We read the headlines every day and it's quite evident that the new government under Prime Minister Modi is making the argument that the business environment and the ease of doing business in India has changed considerably. However, what is the reality check of this slogan? Is this even possible to do without proper infrastructure in place? Does the infrastructure story in India get the attention and the scrutiny and the debate that it deserves? They say that to build a nation you need to build roads. But let's take roads to start with because we have the surface transport minister here with us and I thought it would be interesting to talk about them. India is confronted with the problem of both quality and quantity. The World Economic Forum itself in a report ranked India 27th on the quality of roads. When it comes to quantity, the statistics are even more frightening. From 2004 to 2014 the road making capacity of India some estimates say came down from 20 kilometers a day to 3 kilometers a day. Can the new government change all that? How do we assess the make in India slogan? Has the world started looking at India in a different way now that there is a new government in place? And can any of this possible without proper infrastructure? Let's introduce our panel today with me is of course Nitin Gadkari and I must tell you something about him which makes his presence on this panel even more interesting when he was a Maharashtra politician. Instead of Gadkari he used to be known as Pulkari or the flyover man because he used to keep building highways and roads and flyovers and poles and can he bring that reputation to the central ministry or will he find it considerably difficult? I think that's going to be one of the questions we'll put to him today. On my left is Yorihiko Kojima chairman of the board of the Mitsubishi Corporation from Japan. This is very interesting because Japan was of course high on the agenda of Mr. Modi's visit. It was one of the most high-profile first big foreign visits but what really adds up once the photo ops are over that's something we'll put to him. Ajit Gulabchand chairman and managing director with the Hindustan Construction Company has in a sense a company that has been pioneering in the area of infrastructure most recently involved with the with the ceiling in Mumbai. Those of you who are from Mumbai will will know that what are some of the problems the hurdles the obstacles he had to face. He'll talk a little bit about that and Mark Spellman global managing director with Accenture based in the United Kingdom. Mr. Gadkari I'll start with you. It was easy to be the flyover minister the flyover man in Maharashtra when you're actually running this ministry in the government when you find that 1.8 lakh crores of projects were stalled because clearances were not coming or because money has actually dried up for public sector banks. How realistic is it for your government to aim to build 30 kilometers of roads today? I want to give the track record which easily prove that what is the performance of our government. The one thing is very true that before coming to this government our infrastructure particular road sector facing lot of serious problem but now we have already solved the problems. You've already solved them. Yes I'm giving you the data about it because it can prove the performance of our government. Project where issues have been sorted out that is of 17 projects length 2384 kilometer cost is 1,87,000 crores have already cleared projects where later of appointment is given but withdrawal with good golden shake hand that is of 4,087 kilometer cost 50,000 crores project have closed. What is this golden handshake? I think a lot of people are interested. You're actually terminating contracts that didn't work out so why is that a good thing? That is a sophisticated it is already the termination of contracts. Exactly. One percent they are given to NHI because from last three years the financial closer was there the land equation was not there forest environment clearance was not there. Yes. Then really over which problem was there a lot of things were even I just request them two times three times but this is what the first situation when I requesting the contractor and contractor refused to work and that's why the project of 50,000 crores they haven't withdrawn projects behind schedule were issues to be sorted out of 1800 kilometer 26 project the cost is 20,624 crores it is already going on the problems are there and I'm confident any due course of time I will solve that problem. Okay but you've given us the figures now give us the honest picture how difficult is it really to deal with environmental clearances on the one hand a land acquisition bill that even your finance minister says he wants to change even though your party supported it when you were in the opposition what is the biggest hurdle to the infrastructure story Mr. Gadkari? First of all I want to clear one thing any journalist from the country never challenge about my statement what I speak honestly and clearly if the mistakes is there I will accept it. Now here hurdles thousands of hurdles are there the main hurdle is land acquisition and without land acquisition without forest environment clearance without lot of thing there no clearance was there and contractor received the work order the financial closure was there and that's why the projects are now economically non-viable that was the one of the reason but by in existing law there are also many compulsions and binding on us but we have find out the way out and now the sector is now running and I'm giving you the confidence I am ready to give you the number of projects name of the projects it is on my website already we have already solved the problem so let us believe in the leadership of Narendra Modi ji and our government and in due course of time my target is within two years let it note it down your record after two years you can ask me within two years now the our plan our ambition is making 30 kilometers per day and it is presently it is less than three kilometers that's what I said but I am giving you the assurance you can change this in two years 100% and you take it on your record otherwise ask me the question after two years in your show Mr. Gadkari what it happens to you okay you are right for that but I am telling you with my full confidence with positive approach whatever the things are moving now I am very much sure about it that we will solve the problems we are very positive we want to support the contractor we are very friendly for foreign investment we are encouraging the people and the practical level on ground reality what are the problems we are facing I am personally taking every time record of every project and I am sure that the problems will be solved okay so please note on record and we will call the minister back here in two years that from under three kilometers a day of road making capacity you are saying it will be 30 kilometers in two years now sir you spoke about foreign investment I must take it now to Mr. Kojima the chairman of the board of the Mitsubishi corporation Japan grabbed the headlines when our prime minister met their met with Shinzo Abe you had a chance to actually be part of that meeting 35 billion was committed in investment what for Mitsubishi or what for the world has actually changed in India is it just a new leader who's promising new things or are you seeing any visible signs of change okay Kojima is my name and I have to respond to your questions yes well a Prime Minister Modi visited Japan the first and second of September this year and at that time say he had a very good meeting with the Prime Minister Abe and this is Prime Minister Modi's first visit outside of India Japan was the first time that's a very happy for Japanese and I was requested to attend that meetings and I heard the presentation of Prime Minister Modi frankly speaking we are very much impressed with his speech and the presentation frankly speaking what we are doing in the India I like to briefly explain and our company is the used to be a trading company but now the trading profit is just 30 percent and 70 percent profit coming from the investment investment oh now you are changing your business model from the trading company to the investment banker no no not only investment banker we are we invest not only money but also human resources for those subsidiary companies therefore in total globally 600 subsidiary companies investment already and however in India approximately 20 investment we have to increase more and always we are watching when is a very good opportunity and important issues we invested 600 companies however we second more than 200 CEO chief executive officer the president from our company to those subsidiary companies important issue is our employees in the future is the management high level people that's very important for our company therefore in that sense and our company is always invest and send the people and to add the value for those companies and eventually profit will be coming those subsidiary companies and under such circumstances particularly in India infrastructure business and also power business and even railway business and so forth for instance daily metro and we invested and there are so many others however we are always cautiously investing because states by states regulation and also the taxation so many issues are different and there are so few countries like that and besides former government central government doesn't didn't have but say capacity to control all of the countries therefore every company outside of the India invested and most of them didn't get to profit and sometimes very big growth and you're saying one of the big problems was that there was no uniform policy it kept changing from state to state I'd like the minister to respond to that and then I'll come to you Mr Gulabchand the the fact that the previous government the experience of someone as important as the Mitsubishi chairman is that there was no uniform policy now even today it's not as if the BJP controls all the states sir so wouldn't this be a problem even today for a big foreign company looking to do business in more than one place in India he is absolutely correct because in many factor there are different laws are there different systems are there so uniform mission is very essential because in our country infrastructure is divided railway minister is something different aviation is other the roads and shipping is with me shouldn't they all have been under you I don't know it's only the prime minister he's the appropriate person okay no but a more serious question you know as you yourself have said don't you do not need a converge you know a merged ministry of transport which also includes we need a multimodal transport policy for the country because in some area the hill area is there where railway is not there so we have to connect my roads somewhere we have to form heliports so now we have started sea plane so we can use that take the advantage of water port bus port and airport so there we need the integrated approach for multimodal transport system he's absolutely correct and now but under the leadership of prime minister he's of the same opinion and we are forming the uniform policy for that and in due course of time I am confident that we will succeed to form a uniform policy and what he suggests is absolutely correct Ajit Gulabchan as somebody who's had hands-on experience with with the hurdles the minister was candid enough to say there are thousands of hurdles the land acquisition act is one of the most important ones of them I suspect we will see a change the finance minister spoken about it Mr. Gadkari spoken about it but in your experience what is the biggest hurdle to a company like yours looking to actually do business in the sector of infrastructure well considering the amount of money that NHIO is my company how much is that it is difficult to be candid but nevertheless what I can say to you the biggest hurdles face there are two types of things we as a company operate