Ladies and gentlemen, tonight you are invited to listen to a new radio program. It's a program conceived by the people who furnish the wires that take this program and every other program to all parts of America and to all of you listeners overseas. We are the people. There are 275,000 of us, of your telephone company and the associated companies covering the rest of the country in the bell system. It is our job to transmit the human voice clearly, faithfully and quickly. Let you talk in person to anybody, anywhere, at any time. Would you like to hear somebody pick up the telephone here in New York? See how quickly and clearly he gets his number and listen into the conversation? You know, every night there are a lot of interesting people from all parts of the country in New York. A number of them are in the studio now to hear our first broadcast. Let's ask one of them to make a telephone call. There's a gentleman from Indiana here. His name is Paul V. McNutt and he's the first gentleman of Indiana because he's the governor of that state. Governor McNutt, is there anyone you would like to call? I'd like to call Indianapolis to see how my family is. Well, go right ahead, Governor. Just pick up this phone here and give the operator your number. I want to call Indianapolis. Riley 7441. Riley 7441, what is your number please? El Dorado 5, 5800. Hold the line, please. Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Riley 7441. Hello? Hello. Is that you, Kathleen? Hello Paul. I knew you were going to call us. Well, how on earth did you know that? I tuned in on the start of the telephone company's program and heard them say you were there in the studio. In fact, I can hear our conversation right now on the radio in the living room. Isn't it odd? It is rather unusual. I just wanted to tell you, things went very well here today and I think I'll be home tomorrow. Then we'll be able to keep our dinner engagements tomorrow night with the Davises? Absolutely. All right. I'll call them up, dear. Goodbye. Goodbye. That was pretty quick work. What would a call like that cost? Well, what do you think, Governor? Oh, I don't know. Quite a way. I'd say between two or three dollars. No, sir. It costs only a dollar and forty cents. The telephone from New York to Indianapolis after eight thirty, station to station rate. And if Mrs. McNutt had been in San Francisco, the same call would have cost only five dollars and fifty cents. Mighty few people realize how little it does cost a phone out of town, especially after eight thirty at night. Across country, across town, the telephone keeps abreast of the faster pace of life today. Take its social use, for example. We have another visitor here in the studio, Emily Post, author of the Book of Etiquette and foremost authority on good taste. What about making social engagements, issuing and accepting invitations by telephone? Is that good form, Mrs. Post? Most decidedly, it is. It's courteous to be prompt, and there isn't anything more direct than the telephone. Well, isn't it rather unusual to acknowledge an invitation to a formal dinner by telephone? Not at all. It's quite proper nowadays. You notice that Mrs. McNutt told the governor she would confirm their dinner engagement by phone. You see, the telephone is such a personal, intimate means of communication. And what's more, having a telephone has made it possible for many a girl and many a young man to be included, where someone without a telephone is left out. Now, if you were giving a dinner, Mrs. Post, just how would you extend the invitation over the telephone? I'd call up one of my friends, whether in the city or the suburbs. And after exchanging greetings, I'd say, Helen, I'm having a few friends in for dinner at 7.30 next Friday night. And I'd like to have you and John join us. I do hope you can come. You see, an invitation by telephone is more than just intimate and direct. You get your acceptances or regrets then and there, instead of waiting for them to come straggling in. Well, I'm sure that a great many people all over the country will be interested to hear these things from you, Mrs. Post. Thank you for coming down this evening. It has been a pleasure. Radio was born of the telephone, and the telephone was born of the American pioneering spirit, the American spirit of impatience with the barriers of time and distance. Ladies and gentlemen, tonight we are sending to you a radio program which we hope will mark a new milestone in American broadcasting. It's based upon the sense of pride and honest patriotism, which each of us feels for the achievements of our country from the earliest times to the present day. As the world moves, 300 short years represent a small span in the history of civilization. But in these years, everything that we think of as American has been created, fought for, achieved. We call our program the Cavalcade of America, and in the simplest fashion at our command, we plan to tell you a group of stories each time that you honor us with your attention at this time. Stories which illustrate the stamina, courage, the vital, solid attributes of the American people. Stories that are American through and through. Stories which we feel will reach the minds and hearts and pride of all Americans young and old. A group of distinguished educators, officials of the American Historical Association, are sponsoring these programs in the sense that they have worked with us to achieve complete accuracy in every episode. They are men and women whose names attest the historical truth and value of all these high adventures in the making of a country. The Cavalcade of America. As you watch the American Cavalcade pass in review, you find much that is not pomp and circumstance, bugle call, or cannon roar. A certain doggedness and perseverance, a willingness to fight it out at all costs, is the most distinguished attribute of the American. Let us go to the vanguard of the American Cavalcade and turn the pages of history to the spring of 1621. To the pilgrim settlement of Plymouth, Massachusetts. The little group of men and women who have survived that first winter, assemble in their rude meeting house by special order of the leader, Master Bradford. In one corner, a young woman and a young man have gone a little apart from the rest. It is like the Sabbath. Is it not Master Winslow all gathering here at the meeting house? Except that Master Bradford will address us instead of Elder Brewster. Looks peregrine. Quiet. Quiet. Why is he called us together, do you suppose, Master Winslow? In the very midst of a busy working day? For some good reason you may be sure, Mr. Swight. When first I heard the sound of the drum, I thought of Indians. My heart went cold. I hurried to get peregrine from her cradle. There were any danger from attack. Indians, you'd not see Captain Standish resting on his musket as he is now. In truth, the Indians sooner send an arrow through your back as you work on the field and sally in the open. No, it's his other business that Master Bradford wants with us. Master Bradford looks stern and sad. It is little to make him smile these days. He grieves for his wife. Poor Mistress Dorothy. It was tragic, her drowning. Two weeks after we landed on these shores... They're about to close the doors.  So many empty benches. They remain but half as many of us now as there were when first those benches were placed there. Look, Bradford is standing. Emotions to us to be quiet. Oh, they're closing the doors. We'll soon know now. Master Bradford's about to speak. My friends, I have called you away from your tasks this morning in order to speak a message of importance. A message which will shape the future of every one of you and the future of Plymouth settlement. For four months, the good ship Mayflower has lain at anchor in this harbor, unable to return to England by reason of the fearful storms and the mortal plague that took off many of its crew. But this morning, a master came to be and informed that, God willing, he will put off the voyage no longer. He is preparing to sail on the fifth day of April, just four days hence. Many of you who wish to return to England on the Mayflower has that privilege. Two of us who came here, only 51 remain. These of old England, we who are in command here, will not try to hold you. May we wish at least to send them back and consider well what we should do. Master Winslow. Well, Mistress White? Good Master Bradford's news seems to have pleased you. Yes, and yet I am sad at the thought of losing some of my good friends. You are sailing then? Perhaps. Why not? What is there for me here? I'm not a delver in the ground. I do not want to till the soil and then suffer death from scurvy. I've tried to do my best, but I don't like it. I've covered a more adventurous life. Is this not a mighty venture? Are we not periled every moment by the savages? The Indians, a narrow in the back, forms lurking in the forest. They don't fight us in the open. They do not meet us like an honorable foe. No, this is not adventure. This is merely hardship and a rude wilderness. True, a wilderness. It is free though, free and honest and God-fearing. And one can pray here in the new world as one chooses. One has time to pray here in the long dreary winters. Why do you stay here, Mr. Swight? What is there here for you? You have suffered much and buried your husband here. And born my child here, remember. The first child to be born after landing on these shores. Then for the sake of the child you should return to England. This is no country in which to bring up a child, particularly a girl child. And why should you be so interested in me and my child, Master Winslow? Mr. Swight, I hate to leave you here in this wilderness for many months now. I've thought of you, I've... You have been very kind, Master Winslow, but do not talk of this before these folk. The meeting house is not yet empty. I've thought of you in holy love, Susanna. These many months, I've longed to take you from this bleak place back to the lovely... That will do, Master Winslow. Please remember that I admire and respect you. And once I thought I almost loved you. But Peregrine and I stay here and leave you the wandering ventures. We will face our hazards here as stoutly as we may. But Susanna, if you only knew how long I've loved you, I... Good day, Master Winslow. But Susanna... I play not with wandering dreams, and I'm holding to this place in purpose. Susanna! Susanna! April 1621, the colonists of Plymouth again assembled. This time not in the rude little meeting house, but on the rocky shore of Plymouth Harbor. All eyes are turned eastward to where the Mayflower rides at anchor ready to set sail. On the shore, the captain, Thomas Jones, is bidding a last farewell to Governor Bradford. Well, sir, the tide will be turning straight away. I must be pushing off. We'll miss you, Captain Jones.  