Well, hi everyone. Welcome to today's Protocol Labs Research Seminar. Today, we're joined by Krissa Stathacapulo who recently joined the team at Chainlink Labs as a researcher where she's helping smart contracts reach their full potential. Krissa was a doctoral student at IBM Research and ETH Zurich and also earned her master's at ETH Zurich. Today she will be talking about state machine replication skill ability made simple. So thank you so much Krissa for taking the time to join us today and I'll let you take it from here. Hello everyone and thank you for having me here today. So today I will talk to you about a paper that was recently published in Eurosis and it is a work that we did with people that you probably know, Matei and Marco, while we were all together working in IBM Research and the title says state machine replication skill ability made simple. So the talk today will first cover briefly the problem we try to solve state machine replication and then I will try to justify the title of the presentation. Namely, I will try to explain why it's skill ability is not simple. Then I will present our solution which we call ISS. It stands for insanely scalable state machine replication and it is a protocol that multiplexes single leader protocols that solve total order broadcast into a scalable solution that solves again total order broadcast. And while such a multi-leader total order broadcast protocols may already exist, we want to emphasize that our solution is both efficient and modular to give a spoiler. The results we achieved with this protocol is that when we implemented it with non-protocols such as PBFT, hot stuff and raft, we managed to make them scale on 128 nodes with a performance of more than 50,000 requests per second on a wide area network with one giga pps connections. And I would also like to highlight that I will not talk today about a sharding protocol. So this performance is while maintaining a common total order among all instances. But before jumping into many details, let's take a step back and see the problem we try to solve in more detail. So the problem we try to solve as it's clear by now it's state machine replication, but it all starts with a simple state machine. Let's say that we have a client that wants to submit a request to some remote service and such request has a payload and some identifier. The payload is the operation that will be executed by the service to go from an initial state to some new state. And once this is done, the service will respond to the client, notifying them that the operation was done by assigning a sequence number to their response. This is a very simple solution. However, it has an important drawback. It has a single point of failure. So what people went on and did was to make a replicated state machine where we don't have only one server, but we have multiple servers. And as before, the client is supposed to send out requests and receive responses. However, we want to make sure that we tolerate situations where one or more of those servers not only crash, but they might perform arbitrarily in any way. And this is what we refer to as Byzantine for tolerance. And what we actually want to achieve is to make this replicated service act as one server so that it's seamless with respect to the client. And the client receives the same response, whether it will send to one server or multiple. So this is built with a set of properties, the agreement property that makes sure that all servers assign the same sequence number to a request, the integrity property that makes sure that when a sequence number is assigned to some request, this request was indeed sent by the client, the liveness property, which makes sure that the client will for sure get back a response with the sequence number and the totality property that makes sure that the client will get the same response from all the remote servers eventually, if they are correct. And these properties describe a problem that is known in research as total order broadcast, where the terminology that we use is that the client broadcasts a request to the server, to the service, and the service delivers a request to the sequence number to the client. When the nodes now build a log of such requests from potentially many clients with many sequence numbers assigned to all the requests, we see that we can create an ordered log of this request based on the sequence number. And this construction now might seem very familiar because basically it describes a blockchain. And because of the applicability to blockchain systems, it is particularly interesting to solve a total order broadcast under specific assignments, namely partial synchrony, which describes the network communication. This means that we usually assume that the network is asynchronous, so that the messages might be delayed arbitrarily. But from time to time, we assume that the latencies are predictable or the network is synchronous. And it is interesting to solve such a problem in a wide area network. State machine replication is not a new problem to solve. It has been around for many decades. However, its applicability to blockchain systems has posed new requirements. As we said, we want to solve such problems in wide area networks with many nodes where we require a high throughput, low latency, even when we operate with faults, and even when we operate with Byzantine faults. So the protocols that have been suggested so far in research, in the beginning, they had all a common denominator. They are single leader total order broadcast protocols. And the problem with single leader total order broadcast protocols is that they have a very important bottleneck. Now, to explore this bottleneck, imagine that we have some clients here submitting requests to some nodes that solve the problem. And we will assume that the requests are grouped in some batch. So node zero here is the leader of the protocol. And what this node has to do is to disseminate these batch to all nodes. We call this phase usually proposal or preprepare phase in such protocols. And then the protocol may proceed in multiple rounds depends on its actual implementation. But the problem is already in the first phase because these batch that the leader has to disseminate is very big. And what is worse is that the more nodes we have in the system, the more data the leader needs to push through the network. And since the leader has a limited bandwidth available, this one becomes a bottleneck, which makes the throughput fall very steeply. And what actually we observe is that the throughput drops inversely proportional to the number of the nodes. Now, to resolve this single leader bottleneck researchers suggested parallel total order broadcast protocols. This means that we have more nodes acting as leaders where more nodes try to send requests through the network at the same time. However, still this solution has an important drawback and this is duplicate requests. Let's examine an example to see what this suggests. So as before, we have a client that wants to broadcast some requests. And for liveness purposes, this client cannot depend on setting this request just to one node who will act for it as a leader because this node might crash or it might even be something and censor such request. So if both nodes 0 and node 1 act in parallel as leaders, what will happen is that they might put both the requests are 0 in their respective batches and therefore they will both waste resources trying to push this request through the network. And this, when the client would send the request to multiple nodes will have an effect on the throughput similar to the effect that single leader protocols had. Namely, we will again have a throughput which is inversely proportional to the number of the nodes. And what is important to observe in this situation is that we cannot know whether the client sent the request to multiple leaders because it was a liveness issue or whether the client needed to do so because it was slow and he did not receive a response for us, for example, from node 0 or whether the client is also malicious and wants to exploit this vulnerability of multi-leader protocols and deteriorate the throughput of the protocol. So to address this solution, again researchers came through and propose protocols such as MIRBFT and FNF. MIRBFT is a previous work that again is done with Marco and Matei to address this problem. And to address the duplication issue, what is done in MIRBFT is a careful partition of requests among the party leaders such that each leader only sends out one request at a time. And then we reallocate this assignment periodically to still maintain liveness. And while this solution indeed demonstrates that it has much better scalability than before applying the duplication mechanism, it has still some issues. In particularly such solutions, they are designed to parallelize specific protocols. MIRBFT is designed to parallelize PBFT and FNF is an effort to parallelize a protocol which is similar to Holstaff. And moreover, they highly depend on a single node, which is known as the epoch primary in the protocols that move the protocol from configuration to configuration when something goes wrong. And this epoch primary can severely impact the performance of the protocol when it is malicious. So our solution that we wanted to achieve with our new protocol, ISS, was a parallel leader protocol to tackle performance with duplication prevention to maintain good performance in scale. But we also wanted it to be simple and modular. And our simple design, our target was to be able to multiplex not only a specific PBFT protocol, but a specific protocol such as PBFT, but any leader-based, total order broadcast or consensus protocol. And we wanted also to do that without depending on an epoch primary to avoid difficult situations when this primary class is always presenting. Here's in a nutshell how ISS works. What we want to do basically is simple. We want to create a totally ordered log of requests. And the log is represented with sequence numbers. And when the client broadcasts requests, some leader known assigns a sequence number to this request. We say that the request is committed and added to the log when, excuse me, we say that the request is added to the log when it is committed by the underlying protocol instance. And once all positions prior to the sequence number of the particular requests are filled, we can deliver the request. And at this point, the request can be executed because we know all the requests that are executed previously in the ordered log. So simple as that, we want to fill a log with requests in a totally ordered way. And what we do in order to handle this with a multi-leader protocol is to partition the log to what we call segments. So segments here are shown with the rectangles that go around different sequence numbers of the log. Because what we present with a segment is basically just a set of sequence numbers. So each segment now is assigned to a particular node that acts as a leader for this segment. And at the same time, this node acts as a follower for all other segments. And for each segment, we run an instance of what we call sequence broadcast. And sequence broadcast is a novel primitive that we came up to for the purpose of this work. It is similar to total order broadcast, yet it terminates for a set of sequence numbers. So it terminates for the sequence numbers in the segment. And importantly, it is implementable with consensus or total order broadcast so that we can reuse already known protocols from the literature to put them together with ISS and have a high