Good morning everyone, I am happy to see large number of posts relating to the topics presented in this week and in particular on why your topics and I will be delighted to answer your questions in case there are doubts. More importantly the discussion between you is lot more important in a course like this and I am happy to see that I have already given a large number of questions that you can answer during the lab session this afternoon. I believe that all of them can be done in one and half hours in case some of you cannot complete you become passionate about some topic you want to explore further that is perfectly okay too. You do not need to submit any assignment you do not need to complete anything but I have given a hint of what all can be done using the material that I presented and I will also give more detailed assignments for later use. It could take quite a bit of your time for example organizing workshops for your students and so on. I will present them later you can continue to do them even after the course is over. If you need help with those our TAs will help you either in the creation of tutorials, dubbing of tutorials or conducting a workshop using English spoken tutorials or some people have said that they want to go through Sanskrit dubbed spoken tutorials. Some others said canada dubbed spoken tutorials you are most welcome to use them as well and our team will be there to help you with that I would like to get started. Sir actually my question is not regarding like your content I have just concern and it is not my concern but there are so many participants in our RC center as well as in this course we have this concern regarding like a peer assessment. Continuously we are monitoring that people are not doing their job seriously and because of that we are suffering who are making really hard work for making our assignment just for example our like web page and everything and sir after putting all this thing on the only discussion forum we are not getting any satisfactory answer from the IIT staff and every time we just get answer is like that any two ways assignment is going to be considered but this is consistently happening for all the assignments so far we have solved four assignments and then I think sir it is really very disappointing I don't know I mean how to deal because it is discouraging us to do like efforts for it I mean peer assessment is so far I mean what we have observed is that thing is not successful in this case so kindly please take some kind of like a step towards that and please try to do something regarding this thing otherwise I mean motivation for us is not like in a proper way I mean sir so kindly address this issue okay I will answer it as follows although there is no peer assignment assessment in my part we are learning some of these methods you as well as us okay and there is quite a bit of learning involved not only as the world over everybody is in the learning process and given our limited time and effort that we can spend on this work because we have only 24 hours for example I have been answering all the questions in the discussion forum for week 8 and I sleep at 12 o'clock I have to get up once again early in the morning to answer the questions okay the answers have to be meaningful correct I cannot give arbitrary answers it has to go to so many people so in view of that the limited time that we have we have to spend properly one of the things we are trying to do every instructor is trying to get working answer we do not want to give just one answer somebody said that this person has not given proper assignment proper answer I can go and check every one of them but I would have sufficient time instead we should actually look at systemic solution how to prevent this maybe you just change one rule the whole thing will change so I would want you to instead of just talking about it is not being done properly I would want you to give suggestions change this rule add this rule remove this rule okay and that will be lot more helpful we are looking in that direction we are looking at research papers that are coming out our ET group is also working in this area doing research we have close to 25 people who are doing PhD so these are new areas in any new area we can do two things one is to say we will do the peer assessment only later after we know the answer in which case many courses of this type cannot be offered how do we grade you there are 4000 of you we do not have so many people to grade so shall we postpone until we know the answer or do we get along we get started find answers to whatever we know right now give grades to the best extent possible using the knowledge that we already have so these are the two options when we went for nation by 1000 teacher training program that professor Fatak did that was a great jump because we were doing QIP courses for only 30 people at a time so we decided to go for 1000 people that is equivalent to 30 courses in some sense 30 years right should we have stopped because some methods are not known should we have waited for the perfection of the method as a matter of fact I would say that unless you run them you know really understand some of the issues so we have no option but to get on with whatever we have using whatever knowledge we have using whatever imperfections we have that is the only way we can make progress okay I hope I have answered it I do not want to answer this any further because there are other people who are working in this area like professor Fatak, professor Sahana Muti and so on they will come up with answers okay I do not want to answer any more questions on peer assessment in this session I think I have answered it to the extent I can okay I would suggest that you talk to other people if you have further questions on this please talk to them thank you Birla Institute yeah please go ahead good morning sir yeah clearly clarify what is the difference between a spoken tutorial and a screencast yeah good question let me repeat the question what is the difference between screencast and spoken tutorial spoken tutorial has been created using screencast methodology screencast is a method just like you have video recording you have screencast what is screencast it records the screen okay now if you give a running commentary along with that then you have the audio also it is possible to have screencast without audio at all as a matter of fact in the year 2007 when our method started the spoken tutorial was created first time there were many tutorials without an audio explanation there were just videos and so we thought that let us give audio in all our creations so we did screencast we added our voice because you do not see our face we called it spoken tutorial right whereas you see my face now whereas in the spoken tutorial in fact in all spoken tutorials you do not see anybody's face we called it spoken tutorial we also decided to dub them into all 22 languages for the benefit of our children who may be weak in English okay we have lot of children who are very smart but not necessarily fluent in English so we said that let us offer our tutorials into their languages also how do we do this by dubbing only the spoken part okay of course one can ask what about the screen you have everything in English we said let it be in English because our children want jobs in Indian industry and to get a job and knowledge of English is very useful let them use normal computers let them not demand Dev Nagari keyboard because how many people with Dev Nagari keyboard experience will get jobs in IT industry how many of them will get job in TCS Infosys Vipro and so on because they have to use normal computers they have to use normal keyboard normal screen so we said we will dub only the spoken part everything else will be in English because we dub the spoken part once again into all 22 languages the spoken word is extremely important to us so we called it spoken tutorial right spoken tutorials have or have three important things that an ordinary screen cost may not have what is it first of all spoken tutorials