or at least a data independent rate. You can think of it as constant even though it's not for reasons that have to do with performance. So an adversary TCP dumping any link in the system, whether it be between the client and some server or between two of the freedom nodes, all he'd see is to first approximation a constant stream of constant size packets. And that destroys any correlation between meta information encoded at the lower levels of the protocol way down at level one and the actual data flow going up at level seven. This is primary defense against passive attackers. Defenses against active attackers are more complicated. In fact, they're basically ongoing research. Freedom is basically my PhD thesis at UC Berkeley. And so there's got to be some research in here, right? So yeah, defense against active attacks is an ongoing research problem, but these kick-ass coders we've got here, as fast as I can invent something, they're like, ooh, code, code, code. So it's great having the little staff working for you. Okay, so one of the fundamental concepts we haven't yet described is the concept of a NIM. Who here is not familiar with the concept of a pseudonym? Okay, good. All right, so what happens is every client is given the ability to create a handful of pseudonyms. And the fact that it's more than one is actually key. It's very useful to be able to divide your online experience, as it were, into different identities. So you use one identity for searching for a job and one identity for searching for a date. And these two things shouldn't necessarily be correlatable. And identities, the fact that it's pseudonymous and not anonymous is also key. It allows people to gain what we call reputation capital.  And we want to avoid that. So all of our pseudonyms are strongly digitally signed, and the software can check these signatures and all this. So you can verify that someone posting as Dark Knight is actually Dark Knight. Or at least, what does that mean? What it means is it's the same person who posted as Dark Knight last week. And that's all that's important. You have no clue who this person is, what their real name is, what the hell's a real name. But you know it's a consistent persona. And that's the most important part of reputation capital and not pseudonyms. I think at this point, the easiest thing to do is just open the floor up to questions for the last little while, and we'll just try to moderate here. So we'll just start. Go ahead. I think I understood my regular life paper. I understand how, that's correct, yeah. Ah, okay. So there are a couple issues in how do things get, how does information get back from the server to the original client machine? So there are really two issues here. One is real-time traffic. So how does the webpage that you requested get back to you? And one is email. The difference is with real-time traffic you have an existing connection to the server. And what happens is when you set up these pseudonymous or anonymous routes through the freedom network, they're set up bidirectionally. So the client connects to the server A, which connects to server B, which connects to server C, which connects to the eventual website. And server A knows who the client and server B is. Server B knows who server A and server C is, and server C knows who server B and the website is. And because of that, there's no information in both directions. So that's the easy one. The harder one is email. So there are a couple of ways to do this. The simplest way to understand, which is not the way we're doing it right now, but is a way we'll be migrating to, just think of it as there's a big mail storage facility in the sky. And it's just the MX for freedom.net. Someone sends mail to darkknightatfreedom.net and it goes to this magic thing in the sky and it's dropped in basically Darkknight's pop box. And then the client just pops it down from there using the freedom network and gets the mail. So that's the easiest way to understand it. It's in fact not how we're doing it now for various reasons, but we'll be migrating to a system like that, though even a bit more secure than that one. Yeah, I have a question there. You mentioned talking about the SOA connection in the divided direction. Is the connection from server A to server A aware of the client? Yes, yes it is. It has to do that for wing shaping and bandwidth reasons generally. It's also, is there any other really good reason? What's that? Okay, so there are technical issues in there that for some reasons the first hop, as we call it, the first server does know and needs to know that the person that's talking to is a client. The protocols turn out are slightly different. Each server in the chain then only has knowledge of the next server, the previous server, is that correct? That's correct. So that in theory it shouldn't be subject to any type of attack or compromise by someone learning to completely, maliciously act the previous server. So that's certainly the plan. It turns out it's a little more complicated than that. Statistics are a really powerful thing, but that is certainly the intent. So if it were the case that every server in the middle knew everything, then that wouldn't be true. Then hacking any one of the servers would tell you all the information. But as it is, you need to hack many, if not all of the servers in the chain to work out what's going on. In the back corner? Yeah, I heard a few weeks ago that one of the major antivirus software companies was going to instruct their product to recognize your product as a virus. Okay. Okay, that was a different thing entirely. Here, okay, awesome. Okay. We had a little tuffle with the company some of you guys might be familiar with called Intel. So Intel came up with a scheme that we're going to attach a serial number to every processor and that's going to be a great form to ID yourself. You know, what a great authentication scheme will attach serial numbers to PCs. Not incredibly well thought out, okay? Any hardware serial number needs to pack through software. Okay, obvious flaw. You know, the whole idea that my computer is my identity. Anyone stealing my computer can resemble me online. Bad idea. Various bad ideas throughout it. And originally they came out and said, it's authentication, it's good for asset tracking, it's good for e-commerce and every claim in the world. And then slowly as people like... Is Mr. Schneier in the room? Okay, so people like Bruce come out and say, hey, we have 17 years of knowledge of cryptography and secure systems. The social security number is a bad idea for this exact same reason and everyone knows this. Why are you going down this road? Intel kind of backed off and said, no, it's secure and if you want to be private you can use the software to make it private. A combination of a patch you can run which will disable the serial number as well as a BIOS fix. So you can disable it in the BIOS and they said, the software patch isn't the best but everyone's going to have it in the BIOS so don't worry. And they said, that's secure enough. We really didn't like this. Our entire company philosophy is about having you have the choice to identify yourself. The hardware you buy should not identify yourself tracking your activities and associating them. So we took one of our bright guys and said, take the weekend, here's a P3, see what you can do with it. And so he comes back on Monday and says, here, here's an ActiveX that automatically blue screens the computer which