And we'll start right away because we're pressed for time, obviously. So, with Claude Podvin, who will tell us about a project from the Techno Pedagogical Innovation Hub at Université Sherbrooke, working with Fabrique El, thanks to a donation from BMO to the Université Sherbrooke Foundation, they were able to create an OER to promote student success and motivation with an emphasis on continuous improvement and adaptation. So, Claude, take it away. Thank you, Alexandre. It's a pleasure to be here to talk to you about an experimentation. It's a project that has been done in the framework of Fabrique El, the Fabrique El in which I am associated as a pedagogical advisor. I must say today that I replace my colleague Marianne Dubé, who was called to participate in another presentation initiated by UNESCO on multilingualism, we find ourselves a little like for this presentation. So, I am the partner, Marianne and I, we are a little bit of a symbiosis with Fabrique El. We are the two most active actors, let's say, and so Marianne Cordon, the Fabrique and I am a pedagogical advisor who will have a lot of time on this organization, if you will. The project that values student success is in the framework of a collaboration with the University of Sherbrooke, a University of Sherbrooke that is a partner, one of the three founding partners of Fabrique El, the University of Sherbrooke, the University of Laval, in which I am associated, I have been ready for Fabrique El, and then the University of Montreal, who are also the founding partners of Fabrique El. So, we normally find ourselves in a post-secondary development, in superior training, while the project that I present to you here, there is a link with the primary and the secondary of the award. So, it is in this context that this project is presented. So, it is a presentation that is, at least, an adaptation, according to the habits of the Irelians. You see, it is in Sisi Bay, we adapted the presentation. So, let's start with the why and the common. So, I was talking about the faculty of the University of Sherbrooke, and it is a project of the Faculty of Science and Education, which is an initiative of this faculty. In the framework of an initiative of the Faculty of Innovation and Ecology, that is to say, it was an initiative that started two or three years ago, where we encouraged it, precisely, to do innovation projects, and then Fabrique El had about four years of existence. The University of Sherbrooke is a pioneer in the Fabrique El, and so, he has a listen to a University of Sherbrooke. We want to do things. The Faculty of Science and Education, it is said, well, why not take advantage of this initiative there to do a project within the Faculty itself? Well, taking advantage of a scholarship from an organization, a bank, in fact, a $5,000 that had been given to the University, we thought, well, why not do a project of a real student? So, the idea was to do scholarships of $1,000, we were able to contribute, so five scholarships, just to incentivize the future teaching staff, that is, the training of the teachers. And when we talk about the training of the teachers, it is the training of the students, the teachers, the teachers, the students from the students, we are going to learn, it is the program, it is the course of the arts, and all of this is connected to the course of students, all of this is a partnership of the students, so, in the end, children, the teachers, we in a way, I think it is a one-on-one communication with these teachers, and I think it is a partnership. And then, in the afternoon, we will have a little chat and I think it will be interesting to see what you guys think about the practical experience of the students. of participation. So, a small resource that has been created, always accessible in the CCBI. All our resources at the factory are in the CCBI, in the past, and the presentation at which you will be able to access, you will have the links to download all of that. In our development process, we started with the information on the contest. It was in November, it's been a couple of years already, but there was an evaluation of the projects that have been done in the future. Five projects were held. And you can see that from here, there is the small icon that is the one of the Crelle factory, the one of the Chabot University, the one of the Crelle factory. From there, the Crelle factory has, actually, participated in the framework of the students of the different projects. So, to train yourself, it takes time, it's the experience of the Crelle factory, it's certainly your experience, it's not a culture that is born. You have to take the time to encourage our students, our participants, our producers, our creators of it. So, of course, this has done with the education department, the faculty together, the different departments, and the Crelle factory. So, different encounters, I will talk about them later, the impact in the creation by the councilors, the two councilors that were associated with the project. And finally, the balance of the distribution, you know that the distribution, when we talk about it, it's a process that is a little more, let's say, that has its rules, with the metadata and find a place to put it. So, that's the process. We have at the Crelle factory a course of creation that has been elaborated in a generic way for the whole of our activities. If you want to know more about the Crelle factory, I'll show you another presentation, I'll show you the studio. At four o'clock this afternoon, we did another three-hour or so, I don't remember another room, but we're talking about the development of