Yeah, yeah, thank you. It's really nice to be here. I love this venue with those like turning auditoriums. It's really cool so Yeah, I'm going to tell you something about building a software business and Maybe just yeah to start with some background about myself. You might know me from spacey Which is an open-source library for natural language processing in python So if you have lots of text you want to analyze something in text you want to train a system to do something really custom on your text, then you might be using spacey and So in 2016 we founded our first company together with my co-founder Matt who also just gave a talk earlier over there and We really decided to bootstrap the company be self-funded and we did what we we call we raised the client round So we did some consulting To start the company to get some money in and then eventually in December last year we launched our first commercial tool prodigy and Yeah, it's a it's an annotation tool for data scientists So basically it helps you label your data try out new approaches quickly and really You know iterate quicker on your data on your code with a model in the loop and that's you know downloadable tool We're selling and we're offering and that puts us here So that's that's where we are right now and prodigy since the launch has been going very well We have a few thousand users now from fortune 500 companies freelancers data scientists researchers and In fact, it's been going so well that we're currently working on an extension product which will have a small service layer To really help people scale up their projects Get more out of their data and manage annotators. So that's what we're currently doing and in a long term We're also planning a data store where you can then get pre-trained models for custom domains Say you're doing finance in Chinese. You're doing social media in Spanish. You'll be able to download a model Tune it tweak it add some more examples and really build a system that's super super custom to your own use case and Yeah, when we started a company we really Yeah, we made the conscious conscious decision to stay independent to be self-funded and that's worked very well We still own 100% of the company We were able you know, it gives us a lot of flexibility We're much better off in our positions than we were if we just have jobs So it was a since this was such a conscious decision It also meant that we basically had to ignore a lot of the typical things people tell you about how to start up a company so For example people often are very confused or surprised that it's basically it's possible to make money and it's possible To be profitable or we still have a small team. It's mostly me and my co-founder We're working with one developer on the Prodigy extension We have some cool collaborations coming up but really the core of it is a very very small team and It also, you know, we can people are sometimes surprised that you know We really put Prodigy on an online shop for sale and you can buy it and it's yours You download it like a bit like pre cloud Adobe and you have it and it's just a simple tool that people like that You can use it doesn't do anything sneaky in it doesn't even go online It's just a thing and that's kind of the core of our company and We think that actually you know a lot of so in this talk, you know, I'm not gonna tell you how to run a business I'm not gonna tell you to follow your dreams and do it exactly the way we did but I do want to share some some of the lessons we learned some of the insights we got and Just yeah, some of the stuff we picked up along the way including or actually most importantly some of the misconceptions that maybe some people have about Running a business or actually even selling software and I feel like it starts with this one Which you know to me is actually yeah a very important one that we often hear It's basically you need to if you want to run a business you need to run at a loss So essentially you need to spend more money than you make or you even need to you know take money. That's not yours And then take yeah spend it spend it spend it until you can eventually make a profit and The thing is there's there's a reason why this is a popular concept and why this works for some company For example, I'm not saying you shouldn't be doing that There are plenty of business models where this actually really makes a lot of sense So peer just peer some reasons and some company logos that are probably very recognizable So we have one thing. Okay, if you need the network effect. So Facebook. There's not really a Place for a really small social network with 100 happy customers like you need yeah Facebook works because everyone's on Facebook Similarly Dropbox or Slack only work if everyone's using it and if you really have the viral adoption of the product So that means okay You first need to spend before you can make money or probably Facebook nobody will ever pay for a Facebook account and that's fine That's just the type of business model similarly You if you need to scale you really need to Invest a lot upfront in your infrastructure like a service like Twilio needs to serve their API is Amazon Facebook a lot of these actually Dropbox a lot of these are very resource-intensive and you need to set that up Once you get your users your users need to be able to upload at one terabyte of data And you need to be able to handle that so that that costs money and that's an upfront cost and actually Yeah, I included this startup Casper in there, which is the company that sells mattresses and You know, they also they took some funding They built their mattresses and then in the first I think in the first month of operations or sales They actually got almost half of that back because people bought these mattresses, but they still they needed some money to engineer those and to produce them and Another one is well the competing on price super aggressively like Uber and Amazon are the prime examples of that you need money And you need to subsidize the difference otherwise You know, nobody's gonna use your service and it really just works if you can really compete and That needs money or if you as another alternative if you're going for enterprise sales Yes, you need to invest a lot because you couldn't before you can really get those really large enterprise deals like sales falls or even Zendesk That's what is, you know, they're really going for and here You know, it needs it needs the upfront investment You have to accept that maybe in the beginning You're not necessarily gonna make a loss make a profit and that you mostly gonna be making a loss until eventually like Amazon You'll be very successful and making tons of money and your CEO is going to be the richest person in the world and but the thing is you know the Bigger just a bigger company in general isn't necessarily Better because software is actually software is actually kind of interesting here because I'm like a lot of other traditional manufacturing products It actually gets more expensive to build at scale not less. So You know, if you're building car parts cool, you can start building a few But that's actually much more expensive than you buy wholesale. You have your own manufacturing pipeline build a huge In this like build a huge company build a huge like Factory where you assemble those and then you'll be able to compete on price if you know if you just build a few Artisanal car parts you're probably gonna be out competed by someone else That's not the case for software. Actually software usually gets much more expensive once you scale up and make it be and another thing we've seen in The companies I showed you earlier Most of these are actually in businesses where the there's only one winner. There's only one Amazon Amazon Can only work if there's one Amazon Uber. Yeah, they still have competition. There's local taxi companies There's Lyft, but the endgame is certainly we want to be the only Uber and we want to be the only private Modern taxi provider in any large city. So Those are all these really winner takes all industries But actually most businesses are not like that in most industries You can perfectly co-exist and man, there's not necessarily one winner and actually Being in this winner takes all market really sucks because yeah, you can be super successful You can make lots of money You can do everything right and if someone else is like one tiny fraction better than you you're gonna lose and you're gonna lose everything because you're not gonna win and Often even maybe for reasons that are absolutely beyond your control. Someone's gonna win. Everyone else is gonna lose So this is actually this is not not even that much fun And so you've probably you've probably all see yeah, some of you might know this this comic or this cartoon It's basically illustrating the concept of survivorship buyers So the person on stage with lots of money says oh never stop buying lottery tickets No matter what anyone tells you I failed again and again But I never gave up I took extra jobs and put the money into tickets and here I am proof that if you put in time It pays off well, yeah it's of course It's true, but you're obviously not seeing all the other people who did exactly the same thing and failed and it also shows that well What you see as best practices that you've learned that you know, we may be adopting from companies And businesses in those when it takes all market all things we kind of have to take with a grain of salt because Do we really know what caused them to win? We don't really it's just like you know, we just have one winner. So this is You know, this is something we have to consider and but it also means Somehow as humans or a lot of people are very much drawn to these tournaments and when it takes all markets And it's kind of ironic because if you think about the tech industry It's all like you know It's often we all kind of nerds who would have maybe in back-in-school of rolled their eyes that like the kid who wanted to become a pro football player because it's such a ridiculous goal and you know, of course, you're not gonna make it and He probably you're gonna get injured anyways, and you can't do it And it's such a you should rather go into business and do something real and at the same time here We are in tech and a lot of people, you know, then go aggressively for when it takes all markets and Yeah, the tournaments where you have to win or not But a good news is if a lot of people are doing that that actually leaves many other high value opportunities and things untouched and You know, I mean actually high value like you have to consider if you if you're in if you're taking part in a tournament You need you yeah, you can't deliver on a few million you deliver You have to deliver on the billion dollar promise and that means that now you can there's so many sensible nice businesses You can pursue that absolutely You know sane Very profitable, but that nobody else touches because they're just not part of the tournament. So Yeah, this this opens up all kinds of opportunities in software and it also means that you know if in general you go and optimize for The median outcome which mean and not the mean outcome. So you don't look at like oh, what's theoretically the most The best possible outcome, which is you're going to be the most successful company in the world And you're going to be the richest person in the world and instead say, okay What's kind of the most reasonable? high value opportunity Where I could make the most money out of on average them the advantage is that actually You know, you're gonna You know, you you will definitely end up with something at the end Even if you don't succeed as wildly as maybe you dream, but of course it still means if you you know if you're going for these opportunities you somebody of course needs to do this and you often can't do it all by yourself which Leads me to the next misconception, which is you need to hire lots of people you start a