This morning's panel on Indonesia will be covering cultural, political and religious facets of Indonesia. It will be chaired by Andrew McIntyre, who I'll introduce to the platform to get started. It'll finish at 10, and there'll be Q&A from 10 till 10.15. Thanks. Nice to be back here with you. I'm back and forth this morning between here and the meeting with the Central Party School from Beijing. There's another meeting going on in the middle of campus, and some of your number are over in that meeting this morning that are particularly China enthusiasts. Anyway, we're focused on Indonesia here this morning. Our brief is to keep our remarks pretty short, so there's lots of chance for you folks to come in on whatever you want to come in with questions, comments or what have you. I suggest that we're going to take the three of us together. Greg has to leave at 10.15, because he's got to get over to a high-level meeting over in Prime Minister and Cabinet. They want to pick his brains on. Well, he'll tell us what they want to pick his brains on. We're going to keep Greg to the third presentation, because our hunch is that that means you'll have him freshest in your head and probably ask questions about him first before he has to leave. That's roughly our plan of action. We'll aim to speak for five to ten minutes, ten absolute max. If anyone has just a quick question of clarification along the way, you can't understand what somebody's saying or you missed it, feel free to interrupt, but otherwise I suggest we keep questions and comments till 10 o'clock and then we'll have a big bracket of discussion. One other preliminary point to make is that within the Asia and Pacific portfolio at this university, Indonesia is one of the crown jewels. There's just a huge number of Indonesia specialists here. Outside of Indonesia, there's nothing like the concentration of Indonesia specialists that are at ANU anywhere else in the world. It's a very large concentration. What we're doing is just scratching the surface of what's here. We've tried to get three different people to give you a sense of the range or some of the range of interests and expertise here, but there's all sorts of other folks here.  If there's people with expertise in areas that matter for you, feel free to be back in touch with us after you get back home and try and get whatever out of it you can. Now look, I'm aware there's... where's the clock? I better... Don't let me go beyond ten minutes. I'm aware there's people in the room here who'll know a lot about Indonesia and there's also people in the room who won't know much. So we're going to try and look after both sets of interests. What I'm going to do is just some sort of broad scene setting remarks and the nature of this extraordinary political and economic transition that's taken place in Indonesia and is continuing to take place and say something about Indonesia and the world and then Ariel's going to come in and give some broader social and cultural perspectives and then Greg's going to come in and draw attention in particular to questions relating to the position of Islam in Indonesian society and the Indonesian political life. So that's roughly the map. But as I said, I was going to do some broad scene setting remarks. For those of you who don't follow Indonesia, the single most important thing to understand about Indonesia at the moment is that it has been through just the most spectacular political change. By world standards, this is an amazingly rapid, peaceful, and if you can use the word successful, transition. The number of people who've died, the number of the extent of suffering, the extent of traumatization is quite small for size of population and speed with which this has taken place by world standards. That's not to say there wasn't upheaval, but by world standards this is an extraordinary process. Again, for those of you who don't follow Indonesia, the dramatic changes come with the Asian financial crisis at the end of the last century, where Indonesia just suffers these twin radical shocks. It's at that time the most radical economic reversal recorded anywhere in the world in the 20th century, going from very rapid growth to radically negative growth. So this huge economic collapse. And not too surprisingly, that has political consequences and the long-standing military-based regime of Sahara collapses with it. What emerges from that crisis is that Indonesia transforms itself politically and rebuilds itself economically. And as I say, by world standards it was an amazing process. Many scholars of Indonesia and many Indonesians themselves are quite critical, quite disappointed, quite underwhelmed by the changes that have taken place, seeing them as being disappointing in lots of ways. And there's just no question, there's still all sorts of problems that Indonesia needs to tackle. But I would put to you that the really big point is this has been an amazingly successful transition. What has it come about? How come it was, in my terms, as successful as it's been? In simple terms, I'd give you three sorts of ideas for why it's happened the way it has. One is that there was a remarkably broad and strong, what you could call with hindsight, a social consensus on the need for democratization in some fashion in Indonesia. There was a strong public desire for this. Yes, no question, students, NGOs, the activists, political activists of various sorts, the media were at the forefront of pushing the case for reform, for political reform. But underneath that, there was a broad social interest, a broad public interest in seeing major democratic change. That would be one reason, and that would perhaps be the most important reason. A second reason is that with some trial and error, there was quite a bit of experimentation going on in the first years. With some trial and error, Indonesia's ended up designing, creating for itself, tolerably effective, tolerably effective institutions. It's revised a constitution instead of key laws that produce reasonably workable institutions. Again, the sort of headline version of that would be they're provided for free elections that have been repeated now a number of times at the national and sub-national level. Stable rule of law, the Indonesian legal system has got endemic problems with corruption, but there's some parts of the judicial system that have worked reasonably okay, and two to look at in particular, the Constitutional Court and some recent innovations with Islamic courts, which Greg may end up saying something about this, I'm not sure, but have done a great job of bringing improved justice at local level, yikes, two minutes for the poor. Anyway, so lots of, and I guess the last quick thing I'd say about why things have gone well is that generally speaking, if we had our economists here, they'd tell you lots about this. Indonesia for most of the last decades done a pretty good job with economic policy. Sound macroeconomic policy, basically, they've been sort of cautious with their spending and reasonably open, reasonably pro-competition policy settings. That's the good news. The bad news is there's still a heck of a lot of problems Indonesia has to wrestle with. I've mentioned one already, endemic corruption, really serious problems with corruption. Poverty remains a much more extensive problem than it should be for a country at this level of development. There's serious issues of inequality, particularly between the eastern half of Indonesia and the rest, and then you'll find sharp pockets of poverty, even in central Indonesia, on the most populated island of Java. So problems of poverty, education systems are much less good than they should be. Health systems have got all sorts of weaknesses. A quick word before Sam chops me off. I would say something about Indonesia in the world. Indonesia has now put its head back up in world affairs. As you'd guess, for the first half decade or so after the transition began, it was focused inwardly. It's now looking outward again. Indonesia has become a significant player regionally, and it's now starting to try and reach out globally. It's driving things in ASEAN again, and now as the most vibrant democracy in Southeast Asia. It's interesting to see democracy become one of the themes in its foreign policy, both within the region and more broadly. Indonesia's sought to offer itself as a model for reconciliation and bringing things together in various ways into the Middle East. It's actively doing things through the Bali Forum. It's a country that everybody wants to cooperate with these days. Almost everybody else in the world likes Indonesia at the moment. Now, that's partly because this particular government is so popular internationally, because it's very internationalist in its orientation, its pro-international cooperation, and it's partly because Indonesia's got its act together a bit more than it had previously, so it's in a position to do more. But as I said, popular internationally, not so popular at home in this government. One of the ironies here, and this is the point I'll finish on, if you think about the imaginable future for all the wonderful progress of the last ten years in terms of governments and in terms of governance, this is probably about as good as it gets, about as good as it gets.  