are created for self-learning we go through so much effort you have seen the processes involved in creating spoken tutorial so we put in so much effort that it is suitable for self-learning no other screen cost created tutorial claims this but we claim it that is one major difference second difference we dub them into all 22 Indian languages nobody else can claim that ours is the largest collection of IT and software and whatever you see on the computer available as instructional material in Indian languages we have about 5600 tutorials we have 120 in Sanskrit we have a very large number for example in Nepali close to 400 in all our 22 languages so how many other projects can claim this this is the second one third one which is equally important is that if you go through YouTube you see lots of videos but then it is very difficult for you to download them I am not saying that you cannot but ordinary people like me cannot download of course there are experts at IIT who always say I know how to download but then I have to go through extra effort to download on the other hand understanding the difficulty of our students in getting bandwidth most of our children do not have access to bandwidth just imagine in a lab 40 people learning let us see tutorials and everybody is downloading directly from the internet directly streaming what will happen to bandwidth in fact I would claim that even in IIT which has quite a good bandwidth our system will collapse 40 people downloading streaming in parallel videos it will happen in every college where as a result YouTube based videos which are also created using screencast are not suitable for instructional purposes of course the other problem is in YouTube you have them in a haphazard manner whereas we say here is the specific sequence we even number them 1 2 3 and we go to any one we say look this is the prerequisite and we say open this video we want you to use the side by side method side by side method means supposing in the video I open as file you should also be able to open otherwise how can you practice side by side I am telling that every command demonstrated in the video should be done by you should be reproduced by you so I want to plot a file I need a data file so I open the data file I do not give the data file to you how do you open it so how is it possible let us say in YouTube videos so here we said that it must be available in fact I showed a video called side by side method I strongly encourage you to see that it tells you about the pedagogy involved that pedagogy we have you take an arbitrary screencast created video it may not be available so these are all the differences between spoken tutorial and ordinary screencast so screencast is a methodology anybody can create it I would say that our project is quite different we do use screencast right every spoken tutorial is created using screencast but every screencast cannot be a spoken tutorial does it answer your question yes sir thanks welcome good morning sir I am Venkatesh from MIT Aurangabad College so I have one question we are doing a lot of activities through the ICT blended learning process here the how even we are having more than 3000 people we are registered in this domain we are working from the past two months onwards so what is my question means how we can focus in the research oriented activities it will be very helpful for individual because most of the people they're doing the research work if it is we are forming some group based upon this activities on the domain expect if at the same time IIT Bombay is helping some kind of research oriented activities for them it will be the more helpful for me how you can support for this in research oriented activities through this ICT blended learning yeah that's a good question the question is most of the participants who are in this course are interested in research whether this activity can help in their research whether they can participate in the research let's say OE or research MOOCs research and so on and this question is from Maratwada Institute of Technology I am happy to receive this question as I mentioned earlier IIT Bombay has an education technology program wherein we offer only PhD degrees we are of course there is a lot of demand to to join this PhD program from prospective faculty members prospective students who are currently faculty members our we have slowed down on PhD admissions mainly because we don't have too many faculty members in the education technology program we have only one full-time faculty member that is process Rana Muti now process Sridhara here has joined has been deputed by computer science to go into education technology and we are looking for more faculty members to join this program and I would like to point out we don't get enough good candidates who can become faculty members at IIT Bombay because we have some norms and so on some requirements and so on so we are looking for outstanding candidates who can join as faculty members so this can happen only if all of you the whole country does lot more research in this area if lot of people do research then some research will be outstanding and some researchers will be outstanding and we would have more people to choose from that lot as our faculty members who can of course promote this activity even more vigorously who can admit many more people as PhD candidates so in view of that it is an excellent question so I would say that one thing is to look at our education technology research there are people whose names are listed I would say that I would urge you to go to the ET webpage and look at the the profiles of faculty members who are listed there look at some of their papers go through the papers for example I shared one paper with you on CS101's effectiveness study with a low cost affordable laptop so you can actually see how a study is conducted what kind of you know if you want to write a paper then there is a reason for doing that study which is typically explained in the introduction background work then you have research questions what are the questions we want to address and how do we go about conducting that study how does one ask questions how does one prepare a questionnaire so that it is acceptable for example in the paper that I shared with you there are two tables there is one table called likes another table called dislikes but I did not ask them separately these are the reasons you like this computer tick tick tick tick these are the lying reason why you dislike the computer tick tick tick I did not do that because the problem is what is the guarantee that they actually read the question and answer what if they say strongly disagree tick tick tick tick strongly agree tick tick tick without even reading that kind of answer is not acceptable so you need a mechanism to find out whether the answer is reliable whether people who are answering the questionnaire are giving consistent answers so how do we do that we mix the two so for example because of this reason I like it agree strongly agree disagree whatever see my next one will say because of this reason I hate this computer so these are mixed so if somebody says ticks everywhere then you know that that person is you know not serious throw that you know answer away so these are some methods that you must follow to make sure that the questionnaire itself is consistent so you can see in every step of that work there are issues and you need to address them okay if you want to work in this area research methodology is a course that is offered if I am not mistaken IIT Bombay has already made it available we have already offered it through IIT Bombay X I would suggest that you go through this if you want to participate in IIT kind of work if you want to do in let us say OER creation and validation that it is good not good I told you about creation of spoken tutorials creation of textbook companions lab migration okay I would want you to become passionate about for example open source software because it allows you to play around with it it allows you to open it it allows you to