throughput solution. As I mentioned earlier, an issue that is important for multi-leader protocols is request duplication. So to avoid this, we adjusted the duplication mechanism that we designed for mere BFT such that we map to each segment of the log a different subspace of the space of some hash function that we refer to as bucket. And now each bucket is assigned to a segment. And it's a node that acts as leader for this particular segment is the only node that can propose requests that when hashed map to this bucket. So for example here, when a client sends to multiple nodes request R0, such that R0 is hashed to the blue part of the request hash space and therefore falls into the blue bucket. Regardless which node received this request, only the request who is currently responsible for the blue bucket here node 0 is able to put this request in a batch and instantiate the and use this batch through sequence broadcast to totally order it. Now we are not done because this protocol is efficient, but it is not live. And this is because things can go wrong and the nodes that are responsible for some segment can crash or be Byzantine and censored requests. So we don't want to rely on a single node for handling the requests that fall to a particular bucket. And therefore we further partitioned the log into epochs such that we can reassign buckets to nodes for different epochs. So for example, here after sequence number 11, we start a new epoch. And now the which is partitioned again in segments, but now node 0, but node 1 is responsible for the blue buckets. So if node 0 had crashed or would censored the request, node 1 will be able to propose the request from the blue bucket. Now let's examine a bit more how we handle faults in ISS. So imagine again, our example where node 0 crashed. And at this point, node 0 has only managed to assign a request to sequence number 0. What will happen is that we will assign some other nodes temporarily as a leader of the blue segment here to make sure that this segment terminates. So to make sure that some value is assigned to all sequence numbers of this segment. And in particular, we enforce a rule that says that the new leader can assign only some special bottom value to the sequence numbers of the grass segment. And the reason we did that was to allow this segment to finish as soon as possible. And not delay further the progress of other segments that might have already finished so that we can pass to the next epoch as soon as possible. And in the next epoch, since we realized that node 0 was not able to finish the segment, we can exclude node 0 from the leader set and assign all the segments among the other three nodes. So for example, in the next epoch, node 1, we lacked as leader for both the yellow and the blue segment. And while this in this picture might seem a little bit imbalanced, keep in mind that in practice, we had many more segments that nodes so that we can better load load balance the segments of the crash node once it's gone. Now let me demonstrate a bit more in detail how we use ISS to multiplex our SP instances. So ISS as a black box seems very simple. It has a simple interface. As we said, client broadcasts, requests, and ISS delivers requests with sequence numbers. And what ISS keeps inside is an ordered clock of actually batches. And we decided to use batches to amortize computation and commutation complexity. So when a request is received is mapped to some bucket. And in the epoch, we spawn multiple SP instances. And the SP instances inside are implemented with one leader-based protocol such as SPVFT, HODE stuff, or AF. Those were the protocols that we actually implemented to evaluate the protocol. But it could be in principle any leader-based protocol. So once a request batch can be formed, which depends on some timeout or on some maximum batch size for the batch, we can invoke broadcast for the sequence broadcast primitive, which happens for multiple SP instances in parallel. And once the batch is delivered by the sequence broadcast, we can put this batch into the log. And as we mentioned previously, once all the positions are filled before some sequence number, the batch can be delivered. And at this point, all the requests in this batch are delivered. And the total order of the request is specified by the total number of requests delivered up to this point, which we know because we have delivered some batch for all the sequence numbers up to this point. And also the relative position of the request in the batch. So we evaluated our ISS protocol with a go implementation. We implemented, as I mentioned, PBFT, the changed version of HODE stuff and draft as the underlying sequence broadcast. And we evaluated ISS on a wide area network that spanned over 16 data centers all over the world, where we had uniformly distribute up to 128 servers. Its node was a fairly powerful node with 32 or 32 gigabytes memory and one gigabit ps. However, one gigabit ps is not an insane bandwidth. And we had also a varying number of client machines varying from one to 16 based on the load we wanted to send to the servers. We evaluated the protocol with 500 bytes per request, because this request, this request size is similar to a Bitcoin transaction. And the operation that the main operation that was done by each server upon receiving a request was a signature verification for client access control. And as I mentioned, the request requests were ordered in batches, but the batch size differs according to the best configuration for each of the underlying implementations. And it also differs to better allow the protocol scale according to the number of nodes in the network. So in this figure, I will discuss how ISS better makes the underlying single leader protocols to scale. We present here in the x axis the number of nodes and in the y axis the throughput in 1000 requests per second. And the data points on this plot are the saturation throughput. So basically for each of the configuration in numbers of nodes, clients progressively send more requests per second to the nodes until we observe that the throughput does not increase anymore and the latency increases rapidly. So at this point we did use that the protocol is saturated and the highest throughput is the throughput reported on this plot. This line is the evaluation of PBFT without ISS and it indeed behaves as we expected inversely where the throughput drops inversely proportionally to the number of the nodes. Whereas the ISS PBFT implementation reports significantly higher throughput. And we see a similar situation for hot stuff. Also hot stuff does not perform worse even than PBFT for a small number of nodes. This is particularly related to the way that hot stuff changes proposals and makes it a latency bound protocol. And as soon as we add more nodes as leaders and we have more hot stuff instance running at the same time, we can see that hot stuff performance improves significantly. Finally, RAFT also has a performance that vastly deteriorates with the increasing number of nodes when it is a single leader implementation. It is important to point out for RAFT that it is a protocol that in wide area network we observe that it does not behave very well because it again is very sensitive to latency but in a different way. RAFT has a heartbeat mechanism basically and when the leader does not see a response from a follower, it resents to this follower the proposal. So if the latencies in the network are a bit unpredictable, RAFT will send the proposals to the followers again and again. And to avoid this, we would, we tried to impose higher timeouts between different proposals. But still the single leader implementation would not scale very well because of the single leader bottleneck. Still the multi-leader implementation we see that performs quite well. Now to examine also the latency of the ISS counterparts. Oops, here I'm missing the legends. I'm sorry. The blue line here represents PBFT on 128 nodes. On the x-axis we see the throughput as the rate from the client's increases and on the y-axis we see the latency. So before the saturation point, we observe that PBFT has few seconds latency. Similarly RAFT, which is the orange line has few seconds latency and hot stuff as well. We can observe here that hot stuff has a significantly higher latency. And this as I discussed earlier is related to the fact that hot stuff is a latency bound protocol, which affects it significantly in wide area networks. However, in any case, we achieve thousands of requests per second with ISS with below 10 seconds latency under an average load. Then I would like to discuss a little bit how ISS behaves when we have crash faults. Let me explain a little bit these pictures. Here we see an average throughput for short periods of time as the time goes on on the y-axis and on the x-axis we see time. The periods between dashed lines represent an epoch of the protocol. We see on the red arrow how throughput drops when we have a leader crash. Also, this is an evaluation of ISS PBFT with crash faults. So for the left picture, we see what happens when we have the leader of one SP instance crashing at the end of an epoch. And on the right side, we see the opposite edge case, which is what happens when a node crashes at the beginning of an epoch. Now, what we observe is that the crash at the end of the epoch on the left-hand side is a worst-case scenario because when this happens, we have to wait to resolve this leader crash before moving to the next epoch, at which point we have a very high peak in throughput because we order the request for which the crash leader was responsible for, and then we move on to the next epoch. And because if you recall, we have a blacklisted the leader that crashed in all the subsequent epochs, we do not observe any further throughput deterioration because of the crash leader. On the right-hand side, however, we observe a more friendly scenario where the leader crashed towards the beginning of the epoch. And we can observe that in this case, we do not have a drop in throughput significantly because while we do not basically have an idle period for throughput, because while we were trying to resolve the leader change for the PBFT instance that the leader crashed, the other instances progressed normally. So at the end of the epoch, we do not have to wait anymore, and we can move already to the next epoch. Whereas, explained previously, we have removed the crash leader from the leader set, and we do not encounter any leader changes anymore. So this concludes the description of the protocol on my behalf. You can find online our paper for more details and the source code which we used for the evaluation. And you might be already familiar with the name ISS because some version of it is developed by Protocollabs. So that is for now. All right. Well, thank you so much, Chris.


All right, our last potential. I said we couldn't make our money back. Unlimited Dark Magician Girl. If we got like a, not even a nine on that would be a lot of money. That would be insane. So let's see what we can pull. That. If this is a Dark Magician Girl, I'm gonna die. Look at that card. It is decimated. Oh no. Disarmament. Oh no. Please no. If this is a Dark Magician Girl, I'm literally gonna cry. Oh my gosh. Old Magician Magician. We got a mass driver. Oppressed people. The corner is gone. It's destroyed. How is it so bad? It's in a pack. I don't understand. Thunder of Ruler. Point two. Come on. Come on. Magical Mary now. I don't even know what I want to happen here. Involved Dragon of Strurr. I guess a rare. Here we go. Final card. Please no. Oh no. Oh no.


