Hi there, this is James Swannick and you're listening to the Alcohol Free Lifestyle podcast where you learn how to take back control over alcohol and live a life of health, wealth, love, and happiness. Janice Wales is from Whitehorse Yukon. She's 42 years old and she's 100 days plus now alcohol free. How are you feeling, Janice? Well, do you know what? I feel just super. Amazing. So tell us about what was life like before you ended up doing 90 days of alcohol freedom with me and my program? What were your drinking habits? What was going on? I was drinking too much. I was drinking when there were things to celebrate and I was drinking when things bummed me out and I was attracting chaos into my life and it all was a bit unmanageable. What was your drink of choice, Jana? Well, I quite liked glass of white wine. I also make rhubarb juice and I did quite like having vodka and rhubarb juice. Rhubarb juice is really healthy and vodka isn't. I thought it kind of offset each other, but now I just have rhubarb juice. You were saying to me yesterday when we were speaking that you identified that you had a traumatic incident happen in your life about four years ago, the death of a friend of yours and you think that that kind of led you down a path of drinking consistently. You want to just share a little bit about that? I think that's true. My dear friend passed away from a nasty form of cancer. She and I had been friends since we were seven years old. We lived two houses away from each other and her passing away was just really hard and also, I think I never said this to you the other day, but also I was going through a divorce and I had a four-year-old son who is now seven, so I guess I had a three-year-old son and I have a full-time job but a not-for-profit. There was no time to properly grieve her and I think maybe I didn't know how or didn't want to and I grew up in a British culture where wakes seem like an appropriate way to deal with death, so just get a little wasted and cry it out, but the wake continued for a long time and I could justify it for quite a while and just this year I realized that I needed to shift something because my life was not how I wanted it to be. And so how did you identify that it was alcohol that was causing your life not to be what you wanted it to be? I feel it was quite obvious. I have a lot of positives in my life and it was quite clear to me that alcohol was a negative. It was probably impacting my career and my friendships and I don't think actually there was any impact on the relationship with my son that's always been a non-negotiable but it was clear. Like I said I tried to justify it for a long time but I think I always knew that that wasn't the way to work through anything. Yeah and so you've reached out to me in my program to get some help and support and some structure. So what was your experience like of that and what happened? Well I guess from the very beginning I just looked at a few different advertisements that were these kind of programs. What I really enjoyed was that your program and it seemed more like a program than a program and it seemed more so than the other ones where positive business entrepreneur focused and completely dismissing the idea of denial or missing out on the pleasure of alcohol. So we would dismiss this idea that alcohol was joyful or pleasurable. So I thought do you know what I'm going to give this a try and if it doesn't work fine. I mean right now it's not working either and if it does work I feel pretty sure that things will be better than they are right now. Yeah great and so how are things better now that you've gone through the 90 days and now you're like on the other end of a hundred days because you got to 90 and you said you're going to keep on going and certainly that's the intention that I have for all the members of the 90 day program which is you don't get to day 90 and celebrate with a drink. You get to day 90 and you celebrate by continuing on on this alcohol free lifestyle. So what have some what have been some of the noticeable changes or feelings or benefits that you feel like you've had from being a hundred days plus alcohol free now. Well one of the tangible viewable things is that periodically I would get all stressed out or whatever and I eat all my fingernails off and I haven't done that for about 70 days. So I think I think that's a good sign. Makes me feel better about my fingers too because chewed up fingernails are so ugly. Okay. But other than that I think I think that's what comes out of shifting shifting how I am in the world. I'm really enjoying the moments as I move through them and I used to even if I was doing something fun I would have my eye either on the next thing or when it would be over or something that was worrying me that had happened or that would happen and now I find that I am experiencing the world more in the moment. I'm enjoying just doing things and part of that is the idea of choosing what you are going to do and choosing what you're not going to do and that's incredibly valuable.  Wonderful. So what I experienced you saying is that you feel a lot more present maybe a lot more have a lot more clarity maybe reduce stress and anxiety less manic behavior which is what you referenced before less chaos I think is what is what you said. That's exactly right. Yeah and who have who has noticed that in your life who said something or you notice them different because of your new way of being. Well people close to me half and people who aren't close to me who I run into in the grocery store or what have you. They say you're looking good these days or it seems like when I walk into a room I am able to boy it up more than I ever have before. Because I do feel just positive and energetic and real so that is all incredibly valuable. And when are you returning to drinking. Not today. Good answer I like that. Do you know what's your intention do you know how long you want to go without alcohol. Well I feel like it's not part of my life anymore. Although one of the bits of wisdom I've gleaned during this is if you say I'm never doing something again then potentially that can set you up for failure. So you know think about now and it's just all my habits and ways thinking have shifted so. I don't see why I would going through all these fun adventures that were all firsts for me like going to a theater show and not having a glass of wine or going to the bar and not having a beer. All of those things felt like I was on safari off on some kind of a weird adventure and all of them were thoroughly enjoyable and cheaper. And I made friends with the drinking people because I buy them drinks sometimes that's way cheaper than putting your own tab you know. And so what would you say to someone who is watching this now and thinking about joining our 90 day program to quit drinking. What was your experience like and what would you say to them. I would say that if they are interested in having a thoroughly enjoyable supported time learning a bit more about themselves then why is the heck not you know that's what I would say. I for me it has been just a magnificent experience and. I don't know everything just keeps getting better so I don't see that trajectory ending I know that you talk about. The master expects the what is it the law the plateau the plateau and. That's OK because the plateaus are just kind of spots in between all the upward trajectories so. It's great Mount Everest is little apparently. I like that I'm going to borrow that I think I like that Mount Everest is little I like that that's good OK. Well congratulations and thank you so much for sharing a little bit about your experience in the program and congratulations on being 100 days plus now. Yeah well thank you James because I mean who knows you may well have saved my life.  So thank you for that. You're so welcome and thanks for playing full out and thanks for being such a fun positive energy in the group as well. I know that you allowed yourself to be coached but most of all by you sharing your experience along the way you were able to coach and support and inspire other people. So it's not just that you know possibly we've inspired you. I know definitively that you have inspired those who've come after you and those who are watching this now. So thank you Jenna. Thank you James. Thanks very much. Thank you so much for listening. I have some free stuff for you. If you go to JamesSwanick.com forward slash guide I will send you my formula for reducing or quitting alcohol. If you'd like to watch the video versions of these episodes then you can watch them at my YouTube channel which is at JamesSwanick. If you'd like to send me a direct message on Instagram you can do so at JamesSwanick if you would like to try a three day challenge a free three day challenge. You can go to JamesSwanick.com forward slash three day challenge. If you would like to try the 30 day no alcohol challenge you can go to 30 day no alcohol challenge. If you would like to schedule a 15 minute exploratory call with one of my coaches to see how we may be able to help you in your alcohol free journey. You can go to JamesSwanick.com forward slash schedule. And my request is if indeed you enjoyed this episode or you have enjoyed the podcast would you please go ahead and rate the show in iTunes. And would you please write a review a review might just be a sentence saying great listen hey this was fantastic I really enjoyed this whenever you give a rating whenever you write a review. It surges our podcast up in the rankings enabling more people to see it and hear it and potentially inspiring someone out there to reduce or quit alcohol and potentially transform their life. So yes while it does help me to get ratings and to get reviews you will actually be directly contributing to helping someone's life by having them discover this podcast. So if you are open to inspiring others and to helping me in the process would you please go ahead and give this episode a ranking and would you please write a review. Thank you so much for listening and I will catch you on the next one.


Hi, so my name is Pavi and I work here at an all-state agency in Vancouver, Washington. Before going through Vlad's training course, I used to do about a 50 to 100 items, 100 items usually on a good month. And then after taking Vlad's training course, I've been able to go up to 184 items in January alone and submit about 16 life policies this month. A lot of issues I was having before is I was getting a lot of objection on, oh, you know, the price is more or they don't want to quote or, you know, just something they've been with the agent for 30 plus years. So first, I was able to learn how to build rapport with the customer. Second, I was able to learn how to sell on the first sale, like make the first call and close it. And then third, I was able to learn on how to overcome their objections.


