and welcome back to another day of eating and what we eat in a day. Of course I always start my day off with a good cup of coffee and lately I've been kind of in a whipped cream kick and putting whipped cream on my coffee. It's just this little treat that I get to give myself in the morning. So this morning the girls have had a little snack.  I often give them a little snack so they've had some Cheerios and then I'm gonna be making them breakfast here in just a second. So like I said, I'm sitting down to look over my planner. I do this every single morning and Everly is here working on some of her letters next to me because she is starting school and I wanted to let you guys know that today's video is sponsored by Pilot. They make juggling motherhood and meal planning and planning and now of course doing a lot of school and things like that here at home a lot easier. They have a huge variety of pens and writing tools that will help with all of your needs through this school year. 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That always takes so much stress off of me once I have all of that done and it's just how I like to start my day so that I have kind of a to-do list ahead of me. So now we're gonna have like real breakfast. I do intermittent fasting so coffee is kind of just what I stick to in the morning and then I have my lunch usually after the girls have their lunch. So for breakfast this morning, we're gonna do some smoothies, they haven't had them for a while and then we're going to also do some avocado toast, some things that they really like. I like to try to keep meals very like different a lot of the time. If you guys watch my channel and you know that, we do have a few things that are staples that I make a lot but I also try to keep things changed up just so that their taste buds are used to trying new things and it's really made them not very picky eaters through the years I've done it since they were babies so I like to keep things different. I've got the toast going in the pan and we don't own a toaster. This is how we do our toast. It's my favorite way to make toast. I just would rather have it this way than a toaster because it's so much more moist. So we've got butter in the pan, them toasting and then I pulled this stuff out to make up a really, really simple smoothie. We're just gonna do some plain Greek yogurt, some almond milk and some tropical blend. I got this at Aldi and if it's not sweet enough I might add a little Stevia but I think it's gonna be because this is pretty sweet fruit. Okay so sometimes Corey has breakfast and sometimes he doesn't but today he stopped back through on his way to another job and so I made him a quick breakfast just with toast, bacon, avocado and eggs so this is what he's having. All right you guys, so what are we gonna make for lunch? Pizza! Pizza, are you gonna help me?  This is a fun little activity, isn't it? What do you like to put on your pizza? All right so this is a really simple lunch idea that makes them happy because they feel like they've done something themselves so I just got these little pizza crusts from Target and then some pepperonis, some marinara and I'm gonna shred up some Parmesan for them to put over the top. You guys did a great job. What do you think, Evie? How is it? Good. So the girls are wrapping up their lunch. I had a couple bites of their pizza and now I'm going to make my lunch and I'm gonna do something super, super simple. Let me show you what I'm gonna make.  Okay guys, so tonight for dinner we are going to be making some stuffed peppers and I'm pretty excited about making these because I have yet to find the perfect stuffed pepper recipe. I've tried different ones. This one looks really good. It has a lot of ingredients that lasagna has in it so I'm hoping that this one turns out delicious. I have had a pound of beef thawing out in the sink today and let's go ahead and get started. I decided to use some of my pretty dishes for dinner tonight so I'm gonna use this thing and every single time you guys see these pans I have a couple sizes of them. You ask me where they're from and I will be honest, I've even looked to see if I can find something similar online and I haven't been able to but as far as I know my mom bought them and gave them to me and as far as I know they are from Sam's Club. They were like a deal they had at one point so I'm gonna put the peppers in here. I thought it would be kind of a fun way to bake them and this can go in the oven so I'm gonna do those in here and then I'm also doing a version of scallop potatoes but instead of potatoes I'm doing zucchini and who says that you have to always use a pie plate just for pie, can use it for other things. I thought it would be kind of fun to stack the zucchini in here and of course all of it gets baked. Here are my zucchini and I'm gonna cut them like super, super thin and then lay them out on a cookie sheet before I put them in here. Put them in the oven to broil for a little bit before moving on to the next step. It kind of cooks them a little bit and I'm following up Pinterest recipe which I'll link below and I'm really hoping this turns out because I've considered doing this before and coming up with my own recipe but now I have one. So much for joining us for a what we eat in a day. This meal was delicious. I'm definitely making the zucchini recipe again. It was so incredibly good and I don't know it was just a different flavor and it's a great side to add into my list aside. Also, don't forget to check out the links below to try out products from Pilot. I'm so glad that I was able to partner with them and if you're new here, I'd love it if you subscribed, joined my channel for lots more foodie content. Don't forget to give this video a like and I will see you guys in my next video.


Ma'am, you are new. Yeah, welcome back after the break. Okay, so Siddiquidu has a question, like as we are, Ma'am, I had a question, like as we are studying about the Kingdom of God and we've got a great commission from the Lord and it is said that every niche of bow and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, but how this thing can be achieved when the situation is like the Western countries are following Hinduism in a rapid pace and before 2015 Christianity was the fastest growing religion but now it is Islam. I wanted how can we build the Kingdom of God in such a situation, okay? When the situations and the atmosphere is not in our favor, is there something which we are lacking behind? Thank you for the question, Siddiquidu. Anyone would like to throw some light on his question? Anyone would like to answer, share your perspective before I do? Anyone? I don't understand why. I'm just back faster if we can get the question back because maybe we can try where we can. I don't hear the question. You didn't hear the question? Okay, I'll just read it out. He's posted it on the chat. He says, ma'am, I had a question like as we are studying about the Kingdom of God and we have a great commission from the Lord and it is said that every niche of bow, every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, but how this thing can be achieved when the situation is like the Western countries are following Hinduism in a rapid pace and before 2015 Christianity was the fastest growing religion but now it is Islam. I wanted to know how we can build the Kingdom of God in such a kind of situation. And he says, when the situations in the atmosphere is not in our favor, is there something which we are lacking behind? Can I say something about it, Pastor? Sure. There are. First of all, he put a light in the Bible that every knee will bow before Christ. To me, according to my simple analysis, I might think that every knee would mean every knee that is going to be saved. Of course, there are some knees that are not going to be saved but every knee that is in that perspective of being saved must bow and kneel before Christ because of course we all know that there are some sheep and there are some pox and there are some pox that press like a sheep. So I think, I don't really think because God is known to taking others as puppets. God takes us as human beings who take decisions for themselves. I don't think that everybody will be saved at the end. So I think every knee would mean, what is wrong might look like right or might be popular but it doesn't mean that everything that's popular is the right thing. So Islam and other things are on the rise or Islam is the fastest running religion in the whole world but doesn't mean that's the right thing. I think one day, one time, Christianity will take course will be also leading. Let me keep it from there. Thank you. Thank you, Lubeka. Jeffy, can you just close that door so because the sound from the first year class is coming here. Thank you. Yeah, anyone else? Yeah, so we see that we are called to usher in the kingdom of God and when everyone does their part, the kingdom will spread. God's rule, reign, dominion will spread and the earth people will know the true and living God and that is what we are called to do. Each one of us, wherever God has planted us. So when each one of us knows our calling, our purpose and what God has called us to do and we fulfill it, we are extending God's kingdom here on earth. And the reason why we see the signs of the end time these last few months we've been seeing and everyone has been talking about Jesus coming soon. You know, it's gonna be any