And that's not a bad combination. And almost all of the people that are conceivable successors, the combination, I would say, is not quite as attractive. But the point's actually deeper than this particular president or the government that he's got. I said before, Indonesia has tolerably effective political institutions. It's a heck of a messy system to try and run. It's a heck of a messy political system. People complain about this government being slow and indecisive, and it is. But you watch anyone else try and make it work. It's a hard system of government to wait work. I'm not saying that I expect things to fall apart, but we cannot take Indonesia's democracy for granted indefinitely into the future. Thanks. Basically, what I want to do is, rather than talking about Indonesia, I would like to share with you very briefly one of my current research projects about Indonesia. Of course, I have to also warn you that, like everybody else, I do all kinds of research works. And I don't want to be labeled by the one project I'm doing at the moment, because sometimes it's very easy to associate somebody with something that you know about that person. What I'm doing at the moment is to try to understand how Indonesia works very hard to rebuild a new nation state in everyday life. This is a continuation of what Andrew just introduced to you. With the fall of a long-standing authoritarian government in 1998, what was dictated for the people is now gone. What was defined, who they were, no longer valid. What you've got now is a kind of a vacuum in state power right at the center, big one, really, where now the rest of the population is trying to fill in in their own ways. And Indonesia, as Andrew introduced to you, is so diverse that you have a whole series of disorientation, competition, and putting bits in how where Indonesia should go from now on to the future. I'd like to approach this study on how Indonesia tried to redefine itself by taking materials that are not usually used in area studies. What I'm referring to is that I have been collecting materials that you can describe as popular cultural materials, as site, as field of expression of how Indonesian want to project themselves. You can collect materials for the same sort of questions from other sort of categories, such as the speeches of the political elites, the state curriculum in schools, and so on, with something I tried to stay away from. Particularly as I am doing my research work, I'm also thinking very hard about what area studies might look like in the second decade of the 21st century. I belong to one generation that was trained under area studies, and area studies in the past 50 years or so have been focusing on modernization and nation-state building. For that reason, area studies in many parts of its history in the past 50 years or so has been focusing on economy, political elite, state administration, and so on, education, and so on. What we've seen in the last few years is a major shift, not only that the old area studies in crisis, but also in the broader context of my research, we have noticed, for example, the decline of faith in the national project. As a result, people are more interested in the study of transnationalism. The decline of faith in modernization theory. People are looking for something else. As well as the decline, I would say, or at least the impasse in some areas of the political economy studies and strive to move away from something else which we call the new humanities. It has inherited from the old humanities in anthropology, in history, in philosophy, but with a new twist now. A more critical one, where the old discipline has been now more or less combined. So, for example, in culture studies, people take a lot of interest in the question of power and politics.  So that is the broader context of my research work. But in doing that, I have actually prepared some data on my PowerPoint, showing you there's something else that is happening on the ground in Indonesia on the areas that I'm interested in. For example, the number of print media has tripled in the last 10 years since the fall of the new order in 1998. Radio stations jump maybe three times. Household with television shed triple to 16 millions. Television networks nationwide has doubled from 5 to 10, not to mention the local television networks that rise to something around 200 in the country, and so on and so on. I have a lot of data that I was going to show you. Facebook users, 10 years after the fall of the new order, Indonesia ranked seventh in the world. As of this week, we are second in the world, only after the United States. With UK number three, India number four. I have the details of the number, actually, but, you know, somehow it's not working here. In popular culture as well, pop music, for example, for the first time in the last 10 years, simply break new records in cell figures in the millions, for example. Some of the Indonesian pop songs, for example, also dominated the cell figures in the neighboring countries. Films broke new grounds both aesthetically and commercially, way superseding the Hollywood blockbusters. You have heard a lot about Indonesia being the largest archipelago in the world, the largest Muslim-populated country in the world. I doubt if you have heard, Indonesia is home of the biggest jazz festival. I bet you have not heard of it. I was going to show you also some pictures. I don't think it's working now. But in defining new Indonesia among Indonesian themselves, ordinary Indonesians, I look at people who watch television, for example, recognizing, acknowledging that no institution in the country captured the attention of their populations as many hours on a daily basis as television. How can you study Indonesia without looking at this? So I've been looking a lot of that, and of course, as you can predict, one of the things that you can find in Indonesia, this is among those who watch television, is the Korean wave. It's a universal thing. If not universal, at least an Asian thing. It's just a bit that I cannot show you the pictures I've prepared. We usually associate the Islamization of Indonesia with the veil and the orientation to the Middle East development. With the Oriental pop cultures like the Japanese, the Taiwanese, the Korean, one might assume perhaps the middle-class secular Chinese minority were the major fans of these new culture products. I have a lot of pictures. Hopefully, if the guys are working still in Kachui later, I've lost a lot of pictures. How millions of girls in the Islamic veil are so crazy for Korean pop culture. In one show, I attended one event last year where there were about 2,000 girls and maybe about 5 boys. I was one old man there taking pictures. They must be wondering why I was there. There were huge posters of all the Korean pop stars, usually males, maybe 3-fold of the real size, and all the girls have to climb the chairs just kissing the pictures in the veil. And not only that, asking the other friends who are in the veil to take pictures of them hugging and kissing the pictures of the Korean girls. So what does it all mean? This is the kind of questions I raised for the future of Indonesia. Unfortunately, my time is limited, so I will stop right here hoping that it will strike a chord with some of you who are still young, at least young and hurt, and we'll talk more about this. I understand that time is not present. Thank you. Thank you, Ariel. That's actually a very good lead-in to what some of the things that I want to talk about. And as has been mentioned, my focus is on Islam in Indonesia. But let me give a little bit of a broader context first of all. Over the past decade, attitudes to Islam globally have changed considerably. Again, we have the impact of 9-11 and other terrorist attacks which have powerfully shaped public media, Western government and academic views on Islam and Muslim communities. One obvious outcome of this is the rise of a powerful specter of threat associated with Islam. Another consequence is a tendency to essentialize Islam. We've all heard these following statements, I'm sure, many times. Islam is a religion of peace. George Bush, Tony Blair, John Howard, all uttered something that's very similar to that. Good Muslims are moderate Muslims. Terrorists twist and deviate from true Islam and so on. So you get the impression that there is one clearly definable manifestation of Islam and it's certainly not a radical form of Islam. It's not just tabloid media and politicians who say these kinds of things but also plenty of academics as well. Some of whom are very knowledgeable about Islam, some of whom indeed are Muslim. But there are lots of bandwagon jumpers as well who realize that governments are making a lot of money available, publishers will publish books that are putting forward a particular view of Islam and so this can be very good for their research funding, very good for rapid career promotion. So there's a socio-economic aspect to the production and knowledge about Islam over the last 10 years. Not unlike what happened during the Cold War where lots of academics made their careers writing about, for example, the communist mind. The sorts of things that people study now as an example of what academics shouldn't be doing. So if we have a look at Indonesian Islam, it can be viewed through these or is viewed through these similar kinds of prisms. It is most often extolled as the most moderate and pluralist Muslim community in the world. Rarely do people making those statements define exactly what moderation is and whether moderation by itself is a good thing. I'm sure with a little bit of thought you can think of times in the history of your own countries where moderation was seen