the Crelle factory. So, I'm going to focus on this project here, which was really an initiative that inspired the Crelle factory's activities. So, the process is the same as the other, which was adapted in the student production context. We started by, you see, if I write it quickly, we need research, conception, development, validation, diffusion, a process that looks like Adi for the people who know him, with particularities, an insistence on research and an insistence on conception. We suggest that we do a concentrated production in the form of a sprint, for example. So, obviously, the diffusion stage is particular in Adi. It's not quite present. So, it's an adaptation of all of this. So, it was proposed to the students. And there was a source of charge that was written in a first-time that explained all the modalities of this project. The results. So, without motivating and engaging, they were developed. The students went all the way to the end. So, the little boom at the end, of course, it was the $1,000. It contributed, but the $1,000, that wasn't all. There was still a lot of... It was a damage that was appreciated by the students. The students felt that it was useful to do this work. And, obviously, in the context of Quebec, there is a plan for the development of numerical skills that has been elaborated by the government, which was proposed in five dimensions. And it joins, of course, the development of material production, which is still a very, very important skill. And, finally, the students, of course, were sensitized to the possibility of the book falling back. On the side of the faculty itself, of course, there is all the approach, even if it's not usual, sensitization in real life also by the student staff, by the pedagogical advisers of the faculty. So, it's not illegal. Production, well, here are the five. And there are three at the secondary level. So, physical evasion, secondary five. A mathematical trial, situation of learning and evaluation, in secondary three mathematics. Another activity at the secondary, you recognize the gentleman here. So, activity on the new sources. And we also have one at primary three, the right of children, interdisciplinary activity. Finally, the last one, it was in pre-school robotics. So, you see, the fields are quite diversified, the formation of the fields in different spheres. So, that's it. It was still some quality productions. The survey, with our students, we all showed, well, it's not a big sample, obviously, you see that it's still anonymous, to know that they were very satisfied with the experience at the end of the account. And the same thing also. The fields are, well, here, it's rather arranged. So, the fields are in the sense that everyone considered that the experience was, they had been able to understand that there is a realm that they had taken advantage of the content that they had the taste of disseminating and creating new realms. And that's it. And to use them after their practice. The results, well, a lot of learning on the part of the students, pride, accomplishment, it's feelings that have been perceived by the students. There is still a high potential of re-using these resources because these are news themes. And we have also noticed that the approach was a chronophage for the team. Pay attention, it's a small mistake to know that obviously, it's a first experience. So, as much as there was a contract by a library, by two teleagogical companies, it was an individual contract in the projects, the creation for those who have never done real, it takes time. So, it's sure that if it was to do it again, and then the faculty thinks about doing it again, precisely, I think that the pandemic has a bit of an impact on things, but it feels good. That is to say, the idea is to integrate that in the curriculum. So, at that moment, it would be a little less that we offer in the sense that if the teachers themselves would accompany the way of creating real, and then we also created a complementary model site, a bit more structured, which is reusable, and by the way, you can download it yourself since the archive has the link in the document. Complementary. So, this site could be recovered and reused by anyone. The idea is, precisely, to make a material that is attractive, you can see it with the icons of all of this, and the approach is very well documented. These are the perspectives of the future towards this project. That's it. There's a lot of time. Yeah, good job. There's actually four minutes left to a lot of time. So, if you have any questions, we have microphones here to take questions if needed. So, if you have any questions suggested by the audience, are there initiatives on the side of your establishments, of creating real, do you think it would be possible to recover this material in your context? Thank you very much for your presentation. Just, there's something that escaped me compared to the target audience. So, they are teachers or they are students who will become teachers. This is what we call the formation of teachers. Yes, students who are currently at university who are becoming teachers in the future. Thank you for that. So, I have another question. Are these people now diplomas? Are they teachers? Are they using rails on their teaching field? So, it's quite recent as you have seen. There are some people who have just been diplomas recently. They are still too young to know it. We hope so. So, we don't have enough time to determine it. But what is clear in our activities at the Real Fabric, is that the activities have a lot of impact from the moment when there are some people who have developed rails in the