as a construction contractor on some projects and we operate as a concessionaire who takes a BOT project and operates when you the problems on both are similar and dissimilar but one of the important features that has that confronts everybody the same thing that the minister spoke of land acquisition has come in the way the concession agreements have been given or even construction contracts have been given and then the land is not available equipment has been brought to site work is underway it is stopped several times so this piles up delay after delay and a cost after cost and there are consequences and we're not talking of simple costs we're talking about sometimes going up to even 50 percent of the value of the contract and all this extra money is then borrowed from the banks in order to do it and and that creates a huge interest burden and that has created this lock jam no but what is a company like yours do when you are owed money no that's what I'm saying so there is a dispute resolution mechanism in the concession agreement as well as in the contracts now this dispute resolution mechanism has failed in the sense it was meant for disputes but it is now being used to quantify and price the amount of money that should be given in case of delay or a change but that is because there's a fear of making a decision for the for the for the fear that they will be they will be charged with corruption the same reason every decision given by a dispute resolution body at the lowest and the d r dispute resolution and then to the arbitration and then to court is challenged it goes all the way to supreme court taking years to take a decision so what's the solution the solution is that which is under way which is being prepared that they must follow the contract and pay according to what the contract says and have a dispute resolution mechanism that's credible and implement now I think this is something that the minister is fully aware of and is tackling it's not so easy to do given the atmosphere in the country where this fear continues to exist it hasn't gone away even though the government has changed but with more assurance and the contracts being changed in future I think this because this is a big big blessing the fear of being labeled corrupt is one of the big hurdles in this environment but in this in this context Birkha let me tell you some of it is fear of like corrupt and some of them those who don't wish to take decisions use this also I'd like Mr. Garkhari to respond quickly to that and then I'll bring you in mark the fear of being corrupted I mean I mean you know you do have politicians today saying our bureaucrats are scared of clearing files because five years later it will be a controversy yes it's a problem because the moral attitude of the bureaucracy is now because every time someone complained then start cbc cba another thing so the not taking decisions is a good policy for the bureaucrats but because after taking a decision they are facing the problems but one of the thing what Ajith is saying is absolutely correct our model agreement was actually that was a there was a lot of problem in that agreement so we have decided to appoint a committee under our principal cabinet secretary and considering the representative of the trade and business contractors and we are going to form a international standards for document or model agreement which can be not favored to anybody which can be transparent and which can be favored not favor to anybody but which can be stands on the principle of justification because the present agreement is very much against the contractor and bankers so no bank can finance that with that agreement there is a problem so we have decided to change that agreement model agreement and we're taking all suggestions from them and it should be a fair agreement by which it can be acceptable to the bank and he's absolutely correct and I'm of the opinion to change it and it's interesting that you do concede that over the years bureaucrats have actually got locked into this kind of policy paralysis mark is pelman if I can get you now how does India today look to to the rest of the world as a destination for doing business the prime minister here is committed to making it easier to do business but what has actually changed specifically from the outside looking in well I think there's a lot of confidence around India as a country if you look at the global context if we assume that US and China growth is at least me okay you've got the eurozone Russia and Brazil which is in problems and people look at India and I think they'll see you actually very good prospects I'd like to take you back though having said that to your first point which was about quality because what we actually went to first was quantity and it's easy to jump to the quantity number I think the really interesting question is the quality issue and very often what we look at particularly when we're talking about infrastructure and investment is that we look at all the inputs and I think we need to look much more at the outputs in other words what is it that we're trying to get to in the two-year time frame and the key thing from the outside looking in is predictability and what people are looking for is a predictable path over time and that's a policy that doesn't keep changing well I think it actually involves a number of dimensions we've talked a bit about some of the obstacles and those are things like the land the regulatory issues the corruption issues but actually I think it's about having a predictable process over time which then enables you get to get to outputs and to get to result which is good for India good for the financiers and good for citizens and I think we need to be much more talking about the outputs and the results not just about the inputs and I think if we do that then you'll get that balance between if like government financing private sector financing and also international financing because actually the reality is that you need all three components and the truth is that it's not just India that's got an infrastructure gap lots of countries have got infrastructure gaps and so India is going to be in a competitive situation with other countries around the world and let me bring in Mr. Kojima on that if it is such a competitive environment and one of the things you said was that Mitsubishi is very cautious about investment then why would you choose India apart from the size of the market to do to invest here what what would offer you the confidence to bring your investment okay well say as I told you when Prime Minister Modi visits Japan and a very good conversation and meeting with our Prime Minister Abe and eventually our government is taking some play auctions and very frankly speaking I heard that recently a name is a Japan plus and a special team which supports and promotes investment from Japan to India this was established within the Indian Ministry of Commerce and Industry and this team consists of four Indian governmental officials and two Japanese experts from Japanese Ministry of Economy and Trade Industries therefore Japanese government and the Indian government are working closely together how to make this kind of investment and particularly in a infrastructure level but I was very happy both government are working closely together this is very good news for us then now I believe this is a very very good timing for Japan to start develop the investment in India and we are now also working very closely together because the government asks the business companies and our ideas we communicate with our government frankly speaking former government didn't contact you know business company but this Mr. Abe's new cabinet try to communicate with the business people and besides they are communicating with the Indian government this is very good for us that's interesting Ajit that that Mr. Kojima says it's good that the government government contact is there and in Japan too you now have a government that's communicating with business perhaps mirroring what's happening in India but there is also a view that if business is really to be unshackled the government there has to be less government not more so there is a continuing debate over what kind of of of government Mr. Modi will lead will it be a free market government or will it be a government enabled business friendly government and does that matter oh it does matter for example what big step that which Prime Minister Modi has taken is to dissolve the planning commission central planning was at the center of any socialistic economy where resources allocation would be decided by the state by doing away with that is clearly signal it will be a market economy when it comes to infrastructure government is willingly involved it is the rest of the things that can be privately done and even when you take the national highway authority barring owning the road and putting all these rules together and implementing it everything is done by private sector whether it's feasibility supervision construction operation etc so private sector has a role to play and it is left to play that but with infrastructure you will come in contact with government and it has to be a joint we are doing it when it comes to roads and other infrastructure those ministries alone are not responsible for some of the problems that confront or the obstacles that come from your company's bill it it has so many problems it comes in the way of managing and dealing with the spvs that are required to create concession your land acquisition bill fortunately in this case also is in the hands of the same minister but otherwise that would be another kind of challenge there are several such things that are happening the environment ministry that is not in the hands of the same transportation no so are you saying the environmental ministry and the transport ministry should be with the same person don't i'm not saying that i'm only trying to say to you that there are many other challenges that need to be solved for this ministry also to be successful that's is all i'm saying for example the very high rate of interest which we still don't understand why it should be so high the easy explanation of inclination inflation is not good enough but this has made investment quite unviable because the cost of capital has gone up so unless you bring this down substantially you are still going to have hesitation in bringing in investment so i'm pointing out the things that are beyond mr. garkeri's process as far as why are we still doing this painful task of wanting it yes the cake is being on one side and we believe that prime minister modi and mr. garkeri will do the job but i'll tell you a small story of mr. garkeri and me when he became the pwd minister of maharasha for the first time we were having a ci i conference in which he talked eloquently about building a big road system i said why don't you build five kilometers of a road that looks like an international road he was he took an affront to this and he complained this is not so but he did some good because he went ahead and built the bombing point expressway which we were probably a part of and built it on time so and the whole ceiling was finally conceived unfortunately he lost his government to complete building it but it was conceived and awarded approximately the same time they lost their job so there was that certain there is a history behind it there is a promise by a prime minister who has done things and that is why we do it but the fact is that beyond their own ministries also there are issues that need to be solved however i must request the minister the pain is quite severe please be a little quick about it please be quick he's already sent himself a two-year deadline but the interesting point raised by ajit is about about ministries that are not under your control there's a huge debate over what the policy of this government will be towards environmental clearances the environmental lobby certainly doesn't approve of these fast fast track clearances the microscopic minority in the country they are very