moment but he will come when every person here on earth hears the good news of his kingdom. Here's the gospel of Jesus Christ. And so it is, that is what is our mandate as people of God to know, or people of the kingdom of God to know who we are, to know our calling, to know our mandate and to go and do it. And also as people of God, we are asked to preach and teach this and to our congregation members, if you're a pastor to preach and teach and let them know what is they're calling their mandate. The calling mandate is not just to come on church every Sunday, just listen to the sermon to fellowship to take holy communion and to go back what is their mandate they're calling. And that's why we see that the kingdom of God is not a theme that is spoken about or is preached in the churches and people don't know the urgency of building God's kingdom, of extending God's kingdom on here on earth. So we're studying this to know what we are called, you know, what is God's purpose, what is his intent, what is our calling, what is our position, what is our mandate, what we need to do. And if we take this seriously as individuals and we go and teach it to people in our churches and quicken their hearts, quicken their minds as spirits to extending God's kingdom, we will see the gospel being reached out in a faster pace. And we hear news that, yes, in many European countries, it's sad that many churches have become mosque, have become temples, have become shopping malls and all of those things is a sad thing. But it's a calling of the people there to know what is their calling and to fulfill their plan and purpose. Yet we see that there have been great revivals that have come about in America and Europe and the church has kind of become lukewarm, has died down to the things of God and so we see other religions taking precedence, but yet we still see that the work of God is on the move, there is revival happening, God is moving. And so for us as people who are, who God is placed in a specific geographical area when we look at the West or when we look at Asia or we look at even India, we are called to not just to preach and teach, but also to pray. It's important that we pray that God's kingdom takes precedence in the hearts and minds, people know that the kingdom of God is in them, what is their kingdom calling, mandate, live out of the kingdom perspective, act out of the kingdom perspective, build God's kingdom because everybody is building their own kingdom, their own earthly kingdom. You know, they're looking at their own jobs, their children, carriers, building better homes, having more luxurious things. That has become the mindset of people. That is where the world is running and that is where the people of God or the church is also running. So so important for the shepherd to teach that sheep about the importance of building the kingdom of God and also praying and interceding for nations and for people groups, for tribes and for unreached people groups in different pockets, in different parts of the world. So that is what we are called to do. Firstly is to preach and teach. Secondly is to make known to God's people, they're calling their mandate. And thirdly is to pray. And fourthly as churches to send out missionaries to mission fields, adopt different mission fields and pray for them and send out missionaries. But we see that churches are so caught up in their own personal agendas or plans that they have throughout the year which is just making their sheep comfortable and happy and well-fed and all of them are well-fed and fattened calves. So to say that they don't want to go out and reach out, it's because the sheep chappers have failed to bring about the kingdom mindset and the kingdom perspective and fulfilling the great commission that God has called us to. Does that help answer your question, Siddiquenu? Yes, ma'am. Thank you, ma'am. Okay. Okay, so now as a student, you still have your father's church, you can still preach the kingdom of God, you can preach this book to your church, let them know how they can build God's kingdom, what role they have. And also as a church, you can lead your people in praying for different groups, unreached people groups, you can, there are books available of unreached people groups and prayer requests and you can pray for them, okay? That's what we can do. Okay, so we were looking at the kingdom of God and we said that the kingdom of God was part of God's original intent and purpose even before the creation of the world, even before the foundations of the world. And God wanted to have a kingdom of hairs of people who would be kings along with him, who will inherit this kingdom, who will be hairs, co-heirs with Christ in that kingdom and people who will be hairs and joint hairs with Christ. And we see that at the appropriate time, God introduced his original plan, his intent, what was in his heart, he brought about it when he created the world. When he created the world, it was basically him bringing about his original intent of his heart, the purpose of his heart, which is to initiate his kingdom here on earth. So God introduced his kingdom and we read that in Genesis chapter one. We read verses 27 and 28. So we see that when he created man and woman, he gave both man and woman the authority to subdue and to have dominion over the earth.  And we see that through creation, he begins to unfold his plan and his purpose, okay? But we know that God's original intent, his purpose, his plan was temporarily interrupted. When was it temporarily interrupted? When was God's original intent plan of bringing about his kingdom here on earth, but he initiated through creation, how was it temporarily interrupted? Thank you, John Paul, when man sinned, yes, the fall of man. So we see that when man fell, it kind of temporarily interrupted the purpose, the intent of God of bringing in his kingdom here, okay? But the good news is that we read that Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, who was slain even before the foundations of the world, which means that God knew that this is going to happen and he already had the plan of redemption in his heart, even before the foundations of the world. It was already in his heart, in his mind, it was a done thing, it was a completed thing because the word of God says, even before the foundations of the world, Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God was slain even before the foundations of the world. So it was the plan of redemption is not something that God said, oh, what do I do now? I had this whole wonderful plan of bringing about my kingdom here on earth and it was so beautifully going and mankind fell. It was not something that he was taken up by surprise, but it's something that he knew even before the foundations of the world and even before the foundations of the world, he had the plan of redemption. It was already a done, completed thing in the heart and the mind of God because Jesus, the Lamb of God was already slain before the foundations of the world and that is why he is God. So he's sovereign, he's omnipotent and he knows everything and so we see that in time, he brings about his plan of redemption, okay? So when mankind fell, when Adam and Eve fell, there are two things that happened in the context we are studying about the kingdom of God. The first thing is that the Lordship, you know, we know that God initiated his kingdom here on earth and he gave man and woman the authority, the Lordship, the domain of the earth here. He gave his kingdom to us. He gave his authority, his Lordship to us, but when Adam and Eve fell, when they sinned, they gave their Lordship over to the devil. So it was temporary in the hands of the devil. So he was a ruler and he had taken Lordship and authority over the earth. The second thing is that, you know, in God's original intent and plan was that man and woman would, mankind would, human beings would inherit the earth. There would be heirs with God, co-heirs with Christ. And this also was marred. We were no longer a heirs of the kingdom, but we became as slaves. We came under the dominion, we came under the authority, under the oppression of the evil one, okay? So these are the two things that in the context of the kingdom of God that happened during the fall. So God's plan of redemption was not just to save us from our sins, or it was not just to rescue us from Satan and from his script, but the plan of, of course, these two are part of that plan of his redemption. But in the context of what we are studying about the kingdom of God, God's plan of redemption is to bring us back, his people, his heirs, co-heirs, his sons and daughters back into that place of experiencing God's original intent of a kingdom that he had prepared for a people who would be heirs with him and joint heirs or co-heirs with Christ, okay? So that is what he accomplishes during the plan of redemption. He brings us back to a place where we are given back our position that we are sons and daughters, we are heirs, co-heirs with Christ in his kingdom, and we receive back our authority. We receive back the power. We are no longer slaves. Satan has no longer authority over, you know, God's domain, his kingdom here on earth, but we are given back our authority, we are given back our position, and we are given back our identity, okay? So we, we need to look at ourselves, even though we've come from darkness into light, we know that when we are born again, only our spirit man is born again, but, you know, we need to renew our minds daily, okay? And one of the aspects of renewing our mind is in this area, you know, who we are, that we are sons and daughters, we are heirs, co-heirs with Christ, we have to develop this mindset, not of slavery and of subjection, but that we are children of God and that we are heirs with Christ and that we rule and reign with him, okay? So in the process of, in the plan of redemption, God wanted to restore two things. The first thing is, wanted to give back the authority that was taken, that, sorry, that the authority that human beings gave to Satan when they fell, God brought back that authority, and that authority is now given to the church. So the church is, in one sense, the kingdom of God, because it's God's domain, his rule, his reign, his government, his presence, which is manifested every time his people meet, and also the church are a group of people who are called saints, who are sons and daughters, heirs and co-heirs with Christ. So, and he also wanted to change our understanding from being subjects or slaves to recognizing that we are heirs and co-heirs with Christ.  