I'm Steve Nunn, president and CEO of the Open Group. Welcome to Toolkit Tuesday, where we highlight the various components and leading experts of the Architects Toolkit, a collated portfolio of the most pertinent technology standards for enterprise architects. During the series, I'll be calling on a number of recognized experts who will bring their particular insights on how to most effectively use the various tools in the Architects Toolkit. We'll have a mix of interviews, panel sessions, and pre-recorded presentations along the way. While all standards of the Open Group are designed so they can be adopted independently of one another, the greatest value for an organization can be derived when they're used in unison, that some of the parts should be greater than the whole. In the Architects Toolkit, we have collated a portfolio of the most pertinent ones for architects together, all in one place. For most of these tools, certification from the Open Group is also available, so practitioners can demonstrate that they have the skills required, and recruiters can take the guesswork out of the recruitment process, all backed up by our Open Badges program. So, unlike in the Alanis Morissette song in which she describes various things as ironic where none of them actually asked, sorry Alanis, rain on your wedding day isn't irony. I am finding plenty of irony in the fact that Gen AI, which can generate new content for us as humans, thereby saving us all the effort, has in fact created a whole load of new viewpoints, documents, and look what I made with AI type posts from humans. Even worse, this saving of that effort has in practice increased the amount of reading and or filtering the effort I'm putting in as a human to all of this newly generated Gen AI and humans talking about Gen AI output. So, what architecturally? Well, we're generating material we won't consume ever. That's poor process design and a business architecture concern. And just like that aforementioned song, we as humans often don't share a common understanding of something. If we place that into an AI model, that is information architecture concern. And now, I've created even more content without Gen AI, about Gen AI, that has generated more work for us. Isn't that ironic? Don't you think? Thank you Paul. Welcome everybody to Toolkit Tuesday. Great thought provoking minute there from Paul Holman of IBM. Those of you who are regulars on Toolkit Tuesday will be familiar with Paul's face and his thoughts. And a great one there to have us all thinking. So, thank you very much, Paul. And thank you all for joining us wherever you are in the world. It's great to have you with us. We love the fact that you take time out of your day and some of you may be actually listening to a recording of this, which is great too. Whatever is convenient for you, but we'd love to be able to share the content that we have here at Toolkit Tuesday with you all. So, for those of you who are joining us live, just one housekeeping item. If you have a question for today's speaker, or speakers, we do have a second speaker joining us later in the session, then do please ask those through the Q&A channel rather than the chat channel. The Q&A channel you can find in the... If you click on the three dots in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen, that'll give you the chance to click on Q&A and please ask questions there. But please do use the chat channel for communicating with other attendees here at the event. And in particular, please do share where you're joining us from today. Where in the world are you joining us from? Our speakers today are joining us from India, so it's a very different time zone where they are than where I am here in California, but we tend to span a lot of time zones and a lot of geographies. So, let us know where you are. We'd love to hear that. Without further ado, we'll move to today's main event. And to set a little context, we'll hear a bit more about them later, and the open group has an awards presentation each year for the last couple of years. In fact, we've done several now. I lose track, but very high quality submissions. And my colleague, Palab Sahar, would tell us more about that later. But one of the key submissions this year is from India Railways, which is a very large organization, the largest civil employer in India. And it's an organization which we'll hear about, has really adopted an enterprise architecture approach and boundaryless information flow. Our vision here at the open group is very relevant to it. So, to tell us more about the Pravar API Gateway here at Indian Railways, we're joined today by Mr. Sharath Mathur, who is the general manager for the Centre for Railway Information Systems. And he is an IT specialist with extensive experience of working in railway logistics and the manufacturing sector, skilled in enterprise architecture, IT strategy, business process improvement, and IT and supply chain management. So, a warm welcome to Toolkit Tuesday, please, for Mr. Sharath Mathur. Over to you, sir. Thank you very much for that kind introduction.  Good morning, good afternoon, good evening. Without much ado, I will just share my screen. I would like to tell you about our enterprise architecture effort. And in particular, our API Gateway that we call Pravar. Pravar means flow in Hindi. And we call it Pravar because it provides us with the means to have boundary-less information flow across our large organization as well as the ecosystem in which the Indian Railways is embedded. As had been mentioned, Indian Railways is a large organization. It is one of the largest railways in the world. 68,000 kilometres route length, which is quite large. 7,300 stations. We run many passenger trains. We run a large number of freight trains too. We are a mixed railway. We have many rail vehicles, locomotives, passenger coaches, and freight wagons. We carry a lot of passenger traffic. Typically, before pre-COVID, the year before COVID, we carried almost 8,500 million passengers. That means individual passenger journeys, which was, as you can see, even more than the population of the whole planet. So this was people who travel regularly by train, and many of them travel every day of their lives on the Indian Railway system. We carry about 1,500 million tonnes of freight also. And our annual revenue is approximately 2.2 million rupees, which translates into around 27.5 billion USD. And it is approximately the size a little bit more than what BNSF Railway in the United States is. So it is approximately that size. We are a very manpower intensive operation. So we have almost 1.2 million employees. So it's a large organisation in all respects. As I had mentioned, so there is a large number of operations also. I mean, it is a vertically integrated, horizontally integrated enterprise right now, because apart from the service element, the passenger services and the freight services, and managing passenger and freight terminals, that is the passenger stations, and freight loading and unloading facilities. Then we also run the trains, the core train operations. As I said, it's a mixed train operation. So freight and passenger both share the same tracks, and therefore the operation is a little complex, because they are passenger trains which are run to a schedule, and there are freight trains which run when there are paths available to them. There is fixed infrastructure to manage. Rolling stock refers to the rail vehicles. And at the bottom, as you can see human resources, the financial part, and all the materials that are required to make it run. So there are a large number of interrelated operations to make this whole elephant dance, so to say. So why did we go in for an enterprise architecture? The reason was that our IT environment, our IT landscape had become very complex. It was difficult to ensure that interrelated operations, interrelated processes were properly automated, and it was almost impossible to manage without information systems in place, because of the increasing traffic and the room for any, the cushion to run the system was becoming less. And so we had come up with a very large number of IT applications, and the purpose of this whole enterprise architecture exercise was to align the IT with the business priorities. So therefore the process, which is the standard process we followed, we followed the TOGAP standard. India has developed its own India Enterprise Architecture framework, which is based on TOGAP, extends the TOGAP framework with reference models, which are related to integration, to security, to performance. So it is an extended TOGAP standard, but the process, the architecture development method is similar. So we did our best to tailor the architecture to our needs, and then to follow the ADM standards, the steps, so that we had a very cohesive and coordinated approach to developing our enterprise architecture. We are still on the way. We have completed some part of it. We are still on the way to completing the rest of the enterprise architecture effort, and as we all know, it is a never-ending story. It never ends. You have to manage and govern the architecture. So to align IT with business priorities, and then of course to envision our future requirements, create the target state, ascertain the current state of the enterprise, and identify gaps in information systems, and then to ensure that we get a practical realization, we create a set of work packages to move from this standard state to the target state, and the work packages we inject into our existing project management system. That has been our endeavor in this effort. So if you look at the priorities that Indian Railways has today, there are around five drivers. So there