The only country that God forsakes, Captain, are those where people have forsaken him. The fellow I turned to for protection against that Satan's brood of savages is Captain Standish. I mean to know your reverence, sir. I wish you had more real soldiers with you, like him. As yet the Indians have made no open sully, but truly, Captain Standish is doing much for us. Already many of us have mastered the use of arms. Well, Bradford, it's all right for you, I suppose. But me, I'd rather be in a hurricane in a good tight ship than live the bleak and barren life you'll have here. When I reach London, I'll have some peace from worry and a chance for merriment. But you, you must fret with trouble all the time. You like this true, Master. If not these serpent Indians, there'll be puny crops or violent colds, starvation or the scurvy. Master, it falls on the crew how well the ship behaves, does it not? That it does. Well, I have an apt and loyal crew working here for me on the shore, uncomplaining, sharing what they have and facing each new hardship with godly courage. That you have, Bradford. My four months here have taught me that. Do you think any of them will leave with me? That young fellow's low standing over there by the cliff. He might go. He has no stomach for grubbing earth.  Marry with only half a crew and some of them not fit to stand. I could straightway put some more hands to the ropes. We need more hands ourselves. A spring planting to be head. A new building, woods to be cleared. I only hope most of the younger men decide to stay. I think they will. She'll be a grievous thing to lose one man. We may need every fighter we can get. That you may. For sooth I, I still dare hope that none of them will leave. They have to as folly, but already I'm proud of our little settlement in the new world and I miss like to see, to see anyone turn back. Yes, I know your heart. Sort of like dessert in the ship. Well, if you have any to take the passage, I hope they'll hasten. The tide's turning. I told them to come here to the boat. I see none yet. Winslow seems to be undecided. He and God must choose his path. I must take leave, row out to the ship and be quick to sail in a moment's notice. But before I weigh anchor, I'll watch sharp for your signal. I'll wave a white cloth. But if any of our people change their minds, I'll fire a shot. I must give them every chance to read their own purpose. I shall wait the signal. Good hope, sir. I hope the next few months will be easier. We'll be praying for you. Good hope, Captain. And Godspeed. Oh, Master Jones! Oh, Master Jones! Oh, just a moment, if you please. Well, surely, Mr. Swight, have you and your little baby decided to be our passengers? Oh, no, Master Jones. I would not leave here. But I have a little packet for my dearest friend in London. Would it be too much to ask you to take it for me? Why, surely not, Mr. Swight. It's all superscribed. Here it is. I will bear it safely, Mr. Swight. Never fear. I must hasten weigh anchor while the tide is right. Godspeed. Godspeed. Godspeed. Good matter. Push her off, boy. Oh, thank you. Good bye. Oh, yes, Master Winslow. I thought you were leaving us. I saw you standing near us, and I waited for you to step forward. I do not go, sir. Oh, peregrine hush. It is not yet too late. I shall signal the boat if you wish to leave. Master Bradford, I yearn to go. Then as I came down to the shore, a word you spoke turned my heart to a better purpose.  I am going now to the others. Master Bradford looks blighter than I have seen him in many a month. Ah, Mr. Swight, you have speech with me once more. Since that day at the meeting house when Master Bradford broke the news of the Mayflower leaving, you've scarce bathed me good morning. I beseech you, Master Winslow. I was angry because... because you were leaving. But what made you change your purpose? You angered toward me when I set my heart for England. Susanna, let me speak of... Meet my question first, Master Winslow. Why did you not leave? It was a brave word. I heard Master Bradford speak to the master of the ship. He said, I misliked to see anyone turn back. That's what I was doing. Turning back. I see it now. Edward, I too. I want not to turn back. I want to press on and make a new life here. Susanna, might we not press on together here in Plymouth? Master Winslow, take care. There are many people here. All the folk will hear you. They give no heed to us. Their eyes are fixed on the Mayflower. Oh, here comes Master Bradford. He seems bent upon a word with us. Men and women of Plymouth. Our good friend, the master, is at this moment boarding the ship. All sails are set. A sign from me and the Mayflower will hoist anchor and turn her course for England. Before I give that sign, let me ask you all once more. For the last time, do any of you wish to return? It is not too late to change your minds. One word. Your last chance, Edward. I have made my choice. Then I give the Mayflower a sign to sail. Oh, God. They're pulling up the anchor. I can see them.   They are not their hoisting. I can see them. All line of men. The ship is veering round now. The sails are filling. How white they gleam in the sun. Glad I am. The sun is shining so fair today. The earth feels warm and rich at last. Look, the Mayflower gains its headway. Look, Peregrine. Look, baby. I wish she might stand this morning on her memory. She's looking landward. She's right, too. While, look back, when there's so much ahead. Would I could see what is ahead? All that we dreamed of when we came here. All that anyone could ask for. Work. Good friends. The worship of God. And love. Yes. I think so. Now. Elder Brewster has read the burial service over many of our number, but the marriage service never. We'll be the first. Look, the Mayflower's flag is dipping. And there goes the last salute. Pilgrims made their choice and flung defiance at the dark forests of New England. Their will to persevere became a cornerstone of American character. And from such people came the power to conquer a continent. Nearly two centuries later, settlers were still battling for their homes and their freedom. This time it was a brave band of settlers who had penetrated the forests of Kentucky and directed a crude settlement called Bryan's Station. Not far from what is now the city of Lexington. With crude implements, they had built a palisade with a blockhouse at each corner. On the evening of August 15th, 1782, a messenger brings word that another party of settlers only a few miles away have been defeated in a fight with the Indians. Prouding about the messenger, the men of Bryan's Station hear the story of the encounter. They vote to avenge the defeat, although they know savages lurk in the forest just outside the stockade walls. William Reynolds, a young pioneer who has been scouting, reports to Captain John Craig, commander of Bryan's Station. Well, I tell you Captain Craig, there ain't a doubt of it. I saw Indians everywhere. And if the men leave for Hoy's now, every woman in this station will be scalp cleaned. You think it's a trap, Reynolds?  Where do you think most of their force is? I reckon most of them hiding around that there spring down the hill, the one where we got our water. Yeah, what are we going to do for water? We can't hold out that water. Well, there's just one thing in our favor, man. The Indians don't know we've discovered him. We've got to act like we don't know they're out there. Reynolds, gather all the women of the station here at once. Have them bring all their noggins and pales. Sure, Captain, I'll get on. Oh, well. Yes, sir. Captain. You coming, Captain? Yes, sir. What can we do? Well, now, you think you could trick yourselves two good horses to get from here to Lexington? Yeah, sure. We could try. We'll get a move on. And when you get outside, don't run unless you're shot at. Yes. Like you was going hunting. I don't think you'll be stopped. The Indians won't risk shooting until they find out how strong we are. Reynolds, are we okay? We're okay, too. Say, Captain Craig, my Lucy and the baby there had my cabin outside the station. How about I get them in here? All right, Morgan. I'm going to send the girls down to the spring. Have Lucy join them and bring her water back here. Yes, Captain. I'll send her and bring our baby to the fort himself. Hurry up. And when you get back, take charge of the West Blockhouse. Now hurry. You can count on me, Captain. Here come the girls. Captain, full force. They're not afraid of the Indians. Good, good. Is everybody here? Sure, we're here. Now, ladies, I want you to listen carefully.  Quiet down, girls. Well, what is it? Outside the stockade, there's a large force of Indians. Well, hush, hush, girls.  I think they're waiting for us men to march on to Hoy's. Then they can get us from ambush. Now, we don't want them to know our strength. So we've got to stay here and pretend we don't know there's an Indian in the country. The longer we fool them, the better chance we have of being reinforced from Lexington. I've seen Thomason and Bell, and they may get through. If you're figuring on playing possum in this hole, you'd better hike down to spring and draw some water. My husband didn't leave enough whiskey to last for all of us. All right, your mamma Johnson. I'm going to ask you to lead the women down to that spring, and you better draw all the water you can. Lord Captain, we ain't Indian fighters. Why don't you lead the men down there? Sure. Because that would be playing into the Indians' hands. If you women go down there just as you do every morning and pretend that nothing is wrong, I don't think you'll be touched. The Indians want to capture the station and kill the men in it.   Show some spirit. You're cocking up around here. That'll do for me, child. More like it. Would you go, Jemima? Well, I can fill two noggins, but I can't haul water for the whole station. Who's going with me? We have to have water, don't we? We can't live without it, and the mayor's worst is no way for us to have food and drink. He'd say Jemima's learn never turns back.  Forget water every morning. And the blessing of God almighty, the Father, the Son, the Holy Cross. You usually sing, girls, when you're going for water. Now act just the way you always do, so the Indians won't suspect we know they're out in the bushes. Come on, now sing. I'm Zustin Warden. My, she's pale. James Storm had come and helped me carry Warden to the stocking. Oh, Lucy, ain't you scared? Yes, but we've got to make believe we ain't. Let's talk loud. It's nice living outside the palace. They eat on a lovely morning like this. Oh, my baby.  