much opposing for the developmental projects we need ecology and environment at the same time we need development we have to find out the way out between the two line exact equilibrium where we can just give justice to both the eccentric approach for anything it creates problem so at the same time we need good environment ecology is very important at the same time we need employment and development the problem is that the some laws which are passed by the parliament and i'm sorry to say i don't want to make more comments about it but lot of decision taken by the courts now the courts have taken a decision they want to run government they want to give directions and there are a lot of judges some judges called as green judges also and they are directly taking decision now as far as our constitution is concerned i'm very much responsible i don't want to attack anybody i respect judiciary but the same time in the constitution all things are clear the media the judiciary the executive wing and list doing all are responsible for the success story of the democracy am i hearing you say that the courts have been one of the obstacles to and one of the obstacle is media you are the people without any reason if suppose a small NGO started something you're just giving a breaking news and news and go on ahead and you stop the project but we but we are meant we are meant to be the watchdogs we are i know i will tell you just that is our job i will tell you the small example i construct that uh verly bandra ceiling project there was a lot of opposition he was the contractor in english media every time they write q fish marjange it will be problem for the fish one day i take all english generalist with me in the boat just taking their hat of their house because that was gutter drainage totally from mumbai so i just asked them a simple question is there is any fish no then why you write in the paper why you write every time that the this is a problem for savar sqa smara this is for smarak problem for america smarak and other thing lot of thing they write it now the bridge is over no problem is there and i know how much the people the media giving importance for that okay but come back to your point just a minute i heard this small media the media the soft target no no no i'm sitting as you can criticize the no no i'm i'm not at the point about the courts and the judges i'm not crescent media there are good people in media also they support me like you like you i'm supporting you but what i want to suggest you this is our country we want to develop our country we want development we want ecology and environment we should have an integrated approach we should understand the feeling behind it and at the same time all people if they are ready to cooperate with me they can do it but everyone says stop the work stop the work no one is coming to me that you complete the work so are you saying that are you you've said your opinion about the media but are you saying about the judiciary and the green judges that they have an obstructionist attitude no i'm i'm i'm exceeding their brief i'm exactly telling you the things if suppose anyone want to run the government the things are very clear he can contest the election become a minister and he can run the government but in the media house or as a judiciary they cannot take the charge of administration they can run the business i'm sorry to say in many cases the way in which the decision have been given by the courts it is difficult to execute i'm not i have respect for the judiciary i have respect for the judges but at the same time this country poor country needs development we want to eradication of the poverty is our mission we want to increase the employment potential we want a super infrastructure of international standards if suppose anyone is going to stop the work how we can going to solve the problem escalation cost is there interest cost is there the project cost is the delay is there after that the cost corrors of claims are with me it is only the delay because in the court i am as a nh i as a ministry i am facing i have to give him the corrors of claim it is from the public money so this is we need a integrated approach supporting from all the people we want to protect the environment ecology at the same time we want development and we need support from media also and the judiciary and which is going to haul us all up for contempt of court okay mark spellman yes the integration point because i think that's that's really important question there before you respond you spoke about predictability the need for predictability yeah there could be certain things that are outside of a government's jurisdiction for example what the courts of a country decide you know it may not be in the control of within Gadkari as minister to to actually question that beyond a point how do you then guarantee predictability well there's always going to be certain uncontrollable events i think what we're saying is that what one's trying to look at is what are the controllable sort of parameters night i like this point about integration because i think it's uh it's hugely important and one of the challenges i think here is language and it seems to me that the start point is trying to work out how do you get a win-win and a win-win means actually that the politicians the business and the finance community can actually talk in same ways about a project and i'm actually married to a politician so my wife is a member of parliament in the uk so i actually understand a little bit of the challenges about how politicians speak and how business speaks and i think that one of the reasons we have difficulties is because very often the politicians express what they want in very different terms from what the business community and it seems to me that if we're truly talking about integration going forward the first thing that we need to do is have a common agenda about the things that we can control and we're beginning to get into those sorts of discussions about okay we can isolate out where some of the problems are we know that regulatory and environmental issues are particular problems i don't think it matters whether it takes two weeks two months or even two years to address them but as long as that we have a predictable time frame for how long it takes to address those and i think to pick up on on adjunct's point we we also need to know what the escalation processes are through them but the critical thing i think we need is we need clarity in the process i suspect there's a capacity issue and a skills issue and i think we need more tools to be able to really manage to best practice around large-scale what are very complex infrastructure projects okay i'm opening this up for questions in just a moment briefly from you agit where is that line between an integrated you know an integrated approach on one side that the minister speaks about and allegations of crony capitalism and business being too close to government which which is something that has dogged the previous government in one controversy after the other see as long as the process of giving out contracts concessions is is fair and transparent and open which quite a bit of it is there are areas where it wasn't and that is where the questioning has really begun so many contracts of nha have been given out over the years there's never been a question of an unfair gain given to any contractor so this is one area second is i think we are seeing crime in every little corner every two minutes i think this is also become a bit excessive but it is important to understand that all these people have to work together in order to deliver the infrastructure that you're building you can't you can't and then you cannot stop things in the middle halfway across your stop so many projects this has consequences cost consequences pain jobs are lost so many things are gone so i think there's been a certain element of irresponsibility arbitrariness in which the previous government did govern it you know environment projects will stop for nothing else major for jurisdiction not because there's an environment violation and these are things that have had an impact on the people where they feel that all this happens is a part of a of a thing and now we need to therefore understand that this has to happen if we start holding our ministers our companies everybody responsible for making sure they deliver what they are expected to deliver on time you will get a lot more confidence in the business okay we have a few minutes for for for questions you've heard the minister setting a number of deadlines for himself and for his government what do any of you think are the main hurdles what are some of the things that concern you we haven't spoken yet about smart cities and i want to talk a little bit about that but i'm seeing a hand going up here please with your question thanks my name is shumat mazumdar i have a question for the minister you've talked about 30 kilometers in two years very encouraged but the fact remains that you talked about how many kilometers have been allocated now and how much has been cancelled so there's really a negative growth over there you cancelled more than you allocated the issue of land still remains a problem with certain states while i can see bjp is expanding their states that they control but there are still some states which are not controlled by bjp so when can we start seeing traction we we're taking 30 kilometers in two years for granted now when do we start seeing some traction ajit has talked about some of the problems that exists in in the business so i mean would you like to give us some time frame as to be can start seeing traction by someone so time or whatever after our government we have given work order of 3419 kilometers in four months and our target is up to the march is 8500 kilometers the total kilometer length which is in the disputes we are facing the problems it is already 2384 kilometer have been cleared the work have been started 4087 kilometer the project are cancelled that i called it as a golden check hand and the project still there are the problems we are facing is of 1800 corals ongoing projects cannot be reviewed it's very difficult for me to find out the way out that is of 250 kilometers problems are there i'm not talking this is my target i'm trying my level best to maintain that target i'm confident i don't know what it happens in future but today we have already prime minister appointed a committee under my chair machine with infrastructure and environment ministry aviation ministry railway ministry we are taking monthly meetings and review and the even environment ministry railway ministry they are cooperating the things are changing problems are there it's not a very easy easy job it is a very difficult task but i always say that there are some people who convert problems into opportunities and there are some people who convert opportunities into the problems so let us believe me we will try our level best to convert these all problems into opportunities and let give me a good wishes for that we are wishes and your cooperation i can be succeed to 30 kilometers per day after two years this is what we're looking for thank you okay before i before i take the next question and if anyone has a question please raise your hand so i can catch your eye uh mr kojima this you know the the stock of smart cities of creating smart cities how do you how do you see this uh this proclamation as it were by the modigap i think uh yeah 100 cities as a smart city that is a plan right now and uh 100 cities not sufficient you know 100 cities a good number good number okay and uh yeah not sufficient but and the first important thing is a symbolic city model of the smart cities that's very important and maybe a city by city location by location the image is different and however and even in japan this kind of thing is very very important and for the future therefore in i say india this smart city plan and i was very much impressed this ideas and everybody who living those areas try to make a very good city that