This is all very exciting. Thank you. Thank you all for coming to a session that's contending for the longest titled session at a Drupal con ever. And I apologize for that. The main fact is how do you know that gal knows Drupal? Sorry, I need to speak less into it. And by really what it's about is towards, what's putting forward some ideas towards an open curriculum and an open certification system for the Drupal community. Now, you can actually follow, keep notes and make comments. We set up this etherpad area. So if you go to etherpad.com. For example, Drupal cert, it's just kind of like a live area as these things go. So just go ahead and feel the free to put questions in there, make comments, anything you would like. This is what it looks like if you go to that. And please enter your name here so that we know who those comments are coming from. You don't have to do it, but you can do it just so we can later on keep commenting that way. All right. And then later on we will have a discussion, we'll start a discussion at Drupal.groups, the groups at Drupal.org on the curriculum and training group. So let me first introduce ourselves. My name is Dominic Lukesh. I've been with Drupal for a while. This is if you think about the sort of what you know about people in the Drupal community. Well, I have a certified to rock score four. I've been doing it since 2006. I've started a few groups on groups.drupal.org.  I've installed Drupal in many, many times in many different ways.  Some of them Drupal, some of them WordPress. So that's the sort of thing you might want to know about somebody in Drupal like me. And right now I work for dyslexia action. Now. Hi, and my name is Heather James. And you can find me on Twitter as learning Drupal. I'm Heather on D.O., but on IRC I'm nearly there because I didn't kind of, I don't have a consistent identity online. My certified to rock score is six and I really throw off the curve because I consider myself the eternal noob. I've been using Drupal. I started as the cheap option working for not-for-profits and now Drupal is the main part of my job. I administer to groups on Drupal.org and I've run some camp sessions. I've helped co-organize local groups and I have no idea how many different modules I've installed and tried. I work for Acquia in case that isn't obvious by the slide. Okay. So can we just maybe get a quick sense of who you are just, I mean not personally individually but if you raise your hand if you're a Drupal trainer. All right. That looks like about just as a record it looks like a majority of people. Yeah, which is as expected. Anybody here who works, who teaches Drupal in a formal education like schools, universities. So three or four people. Anybody who has experience with certification programs. Either taking certain, five or six. And anybody who is here as a potential consumer of a certification program who would like to administer it or take it or hire people based on certifications. Yeah. And I'm sure about eight. So there's a nice kind of a Spanish wave going through here. And so again, if you want to introduce yourself say a little bit more about what you're interested in and you can go to the ether pad and make some notes there. Make a nice summer record. So this is what we're gonna talk about. We're quickly just talk about some of the key terms because there's a lot of confusion in terminology. Then Heather will talk about the context of the community as we see it at the moment. And then she will quickly go through a bunch of different models of certifications other open source communities and non open source, non communities have used. Then I will go through some ideas. I call it mostly some sort of preliminary ideas for what an open certification program could look like. That would kind of go nicely with the ethos of the community. And then at the end we're hoping to have some space for discussion. And we're also started a buff that follows the session immediately. So if anybody will be interested we can just go over to the buff area and just gonna keep on talking there if anybody's interested. So I've been kind of around all these discussions about curriculum and Drupal and certification. There's a lot of terms that gets thrown around that very often people sort of mean different things by their certification, curriculum accreditation and all of these things kind of get confused. So the way we start off with a curriculum is not a syllabus. It's not just a set of materials as many people refer to it. It's not just a course. And curriculum in the sense that we mean it defines competencies on which you build a syllabus and on which you can then build some materials to run a course. So it's something that comes before all of these other things. It's kind of a foundation for the educational environment. Now curriculum also needs to account for the fact that learning and knowledge is not linear. So whereas some basic knowledge can take you weeks to achieve or days even, then as you go along there's simply no way to achieve knowledge in kind of a linear fashion as you know if you've been around for years the way the knowledge kind of expands in an exponential way. And it's very often very often difficult to account for the types of knowledge people have at this stage of their careers because they haven't just followed the kind of building blocks progression. Now as I mentioned the curriculum as being defined by competencies very often and then these comments should relate to the real life that people, real life needs of people. And then if they're good competencies then they should be linked to some particular learning materials that then can be easily and also they should be easily assessed. So for instance let me just give you some examples. So of a competency, so install Drupal 6 on a lamp server or select and install appropriate modules for Drupal 6 to enable listing of content.  Well you cannot really build and you cannot build particular materials, you cannot really easily assess this in a way that you can say this person actually knows this partly because of that sort of funnel thing as well. Now I just want to acknowledge for any sort of educational philosophers in the room, there's a lot of controversy about defining curriculum through competencies particularly through what's called behavior descriptors and I'm not actually proposing to sort of commit to a philosophy of what knowledge is and what competencies are, but I just want to acknowledge that this could be controversial but I just want to say competencies that are defined in a practical way are very suitable tools and for building a curriculum and having discussions about and that's kind of what I'm talking about. Now certification is the other concept, very often it's people just think of it as an exam or as a course or some sort of an accreditation. So it's really not any of these things the way we talk about it. It is basically what you might call what I sort of define is there's a statement by a trusted body about the level of competence of a person who carries a certification. So that basically means it's all about trust. Somebody says about something about somebody and you trust that person who's saying that. So that's the key thing. Whereas if you just kind of define certification as some sort of a test, well very often these tests or assessments are just kind of remind me of a voodoo doll. They're similar to the real world but you have to put a lot of faith into some sort of a magic of the testing that it actually defines that person. So actually the results on a test are kind of more similar to the doll than the person that you want to know about. And so however and the certification doesn't have to be based on a unitary assessment. It can be based on tests and exam results but also on observed performance, completion of a course and Heather will talk about these or portfolio or just a membership in an organization.  So again it's the next chain in the trust and we'll talk more about how the trust can work. We're fine. So Drupal up until now we really could think of people getting employment through word of mouth reference where really we always talk about the Drupal.org profile as someone's ultimate CV, a real representation of the work that they do and as vetted by the community. However today the Drupal demand really outstrips the available talent and clients are really unsure how to assess the skills of the people they want to hire or work with. And then there's many skill developers who are actually invisible because they're not participating in the community either by chance or just by the work that they're doing. And developers themselves who are new to Drupal they're not really sure how to start learning Drupal and then experienced developers are really unsure of where to go next. And so we see this coming up time and again. So we could really think about this issue of certification in terms of the context of these different perspectives. So from the new Drupalist perspective how can I get started or what's next for me for the community? How can we validate this person's skills and then what needs are there in the community right now? And then from a client perspective how can I find the right person and who am I looking for? And there has been a great effort in training up until now. There's a lot of development shops they share their development expertise and offer public and private training. They're either using their custom made materials or they're using some of the great books out there as textbooks and yet people are going into the training and there's really no way to see what those people have done and how they're accumulating their skills. And there are also as an alternative to that a lot of Drupal training is available online. There's plenty of free resources out there. There's primary sources, there's Learn by the Drop, Drupal Dojo, there's many different aggregators out there as well as paid resources, Drupalize Me, Build a Module, lynda.com and providing some really great chances for people to learn just as valid as classroom training. And there have been any conversations about Drupal certification right up until now and at the risk of almost glossing over it I do want to refer anyone who's watching the presentation later on or is here in the room and hasn't seen it before to go and watch the presentation of the panel on certification in Chicago. And these were three different alternatives to certification that were shown. Just as briefly Drupal Guilds was presented by Aaron Winborn and it's actually a way of bringing people into a guild system and giving them credit for the work they're doing but really a person to person system. Certified to Rock is an algorithm that uses a black box method of judging someone's public contributions and giving them a score. And Lullabot themselves also offer a certificate of attendance and Jeff spoke about that as well. Jeff Robbins, yes. So and in that Greg Nattison really gave a very good history of the certifications that were available up until now and I won't repeat everything he has to say here but there have been efforts towards Drupal certification and we're sort of, I think we're sort of like trying to continue that conversation. So one thing that hasn't been done yet is to really look at a comparison of models that are out there and think about how we can learn from other certification programs. In terms of the training and the actual assessment method, excuse me, the delivery of the assessment, there's a lot of different methods. There's paper, we think of like a paper based exam. It's consistent, there's a perception of objectivity. It can be easily translated, easily maintained updated performance based assessment is also seen as very rigorous but also very costly and portfolio based assessment is comprehensive but then there's a perception of subjectivity. All the models we'll look at have some way that they're validated. We talked about trust metrics briefly. This is the IT certification council for example. They actually help to validate the work of organizations that certify over a thousand individuals a year or something like that.  