What's up guys, welcome to today's video. So guess what? On the channel today, we're gonna focus on the brand new Maisie Williams haircut. Yes, Arya Stark from Game of Thrones. Not today. What I'm gonna do is I'm gonna break down this haircut. It's a chin length or jaw line, one length bob. It's also kind of choppy and it's got a choppy fringe which is one of my favorite parts about it. Okay, so the first thing I like to do is I like to go on Instagram and really see the latest version of this haircut. So when I got to our Instagram, I looked at the very first post. It had multiple angles of this haircut. So it was very helpful. The first thing that I wanna talk to you guys about is what a blunt bob is really all about. People see the choppy blunt bob and they think I wanna cut it choppy so then it styles that way. That's not what it's about.  That's what's gonna make it look choppy.  The modern feel to these blunt bobs is really a really precise haircut and then it's styled and when you straighten it out, it becomes different than the way that you cut it which creates a choppiness but you still see that precise line. So it doesn't break it up too much. That's one of the things that I like most about this haircut and the thing that I wanted to share with you guys the most as well. The second thing is the fringe in this haircut you can see in multiple different ways, how it's broken up, it's choppy, it's nice and skinny now. It looks like she has pretty medium, maybe even really low density hair. It doesn't look like she has thick hair. I've never felt her hair, so I don't really know but if I had to look at these pictures, her bangs look pretty skinny. So this is a little bit easier cut to do on that type of hair. What I'm gonna show you guys today is more of a medium to coarse thickness of hair.  I would say more people have challenges creating this fringe on medium to thick hair than they do on skinnier hair. So that's how we're gonna do it today. So those are my favorite things about this cut. You can use this haircut in multiple different ways. You don't have to do it exactly the way that it is here. If you are not a hairdresser and you're watching this video for inspiration, I would encourage you to go to stylistlocator.com. That is a website that we are launching. It's all about connecting good stylist, talented stylist with customers like you that watch these videos. So go check out stylistlocator.com.  Let's get into the fun part, which is the tutorial. Here we go. All right, guys. So let's get into this sectioning first. Sectioning is pretty simple. Straight down center back, back to the crown. And then what I wanna do is I wanna figure out that fringe area. So I go about two inches, find where that curve happens in the bang area. And I draw a triangle from one point down to about the edge of the eyebrow or where that hairline starts to drop off a little bit. And I do the same thing on the opposite side. And that creates that triangle section that I'm gonna save to the end and cut the fringe in that area. So it's just important that you don't section too far over on the fringe because then you're gonna end up getting into the sideburn area. And you never wanna create sideburns on your client.  And then I'm gonna work occipital bone over to behind the ear. It's gonna be a slight diagonal forward, but pretty much horizontal line from the occipital bone over. All right, you're gonna notice that I comb multiple times to get that hair nice and tight from scalp to ends. Not just kinda combing it up, putting it in a butterfly clip, bunching it all together, having loose hairs flying everywhere. That's not the professional way to work. I comb everything over nice and clean. And then also notice that the way the grain of the hair is going, the way that I've got that hair flowing, every section I take is gonna be in that direction. So it makes everything quicker and easier and cleaner to work. So cutting everything one length from occipital bone down, just combing with comb tension. Notice I'm using the wide teeth of the comb. I'm not pushing the comb to the back of the head. I don't wanna create any tension when cutting a one length bob because the more tension you pull, that's not where the hair's naturally gonna live. And as soon as you let it go or blow it dry, it springs up, goes everywhere, and you don't get a clean result. So make sure that everything is with as little tension as possible. If you don't even have to use a comb, like right here, I'm not even using a comb because the hair is falling the way I want it to. If I need to control it a little bit, then I hold it with the wide teeth of the comb just subtly, but again, don't pull the hair from where it wants to live. So notice I keep continually moving in that horizontal, slight diagonal forward way. And I'm following now that line, which is in line with the chin or the jawline, right? So look at the jawline and look at the part line. So notice that those mimic each other. I want the haircut to flow with the jawline. So as I'm cutting, I'm looking up and I'm looking at that parting as a reference point to make sure that I get the cut that I'm looking for. These are more advanced ways of thinking. Like every time you do a haircut, you gotta break things down even more. Like how am I parting the hair? How clean am I taking my sections? What's the angle of my scissor? What's the tension I'm putting on the hair? These are all things you have to think about to take yourself to the next level when you're cutting hair. So could you just pull it down and cut it? Could you do that angle without parting it in that angle? Yes, you can do all that stuff, but it's so important to just keep everything clean while you're working so that you get a better result every single time you cut somebody's hair. All right, and then I'll finish up my final, kind of bringin' down that final section and just cutting everything. Once a lot of your clients have layers in their hair, so it gets a little bit less dense in the top, so as I bring that down, it took a little bit thicker of a section, but still just following the line that I've created from the underneath. So now I just repeat it on the left side. Everything stays the same, guys, and now we're gonna go in and cut the fringe. Now this is really fun because this is a shattered fringe. I wanted to show you guys how to create this. My initial thought is I wanna figure out around what length I wanna take.  I section everything else away. Carve into that little piece to get the length that I want as a guideline. So now I can take down the rest of that section. I'm gonna pull it over top of the nose. Angle my fingers at about a 45 degree angle, and then I point cut in to give it that shattered effect. So what I'm really doing right now is removing length. That's the key, and I'm gonna go a little bit shorter in the dry portion of the cut, but I wanna remove the length, remove some of the density so it makes it easier for me when I go in with that dry cut. So notice I overdirect everything to that center point. It's really three sections. I cut the middle, and then I pull each side over to the center, and you get that curved effect in the fringe. Now that fringe is a little bit longer than what I want in the end result. So what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna style it now. I'm gonna use Palm Mitchell Quick Slip, one of my favorite products, very light hold. Keeps the hair nice and flexible, but nice and smooth and shiny as well. It also speeds up your blow-dry time, which is always a benefit in your home or in the salon. So I work the fringe back and forth. I do a flat wrap technique. My goal with this is to make sure that I'm just wrapping the hair around the head, which you'll see as I blow-dry that, and as it starts to dry, notice the curve of the hair that starts to happen naturally. Now it curves around the face. Gives it a more natural feel and natural lie. So when I go in and do my dry cutting, that's when I'll see the benefit of that because it's already gonna have that nice natural fall to it. So just work in both sides back and forth. Same thing in the back. Go one way, back the other way. That calic area in the top of the crown. I wanna do the same thing there. I'm not trying to blow-dry that up and unnatural. I wanna keep everything in its natural fall in the cut. Now I go in palmatule flexible style, hot off the press. Definitely top 10 product on my list. Love it, heat protectant has a little bit of hold, which is always nice, but it's not extreme. So I go in 80% dry the hair, spray hot off the press. Then I go in, finish it 100% dry, and then I go in with my smoothing iron and finish it that way. Now, notice I didn't grab my scissor to do this technique. I could, I could use the tip of the scissor and work my way around. In the salon, sometimes I like to just grab a clipper because it's a lot faster. I get this very similar result, pretty much the same result. Sometimes even better result using the clipper and I go through and I just define that line on the outer perimeter. Now we go in with the fringe. I'm gonna do slide cutting to remove length and density and start to create that choppy fringe. So the reason I took a lot of that length off and all of that at the beginning in the wet cut was just so I could have the ease of just sliding through here and really etching in that style that I want. So just pinching the hair, sliding and cutting. Half closing the scissor, sliding down the hair shaft and there you go. That's what we're trying to do. Now I'm gonna lift the hair up and I'll point cut a little deeper into it. That slide cutting takes some of the density out and then the point cutting is really gonna chop off those ends and make the bang just a little bit shorter. That's what I wanted it to be. There we go, got a little choppiness to it. It's almost the way I want it. And now a little tease cutting. Those of you guys who watch my videos for a long time, you know I love this technique. Just wanted to remove a little density from the sides of the hair, add a little bit of layering but invisible layers just to soften everything. This is definitely a textured look so it doesn't need to be so precise on the sides. And now I'm gonna finish it with Palm Mitchell, hold me tight, a nice firm hold hairspray. And then I really wanted to bring this into a little bit more of a modern style. So this wraps a little bit too much around her face. So I'm gonna go in and do a little bit more of a technique in there. But I'll get a little bit of the hot off the press on there and now I take my smoothing iron. This is the Palm Mitchell Express Ion style. And I just tweak it out just a little bit. So I put it in the iron and I twist out instead of around the face. That's gonna give me a more modern choppy feel to the style. So this is one of my favorite things to do at this point, especially with a blunt bob is just to create. You can see how choppy it looks. That to me makes it a little bit more modern. Now I go in, this is actually a barbering product but it's always good on a bob too. What's good in barbering is good on a bob. I go through, it's a dry paste and I just add a little bit of separation, a little bit of shine, kind of clump together some of that fringe area. Just gives it more texture and a fun look. So hope you guys liked this video. I definitely loved making this video for you. If you have any cutting or coloring requests, post those in the comments. Like always if you like this video then make sure you hit the like button, subscribe to the channel and share this video with all of your friends out there. And if you're looking for a stylist, a talented stylist, go to stylistlocator.com. That is our website that we are building to connect hairstylists with customers and customers with hairstylists to get the best results possible. Thank you guys so much for being a part of this community. Can't wait to share more videos with you guys. Thanks for watching.


