Our guest this weekend is Dr. Guido Halsmann, a senior fellow here at the Mises Institute and a professor of economics at the University of Angers in France. And while Guido teaches in France, he's originally from Germany, so we thought we'd ask him about immigration and the ongoing migrant crisis in Europe from the perspective of Mises, Rothbard and Hoppe. We talk about the critical distinction between nation and state about who actually owns so-called public property and ought to control it and whether the concept of open borders is actually a big government status construct. Stay tuned for a great interview with Dr. Guido Halsmann. So Dr. Halsmann, good morning and thanks so much for being with us. It's my pleasure to be with you here. And welcome back to Auburn, we're looking forward to your talk later today. Yeah, it's always good to come back to my academic home. Since you're here and you're in Auburn, we thought we would talk about an issue that's very much in the Western media and especially in the U.S. press, the issue of immigration and a migration crisis in Europe, you're German, but you live and work in France. Can you tell us personally any changes you've seen over the last five years or two years in terms of the effect of immigrants in either one of those countries? In France, in my own, in the town where I live, in Angers, so there has been a significant immigration in the past five years, I would say in particular. When I arrived in 2004, there was hardly, Angers was a typical traditional French city with very low immigrant population in the city, about 10% or less. And that has increased, I would say today is probably closer to 15% or 20%. So it's not an extreme change, but I mean, it's a significant change, in particular because we got lots of immigrants two or three years ago from Africa. So they stick out more than the others because you can identify them by skin color. So you sense to a greater extent is this wave of new arrivals. In Germany, we've seen this in the news, the changes have been more dramatic, especially last year. A similar thing happened in France. So it's really a phenomenon that was limited to Germany, Austria to some extent, then also Sweden and Denmark. And I have not witnessed this personally because I didn't travel to Germany in the past six months, but I will go there actually next week. So if we do another interview at the end of the month, I can give you my first impressions. Well, you've studied the work of Mises to a great extent.  In a later edition of Human Action, he talked about the potential need for migration barriers to protect against an aggressor in, let's say, in wartime. Can you tell us a little bit about Mises, his view of human migration and what he would think of things today? Well, Mises was a liberal in the classic cost of the word. So he was opposed to government interventions. And what governments do is, well, they can actually slow down artificially, forceful by compulsion and coercion, the flow of migrants. So out of a country and into a country. Out of a country, we've seen this in the case of the Soviet bloc where the governments prevented their people from leaving and then also immigration into a country where governments imposing limits. For example, it was a traditional policy in the United States in the 19th century and also until fairly recent times in the 20th century and also in countries such as Australia, New Zealand and so on. There were always some government control on immigration flows. So this being said, what needs to be added right away is that, of course, government can not only slow down immigration artificially through violence, but they can also enforce inflation artificially through violence. And this is an important point that has been made by Mises' friend, William Röpke, writing in the 1940s. So Röpke had a similar background in personal experience as Mises. Well, he was not Austrian, he was German. But so he lived through the very difficult periods of the 1930s and gave a lot of thought to questions of migration, immigration. And he came up to this distinction, well, there's something like a natural flow of migration and that can be impeded, hampered by government intervention in both directions. So governments can both prevent that people come together who wish to live together and who wish to integrate, but they can also impose migrants on a host population, which would be just as bad. So Mises did not stress this in his writings of the 1940s, but as you have said, he eventually came around to endorse this point and said, well, we need to be careful who we let into the country. Because the liberty that we enjoy depends on the fact that people actively support the Constitution of Liberty so that the government of a free country and that they support free enterprise and so on. So if we let Nazis into the countries and Bolsheviks and so on, on mass, then of course we run the danger that these people might influence the turn of elections. So the wrong governments get to power and so on. Well, Rothbard wrote about immigration and man economy in state. He viewed it at that stage in his writing as just a form of government intervention that was designed to artificially keep wages high for the inhabitants of a particular region. Later on, he wrote this fantastic article from my perspective, Nations by Consent, and he seems to have changed and morphed a little bit and he talks about how the collapse of the former USSR affected his view. He's just talking about nations versus states. So could you elaborate a little bit on Rothbard on immigration? Well, I must say I read the essay about the time when it appeared. It was one of those writings, I think, that appeared posthumously. But I didn't study it again, so I could not comment in our detail on it. What I remember is indeed a strange of mind, which was remarkable, but which is finally, Rothbard rallied himself. That is how I experienced it at the time. He rallied himself to the Rubkin position so that government intervention can operate in both ways. It can prevent people from coming together, but it can also impose visitors that you do not really like. Just as we would not let everybody into our living room or into our property, it's natural also that you have the same reflex as far as the nation is concerned. The nation, as opposed to the state, is, well, the organic community of people who share a common political project. That's how it is typically defined in modern terms. The old Germanic definition was, well, you have common ancestry, so you belong to the same tribes, so to say the nation is some sort of a big family of tribes that share this common past and therefore are imbued with the same values and so on. Now, the nation understood in this way is independent of the state. You can have a political community without a common organization, so you can very well have a nation without a government, at least a modern state, as we know it. You can have a nation in the Germanic sense without any particular political project that is being shared by everybody or without a common government. The nation then in a free society, in a free setting where there's no intervention by force, no violation of property rights, a nation is an organic body that develops or evolves spontaneously. It's not something monolithic that stays the same as, let's say, ethnic purity or something that is preserved as a political purity that remains the same throughout the course of the time, but it changes under the impact of millions of individual decisions. The changes that occur are bottom-up. They start in individual decision-making or in choices that are made within families and so on and then ultimately come to be reflected in the outer appearance of this community that we call a nation. As soon as we have government interventions which might concern the composition of the nation which might seek to give a particular political project or, as I say, a big idea in French, the idea that politics should create a common project for all members of the nation. In that case, of course, the development is no longer organic, but you get the typical consequence that results from government intervention. Do you think modern libertarians make a mistake in the sense that they seem to be hostile to concepts of organic nationalism and even family and culture? Yeah, I think definitely there is some such tendency among libertarians as well as in the general population. Yesterday we talked a little bit about the subject and I told you that I was surprised how strongly public opinion seems to have changed on these questions in Germany because you have a population that is not particularly libertarian in most respects, right? But then on this question of migration, suddenly everybody seemed to rally to the opposition that it's a very bad thing if the government prevents people from coming which is a very strong libertarian positioning in many ways. So it's kind of surprising. So it's not surprising then that libertarians were after all also part of society would be also imbued with the same ideas. Now certainly, again we have to remind ourselves as libertarians, libertarian doesn't mean libertinism, it doesn't mean anything goes. The liberty that we enjoy, the political liberty that we enjoy is based on private property. And so our liberty extends only to the limits of our own property. So that of course has implications also for the flow of migrations. I mean there is no such right just to go to any place you like, right? Nobody has the right to just pop up in my living room and claim that he's unjustly prevented by my door or something or by the walls of my house and so on. And for the same reason I think there is no such right as a categorical right that you go to any place, any other foreign nation or other foreign country is no such right, right? You have the right to the extent that you have the consent of the property owners, the people who help you to go there, you have an airfare carrier and so on so you make a contract with them, you have contractual relationships with people who are running the streets in this and that country, the people who are owning houses where you can render a space or buy a space and so on, to the extent that you get this consent of existing owners, yes you can do this but if you don't have this consent well of course then you are just an intruder by plane and sample. Now the problem that we have is of course public ownership, right? We have public ownership of airports, public ownership of streets and so on and so here we create a political problem. Now this of course is the heart of the question. Now I think from a libertarian point of view we cannot just jump to the conclusion that government should prevent nobody to use public space in this and that way and of course that would be out of the impracticable. For example we have a public library we cannot say well the government should impose no rules on how the books should be used. This is silly just because it's a public property. You cannot do anything that you wish on the street so why should you be free unconditionally without any limitations just to use the street? My point is it doesn't go per se that this is the libertarian position of anything goes as far as public property is concerned. Well Hoppe talks about this. He says that so-called public space really ought to be seen as owned by taxpayers and taxpayer preferences. Actually this is much stronger, it's much more sensible. I think it's more conform to common sense to make this kind of claim. Let me ask you about his point in the sense that imported goods have been ordered by a factory or something in the US and will eventually be paid for whereas there are sometimes wholly uninvited immigrants into a country. Do you think that's a legitimate distinction? Yeah I think absolutely. Immigrants may be welcome to the extent because when they come to a country it's not that you have just barren land that is owned by nobody. In the US you still have large chunks of land that are not used by anybody. Actually