middle. It makes you angry. It's really, we are talking about pollinating effects. There is really something that emerges from these initiatives. They become strong for their environment and, more often, they are people who are creative who already talk about their implementation. So, we hope so. Hello. I just spoke French. Could I ask in English or Spanish? English. English? Okay. Thank you very much. I work at the University of Leeds and my students produce open educational resources as part of their course. So, they learn about open educational resources. They design their own project. It's a podcast. And everything has to be shareable so that when they finish the course and they get the mark, if they want, because it is their intellectual property, they can share it responsibly in whatever platform they choose. And now, we are designing, in my institution at Leeds, we are designing, I have designed a guide for the implementation of co-production of OER across the university for those lecturers who want to take on that practice because we consider it as an essential component of active learning. So, it's now an institutional strategy as well. And it works very well. It works very well. Students love producing. It's the best way of ensuring that they feel respected and that they belong to the knowledge production community which universities should be. Can I ask you a few questions? Yeah. Yeah. How many OER have been produced? Or how many have produced a year? I have been doing this since 2012 and I have around ten students every year. Okay. Not everybody shares the OER but many students share it. Yeah. Okay. And it's part of the grade? It's part of the course in modern languages and cultures and it's one of the options that they have for the degree in final year. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. I can give you my card later and you can check it out. Yeah, sure. I'd be interested. But I'm very interested in what you do as well. Sorry for my poor French. I'm sorry. Thank you very much. Maybe a question for Claude. Hello. I'd like to thank you for your presentation. I have a question regarding validation. I hear about the validation of the content of these free educational resources. Have they been validated by scientists? Scientifically. And after the validation of the pedagogical impact of the use of these resources? Excellent question. In another process, I'd like to get a little bit out of it because we have... I didn't have it on my colleague's presentation. On the complementary site, on our own path, there is a validation step. It's very important for us. In fact, it's not a scientific validation. It's a validation by the parents. We suggest, of course, that it is a double validation, that is, by the parents and by the users. In the case of the students, they asked their colleagues to validate. They have chosen some of their colleagues to validate the resource. That's how it is in all of our processes. And in general, since these are resources that are addressed to their teachers, we also ask teachers an exercise of validation. So it's not a scientific validation systematic, but it's a validation by everyone who is... who is necessary. And we also have an instrument that is presented called the validation list with several elements encoded that allow us to verify, for example, the compatibility, the licenses. Are all the elements present? Are the logos, the identifiers, are there, etc. to ensure at least a minimum? Obviously, there is no... there is no quality index there, together by the parents, depending on the search engine or the point of view that we use sometimes, it's present. But yes, there is a quality verification process in this case that was also accompanied, of course. Thank you very much. So, well done. We'll see you later.


Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to a new Zor education. I will start a new series of lectures about light. The general name is Light in Action. That's on the menu on Unizor.com. But this particular lecture is the beginning of these three or four lectures. You see, light in action means light should do something, right? And for this, light needs energy. So, today we will talk about energy carried by light. I will quantitatively evaluate it. Now, this lecture is part of the course called Physics for Teens, presented on Unizor.com. I suggest you to watch this lecture from this website, because the website has menu. And this lecture is part of the course, which means everything is interconnected. And in this lecture, for example, I'm referring to some other lectures in the same course, which contains certain material which I will definitely use. There is also Mass for Teens on the same website. This is a prerequisite course. You need mathematics to study physics. No doubts about that. Especially calculus, vector algebra. So, I recommend you to watch this lecture and all others from the website, from the Unizor.com. Also, every lecture on this website has textual material, notes, basically. Every lecture has like a piece of textbook next to it. So, you can watch the lecture and you can read the text, which is basically textbook, kind of a text. Okay, so let's start. Okay, I will definitely be based on certain information which I have already presented in some other lectures. For example, we were talking about energy carried by electromagnetic field, general electromagnetic field. It can be constant, it can be variable, doesn't really matter. And we were variating the amount of energy in, it's called density, actually. Energy density of the electromagnetic field, which is basically a local characteristic, which