are five drivers that we have identified, growth and sustainability, safer and more secure travel, participation in the national logistics and travel ecosystem. This has emerged recently as one of the very, very critical needs of the railways to be able to participate in the ecosystems so that especially the logistics ecosystem, because bringing down the cost of logistics is about the aim of the government because it brings in efficiencies into all processes, improves the way you function, and of course a better customer experience and efficient operations. So now I am just going to concentrate on the participation in national logistics and travel ecosystems. That was one of the drivers of this whole effort. And now we are partnering, increasingly we find that there has to be boundary less information flow across organizational boundaries. And so we have started to overtly engage our partner organizations and our partner organizations are customers, as you can see here on this screen, you can see some of what goes for our partners. They are aggregators, surface transporters, warehouses, companies who are managing warehouses on the trackside. Terminals, we also allow private and other organizations to own wagons. And these partners are all, now we want to serve them through information systems and interchanging information with them where they don't have to put in any effort on their side. Their IT systems can talk to our IT system. That is the same in the partner space. The partner space, I mean passenger travel. So transporters like airlines, bus services, metro systems, hospitality industry, travel facilitators, online travel porters, travel agents, and of course government tourism ministry, health ministry, security agencies. With all of these we increasingly have a tie up for interchange of information. And we had envisaged that this would be part of our enabling infrastructure for our enterprise architecture when we want to realize the architecture that we reach. So this was an enabling system that we wanted to set up, put in place so that when our architecture got developed to a certain extent and we were ready for interchanging information with our partner organizations, we would have the means to do so. And we wouldn't start at that time. So we built our API management system and API gateway to ensure that we were able to meet that need. So we have put in Prava. Prava is an API gateway and management system. Benefits for Indian railways, seamless flow of information with our partners. So for us it is beneficial. And transactions are secure. We know who is logging into or who is transacting with our systems. We can manage transaction volumes. This was a problem. What used to happen was when we were ticketing. Then at that time there were some peak times at peak times our systems used to get bogged down because there was so many transactions and at lean times they were idling. So once you put an API gateway in place, you can control the transactions that are moving to the back end. So we use that extensively for rate limiting and throttling.  We are able to offer standardized APIs for our partners and the partners can consume them. And we also increasingly are mobile apps. We decouple the front end from the back end by putting the transactions running them through the API gateway. Partners of course benefit. They get easy to understand API logic. The user interface is decoupled from the back end. They can make their own front ends if they so desire. Their IT systems can connect to our IT systems. And slowly a third party develop ecosystem will also emerge. We are expecting that to happen soon as soon as we move a little bit down the down this line. So how does it work? Indian Railways, Chris, that is the Center for Railway Information Systems, which is us the IT arms of IT arm of the Indian Railways. We have our back end systems and we publish APIs through our API management system. Our partners can come through IoT devices. They can have apps. They can have web applications. They can have mobile apps. And all of them can connect to the API management system. So it is a controlled environment in which the information flows. Our benefit is that we offer our services. And our customers can selectively select the services that they want to access. And then by consuming those particular APIs, they can access the services. We started in August 21. And by now we are running about 13 million API calls per month. This has been the level of transactions for the last few months, around 12 to 13 million. Now, this month we have also added a couple of more front end applications. We what we call a 139 service. We have a single telephone number. So there is a 139 service on that 139 service. Now we also have a mobile app. We also have web applications coming in. So that recently we have connected and that has gone live a couple of days back. So with that, perhaps the number of API calls will increase even more. And as you can see, 141 published APIs are being accessed. Government of India has a citizen portal mobile app that allows them to access all different government of India services. So that Oomang app is also integrated. The good part was through the API gateway we could do it in less than a month.  There are powerful catalysts for ensuring boundary less information flow across ecosystems like we are trying to create in India, the logistics and travel ecosystems. It encourages API providers and consumers to collaborate. Customers get rich customer experiences and new digital channels come up. Internal external for data sharing, enabling mobile applications, perhaps even monetizing the information and data. We haven't started doing that. But at some point of time, perhaps we will be able to use those opportunities. And the API management system provides us the setup to manage APIs and ensure that we keep improving our services since we can measure what we are offering. Thank you very much. That is how we are managing and that is how our API system is running right now. I'd like to thank you all very much for taking the patience for listening to me. Thank you. Charlotte, thank you very much indeed. That's an awful lot of work described in a small number of minutes. So great summary. Thank you. I've got a question or two for you, which I'll ask shortly. I mentioned at the introduction to this session today that this was in the context. We were doing this in the context of the Open Group India awards which are coming up. So just to say a few words about those, I'd like to introduce or reintroduce to many of you my colleague, Dr. Palab Sirhaus, the general manager for India for the Open Group. And he is a Mayorty NEGD Senior Lead Expert in Enterprise Architecture and Visiting Professor of Digital Architecture at the Indian Institute of Management. And he advises various ministries and states on matters pertaining to government-wide architecture initiatives. So welcome back, Palab. Please tell us a little more about the awards. Steve, good day to all of you. And first of all, I'd like to thank Sharath for taking us briefly, taking us through this wonderful journey of a very large and complex organization, Indian Railways, and how it forms backbone for the country, right? So that's very important from an architecture point of view. Now, as Steve was alluding to, this is, I would say, this project was one of the nominations that we received in the India Awards 2022. So we have an annual award which is called the Open Group India Awards for Innovation and Excellence, where we encourage organizations to use open standards and open source, right? And as you saw in this presentation today, this is based on the adoption of India Enterprise Architecture Framework, which is based on TOGAF. Today, Sharath did not show, but I'm aware of this project for a fairly long period of time, and Indian Railways can also be classified as a power user of Archimate, one of our other standards. And you will see the wonderful Archimate models they use to manage the entire specification, the entire blueprint, if you will, and all the models that they create. So the India Awards is something that we run every year. This year, the award ceremony is scheduled on 27th of July, 5 p.m. India time. It is going to be an online ceremony. And we do have multiple categories for the India Awards. And the most important one, of course, comes in terms of the number of nominations we receive pertains to enterprise architecture. So that's one of the categories. The other categories we have is IT for IT, which focuses on IT planning and management. Then we have a category covering cybersecurity, supply chain security, trusted provider standards, which aligns to the OTTPS. Then we have another one for zero trust architecture. Then we have a category covering for the energy industry, which is the open source software data platform. Finally, this year we have introduced a new category, which is women enterprise architects. We would like to encourage women architects. And I know that in the industry, we don't have too many women architects. So one of our endeavor in this 2023 edition of the award is to identify and honor organizations who have put together programs to nurture and groom women architects. So in a nutshell, what I'd like to do is invite all of you to watch the, you know, the award ceremony and see who the winners are because all of the winners will tell you how they have adopted our standards in improving and bringing transformation in their respective organizations. So look forward to your participation and over to you, Steve. Thank you very much, Pat. That's a great, great summary. I'm looking forward to seeing some of the, well, seeing the award ceremony, but hearing more