they're owned all by the federal government as I understand to some extent by state governments. Okay this is a separate issue but usually if you come to a place that is civilized where people would like to go because they don't want to go into the desert and Nevada and so on into the Rocky Mountains they go to places where there are people and so on. Well all of this already owned by somebody and so we have public space run by politicians elected by finally well by tax payers and are responsible to the citizens who elect them and they have to finance all these projects. So I think yes if you just come you don't have a right just to show up and expect that you should be hosted. This is contrary to common sense. You don't even need to be libertarian to come to this conclusion. Well one final question undoubtedly we're a long way from a hoppy and private property type order. We're going to have public property for the foreseeable future. So given that reality what would you say as a practical matter ought to be a libertarian perspective to let's say immigrant criminality or immigrant abuse of welfare systems in Germany? Well I mean as a practical the most important things that we should stress from a libertarian point of view is that it's not the libertarian position the public space should be used as anything goes. So it's fully a consonant with a libertarian position that the government if it tries to represent the feelings and the objectives of the of the population that has elected it well then it should pursue policies that control to some extent the flow of these people you don't let just anybody in and by the way this is already a current practice in countries that have immigration policies rational immigration policies such as Canada such as Australia such as New Zealand so even for the US this is a fairly recent thing that you just open the doors and their people are cheering and saying well the door should be open for everybody and so on certainly from a libertarian point of view this is not a good policy and finally I should maybe also add another consideration. Of course this policy clearly as far as labour markets is concerned is has at least in the short and in the medium run negative repercussions on those already there the level of revenues of real revenues well depends on the amount of capital that is available the amount of capital does not increase with the kind of immigration that we get from Latin America from Africa and from other countries so necessarily then the remuneration is diluted also already there and so this creates a short run interest. Now the only institution or group of people who benefits from this as a whole are of course politicians and also to some extent people in the financial industries because what you get of course if the population increases you have more factors of production so as a consequence GDP tends to increase overall GDP tends to increase not GDP per capita is precisely the bottom experience of the people at the base but of course for the government this is very important to have an increase of GDP because this means higher tax revenue for the banks it's important that GDP increases because this permits an extension of the credit economy so we have to look at this also by taking these points into consideration and not ending up being just the puppets the useful puppets of the usual interest of parties. Thank you for your time we'll be very interested in your next report from Germany and ladies and gentlemen have a great weekend


in the sequels. He's entirely within his character. Yeah if Luke puts on a dress here it makes sense because he wore clothes here. It's all the same.  So why did Luke throw away his lightsaber in that throne room. Oh well what what led him to do that. Why why would he have done that. Why would he have discarded his weapon in that throne room right.  He had he was resolute in his position that he would not do something that was foundationally immoral that was wrong that would directly result in the death of somebody that he cared for in some way and that he wouldn't submit to the emperor. Well isn't that what's going on in in TLJ. Isn't it Ray asks him to kill Vader whatever right with the sword. And I guess in TLJ he throws the lightsaber away to give the audience a giggle even though Luke like a realistic or reasonable Luke an actual Luke not Jake from State Farm.  Everything that it had been through who had wielded it what it was used for. He wouldn't just cat like someone just shows up with a lightsaber that means so much to you and he's just like tosses it away and walks away without a thought without without a word. He doesn't say anything. He is like he doesn't even care is like shouldn't you be concerned someone found you when you came to the most unfundable place in the galaxy. Like if she found if some chick found you with your lightsaber who the who else could find you what if it was Snoke could Snoke find you could the first order find you. There are other people on this island should be you should you be concerned about their safety what about the safety of yourself.  The amount of ways that this breaks apart are incredible. Mind boggling. Like I said he's he's he seems like he's just compiled a lot of the standard arguments. We've been through these a million times and it's it's as surface level as Luke threw his lightsaber before he's in character. Luke attacked Vader that means attacking Kylo is the same. You think that I came to the most unfundable place in the galaxy for no reason at all. That saber is a symbol of every no no if anything literally not and if anything that line would back up what I said not what he's saying. If anything that specific lightsaber wouldn't really make much sense for that line since he hasn't had it since the end of episode five. It's a symbol for all that is to him. Everything that went wrong in his life he resents it and the myth surrounding him but it puts Luke in the painful position of knowing that everyone's last hope is resting with him and there's nothing he can do for them his resolve to stay did do you mean there's nothing he can do for him. Why would that be his conclusion. Why would he think there is nothing I can do. Maybe showing up that could you know even saying hello I'll probably do something for the morality team but okay. Disconnected and the end of the Jedi begins to crack. He's reminded of the good he was able to do while inspired by the Jedi myth and the bad that happened when he was there. Wait why did he oh wait he's saying that the dice symbolize Han and Han's death is the bad. While I understood that to be the bad was reference referencing. Solo is the bad you're like oh. Surrounding him but it puts Luke in the painful position of knowing that everyone's last hope is resting with him and there's nothing he can do for them. His resolve to stay disconnected. How does he know there's nothing he can do. How does he know that. Cause he's depressed I guess. He's sad he's a sad man. He's old. Remember he's old. He is old. A Jedi begins to. Wouldn't this just make him resolute to try all the more. No no no. Crack. He's reminded of the good he was able to do while inspired by the Jedi myth and the bad that happened when he wasn't there. Rey wears him down to the point that he not only begins teaching her but opens himself back up to the Force. Yeah it didn't take much did it. Yeah it's kind of weird how that could happen so quickly. Yeah. Randy managed to crack your entire 10 year developed perspective at the very least so good job Luke. And yeah and if you're talking about Yoda then it's like man he should have showed up like years decades ago.  So yeah. Yeah. Someone said my dad went to Octu to get some books 30 years ago. Is he coming back. And to justice he's ready to return with her history repeats. Don't do this. You must not go. Believing he's lost her and only made. Okay. Yeah. Both of them. Strip away all the context and it's the same there. This is so dishonest. Well like when he cut the seed before the laser exploded all the people we love after Rose said protect the people we love. You read like that. Or the time that he tried to defend Leia surviving through space while deliberately leaving out parts of the article that defeat his argument. Yeah I'm confused Rags how did you conclude what you just said he's everything's been so great so far. I don't believe I don't believe you when you say this you too were has made good content. Hey man. I don't know. Have you seen it. Have you. Hey no and I never go into watch any of this somewhere. Out there. T.L.J. Rocks the brain. Okay. Maybe everything before this was okay. If he's correct about anything I'm going to be convinced it's by accident. Oh man. Things worse again. He recommits to torching the last remnants of the Jedi when Yoda finally sets him straight on the last theme. Failure. Yoda sets him on the last theme. I was Jesus Christ. He has to tell him the theme. Luke by being terrible much like all of the failures of the Jedi because they suck.  But you got to do it by appearing as a ghost to trick Kylo into thinking you're actually there so that a few seconds go by for team good guys. Okay. That's what you got to do. Failure most of all. The greatest teacher failure. The series is full of that's just crazy enough to work plans and this may be the first time it actually doesn't work. No, because I plan was retarded. Is he referring to their plan to get the code breaker as the crazy enough to work but just didn't. It's like what stopped their plan was a random droid spotting them.  No, no, I feel like if I do something correct then that's a pretty solid teaching that what I did was something I should stick with. Failures are an inevitable part of life and they don't always happen for poetic reasons. Like Luke, the good guys tried to help and only made things worse. When? What? When? When? Oh, he's referring to Poe who's trying to help and it leads to getting everyone killed. Yeah, that's because of Holdo. She's like the villain. Also, but again, this is like Poe saved everyone. Poe saved everyone's lives so that they that some of them would die at a later date due to attacks. Why save an army if later on someone in the army could die? I just don't. This is insane. Let's just carry on because I didn't realize that the title of this video was a guide to the last Jedi of her Star Wars for the Star Wars fan base. This is a guide to how to write things terribly. He's just copied other people's work anyway. All of these arguments are just reformed from other places. I've seen these a million times over. It's just a collection of all of them put into one video and somehow it apparently works. Even though you got all those snipes in there too, by the way.  You have to not be paying attention to not know the thing. Yeah, I only mis-represents several movies that came before. Mis-represents an article about bits, information that gets in the way.  Is he going to? We only have 10 minutes left. Well, that's a lifetime in eFap, yes. But failure is not a license to withdraw and stop trying. Still looking to the horizon. You're here. The need in front of your nose. Luke still has an obligation to pass on what he knows and to fulfill the need the universe has of him. I can't be what she needs me to be. He realizes that the answer is to be who she needs him to be. Oh, oh, all right. I would have never guessed. All righty. All right. And so he does what he said he couldn't. I'm gonna walk out with a laser sword and face down on the hole. Why would you say that? You didn't face them. That's not facing them. You're not even there. That's putting a laptop screen in front of them and activating Skype and being like, hey, come at me. See, I faced the whole first order. I faced them. No, you didn't. Well, he faced them in a. Like in the sense of he is facing them like directionally. Yes, they are both. And people think that he did. Racks, the legging spread. Remember little kids playing with the toys, they think he did it. So they're they're front. He lied to the world. Isn't that great? Okay. It's like there's like no way you can spin this where it turns good. It's like it's always terrible. Because that's what the Luke they believe in would do. He's using his old light. Well, then why wouldn't he just show? Okay. So why wouldn't he just show up and say, no, no, no, I'm only one guy and I'm an old guy. So I can't like do everything, but I can certainly help you out. I can offer my advice and I could, you know, help to fight against the force users and stuff like that. But I can't single-handedly win this. Why didn't why didn't Luke just show up and say that? Is like, no, I'll definitely help. You just have the wrong impressions of what I'm capable of. I'd also like to highlight. Why didn't he say that? If you if you're sitting next to him at this point in the film where she offers the lightsaber and he's like, no. And you go, hey, Luke, why did why didn't you do that?  