depends on electric field intensity, which is usually used to letter E, and the magnetic field intensity. Now, based on these two local characteristics, magnetic and electric field intensities, we have come to basically a variation of the energy density inside the unit of volume in unit of time. That's what it is. So, if you have an electromagnetic field, you can have certain energy which is in some volume, and then if you squeeze the volume down to a point, you will have the energy density, right? So, you divide energy by volume, and then you limit volume to zero. So, this energy density for electric field was at any moment time, at any point x, y, z. Electric field has this amount of energy in that particular density, energy density in that particular point, where epsilon is electric permutivity and E is electric field intensity. Magnetic component, very similarly. Again, B is the value of magnetic field, component of the electromagnetic field intensity, at moment t at point x, y, z, mu is magnetic permeability, and this is, as I was saying, magnetic field density at that particular point in time and space. Now, the sum is a total energy density of electromagnetic field. So, electromagnetic field carries this energy. All this was presented before in the course when I was talking about electromagnetic field and its properties. That's where Maxwell equations were introduced. So, it's all part of the course which has been already covered. Now, what is light? Well, we again, in that particular part, we were talking about James Maxwell and his experiments, etc. And according to his calculations, light had exactly the same speed as the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves, which, from his opinion, was a very important argument in favor of light being basically nothing but oscillations of electromagnetic field, which happened to be confirmed by many experiments and theoretical researches. So, electromagnetic field carries this energy. So, light is electromagnetic field oscillation, so light carries energy. Okay, that's great. And now we can actually think about how to quantitatively evaluate it. Okay. Now, we will obviously start from a very simple model. Use these follows. So, our system of coordinates will be something like this, x, y, z. Now, the light will go, let's say, down, doesn't really matter. So, here we have some kind of an area where the light falls on. And my ultimate goal is to evaluate amount of light which falls onto this area, depending on the area, quantitative expression for area, and amount of time during which I'm basically measuring how much energy I'm getting. I have certain area. I have time t, and I want to know how much energy is falling onto this area during this time t. Obviously, I have to simplify my model as much as possible. So, I'm assuming that the light which goes down contains parallel rays, and they're all in sync, and they're all monochromatic, which means they all have exactly the same frequency. Frequency is omega. And the area is vacuum, so I know the speed of light, which is c. And basically, I would like to express amount of energy in terms of omega nc.  And I would like to know how much energy is carried by this one particular ray of light, but not in an entire energy. An entire energy probably would be infinite. If there is an infinite source of light, then the oscillations of this ray will be basically infinite. And I would like to know only one wavelength of this ray. So, I have a ray, and it's oscillations of magnetic field and electric field, and I would like to have only one wave. The amount of energy which is carried by one wavelength of one single ray of light. Then, knowing that, I will obviously divide this length by how many wavelengths fit into this length, multiply by this and multiply by area, and this is how I will get the total amount of energy I need. So, right now we are talking only about one wavelength of one single ray of light. Okay. Now, based on expressions which I have already presented, and magnetic, the same thing. Now, when we are talking about one particular ray, and obviously we assume that these are synchronous oscillations of electromagnetic field, and we are always presuming, again, for simplicity, and that's probably true, that these oscillations are harmonic. Which means, our e of t x y z is equal to... So, this is electric field intensity. They are oscillating, and they are harmonic oscillations, which means it's e0 times cosine of omega t minus z over c. And let me explain you why I put it this way. If you have some kind of a source of light, and then the light goes down, let's say, and we were actually talking about the axis that we go down z, and this is x, and this is y. So, it goes down. All rays of lights are parallel, so one single ray doesn't really matter what x and y characteristics it has. It does not depend. It goes down, and the oscillations are, electrical oscillations are perpendicular to z, and in the direction of the x axis. So, these will be electrical oscillations, and these will be magnetic oscillations, which are towards the y axis, but the whole waves are going down. So, one wavelength from here to here contains one wave of electric and one wave of magnetic oscillations, and both are sinusoidal. Now, why did I put it this way? Well, let's assume that in the beginning, where the source of light is, the electrical will be cosine omega t. Now, that's something which is familiar. This is the regular oscillations, harmonic oscillations. That's the source of light. Now, by the time it goes the distance z, the oscillations at this particular point are exactly the same as oscillations