perhaps to be a bad thing, a sign of weakness. So these things are never problematised. Indonesia has also often praised as the most successful Muslim democracy in the world and indeed a beacon to other Muslim nations. And the recent rise of terrorism in Indonesia has been viewed as an aberration, as something very unusual in the history of the nation. Indeed, Islam in Indonesia is seen as otherwise peaceful. And quite often this rise in radicalism, violent radicalism is attributed to international influences, particularly wicked Middle Eastern influences, Saudi influences and the like. There's a lot of literature on this kind of discourse. So in this very brief talk I want to problematise the simple and perhaps comforting perceptions of Islam, especially in the case of Indonesia. And I want to challenge some of the assumptions and also show that there's very little that straightforward about these topics. Indeed, conundrums abound in when we're studying Indonesian Islam. For us as researchers, this is a good thing. There are no easy down pat answers or there shouldn't be. If you hear someone saying that understanding this Islamic group or this terrorist group is simple, it's just this one factor, you should be mightily suspicious of them because it's almost never as simple as that. We have lots of meaty topics to be researched and debated and I find, even though I've been studying this for 20 years, it's endlessly fascinating and I'm constantly made aware of how much I don't know and how quickly things change. So the verities of a few years ago may no longer hold up to close scrutiny today. So it's a constant challenge to try and understand these developments. So here's first conundrum. And to begin with the fact, this is related to what Ariel was saying, Indonesia is rapidly Islamising. We have lots of evidence for this. What we mean by Islamising is not so much that people are shifting from other religions into Islam but rather that Muslims are becoming much more pious, much more observant. Many more Muslims are praying five times a day, observing the fast during the month of Ramadan, would be reading Islamic texts, sending their children to Islamic school and as Ariel has done a lot of research on, also consuming Islam, buying products, often very middle class Yuppie kinds of products because they're being sold within Islamic flavour. This includes Islamic banking, Islamic clothing, Islamic holidays. There are all sorts of ways in which you can express your Islamic faith through your consumption patterns and it's a way of strengthening your identity as a pious Indonesian citizen. So we know that we have this rapid Islamisation taking place in society. The assumption often is in the West that more Islamisation means more Islamism and by Islamism I mean people wanting Islam and Islamic values formally present in public life. So more Sharia law, for example, more restrictions on the roles of what non-Muslims can do in public life. Now in Indonesia, one of the conundrums is that parallel with this increasing pietism we have had a decline in the popularity of Islamic parties. At the last general election in Indonesia in 2009 Islamic parties scored their worst results in 60 years of elections in Indonesia. They got less than 30% of the vote. Keep in mind, 88% of Indonesians according to the last census are Muslims. So what's been happening here is a delinking of personal party from political choice at least at the moment. Who knows in 10 years time whether that dynamic will change but nonetheless this has been a trend for at least 20 years. It doesn't mean to say that Islam isn't a political factor but increasingly what these newly pious Muslims are doing is looking for parties that are very competent particularly economically. The sort of parties led by Cecila Bambangidiyono the current president who Andrew was talking about. His party very selectively uses Islamic themes. It's not in a very exclusivist way but it's a way that appeals to a lot of I suppose what we call in Australia aspirational voters, people who are middle class and want to be upper middle class and the like. So they want governments that are competent can deal with the problems the nation's facing can deal with them well but also a government which is informed by Islamic values. They're not necessarily wanting Sharia law to be implemented but they like the fact that their president is an observant Muslim who will pray five times a day who does seem to be a good man. Another Koran conundrum. Indonesia of course is exalted as a moderate and pluralistic nation but it also has in recent years a growing problem with religious intolerance which the government is largely blind to. We have had violence towards so called deviant sects within the Islamic community such as the Ahmadis.  There's also increasing difficulty for religious minorities to build houses of worship in areas where they are in fact a minority. So overall you would have to say Indonesia still has a very good record on religious harmony but it is selectively so and there are some issues where Indonesians can be remarkably cold hearted about the persecution of religious minorities and violence towards them. And this begins with the president and goes right down to grassroots of society. We can find similar kinds of selectivity in Australia of course as well. I don't want to claim Indonesia is anything unique here. The Muslim democracy issue. Hillary Clinton, Kevin Rudd loves talking about how Indonesia is this wonderful Muslim democracy in the world. And indeed Indonesia of course has a very large majority of its population who are Muslim. So it's a Muslim majority in that sense. But Western leaders are often saying there's something Islamic about this democracy in Indonesia. My question would be is that so? Certainly Muslims helped to create this really remarkable democratization that Andrew spoke about. Muslims were a key part of that but how much was Islamic values and Islamic principles a key driver in this factor? Is it the case that Westerners because of their preoccupation with and perhaps an anxiety about what manifestations Islam may take have been concentrating on a religious factor as a primary element when in actual fact those religious factors are secondary or tertiary factors. That what people were seeking with democratization was something that was not at all religious or not particularly religious. But we have ascribed those religious values to it because of our concern about how Islam should manifest itself in the world. My own view is that in fact Indonesia's democratization has very little to do with Islam at all. Just as we find similar reform processes underway in the Middle East and in North Africa also have remarkably little Islamic content to them. Final thing to say about terrorist motivations and terrorism. This is something I do a lot of research on. Recently I spend a lot of my time interviewing terrorists. This is the most of all the complex and contentious topics that one can study in Indonesian Islam. This is the most contentious. Almost nothing is straightforward with this topic. Even within the one group of terrorists responsible for a terrorist action when you interview them you can find a remarkable array of factors that they will mention as the reasons for them engaging in violence.  That's got nothing to do with why people are doing that. And in order to understand the reasons why very close research has to be undertaken. An enormous amount of research has been undertaken on terrorism across the globe in the last 30 or 40 years and it produces a bewildering array of explanations as to why this happens. I'd also just note between terrorists themselves there is no consensus. Jihadists often have very sharp debates about who should be the target of their actions when you should launch those attacks what sort of modes you should use should be assassination bombings you'd be guarding westernism non-muslims or your own officials. Here's one figure for you in the last year and a half all the victims of Indonesian terrorist attacks have been police. I think the figure is now about 22, 23 police have been killed by terrorists and not a single westerner. So that's one change that's taken place. There's still people there who want to kill westerners but they just haven't been undertaking any actions. That's a quite dramatic change in the space of a few years. The final thing to say about this is that this notion that terrorism is something new some virus which has infected this otherwise healthy and moderate body Islamic in Indonesia that's also completely fallacious. Terrorism or violent jihadism has been present in Indonesian history almost since independence in 1945 we have really the granddaddy of violent jihadist movements in Southeast Asia. Darul Islam formed in Indonesia in 1948 and it's present right up until this present day. It's one of the progenitors of Jemaah Islamia it's never really gone away there's always been a fringe of the Islamic community that's been drawn to this kind of Islamic messages. It's been mixed with messages from international fora but it's mixing with something that's also very homegrown. Finally, I'd just like to apologize for having to leave early but if anyone wants to talk if anyone wants to have a chat I'm around the next couple of days just send me an email, what have you and I'll be happy to do so. Thank you. My name is Paul and I'm a graduate student of the National National University I've served so years in both Iraq and