kind of effort is very important for the local place and therefore this smart city is a project is a very very important project for india and 100 this number is a good right now and the gradually increasing mr kakri when especially economic zones were created they were created with within a sense of creating business enclaves uh for industry for manufacturing but those ran into many many controversies now if we could not get sz of the ground can we really get smart cities off the ground you are correct question to a wrong person now you will say ask the previous government i am not related with the ministry but i will assure you one thing that this is also the dream project of our prime minister and we are planning for that and there are a lot of plan which prime minister has his own vision about it and what he suggests there are a lot of good things are there and in due course of time uh i feel that we will accelerate the process of forming this new smart city and definitely the scenario will be changed okay mark last thoughts i'm just going to start taking last comments remember if you have a question you have a few more minutes to get your question in what has been you know positive in terms of signaling from the new government and what still remains a gray area well if i just pick up on the smart cities i think this whole notion of a development corridor which becomes a magnet for attracting investment for attracting particularly sort of manufacturing and using that as an economic locomotive effect i think is very powerful i think the really interesting question is what do you truly mean by smart because actually i'm not sure there's a one size fits all in terms of cities and when you really talk about smart what you're really talking about is the power of information to be able to i think both not only make the city work effectively but also make it work well for citizens so i think there's a work to be done about what truly means means smart means but no i i think the fundamental issue here is that what we have is i think a lot of potential going forward you need financial stability and i think that the government is essentially working very hard to create that through reducing deficits reducing inflation that then becomes the vehicle for i think um stimulating both physical infrastructure but also critically sort of economic output and i think the really interesting question i think internationally is not just what happens within india but how india also becomes increasingly a vehicle internationally and how if you like i always look at emerging market multinationals and the role that they're increasingly playing and i think indian multinational companies will have a role not only internally but increasingly looking outside for example into the middle east but also into africa as well there is been no real definition of smart cities and just as well because you need to create this definition it it must be widespread because it would differ from city to city all it means one of the most important signals this has been given is for 65 years we have romanticized the village that that is the only way forward and we ignored the cities and said that there were kinds of necessary evils we have now recognized that the city is important the town is important and that it is necessary and it is good and if we have to create create new jobs about 300 million in the next 20 years of these are children that are born today then we will have to create these urban centers where these jobs will get created and please understand the magnitude united states which is the largest economy in the world has 135 million jobs so when you talk of creating 300 million new jobs you're talking about two american sized economies it's not simple without urbanization it's not possible and smartness of the city makes it more livable better services to people and therefore can actually be more productive and it signals that there is a better place to live and i think this conversation that has started the ogre's well for india because it has brought the city and the center of its development so stop romanticizing the villages you can't continue to do so there are some lovely songs and folk songs okay i'm seeing some hands go up we'll take a question here and then there we can get a mic please here on the front row we can just get a mic in the front row please innovation is created in cities and town education is created in cities and town just pollution also is created exactly i'm glad you said that okay go ahead with your question please yeah so my name is vikram gandhi and one of the things i do is represent advise a lot of pension plans around the world and as you know pension plans are one of the largest investors in infrastructure around the world and if you talk to them and as they look at opportunities this week for the minister and agit you had kind of referred to this as well or mr spellman the cost of capital in india is just too high so when even if you solve all the problems of you know good contracts land acquisition etc when a foreign investor looks at investing in india you end up with requiring hurdle rates in the mid to high teens of the low 20s which actually in a lot of cases even with everything working will not attract the kind of capital that is required given given the objectives i would just like to get comments on the on from the panel as to as you see this as to how do you think the cost of capital india should come down i mean obviously like you said there's inflation but they've got to be other things too which drive everything down and and what what is the government this is one of the things which cuts across not just the finance ministry but a lot of ministries as to how how are you thinking about that issue he's absolutely correct i am already on the job three because i have already written later to finance minister and prime minister you've written a letter already saying what same word and in three four days i have a meeting with the concerning secretaries also and he's absolutely correct i will pursue this matter it can be very useful for us question here yes actually it's pretty similar so i think it's finance you know we needed a financier on this panel because uh so i'm from yes institute yes bank so there's a lot of innovation going on in financing infrastructure globally there's project bonds coming up so we are i think at a stage where india could leapfrog on to such new financing mechanisms so i was just hoping uh you would realize that while india runs a lot of it also our professionals our people are running a lot of finance globally so hopefully we can have a forum where we could come and you know interact with government industry to bring the newest ideas to the table so especially financing projects okay mark well i was just going to respond to that in the sense that i think it's important that we don't just think about in terms of uh infrastructure bonds i think you can also look at it in terms of social impact bonds because one of the things that i'm beginning to see is for example that um in some of the infrastructure projects you can then actually sort of employ unemployed people in those completed infrastructure projects and actually the way that social entrepreneurs are able to bring unemployed people in and then help them into jobs in those infrastructure projects that have been built they can do that cheaper and more effectively than the government can do on welfare that creates the sort of the upside benefits for social welfare and social impact bonds so i think it's very important that we look not only at new innovative financing mechanisms for infrastructure in terms of the physical assets but i think there's also some very interesting mechanisms for the human capital side of things and actually the right answer is that we need both working together Mr. Gadkari i wanted to ask you something we haven't spoken about about sanitation we talk so much about infrastructure we talk about smart cities but we're a country where we have vast numbers of our population having to defecate and open the prime minister has committed to changing this but isn't this the biggest infrastructure change needed before roads and airports and big capital and pension plans where are the toilets you're absolutely it's a very important issue i am also i mean responsible for rural development yes that's why i asked you and now the country needs the policy that conversion of waste into wealth in my own city in nakpur our sewage water we are sailing to the electricity board by getting 18 crore rupees royalty from it we can make waste plastic from crude petrol we can make pallets from the west and there are a lot of things are there even in ganga we have to have a disposal of 15 000 ml d of waste water liquid waste so definitely it is one of the important sector where we have to concentrate on it the sanitation the toilet the cleanliness is very important and a lot of potential we have to work too much for that sector we are serious about it it will take some time for plan even for this toilets and other thing we have already appointed a committee under the chairmanship of Dr. Mashilkar for selecting the technology for drinking water and sanitation so we need a good technology but cost effective because the cost is very important in the poor area in the rural sector the cost of the toilet is very important we cannot do that much cost so if the number will be the number will be more but you have to reduce the cost that is one of the constraint even for drinking water 17 000 villages we are facing the problem of arsenic and fluorides the lot of serious problems are there and this is a sector where we want to more concentrate for that our prime minister vision is for he has got some vision about it and is one of the sector which is neglected and you are absolutely correct we will concentrate on that and from the urban ministry they are giving the grants to all of these projects from JNRM and we will make some good new schemes and by which we will achieve that goal okay just last comments from both of you were at the end of time Mr. Kojima one thing you'd like to see change in India that would give investors more confidence and you know any one area that you would particularly like to see traction and talking about the infrastructure yes and say I was checking firstly electric power water railway roads and the seaports and the airports and all those things is very important but I feel and electric power is very very important and maybe the Indian can use the coal for the electric power of course natural gas and other issues but the coal and you can make by yourselves a plenty of coal and in Japan how to reduce the CO2 from the coal this technology is anyhow now developing in Japan a lot and therefore electric power is very very important and renewable energy also very important but the wind power or geothermal power and solar power solar panel but it's very hard and say from the course viewpoint and this power capacity is not so good okay I have just a minute left I say last question and then Ajit you can maybe take that on question please here in the front row can we get a mic this is Sanjeev Rai from Billinovators I have a question around smart cities why are we not able to define smart cities is a question that you know it came across I was in a panel on smart cities as well and there was a lot of confusion about how to define it while some of the consensus that comes to is you know can we have a rule for example a 10 20 30 40 kind of a rule where it should be minimum 10 percent more livable 20 percent more sustainable 30 percent better governance and 40 percent more employment okay let the minister answer that and then I'll give the last word to Mr Gulabchand why can't we define it do we need a numerical or a statistical or an empirical definition like has been offered here his question is absolutely correct but I'm not concerned with the ministry what do you think I will I will I will give your feelings to the concerning minister that ministry should also be moist Ajit very quickly you said it's okay to not define the smart city here you have a kind of counter view we have to end I think I think because we have it has to evolve if you've got a coastal city the smartness that it would need in order to be an effective city and a more productive city and the livable city would be very different from a chemical engineering oriented where factories are there so I think let it evolve otherwise you'll get a governmental definition and that you'll not get no innovation in it at the same time we have to get going and I think it's very important that India while what is to be done is broadly known there are many white papers and what can be done I don't think there is a dearth of knowing what is to be done and our prime minister is full of clear ideas of where to go what we want is some speed now some movement just get going you know remove the debris on the road and move on okay and be very bold about it there's too much diffidence in about it be bold as girthi the philosopher said boldness has has genius power and magic in it well we'll leave it there the ministers promised that he will let us measure some of his commitments in two years from now so that's not so far away thank you very much a round of applause for our panel today and thank you