is not entirely uncommon for people running Windows 95, 98. And then when it reboots, it essentially installs a Trojan and bypasses and activates the PSN. So we put this on a web page and said, hey, we don't think this is secure. Intel's response is, that's a virus. Didn't really address the fact that, hey, our system isn't secure. The only response was, that's a virus. So they got all the virus manufacturers to list our web page as a virus. So people coming to our web page to read breaking news were warned, zoonologists trying to download a virus to your computer. They didn't say Trojan, they didn't say anything, they said virus. So it was digitally signed. It did exactly what it said it did. I didn't understand how this could be hostile code. So we got in a little bit of pissing contest. New York Times picked it up. And it's funny, it led a lot of users to say, hey, this is more important than we know. And at the same time, we said, you know what, we don't believe these claims about the BIOS. So we looked into it. The BIOS, every manufacturer is now shipping PSN off in the BIOS. Turns out that's not secure either. And we actually didn't release that code. But for those bright people in the crowd, I think we calculate checksum, flip it in CMOS. BIOS not secure. It's not that hard. So we've actually been working with Intel advising them on how to harden their BIOS security.  So that's kind of the background on that. Okay, up here. Okay. Okay. So do the second question first. If one of the servers in the chain breaks down, obviously any client using that server at the time will notice, packets will stop flowing, and the system will generate a new route through the cloud. The route information as to what servers are up, what servers are down is updated pretty regularly and reflected in a database that clients can query and in order to figure out where good routes are. So basically it's a non-fatal problem at all. In fact, what we'd like eventually is for some servers to be totally ephemeral. They're up for like 20 minutes and then they're gone. That's the ideal situation. Imagine if you booted up your Windows box and you started running the software and you have a decent connection and you just wrote packets for other people. So packets go through you. In order to trace someone, you have to basically backtrack through all the servers in the net. What if one of the servers is one of these that was on for 20 minutes at the time and that was just totally gone? I mean, this is a great added feature for security. The first one is performance. It turns out the added latency of going through the network as compared to the latency of a modem is almost negligible. If you do have a fast connection like you're on a T1 or something like this, you do notice something of a performance hit. It's pretty unavoidable, unfortunately. We are doing funky things with your packet but there's knobs you can twist that say give me more security, i.e. more levels of indirection versus more speed. And it's up to you to set those knobs as fits your paranoia. Yeah, follow up that error zero. Oh, okay. There are technical questions about that. Yeah. Yeah, that was one of the major things that was plaguing beta one. It basically was a timeout problem. Yeah, it was basically a timeout waiting for a server response. Well, and it would only happen on certain ISPs with certain MSS and MQ sizes that were different. So there you go. It's a pretty technical problem and it's been resolved for beta two. Where exactly do you think the public keys and how do you measure the components for the clients connecting to the server? So there's a NIM database and in the best of all possible worlds this would be one of these cool nice distributed databases with replication and automatic failover and this. Right now it's not. For the beta it's basically... Well, it's a database but it's not distributed yet. So it will... Basically there's a server running which is the NIM server and you query a NIM and you get its public key out and the public key is signed in a PKI and the really cool thing about freedom, one of the absolute best things that always blows my mind is how much crypto there is in this product. There's so much crypto going on in all aspects of the crypto field. There's symmetric and public, there's PKI, keys, certificates, signing of email. Everything you might want to do with crypto pretty much is in this freedom product and the user sees none of it. Right, it's totally transparent to the user because users don't know from crypto. And that's the way it should be. The user should be able to get the security without having to have a degree in mathematics. I've been able to access the system by applying to a whole realm the network of press tables by the translation tables So denial of service attack is of course the hardest attack to defend against. What the best we can basically do is do rate limiting on clients so no one client can hog the whole network. Of course you can always just assemble a large team of hackers around the world and simultaneously flood the network. But that's really no different than just bringing the internet to its knees by doing a similar thing. We also do constant updates on servers so the network itself is low balance. So if a certain portion of the network is having performance problems the client is automatically streaming status update and information about which servers are up which are performing badly. So the client when it goes out and does a route create you can say of the best possible performing servers with my exit route in Israel please find me five routes and I'll randomly select one of those. So it's almost automatically self-correcting so unless the entire network of nodes which we anticipate over the next year maybe a thousand or two thousand nodes around the world unless you're able to bring down the entire network all at once you would have better routes available and it would just self-adjust. So the real question is are you using network address translation or is that technique available at certain times or sometimes close to that? Well it's not network address translation per se it's more like a more like mobile IP or IP and IP tunneling and so there are VCI tables if you're familiar with how ATM not the bank machine the network kind if you're familiar how that works it has virtual circuit identifiers that are used to create a circuit through the ATM cloud the structure of the freedom network takes a lot of cues from ATM. Right. Awesome one stancer technical question. Basically it's pretty easy because of the NIM server that we have revocation is simple if you're checking NIMs online. Well that's basically a database problem, right? That's just a database consistency problem and that's actually pretty easy to address it's easy to tell if you have out-of-date data or not. Sorry I want to add one point I think the one part of your question is what happens if you have a database problem? Well that's basically a database problem that's just a database consistency problem that's actually pretty easy to address and part of your question is what happens when I'm Dark Knight and then I kill pseudonym Dark Knight will we reuse names and recycle names? Right now no. So if Dark Knight is taken and then Dark Knight kills himself Dark Knight is dead, okay? No one else can assume the identity. In later revisions of the software we're looking at things like XML, metatags and incorporating some of the web of trust