in detail about some of the awards. I know there's been quite a review going on so far. And last year, I remember being, being really quite struck by some of the great, the great ways in which our standards were being used to really make a difference across all sorts of industries and expect the same again here. And obviously today we heard an example of that in Indian Railways. So if I can switch back to, to use a question, when you, that's come in here, when you obviously put a gateway in to so much, gateways could potentially be a restrictor for the flow of information rather than an enabler. So have you found, have you ever found that, that the capacity isn't there, for example, or has this overall just, just helped you? You did mention throttling and et cetera and cloud based activities. So has it been, has it ever been an impediment rather than an enabler? Well, this, this question haunts us continuously. Because, you know, if the enabler becomes an impediment, then you are in real trouble. So, well, so far it hasn't, we were, it was a little difficult to size this gateway. But so far, after going through a number of cycles, we decided upon a figure of 1000 transactions per second. And so far we have not hit that. However, there are a couple of caveats because some of our very high value, I mean, high transaction, you know, interactions where the transactions are very picky. For example, for our ticketing, when tickets open, we have a 180 day window for tickets. So in some very popular trains during holidays, there's a certain spike in ticketing. So for those transactions, actually we have not brought them on to the, only that one or two transactions, we have not brought them on to the API gateway. Although now we are screwing up the courage to do that. But we feel that perhaps we'll be able to manage those also. However, we have made the scalable so that in case there is a, we find the restriction that we can quickly scale up. We can buy additional licenses very quickly under the same agreement and then scale it up. So, so far, we are just hoping that we can do it in a planned way. So far, so good, great, great. And the second and last question I'll ask you. It's almost the flip side of that coin in the sense of security, obviously with such a valuable gateway and such a lot of information resting behind it. Has that been, has that been an issue or can you speak to some of the general approach to security that you've taken in connection with the gateway? Well, of course, that is a very pertinent question because these API gateways and management systems are magnets for all types of malicious code.  Because they know that all the transactions are going if they compromise the gateway, then then they have a large number of back ends under their control. What we have done is that we have tried to be as careful as possible during the installation and implementation process. So what we so only are public facing part of the gateway where the request land, those are in our DMZ in our demilitarized zone. But the key manager, the actual proper gateway part, the actually the gateway manager part, all that is in the militarized zone so that it is kept secure. And we have our security team constantly doing security reviews and ensuring but there is another thing that can that happens here is that the transactions that go through this. We have to always keep talking to the back end system, system administrators and their developers to ensure that their transactions are inherently secure. Otherwise, with the best security on the gateway, if the transactions if the back end systems are poorly written, then malicious software can even then get through. So you have to be a little careful. Of course, of course, and I do have we are we are out of time but I do have a couple of questions that just come in that you may or may not be able to answer and don't feel pressure to if it's inappropriate. But one is what is your API gateway software and the other is do you have the liberty to share what database management system you're using. Yes, I mean, we are API management system is based on WSO2 and at the back end we are using a standard RDBMS. So, and we have installed it right now on our own setup in our own we have a private cloud so we have installed it in the private cloud. But we are looking for ways to migrate it to the public cloud at some point of time. Great. Thank you for taking those and thank you for coming here and sharing today and and for your words about the awards as well palp so a big thank you please to share my tour and Dr palp Sahar. Thank you. Thank you. That is it for today's topic but please join us in two weeks time. Which is Tuesday, July the 11th where we will have a presentation on something that's dear to my heart and probably many of you the benefits of the TOGF standard from Rita Sundari and Samuel Bandaru of architects so please join us in two weeks time at Toolkit Tuesday. Meanwhile, wherever you are in the world, please keep safe and well and thank you for your time today. I'm Steve Nunn. This was Toolkit Tuesday.


Good evening. I want to start by asking you one question. Would you like to know a way for your company to save a hundred million dollars a year? Right? Today I'd like to introduce you to a new word that can help your company to save a hundred million dollars a year. That is the word co-operation, which is a combination of co-operation and competition. A few months ago, I read a report published by PWC saying that the port of Auckland has a transportation hub with a capacity utilization rate of only 20%. And the port of Toronto has a similar transportation hub next to it with a capacity utilization rate of only 55%. Therefore, we have the two hubs that are very close to each other and have a low utilization rate. My question is, why don't they just build only one transportation hub? Lots of money can be saved. Some people will say no, they can't because they are competitors. This does not sound right to me. For example, Apple and Samsung, they are competitors in the smartphone market, but Apple still buys LCD screen from Samsung. They still work together. It is called the co-operation strategy, which means that two companies, they can cooperate and compete with one another at the same time. My research objective is to find out potential areas for the two posts to work together to reduce transport costs. For example, they can share the transportation hub to prevent duplicate investment, or they can cooperate on empty container movements to reduce cost and emissions. To achieve my research objective, I will first interview Key Manager in the two posts and then build a mathematical model to quantify the benefits of co-operation. Then why is this research important and related to you? Posts are important links in the transport system. Transport costs account for 6% of New Zealand's GDP, and currently our transport costs are the highest among 21 OECD countries. By helping the two posts work together, we can reduce transport costs by 1% only. How much money can be saved? A hundred million dollars a year. We could use that money to build another Auckland hospital or buy a hundred houses. I believe my thesis can show how to save a hundred million dollars by moving from competition to co-operation. Thank you.


A lot of users regularly complain about Windows 10 slowdowns and lags. If you are also one of them and your Windows computer is running slow, it will make your overall Windows experience quite annoying, but worry not. In this video, we will show you how to fix slowrunning Windows 10 or other Windows OS and speed up its performance. The best way to make your PC run faster is to use a utility tool like Advanced System Optimizer. The best PC optimization software to easily clean junk files, stamp files, duplicates, obsolete data, optimized registry, and memory to enhance overall PC speed. Go to the Cystrix website and download and install Advanced System Optimizer on your Windows computer. You can also use the link mentioned in the description box below. Once launched, click on Smart PC Care on the left pan. From here, you can perform different operations in one single click. And then click on Start Scan. It will take some time to detect all problems, wait for the process to get complete. Then click on Finish. After a comprehensive scan, the tool first informs about issues such as unwanted data clogging up, disk space, fragments on the hard drive registry issues, signs of any spyware or malware, and many others. And then it facilitates you to get rid of these issues with one click. Manual ways to speed up your computer. Turn off unwanted programs. Press Windows plus Shift plus ESC to open the Task Manager. Click on the Startup tab, select the application that you think is unwanted or the one that you don't use regularly, and hit the disable button at the bottom right. Performing Disk Cleanup. A simple disk cleanup which includes defragmenting disk drivers and cleaning up disks can help speed up your slow PC. Type Disk Cleanup in the Windows search bar and click open from the right hand pan. Select the drive that you want to click. Against the drive, you will also find how much space can be freed. Checkmark all the items that you want to delete and click on OK. Clear temporary files. To free up space on the system to get rid of lag on the PC, you can choose to delete temporary files. Press Windows plus R to open the Run prompt. Type in %temp% and press Enter. Now select all the temporary files and then hit the delete button to delete them from your computer. Hope these fixes will help you to fix computer lagging and freezing issues. If you found this video helpful, don't forget to like, share and subscribe.