company Someone needs to build it. You just need lots of people and And the thing is as I said earlier, you know, people are often surprised that we still We have a very small team. We're doing lots of stuff, but the team itself is very small and we once had Customer send us an email in inquire whether our company would pass the bus test because that's an important requirement Otherwise, they would have to reconsider doing business with us And in case you haven't heard of the bus test is this kind of thought experiment of what would happen if four people in your Company were run over by a bus tomorrow. Would you still be functioning? And of course in our case sounds is no, we'd be like minus Something like no, that's of course, of course, it's not gonna happen And also but he chose it's a big the customer ended up buying prodigy anyways And apparently, you know, we must have still been convincing enough even without the bus test But it still shows like the perceptions people have and also how people view a stable company And what really makes a product good and it's interesting because if you if you haven't thought of this before You'd probably be very surprised how I'm small the teams are that develop the software you use every day from open source To close source to anything really often the core developers and the core authors are one or two people Maybe you have up to five people, but it's just because Google releases some new amazing technology It doesn't mean that all of Google worked on that Sure, it was made possible by Google being a very large organization, but the teams themselves are very small Maybe you have five people who really did all the core work on a thing So And it's also really shows that you know the difference there's authorship and there's just in general the company and Authorship really needs a very very small team because it's like I mean try try co-writing a novel with 20 people That's a really interesting art project, but like that's not gonna be very efficient Just similarly try writing a function in Python with five people. How do you do that? Does everyone write a line?  Oh, no, I would call it something else No, of course one person writes it other people can test it In in essence you need a very small Team making the decisions and really writing the thing and also as we all know it's not that difficult Fundamentally to write Software it's you know, you can write a function and then the refinement process. That's you know what takes maybe takes more time and Similarly a lot of people argue. Oh, well, but yeah, sure Okay, if you know what you want to build small teams will make sense But you need to know what you want to build first so you need to build lots of things So you know you need to if you have you have ten teams and you will build something and then maybe you find the one thing that's good and but essentially, you know if you If you are building the right stuff that obviously matters a lot more than like building lots So yeah, if you know what you want to build if you really go for that That's much more valuable than Scaling it up before you even have the first thing that works But now the question is well, how does that how does that work in practice? How do people assemble their teams and here I'm these illustrations show two very common Methods that people use to build their software team. So the one more traditional one is a specialist So you have several people everyone has a deeper skill You have someone who does front end you have someone who does back end You have someone who does DevOps and then you have and and those people all work together And form the team so you have all the things you need covering and this works great But of course, there's some weaknesses, which is that a the people don't really understand Necessarily understand what the other person is working on So you actually have to invest a lot in making the collaboration work You have to have lots of meetings everyone has to always share what they're working on so you can move forward Similarly, if you have one person who does DevOps and that person is sick Well, then you don't have DevOps so that's So there's always there's several problems here So a lot of companies even larger ones have moved over to and more modern approach, which is the generalists So here you have people and they all have skills in Different areas and they all kind of have the same skills. So this is very similar to Full stack developer even though we still not fully sure what that even means But you can at least define some stack and say I want developers who can do that stack And here you have the advantage that everyone can work together much better because they understand the three levels if you have someone who can do database stuff and back-end and they everyone knows that you can you know collaborate much better and Similarly, you can if one person gets sick leaves great You can you can replace them and you can also hire much better. You have your Template of what's what engineer do I need what person do I need you can have your book of Interview questions and you know if they pass that that's a full stack developer and that's a person I want to hire But one thing that's missing here again as well. You don't really have any deep specialization You don't have any experts everyone's kind of doing the same thing and so a third kind of You know alternative model is this idea of the complementary skills. So everyone here you see has like some deep Foundation of skills, but it also have other ones to have kind of this very unique personal blend of skills and Yeah, that's something that's actually incredibly like it difficult to achieve for larger teams And it's not that it's like in practical You see companies do trying to do a lot with like setting up their labs Trying to hire like really high-profile developers who have that sort of profile to really get their thing moving forward but it's it's difficult because You know, you don't have the same like predictability you have with a generalist But this is a really really unique opportunity You can use if you're a small company because you can just have a few of a few of those complimentary people With very different skills different specializations and and you know You have some overlap in them and that can really move you forward And that's something you can't necessarily do if you just take advice from how very large companies are doing it And really what these these type of skills come come down to is this idea of what usually is called t-shaped skills So you have like this kind of base and then you have like the arms for the t-shirt But I like to think of it more as tree-shaped skills because tree is really you have a solid stem And then you have you know a few different branches of different different thicknesses and different You know you you can also have like two trees that kind of overlap and the other nice thing is a t-shirt is pretty static If anything it can only like I don't get worse The tree is trees alive and a tree You know lives a tree can grow so you can even if needed you can grow more skills and You know really develop in your career and actually yeah, I think we quite a good example of this I would say because yeah in my case I've yeah, I'm a software developer was always I've always kind of made websites as a teenager I also happen to yeah, my degree includes mark includes media but also linguistics, so I've worked in marketing and sales, but I've kind of come back to software development and similarly and my co-founder Matt he's Used to be a researcher and academic mostly specializing in computer science, so that's a good stem there, but then He's also happened to become an expert in writing superfast Python code and recently we had kind of had a gap in dev ops And so he kind of yeah happened to grow some skills in that direction as well which we can use so now we have that covered as well and It really I think this type of personality profile. That's not this is not I don't think I don't believe this is a personality trait I think most of us actually have this and are those types of people It's just that in a lot of very traditional environments This is selected against and this is also not really encouraged because no It doesn't really make you fit well into any of those predefined roles but once you once you leave that idea and once you Now move out of that perception you actually I can you can build a really Good team this way and you can really have a good Yeah, you can cover everything you need with very few people and Also without requiring Running at a loss because yeah, you need such a large team and the only thing is okay, so now you have you have your team of Tree-shaped people you've you have something you want to build you're like cool. I don't need to run at a loss I actually yeah, I can sell something But how do I make any decisions really someone needs to make decisions? And that leads me to the next misconception, which is you can't make good decisions without testing all of your assumptions and I would say you know if you look at this first it does it Descendants itself does sound kind of reasonable like it doesn't it doesn't sound as like You know outlandish as maybe some of the other misconceptions But I do think there's some problems with this kind of idea and I'll show you what I mean by that And what one good way of looking at this is Looking at how people assess failure when like a startup fails So here's a typical thing of someone that someone would say after yeah, they think didn't work out Which is turned out nobody wanted our product. I wish we'd spent more time validating Ideas our next time. I'll definitely you know do the whole thing fully data driven I'll collect evidence on everything so I'm not making that mistake again And if we think back to that little comic about the survivorship bias This is actually it's an interesting inverse of that kind of concept because it also says well We didn't do X and we failed and therefore we conclude that X would have saved us and that's That's a very yeah, that's a very interesting assessment because in reality well Do we really do we really know that and Here's here's because here's some stats based on this is great website called an autopsy IO and they collect startup autopsy so basically if a company fails they collect what went wrong and They also compile like interesting analytics. So this one is reason startup failed based on 300 of those autopsies and It might be important to note that these are actually these they only collect Autopsies of startups that actually failed as in they close their doors shut down stopped It doesn't include any startups who went on their amazing journey, which is also not necessarily a sign of great success But so this is really just the actual failures and you see what people are saying Because another thing important to know this is based on people's assessment like the people running the companies This is not like some Objective analysis of what happened so people say well not the right team wrong business model product Not a hit no market need and outcompeted and This to me this kind of shows that actually people don't really have a good sense for what's going wrong or how to even Assess that or analyze that I don't even really fully get the difference of wrong business model product Not a hit no market need kind of all the same thing not the right team Maybe you thought you needed another engineer Maybe you were actually an idiot and all your team hated you and that was the problem like who knows this is Yeah, it's really not that conclusive and but still what people Take away from this is like oh we need to just test more we need to validate more even if we think something is right What if we're wrong? Let's a be test all the things and of course, I'm not saying that testing things is bad Like yeah, we publish spacey We believe that it's absolutely important to do a rigorous evaluation of how our stuff performs How our stuff works and how accurate it is we're not just saying oh well We put in a lot of effort when you wrote the code Looks good feels good. So must be good. We don't need any numbers of course not But you can easily fall into this trap where you're really trying to validate even things you already know Because maybe it could be that well, what if you're missing something? What if you think the sky is blue, but actually it's green like this could be in our ground breaking So and a lot of this comes from the tournament mentality if you're taking part in a tournament Well, what you need is you need that one thing nobody else has thought of because that's gonna make it win So it makes sense, but if you're not taking part in the tournament, do you really need that? Not sure. So here's here's a more real-life example of this. So we have employee cat Looked at a company Twitter cringed was like oh my god really embarrassing We look like we look super clueless.  