She thinks I can just win this war. It's crazy. And you're like, no, I think she just I think she just wants you to try and help. Like, could you do that?  Like, oh, oh, well, you know, just turning up and being like, hey, what's happening guys and going on missions to try and make things better. No, that's all out of it because he can't what be the hero that everyone expects him to be. Okay, I guess I guess to Luke, it's more important that he disappoints them completely than just disappoints them a little bit. Yeah, better to be nothing than to fail it being incredible. But then you finally decides the end of the film. It's okay to fail. Yeah, I guess. You think he may have known that already, but no, no. Someone said the force. Ray Googled it. He wrote a sword that he's been refusing because now he accepts that role again. It's also the sword that rejected Kylo Ren. He didn't reject Kylo Ren. The sword rejected him. Yeah, it's the lights. It doesn't think it's a tool. Dude, as it flows past Kylo, it has like little hands that come out, pushing away like, yeah.   It just like spits on him as it goes.  As it flies past its head, it just activates and chops its head in half. Okay. The lightsabers get names now and they're like pets and they make decisions on who they're loyal to. They're not just. I mean, they're just extensions of the force rags and the force controls everything. It literally controls who wins and loses. All right. It's great. Yeah, it's great. It belongs to me. It doesn't and Luke is rubbing his face in it. He even presents himself exactly as Kylo Ren last saw him. What? All that Ben has wanted to do from the start is kill Luke just like Vader killed Obi-Wan. I want that map. Yeah, no, that's clear. The motivation is that he thinks that like Luke is the reason that everything went to shit, right? In his memory, he sees Luke as this monster that tried to murder him.  I just want to highlight, by the way. I think we mentioned this earlier, just the whole Luke being like, kind of being like, you're here to save my soul? That looks like no. Luke, maybe don't do it that way. This guy's the reason why you locked yourself away on an island and cut yourself off from the force.   What a pity. His anger is his biggest weakness and exploits it. Not just to buy time, but as a final lesson. For the second film in a row, Kylo is left knowing that this path has ruined him. Yeah, it's almost like he just keeps flip flopping. Doesn't really know what he's doing. Crazy. What a poor guy. Look how much it upset him to see his ex- ex- mother- His father's ex-girlfriend. Yeah. He was like, man, why is this here? His ex-mother. My brain's clearly not realizing the connection there. It's just like, yeah, ex-mother, that makes sense. Luke is saving the resistance on a literal level, but he's also title of the scene. No, he's not. What do you mean? There wasn't a way out until Ray made one. Yeah, Ray's order saved him. And he didn't tell anyone about that, including Ray because he probably didn't know himself. But he was just pretty much just like, oh, I hope you figure something out. Meme repository just said the dice rejected him too. The dice spit on him. He's like, stop it. Why is he doing this? He's together. He understands that erasing the history of the Jedi won't serve future generations. That the lessons of their failures will only help Ray forge that new path. He's accepted that his hero myth is more important to the galaxy than anything else he can give. Yeah, it's pretty crazy that he didn't have these conclusions already. It's like, he got drove into this position arbitrarily and insane. It's just through insane means. I don't know. It's like having all these great realizations that the Jedi aren't all bad. They can be inspiring. Like in all these other things, you're just like, wait, why wasn't this the status quo? Why did we, why weren't we here already? That it doesn't really matter if he is that hero or not. It's been shown. How do you think the myth happened by him doing heroic things? It kind of goes back to what was said before. Why would he? It's like, it's not even really about the myth part. Luke should want to do what's right. He should want to save his sister. For the Jedi reason. And stop. Like if anything, for no reason other than he loves Leia and he wants to protect his sister, that he should like get his rear and gear and do stuff. Of course, can be draining. I can't. They're not doing this.  Luke knows he won't survive this, but that his legend will. When the resistance fails and the spark of hope dies, Luke becomes the spark. Oh, could it would have been if they like escaped just as he was heading outside? And like there was no story because they're just like, I don't really know what he did. We just left. Yeah. It's like, yeah, we left. And I never saw him again. I guess he died, but even even if they did, I still find it ridiculous that any of them could actually know what even happened. It's weird. He's walked out. I mean, that's what but that's what the first order would say we killed Luke Skywalker. Yeah, that's what would be the accepted story in the galaxy. The model objective is that of saving a people or saving a person or saving an idea. Something that he just didn't want to do in the time between this film and when he tried to bid a Kylo for no reason. Weird. Yeah. I love how there's all these arguments about how he's like totally in character. And it's like, what about all that other stuff? And it's like, well, I that was because. Look, the two sons. Do you see? That means it's good. Two sons, two sons. Yeah, this is. Yeah. This poet rhymes. Yeah. That's the morality of it. I mean, that's where it ended. We're half an hour. We nearly there. We nearly did it. At the end of the film, we can see the impact of Luke's decision. Nope. Yeah. It is baffling.  How would this be the story to tell as opposed to Luke who went up all the way to the center of the Death Star or whatever and fought Vader himself, defeated him and then stood up to the emperor instead of just like, I don't know, like this weird story where he teleported to an island that he wasn't actually on. Sorry, not on the planet. And then something happened. Not really sure he disappeared. It was weird. Question mark. And like I said, God forbid, the stormtrooper side of the story comes out. Yeah. How did these kids learn about this through who? Who told them 20 people on there's 20 people on a ship versus the first in their propaganda. They put it on the website of Jedi dot org or whatever. Okay. I would love to ask somebody like, how did these kids learn about that to tell Leia made a message. She sent it out to everybody. Yeah, it makes sense. Not long after the battle, the kids are re-enacting what happened on crate. Oh, that must be impressive. He's given a new generation hope. And because Star Wars fans fall over themselves to willfully misinterpret everything in the most literal way possible, people thought this was about setting up a broom boy trilogy. What? It's about wearing John's broom boy socks as Disney. Why couldn't why can't it be this? Why can't it be that he's going to be in a film later? I'm pretty sure that we do that. Jenny Nicholson did this tweet recently.  Yeah, as opposed to this the original trilogy of events. Poe destroying the star killer base. Like that happened a few days ago and apparently this is more important. This is more meaningful. It's like how come they're not idolizing Poe as the galactic hero of the of this war? Why Luke? Like Poe did these things a few days ago, essentially. Yeah, I mean surely Poe's story would actually be way more impressive. Way more impressive. He's not even a Jedi. Yeah, the machine that destroyed five planets Poe Dameron was able to destroy. And yeah, the idea that there were people saying like it's clearly broom boy trilogy coming up. It's like, I mean it could happen. Yeah, it's not unreasonable.  New hints about wearing John's broom boy socks. Has Disney canceled broom boy? Ten reasons the broom boy trilogy is going to fail. Most YouTubers I've seen ignore the mythology and totally miss the point as a result. They ignored the mythology? Oh my God. Yeah. Oh my goodness. You misrepresented the movies how many times? You misrepresented science how many times? You're going to tell us that we're the ones that ignore the mythology.  What a crime.  I'm sorry.  Everybody, can you believe all these people actually looking at what's in the film and not extrapolating this to some crazy myth or message or theme? They're actually going by what their eyes saw.  They didn't reference the law at all. Sorry. The myth. The law would have made it some sense not referencing the myth itself. That's their flaw.  Zolt.  This is bizarre. This didn't seem like a single of vision. This seemed like the vision of producers who were making a property for money because they acquired it. So it's the weird idea of an eccentric filmmaker and the corporate committee project. The fact that they reuse the OT music to just pluck those heart strings, you really think that's not completely motivated by being like, remember the OT, remember it, pay for this movie? Does he think that if Disney knew that this would do this, if they knew ahead of time that if Ryan Johnson goes ahead with this, it would split the fan base this way and the next Star Wars film they released would lose money? Do you think they'd still give them the green light on everything? Do you think they'd do that? Yeah, for clarification, they want the thing that'll please the most and make the most money. I think we'd all agree on that. When they hand it off to a director slash writer, they're gambling, which is fine. I'm not saying that's a bad thing. It's just that this guy, he had his own ideas. Not to mention, he's still trying to appeal to like absolutely money maker. Of course he wants to make money. I'm not going to say it's 100% soulless. I think Ryan was trying to achieve something somewhere that he would consider meaningful. I just don't think that he achieved it. I think he failed miserably.    Lots of them ticking boxes that mean it should do X, Y, and Z money-wise. Why do you think Palpatine is in the next film?  Man, I remember Palpatine. Oof, they acquired it. So it's the weird idea of an eccentric filmmaker and the corporate committee project. The soulless corporate decision would have been to do easy fan service. Not a lot. Why do you keep calling it fan service for characters that care about each other to be with each other? I don't understand. It's baffling. It's only called, they wouldn't have called it fan service before TLJ came out. It would have just been the logical progression of events of the film. It would have been just reasonable stuff that happens.  These two would never speak to each other after the original trilogy. No.  