update it it allows you to whereas if it is proprietary everything happens you don't have to do anything you click it you just happen you just use it it's like saying it's a car you have right but you can't you shouldn't open the hood if you want to be a mechanic you should be able to open the hood and go through it take it out put it back and things like that so if you want to say I want to get into this area I want to do OER I want to create content I want to work with open source software then you must have access to software you must be able to put things together you must be able to modify things to so that it meets your requirement so there are many things that you need to do I would strongly encourage you to do open source software okay I don't know whether I have answered your question but please engage with us please find out what our people are doing try to read and then if you have specific question you know supposing you say you ask a faculty member and say look I went through this paper I have this specific question can you please answer somebody will answer but supposing you say oh I don't know what education technology is can you please help me no body will answer right because you have to show interest you have to take initiative please take initiative somebody will answer I hope I have answered your question thank you sir good morning sir myself is Dr. Deepalakshmi from Kalasalingam University we are representing the remote center Tyaraja College of Engineering I already raised a question in the forum about the way to use the OER that is open educational repository I am basically from a CS background so I have seen that for a C programming book you have created the examples everything using the SyLab so with the help of the SyLab coding how can I teach the C coding and how much this will be useful to the students of computer science department that is a good question Dr. Deepalakshmi from Kalasalingam University and who is attending Madurai Tyaraja College it is a very nice question how does one use OER in general and how to use the SyLab textbook companion or whatever it is for C programming I would at the outset point out that for C programming or whatever you want to achieve in a programming course SyLab is not necessarily the best programming environment mainly because it is created for numerical computation so let us see why SyLab was created it was created by a person by name Professor Cleve Mowler when he was a faculty member in New Mexico State University in the US he wrote it for the first time in Fortran in late 70s as a matter of fact when I was a Ph.D. student in the in 80, 81 I downloaded because those are available this Fortran code was available I downloaded compiled and ran on PCAT PCs had just come I ran them on PCAT they worked perfectly but Professor Cleve Mowler used to ask when I am teaching matrices in my class I write A X equals B and everybody understands why is it the computer does not understand why is it I have to tell the computer that A is of double precision that it should have so much space okay and I have to do row times column why should I explain all this is it not possible for me to come up with an environment that will handle all this automatically so he wrote this it he it was created with government funds and so it was made available for everybody free of cost so it was mainly created for matrix multiplication matrix manipulation in fact it has been optimized for vector arithmetic okay so if you have lot of computation for example if you want to do numerical analysis you want to teach linear algebra it is a great course it is very popular in most engineering departments electrical engineering image processing chemical engineering control purposes and so on it is highly apt whereas for programming per se I would say Python is a very good programming environment so I would say is it possible to redo the entire Sylab textbook companion you saw into Python okay another outstanding language is Julia J U L I A Julia is a great programming language you can now read about it now that you have asked this question let me give also a slightly different answer this may also answer the previous question for example somebody asks look this video is already available how do I use it in my class okay there is a you know you you have come across I am sure that you have been taught this flip method I think in the early part of this course somebody taught you a flip method I have used the flip method for many years now I think it is six or I have actually done it seven times seven years five times for my post graduate control course digital control and I followed the same method twice to my undergraduates first time I did it for 60 students second time I did this flip method for 130 students okay in which I used my own video recorded courses as a study material in digital control I created videos I left them similarly my other course which is process control undergraduate level first control course also I created several lectures and gave it to them and I told the students you must read and come to the class okay of course there is a question of students doing more work if you ask them you know I have three hours of lecture I have created I have left them you read the three lectures and come to the class also for three hours when the students complain do you want me to do three plus three six hours whereas in other courses I have to spend only three hours in your course I have to spend six hours this is unfair I do not want to do it so as a result we optimized the method what I can do is I can share that paper in fact I would say it is a successful paper successful research study which appeared as a as a paper in an IEEE international conference I would share that with you because unless you take care of this particular perception of students namely they do not have to do much more work than other courses for example there was in fact a study conducted if I am not mistaken at Texas A&M University for nursing students for nursing students they did a flipped method and and of course at the end of the course they found that everybody had done well it was performance was lot better than other courses then they also asked questions do you like this course most of them said they hated the course most of them said they hated the course because it was too much work in the US it might work because they pay through their nose to study in India our students will stop coming to class they will come to class they will do something else because they say anyway you are asking us to do too much work so this flip method will not work if there is cooperation from students you need to come up with proper management techniques as well for this method to succeed so I have that paper I will share it with you so this flip method is available to all of you you take any topic a course is available in NPTEL I assume that of course it is available mostly for engineering there are science methods also but then I gave you some more links in the discussion pages I gave you links of E Pat Shala it was created by UGC I also gave links to web pages created by CEC if it is not available if your topic is not available but it is available in let us say OCW let us say if it is available in Stanford for everyone it is available in OpenGL you are welcome to use them you can always say that for this topic go and read I am not going to teach but I am going to conduct a test nobody can prevent you from doing it you conduct the class you ask them and you say that based on that I am going to give five marks all autonomous colleges can do that all autonomous universities can do that please go with a proposal to your vice chancellor and say that look I have done this I believe this will work the students will actually like it they will do better as a matter of fact I would like to inform you about a quiz app that one of my colleagues here professor Baskar Baskaran and professor Kamishwary there are two faculty members in computer science at IIT Bombay they have come up with an app called I think it is