And the H certification or each sort of method we're looking at always provides some type of evidence. So either they have some type of, the organization has some type of accreditation. The learner takes an exam and there's some type of provider who's actually delivering the certification and there's some type of issuer who then verifies the certification. In fact, say if you took a Cisco certification you would be able to go check Cisco certificates.com go to verify, put in your ID number and your certification would then be validated to your potential employer for example. And each of the models we're looking at we could sort of picture it on the scale. We've got here the top skills and down to rep that means reputation and over on the right some systems are tighter and on the left some systems are looser. And we kind of can plot these on a chart later on. We can also see that some certifications where the early levels of entry for example in Cisco certification could be a lot easier and lower barrier to entry and much easier to start with where they could get more complex and more difficult later on. And we can see how we can apply that to our situation. And you may have other models as you're listening please go to ietherpad.com, Drupal cert and look at some of the topic models and see if you'd like to add some. So we've heard a little bit about some of these certifications that are available in the Linux community like the Linux Professional Institute, the Red Hat certification and Ubuntu themselves have started a certification. And they're sort of very similar to some of the commercial type certification being exam based. What I'd like to say about these here it's interesting that these are seen as valued by employers. We have to wonder as well why they're valued by employers. Cisco gives discounts to people who take their certification to their partners and more certified employees. You have the greater discounts that you can actually avail of and Adobe and Microsoft have similar types of programs. So while employers probably value them because they do give or a rigorous reputable check of someone's skills they're also valued for their reasons. So probably better for us to look at some open source models. And there are a variety of different ones we can talk about. I'd like to look at detail for a moment at type of three. Type of three is another very popular open source CMS. It's very popular in mainland Europe and it is another similar type of community. They see certification as very important for the same reasons we do. They have the type of, this is sort of like the slide you don't wanna have. It's important to take away from here is the type of three integrator is sort of a correlates to our site builder. And this person doesn't install type of three. They simply know how to configure it when it's pre-installed and it's valid for every major version and it does not expire. And the questions, there's actually guidelines for question writing and questions are submitted by people in the community. And the paper-based actually they're delivered through a paper-based examination and they're associated with all of their different types of community events and it's 200 Euro. There are some great, obviously, events within their community and yet they don't have coverage everywhere. There's none in the UK, US, or Canada. Zend is another model. It's similar to a lot of the commercial type of certification and it's large scale and it's tied very closely to their course preparation. And Umbreco is even more closely tied with our course materials to the point where you simply take the two-day course at 775 pounds and you receive your certification after completion of the course. It's a little bit like the Lullabot model of certificate of completion. Red Hat, on the other hand, if we think about that scale again or that graph, Red Hat has, for example, in the higher end, the performance-based exams. So these are similar to where someone's performing some type of task on the job and they get verified. And almost on the other end of that scale, we'll plot these in a second. We have the WordPress User Association. This actually is a paid community of different levels, basic premium sponsor. And you simply have to pay to join the community and voila, you get access to their videos. You get an official WPUA seal for your website and you get, right here, you gain community certification levels of pro and expert. I was so confused about this. In fact, of course, I contacted them and asked them what they meant. They actually really literally mean you have to pay and you get the certification. And it's actually quite simple. I'm like my throat sticking together. Oh, what a great code presenter. I came making them for water. Anyway, that's gonna get recorded great. Right, so WordPress just came out. I don't know if anyone noticed. CodePoet just came out. CodePoet is a, it's actually now, so far from something we're talking about certification, but it actually answers that question for the clients. Where can I find somebody? How can I find somebody that I can, you know, who can do the things I need, the services I need. It's quite small here. Well, we have, for example, performance and scaling, security, theme development. In order to get listed on here, one thing, first, number one, is spell WordPress, right? So anyone know how to do that? You have to make sure the detect capital P is in the middle there, and it's one word. Another thing is you have to link to your website where you actually list your WordPress services. And yet, you know, they're simply, they are, it's checked by a human, and it's really a reputation-based system. So let's see now. We've seen a couple different models. Maybe you're sharing some now. We've got Red Hat up here, which really talks about skills and a much tighter type of system. Whereas the other side of that, we have type of three, which talks about skills when it's much looser. Code poet then would be something that's really focused on reputation rather than skills, but it's much looser. We're certified to rock, focus on reputation, but we really have literally no control over it. So, how bad are we? Okay. I saved this model for the last because I find that this is a very inspiring model. It's called the Mozilla Open Badge Infrastructure, so we're gonna nickname it OB. It's quite different from any of the other systems that we've looked at, and I think it's really relevant to our open source project. And this is a sort of a schematic that they've drawn. Up here at the top, we can see some badge issuers. We have an after-school program, online learning, or a culinary institute. So you can see what they're trying to say is that there are many different ways you can gain learning. We're really moving to a life of online learning now. Or sorry, lifelong learning now. Sorry. And each one of these issuers creates a type of badge or it's a verifiable quantity. It's a quantifiable value of your abilities. And the learner can then apply for these badges. These are then submitted to this learner, and the learner then can share them in their badge backpack, which they also have control over what displays. I'm just gonna scroll down the image here. From then the badge backpack, this information can be shared through your website, through various social media profiles, and any type of resume or employment sites. And the end result then, of course, is jobs, other educational opportunities, and unlocking new privileges. It's always good to keep on thinking of the end goal for people for improving themselves. I'm gonna leave this, this is a bit about their open badge system infrastructure, if you wanna talk about that later. But there are other systems out there that are working. There is the Orchid Open Researcher Contributor ID, which simply solves the problem of trying to keep track of one's, one writer's or one author's contributions. And it's similar to that certification I mentioned about Cisco, where you have some type of verifiable certification system. They tested it internally. These are some badges, for example. You know, fellow of the arts participated in 25 design challenges. They also tested it with real people on P2PU, which is an open peer-to-peer, kind of, it's kind of like study groups online. So one of these badges they have, for example, is an open source contributor badge. And so here, someone can have a simple badge where someone just has to actually assess this challenge. Someone else, a peer, has to vote yes, one vote, and then yes, you can receive this badge. And so it's a very simple example.  Who's actually doing that? It could be, for example, a community organization. It could be a commercial training provider. It could be peers that are creating and issuing badges. We have a good example of this in the Views Bug Squad. The solution to a very unwieldy, large queue was to make it easier for people who could help triage the Views Issue queue. And over here, we see the triage tasks, which would be great novice tasks. And then over on the left, we have some developer tasks, sort of a schematic of how they're organizing their group. And that's just happening in one place in Drupal.org, but there's also a site called Open Hatch, which is about getting all types of people involved from into all different types of open source communities. My throat's sticking together again. For example, they have training missions. These were put together by a fellow who was doing a Google Summer of Code project. We've got using Diff and Patch, using Subversion, using Git, using TAR. We're training people how to do this in our Drupal community. They're doing it on an Open Hatch. What if we put people through this system here and saved, basically, didn't reinvent the wheel? We've even added some Drupal tasks. For example, we have any open issue queues marked novice. You could have more granular tasks as well. This was started by, I just think this is a kind of a little bit of a tangent, but it's worth mentioning that Ashish Leroy, he actually did a presentation called Growing the Community Through Outreach and Diversity. And he really framed the question of, how can you get people from disadvantaged backgrounds involved in open source? Why is that important for us? We want to grow the community if we're locking out or making it difficult for people from different backgrounds. We're losing the chance to grow in all directions. And yet he co-started Open Hatch and doesn't seem to really anything about diversity. And as Webchik put it, there are extremely privileged people who still can't grok how the issue queues work. So if we can solve the problem for everybody, we make it easier for everyone to get involved in open source. So we're really saying, what if the training methods were of a variety? What if there were courses? What if there was informal learning? What if there was self-directed learning? And what if there were a variety of assessment methods so that there was exams for certain people which were appropriate to what skills are being assessed, portfolios, or vouched? And what if all this information that was federated where the evidence was easy to find and also validated? So that leads on to you. Thank you. Can I just say that this is an awesome survey that Heather did and I thank you so much for doing that. I think that we'll need to revisit this perhaps many, many more times because there's just so much happening and it's so easy to think there's just one way of doing things and obviously there's so many different ways. So thank you, I've seen this before but I've seen it again, I'm even more impressed, so thank you. So I just want to talk about based on all of these issues and all the great diversity in the Drupal community and in sort of the educational and certification sphere all together, I just want to talk about some ideas that perhaps we could use to build some an open certification program, open curriculum and sort of a community-based certification for Drupal. Now I'm to subtitle here some generative metaphors and generative metaphors are metaphors that you just kind of use a metaphor to shed a light on something, not saying that something is really like something, I just kind of what if we kind of for a while imagine something as something else. So I'm not actually making a specific proposal with a set parameters, I'm just going to try to present a perspective, a different way of looking at things and hopefully we can through some discussion maybe move this forward. So let me just start with a brief story, about three years ago I was at a local college, very much like Croydon College, which is not in the UK for those of you who are from abroad, it's not a university, it's just a further education college. I was teaching a web design of substituting for somebody and I was giving a curriculum, which was fine and then some materials were the curriculum and that was in 2008 and they were suggesting that if you want to change a color you will use a font tag and then set the color on there and that was in 2009. I was just appalled, that is awful if you want to teach web design, that's wrong. So my initial instinct was I was involved in the Drupal community was how can I tell someone where is the issue queue for this sort of a problem? This is a problem with the curriculum, how do we fix it, how do we release it? And obviously I realized there isn't a way of doing that. The curriculum is controlled by a commercial enterprise, I'm