Yes, must be fun to see the sunrise and everything. Oh, how could you do it? You may never see him again. Oh, let James pack him up. He's driving the baby to his back. Brush the other side of the spring. They're not to know how to carry him. We must protect them. Don't look over there. It's all right. Well, that's a mighty, pretty white hanky you're wearing, Lucy. Don't mean much. James Morgan can't be mollycoddling you much in this country. He gave me this kerchief when we were married. Well, let's be getting back. I saw something move. If your mama would stop singing, she'd be able to walk fast. I'll open the gate. My baby, I must be sure he's safe. Oh, don't leave us, Lucy. Hey, Lucy, come back here. Don't go back to your cabin. Come back. Oh, Jemima, stop Lucy from going. It's too late now. She'll do what James did. See any Indians, Jemima? I didn't see any, but I could sort of feel them out there. The birds were quiet, and there was quite a bit of movement in the cornfield. Reynolds, you better close that gate. Jemima, you and the girls take that water to the central cabin. Then it's crammed behind the men of the loopholes and help them reload. All right, Captain. Do you see anything in the Morgans? They aren't in from their cabin yet. Lucy Morgan went to the spring with us. James told her to draw water and come back here, but she got scared about a baby and went back to her cabin. Oh, that's bad. I wish they'd heard of you. We need everybody here. The Indians will attack those outside cabins first. I tried to stop her. You and the girls have a real target. Look, look, they're creeping up on Morgan's cabin. Look, he's got the baby strapped to his back. Come back, William. Good work, Morgan. I thought we'd lost you. Reynolds, take that baby to Jemima. Get back here as fast as you can. Yeah? Where's your wife, Morgan? I left her under the cabin in that little cellar. There was no time. I thought she'd be safer there until dawn. Won't they find her there? No, I don't think so. We were just about to make a break for it when I saw the Indians coming. I put Lucy in the cellar and moved a big piece of slab rock over it. Then the Indians broke down the door and found me there alone. That shot one of them and dropped my gun on Randford. Good work. I'll get a gun and take charge of the northwest block house. Yes, sir. I'm going to get back. Lucy, she'll suffocate in that cellar. It's too late, Morgan. You can't go back now. The whole thing is a blade.  Get out of my way, Captain. I'm going back. Drive on Reynolds. Hold it. Get away from that gate. Let me go. I've got to go back. Oh, steady, Morgan. It's too late now and we need you here alive.   And so the battle raged. The Indians attacking from the woods by the spring were fought back with desperate courage. Some of them even reached the stockade and threw burning torches out of the rough clapboard roofs of the cabins on the western side. For a while as the blaze raged, the pioneers lost hope. Then a breeze blew across the settlement, blowing the sparks away from the walls. And the fire, finding no more fuel, gradually died out. Now and then a flaming arrow fell on a roof of the settlement. But the boys of the garrison, lying on the inwards sloping roofs, plucked the arrows and threw them away before damage was done. At sunset, all firing stopped. A figure came out of the forest, bearing a white flag. It stood on a stump and hailed the station. Plung his desperate defiance at the enemy, Morgan crept from the stockade. He could wait no longer. He must see for himself what lay under the ashes of his cabin. Whether there was any hope that Lucy might still be alive. The lurid light of Indian campfires shone against the forest, but no shots disturbed the silence. In the station, the pioneers waited for the attack, waited for the cannon that would blow the stockade to pieces and put them at the mercy of the scalping knife. In the early dawn, Reynolds stood by the stockade gate and tried to keep awake. Crazy? No. I had to see. I had to make sure. Your wife was sheep. Did you find her? Or anything? Lucy's dead. I found bones, charred bones. That's all. There was an Indian sneaking around the ruins with her handkerchief. He's dead, too, now.  If we get out of here alive. The water's most gone, too. Captain says if help doesn't come pretty soon. Who's there? Thompson, any looks in the woods? Are you sure it's not a trap? Clearly sure, Captain. I rode all around over Yonder and they're all gone down the track called Blue Lake. I picked up their tracks and followed them a mile or more. No sign of cannon? No, sir. So that cannon threat was just a trick? Well, folks, I guess we've out guessed them once again. Travel isn't over, don't you believe that? We've got to join forces with hoys and the other stations and run the Redskins clean out of the country. They'll strike again and this time we must strike first. I'm believing right now before we're cut off again. Oh, that's... you've shown a lot of courage. Courage? No, it isn't that. What have I lived for without Lucy? Well, look down by the spring. There's something's moving. But Lucy, I went to the cabin. There were charred bones. I thought all that arrest has failed, James. She's been through enough. I'm all right, your mama. When you left, James, two engines came in and fought over those two bright dresses of mine and those English knives. Oh, darling. I could hear them fighting and rolling on the slab above me. It scared me, James, and I... Then what I saw were the bones of the dead Indians. Yes, James. I was tied to a tree till this morning when the Indians retreated. They moved fires and left me. I got the songs loose. And now... Mission, sir. Take my wife and boy back to Lexington as soon as possible. Certainly, Morgan. Take two good horses. And, uh, maybe others who care to go back. I'll send an escort. Thanks. Ryan's station and other forts along the frontier did much to win the revolution and American freedom. Then slowly, but surely, the cavalcade moved westward, winning a continent, battling doggedly against nature and the Red Man. After the pioneers came the farmers, and they too rank high in our history, a century and a half have passed. It is the summer of 1931. The scene is the kitchen of a small South Dakota farmhouse. Sarah Winslow is busily preparing supper. Well, I'll give the biscuits just about five minutes more.  Mom, uh, I... Yes, Ned? This is July. Anybody who's been canning tomatoes over a hot stove all day don't have to be told that. College opens in September. September 24th, the catalog says. What's the chances do you think am I getting to go? Well, it's too early to say yet, son. The summer has started out good. Crops are pretty promising. Nothing happens. I guess your father will be in a position to spare you in the fall.  I won't ask a cent from Dad. With what I've saved and what I can earn, I'll get along fine. Well, we'll see. I don't want to make any promises like we did last summer and then have to break them. Gosh, what a summer that was. Not a drop of rain for 17 long weeks. Hmm, can't even bear to think about it. Waking up morning after morning to see that sun look a great ball of copper. And the crops drying up, shriveling, shrieking for water. That's the worst of farming.  Then along comes a drought or a freeze or a flood or some kind of a blight. Where are you? Worse often when you're started. I know. Yeah, we keep on farming just the same. I'm not so sure that I will. When I finish college, I might get myself a job in a... Now, your family been farmers for generations, isn't it, Winslow? Well, I guess you're not going to give it up for any white-collar city job. You're great, great, great. Well, I don't know quite how many greats it was, but your grandfather was one of the first white men to plant corn in this country. The Indians showed him how.  Be burned up by the sun or rotted by rain or eaten up by pests. What is your saying about pests? Your son was just getting in practice for the college debating team, that's all. All I mean while I like is not my biscuits are burned to a crisp. Well, as a matter of fact... How you two get your hands and faces washed, now I'll have things dished up in a jiffy. All right. Hold on, wait a minute, Father. What? You got a couple of grasshoppers on your coat, see? Oh, don't brush them off in here. Go outside. I want them nasty things to start hopping around my kitchen. There's an awful lot of grasshoppers around lately, just in the last few days. Have you noticed? Yeah, I picked half a dozen of them off for cucumber vines this morning. They were eating the leaves as greedy as anything.  You talk, sir, if my cucumber vines didn't matter. Well, we don't depend on cucumbers for our living. My cucumber pickles taking second prize at the State Fair for three years now. And if it don't take first prize this year, I... Oh, there's one of those pesky creatures under the sink. What of it, Mom? They're harmless. Oh, no, not this variety. What do you mean, Dad? Well, these ain't the regular, ordinary variety of grasshoppers that you get every summer. They're a special breed. Yeah, they got a couple of stripes down their backs. Have you noticed that? They're an appetite that's never satisfied. An appetite for what? Anything, everything. Why, Chad Sunderland was telling me today they had the same thing in Colorado one summer, about 10 years ago. When they got through the barn, the crops, they even made the binder twine. Oh, father, I can't believe it. Well, if you don't mind holding supper a few minutes, Mother, I'd like to put in a phone call. Everything will get cold. Couldn't it wait till after supper? No, no, I want to get hold of the county agent and ask him what to do about these grasshoppers. Well, is there anything you can do? Chad tells me they used poison form in Colorado. Poison? Uh-huh. Made some kind of a mash and mixed arsenic with it, spreading around their fields. Nice job for a hot July day. You dish things up and get started. I'll be right back. All right. Come on, son. See, you got cucumber pickle on the table, Mom. We always have cucumber pickles with cold hands. You may not next season, according to Dad. With these grasshoppers, I mean. Oh, I'll protect my cucumber vines, don't you worry. I'll cover them over so the grasshoppers don't see them. The green color that attracts them. Yeah, the grasshoppers will probably all be gone a little while though. You know, Dad's an awful alarmist. Always expecting the worst. Worst has happened so many times. That's why. The drought last year just about ruined it. Oh, here he comes now. Ned, don't say anything to him this evening about college. He's not in the mood to talk about it. I can see. All right, Mom. Well, Father, what did he say? It seems just about every farmer in the county is calling him all of a sudden. Find out how we're going to fight this grasshopper plague. Grasshoppers darkens the sun and settles over the fields leaving them barren of crops and the farmers in desperate poverty. Finally, one hot August afternoon, we find Sarah in her kitchen. Hello, Jane. Hello, Sarah. I just dropped in for a second. We're on our way to the prayer meeting. I'm Joan's field. Are you going? Yes, just since Edward and Ed get in, they've been working day and night, scattering poison mash. There's so much ground to cover and only the two of them to do it. How about your cucumber vines? Are we able to save them? My cucumber vines, goodness me. Didn't they tell you what happened to them? No. Last I heard you were keeping them covered with dish towels. You won't believe it, but those grasshoppers ate the vines, dish towels and all. Well, I can believe it. You heard about the experience the Lindstroms had, didn't you? What? You know, the Swedish family that leased the old fuller farm. Yeah, yeah. What happened? They decided the best way to get rid of the grasshoppers was to send their turkeys out into the fields to eat them up. Yes. They figured they'd do two things at the same time. Clean out the grasshoppers and cotton up the turkeys. I must say, the idea of eating a Thanksgiving turkey that's been stuffed with grasshoppers kind of takes my appetite away. I should say so. Well, when the turkeys came back home to roost that night, them grasshoppers would script them as bears if they'd been plucked in your own kitchen. How can you laugh, Jane? I think it's dreadful. Well, if I didn't laugh at some of the things that's happening these days, Sarah, I'd go crazy.  