And we're early sorry about it, but we're early you got a whole bunch of work to do and we're working on this commish So we thought we would To show you guys how we do Ear brushing but first Jeff has this brand new airbrush that He needs to put together and so we're gonna show you guys how to put it To get our music for shading If you're new hi sup We are artists till death That's Jeffrey or Thornton or Jeff or B. He has a lot of AK's And I'm Erica and Boley is somewhere as is Loeweezy aka Kujo We are artists till death. We go live every day usually and it's usually at 6 p.m. usually Central We're early because it's his birthday, so we're still mine All right, so I Got this This is called that I want to eclipse I honestly do not know why it's called all of those things and I've been using this for 27 years I don't know Probably not that long. I don't know I think I was using a Pache And then I went to the eclipse after I started getting a little bit better But so what we're gonna do It comes with the needle in it, but I figured I would just show you guys How to kind of start this so you guys snip the tip snip the tip Normally what what you would think that you would do is put The oil on here. I don't want to put it all the way here because I don't want I Don't want the oil going past Where the paint comes out. I just want it to be right here where it's nice and smooth. There's like a little That called like a bushing It keeps it nice and snug and nice and twit So I'm just gonna put the oil Just right around here and that way messing with it With the paint and the air mixture So and then if you like you can put just a little bit behind this trigger That's if you want not to give it a nice Trigger ride This is what this is is a double action Which means you just push down and the air will just come out and then when you pull back is when the paint comes out Dual action There's this there's a single action, which is just you push down. It's like spray paint push down and The paint and the air will come out all at once. There's no From thin to thick. It's all just it's like spray paint. Like I said, it's not variable. Yeah So and this airbrush came with a quick disconnect. I already put it on this hose It's just right on there perfectly and basically quick disconnect And just to make sure we have no leaks take some Teflon tape You just put it around So the the quick disconnect is only Really for people that are gonna be switching colors and have multiple guns. Yeah, you have multiple airbrushes and don't have multiple Hoses This one came with Which is awesome this way you can hand tighten it and you know that it's good because that Teflon tape really Keeps it nice and snug and airtight Wait, so then you just pull this down Boom, you got air not a lot of air So while we're doing this if you guys have questions on this process this medium Please don't hesitate to ask questions We're happy to answer anything you guys may have Airbrushing with stewardism designs is here and I'll hold each other fam So I had to send you a new tracking label Jeff can vouch I was yelling at our postal company Because they haven't picked it up I have three other airbrushes So the air is kind of being used in three hoses that part sounds louder So we're just using a different house that's the glory of the quick disconnects you can Just switch things around really quickly What air pressure are you going to be using only I use Like I said, this is this is way turned up because it's It has to travel a little farther and there's three hoses on here. So All three I can turn two of those off But as you'll see here in a second Here I guess I'm just used to The one gravity feed Oh, you're using a siphon fed one So he usually uses a gravity feed instead of a siphon fed one I'm not really sure why he's using a siphon. Why are you using a siphon? Because I like This is a this is the airbrush. I started using the beat BCS the other ones are a little bit more detailed This one comes with the number two needle and two poem which is a little bit bigger So it sprays a lot more paint, but it still gives you a really good detail Weird What's the ideal PSI if you're using just one airbrush and not a splitter and all that I guess it depends on this this needs a lot more air pressure Because when you put your paint in and you're using your paint put in the bottle There's a tube that sucks the paint up and out Flex it up spits it out So it needs a lot more pressure to pull that paint out put it nice consistent now with a Gravity feed it's just falling into your airbrush. So you don't need you need like 20 maybe 2025 I think I'm not this thing is I don't know if it's just wonky or it's just We got so much going on It's such long With this normally I would say 45 psi to make it good a Good continuous All right, let me double-check on the sound now hold on I took the Quick disconnect off you see that That is a lot of air pressure Well, you can tell the the air pressure It felt like it right like it was just kind of You know and this this is just a Air filter that's what's on this one too I don't know that was weird Maybe I had it too tight Maybe this was too tight on there and it was blocking the air All right, so you definitely want a little bit more pressure with the siphon fed so I'm gonna go ahead and put the black. I mixed a little bit of transparent black with actual black So I know this is transparent black, but now I know there's a little bit of opaque black in it Which is gonna make it a little darker But this stuff is really good for portraits and shadows to start We'll see these. I'm not a fan of these Because they do fall out easily so I'm gonna make sure that's on tight. There's a little hole here so that If that hole wasn't there you wouldn't be able to get the paint out Normally you could use this too.  There's not gonna know. I don't make a cap for that Yeah, but you can you can use just a little bit of paint Clean it out with the spray gun with it with a bottle sprayer with cleaner and water and Put your next coat in with this one. You have to have different colors of beach you You're not gonna want to pour this out clean this bottle put paint in it. So Oh, no, I was thinking I was thinking Because I just got it today so That might tell you right there I might need more pressure That's a lot of spray it and you in that spider comes out like that too much paint Because you you have the control of how much paint comes out But the air it's there like you don't have any control unless you Turn it down This is just Like you always want to do some kind of warm-up No matter how long you've been airbrushing You just want to get your your hand finger in there Get it that coordination going You know, that's how it's not super super dark. That's that's that transparent black with a little bit of black opaque black in it So you can you can start off Super light just keep adding to it add to it It's not gonna go opaque black like carbon black But if you ever need to get you know that black then you would just get up carbon black and just add a little bit to that To your actual painting it makes a difference But always just do some warm-up some dots Keep your always keep your air on So that you know right when you want that paint to come out If I'm talking too loud because they're for good, I have this thing in my ear and it's because I have this thing in my ear Don't practice downwards like this I would practice up so All right, so I'm just gonna go ahead and jump right into this All right, so I think what we're doing is we're just gonna put a shadow here Normally on our lip pieces when we do All the shadows We normally tape it off mask it off and Cut this part out and Then take the negative part that we cut out and move it down So it gives you a nice clean shadow, but that's if we're doing all the really nice neat true Shadows and highlights in here, but this is just this is kind of a unique piece. He wants a pop party, but not real so I'm just gonna go ahead and give it a nice light shadow And if we don't like it we can always just cut a piece of masking out drop that down and Spray over it and you won't even be able to tell the difference. So Let's just and with this stuff you can really really start live And it might not look like it on your screen, but we can definitely see it And that's a good thing about masking is Mask this off and you could cut out each tooth And what I normally do if I'm doing you know, somebody's smiling real big and there's a lot of teeth I'll cut out each tooth Peel this tooth peel peel this off leave everything else Do a little just a very light Just a hint of color put that tooth back peel this one up Do a little just a little hint and a little hint here Put that tooth back on and then so on and so forth and that way it gives you this really nice true edge To where the teeth meet or maybe if it you know overlaps just a teeny bit Teeth aren't perfect. So and unless the person has you know a gap Then you don't want a heavy black line right there. You just want it to look like they're touching And then you could put your little bit of a shadow here because the tooth kind of It's almost like tapered like it kind of goes in Yeah, it's a little rounded so you can put a little shadow here and a little shadow Which means just a line just a little bit of and practice that just make a bunch of these and just Practice till you get comfortable doing it You know on your own and some teeth have Well pretty much all teeth have just a little shadow too because there's little ridges on your teeth and Your shadow is basically you just you just want to follow Follow the lip because that's what's happening is The light is coming down and it's rounded because of the lips Yeah, and if you're and if you're nervous about About doing your shadow Especially on the lips you can always get your stencil You cover that up so you know you're not going over these have big thick outlines So I'm not worried about that, but if you like you can Get there so you can get it a little darker in the corner and know that you're not spraying on that part there You'll see with this part because this tooth is going to be a little darker in the corner so I tend to make this corner part a little darker this gold is is It's going to be covered up so I I'm just giving it just a little bit because you'll have you'll darken that way more than you need over here You don't want to do that And if you want to hit a little bit heavier here because it will be it will be darker up there And just remember just go with that lip Bring it down a little bit if you want Just always start light You can always get darker This let's see we're gonna and if you if you don't you know have the stuff to mask it off You can always use your hand stencils Actually, we can use this one You guys we have a true art studio every every bit of it's used All right, so