Poe Dameron, he's the only character in this movie with an arc. All right, let's see. Puts her past aside in order to move forward as the sole heir to the Jedi legacy. Does she? No, she doesn't. Near the end of the film, she's still asking about her parents. So, nope. All right, so let's move to Luke. Overcomes his failure by resurrecting his legend and saving the goddamn universe. No, he hasn't saved anything yet. I suppose you can call that an arc. The problem is the beginning. It's completely arbitrary. It's been set from nowhere. It's like, almost like saying like A is B at the beginning and it turns into C. And it's like, yeah, our problem is that A can't be B. So, you know. All right. So, we have Ben. Abandoned his escape of the first order and accepts his place as a resistance hero. I guess you could summarize the events of Historylight that way. It's just that they're all really tizzy-by. Yeah, that's how we got there. That's a huge issue. Can I just... I love the answers, the call to adventure on Rose. Okay. Discovers her potential.   Like, actually, Rose Tico is a worthless person to have. What do you mean? She like grew. She prevented the saving of everyone. How is that bad? That's pretty impactful. Oh, if anything, she's counterproductive. And let's see. Kylo Ren breaks free of Snoke's manipulation and sets his future on his own path. And that's not true at all. He breaks free of Snoke's manipulation and becomes Snoke. Pretty much. He keeps going down the exact same path. He doesn't make his own path. He just becomes Snoke. He just replaces Snoke. That's not true at all. Wow, this is... This is a really shitty video. Mr. Plinkit, the internet's foremost critic of the prequels, spent the first half of his review struggling to invent plot holes. So you say to yourself, I guess it doesn't really matter how the first order found the rebel base, right? But you know, it adds something. Okay. So, um, the... There... This is... He's right by it right now. What happened is an... I actually spoke to ER about this as well because he did the same thing. At the beginning of TLJ, the first orders show up.  How did they find him?  The base that they're on at the beginning of TLJ is the same base they were on in TFA, which was the base that was about to get fired at by the Starkiller base. And they'd found it and stuck in TFA. There's a scene where Hux just walks in the room and says, We have found them. Blah, blah, blah. So, naturally, they know what that base is. Now, agreed. He's right. This is a mistake with Plinkett and ER's reviews. Um, so that is less than 1% of their points are now invalid. Mm-hmm. All right. What else you got? Because he just said he's inventing plot holes. Um, that's... What about all the other actual plot holes? I was gonna say, bit of a harsh interpretation, right? I'm happy for you to have that interpretation instead of it being a mistake he made.  But I'm curious now if you're gonna talk about all the ones he got right or not. I don't know. Yeah. You mean the guy who deliberately leaves things out to support his arguments might only focus on the things that will support his arguments? I am certain he's going to clarify his position and say that Plinkett did highlight some plot holes that were relevant and accurate. Then he just made a mistake with this one. I'm sure that's what he's gonna do. Oh, I definitely. I guess it doesn't really matter how the First Order found the Rebel base, right? But you know, it adds something. That was in the last movie. We have their location. We tracked their reconnaissance ship to the elite system. Yeah, he's right. That's a mistake. Why are they even bothering chasing down an elderly lady and all of her friends?  They did just blow up their incredibly important weapon. You might remember it as a little thing. Yeah, so, uh, what Plinkett's getting at is that, uh, if they're this all-powerful, huge, uh, force that can, like, spread across the galaxy, why are they chasing this small selection of people?  Like an empire to run? Yeah. A galaxy to conquer? That was part of the confusion. It's like, shouldn't they be, like, Snoke is literally here and he's got, like, what seems to be his entire fleet. Like, what are they doing? They're just chasing these guys? Like, okay, just let a star destroyer do it, I guess. Yeah, sure.   It's strange that they have so many people, uh, go after them like this. I don't, I don't think it's valid to say that this is a completely relevant point. I think there's a conversation to be had.  But this is the important part. If you add an echo effect, it makes you more... It was funnier. He's funny.  The last time we saw Luke and here's how the film should have ended. Join me. I agree. You probably noticed that Titanic didn't end after hitting the ice party.   Titanic isn't a trilogy. It tells a completely different story. Wow. How do you compare these two like that? What? In every sense of context, that is a completely different story.  How do you do that? How do you say the ending of the second film should be representative of the end of a singular film? Also, how would you... The trilogy, I mean. How is it even a counter if someone says, I think this is probably in the realm of the subjective where the film should have ended at this offer and then the silence? It's like, that would have been a pretty nifty little cliff hanger. I mean, it would have been nifty or we all know Ray would have said no. But it would have been a nifty little idea, you know? Because for starters, it would maybe give them a reason to not have Crate be a thing and Crate is a disaster on every level. Genuinely though. But I wouldn't have gone... Yeah. If Titanic was a trilogy, I could totally picture the end of the second Titanic film being when the ice pig hits. Absolutely. The first episode, it establishes why everyone... Why are they going to where they're? Why are they going to America? Why are these characters interacting with one another? What are their motivations? What are their relationships with one another? You continue that and to the second film where things are starting to break down and maybe you've got some interpersonal dialogue that insist that, no, maybe relationships are breaking up and whatnot. And then, boom, all of a sudden iceberg hits and then you know you have a whole movie to devote to how all of these characters deal with this tragedy that's after. I think it'd be pretty interesting actually. I think it would be too. We could even be due for a new interpretation of Titanic and it could be a trilogy... The three-part mini-series. Yep, why not? Your point is hilarious. I love it. You know what?  Do they know nothing about how Titanic didn't end? What idiots? What fools? Titanic... So now, so like, are these saying that ending any middle thing on a cliffhanger is bad because Titanic?   That should have been the last time we saw Luke and here's how the film should have ended. Join me. You probably noticed that Titanic didn't end after hitting the iceberg and Seven Samurai didn't end when the bandits arrived at the village. It's not a trap. It's not a trilogy. It's not a trilogy. It doesn't work this way. Because we know there's going to be another movie in a few years to resolve all of this stuff. It's a cliffhanger to keep us interested and it makes sense in the universe. It doesn't break any temporal rules in the Star Wars universe to have a break between movies here. What is he getting at? What's his point? Before resolving the threads you just spent two hours building up is a terrible idea. What? Someone could only suggest this if they didn't even know those threads are there. I was like, oh yeah, it worked really well the way they did it. There you go. Oh yeah. Plink it only... They knocked it out of the park. Plink it only suggested it because he wasn't even aware of the plot threads that were actually in the film. I just love all these like bitter stabs. Yay. Why don't you like TLJ? Yeah. You just don't understand films. You don't get how stories work. You don't like themes. You aren't smart enough to understand. I'm going to put that I can tell actually. He goes wrong and hears a lot. People who like cliff hangers probably didn't know that Titanic didn't end with the ice big hitting the boat. Super chat's really good. Infinity War ended on a massive cliff hanger and in-game hype sane. Well, yeah, well, maybe it shouldn't have because Titanic with the Russo have the Russo seen Titanic? I don't think so. I don't think they're aware of it. I don't think they have if they had seen Titanic they would have known they would not end on the same cliff hanger. That's a terrible point. Two hours building up is a terrible idea. Someone could only suggest this if they didn't even know those threads are there.  People only seem to think about Yeah.   The film in terms of how much they hate it they'll make fun of Leah flying through Yes. Yeah. Because it was it looked ridiculous. A little R2D to breathe.  Because it's terrible choreography. Yeah. I don't really care if this is on someone's firing this laser would have won the war. Yeah. But they didn't have any motivation to shoot an empty pod. Yeah. They literally thought that it was empty. So why would they waste ammo on it? That's probably just why I do it. Is that should be fire? Is that not reason? Yeah, like why? They had already shot at the ship. So it stood to reason that they would believe that there was a malfunction in one of the escape pod.  Anyway, this isn't the last Jedi. This is another movie we're not talking about. This ladies and gentlemen is called Water Bouchism. They've got to. They've got to be like, oh yeah. Well, this other thing bad in this other place in this other time this movie from 30 years ago that has not very good. My goodness.  Yeah. Well, murderers have killed people planning over time. Oh. Okay. And if anything is like don't you think we shouldn't make mistakes that they made back then? What's the point here? That it's okay to continue making mistakes? Like what's the point? What are you trying to get at? You're just hating.  Yes. It's a big circle joke. Something. A list of forbidden last Jedi defenses. It's true. An entire legion of my best. Yes. Because people usually defend this part of the OT. People are often saying that the Ewok attack of the Stormtroopers made complete sense. We've ever loved it. It's not like the sixth film is often considered the worst of the three. All of that is invented. Rogue One seems to be more what most people meant when they said they wanted movies like the originals again. Movies that remind us of the originals, that look like the originals, but not movies that are actually written like them. We've got Star Wars exactly where we want it.  Show us the stuff we've seen before, doing the stuff we've seen before. I don't know. Is he aware that a lot of people don't like Rogue One? Yeah, a lot of people don't. I don't really like it. I think it's fine mostly. I'm not a huge fan. This is weird. He's like... And again, this isn't the whole thing like you can't change anything or you can't add things to it.  He's appealed to Plinkett being wrong. Plinkett plus the half of the bad guys. Like they spearheaded how bad Rogue One was. They made loads of videos. They had to respond to their fan base with additional videos trying to explain why Rogue One's bad because they got such backlash. I just like... Come on, man. Come on. We gotta be consistent here. Also, yeah, he did... I'm assuming he's not going to now. But he didn't mention how much Plinkett got right in terms of plot holes. He just said that he invented them. And how many examples did he come up with? Was it one? Yeah. And what, how long was that? Does that remind you of anybody like, oh, was it Quinton Reviews saying, look at the stuff Mola complains about in his five-hour review and then I talk about a piece of dialogue and he's like, see? Craziness. So it is... So Plinkett, the last Jedi review is a 58 minute... 58 minutes. You found one minor thing and one thing that still holds up, quite frankly. So... And so... 58 minutes. Yeah. A bit disappointing, but there we are. Yeah. Where no one gets hurt. Yeah, because nobody was saying the layer looked like porcelain and the grammar of talking was terrifying and uncanny valley. Nobody was saying that. Everyone loved it.  