If something don't happen pretty soon, I don't know what we'll do. There's nothing we can do, but go on. We can't quit. How does young Ned feel about it?  Oh, he's all right. Well, Ned don't set much store of a prey in him, Fred.  We can't just pray for rain and for relief from famine and war and pestilence. If the Lord can send relief for them things, I guess he can send relief for a plague of grasshoppers. Well, the folks are waitin' out in the car. I better be goin'. You see, it's service. Sony's stepped for us. Walkin''s better than drivin', anyway. Well, I just come in the short distance we did. Our car got stalled twice. Grasshoppers cloggin' up the radiator. Good. Well, goodbye. Goodbye, Jane. Come on as soon as Mother's ready. See you there. Goodbye. Goodbye. I'll be ready in a minute, Edward. Just let me get my hat. My, but it's hot. It must be 110 the shade. The weather report over the radio said it was the hottest August 14th, and I don't know how many years. Hmm. Seems hotter when there's no green in sight. Well, I'm ready now. All right. Comin' to the service, Ned? Oh, well, I suppose so. Well, it won't hurt, Jenny. Well, let's start. Yeah, come on. Even hotter out here. Yeah. By the way, Mother, I saw Miss Granister in town this morning. Told me to tell you goodbye. They're leavin'? They've left. She said she's drivin' over here to see ya before they went, but it was all decided to sudden. Where they goin'? Some place, she says, where there's no grasshoppers or droughts or floods. Then they're givin' up farming for good? Looks that way. Well, they show good sense. The rest of us oughta do the same thing. You don't really mean that, son. Sure I do, Dad. What's the use of breakin' your back and breakin' your heart, farming? Well, somebody's gotta do it. Somebody's gotta plant and cultivate and harvest crops, feed the rest of the world. Your cities are all right and fine, but where would they be without the farmer? Where would they get their bread and their butter and their milk and their other food stuff? Well, they'll get from us this year. Look, Dad. Look at that field we're passin' now. Just stubble. Not a thing left. There's always another year ahead of us, though. That's the great thing about farming. No matter how bad one season it be, there's always the hope and the chance that the next year will be a good one. If you can live till the next year on nothin' but hope, we've still got our cows and chickens, a few acres of corn. We're fightin' a losin' battle, Dad. What can you and I do, scatterin' poison by hand against billions of grasshoppers? The government may provide aid to us. The government, they promised help, but where is it? When does college open, son? College? Why, 24th of September. Better right. Send in your application. Why, I... I... Dad. I know how you feel about farming, boy. I know how bad you wanna get away. I'd be the last person on Earth to try and keep you here. But, Dad, I... I couldn't go and leave you in a jam like this. We can get along. Would... Would you and Mother leave too? How about it, Mother? Leave the farm. Our lease expires this fall. But why should we leave? Because times are bad. Oh, that's no reason. Well, there's a quittin'. Not this family. Our folks have been farmers for generations, Father. Yours and mine both. The Winslow's and the Morgan's. They fought all the things that we've been fighting. And they won out. Well, looks like the service is about to start. Oh, my, look at Jones Field. Just a lot of stubble. Last year it was waving corn. And now everybody in the county must be there. Seems funny, don't it? Begathering for prayer in a field. No church in the county big enough to hold this congregation. Anyhow, it's... it's more fitting to pray out here. It's our fields that have been laid waste after all. Farmers do have courage.  Let's stop here, where we can see him. All right, yes. We can hear just as well here. Sure. Oh, there's poor Mrs. Nardquist. She's crying. Well, you can't blame her. She lost her whole property. She's only been out here two years. I must speak to her after the service. Maybe there's a little something we could do for her. Yes, yes. I hear she's almost starving. Gee, there must be over a thousand people here. And every one dog tired from fighting grasshoppers. You know, it's funny. A lot of them are worse off than we are. But somehow, they don't look as if they were licked. Look, the minister's holding up his hand for quiet. You know, Dad, there's something about these farmers all out here. Praying. It gets me. There is something in farming. I guess that's why your mother and I are staying. I'm staying too. No, no, no. Don't you do it.  You've already put it off one finger. Don't hurt me to wait a little longer. Dad, I've got some money saved. I...it's yours. I want you to have it. What? What, son? We'll see this thing through together. You and mother and I. Boy, I can't tell you how I feel you're saying you'll stick with us. Listen, what's that? Oh, it's a plane, Mom. The mail plane. Why, the mail plane ain't due here for three hours. Father, Ned, look. What? The plane, look. Gosh, but it's flying low. That cloud, that's following it. What is it? Why? Poison bait. It's a government plane. Scattering poison. It's manna from heaven. That's what it is. Our prayers have been answered. Our fields are already white with it. He's flying towards Venice this farm now. The farm they live. Yes. I'm glad I stayed. I'm glad we stayed. Country's history. The face new and even greater problems with the courage and fearlessness of those who went before us in the cavalcade of America. The pioneer spirit of today faces new fronts with the old courage and within the organizations of such companies as your telephone company, men strive toward making life fuller and better. This urge to go forward, the determination to stick it out in the face of overwhelming odds is the attribute which describes perhaps better than any other. The life of one of America's great industrial pioneers. Theodore N. Vail. A man whose whole life was dedicated to making a dream come true. A dream that someday American men and women would talk clearly to each other across this continent. Mr. Vail pushed the long distance telephone in every direction in spite of opposition and the most appalling difficulties. With his great friend General Carti who solved his engineering difficulties he welded the entire nation into a closer communion than had ever been thought possible. But still he was unsatisfied. He had been unable to get a really clear connection between San Francisco and New York. That is to say, clear enough to satisfy Mr. Vail. There are many legends about the actual opening of the transcontinental line. All telephone history is a little clouded in myths but the version we like best is this. Time and again Mr. Vail said, Carti, your connection with the coast is still not good enough for the American people. And then one January night in 1915 well Mr. Vail at that time president of the American telephone and telegraph company was at Jekyll Island off the Georgia coast the telephone rang. Mr. Vail picked up the receiver. Hello, this is Vail speaking. Hello Mr. Vail, this is Carti. Hello Carti, where are you? I'm talking from New York. Why, it sounds as if you were in the next room. Do you think the quality is good? Yes, but how are you getting along Carti and linking New York with San Francisco? We're coming along fine. Well, when you get this clear connection between New York and San Francisco you and I have now between New York and Georgia I'll accept it. Well then Mr. Vail, it's already accepted. What do you mean Carti? I mean that this conversation we're holding is not going direct from New York to Jekyll Island. It's going by way of Buffalo, Chicago and Denver to San Francisco and back through Kansas City, St. Louis, Cincinnati and Atlanta to Jekyll Island. That was a great achievement. And the 20 years since that first coast to coast telephone connection have brought forth even greater achievements. Nations have been linked with nations. Continents with continents. In 1921 radio broadcasting came into being and the telephone company had a new set of problems to conquer in another field of communications. Indeed this very program to which you are listening is made possible by telephone equipment with thousands of miles of lines which link together the widely scattered stations in this coast to coast network. Today's president of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company is Mr. Walter S. Gifford. He is here tonight and he would like to say a few words. Mr. Gifford. Ladies and gentlemen, I hope you've enjoyed this program. We want it to be more if possible than just an hour of radio entertainment. We want it to be a real contribution to broadcasting and we believe the radio public wants an hour of this sort. Particularly do we hope that the younger people will feel an interest in this program and with that purpose in mind we will hold a series of nationwide essay contests which we are going to call the Bell Systems Scholarships. Mr. Utel will tell you about them now. Thank you. The Bell Systems Scholarships will be awarded each month to two groups of students. Boys and girls from 14 to 19 years of age and boys and girls from 8 to 13 who write the best essays on the American attributes and the national characteristics dramatized in the cavalcade of America. For the older group, they will be each month a first prize of $500, a second prize of $200, a third prize of $50 and 25 prizes of $10 each. For the younger group, there will be these prizes, $250 first prize, $100 second prize, $25 third prize and 25 prizes of $5 each. For full information about these Bell Systems Scholarships apply to your telephone company or to the station to which you are listening. You will receive an entry blank whether with a booklet in which you will find printed. The episodes presented in the cavalcade of America. We invite you to join us again next Friday evening at the same hour when your telephone company in the Bell System will continue the cavalcade of America.