not sure exactly what their legal state is, but basically they do it for profit and they sell these curricula and the certifications to colleges who then run these courses for them and they also provide the assessment and certification but they do it for, it's kind of a commercial deal. So my idea based on that thing, what if we could do curriculum development that is like open source code development. So remember this is a generative metaphor, I'm just saying let's brief a look at curriculum development and see if we can shed some different light on it through that. So how do we generate open source code? So we all know this is in the open source code it's happening in public, in the Drupal world we have some maintainers of different parts of the code, whether it's modules or now we have these initiatives. We rely on submissions of patches, of little bits of fixes for code or new code from submitters. We have different branches of development that then lead to releases that have different numbers and then we kind of know what that means. And we also have a number of compatibility devices such as automatic tests or APIs or coding standards, all of these other things that we can make sure that the code works together. Now how is curriculum developed? And this is incredibly complicated world of curriculum development. Basically it is usually public. So it's not that different because you have to tell somebody what the curriculum is and even though there are commercial providers who don't kind of keep the course and curriculum secret. It has maintainers, but those maintainers are essentially some sort of authorities. Some people who really don't take any guff from anybody. This is how it is. It is incredibly difficult as I discovered to submit updates unless you are one of the people who design, who's nominated by some authority to do the curriculum. It is occasionally revised, but as we saw in 2008 that particular web development, web design curriculum was still using font tags. So it's very inflexible. But it does, and for compatibility it does things like it has approved textbooks for that particular curriculum, approved courses around that curriculum and related materials and also assessments. So as we see that actually we could take, you see these green arrows, we could take the ideas from the open source code development and actually quite nicely match them onto what's happening in code development and in curriculum development and perhaps make them better by putting in some of this openness in. So we could then have a curriculum that is public and completely public, not perhaps only partially public. There has maintainers that would be sort of individuals or small groups who would say I'm responsible for this branch and make sure that it's always up to date and it works and the people can submit patches to make sure that updates, not patches, but updates that are patch-like that fix little bits of it if they become out of date. And the updates are regular and kind of transparent in their regularity. So you know which version of the curriculum you're dealing with and then actually that the community can then submit compatible materials, activities, courses, assessments, et cetera, et cetera. Now the metaphor breaks down a little bit because the curriculum isn't exactly like code. So if you actually design some materials that are not compatible with those particular competencies that could still mean that it will still work but nothing breaks down immediately. So there's a bit of a sort of a flaw in that metaphor here but let's imagine that we could sort of, we could just through discussion and sort of a community involvement maintain the compatibility. So what would then the open Drupal curriculum look like? Well it would be some sort of publicly accessible guidelines that would be organized around some competency areas that would kind of cover the different Drupal skills and profiles, skill profiles perhaps you could say or skill needs. And each of them would have a maintainer and they would have patches and versions that would get regular releases so that people could then go look at this is the most up-to-date version of sort of a statement of Drupal skills and knowledge and so on. And as I mentioned at the beginning, the competency, each of the competencies should also be so defined that it actually defines the compatibility with different types of learning materials so that it actually would make clear what you need, the competency would be clear enough so that you could design materials for it that would go to, that would help somebody achieve that competency but also make it easy for somebody to certify or sort of assess that somebody actually has achieved that competency. So there's a bit of a challenge there but that can be done. And then the training providers, those that already exist, would be free to either share their materials in a way that they share modules and codes that kind of hang off that curriculum or they could, if they wanted to, they could just design their own, use that curriculum and design their own secret commercial trainings and still work towards that curriculum and then go back and influence the curriculum through curriculum patches. And then a certification provider again could use that sort of a curriculum in a way to assess somebody's competence in Drupal and build different profiles because this would not be just kind of one Drupal competence but you could build different profiles that you can, in the same, you could sort of issue badges for and things like that. And so that way we could have a community-based certification that actually the community could kind of be involved in more than just in typo three by submitting questions but actually by helping identify what the knowledge is in Drupal and the skills are and the profiles of skills. And it could be distributed because different people could use it in different ways but nevertheless be sort of maintained some compatibility around it and it would be fairly democratic because everybody could contribute back to what's happening. And then the certification provider in some way would have to earn the trust of the community or of the, of for instance, of employers and so on but it would have to work through some sort of a community system which could be informal like the guilds or it could be formal like sort of a computer assistant like the badges. So basically in a way we would have kind of a mission we could have if we adopted a system like the badges or if we just use the guilds but we would have some sort of a system of trust where they would have the community could build through the community we could people could achieve could maintain some sort of a some sort of a sort of standing regarding the fact, regarding their ability to vouch for somebody's skills. Now I, the Mozilla badge system is a very good way of I think going about it because it's using because it's using kind of a combination of the community trust and some you know they have sort of cryptographic signatures and kind of a based on the model of the web of trust so that you can sort of vouch for people in different ways and so on. So I think if we kind of broaden some of the more metaphors we can actually build this up into a broader service certification system. Now, how part of the context that we have at the moment as Heather spoke about earlier is the fact that we already have a bunch of people who provide triple training as we saw so with the raised hands earlier. So why would it, why would the people who already sell and you know my apologies if your logo is not on there. And but you know there are many people out there so why would these people who are already kind of sell training and they're quite happy with what they're doing why would they go back and sort of start working on a joint sort of a curriculum project with some sort of an open certification. Well, I think there is a lot of benefit because this would have a system where there's an open there were the education and certification is based on an open community based curriculum would actually add value to the training provides because they would say okay we are helping YouTube to achieve this particular competency profile. That is publicly available. You could offer a better progression of courses so you could say the training providers could say well this is where you start this is where you go. You could they could consult with corporations to help them to help them sort of create mix profile mix or skills mix for their for their staff and they could also if the curriculum were well designed it would be much easier to create new materials because the well designed curriculum makes it much makes it very easy to come to put together syllabus with core with different learning and teaching activities and also supporting materials and also obviously the fact that you can the certification would be more some sort of a community based certification would be sort of more broadly recognized with work together. So, and obviously the last benefit is the same as with code, you know you contribute code and you learn you get free code review you learn from others you have the benefit of working with others. So, how would be this, how would this be how why would this be good for people who are coming who are new to Drupal to sort of the new the hidden developers the people who we don't necessarily see on the forums or in the issue queues. Well, it would be easier to get in into Drupal it would be easier to create a learning program for self study so somebody could say okay I want to learn Drupal these are some of the steps I can do I can take you know some informal learning some sort of some learning through training and so on. Okay. And it would make it it would actually also provide maybe alternative route to Drupal competence rather than perhaps the certified to rock system kind of in a way catch tries to capture that informal learning but actually this could be this could be a bit more give people a few bit more guidance on how to get somewhere. And obviously it would be easier if you have a skills profile that works this way that's certified by other trusted community members it would be easier to advertise your services in order to get a job. How would this be good for the Drupal community? Well, it would be good because new members would be it would be easier from any new members to come into the community and also would be one more way of assigning trust which is becoming increasingly difficult with the size of the communities to just to do it based on who you know who you remember talking to or seeing on the forum. And how is this good for the clients? Well, let's again this my apologies. It is this is good for the clients that it's my easier hire hire employees and the get contractors for the right jobs and also it would be easier for them to create development plans for their Drupal staff so they could so they wouldn't necessarily just have to hire a Drupal developer they could get a particular staff profile. So. So after you've listened to some of these ideas we're really curious to hear and we've been watching on the ether pad there do you feel free to jump in? Is this pie in the sky? Do you think that what we're talking about is completely bonkers? Or do you sort of wonder how this could actually happen and would you like to join us in thinking about this? We'd like to go into a little bit of a discussion a practical discussion you could participate in and how would this API actually work and maybe a critical discussion. What are your swat? I know you probably love swats strength weaknesses opportunities and threats. We were planning on a little bit more time for small group discussion I'm just looking at the time here it is five, it's like four minutes to three. We have 15 minutes? Yeah we sort of do have 15 minutes. Should we break in or just take general questions? Let's have a vote so who would like we were thinking maybe just guys you know break into groups to discuss it and maybe make some notes on the ether pad or you could just take general questions so who would like to do the small group thing if you raise your hand nobody so general discussion it is. Okay so that's talking about democracy. I mean just go back to the pie in the sky so I just wanna say this could this would be a lot of work. This is a lot of stuff going on. You know I think it could work but it could easily just not work and by we've seen that the other efforts at certification and Drupal training haven't actually particularly been successful so far and I think one of the reasons is because of the diversity and complexity of the Drupal knowledge in the Drupal community and so perhaps and also because of the very strong feelings in Drupal community about everybody's ability to contribute