Why do you think that and well? No, but you know without numbers. How do you know you're right? Well by thinking, you know, it looks it looks really bad And you know, I'm sure you could pull up for both positions You could pull up some study that showed oh you have to have high engagement on Twitter because other you know You need to treat five times a day retweets are especially good to drive engagement and sales and on the other hand Well, of course you can look at something and be like God this looks embarrassing. This is really bad we probably should stop this and What now what we can take take away from this is well There is always here There's always a value in like just actually reasoning about things and the decisions We make are based on reason and if you run a bit if we run a business We need to be making lots of decisions all the time all day and it's not just one decision We constantly need to decide and we win if we write and we'll lose if we've wrong It's yeah, it sounds simple, but it well it actually it is like if you you know if you if you Need to make you know you need to decide something and you need to be right and the more right you are the Like faster you can move forward and that's that's also why there's nothing wrong with building things that you think are good It sounds yeah, it sounds like such terrible such a terrible idea. Oh, what if I think it's good and everyone else hates it well You didn't they're likely be a lot of other problems down the line that will also not help you succeed So there's yeah, you can't really make up for a lack of insight and reasoning by a bee testing things to death And especially assuming that well, you're you're running a company. You know, you know things about what you're doing You're not gonna go there and say well, I have no idea what I'm talking about. I'm absolutely clueless I don't know. I'm just gonna try everything and wait till something sticks you could but it's probably it probably be a very bad idea So, you know if you really say well, that's something I think is good and you go for that. There's really You know, if that succeed, that's a good sign if that already fails Well likely you would have probably made a lot more decisions down the line that were equally as bad That would have still caused you to fail and so Actually, let's so basically, okay, so now we assume we have our company.  And so what are we actually? Making money off and what are we actually selling and so here? This is something that's especially in our industry. This is Really one of the to me one of the absolute biggest misconceptions that are really puzzling and really lead to very very weird outcomes Which is people seem to believe well the true value, whatever you're building the true value lies in your users data And the true value Yeah, data is the new oil whoever came up with our bullshit. That's kind of what drives that and As an example here's like just a little screenshot from our tool that we're selling prodigy and basically, you know The idea is you buy it you pay us once you download it you get a lifetime license and it's yours it doesn't connect to the internet just runs on your machine and You know developers developers really like that people are like great. It doesn't try to trick me I can just use it and it just works but when we started this a lot of people were like oh my god You people are so naive and stupid you're leaving so much money on the table like imagine if you could just Track whatever your users are doing Why do you not give them an interface to upload their data and then you can keep it and then you can have it and everything They label you could have them train one AI model that can rule them all and because you know You have to consider what people are doing there is for example a financial company wants to analyze Company reports better, so they'll label whatever occurs there But the real the absolute highest value companies get out of the technology is the really really deep specialization So yeah, you can have you can train something generic that just finds people in text But what really makes a difference is if you can make it find a very exact categories in your super specific text So what people if people are successful, what they'll be doing here is so specific that it's absolutely useless to us and in general people tend to very much overestimate the value may of label data maybe because label data is often very painful and In reality, okay If we were if we were going to do this and if we needed label data Well, we could just do it ourselves right we happen to have this super efficient annotation tool Which also we happen to have built and so you know, I think we be quite effective at just doing it ourselves instead of trying to engineer a product in a way that basically Yeah, it takes our users data so we can do something with it in the future and Again, this all really comes back down to that idea of taking part in a tournament because you know If you if you need have a lot of upfront costs you need to raise money You obviously don't have a product yet and that's fine We've seen plenty of companies where that has to be the case like you're building a social network Of course, you don't yet have a social network Otherwise you wouldn't be raising money to build it So you'd need to sell the potential of your application you just sell something that's in the future and you need to present that and That's more important in a reality obviously because you need to convince someone to give you money and that's fine But all of these changes if you're not actually taking part in the tournament if you don't care about this Well, you know, you actually only have to think about what you can really charge people for money money for right now And that's clearly not the data because nobody yet cares about data You're hoping data is the new oil and at some point people will but actually in reality It's also it's only it's only useful in cases Like for example Facebook Facebook's data is nice because they have everyone on the thing and For you a random application not not necessarily.  You could just I don't imagine selling that your time machine How much money could you make or charge people money to use your time machine? That's like so great. No, you do something really stupid with it And that's that's really that's I would say that's actually quite a similar idea You have a great product instead of selling it You're like, oh, no, I'll give it away for free so that at some point I can get maybe get something out of it that I can then sell and so Instead, I think what really know what what really makes the the whole thing You know work is what people people like stuff that works people like value and people Contrary to what people are going to tell you people companies don't mind paying for things. In fact They actually like to pay for stuff that works. They like to pay for stuff. That's theirs and they can Keep and you know own and so instead of monetizing something abstract that you came up with you know, there's there's money right there There's a product right there. There's really something there that you can monetize and Also, you know your users they're not your users are not Interchangeable test subjects that you can like a beta stuff on there like actual the actual people So it's like you know if you're running a restaurant cool You can test on your friends at home and you have crazy ideas But you have to you have to be able to cook if you're the chef and you have to know what people want to eat Like you can't say hey, let's once people come in you can't be like Oh, let's let's test and sell everything for super cheap and now next week say let's try How high we can go with our price before people leave and like oh how spicy can we make this dish before someone complains? it's like by after the third week you won't have any people anymore and If you're actually selling something you know people There's not an infinite supply of people you can a B test your software aren't on and they're real up and and they have Money and I want to buy things and you can just give them things and The bottom line is you know people have come up with so many ways of measuring How successful your engagement like okay? We've seen revenue is really good if you optimizing for that first and you have all these great graphs And you still don't know what you're doing, but actually there's a really really simple Really straightforward Way that you can measure how successful you are and that's called profit and if you make profit It's very it's gonna be harsh because it's very difficult to lie to yourself If you're looking at your profit because you're not making profit You're not making profit, but it also means that you know And now like the bottom line is that you really if you're making profit You're looking at the profit you could tell how well you're doing and one big advantage profit has over engagement over revenue over anything else It's yours. It's money. It pays your bills and you can keep it afterwards Thank you Yeah, thank you very much in this. I think that was a really great keynote was it And you as audience you know the drill to microphones you come now come ask your question Question approaching we have we have time for maybe like four to five questions. So people have to queue up Hi, this was lovely and seems like a dream and I'm sorry to be the pessimist or realist in this Can you talk a little bit about maybe like work-life balance or? Like it seems wonderful to have the most three like brightest friends coming together, but something has to give you know that You have three which two wins out. Can you talk a little bit more?  