Afghanistan trying to understand complex and servers for the terrorists myself and what we've done in the United States Army is actually bring on more anthropologists to help us with that discursive analysis and I was curious some anthropologists decry this and I'll give you a few thoughts on that too. Has that been involved in? As we know from the in fact I would be really surprised if a serious scholar was to mount an argument like that. Terrorism is a very powerful phenomenon in the world at the moment and like being other beings it deserves to be called scholarly study. One of the things I find in Indonesia for example is that there is almost a pretty judicial approach through anyone studying terrorism. So I go through the same university very quickly the same university and I talk about an Islamist army people will be very interested because they are going to talk about jihadists or terrorists people will just switch off here and they'll be less than a minute coming along coming in and stuff like that My message to them is that this is in fact not only is it an age problem for Indonesia and for Indonesian Muslims because it's a big difference of these kind of terrorist attacks but academically it is it's a fascinating field it's important and it's also immensely challenging to try and understand it. So you for example mentioned the value of bringing in anthropologists. I'm hard to take before researchers here and one of them is psychoanalysts so I can read the documents of the psychoanalysts and read it from my background which is political science and history and I identify the psychological strings and the authors I mentioned hear the critical arguments in their life so that would be the kind of interpretation I would do based on their their primary source of views psychoanalysts comes along and he says ah, none of that much I'm not reading it let me give you one example Muqlas, the older brother I know is each one of the larger ones a psychoanalyst friend when he reads the text he said Muqlas is suffering from almost an instable sense of skill that he was born into half of the world around him he was born from his mother's body he's spelt in cure his entire life and he really says look at the way he influenced his wife his wife was the body owners of menstruation, the effects of aging and look at the way he idealised the tone of Kevin and the the extra virgins that he would meet there who don't have any of these unpleasant you know human odours or consequences of aging they talk constantly about the death loat the cultural death loat U.S. sitcoms and busty women running around with vagueness for him, when he writes about this in a very graphic way it says cultural pollution which is washing over the Muslims and making them pure and so the jihadism for him is the ultimate expression in his desire to purify himself and dying as a mother was immediately one way for him this to resolve purification I think that's actually a really valuable way to look at this but it's an entirely different interpretation from what I was saying and I'll just have a little bit of time as to the biology and the life I think this is a field where a lot of human approaches and we're at the last bit of the day you're at the last bit of the day thank you I does want to have other questions that I can rank other questions comments, curiosities I guess my question was to Graeme very well my question is change of is I guess Islamic terrorists from targeting foreigners to targeting the police do you have a comment on that and a great distinction to the back of the stage of the cultural effort to comment on the change and to myself I think it's probably in a far-fetched answer to Graeme can you do a comment on that? I'm happy to take this I'm happy to take this this if I may just say something I did my PT from the policy from the policy but I'm kind of a terrorist a state terrorist a terrorist but I think the police is quite understandable and a parallel to what I have on my side that the police in fact and the experience that the government has really you know calm down the terrorists this is similar to what we thought on the world scale I think for that the government has a major so they try to do it in front of the real and similarly in my side I can be wrong but this is my view Hi my name is Ashley and I'm from the public school here at ANU and I also just spent two years working in Indonesia running the social networking at the Jakarta Globe newspaper so I'm hearing about the exponential growth of Facebook that was a strong machine to see in country I wanted to ask about some of the social movements that have formed out of these social media networks particularly following the Jakarta Retail Bombing because in 2009 there was a movement called Indonesia Unites that sort of emerged online people sort of pushing for action at this very grassroots level through online communications channels and I guess I wanted to ask whether you feel that you certainly have any real impact to me to be just political development My quick answer is it does have some impact but very important and a lot of photographers I think particularly advertisers like to operate the good example with the true effect is the case of Rita there was one lady who complained about hospital service where she was in and she was charged with defamation and wrote a trial and took her to prison people were so angry about it worked on Facebook and decided to pay on her behalf it was kind of it made in terms of recording so it didn't make any sense to pay and it is a symbol but usually it doesn't work that way I think you should put something bigger than that and my worry is that with the new technology most of the time it becomes so preoccupied with you know with everybody unlike the people in industry I think just a little footnote to that to the irony of this I want to ask you a question about immigration there is an increasingly sophisticated industry around political parties business winning government lost her mind and you find all of these political entrepreneurs offering themselves up to political parties connecting to political parties some of the most skillful emerging politicians have the skills to distort problems and they are all looking for ways to get some kind of edge in the political market place I don't follow this personally myself I hear from many people that they are trying to find ways of tapping into new technology and social networks to use it the advantage of this service Thank you for the opportunity I'm Natasha, I study here at the proper school and my question will be a little bit about Asia-Pacific how do you measure differences in both between Asia-Pacific and what are the urgencies of Indonesia and being involved in Asia-Pacific what's in it for Indonesia and what do you think the common ground social and cultural for Indonesia to be involved in Asia-Pacific Thank you Indonesia you ask a question of this sort of logic you ask for this do you think you are trying to get the logistically correctly what's in it for Indonesia to be more active to put more political, obviously budgetary resources into pursuing regional foreign policy initiatives two sorts of answers to that one will say in the end of the life and the other will say there may be appreciable advantages over time they won't be cared for in a while the first answer will say what this does is make people like presidents and foreign ministers and city diplomats international academics and community commentators they like it because they will go along and they are part of these things and they get so far they get famous and you are competing on political marketplaces, politicians are here officially to advance your career there is something interesting there and the first perspective will say what does that do for ordinary Malaysian citizens or ordinary Australian citizens or substitute countries the other response will say look this is the national international cooperation it's slow it's messy it's elusive and when it works it contributes to increased prospects of regional stability increased prospects of policy cooperation amongst governments ranging from war between like municipal services health services all sorts of technical stuff that goes on through to cooperation on security in an area where a lot of people take this on is creating financial cooperation opening up prospects for more commoners rather than less commoners and the argument there will be in the election previews to all of our citizens so the argument to view some of this might even be close to the same and there are all of the local people and if anybody is not open can we come back to some of this ? 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The Irish writer James Joyce once described Catholicism in the phrase, Here comes everybody. Well, not quite. But because Catholicism is the largest religious tradition in the United States and the largest in the world, it is the most diverse of religious families. In our minor, you get to study the tradition in all its varied forms through the lens of many different disciplines. Interested in how sociology understands the current face of the Catholic Church? Want to know how musicians and painters and novelists and poets express what they think is important about it? Want to figure out what makes Pope Francis tick? You can do all of these things and more by wandering through all we have to offer in this study of Catholicism as an intellectual, cultural and religious tradition.