and to have a voice. So you know so giving people a voice particularly at least at the curriculum stage and also sort of harnessing the existing models of kind of trust communication in the Drupal community could be quite powerful if we can find a way to actually just take those metaphors and those suggestions and maybe make them into something specific. We have a variety of different training partners. They could be development shops or they're companies based mainly on training and their clients are all asking about certification. Our partners are asking about certification who are development shops and not training. There have been situations for example where say a French development shop cannot get a government contract because when the question is are you certified in X software they can't tick yes and that blocks Drupal as well from getting into these other areas. So yes there are situations where certification is specifically required. There could also be staff who participate in training and they need to provide to their employer some type of certification or certificate and so whether that's something more like the Lullabot model is you participated here's your certificate of participation or whether or not employers need to trust that skill we're hearing it time and time again and of course Streets himself feels like it could be something that could really help the community. I don't know does anyone else have any sort of experience with demand for certification? I didn't get your name there. Karen if you put your name up there as well that's maybe something good to show. The answer to that was 11 weeks course someone participates and they don't want to complete it and not get something to show for it afterwards. Any other responses to that or Eric from WhizLearn? So certification Eric WhizLearn is saying that a certification of attendance or certificate of attendance is usually enough to accommodate most cases. Is anyone else saying that as well or Kate Miller chapter three? So the example is given there about a government agencies requiring some again a type of certificate of attendance being adequate. Does anyone have any other alternative reasons that Rod just said he's a grant and again agreeing Rod from OS training. Does anyone have any alternative things or who else is demanding training? Are we all really concerned only about these government agencies and completing an SOW? Finn Lewis has given an example of a type of accreditation system where someone has the ability to be an authority and an accredited certifications. Joanne you wanted to add something more to your comment earlier? Really are you sure? Okay. Can I just, oh Peter sorry to do it. Well can I basically say on that, and if you go back to the title of this, the real title of the session, how do you know this gal knows Drupal? And that's really the essential problem. And in a way, I started with the Drupal community in 2006 and I pretty much knew, I mean it was so easy to know somebody because you looked at their Drupal.org profile or you've met them probably but at the early stages. So the community was small enough that you could actually kind of have know enough about who you can trust. And but now the community is too large so we actually don't know. So the certification, even though we talked about the reasons, government contracts, employers and everything, but it actually could be as simple as, you meet someone and so it would be so nice you could go on Drupal.org and look at their profile and see those bunch of badges that they've collected based on the work they've done. So again, we didn't have time to go into any, because any of those slides that I showed could be a separate session on how you could do it, how that would work and how it wouldn't. But there could be so many ways that a system like this could not just help the training community or the training environment, it could actually help everybody in the community because you could look at people's profile and say, okay, I know what this person is about. Because at the moment just I did modules and it's just not enough what's on the Drupal.org profile. And I think because it's just so hard to get a glimpse to kind of capture people's skills and competence. It is, if you can sort of establish those sorts of trust. So you could say badges, certificates from, I don't know, somebody, company X are good. So we could, because the badges could, you could implement some sort of feedback mechanism as well. So I think you could do it, but it would just, you know, but it is, it is, yeah, sorry. The problem with the Red Hat model is that Red Hat is pretty much is a kind of a bounded system. There's only some, you know, the Linux is, there's only so many things you do with it. Whereas even though it's a lot, but it's still, whereas the Drupal, you know, as Peter was saying, there are just so many different ways you can approach a problem that are right. And then there are just so many different kind of skills profile. So it's difficult to, difficult to implement just like a single exam type, which is, if you notice type 03, for instance, are very constricted as to what they actually certify. They don't certify, you can, you know, develop for it. Yeah, what was your name again? Alex from, any word? New Zealand, he's Alex from New Zealand, okay. There is actually a module where if you have it in, if you have this module installed, name escapes me, level 10, developed it, and it will come, they actually have one site that does aggregations, like tutor.com, to UTR.com, and aggregates information. This is all tagged, and then apparently it will just suggest learning materials, screencasts, et cetera, based on the modules that you have installed. So there may be paths to that already. Diana from Four Kittens in the back. What time is your session on that? Last thing on Wednesday, pimping the session, very good. Plugging the session, I mean, sorry, too inappropriate. I just wanted to say I think that that will be a really great session to go to, and I see a few other hands we will get to. But one thing I think we started off talking about these clients and the demand and stuff. We're not thinking about that individual, that person who comes to the community, and there's this really interesting tweet that came on from, I actually don't know where the fellow was from. He was like, I don't even know where to get started. I don't even know where I'm supposed to go. And if we had that structure there, someone who's self-directed would be able to see, okay, I can follow some free node one materials, I can buy this book, I'll be able to learn about it there. And if I want to get up that curve, and I want to go up and do these really hard challenges, I can see what it's going to take to get me there. There's actually on Drupal.org, there's something called the developer profiles. They've been published two weeks ago. There's not a lot of response at the moment. I'll share the links in a moment. And they are actually two profiles, one of a, say a front-end developer, one of a sort of back-end developer. We have actually through the curriculum and training group last summer developed about five or six different roles. We really need to flesh out these roles. And it's not the skills that they need now, it's the skills they need coming before. So whether it's, you need to know PHP and CSS if you're going to do this role and you need to understand or have some experience with some type of data migration or something like that, if you're going to get this particular role. And that's sort of what I think Dominic showed, there's just this gigantic breadth of information if you're going to get up to that level. So I saw a few hands. Donna Benjamin Kim, also from New Zealand, sorry. Australia, sorry. That gets, that seems a little messy territory of like what's curriculum and what's materials. And I'll let Dominic take that part. Well, I was just, I'm a CVCRM is kind of a good exam because they have a, there's the floss manuals and they have a kind of an open source manuals. And actually they have a documentation sprint this week going on. So those on the materials, definitely. But I definitely, but also hearing the idea of having some sort of a common, common tree on which you could hang these things and that could help you develop and perhaps not waste the effort of redevelop reinventing the wheel. And I mean, again, the metaphor of the code I think is important because sometimes there are two modules that do pretty much the same thing but they're written because the author just didn't quite like the way it was done the first time. Well, this is the same thing. If it's like code, you can be forked. So you can say, well, I, this branch doesn't, I don't think this is how the skills are. So I'm just gonna fork it and offer an alternative. And again, if the sort of attendant certification system is based on, is based on some sort of a level of trust, kind of machine assisted trust, then you could then people could sort of certify. Yes, this person knows, you know, this kind of curriculum and that curriculum, but they could, you could still link it to some sort of a profile of ability. And then, you know, I think there would be a sort of a business in the sorts of consultancies that are happening all over the, all the time about who do you need to hire? Well, then you could say, you need three people with this profile and three people with this profile. And then those people, you know, and then you could just kind of look in the community who has those, you know, badges or whatever sort of certifications of trust. You have two minutes left, so one last question. I think we go back to, if you saw Dries' keynote today, he mentions this, you know, this sort of like the intake for Drupal, you know. Our intake pipe is clogged right now. We can't bring hobbyists in up to speed.  He likes PHP. And so he's here, it's his first DrupalCon. He's never actually even used Drupal before. And he has a lucky opportunity to come here because he's nearby. Now, that person doesn't even know where to start. He was able to, you know, come here. What about all the people who don't have the opportunity to come here? We really have to think about, yeah, who is this for? And I think that if it's a community-based certification or talking about something that's open and available, it could make a much different landscape for that, you know, to widen that intake pipe. One last Jacob saying there. Well, in the same way as code, you know, I mean, it's, you develop in Drupal. I mean, if you ask somebody 15 years ago, is it possible to develop something like Drupal in the way that Drupal actually has been developed, they would have said, no, you're crazy. That's just not possible. And it turned out it was. So, you know, so maybe, maybe, I don't know. And I cannot say they will, but I'd say it could be possible to try it. But what I was trying to just kind of a, to conclude and come back to what you were saying, who benefits? Well, the community benefits is that, is that also everybody, well, both, because you need to, because it's, because you're learning.  Well, this way, you could, there could be a system that you could get credit for it. Then you could actually leave a trace through your learning. And that would help you communicate with other people who will then see your trace. So it's, okay, this person has done all of these things. Just one second, I want to pull this back to the definitions.  We're not talking about the screencast or the exercise or the activity that actually goes through step by step. This is how you do it. It's simply a quantifiable, accessible competency.  That's not it. You know, but there are so many great free resources out there as well. And if those were, if those were tagged and easily accessible, then the value of an aggregator like tutor.com or there's one like DrupalCount27.org right now, the value of those would be increased greatly because you wouldn't just be swimming in this, you know, get this Googleitis where you're just swimming in all this material and you don't know where to start and throwing up with this, you know, just vomit of stuff that's spam-ridden and hacked and horrible. I mean, you'd be able to see, oh wait, this is relevant to my needs right now. So just keep that person in mind. I think it changes things. Does anyone want to continue this conversation? We're really pressing our luck running into the coffee break now. Who thinks this isn't pie in the sky and wants to talk about it further? Okay, there's a show about two or three hands. Excellent.  We have the buff coming right after this. So just, you know, we'll just have a coffee and then meet in room... 332... Room 332 in the Croydon College. Half an hour. For half an hour after this. After the coffee break.