So, born again experience is not just something that, oh, I'm born again, I receive God's blessing and I have a ticket to heaven, okay? I have a place booked for me in heaven. It's not just that, it's something as small and belittling the plan of redemption or the price Jesus paid on the cross. It's a kind of, it's humiliating God for what he has done when we just think in this very meager, small way. But we need to think about it in a broader perspective and see it in a broader way of what God has really redeemed us from, and where he has bought us to what is our position, what is our authority and what is our calling. And once we realize our position, then we operate out of that position, okay? For example, you know, just for example now, you know, in this building, this building belongs to, just say this building belongs to my dad, okay? He's just say he's running a business here and he's the boss here. He owns this whole establishment, this building, this business. So when I enter the gate, you know, and I come in, I don't need to get permission to go and meet my dad.  If I have an appointment, the secretary will not stop me and say, okay, you don't have an appointment, you can't meet him, he's busy, but I have access to my dad. Anytime I can come to this building, no one can stop me, I can just go and meet him. That is my position, that is the authority that I carry. So even in, you know, when we are assured into the kingdom of God, we carry that same position, that same authority, but yet we don't use that in arrogance and pride, but, you know, in humility, we know who we are, what is our position and we follow through in that. So after fall, we see that the kingdom is reintroduced. So when is the kingdom reintroduced is, you know, the beginning of the Gospels, we see that John the Baptist, who came announcing the arrival of the kingdom of God. So John the Baptist comes and prepares the way for Jesus Christ, who is the son of God, who's the king of the kingdom. And we see that John the Baptist is the forerunner and what is this message? The message is in Matthew chapter three verse two. Would somebody like to read that please? Matthew chapter three verse two. Matthew chapter three was to repent therefore for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. Thank you, John. So John went about preaching says, saying repent for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. What is the meaning of the phrase is at hand? Yes, Chefina? Near. It's near, yes. It's close by, it's near you, it's reachable. So, you know, repent for the kingdom of God is here and then we see that John the Baptist, the forerunner of Jesus and then we see Jesus coming to the scene, he began his ministry and Jesus begins his ministry by proclaiming the arrival of the kingdom of God. We read this in Matthew chapter four verse 17 and also we see that Jesus announces the good news of the kingdom in Matthew chapter four verse 23. So can one of you please read Matthew chapter four verse 17 and someone else can read Matthew chapter four verse 23? Verse 17, from that time Jesus began to reach and had to say, and to say repent for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. Thank you, can somebody else read Matthew chapter four verse 23? And Jesus went about all Galilee, seen in the Asinago good, preaching the good news of the kingdom and healing on all kinds of sickness, on all kinds of disease among the people. Thank you, so we see that, you know, Jesus spent his time teaching and preaching about the kingdom of God and in Matthew chapter four verse 23, we see that he proclaims the good news of the kingdom. Now, we'll just look at a few important things about the uniqueness of the kingdom of God. What is the uniqueness of the kingdom of God? It's there on page eight for you. The uniqueness of the kingdom of God is that the king of the kingdom stepped into our world. So the king of heaven, God, you know, he stepped into our world and, you know, why did he step into our world? As I said, to recover everything that was stolen, was taken away, which was lost at the fall, you know, he recovered it back. So he personally came to usher in the kingdom of God here on earth and he executed the kingdom of God here on earth and he revealed to us, you know, what the kingdom is like, okay? And he showed us how he modeled for us how we can live this kingdom, how we can be part of this kingdom, how we can live this kingdom and how we can usher in this kingdom here on earth. And he left an open invitation for everyone who was interested to come and be part of the kingdom of God. But when we see earthly kings, you know, when they want to conquer a territory or a kingdom, or a geographical area, they usually send their army, which is led by a captain to conquer, okay, that place and to bring back the exploits and to win the battle. But we see here that, you know, the king of the kingdom of God, the kingdom of heaven, he did not send anyone else, but he himself came, he himself came and he himself fought for his people to reinstate them to their original intent, their purpose, their calling and their position. And we see that, you know, John the Baptist was a forerunner who came announcing about this king. And we see that the king of the kingdom coming personally and establishing the kingdom here, making known the kingdom here. So when Jesus taught, when he preached, when he did the miracles, when he showed forgiveness and compassion and care, it was basically him ushering the kingdom and saying, this is how the kingdom of God is. This is how the kingdom, this is what you will enjoy in the kingdom of God. This is the benefits of being part of the kingdom. And he invited people to be part of the kingdom of God. Okay, like we said in the beginning, okay, these are the uniqueness of the kingdom of God. And like we said in the, like I said in the beginning that the kingdom of God is a spiritual kingdom because it's in our heart, it's in our lives, it's within us. Okay, so there are two aspects of the kingdom of God. The first thing is a spiritual aspect or a spiritual dimension in the kingdom. And then there is a natural aspect or the natural dimension of the kingdom of God. So the spiritual dimension is what we see operating here and now in the present. The natural dimension is what we will see in a way into the future when the king will come again the second time. So the spiritual dimension of the kingdom is what we are experiencing now is what people have experienced all these years, what people will experience even in the years to come, which has to do with the king's rule, domain, his reign, his government, in the hearts and lives of people. So it's a spiritual dimension because the rule, the reign of God is in the hearts and in the lives of people. But there will be, we will see the natural dimension of this kingdom when the king returns, when Jesus returns, there will be the battle of the Armageddon where he will throw out he'll overthrow all the armies of the nations of the world and he will establish the physical kingdom in Jerusalem. And the exciting thing about this, we read in Daniel chapter four, is that the kingdom of God will be given to the saints. So who are the saints? Who are the saints? Me. Yeah. So it's you say, you can tell yourself, I'm a saint. Sometimes we don't think that we are more a sinner than a saint, but each one of us are saints and it's important to tell yourself who you are. You say, I'm a saint, I'm a child of God. Yes, Loubega. I was trying to answer the question, who are the saints? And my answer was those who will believe until the end. Those who will be? Those who will believe until the end. Those who will be believing until the end, until the end of times, or until they die, until those who will be believing. Okay, thank you, Loubega. Okay, so, and the government, God's government here on earth is physical kingdom that he'll be establishing here on the earth in Jerusalem. Who will be part of the government? Who will rule and reign? It's the saints, it's you and I, okay? So, maybe some of us think that I work so hard for God, I live a holy life, righteous life, but I'm facing all of these hardships, these difficulties, but take heart because there is a reward, not just in heaven, but we will see that, we will experience