So I Do think that's but I do think that actually you know This is something that's that does become easier if you're actually able to you know engineer sort of your own business model and You know have a very direct way of selling something For money you have a product a great way about a product is that ideally if you're doing a good job It's done. So that's something that we basically at least aspire to that we say we want to build something once and then it's Then and we sell it and we fix a few small things We of course have to talk to people but the idea is always to ship something that's complete and that basically for us It makes it much easier to You know have a more natural You know kind of timeline of this we know we're not gonna be chained to this for the rest of our lives And it's like gonna be really you know terrible So we have something and we can resell it and it still provides value to people so of course if it works That's definitely something we want to optimize for and also of course I think I have to say well, of course we choose to live in a place That's also more affordable than if we lived in the Bay area for example That's a different important consideration And I also want to say this because no it's bullshit like oh quit your job and do whatever no don't if you you know You need money, but I Do think you know you can like at least you know, it's it's definitely something we're hoping to you know engineer towards And that also helps having a you know smaller team a smaller scale Very low overhead costs Which means you could I can say cool I'll take the weekend off and that's that's it and that's how can I can live my life because I'm not dependent on You know all this really one big project that I have to do and otherwise everything falls apart But of course it's all you know It's a valid consideration and I do say I work I work a lot but also because it's something I enjoy so It is very difficult for me to really draw the line there But I am very conscious and I would stop if it was if it got like out of hand Thanks. That was really interesting. I'd like to ask if so many companies and individuals In this sector are currently chasing this ideology this dominant paradigm that you so tactfully described as a bit bullshitty Does that leave more room for the people who are following the kind of principles that you advocate or do you think it? Perhaps corrupts the entire marketplace and spoils things for everyone I mean, that's an interesting question I mean like the bullshit definitely, you know corrupts a lot because I feel like actually it Sells people false promises and it actually keeps people from maybe pursuing things that actually they would be very successful In and drives them towards other things that do not work as well But I do think actually the fact that people are chasing these really large opportunities in a very specific sector and in a very specific Segment and in very specific business types does leave a lot of room for companies that maybe Back in a day would have been filled by a lot of other Companies and now kind of up for grabs because it's too low and it's too small and it's not worth it So I see this as a big opportunity even though of course everything sucks and everything's terrible and like, you know I agree with that, but like if there's some opportunity there and some hope then to me is that Would you say that explosion AI is a startup or a small business or is there no difference? I mean I would sometimes maybe I wouldn't correct you if you refer to it as a startup because that's just what people You know think of but actually we see ourselves what we aspire to is this idea that you know in German We call the Deutsche Mittelstand so like you know middle-class businesses Germany is kind of famous for that actually You know UK as well at least before Thatcher. So, you know, this is a really that's and that's a concept that like really has proven itself to be you know very successful and You know you basically middle so middle stand the idea here is okay. You have a solid middle-class company it's founded by people who you know often maybe sometimes run by families even over generations and You have it's solid. It makes a profit. It often often also provides things and technology and manufacturers things that are Part of a much larger pipeline like one specific machine to put one car park together. That's like super Popular in like Germany and that's maybe a company you haven't heard of but it's a company is doing very well And that's that's how where we see ourselves just more You know in a modern tech machine learning sector Okay, so the model for like the small team with a complimentary and diverse skills You've been saying about like I think that that's great for a small company with like people with Incentive and kind of like senior people with a lot of drive But do you think there's a place for like junior developers in that that can only be there they can do like one thing? Pretty productively. I guess I mean the thing is I think the whole junior developer idea is also very much shaped by the more Traditional specialist generalist idea. So I actually I'm not even sure in such a you know, and that kind of Let's say you just get somebody who's like fresh out of the university and doesn't and simply doesn't have a lot of experience with Different stuff. So yeah, but I've been often sure but often, you know, they do know stuff They can do stuff if they want to do the job There's actually a lot more you can you know, you can use that probably would get lost in a more traditional Environment and I think there's actually there's a lot of space for learning new things because you know They're all these different areas that you can go into that maybe nobody else has claimed So sure but of course in the founding team if you want to run the company build the product Of course ideally it should be you know You pick something that you know that you go to that you can build and then later you can get more people in Who can you know learn a bit maybe bring in their other expertise? Then learn a bit more about what you're doing So I don't I don't think one thing really excludes the other but I also have to say I don't have like much experience with like hiring lots of what is considered junior developers and seeing where that goes So you'd have to drive. Okay. Thanks. Okay. Now last questions come from Antonio So great talk I didn't take my laptop out. So it was very good So I want to play a bit the devil's advocate over here So it's like you showed us a lot of examples of companies that have been successful. Yeah, you know, I would say optimizing on loss for the first years and It shows only your company explosion is I as a company that succeeded instead using profit as KPI and all the other stuff So how do I know this is not survivors by us again? Sure, you don't you don't hear about you know, the people who've tried exactly our model That's a good point and they're not standing here giving you know today So that's true But I think it's also if you actually look at the way that economy generally functions, right? And also even if you don't if you're not self-employed you work for a company There's a very clear exchange of value there. You do something someone else says cool You're good. I pay you money for it That's a much more natural flow of things and also to you know, and we've seen this in the past to replicate that That's a very straightforward model that like usually, you know, it doesn't necessarily fail But once it gets more speculative and weird then You know all of that changes, but the simple thing of you have something I want that I give you money for it You give me what you have. I think that's a pretty solid Model that's like proven to be successful if you can do it right and have something that people want to give you Money for Thank you very much, Eunice


Derek what came over you in the fourth hit four threes helped to put this thing away I'm just getting great looks. I'll see a lot of attention everybody else in Got wide-open looks like I knock them down That starting unit had 29 assists in this game. How fun is it when the ball is moving like that? Yeah, it's a lot of fun. We've got so many weapons I mean obviously Drew is out tonight, but Al stepped up huge made so many winning plays for us And it's a lot of fun playing that way This is in the Atlanta Hawks one of the better offenses in the league. How are you guys able to hold them off? Just enough Yeah, I mean still 117s a lot and they're a great offense. I see trade does a lot for them and That's up to slow down, but Sure Joe's gonna get honest a lot in the locker room about it and we gotta learn from it get better from it That being said how much you enjoy? How much did you enjoy the spry Al Horford get him some time off? He looks so fresh out there tonight. I was amazing I thought you could really say about Al He does so many things for us on the court off the court that just help us win games and he's amazing there. Thank you Congratulations. Appreciate it Garden also a big fourth quarter for Derrick white scowl joining us live right now court side and scowl Derrick white with four May threes in the fourth quarter Just what levels does Derrick white go to when the game is on the line? It was crazy the shot he made in front of the Atlanta Hawk pinch It was almost as if he was fading out of bounds kind of like that Sean Elliott back in the day Probably you weren't even born with that happen me to Smith, but he had his tip toes on and he was letting it fly I just thought that shot right there got him going and it's almost at this And I'm tell me if I'm wrong with you guys when it's the fourth quarter and Derrick white gets an open three I'll be shocked if he misses any of those so Derrick white kind of opened this game up for us Gave us that cushion I talked about this a lot with the Celtic team. We got a lot of ways to win We got a big margin of error in the first half We didn't shoot the ball well from three, but we got inside second half It was all about the three and sport quarter definitely about the three and Derrick whites play and what way though Also did Derrick white step up in the absence of Drew holiday tonight? So That's a great question. I mean if there was a point where you know Drew holiday likes to work that low dunker I know a lot of people don't know that spot. That's like underneath the basket Well, it switches things up so you don't have to play five out a lot of guys don't want to make that sacrifice Derrick white has no problem He stretches the floor and then there are times in possessions where he's going down and working that dunker Your spacing is so much better guys like porzingas get a wide open look Brown and Tatum have more driving lanes So he takes the sacrifice of offensively of like, you know what? I'll sacrifice some of my stuff and go down here and work it and remember that Al Horford play when he drove to the middle and Derrick white relocated on the baseline. Well, that's a usual Drew holidays box and defensively He was great like Derrick white never stopped pursuing the ball He was relentless at trying to get to screens on Trey young you took that challenge And if you kind of look at it Trey young was asked to be an all-star today And it looked like Derrick white took that personal to add the commissioner Adam Silver ended up picking Trey young and now Derrick white kind of made it known like even though You got Trey young and the fan boat. I'm the real all-star here in this game And also you mentioned Al Horford 14 points eight rebounds eight assists also four blocks in tonight's game Scout it looked like Al Horford turned back the hands of time the knees still work The body looks good. The days of rest have done him. Well, what was his impact in this game? I think you called it if you look at the You know the grueling month of January where those games are coming at you rapid fire and you know You're trying to get your footing on you and I thought Al Horford had you know a decent January But you could tell so you had two days off a game two days off And now you're playing Atlanta and that made a big difference like the Celtics just look completely different out there They look fresh and Al Horford in particular just he was reacting really well. The shot was coming off his hands Really well, I mean besides I think at one point he was four for six from three misses last three But I mean come on when Al Horford is playing like that and stretching before he's making defensive plays And we weren't great as a team defensively Al Horford was great defensively for us We talked about Derrick white and how much he means to the Celtics team 21.6 rebounds and seven assists And of course, he's got a steal and a block as well Eddie. I'll start with you Just how was Derrick white able to impact this game? In all the ways you just named, you know, whether it be scoring whether it be rebounding the basketball Helping on the defensive end doing the things he needs to do getting strips getting steals Getting block shots. He's always a guy that he just does the right things.  