It gives you a funny feeling this business are launching.  Something like that. Hard to say. I guess you and I feel we've got a little stake in her. She's no longer a number or just a hull. She's a ship. And now they're towing her over to the outfitting dock. They'll rig her to be our greatest flat dock. I remember the day they laid her keels. Doesn't seem too long ago either. She looked back. They fixed her name in bronze to the keel plate for keeps. She grew up almost without our knowing it. There was the inner bottom. And the big after gasoline tank. They started to midships and kept building up like a big pyramid. Adding structures, fore and aft from the midsection. Adding one deck level above the next. 11 decks in all, up to the flight deck. Then they added more compartments forward. And compartments further astern. Until her hull began to fill out and take its final shape. That job to thousands of men. More nearly 5,000 workers on the ship itself from 40 different trades to meet her production schedule. They based the locations of major construction points on the precision of a center line. Accurate and close enough to split the hairline of a lens. Over 6,000 plans were needed to build this ship. Plans that told the shipwrights, welders, angle smiths, the pipe fitters, copper smiths, machinists and electricians exactly what to do and where. For the ship's great hull, the blueprints message was first translated to wood. In the mold lock, fitters laid out full scale patterns and templates on wooden frames. Marked the centering points and zone numbers for later locations. These became the controlling shapes for steel. The plates, the bulkheads and the skin, which rounded out the final shape of the hull. From drawings to wood to steel. And then in the ship sheds of the yards, a giant torch cut the pattern shape. While over in the rolling shed, monster bending rows shaped up the plates that had to fit the slowly growing curves. Steel plates and more steel plates, sheet by sheet, were rooted according to their markings to final locations in the big assembly. Then on the skids away from the hull, the sub-assemblies grew. Off by themselves, they were free from the flow of materials and work traffic at the crowded hull. Whole sections of the ship, the bow assembly, the elevator platforms, the gun sponsors were assembled separately so that fitters and welders could work more easily. Each unit was erected on schedule as it was needed in the larger scheme of things. From the skids, giant cranes delivered the sub-assemblies to the building ways. Here, with the deafness of handling a building block, the huge steel sections were eased into position for final welding. It was amazing to see how much wood was used to build a steel ship. Wood for shoring, wood for staging. The dense jungle of timbers in there contained enough wood to build 20,000 homes. While hull construction went on, the shops were busy making and testing other equipment. Four bronze screws, each 22 feet across, designed to push her through the water at better than 40 miles an hour. Balance to the last ounce. Through access openings left clear in the hull, her powerful steam turbines and reduction gears were lowered. The giant boilers, two, eight of them. These to deliver steam for the ship's turbines and to launch her planes. They are a part of the ship's vitals, providing a sensitive and balanced mechanism which makes her, in performance, a living organism. Her power plant was divided into four independent units, each completely self-sufficient to provide for necessary maneuverability in case of battle damage. Finally, with her heavy machinery inside, work on the hull was rushed through its final stages. Her forged propeller shafts were lined up, then coupled, and the 22-foot props themselves squeezed through narrow spaces to their locations below the stern. The massive screws now in place, the hull was completely sealed and painted. All staging was removed above and below, and the hull made ready for launching. At the christening, Admiral Harp delivered the invocation. We praise the O God for this memorable and climactic moment of human achievement. We rejoice that Thou hast made it possible for the ingenuity, skill, and labor of free men to bring this ship into being. May there come now to those who have wrought as good workmen in its planning and construction the inner satisfaction of having done their tasks worthily and well. As we christen the forest doll, we commend her to Thy guidance and care, grant that her services may be used in the preservation of peace, and for war, only when the defense of freedom and honor shall so dictate. That blimp up there seems to be doing a good job of looking her over. Look at that flight deck. Yeah, she's plenty big. What was it? 1,000? Let's see. 1,036 feet long, and the deck is 252 feet wide. The morning paper said she was big enough to put the Queen Mary and the United States side by side on the flight deck and still have room to spare. Hey, see that? They've streamlined the angled deck right into a symmetrical flight deck design. It slents off about 10 degrees to port. One of the shipyard engineers told me that flight deck is not only armor-steel, full length, but she's got terrific stiffening topside for the hull. That's right. No elevators down the center line. They're all on the deck edges. That's good protection for the hangar deck, too. She's got two catapults forward and two on the angle, port side. They'll be steamed, too. With that set up, they ought to get a bunch of planes in the air on record time. Boy, look at the size of those elevators. The builders say each one is as big as two city lots. Well, jet planes, bigger and heavier jobs, greater ranges, more fuel. Guess it all adds up. Suppose it adds up to the reason for the forest all. You know, I guess they'll handle those heavy planes in less time than the old carriers handle the lighter ones. Well, she's a beauty, all right. Where are they taking her now? They're heading for the outfitting dock. When she was launched, she was about 70% completed. Then came outfitting. This is the stage when the floating hull and its superstructure is invaded by a host of skilled specialists, technicians, and craftsmen who will link power to the intricate mechanisms and make the ship responsive to control. Her propulsion machinery is now lined up perfectly from boilers and turbines out to the long shafts to propellers under the stern. Trude to the point of least possible friction. Because now that the ship's afloat, her new balance in the water puts different stresses on the entire hull. Machinery alignments will be affected and all these must be accurately checked. Then comes the day when her boilers are lit off, when the ship, in a very real sense, comes to life. She will grow more and more self-sufficient now, as each day passes. Provide her own power. Run her pumps. Operate some of her auxiliary units. Her electric light and power installations sufficient to supply a city of a million and a half people, get their final checkup during outfitting. Her communications system of 400 dial phones and 1,900 sound-powered battle telephones help make her a highly coordinated working unit. She will be fitted with plumbing and water storage sufficient to care for living spaces, galleys and laundries for over 3,000 men. Not to mention the shops, photo labs, and air conditioning units in remote places. There are no portholes on this ship. She can be sealed for protection against lethal exterior air or gases. Although there's enough air conditioning installed to serve two Empire State buildings, 3,500 tons of it. What the Navy calls ship habitability has developed some new departures in outfitting living spaces. All birthing spaces for the entire crew are air conditioned. Each compartment is accommodated with a recreation area with tables and chairs for writing letters or reading. Over a thousand of her crew will sleep in the new modular Pullman type bunks on foam rubber mattresses and have individual ventilation and fluorescent lighting. Deep down in the vitals of the big ship, the boys who checked the forestall's gauges and control her engines will be working in glass enclosed air conditioned cubicles. Up above, on the big hangar deck, big enough to enclose two and one half football fields, will be nested her brood of 100 planes. Interceptors, fighters, and patrol craft. Elevator platforms, too, and their lifting machinery are now installed and adjusted. All four of them ready to shuttle planes topside at a hitherto unbelievable rate. Five deck levels above the flight deck, the island structure has been fitted out inside with noise resisting materials to assure protection from freaks and whines of revving jets. For this is the operations tower and nerve center of the ship, yes of the task force which she will command. Spiked by radar detection gear, the island with its advantages of height for the control of aircraft is an operational necessity. Far into the night, outfitting proceeds and checks are made on each last detailed installation. Finally, the engineers and ship building supervisors give the word that she's ready for her sea trials. Smoothly and majestically, she heads out to deep water. This will be the ship's first real performance test, a check out on her coordination, endurance, and the sensitivity of her responses. On the bridge, the builder skipper, her first Navy skipper and the members of the trial board, all thinking, how will she measure up? How will she behave? It is now in this series of trials that all the planning, all the expert's calculations, all the man hours of skilled craftsmanship, and the hopes of those who watched her grow will really be tested. During the three-day trial run, she will be submitted to all sorts of tests. Steering, a stern endurance, boiler overload, anchor windlass, catapult, and many more. Gradually, her engines are eased into a build-up of power. First at one-third speed, then at two-thirds, hours of power build-up now. Will she stand up to the demand? What if she doesn't? Well, that's what the tests are for. She's as tough as any. Now comes the captain's order. All engines ahead. Whoa! 59,000 tons of steel plowing through at better than 40 miles per hour. 200,000 horses pushing the props at full power, determined and resolute. Deep inside, 30 feet below her waterline, the fellows in the machinery spaces can't see the ship's surge against the oncoming sea. But they know better than anyone how fast she's going. Their gauges show how smoothly she stepped ahead when they gave her full throttle. And topside, a feeling of confidence and assurance has replaced concern. Homeward bound, the trials were a clean sweep, and now, commissioning, the climax to the story of her building. The Navy's seal of acceptance on this ship and of the labor of free men who brought her into being. Worthy of the name of one of the nation's most dedicated naval leaders. This is their ship now. The mightiest warship of the oceans. She belongs to all the people. The free people. And she will defend them in time of trouble.