They only have two lefts, so I'm just gonna be... They have lefts. What? What did you say they had lefts? They only have an AT-4. No I'm not! Alright, it's gonna have to do. I know. Yeah, I actually saw them grow. Push down, push down, push down. Hey, push to your left, push to your left, push to your left. That's the tip of something doesn't get to the right, they're right there. Hey, slow down, slow down. One shot at the one side. I sustain a gunshot. One, two, three.  So the interoperability piece is what we're trying to get after. How does a Polish headquarters command and control a U.S. cavalry regiment with other multinational partners within that regiment as well? 2CR is America's forward recon element located in Europe and so if anything was to be activated in a deterrence kind of standpoint then we would look at 2CR to provide that recon asset along with other units we rotate through Europe for the rapid action force. So exercises like Saber Junction allow us to provide that environment where a U.S. cavalry regiment and a Polish division can have the decision space and understanding between each other and how that division would answer to a multinational corps to meet the needs and provide those trained and ready units to defend Europe.


Hello friends, Osiris here and back with another solo build for the 7-star Venusaur that is now live in Pokemon Scholar in Violet. So surely after the event itself went live, we put up a video for the best build to solo the Venusaur with. It did feature that chest note if you haven't checked it out and you would like to look at the chest note build I'll link it up in the top right hand corner as well as in the description below, but we do have another build to feature this morning. Just giving you all an alternative option. So first of all, just to say that the event itself is running from the 28th of February, which is as of today until the 5th of March, which will take us into next week. So it'll be next Tuesday when this event finishes all the standard stuff. This is a move set that you can see for the Venusaur and its nature and things like that. But the big important thing that I wanted to point out for this video is the item drops. So when you repeat this raid, when you go in and beat the Venusaur again after that initial time of catching it, you are going to have the opportunity of getting drops for Herbomistica, something that we've never had before with the seven star terror event. So it is a very good way to farm for Herbomistica while this event is running. We've got a good amount of time to do it. So take advantage of it. You've got a 3% chance of these Herbomistica dropping every time that you come in to do the Venusaur after that initial time of completing. Now, if you are doing this event over the weekend to farm for Herbomistica, it is worth considering setting up a sandwich, which gives you the raid power level 2 for this raid, which is going to give you two extra drops, giving you more chances of getting those Herbomistica. So big shout out to GeForceV for their comment and the reminder about this, giving us a recipe as well with six noodles, two horseradish, one whipped cream and one chili sauce. That is the sandwich recipe that you're going to need. That is going to give you that raid power level 2 for Grand Tide Pokemon and two additional drops every time you complete this terror raid. I've got to give a big shout out for the build that we are going to feature in today's video. Of course, we already have covered the chest note. Again, check that video out if you'd like to see the build for that one. But as I say, a big shout out to Exia0616 for providing the information on this build. I'd had to do it because it's such an easy one. If you've got Hesuin Goudre in your game, reported it through from Pokemon Legends Arceus. This is going to be a very easy one. You're going to have no trouble at all. You're not going to take any damage throughout the raid. So I had to feature it. It is a very easy, consistent way to run through the raids and farm for those Herbomistica. So we've got the Hesuin Goudre. It has got that steel terror typing, has that held item of the air balloon. It's going to be level 100. And of course, all of the builds that we feature in today's video will be down in the description below. We've got the move set of Protect, Curse, Jarible, and Ironhead. And then the ability, which is an important one for this one, is going to be that SAP SIPA, giving us complete immunity to all grass type attacks with an EV spread of 252 in HP and then 252 in attack with a brave nature. That is what we need to have on this Hesuin Goudre. Like I say, all the information will be down in the description below. We'll jump into the raid now and I'll show you how easy it can be to do this raid with the Hesuin Goudre and probably maybe even a little bit quicker than the Chestnut. Definitely a little bit more reliable. Also, just a side note, if you are needing the air balloon item, head to Kaskarafa North and then from here, you're going to want to head to the Convenience Store, which is the Daily Bird Presents Store right here. And inside here is where we're going to be able to pick up the air balloon item so you can use it on this Goudre. It is going to be under battle items and it should be just down the list here. The air balloon, it is pretty pricey, but you should have enough money at this point in your game to be able to pick it up. And that is how you're going to be able to get the item for the Goudre this weekend. So when you come into the raid, you're going to see that turn zero. The Venusaur is going to set up a sunny day. It is going to set up a growth and it is going to fire off a Petal Blizzard. The nice thing about Hussuin Goudre though is that it has a complete immunity against everything that the Venusaur can throw out at us as long as that air balloon item is intact. If we take any damage throughout the raid, that air balloon could get popped and then will be susceptible to those earth powers. So there is a key turn throughout this raid we need to pay attention to. We'll get to that in a moment. But after the Venusaur has done all of its work to set up this turn zero, fire off the Petal Blizzard, we're going to start attacking with our iron head because we're going to chase that tracelization as well as the turn where it nullifies our stats and abilities on our side of the field. And it's only going to do that once in this raid. So that is a really important one. It's going to be pretty early on when it does that. But for the first three turns, just fire off those iron heads and to the point where it is going to be doing that, nullifying those stats and abilities on our side of the field. And it'll also set up a shield as well, which then allows us to kind of set up for the rest of the raid. So you can see it is getting itself set up. But with the Sap Sipper, we've got a complete immunity to any grass type attacks with the steel typing. We're immune to the poison type attacks and with the air balloon, we have the immunity to the ground type attacks as well. So you can see here, we're going to fire off this third iron head and this should put us in a position where we do see that Venusaur nullify the stats and abilities on our side of the field. And this is what we're looking for. So this is a real key turn in this raid. This is where we need to go for the Protector. If it uses a grass type attack here, it will be able to hit us. That Sap Sipper is nullified for this turn only and it will be meaning that we are going to be susceptible to those earth powers for the rest of the raid. Making it very difficult for us to actually execute our strategy. So we're going to see after that the shield set up and then we spend the next six turns going for our curses. So that's what we're going to do here. We'll use that Curse six times. It's going to boost our attack and the defense by one stage every time you use it and lower our speed as well at the same time. So we want to use six of those, get us down to minus six speed, plus six in attack and defense to set us up for the rest of this raid. So we'll skip forward six turns until we've got those set up. And that is our final Curse set up there. We're plus six on attack and defense, minus six speed. And if we look at the Venusaur here, it is all set up itself. But we're in a great position now to start firing off these gyro balls. And we'll be able to do some really good damage with the set up complete. The raid time is still in a good position as well. So we've got plenty of time to run through this raid. And like I say, you're not going to have to worry about taking any damage as long as you get that key turn right where you go for the protect, just in case it goes for an attack to break that air balloon. Otherwise you're going to be free to just hit that terastalization button at this stage.  Now the only other thing to mention throughout this raid is your raid partners. Now there are four raid partners. I would suggest you try and stay away from maybe even five that I would try and stay away from going into this raid with Gudra. Now this is a bit of a caveat, of course, because it can be difficult. Sometimes you're always going to get those. Not all of them are the big ones, but I would say the main ones to try and avoid are going to be the Covernite, the Haxorus and the Galganical. They all have ways in which they can lower the speed of Venusaur. It's going to weaken the power of your gyro ball, so you want to try and avoid raid partners with those. So the Covernite, like I say, the Haxorus, they have scary face, and the Galganical has rock tomb. They can all lower the speed on the Venusaur. The other ones to kind of try and stay away from and maybe Dunsparse does have glare and also the belly ball as well, which does have discharge. It can paralyze. So they're the ones that I would say to stay away from. Otherwise you're going to be fine. None of the other raid partners have ways in which to lower the speed. And you can see once that shield is broken, you're going to be able to run through this raid very quickly with these gyro balls. It's not a super effective attack, but because of the power that you've got behind you, the setup that we already have access to with the Goudre, you're not going to be threatened by taking, like we've taken no damage throughout this raid and you're not going to take any damage throughout this raid.  