the rewards, the benefits here on earth itself, when Jesus will establish his physical kingdom, the greater the good steward that you have been, faithful, live a righteous life, walked in the ways of God, loved him with all your heart, soul, mind and strength, you will be given positions of authority in God's government. So, we, his saints will rule and reign in his natural kingdom, which is just the natural dimension of the kingdom of God. So, this dimension or the natural dimension of the kingdom of God will happen sometime way in the future, but we are at present experiencing the spiritual dimension about the kingdom of God, okay? So, how does the spiritual dimension of the kingdom of God affect our lives, affects your life? How does it affect my life? What does it mean to us, okay? So, that's what we will be looking at in this course as we study this course, but we will look at how we can enter the kingdom of God. So, how do people enter the kingdom of God? How do people enter the kingdom of God? Or how are they part of the kingdom of God? When are they called sons and daughters of the kingdom of God? When do they become heirs of the kingdom of God? When do they inherit the kingdom of God? By believing in Jesus, okay? Thank you, Super Shish. Let's read John chapter three, verses three and five. Can somebody read that please? John chapter three, verses three and five. John chapter three, verses three and five. Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily I say unto thee, except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. Jesus answered, verily, verily I say unto thee, except a man be born of water and of the spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God. Thank you, Rosalind. So, here we see how can we be part of the kingdom of God? How do we enter the kingdom of God is when we are born again. So, we are born again as this verse says, we are born again from above, which means we receive a spiritual transformation and this transformation, spiritual transformation is only brought about by God and the work of the Holy Spirit in our hearts and in our lives. So, it's the work of the Holy Spirit and the work of the word, the word of God. And so, when we are born again, we are ushered into the kingdom of God. We become sons and daughters. We become heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ and we begin to experience the kingdom of God. And it says here that, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. So, what does it mean? Cannot see, that means unless we're born again, we cannot be part of the kingdom of God and we cannot partake or experience the kingdom of God. Okay, there's another reference given here on page number 10, Colossians chapter one, verses 12 and 13. Can somebody read that, please? Colossians chapter one, verse 12 and 13. Giving thanks to the Father who has qualified us to be, Go ahead, Subashis. Giving thanks to the Father who has qualified us to be partakers of the inheritance of the sense and the light. He has delivered us from the power of darkness and conveyed us into the kingdom of the Son of His love. Thank you. So here it says that we, when we are born again, you know, we are transferred. We have a transfer of a citizenship from the kingdom of darkness into the kingdom of Jesus, Christ, okay? So we see that two opposite kingdoms here, kingdom of darkness, kingdom of light, kingdom of God, kingdom of Satan. So we are, you know, we are transferred from the kingdom of darkness and we are assured into the kingdom of Jesus Christ. Okay, so when we are born again, we become part of a new kingdom that is a kingdom of heaven.  The same way when we have been brought out of darkness into light from out of the power of Satan of being slaves to Satan, to being children of God, to being part of the kingdom of Jesus Christ, we need to also make several adjustments and adaptations. Okay, so it's not that something that comes automatically to us, it's something that we need to be mindful of and how do we know, you know, what is the kingdom rule, the mandate, the laws, the authority that we have, the position that we have, we need to read God's word. The more we read God's word, the more we are grounded in our foundations of who we are in Christ, you know, what is our calling, what is our position, what is our authority? And once we know that, you know, we will operate out of that, we will live out of that perspective and we will truly live as kingdom, as children of the kingdom of light, as children of being citizens of the kingdom of heaven. Before we end this chapter, we will look at an aspect of the kingdom of God, of being sons of the kingdom of God. We look at the parable of the, we'll just study one parable here, of course, in the course of studying this course, you know, we will look at many other parables about the kingdom of God, but here we look at one parable, the parable of the wheat and tares. So we see that, you know, a farmer went out to sow wheat and when, you know, the enemy also came and sowed a sowed tares or weed and what does the farmer do? He doesn't pull out the weeds because he knows when he uproots the weeds, it'll also uproots the plant, the weeds that is growing. And so Jesus just says this to the crowd, but when they're, you know, away from the crowd and Jesus is just with his disciples, the disciples ask him what is the meaning of the parable. So Jesus explains that to them in Matthew chapter 13 versus 36 to 40. So can somebody read that please? Matthew 13, 36 to 40. Then he left the crowd and went into the house. His disciples came to him and said, explain to us the parable of weeds in the field. He answered, the one who sowed the good seeds is the son of man. The fields is the world and the good seed stands for the son of the kingdom. The weeds are the son of the evil one and the enemy who sows them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age and the harvesters are angel. As the weeds are pulled up and burned in the fire, so it will be at the end of the age. Thank you, Sita Kenu. So here in this little picture, now, you know, Jesus is explaining to us an entire scenario of what is happening in the world now and what will happen in the end. I'd just like to bring our attention to a few things. Here it says, the son of man is sowing good seeds. So who are the good seeds here? Yeah. Jeffy and I say, me. Yeah, that's right. It's you and I. So we are the good seeds. The good seeds are the sons and daughters of the kingdom. So it's so important for us to picture ourselves as good seeds. Okay. You know, not seeing ourselves as good seeds. As sons and daughters of the kingdom of God. So we need to picture ourselves as good seeds of the kingdom of God. And each one of us are good seeds and we are being sown into this world by Jesus. And he has put us here on this earth for the sake of the kingdom of God. And each of us are good seeds and we are being sown into this world by Jesus. And he has put us here on this earth for the reason and for a purpose. And so here we see that there are only two kind of people on the earth. One kind is those who are sons and daughters of the kingdom of God. And the other is those who are sons and daughters of the wicked one. Okay. There are no hybrids. You cannot be both. You know, you can only be one. You cannot be a hybrid. You can either be the son and daughter of the kingdom of God. Or you can be the son and daughter of the wicked one. Okay. Or you can either be a wheat or you can be a tear. Okay. So as believers, each one of us are good seeds. Each one of us are sons and daughters of the kingdom of God. And we are sown into this world which means that, you know, your purpose in this world is connected to the fact that you are the son and daughter of the kingdom of God. That is your purpose. So sometimes you're wondering what is my purpose in life. The first purpose in life we need to know is that you are a good seed, your son and daughter of God. You're sown into this world and that is your purpose. And you are here to build the kingdom of God. Okay. So that is the only reason we are here.  It's not defined by your education. It's not defined by your job. It's not defined by your career. It's not defined by what you are doing on the earth. But your purpose, your mission is this that you are a son and daughter of the kingdom of God.   So all of these job, career, your education, all of them are avenues, are venues that bear the fact that you are a good seed sown by God here on earth and you are put on display. You're put on display to establish the fact that you belong to a greater kingdom, to a higher kingdom, to a greater, a bigger mindset, a greater, bigger perspective, greater than a bigger kingdom that is a kingdom of God.  So, you know, we need to, having said all this, we need to operate from a kingdom of God perspective. So how will you live? How will you operate your life if you saw everything from a perspective that you are a son and daughter of the kingdom of God? What would you do? Where would you go? How would you invest your time? What will you strive for? Where will you invest your time or energy or efforts? You know, if you saw yourself as son and daughter of the kingdom of God.  