you take a straight edge so if you think about it This side of the tooth is going to be a little bit darker because it's It's further back and it's you know You want to get kind of almost a straight but not because You know this tooth is going to start kind of rounding So it doesn't really matter If it starts to round a little bit because that's going to be shadow up there Don't start your shit. Don't start your painting up here. Start it down here and just kind of give it a couple little Things of paint and that right there just separated that tooth from that tooth And then just go just try to hit that line the exact same line So that it just darkens up that little bitty line, let's get a little bit of that edge I'll see you have a little line there. There's a there's a paint stroked. It's right there. So it's that's driving me crazy I'm gonna I'm gonna round off this too. So Let's see you can you can also follow this little guy here So that'll give you a little bit of a shadow as well I'm just gonna just make a nice little shadow right there right on the bottom You just always start light with teeth. You can never go wrong I'm gonna die thinking died in my ear Everything of that I think that's good. You guys hear me, okay? Check one two light source Yeah, I'm not very good at that. So I guess I've just done this for so long. I just know where to put like the light The shadow because I know the light source is most likely coming from this way Because that's all we've ever done. I mean obviously if you want you can have the light come from this way, but I Would just be in a particular portrait And I'm like I'm doing it up there. I just start real light until you can kind of see where Your pain is because that's the thing this transparent color Only gets darker and darker. So you only need just a little bit Especially on this red. It turns this red really nice Even red I'm not gonna get too crazy with this Because we don't want to put a lot of detail. So I'm just gonna go Right on the bottom and this light is terrible for a bunch of over here Well, now I need light Can't win for losing Yeah, and you can always just hit you can like if you're if you're not feeling this and you want it to Be a little darker. Just give you a little just go with a little line.  It's so bright over here like Well, if the lights coming from this way, it's gonna be darker right here I don't know and are we gonna do like the big white? Oh, you actually want to do shadow on there. I Don't care This is gonna break one day in it right now That's been on there for this has been on here for probably Seven eight years and I've been like moving it back and forth and it just now broke off All right P the airbrush holder So I'm I'm really far back I'm gonna be putting a little bit more paint than normal because I want this shadow to be a big wide Just right here Do you want it? The thing is with the shadow like this it doesn't make sense if there's no other body part. I Don't know why like if it's a shadow Then it would probably you know like This would be here, and then it would be like a bigger shadow I don't like this we're gonna paint over this. I don't know how I feel about this already. I Cannot tell you I'm just hitting it a little bit heavier right here on that black line So it kind of makes it sound out a little bit more and trying not to get too much down here I don't want to make it a literal Shadow I just wanted to give it a losing of the shadow. I guess you could say That's good Looks way too dark all of that. I don't know So I'm gonna be stoning the that gold tooth Jeff isn't a fan of the the drop shadow or all the shadow He's not fan of any of the shadow because it's not true to pop art, which is fair, but I'm gonna send him a picture. We'll see if he likes it and then we'll deal with it After I like the idea of a drop shadow everyone in the feed likes it But if you don't like it and the client doesn't like it, then we'll Revaluate He did like the white that you did in the mock-up On the white Jimmy to pull a reference for you went on here or went on there. They've been there you can cover them So he's about to spray some matte finish clear protective spray over the piece On the airbrush because if you just went in with the white It would Yeah, so the airbrush is water-based so it'll smear really easily So he's sealing it in with a clear matte Because if he didn't and he went in with the white paint can it would just turn Greg so pick up No, but we come down So we almost always work from reference Hey, everyone. Thanks for coming in Yeah, Vampas COVID monia. I know it Always over there upset He's not in this chair So we're using Posca pins. They just seem to work the best but this is not sponsored It seals the pain in and it almost gives it just a whole new layer to paint on to where this red wouldn't lead through that science No bleeding I'm gonna put you guys in your holster so that I can go lift the bean up into his Co-pilot chair I'm gonna go up bubble. Okay That's a good boy Say what be Melissa says Amazon has the pens expensive but probably worth it by the time you go through different kinds and they suck So Posca are a little bit more expensive But they definitely worth it particularly If you buy real Posca's and not knockoffs be careful on Amazon there are knockoffs The real ones are written in Yeah So this is a knockoff Posca. It's written in not English, but the real ones are written in English But I mean it's doing fine We bought a whole lot by accident Well, yeah, we thought we were buying Posca's when they turned out to be not scarce Is this the same technique you used? For the Hawaiian piece they they wanted he used a lot of different techniques on the Hawaiian piece a Lerit a different techniques. I think you have everything on that except for alcohol ink Yeah, not because you can you can use it. So next Jeff is going to use a black Posca not stuff to outline our white highlights because That's pop arty Initially we as the artist want to delict and shine it and make it Not pointillistic, but you know The dark the dots do you want the rounded one? It's right. It's there. It's in that cup. It's either in that cup or I put it back in your area It's not laying down. It's either in that cup or in your area Then it's in the holder you have over there. I'm sorry gale Vamps coming back though. She's on a whole bunch of med So he's outlining these because everything essentially in pop art has a thick outline rumple says Love it. Nice touch doing the outline Just makes it all cohesive Great another sale. I got an order and transcend from the Tudor sale. Oh, well, I'll find something to order so We've got a lot of brand new colors from both just resin and Lores and stock and there's a sale the code is Lorez L-E-R-E-Z for 10% off for the next 48 hours I love the black outline on the white. What do you what do y'all think? What are we doing? Yep, this airbrush comes with the airbrush cleaner. This is just unless you have a Cup just dedicated to cleaner you can just Especially with this paint. It's very transparent. So it's you know, it doesn't take a lot to clean out So you can just fill that up Kind of backs out You can mix water with that stuff if you want to kind of Because it's not a lot that comes in there because you definitely want to make sure your brush is clean You're using like an opaque color and take a little bit longer to clean out But this is such a Translucent color doesn't take a lot. Oh gail. Thank you for the tip. She gave you $20 and said you rock. Thank you Was I gonna say I don't know where I'm here on button this but Thank you so much gail really really really appreciate it Sammy had a heart attack. I'm so sorry. I hope you're feeling better So on this piece, I put a little bit of texture in the background I don't even know if you guys can see it or you can see it right there Because it was just a little bit plain Jane So we did that To give the background a little bit more interest The only other thing I'll be doing to this piece is stoning this tooth So y'all we got anything else to do on this piece? Gail said I got those cheap ones too.  This doesn't even have to you. I think I Think he'll like it. I think he has I think he also is into the Close to pop art, but like pop art 2.0 or advanced exploration into pop art By having it more detailed and not just Essentially flat. That's what I think it leaves So I'll send him a picture of this and then We'll see but yeah, I'll be stoning this I'm not gonna do it on a live feed because It's boring and it takes a while anyways Look how great this paint is you can see a reflection all the way down to my skin tone in it Hey enough. Yeah, man will be okay. So the pen that I use for that is Of this a pen touch gold permanent quick drive marker be advised that You're not gonna get all of one of these used before the nib dries out And it's hard to replace the nib because it's a particular size Make sure it's tight when you close it. I could see that you're engaged in that too. Could you? That was the sound of a sparkle. So that's what it sounds like in my head. Anyways, huh? All right, you guys Just gonna say the goodbyes so that Kujo he's already looking at me Well, I'll show you Be look at this Gail says I love everything about this piece. Hey, will you say the bias? Oh, he says We do the test gummit Dead gimmick. I have an awesome day. We will see you guys tomorrow. Maybe it will be Jeff's birthday And so we will be Either early or early tomorrow. It'd be a quick video if we go live All right, here he comes No part All right, you guys have an awesome night, and we'll see you tomorrow. Bye No, but we just think you need to go maybe Somewhere like the peon stuff. Okay. Okay. Let's go