Lesson 314. I seek a future different from the past. From new perception of the world, there comes a future very different from the past. The future now is recognized as but an extension of the present. Past mistakes can cast no shadows on it, so that fear has lost its idols and its images, and being formless, it has no effects. Death will not claim the future now, for life is now its goal, and all the needed means are happily provided. Who can grieve or suffer when the present has been freed, extending its security and peace into a quiet future filled with joy? Father, we were mistaken in the past and choose to use the present to be free. Now do we leave the future in your hands? Leaving behind our past mistakes, ensure that you will keep your present promises and guide the future in their holy light. Amen.


And it's time for business news. The House of Representatives Public Accounts Committee has summoned the Acting Director-General of the Industrial Training Fund, ITF, Mrs. Adeshola Tywo. And this is sequeled to the operation of the agency's budget from 2018 to 2021 without the approval of the National Assembly. Rep Boussayo Uluwalee Oke, the chairman of the committee who proceeded over the seating and made the summon on Wednesday in Abuja. He said that the House would commence a probe into the strange discovery. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


What do you think about Sean Clifford heading into 2021? Oh, okay. So Jim, a lot of people are going to tell you Sean Clifford is going to take that next step. He's going to be a guy in this offensive system under Mike Yersich. I don't believe it. I'm sorry. I don't. Sean Clifford is a guy that I think has a certain level of limitation in what he can do at the quarterbacking position. Everybody saw what he did in 2019 and thought the ceiling for this guy was going to be one of the best quarterbacks in the Big Ten Conference. But his completion percentage has been below 60% the entirety of his time in Happy Valley. He's not a consistent quarterback. He utilizes his legs well, and he can make up for some of those disadvantages. But he wasn't even really supposed to be the guy. I don't necessarily believe in Sean Clifford like some other people might. He has a wonderful weapons at his disposal. But if I'm banking all of my thought into Penn State, having a bounce back here, being a 9-10 win team that can compete with Ohio State the Big Ten East on Sean Clifford, you're going to go broke pretty quickly.


Why are game companies such as Insomniac targeted for ransomware attacks? Why they were targeted and why other companies and frankly why video game companies I think are the hot new target for hackers is in a lot of ways Insomniac, I said it before I'll say it again, they have carried Sony this year. Their releases have been huge to the success of the PlayStation 5 and honestly it's been a little sparse overall if you don't count third-party stuff just talking first-party output. If it wasn't for them I'm not sure we'd be singing as much praise about Sony's PlayStation results this year as we are and that makes them a in particular a very sensitive target or very high profile target. Video games make a lot more money than traditional media now and that's kind of true across the board. One Insomniac and one Sony is worth a whole lot more than you know Warner Brothers or something else.


Hello everyone, I am Dr. Kancha Bansil, resident in the Department of Radio Diagnosis in Subhati Medical College, Merritt is going to present my oral paper on the topic, role of MRI in evaluation of cervical cancer. The aims of this paper is to study the MRI findings of cervical carcinoma and to correlate the imaging findings with clinical pathological findings. The cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy worldwide. In India, 160 million women between the age of 30 to 59 years are at risk of developing carcinoma cervix. The main risk factors include the early age at first coitus, having multiple sexual partners, sexually transmitted HPV infections, cigarette smoking and the use of oral contraceptive pills. For the MRI, the axils acetyl and coronal weighted images are taken. Intuitive images are taken. The axil images are taken perpendicular to the endosavical canal. The coronal images are parallel to the endosavical canal and it helps to see if there is disease spread to the vagina. The major role of MRI is for the local staging of the tumor for defining the pelvic tumor extent, the depth of the stromal invasion, the lymph node status and if there is any metastasis. According to the latest 2018 PicoLight lines, the carcinoma cervix is divided into four stages. In this, the stage one, the carcinoma is strictly confined to the cervix. In stage two, the carcinoma invades beyond the uterus but has not extended on to the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall. In stage three, the carcinoma involves the lower third of the vagina and extends to the pelvic wall or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney or involves pelvic or parapyrotic lymph nodes while in stage four, the carcinoma is extended beyond the true pelvis and has involved the bladder or the rectum. In stage four, there is involvement of only the adjacent pelvic organs while in stage four, we there is spread to the distant organs. In the study, the study designed was descriptive observational study. The study period was from April 2022 to September 2022. It was conducted in the department of radiodiagnosis in Subhati Hospital, Merritt in association with the department of obstetrics and gynecology and department of pathology. Per sample size of 10 patients were included in the study. The inclusion criteria was all women of suspected cervical cancer with first presentation of abnormally uterine bleeding that were attending the gynecology OPDI and were referred to the department of radiodiagnosis. The exclusion criteria was patients with a previously diagnosed case of cervical malignancy or the patients who didn't give the consent to participate in the study. In the study, it was seen that the main area presentation of the patients was around 56 years and all the patients presented with the normal uterine bleeding and on examination it was seen that the service was bulky on a per speculum and per vaginal examination and bleeding on touch. On MRI, the lesions were iso intense on T1 in 6 out of 10 cases and were hyper intense on T2 in 7 out of 10 cases and all the layers of the service were involved in majority of the cases. The diffusion restriction and heterogeneous enhancement was noted in all the cases. According to the FIGU staging, the stage 1B was noted in 4 cases, stage 2A was seen in 1 out of 10 cases, stage 2B was noted in 2 out of 10 cases, 3B was seen in 2 out of 10 cases and stage 4A was seen in 1 case. On further doing the histopathological examination of these cases, the majority of the cases, 90%, the HP diagnosis was of spamous cell carcinoma while adenocarcinoma was seen in only 1% of the cases. This is a smage of stage 1B and this we can see that in image 1, a T2 heterogeneous mass lesion is seen in the posterior wall of cervix and the lesion is not extending into the upper part of the vagina. This is a T1 weighted images and in this, the lesion is iso intense while in the contrast, post contrast images, there is heterogeneous enhancement of the mass lesion on and the stage 1B was given to the lesion. So on MRI, the predominant signal intensity was noted to be of was iso intense on T1, hyper intense on T2 and it was similar to the description that was given by Linange and Hort Hermit. The heterogeneous contrast enhancement was seen in all the cases and according to the failure staging, 1B was the most common stage that was seen in present study and the cases of 2B and 3B was seen in 2 cases, was chlamysal carcinoma on the most common histopathological diagnosis and the most of the cases were treated by radical histectomy.