You will operate out of that perspective and you will fulfill God's plan for your life. So God's plan is that he wanted to prepare a kingdom and he wanted to prepare people for his kingdom who would be his sons and daughters would be his heirs and co-heirs heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ in his kingdom. So that what God is unfolding has been unfolding in the past throughout history. He's been unfolding it even right now. So even as we are born again into this kingdom we need to operate out of this kingdom mindset and out of this kingdom perspective. Okay? So even as you've heard all of this today you know, we need to make a conscious effort to live that kingdom perspective so we need to ask ourselves you know, how would we live our life where we invest our time and energy our efforts into and you know, ask ourselves this question how would life change if you and I have come to know this truth that we are sons and daughters of the kingdom of God. So in the course of this you know, here we'll be I mean, the rest of these months we'll be talking about the principles of the parables of the kingdom we'll understand how the kingdom of God operates we'll talk about the authority of the kingdom, we'll talk about the relationship of the church with the king but even as we try to understand all of these things we need to just basically come down to this basic fact that even as we are born again we're born again into the kingdom of God we are children of God sons and daughters, we are heirs of God, co-heirs with Christ he has reinstated us to our original position our identity and we need to you know, work out of that identity so being a son and daughter of kingdom is our identity and that is what defines our purpose here in this world Okay, so that was chapter one anyone has any questions? Yes, can I ask a question? Sure Isaac Yes, I just want to draw light on this phrase or the statement the Lamb of God who was slain before the foundation of the earth taking the word frame in context that slain means to kill so what of that phrase or vast mean that the Lamb of God was slain before the foundation of the earth, thank you ma'am Okay, good question, thank you Isaac so the Lamb of God is slain is very familiar in the Jewish context because the Lamb was slain during the Jewish Passover, also the day of atonement you know atone for the sins of the whole of of the Israelite race so the Lamb was slain to atone for or to cover the sins of of God's people so that God could relate to them God could come in them and speak to them and dwell among them but we know that Jesus Christ was a Lamb of God who was slain which means that the Son of God came and he died on the cross that means he gave his life in exchange for our lives that we can be forgiven of our sins, we can be we can overcome we can be set free from the power of the evil one from his bondage from his slavery but in the context that we are looking about the kingdom of God that the kingdom of God was was God's original intent and plan in his heart and in his mind even before he created the world even before the foundations of the world was slain and when did he bring it about he brought it about in time in history and that is when when he created the world he brought about his kingdom and he brought about his kingdom building by creating human beings, man and woman and he gave them dominion he gave them authority over the kingdom that he introduced he established here on earth but we see that when Adam and Eve sinned when they fell you know God begins the plan of redemption but the plan of redemption was not something that God just thought about it when Adam and Eve fell but it was something that was really in the heart and mind of God he knew that this is going to happen and we see that you know he already knew that his son would come and die on the cross and would fulfill the plan of redemption and would set his people free bring them back to their original position intent and re-establish re-initiate the kingdom of God here on earth and so with that in mind that you know Jesus dying on the cross was something that took place at the point of history but it was already a conceived thing it was already a done thing a completed thing in the heart and mind of God even before it happened in history so what we're saying is that God did not plan things in the course of history but even before history began even before time began it was something that he had already thought about he would already completed in his mind even before it ever took place here on earth did that help answer your question Isaac? Yes, perfect thank you Ma Okay, thank you everyone for joining class I'll see you next week and we have to rush off to our next class so have a good day and God bless each one of you, thank you


Welcome to this lecture on digital communication using GNU radio. My name is Kumar Appaya and I belong to the department of electrical engineering IIT Bombay. This lecture will be a continuation of our discussion of perfect codes and hamming codes. In the case of perfect codes let me just recollect the case of perfect codes what you must know is that whenever you receive any n-length bit sequence then a minimum number of bit flips will give you a unique code word and there will be no ambiguity. As an example if you remember a 3-1 repetition code resulted in a perfect code because all three bit sequences could be mapped back to a single code word with minimum number of bit flips while a 4-1 repetition code had an ambiguity and it was not a perfect code. We also discussed this hamming weight and distance concept in the case of binary vectors hamming weight and distance are very related let us just recollect very quickly what this is. So, if you have an n bit sequence the weight hamming weight of the sequence equal to number of ones in the sequence and if you have x 1 and x 2 as n bit sequences we define the hamming distance d h between x 1 and x 2 as the weight of x 1 plus x 2. Let us give you let us just take an example if you take 5 length sequences 0 0 1 0 1 and 0 0 0 0 1 1 where are the bits different same same different different same. So, the way the distance should be 2 the hamming distance should be 2 another way to find this is just XOR them bit wise 0 XOR 0 0 0 1 XOR 0 is 1 0 XOR 1 is 1 and this is 0 and then find the weight of this two ones resulting in a hamming distance of 2. So, the hamming distance is an easy way to kind of represent the number of bit flips that is needed to go from one n bit sequence to another and it comes in handy because we want to find the minimum number of bit flips that result in a valid code word. The other recollection that we want I want you to have is that we want to find the least hamming weight error pattern such that h x plus e equal to h e is equal to h y. If you remember in the previous class also we were discussing the fact that if y is equal to x plus e where e is an error pattern if you find h y which is called the syndrome we have h y is equal to h times x plus e which is h x plus h e this is the advantage of using a linear block code this is equal to h x is 0 h e. So, if you can somehow map h e uniquely to an e that is if h e uniquely yields an e which is the actually when I say e of minimum hamming weight then we can correct errors ok. This is what we are going for if you remember for the 4 bit parity code we could not map h e uniquely to an e if you remember if you have let us say let us take the repetition codes parity check matrix in the case of repetition code g was 1 1 1 so I am going to write this as here there are how many 1 bit patterns are there there are only 2 say there are 3 1 bit error patterns can you can you now map h e back to e yes because h e what is h e then I am going to write this as a row bear with me 0 0 1 it is 1 1 0 1 0 it is 0 1 and 1 0 0 it is 1 0 that is you have a unique connection between these and you can find out which error pattern there was, but let us say you have a code like this. Let us say that you have the 4 bit you have the 4 length error correction you know repetition code g is 1 1 1 1 so in this case you will have now in this case if you have a 4 bit repetition code if you have a single error you can correct it because a single error is always going to give you 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 uniquely. Let us say you want 2 bit errors we will we will we will we will know there are many more, but I am just going to kind of stop with this. So, what do each of these give us syndromes let us check. So, let us now check the syndromes in this case for 1 1 0 0 we get 0 see if you I have to multiply the 1 1 0 0 that add the first 2 columns. So, I will get 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 I get 1 1 0 then 1 0 1 0 I get 0 1 0 so far so good then 1 0 0 1 I get 1 0 0 1 I 1 1 0 ok. Now, notice that these 2 resulted in the same syndrome and therefore, you cannot correct all 2 bit error sequences. So, in that sense this is not a perfect code. So, this is actually a perfect code this is not a perfect code ok because you cannot map all the sequences by performing minimum number of bit flips to a single sequence ok fine. So, this is something just to bear in mind. Now, let us actually use this as a pretext to define the hamming code. So, this is something we just discussed we were discussing 0 0 0 0 1 0 this is the this is our you know double parity code that is you would just repeat the parity twice. So, in this case 0 1 0 0 we said that the syndromes are non unique in the sense that there are this 1 0 0 0 also yield the same syndrome. So, we cannot correct the error unambiguously here even for 1 bit error we cannot correct it