Alright, we're going to talk about the three biggest mistakes people make on keto and these are huge. These are big mistakes, but I'm actually going to double it. I'm going to do three and three. What do I mean by that? Is there's three big mistakes people make in any transformation in health endeavor and then there's three mistakes they make specifically on keto and I think they both apply. Just subscribe below if you want all the updates and we upload the newest videos on keto health, wellness, vitality. Check it out. Let's come join us. So the first one is expectations. People expect their body to respond a certain way quickly because for whatever reason they just think, oh, why is it not working for me? Be patient. It took you 20 years to get here. It's going to take some time to undo it. Elevating your ketone levels or getting healthy in general takes time. Your body's trying to rejuvenate itself. It's trying to survive and live and thrive. It doesn't necessarily care about your pant size. That's irrelevant to the human species as a survival, as a civilization of reproducing and living an abundance of life. So be patient. Expectations will absolutely murder your results, but also have them, meaning go after them, have goals, have desires to go work towards, but then be patient on how quickly it ultimately goes. That's number one. Number two is the comparison game, comparing yourself to somebody else. It's a big mistake it makes in all of life. You're in a different place. Metabolically you need to be built different. My wife and I are different people. If I ate like my wife, I'd be 300 pounds. We're different, so I can't compare my goal and her journey the same. My results, I don't care if it's family members. Our daughter and our son are built differently. They will respond differently metabolically. They cannot eat the same way to get the same results. Guaranteed they're metabolically different. So be careful. Don't just say because your sister didn't, it doesn't work that way. My brother and I are metabolically different. He's pansy, not very strong, just kidding. He's more built for endurance. I'm built for power. We're built differently, so metabolically we're going to get responses.  Get rid of the scale. It is a nightmare. It'll mess you up and it'll put you in a tailspin. The scale is one variable of measurements that will get your results. One. That's it. You can measure body fat. You can measure. The scale doesn't measure your hair. It doesn't measure your skin. It doesn't measure your bone density. It doesn't measure your muscle mass.  Some people go, I lost three pounds and they just rolled it, just peed out three pounds of fluid. It's a variable.  It doesn't measure if you're holding feces and you're not eliminating effectively through your bowels. It doesn't measure those things, but yet you have an emotional tie to it, so let it go. Measure yourself, weigh yourself once a month, and embrace the journey of putting the health plan together to get results and keto is a great tool for that. But these are the three biggest mistakes people make on keto itself specifically. The number one biggest mistake people do on keto is they're not drinking ketones. They're trying to do the diet perfect. The ketogenic diet is a well-formulated diet. It takes six months through a year to really master that diet, and anybody that tells you that you can do it faster didn't master it yet because the diet is about a continuous process. To get major health goal long-term results, you've got to be on it consistently for a long period of time. It's not something you just do for a weekend or a month or a year and there.  So it is got awfully, awful hard diet to do. So drink your ketones every day. Get ketones in your system so that you can then figure out your diet through the journey. So we can teach people way faster because you already have the ketones elevated. So that's the number one biggest mistake people make is they're not drinking ketones with it. And anybody that wants to come after me on that one, let's go. Let's help very few people over 15 years or help millions of people over five years change their life. The math doesn't make sense. Yes, 15 years I helped 2,000 people live better through teaching low-car keto-friendly, keto-style lifestyle. And then in five years, by just having them drink ketones first, millions of people's lives have changed. It's a simple answer. That is the number one biggest mistake what people are doing trying to do keto because most likely you won't take the diet longer than a year anyway. You're going to revert back to some modification and lose the elevation of ketones, which is the key to the ketones themselves. The second biggest mistake people make on ketones and ketosis is that they don't understand the ratios, the carb-fat protein ratio. And everybody's going to be a little different. The original ketone diet was very, very high, high fat, low, low protein and almost no carbs at all. But then we have these ratios down below. Everybody's going to fall into those lines differently. So when you're looking at formulating your own diet, it's a trial and error to figure out where you're at. Some people start on the high end, high fat first, and then they slowly will increase their protein over time, keeping the carbs low, which I think is a really good way of doing that. The challenge is that if you don't metabolize fat very well, it can be really hard on your body to try to break down the fat consumption, gallbladder and everything else may not be very, very successful on that. Of course, the other rules, the first three rules apply, the last biggest mistake people make on keto is they don't stay hydrated properly. Sodium, sodium, sodium, but electrolytes in general are all very important. So the amount of sodium or salt that you add to your, and the amount of electrolytes you have to add can be, seem to be a lot. Maybe 5,000 to 7,000 milligrams of sodium and that's a lot of salt. Remember, salt isn't all sodium. There's a lot of other parts of salt. So you may need to consume a lot more salty or things, the salty broths to maintaining the vitality.  So it's got to be about formulation. So those are really the secrets and the keys of the biggest mistakes people make, but it's easy. Solve the problem. Come follow us, come follow the keto pro and we'll take you through a journey, help you find your way. And you probably won't ever have to go to any one of the extremes and get great results, long-lasting results and feel better than ever. And that's why we do what we do. We want to help millions of people change their lives, but teach them how to live their life within a diet plan or a nutritional plan that's suitable for you that's not like anybody else. And the only way to do that is to get into ketosis first using our drink. Second thing is, is to find a lifestyle that you're willing to follow long-term that might be low-carb variables, or it might be full-blown keto, or it might not be at all if you're a high-level athlete. We might keep carbs as a big part of your diet. We'll figure it out as we go, y'all. Cheers. Hey, thanks for watching the video. Just subscribe below if you want all the updates and we upload the newest videos on keto health, wellness, vitality. Check it out. Come join us.


Alright, the last topic we're going to take a look at in this lecture is going to be that of force convection over non-circular cylinders. So what is a non-circular cylinder? Well, it's a cylindrical object that it does not have round cross-section, it can have other cross-sections. So cross-section could be a square, it could be a hexagon, or a simple flat plate, it could be another example of a non-circular cylinder. And essentially what we mean is that there are long objects that have cross-section, be it square, hexagon, flat plate, triangular, it could be another one. But really what this turns out to be is for any of these different shapes, we again have a correlation for a new cell number that we can determine the convective heat transfer coefficient from. And the equation that we use is identical to the one that we saw for the circular cylinder that we looked at earlier where we had C Reynolds number based on diameter and Prandtl number evaluated at the film temperature raised to the power one-third. So what you'll notice here is we have C and I forgot something, I forgot the N. We have the power, Reynolds number raised to the power of N and so values of C and N, these depend on Reynolds number, well first of all they depend on the shape and the Reynolds number. So depending upon the book that you're using you'll find tables that will have non-circular cylinders and they'll have different values of C and N. Just be careful to make sure that you're pulling the values at the right Reynolds number and then from that you get C, you get N and embedded within the new cell number we have the convective heat transfer coefficient because remember HD over K and if we're evaluating at the film temperature it'd be that. So what we're going to do now, let's take a look at what some of the fluid mechanics looks like with these different objects and so what we have here are a set of videos starting with a circular cylinder and there you can see the C in the N. For this one the Reynolds number was around 550 so it's on the lower end. This is the flat plate, a very interesting flow dynamics downstream, massive separation and consequently the C and N values vary from the front to the back. There we see a square, a square rotated at 45 degrees. You get a very much different flow pattern downstream, very strong oscillations. There we see a hex and the specific C and N for the hex and then the hex rotated at a different angle and you can see again a very different dynamic flow pattern downstream. So the main thing here just watching these different flow visualizations you can see the flow over these different bodies is very very different. It depends upon orientation we can see by examining for instance the cube when it's aligned one way or rotated very very different dynamics downstream and consequently the C and N values will change which is what people would determine from experiments and again the main thing be careful about the Reynolds number that you're applying these correlations to. If you're pulling values out of a book make sure that the Reynolds numbers that you're using are the correct Reynolds numbers. So anyways interesting flow viz that is non-circular cylinders. The last shape that we're going to cover in this lecture are spheres and again there are different correlations that exist for spheres. I'm going to give you one and this one applies for Reynolds number based on diameter that goes from 17 up to 70,000. So again be careful to make sure that it applies over the range and for this one turns out that the properties are being evaluated at the film temperature which we saw earlier T film was T infinity plus T wall divided by 2. And so anyways that's a correlation that exists for a sphere and you can see it's similar to what we saw earlier for the non-circular cylinders but there are other correlations that exist. The main thing with any of this pull out the right equation and make sure that you're evaluating properties at the right temperatures because these are experimental correlations and we have to apply them using the same conditions that the people have collected the data did in the first place. So just be a little careful of that when you're solving problems and heat transfer and with that that will conclude this lecture where we're looking at flow over external flow over bodies. What we'll be doing in the next segment or in the next lecture I should say is we're going to be looking at flow over multiple cylinders and we refer to these as two banks if you recall at the beginning we talked about cross flow heat exchangers and so that's what we're going to be moving into looking at the fluid mechanics and the convective heat transfer for those types of configurations.