safe quiz or something like that what it does is you have a multiple choice question you have a multiple choice question students can answer them through their mobile basically the software takes control of the mobile and they can only do answering the students like it of course there are some people who do it with paper in my flip class method what I used to do was you have to go through three hours of video but I am going to meet you only once in a week you have to go through this three hours come to the class once a week but I am going to conduct a quiz and I am going to give you marks and these marks will count towards your overall grade and there were 10 questions every week 10 questions in fact I had done this 10 times so 10 times weekly quiz 20 minutes mcq and many of them use this safe quiz app created by professor Baskaran and Kamishwary in fact I can share that quiz app with you in case you want to use it in your class so you can innovate the way you teach in fact this can be very close all of you teach what can happen is in fact I keep telling there are some people who are outstanding teachers who are bond teachers but there are very few less than one percent but if you use these methods even an ordinary teacher can provide outstanding teaching may not be as good as bond teachers there are some people but they are only one percent but look at the other 99 percent we can also teach well I am not a great teacher but if I have done a lot of work what these ICT based methods do is they allow you to do lot of prior work you write slides so you do not make mistakes right sometimes your pronunciation is not okay does not matter you keep saying it and then your video cameraman cut off all the wrong pronunciation you produce a good video lecture so these methods allow you to become good teachers if not outstanding teachers even an ordinary person can become a good teacher good enough for all practical purposes and these teachers can deliver good courses anywhere in the world in any university in the world right it will train you so these methods allow you to get better only thing required is are you willing to do the work if you are willing to do the work if you are willing to do research if you are willing to do research that means you are willing to do the work if you are willing to do the work then it is fine everybody can become a good teacher so there are lot of things you can do everyone I suggest do a flip method everybody at least for one class that I would suggest as a beginning first step baby step for doing research in this area I would share my flip class method I would encourage you to go through it and if you have a specific question on that paper I will be happy to answer remember to put them in week eight discussions thank you Deepalakshmi yeah you have more question go ahead about the fuzzy laptop now it is available for 10000 rupees suppose if I want to purchase it whom should I contact in IIT is it possible for a bulk purchase and is there a guarantee period for that good question I have this laptop in front of me I had given a link tiny URL in one of the discussions where I have asked you to give details in fact I have asked you questions like when do you think that your people will be interested how many people do you think will be interested if there is some question I have missed out you can write in this text box yes it comes with warranty it is rupees 10000 including first years services in a place like Madurai I am pretty sure that service is available in all major cities I am pretty sure services can be made available if a large number of computers are bought in an institute then it becomes easy to provide services okay so supposing let us say two three hundred computers are sold then there is enough money kept aside for servicing somebody can even be you know paid salary out of that money okay so I am not saying that two three hundred should be sold in that college even neighbors can buy it right your secretaries can buy it your bus drivers can buy it all that they have to do is the numbers are sold and they have contributed to that if there is a problem they can bring it to that center it could be bought by your neighboring school which says I want to give this computer to all my teachers I am unable to give it to all my students but can I give it to my teachers so it can be done so it is available right now and as a matter of fact you know if a college if we know that a college is thinking about purchasing a large number of computers we will be more than happy to provide further assistance if there are specific questions I will be happy to answer them. Thank you so much for the information you have provided sir in fact regarding the flipped classroom myself and my friend Dr. Ramlaksmi we have adopted this concept for 10 topics in the course object oriented programming in C++ and thank you so much to IIT Bombay for this wonderful effort sir thank you. Thank you you are most welcome. This is this is G Balram arts and professor CAC department college named Manura group of institution remote center 1161 I have not attempted two quizzes in IIT Bombay X portal because of confusion between Moodle and IIT Bombay X two portals are there so can you kindly put quizzes and assignment in one portal if it is possible. So the question is from Anurag group of institutions from Rangara D and because of two different portals you know you missed two quiz can both of them be put in one the my gut feeling is I you know I do not deal with this because I am just a person who delivers this course but my gut feeling is that it cannot be done it cannot be done for various reasons we need to have both. So this was already raised and we have agreed that maybe we can keep the same deadline for both so you should remember to put them that is what I believe somebody would answer if they can merge the two I will be more than happy of course you will also be equally happy but I do not know the answer to this question whether it can be replaced by just one that I do not know but dates I am pretty sure can be kept the same that feedback will go to the organizers thank you. Sir one thing whatever previously we attended the workshops we have used only Moodle sir one better choice I think. Yeah so the question is we use only Moodle when we had our T10KT this is you know the way we are doing live but the whole world seems to be going towards MOOCs and as a result MOOCs means there is a tangible content created the discussions properly recorded and short clips put discussions for them assignments for them. So in that sense this MOOCs seems to be a different way of packaging the same thing for apparently better efficacy and people can study at any time whereas T10KT is something that you have to be there at that time and it also requires lot of bandwidth it also requires lot of machinery for one thing T10KT means people want TADA right whereas in MOOCs we do not have to give TADA I am not complaining but then the taxpayers are complaining the ministry is complaining when MOOCs can be run without any expenditure why IIT Bombay is demanding so much money for TADA to as a matter of fact our T10KT project more than half the money was earmarked for TADA that was 95 crore so the government says 95 crore is lot of money that is of course for 15 courses to train 150,000 teachers through T10KT so the government says that that money can be used for several other important things let us do it just by MOOCs because it does not cost anything and not only that lot of people are doing research on improving MOOCs the learning will be better it can be translated to other languages it can be shared with overseas countries it can be offered again and again so there are many advantages in MOOCs that we should go towards MOOCs so we have IIT Bombay x of course we strongly believe that we should continue with our live interaction also that is why even though we do not have it fully for this course we do offer it and in fact it is because of the T10KT we are able to talk to each other in person although at a distance right