He did take just a little bit personal You know understanding that he had opportunity to possibly make the all-star game knowing trade Trey young was called in to be one of the Feelings, you know the reserves a guy that came in because somebody wasn't there So I think Derrick white is a soft-spoken guy number one You don't really know he doesn't wear his emotions on his sleeve So you don't know what he's thinking a lot But his actions on the court let you know exactly what he's thinking when he goes out there and plays I'll just say a minute. Do you think Derrick white is patty?  I'm like, this is typical Derrick white to me So I can't tell if he's doing it because you know put on the all-star as an injured replacement As opposed to him, but I feel like this is just a typical night for Derrick white All I know the Celtics two best players on the floor tonight were Derrick white and Chris stops for the biggest two players who probably had A little bit of motivation after what Adam Silver came out and announced yesterday And I do think they don't worry about like who's on the other side or the circumstance around that They just want to go out there and be great on a night-to-night basis But I do think there's something in the back of every athlete's mind That's just a little reminder when you look across and they're like they put that guy in there That guy who plays for a team that is scraping to get in the play-in that guy who was eight for 25 tonight And Derrick's white, you know what? I'm just gonna go out there and take over the fourth quarter do what I do Like I don't want to disrespect. I don't want to do the it because like, you know I that was the it's thing king in the fourth But derrick has been really good in fourth quarters this year He needs to be more in there and he needs some sort of like my time right now Now you made the case where now I feel like derrick white and chris dad's Pozing is they were trying to stick it to the mba for not being named all stars. I like being petty, so That's probably what it is. Chris had Pozing is with 31.3 rebounds and it assists as well


people I kind of fell into librarianship. I was at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill studying for a BA in education and I had to take this kiddie lit course and I love children and so I was enjoying the course an awful lot and Dr. Mary Kingsbury said to me at the end of the course I think you'd be great as a librarian and so if things don't work out for you I hope you'll consider that come back and see me and I'll be more than happy to write a reference and so I remembered what Dr. Kingsbury said and touched base with her and successfully got accepted in their library school program and got a fellowship and so I ended up being a children's librarian. I managed to get a children's position in the D.C. Public Library and the interesting thing about that was the branch I was assigned to was the Palisades Library branch which is off of 49th and V. Street Northwest so it's on the other side of Georgetown and they had never had an African-American as a children's librarian there and it was very interesting to find myself in that particular position and so I ended up staying with D.C. longer than the three years because every time I got homesick it was ready to go back home to North Carolina. D.C. is such a large system that you're able to then be transferred or be promoted to a position and it felt like a totally new job and a new experience and so D.C. was a great training ground for me. One of the things that was interesting was the fact that I was the first person in children's room of color they'd ever had and so initially the parents would come in and they would ask for the person I had replaced and when they found out she wasn't there they'd actually leave. Then they may come in and they would ask for the other librarian but she was part-time and so Erica Stokes who was a really good mentor to me they wanted Erica what's Erica's schedule but you find that it is with children and you know the whole adage of out of the mouths of the children did not care and as a matter of fact I think the fact that I was young and I was giving them a different type of attention then they responded very positively to that but specifically I had this one parent and she's the one of the few who would come in and if she had asked and then she left and then she asked for the other one when she said her daughter apparently had a learning disability and I was unaware of that and she had a project to do and I had pulled the stuff I talked to her about considering how she could go about doing the project it was the mother who came back and let me know that the child had made an A and she let me know that she had learning disabilities and that she had never had an A before and I think that that was one of the I don't know that she physically went and told others you know that it was cool or I was okay or whatever but that fact that she came to me and she shared and then it seemed like after that it just kind of went away I didn't have any others in leadership positions I did have some African-American staff working for me there were a couple who were I had a librarian who was part-time over at the special collections and I had a couple of other staff throughout the system but but no there were no other no others in leadership position and truthfully I wasn't looking for a job I was pretty happy in DC and so I did realize that in order to affect change the way I wanted it to happen for the kids I needed to be in that room so I needed to work to be in a higher level position and so when Patrick O'Brien called to offer me the job I was a little surprised and I knew who Patrick O'Brien was Patrick was a major player in the ALA world in the American Library Association world I thought that I could learn a lot by working with him and so I accepted the job when I came on board he said to me he said I think you have what it takes to be my successor and I my interview was based on trying to do some succession planning and so I'll do I'll try to help you with any and all things that that you need because I hope you'll be interested in and filling my shoes and so I was acting for a minute I was the acting director for a little while and then I got the job so Howard Smith jr. I understand was the library board chair before Louise Forstall and he was the chair in which he held that position the entire time that Patrick O'Brien was the library director and so after being hired maybe a month or so we were having a meeting and after the meeting Patrick and Louise were had gone to the side I had made some I had made some presentation and they were very pleased with the presentation and so they were complimentary and Louise said you know can you imagine if Howard Smith were here he's probably turning over in his grave and they chuckled and I was like really and they were saying yeah he would not have gotten this he wouldn't have understood so that was what that was based on that they felt very good that they did not let something like that stand in the way of them as they stated you are our highest qualified candidate so you know one of the things that I've done once I became aware of the story of the city and so which is a fabulous story from 1939 but over the years I started to wonder okay so from 39 to 2009 what in the world you know took place and there are still a few individuals who worked for the library system who were African-American and so capturing or getting a chance to hear their stories of what it was like to work here has been fascinating for me so it's very interesting you know one of the first African-Americans from Alexandria that the library system hired was Mrs. Gladys Davis and I had an opportunity to my career to overlap with Mrs. Davis she was instrumental in making sure that others were hired within the the library so when I became deputy director and I was doing the tour of the branches I went over to the Barrett library and within the Barrett library is the special collections local history special collections branch and one of the staff there Mr. George Cones says to me oh you're the first you know African-American service deputy director you know we had the one of the first sit-ins occur in 1939 to tell you the truth I thought I misheard it I thought that he had made a mistake and I said excuse me and so did you say and he repeated the time for me now remember I grew up in North Carolina so I grew up with the whole thing of the Greensboro sitting A&T going down students going over to the Woolworth um lunch counter and sitting down and being arrested and so I'm like wow how did I miss this I've been in the library business for a minute and you're trying to tell me that there is a story there was a city so I still had some doubts to tell you the truth I had some doubts I just couldn't believe I didn't know about this story so when the eyes was scheduled to go over there and work the desk I got the I got to George and he was showing me and he went and he pulled out all you know all of this stuff to show me that yes indeed this event did occur in Alexandria and I was just flowing I pride myself on on African-American history very interested in it you know took a number of classes in Chapel Hill they were a little ahead of their time at the time they had an African-American studies department when I went there so I had had the course I had never heard this story so I made it my business to every weekend after that I tended to come down and I would work on I would come on Sundays because the Sunday staff had not met me and they only worked on Sundays and so that they could meet me I would come down and I would visit a branch on the weekends I do that branch for a couple of hours and then I would leave and I'd go over to the special collections library and they pull stuff out for me and I just started taking notes and I created this notebook and so I have this real fat you know initially I thought you know two inches was going to be enough um but over the years so I've crammed stuff and it's kind of falling all out there we think that was wonderful notebook that has all this information in about the city now that's what was interesting because in 2009 you know I'm director and I'm thinking okay how are we going to celebrate this and the staff informed me well we tend to let the black history museum celebrated and and I'm like why well you know because the Robinson library which is the end result so the the Robinson library is the location that is the current black history museum and so it's part of their history I said yes but it's a part of our history and it's the events that occurred here that make that happen so we need to also be celebrating and I will say um George who was very good about making sure that the the story was told me every he said to me says well boss I feel a little funny this you know that white Jewish guy trying to tell and celebrate this story and so I said well look I'm the first African American library director and I don't see how we can't tell the story they did feel a little awkward because we were on the wrong side of the argument and but because I was who I was and they were very supportive of me then they were like okay Rose you tell us what you want this to look like and we'll do it and so we did so we had that five-year period to plan and as we prepared for the 75th then we decided that we would celebrate it as a system just as we would celebrate the library's anniversary when we celebrated the 75th it was not just the special collections branch over in the Barrett library every single library branch in Alexandria celebrated the sit-in anniversary so we've done a really good job but where we didn't hit the mark and fell short was we did not involve the families we did not manage to get make contact with the families the descendants of the participants so for the 80th that was the focus the focus was that we would work very hard to try and reach out and to get the families involved and we would only do the programming at a level in which they were happy and so we really struggled to make contact with the families and then when we