The next item of business is a members business debate on motion 5050 in the name of Bruce Crawford on sterling university's 50th anniversary. The debate will be concluded without any questions being put. Can I ask those members who wish to speak in the debate to press the request to speak buttons now? I call on Bruce Crawford to open the debate. Mr Crawford. First of all, done traditionally, can I thank members from all parties who signed the motion and those who are here this evening, particularly those who are alumni who I know who some of them may be speaking this evening as well from sterling university. I am delighted to welcome also Jerry McCormack, who is the principal at sterling university this evening to the public gallery. He leads that organisation with a plomb and distinction that he has done so since 2010, Jerry. On 18 September 1967, the doors to the university was sterling opened for the very first time, admitting 195 students, 164 graduates and 31 post-graduates. It was the first genuinely new university in Scotland for 400 years. With the royal charter signed in November 1967 and the great seal of Scotland applied the following month, sterling's own university grew to become a global player in educational excellence. I am delighted to lead this debate this evening, highlighting the significant history and achievements of this wonderful institution. The debate also gives us the opportunity to consider the massive contribution that the university makes to education, culture and research. The university is a truly beautiful campus, offering a fantastic base to visit one of the world's most inspiring and vibrant countries. The university is currently investing an additional £40 million to enhance student residencies. The first-ever principal at the university was Professor Tom Cottrell, who also happened to be the co-founder of the university as well as the co-founder of the McRobert Arts Centre in sterling, which, like the university, is a thriving institution that continues to inspire to this day. Professor Cottrell's background was in chemistry—a subject that he was Professor of at Edinburgh University—before coming heavily involved in the formation of the University of sterling. I can think of no more fitting and origin story than when it helped to describe the University of sterling today than that of a chemistry professor turned founding university principal who dedicated himself to promoting the arts. It is a story that truly sums up the diversity of subjects that are taught on campus, as well as the knowledge that is built on and inspires new generations of students. Of course, since opening 50 years ago, the University of sterling has grown and expanded to offer an increasing number of opportunities to its students. For instance, the university's contribution to sport is almost unrivaled. Names Scotland's University of Sporting Excellence offers a number of world-class health sciences and sporting courses. The recent and perhaps most notable achievement in sport for the university has come from the continuing success of the swimming team. At last year's Olympics in Rio, the university was Scotland's best performer with the swimming team taking home three silver medals. Sterling swimmers Duncan Scott and Robbie Renwick were part of a GP squad who sealed Olympic silver in the four-by-200 freestyle relay. The team achieved the best result in 108 years, setting a new UK record. Duncan Scott went on himself to smash the UK record in the 100-metre freestyle. However, as you might imagine, a university as diverse as sterling has tallied up an impressive number of achievements across a large number of subject fields. Sterling's University in Institute of Aquaculture opened in 1991, and to this day is the largest institution of its kind anywhere in the world. The university's innovation part first opened in 1986 and continues to provide a hub for enterprise and business that is involved directly in research and development and benefits from EU funding. The Irish Murdoch building, opened by Dame Judy Dench in 2002, is today home to the world-leading dementia services development centre, an incredibly important focal point for an ageing population with an increasing number of people and families who are facing such a debilitating condition. Following £11.5 million investment, the university opened its new state-of-the-art library in 2011, giving students access to more than learning resources and ensuring that all students have the tools that they need to succeed in their chosen courses. Today, the University of Sterling is ranked first in Scotland and third in the whole of the UK for graduate employment. Earlier this year, it was named in the top 50 universities in the world under the age of 50. Three quarters of all the research conducted by the university was ranked world-leading in the research excellence framework that was carried out in 2014. The international student barometer placed Sterling's University first in Scotland for welcoming students from around the world. In the latest university guide from the Guardian, the marvelous institution was ranked first in criminology, education, media and film, as well as social policy and ranked second for sociology. It shows you that this university has a quite remarkable track record. I wish that this debate provided more time to talk about the university's achievements because there is much more to say. There are more than 82,000 alumni of the University of Sterling consisting of 169 nationalities. Many of them have gone on to serve as distinction in many fields. Today, 14,000 students currently attend the university with 20 per cent of those coming from overseas. With the 1,500 staff included, there are over 120 different nationalities that are represented on campus today. In its relatively short 50 years, the University of Sterling has grown to become an institution that offers education and life experience opportunities to thousands of people from all walks of life around the globe. When preparing for this debate today, I asked the staff at the University of Sterling to sum up their ethos and what the university is about. They responded to me with this. Sterling's staff, students and alumni challenged the status quo and made significant difference to society. We are driven by transformative thinking, innovative action and the desire to use our knowledge and skills to help to shape the world in a positive way. I think that I will just leave the last words to them, because they are both powerful and meaningful. I congratulate Bruce Crawford on securing this debate, and I suspect that the University of Sterling wants to bottle his speech that could make it at the heart of its marketing strategy, because it has summed up all the many fantastic attributes that the University has. Of course, I should also say warm congratulations to the University of Sterling on its 50th anniversary, and I speak as one of the 82,000 alumni. I want to give a few personal insights to my alma mater as I proceed over the next two or three minutes, because the person who stands before you, of course, was shaped by my time at the University of Sterling largely, and it has certainly enriched me as a person. It was the first time that I had left home to live elsewhere, and, of course, I was also the first person in my family to go to university. I had never met anyone in my family who had never gone to university. It was a big move for me, and it was an enriching experience, and, of course, it has shaped my outlook in life. I have many fond memories of my time at the University. First and foremost, as Bruce Crawford mentioned, the outstanding location and the beautiful surroundings at the University, which is the first thing that strikes you when you go to the campus. It adds to the learning experience as your time as a young person at the University. I spent many a time lying in the grass staring at the stars. I am not quite sure if the stars were induced by the alcohol that I consumed at the Gannaghey or the Meadow Park hotel, but it was just an amazing environment to walk through every night to go back to your halls of residence. Of course, the education that takes place there in terms of tutorials and your degree is exceptionally important, but it is all part of the wider education that you receive when you go to university of Stirling or, indeed, any university in terms of the other cultures that you encounter. Stirling is a very international university, as Bruce Crawford mentioned. The Japanese contingent who was there when I was there, there were many Norwegians, and, of course, a huge contingent from Northern Ireland. I got to meet people from all those countries and that opened your eyes to what is out there in the big world and all the diverse cultures. In terms of education itself, clearly there are some specialisms that have been developed at university over time. When I was Cabinet Secretary for nine years in the Scottish Government, I was responsible for aquaculture, among many of my other responsibilities, and the University of Stirling is, of course, a foremost centre of knowledge on aquaculture, which is very appropriate for that to be in Scotland, given that we are the biggest aquaculture producer in the whole of Europe. I recall visiting university as Cabinet Secretary and discussing some of the key issues with the staff there. Indeed, I think that there is a plaque that I unveiled in the pathway building, so hopefully it is still there as well. The University of Stirling has certainly made its mark in terms of aquaculture and many other disciplines as well. There is not enough time to go through them all here. Bruce Crawford mentioned many of them also. I think that it is important that, as the University of Stirling told Bruce Crawford, the University does challenge the status quo. It has reputation for doing that, and I hope that it keeps up that reputation. I noticed that there was an article in the news just in the last couple of days where Professor Linda Bald, director of the Institute for Social Marketing at the University of Stirling and a cancer research UK cancer prevention champion talked about the need for limits on junk food. For instance, junk food promotion is a way of combating cancer, which is something that I certainly support. It is good to see the academics of the University of Stirling speaking on those sometimes controversial issues and pushing the boundaries of the debate and impacting on public policy. I know the principles in the gallery today, and I welcome him to the gallery. I hope that he takes away that message that is really important to the academics and that the University continues to challenge the status quo. Finally, I just want to talk about the fact that my sense of national identity was also strengthened at my time at university because of course the University of Stirling is steeped in history, and Stirling itself is steeped in history, and it is in the shadow of the Wallace monument. I have got a bannock burn close by at the same time, and I was a young member of the SNP while I was at the University of Stirling, and I started off the politics society at the university, and it also helped to run the Federation of Student Nationalists while at the University of Stirling as well. Dr Robert McIntyre lived in Stirling at the time, the late Dr Robert McIntyre, who was the SNP's first MP elected in the by-election in 1945, and I got to know him when I was at Stirling, so that had certainly enriched my knowledge of Scottish political history and the SNP's legacy as well. He invited me back to his home and his wife served me with sandwiches and coffee, while he told me about his time in the House of Commons as the SNP's first MP back in 1945. I will always remember that experience and never forget it. I congratulate the university on its 