stuff that PGP has done in a very easy way so what you can automatically do is if we did decide to open up the name Dark Knight you could look and say how old is this Dark Knight? This Dark Knight has been Dark Knight for six months. It's absolutely unique but there was a previous Dark Knight that died a year ago and you could look at which reputation signatures this Dark Knight has accumulated so somewhat like if you look up a person's PGP key you can see webs of trust so this person may say this Dark Knight is friends with Dark Avenger and Spider-Man and Louis Free at Freedom.net and these are all pseudonyms and they've all signed his identity and so you can recognize this identity is different from the Dark Knight I was talking to before which is reinforcing this idea of persistence and reputation. And of course all this needs to be done in a way that the user has to know nothing about crypto so somewhat this work I've done previously in visual fingerprinting and being able to draw pictures representing public keys and hashes in a way that users that know nothing can recognize keys and tell when a public key has changed. Basically a NIM is a public key right? That's one of the at the bottom crypto layer that's what's going on the name associated with the NIM is basically a label for user's convenience if we can give it other labels that the user can use to check oh this is actually a different John Smith or maybe if you think about the problems not different from having a John Dash Smith and a John underscore Smith and a John Dot Smith right though you can have all three of those pseudonyms and they'd be different people so we anyways need some way to help the user differentiate between different similar looking NIMs. Okay that of course is the fundamental question right? So as the latter half no if you come to us with a subpoena the name of the company is zero knowledge for a reason we have no non-public information any information that zero knowledge has is basically in the NIM server that can be downloaded by anyone so there's basically zero point coming to our offices with a subpoena you can just use a web browser to get the same information as to the question of compromising servers obviously if all the servers are compromised you're toast by the same or colluding parties and if none of them are you're not so there's some value in between there where you're statistically toast one of the hard research problems is of course figuring out just what that number is it's going to be um if you look at other systems like crowds from um what are they now AT&T research I think is the part that now has crowds um so they went and proved some nice theorems that said it's a constant fraction of the total number of nodes so it's linear in the number of nodes which is an okay result right so basically answers reputation capital so when you sign up uh to run a server it's indicated in the network information database what organization is running it so I mean obviously if a hundred of them are say NSA you just don't do that but the question of course is well they're not going to say NSA they're going to say National Society of Audubon or something they won't be obvious that they're all run by the same people but conversely they're not run by anyone you trust right so ones run by VFF runs one by run by people you know toad.com or disc.org whatever um if you trust those people you uh can explicitly say I want to use that node and as long to first approximation as long as any one of the nodes in your chain is trusted you're okay it's not a hundred percent true because of active and statistical attacks but to first approximation and note that you don't have to actually trust them you just have to trust them not to collude right so so if I want to run sure if I want to run a route through both the US government running a node and the Iraqi government running a node I mean I would be more than happy with that oh that's an extremely good question okay so how do we build the clients this is so we something we haven't mentioned yet this is a service based model so you pay for NIMS basically you don't pay for the software right the software is free you can just download it off the website you pay for NIMS and what that means really is you pay zero knowledge to put their stamp of authenticity in the public key infrastructure on your on your key okay so well that would be awesome right and that's something we can think about later but what happens is this um when you get a the copy of the software and you want to buy NIMS you somehow get us money we prefer you use for this reason some anonymous way but credit cards is okay it turns out because what we do we don't give you NIMS we give you a serial number just like the ones we're going to hand out can I show some like a sample thing so this is a sample little serial number thing we'll be handing out a whole series shortly look how packed the room is it quarter to eleven in the morning um so on this thing there's this longest serial number on the back and what happens is the um credit card number basically is associated with the serial number and that serial number basically authorizes you to create say five NIMS okay and I'll get to that thing in a minute so you can imagine there's this stack of these things in a store even and you walk into a store you pay ten bucks and you get one of these things that would be great um question is now okay so now the credit card number is associated with this how do you how do you go on down the line um so as they say all problems in computer science can be solved with an extra level of indirection so what we do is now you have the serial number so serial numbers aren't exchanged for NIMS they're exchanged for tokens okay so when you cash in this serial number you'll get downloaded to the freedom client say five tokens where each token is good to create or extend the life of one NIM now in the ideal situation these tokens use digital cash technology that allows you to do things like create tokens that are unlinkable and untraceable basically anonymous electronic cash things there are a few problems with patents we're working out right now but um the fallback is basically auditing of our system to ensure people that we are not linking serial numbers and token numbers okay there's no reason for us to do it for various commerce rules reasons that have to do with accepting credit cards you have to record what thing it was you sold by a credit card so in particular the serial number um but we don't have to and in fact we explicitly do not link the serial number to any kind of identifier of the tokens and we hope to soon move to a way where it's just totally impossible for us to do that and verifiably so um and then of course the tokens are easily redeemable for NIMS there's actually some practical reasons why we want to know you as a customer but not your NIMS uh you install our software and god forbid you can't get online anymore um nothing went wrong you call up our customer service line uh you want patches sent to you you want some a new CD sent to you you're interacting with a customer service agent you know we can have on the call center please never disclose your NIMS to one of our agents we will never ask you but that is dependent on the fact that we can know you so Austin Hill is a user of freedom that's fine everyone can know that I can call up customer service I can interact but there is an absolute separation between my NIMS so if I'm trying