This is Andy Fisher, WWE News on a rainy night in Manhattan. The forecast tells us it may dry out for a bit tomorrow, but the rain will be back tomorrow night in Saturday. The British are likely to have their first female prime minister before very long. We'll have an election update, tell you about the NFL draft, the Mets lost to the Giants, and of course, game four of the Stanley Cup semifinals. All the news and sports wrap up after the Sears Radio Theater. That's the theme from the Sears Radio Theater. Tonight, a program of love and hate with Cicely Tyson as your hostess. Here's a preview. I'm certain, Grandmother. Grandmother. I love hearing you say it. It means that I'm something to someone.  I'm not alone anymore. The Sears Radio Theater will begin after this message from your local station. It's an answer time. I know the questions. You know the answers, or do you? First question. Who is the detective hero created by a famous female British mystery writer? I don't know. Right. Second question. Which author was the creator of Sam Spade and a close friend of Lillian Hellman? Martin Mayonnaise. Correct. For a thousand bobbling. Third question. What is the name of the greatest killer of all time? A thousand bobbling. The greatest killer of all time is heart and blood vessel disease. It's no joke. More people die of heart and blood vessel disease each year than of all other causes of death combined. We'd like to change that. We're the American Heart Association. Call us to find out where free blood pressure screenings are being held. Remember, we're fighting for your life. This is Sicily Tyson. In a small rural community, some hundred miles inland of a southern seaboard state, Indian summer has lingered long. October's nearly gone, and still the sun-heavy air blows across the tall grass, making its shimmons sway like the distant and undulating ocean. Then it appears on the horizon, large and yellow, high-flying and racing, responding wildly to the air currents far above. A kite. Magnificent and proud. Following the taut white string downward from it, we find two figures running with the kite. Alex Brevet is 17 years old. He is tall and slender. His strides are long and loping. The easy and smooth movements of youth. His much smaller companion keeps abreast of him, taking two steps for every one of his, holding her fine-boned face up to watch every motion of the kite, her long silver hair fanning out behind her. After running up a gently sloping hill, she falters. Her eyes close. She loses sight of the kite and her hand goes to her constricting chest. Alex runs on, unaware, and then realizing that he's alone, he stops and turns back to her. Eugenia Granville stands atop the rise and watches her grandson turn and run swiftly away from her. Her strength can be clearly seen in her face, but now there is fear there, too. Fear of the pain which has come again. Her hand pressed over her heart. Eugenia Granville waves her left arm encouragingly toward Alex, unable to speak because of the pain. The silver-haired spectator standing alone endures familiar intimations of mortality as she salutes the exuberance of youth in the running figure of her grandson. And that's only the beginning of our story. Exceptional entertainment every week. Brought to you in Elliott Lewis' production of The Sears Radio Theater. Our story, The Other Grandmother by Pamela Russell. Our stars, Corey Burton, Virginia Gregg, and Jean Howell. The Sears Radio Theater is brought to you by Sears Robuck & Company. Sears, where America shops for value. It's a place with color fireworks, 100% cotton-point-tale knit to keep you cool and comfortable all summer. And just because they're natural, doesn't mean they're neutral. Discover a gently-gattered skirt, a cap sleeve shirt, a tank top, all bursting in colors, just waiting to be mixed or matched. For a day in the sunshine or a night under the stars, color fireworks is what's happening in Mrs. Pointale's efforts. For Mother's Day, give mom a hand. With handy appliances from Sears, prices have been cut on Sears' best food processor, 14-speed blender with jars, and a push-button self-cleaning broiler oven. Save money and she'll save time on ironing day with a spray-steam-and-dry self-cleaning iron. So give mom a helping hand on Mother's Day, and save at Sears. Sealand's May 26th, dates may vary in Alaska and Hawaii. Eastern, Central, or Pacific time, Mother's Day is an important time. Remember, mom, with a timely example of sophisticated design. A Seiko watch from Sears. Seiko has a reputation you can count on. In styles that range from sporty with leather wristbands to elegant bracelet watches in white or yellow gold color cases. Choose mom's precision-made Seiko with 17-jewel or quartz movements from Sears. But hurry, Mother's Day is coming May 13th. All items available at most larger Sears retail stores. Seeing her grandson Alex manipulate the flight of his high flying kite, Eugenia Granville stands alone on the rise of the hill. She breathes deeply, trying to ease the pain that tears at her heart. Now she wonders not if, but when it will come again, and if she can bear it. She looks to Alex and smiles as he deftly and expertly reels in the kite and heads back toward her. Did you see? I did. It was higher than ever before. Oh, are you okay, Gran? Fine. I just wanted to stand back and watch you. Oh, maybe you're tired. Oh, tired. Maybe you, not me. You think Mother has dinner waiting for us? Probably. And I'll bet she's mad as a wet hip. Your Mother just doesn't appreciate the fine art of kite flying. My own daughter, I can't understand it. Should we go back? In a minute, Alex. You sure you're all right, Gran? Just look around you, Alex. We won't have many more days like this one. Summer's almost over. Yes. Summer. Alex, when your father died, it was a very sad time. He was a fine man. You were too young to know him and that's a shame.  Gran, why are you talking like this? Like something was about to end. Something is ending. What? Summer, Alex. Summer. Let's go back to the house now. Seeing the folded yellow kite and the woman with her hand to her heart begin walking slowly down the gentle hill. The sun is setting and the sky is turning pale before it darkens into night. A cold gust of wind has come in suddenly. That night, Virginia Granville, Alex's beloved gran, dies in her sleep. Alex returns home from school to find his mother in his grandmother's room standing amid piles of clothes and shoes. The room is chaos. Alex's thinking of its peaceful beauty and order when Gran was alive, angrily approaches his mother. What are you doing? I'm sorting out Gran's things. Why? Because this is something that has to be done. Why? Because, Alex. That's not a reason. That's not an answer. I know you're upset. I'm trying to make allowances for you, but I won't have you speaking to me this way. I am your mother.  Why are you doing this? Can't you just leave the room alone and her things? Why do you have to go pawing through them, divvying them up? Alex, there are people who could use these clothes. They need them. It's foolish and worse, very selfish to want to let them just hang in the closet when they could be used and appreciated. But they're Gran's. Gran is dead, Alex. You have to accept that.  I care. We all mourn in different ways, Alex. I'm grieving for Gran in my way. You can't see it. Maybe you're too young to understand. I'm not too young. Why do you always say things like that? Gran never did. All right, Alex. You and Gran were great friends. You loved her and she loved you. Well, now Gran is gone and you're left with me. I know you don't like that, but you're going to have to live with it. Mother, why don't you stop for a while? Come for a walk with me. No, I want to finish up. Mother, please. I have to get this done. Why? Because I have to. After my father died, did you give away all his things, too? Is that why I have nothing of his? Nothing of him at all? You have everything of his.  Is that why you can't look at me, mother? Look at me! You are so like him. Shouldn't that make you happy? Should? It should, but it doesn't. It makes me sad. It makes me remember. And I don't want to remember. It doesn't help. It only hurts. He shouldn't have died. It was all beginning for him. And because it was a foggy night and someone crossed over to the wrong side of the highway, did he have to die? I won't remember. There's no good in it. But I didn't give his things away. Where are they? They're up in the attic, in boxes. Everything, his papers, his clothes, pictures, books, everything. I couldn't stand to see them and I... and I couldn't stand to have them gone, either. Mother, come with me. Where? Up to the attic. No. I can't. All right, that's the way you want it. All right. Why did you wait so long to tell me? Did it ever occur to you that even if you didn't, I might want to see his things?  I'm not. I'm going up to the attic. Saved everything for you, Alex. Everything. You'll see. Now a special message of interest to shoppers across America from Sears. Everybody has been talking about inflation. Well, here's what Sears is helping to do about it. Starting the 1st of May, all prices in Sears Spring General Catalog will be reduced 5%. This means a discount of 5% will automatically be taken off the price of anything and everything you order from the Spring General Catalog between May 1st and July 31st, 1979. Also beginning in May, Sears retail stores across the nation will reduce their regular price of selected items, which means you can expect even greater values. In addition, for limited periods of time, Sears will sharply reduce the price on scores of items in our retail stores. Watch for these Sears Super Values on TV, radio and magazines, and your local paper, and your benefit from price cuts each month. Everyone wants to control inflation. These are some of the ways Sears is helping to do it. Sears. Where America shops for value. And she leaps ahead wearing Sears Action Playware for juniors. There's saucy yellow-bibbed overalls with a striped tank top underneath. What a look! But wait! Another girl in blight blue pleated shorts and rugby-style shirt pops up from behind. Ladies and gentlemen, who will win this leapfrog race? The white winners in these cool cotton tops and bottoms of cotton and polyester. All bright summer, wow colors! And they're tied! Sears Junior Action Playware for championship looks. At most larger Sears retail stores. She had been as close as friend, as confidant. The one person with whom he could share his thoughts. There was an empty space there for in his heart. A space he had to fill. Mother! Mother! In the kitchen! Alex, dinner's almost ready. I'm not very hungry. Sit down, I've fixed a good dinner for you. Mother! Go ahead and eat, Alex. Don't wait for me. I'll be there in a minute. Mother, I... Do you want some milk or tea? Oh, I made a big picture of iced tea this afternoon. Would you rather have that? The milk is fine. Well, thank you. Mother, I want to... You need, Alex, for goodness sake. Don't wait for me. I said I wasn't hungry. All right. Don't eat.   Mother, will you listen to me, please? About what? You want me to listen to you about this afternoon? We both said things we shouldn't have. It's forgotten. No, it's not. Please sit down, Mother. Stop fussing and fiddling. Sit down and talk to me, please. All right, Alex. Mother, my father's family... He had none. He was an only child. His parents died when he was very young. He was raised by an aunt. She died when he was 19. Are you sure of that? Well, he may have been 18 when she died. No, I mean, are you sure about his parents? Well, yes. Why? I found something up in the attic today. What did you find? A letter. It was to Father, and it was from a nurse. She was writing to him about his mother. Oh, no, it couldn't be. You must have misunderstood it. No, I didn't. I read that letter over three times. It seems to me his aunt was ill and in the hospital when she died. Well, perhaps the nurse just assumed that his aunt was his mother. It would be an easy enough mistake to make. I'm sure that's all it was. And did you try some of the pot roast? I think it's especially good tonight. Mother, it wasn't Father's aunt that the nurse was writing about. What do you mean? That's the only reasonable explanation.  