Alright, what's up everyone? So in this video, I'm going to talk about something that people have seen me using in previous videos But I haven't actually told anyone what it is. It's up for when they ask But I haven't mentioned it in the video and that is you may have seen me when I'm grappling in when I'm searching for some config file or script that I want to modify sometimes I'll run this command S E and you'll see all this stuff Pop up on my screen and I will type something in one of these script names in and I will get to one of my scripts And I can edit that and a lot of people have asked me what exactly this is long story short the Important program that I'm running here is fuzzy finder or fzf, which is pretty much for all the distributions out there You can probably just install it. It's very simple very small By itself, you know, you might think that it comes out of the box as sort of a file searcher It's really closer. If you watch my channel, you probably know about D menu It's really closer to D menu except for on the terminal and I do use it for a couple things including this S E Now what what S E actually is I should probably tell you is You know, I have a scripts folder where I keep all of my scripts But the thing is I have so many of these I have no idea. Let's see how many I have I honestly don't know But I have so many scripts over a hundred that I started sorting them into subfolders So and I just add these I add all the subfolders to scripts to my path And the thing about that is it's very convenient. It makes things less messy, but sometimes I forget where a script is So I have this nice little fuzzy finder command that gives me, you know Really all of them make, you know out in the middle of note or out in front of me so I can access them But anyway, what what exactly is this script now by default if you just run fuzzy finder? Let's actually run it as an example. Let's go to my um, I don't know my documents folder If you just run fuzzy finder by itself It's just going to give you a list of all of the folders or all of the the files that are in the directory You're in and you can select one and what that does it doesn't open it It doesn't do anything fancy to it. It just prints its name to standard output now that of course is the greatest thing You could possibly do because it means you can easily write scripts that make use of this Nice and simple and of course you can also pipe standard input into fuzzy finder and do whatever you want now This is actually what I have in the SE Function that I created this is all it is so let's actually run this manually so we know exactly what it's doing so I du I du a both the scripts and configs folder and by default that's going to print it's going to print all of those files out with you know How big they are we don't want how big they are so we can just say we can just say Ock to To print only the second element because we don't want this first element up here Which is the file directory size so that'll give you all of you know the files in these directories And what we do with that is that we just pipe that into fuzzy finder So pipe those in the fuzzy finder then we can select one of them And if you'll see what this does is once we pipe that in the fuzzy finder that fuzzy finder pipes it into XRs Which allows you to basically read standard input and create a command with it specifically what I do here is I Open the file with an editor. So I let's do let's actually just do this. So we'll say XRs Can't type it the R is for if it receives no input it doesn't run the command That's what just an XR command, but if we say editor, so let's say Q and DL something like that Okay, so now this is open in my editor, which in this case is Vim so everything is working nice And that's all that this that's all that this command is notice I have a couple other ones for doing some other things like for example VF You know if I'm in some folder and I press VF that just takes only the files that are directly in this directory And then I can select one to open in Vim or something like that So they're pretty useful. You can check out fuzzy finders site for some more examples But we might as well. Let's go ahead and write one ourselves So I'm gonna go to I don't know. Let's see where am I gonna go? I'm gonna go to my downloads directory and I have a couple files in here nothing too sensitive So we can play around with it. Um, so let's say we want to create a Well here's what I'm thinking so if you know my setup You know that I keep this nice handy bookmark directories file That I actually generate bash aliases from you know an alias, you know The thing on the left is an alias to the thing on the right And I also pipe these to some scripts if I want to you know If I want to use my important directories for something like for example what I want to do here Let's say I want to use fuzzy finder to take this file And I want to create a function that you can just run a function. Let's call it M Run M on one of these files and it gives me a fuzzy finder menu Where I can select where which one of these directories I want to move it to that's a that's You know, let's say what we want So how can we do that now first off? So this file we of course only want the second element here so we can say awk To to print this the second element which of course is in this case is the um, you know Are the directories here and of course since this is a Christian channel? I don't need you seeing all my meme folders, so I'm gonna grep those out So I'm gonna say grep v and I'm gonna say memes because I actually have a lot of these But you know, I don't need these for the alias, so I'm gonna get rid of those So if I just run that just to be clear it's printing out it's gonna print out all of the directories of course that aren't memes Pretty simple so I can give this the fuzzy finder and that'll give me you know a list that I can select from So now how do I want to you know? Let's say I want to finish my script, you know, let's say I want to copy a file there How what exactly what I do well, I can do I can do it a couple ways I could do it with XRs again, but let's actually just say Well, actually I should probably go ahead and Create the already open. I should probably go ahead and create the alias here. So I'm gonna take this I'm gonna copy it and I'm gonna start. Let's you know, it's called it's called the function just see just for simplicity sake and Basically what we're gonna be doing is we're gonna copy. I'm gonna have it visual and I'm gonna copy whatever Um file we give it Just say the first argument where we'll make it extra simple here and we'll copy it to whatever Directory I select with fuzzy finder. Now. I think that should work We're doing it. We're doing it Real time guys. So let's see. So let's say copy and then I think I had a PDF here So we'll say copy that to home Oh, yeah, there's one more thing. Oh, yeah, one thing about fuzzy finder It's good I ran into this mistake is I don't think that It has some problems with like tilde. So it's good to convert tilde into like what it actually stands for So it doesn't actually know that it's home. So what we want to do here is we want to convert We'll use a said command and we'll convert a tilde Oops, that's not a tilde. We'll convert all tildas into home Okay, so notice a couple things I've done here if you're not a said pro Well, actually, I should probably run this and make sure it works so I can make sure that I'm a said pro Okay, so what was it see so we're running on Fisher and then we'll just have it go to home Okay, that worked and I'll explain that in just one second. Okay, so there it is So what I did here if you don't know what I did here Usually when people are using said they use slashes To you know differentiate the arguments and stuff like that. You can't actually use pretty much any character You might not know this everyone pretty much uses slashes. The reason I use You know the little pipe here is because I know that actually I should probably just remove remove my head I know that this home variable since it is like basically a directory location It's gonna have slashes in it and those slashes are gonna interfere, you know if the said command is looking at slashes So that's why I use these you know pipes here So really it's just replacing the tilde with whatever home is so it moves to the right location even though Fuzzy finder might not be as great. I don't know if it's a fuzzy finder problem or something else But yeah, so anyway, that's what we want. So I can do that again. Let's say let's see what else we have in here we'll copy Another one here. We'll copy that to my LaTeX folder. Okay, and if I go let's say I LS my LaTeX folder Okay, and there it is perfect So that's pretty much how you can do some stuff with fuzzy finder But you know as I said before for those of you who use D met D menu It can pretty much do anything that D menu does Now it just really is an issue of if you want to do them in the terminal or you know Up here or on your window in D menu. I will say there are additional settings I actually deliberately unset my settings for this But you can't change some things around like for example, actually, let me just show you what this does. So if I um You know, let's say I set these settings like the default options for fuzzy finder Which of course you could set by the command line, but you can also set them with you know The environment of environmental variables if I do something like that and run to run a fuzzy finder command Notice that it's much smaller and it's also reversed So you might prefer this kind of interface interface, you know, if I don't know you might like it So check that out. Anyway, as always just check the man for it. This is just bit This is just raising awareness about a program It's your responsibility to actually learn about it But you know fuzzy finders the kind of thing you can get a lot of juice out of so I hope you enjoy it and I will see you guys next time