we can see each other you can see what shirt I am wearing I can see how many people are sitting in your classroom and how many people are sitting in the front row how many are in the back row how many ladies are there how many ladies are asking questions so on and so forth we are able to find out all this and of course you also get to see whether we start the thing in time and whether our mic is okay a lot of lot of nice things how do we feel the questions and how do you ask the questions so there are there is a lot of learning that happens in a in a synchronous interaction what we are doing here is synchronous interaction I suppose to let us say IIT Bombay x MOOCs which are mostly asynchronous okay T10KT was completely synchronous but it was very expensive so we are going towards mostly asynchronous through MOOCs but we have little bit of synchronous that allows us to see each other at least once in a while okay so because of these reasons we need to have two because IIT Bombay x has its own way to assess do projects or whatever and then Moodle has its own Moodle was used in T10KT until all the features become available in IIT Bombay x I assume that you have to do both I hope I have answered your question thank you good morning sir my name is Sukesh from RCID 1278 SBM Institute of Technology Ujire I have a question on OER actually lot of resources are available in open source link how to guarantee or who will guarantee the quality of this educational resources so good question this question is about who will guarantee the quality of the courses available through OER so I will give an extreme example you would have heard of Wikipedia, Wikipedia has millions of pages all created by contributors okay now it is proven in fact it got proved about I have not mistaken about three to four years ago that any mistake that comes into Wikipedia gets corrected within nine minutes any mistake any mistake in any one of the million pages millions of pages gets corrected within nine minutes why because there are so many people who are also checking who are going through because there are so many people using it every page gets used every page gets corrected every page gets commented upon and so on so that is a example that we should always keep in mind that should be the method that we should go for and if lot of people use it comment on it correct it OER will become better okay of course we are far off from that ideal because Wikipedia is an exception it is an unusually it is an unusually good OER that is the reason on any topic if you say you do a search whatever be the search engine whether it is Google whether it is Microsoft whether it is Yahoo you will see Wikipedia entry on the first page no matter what topic it is so it has reached that level of and as a matter of fact no other encyclopedia can come anywhere close to this open source software Wikipedia okay so this should be the ideal this should be the goal for all the OER projects so in the meantime so what do we do we have to be careful we have to be careful about the veracity correctness of the material taught in that and of course if you take it from reputed people hopefully it will be good but even then take it with a little bit of pinch of salt that there could be something wrong if you are told unfortunately in some states there are no entrance exams for higher studies and it is based only on state board marks and the students are you know told to study just from the book reproduce the book in your exam you will get 200 on 200 you will get admission in medical colleges you will get admission in engineering colleges in fact in some states children unfortunately do not even study the 11th grade portion 11th grade students come within one month 11th grade is finished and they study the 12th grade book for two years why they want the children to get 200 on 200 so once they go to the class go to the engineering college you know many people fail many people fail because in engineering college and professional colleges that method no longer works okay so these children are told to study from the book not to ask questions the faculty members also I will say no no don't ask questions you must mug up you must be able to reproduce everything in the book now if we take that attitude obviously OER is not going to work you should ask is this correct you should verify not only should we ask these questions we should also ask our children why cannot we say that doesn't matter you don't get admission doesn't matter but I want you to understand the topic I want to teach the 11th standard portion I want you to study that why don't we say that so the answer to your question is OER topics could have some mistakes you should ask questions go to reputed people then such occurrences of mistakes could be less although not necessarily there is no guarantee that no mistake at all okay I hope I have answered your question yeah that means we need to be very careful even in what information is right what information is wrong we need to verify it all the time and probably it will be taking little more time in our efforts yes I think it is worth it even from a book even in the book standard book there is a theorem proof you have to understand the proof and ask or all the steps in the proof correct right if you think that some step is wrong then you know hey you know this fellow you know I have to be a little careful with this book I am talking about standard text books of course we have many local textbooks floating around which are created through copy paste of course you have to check you have to check the correctness so obviously if you have go for top of the line book then you know it is a great book right whereas a book has been created in your own college your own university so that your students will get marks you be careful check it right okay thank you sir I have one question regarding these the solutions are available to open sources so if students are also able to see that solutions they won't try to write the code they will just simply copy that code so how it will benefit the students okay so good question the question is if answers are also given students just copy them and answer them and they are not going to learn what do we do so it is a trade off that we should give a little bit so that they do get confidence it is like saying that we have to give model answers I follow two methods I will just explain to you I do not know whether it is implementable in the university system but I always do that one thing is if you look at our textbook companions let's say Syla after textbook companion we have 535 books available right now these have code for only solved problems we have not given code for any unsolved problem so we ask the students you please do that okay and verify whether it works that is one thing the other thing that I always ask in all my exams how do I find out I always try to find out whether a student has understood the subject how do we find that out I have one method I always ask some questions for about 20 to 30 percent of the portion on topics that I have not taught in the class outside the portion I ask 20 to 30 percent questions okay if people have understood everything that I have taught then understood then they can extend that knowledge to solve a new problem okay where is this new problem it is on a topic that I have not taught okay and of course I show them the steps do this what do you find then do these calculations you can show that this is equal to this and so on and so forth it is all given in a more or less a learning mode and only students who have understood the previous ones can do this so in other words it is at least for me it is very easy to set questions that help me find out whether the students have understood it does not matter if they have copied does not matter but at least for this 30 percent I can find out okay only students who have understood can get this answer correct and those students who have mugged up the book for two years in order to get 200 on 200 in state board exams cannot they will get zero in this 