The nurse couldn't possibly have been writing about her. My father's aunt. What did she die of? I don't remember. Didn't Father ever say? Try to remember. Why is this so important to you? Please try to remember. Let me think. It seems to me that your father once mentioned her having a weak heart. So heart trouble, I guess that was it. Then there was no mistake. That letter wasn't about his aunt. It was about my father's mother. My other grandmother. Alex, I don't know what you're talking about. You're not making any sense. They don't put people with weak hearts in mental hospitals. Mental hospital? That's right. The letter was written by a nurse in a mental hospital. It was dated 1965. My grandmother didn't die when my father was a baby. She was alive in 1965. She may still be alive right now. And mother, I'm going to find out. I'm going to that hospital. She's probably been gone for years, Alex. That letter is 14 years old. I don't care how old it is, I'm going. Are you going to ask me not to? Are you going to try to stop me from finding my grandmother? No. But I wish that you'd let me call there first before we go. We? Yes. I'm going with you. All right. But I don't want you to call first. I just want to go. Fine. Do you want to know what the nurse wrote in the letter? Well, of course I do. Well, she wrote telling father that his mother didn't belong in the hospital and that she was fit to come home. Why did he leave her there, mother? Why did he tell you that she was dead? Why did my father leave his own mother in a mental hospital pretending that she was dead when he could have had her with him? Why, mother? Those are very difficult questions. I don't know why your father told me that his mother was dead, but he must have had his reasons and good ones. I do know why he didn't take her out of the hospital in 1965. Why? Don't you remember? Your father died that year on March 10th, 1965. The letter was dated March 7th and the postmark was on the 8th. Well, you must have received it the day he died. Then you think he would have gone to her, taken her out if he'd lived? I'm sure of it.  But why did he lie? Why did he tell everyone that my grandmother was dead? I don't know. I can't answer. I suppose, Alex, that only your father could have told us why. I wish I could know. I wish he were here with us. I've wished that every day for 14 years, Alex. Where is this hospital? Not far, just outside Washington. We'll drive up this weekend. Thank you, mother. Thank you. I've still got a grandmother. Sears Radio Theater will continue after this message from your local station. And easy method for observing potential hazards in your home. Let's start by activating your safety scan. Carefully focus on your appliance cords and plugs. Check to see if they're damaged in any way. And if so, discontinue using the appliance. Next, you should focus on water. One of your plugged-in electrical appliances can be accidentally immersed in water or any other liquid. And avoid handling an electrical appliance with wet hands, or when you are standing on a wet or damp floor. And finally, your safety scan should include checking for the UL label on all electrical appliances. That label indicates that the product design has been evaluated by safety engineers and complies with a nationally recognized safety standard. A public service message on behalf of Underwriters Laboratories and this station.  Sorry, fella. I only give it the office. I'm not looking for a handout. What can I do for you? Help save my life and breath. Do you need mouth-to-mouth breathing? I'm not the type. No, but you're smoking. And your smoke is hitting me where I breathe. And what with an allergy and pollution, you're not helping any. Sorry, I didn't mean to bother you. Sure, but the fact is that your smoke is getting in my eyes and nose and throat, and that's not a good song for my lungs. Well, you could always move away. I do, and then there's another one puffing away in my face. How about a deal? Like the Lung Association says, smoke if you must, but make smoking a private affair. Or quit. Secondhand smoke is truly offensive for non-smokers. Well, I'll give it a try. Wish you would, otherwise they're going to hang a tag on you. A tag?  Gotcha, buddy. Now, about that handout. Save it. Let me give you one. The Lung Association says that giving up smoking is a matter of life and breath. And his mother, between them, the sudden and startling discovery that a patient in a mental hospital, an unknown woman, was about to enter their lives. Neither of them had known of her existence. They would not even be able to recognize her face, and yet her presence was strongly felt as they arrived at the hospital on the outskirts of the city. I'm surprised, too. It's very pretty, not at all the way I imagined it. That looks like the administration building over there. Mother, do you think she's here somewhere? I don't know, but we'll find out soon enough. I feel kind of funny. Strange, you know? Oh, look at that lady walking over there. That could be her, and I wouldn't know it. I wouldn't know my own grandmother. Come on, Alex. The answer is inside. We've just recently learned that a relative of ours may be a patient here. We're trying to locate her. We just found this letter. Alex, show the nurse the letter. Oh, but this letter is 14 years old. I know, it must seem odd, but we did just find the letter two days ago. Is there still a nurse Benson here? Well, yes. She's our head nurse now. Could we talk to her? She wrote the letter. Oh, yes, I can see that. And the patient's name was... Yes, Lucinda Vive. Oh, that's right, I see now. Well, my duties are mostly here at the front desk. This is a very large facility. I don't know all the patients by name. But do you know that name? Is it familiar at all? No, I'm sorry, it's not, but that doesn't really mean anything. Now, if you'll just take a seat, I'll try to get a little more information for you. Thank you, nurse. Come on, Alex, we'll sit over here. You were right. We should have called first. No, I'm glad we came like this. I think more than just a telephone call was required. And Alex, even if she's not here any longer, at least you'll have seen where your grandmother once lived. I think that's very important. Yeah. She's here, though. I really believe that she is. I hope so, Alex. If she is, mother... Yes? Can we take her home with us? That's not for me to decide, Alex. But would you want her? Hello there. I'm nurse Benson. I'm Marie-Veve, and this is my son, Alex. Nurse Benson, I have your letter. Yes, I remember it very well. I never received an answer. My father died, that's why. We're answering now, nurse Benson. Is my grandmother here? Yes, she is. I knew it! I knew it, mother! Yes, Alex, I know you did. Nurse, could we, uh... I mean, would it be possible for us to see her? But of course we'll see her! Alex! Yes, yes, you will see her. But I would like to give you a little background first. Lucinda is your grandmother. Is that right, Alex? Yes, my father's mother. You're very lucky.  You said in your letter to my father that she didn't belong here. That she should be home. Yes, I remember quite clearly writing that letter. I went against the orders of my superiors here when I did it. Nurse Benson, what exactly is wrong with Mrs. Vervais? Exactly, you want to know. I'm afraid where the mind is concerned, there are very few exact facts to be found. But in my opinion, there is nothing wrong with her. Lucinda Vervais was the victim of very cruel circumstances. She was admitted to this hospital sometime in the early 1930s. You mean that my grandmother has been here for more than 40 years? Yes. Her original admittance records can't be found. There was a fire here in 1946. The papers were most likely burned at that time. Probably Lucinda came here in, well, 1933, 1934. I've spoken with her about it, and she says it's hazy that she can't quite remember. You see, she was very ill. Physically ill? Yes, yes, she had typhoid fever. But then why did they bring her here? Well, it was the depression. Lucinda hadn't been in this country very long. Her English wasn't good. She'd been living with her sister. Her husband had disappeared. He went looking for work one day and never returned. Lucinda was left with her baby son and her sisters. Then she got sick. She was frightened. Her sister wanted her to go to a doctor. She didn't want to go, but she was terrified that her little baby might catch the illness from her. Finally, she went. She had no money. She couldn't seem to make the doctor understand her.  How could it have happened? Well, evidently, it happened quite frequently in those days. They didn't have the tolerance of the time for people like Lucinda, so they put them away. Seemed the easiest solution to them, I guess. Did anyone... did my father ever come to visit her? When I first came here in 1963, I noticed Lucinda right away. She was always reading or sewing. She never had any visitors. As I came to know her and she came to trust me, I found out why. Why? That's just what I asked her one day. And she told me that it had been many years since she'd had her one and only visitor. Her sister came to see her after she had been here for nearly a year. Her sister brought news of her little son, how fast he was growing and what a fine American boy he was going to be. She obviously had come to love the boy very much and wanted him for her own. She convinced Lucinda that it would be best if she told the boy that his mother was dead instead of the shameful truth that she was in a mental hospital. Your grandmother didn't think there was any way out of here for her and she wanted her baby to be loved and cared for, so she consented to the story. Her sister never returned after that day. That's why Lucinda had no visitors. Till I wrote that letter, everyone believed she was dead. And the letter was delivered to a man who was dead. Or would be dead shortly after he received it. I never knew. If it wasn't for Alex, we wouldn't be here now. Can we see her now? Yes, of course. Does she speak English well? I mean, did she learn here? Oh, yes, yes. She works as a seamstress. She's very good. We'll go to her cottage now. There are 10 women to a cottage. I'll describe her to you so you'll know her when you see her. No, no, please, nurse Benson, don't do that. I want to try and find her myself. I understand completely, Alex. Well, shall we go now? I think I'll wait here. Why, mother? This time, this first time, should be yours alone, Alex. I'll come later. All right, mother. I don't know how to thank you. You've answered so many of my questions today, nurse Benson. About your grandmother, you mean? Yes, about her. And one very important one about my father. One that I didn't believe would ever be answered. A couple of days ago, when I first found your letter, I was really confused. Everyone had always told me what a great guy my father was. And all of a sudden, he didn't seem so great. How could a guy lie about his mother, say she was dead when she wasn't, and be so great? I just couldn't figure it. I almost hated him for it. Now I know that he thought she was dead. I guess he really was what everybody says he was. A great guy. Nurse Benson, you're not only giving me my grandmother, you gave me back my father. You're a very unusual boy, Alex. You think so? Why? Well, most young people are only interested in themselves and in being young. They don't want to know about being old. And they don't want anything to do with old people. This is her cottage. Looks like some of the ladies are going for a walk. Nurse Benson? The small lady in blue with the gray braids wrapped sort of like a crown on her head. Yes. Is that her? Is that my grandmother? It is. Then is it all right if I... Can I go to work? Yes, but go slowly. Don't try to push too many years into a moment, Alex. Go slowly. There are four Sears steel-belted radial tires. That's great savings on the most popular radial in Sears history. And the Sears heavy-duty shock can help save you from some of the jolts, chars and jerks. Help save you some money, too. On sale now only $5.99 each. Save 14% on