at this point, but with a delay. And what is delay? Delay is the time it takes to cover the distance for the wave. So, if c is the speed of propagation, and z is the distance, then z divided by c would be the time delay, and that's why I subtracted from t this time delay. So, the oscillations at point z would look exactly like oscillations at point zero, z equal to zero, let's say it's here, but with this particular time delay. So, this is a general formula again. We were addressing this formula many times before when talking about electromagnetic oscillations. And rope oscillations, actually. I didn't want to start from electromagnetic. I started with rope, so just moving one end of rope up and down, the waves are going all the way. So, all these formulas were addressed before. So, I assume this is my electric component, so it does not depend on x and y, only on z. E zero is amplitude, and in this particular case, I will use absolute zero and mu zero. These are electric permittivity of vacuum, and this is magnetic permeability of vacuum. So, we're assuming that we are in a vacuum. So, we are simplifying our problems as much as possible. So, it's a vacuum, it's a single ray of light, and that's how its electric component looks like, and this is magnetic component. By the way, magnetic and electric are always connected, and they are always in sync with each other. Let me change my marker. So, knowing this, what I have to do is, how do I calculate the amount of energy? Now, this is energy in one, and this is energy in another component of electromagnetic field, but these are densities at point in time and in space. Now, let's forget about time, let's fix the point in time, and just think about space. So, my wave goes like this, and I have to calculate, R, E, and B. They are basically the same, with different amplitude. Now, this is the length, wavelength, lambda. Let's say from zero to zero, or from peak to peak, doesn't really matter. Now, this wavelength, to find the amount of energy, I have to basically integrate all the energy here. I know the density, energy density at each point. So, this is my z-axis, right? So, it propagates along the z-axis. So, I know what's the electric and magnetic components at every point. So, how can I find out the total amount of energy, which is in one particular wavelength? Well, I have to integrate, basically, from zero to lambda, one-half epsilon zero E squared, which is E zero squared, cosine squared of omega t minus z over c d z. That's my electrical component. Energy, electrical energy. And magnetic energy would be similar, but instead of epsilon zero, I will have one over mu zero, and instead of E zero, I will have B zero. So, I have to really take these two integrals, and their sum would be amount of energy, electric and magnetic energy, concentrated in one particular wavelength of one single ray of light, okay? Now, let's talk about lambda. What is lambda? Lambda is a wavelength. So, we have many different characteristics of waves. We have lambda, which is the wavelength. We have c, which is the speed of propagation. We have tau, which is a period. Now, period is the time which is needed for a wave to cover the distance equal to wavelength, right? That's the period, which means that lambda is equal to c times tau, okay? Now, what else do we have? One thing is period, another is how many oscillations per second, so how many periods per second fits. That's frequency. Frequency is equal to one over tau. So, if tau is amount of time needed for one wave, so how many waves are per second? You basically divide one by tau, right? And we have omega, which is not number of oscillations per second, but it's number, this is an angular frequency, which means I have to multiply number of oscillations by 2 pi, right? So, that's an angular, which is 2 pi f. Now, I would like to express my lambda in terms of omega and c. So, instead of tau, I will put c over f, and instead of f, I will put omega divided by 2p 2 pi. So, it would be c omega and 2pi, okay? So, lambda is equal to 2pi c over omega. That's the same thing as we see, right? Now, what do we have? We have one-half epsilon zero e zero squared cosine omega t minus zc dz, right? So, let me open these parentheses. I will put separately omega t minus omega z. What's interesting here is that if I will replace omega z over c as u, so I will have here u. I will have here, if z is from zero to 2pi c over omega, then omega divided by c would be from zero to 2pi, right? So, integral for zero to 2pi for u. So, that would be one-half epsilon zero e zero squared cosine square of omega t minus u. And instead of dz, I have to put du c over omega. So, c over omega du. Okay, this is much simpler integral, obviously. It's very easy actually to calculate it. But there is a kind of a more mathematical way. You replace cosine square with, what's the formula? Cosine square is equal to 1 plus 2 cosine of two angles. Yeah, let me check it. Cosine square minus sine square, this is cosine of double angle, right? So, sine square is 1 minus cosine square. So, it's 2 times square minus 1. Right, so it's 1 plus cosine of 2pi divided by 2. And that will get rid of the square here. And then, you know, take whatever the integral from a cosine. That's very simple. All these calculations I put in the notes for this lecture. However, there is kind of a trick here which might actually help. You see, cosine square and sine square are really not much different if we are talking about one period. It's just shifted. So, the integral of 1 should be equal to integral to another. But if we will add them together, you will have 1. So, that actually