managed to get some names and and everything convinced a few of them to come and meet with me over at the Barrett library in special collections and just basically let them know first of all I apologize that we had celebrated this event five years previously and did not include them and one of the things that was what we wanted to to fix so shared with them how important the story was didn't know to what degree and how much information they knew and so just had a an awful lot of documentation and information on the table for them to look at they heard me out and I shared that at this point in time that I was hoping to do a descendants panel so that folks could see them and I would you know function as the interviewer and just ask them some questions I'd give them the information in advance and they were on board and so I'm happy to say that the their support and their willingness to participate not just out for that interview they attended some of the other events that we had so their presence was very much appreciated people would ask them questions we so we received a lot of press from that and so was really proud of involving them and then one of the really nice things that occurred was the fact that in our research while there was a newspaper article that said the charges had been dismissed we could not find any proof that that did indeed happen and so through the commonwealth attorney brian porter he was successful in petitioning the court to dismiss all charges against those gentlemen and we were able to give that document to those family members that evening and it was just you know a very touching and gratifying experience during the 75th we created an exhibit we are hoping to expand it into a traveling exhibit and that's where it has a dual purpose so if we're able to have it travel to another public library for example in virginia then that will have the students come to using that public library it will also challenge that public library to question when did they make their services available when did they integrate and i think that as librarians that's one of the things that we can do to help do this with the to spread the story and to help with this the opening up of our history one of the things about history is um it's it's shapes based on what one is taught and as i explained i only knew about the sit-in in um greensboro and subsequently as an adult i have learned about the sit-in that occurred in petersburg the four that i i greenville south carolina had a library sit-in in which um reverend jesse jackson was a major player and so it's all about who's telling the story and so since the story is has the opportunity to grow and change based on the different people who tell it then i need for our children to recognize that the history i learned actually is still being told


There's always good stuff to watch all year long, but sometimes you get a saturated season of television that causes good fun shows to just fall under the cracks. This fall anime season is stacked with great content for all. I could tell you about shows like Chainsaw Man, Bleach, Spy Family, Mob Psycho 100 Season 3, but I'm pretty sure you're already watching those. You can't escape the hype of these juggernauts, and that's great, more power to them, but there's a lot of content out there that you might be missing. I try to watch as many shows as possible so that I can review the season as it ends, but I'm here to sort out all these things and give you guys five shows to watch if Chainsaw Man, Bleach, and more aren't really your thing. Other anime with great stories, fun characters, and neat artwork. Akiwa Maid War Animated by PA Works is pure insanity, and I am here for it. In this story, maids in Akihabara are serious business worth dying for even. Enter Nagomi Wahira as she moves to the big city for a chance to join a Maid Cafe. Landing what seems like a dream job at the pig hut and getting to know her coworkers, Nagomi will discover not everything is as it seems amid the Maid Cafes of Akihabara. Listen, the less I tell you, the more you're gonna love this series. I don't want to ruin the excitement of the chaos that is this show. Unlike anything I've experienced in a while, Akiwa Maid War is a mashup of excess otaku culture, maids, and even yakuza and exploitation films. PA Works is known to shake things up and create original productions, and this is easily one of their most creatives. The violence shown may be a bit much for some, but if you don't mind it, you're in for a treat. Fun characters, over-the-top action, and great comedic timing. Highly recommend Akiwa Maid War. Reincarnated as a sword animated by C2C Studio, Dark Fantasy meets Isekai and Catgirls. But this time, it actually works. There are always Isekai shows to watch each season, some I recommend, others I avoid like the freaking plague. Thankfully, this time around, this show, reincarnated as a sword, is surprisingly fun. The story shakes things up by having one of its lead characters reincarnate as a sentient sword. Obviously, there would be limitations to what you can do if it was just a sword, but the story quickly lets us know that his destiny is to provide help and guidance to Fran, a desperate cat girl fleeing slave traders. She is just a bundle of joy and wholesomeness. I'd love that character. She wants to be strong and forge a better life for herself. Now, as master and student, they will start an epic journey to become stronger and protect the innocent. As wacky as all that sounds, it works surprisingly well. The relationship between master and student is the star of the show, for sure. This master's sword is now teaching Fran and making her a better cat person. Also noteworthy is the action. I was really taken aback by the gory violence. As Fran gets stronger, she will do what it takes to defeat the enemy in all its violent glory. If you want a nice shake up on your dark fantasy or isekai, look no further. Reincarnated as a sword is as wholesome as it is badass. Urusei Yatsura, one of the seminal works from Rumi-ko Takahashi, has gotten a new reboot. Beautifully crafted by the folks at David Production, Lum is back to cause more chaos in Mayhem as she lands on earth with the Oni aliens. Determined to enslave humanity, the Oni select the unlucky, unapologetically lecherous Ataru Moriboshi as humanity's last hope for survival. If he is able to defeat Lum in a game of tag, Earth is saved. Long story short, our lovable alien takes a liking to Ataru, which sets the stage for a series that chronicles the misadventures of these two stubborn teenagers, along with an entourage of weird characters. Mostly adapting select chapters of the beloved manga, this new Urusei Yatsura is brimming with charm and a heck of a color palette. I absolutely love the colors on this show. David Production went all out for this one, faithfully capturing Takahashi's distinct art style, but bringing it to modern audiences. If you want some crazy slapstick humor with a whole roster of distinct, crazy characters, look no further than the 2022 version of Urusei Yatsura. Bochi the Rock, Cloverworks returns with a new anime adaptation. Bochi tells the story of Hitori Goto, a high school girl that learns to play the guitar because she dreams of being in a band. Problem is, she's so shy that she hasn't made a single friend. That starts a change when she meets Nijika, a drummer looking for a guitarist for her band. Charming is how Bochi the Rock is pure delight. Never have I related to a character so much as Hitori. While not as extreme, I feel her struggle with anxiety, shyness, and just difficulties in social interactions, so I find myself constantly rooting for her to succeed. Oh, and the music is pretty great too. This is a music series after all. Wonderfully animated with great characters and a wholesome plot, I highly recommend Bochi the Rock. Now I know what you're thinking, a Gundam series on these type of videos? Well, yeah. This season has a lot to offer, but I'm afraid the majority of watchers will be hyper-focused on things like Chainsaw Man and The Return of Bleach to take notice that there's a new Gundam anime out. Fortunately for all, Mobile Suit Gundam, The Witch from Mercury is a great fresh start for anyone to enjoy. Like many modern Gundam series, this is its own thing in its own universe. There's no need to worry about the universal century continuity about catching up with previous Gundam series. You can just enjoy this excellent series with a fantastic prologue and dive right in into the charming kick-ass take on the legendary franchise. Witch from Mercury throws us in an era with multitude of corporations have entered space and build a huge economic system. One lone girl from the remote planet Mercury transfers to the Astikasia School of Technology run by the Benerit group who, which dominates the Mobile Suit industry. Suleta Mercury breaks the mold by being the first female Gundam protagonist. She's pure of heart, naive, but a good pilot and wonderfully wholesome. The animation is great as usual when it comes to this franchise. Sunrise always treats Mobile Suit Gundam shows with a little extra care. The action is really well choreographed, the setting is interesting, the politics and the industry of space and all that stuff, as well as dealing with genetic enhancements and the morals behind it. You name it, the show has a little bit of everything. Yet Witch from Mercury also finds the time to introduce new elements such as the school and the duels that take place within it and of course with the main character as she tries to get accustomed to school and having new friends and I'm pretty sure that by the end of it they're gonna get thrown into this massive war and there will be casualties and I'll be sad but hey it's Gundam it's awesome it's badass you should check it out. So there you have it. Five shows to not miss out on. I know some of them are on High Dive and others on Crunchyroll so you can check them out and geek out about new shows. So if you've seen episodes for the shows that I mentioned in this video let me know in the comment section down below and if you haven't let me know what are some of your favorite ongoing series right now that you want me to check out and talk about on this channel. So that's about it. Thank you everybody for tuning in. Thank you for liking, commenting and subscribing to We Can Geek them. I truly do appreciate it. I do content like this talking about all the seasonal anime and all the manga that I'm reading. Thank you everybody. Stay safe. God bless. I will catch all of you on our next video.


God, bro, if it ain't it's infertile. How do you do that for your 4th down life though, bro?  No, I'm about to stop this kicker for real That slow kick or that fast kick when it's like, I don't know how to explain it Different speeds are the worst, bro. Is it nobody on this guy, bro? Come on, man teabags From McAllister weight and McAllister so wise dude. It's sad too cuz I feel like when I lab day Oh, when I when I first I go to ball, I didn't really have a step. I made up all that steps like Bumble Marzell with the gift. Let's go man Streaking bro.  I don't know what you have He's beating me in tackle battles. Well, he can't tackle battles before I could even like tackle battle I'm offended. Crazy thing about this is I'm actually chucking the ball right at wool in the whole game Put a little boy.  I can't blitz seven people anymore Yeah, that's my bed. I didn't even look at the C row. That's the way we closed on that boys We just tackled ourselves right there here on Monday, baby.


I'm in Tableau Public and I just pulled the Orders table in and now I'm going to pull in the Returns table. And it gives me relationships, not joins. What happened to joins? Well, they didn't go away. Relationships are better in many ways, but if you want to work with joins, just double click. And that changes you to the joins table. Now when I bring in the returns table, I can select the join I want. Hope this helps.