America's best-selling shock. Installation available at most Sears tire and auto setters. Prices may vary in Alaska and Hawaii. Painted strawberry stoneware has delectably sweet country looks. Unbearable, this dishwasher-safe stoneware is just chipping, cracking or fading, even when exposed to your oven freezer or microwave oven. Enhance your table with these pretty strawberries from Sears. Roger Sears retest stores. Come with me on a magic carpet ride to view Sears kismet classic collection of rugs with a beauty and luxury of genuine oriental creation with exquisite patterns inspired by great masterpieces of purge classic rugs. Each of a 100% virgin-wasted wool pile is okay, but decorating with kismet classics is heaven on earth. At most largest Sears retail stores. The other grandmother. Those are beautiful flowers over there. They yellow ones? Yeah. What do they call? Chris Anthemums. That's right, I remember now. My grandmother used to always tell me the names of flowers. She knew them all, I think. Are you allowed to pick them? Oh, yes. But I never do. Why? Oh, I love them as they are. There's no need for me to pick them and put them in a little glass jar, possess them. I wouldn't love them anymore in my room than I do as they are right now. I never thought of it that way. Are you new here? Oh, I'm not a patient. I came to visit someone. That's nice. What is your name? Alex. Alex? Yes. Short for Alexander, I suppose. Oh, no. My name is Alexis. Oh. Well, that's a very beautiful name. It's my favorite, in fact. I once knew someone a long time ago named Alexis. I know. Your son. How could you know that? Your son's name was Alexis Veve. And I am Alexis Veve Jr. I'm your grandson. My grandson? Yes. My grandson. That's quite a story, grandmother. Your father, is he here, too? No. Where is he? He's, uh... He's dead. He died when I was very young. My baby boy. That's all I ever had of him. And that's all I would ever have of him now. They brought me here, Alexis, when your father was so little. I know. Nurse Benson told me. To think that he grew into a man had a son lived his life and now he's gone. I never knew any of it. All I have is a memory of a sweet, tiny baby that I loved. He thought you were dead, grandmother. I know. The minister and I agreed to that. Seemed the only way. I didn't think I would ever be allowed to leave this place. Nurse Benson thinks you could. Did you know about the letter she wrote to father? Oh, yes. I knew of it. I waited for an answer for so long, but it never came. He never came. Don't blame him, grandmother. He died before he could. But he would have, I know. I found the nurse's letter just a few days ago. And now I've come for you. Oh, this is too wonderful. I know that I'd wake up and find that I've been dreaming again. Oh, I've been dreaming for so long, Alexis. It's not a dream. It's real, I promise. Will you come home with mother and me? Will they let me go? They'll have to. They'll just have to. Is your mother here now? Yes. And does she want me to, Alexis? Yes. Are you sure of that? I'm certain, grandmother. Grandmother. Oh, I love hearing you say it. It means that I'm something to someone.  I'm not alone anymore. Never again, grandmother. Let's go and speak with Ellen. It's Nurse Benson. Ellen will arrange a chid help us. I know she will. Finally here, listen now. I can hardly believe it. Oh, I only wish it had been years ago. It's a miracle to me. I'd given up all hope, Ellen. I know.   Oh, there are many things and people that are missing here. After all, it's been a kind of home. Forty-five years is a long time. It's a lifetime for some people.  More than a little. Here, I know everything. Out there, I... I don't know what's waiting for me. You know one thing that is... Alexis. Yes, Alex.  Lucinda, you know you have nothing to fear out there. You're going to do just fine. I think so, too. Are you ready? Yes. Goodbye, everyone. Lucinda is showing me an embroidery stitch that I've never seen before. It's beautiful, Lucinda. Oh, I learned that years ago from a woman who was in the hospital with me. She came from Greece. She barely spoke when she first arrived. She sat huddled in a corner, rocking back and forth, back and forth. Oh, grandmother, let's not talk about that place. All right, Alexis. Alex, if your grandmother wants to... No, no, no, it's all right. Those days are past. And today is an anniversary. You've been home with us for exactly a month. The most wonderful month of my life. There's a terrific wind coming up. Would you like to go kite flying, grandmother? Why? Don't think I've ever flown a kite. I remember reading a book once about a boy who loved to fly kites. Well, this is the boy. He and Gran used to spend hours at it. Will you come with me, grandmother? I'd love to. Won't you come too, Marie? No, thank you. I'm going to try and master this stitch, Lucinda. Dinner's at five, Alex. Remember? Yes, mother. I'll be right back. I'm going to get the kite. Lucinda, it's not easy for me to say some things, but I've been wanting to tell you how happy I am that you're here with us. Thank you, Marie. I'm happy too.  I was alone for so long. I understand. I truly do. Are we ready? Yes. Let's go. Remember dinner at five. A great spot over by the pond, a big clearing and not too many trees to get tangled up in. Gran and I must have lost about ten kites and trees until we discovered this place. Lead the way, Alexis. Now, you should see it in the spring. I'll just wait until spring and then fall when all the leaves are turning. What we'll do is run up that hill and once the kite is up, we'll just follow it. Wherever it takes us, we'll go and we'll fly it as high as we possibly can. Alexis, I'm going to sit right here. Right here and watch you. Why? Why won't you come with me? Gran always did. Except that last day when she just watched me too. Alexis, I'm not Gran. I know that. And I can't do what she did. I'm sorry that I can't. But we had very different lives, she and I. Lives that made us very different people. Gran gave you things that I can't. But I can give you things that she couldn't. Things that only I can give. Watch me then. Just watch me. I'm going to take it up into the clouds. You can still see it, Alexis. Look how beautiful it is floating free up there. But it's gone. I can't hold it anymore. I can't get it back. It's not mine anymore. It will always be yours, Alexis. But there comes a time when you have to let go. Holding on to it and tightly with your hands doesn't make it yours. They locked me away and held me in that hospital for so many years. But I never belonged to them, Alexis. That kite will be yours forever. Because of the days it will make you remember when you think of it. The times it will give back to you when you recall it. But you can't duplicate the past. That's what some old people try to do. And that's what breaks their hearts. You're too young for that, Alexis. It was time to let go. Free the kite and yourself. So you could reach out for other things. You're not really talking about the kite, are you? No.  I did want you to be Gran, didn't I? Yes. I think you did. But how did you know? In the hospital I learned not to listen so much to what people said, but to watch their faces. Usually their faces were far more eloquent than the words. Grandmother, you didn't hate being in the hospital, did you? I did. And I didn't. I guess I'm a little like that kite up there. Now that I'm free I can look down from a different viewpoint and I can see things a little more fondly. But it was so unfair. They took almost your whole life away from you. But not quite all, Alexis. I have a life now and I have an appreciation of it that I would never have had otherwise. I never knew freedom. So I can love and prize it as someone who has always had it. Never could. You can give me things that no one else could, Grandmother. I hope so. Well, it's getting late.  Isn't that wonderful? Is it? Of course it is. She's waiting. She's watching the window just for us, Alexis. I guess that is kind of wonderful. We'll give Mom a Sears Best Food Processor with Attachement. Oh, sure, Moneybags. 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When we talk about men's improvement in this whole crazy industry that we're in, how would you define yourself in that? Yeah, I mean I'll just kind of really briefly take you through my evolution in it. I started as probably most other guys did, I picked up a copy of the game, wanted to become like the best pickup artist ever, and screwed around with crazy techniques and lines for a couple years, took a bunch of boot camp seminars and then it kind of dawned on me like okay maybe there's some other things besides techniques involved becoming more attractive, you know you got to get in shape, you've got to have your career in order, you've got to be an overall just attractive better guy. So I steered away a little bit from the pickup artist stuff, I dove really hard into like intergame stuff, I feel like I waste a lot of time like aligning my chakras and you know hypnotizing myself and crazy stuff like that but finally I kind of saw the bigger picture and that was I just needed to get my shit together so I lost about 50 pounds and you know I credit a lot of that to speaking at the first 21 convention because I was I was probably one of the fattest speakers on the stage, I felt pretty bad about it. Yeah if you look at pictures back in 2011 I was you know I'm 5'10 and I was like 2'15 at the time double chin galore you know so I looked at the other guys around me yeah and I was like okay I I can certainly improve myself in this area and that'll make me more attractive guys I lost a bunch of weight, started working out more, started playing hockey a lot more and I felt way more confident after I dropped the pounds continued on my path to just be better with women you know I've hit on the gazillion girls day game night game you name it and I've been coaching now for about seven years so I guess the best way to define it is if you want to get better at meeting girls you have to be a better version of you so women are attracted to the big picture you know just because you've got a couple smooth lines hey maybe you get her in a bag but you'll get found out real fast you know she won't want to see you again or she won't return your texts so I tell guys all the time you know you've got to be the best version of you you got to be in shape you've got to do okay financially the better you do financially the more attractive you'll be and you've got to have game obviously too because that's kind of the great equalizer


So far we've used the jump and link instruction when we want to call a function. The jump and link instruction asks the assembler to fill in the actual address of our function into the jump and link instruction. But we could also put that address into a register. We've already used the load address instruction to place the address of a string into a register for us, but we could also ask it to place the address of a function into a register. That would give us a function pointer. Now that we have a function pointer, the function can be considered a first class member of the language, which means we can do a number of other things with it. We can pass it as a parameter. We can have a function that takes another function as one of its arguments. We can also take that function pointer and we can store it in a data structure. But we can still call it as though it's a regular function using the jump and link register instruction. This instruction works just the same way as our original jump and link did, but it's going to get the address of the function from a register instead of from the instruction itself. This will enable us to do a couple of really interesting things. One of which is that we can choose what function we're running at runtime. We can build data structures that contain pointers to functions so we know which functions we should actually use with this data structure. If we apply some abstraction on top of that, we can actually get polymorphism out. That's what we're going to look at next time is how we can use function pointers to allow us to implement polymorphism even at the assembly language level.