Again, make sure that you have PP maxed your gyro balls just in case you need to, because we're all coming down to the last gyro ball here. It is very important that you PP max those to make sure that you've got enough to get you through this raid. Of course, you're going to have the iron head to kind of fall back on, but you don't really want to have to rely on that at the end of the raid when you can just do it like that. And we ended off with a nice critical hit and plenty of time left on the raid timer as well. And it is as easy as that, friends. You're going to have a really easy time if you have access to Hussui and Goudre in your copy of Scotland Violet. This is a really good one for you to run through. We've got the raid power active. Do we get any extra drops? They will be at the bottom. No, not this time, but never mind. We do get two extra drops. So we can now just farm through these raids and hopefully get a lot of Herbomistica throughout the weekend while this event is running. I think the Herbomistica additional drops that we get really give you an incentive to go after this raid and run through it as much as possible. Of course, if you do want to respawn the dens after you've beat it, because you only get one on your map at a time, come into your home menu, then into system settings, down into system, then into date and time. Make sure you're synchronized, clocked by the internet is off. Click into date and time, toggle through, hit OK, and then come into the home menu again and all your dens will respawn and you'll see, oh, there we go, right next to us. So you can head over to it and then just repeat this process. Take full advantage of those raid powers that you do have access to. We'll be able to pull us up and show you that we've still got a little bit of time left on ours. So we'll be able to get over to that raid, take advantage of it while we can. But if you need to set them up again, you've got plenty of time just to set them up and then run through the raids for 30 minutes. Remember, when you're doing the Datescape, it doesn't reset the Sandwich Power. So you can take advantage of those for as long as they are active. So friends, that is everything for today's video. Bit of an update there with another alternate build that you can take into these raid events over the weekend and some extra information about farming the Herbomistica, getting those two extra drops on each raid when you're going into it. Makes it a lot more likely to get those Herbomisticas every time you do farm through these Venusol. So I hope you have a lot of fun with this event when it's running. Like I said, we've got till next Tuesday to take advantage to it. So plenty of time to farm those Herbomisticas and hopefully Blastoise, which is the next raid in line after the Venusol, follows suit with those Herbomistica drops as well. And maybe even the Charizard, it is returning after that to give us the final three of the seven star raid events that have been announced on Pokemon Day. So if you've enjoyed the video, friends, do drop a like, do subscribe to the channel to stay up to date with all of our Pokemon scholar and violet content. And I will see you all in another video very soon. So until then, friends, take care of yourselves and bye-bye.


I thought today I would give you an impression of Norco as it is today, then talk a little bit about our experiences in China and then sort of try to wrap it up about, we're hearing a lot about corporate investment family farms, but talk through some of those issues that really mean if we wish to actually take those opportunities forward into Asia that we can do that with additional milk suppliers. So to give you a sense of Norco, Norco is one of the last bastions in the cooperative model where we still have one member, one vote, which started in 1895. So it's a traditional cooperative and it has its own set of challenges, but it works for us today. And we're a little bit different as a cooperative in the sense that we don't have to necessarily worry about our shareholders, they are our owners and therefore they are our milk suppliers. So we worry about what we call total farm gate returns and creating stable milk prices. And one of the challenges that we've always put, and I've put the pie chart up there around our business mix, is my experience in the industry, which I've been around for some time now, has actually shown us that the challenges in the North that we actually face is about maintaining a relatively stable milk price and a never increasing milk price to keep up with the pace of inflation. And so over a period of time we've developed this model where 70% of our business is milk related either through sales of fresh milk or processing of ice cream or manufacturing of ice cream. And the other is actually created from a diverse customer base from the rural retailing business that we operate, which is not just dairy. Dairy actually only operates about, I think it's around 12% of that business. And I had to do a little promo here, but just to give you a sense of the brands, brands are incredibly important to all our businesses. And obviously we also have some great grand awards that actually give us some great leverage into the China market. So let's start talking about China. And one of the things that I think I've just showed you some brands and one of the challenges that we've all found with China and our very first experience of putting fresh milk into China was the fact that our intellectual property on our brands and the capacity for someone to counterfeit that product is very real. But there's some very innovative solutions that our Australian friends are actually creating. And if you actually think about this piece, there's a barcode on that app that actually is individual to that bottle of milk and can be tracked via an app, a download of an app in China. And the customer can scan it back to our system at Norco, which will tell you exactly how old that bottle of milk is, where it comes from. And as soon as the milk hits its use by date, that code will no longer work, so they can't actually activate the code. So there's some very clever innovative ways and that's just one example that I would actually thought I would actually talk you through. So the ice cream business is also really interesting for us. And so one of the things that we're really good at Norco is that and the industry has moved to this. Many of us have actually created sectors of the dairy sector that we're actually good in. Norco is very good at actually manufacturing an ice cream. We learnt that from companies like Baskin Robbins that come out of the America in the 80s and formed joint ventures with us. Whilst that joint venture may no longer exist, we learnt to actually make an ice cream and be very good at it. So we've made ice creams for companies like Baskin Robbins, Streets, Gina Lever and we now do a lot with the retail sector in Australia. So in Australia, we don't actually manufacture our own brand of ice cream. And that was driven by the fact that some time ago we realised that the ice cream segment in Australia, especially the premium segment that actually had the better margins, was so small that the really, the, once the margins were larger, the cost of manufacturing small runs was actually problematic for us. So we exited those brands in around 2006. One of the interesting pieces from China's perspective is that those brands now are actually seen to be of great interest to them. And it gives us, and it enters a new world for us in the sense that developing a brand not only nationally, but globally becomes a real opportunity because the market's much bigger. And one of the challenges here is to give the Chinese what they're actually looking for, and I say, and I shouldn't say Chinese, it's just the Asian community, that local fresh feeling about our products and the provenance story behind it. One of the challenges, and just going back to Fresh Milk for a moment, one of the challenges that we found with the Fresh Milk market was, and I think this gets back to a lot of about our culture and the Asian experience was that many people in China actually think that fresh, UHC milk is fresh. So it's become very confusing for them around how do we market a product, you say yours is fresh, but we say ours is fresh. And there was a great confusion around that. So we've been slowly working around that. And there, and one of the problems that transposed when we actually talked about fresh product, the premiums that were perceived in the market were actually quite high. But one of the challenges that we now face is that the market in China has also learned how to get around those high premiums. So lots of people think someone said $20 a litre for milk, came on milk before. Well, my first question is, how many litres do they sell? Because if you sell two, it doesn't make you rich. And so one of the challenges that we've actually faced is, we'll see you can see fresh milk in China on a shelf for somewhere between $8 and $11, depending on where it