It's what YouTube is for. But when I dislike something, I make a genuine effort to understand why it turned out that way. Did you? Okay. Is there some kind of appeal I'm missing? Am I seeing it from all sides? Yeah. Practically nothing is complete. I don't think anyone I don't think anyone has ever said that all of the changes are terrible. And the... He's got to be... Can't say I've ever heard that. I think even the people who hate everything about it would probably concede that there was some stuff they thought was fine. Oh, look, it's about... You guys... Oh, we'll tell you what. I need to use the loo. So I'll be back. All right. Look, everyone, it's Robot Head, Moeller and Vito. We're all here. And I'm sure we're going to get something disparaging said about us in a moment. How exciting. Always fun. Also, we started really early with this one, right? And we're nearly six hours. I wonder if this is the longest time we've spent on a video, but in fairness, the video is 40 minutes or almost. Yeah. Man, I'm glad. It's almost kind of... cozy, not cozy. What's the word I'm trying to look for?  Two years ago.  You're all all right. We're almost done, at least. Almost there. We're getting there. Wow, that was the quickest kiss I've ever seen from all sides. Really? Well, you were gone for only like 20 seconds. It was pretty quick. All right, I just went and did my business and wiped my hands and came back. Hey, check it out. Jacob's quest said, I've never come across a plot hole in TLJ that hasn't been directly explained in the movie itself or a piece of material that has existed for years. Okay, disappearing knife on Ray. Done. We can move on now. All right. Practically nothing is completely bad and devoid of value. Except for your video. Considerations like this separate good criticism from bad. Oh, get fucked, Vito. Bad criticism. Yeah, it's only 95% bad, not 100%. When you are calm, at peace. I didn't really like the last Jedi when leaving the theater. It's like the second and third act of a trilogy wedged together. And with Disney rushing the films out in just two years, it's inevitable that a movie this ambitious will turn out on even. I don't think anyone finds the Kanto bite stuff as interesting as Luke and Ray's story. Oh, that cuts off people's hands. It's finally talking about Kanto bite. Thank goodness. Yay. I thought the movie was funny, but they may have gone too far in a few places. Oh my goodness. He's actually making some, he's conceding some things. Thank God. Well, he just didn't understand the themes of Kanto bite. So there.  I like that that doesn't destroy any of it for him. He's like, no, it's fine. They were just lucky. It's fine. Oh, and by the way, on this pause, can you see what looks, it looks like guns. Looks like the potential for a gunner there. Can you see that? It looks like some kind of, maybe you don't have the same screenshot as me, but it looks like there could be a gun on that ship that there was actually lasers on the ships they were driving on crate. Maybe. I don't know. Maybe. Maybe. But I didn't rush to judge it. The more I thought about it, the richer I realized the storytelling was.  Weird how that works. Almost like there's one side that does think about it and another that doesn't. What are you? What? How could you say? Wow. He was the one who said that we need to pay more attention. Okay. So maybe you're wrong. Okay. Peace. And the fault started to seem comparatively petty. And when listening to Ryan Johnson talk about it, everything I was thinking lined up perfectly. Oh, so it was exactly what you thought it was, I guess. Also. What do you know? Do you remember the quote from Ryan where he was like, have you had any of the criticism at even fair? No. No. I studied all the religions and it just so happens the one that I was born with is the completely correct one. I like it because it's what Ryan Johnson said it was and I guess I was right. Reminds me of, remember when Major Lee says- This is confirmation bias? Yeah.  And then he said in his own TFA video that he wanted Ray's parents to be nobody and that he was really happy that he turned out to be right. And it was like, wait. Do you say they're all just upset because they would they didn't get what they wanted. But that was what you wanted. You got it. It's just as arbitrary, isn't it? It's like, nope. Really well done. And poor guy, she's going to be Emperor Palpatine's daughter his granddaughter and anyone. She's not going to be nobody at all. It's going to be like the most somebody you can possibly get. Poor guy. That if he brings the Jedi back into this then the Sith are going to rise up again and the whole thing is going to start again.  Yeah. In the last movie, they destroyed five planets, by the way. I don't know if you were there. I don't know if you like watched any of the source material. Imagine this is this group of people going around house by house gunning people down.  And then you go, well, if we do that, what if more bad guys show up? I'm like, uh. Yeah. It's a good point. I never thought of it in that perspective.  I don't know. I guess we'll just die. Wouldn't want to help contribute. That's the important thing. That if he brings the Jedi back into this, then the Sith are going to rise up again. And the whole thing is going to start again. And it's just that's retarded. How come the interviewer didn't slap you? I really wish you were there as the interviewer.   For one of the people who hates this movie, nothing I've said has changed your mind. And that's fine. I understand a lot of the complaints and even share a few of them. Hey. I get that not everyone is as forgiving as I am. Hey, get it? Because that's a Vader reference. Remember? All right. Remember? Yeah. But if you take anything from this, it's to take it down a notch. The backlash is originating from a place of love for the series. But I don't think fans realize how vicious and hateful it gets when it all pulls together.   We've also been accused of harassing Kelly Marie Tran off of social media, even though we literally never did that. Three of us personally have been called misogynists. I've had somebody who desires to kill me. Personally, they've said they're desperate to kill me. It's like, I would not take it down a notch. Absolutely not. They clarified that they simply want me to disappear.  After literally saying I want to kill Mahler because he doesn't like The Last Jedi, the people who like this movie are literally mentally insane.  Calm down. It's like, uh, no, how about? Oh, yeah, yeah. It's about everyone. Everyone who don't like it, who should calm down is like, sure thing. Have you seen the psychopaths on your side? Crafted an alternate universe where The Last Jedi wasn't a critical and commercial success where Ryan Johnson hasn't continued to have a great career. What do you think that means? Michael Bay's got a successful career after like a billion Transformers movies. Does that mean? What does that mean to you?  I don't think Tommy Wiseau is successful. He made the world successful. Ever made. It doesn't matter.  And where everyone hates the film as much as they do. In that echo chamber, Mark Hamill supposedly hates the movie and Ryan Johnson over his initial disagreement on the No, I'm not going to claim he hates the movie and he hates Ryan Johnson. I'm going to say he's made several very interesting and downright substantive criticisms of the film. That's that's my take. And I also think more cast members coming out and saying the same as days go by. Who knows what's going to happen in the future? People tried to harass John Boyega for misinterpreting a quote he made recently about social media because Kelly Marie Tran who to this day has never confirmed that she left social media over harassment. Yeah. All because of that they tried to harass John Boyega for like saying if you're not strong enough to be on social media then don't be on social media. I mean like you just shouldn't be on social media.  That's partly why I'm leaving. I can't take it anymore. Luke. They don't mention this part. Having seen the movie I was wrong. He's always right. He's always right. But he was always right. I'm firmly. Do you like how he cut the whole I was wrong? So what was he referencing specifically about being wrong about? Yeah. And I find that very curious that like how do we separate out which statement would be the one that he's more behind if he literally had two conflicting statements? Yeah, because we have that. It happens. So which one's real? The one that supports you? I'm like okay. It's very convenient. And we have to take in the fact that typically speaking they're not encouraged to be critical of the movies they're a part of. So him speaking out like that pretty big. Yeah. Ian, Ryan. But when he toes the line he even called it an all time great film. It doesn't sound like that narrative pans out. It's often said that the sequel trilogy had no You should look into all of the clips regarding Mark Hamill's position on TLJ. A plan and that Ryan Johnson ruined everything JJ Abrams set up. Like JJ shot himself in the foot Ryan then took the gun and shot JJ in the head. So you could call that ruining it. He could have taken him to the hospital could have put a bit of wheelchair and helped about but no. I know I've heard people say that it ruined TFA. I'd like to think about it because I think that if you have if you're dealing with TFA it's tough biggest problem being will building. But I think that you can actually make a sequel to TFA that makes TFA worthwhile in a trilogy if you know what I mean. I mean that's the whole reason we bothered watching season eight of Game of Thrones. We were waiting for an ending that would have made the bad seasons worth it. Pretty much. There's always some repairs you can do. I'm not saying it was possible to like make a great trilogy when you have a start like TFA but once you get the middle being TLJ. I just want to also say I saw recently that D&D are going to be adapting an HP Lovecraft but yet Guillermo del Toro who's been begging for years to be allowed to do and at the mountains of madness movie he's literally the first denied I would have for I would not pick. I would literally not pick anybody else. I can't think of anyone else who could do a Lovecraft movie better than del Toro and he's been denied it again and again and again but D&D are gonna get it. Aren't you guys excited to see D&D's take on Lovecraft? Sure we all are. Father great job. Time great film. Doesn't sound like that narrative pans out. It's often said that the sequel trilogy had no plan and that Ryan Johnson ruined everything JJ Abrams set up. I literally didn't have a plan. But there was an arc set for the trilogy. No there wasn't. As JJ said he loved Ryan's script. Well there was the quote from Daisy saying that there was notes that Ryan ignored. But that's not really a No no I agree.   Might just give the notes a gander that's all I'm saying. He didn't make it himself. That the film didn't disrupt the ending he planned. And that he was inspired by the last Jedi to be bold. Is this up to date with what else JJ has said about the film? Hasn't he come out recently with something like really damning about TLJ or at least partially damning? Yeah it's almost like these people on fire about it for days. These people are they're just too sighted all the time they talk about this and it's oh it's great oh it's so much oh it's great oh it's not so much that's great no it's not so much. With his final film I've seen claims that it only has good reviews because Disney bribed everyone. No I'm not I don't need that to be the truth I think that Rotten Tomatoes critics are terrible. Yeah. They have no standards at all they just flip flop around going yeah this film's cool this film's cool. Yeah Rotten Tomatoes critics say that Batwoman is better than Joker.  When in reality it's the audience reviews that are dubious because of the review bombing campaign.   It's also no more force. Yeah I'm fine with that down with Disney. Sure give us legends. Yeah sure it was what does this have to do with the last Jedi.