How can we use transition activities to help a child move from one space face activity to the next? That's what we're going to be exploring in today's podcast. Let's dive straight in. Okay, so in today's podcast, which I've already recorded once without pressing the record button, so let's hope the second time round is great. Well done, Pookie. We're going to be thinking about transition activities. So how we can use different little simple activities to help children get into the right mindset, mood, state of regulation to manage well the next task that they need to do. This isn't just for kids, actually. I use these types of activities all the time in my day-to-day life in order to manage things well, and I'll share a little bit about that too. And these are activities that can be used at home, at school, anywhere where we're supporting or working with children and young people. These are activities that can be used to calm if we need to bring things to a calmer state. So we're ready for learning, for example, or ready for bed at home. And they can also be used to activate and energize if we need to really raise the motivation, get some activation going, be really getting ready to move ourselves on from a quieter state into one that's going to involve a little bit more energy, movement, or noise, for example. So these can just help to ease that transition. These are particularly important things to think about for those children who might struggle more with moving from one activity to the next. And our neurodivergent children and adults are a group who find this particularly challenging, but you might have other children that you've got in mind as well here. It can just be hard moving from one type of activity, one type of place, one type of people, and into something different. So a classic example here would be from home to school, or school to home, or within school, from break times and lunch times, which can be big and loud and busy, and then into learning, or between different kinds of learning as well. If you've got a bunch of children who've just arrived to you from their maths class and you're their PE teacher, that's quite a different kind of activity and level of energy that we're looking for, and we might need some activities here to engage, to energize, to activate, and get kids ready to get moving. So you get the idea. Please remember though that these transitions from one thing to the next can be genuinely really challenging for some of our children and adults too, particularly if we have had an opportunity to really get into our flow in a particular activity, or we're particularly comfortable there and things feel good. Being then sort of runched away, dragged away to do the next thing can feel really challenging. And so we can also support with that by doing things like making sure that the child knows when this is likely to happen, that they have plenty of warning, that we do things in a routine way at similar ways and with similar warnings each time, just so it doesn't come as a sudden surprise. You can have the best transition activities in the world, but if the child receives that transition activity with no warning when they're right in the middle of doing something where they've really found their flow and they're really deeply invested in it, then that transition activity is potentially not going to be enough to ensure that the next activity is likely to be a success. So just be somewhat empathetic towards that, that this movement from one thing to the next can feel really hard. So we just need to think about how to ease that, not just through these activities, but through our warnings and the way that we organize our day as well. Okay, so the first kind of transition activity I'm going to suggest for you is music. I love music. I mention it often. Music can be a great way to flip mood. So mood, flip music, thinking about what kind of mood, what kind of feeling are we going from and moving to and how might we be able to use a particular piece of music or playlist in order to achieve that mood flip. So we might be using music that activates, that gets us up and dancing around and jumping around and gets the heart rate going if we're going from calm to very active, or we might use music to do quite the opposite to really calm things down and we might be using things like our classical music or our calming playlist that we've created. Now we can do this in the classroom by playing music to the whole class in order to calm things down after a break if we want to get ready for reading or maths, for example. We might do this in the car if we're commuting from home to school or school to home. Think about how you can use music to help achieve the mood that you're looking for. That might look different on the way to school than on the way from school. Think about how music can be powerful here. At times of calm, explore with the child or the children, what music feels good here and what effect it can have on them. And don't be afraid just to use the same pieces of music or playlist again and again and again because we can become kind of conditioned, have that Pavlovian response to particular pieces of music that when we start to hear them our body, our brain instantly starts to react by making the transition to that new mood, that new feeling that we are looking for. So it's okay practice really does make perfect here. So mood flip music is number one. Number two is to get calmly creative. So lots of these activities are about calming things down. I particularly think when I'm thinking about these activities about moving from a really, really busy unstructured lunchtime that might have felt quite stressful for some of our children, particularly our neurodivergent ones, to then trying to get to a place of calm readiness for learning. Equally, these calming activities can be very helpful when a child moves from a busy school day that might have been challenging for them. They might have managed it okay. Perhaps you've got a child who when they get home tends to be somewhat explosive. It might be that they've been holding it all in or masking or camouflaging all day. And some of these activities can really help them to calm and work through what might have happened that day so that we don't need that explosion, but we find other slightly more regulated ways to just work through what has happened during the day and to move on to the next thing. So calmly creative. This is about doing things like drawing or writing or making, doing in some way, getting it out of our head, whether that's kind of particular tangible things that have happened or just some thoughts or feelings or just generally the stuff going on in our head, finding some creative outlets for letting that out. That might look like journaling. That might look like writing a poem. That might look like painting. That might look like just coloring and picking the colors that are reflecting our mood right now. We don't have to tell a child to do that, by the way. We don't sit them down with a coloring sheet and say, now, color according to your mood. I mean, you could if you wanted to, but children will naturally gravitate towards the colors that they want to in that moment. It doesn't have to be an activity that we've really loaded with loads and loads of meaning. Just the activity itself can be really calming and quite creative in its own right. They might choose to make things like Play Doh can be helpful here. We might get creative through things like Play. Some children will find it really, really helpful to have access to toys that they're familiar with, particularly ones that they can kind of role play with after a busy day and when they want to work through what has happened. It doesn't mean that they need to talk to you and tell you about what's happened in their day, but just sometimes the opportunity to work this through with their dolls, with their Sylvania families, with their Legos, with whatever it is that they need and they connect with in order to do that. They might also do this in an online world, so perhaps they'll work through it in Minecraft or road blogs, but the opportunity to get creative, to work through it, to be calming things down by working through what's happened last so we can move on to what happens next can be helpful here. An additional step for calmly creative is number three, right and rip or create and destroy. Now this can help if we're moving from something that was not so good and we want to get ourselves ready for what comes next without being completely embroiled in the challenging stuff. So absolutely classic scenario here is if we've got some kids who've had some challenging stuff going on at break time or lunchtime, maybe there's some friendship issues that's been going on, maybe there has not been good sharing or something like this that has triggered some sort of response and it's being carried into the classroom or as a parent or carer, perhaps you've got a child where there's been things that have gone on during the school day and they want to be able to work through them. A particular teacher has said or done something that they're carrying home with them. A child said or did something or there was an interaction that they are carrying home and they're not feeling good about it at all. So what we can do here is we can write and rip or create and destroy. So this is where we create something that represents the feelings or the event that has happened. We write it down, we make it out of Play-Doh, we draw it, whatever and it doesn't have to be a good representation, it's just about asking what's in our head out, putting it out there in the world. I'm going to have to share it, this can be a private activity and then we can tear it up and make it go away or we can destroy it. We can in some way let go and this is a very, very helpful thing to do sometimes, just let it go. Just get it out there, let it go. Helping our children to learn the art of forgiving, letting go and moving on and allowing ourselves to have a fresh start right