is. It's about making sure you sell as much of that as possible on the shelf. And the consumer not actually trying to get it when they're used by date is getting closer to the end. So there's plenty of challenges on that price sensitivity. And the Asian community is very, very clever around that. So we found that working with the distributors and the retailers in China on educating the market is really, really quite necessary. So it means that from our perspective, making sure the retailers or the people selling their product don't necessarily give that product away or discount it when it gets close to the end. If you want to maintain that premium, it certainly needs to be that marking edge needs to be taken through and supported through the system. But I think that the other challenge there is it educating ourselves. And I think this is, it's like a marriage and a development of a new relationship. We both, the Asian and the Australian people, are trying to figure out where we fit together and how we can actually work relationships, racing in and trying to do a deal in a week in a month in six months just doesn't work. There needs to be plenty of thought process around that. And one of the challenges that we actually talk about is the dynamics of the product that we actually sell. So in Australia, we've actually, and we've actually certainly got some products that we think and capabilities that we think is great, but just things like portion size, a 500 mil tub, I showed you a moment ago a, probably flip back to that, a 500 mil tub. Now that might seem like a really nice size in Australia and that's probably the largest growing category in Australia. But for Chinese, that's too big. Can't get in their fridge. They like to eat it on the way home. So a whole set of challenges around that piece. So the next piece I wanted to talk about was the distinct opportunities that we actually have. I'm just going back to that piece around. There was the capability, it's not only the capability, but it's about the fascination with this Australian provenance story and the local brand. So now whether it's a Norco product or a Vega product or a Marigoldian product, we need to be able to make sure that we can formulate a product that actually is suitable for their market. So you may actually very well have a Norco product and it may be a native product. It may have lights in it or it may have green tea. But making sure that product is branded Norco as gives us one opportunity. But the second opportunity to that is that then making sure that the product has another style of product actually has the opportunity of their own styles of chase their own style. And we think that's actually the larger opportunity in the longer term. The challenge for us is to actually create relationships with retailers and hit that segment really hard with new relationships and fine tune those relationships while we actually develop that, the tastes and the profiles that they actually want around that product. And the interesting piece is cracking the market is really interesting. We do have those light bulbs moments in the event that how do we actually supply the market when it actually takes off? Because you've got to think about in our part of the world where we have a manufacturing ice cream business in Lismore. It's running at almost full capacity. The Australian market's actually almost taken it up. So we could double the size of that factory overnight by just one major customer in China. So there isn't a level of overwhelming this around how do we access capital in the short term in the event that that actually takes off. So we haven't taken our eye off the ball on that. But and this gets back to if we need to think about portion size, flavours, styles of product. That brings in the opportunity for new technology and new entry points in the marketplace. So we are certainly communicating with our members and our bankers in the sense that there is plenty of opportunity for investment with the right partner and we're certainly working on a lot of those opportunities. But one of the the challenges and I'm talking predominantly now about ice cream, but one of the challenges that we actually have as a positive in our part of the world, most ice cream in Australia is manufactured between the months of July and January. So a facility in manufacturing ice cream may very well have a spare capacity between February and June, which actually fits with the Northern Hemisphere summer. So there is so to some degree, our productivity can improve dramatically by just accessing a market and a medium size. So something of interest and certainly of value to our business and our members. But one of the pieces that I think the Australian industry and I say this cautiously, I think the Australian industry in agriculture suffers is the rest of the world hears about our volatility in our climatic conditions. They hear about the floods and they hear about the droughts and Dorothy and McKellis said it really, really well. And so one of the challenges that we've actually had in our business is to explain to our customers why our milk price is actually of higher value and therefore they pay a higher ingredient price. But with that comes consistency in supply. We are not a seasonal commodity player. We do not actually necessarily offer our customers a low spring price for a product. We actually go on with a price that is actually at the market rates that we're actually selling and buying from our farmers and knowing for a while that we actually have a consistency of supply right through the year. So we don't have a dramatically in our business, we do not have a dramatic downturn in our milk in the autumn period like other processes. And that's a challenge for us to actually explain that and actually get them to understand it. Certainly once our Asian friends have been to Australia they fully understand the process. And we've had great success in that work with the Japanese market and now the Chinese market. So a geographic spread and how we explain this if you think about milk as far as other side of King Arroy which is in Queensland down to as far as just out of Sydney is around a 1400 kilometre distance of milk. Now it's unusual for that area in size of area to actually have anyone event that is actually significant to either area. For example, the floods I think they had in Queensland some years ago back in 2011, I think it was, they didn't affect our southern supply. So that gives us some de-risking perspective on our milk business which gives us reliability. And we really do think that the whole reliability piece is the key for us in explaining the market. So the challenge then is I've said that we've actually got some great brands, we've got some great interest, we've developed a capacity. Then if you looked at the data that we're showing in Australia is where's the milk going to come from? We know that what's driven some of the changing arrangements from the retail sector in Australia with longer terms is the very fair factor that Australia is actually going to be more focused on exporting and seeking premium markets than actually the domestic market. So we've actually put a lot of energy into our farm sector and the reason for diversity in our business is to protect our farmers from the volatility of milk prices. So if you looked and I should have actually, and I thought about this later, graph would have been great, but our milk price variability in the last five to six years has been no more than three to 4%. And in fact, it's actually been rising. So that's actually driven our farm growth. I think in my view, the industry's changed. If you actually look back in the 90s and early 2000s, if you drop the milk price, you've got more milk. Today, if you drop the milk price, you'll get less milk. It's just the way the farming sector has changed its behavior. We're interested enough, and I call it the lifejacket moment. We've had 13 startups in our business, mostly smaller farms, starting up. But just like I started with 60 cows, milking over 400 cows, you actually grow with your time. So we're actually now putting the lifejacket around these smaller farms, actually trying to help them start their businesses and grow it and grow it with us. So yes, we've had some corporate farms actually show some interest and actually get involved with Norco, but we're also seeing a larger proportion of smaller farms start up and investing in agriculture. And the reason I say, and I usually call them the younger farmers, but some of them were in their 50s, but when you get new farmers and you, even if it's corporate farms, when you get new people into your business, they bring new ideas and they put pressure on the current farmers to actually change their ways. So, and I think that's really important that my caution about our business model and our pricing arrangement is that people get comfortable with it and won't actually change it and therefore become uncompetitive in the longer term. So we really do certainly encourage our farmers to think about increasing their investment on farm, not only from productivities, from a labor perspective, but a genetic, whether that's grass or a cow. And we certainly confident, we have, also I said, we've got 13 farms, we have about another seven or eight farms that are actually in the wings in bringing on milk supply. So we do also, most people think cooperatives are free and easy and you can just come in and start whenever you want. We very much control how much milk we bring into our business to manage our profit levels. So one of the challenges, as I said earlier, was about remaining cost competitive. And so the challenge for us here is in collaboration with Dairy Australia, we were very supportive