gives you that integral of cosine is equal to, cosine square is equal to integral basically of, without cosine square, equal to 1 divided by 2. And I can give you right now the answer. Again, either you do it yourself or you will take a look at the notes. These integrals are really kind of trivial and I don't want to spend much time on this. I will give you the answer as I have already calculated. Epsilon 0 pi c over omega. And obviously, e0 square. And here, more or less similar, pi c omega b square. So, their sum, which is equal to 1 half, pi over c over omega, epsilon 0 e0 square plus 1 over mu 0 b square. That's energy of one particular wavelength of the ring. Again, that's energy of one lambda, wavelengths. Okay, now it's simpler. So, if you have certain area, again let me go back to my picture. This is area and this is the time. So, this cylinder contains all the energy which falls on to this area during this time. What's the height of this cylinder? If t is time, then t times speed of light, speed of propagation of waves is the height of the cylinder. Now, we know one ray of one wavelength. So, what should we do now? We should multiply this, this. We should multiply it by what? How many waves fit in the height, which is c times t divided by lambda, and multiply by area. That's my total amount of energy falling on to area A during the time t. Okay? Now, what do they say about lambda? Remember, lambda is c times tau, which is c divided by f, and this is c divided by omega times 2 pi, right? So, this is A times t times c divided by lambda, which means divided by 2 pi c, and multiply by omega. Nw at, right? A times t times omega 2 pi, and this is my, so it's one-half pi c divided by omega epsilon zero z zero square plus mu zero b zero square. This is total amount of energy which is falling. Now, this is not really very convenient way of presenting this. It's much better to say what's the density of the energy. And density of the energy is basically the same thing divided by A and divided by t. So, how much energy falls on to unit of area during unit of time? Now, if you have these, then whenever you have any area and any amount of time, you just multiply it by area by time and you will get the result. So, the density of energy called p at, how much energy per unit of time? Now, I shouldn't really have these indices. Per unit of time per unit of area, that's equal to one-quarter epsilon zero e zero square plus mu one over zero mu zero b zero square. So, this is the result. This is something which can be used for any kind of calculations. If you know the amplitude of electric and magnetic fields, that's basically, I think I missed something. Did I miss something? I think I missed c. Let me check. Yeah, I missed c, so it should be c. I forgot, c did not omega and pi actually cancel down, but c remained. Yeah, and I think I call it letter i for intensity of the light, intensity of the light, amount of energy falling onto unit of area perpendicularly to the light during unit of time. Okay, that's basically what it is. Yes, I forgot c. Alright, now, I would like to simplify it a little bit further. I need e and b. I need electrical component and magnetic component. Actually, for the harmonic oscillations, we can express, let's say, b over e in terms of e. And here is how. Again, I'm referring you to the lectures about electromagnetic field in general. That's where I covered Maxwell equations. And one of the equations, general equations for any electromagnetic field was minus d by d z by d equals epsilon 0 mu 0 x. What is this? This is a simplified version of Maxwell equation for vacuum. Epsilon 0 and mu 0 are permittivity and permeability of the vacuum. Now, b is magnetic component, e is electric component. Now, these indices were used in that presentation just to show that the direction of propagation of the waves is z. Direction of electric component is oscillations over the x-axis. And magnetic components, again, let me just draw this picture. x, y, z. So the wave goes this way. Now electric component is parallel to x. And magnetic component is parallel to y. And they are perpendicular to each other. So that's basically the picture. And that's what kind of an equation we have. This is the fourth Maxwell equation. And in our case, I can actually draw these indexes because we don't really need them. We know that x, in our concrete example, we have postulated that x is direction of changing electric component and y is magnetic component. So these are the same. Now, let's use this for our particular case where the e of tz is equal to e0 times cosine of omega t minus z over c. And b, correspondingly, is exactly the same. b0 times cosine, same thing. All right. So let's differentiate b by z. That would be what? So minus db of tz by dz. So this is my d. So what is it? Minus. OK. Now the constant goes out, b0. Derivative of cosine is sine with a minus sign. So I put plus here and sine of omega t minus z over c times derivative of inner function. Inner function we are calculating by z. So it's omega over c. That's my derivative. So here we have epsilon 0 mu 0 dE of tz by dt equals, OK, epsilon 0 mu 0 remains. e0 is constant. I think in this case it's not just w over c. I think it's minus w over c. Sorry. Minus. Now here I have sine but with a minus sign. So put minus in front. Minus sine of the same thing times inner function which is again minus omega c over omega over c. OK. Minus and minus. So that's negative. And here we have minus sine. I'm sorry. I'm not multiplying by derivative by z. We are multiplying derivative by t. It's by t. So it's omega. I see something is wrong. OK. And they are equal