now can be really helpful. There are some situations where things need to be resolved and we might ask the child if there's something that you need to share with me or you want to talk about then we can do that and we might either take the thing they've created now and ask them to talk to us about it or we can put a pin in it for later and say this really matters but actually right now we've got to get to X-Place so let's get it out and that will help and we're going to talk about it at such and such a time so we're making an appointment with that worry and that can help. So some things do need some support and resolving but some things don't, some things are just things that can't be resolved, things that have been resolved already for other people but perhaps we're still carrying and we just need the chance to get it out and rip it up and tear it away and move on. It's important for us to help our children learn to recognise at what point it is appropriate to let go and move on and at what point it's important to revisit and consider and reflect and think about what next. This is an art rather than a science and I'm still working on it personally but it's certainly good conversations to be having with our children and what we don't want to be doing isn't to be in a situation where something that's happened many hours ago and for which there might not be any resolution is impacting on our ability to enjoy what comes next in our day so finding ways to let that go can be really powerful for our children and for us as well and we might do this alongside our children and let go of those things that are sitting with us too we all have those things. Number four on my list is a whole class stretch, wriggle or walk and again this is something you can do alongside your child or children if you are a parent or carer or in a bit of a different situation but a whole class stretch, wriggle or walk is the idea of kind of whole class regulation when we've got a lot of pent up energy and we're moving perhaps from big busy times and we're trying to get to that point of readiness for learning for calmer activities where we want that sense of quiet busyness in our classroom and that can be difficult when we're moving from the heightened state of playtime and break time or maybe PE or something that's been busy busy busy and busy busy busy to wanting something calmer so we might try and take all that energy and actually do something physically proactive with it so something really kind of sensory so a whole class stretch and this doesn't have to take up loads of space but we might get up and do a little bit of like yoga positions or something like that can work well but equally we could just be sat in our seats and we might just think about every part of our body and really stretch out those toes and give them a bit of a wriggle and then moving around our ankles and working up through the body like that and just tensing and relaxing each part of the body and moving it through again can really help here if we've got kind of pent up energy like tense and relax can really really help to just let that energy go so tense and relax can also help here a walk can also be super helpful very very regulating walking is amazing because it can be both calming and activating at the same time for the children who need it so if you're looking for something to do with your whole class and everyone's in a different state of regulation and we want to end up at the same point why not think about getting up and going for a walk just for a couple of minutes it can just be a walk around the classroom you might have set up different stations in the room and you're going to take the children around to show them what's going to happen in the next lesson or even better if you can get up get out get some fresh air have a couple of minutes of walking here and falling in step with each other noticing what's around us perhaps a bit of a mindful walk while we listen to the different sounds that we can hear for example before we return and we're at a more equivalent state to each other afterwards again walking brilliant if you've got an individual child as well you might think about that commute from home to school if you're doing pickup or drop-off we always found in our family when the children were still going to school that that walk to school was a really important moment and for me as a parent when my children were especially struggling at school and if i'd be asked to come and calm things down or bring them home i would never do so in the car if i could avoid it because actually the walk home would make a really big difference to my children's ability then to engage with the rest of the day so i would turn up to a child who was perhaps mute and entirely unable to manage in school anymore this wasn't working and i would appear generally with a lollipop an outstretched hand and the offer to walk home and then everything would be fine one little kind of side point to that for those of you in schools listening i am fairly convinced that there were times when my daughter's school thought that she was making it up because she couldn't speak and she would be in complete fight flight freeze type which all of them cycling through responses she might well have absconded by this point gone and hidden been tracked down might have got angry and then gone completely mute and the moment that i would walk through the door this would all completely go away when she knew she was going home i'd hand her a lollipop we find lollipops very regulating in our household i have a very big supply of chapa chups i use for myself too um and i'd hand her a lollipop take her hand and she would chat away to me explain what had happened and we'd walk home and everything would be fine and i honestly think that from some of the looks that i got sometimes people just thought she was faking it and she just wanted to go home she wasn't faking it at all it's just that we have a very positive relationship she knew she was safe and we knew what to do to calm things down quite quickly um so if you do see that kind of complete flip in a child like that um please don't assume they're faking it instead i would suggest that you speak with the adult who's able to co-regulate with the child in that way and speak with the child at times of calm and think what can we learn from you from this and what would we be able to do to maybe manage that ourselves in school that's what i would suggest in that situation okay so you've got your whole class kind of stretch wriggle walk of course those activities can all be done with individuals within a class um or uh with your individual child if your parent care as well um and you can also think to to do these not just at moments of transition but anytime we need to kind of transition mood so a child might do well for being given an errand to run we find this to be a magic panacea they're made up errand that needs to be taken urgently across the school can give a child the opportunity to feel a sense of purpose and belonging it can remove them from the situation they might be finding challenging right now and it gives them the opportunity to walk which is a really regulating activity number five of six today is getting ready rituals so having ritualistic ways of moving from one task to the next can really help a this can help those children who struggle a lot with transitions between activities and might find it hard to stop the thing that they're doing to understand it's time to stop this now and it's time to move on so we might have rituals around things like putting away getting ready for the next thing and or getting things out getting ready for the next activity um and so we can think about what this might look like how we can do this in a ritualistic way which doesn't mean it's got to be kind of really fancy and you're adding lots of different elements to it but rather simply that we just do it in the same way each time we might use the same words have a bit of a script going on here we might do things in the same order and people might have the same jobs the same roles we might give the same warnings that this is going to happen next these simple things are things that we will naturally sometimes fall into as we get a bit more of a rhythm but things like as we're preparing for the start of a new school year or if it's a new activity we haven't done before we might not have thought really carefully about what the rhythm of that might look like but thinking ahead about what might be our script for this kind of gear change here can really help us out and think not just about the gear change into the new activity but also out of the old activity too what are our warnings that there's five minutes to go three minutes to go one minute to go they might be as simple as that letting a child know there's five minutes to go three minutes to go one minute to go but it might be that there are other warnings that you're using here through the use of things like sounds or music through the use of putting up prompts or props on the screen for the next activity it will depend on you your situation what it is that you're getting ready for next but allowing children to ease into that transition and then to engage with and work with you on those rituals you can also use those rituals to make boring tasks feel a little bit more fun and a little bit more of a sense of team and cooperation for children as well when everyone is involved in working together in harmony on a task like clearing up or putting away or getting things out and getting things ready and we do that together it can feel really fantastic there's a lovely sense of belonging and cohesion that comes from that sort of teamwork and finally number six the trusty breathing and grounding exercises you probably guessed I was going to get them in here somewhere breathing exercises things that will help us to regulate our breathing grounding exercises things which help us to feel right here right now and take us away from all the other