to get support from my NIMS I just do it through the website if I'm trying to get support as a user I can call up and be Austin Hill yeah okay we'll take this one first and we'll go in sorry for retreading the analysis test but you were talking about the load balancing and I'm reminded of a certain AT&T crash years back that seems to be very vulnerable to that is there any defense against that or so the AT&T crash obviously had a very particular it had its own special problems in general though the problem as we see with the power outage in the south west a little while back you can have cascading failures if the total amount of throughput of the system is greater than the remaining throughput when one of the machines go the remaining available bandwidth when one of the machines goes down then obviously you have no choice but to have some kind of catastrophic failure because you have no choice you just have too much data flowing through the system so that's catastrophic for at least some people some people are cut off at this point so you just have to vastly over provision your bandwidth so one node failing does not cause this catastrophic side effect and hopefully you don't get some large I mean if power goes out in the US come Y2K well okay so our servers will go down but we have other problems what's that yeah of what we have no idea because they're still ramping up like crazy so that's something we're measuring in the beta period yeah I'm back use your friends alright so the answer is kind of yes and no at the sort of API level right at a protocol level the clients can obviously control explicitly what route he wants to take through the network I'm pretty sure the client does not or at least the current version even in the most advanced setting does not allow you to manually construct routes it can say go through these trusted nodes that I want to use but not particular stuff but if I mean the main question is can I if say I've owned like three servers out there and out of 2000 can I like have my friends bog down the other 1,997 servers so that everyone will load balance through us as soon as you've done that your 3 servers are going to be totally congested and no longer will be the 3 best servers oh it's in the code now do people code faster than I can invent things the client lists all available routes so when the client goes to construct a route depending on its settings it calculates what are the total number of routes so if they're and we have certain thresholds if there aren't a certain x amount of routes possible then warn the customer because everyone will be using the same route and it's essentially a security violation so we can define x and we haven't defined what x should be that's where he comes in okay how easy is it to to figure those routes that's one question the second question is about the collision issue it's not supposed to hack the last server and now you have access to okay I'll answer both those questions so all routes are dynamically created right when if fails for some reason a new one is dynamically generated I'm not sure exactly yeah yeah absolutely yeah yes in fact it does do that every half an hour now I think it does it but it's a tweakable knob the second question was what happens if you just compromise the last server so if you just compromise the last server basically that's one of the more useless servers to compromise because half the information it knows you already know the information between the last server and say the web the web server is already sent unencrypted because the web server has no special software running on it so all you'd get from that is if you totally could compromise it all you could get from it is the identity of the second of last server then of course you'd have to go compromise that and compromise that and back through the chain all while the connection is up right and of course since the connections change every half an hour you have half an hour to backtrack through this connection and this applies just as much to technical attacks like trying to own the servers one at a time as it does to political attacks trying to serve them with a subpoena so the second from last server is in Turkmenistan so yeah basically we give you a very limited amount of time to successfully perform your attack and if you fail you basically have to start all over again how can the dynamic route creation and recreation also for running around you know the server does now take place if in theory a ton of servers you know anything about anybody except the one server they're talking to the one server who's talking to them that's what we mean by that is in any one given route the servers only know which is the previous and next hops in the route as global states servers are exchanging information a lot manner of VGP it's figuring out trying to get a total picture of the network state so when one server goes down that information will propagate quickly and basically pretty soon the whole network will know server foo went away and and that information will be reflected back to the client so when the client notices oh my bandwidth stopped I should recreate a route it will have also received the information server foo went away so it shouldn't try to create a route through server foo that's right servers don't create routes clients create routes servers just are involved in propagating the information about who's up who's down and somewhat about how well they're performing yeah over there two questions first of all there are spammers who use throwaway email addresses and there are those who use electronic counter managers against those spammers how we do with that and secondly how is freedom better than online so two really good questions do the first one first spam I'm surprised no one has said the word spam yet in fact we have actually a great answer so there are two problems with spam one is keeping people from sending spam and the second is keeping spam from arriving in your mailbox the first one is actually pretty easy spammers you just have to send some huge number of emails in order for it to be worth their while right 18,000 an hour is what I hear mumbling over in the corner here mumble so the simplest solution is since all outgoing email has to be anonymized through our system anyway we just cap the number of emails you can send sure yeah so but spammers wouldn't be able to use freedom NIM in order to send spam you're talking about draw boxes so in the area of spam if you actually look at all the techniques spammers use sometimes they use draw boxes they'll use an open mail relay to send 20,000 emails in an hour with a totally different draw box on the other end so now the problem with that is I can use a draw box that I don't know because the other system has no authentication so we can't by default flip off that draw box because we have no way of knowing if that's actually owned by the spam or if it's a denial service attack to that NIM so there's a couple thresholds in things we can do one is the other part of Ian's response which is we give users the ability to block all spam from ever entering their email address so we can kill spam to a NIM 99.9% so you can use your NIM out in a news group and that's the reason we've done it without getting bombarded by spam because if you're trying to build a persistent identity and relation and reputation you don't want to have to abandon that email address a year out because of so much spam so our spam filtering is very high