Welcome to Think Tech on OC16, Hawaii's weekly newscast on things that matter to tech and to Hawaii. I'm Raya Salter. And I'm Carl Kempanya. In our show this time, we'll cover the March for Science held at UH Manoa and around the world protesting Donald Trump's politicization of the war on science. 2700 marchers participated in Manoa and many hundreds of thousands more across the country and around the world. Yes, thousands of people marched in the March for Science in Honolulu on April 22nd, Earth Day at UH Manoa to celebrate science and the role it plays in our lives. Hundreds more marched on Kauai, Maui and the Big Island. In Hilo, the march was part of the Mary Monarch Parade. The march was coordinated with the National March for Science, which took place in Washington, D.C., in hundreds of cities across the country and in 44 other countries. 70,000 participants showed up in Boston and over 150,000 showed up in several cities in California. It was a global coming out together. The march was organized by scientists skeptical of the agenda of the Trump administration and critical of Trump policies hostile to science. They believe that an American government that ignores science to pursue ideological agendas endangers the world. It's not a small matter and it's of great concern. The march is part of increasing political activity by American scientists inspired by the November 2016 elections and the Women's March in January. It was unprecedented in the level of participation by the scientific community and a response to what is perceived as the massive ongoing attack by the Trump administration on essential values of truth and evidence-based learning. Trump has referred to climate change as a hoax and has taken and threatened many actions against science in the environment, including resumption of the Keystone Pipeline project, expansion of coal, cuts to the EPA, pulling out of the Paris Accord, selection of anti-science cabinet appointees, freezing of research grants and a gag order on dissemination of scientific research, among other things. He seems to be at war with science and truth. The march was intended to remind Donald Trump that the scientific community and the public will not tolerate these attacks on science and that they expect and demand that he and his administration and government officials at all levels make policy based on scientific evidence rather than ideology. The Honolulu March on April 22nd started with a rally at 3 p.m. on Bachman Lawn at UH Minoa with speeches by faculty, legislators and others, along with exhibits and of course music and food. So the reason we're gathered here today is to voice our support for science. Science is a cornerstone of civilization. Without science we wouldn't have civilization. We depend on the outcomes of science for almost everything we do. Whenever we use a cell phone or a computer or get in a car or fly in an airplane or take medicine or do almost anything we do in our daily lives, we have science to thank for it. And today we're going to hear a lot of reasons why science is so important and all of those reasons are true. We're here because we share a concern that many people in our country and especially a few of our politicians have forgotten the fundamental importance of science. When science reveals truth that threatens people's beliefs or their power or their wealth, they sometimes respond with denial. They assault the integrity of science rather than rallying to solve the underlying problems. One of the most pressing and conspicuous examples of this is climate change. At a time in history when we need science the most, it's a grave concern that some of our leaders in Washington seem to be supporting at the least. But I actually have a much bigger concern. It's not about our leaders in Washington, it's actually about us. My fear is that we may lose our hope. We may lose our energy and our drive to tackle these problems that we face through our support of science. I was in Washington D.C. this past January and I spoke with a young woman who was despondent after the recent elections and I'm sure many of us were. She felt the obstacles ahead of us for protecting the environment were already enormous, even with an administration that advocated science-based solutions. But now the problem seemed overwhelming. She was on the verge of giving up all hope. She asked me if I still had hope for the future and I said yes, absolutely. But how could I maintain this hope and by extension continue efforts to push forward a science-based policy when there seemed to be no feasible way out? I explained to her that in my line of research, which involves very deep scuba diving and sometimes hours and hours of decompression, I have on occasion found myself in very life-threatening situations. And in those situations sometimes it seems like the solution is not there. There's no way to get out of this and if I had succumbed to that loss of hope, I would have had a self-fulfilling prophecy and I wouldn't be here today. But I did survive those situations and I am here today because in those situations, I confronted the immediate problem first. There was something that was going to kill me in the next 30 seconds and I needed to solve that so I pushed everything else out of my head and solved it. Once I had that solved, I had five minutes to solve my next problem. And after that was solved, I had an hour to solve the next problem. And through that stepwise process, I managed to get myself out of some pretty harrowing situations. We are now in a harrowing situation with science. We really, truly are. And I have a fear that we may have that self-fulfilling prophecy of giving up hope and not solving the problems. We must solve the problem. So I urge you all, please, do not allow it to become a self-fulfilling prophecy that things seem so bleak. We can solve this problem. We can. We just have to make sure we don't give up hope. Aloha. The science by definition is apolitical. So it's a little awkward talking about this. But the truth is, it's obviously not Republican. It's not Democrat. It's not whatever the heck is going on in DC right now. It's none of that. Science itself is something much more. Because when we talk about these decisions that we question that are being made, that may not be made on sound science, these things undermine the fabric of the interest of the people in this country, the fabric of our democracy itself. And what divides us is not two political sides. It's not ideology. More often than not, what divides us here in this country is education. It is a level of education that not everyone has attained. And that is our challenge and our job to step up to the plate to fix. Everybody wants clean water. Everybody wants safe food. Everybody wants the same good future for their kids. But what we're seeing, what we're seeing in this country are people believing uneducated, often arguments that confound my mind. Right now today, this year, 10% of the American public, 10% of the American public believes that the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court is the honorable Judge Judy. It is our mission as citizens. It is our obligation to stand up and be vigilant, to educate ourselves, to be scientifically literate among many other things. Because in the absence of education, people do believe alternative facts. We've seen that, and we're continuing to see that. We see manipulated data. We see data being hidden. We see narratives that don't support the worldview and the facts that we know to be true. We have to stop and think. Because often the arguments being made are that preventative action is enough. And we can't actually act and do anything until there's 100% certainty that all the data is there, which is another thing that we've seen hold up climate science and forward thinking and forward progress on these big issues in DC. The intersection of science and politics drives decision making in this country and affects us all. But yet, we're letting that go. And I think that's why today is so important, because it's a group of people. It is a citizen, it is a group of committed folks who see that future vision come together and say, we cannot let this happen.  But what we do remember is what we were able to achieve in spite of it. This is our task. Make science that foundation on which we all know our country was built. Because ultimately, we were able to cure disease. We were able to expand our economy. We were able to save lives. We were able to go to the moon and back. We were able to do all these things.  Here in the most wealthy nation on the planet. That is something that science and education and literacy absolutely can change. It's something we have an obligation to change. Ultimately, that is what made this nation great. It is not the size of any crowd or the height of any wall. It is only the vigilance of the American people, all of us, to be informed. To inform others, to be scientifically literate and hold our leaders accountable to make sure they make the best decisions based on legitimate sound science in the best interest of us all. And thank you so much for being those people. So, the only I share is a traditional prayer of knowledge and enlightenment. And it contains much that is pertinent to science. It speaks about the gathering and wielding of knowledge. In it, there are exhortations to combine efforts and ideas to pursue lines of research, both conventional and counterintuitive, to recognize the flash of insight and to move with it. And the consequences that arguments are clear, strong, and prevail in chiefly counsel and the people thrive. So, two days ago, I put together a long speech. And two hours ago, I threw it all away. I want to, instead, let's do some science. What am I wearing around my neck? Kukui, that's correct. And is kukui an endemic plant when restricted to Hawaii? No, it is not. Is it indigenous then, found naturally here, but also found naturally elsewhere? Yes. Joseph Rapp, the blackness who wrote the Indigenous Trees of Hawaiian Islands, thought so. He included kukui in his description of native lowland wet forests. But is it a canoe plant then? Is it a Polynesian introduction? Yes. Most would say yes. But how do you distinguish between a widespread indigenous species and a canoe plant? Any good scientist would begin with a litany of questions. Could it have gotten here without people? Do viable seas of kukui float? Not very well. Do they tolerate salt water? Not very well. Can they germinate on a beach and survive? Not