thoughts and feelings and busyness that might have been happening around us there are lots and lots of different ones out there on my youtube channel on other people's youtube channels pick your favorites and you can do these with an individual child you can encourage a child to do them on their own or you can do them as a whole group as a kind of big co-regulatory exercise and again where possible join in if you can you can lead on this you can role model it you as the calm supportive caring adult will help the children all to regulate through that co-regulation relationship really really effective and the more that you do it with them the more that they learn from you the more they'll be able to do this for themselves in time so you can pick whichever are your favorites here favorites for me include breathing in for the count of five and out for the count of seven or we might do our box breathing where we breathe in for four we hold it for four we breathe out for four and we hold it for four or our feather breathing where we imagine a feather on the palm of our hand and we breathe out with a huge great long outbreath trying to hold that imaginary feather floating in the air for as long as we can and then our grounding exercise things that make us feel here and right now and really connected that might include things like trust the old five or three two one where we work through our senses and we have a look around just for five things we can see four things we can hear three things we can touch and so on until we end up with one long out breath my ever present caveat for five four three two one it doesn't matter what order you do it in do it in whatever order works for you just work through the senses but we can do other things that ground us in the right here right now we might do really intense listening exercises seeing what we can hear we might plant our feet firmly on the ground and then think about our bum blunted firmly on the seat and do a bit of a whole body kind of work through there just feeling present in our bodies connecting with it noticing if we're holding any tension and just letting that go but these kind of grounding breathing calming exercises having the opportunity to visit revisit practices with children and young people these are great skills for them to take into other parts of their life and day as well but also when we do these regularly as a whole group it really brings everyone to that point of calm co-regulated ready to move on to the next thing so they can be super super effective i really hope you're able to put some of these ideas into practice let me know and let me know what other topics you would be interested in hearing in the future as well if you enjoyed today's episode please tell somebody about it if you like my work please share it i'm always really happy for you to take it make it your own share it as widely as possible that's the really best way that you can support my work and hopefully give a little gift of resources and so on to the people within your personal or professional network other ways that you can support my work if you like what i'm doing are to head over to patreon where you can join me for a pound a month or 10 pounds a year and be part of that little community who sees things first who get to influence most what i am creating and who just make me feel warm and lovely inside because it's such a kind thing to join that little community there and the other way you can support would be to ask me to deliver a webinar or come and join you in your setting or at your next event keynote speaking is my day to day joy so do ask me along either online or in real life always a joy to be with you guys okay i think with that that's all i have to say about that so until next time over


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering NetApp Insight 2018. Brought to you by NetApp. Welcome back to theCUBE's coverage of NetApp Insight 2018. Lisa Martin with Stu Miniman, and guess who's here now? Dave Hitz, EVP and founder of NetApp. Dave, welcome back to theCUBE. Thank you, I'm glad to be here. This is a big event. We were in the keynote this morning when we were walking out, standing room only, really strong messages delivered by George Curian, who you stopped by for the first time a couple hours ago. Great customer story. The futurist was a very interesting perspective. 26 years ago, can you envision where you are? You know, the futurist, nevermind that. I have a very different perspective than him. I think we are entering the golden decade of artificial intelligence.  Decade. Enjoy your last 10 years. Oh no, that's it? No, no, you asked, you asked, could I envision this? 26 years ago, oh my God, no. I mean, we were a little start up, and we have these spreadsheets that said we would grow to basically what the VCs told us, if we could get to 100 million in revenue, we could go public. So naturally, our spreadsheets showed 200 million in revenue, now we're five, six somewhere in there, and it was like, we're so far beyond anything, I imagine, when we started.  And the idea that that part of the storage market would merge against the heavy-duty, high-end enterprise storage market doing databases, and then that would end up colliding with the cloud market and helping like, no, we didn't even imagine the stuff that's happening now. I mean, it's so far beyond. It's a jiggling dream work to make movies. I mean, that was, you know, they do showings, they do previews for their vendors, and so I've gotten to take my 11-year-old daughter, she's 11 now, but to see early viewings of some of these movies, it's just fun. So, Dave, it's always interesting. In the industry, a lot of time, you say like, okay, this architecture is long in the tooth, there's a new generation, do things better, and everything like that, on tap. Been around for a long time now. Seems like it's been, you know, reinvigorated with the cloud and everything like that. You know? Let me make a comment about that, because people do this, oh, on tap is so old, isn't that the old generation? So let's talk about old. Mainframes are old, and AS-400s are old, and Unix is old, and then there's Windows, which is kind of younger, and on tap's younger than that, and then there's Windows NT, which was the rewrite of Windows, and clustered on tap is younger than that. So like, stop with the old. You know, I mean, iOS is after that, so okay, fine, we're older than iOS, but it's not an ancient, and then we've revamped it again to go run in the cloud. I mean, we first started doing on tap running in Azure, sorry, in Amazon, initially. We started that work in 2013 and shipped it in 2014, so like, that was yet another refresh. So. You bring a point, it is adjusted and moved. It wasn't something that's static. Can you speak a little bit to that cloud, you know, the rewrite, and focus around the cloud, and what that's mean internally. I know you've been reinvigorated with everything that's happened the last few years. You know, the cloud, everybody's doing it now, and everybody's trying to be cloud relevant. We were really struggling early on. I will say, you know, 2013, 2014, we were really trying to get our heads around what to do, and a lot of people were stepping back, like no, no, no, let's see if we can slow it down, and I mean, not just outside of NetApp, but NetApp as well, and the guy who was the CEO at the time, Tom Georgins, and George Karan was part of the staff then, I'm proud of what we did, was we said, you know, let's really lean in. It's either going to happen or it's not going to happen, probably not based on what we do, and if it does happen, we'll be way better off leaning into it early, learning how to make this stuff work, and that's, you know, we shipped on tap in the cloud in 2014, and it sucked. I mean, and nobody else had anything like it, it was awesome, right? Whenever you look at old technology, the first iPhone sucked too, but it was both great, but it needed so much more work. Like the very first rev, I remember a story, Joe Caradonna is a programmer, he's like, we tried to get our own IT organization to use it, and they told us the security wasn't good enough, so we had to fix the security, like, I mean, we've been through so much stuff, that's almost five years ago, we've been working on it, and so you do all of this work, and then Cloud Volumes is a complete, have you guys had Anthony on? Yes, a couple hours ago. I love how Anthony thinks. So he's a cloudy guy, right from the foundation, he joins the executive staff, whole new perspective on stuff. So Cloud OnTap, like, oh, OnTap's my baby, and we put it in the cloud, I'm proud of that, like, yeah, we're forward leaning cloud, and Anthony's like, you know, just so you know, that's not nearly good enough. They're like, that is a very old school, infrastructural thing, probably storage infrastructure people will like that they can have their same old OS running in the cloud, but it's not what cloudy people want. Cloudy people don't want to run a storage OS in the cloud. Cloudy people just want to say, I'd like a volume, please, here's your volume, thank you. And by the way, it should be a restful API, like, Cloud OnTap was none of those things, and so if you look at the work we're doing now, it's like, okay, here's a restful API, here's the JSON schema, send it to the Azure Resource Manager, like, that's cloudy. And so, and it was because, you know, I mean, we did a good job engineering getting it in, but we didn't have that like, what does cloud smell like?  