unambiguously this is not a perfect code because the syndromes are non unique. The 3 repetition code perfect code syndromes are unique for 1 bit flips we are not talking about 2 bit flips that will result in an error even in the 3 repetition code, but for minimum number of bit flips are they unique then it is a perfect code. So, a perfect code is an n k linear block code where every n then sequence has a unique minimum distance code word that is the 2 power k code words perfectly partition the space of 2 power n n bit vectors of course, naturally that means into the n code words. For example, if you recall if we looked at the 3 length repetition code 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 will map to the sequence 0 0 0 because a single bit flip gives you those 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 will map to 1 1 1 because 1 1 1 of course, you do not need bit flips all the other 3 if you do 1 bit flip then you get 1 1 1 to get to 0 0 0 for these you need 2 bit flips. So, the minimum distance code words are unique that is basically if you take a n length bit vector and you perform the minimum number of bit flips you will end up getting one of the code words. The question is can we construct a family of perfect single error correcting codes and there is a specific family of perfect single error correcting codes that we are going to look at and that is called the hamming code. The hamming code as it was among the first popular error control codes that led to several other modern constructions, but it is very unique in and easy to understand and that is why we will discuss the hamming code in some detail today. So, without going into the details of how exactly they are formulated I will go with an approach where we are going to construct the hamming code using its parity check matrix. So, the hamming code is a family of perfect n k linear block codes perfect n k linear block code meaning one constraint I am imposing is that any n bit sequence is going to be you is going to have a minimum distance code word in the code which is unique that is no other code word will have the same minimum distance as this particular code word. Now, notice that this n is chosen as 2 power m minus 1 and k is 2 power m minus 1 minus m m is of course, an integer which goes from 1, 2, 3 and so on ok.  Now, this choice is actually a little strange ok, but it will make sense if you look at the construction of the parity check matrix. Your aim is to let us before you know going further let us just set m is equal to 1 for m is equal to 1 you get n is equal to 1 k is equal to 0 because you get 2 minus 1 minus 1 this is not a valid code. So, you will set m to be 2. So, m is 2 for m is equal to 2 we get n is equal to 3 and k is equal to 4 minus 1 minus 2 1 this is the 3 repetition code. So, the 3 repetition code is actually a hamming code according to this definition. Now, the next code that we are going to do is m is equal to n this is the code we will spend most of our time on we get n is equal to 7 k is equal to 4 because 2 power m minus 1 minus 2 1 this is the 3 is 8, 8 minus 1 is 7, 7 minus 3 is 4. This is the score called 7 4 hamming code ok.  See our aim is to be able to correct exactly one error. Now, what does our error correction mean in terms of perfect code we discussed it let us look at it in terms of the parity check matrix. We want every syndrome ok we want for every minimum you know every least number of bit flips every syndrome should be unique ok. Now, we want to be able to correct one bit error that is among the 7 bits any one bit error should uniquely be able to get back the original code word without any issue. In other words the minimum distance between the code words is such that if you flip one bit still this is the closest code word right. You take any n bit vector this is a code word let us say you flip any one bit the closest hamming distance code word is always the same code word from which you started. Now, the way we are going to define it is this this is the parity check matrix that we have ok and I am going to write it over here in a specific fashion there are by the way multiple parity check matrices for the 7 4 hamming code we are taking this one specifically for just a reason ok 1 0 I believe it was 1 1 0 1 yes yeah and then we will place the identity matrix here. One reason why we place the identity here is so that we can easily write the generator matrix using that a i i a trick. So, here we have the parity check matrix of our 7 4 hamming code we are now going to claim that every one bit error sequence results in a unique syndrome ok. Now, I can of course I can go through and say what are the one bit error patterns 0 error patterns is anyway it is very simple because you get a code word directly you can just read off what the you know k bit sequence is this is of the form 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 and so on ok I am not going to write them what happens e belongs to this, but what happens if you perform he it picks out the column corresponding to the non 0 element in e that is let us say that the error occurs in the first bit then your syndrome is going to be he which is 1 1 0 error occurs in the second bit your syndrome is going to be 1 0 1 which is in the second bit error occurs in the third bit it is going to be 0 1 1. So, every one bit error results in a unique syndrome and this syndrome is just the column therefore, what do you need to do you just need to perform h times y where y is the received n bit sequence that results in h times x plus e which is h e the h e is going to be one of these columns depending on which column it is flip that bit you will get a code word that is it I mean it is it is it is that it is that simple. If you now this you see how we have designed h h has been designed in such a way that any single bit flip is going to result in a unique sequence or unique syndrome ok what do you need to do to handle this it is very simple how many single bit patterns are there it turns out that let us say that you know let us say in this case we chose n is equal to 2 power m minus 1 how many single bit pattern error patterns are there n ok and now you need your h to have that many unique entries as the columns therefore, your h is going to be of size n minus k cross n ok fine. So, now let us let us just understand this also ok you have 2 power m minus 1 single bit error patterns ok 2 power m minus 1 single bit error patterns therefore, you are going to have all m bit sequences as columns of h.  So, you are in general if you look at the Hamming code h is going to be of size m cross n where n is actually 2 power m minus 1 and columns of h are all 2 power m minus 1 non 0 m bit sequences. Let us try this out ok I am now going to construct the Hamming code for m is equal to 2 I am just going to construct the parity check code it is simple I will put the I am going to put the you know columns somewhat randomly, but let me just try to put the identity here 1 0 0 1 and the remaining column is 1 1 this is my h ok. What is the corresponding g for this we will use the identity trick we will put the identity here ok because this is of the form identity a an entity and a transpose not surprisingly we get the perfect code the 3 1 repetition code. And if you now do m is equal to 3 you will get this let us just for fun do m is equal to 4 ok I am going to I am going to write the columns out without thinking too much 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 sorry 0 I am apologize I am just writing them down in this way 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 and then I am going to I am going to play a trick because I do not want to write so much I am just going to copy this and then paste it move it here and then I am just going to play another trick because I am just little I do not want to have to write this much so I will just delete this oops let us just delete this and now I am just going to write 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I think I missed 1 0 0 0 let me just add that it does not matter I can always swap the columns. So, this if you count has 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15 15 and this is 4. So, the next hamming code is 15 4 as check n is equal to 2 power 4 minus 1 15 k is equal to n minus m which is so k is equal to n minus m this is correct which is 11 which means this is 4 this is correct ok constructing the generator matrix for this is an exercise I will leave to you and know it is not that you can swap the column so that you get the identity on the right and construct you get many answers it is fine. Now, coming back all the columns are unique and all the 2 power 3 minus 1 non 0 3 length vectors are present as columns. Here if you want to get a geometric idea the first thing is multiplying it by zeros gives you 0 no problem that is always true for any parity check matrix but multiplying it by any 1 bit vector always results in a always results in basically a unique element. Here is the here is the other interesting thing multiplying it by 2 you know multiplying it by any 2 length vector ok you can check for example, if you take we can take 0 0 1 and let us say 0 1 1 add them up you will not get 0 similarly if you take 1 1 1 and 0 1 0 you will not get 0. So, basically here is the thing even if you have a 2 weight kind of vector you are not going to essentially get you are not going to be able to get a 0. So, you are you know you need to flip 3 times you need to flip 3 times for you to be able to get 0 in other words again this is something I am not proving formally the code words of the hamming code have minimum distance of at least 3 this is something which you can find out. So, any unique any single bit error pattern uniquely decodable that is the key idea. So, now just using all the same tricks that we did you can always just construct the generator matrix ok I believe that over here that we can just use this approach to construct it we will copy this we will say. So, our 7 4 hamming code has this kind of pattern we will use the same approach that we use earlier this is an identity this is our a ok. So, now over here our G is going to be ok have 4 length I mean 4 rows and we will put the transpose of this over here.  