It's a bi-week for the Beavers women's hockey team and it couldn't have come at a better time. After getting swept last week, the Beavers sit at 0-4 for the first time since 1998. The team was back at practice today with over a week to prepare for Minnesota Duluth. It's a long time to sit on their winless record, but at the same time it gives them a break to focus on their own game and improve on some of their early season weaknesses. Sitting here now, you know, now it's an opportunity to kind of hit the reset button. It'll be kind of nice to work on some really specific things here this week prior to a game week going into Duluth. So, you know, we're going to take advantage of the bi-week and keep working on getting better. Bi-week is obviously nice to give your body a break, but right now I think after getting swept twice, we definitely want to play and win a couple of games here. But we obviously have a lot of things to work on, so I think this would be a good time to do that. Biggest area at needing improvement right now is on the back end, as they've allowed 18 goals in their first four games. Small mistakes have led to big consequences, so they need to make sure they're always on alert.  No matter what kind of a team we're playing, there's a lot of great teams out there, and they're going to make us pay for it. So, just focusing on the little things, communicating and, you know, blocking shots and playing Bieber hockey is what we do best. So, just kind of focusing on those things, and hopefully that'll help us in the end. It's a lot of little things. It's positional things. You know, we center got caught out of position. They weren't layered correctly, and that results in Providence getting a great opportunity and scoring. So, it's just little things like that that we just got to continue to work on, and so we'll take full advantage this week to do just that. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


This video will talk about the quadratic formula. If we have a quadratic formula, it's going to be in the form of AX squared plus BX plus C equal to zero, and notice I have two separate squares here because it has to be equal to zero. It must be equal to zero. And then when we talk about A and the formula is going to have ABs in season and so A is the coefficient on X squared, not the first term necessarily, it has to be the coefficient on X squared. And B is the coefficient on X, and C is always the constant. And then the quadratic formula is, and I learned from one of my students several years ago that you could see pop goes a weasel. So we would say X is equal to negative B plus or minus a square root of B squared minus four AC all over two A. So let's simplify, and then we'll talk about the quadratic formula. This is like half of a quadratic formula. So we have negative four minus a square root of, and then this gives us sixteen, and then I like to have you solve them like this. Minus and then four times one would be four times negative three, and four times negative three would be negative twelve. And then all over two, two times one, and we're almost there. Negative four minus the square root of sixteen, but minus a negative is the same thing as plus twelve all over two. So we have negative four minus the square root of twenty-eight all over two. That would be as simple as we need to get it. So it's underneath the radical, this four X squared minus four times one times negative three in our case, or just B squared minus four AC, that's called the discriminant. And then discriminant is kind of nice, because it tells us what kinds of answers we're going to have. If it's a positive number like what we have here, you'll have two real solutions. Now, and the one we just did, we don't, because we did half of a quadratic formula. But if you remember, it says plus or minus the square root. So we can add the square root and subtract the square root, and that gives us two answers. If it's zero, well, the square root of zero is just zero. So we know we're going to have one real solution. And if it's a negative number, again, we can't take the square root of a negative number, so we know that we have no real solution. So let's try. And if we look at this, A is the coefficient on X squared, so that would be one. B is the coefficient on X, so that's five. C is the constant, which is six, and negative B, just because that's part of our formula. If this is B, then negative B is going to be negative five. So X is equal to, and then we have negative B, so negative five, plus or minus the square root of B squared, so five is our B squared, minus, and then in Barakas we have four times A, which is one, times C, which is six, and then all over two times A, which is two times one. So that's negative five, plus or minus the square root of, now we'll simplify, five square root is 25, minus, and in the Barakas here we have four times one is four times six is 24, all over two times one are just two. So we have negative five, plus or minus the square root of, 25 minus four would be one over two, and I'm running out of space, so I'm going to go across. That's negative five, but the square root of one we happen to know is one. And when you get rid of the radical you've got extra work to do. This means we have negative five plus one over two, and we have negative five minus one over two. So negative five plus one is going to be negative four over two, which is negative two. And negative five minus one will give us negative six over two, which will be negative three. Try again. A is one, B is negative six, oh wait a minute, it said it had to be equal to zero. So we can't tell what our constant is yet because it has to go to the other side. We really need to rewrite it as y squared minus six y, and then add the nine to both sides equal to zero. So the A is still one, and my B is still negative six, but now I know my C is positive nine, and just because the formula has negative B in it, I might be helpful to just list it. This is negative six, so negative B, or the opposite of B would be a positive six. So x is equal to, and then we have our B, negative B, which is going to be six, plus or minus the square root of six, which is our B squared, actually negative six squared, sorry about that, minus, and then in brackets four times A, which is one, times C, which is positive nine, and that's all over two times that one. So six plus or minus the square root of, and then negative six squared is positive thirty-six, and then four times one is four times nine is thirty-six, all over two. So six plus or minus the square root of, that's thirty-six minus six is zero, all over two. So it's really just six over two. I'm just going to add and subtract zero, which always will give me six, so I have three. Remember when the discriminant was zero, we had one answer, and that's what we got. So we come in here now and look at this one. Again, we have to get everything to one side. It doesn't matter what side we take it to, especially when we're doing the quadratic formula. When we're factoring, we like to keep the x squared term positive, but if I just move this one term, I'm only moving one thing, less chance of error. So I'm going to subtract two x squared from both sides. That gives me zero over here, equal to negative four x, that's a four, plus seven, that's a seven, minus two x squared. Now I did that on purpose because what is a? A is the coefficient on x squared, so it's negative two. What is b? b is the coefficient on x, which is that negative four. It's not the first term, second term, third term, it's coefficients. And then c is going to be our constant, which is going to be seven. And negative b is going to be, or the opposite of b, would be a positive four. So here we go again. This is equal to negative b, so that's the four, plus or minus the square root of b squared, negative four squared, minus, and then in brackets, four times a, which is negative two, times c, which is seven, got a little more work to do this time, all over two times a, which is negative two. So four, plus or minus the square root of negative four squared is sixteen, four times negative two is negative eight times seven, and negative eight times seven is going to give us a minus a negative 56, all over two times negative two, which would be negative four. So four, plus or minus the square root of, and minus a negative becomes plus a positive. So I'm adding 16 and 56. So that gives me 12, carry the one, six, seven, 72, all over negative four. And for me, I'm okay to leave it here. You can't simplify radicals, but we are not going to talk about simplifying radicals so we can just leave it like this. It's not a perfect square, so I can't take the square root, so I'll just leave it like that.


eneral fund but it's to approve the ssa to have these positions in partnership with cabrillo this mo you was approved on june 8th 2022 for the the exact partnership and this is just the next part to approve the ssa so that we can continue to have these student support specialists in our college and career center supporting our students questions yes do we have any public speakers to this item we do not see none i'll bring it back to the board any questions comments trustee funds so you mentioned that this is um the the positions are being funded by cabrillo they're just utilizing our space um so what exactly does this budget that says unbudgeted but it would come from a grant you said correct so um if i misspoke i apologize it's it's the positions are being funded in partnership from the grant and the grant awards both pvusd and cabrillo money to expand all of their programming especially those cte pathways and it's um so one of the outlining targets in the grant is to increase the the cabrillo enrollment and one way to do that is to ensure that we have a cabrillo supports student support specialist right in our schools because truth of the matter is you know our counselors at our schools always want to help our students with that but they don't always know all of the pathway and their first priority does have to be the students right in front of them and their their high school um success so this was the the idea that came up collaboratively to make sure that we can service the students okay i think it's a great idea and of course you know would look but just to do our due diligence so what exactly is this almost 300 000 going to as you mentioned that it's for the site service agreement so that's to pay the for the three um for the three site um student support specialists because we have one at aptos one at wastrel high school and one at pd high school and that is for the three years the next three years so that's separate from the position that cabrillo will be that you said cabrillo would be paying so and i apologize um because i am definitely i am a part of running the