So Anthony really brought that, and I just, I feel really good about where we're at now, because it's like, cloud developers develop this stuff for other cloud developers, it feels like that. Well, in the last five years, it sounds like tremendous amount of transformation, reinvigoration, NetApp has some bold marketing messaging. We are the data authority. We help customers become data-driven. You talk about these three business imperatives, customers have lots of choices that, you know, public cloud, private cloud, hybrid. George talked about this morning in his keynote that hybrid and multi-cloud is now de facto. You know, someone asked me, I was giving a talk, and they asked me, okay, so so much cloud, how long do you think, till NetApp's not chipping hardware? And I was like, no, no, like, we don't see that going away anytime soon. If anything, we think that our success in the cloud, because customers want to do that, will help us gain share on-prem, because customers also want to do that, right? George's picture shows, yes, there's traditional on-prem IT, enterprise IT, there's private clouds, people HCI, converged at CI, and then there's public cloud. To me, the interesting question is, why do people do those different things? The number one driver for public cloud is innovation. Like, if you just, like, all the catch words you can think of, if you want to start up a DevOps team to go program, I would like a new mobile phone app, and I wanted to take a picture of the person's face, oh look, it's a woman, she looks happy, and then you want it to listen to the voice, and like transcribe the voice, and then do a sentiment analysis on the words, oh, she looked happy, but it's snarky, and then you want to feed that into neural net, deep learning engine, and say, well, what should we try and sell her? Like, I guarantee you, the team working in the public cloud will beat the on-prem team hands down every time, right? I mean, that's, so when you look at people, when they go, we want all in on the cloud, or there's got to be 100% cloud, my question is, well, what's your pro, like, don't start with that, what's your problem? If it's drive innovation, for the private clouds, typically that's just all about speed. They're so uniform, regular, they're all the same, you have extra capacity, you know, you've got empty rack space for where the next one goes, someone says, I need some storage, and you say, hey, it's got a self-service software to find API, like, just do it yourself. And then in the enterprise space, the enterprise IT, UNIX, Windows, client, server, like that zone, probably the bulk of your investment, right? That's where you've been spending the money historically, probably still the bulk of most people's investment, but they want to modernize it. They don't want to get rid of it, they don't want to turn it off, it's working, but they like it to work better, so flash enable it, just get the performance issues out of the way, by the way, shrinks your footprint in the data center, frees up space, and connect it to the cloud, like not moving it, but just back it up, or do DR, like something cloudy. And so, to me, I look at those three goals, are tightly linked to the three styles of infrastructure. Notice I haven't really talked about products yet. The conversations I like to have with customers these days, help me understand what your business challenges are. You're trying to move faster, be more innovative, modernize the stuff you have. Okay, like what ratio, now let's talk about how we could do those things together with the data fabric, and let you build the data fabric you need. I mean, our data fabric strategy is not to tell customers what to do, it's to help them build the data fabric they need for their needs based on, oh, we're all about innovation, all in on the cloud, like okay, fine, we can do that, but let's talk about that, or is it? Anyway, now I'm stuttering. I haven't decided about this stuff. I haven't decided about this stuff. It's really exciting, because I think back, just a couple of years ago, if you go to the enterprise, oftentimes, storage was the boat anchor prevent me from moving forward. Now, we know that data is absolutely going to be one of the drivers going forward. How do we help those people make that transition? How do you see NetApp driving that transition? So boat anchor is an interesting word, because I think if you look at the cloud compute, it's very easy to move compute into the cloud. Yes. Right, and the thing about compute is, it just happens and then it's done.  The reason that data is a boat anchor, is not because it's a boat anchor, it's because data's the hard part. Like you fired up the compute in the cloud, but usually you're computing some data. Well, how'd you get the data to the place where the compute is? And then when you're finished, a lot of times you created some data. Well, how do you keep track of the data you created in the cloud, and is it legal for it to stay in the cloud? And now you want to put the data in a different cloud, or put the data in your own data center, like who's watching all of that data?  It's a boat anchor, actually, because it's the important thing you want to keep forever. Right, I mean, maybe you do, or you want to delete it and know for sure it's gone. Like those compute doesn't have any of those issues. So what's my point? Whatever is hard, like if this was easy, anybody could do it, right? Whatever is hard, you go hire lots and lots of smart people to work on hard problems, and then customers like, whoa, you're solving hard problems. I guess I will pay you after all. Isn't that what business is? So the majority of your conversations start with helping customers identify what they've got. We're best to spread out their investments. It's not product-based, it's about business outcomes. I'd love to get kind of in the last few minutes here, your perspective on NetApp's own IT and digital and cultural transformation. How does that help your legacy, long-time enterprise customers feel an even stronger trust with NetApp? I think prior to our cloud work, customers for the most part, customers and potential customers, they knew us. You know, it was interesting, even as we thought about marketing the new work that we're doing, one of the questions was like, how much should be about the cloud? How much should be about the old stuff? And we've really leaned in almost 100% on telling people our new cloud stories that are both public and private. And our VP of marketing, I think she had a really gene English, she had a really good perspective. She basically said, look, we've been telling the on-prem storage iron story for 26 years, and if there's a customer who's out there waiting to decide who to use, I don't think telling them that story again in year 27 is going to be the thing that makes the difference. Like they've decided they're happy with their Hitachi or their EMC, whatever it is, but they don't know that NetApp could help them in this brave new world, right? They have no clue that OnTap's also running in Amazon.  I can run OnTap in Amazon? Yeah, like fire it up, it's five bucks an hour, whatever the number is. It's like, that's crazy, you know? And so, and then people go, well, we've had so many conversations where they're trying to get a cloud strategy together and we talk about all these things and data movement and data management and cloud ends. I like just all of these tools and they're very excited about where they're trying to go and they said, you know, by the way, I do also have an on-prem storage need. Could you do me a quote for like what I need this week? And meanwhile, let's do some planning about what I need next year, right? You've got both of them working together and I think it's that combo that's important. Last question, how do you, if only you had more energy and excitement, like legitimately about this, but how do you keep some of the NetApp folks that have been here for a long time, how have you helped reinvigorate them to really be able to digest the massive impact that you guys are being able to make across industries? One of the things that I think helps, because there is, let me back up a step. You know, Steve Jobs is such an awesome guy and also in his life, he made so many mistakes. And one of the things that he did when Apple was almost entirely floated on their Apple 3 business, and was it Apple 3, Apple 2? And he was doing the Mac and basically his message to everybody else was, if you're not working on the Mac, you suck. Except by the way, that's the product that's floating the entire business and generating all the products and I really was conscious of like, that's the wrong way to do it. And when I look in particular of what we're doing, we've got new operating systems like E-Series and like SolidFire, HCI is a whole new thing and yet ONTAP is still shop through our entire product line. I mean, the cloud volumes, the cool hottest new thing, it's ONTAP under the covers, right? And you look at the HCI, it's got the SolidFire block storage built in there as a very scalable model. Oh, but if you'd like files, guess what? We run ONTAP in a VM, it's HCI, it runs VM. And so actually, if you look at what's going on in there, the work that we've done going way back, and yes, it's evolved and it's changed, but that same work is actually shot through as technology, no longer the front piece, but it's shot through all of it as technology. So it is kind of a unifying characteristic. If you talk about that, I think it helps people get more comfortable, both internally, but we have the same, you know, you asked how do you get employees comfortable? A lot of customers have the same problem. You know, they've spent a lot of investment in learning ONTAP's foibles over the year and cloud volumes hides all of that. So gee, maybe I don't like this. Like, you know what? If you need all those features, cloud ONTAP, you can run ONTAP, but like, some people do want to do that. So I just feel like the fact that the pieces all fit together, work together, actually gets people comfortable with it. Excellent. Well, Dave, thanks so much for stopping by. Thank you for having me. Sharing your energy and your excitement and your passion and all this wisdom and looking at where you guys are 26 years later. We look forward to your 27. Great, thank you. We want to thank you for watching theCUBE. I'm Lisa Martin with Stu Miniman. We are Net Up Insight 2018 in Vegas. To go around, Stu and I will be right back with our next guest.