These are also code words of the hamming code let us check one important observation the weight is 3 meaning every code non-zero code word seems to have at least 3 ones that is you have 1 0 0 0 and then 1 1 0 you have at least 3 ones. And if you take 1 1 you know 1 triple 0 1 1 0 this corresponds to this column this column this column if you add them 1 1 0 it is this column and this column yeah 1 1 0 plus 1 0 0 plus 0 1 0 will give you 0. Similarly, you perform the inner product with this this will give you 0 and you can check that by going through all possible 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 and all multiplications with m transpose you will get all 16 code words which are 7 length. And if you now flip 1 bit of these you can easily find out that there is an error flip 2 bits you will find that you can detect the error, but you will not be able to correct it ok. So, let us just do that exercise also maybe I will just do it for 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 let us say you get this ok. If you get 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 ok you have a slight issue ok because if you know that 2 bit errors have occurred great you can always just you know say ok the 2 bit errors have occurred I have not found it, but the syndrome is going to still give you and a value. So, in this case let us say this is our e h e is going to be giving you it is going to add 1 0 0 and 0 0 1. So, if you add 1 0 0 and 0 0 1 you get 1 0 1 that means it is indicating that the error has actually occurred over here which is wrong. So, the decoded code word is going to be and you can just check I am going to write it as x hat is going to be 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 which is this one it is actually a code word. The hamming code is a perfect code for every syndrome it is going to give you a corrected code word, but it will always make the assumption that you have one bit error and that is when you will make start making mistakes. So, if the if you have a single bit error hamming code will do the job if you have 2 bit errors hamming code will also encounter bit errors that is something you should keep in mind. Let us now go back to our content. So, whenever you have a single bit error the weight hamming weight of e is 1 since each column of h is unique h e is the location of the error you flip the corresponding bit and that results in error correction. As I said the block error probability right you can basically start with n choose 2 p square 1 minus p whole power n minus 2 and you know like you can this is not exactly the block error probability because this is the probability of 2 bit flips and then you can add plus 3 and so on, but generally the p square term dominates. So, this is approximate whenever you have 2 bit errors the hamming code will is a perfect code it always maps to a unique element it will give you a wrong element and you will get a block error. Finding the bit error probability is little more intricate and I will leave that to some references you can go check that out and then you can always just you know find out how that is computed.  So, for example, we saw that over here we saw that if you go for 16 right you get 11 by 15 and so on. So, the hamming code is going to start giving you more and more you know it is it can give you you know better rates as well, but for higher block ends length the problem is single error correction is generally not sufficient that is if you have only single error correction what happens is that as the block length becomes larger the probability that you have more errors is much more from a probabilistic standpoint even if you have a coin that results in tails very rarely as you make the number of tosses larger and larger the probability of getting two tails is much much higher. So, the using a hamming code for very very large block lengths is well it may be efficient term a rate perspective, but it is generally not a good idea because the ability to correct only one bit error is not enough when the probability of error in a binary symmetric channel is reasonably high. If p is something like 10 power minus 3, 10 power minus 4, 10 power minus 5 then yes the hamming code will result in a huge benefit even if you take the m to be a high number, but the problem is that you know when you have very large number of bit errors then you are going to have issues.  In fact, before we go to those algebraic block codes you know it is like Reed Solomon Reed Miller are very very common. In fact, Reed Solomon codes are used in a variety of applications where uses error correction in you know disks like optical disks like you know compact disks and DVDs Reed Miller codes are also very commonly used block error you know control codes and there is also a family of modern block codes called turbo codes, LDPC codes and polar codes. These are all more of random randomness oriented or motivated codes that can perform very very well in large block lengths with excellent error performance and reasonably high rates. In fact, they are known to be very very efficient and optimal also in the capacity sense capacity is something that we will go through in the next couple of lectures. So, the other thing is there are also a group of convolutional codes and several other such applications of codes where they perform error control continuously and you can form a trellis just like your equalization to handle errors as you go. So, these are subjects for references where you can read some good error control coding related textbooks and I encourage you to do so, but in short the hamming code and linear block codes are very efficient and effective and they offer a good solution as a starting point for error correction whenever you have a practical noisy channel. In the next lecture we will be implementing the hamming code on GNU radio using a block and studying how the performance is going to be. Thank you.


Okay, I'm not sure how this works because this is a second screen. So okay, this is another talk about ESP32. We already had one around last October where William gave the initial talk about ESP32. This is kind of update, see what happens during the six months. So okay, we know that the ESP32 is actually upgrading of ESP8266. I see a lot of people actually using this before. And the chip was released on September of 2016. And William did that talk on October, which is very pioneering work. So it has been six months already passed. And there's a lot of updates to ESP32 development environment, everything else. So let's see what happens now. During the time, actually many people have difficulties to get ESP32. So there's this sarcastic Twitter message, see it is made of purist unobtainium. So luckily recently there's an announcement saying okay, we have the new version that's made of a William 1729. I guess it's in 2017, February the 9th where they have our biggest launch. So now it is actually very easy to get an ESP32. So what we have now is first we have an ESP32 W Room. This is the expressive official module, unlike the ESP8266 time that we have a lot of different modules like ESP01 and ESP14. So at this currently we only have one, which is the ESPW Room 32. And luckily, Expressive is giving all the design document of this module. So you see other people are making similar modules with the same pinout and the same layout. So for example, our familiar AI thinker get one, they call this ESP32S. And recently there's a DF robot to get another one. It's exactly the same as the ESP32 W Room, but they have some of their own logos written on their shielding can. And I have to mention some of the other boards. For example, this is a DV DevKit C, which is also initialized by Expressive when they initially launched this module. And that was selling by Adafoot and Olimax during starting from last year. And the time was like one customer, one piece kind of a limitation. Now it doesn't have any more. And some of, I just go through some of the development hardware. Nano32, which is almost the first ESP32 development board by third party. And this is done by our maker Asia and the gravity tech. It's a much nicer design. I still love it very much because it is fit to a breadboard very well. Whereas this board, you have to, using two breadboards side by side, then you can actually spend two boards to use it.  