Okay, first off I have to apologize, it has been a long time since I've worked on this game, you know, life things got in the way, you know, having a baby and stuff I can use as an excuse, but really I shouldn't have let it go this long. But I haven't given up obviously, I'm still working on this, we're almost done. We've got the basic gameplay, so now I have to do is create a bunch of levels, which should be hard and hopefully community will help build some levels. But also I'm going to be, need to create a main menu and that is what I am going to be doing today. So let's see, I'm going to come up here, so far we've got two scenes, our level one and our game credits. We need a main menu that's able to link to both those and other levels that we create. So what I'm going to do is I'm actually going to click this plus sign and I'm going to create a new scene. I'm going to press space bar and type in camera and I am going to add a camera. I'm going to make sure in this camera tab that this is an orthographic, meaning it's more of a 2D image rather than a 3D image because we want flat stuff since this is a 2D game. I'm going to go into the side view here, grab and move this camera back some and then zero on the repair to go back to it. At this point I'm going to hit space bar and type in, actually I'll type in plane and import images plane that's add on, you have to enable it but it is installed by default. I've shown that in many previous tutorials. I'm going to make this shadeless pre-multiply and I'm going to go to a folder that I have somewhere, Blender, Games, Pop and we will go into it's under concept art and I'm going to change this to thumbnail views and this is the background shot that I'm using.  I'm going to scale it up as it says root password root because this is the background that I was planning on using and probably still will on the USB flash drives as the backdrop for the Linux distro possibly and default password is root for root. Anyway, that's why that's there, just thought I explained that. So this will be our main menu. Now all we have to do is once again hit space bar, import images plane, I'm going to go up a level and to menus and in here I've created a PNG that says level one. We'll choose that. We'll choose shadeless use alpha because it does have a transparency level and we'll say pre-multiply. Import image as plane, Rx90 to rotate it 90 degrees and then we will just scale it down. We'll grab it and move it to here. So that's going to be our button. Obviously now if we hit P to go into game mode we have no cursor. Let's do it the simple way. I'm just going to choose my camera object here and I'm going to say always python and we already have our script for mouse cursor here. And you'll notice that our button has disappeared. I'll show you why in a second, but I'll hit P. It is there and there's our cursor. Click on it. It doesn't do anything yet. The reason it's not showing up here is because it's on the same exact level as our background image. Let's hit three on the lower pad to go into side view. We're going to grab our background image and just move it back a little bit. So we have our button in front of it now instead of laying on top of each other. And now it's there, P. Okay. And with that selected I'm going to come down here. I'm going to hit control up arrow that makes with the cursor over the game logic view. We'll make that full screen just so you can see this a little easier. I am going to say I'm going to add two mouse sensors and we're going to say for this top one mouse over. So what we're going to say here, we're going to add an end, we're going to say when the mouse is over this button and the mouse has its left button clicked, then we're going to do something. And in this case, it's going to be a scene, set scene, connect these here. And then from this drop down, I'm going to choose level one because it's the level one button. So now control down arrow, bring us out of full screen mode for that. I'm going to hover over our 3D view here, press P. And now if I click on that, we go to our first level. So Q to quit or you click on the menu button. That is that button. But let's make it just like our other buttons in the game. Let's minimize these. And we're on our first frame here, I'm going to hit shift up arrow and that will bring us to 11 frames. We're jumping 10 frames. So we hit S and scale that up just a little, oh, you know what, control Z to undo that. Shift left arrow to go back to the first frame. I we need to set a scaling key frame for it at the beginning before we change it. Shift up arrow, scale a little bit bigger. I for key frame there, we'll go back to, oops, shift left arrow to go back to the first frame there. And now we're going to say on this one, we have mouse over, we're going to connect mouse over to a different little controller here. So when that sensor is active, so when the mouse is over that, just like before we're going to say, you know, let me make this full screen again for you guys here. It will be an actuator, it will be an action, it will be a ping pong or flipper, I believe is what we chose. We are going to choose our level one button and we're going to say zero frame zero to frame 11 and we will connect this here.  And then if we click it, we go into our game here. So and we will, although it does keep our regular cursor active, we'll have to look into that later on. So exit out of that or just hit Q to quit. Let's do the same thing, but this time we're going to do it for our credits. And I was going to create it completely new, but maybe we can just clone this object. So with this button selected, I'm going to hit shift D and then Z to keep it on the same axis so they line up properly. And actually I'll put this down at the bottom because it will hopefully be levels in between the two.  Let's go into a thumbnail view here, credits, open, and did not up to, oh because it's a, we're in the game, I'm sorry, talking to myself here, drawing a blank on game mode, it might be quicker just to create a whole other button instead of me remembering the differences between render mode and game mode. Because if I hit F12 now to render this out, you can see they actually both say credit now. So let's, yeah, actually they're, control Z, control Z, delete, oh no, control Z, okay. We're going to create a whole other button because it's easier than me remembering the fast way to do it. Choose that, shadeless, pre-multiply, alpha, rotate, X90, scale it down. So it's about the same size as our other button, grab it, move it down here, set a scaling key frame, up 10 frames, scale it up a little, I set another key frame, be sure to go back to the first frame, then down in here with it selected, we're going to add two mouse sensors. So I'm going a little fast now but it's doing exactly what we just did, oh not mouse over any mouse, just mouse over, and we are going to say end. So these two connected, oh if I connect it all the way, I'm going to add another controller here for just mouse over, I'm going to add actuator, scene, set scene, and this time I'm going to choose game credits, so that's the top one, I'm going to add another actuator here, and we are going to in this case say action, flipper, our game credit button, two frame 11, and connect this here, so that's quick but just redoing what we did but for a second button here, so hover, hover, hover, hover, click this one, should start our game credits, here we go, and it'll scroll through, the people help with the art, and then people who help do music for parts of it, actually the actual level one music was a song I wrote, and then it goes through the backers here and let's see, oops, I forget what I set on the credits scene, if Q, I don't know if I made a way to exit out of the credits scene, so maybe that's what we'll do in the next tutorial, so again I apologize for the delay on this being I believe the 44th pop tutorial, and I hope you enjoyed it, we're almost done, so keep on watching and thanks for your patience, have a great day.


Caves in Italy are a very typical feature in the landscape. As you might know, there's the Apennine chain that goes through the whole peninsula, so it's really easy to stumble upon caves. There are thousands of them, and during the prehistory they were used for many different reasons, but especially during the Bronze Age, most of them were used in a ritual way, strongly ritualized way. So we know more than 150 caves that were used in different ritual and burial ways. At first these caves were not recognized for what they were. They were mostly looked at as shelters for shepherds or as places where material culture could be better looked at because we don't know much about settlement sites, so since caves are quite preservative environments, material culture was taken from there and analyzed to build pottery type of chrono typologies. Finally in the early 90s, especially with Ruth Whitehouse contribution, they were finally recognized for being special places in a way. So now we know that there is not a clear distinction, there shouldn't be a clear distinction between domestic and ritual spaces and sites in archaeology, but we can now all agree on the fact that caves in Italy and in central Italy, especially during the Bronze Age, were used in a very especially a ritualized way. Today, well our research question is whether this ritualization can be generalized if rituals are the same in all caves or if there are diversities and what are the reasons for these diversities. So to do that we are going to look better into three case studies of caves that we have as a team worked for 10 years, well some for some 10 years or some a little less than these, but these are very recent studies and these caves are located in southern Lazio in central Italy. The first one is Grotta Moracavosso, which is in a mountain environment, a forested environment. It's a 60 meters long cave for what we know and it has a wide entrance and then it has a subarizontal, it is a subarizontal cave and it was used between the Paleolithic and historical times and especially during the Neolithic times but also during the metal ages. So the metal ages occupation is only found in the red square area, this one, which is very specific because it's where the light disappears and the darkness appears in the cave, full darkness. So this area is very interesting because we found the remains of one woman, adult woman buried in there, it was all disconnected, there was no skeletal connection but we have over 70% of the skeleton still there and together with these bones we also found hundreds of bones of perinatal domestic animals, so piglets and lambs mostly and also two pits, one of them contained an upside down bowl and near these pits there were spindle horse and flint harrow heads, so this really relates to some kind of ritual practice. The most interesting type of ritual performance that characterizes this cave is the one of the sacrifice of these perinatal animals, domestic animals, which is not only typical of this cave but we can find it a similar pattern also in few other caves that you see on the map. The interesting thing is that we don't find always the same combination of these animals, so we can find human bones and piglet bones or piglet bones and lambs without human bones or lambs with humans and so on, so it's not really identical from one cave to another. The second cave study is grotta di pastena, which is also in southern Lazio, it's important to stress that these caves are very close to one another, they're 40 kilometers away from one another more or less roughly. This is a gigantic cave, it's enormous several kilometers and there is a seasonal water stream going through the cave, so this is subject to seasonal floodings but there's one very very small cave, that's the one in the red circle that is very up high in the cave, so it's very hard to climb up there but it was always, it was never touched by these floodings and so it was a little treasure for us because the deposit, the archaeological deposit is very well preserved. In such a small cave, which is 30, 40 meters, square meters wide, we found the remains of very interesting structures, several earths, both on the upper part of this little cave and on the floor part of it, which looks a bit like a face if you look at it and once again we find these upside down