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crispy fried catfish sandwich let's make it we're using pan it's a pre-cooked white cornmeal 75% of our mix is going to be this then you need some regular all-purpose flour that's going to be the other 25% now we're going to grab the dano spicy that's the red top we got about half a jar we're going to add all that in there this is going to be just right and packed full of flavor take your catfish and go straight in you don't have to do anything to it flip it around get them nice and coated now it's time to fry all right now we're at the nine minute mark nice and crispy fried hard exactly what we want tartar sauce big scoop on the bottom bun and an even bigger scoop on the top bun lay down a couple pickles on the bottom one filet two filet we're gonna top it smash it down the crunchy pickle that's pretty hard to beat leave a like leave a comment tell me what you think about that yum yum get you some we'll see you next time keeps breaking


Single is called A Promise, that's his first song on of course his new label, his new record label so well done to David and that's well the first of many on the new label obviously. Now Colin Murphy, comedian and TV presenter we know him well from the TV and so all too well he's been like a permanent fixture on the TV for well forever and he's also a writer and an actor and it's not just about the TV shows because we know him from like the Blizzard of Odd and the panel and then there's films believe it or not films like Divorcing Jack and The Most Fertile Man, decent films so you know this is a man not to be underestimated anyhow best known I suppose for The Blame Game because he's a regular panelist on The Blame Game that's the it's a topical news comedy show and that's been on since 2005 and Colin's been in it since then or the whole way through. Now his last tour he's back to stand up again his last tour was called a colonization it was a sell-out but he's back on the road this is his biggest tour an extensive tour around Ireland and it's called Watch Him a Colin great title and Colin joins us now on Zoom we're streaming as well hopefully fingers crossed that he doesn't freeze on us as he was there. Hi guys, he's gone again, he's gone again, hold on. How are you? Fingers crossed, yeah. Well as you have your freeze we'll try and resurrect it on forward. We're not going to be beat. How's things? Good, yeah, yeah, really good. You know, we're out and about, we're moving around the world again it's fantastic. This is an extensive tour, you have every weekend taken up now until July. How's the plan? Yeah, it's mostly up north and then a few down south and just add more and add an incork and hopefully go away soon and maybe Dublin and the autumn but yeah, it's pretty full-on, pretty full-on since beginning of February. So what do you touch on on this tour? Is just everything in anything or is there? Exactly, there was hiatus for her two years so yeah it's not about anything there's a tiny bit about that, the thing we shouldn't talk about except we're sick to the back teeth of it but it can't be ignored and it's had knock-on effects on all our lives and my family life, my parents and that kind of thing so it's you know we've all experienced it in different ways so there is a bit of that and then the rest of it is just a load of nonsense that's gone on, that's basically it. Topical nonsense? Not topical nonsense, no just stuff that's happened to me and in the world and yeah I suppose it was a bit of topical thing but... A lot of personal nonsense then? A lot of personal nonsense and a wee bit of felt and a bit of language sure you know that's the usual.  They most of the time they think they know me because I went to school with them or I'm a friend of their dad's and it's only when they've got about three four pints in them then they know exactly who I am. Oh right yeah.  Do you have to change the show much as you go around like is there a different show in Belfast to the one that you do down in Cork or is it just you know teeny tweaks? Just teeny bits references cultural things that sort of stuff you know TV shows that maybe aren't as popular maybe down in Cork because they are up here or absolutely politicians and things you know you only talk about people that they're going to understand and know that's the only real thing everything else is basically the same. The blame game has been some jog or not hasn't it? I know. But what is it about why why did it why has it why has it gone on so long why has it been such a success and why has it straddled all the you know kind of intergenerational and changes in TV and all the rest of it and it's gone through them all. It's the thing that amazes us that it's that we're still able to get new material considering how cyclical Northern Ireland's politics and news is you could we could actually if we want to do news stories from 15 years ago and just they're the same people they're the same things but somehow we have to try and find a new way to talk about it make it interesting or funny or and we get as frustrated as every single other person watching the news and we get as fed up with all those people and so we have to find another way to have a go at them make fun of them you know that's the hardest bit about it is it not that they play the type all the time and that in a sort of a way what it's depressing isn't it well it is but you know it also makes it a bit easier to poke fun with them yeah yeah yeah but it's it's the same thing over and over again and it just gets on your wick you uh yeah you don't want to especially certain people you don't want to turn them into cuddly characters put it that way yeah because they're not they're quite dangerous manipulative people that you know you can't be doing that so you have to remember that all the time yeah and try and get a good dig in and like really let go sometimes but uh yeah it's because the reason more people watch it now than ever is big especially in the north and that would include sort of run the border areas as well is that it's people talking about the world that they know you know and especially england just seems to you know for all the dairy girls and all this sort of stuff it doesn't really care about us and we're only ever brought on the tv to be a cliche or to be a you know to be the dairy ones that run around getting drunk and things and albeit how brilliant that is to show it just you know it's not real or you know but it's an entirely different sort of a show as well you know exactly it's it's uh so when we're on talking about real things they're not sicking because they don't know they don't know anything they don't know any of the they're not taught about it in school they don't do any of it in history they're only being taught sorry this is uh i've uh nieces and nephews who are being taught about the good friday agreement this year in school in in a very poor school in oxford yes and uh it's on the curriculum this year so i think the i don't know how they're going to fit in the previous 800 years uh is that going to be a monday afternoon maybe and then they'll on tuesday they'll do the good friday agreement maybe that'll that's the way to work it yeah yeah the 800 years and passing and then the good friday agreement at length it's hard hard to believe right now that there's a whole generation now that you know we're into where the troubles uh weren't around no troubles that didn't have any experience of them and have to be taught about them in school i know it's it's good isn't it yeah it is good then let me continue yes uh what's this about art you've been an artist uh oh yeah and uh just just before i try to poke some fun at it i mean an artist uh you know uh must be of summer now because you've i'm just reading here you've had your work exhibited at the royal academy in london the royal head bernie an academy in dublin and the royal ulster academy in belfast wherever there's a royal in the title we could find your art oh i'm held for a royal uh i'm just hoping um one of them is actually going to buy it and then uh i'll be made that's that's the main thing and what's sort of art what's sort of art uh a paint and it's um figurative stuff easy if anybody wants to look at it it's on instagram i've got a wee account and it's uh called color murphy art just look on there okay and uh i sort of keep it separate from the tv comedy stuff and it's uh for another thing to do but uh yeah i started back i went to art school years ago like when i was a student and then didn't do anything for years and then probably just before actually the whole thing happened uh so in about 2015 i started painting again and then of course lockdown happened that was brilliant so i was just painting away in my little tiny studio that i built in the bottom of the garden and uh kept doing and putting stuff into shows and so i'm in royal high burning again this year i've got two in this year i'm going on the short list for the royal academy in london so i have to go over a couple of weeks and drop some work over there and that's yeah and that's how that's how it works you you apply and they look at your work and if they figure it's good enough then they'll they'll hang it up yeah you apply online with a digital image and then if they want to see it they do a short list so they whittle down the 5000 people down to 400 and then they actually show 300 so that's the way it works so if i buy a Colin Murphy now i'm gonna be rich in 10 years time uh yeah absolutely you froze there Colin you froze there yeah right i won't be i won't be back to that back to the show tonight uh it's uh it's a great title for the the the tour and uh you know you're you're well into it now with the dates uh yeah i mean i'm in actually tonight i mean in that are kenny yes i'm raining which is brilliant room and that's at eight o'clock tonight there's tickets still available on the door and then stroband tomorrow night i know you've listened to ship yeah absolutely yeah the alley theater okay yeah and uh another great room so i'm in there tomorrow night as well there's a few tickets on the door for that as well fantastic okay well listen uh enjoy the two dates and i'm sure you always always get a good response in both places and uh and the rest of the tour as well Colin yeah thanks a lot thanks i'll hopefully we'll chat again oh good right talk take care