so if someone were to do that you could essentially block out all the counter measures that you're talking about but we also do a header verification and digitally signed headers so that we can verify if an email message actually ever came from our network and if it did we can shut down that NIM we don't know who it is but we can either shut them down or lower their spam count threshold so if someone is allowed normally to send 300 messages a day and we start getting tons of complaints about spam with legitimate digitally signed headers we can just threshold them down to 20 emails a day so that it's very hard for him to continue using that mailbox for spam so in fact that can happen automatically if someone tries to send more than 300 emails a day that number can just automatically go down without having complaints complaints I think should probably cut off the NIM entirely if it's an actual verifiable spam so Austin's answered the second half of the first question about about the spam so we protect people from receiving spam using means that some really techno savvy people are using today using an automated challenge response type system if the user really wants to turn it on but so that's a pretty good spam protection mechanism is it's really complicated to use users have no idea how to use this luckily we're mediating their email right so we can add these complicated technical countermeasures to spam and users just get it for free so now the second question anonymizer so what's the difference between freedom and the anonymizer so the anonymizer if you're not familiar whoa people just keep filing them so the difference between freedom and the anonymizer the anonymizer basically is a way to anonymize your web web surfing and in a nutshell basically it's you connect to the anonymizer and the anonymizer connects to the website and then the website doesn't learn any information about you okay so there are for all these privacy enhancing technologies as it's so called there are a couple of axes you can you can plot their positions on one is their utility what kinds of things do they help you anonymize so the anonymizer is basically for web surfing it does a bit of email now but that's it freedom on the other hand is at the IP level so basically any IP based protocol it can or potentially can make pseudonymous and the other axes is how resistant is it to attack so if you have a single proxy in the middle where everything's going through if once the guy who runs it is compromised then basically all information is lost so if he is subpoenaed he can certainly give out information about who is talking to whom a third difference is that the anonymizer is an anonymous service whereas freedom is a pseudonymous service and the pseudonymity allows you to do things like reputation capital and things like this although the anonymizer's new mail subsection does a lot of use of persistent pseudonyms so it's getting to 11 o'clock and I think people will be like really interested in getting these serial numbers and shirts and cool stuff like that one or two last questions so everyone's getting up is going to storm us so seeing as how there's another talk in here like very soon I think the best thing would be to take the chachkas out like into the hallway and that way I'm going to do a really fast throw up alright go ready laser


We are about to hear is true. The names have been changed to protect the innocent.  You're assigned to auto theft details. A gang of criminals masquerading as legitimate auto dealers start to work in your city. Innocent people are cheated out of thousands of dollars. The thieves are clever. They work a foolproof formula. Your job? Stop them. Dragnet, the documented drama of an actual crime. For the next 30 minutes in cooperation with the Los Angeles Police Department, you will travel step by step on the side of the law through an actual case transcribed from official police files. From beginning to end, from crime to punishment, Dragnet is the story of your police force in action. It was Tuesday, February 19th. It was chilly in Los Angeles. We were working the day watch out of auto theft. My partner's been Romero. The boss is Captain Nelson. My name's Friday. We were on the way out from the office and it was 10.25 a.m. when we got to the corner of 38th Street in Maxbury Avenue. The Greenleaf Day Nursery School. Maybe it's Palmer, is that right? I think it's going to be a minute. I've got it written down. Yeah. Excuse me, ma'am. Police, ma'am, I'm Romero. It's Friday. Oh, yes, ma'am. I'm going to get all about it. Is that it? Ma'am, we've been handling similar complaints for last month or so. We'd like to have you tell us everything that happened in your case, if you would please. One of the most underhanded things I've ever heard of, Sergeant. It would have been the same thing if you'd held me up with a gun, just out and out, Robert. Could you give us some of the details, ma'am, how you were first approached on the deal? Excuse me a minute, please. Children, time to go inside now. We're going to color pictures with the crayons this morning. Johnson has them all ready for you inside. Please, Michael, Sandra, go along now. Inside, everyone. Certainly wish the warm weathered hurry up and come. Children always raise such an uproar when we have to keep them indoors. It's the worst part of running a day nursery to win a month. Yes, ma'am, I suppose so. How about your automobile, Mrs. Palmer? We understand you had it up for sale. You advertised one of the local newspapers, haven't you? Yes, that's right. I ran one of those three-day wand ads over the weekend, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. I thought I'd get more for my car if I told it myself. I mean, instead of selling it to a used car lot. Yes, ma'am. How many answers did you get on your wand ad? Well, just the one where it turned out, this man came out and looked at my car first thing in the morning. He offered to pay me exactly what I was asking for it, so I sold it to him. That's just the way it went. Who was this man, Mrs. Palmer? Was he representing some auto company? Yes, he said he was anyway. He gave his name at Joseph Newhall. I've got his card inside. He was a buyer for Dan Barton's used car lot on South Cap Street. Nice address, man. He made it all seem so honest. How was the deal arranged? Could you tell us, I mean, transfer of the car payment and so forth? Well, he gave me a check for $50, sort of a down payment to hold the car for me. It was a certified company check. Let's see. He told me he'd get back that afternoon with a certified check for the full amount of the car. $800. Did he take your car with him then? No, he didn't. That's why I had no reason to be suspicious. He left me the check for $50 and said he'd either with the money. In the meantime, one of the employees in the used car lot might be along to pick up the car to save me the trouble of driving it downtown myself. Uh-huh. Same ammo, Joe, all the way. Yeah, it looks like it. Well, how did it go after that, Mrs. Palmer? This worker from the used car lot came to the house to pick up the car about one o'clock that afternoon. Gave me a check for the full amount of the car. I gave him the pink slip. Had a pair of white cover all found, lettering on the back of him. Dan Barton's used cars. It looked like a typical mechanic or something. I wasn't at least that suspicious. How about the buyer of this Joseph Newhall? Did he show up later in the day? No, he never