50th anniversary, and I wish it all the best for the next 50 years as well. I continue to make your mark on Scottish education. I continue to ensure that people of all abilities go to university, and that is a strength of university, and that was one reason why I was able to go to the University of Stirling as well. Here is the next 50 years. I congratulate Bruce Crawford on bringing this member's debate to us this evening. In 2017, the University of Stirling will mark its 50 years since its foundation, and, as you have heard already this evening, it now has more than 14,000 students and has 1,500 staff, a huge employer and a huge contribution to the economy in Stirling. To celebrate its past, its present and its future, there are many events planned throughout 2017, with public lectures, exhibitions, family fund days, reunions and much much more. I welcome those events because it gives the opportunity for the university to engage with the community and gives individuals the chance to celebrate the successes and the anniversary. On 17 July 1964, it was announced that Stirling would be the site of the new university, falling on from the Robinson report in 1963, which highlighted proposals for a new university in Scotland. In June 1965, the first appointment for the principal and vice chancellor took place. Precisely 50 years ago this month, the new pathway building welcomed its first intake with, in 1968, Stirling University confer degrees on its first cohorts of students. Since 1968, when Stirling University celebrated, a small number of alumni took part in a graduation ceremony, and now we have heard that there are over 80,000 individuals from 169 different countries. One of those highly notable graduates is our own clerk and chief executive of the Scottish Parliament, Sir Paul Gries. He has been honoured, as you know, for his services to this Parliament and to higher education and to Scotland as the community. Indeed, Stirling University's alumni are regarded across the world. An example of that is to take place in October, where, as part of the anniversary, celebrations will be held in the British High Commissioner's residence in Singapore, hosted by the High Commissioner and the principal vice chancellor of the university, will be present. I would like to take this opportunity not only to congratulate Stirling University on its anniversary, and relatively short but illustrious history, but to look at some of the outstanding achievements that it has gained throughout the time. In 1977, the university launched its unique masters degree in pallidive nursing care, in conjunction with Marie Curie Cancer Care, a fantastic achievement. In 2009-10, the Sunday Times recognised the outstanding student experience that was recorded at the university and the quality of teaching that was experienced. In 2014, the framework of its research was recognised and the university reached into the top 40 and was fifth in Scotland for that. As we have already heard, it is well ranked in the UK for employability. In 2016, the management school programme gained the accreditation of the Association of Master and Business Administration. Lots have been achieved over the 50 years that we have seen. However, to conclude, it has already been talked about how the sporting activities that take place at Stirling University and, as Bruce has already indicated in his speech, in 2016 the Rio Olympics saw three members receive three silver medals. A student won a gold for the tennis in the Paralympics as well. As I said, I congratulate all who have contributed to the support of the university and I wish them well for their prospects for the future. It is located in a fantastic site and has the fantastic opportunity of fitting into that part of Scotland in the very centre. I look forward to attending many of the celebrations and will support all that I can to ensure that the university is given the recognition and respect that it deserves. I am delighted to take part in this evening's debate on celebrating Stirling University's 50th anniversary. I would like to thank Bruce Crawford for his motion enabling the debate to go forward. It is a pleasure to recognise the growth of Stirling University. In 1967, it was the first university in Scotland for more than 400 years and one that offers a unique campus experience in Scotland. It is a beautiful university to visit. It is situated within a 330-acre estate and is designed around a lock and the 18th century earthy castle. I was fortunate enough to spend a week there at a conference when I was a postgraduate student and it is fair to say that I spent more time in the social areas than I did enjoying the natural landscape. However, as one of the MSPs for the area, it is always a pleasure to visit the campus throughout the seasons and admire its location. It has won many awards and merits for its campus environment. The establishment of Stirling University was part of an expansion in higher education across the UK during the 1960s. At the time, the country faced an increasingly young population. The number of full-time students in higher education doubled throughout the 1960s. There were rising expectations of better qualified school leaders who had stayed at school longer and a growing belief that investment in higher education was a means of procuring national prosperity. All that saw a number of new universities established. While they were created to cope with an increase in student numbers, they were also seen as a way of injecting some fresh thinking into the university system. Those universities played a significant part in expanding opportunities for more people to go to university, often the first person in their family to have access to that level of education. Stirling has always been an outward-looking, innovative university. Perhaps not weighted with the expectations or traditions of the ancient universities, it was free to create a modern identity, one that valued its students, was open to working with others and sought to make a difference. Always high-related for the student experience, and I note that a number of MSPs are graduates, alumni include John Reed, now Baron Reed of Cargown, who described his time as a Stirling student. He said, "...you have a vital community with critical thought, mental rigor and an environment second to none. Just walk around the place. Why would you want to go to any other university in the world?" It is also more than a university. The location of the Macroberts Arts Centre is hugely advantageous to the university and students, as well as a huge benefit for the area. The expansion in recent years in sports facilities, with the designation of Stirling as Scotland's university for sporting excellence, provides excellent opportunities to competitive athletes as well as students. The openness of the university to the local community is important to its identity and it is one of its real strengths. Stirling University also has a good track record in working with many partners locally and internationally. They have a breadth of researchers who produce excellent work with external organisations in the private, the public and the voluntary sector. Just last week, I went to the parliamentary discussion of the Good Life in later years report. This is a research project carried out by community research teams of older people supported by the University of Stirling and Age Scotland and was funded by the Life Changes Trust. It is a really good example of the type of research undertaken by Stirling, which makes an important contribution to the public policy agenda. Stirling is one of the United Kingdom's leading research universities in the fields of health and wellbeing, the environment and people, culture and society, enterprise in the economy and sport. I want to wish Stirling University all the students, some of whom are just starting out on their academic journey this week, and all the staff who work on the campus the very best on this special university, one that recognises a real landmark in the university's life. I wish them many successful years ahead. I thank Bruce Crawford for bringing forward this motion for debate and hearty congratulations to Jerry and all the university staff. Everybody has contributed to the success of Stirling University over the last 50 years. I will also declare an interest as an alumnus of Stirling University. I was there at the same time as Richard Lockhead. In fact, he maybe does not remember, but we were engaged in a poster war at that time between SNP and the Greens. Maybe he does not notice me, he was ripping down his posters, I do not know. There was a strong tradition of politics at Stirling, and of course former First Minister, Jack McConnell, was a student president at Stirling as well. When I went on to become a councillor, I had the pleasure of having the campus in my council ward as well. Over the years that I have met and worked with many generations of people who have studied and worked at Stirling University, I met some of the original students from 67 right through to today's students that will be starting back this week. I think that there are many common experiences that we all have of being at Stirling University. One that Richard has already mentioned is that the campus is a really inspiring environment to work and study. There is something quite intense about having hundreds, if not thousands, of young people in a campus, but that is counterposed beautifully by the nature of the environment and the calmness of Erthryloch, the hermitage woods. I think that despite the fact that we have seen many expansions to the campus, very welcomed expansions over the years, including the building of the national tennis centre, it has always managed to keep the integrity of its natural environment and keep that balance, which I think is really important. There are still really important features of the campus that echo back to the original Erthry estate, which has been retained. I think that that is a great tribute to the way that universities, estates and management departments have managed to expand it over time. I think that the other common experience that we have is just the diversity of Stirling University. It was the first time that I had been to a university meeting so many people from different backgrounds and different places. Like Richard, I was the first person in my family to go to university. I think that that is really true to the vision of Robins from 63, that the new universities were about ability and attainment, not about background. Perhaps because of that, Stirling has always attracted a little bit of a radical strain of politics and activism right the way through from the 1960s to the present day. I can remember my own time at Stirling, getting involved in campus campaigns, issues from dropping third world debt to recycling and the greens and everything else. I probably shaved a grade off my final degree as a result, but what I gained in terms of experience was hugely important. It is that well-rounded nature of your experience at university, which is so important. That international nature of the university, the diversity of the students there has only grown over time. It is a triumph to see 120 nationalities now represented studying and working on the campus. Of course, the university has won awards for that as being the most welcoming university in Scotland for international students. I think that there is an important point here about Brexit that we need to see free movement of students across the world, those 120 nationalities, to come to Stirling, to study and to stay and also to contribute to those wider communities. I think that if we look at the successful places around the world, if we look at the flotilla of small cities that exist around the world—places such as Tübingen, for example, in Germany—cities that