YouTube, I hope everyone is doing well. I am very, very excited about this video. So as an influencer, obviously the pack with me, try on haul videos are quite popular. I don't think I've ever really done one. I am often not this organized before I leave for trips. Like I usually pack the night before, figure out what I'm wearing the night before. Sometimes I'll buy a few pieces, but not quite as organized as I am for this trip. So I thought that this would be the perfect time to do a little try on haul and show you guys what I'm bringing and then how I pack for the trip. Another reason why I really wanted to take you guys through all of the outfits that I'm packing is because this is a particularly special trip because I am heading to the UK for some special tennis tournament, starting with the Eastbourne International and then ending with Wimbledon, which some of you might be familiar with. I never expect you guys to know that much about tennis because I didn't know really a thing about tennis, but some of you might know what Wimbledon is just because it is probably one of the most famous tennis tournaments and it's also the most fancy tennis tournament. What Wimbledon is most known for, besides obviously the amazing tennis, there is quite a bit of court side style to Wimbledon, which makes it quite fun to get ready for, dress up for. So I wanted to put together some outfits and do a little more planning this trip. I honestly love getting dressed up even more now because I never really get dressed up that much anymore. I don't really go out. I work from home.  I don't often like put together outfits, like dressy outfits or anything anymore. So I really love getting dressed up for tennis tournaments. And sorry, if you didn't know this, my boyfriend is a professional tennis player and he is playing in Wimbledon. So I do travel with him quite a bit throughout the season to his tournaments. So I do have some amazing pieces that were gifted to me and then semi-purchased from Ralph Lauren, Reformation, Mage Paris, House of Studios, Revolve, Stodd, Self Portrait, Chloe. It's a really amazing collection of dresses and outfits and not to be annoying, but I'm not gonna show every single one of them. There are two dresses that I wanna save to show you guys when I'm at Wimbledon, kind of as like a surprise. One of the dresses is the most gorgeous dress I have like ever put on. It fits me like a glove. It is literally gorgeous. It is insane. And I'm really excited to show you guys and have it be like a little surprise when I'm there. But the other ones I am bringing, and I'm gonna be wearing, we're going to the Eastbourne International first and then Wimbledon second. So the outfits that I'm showing are for like the tournaments in like London before. So I'm really excited to get into this video with you guys. I hope you enjoyed.  And I'm not a very like neurotic packer at all. I kind of just pack. But I'll show you guys because I thought you might want to see. Okay, so I've kind of laid out my accessories that I'm bringing. Here are the glasses that I'm gonna bring. I have one more pair of these new Dolce Gabbana re-editions in black. I need to find them because I've been wearing them. Two pairs of the Lyspex. Guys, I actually just realized that I've had a pair of these since three years ago. But they're my favorites. You guys know I've been wearing them all summer. And then I have this Celine pair. These are also from Revolve to the brand Air. These are vintage. And then I'm bringing these press-ons. I'm gonna get a French manicure one because this blue I would only wear for like literally a day. But I actually did a brand deal with OPI press-ons last summer and they were these. And I've literally loved them ever since. Some MEJ hair clips. My Dairy Boy makeup pouch. And then I got these really pretty scrunchies and some bow stuff. This is like headbands and some ribbon to wear in my hair. This is the jewelry that I'm bringing. And then the perfumes that I'm bringing. So now for shoes. Definitely bringing these. These are my new Helsa Studios shoes. They're literally gorgeous. They've been on my Revolve favorites for a while now. Finally got them. I felt like they were very wimbledon. These are just like a classic Manolo Blanc. Just a very classic comfortable shoe. Been worn a ton. Probably gonna bring these too. Definitely gonna bring these. Then you guys know these Chloe heels that I like in every color are my favorite.  I might just bring the pink and the white. And then gonna bring, I think, those two. Okay, I already shared these on my Instagram story but how cute are these suitcases from Away? And they're like monogrammed. So I'm gonna use those, this trip to pack. Still figuring out what I think is my favorite suitcase. They all have their strengths. Rimoa's wheels are the best. I love their metal exterior. Steadically, I would probably say Rimoa but their organization zipper closing situation, they don't even have a zipper. I'm gonna put Rimoa on the bottom. I love Bays. Bays has sent me all of their luggage. Love Bays, I really don't know if they complain about them. And then now I'm trying Away. I will let you guys know. I'm on the mission to find the best luggage and I will let you guys know. I promise. Okay, I unpacked my whole carry-on so I could show you guys what I put in there. So starting with my sunglasses.  My favorite camera to shoot content on. This camera is for my vlogs, for my B-roll. Any high-quality videos taken on that. My favorite makes in Pearson brush, my Prusoul readers, Dairy Boy makeup bag that I'm gonna like put this stuff back in. This holds my passport and pens and stuff. My press on nails that I'm gonna put on the plane. A little first aid kit, my pills, passport, notebook, tide pen, wallet, AirPods, computer, my phone. Also I love bringing these noon hydration little drink things. They're like tablets that fizz in your drinks and it makes water taste so much better. I always drink way more water when I have these so I like to bring these. And it's all going in this bag.


We will try to understand these processes by one case study. In 2003, Hindalco was a upstream player in commoditized industry. It made aluminum, so its profit varied over time. We all know that in a commodity market, the price fluctuation happens much faster. And that fluctuation has a adverse impact on the forecasting and the profitability both of these organizations. So, it decided to add downstream operations as well. Downstream meaning converting aluminum into the aluminum products. So, to its portfolio to study the profit stream and reduce its dependence on the commoditized business. If commoditized market, if the commodity market has more fluctuation, consumer market has less fluctuation or a lesser fluctuation in the pricing. So, in order to cushion against the fluctuating commodity market, Hindalco decided to include organically or by acquiring the downstream operations as well. That is converting aluminum into the products like foil, can, etcetera. So, to that end, it acquired the two leading downstream companies in the aluminum industry. They acquired Hindal in India and Novelis in North America. So, this case study and the learnings arising out of that are taken from the article of Professor Nirmali Kumar on how emerging giants are writing the rules of the MNA published in the Howard Business Review. After acquiring Novelis, Hindalco prioritized its integration task. So, the first thing was financial integration. Hindalco quickly aligned the two companies financial reporting periods. It consolidated the quarterly results and ensured that both entities met the regulators guidelines. That was the first thing they did and which is called financial integration. The second integration this in this MNA Hindalco did was organizational integration. It kept Novelis people in all top management jobs there and sent just two of its own executives, a risk management and one a logistics expert to Novelis to help improve its global supply chain. So, this was initially the acquisition at the arms length. We have just discussed the meaning of the arms length acquisition versus full integrated acquisition. In the Hindalco Novelis case, Hindalco after acquiring Novelis decided not to interfere much in the day to day functioning of Novelis and that is why they did not sent out the dozens of executives to manage and head their departments. They sent out only two people who were supposed to help Novelis to strengthen its supply chain and look at the risk management when they make a business decision. Third stage in this acquisition was business process integration. That means there are processes about marketing, operations, quality, logistics and many many other things. So, one example how they have done the business process integration, Hindalco established a company in India to handle Novelis IT system. So, the standard company which was scattering to the IT requirements are only of the Novelis and in this way they leveraged the availability of the inexpensive engineers in India and they set up a in house IT support system for Novelis almost as an independent entity. This is one example of how business process integration can result into. In fact, it also resulted into shutting down some plants, clubbing some of the projects so that the upstream business and downstream business can remain integrated. Then comes the stage of the market integration. Hindalco projected that India's demand for aluminum product would double from 2007 to 2012 and it actually happened almost happened. Half of the increase would be for the flat rolled products Novelis produces. It planned for India to absorb one third of Novelis output in three years. It also supplies aluminum can manufacturers in India with the flat rolled aluminum for from Novelis planned in the South Korea. When volumes increase it will set up a flat rolled aluminum plant in India. So, this