came back. I've never seen him since. I haven't seen my car either. I called that Dan Barton's used car lot the next morning and they told me they never heard of Joseph Newhall. Just made me sick, officer. I can't afford to lose the money I had in that car. Yes, ma'am. We understand the same things happen to a dozen people like you on the city. Do you remember what this man Newhall looked like, Mrs. Palmer, his physical description, maybe the clothes he was wearing? Yes, I've got it all written down, Sergeant, in my diary. Would you like to step inside, please? I've got my little office at the back of the school here. Well, thank you very much. I always make a record of everything in my diary. I've kept going ever since I was a girl in college, every day. I suppose you've got all the information on your car that make, license numbers, things like that? Oh, yes, indeed. I've got everything together I thought might help you. Right up these stairs, please. Thank you. Go ahead. How about the description of the man and overalls, the one who came to pick up your car? Would you remember him, ma'am? Yes, I've got that for you, too. Everything I thought would help. Just have a seat there, officers. I've got the things in my desk here. Thank you, ma'am. Thank you. I wouldn't mind the whole thing so much, but as I say, I can't afford to lose the cash I had tied up in my car. It seems to be the way the thieves operate, ma'am. They've been cheating the people who've released the 40. Terrible thing, just out not robbery. There you are, Sergeant. Thank you, ma'am. Here's the description of my car, license number, all the rest. Yes, I see. And here's the description of the two men.  Have you got that deposit check, ma'am, who all gave him his palm in the check for $50? Right here, Sergeant. I saw that company about it. Dan brought and used car lot. Forgery. Not worth the paper. It's printed on. Uh-huh. I love you. Yeah, that's right. One thing I don't understand, how those crooks get these checks to begin with, do they steal them? No, ma'am. We figured they had them printed out. We're still trying to find out where. Well, you know what the men look like. You'll be able to find them now, won't you? Only wish it worked that way, ma'am. We've had good descriptions on both men for a month now. Hasn't helped too much. I don't understand it at all. As I say, they're only common crooks. They can't be that smart, can they? Well, there's only one way we can judge. We've been hunting every day for a month now. Yeah? They're stolen. In the space of 33 days, the auto theft gang and victimize a dozen private citizens throughout the city. In each instance, the approach and the method of operation had been the same. The front man for the gang would personally answer a want ad inserted in the local newspaper by a private citizen advertising a sale of his automobile. The front man would represent himself falsely as a buyer for Dan Barton's used car lot, a well-known and legitimate used car dealer. He'd offer to pay exactly the sale price which the private party was asking. As a deposit, the so-called buyer would leave a counterfeit company check for $50 or $100 with a promise that he would return later in the day with a certified check for the full amount. After a few hours, another man posing as an employee of Dan Barton's used the call for the car and drive it away. Neither the car nor the so-called buyer were ever seen again. All efforts to trace them went for nothing. 11.40 a.m. Ben and I went back to the office and got out a broadcast and a supplementary APB on Mrs. Palmer's car and also on the phony car buyer who called himself Joseph Newhall. After lunch, we met with Sergeant Constance B, one of the other four men out of auto theft detail who were working in case with us. How'd you make out this morning? I mean, that ain't going anywhere at all? It wasn't bad as far as it went. We found a place where they had the printing done. Oh, it was there. Smoke up in the valley. Printed up the phony checks without heading on it. Dan Barton's used car lot. I got lots of business cards for him, too. What was the name you found out? That same one, Joseph Newhall. He ordered the checks and the business cards. Printed and described them for us, same guy. Where'd it go from there? No place. Printed told us Newhall had a car. He couldn't give us a license number. Couldn't even remember the maker, the body style. Thought it was a late-model car, it's but all. Well, that's not much help. No address on him either. It was a will-call order paid for in cash. Mr. Newhall comes back again. Ah, yeah, it's covered. I don't figure there's much chance Newhall's going to do that.  Well, I guess that's one late we can forget. How about that special run the stats office made for us yesterday? Did you come out of that? No, nothing. All the possibles on the list were checked out on the clear. Nothing from Barton's used car lot either. Everybody on their staff's been checked out. All their ex-employees, too. No signing one of them might have had a hand in it. Yeah. Oh, have you seen the captain since this morning? No, why? Well, that idea we were talking over at the last meeting, he figures we'll go ahead with it this weekend. How do you figure I'm working, you know? I'm in personal content? Yeah, that's right. Most of the private parties who want to sell their cars and sell use that want ad dealer over the weekend. They get a special ready Saturday and Sunday. Oh, I know. Thursday nights are deadline for having the ad dinner. They're going to run the full weekend. And that's what we start working on. We get in touch with every private party who file a want ad for the weekend advertising a sale of their car. Yeah, we'll contact them by phone every one of them. We advise them that if anybody representing themselves as a buyer for Dan Barton, use car lot answers, their want ad, there to get in touch with us right away. If they can't stall the man long enough, we tell them to accept the information on the man the car is driving. You know, to work out if we can get any kind of cooperation, it's going to be a big job. We'll have to cover all the want ads and all the papers. We've got a good description of that phony buyer, Joseph Newhall. If they planted a want ad from one of the papers, maybe he's the one in the gang who brought the ad in. It's possible one of the ad takers might remember and might be worth checking anyway. Well, could be. They might have phoned in the ad too. That wouldn't help much. There's well snuff foolproof, but it's a different approach to plan anyway. We tried everything else. We can think of to reach the fees. I get it. Auto theft, fighting time. Yes, sir. Mm-hmm. When was that? 90. Yeah. Mm-hmm. Yes, as soon as we can. Thank you, sir. Well, maybe we won't have to wait for the weekend. What do you mean? Man out in Echo Park. He runs the candy store out there. He advertised his car for sale in this morning's paper. He said the first one to answer it was a buyer from Dan Barton's used car lot. Gave his name as Joseph Newhall. Looks like the same M.O. Mm-hmm. That make a deal? Well, a candy store owner wouldn't go for the deposit check. He wanted the full amount. Said the deal didn't sound right to him. How does it stand now? Well, Newhall said he'd come back with a check for the full sale price. What? 8 o'clock tonight. 