college and career center and making sure that we have the vision and we're providing the best services we can to our students i did not write this grant so i can definitely come back and answer that question but it's the the tricky part is it's not cabrillo is not paying from their general friend fund pvusd is not paying from their general fund there's this big uh grant that pvusd and cabrillo have applied to applied for together and received and the money is coming straight from that grant to just further elaborate to fund the entirety of it correct yes and it funds actually more things the grant is actually bigger than this amount um because it it also helps the cte pathways we were here just maybe a month ago talking about some of that um to make sure that there's alignment across and lots of choices and clear pathways for students so this is just one component of that grant thank you and i'm sorry i just had that elaborating part off of that response so but i'll bring it back to other board members yes trustee below yeah thank you i'm just curious about what are our numbers of our kids enrolling at cabrillo in the last recent years i apologize i don't have that with me but i'm happy to get that to you that'd be cool i know i've heard cabrillo's enrollment is down and i think a lot of community colleges colleges are because of the pandemic and recovery from that i'm just wondering what are longer we have a very high percentage of students from all of our high schools going to cabrillo cabrillo loves the pvusd we are their number one district far and away in this county and what you're talking about is also a decline in the state universities but we can get those numbers that's easy yeah i was just going to echo that that's at the university level across the board and that's it's not even isolated to our region and state of california it's a it's a national issue the declining enrollment and higher ed if i might just add how many of them are finishing the rates of success that cabrillo would be good to know if we're i don't know if we're tracking that but that would be we like to do that trustee to serve it i was just going to comment on the cabrillo stuff we've gotten reports in the past that have basically outlined every kid that's gone there and and if they're successful etc so we can we can certainly get that from them but it's free so i mean it's a it's really an unbelievable deal for kids their first two years are completely no cost do we need a motion for this oh motion would you yes motion to approve like to make a motion to approve we have a first can i have a second second um was there any other comments from any other board members or questions okay so we have a first and a second so i'll call for the vote all those in favor all right any opposed see none the motion passes 601 thank you Chrissy for me this evening thank you now you can have a good night all right i had a 10.5 approved notice of award for Pajaro Pajaro middle school exterior painting project number 2023072 this report will be presented by our director of maintenance operations and facilities Herlindo Fernandez welcome good evening president Acosta interim superintendent checkman board of trustees cabinet my name is Herlino Fernandez and i'm the director of maintenance and operations i'm happy to please um to bring forward this project Pajaro middle school exterior painting this project is funded by maintenance funding on august 25th the district advertised the power middle exterior painting project a bid walk was held on the 29th of august and on september 19th there was two the districts have been received two sealed bids from the following contractors color nuke company came in at $242,000 premiere builders came in at $158,301 i'm here to ask for the approval so we could continue with the contract for Pajaro middle school exterior painting for premiere builders thank you do we have um any public speakers to this item we do not see none i'll bring it back to the board for comments or questions trustee i'm sorry trustee so i'm looking at you and i'm just not saying your name what color are we painting Pajaro pink and purple polka dots it's it's not staying the same right um we're going to make it lively and liven up the neighborhood correct we're we're going to change the colors on it right now we're working on the rendering so we don't have the colors picked yet but we are going to change the colors on it make it entertaining yep what was there any other comments from any of our rooms was just something i was going to note about that comment that a lot of um schools um i've seen in different areas and we do the same at the university right we'll paint in tones similar to the colors of that school so is that a possibility like at least accenting tones maybe for trims and such so is that a possibility for consideration since we're going in this endeavor and i'm not even sure what the those colors are but i'm not sure if you know i would green and yellow green and yellow yeah i went to a hard school it's a green and yellow so we have a possibility or is that drive up the cost no i mean we have a green roof right now and a green trim so it's it is already in there so we're trying to get some colors that go with that it's a little hard which we're we're going into the gray tones but i didn't really like the rendering so we're trying to choose some other colors that are look good in that area just because a lot of the buildings around there or they're coming up with new colors and you know we want to brighten up that area too and we want to make it look different so when the kids come back and we've painted the same color it's going to look pretty much the same and they're not going to notice much of a difference so we're trying to make a an impact when they come back what's i'm saying if you paint the body yellow and the trim green you'll make a statement and then and then with that gem being art deco with all those ornate pieces on there that's already outlined right now but if you get someone there to detail all the little oh yeah that's part of the scope we gotta we're gonna come in there and detail that that art deco that's in the gem yeah so they can stand out that would really stand out yep especially on the the street side yeah we're also picking up the ornamental fencing too give it another coat of black paint so it stands out as well so uh trusty belano scout i'm just curious it's a big gap between the two bids what's what what gives there i mean what what's up is there a labor probably bigger companies too i mean the company color new i think they're out of uh san francisco area maybe and then this one's premier building is out of gilroy more local we do a lot of business with them yeah we do i'll make a motion to prove it sounds good to me you just stripped that from trusty sultan oh i'm sorry i'll second it all right so we have a first and a second uh i'll call for a vote all those in favor aye aye any opposed seen none motion carries six zero one happy painting thank you president costa can i make a quick comment sure yes usually these items are on the consent agenda and we agree to keep this in the public's eye we want this world to see what's going on with pahero middle and maybe now based on your conversation we'll get calls from the community with some color suggestions thanks arlando really appreciate it looking forward to that job all right thank you guys thank you okay moving on to um our consent agenda these are items that are routine items coming before the board are there any public speakers to our consent agenda there's not okay seen none are there any items that any board member wishes to uh defer or pull see none then can um i have a motion to approve the consent agenda as is motion to approve our consent agenda tonight i have a first second trustee sit to second i have a first and a second all those in favor aye any opposed okay seen none it motion carries six zero one moving on yes to our report out of closed session let me switch gears and switch hats um all right on closed session item 2.2 i move to approve the certificated personnel report as presented by district administration on november 8th 2023 with four and three additional action items and i'll need a second the second sorry Olivia you can't ever you call the drill for it's okay i have a first and a second all those in favor aye opposed none motion carries six zero one on closed session item 2.3 2.3 i move to approve the classified personnel report as presented by district administration on november 8th 2023 with 15 and five additional action items i need a second a second i have a first and a second all those in favor any opposed seeing none the motion carries six zero one and i have a few announcements out of closed session um our announcement one the peharo valley unified school district is pleased to announce the selection of rich moran as the new director of el a social studies and ethnic studies rich has been serving students since 2005 as a teacher at pv high extended learning coordinator at pv high assistant principal at aptos high and pv high principal at aptos junior high and most recently the principal at mini white elementary rich holds a bachelor's of science from cal poly san luis abispo a single subject credential and biological science from cal poly san luis abispo and a master's degree in education leadership and an an administrative credential from san jose state university we are excited to welcome this highly accomplished administrator to his new role welcome rich moran announcement number two the peharo valley unified school district is pleased to announce the selection of iven rodriguez as the new assistant principal of peharo valley high school iven has been working with students since 2006 as a special education teacher at the monterey county office of education as a special education teacher in the alicell union school district and most recently as the assistant principal for educational services in the alice sal union school district iven holds a bachelor of arts from csu mb a education specialist credential and a master's of arts and administrative services credential from grand canyon university we are well or we are pleased to welcome iven to pbsd and his new role go grizzlies and welcome iven rodriguez welcome and our next upcoming board meeting if i just check my calendar and confirm i believe it is december six wednesday december sixth we look forward to seeing you all then and with that i will adjourn this meeting at 10 o five p m have a good night everyone and thank you for being here