is one example how the market for the Novelis and Hindalco were integrated. We need to look at another very important aspect of MNA and particularly in the case of Hindalco. We should not think that Hindalco acquired this Novelis and this happened without any prior experience it was not so. And in fact, some research studies suggest that prior experience of MNA build the capability to carry out the MNA process more effectively. So, if we look at this graph we will see that acquisition of the various aluminum companies have been the way of functioning or an organic growth for Hindalco since 2000. Novelis itself is a organization which is even bigger than Hindalco, but they were successful in acquiring that organization. We should not think that it was the first acquisition of Hindalco and they became successful. If we look at the track record of Hindalco for last 20 years we will see that the first acquisition in the aluminum sector done by Hindalco was of Anpuna file. They learned in the process about how to bid, how to negotiate, how to integrate the companies in India. Through this acquisition they learned how to turn around a small Indian company in a receivership. Then they acquired Niti and Mount Gordon in 2003. These are the Australian firms and this acquisition helped the Hindalco learn how to take over turn around and operate companies in the developed countries. It also taught Hindalco how to list the companies on the stock exchange abroad and manage the investors relationship. We all know that dynamics of the investors relationship and shareholders small and big shareholders are different in different kind of markets. So, in the by acquiring the companies in Australia Hindalco learned about these dynamics in the developed market. Then in 2005 they acquired a pulp mill in Canada. This acquisition helped the organization to learn how to manage a global supply chain as a buyer and as a seller. So, they were able to learn how to manage the price fluctuation and the foreign exchange risk across countries. In 2006 they acquired another company in Canada and in 2007 this famous Novelis acquisition took place. They learned the how to acquire, assimilate the and de-list the companies in North America and they also learned how to manage a large HR incentive HR intensive multinational operations. So, we can see that the learning capability of successful M&A is being acquired by Hindalco by a small and medium size acquisitions before they went for very large size M&A. Now, what is the situation current financial situation? This acquisition is generally considered successful both organizations acquired new markets for their products and Novelis in fact very recently in the recent quarter provided a bright spark with the EBITDA rising 5 percent to 374 million it is higher ever as the North American operations performed very well. So, volumes of the Novelis also increased by 3 percent. On a standalone basis Hindalco including Uthkal alumina which is the recent acquired suffered a 77 percent fall in the net profit to rupees 167 crore into the exceptional loss of 31 crore, but this the performance of the Novelis actually provided the cushion to the Hindalco. So, we can say that it has been a successful acquisition both organizations were able to access the new market they were able to integrate lot of their business processes and market share though initially the share price went down which generally happens immediately after any margin and acquisition the share price of the Hindalco went up and currently it is hovering at the 200 rupees level. So, currently the share of the Hindalco is being traded at 200 rupees. We need to understand that MNA is a complicated job. So, natural question was should organization do a small MNA should organization acquire or merge smaller entities or more number of smaller entities or they should look for a big size merger and acquisition to be successful and to be profitable. So, the question is should organization merge or acquire a smaller entities in larger number or they should merge or acquire a large entity in a singular or in a limited number to attain the business success. Research says that companies that regularly and systematically pursue moderately size MNA deliver better shareholder returns than companies that do not. So, the key lessons of this session about the stages of MNA are as follows. We need to understand that MNA requires involvement and activities at several fronts and it is useful to prioritize these activities in the form of financial integration, organizational integration, business process integration and market integration. Most of the time MNA decisions are driven by strategic logic. Strategic logic generally do not get translated into the business logic or profitability scenario. That is why large number of MNA probably more than 50 percent of the MNA they do not realize the potential which is thought to be at the planning stage of the MNA. So, key thing is that after the strategic logic, after making the strategic vision, after establishing the competitive advantage reasoning, organizations have to do the financial integration first for the MNA to be successful. Along with that they need to start the organizational integration. Business process integration is the key thing through which a cost saving promises can be realized and then comes the market integration. Market different stakeholders and the customers must be getting the non confusing signals and so that their trust in the organization should increase rather than decrease after MNA. Field of OD and OD practitioner can play very important role in all these stages. We looked at how OD practitioner and the field of OD can be so helpful in the pre-combination stage. If we look at these four aspects of the integration as articulated by Professor Nirmali Kumar, OD practitioner can be extremely helpful and the field of OD can be extremely useful in the organizational integration. Nonetheless, the field of OD can be useful in the business process integration as well. By facilitating the management teams of the acquiring and acquired entities, they can indirectly influence the market integration as well. OD in MNA situation can use various types of intervention which we have studied in the course thus far. We if you remember we studied individual level intervention, team level intervention and strategic intervention, organizational level intervention. In the MNA, OD practitioners have to use individual level intervention for the leaders to articulate their strategy and vision for the MNA. OD can help in the group level intervention by identifying by helping the management to create the MNA team, make the team function well, facilitating that team to be effective in their role. So, OD practitioners in this way can help a great deal in facilitating various teams to be effective in their role. OD practitioners and the field of OD can be extremely useful and cultural due diligence and talent due diligence. They can also be helpful in overseeing the OD intervention and identifying the right assessment and criteria to track the success of MNA. Thank you.


Fubis, come here! Fublers! Whee!     Come here, Mika! Come here, get your wiener out of here! Come here! Come here, come here, come here, come here! Come here! I'm putting peanut butter?  Oh, yeah!  Come here, this is so rude. How the turntables... This one is a fiend. Mika is a fiend, bro. Pardon me? Shake! Bro, you need to chill. What?! Hold up. Okay, Fubi. Now get out of my way. I have to clap some cheeks in 2K21 next year. Whee! Seattle Super Sonics today! Yes, I have a bad habit of wearing this shirt way too often, but it fits the theme. This is 2K. I can do this. Oh, look who wants to join. Look who wants to join. Mika, where's your wiener? Yeah! Ladies and gentlemen, I think yesterday's win was my absolute favorite win. And we went on like a 12-0 run. Absolutely clapped his cheeks in the end of that game. Either way, my point is, you haven't seen that one. It's one of my favorites, so definitely check it out. Our team, D-Rose, Devin Booker, Carmelo Anthony, Dirk Novitsky, Patrick Ewing, Lynn Sanity, John Morant, Bo... Is it Bojan?  Fuck! Bogdanovich. Bojan Bogdanovich, Chris Bosch, and Anthony Davis. I gotta say, I actually think my pronunciations are better in NBA than the NFL pronunciations. My NFL pronunciations end up being horrible. Namdi Asamwa. That's the name? Namdi Asamwa? Guys, for today's wheel spin, I don't know. Bogdanovich is actually alright, so maybe I don't want to play some. I'd like to replace Chris Bosch. That would be pretty good. Western Conference! Let's go! I'm pretty much been getting all Eastern Conference stuff. I love to see the Western Conference. Anything that's not a dark matter. So Pink Diamond or Galaxy Opal from the Western Conference. So let's start with the Galaxy Opals. Let's look at Power Formants. Kuzma. I thought he played for the Shanghai Sharks. I didn't know that counts as the Western Conference. Paul George would be kind of sick. I would not mind having a Paul George. You know, I think Paul George would be significantly better than Bogdanovich off the bench, too, because Paul George has got clamps. Let's actually look at small forwards instead. There's a Bron. Jay Crowder would actually be sick. Iguodala would be dope, too. I really like Iguodala, actually. I like him in most two-case. I think Jay Crowder is probably better. I feel like who I really want, though, is Yao Ming. I love Yao Ming so much. I'm definitely going Yao Ming. That would be fire. And then I'll move Anthony Davis a power forward and Yao Ming to my back-up center. I love that.  