of the Focus Farm Initiative from Dairy Australia. It was a rebuild of, in my view, what went on a number of years ago, where farmers got together every so often and actually looked at their business and pulled it apart. This is much more a coordinated approach, professional approach, and many of the cynics that we've seen that saw an area thought that it wouldn't work, are certainly very, very focused on it. And I think the farmer that we chose in our part of the world saw a 17% farm improvement, farm improvement productivity, and I think it was about 21% in profit. And at the most recent Field Day in November, he made the comment, I just do it better, which is exactly what it was about doing it with the same resources. And one of the, and so the OSCA bear is an opportunity to actually test our thinking and hopefully get people thinking about the issues. One of the challenges, I think, is how do we redefine the relationships with whether it's Dairy Australia, whether it's Norco the Cooperative, whether it's with the products of suppliers, so that might be a fertilizer company, might be an intertech, might be a verback, it could be anyone that's supplying product into the industry. They all have innovation, they all have opportunity, and they all have opportunity to bring it to the farm sector. How we bring that together and actually work with them to do that is I think is a really interesting way to actually go forward. Doing what we've been doing in the past where we wait for that to come forward I think needs to be really challenged and tested. So that's all about innovation and technology. I think Malcolm Turnbull has done a great job in bringing innovation to the table and putting it at the forefront of Australia. I think that's where if we look at our stagnant growth and we look at the growing volumes of milk in not only New Zealand but Europe, if Australia stands still and allows ourselves to remain or move to a point of uncompetitivist nature, then we really do challenge ourselves in being an export, send as an export player. One of the challenges I said, and I've got a son that's very keen to buy the family farm, push and doubt out, which is all fine, just pay the money. But I think it's about wealth creation. I think how do you create, it's great to see that we've actually got a new increase in flux of kids into universities and doing courses in relation to agriculture. They're the kids that are, in my view, that will actually own their farm. They may not own it when they're 25 to 30, like I did, they may own it when they're 40 to 50, but they are more likely to move to that position and be the farmers of the future. And we've got to encourage them through wealth creation. If we think about the generations that most of us here have come from as farmers, we have come from a very small, humble beginning and actually got reasonable assets as we grow. I think that's what we need to encourage the next generation, the kids that are leaving school and moving to universities. And as we say, we must produce more from less. That's a given and how we do that, I think is a challenge for all of us. One of the pieces is about, that I spend a bit of time talking to our members about is how do we prepare you for that supply of volatility? How do we protect you from the marketplace in the event that there's a calamity or a significant change? And this gets back to the point, I don't see any excuse for us to pick up the phone or send an email to or hop on a plane and go and visit a customer in Japan, China, Asia. Doesn't matter where it is and say, sorry guys, I can't supply you. We've actually had a catastrophe. It doesn't work, it doesn't cut it. We've actually got to have some strong strategies to do that. So how do we do that at Norco? So our geographic spread, as I said earlier, actually is a significant piece to our story. So we support members to invest and grow, so we use the life jacket piece about putting it around it for those young farmers to actually make sure that they can actually grow. But more importantly, we actually have a whole heap of policies that we've put in place with our members to protect them. Now, whether it's around milk pickups when a tanker can't get in due to flood, whether it's about antibody testing and their failed system, whether it's about drought peace, whether it's about a death in the family, we have a whole raft of policies that our member services team know and our directors and our senior management team know that we can draw upon to actually support our farm network at those times of need. And my final slide today is around changing the garden. Just a reflection point for people is that my generation that come through the industry in the 80s, then moved into that cycle of deregulation, the scary thought process, what deregulation is. By the time we got to the mid 90s, we knew what was gonna happen. Then it did happen and chaos hit very, very quickly. And if you look at the Queensland industry, it's been almost halved by it. And that's meant that there's been a changing of relationships, whether it's through the governments through Australia or other providers. We are seen as a different industry and we need to actually grasp that and actually work with it. So that means we need to think about who is going to provide the services that our farm sector want, who is going to stimulate our farm services. In my view, it won't be the government. And it is more likely to be the people that actually work within the sector. I think that's where the responsibility lays. But more importantly, the new generation of people that are actually coming into the agriculture sector, they know nothing about deregulation. It's a story to them. And it's like, oh, dad, don't tell me that. I'm not interested. They're not interested, it's history and we need to move on and they're moving on. And they will bring their new ideas and innovation and technology advances with them. Just fantastic opportunities. And I think my final point for the all us processors, I think we need to find new partnerships, not only with ourselves as processors, but further down the supply chain now. And I keep saying that whether it's industry providers, whether it's our farmers, but we need to challenge ourselves and find new ways to do things. Thank you very much.


Welcome back to the Tracy Johnson show presented by Buffalo Wild Wings. I'm Sam Murray joined now a Stevenson women's ice hockey head coach Tracy Johnson and coach had your first UCHC games Maybe not the game you want it in the opener, but you guys bounce back with the 2-2 tie versus William Smith What are the positives you take away from from that weekend? I think anytime the first game goes Not so well You know you you want to see how the team is going to respond to that and see what character They're made out of and they came back Fighting hard the next day. It can be easy to collapse back into oh, I you know We got beat by this this much why why even you know try the next day But they showed a lot of heart coming back out and and putting it all out there You know coming away with the tie Was hoping that we could have held on to that lead or certainly added to that lead But um, you know we we showed some perseverance for sure Your three goals were all by seniors over the weekend talk about that class and the leadership that they bring for the team They've been a part of this program for a while, huh? they've seen a lot of what this program has gone through in terms of ups and downs and To see them kind of take charge and finally get us on the board this season is a good thing And I'm hoping that's something that continues and only carries over throughout the rest of the year Maybe something you don't want to keep talking about but special teams Kind of was the storyline of the weekend. How do you continue to just work at it and improve? We're gonna have to do a lot of analyzing of the video where the breaks downs where the breakdowns happened Where we're just getting mixed up and confused, you know, this has been kind of the the most we've ever struggled with pk at least and you know, we just can't Can't perform that way and I believe I said that you know the last the last week about our first weekend in games But that trend is continuing so we've got to find a way to to push through that and stop it and and Make sure that when we get out on the ice, we know exactly what we're doing We know exactly what everybody else is doing and then executing it So we're just gonna keep plugging away at that a lot of work on our special teams this week for sure going into the weekend Moving forward, it doesn't get any easier You're on the road two games at Elmira who are currently ranked third in the country the new poll hasn't come out yet What do you have to do as a team to get the results that you want? We've got to be willing to work hard we've got to be willing to be relentless and Be persistent on the ice and just do all the little things right and stay disciplined and work our butts off And that's what's gonna give us a chance and if we decide to take a shift off You know, these teams are gonna capitalize on that So we've seen the speed luckily, you know, we opened up that weekend So we we know what we can expect in terms of what a top three teams gonna look like So I'm hoping that that gives them kind of the confidence going into it knowing that we have seen teams like that and we've been able to compete with them to a certain extent so We're just gonna do a weekend to prepare for this and for another matchup against a really strong team Well coach, we wish you the best of luck and we'll see you back here next week. Thanks so much for coach Tracy Johnson I'm Sam Murray and this has been the Tracy Johnson show