The Kraft Foods Company presents Harold Perry as the Great Gilder Sleeve! The Great Gilder Sleeve is brought to you by the Kraft Foods Company makers of Par-K Margeron. Millions of women all over America serve Par-K because it tastes so good. And now, in many states, you can buy this delicious Par-K Margeron in yellow quarter pound sticks. Yes, the same spread that tastes so good now comes in handy quarter pound sticks already colored a rich gold and yellow and ready to serve. That's Par-K, P-A-R-K-A-Y, Par-K Margeron made by Kraft. Well, let's see what's doing in Summerfield. Recently, the Great Gilder Sleeve has had only two interests in life. One is Mrs. Ellen Nickerbocker, his neighbor's wealthy sister from Baltimore. The other is his amateur detective hobby. This evening, we find him pursuing both. Bye, George Ellen. It's a beautiful night. Oh, it's awfully dark, Throgmorton. Why are we stopping here? Well, I wanted to show you the old haunted house I investigated last week. My first big case. Oh? Yeah. Look, you can see it's silhouetted against the sky. Oh, spooky, isn't it? Spooky? Not to a student of the Eagle Eye Detective Institute. The chief of police and I are keeping an eye on it. Well, then why bring me up here? Why didn't you come up with the chief of police? Well, he's not as pretty as you are. Throgmorton, we'd better drive back to town. I don't like it out here. Oh? Well, if you're frightened, Ellen, you can sit closer to me. Oh, I'm not really frightened. Shucks. Boo! Oh, dear! Darn it, she jumped the wrong way. Now, Throgmorton... I thought you weren't frightened. Well, this is a lonely spot and I am wearing a rather expensive diamond necklace. Let's go home. Oh? Well, all right, Ellen, anything you say. Well, what do you know? We ran out of gas. Uh-huh. Throgmorton, didn't I see you turn off the switch? You did and thought it was darker. Ellen. Yes? Ellen. Now, Throgmorton. How about a little kiss? No. Ellen, you're not supposed to resist an officer of the law. And a detective's an officer.    Pretend? Ellen, I've almost completed the course. I've solved every test case they've given me without even looking up the answers in the back of the book. Throgmorton, why waste your time on things like that? Well?  Okay, if I'm a schoolboy, it's too late for me to be out. I guess we'd better go home. Not Throgmorton. No, no, no. We'll go home. If you don't like my hobby, I guess you don't like me. Oh, I do, but to be really fond of a man, I have to be proud of him. Oh? And I'd like to be proud of you. Ellen, I'll throw away my detective kit tomorrow. Good. Now, how about that kiss tonight? Oh, Throgmorton. Morning, infants. Hi, Uncle. Good morning, Anki. Did you and Mrs. Nickerbocker have a nice time last night? Mrs. Nickerbocker and I had a very pleasant evening. Thank you, Marjorie. Leroy. Careful, young man, or I won't give you my detective kit. Your detective kit? You mean it, Uncle? Yes, my boy. It's all yours. Gosh, thanks, Uncle. Did you flunk the course? No, I did not flunk the course. Last night, I just decided I had no further use for it. I'm not a schoolboy. You'll find the whole outfit in the box up on my dresser. Thank goodness. Oh, boy, I can't wait to go handcuff Craig Bullard to a tree. Leroy. Well, it would keep that little Craig out of mischief. Not a bad idea. Is all the stuff there, the mustache and the wig and the spirit gum? Well, I think I used all the spirit gums sticking on disguises. That's okay. Craig and I can use bubblegum. Bubblegum? Come on, Miss Gersley. Good morning, Bertie. Here's your coffee. Thank you, Bertie. Leroy, not so noisy. Okay, sure. And don't slam the... Don't slam the door. What a detective. We got two detectives in the family now? Only one, Bertie. Uncle Mort's given up the idea. He has? Well, I sure am glad, Mr. Gersley, because you never know when a detective's going to get it. What? Anytime you associate with crooks, you're liable to get it. Well, I'm not associating with any crooks, Bertie. I sure am glad to hear that, Mr. Gersley, because you never know when a crook's going to get it, or a detective either. Well, you don't have to worry about me. Mr. Gersley, did you read about that detective in Detroit? No, Bertie. He got it. He's in the hospital with a 30-30 in his leg and a 50-50 chance. Get... Yes, sir.  And you never know when Bertie's going to hand it out. What, Leroy? There's been a big robbery. Robbery? Well, you're the detective now, Leroy. Go catch the burglar. I mean it. There was a burglar at Bullard's last night. Well, what'd he take? Bullard's new stainless steel ash can? Gosh, no, he stole Mrs. Nickabocker's fur coat and diamond necklace. What? Really, Leroy?  Oh, my goodness. Is Ellen all right? Sure, but boy, she upset.  To me? She is? I'll get it. Now everybody be calm. Throckmorton, I've been robbed. Yes, Leroy told me. Come on in, Ellen. Somebody broke in last night and took my diamond necklace and my best mink coat. Oh, my goodness. I'm terribly sorry to hear about it. So am I, Mrs. Nickabocker. Oh, thank you, Marjorie. Throckmorton, what will I do? Brother Rumson's out of town. I don't know where to turn. Well... You know the local police. Will you see that I get a good investigator? Ellen, if it's a good investigator you want, you don't have to go to the police. But Throckmorton... Yeah, I know you think my detective work is silly, but last week I solved the case three minutes before Mr. District Attorney did. Well, if you think you can do anything... Do anything? I certainly can. Leroy, hand me back my handcuffs. Oh, for corn shake. Ellen, you knew I'd be back this afternoon. Why didn't you wait and let me handle this? But I was excited, Rumson. I had to call in someone.  Now, Rumson, I think you've been wrong about Throckmorton. He's been very calm and level-headed about this. That's one of Gilda's leave's biggest problems. He's too level-headed. Under that poodle-dog pompadour, he's a flathead. Oh, Rumson, you exaggerate. Not very much. Now, Rumson, Throckmorton's made quite a study of detective work. But Ellen, I've engaged a private detective from Kansas City. He's coming in this afternoon. Oh? How can't you discourage Gilda's leave? He couldn't tell a burglar from a banker. Now, Rumson, that must be Throckmorton. Now, I'll let him in. Come in, Throckmorton. Shh. Ellen, I saw a dark, ugly-looking man with a black suitcase sneaking your back door. Gilda's leave, that was me! Hello, Mr. Bullard. Welcome home. Rumson and I were just discussing the robbery, Throckmorton. You don't have to worry about a thing, Ellen. I figured out a foolproof plan to trap the burglar. Wonderful. Gilda's leave, do you really think you should neglect your work at the water department just to help us? Oh, glad to do it, Mr. Bullard. For Ellen and you, you're her brother. Now, chapter one of the manual says, quote, to detect one must first deduct. Unquote. So for two hours, I employed the simple process of deduction. And I came up with the answer. You did. You bet. The reason your furs and jewels were stolen is because they're valuable. That took you two hours? Now, wait a minute, Mr. Bullard, you may scoff if you like, but how did the burglar know they were valuable? Because last week, the society column described the furs and jewels Ellen wore at that country club party. Oh, that's right, Throckmorton. Yes, indeed. That's the way raffles and those other jewel thieves operate. They checked the society columns. Chapter four. Gilda's leave, you may be on the right track. Now, here's what I've done, Bullard. I've had this news item printed in the afternoon paper. Listen, the stress by the loss of refurs and diamonds, the wealthy Mrs. Ellen Nicobocker is receiving an even more valuable collection this afternoon from her home in Baltimore. But Throckmorton, that isn't true. I know that, but the burglar doesn't, and he'll be back. Clever, eh, Bullard? Clever? Gilda's leave, don't you realize you're making decoys out of every one of us? Decoy? I'm not holding open house for criminals? Well... What are we supposed to do? Sit around and wait to be robbed again? Oh, don't worry, Mr. Bullard. I'll be right outside. I'll catch him before he ever gets in the house. Gilda's leave, all I can say is you'd better. Yes, I'd better. Can I go with you? No, Leroy, it's getting dark.  I'll just walk to the middle of the street with you. Got a gun, Uncle? Of course, Leroy. You run along back now. Okay. Yunk. Yes, Leroy. What happens to us if he beats you to the draw? To you? Leroy, don't say that. Good night, my boy. What if he does beat me to the draw? Well, I'd better hide someplace where I'll see him first. I could wait for him in the Bullard cyclone cellar. It's stocked with dried apricots. And I was too excited to eat my dessert. Say, I could climb up there in little Craig's treehouse. Sure, I'll be able to watch both entrances that way. Wonder if this ladder will hold me. Oh, brother, the higher I get, the more it shimmies. What? Hello, Craig. Well, I'm climbing up to your treehouse. What are you going to do? I'm going to catch the Briggler. I can, too. I had Larry and Jibus down. Never mind. You run along in the house now. I'm going on up. Craig, you wouldn't do that. Craig, let go of that ladder. I'm going to pull it away. Now, Craigie. Craigie. Here it goes.  Just made it. Now, if I can just squeeze in this door. Yes! That's what you think. Something's holding me. I made it anyway. Hello, Mr. Bullard. Oh, Gilda's leave. Yeah, I'm on the job. Craig, it's your betta. OK. And how many times have I told you not to call Gilda's leave a monkey? Yes, yes. What time is it? 11 o'clock. All the lights are out. Bullard, except one. That goes. Maybe I should have hidden with the dried apricots. Let's beat the Briggler. Oh, Gilda's leave. Yes, Mr. Bullard. He's in his warm bed and I'm up in this drafty tree house. I wish I hadn't ripped my pants. I'd be up here if Ellen wasn't depending on me. Yes. What's that? Somebody's sneaking up the driveway. Just staying in the shadows. My George Gilda's leave. He's taking your bait. He's coming right under the tree house. Got a gun? No, it's a flashlight. I think. Maybe if I lean out far enough. It is a gun. Wonder if I can reach mine. Timber! Oh, I lit light on him. Surrender! I've got you covered. Gilda's leave. Look, I knocked out your Briggler. Wait till I roll him over. Gilda's leave. That's no burglar. That's my Kansas City detective. It is? Oh, sorry, but it's his fault. I yelled Timber. Gilda's leave.  