2.20 p.m. We drove out and questioned the candy store owner further. His description of Newhall tallied with the others, but again, the potential victim had failed to get any kind of a description of the car. Newhall was driving out of a license number. Ben and I staked out at the house. 8 p.m. came and went. The suspect failed to show. By midnight, there was still no sign of him. Well, the way it shaped up, Newhall apparently had a policy of making a deal at first contact or forgetting about it. He probably figured that if a person was at all suspicious, the interval would give him time to check, and Newhall wasn't giving away any odds. All day Wednesday, the stakeout went on. No sign of the suspect. On Thursday night, the local newspapers gave us lists of names and phone numbers of all private parties who had ordered want ads for the coming weekend to advertise the sale of an automobile. We divided up the names to six of us took turns on the phones and started calling each party. We warned them about the car theft ring and advised them of what steps to take in the event Joseph Newhall or one of the other gang members approached them with a proposition to buy their car. One of the private parties we contacted was a Mr. Roy Harmon. Then got on one of the things we prepared. Sergeant Ormsby used the other extension and called another party running an ad. Sergeant Ormsby locked down the sweet department auto. How's that, sir? Yes, and one of the gang members that goes under the name of Joseph Newhall contacted it all. Oh, yeah. He was down. All right, thank you, man. What was that all about? A man by the name of Harmon, once a cocktail lounge out on South Coal, he took in a check over the boilers and that company check from Dan Borton's used car lot, says it was signed Joseph Newhall. Well, he ought to remember who passed it. He does. I got it right here. A man by the name of Frank Curtis was a regular customer at the bar. Harmon says his Curtis came in the place last night with a man in a dark suit and the man seemed to be a friend of Curtis's. Well, I asked him what the friend looked like and he described him. It was Newhall. What about that check, though? Harmon says he was standing by at the time, told me that Frank Curtis and Newhall had quite a few drinks together and he ran out of money. Newhall wanted to cash a check, but he didn't know. He didn't know him. Well, this Frank Curtis is a regular customer at the bar and he offered to endorse the check for Newhall. So Harmon said, OK, any cash? Well, how well does Harmon know this customer is, this Curtis? Pretty well. He lives across the street from him. We checked Frank Curtis through R&I, but he had no previous criminal record. We left the rest of the list for the other men and Ben and I drove out and talked to Roy Harmon, the owner of the cocktail lounge, where the suspect Joseph Newhall had his friend Frank Curtis. Harmon told the same story he'd given Ben over the phone. Curtis was a long-time neighbor of his and a steady customer at his cocktail lounge. As for Newhall, he'd never set eyes on him until the night before. Harmon gave us the home address of Frank Curtis and we checked it out. Mrs. Curtis entered the door and told us that her husband Frank was working in newly inaugurated night shift at an aircraft plant in the south end of the city. Then an eye drove down to the plant and after checking with the personnel office, we finally located Curtis at his work. He was an assistant foreman in one of the aircraft assembly shops. The truth, Sergeant Romero, the last time I saw Newhall before the years ago, we used to work at a work plant together. Commander, anyway, have you done something? We understand you endorse a check of Newhall for $50. You know him that well? I mean that you'd endorse checks for him? Well, maybe I shouldn't have. Wives always tell me I'll be more careful to whom I'm signing checks for. Well, I wouldn't have to. This Newhall? Well, I don't know. During the war, he and his wife lived in this housing project off North Main. I know they moved from that place, though. Yeah. A matter of fact, old Joe didn't tell me where he was living. I gave him my address. Told him to drop over for a beer sometimes. Don't remember getting his address, though. Didn't tell me what this is about, huh? Just a routine check. We'd like to locate Newhall, that's all. Got a few questions we'd like to ask him. Sir, excuse me. We're going to watch it here, Sergeant. I'm coming through with that jig, then. Okay, fellas. Straight on through. All clear. Let's go finish them. They got us free. They're getting busy again, all right. Seems like the old swing ship stays all over again. War years. Yeah. You mentioned a minute ago that Newhall is married, Mr. Curry. Yeah, that's right. What about his wife? Can you tell us anything at all about her? Betty? No, no, I don't think so. Her and Joe seem to get along all right. They're along pretty well, a matter of fact. Nice girl, Betty. I'm going to remind her much. Does Newhall have any children? You know that? No, no, kids. Well, it doesn't work. Her and Joe. Uh-huh. Would you know if Newhall's wife is still working? I don't know. Probably is. But yeah, yeah, matter of fact, she is. Joe happened to mention it the other night when we were talking. Just happened to think of it. Let's go ahead. I remember I asked about Betty and he said she was still working. Same old place, same old job, that's all.  Yeah, City Hall. We continued questioning Frank Curtis and he told us that to the best of his knowledge the suspect's wife, Betty Newhall, had a civil service rating and that she'd worked as a file clerk in the record room of one of the bureaus in the municipal. The next morning, Ben and I got in touch with the civil service officials at the City Hall and they got out a tracer on the wife of the suspect. 11.20 a.m. I got it. Auto theft Friday. Yes, sir. How's that? Huh, I didn't hear it. When? The ice rate. Yes, sir. Right, we'll check with you in about an hour. Bye. I don't know why we always have to do it the hard way. Why, what was it? The callback on Newhall's wife, most of it checks out just the way Curtis told us. What's her up? Betty Newhall quit her job a month ago. Hasn't been around, hasn't been seen since. Civil service can't even contact her. What's the deal? She moved. No forwarding address, not a trace of her. 11.20 a.m. I did ball road off the 57 freeway. 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Then got all the available information on her from the civil service office and we got out a broadcast and the supplementary all points bulletin. We found out she had a 10 year old son so we checked with the Board of Education to see if the boy was registered in one of the city schools. He wasn't listed. Still no response. We stayed on it. In the meantime the weekend was wearing a white suit. The other two teams of men working the case were standing by but apparently none of the private parties who were running want ads over the weekend advertising the sale of an automobile had been approached yet by either Joseph Newhall or some other member of the gang. If they did make a contact it hadn't been reported to us. Saturday night still no response 8.50 p.m. Ben and I had some supper at Johnny Coken's place and then we went back to the office. Another bad meal at all, huh? Good soup. Yeah, there's nothing like that corn chowder Johnny puts out. It's the best. I'm sure we should do something about that coffee like taking a shot of adrenaline, isn't it? It's pretty strong and... excuse me. Maybe that's what giving me this heart there. Where's