It would look like this Chris Bosch is better, but just based on height, he's not. Height is so important. You know what? Why am I saying that like I know what I'm talking about? That might not be true. I just want Yao Ming. I can put the gritches on him. Let's go. This is my favorite shoe in the world. All right. Team is ready to rock and roll. We're six and three. So here's the cheat sheet. I'm feeling really good. So technically, the 1,000-bush upstream is still possible. I did tell you guys last episode, I'm going to do a really cool stream after all this anyway. I'll let you know when I'm doing that. But most likely, we're going to land on recite video essay or one tweet of your choosing. Put some thought to either what I need to say in the video essay or what you guys want me to tweet out. I feel like the way that we'll vote on it is let's say it's one tweet.  If they're absolutely horrible, I won't even consider them. I'm sorry. They have to be borderline horrible. And then I'm going to heart a bunch of them in the comments. I'll heart like 10 of them. And then to vote just like or didn't like the comment, whichever comment has the most likes, that'll be what I go with. So that'll be the same for the video essay. So if you guys read out a paragraph of what you want me to say, don't do it yet. Because we don't know how many losses I have yet, but that'll be in the finale. So keep that in mind. I'll let you know at the end of the finale, but just start brainstorming. Six and three. Let's hop into another game. I'm feeling really good. We just beat a really good squad last time. Also going to do a little unboxing today. So a huge thank you to Harry's for sponsoring today's video. They sent me another trial set. I've worked with them for a while. If you're not included in, Harry's is a personal care brand. They deliver a close, comfortable shave for as low as just $2 per refill. Plus they support great causes as they give 1% of their global sales to nonprofit organizations such as men, veterans, and LGBTQ plus youth. Let's see this in the box. Hi there. The blade itself. The shave gel. Full travel case. Super clutch. And some tips. I got orange today. Look at that. Let's go. Now as you guys may or may not know, I actually shave before every single video. So we're starting here. I'm Santa. Look at that, boy. Okay. I'm going to finish up here and then I'll see you in there. I have to do it. I do not like how I look with facial hair. It's just not for me. So it's super important that I don't get razor burn. The worst thing in the world, it's so itchy. It looks so bad. And that's probably my favorite thing about Harry's razors. They're incredibly high quality and I know I'm going to get a clean, comfortable shave every time. That's the biggest thing. Plus $2 per refill is a great price. So you can get this trial set that I just showed you for only $3. That is an absolute steal. It's harrys.com forward slash mmg. Redeem your trial set for just $3 or you can get $5 off any shave set. Again, that's harrys.com forward slash mmg. Harrys, thank you so much for sponsoring, guys. Enjoy the rest of the video. Ooh. I like what he's got here.  We're going to go up and get the green. That was kind of contested. He's playing true James Harden basketball here.  I am out of position. Is that Iguodala? All right. Yup. Good clamps he's got. Is this Allen Iverson? Oh, good follow. That was a genius follow, bro. You were screwed. Good pump. Good pump and dirt. Oh, for the poster. Yeah, Allen Iverson up here. I like his team. James Harden Allen Iverson, Andrei Iguodala. He should be passing to Ewing. A little late. And he drove it out of bounds. Hey, great defense. I should have gone in. No way. I feel like D-Rose could almost post up Allen Iverson. Oh, absolute.  Well, pump fake here. He's on James Harden. I was trying to guard mellow. He doesn't have. Oh, he did have mellow. He did have mellow. Got up in his grill. Kind of late. Wow, dude. I'm about to be in the bonus. That's his third personal. Strap season. That was guarded too, but Yao Ming is just too big. I love you. I love you, Yao Ming. You're literally my father.  Ewing is wide open. That's a bucket. That's my fault.  I'm going to do them up. I'm going to do them up for the end one. Nope. I remember this free throw being pretty good too. Maybe not. I didn't look that good there. All right. Yao Merant is in. Oh, can we just blow by? Get a little pumper. Another pump fake. Got him jumping. One more jump. And oh, without a lot of penalties there. Excellent, excellent defense. We're playing really good defense right now. That's why we're staying in this. Yao Merant is wide. That's such a good release.  Oh, was that Jeremy Lin who got up like that? Oh my God. My Asians are going so ham. I knew I loved Asian women. Oh, bro. Dude, I got the Asian squad. I didn't even realize I got Jeremy Lin and Yao Ming. Yo, shout out all my Asian subscribers. If you have an Asian sister, hit me up. Oh my gosh. I'm going to edit that out. Man. James Harden, you're going to get bullied. Oh my God. He's so good about his follows. Two points. Doesn't matter how I get it. Assuming I strap this. Yup. Two points either way. Mine. Let's go. I knew it. I'm like another W, bro. Oh, cut to the hoop. Get the hoop. I didn't. You did not just get bodied in the paint by Chris Paul. Oh, get up.  Let's go D-Rose. We got to be doing more of that, bro. Keep crossing over until they walk straight to the hoop. Ooh, that is a bucket. Bed defense. We got a little mismatch down here, boys. He's got nerk. It's trying to guard the go. Oh, get a step through. Oh, how do you step through? Because that was absolutely a step through scenario, but I just don't know how to do it. Whoa. Whoa. My ankle's are broken. No. Yes. Yes. The Grinch is redemption.  Oh, I feel obligated to get a bucket right here with Devin Booker. That's such a good shot. It's on the game.  That's a bucket. Damn. You just cut it to three. Okay. See, like you're wide open. 13% covered. I guess it isn't wide open. I got to breathe, bro. I got to calm down. That was a horrible shot. That's great. All the way to the rock. Okay. Okay. I thought it was going to be a dunk. It's a layup, but it is a bucket. We're starting a run right here. I don't care. Great defense. Yep. Run begins. The run begins. The run begins. Let's go, Devin Booker. Use that body. It is now a 4-0 run after I hit both of these. Yes, sir. 4-0 run. Ooh. Great defense. I knew exactly what it was going for. No. That's supposed to be it. See, like that. That. Ooh. That's what I was trying to do the last few times. Get out on it.  Instagrenches, baby. Oh my God. I can't believe he just did that. That was so contested. Dude's got no time. Excellent defense. That's a shot clock. Oh, he doesn't get time for a shot clock. Yep. Yeah. Devin Booker. Dude, that's got to be his takeover, right? I can't believe that's not his takeover. 12-2 run. That's what I'm talking about. I intentionally make the shot harder because it gets me way hornier. There must be a way to tell my players to cut to the hoop. Oh, okay. I'll take a free bucket. Oh. I'm going to hedge off the screen and just go straight to the rack. Bop. Big time. That double team. Ooh. Just got to jump long. It is Patrick Ewing versus Chris Paul on the jump. If I don't get this, I will just take the L. I'm serious. I'll just quit out. Here. I actually... Okay. I tipped it out of Chris Paul's hands. Like, I played that correctly. My team didn't get the ball after, but I didn't lose the jump. Okay. Ooh.  Mellow. Raining, bro. Raining. How much time do I have? 2.2? Derek Rose gets it up and puts it. All the way to the rack. Oh, my God. Oh, my bucket. I'm about to get the takeover with Mellow. No. You're not going to score because I don't even know who that... Is that Devon Booker just came in the game? Damn. Damn. I'm sorry. You're not getting a Steve Nash 3. It's going to put me up by 16 if I can hit both. Bingo.  Get up. No. A little too late. I should have taken it with Booker when I had the shot. Oh, D-Rose all the way. That's a bucket. Ooh. What? He grabbed me while I was up in the air. He greens that. That's what I'm talking about, Jeremy Lin. Do it. Pulse the 3. Leaning. Damn it. I need to set my feet, bro. Let's use this whole clock to get a great shot from Jeremy Lin. I don't know how that happened. No. That was such good deed. Devon Booker. Not again. Oh. Wait. D-Rose's first 3. That is the first 3 he's ever shot. There he did. Ooh. Okay. I don't know. Ah. Off the easy. Yup. Yup. Tamelo. Ooh. The reverse. That was sick. On T-Max's head. Man, let's go. Back-to-back rage quits. Are you kidding me? The 2K rage quit wheel. Let's get it, baby. Let's get it, baby. I don't really know what I need, but I'll take whatever I can get. Come on, baby. Come on. Come on. Let me see it. Is that 30KMT? I would say that's mediocre, but 30KMT can actually go pretty far with how this market is right now. I think I want Bogdanovich. I want anyone better than Bogie. Let's look at small forwards for 30K. Jimmy Butler would be kind of sick. Paul Pierce would be kind of cool. You know, Jimmy Butler's not that good, but instead of being LeBronsexual, I'm going to go with Jimmy Butler just so I refrain from being a LeBronsexual. Jimmy Butler, a little bit undersized, but I think it could be fun, and I definitely like him better than Bogdanovich. The only white Europeans I want are Dirk Mavitsky and Lukajic.  Maybe Yokech. Yokech is kind of cool. Is that Dark Matter? Wait, is that Jimmy Butler? Is it Dark Matter? 99 lateral quickness. That's nasty. I love that.  He's got 993 mid and close. Is Driving Dung his a 97? Okay, I made the right choice. I'm so excited about that. We're officially 7 and 3. We're hot right now. So I could recite a video essay.  Without a point right now, I very well could. All right, boys. I love you. That is episode 10 in the books. Two episodes left. That's it. Two episodes left. Episode 11 should be a good one as well. And then we have the finale where I'll drop some exciting news. And after that, you'll see a live stream. So excuse me. No matter what, I love you. I'll see you in the next episode. Peace out.