30 okay so I can release it so you can also release it but you ask some extra questions next year you release that new question as a old question and you ask one more question you can go on coming up with new questions every year there are infinite number of new questions to ask that is my answer good morning sir I am smith from ldrp institute of technology and research my question is related to the textbook companion project I am from a background of electronics and communication so I have gone through few textbooks the standard text book projects they have done okay and I have gone through the silab code also and we are using at our university silab so I tested few of the code so all of most of them are working that's not but I found that it can be made much simpler also so that student can take it when silab in our university we have found that our students are very afraid of this silab so earlier we thought they knew about matlab that's why but later on when they got into this first semester itself we started to make them to use silab but still they are afraid of it so I think that some textbook companion project silab code it's simpler so I would like to contribute towards this so for that what I have to do I just want a guidance from you as well as the second part that how to make our student feel that silab they are very much afraid of silab compared at lab we have a license copy of matlab at our university so but we want to promote silab and few of our faculty have done lab migration project also in the field of probability theory and random process image processing applied mathematics so we want to promote it but our university students are very afraid of silab so how to remove that that's my question okay so there were actually many questions one is so this is from LDRP college of engineering in Gujarat so there were many questions I will name some of them one is students are afraid of silab how to remove the fear that is number one number two how to contribute to silab textbook companion and possibly a third question how to contribute to lab migration for the second and third I will answer first it is given in our webpage I showed some web pages if you go and see silab textbook companion opening page at the bottom it says there are instructions how does one contribute just go and see that all the information is given okay if you still have questions you please put it as a question in this discussion forum for this week and if there are specific questions I will be able to answer but all the information is available both for textbook companion and lab migration it also tells different steps in that it also tells the hundred room available all kinds of things in all gory details are provided there you can do this for textbook companion and also lab migration one of the important things is if you want to remove the fear first of all I don't see any reason why there should be a fear to use silab in fact if you ask me to use matlab I will be scared because I don't know the commands because I have not been using matlab for seven eight years right whereas silab is what I use every day and so I am very comfortable so the reason why they are comfortable they are not comfortable in silab why they are scared is that they use matlab most of the time and only in one course they have to use silab they get scared so what I did at the beginning I said that look I don't have access to official copy of matlab my tas also don't have access to official copy of matlab as a result if you submit any assignment in matlab we cannot grade it how do I grade it I need to have a copy of matlab I don't have one how can I grade it so use silab I can grade it so I made it compulsory students used to complain you are being a dictator I can always say I could have immediately said show me that you used official copy of matlab to create this assignment then I will determine whether I should grade or not I could have said that because how many people how many students use official copy of matlab that's the first question that every one of you should ask is it the right thing should they be using you know illegal means that's the first question that we should ask do they have matlab in their home you may have official copy in the college how many copies are there how many students are there can all the people use it simultaneously these are some questions you can ask the second thing is I would say more important I would ask is can our industry afford matlab do you know the cost of matlab to industry it's extremely expensive many times in fact you won't even believe how expensive it is so we are creating our engineers on matlab who cannot go and use it outside it's a serious problem it's like saying I am teaching my students using a book which they cannot take outside my college compound because matlab is very expensive similarly for your maybe cadence software very expensive once again may be fluent for fluid mechanics once again very expensive you go on naming extremely expensive software packages why are we training our children on that whereas I can load silab on this machine this 10000 rupee machine it's preloaded it comes preloaded with open form it comes preloaded with e-sim it comes preloaded with sage python and so on we can make this available this they can use legally anywhere whether they are traveling whether they are at home or whether they go to even a small company that cannot afford an expensive software why are we teaching our children on things that they cannot use in industry are we being responsible to the industry are we being responsible to small and medium scale enterprises by teaching in matlab some of these companies if they use illegal software they have to go to jail their companies will close down by using expensive software in academia we are being irresponsible to our society we are not doing the right thing coming back to your first question how do we improve the fear you tell them use silab from now on no matlab there will be a fear for two days three days from next week onwards you will see that they are all comfortable I have 50 interns at IIT Bombay they are all from different parts of the country they are all working on silab back end they are improving silab toolboxes they are improving x cos appearance they are using silab for remote triggered labs they are putting x cos on the cloud you come and tell them they are are you scared they will laugh at you so the fear comes only because of lack of use please use I want all of you to say from today I will start using silab I will ask my students to use silab I will accept matlab only if I know that they have used official copy of matlab you take a vow like this you will see that in one week there will be no fears fears will be completely gone okay thank you I have a question regarding laptop what is the definition of bulk according to you purchase of service of laptops the question is what is meant by bulk purchase I do not have a correct definition of it I believe it is a few hundred to 300 is probably bulk purchase basically you just have to do the calculation assuming that let us say 10 percent of the money is going to be kept for let us say you know support okay let us look at the second year onwards let us say 10 percent of the money is to be paid so that means 1000 rupees per unit okay how much of such money is to be collected so that somebody can be placed their salary can be paid for and then you can also bring in spare components for example your keyboard breaks your you know there is a crack somewhere your usb does not work I am not saying that it is going to happen but in any electronic device such a thing can happen and you may be an unfortunate person so it may happen in your machine while in 99 other machines such a thing may not happen so it is like an insurance that we are trying to build you know this is how this whole thing works so you have to be realistic you know if a person has to be kept one room has to be given by your college and this person is available his salary can be paid or if there is you know a lot of