Armsby? I thought he was covering. Oh, God, he was here when I left. Joe, Ben. Hi, Army. Thought we lost you. I'm taking a call from Hollywood Division. Good piece of news. What's that? Newhall's wife, they found her. At approximately 25 minutes past 8 that night, a dark-haired woman in her late 30s had brought a young boy into a pharmacy in the Hollywood area. Apparently, the woman had been drinking, but she was not intoxicated. The young boy with her, whom she identified as her 10-year-old son, was badly cut and bruised about the face and head. The woman insisted that the pharmacist on duty treat the boy and attend to his injuries. After arguing with the woman, the pharmacist called the Hollywood receiving hospital. The ambulance was dispatched and the boy in his mercenary treatment. At Hollywood receiving, the woman gave her name as Betty Harrison, and her son's name was George Harrison. But a routine identification checked by officers next door at the Hollywood Division station disclosed her true name as Mrs. Betty Newhall. The desk sergeant ordered her health for interrogation and notified our office immediately. 9.30 p.m. Ben and I arrived at the Hollywood Division. The boy, George, Mrs. Newhall, told me about hitting little George. I told him if he did it again, I'd walk out. Well, I did walk out. I don't care what happens to him. You mean the boy's father did that to him? Beat him up like any... He's not George's father. Second marriage. My name needs to be done. I have two kids. One died. When the boy came through, I got custody of George and I married Joe Newhall. You know why we're looking for your husband, Mrs. Newhall? Yeah, I think so. Why do you think so? It's a car business. Anyway, it was George. Do you have any idea at all where we can find your husband? Not sure. He might be a lot of places. Just can't get over what he did to George. No reason at all. Kid came home and asked if he could go to the show. His husband got up and slapped him. Been drinking quite a bit. He hit the kid with his clothes. He just kept hitting. A cool man slugging a 10-year-old kid like that. I don't care about any man or George's concern. Nobody's going to treat a kid of mine like that. You said you knew about your husband's dating in a car business, Mrs. Newhall. How much do you know about it? That much. It was his idea from the beginning when my husband got them in together to work directly. He made all the plans and gave all your orders. How is it that you quit your job at the city hall in such a hurry? My husband's idea, I guess. He thought if anything happened to you, you'd want to be traced very easy. Then he had to go and get drunk that night.  How about the gang your husband had working with at Mrs. Newhall? Can you tell us anything about them? Yes, I can. Please, I was working with them. Maybe there's someone else besides them, but I don't know them. You know where these men live, ma'am? How we can find them? I think I do. Yeah, I got the dresses at home. By this time, they're probably on there. You know the places they were supposed to be staying? Yeah, I got the dresses at home. How about the cars they got on this deal they were working? What are they doing with them? Do you know that? I don't know for sure. They were moving east, I think, selling them back there. Yes, ma'am. I didn't always get to the deep. Married to John Feehan. I'd be ford. No. Even they didn't like kids. They'd have to be that way. Well, I'd like to ask you something. Why'd you marry him? 10.43 p.m. We stopped at the Newhall apartment on the way back to the study hall, called the office, and arranged for a steakhouse. The wife of the suspect, Betty Newhall, gave us the names and addresses of the people she knew to be working with her husband, Joseph Newhall, in the auto theft gang. She had no information to offer on the cars they might be driving. When we got to the office, we took a complete statement of Mrs. Newhall, and then she was booked in at the main jail on suspicion of grand theft auto. 11.09 p.m. Together with Wilton and Ormsby, we started checking out the addresses of the gang members. Our first two stops, we got nothing. On our last two, we did a little better. We picked up a Jack Whitmore, Curly Reese, and a Carl Steadman, three of the names which Mrs. Newhall had mentioned. We took them downtown and booked them in at the main jail. That still left the principal suspect, Joseph Newhall, unaccounted for. At 1.45 a.m. the next morning, we got a tip as to his whereabouts. A small hotel on East First Street. We checked it out. The man answering Newhall's description was registered in room 209 on the second floor. We got a pass key from the room clerk on duty and started up the stairs. 209. Down this way, Joe. Seven. Here we are. See if we can get a ride. Police officers, I'd hold up there. Down then. What's this all about? You generally sleep with your clothes on, Newhall? Look, I don't know what you're talking about. What is this? He's clean, Joe. I'll take his bag. And I'll stay out of those things. You haven't done your right breaking in here like this. This comes with my problem. Let me relax, Newhall. This won't take long. Two full pads of them, Joe. Find them in his suitcase. His company checked. We talked to your friends, Mr. We got one side of the story. You haven't got anything on me. You haven't got enough to hold me an hour. We're going to give it a try. For a full five hours we questioned Newhall, both at the hotel and later downtown in the interrogation room. And after five hours of questioning, he finally broke and admitted being the mastermind behind the auto theft racket. Your true name is Joseph Woodard, Newhall, is that right? Yeah, that's him. You can't blame the whole setup on me though. My wife had a hand in it just as much as I did. Everybody got her statement. You want to give us yours?  We didn't hurt anybody anyway. It's just a con deal, that's all. We didn't hurt anybody. How do you figure that? Well, just a simple con deal. People advertising their cars for sale are trying to cheat out a few bucks on themselves. We just out-figured them, that's all. We ready to dictate a statement for us. You know, we out-figured you too. You'd never have reached this. It wasn't for my wife. We'd reach it. Because I slapped him around a little. I wouldn't be here if it wasn't for that. Well, you'd better learn a lesson, Mrs. Wife. Next time you fight, don't pick a 10-year-old. The story you had just heard was true. The names were changed to protect the innocent. On May 29th, a trial was held in Superior Court, Department 87, City and County of Los Angeles, State of California, in a moment the results of that trial. A track of his fingerprints revealed that Joseph Newhall's true name was Joseph Orrin Henderson, and that he had a previous record of forgery and burglary in the State of South Carolina. Henderson, alias Newhall, was tried and convicted along with its associates in the auto theft gang on eight counts of grand theft and forgery of a fictitious check. They received sentences as prescribed by law. Grand theft is punishable by imprisonment for not less than one or more than 10 years. Forgery of a fictitious check is punishable by imprisonment in the County Jail for not more than one year or in the State Penitentiary for not more than 14 years. The wife Betty Newhall was convicted as an accomplice and was sentenced to serve one year in the County Jail. 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