really. The closest you get is where the freshwater streams come down to the beach. So, would there... Oh, where am I? Oh, and two, would there be reason to bring kukui on a voyage? Does it have any uses? Any good cultural anthropologist would tell you, and any kupuna would tell you yes. A source of light, oil, food, medicine, dyes, wood, ornament here and across Polynesia to Malaysia. Does kukui feature in oral traditions? Of course, in places, place names such as kukui ula and pu'u kukui anmawi, in stories such as the great Prophet Lanik Haula of Molokai and his kukui grove there. It's come to that, that we actually have to stand up and fight for the scientific method. I wanna march for fully equipped, hands-on science learning labs in every public school with PhDs teaching, getting all our kids excited about science. I wanna march for a dream team of public health strategizers making us all emotionally and physically well in our wounded world. I wanna march for free college, free library about how they're gonna pay for bills and study for their comms at the same time. But here we are on the front lines for facts. I know of scientists on my campus who got letters from the government saying they're being watched because they've attended a climate science conference. Okay, my father is a World War II vet. He fought against fascism. Nazis are the ones that send monitors into the labs to bird dog scientists, not democracies. So I will march for fact-based inquiry because I believe in nerds, not Nazis. That's more than that. I am a lawyer. I took the oath to protect and defend the Constitution. The preamble to the US Constitution has some very beautiful language about preserving the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity. Like Earth Day, like the Hawaiian value of Malama. It's not just about us. It's our obligation to our grandchildren and their grandchildren and all the generations to follow. Whatever your concept of the sacred, I think you came out today because you don't think it's a good idea that we take whatever we want willy-nilly and leave nothing for the next generation. We will do better than that. We're going to have to dive into the hard stuff. I've seen some beautiful struggle around this march. I heard a feminist challenge a scientist. This science march, is it going to include intersectionality? And I saw the scientist respond with scientific curiosity. I'm not familiar with that. Tell me how I can learn more. The feminist later told me that she was happy and surprised and excited to find out that the scientists organizing the science march are going to really try to make it intersectional. And I see a lot of feminists out here today. I see a lot of people in color. I see Kanaka Maoli. I know we are working, but it's hard work. It's hard work. I'm going to close by saying, I am an intersectional feminist. I'm a critical race theorist. That means I spend time criticizing science. I'm a supporter of Hawaiian sovereignty. That means sometimes I'm going to stand with Hawaiians who are protecting their sacred land. And maybe some of you are going to be on the other side. I am putting my hand out to all of you, every single one of you, because we are allies and we don't have any choice. We've heard from speakers telling us what's at stake. Our life, human life on this planet is at stake. So I'm marching because I'm a grandfather. I have two beautiful grandchildren. And I am scared for their future right now because of the powers that be in Washington, D.C. It has to be said. What we are facing now are too many politicians who hold corporate interests higher than the welfare of the people. Remember the presidential debates? When one candidate spoke something factual, the other would lean into the microphone and go, boom. You remember that? All right, could you do that for me? Okay, so here's some of the stuff that's been going on. The chairman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee has stated flat out that climate change is the largest hoax ever perpetrated upon the American public. The chair of the House Science, Space and Technology Committee has repeatedly harassed climate sciences doing perfectly legitimate work. Wrong. The new head of the Environmental Protection Agency recently stated flat out that carbon dioxide is not warming the planet. Oh yeah, then there's a guy in the White House. So the venerable journal, Scientific American, the editors of Scientific American stated very clearly that this man's knowledge of science is quote unquote astonishingly ignorant. That was right. So think of some of the things we've heard. This is why I am so afraid for my grandkids. He has stated that climate change is a hoax perpetrated by the Chinese. Wrong. He's stated that energy efficient lighting causes cancer. Wrong. He's stated that fracking causes no public health risk whatsoever. Wrong. It goes on and on. He's stated that vaccines cause autism. Wrong. Okay, the list goes on and on. That's why I'm marching. This has got to change. We must hold our politicians accountable. We've been growing a garden around our place. We don't have much space, but we've been working the soil beneath our feet, watching the green sprout over the concrete, watching the vines rewrite the graffiti on the walls. And we know that this garden is a simple symbol, that there is so much more to be done in this world. And sometimes it gets overwhelming, but we're taking responsibility for what we can control. And so we're starting by planting seeds and caretaking, making the ecosystem thrive, watching our earth come alive, reflecting on the way we're living our daily lives. See, we've been growing a garden over time, so we can step outside, we can visualize what green energy looks like, to remind ourselves that we know different from the trees, that all the energy we need can cover the sun, the wind, the sea, and the infinite worth of geothermal heat. And we know that another world is possible, that no matter how hopeless anyone else feels, this movement is real, that our convictions lead to conservation, lead to innovation, that technology must serve ecology. And so this garden is how we redefine the boundary lines between us and the global community. We've come to learn that there was no separation, that every nation on this blue planet is hibernically fused, that everything we do affects some part of you, so you've been inspired to limit our impact. Leave our surroundings better off than when we arrived, we have vowed to reverse the destructive tide before we die. See, we've been growing a garden for our children, leaving a better role for them to live in, showing them some caretaker they've been given, show them to take a stand for sustainability, how to find the balance between progress and preservation, guide the way to a self-reliant revolution. You see, this garden is for our children. This garden is our pledge to them. At 4 p.m. to make their demonstration, participants marched down University Avenue through Mo'il-Ili to Stadium Park, and then back to the campus. UH was there in force, but there were many others too. The march was also supported by many local organizations, including HPU, Shamanad University, the high tech community, and the public. The march was intended to encourage people to appreciate science as a way to care for and make our world more sustainable, to advocate for political decision-making based on scientific evidence, and to ensure that scientists are allowed to communicate their results freely and without misrepresentation, distortion, or fear of retribution. The marchers said that the march is just the beginning of a long-term effort of sustained advocacy for science. They said they will advocate for pro-science policies in education and government, and to ensure that science is open and free from prejudice. There's more to come and there will be more marches. Want to join the movement or find out more about the march for science? Visit the national website at satellites.marchforscience.com or the Hawaii website at marchforsciencehawaii.info. And now let's take a look at our ThinkTech calendar of events going forward. There's so much happening in Hawaii. Sometimes things happen under the radar and we don't hear much about them, but ThinkTech will take you there. You can watch ThinkTech on OC16 several times every week to stay current on what's happening in government, industry, academia, and communities around the islands and the world. ThinkTech broadcasts its daily talk shows live on the internet from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. on weekdays. Then we broadcast our earlier shows all night long and on the weekends. If you missed a show or if you want to replay or share our shows, they're all archived on demand on ThinkTechHawaii.com and YouTube. The audio is on ThinkTechHawaii.com slash radio and we post all our shows as podcasts on iTunes. See our website for links. Visit ThinkTechHawaii.com for our weekly calendar and live stream and YouTube links or sign up on our email list and get the daily docket of our upcoming shows. ThinkTech has a high-tech, green-screen, First Amendment studio at Pioneer Plaza. If you wanna join our live audience or participate in our shows, write to Think at ThinkTechHawaii.com. Give us a thumbs up on YouTube or send us a tweet at ThinkTechHI. We'd like to know how you feel about the issues and events that affect our lives together in these islands. We wanna stay in touch with you and we'd like you to stay in touch with us. Let's think together. You can call in to our talk shows live. While you're watching any of our shows, you can call in to<PHONE_NUMBER> and pose a question or make a comment. We'll be right back to wrap up this week's edition of ThinkTech, but first we wanna thank our underwriters. Okay Carl, that wraps up this week's edition of ThinkTech. Remember, you can watch ThinkTech on OC16 several times every week. Can't get enough of it just like Carl does. For additional times, check out OC16.tv. For lots more ThinkTech videos and for underwriting and sponsorship opportunities on ThinkTech, visit ThinkTechHawaii.com. Be a guest or host, a producer or an intern and help us reach and have an impact on Hawaii. Thanks for being part of our ThinkTech family and for supporting our open discussion of tech, energy, diversification and global awareness in Hawaii. You can watch this show throughout the week and tune in next Sunday evening for our next important weekly episode. I'm Raya Salter. And I'm Carl Campania. Aloha everyone.