Welcome to another video. So in light of my uncovered campaign, I thought we'd do something a little bit pragmatic and positive, which is to cook some alternatives for people to eat other than animal products. And we bought it in the big guns. We've got Derek Sarno here from Wicked Kitchen. How you going Derek? I'm really good. Awesome to hang out and actually cook with you, Joey. Finally, other than following you and doing the, watching your amazing work, I'm super excited to actually cook for you now. So this is Deza's kitchen.  Yeah. Name, but you know, that's great. But we're in your kitchen here and what have we got here today? What are we going to do today? Like we've got some breakfast-y stuff it looks like. Yeah, so in any kind of a pork replacement, we have these new Wicked Kitchen breakfast patties and I'm going to show you how to make in amazing, super easy breakfast sandwich that you can either take with you or say, you know, you can make extra, which will make extras. We can eat right away and you can save it for later. Oh, that look good. Did we get a close up of these patties? Check them out. And you got your own tofu now? Yeah, you've made it when you've got your own tofu, dude. That's when, you know, when you've got your own tofu, that's a vegan's dream. All right, well, let's get rocking. All right guys, so we're going to make these breakfast sandwiches and I'm going to have you help me out a little bit. I'm going to tell you, will you please cut this? So I have this knife, you can cut these in half for me. Do you trust me with this knife? I trust you here, do me a favor. Let me see this for a second. I'm going to open the tofu. It's the easiest way. Nice, nice. There you go, now you can cut those. So one thing, Joey, a lot of people, they take, they buy these gadgets to press tofu. You know, this is a, first off, this is a medium firm tofu. It's not a firm tofu. So one of the differences of why it's much creamier and it's a little bit better for an egg replacement. Uh-huh. So that's why I like- It's got that egg texture. Yeah. And as far as instead of buying gadgets to press tofu, I just use my hand. Why waste the money on buying a gadget when you can just do this? Yes. And I don't mind a little bit of water in there because, you know, it's packed in water. I don't know why we have to try to escape it all the time. So thank you for doing that. Now I'm going to have you do me a favor. Super, just butter them. Butter each side, butter them really well. So let me show you here, quick. So just butter it. Oh! Super well. That's naughty. Yeah. And then I'm going to crank on the stove. And what have we got for butter, actually? We've got the Vitalite Dairy-Free Plant-Based Deliciousness. And people can get them from any shop. They're local Tesco. Yep. I do most of my shopping at Tesco since I work for Tesco. Yeah, tell us, what do you do at Tesco? So I am the Chef Director of Plant-Based Innovation. So what I do is I develop all the Wicked Kitchen brand and I also help develop all the Plant Chef brand and help with just lead all the teams within their plant-based. So any category within the store always has a plant-based representation now, always is on all the briefs. Like whatever's coming out new, we try to make sure there's a plant-based alternative throughout the store. Because you know, there was this point where Tesco took this massive turn and I was like, look how vegan it is in here. 2018, yeah, exactly. The Wicked Range. The Wicked Range is completely vegan. So you're completely safe here. They've got a lasagna. If you want meals already done, the Wicked Range is amazing. Go Tesco, look at this one, go Tesco. Dude, you started cranking it in there. I was like, wow. So I'm gonna oil the pan a little bit. I like using cast iron pans because of the even heat and I love the weight of it. And then I also, I always have two because I do a lot of cooking with mushrooms and pressing mushrooms. So maybe we'll do one of those soon. So what I did was cut the tofu into fours. I cut it in half and then cut it in half again. So there's each piece. So we'll make four sandwiches and there's four of these patties. So once this pan heats up enough, I'm gonna add, I'm gonna season the tofu but I'll season it on the pan and we're gonna season it with a little bit of, what am I got? I got some garlic. Sorry, I don't know my, when I don't have my glasses on, you're gonna see me squinting. So I have garlic and onion granulators. I really like using the granulated because I can touch it, feel it, and it's not powdery. It doesn't burn as fast and is easy. I'm gonna add a little bit of salt to the pan and that'll tell me if it's hot enough once you hear a sizzle. Yeah, it's getting there, so. That's a little trick there. For me it is, yeah. Season the oil and then you know also at the same time that temperature's up to. For me, it's either that or water. So I'm gonna also add the breakfast patties right to this. We'll probably do a couple at a time. So these are supposed to be sausage.  Exactly. Because people actually, like, I mean being vegan now for eight years kind of bends my mind out that people actually eat peaks for breakfast. Yeah, it's a little crazy. So this has got that, you know, sausage-y kind of feel and flavor without the poor animal in it. All right, so we're just starting to sear off these. I'm just gonna do a quick flip.  They're super good, man. They're so succulent and they're just good. And then I have the tofu going. I'm just gonna do a quick flip here. You don't have to go crazy and cook them a lot, but I do like that crispy skin on the tofu. So what I'm gonna season this with as well is to make that eggy flavor is I use black salt. Uh-huh. So, kala na ma, kala na ma. The black salt, where do people get that from? I got it from like a specialty store or I ordered it on Amazon. A lot of grocery stores don't sell it yet. I'm gonna work on it, but you can smell that. It just smells like sulfur. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Eggy smell, you know? And tofu's got that, it's like the perfect egg placement. But when you put this on there, it really is all out. It is.  Ah, yeah, yeah. You know, in the morning I don't, I'm not fast. On a video, maybe we could do it, but you know, hey, this is really, this is exactly, exactly. So the tofu's looking good. I'm just gonna move the tofu off and we're putting on this pan here just so you can see. I have this other pan here. I always tend to use these baking sheets because it helps with the cleanup. I don't have to clean up so much. So I have that there. Two of these would be done. So I'm just gonna set them here and we'll cook off those two. And while those two are cooking, I like, so I used to work in breakfast joints when I was younger. So always the trick is to grill the... Ah, look at that. Is that getting that? That is... Grill the, yeah, on top of here. And that was, that's why you said go thick with the butter. Yeah, yeah, because that'll grill in that flavor. It makes it super moist and just like you're eating at McDonald's, you know, if you're, you know, our replacement for a sausage egg and cheese. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Because I didn't give up animal products because I didn't like the taste. I gave up, I gave up because of the same reason you... I used to smash those sausage McMuffins from McDonald's. Exactly. So now we can just make our own. Yeah. Yeah, I mean, of course, people always say, well, why are you trying to replicate like sausage? Because it's tasty. We don't want like an animal suffering to death for it. Exactly, exactly. I totally do. Yeah, so I just want a little bit of color on this. And then you can see this looks awesome. Oh, look at the golden. So it's nice and we're gonna toast them. So we have one, two there. You know, we have a couple more. The golden muffin. We're cooking for the whole crew here. Should we get four of them we're doing?  Yeah. Well, this is in a, we're in the UK right now, the land of wicked amongst other things. It's a wicked. But like, say people in the US, Australia, in Europe, what about Europe? In Europe, I know there's other brands out there, whether you can find a frozen replacement or if you just take a plain vegan burger, you can also season it, sausage seasoning. So a sausage seasoning to me would be grinding up a little bit of fennel. Some of the garlic granulars here, onion granular, a little bit of, if you want it, like breakfast sausage tends to have a little spice, so a little bit of red pepper flake. You know, we can write that in the recipe down below, whatever you get, however you post this, we can share that. So you can get a vegan burger and it can imitate a vegan sausage. Exactly. Which also imitates, you know, so it's like a bit of inception there. Exactly, there's only one, you know, the pork companies are starting to come out now, like there's OmniPork that's out. Beyond have got to like a pork sausage, if you can get that, but like... Yeah, in America they do, I haven't seen it here. Well, it's in Starbucks in the UK, because I've tried it the other day and I was like, whoa. Good? Yeah, it was good. So I'm just gonna finish these off.  And there's some pretty good vegan bacon as well, around like, I like a bit of this isn't bacon. Richmond Foods also have a pretty good vegan bacon in the UK and... I prefer the Richmans or even the Naked, which is good. The Naked, yeah. Nice. So check out the vegan bacons, they're getting really good actually. For Maki, you can make your own. And so we have a Wicked Healthy Cookbook, we have a whole section on how to make different vegetables into bacon, and tofu into bacon, rice paper into bacon, you can pretty much, it's all about the flavoring. Frankie. Frankie? Who's Frankie? Oh my Lord. There you go, that's for you. Frankie, can we get a shot so people can see Frankie? Hello, Joey. Got some cheese for you. This is the follow your heart cheese, the smoked cheese. Oh dear. Oh, look at your beautiful, beautiful fur. So silky. Frankie. So funny, Frankie. Okay, so what I like to do now is I'll just lay it all out there, just for a second. And so you just build them.  Yeah, another piece of cheese. But that's how we build them, yeah? So if you can peel off that cheese and cut it one and break it in half, and just put half on there like I did. Sweet, yeah, tofu, and then another one on the other. There you go, yes. Oh, we're like, wait, you're criss-crossing them? Yeah, we're just- Yeah, yeah, that's great. Then what I like to add is I have this, we make this Baconay's flavored mayo. So I'm actually, oh yeah, that's, I've tried that. It's good, it's good. And it just adds more flavor. So in mayo, it's just gonna add that nice fatty- It's bacon, vegan Baconay's. Baconay's, vegan mayo. What's this cheese here? Fully hot. This is the Follier Heart, smoked Gouda. Smoked Gouda. Smoked Gouda. So I'm just gonna add a little bit of this Baconay's. Oops, just a little bit. Now you can add hot sauce, you could add sriracha, you could add barbecue sauce. I'm not a ketchup fan, so I would not add ketchup, but I know people like it, but I just don't, I can't do it. You know, in England, they got this stuff called Brown Sauce. They do. And they see it as like, it's like blasphemy not to have brown sauce with like a breakfast. Right. It is like this war between ketchup and brown sauce over here. It gets real dangerous. So you see that? We have them all ready to go. Wow. And you can make these ahead of time. It's amazing. So if you're having company over, I just get them all set up like this and then we just pop them in there. And you heat them up when you need them. Exactly. So that'll take a good 10 minutes. I always do, everything I heat on is 200 degrees Celsius on fan or convection in America. So that's around 400 degrees Fahrenheit in America. This is gonna just take a minute. So like, let's just say, like I'm a single bloke and I'm like, well there you go and I'm like, so what you do is just set them up.  