people maybe two people so that it is that service is available from early morning to late night you know there are various I mean it is a easy thing to calculate so I do not know the answer what is meant by bulk I would say a few hundred units do you think your students may be interested yeah okay can we have some idea about configuration of laptop okay so the question is about the configuration it has 2 GB RAM 32 GB NAND flash so that is equivalent of hard disk by the way I have this Mac here this also has NAND flash only thing is it has a lot more it might have 128 GB or 256 GB but then the price of that is 60,000 or 70,000 it is a lot more expensive as a matter of fact you may be surprised in case any of you are thinking about buying a Mac you will be surprised to know in fact I was shocked to know that if the keyboard breaks then you have to replace the whole thing that costs about 17,000 rupees one 7,000 just to change the keyboard so I said you know it is crazy why should I do that I can buy this new laptop at 10,000 should I pay 17,000 to replace this it is a crazy thing so this is an expensive proposition right as a matter of fact I am switching to this low-cost laptop when I want to move away from this MacBook Air the main reason why I used to stay with you know I have been using Mac was it used to create nice videos because I create spoken tutorials look at my t-shirt you know I am wearing this spoken tutorial t-shirt that is very important to me I go and give demonstration people ask how do you create a tutorial I record and then I give it but then as I demonstrated in one of the old years I created a spoken tutorial using this on late take report writing and it is no inferior to this machine all that I had to do was to buy a 5000 rupee mic and fit it into this it is an extra fitting that I need but then I am not creating spoken tutorials all the time I have the mic 10 other people can use it okay so if I have you know two mics the whole department can use it that is not a you know great expense but it empowers this machine right so 32 GB nand flash is what it has nowadays of course you get 32 GB SD card that works with mobile phone for 500 rupees so your 32 GB becomes 64 GB of course people could say especially your students who download movies will say well even 64 GB is not good enough I would tell them even one terabyte is not enough for them because they can download lots of movies they need lots of terabytes fine you keep it as external okay but I believe that if you just want to do you know good academic work 32 GB is good enough at most you need 64 GB you just spend another 500 rupees you have a great machine then you have 11.6 inch screen you have two USB drives one mini HDMI port of course it has audio port input output it has 10,000 mAh battery the battery lasts a long time now it has a great graphics engine I demonstrated that you can it can you can create 3D plots in silo very easily and simultaneously work with blender you know do animation it moves very fast and so on we can load it with almost any software it is a complete Linux machine okay if you have a specific question on any of the specifications please let me know I will answer that can there be a detailed workshop to how to use silo for the newcomers the question is is there a detailed workshop to newcomers of Sylab the answer is yes it is in the form of spoken tutorials spoken tutorials are created for self-learning they are arranged in a particular sequence and while learning that people do active learning because in spoken tutorial they have to reproduce every command they just do not come and listen and go to sleep they have to reproduce every command so if they reproduce every command in 25 spoken tutorials that is good enough to start with in addition you have 535 textbook companions in addition you have quite a few lab migrations so if people do all this the next thing I would recommend is do a textbook companion take a standard textbook code all the solve problems using silo okay so in case you have difficulty look at the textbook companion in similar books so for example if you have a question on how do I do fast Fourier transform remember I did a search you do a search FFT it gives you some 20 books that use FFT in that go through and find out a book in your area open that book open that example it tells you how to call FFT so you know how to call FFT for your example so just do that so textbook companion creation is the easiest for a person who has gone through these spoken tutorial okay then after that the next question is can I do lab migration okay we are happy to help you you yourself can say these are the 10 problems in my lab and I went through your lab migration solution hey seven problems are already answered so now I have to migrate only three labs only three three problems three lab sessions out of that I know how to do one I need help on two more will you please help I will say yes I will tell my staff members so look here is a great college out of 10 labs they have themselves converted eight please do this immediately I will instruct I will give an order to my staff members to attend to you and to help you immediately so this is the way things progress by doing this what happens is you demonstrate your keenness in working with Sy lab on the other hand if you say contact workshop we used to do that some people used to invite we are a great college so many people are interested hundred people are going to come please come our people land there there is nobody nobody cannot find anybody you can go to the lab 10 people and people come slowly come on we are not interested we cannot do this there are 35000 colleges in India there are 5000 engineering colleges in India right many of them want to do Sy lab and they want to invite us it is not possible for us to go to all the colleges but if we know that a college is making sincere progress making a sincere attempt through the method that I described then we go out of our way to help that college to hand hold in fact we make them also our partners I hope I have answered your question thank you so much sir you're welcome so this is from 1301 mainly instead of technology please turn not to my question is there I conduct many spoken tutorial and after online the students will be issued my question is what is the weightage is given for the certificates when they attend interviews or placements okay good question this is from KLE Institute of Technology from Hubli what is the value of these certificates so there are two ways to conduct these online tests one is the way that's available for exams like gate JEE and several competitive exams where you will go to a center something like TCS or some other center and you pay a lot of money out of which about 1000 to 1500 rupees will go from every student to this center to this company okay so if they do in such tests then they will be poorer by something like 50000 rupees because it costs some 5000 rupees to do that so this is one way to do that the other way is to say what we have been doing in spoken tutorial saying that it is free don't have to pay anything I don't want any money from you okay our project is funded by the government and I don't need to raise any money from you and our objective is to share the knowledge with you which we are ready to do without charging even a single paisa from you okay obviously there is no money to give to the online proctoring place okay then given this scenario so let me talk about the second one first one is quite clear if every student is willing to pay 5000 rupees for a test and they do 10 such tests in a year 50000 rupees a year if all your students want to do that we can go for it I am assuming that they don't want to do it I am assuming that many students in the country cannot afford it so we have to go for the second one okay so what do we do in our certificate we put a line saying that this such and such person appeared in such and such online test it was administered by IIT Bombay it was proctored by such and such person from such and such college so and