bowls, three four of them in just this very little space, small space and the most interesting thing of all is the earths and especially the structures, well you see also many fine artifacts we found in here and those earths and structures which are very peculiar, we don't have another example at least for central Italy, where we found this cyclicality in stone pavings that if we remove them we found layers of burnt seeds, hundreds thousands of burnt seeds and then removing these burnt seeds we found another stone paving layer and so on and so on for three four times so we can see that there is a cyclicality in the occupation and this is probably the most interesting thing for this cave, looking at the burnt, well one thing I was forgetting, here this is also a bar of cave, but we found very few human bones, we found only four minimum number of individuals, two of them are children and one is a woman the other one is unknown, we only found very few bones, mostly fingers and teeth, which might indicate a primary deposition that was manipulated and some bones were taken away somewhere else, so this is a completely different burial practice from the one that we saw before, also in the other cave we find some kind of cyclicality because it's very unlikely that all those piglets and lamb bones were deposed in one single event, looking at the burnt seeds that we found we realized that there was 90% of broad beans of legumes and these is also common looking at the few paleobotanic data sets that we have for the other caves in central Italy, looking at those we realized that all the burial caves have a high predominance of pulses of broad beans whereas the only caves where these broad beans are not predominant are those that really don't have any other kind of ritual or burial practice in it and usually the diet of these people was characterized by cereal, cereal diets rather than pulses based diet which we can also see from the few evidence we have from the settlements, so this is really a specific ritual practice that connects pulses, fava beans with the burial rituals and looking at historical sources, mythology and classical religions actually we know that this connection exists later on in history, the connection between broad beans and the souls of the dead and it's probably, it was probably born much earlier during the bronze, at least during the bronze age. The third case study is Grotta di Colle Pardo, this is again a mountain forested environment, the cave is beautiful and it's characterized by these very rich spilefemes and this is very different from both the other cases that we have already examined, so this is the largest cemetery if we want to call it like that in central Italy for the bronze age, we have over 100 minimum number of individuals buried in it, so it's really really different from everything from everything else because usually the average minimum number of individuals that we find in these caves ranges between one and maybe five, six, ten, there's just a couple exceptions where they are 40 or 50 burials, a minimum number of individuals, here there are over 100 and it's not over yet and our bone expert detected several types of ritual burial practices in it, going from primary burials to postmortem manipulation, so some bones were taken and put somewhere else, some specific bones, long bones, here we can see the distribution of the different parts of the skeleton and this distribution doesn't look to be natural. We also found several fine artifacts including amber beads and finance beads and this is really an exception for central Italy and the inner part of central Italy of central up nines because usually all the other cases are known from more coastal areas, here we found an enormous number of these fine artifacts like 50 amber beads and as many finance beads and also metal work which is very rare to find in caves. Another very interesting thing related to this cave is the apparent spatial differentiation of use, so we have the entrance, illuminated entrance where there are the only cases of structures of herds and also of animal bones found indicating some kind of preparatory rituals whereas the darkest part, the innermost part of the cave is only characterized by human bones and fine artifacts that were probably personal ornaments of the dead, so there might be this kind of differentiation in the spatial use of the caves. One thing that seemed common to all those caves was the pottery, the material culture and the chronology, so if you have a look at those two tables with pottery drawings they really are identical and they are from Gratta Moracavosso and from Gratta di Colle Pardo, up to a few couple of years ago really since we started doing the radiocarbon dating we all agreed more or less on the fact that these caves were occupied mostly during the middle Bronze Age phase because of the pottery chronology and because there weren't that many radiocarbon datings but these actually these dates that we are carrying out in several different sites now tell us a different story so for example for Moracavosso cave we carried out seven, eight dates very recently and we only had results dating to Copper Age and we dated both human bones and animal bones. As for Colle Pardo, the big, big cemetery, we dated 15 different individuals and they were all dated to a late phase of middle Bronze Age so I'm not here to say that pottery type of chronology doesn't work even if it's been debated and it's still debated but the interesting thing is that these two data offer us complementary information and we can see that these caves had more complex and longer and differentiated types of ritual practices in them. We thought that they were identical that they were contemporary but they aren't and maybe the fact that pottery is very very similar to from one cave to another might mean that in that specific time of the occupation of the cave pottery was given a stronger emphasis and pots were introduced for a specific reason in that specific time whereas maybe earlier and later emphasis was given on other types of rituals so it's very interesting it's a question big question point to for us to work in the future so what have we learned so far going back to our initial research question are these all these caves do they point towards converging type of ritual or diverging type of ritual we see that at least some of the dead were often buried in these caves and we don't have many other example of aerial practices of side caves for this period we only have rock cactumes but these there are 20 or 30 no cases so far and cyclicality and repetition is one common feature for all these caves and also for the three caves that we have analyzed closer because we but in different ways so we have for example the repeated deposition of perinatal animals in the first cave in the second one we have the cyclical paving and the deposition of burnt crops and so on and in collevardo we have these repeated deposition of dead of the of the dead so it's converging and and diverging in a way another common feature might be seen in this dark light focus emphasis so we see that darkness is where the more most intense rituals were performed then we see that there are some common structural and ritual practices like the upside down parts and the broad beans recurring and also the animal bones that we've seen the perinatal bones all of these point to point towards an attention to the cycle of life of death and death of both humans and of nature and they these are best represented in caves because they really represent the innermost part of the earth the motherly part of the earth that can really hold this kind of seasonal rituals but on the other hand these are really it's not possible to generalize because we've seen that many caves are occupated during this period but not all of them so and all of them are very each cave has its special characteristics it's not all the same type of caves so there are there is the one that is very big but there's a very small cave inside and then there's the one that could even be a shepherd rock shelter because it's soup it's subarizontal and it's hospitable and then there's the callipardo cave which is so complex in spillo dams the space is used in different ways and ritual practices in all of these caves can be both linked and not linked to burial practices so this is not even a common point also within the burial practices we see that there is not just one way to bury the death and to perform burial practices so primary secondary and both of them different caves and even when we try to find a common point a common ground in the rituals involving plants and animals they are very different from one cave to the other so some of them relate to but all of them we can see they're related to ectonic called ectonic some kind of ectonic religion that in classical periods can be related to Dimitra rituals and religions so in conclusion I think that variability is the only common denominator of these rituals so there's no way to generalize them of course we they all start from a common ground that is this very strong meaning symbol is related to caves that represent this link with the nature and so it's the best place to represent the cycle of human life and death cycle and nature life and death cycle but other than that caves are so different in the way they are used even if all four ritual and even burial purposes so in conclusion the research questions for the future are are these caves used differently because each community was frequenting or few communities were frequenting one specific cave and they were personalizing the rituals or it is is it the other way around so each cave had an agency had a personality in a way and so it influenced the way communities performed in that specific cave probably as usually most of time is it's a combination of those two points of view but how can we understand more about these so there are several ways first of all we have to perform more radiocarbon dates to see the duration and the intensity of frequentation of each site DNA and isotope analysis can help us understand whether these communities were were similar were the same same size or how much they were differentiated and certainly we need to carry on more surveys surface surveys because we need to know more about settlement sites and so about settlement models and patterns in this area which is mostly known for the caves but as we have understood very well caves are very biased sites they can't tell us about the everyday life of people and so in order to know better about the religion and the symbolic world of these people we know we need to know better about their everyday life so it's a very interesting challenge for the future thank you for your attention


You're D.N.A.  I'm L.D.M. You're V.S.S. I'm D.V.D. To F.M.H. F.M.H.  Even if the things will get real gritty in the lead city Don't be silly, tryna be for the three million grease Until you see pretty Z, biggie, quick, free, free Then you check E.W.I.D. Then I'll get you gon' space-file B.B.N.A.  Yo, yeah?     Bro, you only exist for three weekends a year I'm walking all over you Just to prove you ain't flawless You vowed Mr. Two-time everything on Australian borders You tried to predict what he's gonna say And it didn't go the way you saw it Trying to block punches like Mayweather But you couldn't read a facade Carly's You're a cat And I wonder why you purpose The reason I say he's a cat He sounds like Robert Rappers When he puts the pen to the page But you're an Aussie Osborn It's only right He's fighting heads on stage You look like You struggle with simple tasks A sign that I've been wishing to ask When you're staring at the floor What are you looking for? Secret door?     I'ma tell you something that'll chill your heart I think rap to beat you But here we are Really bro, you can't expect to be threatened When you look like Emma from Taken Cross with Kane, Henry the Sad Most newcomers are shit but I've broken the mould It'll take more than token loads of the drug And blowing notes with a smoke for me to not know What I've broke but this cunt's like Kane Not cause he's throwing opponents over the ropes No, I'll use this flower of compost to expose him And show where that's an appropriate mould I chose cause you're just an overexposed A mediocre clonier bro In a quoteable so-and-so