Some little green vegetables and I'll melt a little parquet margin and I'll pour that parquet over. Hey, Bertie, hold up.  Land sakes, I guess I was, Mr. Wall. You know what they say about people who talk to themselves. Not when you talk about what I was talking about. I was planning tonight's dinner and I was just melting some of that delicious, nutritious parquet margin for the vegetables. Nothing wrong with that. It's always smart to use parquet. And I always use it, Mr. Wall. Parquet tastes so good on vegetables and bread and pancakes and rolls, too, as a matter of fact. You bet it does. It's smart to use parquet margin for other reasons, as a matter of fact. It's economical and... Costs only about half as much as the most expensive spreads. And it's got that real craft quality, as a matter of fact. That's why it can't help but taste good, Bertie. Parquet is made from only the carefully selected products of American farms. And there's 15,000 units of important vitamin A added to every delicious pound. Every day, more women buy parquet margin because it's economical, because it's nourishing. And mostly because it tastes so good. That's why I use it, as a matter of fact. Well, let's get back to the Great Gilder Sleeve. In trying to catch the burglar who robbed Mr. Bullard's attractive sister, he caught Mr. Bullard's private detective. Mr. Bullard didn't like this. In fact, he ordered our hero off the case and off the property. Uh-huh. Bullard will regret this. I know that. Burglar's coming back. Gosh, young sitting up here in your room isn't gonna do any good. Well... Who's gonna catch the crook if you don't? The private detective went back to Kansas City. Were he safe? Yeah, yeah. I would like to help Mrs. Nickabocker, Leroy. Sure. Hey, couldn't you get back over to Bullard's if you wore a disguise? Disguise? Leroy, that's silly. You could make up like Eddie, the gardener. Eddie gardener? Oh, Eddie, their gardener. Sure. He's fat, too. Leroy? Sure.  Well, I've got the torn pants. Let's see if I can talk like Eddie. What's the matter with you, kids?  That's great, Doc. What is Eddie an Eskimo? Hand me the putty out of that make-up kit, Leroy. Oh, boy. Hi, George. Great idea I had. I haven't used the dialect since I was in Kismet in the senior class play.  Twice, Leroy. In high school and in college. Gee. There. How's that for putty nose, huh? Wait a little. I'll put it on. You look funny, young. Yeah? Well, Eddie, Eddie has a funny nose. Now, if I can just work on the bulb here on the end. Yeah. Well, don't get us in the same color as the rest of you. I'll take care of that.  You want some leg make-up, too? No, Leroy. The rip isn't that big. Oh, let's see. I better flatten the bridge a little bit. Yeah. Yeah. The meat makes a putty putty. Oh, come on. Yes, Marjorie? Judge Hooker is here to see you. Yeah. Old goat, what does he want? Hello, Gilday. Yeah. Come on, Judge. I'll show him what a real make-up artist can do. I was in the neighborhood, Gilday, and I... Well, look at the nose. Yeah? You like it, Judge? Why the disguise, Gilday? Trying to capture a little bit. Yeah. Yeah. The disguise, Gilday. Trying to capture another detective. Ha-ha-ha-ha. Ha-ha-ha-ha. Ha-ha-ha-ha. Our judge, curiosity killed the cap. And the same thing could happen to an old goat. I'm not at all curious. What are you going to do with the rest of the clay? Well, I'm going to make it into a big long nose for you, Judge. So you can really stick it into other people's business. Our Gilday? Ha-ha-ha. Hand me that mustache. You mean this big fuzzy one? Mm-hmm. My, it's a beauty. Hand it to me, Judge.  It's not a toupee. I know it, Gilday. Yeah. Let's see now. All right, George. I look pretty good. I think I'll wear my old straw fishing hat and go down and test my disguise on Pee-Vee. Oh, going down to Pee-Vee? You bet. Yeah. If he doesn't recognize me, nobody will. And wait till I try this dialect on him, Judge. Hello. I am new fella in town, looking for honest work. Ha-ha-ha. What do you think of that, Judge? Ha-ha-ha-ha. Pee-Vee's fine with him. Mr. Pee-Vee's speaking. Oh, hello, Judge. How's that? He is? Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. Oh, Mr. Gilday seems quite a fellow. Very well, Judge. I'll pretend I don't know who he is. Goodbye. Well, look who it is. Hello. Well, hello, stranger. What can I do for you? Well, I am new fella in this town. Now, you see that? How's everything in the old country? Old country. Please, I am a citizen. 100% American. You don't say. I am looking for honest work. Well, there isn't much doing around Summerfield now. Of course, in the fall, we have a brisk tomato picking season. Tomato picking? You look like a good tomato picker. Please, I am gardener by trade. Maybe you give me a job taking care of your garden. Eh? Well, Mrs. Peavey takes care of our garden. I work cheap. One dollar, one hour. I only pay Mrs. Peavey 50 cents a week. That wouldn't even keep me in cigars. How's that? Eh, I think I'll have some cigars. Yeah, well. Yeah. Two elobos. The elobos, you say? Da. Do you carry these? Oh, yes. We have to. The local water commissioner smokes them. Huh? Well, what is good enough for the water commissioner is good enough for me? I think so. I hear about this water commissioner. People tell me he's a very big man in this town. He's a big man, all right. They say he's a very popular city official. Well, yes. Good fellow. Yes. Also, they say this water commissioner is a great amateur detective. No, no, I wouldn't say that. For your information, P.V.I. I'm the water commissioner. You don't say. Yes. Wait till I take off my nose. Look. Well, I declare it. Pretty good disguise, eh, P.V.? Certainly is. I couldn't have told you from a tomato picker. Well, that's pretty close to a gardener. Hee, hee, hee, hee. Hi, George. This disguise certainly fooled P.V.I. Nobody at Bullers will ever recognize me now that it's almost dark. I'll just pretend I'm working late with these flowers in the backyard. That burglar's bound to show up tonight. Craig, gotta get rid of him. What are you doing? Well, I am Eddie, the gardener, taking care of the flowers. You're not, Eddie. I am too. I am too. Gotta give me a break. Here's a dollar. Run along and don't tell your father I'm out here. A lousy dollar? Yeah. Well, here's two. Shh, Craig, not a word to your father. I don't want anybody to know it's me. Killed a sleeve. What are you doing in my flower bed? Oh, my goodness. Ellen, come out here and take a look at this. Now, Mr. Bullard, your detective is in our Pratunias. Well, I thought it was a disguise, but... Throckmorton, aren't you being just a little bit ridiculous? But, Ellen, I only wanted to help you. Killed a sleeve, I thought I told you to drop this case. All right, I'm dropping it. I'm dropping the whole idea. I see I'm not appreciated. I'm sorry. Oh, good night, Throckmorton. Good night. Yeah, yeah, yeah! Give me back my two dollars. I've got Bullard family. I'll walk right through there in a sturch of bed. Kick Bullard's new stainless steel ash can right out in the street. Ooh, I forgot I cut the toe out of my Oxbridge to look like Eddie. I'll go home and take off this phony disguise and give these handcuffs back to Leroy. I'll never try to catch anybody again. Hey, Eddie. What? It's Harry. I'm over here behind a tree. Somebody thinks I'm Eddie. Just stay in the shadows and listen. What is this? Okay, Eddie, go right ahead. I'm listening. We've got a chance to make another haul at the bullets tonight. Huh? Yeah, the paper says the dames had more jewels shipped in. Zeke, he's the burglar. Now, get this. I'm getting. You go back over there and open the basement window like before. You got it? You bet I've got it. What? Then I've got you. You're not Eddie. You're not, kid. Don't you try to run away. I played tackle at Princeton. Oh! Where are those handcuffs? Stop kicking. Oh! Okay, you asked for this. Oh! I'm getting out of here. You won't get far. I've got the handcuffs on you. Oh! One of them is on me. Bullard! Come quick. I've caught the burglar.  Anyway, I've solved the case. The great Gilderslave will be back in just a minute. Listen to this good news, ladies. You can now get yellow parquet in all states where laws permit. Yes, parquet, the same delicious spread with a wonderful flavor, now comes in handy quarter pound sticks already colored a rich golden yellow. You'll find yellow parquet costs a little more, largely because of the federal coloring tax, but it's a real saving for you in time and trouble. Try the new yellow parquet in quarter pound sticks. Remember, where state laws permit, you can get this delicious spread golden yellow ready to serve. Of course, you can still buy white parquet at the low economy price. That's P-A-R-K-A-Y, parquet margin made by Kraft. Here, Sergeant. P.V. Well, hello, Mr. Gilderslave. What are you doing here? I thought you might like some cigars. Oh, well, that's very nice of you, P.V. But you didn't have to bring me a whole box. You might be here in jail for quite a while. Leroy hasn't found the handcuff keys yet. Oh, my goodness. Care for a cigar, Harry? Eh. Ah, yourself. Good night, folks, here. The great Gilderslave is played by Harold Perry, Helen Nickerbocker by Miss Martha Scott. Music by John Elliott and Andy White with music by Jack Leeds. Included in the cast are Walter Ketley, Mary Lee Robb, Lillian Randolph, Earl Ross, and Dick Legrand. This is John Wall saying good night for the Kraft Foods Company, makers of the famous line of Kraft quality food products. Be sure to listen in next Wednesday and every Wednesday for the further adventures of the great Gilderslave. You'll like this pleasant quick way of making leftovers more delicious. Just add a little Kraft prepared mustard and you add a lot of tang. Hidden flavors in boiled ham, sausage, most any meat, pop right out. Every bite tastes better. Now you can get two kinds of Kraft mustard, salad mustard delicately spiced for those who prefer a milder flavor, and Kraft mustard with snappy horseradish added. Have both kinds in your pantry. Then with every meat dish hot or cold, just add a little mustard and you'll add a lot of tang. Kraft's prepared mustard. This is NBC, the national broadcasting company.