They have this ESP32 thing. In addition to any of the other board, they have a lithium battery charger. And they have, so that you can use a lithium battery to supply this whole project. And also there are some of the other name was mentioning. For example, the home build they are doing across supply now. This board is selling at $12. And this one, and VMOSC is kind of a very familiar name in 8266. And they really give a very attractive price at $7. You can order this from AliExpress. I'm not sure how the quality yet by this order, but $7, how can go wrong, right? And this is another one from Thailand. And they have additional, they have humidity sensor on top of the boards. And humidity and temperature. I'm not sure whether it's a good idea because the temperature sensor seems like very near the ESP32 module, so yeah, it runs quite warm actually. And okay, I need to mention this is my board. This is the ESP32. It has all the functions of all these. And I have a special shelf that has a jpeg debugging. So if I have time, maybe I have to quit them more of this later. So okay, this is a hardware site. So let's go to the major difference between 32 and the 8266 that ESP32 has a hell of a lot of documentation. I don't want to pull up this page yet. It's too many things here. And they actually have a very nice reader doc.io. They have other documentation online that you can just search in there, whatever, inside there. And with these documentation, I have to say that non-expressive is very much on par with all the other responsive silicone manufacturers because they have all the documentation and they keep updating very nicely. And also you can have this book. This is actually a free book, but it recommended the price is $5. You can pay this guy, Nick Cobain, $5 and get this book. And he also have a very nice YouTube channel about all the technical tutorials. So the main idea I'm coming to this talk is I want to introduce different development environment. I want to do some demos. So let's start with the first one, which is MicroPython. Our MicroPython has been very, very popular in the last year when they do ESP3266, CC3000, all kinds of boards. And this guy, it is MIT licensed, meaning that you can use it for commercial projects. And it is actually a single-handedly ported to ESP32 by this guy, Damian George. And recently they have an announcement that the initial MicroPython, which is by PyCon team, and they are merging together. So the current GitHub report here, but soon you will see the whole thing in a single report by PyCon. So I'm doing a quick demo here. So I have this board here. I'm not sure what you can see. I just put LED, everything I want to do starting doing anything is blinking program. So let's see how we can do a blinking using MicroPython. Do you need me to hold the board for you? I don't need. Actually, I think most people can see this. Okay, I need to pull this. Okay, MicroPython currently, what you have is they call a REPL, which is read evaluation print loop. It's a very fancy name, but actually what it does is just a command line. So you can do everything like you're doing in Python like print, hello. It's very much the Python program. Now you can do all kinds of things here. For example, I can do a very simple blinking program. Where's my mouse? Okay, this is a very simple Python program. If anybody familiar with Python, this is just starting blink. So this is MicroPython. Actually, if you use MicroPython on 8266, there's a very nice web UI, everything that you can actually type the code and store in the Microcontroller itself. But currently, it has not been ported yet, but it will be very soon. So this is, but it is kind of a very promising project. But I'll just stop here as I want to go to the next one, which is much more interesting. So the second one, what I'm showing is, okay, I want to show that it's something called a Mangoos OS. It is kind of very, very new. It's just started. And what it does is it allows you to program a ESP32 using JavaScript. So I do the same thing. I put the bot here. And what I'm showing here is, let's see. You can go to the website and download the Mangoos OS. And what you get is actually a very simple tool called MOS. You will just get something like a executable just called MOS. It doesn't show up anything. But when you run it, I show a Mangoos OS program first. I need to stop this. Let me just stop this first. So basically, Mangoos OS let you to program Microcontroller using both JavaScript and Cs. For example, here is a C program and a JavaScript program work together to make a blinky. So what does the C program do? It's actually very simple. It's just one function. Give a number, return a number, tell that the LED is on pin five. And this is the initial code that looks very daunting, but actually it's just starting the JavaScript and then run this in it.js. And what happens to the JavaScript side is Okay, this is pure JavaScript. Get the LED from C function core and do a timer and do a callback to toggle this thing, to toggle the LED. So how to use this one is actually what you need to do is actually what you need to do is just call MOS build. I'm not doing here because the mechanism is Upload all your code to their console with the compilation, then they download. After downloading, then you just do a flash.  It's not too big. It's like that simple. And the most interesting part is that you can run Mangoos OS without any parameter, then you'll get a nice web UI. It's very hard to move to a second. You get a very nice web UI. And you can see what are the files installed in the microcontroller, especially just now the init.js is here. We can just change save and reboot. You can start to see the LED blinking faster. So it's basically if you upload one time, then you can do all your programming inside this environment without any additional development environment. So that is Mangoos OS. They have a lot of other APIs, they call RPC API, that these are the I2C, GPIO, file system, all the Wi-Fi stuff. Then you can call these APIs using either JavaScript or C or a web service call or REST for API, everything. So it's kind of when I saw this, oh my god, I never tried this before. It's kind of I just noticed last week, and I feel that that could be a future. Okay, so much for this. I want to do a quick demo. There's not too much time left. Everybody's favorite Arduino has been ported to ESP32 as well. This is usable because Arduino core, which is GPR licensed, and the two person who is heavily contribute to Arduino project actually is Minodef. He is the initial Arduino also of ESP32-1, which is the beta version of ESP32. This IGRR is Ivan, who is the initial also of Arduino core for A266, and both of them are working for Expressive now. So this is kind of official port. You can actually go to the Arduino core GitHub repo and pull out the hosting, and they don't have automatic installation like previously we have in A266, but it's quite similar. You just install this one, install the whole core. So it's basically you have very much the same thing as the... Okay, so you choose your board. You choose your board as ESP32 module. They have a lot of choices, same as A266. I can get this module and you just upload a code. If you are familiar with Arduino, this is super simple. It's like digital write, delay something out of like that. So it just work like you are using official Arduino board. Okay, so I have 23 seconds left. So let's go to the last one. If you are not happy with all kinds of high level program, everything and in the end you can still go back to the original ESP-IDF, which William gave a talk last time. And what I'm showing is the progress of making this one. What you need to do is download the ESP-IDF packages and... This is still a blinking program. Everything you need to do is like anybody who did the Linus kernel configuration, actually you see this one. This is the same configuration pattern as ESP-IDF. We do everything here. Like you could configure where is the component, everything. Then you do exit, you do make kind of make flash. Then it's a very menu. But this gives you total control of everything about ESP-IDF 2, let's see. Here, so it's a basic code while loop set level, high level, low level, let it be LED blink. And it is very nicely integrated into Eclipse. Then there's a documentation about how to set up your Eclipse and with all the code sense and look for all the documentation, all the header files within the IDE. And once you have all everything compiled, I do a very quick demo of JTAG debugging. So here I start a JTAG server. The program is already running. So for that I can set a break point here. So it kind of stops at your break point. And you can step into the code or you can see all the variables. Everything, this is never been possible in <IP_ADDRESS>. Now it is possible. So you can dig into everything. You want to do a real serious debugging. Then you can use the ESP-IDF 2 with a JTAG. So this is all about I can share at this time. So I think that's all for it. Any questions? Correct. Actually, what happens if you need a JTAG, which uses some of the GPIO pins, unfortunately, then you need an open OCD as a JTAG server. And on the other hand, you have a GDB to connect to the open OCD to doing the debugging. Sorry? Okay, there's a JTAG debugging kind of documentation in the Expressive website, which is not very detailed. And if you continue to look and monitor this space, especially Facebook, I'm preparing the website, talking all about debugging. So it will be launching within two weeks' time. If not, Baoshi will still be here. So have a chat with him and we can show you. You can come here and we can talk about this board. All right, so thank you Baoshi. Thank you so much.