Everybody forced here ripping 20 22 3 and 2 baseball hobby 10 bucks case number 10 random team style Check out the results right here. There's a link in chat for you as well And you can always find them late in sports cards.com. Good luck everybody. Let's get started. Come on big sake one touch on Let's see it Oh jeez Bonjour That was the only French. I know I'm sorry. Yeah, but welcome from France. I know argois and And for the mage not to say cheese It's good enough to get around now. All right guys. I'm not gonna recap this break. This is gonna be a pretty quick one So let's see some big hits Starting off with a Clayton Kershaw numbered 11 of 12 Dodgers That Curtis me prospect raised 96 of 99 and An all-hands team Ken Griffey jr. 150 150 mariners All right quad Jersey rookie Nats Josiah Gray number 30 of 60 and And day one rookie auto Royals Bobby wit jr. 9 out of 25 Sweet hit Kansas City You'd have to email us Rob. It's not up to me, but if I mean we do we do hitless packs so Don't get a hit you'll get at least a pack of cards Seal packs too. So there's Chance of something in there. All right box two Got Mark McGuire a's one out of 25 Got Matt brash rookie 18 and 99 mariners and an all-hands team one of one Andrew Jones Put him in the hall already geez There you go braves one of one all-hands team on drew Jones Dude Jim is coming in with these Insane trolls right now got jumbo bat relic out K line Tigers number two out of ten Just up Donald. How's it going man? Oh? Nice lone star patch auto brewers Sal Freilich Big prospect patch auto two or five there for the brewers good couple of boxes so far We're doing well. We're all we're pretty hyped up tonight Chas hot got hot takes all over the place People saying they enjoy Pizza Hut Just outrageous things, you know just outrageous things Got George Brett three of 15 Royals three Demers rookie angels 95 of 99 and Sultan tornado Tante's june or 91 of 150 Padres Bryson's stott rookie patch card Daily's five of five on the on the stott and redemption wonder day one autographs bases loaded Nice hit raise Hobby by as number 32 of 32 Tigers Brennan Davis Cubs prospect 56 of 99 and his sultans Mike Trout 127 150 angels Joe Torrey Cardinals four of 75 and Hassan Kim patch auto Padres 42 of 49 man. I'm excited for one-on-one basketball this week Nationals Juan Soto 21 of 32 Phillies Hans Kraus 27 of 99 In a full count Cedric Mullins numbered 31 of 150 Orioles Joe Ryan rookie Jersey twins 12 out of 99 and Day one Cubs rookie Otto say a Suzuki sweet hit Cubs 21 of 25 Sweet say a day Frankie Cressetti 17 of 32 Yankees Got Julio Rodriguez 26 out of 32 Mariners Nice rookie there and moments Babe Ruth 24 out of 150 Yankees So the one where we call the shot. That's the one World Series rookie Jersey Astros Chas McCormick numbered 18 out of 60 and Lone Star signatures your Don Alvarez Astros 7 out of 10 there you go Stroze Super say is pretty cool. That's cheesy, but it's cool cheesy Dodge and Korea. I mean, yeah, I wonder if they turn over probably more expensive, right? Just because he's younger Is Ricky Henderson 21 of 32 Got a prospects Luis Matos 3 of 12 Giants and Full count Christian yellows 10 out of 150 Brewers five-way Batrella Gary Carter for the Expo's go to the National 7 of 7 and Lone Star signatures George Valera Guardians 20 of 49 a prospect patch auto Roger Tworns be Cardinals 99 of 99 Cow Raleigh 6 of 12 Mariners rookie big dumper And Mookie bets 89 of 150 Dodgers another Jake Meyers Astros rookie patch this time 4 of 60 And Pirates Henry Davis Lone Star signatures 4 of 25 Yep, we open all types of cards Yes, this has been a pretty well balanced case. I like it Don Larson Yankees 83 of 99 God Ezekiel Doran rangers 5 of 99 and Sultan say a Suzuki 150 of 150 Cubs nice rookie patch brave Spencer Strider 11 of 35 and And Alec Manoa blue jays patch out of 24 25 All right cool Papa bell 12 out of 15. He doesn't have any affiliation does he? Yeah, I don't think he has any MLB affiliation we're gonna random that one in the second here 12 out of 15 60 of 99 prospects Nicky work Red Sox he was only Negro League school public Bella Sultzens Fernando Tatis Jr. 36 of 50 Riley Adams rookie patch Nationals 26 of 35 And Jersey Auto Astros Jose Altuve 15 out of 35 Astros as well. All right, let's read on this card. All right, cool Papa bell to 15 Good luck on the random. Yeah, he doesn't even have like managerial stuff with the MLB does he? Now he doesn't just making sure I'm gonna close out the random dang it. All right, random's all here. Good luck Five and one six times Rivers up top gets it one two three four five and six James H And that'll do it. Thanks again everybody got more baseball coming up


ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ ಈ   Titanic  When we get home, do we a role is to make sure that this backbone is really functioning. This is a beautiful venue. I think all is going to agree. And I look forward to one of you hosting us next year in keeping this event going. Last year, we saw Mr. Rida one, he said to spend time with you all.  Okay. And it makes it that much more special when we come together here in person, because we have that continued connection that we keep as we have progress moving forward to your remarks. Gender this week, we'll go over what we're going to do. My team, my esteemed teammate Yolanda and I, what we've come back together. And then we'll share what outreach our partners said. That way we all get to learn in a little different way more about each other. Mission statement or otherwise known as our purpose for the senior is important. This will help give us direction forward and help communicate that to our archers in the SCF here. Every country will always receive with water. But to his home, you have milk. All he likes most, a cow. Thanks very much. Okay. I'm going to try to follow that up. We have been in that position for a long time and he's been doing a great job. And I'm not just saying that because he's here, but I interact with a number of Senegalese colleagues that testify of the great work that he's doing and even saying that he's giving us a human. He's giving us a great understanding of the level of education. The reason they gave him this name is because he was the class president. And with that he was... Okay, a little bit behind. And I understand I would give it maybe some platform to charge during the week of my hosting. I would reserve that for another day. So basically, that's how I feel. My favourite sport to play. I played a lot of sports growing up. But these days I love to kayak. I was born in Lume, Togo. Born and raised there. And that's why I also did most of my undergrad. Okay. This is 15. And the young one is 4. My favourite colour is grey. Our food, I don't have any. And I understand I would give it maybe some platform to charge during the week of my hosting. I would reserve that for another day. So basically, that's how I feel.


Hello, my name is Carl. I'm a library assistant from the Long Beach Public Library. Today I'll be showing you guys how to make these cool nebula in the jar crafts. If you haven't already signed up for the summer reading program, go ahead and head to longbeach.beanstock.org and sign up. If you have signed up and you want to get credit for this activity, go ahead and use the code nebula and your activity challenge tab. What you need for this craft you probably already have in your house, you will need a jar or container. It needs to be see-through and the size doesn't really matter. But I am going to tell you that the bigger the jar is, the more you're going to have to fill it. So the more activity with that and the more materials you're going to use, obviously. So keep that in mind.  You are going to need cotton balls. You're going to need food coloring or if you have it, watercolor. Glitter or glitter glue and of course, water. The first step to this is you're going to take your cups filled in with water and then you can go ahead and put food coloring into them. It doesn't matter how much water is in the cup because you're going to go ahead and eye how much you're pouring in here anyway. So for this one, I'm actually going to use code and I'm just going to fill it and remember that the color is going to be soaked up. So if you want a really dark pigment, you want to go ahead and put in quite a few drops of food coloring or a watercolor.  Okay, so I'm going to go with this deep purple and I'm going to pour in using my eye. We want to have enough liquid to sort of give us a base. So around there and that's probably a little less than half a cup for this jar.  I don't want them to come apart but I do want them to soak up the maximum amount of water in the jar. So I just want to get them a little bit bigger and a little bit more cloud looking because that's going to create your nebula shape and you're going to drop that in there and you're going to do that to another one and you're just going to keep dropping your clouds in there until it is mostly covered. You can put them in there one at a time or you can put a bunch in there.  And again, you're going to keep adding cotton balls until most of the liquid is soaked out. Not all, just most of it.  It's okay if you poke it and liquid comes out the top. The goal is to get the colors to mix but not to overwhelm each other. We're trying to make layers. So this whole process again, making one more layer for the purple and then we can add our next color. Again, we don't have to be stressed out to the max.  Okay, so I think that's a good start. I'm going to go ahead and move on to our second color. So before I do that, I'm actually going to use my glitter glue and you can do this with just regular glitter as well but I learned that if you make use of glitter glue, you can get that glitter to sort of stick to the glass in certain places and it has a nicer effects. Not that regular glitter won't stick to the glass, it totally will but this was just, and it was fun to do. So I'm going to put a layer of glue first for my glitter then I'm going to choose my second color which is this amazing red and I'm going to do about another half a cup and then I'm going to start putting in my cotton balls again. This is a really cute and easy to do craft and then they make great gifts. You can put them on your desk. A lot of people can never guess what they're made out of so they wouldn't guess just regular cotton balls but that's the trick. Don't be afraid if you get the layers mixed or you have one lower. Again, the point really is to get the colors to mix but not overwhelm each other. That's how you get that cool wavy space look. The next thing I'm going to do is I'm just going to add some more paint. I'm not going to add gel. I mean glitter between every layer because then all you would see is glitter on the sides of the glass. So you want to use the glitter probably sparingly and the layers can be different. I'm going to add a little more blue to this one so you can add more water less water for certain colors. Really make it your own and sort of experiment with it. Each one of these jars probably takes a bag and a half of cotton balls so just make sure you have enough on hand and you do want to do it all the way to the top because you don't want any of the colors shifting or anything that you put in there moving so you want it to be jam packed in there when you close the lid. Okay guys so this is what the jar looks like after a couple layers. As you can see the colors are blending nicely even though we started off with a deep purple and then the red they sort of mixed and then we made a deeper purple with our blue and then you can see our gold. On this layer I probably will add some of my other straight up glitter not the glitter glue because you want to have more than one color of glitter. Take me at my word, the more glitter the better. And then I would just add my next color on top of that which I think is going to be this dark red and the glitter will flow in it. I'm going to do probably about another layer just like that and then I'm going to add more cotton balls. Okay, okay. Once you have it to where the top would screw on and you wouldn't be able to see anything else you can go ahead and close it off just like that. And voila, you have your nebula in a jar. Now as this dries and the water moves your nebula will get more and more nebula looking as the water inside the jar dries they will get a tad bit darker. As you see we kind of have this really deep dark space one but they stay cool and you know they can go into any jar you can find. I found this light bob jar at the 99 cent store. So any old jars you have lying around that you can see through this is the perfect craft to repurpose them. Thank you guys for joining me. If you don't remember my code is nebula for those of you who are doing the summer reading challenge for those of you who aren't I encourage you to go sign up today. Have a wonderful summer. Bye bye.