so from KLE for example we said state that name of the person who does the invigilation on the certificate okay tomorrow this person goes for an interview and that person your student says look I appeared in a Sylab test and I passed so they start asking questions in the interview and this person answers everything then they say hey this college is a good one okay so let's get more people from that college or anytime somebody says I am giving my certificate anybody from your college says I have got a certificate in C I have got a certificate in Java I have got a certificate in Ruby Pearl Python whatever then the company says hey I want to go through it I want to at least talk to that person whereas in your college or in some other college this person says hey you know I want my student to pass I don't care whether they know it or not I will allow them to copy I will allow them to keep books okay and they also give a certificate to the company saying that I passed they ask a question it will become like Bihar right we know what happened in the college toppers they didn't know the subject in which they were supposed to have scored marks so immediately they will realize your that interview team will realize that this college is useless the word will go around quickly that not to take any student from this college not to talk to them not to take them seriously so whether to make full use of it or bring a bad name to you is in your hands if you use it properly there are colleges I think Assam Donbasco has given 10 marks of their weightage based on our online test they invigilated carefully they make sure that the students do it properly and I am sure the students there their certificates that they have will have a lot of weightage whereas some other college where there is no invigilation will have no value and simultaneously it will bring bad name to your college I hope I have answered your question thank you sir that's why I am from D K T Texan Indian Institute of Charter & G so one request is there as far as spoken tutorials are concerned there is a huge scope between internet on things as far as the Linux platforms and Intel and different Raspberry 5 platforms are concerned so is it possible to develop some spoken tutorials on IoT so good question thank you for that question this question is from D K T E society there have been a good partner to IIT Bombay to spoken tutorial project so the question now is internet of things can we have spoken tutorials we are going to make them to start with we are in the process of finalizing a set of spoken tutorials on Sylab Arduino we have a large number of tutorials that are going to be released we have a big team that is working on hardware in fact let me tell you one interesting project that we are working on this is this has to do with the planetarium this project is aimed at improving the scientific thinking and improving the interest scientific curiosity amongst students and especially school children for example so what is this project look at this planetarium you know you would have gone to a planetarium show it is typically about 45 minute show where you go into this and there is a big dome and they turn the lights off and then you see the whole sky okay and then you have somebody who comes and explains here is the constellation here is the star and so on and so forth they talk about it okay but it is available to a very few people so we thought why do not we build open planetarium using real sky right using real sky so what is it so the idea is that this there is this software called Stellarium right this Stellarium it is an open source software it knows all about the sky it knows the entire configuration it has billions of stars and so on and so forth right now this Stellarium knows you know supposing it is calibrated so you are in this particular city you are in this country or you are in the northern hemisphere you are in the southern hemisphere whatever it is the moment you do a calibration Stellarium knows exactly then in a in a in the planetarium show that I talked about there is a 45 minute script somebody says let us go here and so on similar script can be created in in Stellarium right then it will say go to let us see the star at this point at this point means what you have to look at it at a particular angle from wherever you are so we have a laser pointer and that is connected to a stepper motor and this software gives instruction now change this and then you see the light of course it will happen only in a dark sky so it will not be seen in a cloudy sky but in a dark sky which is there most of the time and in all small places it may not be sky is not visible in a big city like Mumbai or Chennai but if you go 50 kilometers away sky is dark and you can actually see the star and then the a spoken tutorial comes on it tells the story in Marathi it tells tells the story in Tamil in the Malayalam Nepali Kasi Bodo and so on and Urdu Sanskrit whatever language you choose and then you have the thing and then after that thing is done it moves on the script moves on because it is a 45 minute script so this whole thing basically we have to come up with a circuit board a stepper motor laser pointer it has to be interfaced with Stellarium and the whole thing has to be housed and you know we have to put it in a closed container and the whole thing can be sold possibly for about 1000 rupees okay and that will work with our low-cost laptop so every school can afford one every school can afford one any interested school can say hey tonight we are going to do a planetarium okay so people go with their dirty with their blanket and they all lie down in a Maidan they children come with their parents and they go to sleep they listen to it and then go and you know drink tea or juice whatever is available or drink a bottle of water and this whole thing happens just imagine for free every school just imagine what this will do to scientific curiosity just imagine we say that you know ISRO is launching this right our satellite is doing this our forefathers found out that Mars will be red in color how did they do all this right so and there are amazing stories that can be made available to everyone in fact what we are going to do is we are going to make available this entire project as open source so anybody can even make it and it can be made available to every school at a cost of about 1000 rupees there are 10 lakh schools in the country can be made available to everybody let all our children learn let the scientific curiosity come and so on we can do fantastic thing so projects such as this are starting point for IOT right so we will be more than happy we are already working on some of these projects and we will share them with you certainly Arduino thing is going to be on we have already written a book Sylab Arduino in fact we interfaced Arduino from Sylab X cos python now Julia so we are going to you know come up with that book soon of course you can also download that book from our web page directly for free we will make that available we did this as a part of our FOSSI project and internet of things also things are happening only difference is now all the communication is through internet that is the only difference everything else is the same we are creating tutorials on Linux we have a large number of tutorials on bash for example if you want to become good in Linux you need bash first thing people will ask do you know shell scripting the answer is yes if you know you do spoken tutorials you know shell scripting then you become a great fellow you can do all kinds of things you can create a cron job which will at midnight back it up you can create a mirror you can do all kinds of fantastic things so we are into all of that I am happy to have more association with people like you your college and Linux enthusiasts to work with us thank you apparently we are way past our break so I am going to end the show here if there are further questions I will be more than happy to answer them please post them in the discussion section of 8 week thank you goodbye and