are low-carbon, innovative, outward-looking, smart and economically incredibly successful, the reasons why they are successful is because they have strong links to strong universities. I do think in concluding, Presiding Officer, that there is a real opportunity for Stirling University to play a central role in Stirling and Clackmannish's city deal, perhaps even more of a central role in that deal going forward. Driving innovation and excellence, but in a way that also addresses some of the sharp inequalities that exist in the surrounding communities in Stirling. I think that that would be a great legacy that is true to Robin's original vision of inclusion and the founding principles that we saw of Stirling 50 years ago. I thank Bruce Crawford for bringing that motion to the chamber today and for giving us the opportunity to celebrate the University of Stirling's 50th anniversary. I also extend my warm welcome to Principal McCormack. As Bruce Crawford and others have mentioned, only a handful of students were enrolled when the university first opened its doors in September 1967. Since then, it has grown in size and reputation to become a centre of excellence in academic research and innovation and for producing graduates that are sought after by employers of all sizes and in all sectors and locations. Indeed, the quality of education provided by the university is clearly demonstrated by the remarkable success of its graduates. In addition to the notable alumni that so many mentioned today that others have quite rightly highlighted, the university is ranked first in Scotland and third in the UK for graduate employability, with 97 per cent of graduates being in employment or further study this year. Quite a remarkable endorsement of the quality of teaching and education provided by the university. The university, however, rightly prides itself in its ability to combine this excellence in training with excellence in research and innovation. In particular, the university has an outstanding track record for research and innovation in several specialist areas, including the fields of aquaculture, as has been mentioned, dementia and the environment, to name but a few. In the area of aquaculture, as we have heard, the university is home to the Institute of Aquaculture, a leading international centre in this field and the largest of its kind in the world. With a community of 350 highly skilled staff as students from around the world, the institute brings world-class researchers from a variety of disciplines to focus on some critical questions facing not just this country but the world today—how to support communities in developing countries so that they have enough to eat, how to develop strategies for sustainable aquaculture and aquatic food security. I am sure that you will agree with some really important questions that are being addressed by the institute and the university. Since its formation, the institute has grown steadily. Yes, indeed. Bruce Crawford Thank you, Dean Lockhart. Let me make a quick intervention. It allows me to write on a mission that I should have made at the beginning and thank you for doing that. I should have mentioned, of course, that the university is not actually in my constituency, it is in the constituency of my good friend Keith Brown MSP, who is also here this evening, and I should have made that point at the beginning. I thank you very much for allowing me to intervene to make sure that I have that on the record. You are now back in the cabinet secretary's good books. Mr Lockhart. Life's… Thank you very much, Mr Crawford. I welcome Mr Brown to this debate as well. I was highlighting the global engagement and international reach of the university, and I think that that plays out across a lot of different areas and features of what the university does. The global reach is shown by the fact that it has international students from over 120 countries represented on campus, with more than 82,000 alumni from 150 different countries. That is only set to continue after this week's fresher week, and I am sure that we can all remember the first time that we attended university or another institution and the warm welcome that occasions like freshers week or similar can enjoy. The university's international ambitions are also reflected in strategic international partnerships to promote excellence and innovation and teaching with global impact. There are partnerships throughout the world, including with institutions in the USA, Australia, Canada and the Far East, through the study abroad programme. The university also offers undergraduate degrees to students in Singapore through a partnership with the Singapore Institute of Management. I have personally met students who attend the SIM and speak very highly of the courses offered through that joint partnership. As Scottish Higher Education continues to provide a world-class offering, I would encourage the university to continue to reach out globally and attract even further and greater numbers of international students to study in Stirling to get to know the fantastic campus, the city and the countryside surrounding the university. Let me wrap up again by thanking Bruce Crawford for bringing this debate to the chamber and I would like to wish the university all the best as it enters another 50 years. I thank Bruce Crawford for bringing this motion to the chamber, allowing us to reflect on the many achievements of Stirling University. I also welcome Principal Jeremy Cormack to the public gallery today. Bruce Crawford and other members have rightly pointed to the beautiful campus setting and an absolutely stunning setting. It is quite a unique university in many aspects, but the campus life is very special. Clare Baker pointed out the very important role of the McBob within the campus. It is not just very important to the university but also to the local community, tying the university and the local community together in a very important way. However, the growth of the university has been absolutely incredible, as other members have pointed out, to go from under 200 students in 1967 to just short of 12,000 in 2015-16 is incredible. We all only have to consider the contribution of its alumni to understand the impact of the university has had on Scotland and further afield. As well as those mentioned within Bruce Crawford's original motion, we have Ian Banks and Jackie Kay, two of our most well-regarded literary figures in the field of science and innovation, Muffy Calder. Of course, in the political world, the University of Stirling can count ministers, cabinet secretaries and even former First Ministers amongst its graduates. Of course, we can also point to many MSPs in the chamber who are alumni. Richard Lockhead has pointed out his experiences within the campus, both as a student and as a minister. I think that there will be many ministers that will attend different visits to the university campus attesting to the wide range of specialisms that the university has within the campus, whether that is aquaculture or dementia, two of which have been mentioned. I can only hope to reach the dizzy heights of a plaque in the path foot building, however, which is an impressive feat for Mr Lockhead. Mark Ruskell has pointed to poster wars. We can forget that for our days, all in student politics. I am intrigued to know between Mark Ruskell and Richard Lockhead who won poster wars. I think that it may have been Mr Lockhead. On a more serious point, Mark Ruskell pointed out the diversity within the university, which is exceptionally important. The different backgrounds that we come together in, whether it is people who have never been to university before or the different nationalities that we have, 120 nationalities within the university, is something that that institution can be very proud of. The internationalism that our higher education institutions have is something that makes them one of the most respected institutions across the globe. That is, as Mark Ruskell has pointed out, unfortunately under threat from Brexit, as we see a drop in the EU applications coming forward from students, and of course the lack of a post-study work visa for international students as well. Both of those would help this university and others to increase their international standing. The role of the universities has never been more important. As the First Minister said, when it is reducing the programme for government, we want Scotland to be the best place in the world to bring up children, the best place to grow up and be educated to live, work, visit and invest. Ensuring that we have a highly educated and skilled population, able to meet the needs of a rapidly changing economy, is vital for our future prosperity and for our wellbeing. That is why improving education is this Government's number one priority. Sterling's contribution to that is absolutely marked. It has an impressive record on widening access and will continue to do so. I was delighted to see the appointment of a new director of admissions and access to oversee the projects that the university has. Further embracing, as many people have already spoken about in the chamber today, the ability for universities to attract the first of a family to come to such an institution. That is something that I am sure will grow and grow. The links to the colleges are also exceptionally important. Sterling University can be exceptionally proud of. Its links with Forth Valley College and its full articulation is something that has highly impressed me on my ministerial visits. I was recently at Forth Valley College campus in Sterling, where members of the university were talking about the learner journey, working hand in hand with employers and colleges to ensure that they are delivering for students in the local area and further afield. I am delighted to see that commitment coming from both the college and the university within Forth Valley. Of course, the recent HESA stats have shown that the university continues to be very successful in terms of employment outcomes for graduates. Clearly, they are getting something very right in terms of the quality, the relevance and the modernity of its teaching and its research. Bruce Crawford also pointed rightly to the university's sporting excellence. It designated, of course, as the University of Sporting Excellence in 2008. It is clear that whether studying or participating sport is very much at the heart of the university's admission. At this point, I suppose, as alumni of the University of Sterling, I would have to admit that my first visit to the sports area within the university was on a ministerial visit. I managed, within my two years at Sterling University, not to visit the sports centre at all. I would like to claim that I was in the library most of that time, Presiding Officer, but perhaps in the student union specialising in the student politics of my party's youth wing. Nevertheless, I am delighted to see that the sporting excellence of the university is marked, whether I went or not. Many contributions have pointed to the number of awards and recognition that the university of Sterling has. It is a strong performance in the university rankings, whether it is the Times Higher Education and World University rankings or the Sunday Times Good University guide 2017. No doubt, due to its fantastic record within teaching research excellence. As someone who studied at the University of Sterling for two years myself and had a very happy two years as a postgraduate student there, I know that the other colleagues who are in the chamber today who have also studied or indeed worked within the university are confident that the institution will build on the history that we are celebrating today. I am sure that we will be back in the chamber in years to come to celebrate further success. Thank you very much.