Exactly. Have a cup of coffee and put one in the oven. See, easy. So with a pack of four, I usually will make four and I'll have one every morning. Some days, admit I might have breakfast, lunch and dinner. So I'll just eat the same thing. It's eating like a vegan king over here, mate. I'm gonna have to move in. Try to. You've got to spare room here, mate, or what? I do. I do for special guests, Joey. Vegan mufflins every morning. What are you saying? Then I just like to always clean up while that's in the oven. Everything's all nice and tidy and clean and it's just off to work after this, you know? Wow. All right, so it's been a couple of minutes, like five minutes, right? Okay. Now you just have to pull these babies out. Yeah, yeah. This is like a great review. Yeah, it's awesome. They smell, smells delicious. Yeah, I'm gonna, ooh, they're spicy and they're hot. So now if you, you could easily, I'll take how many you want.  They're really hot right now, so you need to let them sit for a second. Oh. I might have to get a picture of my phone here quick. Just like, wanna tell you guys, like the smell right now is like warm muffins, butter. Deliciousness. You know, sausage and melted cheese, that's the smell. I'm gonna take a picture quick with the camera guy in the back. There you go. Nice. Wow. Smells good. So it is time for a taste test, but. You gotta eat. Yeah, but I thought because we have off-camera, Jimmy the sound guy, Jimmy the sound guy is not vegan. So I thought, well, we've been vegan for a while. We know what this stuff's kind of taste like. So let's go, Jimmy. Jimmy, a non-vegans perspective here. Hello, Jimmy. What are you gonna say? You're gonna say good things, Jimmy. You choose one. Okay. You do you. Here it goes. Look at that. I have to get you a napkin on the other side. It's good. But it's delicious, no? That's really good right there. Yeah, sorry. I know because I've eaten so many of them. The tofu is so nice and tender, immersive with everything. Gorgeous. And you were a chef for a while, and chefs do be honest, don't they? Yeah, yeah, I wouldn't like. So this is really, really something else. And it's messy, which is good. Exactly. Beautiful. I'll put hot sauce though. You want some hot sauce? I got hot sauce. Yeah, yeah. Check it out, mate. Living the dream here. We live the dream here. We live the dream. Look, they have this new Sriracha, the Tabasco Sriracha. It's good if you like that. Help yourself. No ketchup in the house. I wouldn't have ketchup with this. I think it's perfect. That's good. Yeah, but I like the spicy sauces too. See? Good news. I'll give you that $100 later for that review. No, we're already joking. That was a real review. Cheers, man. Cheers. Let's go. Frankie. That's good, man. That sausage is flavoursome. Sometimes I make it with a whole half of tofu, so it's much more. But when you want to make four, yeah, Frankie, what's your opinion? Oh, that was very gentle. You said you had many. Yes. Well, a calcium. Good stuff. All right, so that's been what would you call these sandwiches? All-day breakfast sandwiches. All-day breakfast sandwich extraordinaire. Yeah. By the man himself, Derek Sano, from With Your Kitchen. So thank you for tuning in. We've got some more recipes coming, so stay tuned for the next episode. Yeah, thanks, Joey. No worries. Cheers, man. Bye. It's like taking vegan egg to the next level. Don't mind if I do. This is going to be essential. Wow, dude. There's so much flavour in that.


The study aimed to assess the vaccination rate and influencing factors among college students in mainland China, finding that HPV vaccine coverage is low on economic affordability, awareness of HPV infection and belief in the effectiveness of the vaccine are significant influencing factors for vaccination.


Hey there friends. Thanks for checking in shot show 23 was pretty fun. I had a great time I saw a lot of guns met some amazing people way better than last year last year was horrible I called it boring adult pencil few guns not much going on Low energy this year they turned it around and many more manufacturers came out There was a lot to see and a lot of people to talk to so I had a great time But there were some things however, I did not see and I want to discuss that However, there were some great guns that I really want to get my hands on first the car arms double-stack I made a video on this Introducing it and it's coming and it brought a lot of excitement people said we've waited for years We're really looking forward to a car arms double-stack it actually had some features that we're not going to expect but I think we'll find them advantageous and Be be happy and I'm getting the first review with the new car arms Secondly, Coast St. Arms with the cost 21 the 2011's are super huge now I saw a lot of them a lot of people love that in 9 millimeter high capacity low recoil Accuracy and everything that a full-size 1911 offers and subcompax too and so the cost 21 I sat down with Greg Mooney With Coast St. Arms and he showed me one of his handguns that had a hundred thousand rounds through it And it's still running fine as aluminum frame beautiful handgun And I really want to get that in 9 millimeter next Rossi came out with a new revolver called the RP 63 Now the very first revolver I ever purchased was a Rossi and it was inexpensive But these updated ones are great and what I like about it is it has the firing pin on the hammer Like the originals, but since stainless steel 3 inch barrel 357 Magnum the one you see here has G10 grips, but it's gonna come standard with a rubber grip and I Really like wood drips on revolver. So if I get the opportunity to change that out I'm going to do that once I get my hands on one next the Ruger GP 100 I made a video. I said, I really want to get this gun. I checked it out and I want to get it even more It's got a 4.2 inch barrel 357 Magnum 7-shot beautiful revolver. I'm taking a elevated interest in Revolvers this year and I am so excited. I have to beef up my ammo supply because I plan to purchase and review and and shoot and enjoy more revolvers Sar arms is coming out with three new models and one is a four inch revolver that things cool Another is a Sar 9 that is souped up from the originals called the socom It has all the updated features even a gen 3 trigger That's a little bit softer than the Sar 9 which has a great trigger But the socom is great and then they came out with a subcompact we Made aware of that a while back and then It kind of went away, but now they're actually bringing them to the US and will be on the US market very shortly Alpha Foxtrot has a S15 Okay, I reviewed that but now they have the Gen 2 model that's optic ready and has a couple other things really looking forward to that and Lit Free Armory has a 2011 called the Apollo 11. That's pretty cool, too It's not quite to the level of co-saint or staccato or many of the other ones, but It just felt Okay, but I still want to check it out. Once again, it's optic ready full-size five inch barrel and It looks super cool in terms of long guns The 5150 rifle he is debuting a Keith Berry very innovative guy It made a video on that a lot of people loved it. Some people said well, you know, I want this I want that there are people out there that say I want innovation, but there is nothing that will make them happy But most of the viewers when I made that review with Keith talking about his rifles a Lot of people said that's great. I'm gonna look further into that and the AK AR hybrid that is available with AK mags With the very nice take down. It's very different. No push through pins or anything like that and The accuracy I am told is second to none So I'm really looking forward to that and also a Rossi lever gun and 44 Magnum Nobody saw this coming. I didn't see it coming Rossi came out with the lever gun and 44 Magnum it's got the the wide loop there and Hey, what can we say lever guns are a ton of fun? They are a sanction of Taurus now. What did I not see I? Was looking forward to some shotguns. I really wanted to check out some new shotguns There wasn't many new shotguns there were hardly any I was I was looking for this And then when I saw this one that looked like the DP 12 it had two barrels and I believe six Around magazine tubes and everything. I was checking it out. I'm like I need to get this It was super heavy though, and I was told that it is not available in the US and will not be coming to the US So I just let that go didn't see much in shotguns at all but I Really looked for 30 super carry guns chambered and 30 super carry and I saw zero So we've got the Smith models and we've got the Who else made it? 1911 I can't even think of it right now 30 super carry. I'm telling I talked about this on video. I said 30 super carry I don't believe is going to have a future in the gun world great concept good ideas It's just not what people are looking for until that price comes down on the ammo and more Firearms or chambered and 30 super carry it could have a future But I was looking for that to see if there was any indication The manufacturers were jumping on the 30 super carry bandwagon and they're just not they're not at all primarily 9 millimeter and 45 and some 380s out there Okay, and some really cool revolvers and 357. So there's a lot to look forward to I don't see much in terms of Shotguns or 30 super carry. So we'll see what happens a lot of times these manufacturers they hold off even after shot show because they want to make their grand introduction and And I get that but Chachot is where it's at. That's where people, you know, get most of their attention People I one of the things that kind of irritated me I don't care if it was a rifle a handgun even shotguns or anything else. Oh like every person at shot show Like every every time you you pass every Hmm Every one and and then I found myself doing it. So I guess it's not too unusual at least Maybe it is I'm just on board with that. But it's a little bit different. But that was shot show 2023 I enjoyed it. I enjoyed the people I was able to hang out with I enjoyed the firearms and I think that The future is bright and firearms. I'm not so sure with other things as far as the future goes But that's a separate video for a different time. I Can't wait to get these guns and I can't wait to show you guys How fine they are. I hope I hope they're fine if you like videos like this, please subscribe and share I always appreciate thumbs up button. Thanks for watching and you guys be safe