Good morning Bambubi, good morning Also, okay, ready to rock and roll? Yeah, good morning guys, welcome back to our Guinness World Record attempt to become the youngest player to circumnavigate the globe by motorcycle. We're here in the beautiful area of Kapadokia in Turkey and we have woken up before sunrise because we are going to see a beautiful amazing spectacle this morning and I'm still a little bit sick, my nose is blocked up but anyway we've woken up at 5 a.m so that we can get to a really nice spot and see a whole bunch of balloons taking off for sunrise. How did you sleep? I don't know, I think I slept all right actually.  It's definitely a little bit too early. Apparently in like 15 minutes as soon as they all take off it's kind of all over and then we can just go back to bed. So it's pretty busy in town this morning, look at all these tourist trucks about. Yeah it's a good sign that there will be balloons this morning. Yeah because apparently if there's high winds everything gets cancelled and everybody wakes up for no reason so we really don't want that but yeah it looks like everybody's out and about so I think it's going to happen. So I think the sunrise is at 6.30, we set our alarm for 5 o'clock and now it's 5.40 actually so it's not too bad. It's a normal working day hey. Just another day at the office. Okay so this is the area that we came to yesterday where we came into town and we're going to head to the same area because we reckon that's where all the balloons are going to fly from. That's also where this tourist truck is headed so it's got to be the right way. Oh yeah look they're already starting to inflate the balloons. Yes cool nice look at that they're all here. Just take it nice and easy there's a little bit of sand on the on the road but it's not too bad. Look there's balloons here there's balloons here wow there's balloons everywhere so it's definitely happening this morning wow this is so different to where we came here yesterday hey yeah whoa this is crazy yeah everything is happening now hey that's not a bad place to be is it? The balloon is popping air at the end of the balloon and they're getting bigger and bigger. Sound cool.   We're starting to launch up in the air now everywhere all around us this place is so incredible there are so many and you can see people doing photo shoots over there like a girl with a really nice dress amazing what a place what a place what a place wow look there what a scene hey what a scene incredible there's so many balloons here so many wow that's really insane very good wow incredible thank you so much oh these guys just brought us tea that's lovely thank you so much one thing here in Turkey is for sure that you can drink as much tea as you want hey guys this is the reason why I love traveling I love it so much it's not everywhere in the world you can see this the Turkish people that just created something really really really incredible here it's like the best idea ever I would love to work here you know I want to work here I want to see this every day it's like a dreamland guys I don't know what's happened over there but there seems to be a lot of smoke coming from this area I really hope that it's not a balloon alright it's time to head back to the campsite because I am hungry it's time for breakfast and coffee so first I'm just going to get down this hill without Lavi so I'm just going to basically just try and ride a sort of line down here whoo haha nice I think I hit the bash plate on a rock there's nothing new dripping is there yeah looking all right okay nice and look these guys are landing here as well wow amazing that is so magical to be just riding right next to a hot air balloon or next to a million hot air balloons oh they had a coffee van here the whole time oh okay let's go slow here yeah yes yes yes wow look at this scene guys look at it ah I can't get over this vista here really I can't get over it I think we should move to Kabadurcha yeah I wonder how many times you would have to see this before it would get boring never so what was this building that was on fire I don't know I don't know but I think there were definitely some balloons with some issues that they couldn't fly too much oh I can see the fire people just there okay must have been there yeah but yeah wow look haha yeah that was definitely waking up at 5 a.m. 4 that was that was a magical experience oh for this I would wake up at 2 a.m. 2 oh I don't know about 2 2 a.m. look at these guys they're just hovering hovering over the town so now we're actually going to check out the panorama view from our campsite and see if we can still see something some balloons up in the air this guy's going on a run this morning there you go what watch the balloons at sunrise go for a 5k run I thought that's what we were going to do no no I'm going to go sit down for the rest of the day have a coffee can see loads of cave houses here in fact nearly every single rock in this whole area is a cave house let me open the gate for you yeah all right yeah let's have some breakfast and a coffee then hey we are everything gone from the camp yep looks good leave no trace guys take only photographs leave only footprints it's not really a catchy song thank you my love hello good boy good good doggy hello hello bye bye ready three two one go okay unfortunately as beautiful as this valley is it is time to leave oh yeah I know but hey we saw exactly what we came here to see totally totally successful we were there with all the balloons around us yeah and that's the important thing we came here we saw it we got the t-shirt and now it's time to move on so let me show you guys where we're heading today so we are here and today we're going to be following the 300 to the city of Gonya and then the 330 followed by the 687 towards the coast and on to the city of Antalya so if all goes well today it's going to be our last ride of this leg before we take a break in Antalya to do some editing and also we're going to be giving bumblebee a service we're going to be maybe changing the tires we're going to have to see the tread when we get there going to be looking at this front right fork seal because it is leaking a little bit so maybe changing that out changing the oil preparing bumblebee for the last last last leg of this journey oh my god yeah pretty much from Antalya the last service that should take us all the way home I think that'll be it we can just ride ride ride all the way back to England incredible and I'm really impressed as well because if we make it today to Antalya we are actually one day earlier than expected whoa look at us ahead of schedule yes so we just stopped at a petrol station just outside of Kapadokia and we saw this little thing and we decided to buy it look it's a little balloon how cool is that yeah we thought you know we're nearly home now we can just buy all the trinkets we want start getting a lot of souvenirs how cute so we have to basically just just hang it from somewhere hopefully it's last it's lunch time so we just stopped on the side of the road here this little place looks like it's got kebabs and lentil soups and all of the Turkish goodies yes perfect two one chicken kebab yes all right oh let me see whoa this looks like baklava covered in chocolate whoa look at that perfect thank you we just ordered two lentil soup and one chicken kebab and they're just bringing out things you know like salads and more salads and sauces and bread look how full the table is so no matter what you order in a Turkish restaurant you'll always be completely stuffed because they give you like a whole tub of bread look all you can eat baklava yeah ice baklava okay like cold milk okay we try two thank you i ordered two but we got like two portions of four they said it's like milk baklava so that's good to go i think there's kakao on top yeah it's like baklava 2.0 and we have done actually quite good we have done nearly 200 miles but we have still 109 miles to go so actually google is still estimating it will take us another two hours and 50 minutes yeah but to give ourselves motivation we have already booked our accommodation in Antalya yes basically to force ourselves to get there today exactly oh wow look at this ahead looks nice but yeah otherwise it's a lot of straight road a lot of farmland right and left like i wouldn't say it's the most spectacular ride today but it does look like on the map that it might get a bit more mountainous like at the very end just before we hit the coast so i'm kind of hoping that we get like a last really nice spectacular part but we'll see anyway for now we're just making some distance cruising along and ollie has to rest tomorrow the whole day just in bed hey yeah absolutely then we get better soon no i can't believe like on our around the world tour how often we got sick like literally at first every continent as soon as we reach another continent we got sick and then often as well when we change countries hey yeah every now and again it just comes back i shake hands with somebody and then suddenly i'm sick again yeah but anyway that's why we're going to be resting up in Antalya we booked our accommodation for the next five nights so that's really good should give us a chance to do some editing and to really just rest recover and also get pambu dia serviced a recovery for us and a recovery for bumblebee exactly oh yes this is what i'm talking about we've reached some mountains so these are the tourist mountains we're going to be crossing these to reach the south coast so this should be a pretty cool part of the ride hey guys editing ollie here whilst we cruise our way through these spectacular mountains i wanted to tell you guys about this video sponsor on vacation doctor and their super handy app for people traveling the world like us the on vacation doctor app connects you to top english speaking doctors in any country in the entire world including here in turkey they even have 140 doctors listed in antalya alone just put in your location and this app provides you with the name location and phone number of the closest english speaking doctor to you it also provides local ambulance fire and police numbers as well as the local us embassy address and phone number but the awesome thing about this app is that it's absolutely free to use for the first six months and then only 499 for the next six months so super helpful and super affordable show your support for our sponsor by downloading the app for free today by clicking the link in the description below now back to the video oh thank you very much beautiful so we're just on our last break now we have an hour and a half more to go i've baked pain i have everything paid and i'm just eating some cookies and i got the leftover salad from our lunch can't go wrong with that there's such beautiful mountains around here though in this last bit here take a look at this oh i nearly fell over just beautiful pine forests rocky mountains it's like it's a really nice set of mountains and i'm absolutely shattered absolutely shattered shattered because i can't do it and i'm absolutely shattered absolutely william shattered guys we could see already the Mediterranean sea yeah we're just winding our way down the other side of the mountains and we could just catch a glimpse of it all the way down there we're going to antalya and the Mediterranean sea nice what a ride the mountains of turkey so we have reached the outskirts of antalya finally it's currently quarter past six and the sun's getting super low in the sky and it's busy yeah there's so much traffic going into antalya so much traffic yeah we are not the only ones who want the beach holiday and also it's super hot here 31 degrees down by the coast here and it's humid yeah we felt it when we came down from the mountains suddenly it was like whoa oh it's been a long day 309 miles on the road crazy stuff man yeah i mean we woke up at 5 a.m yeah that's 13 hours ago bad yeah d to the e to the d hey exactly d to the a to the d dad hi dad anyway we're battling our way through the traffic yeah and doing this ride in one day means that we get an extra day off so tomorrow we're having a nice proper day off so it'll be worth it once we get to the hotel anyway we've just got 6.3 miles of traffic to battle through and then we're there wow i think we are really really like in the city center yeah we are literally in the center of antalya now we must have booked our hotel like right in the middle oh man why do we do these things hey this last couple of miles has been tough going and hot yeah but maybe we can eat a lentil soup here where just here on the corner i'm sold we are so close now yeah but it really took forever absolutely forever yeah this last bit was ridiculous oh my lord it's now exactly sunset so that means we've pretty much been out and about on bumblebee from sunrise to sunset the whole day crazy stuff crazy stuff okay we're down to feet now it's telling us feet 328 feet surprisingly accurate okay nest nest nest nest nest nest there are here okay looks like we made it we're made it happy the life and exhausted man that was a really really long ride before sunrise until after sunset i think that's probably one of the first times we've ever done that but wow it was totally worth it it was one of my favorite days by far it was just so incredible to see all the air balloons rising up in the morning like oh my god yeah that was one of the most magical experiences i'm so happy that we have like a super nice room here actually it's nice and quite big as well so we can have a really nice rest here for a few days get a lot of editing work done and also bring bumblebee to a garage bit of tlc for bumblebee and me and lovey and that's it from us today we hope you enjoyed the video if so please give us a thumbs up subscribe to the channel share the video with your friends and family comment below and if you really really really like our videos you can join us on patreon the link is in the description below we will see you next time yeah nice