Good evening everyone. Our topic is enhance privacy ID in hyperledger efficient knowledge proof comparison and implementation focused on skills signature and test case stars. We are researching the information security rep of Professor Lee Myung-ri at Sungcheon University from South Korea. I'm Gyeongjin-la, a Ph.D. student. I will announce first part one, two, three part. Tim Kim is a Ph.D. student also. He is going to present second part four, five, six part. Okay. First, we are talking about introduction. On the internet, centers and this first communicate, communicate, secure through user and message authentication. Authentication server issues tokens to arbitrate users to access data. But traditional methods were centralized. It has a single point of parallel. Since then distributed and federated methods have issued. However, users don't want their identity information spread at internet. In addition, it is difficult for users to control or verify their information. So, decentralized ledgers such as blockchain provides public validate data and credibility via tamper resistance. So, let's think about it. For example, user at least wants to use the service. So, the service provider request at least two qualification. But we are curious. One is if this is just others authentication or at least need to over the age 18. So, this is situation at least should some sensitive information such as social security number or actual addresses where someone collects user information through public networks and blockchain ledgers. So, we need to consider two things. One is the set range of information delivered through cryptography method. At the same time, it prevents that participants profile from at least information. So, the other is the information provider issues at least credential for unconnect at least identity capability. So, in other words, the information is stored outside blockchain and is recorded only peer-to-peer secure connection values. On the left side, the XSTAT 509 system use the same and literally public key signature. So, user tracking is possible. On the right side, the identity mixer of the hyperrature in the project unconnects user identity key by issuing different transactions certificates for each person over the user relying party. However, it preserves autonomy through a single credential package. So, each DID is associated with a method and a DID method specifies the rules for how a DID is registered, verified, updated and revoked on that network. As you know, attribute-based credentials that is our form of authentication mechanism that allows to flexibly and authenticate different attributes about entity without revealing additional information about the entity. Serial knowledge proof allows to create logical operation in the form of true workforce proof. The user creates proofs by mixing secret and public values known only one. So, the validator verifies that it matches the received message without secreting through isomorphism. So, we take a look at ZK Snacks, also known as CL Signature and Zcash, which are popular in INDI and DID project. Actually, the symbol of general knowledge proof in the blockchain is not just security. The message of the blockchain must confirm three things. First, does the data exist in the blockchain? Second, is the owner of the data correct? That is, do you have a private key? Finally, is the data not duplicated? In this case, general knowledge proof provides a simple verification system by keeping the credential value secret. Therefore, it has scalability. So, blockchain and general knowledge proofs are a very good combination. Existing transaction records are converted to proof. The size is reduced and verification time is reduced too. So, our contribution is as follows. First, we propose a DID system with enhanced privacy. Like hyper-indic project is suppressed members' identification and the secure connection of the transaction certificate. Second, we implementation representative general knowledge proof, sales execution and ZK Snacks. Because the traditional INDI project considers only CL Signature, so our ZK Snacks application is a new challenge. Finally, we comparative analyze performed in various simulations, we're going to change this in the number of users and validator. So, DID communicates with the following three objects. You look at the left picture, users are the original owners of attribute information. We can call this object our holder. Issue is a credential issues that guarantees user information or credential to an institution or company. Brass validators are reliant parties, usually service provider. In this case, the issue provides the secure connection value that the actual information called the credential. User stores their credentials and submit them in multiple bundles. In this case, selective information exposure and general knowledge proof are used. Therefore, DID is unique identification address pointing to a credential. For example, Alice corresponding DID123 column ABC document contains actual information. You can see that Alice ID ABC name Alice, public ID 001, time and signature and so on. It is not uploaded to the blockchain and is stored in the form of general knowledge proof. The receiver bar verifies the credential and is submitted by a blockchain. So, if the prover has to repeatedly respond to Alice's challenge without revealing his general knowledge and Jetkin Snacks generates a challenging polynomial through preset streams so that bar validator can communicate and verify only one round. Except for the secret value of the prover, the rest are public values. Change the following polynomial to perform gate operation through an arithmetic circuit. First step is a parameter setup based on elliptic carbocryptography. This computation gives the prover and valid pile the same function. But this value is destroyed after setting. And then it transforms the polynomial into a function form. Then it is broken down into a single calculation that is black code and arithmetic circuit steps. And then it is to adjust the form of Charmille's secret calculation so that it is divided by 0. Finally, the validator efficient 3 validates whether it is divided by 0. In other words, otherwise, your signature binds and tribute to a single validation method through pairing the isomeric computations. The issuer issues the user credentials by these two signature multiple clamps with their private key. So, next step is Taeyong Kim. We'll make the next announcement. Thank you. Hello, my name is Taeyong Kim. I start the presentation. First, I will describe objects. The user is an information provider. At the same time, this is the subject of requesting the issuance of credentials.  Route CA is the time-level object, and this manages ICA. ICA is divided into registers and issuance, and each role is registered and issued. Failure is the service provider, and this belifies the user's credentials and provides provides services. The overall system flow is shown in the following figure. It is objects include user, registration server, issue server, and service provider. The flowchart steps consist of a total of three steps. The first step is registration and token issuance. User registers themselves and requests a token to issue an anonymous certificate. The second step is to issue an anonymous certificate. The user sends the token to the issuing server after that, the issuing server verifies the token, and then if it is a valid token, it issues an anonymous certificate to the user. The final step is the credential verification step. The user sends an anonymous certificate to the verifier, and then the verifier verifies the failures required for generalized proof. If who is a legitimated user, service provider provides services. This is page implementation class diagram. As shown in the figure below, there are Route CA, ICA, User TF, and PayFire. User runs this project using TF. Route CA registers ID and password of all participants. ICA issues participants' key pairs, tokens, and anonymous certificates. Chain code offers two methods, JKSnacks and CLSignature. The following is the configuration of the development system environment for this project. Route CA, ICA, and TF were implemented using Google Cloud. Hyperletter fabric samples used further 1.4. Hyperletter fabric samples were used because they are each to develop. And we developed it by modifying fears, odors, and channels. Other than that, the specifications are as follows. Next, this page is the description of the function. This project consists of 12 steps. It provides function from user registration to anonymous certificate verification function. Here is the implementation result. This project implemented the app in the form of a website. First, this is step of the logoing screen using the wallet. Second, when a user logs in, the anonymous certificate issued by the user is as follows. And the user who receives it stores it in their wallet. It includes various transactions, such as transaction ID, channel ID, token value, and flow page value. Next, verifier needs to trace the transaction to verify the anonymous certificate. Verifier used token values to track transactions. The following is an anonymous certificate using shell signature. The contents are as follows. The transaction ID, channel ID, and timestamp are the same. It consists of X, Y, and Z values that can be disclosed. Also, anonymous certificates using shell signature are tracked using the Q value. Next, I will explain the efficiency analysis. This project uses JKSNUX and shell signature for JKP. In addition, the verifier is fixed to one first, and the comparison is made when the number of users gradually increases. The following was compared when the number of verifiers and users gradually increases. When the number of users increases by one and the number of users increases by one. The average delay time of shell signature is short and loss put is high. Still, JKSNUX are more efficient when the number of users increases. When there are many users, shell signature is generally slightly faster than JKSNUX. However, as the numbers of verifiers and users increase, JKSNUX are faster than shell signature. When the numbers of users and verifiers increase by one, the generation time of JKSNUX and shell signature are shown. In addition, the maximum delay time, minimum average delay time, and loss put results are also shown in figures. As shown in figures, if the number of users increases, the average latency of JKSNUX and shell signature to scratch and loss put increases. Similarly, latency and loss put are the same as JKSNUX. With the first user accessing the blockchain network source, the application resulting in relatively high latency and low loss put. However, it can be seen that the number of verifiers increases, average delay time, and loss put decrease. Also, when the number of users is small, the average delay time of shell signature is short, and the loss put is high. However, and the number of users increases, it can be seen that JKSNUX are more efficient. Comparison and comparison and analysis of JKSNUX and shell signature confirm that the average delay time is increased and loss put increases as the number of users increases. Also, it was confirmed that average delay time increases and loss put decreases as the number of verifiers increases. By contrast, according to differential research analysis of JKSNUX and shell signature, when the number of user increases and the verifier is fixed to 1, the average delay time of shell signature is short, and loss put is high. Also, when the number of users increases by 1 and the number of users increases by 1, the average delay time of shell signature is short, and loss put is high. JKSNUX is more efficient when the number of users increases, when there are many users, shell signature is generally sliced faster than JKSNUX. However, as the numbers of verifiers and users increase JKSNUX is faster than shell signature. If more than 4 verifiers exist, some fears will be down. In other words, if more than 4 fears are operating the hyperlinked fabric network, it cannot be processed and will be down. In the future, a protocol with enhanced spec-spec security will be developed by applying it to a concrete environment. Continuous research to improve the speed of change Kp and blockchain performance is required. This is I have prepared for you today. Thank you for your time. Thank you. Thank you. Any questions? Thank you. If you have any questions, please contact us by email. We will write your, write what we are our email address in the chat box. If you have any questions, let me know any email.