Fe ydych yn ffordd ond wrth i'runkwladu Rydych yn rhoi treff awtodd fel flynydd ar hyn o fewn am Gwynedd Gyrain y Prifysgr Tob���f ym Milfaeth 25 Ar hyn. A oedodd yr acedigaf syniad yr gfind ateb bolyw bidw i panesio maedfa ar hyn Scer lengthy Now go and Maya all the names are here. The aim of the session is to take stock of the advances made in the study of the Centre of Mediterranean Prehistory in the last 25 years, capture the most innovative research being carried out these days and help share the agenda of this important field of studies for the next 25 years. Mae'n ymwneud i gafodd yn fwy o broddimistig. Mae'n fwy o'r 10 ysgrifennu, a byddwn yn fawr o'r ddysgu. Felly, y Cymru yn ymdw i'r gweithio ar hynny wedi'u gwybodaeth lluniau mae'r grwp hwnnw. Mae'r ddiwaith yn fawr o ffyrdd yn ymddiolol, sy'n gweithio'r mae'r bwysig, a'r gweithio ar gyfer bwysig, sy'n gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio, yw'r ddechrau sy'n gweithio ar y cyflogol. A dwi'n gwybod i'r ysgolwyd yma i'r ffordd y flwyddyn ymlaen o gweithio a ffostod y newid ysgolwydau a'r dweud, i gweithio'r flwyddyn yn fwy o'r ysgolwydau i'r regionau, oherwydd mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, a'r bydd ymlaen o'r cyfnodau a'r cyfnodau cyfnodau. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio, ac roeddwn i'n gweithio'n gweithio'r cyfnodau i'r 50 munud. Byddwch i ymweld, byddai i'r gweithio'r pethau, teimladau'n gweithio llwyddiadau, ac yn ymweld, yn fawr, mae'n dda i'r gweithio, mae'n ddweud o'r ddechrau, ac mae'n ddweud o'r ddweud o'r gweithio. Felly, rydyn ni'n oedd y poster, ac mae ydw i'n ddweud o'r gweithio'r poster. wrth credu'r ffordd, ac mae'n gweithio i'ch gweithio'r poster, ac mae'n ffrwy yng Nghymru'n ddiddordef ar y rymd, ond ymlaen â'r ddweud, ac yn fwy o'r ddweud. Rwy'n credu'n gofio'n meddwl y ddweud o'r seishon yw'n oed yn cael eu ddechrau, ond mae'n gweithio'r llaw o'r holl o'r yn cael eu ddweud, ond mae'n gweithio'n oed yn cael eu ddweud. Mae'n ddych chi'n ei ddifêr o'i wneud, ac mae'n ddegwch i'r gweithio yma, a'r ddweud hynny, wedi'i'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio, y ddweud hynny, y ddweud hynny. Efallai'n ddweud hynny'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Mae 3 cyfnod hynny. Ac yndog, yw hi'n gweld cyfnod hynny. Cymru cyfnod yn hollb bod yn cofnol yn ddigonol. Mae'r cerddau cyfnod hynny, ei cofeiydd fod ein naum yng Nghaerffordd. Mae'r cyfnod yn cyfnod. Mae'r cynnodech chi. Mae'r cynnodech chi'n cynnodech chi'n cefnod. Mae'r cerddau yma yn yng nghyddiadau'r f Guardian. Mae'r cerddau mewn gyfnod yma yn ei gynnig y dyfanydd oedd. The loose organization of presentations, and the main thing is to foster a debate across those disciplinary areas and period panels. So it's not certain in chronological order or any geographical order either. Felly, yn ffawr i ddisodd mewn ysgolwydd i'w byswyd ni'n gweithio'r seffon o'r ffordd, ydych chi'n meddwl i'r ffordd o'r hanes o'r gael ar gyfer llwyddiadau ar gyfer llwyddiadau, oherwydd yma yma yma yw 25 yr ysgol. Mae'n mynd i chael'r Ysgolwyd Bolwydd EAA yw eu cyhoeddiadau yn y Ysgolwyd 1990 a'u wneud o'r wneud i'w ddweud i fryd o'r llwyddiadau ar gyfer llwyddiadau ar gyfer llwyddiadau. Mae'r bwysig yn ddod i'r hyffordd yma sy'n bryd 25 oed yn oed yn gweithio ar gyfer y rhan, yn ymgyrch yma, yn ymgyrch am ymgyrch, ond yn ymbydd yma mae'r ysgrifennu yn ymgyrch. Yma, yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch ar eu syniadol, yn ymgyrch yn Ysgrifennu, yn ymgyrch, yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, On i ni'n dweud wrth bydd teimlo, yn cael ei wneud beth cwylau amferio'n mynd felly gweithio'n gynwedigau o bach ysgrif этомau a gwrando'r cyllid o aturdodau, rwy'n mynd i gynnwys i'r bach yr hynny. On i ni'n wedi gweithio, opent yn dweud, y ffrindiad lleol o'r ffferd trwy'r hollig mluol, ond anodd bynnwyd yn oed o'n wleisio. Rhyn yn y gweithio arno, os ymniffyryd o'r ffrindiad, rydyn ni i ddweud y mynd i oddploddwymi. Mae'n mynd i'r adreft er oeddaelol yn ddiweddol, wedi gael ei bod ni'n ddweud, efallai fyddech chi'n gweld mewn i'r prenodydd. Hynny, mae'r ddiaboddwympwyr yn ddau'r ddim wlad yn ei gweithiau dros ynteill yma y Welch. Mae coal oeddaeth a'u gyffredinodaeth gyd yn ddweud, bywyd yn ddweud maen nhw deithas a ddweud bod nhw mewn gweld cyfryddol i'r ddweud. ond dyfodd. Suporwadwy i'w amdweud... Felly ond, dyna'r symud, dyna'r gwith gweithfyrdd neu ond ferwodd gan drws ff 안 didd. The group to study meant a specific, very narrow thing. It consisted of the classify, drawing and making sense of the stuff through comprehensive aim to establish chronological and cultural frameworks for this thing. Mae'r rheswm wedi gweithio am bobl hwnnw yn gweithio'r gwaith, ac mae'r gweithio'r gwaith mae'r ddweud eich bod yn cael eu gwithafolau gwahanol ar y llyniadau cyfnodolol a'r cyfnodol o llyniadau cyllideb yn y dyfynol. Felly mae'r gweithio'r gwaith o'r cwld, ac mae'r gwaith fod yn gynyddu, mae'n gweithio'r gwaith yn gweithio'r gwaith ymdweud. new ideas were of course already stirring back then and new methods were being applied but often in its sort of disorderly and intellectually innocent way radio carbon for example was growing in importance at the time but people were not totally clear about what to do with the new dates that were coming coming out thick and fast or another example a new interest in landscape archaeology was growing at the time all of a sudden everyone was doing landscape and gis of course I was still stuck with pottery um or other scientific methods were applying were being applied to archaeological problems yet the problems themselves were often um were often the same as before social complexity state formation things that had been debated since the 1980s and still dominated the research agenda in later prehistory it was very much a case of new methods being applied to old problems and science playing a secondary or ancillary role to archaeology not driving the agenda and if you think about the role of science now 25 years on with the scientists in the front seat and the archaeology struggle to get control of of the steering wheel it's very much uh uh it's it's sort of an inversion of roles so so things have changed a lot um it was also a world in which debate followed national agendas and country boundaries by larger and consider how the new social problems that started being debated in Britain at the time gendered the body the ancestors were largely ignored in Italian and other continental research traditions and in these areas too of course we have made enormous strides so Marianne is now presenting some of these uh some of these strides and breakthroughs of the last 20 years. Yeah thanks Andrea yeah we what what I'd like to talk about today is um some of the most relevant advances that we have made in this field in the past 25 years this in this respect obviously I'm going to speak about archaeological science first which moved forward significantly because methods have improved analytical cost drop down and procedure have increased and experts in the field have managed to probably more than elsewhere in archaeology to share data and information in the best interest of the discipline for example through data repositories, web platforms etc etc as an example in this case for example Pinazio now and Intel's work in 2015 on optimal DNA yield linked to extraction from the precious bone has boosted ancient DNA projects that have increased by over 300% in the last 15 five years and I'm saying 300% but really I think it's more than that so it's quite it's quite interesting this has however triggered some legitimate second thoughts on the utility and purpose of destructive analysis only a few years a few days ago a comment on nature invited the scientific community to a greater sense of responsibility when managing ancient remains I don't know if anybody of you have read this but it's like okay it's a cautionary tale about what we should do with the bones whether we should use them simply or maybe think twice before we actually go and extract DNA from everything basically but despite some criticism it is beyond doubt that the past 25 years have witnessed a transition of archaeological science from the ancillary role of providing data to support bigger questions to a milieu where actually questions are formed shaped and sometimes revolutionized through science the interest of the scientific community in the discipline is also witnessed by the increasing number of journals on the subject we have now become a desired target for publication for most of us from isolated case studies we have refined our sample strategy humans and foreigners then botanical remains then further compounds we have also widened our research horizons that went from it for example extremely small scale resolution to large cultural phenomena the use of archaeological science in fact has triggered new debates precisely in the central Mediterranean I should say where evidence of the consumption of new or different resources for example appear to be a key issue let's think about the middle paleolithic and the full consumption around Europe or the millet question that we all know know about then connectivity has grown into one of the main subjects of research discussing in the central Mediterranean region following suggestion firstly advanced by Ngha Mblaid some 15 years ago which in turn were based on the seminal work by historians Hauden and Purcell connectivity has in fact developed into a meta theme for research in the Mediterranean for history complementing other strands of social and economic studies and creating a new paradigm for explaining several interrelated social dynamics in the prehistory of the middle sea network approaches developed in the last few years have provided the opportunity to formalize analysis of ancient connectivity in a way that can help scholars formulate new research question and hypothesis the starting point of this approach is that connection are more sorry are more important than individual identities this has paid a major role in revitalizing traditional typological work extending its exploratory and explanatory power to previously understudied social dynamics and yet this new interest in network analysis carries the risk of losing sites of human agency and social dynamics behind nodes and edges can network try without some sort of theoretical assumption and explicit ideas about high society work in the effect of interaction the answer is probably no and one of the future challenges we face is to inject network analysis with new explanatory models regarding prehistoric society another theme developed in the last 25 years is island archaeology and seascape in the 1990 research approaches still had a processional outlook with a strong emphasis on model testing quantification and generalization considerable weight has placed on ecological and environmental factors the last two decades have seen new definition of seascape behind introduced emphasising the behaviour and perception of the people living on island the same years saw a collapse of faith in the biogeographic notion of island as bound in naturally defined areas for investigation one of the most important studies in this respect is that of Helen Dawson which explores the complexity of Mediterranean islands colonization looking into multi-factor explanation and previously neglected demographic issue there are of course many other themes and problems that were newly explored in the last 25 years but we have no time to touch upon all of them here many of these will be discussed in the following papers along with new data and research I mean you instead are being opened just now so thank you