to each other. OK. Great. That's how we would derive. They are equal to each other. And that's how we derive dependence between b0 and e0. Right? So this is minus. And this is minus. So what we can have is b0 times omega over c is equal to epsilon 0 minus 0 omega. Again in the same lecture we were deriving the speed of light as 1 over square root of epsilon 0 minus 0. See I'm always referring you to the previous. That's why you really have to take the course and not just listen to this particular lecture from which c square is equal to 1 over epsilon 0. So here I can actually change this to 1 over c square. Now this goes out. And this goes out. And what do I have? I have e0 equals cb0. Such a simple dependency. Between them if we are talking about harmonic oscillations and we are talking about monochromatic light without an in vacuum etc. So all is clean. Which basically allows us to change slightly our equation. So again, so we can do instead of b0 square I can put i is equal to 0 over 4 epsilon e0 square plus 1 over 0. b square which is c square. No, b is e divided. c square would be here. Now this can be simplified even further. Since c square is equal to 1 over epsilon 0 mu 0 mu 0 is equal to what? mu 0 is equal to 1 over epsilon 0 c square, right? So mu 0 times c square is equal to 1 over epsilon 0. And 1 over mu c square is equal to epsilon 0. So instead of this I can write this epsilon 0 e0 square plus epsilon 0 e0 plus which is equal to... This is the same thing, right? So it's c over 2 epsilon 0 e0 square. And this is my total formula for density of light amount of energy light carries of this amplitude when it falls on some flat surface per unit of area, per unit of time. That's what density actually is. Very simple formula. Well, as everything counts in real life, real life is much more complex. Light is never monochromatic unless it's a laser light. And well, in any case, whatever it is we are talking about, as always we are talking about model and our model has allowed us to relatively simply express the amount of energy which light carries. In this case it's monochromatic light which has the same amplitude. It's harmonic oscillation. C is the speed of light. Epsilon 0 is electric permittivity of the vacuum. So that's what it is. I do suggest you to read the notes for this lecture again. And whenever I'm referring to prior material in the course, especially when I was talking about general energy of the electromagnetic field. So I refer to this particular chapter of the course in the notes and I suggest you to read that to refresh your memory. It would be great if you go through all the four Maxwell equations. They are explained in detail. And I think it's presented basically in a rather rigorous way. So there should be no questions basically remained unanswered. I don't really put something and tell you, okay, that's what it is, just believe me. I'm trying to put everything with a proof. I do suggest you to review that particular chapter of the course. And this is just a direct consequence of that. So that's the amount of light which can be used, this one, when we are investigating basically what the light can do. And that will be in the next lectures. So that's it for today. Thank you very much and good luck.


I think the SDGs are important for two main reasons. Firstly because they're universal, they apply to all countries and everyone working together to address global challenges in their national and local contexts. So all countries are trying to work on these together. And secondly they really bring together in a way that the MDGs did not environment, social and economic objectives to be addressed. So I think for those two reasons SDGs are a real step change. I think the SDGs will change development aid by hopefully moving to what some people call beyond aid so that we see development aid as an important and often crucial part of the development package but by no means the only aspect of that package. What matters also is sustainable consumption and production in the richer countries of the north. What matters is how we collectively address climate change. What matters is how we address urbanisation and industrialisation across the world. So all those parts of our parts of the SDG package which need to be combined with development finance to address the SDGs. Well this issue was hotly debated at the recently concluded ADIS financing for development negotiations. I mean I think the short answer is we don't know. Obviously there has been a global recession going on and a number of the traditional donors have been facing austerity so it's difficult for them to ramp up development aid in the way that we would like. However there are some new players coming on the stream. Some of the emerging economies, China, India, Middle Eastern countries and so on. So hopefully with a more ambitious agenda around the SDGs including environment and so on there will be more money but it remains to be seen if that is the case. So all the SDGs are important. I mean that's why there's a package of 17 because they all are interlinked. But in my own view the two that are most important are the poverty one and the climate one because as IID and others have said it's the challenge of achieving zero poverty and zero net emissions which really is central to making the SDGs truly sustainable development goals. The climate one is interesting because initially there had been a proposal that it shouldn't be dealt with within the SDGs because it should be dealt with within the climate negotiations. But Bangladesh and others pushed very hard that climate could not be left out of the SDGs and I think that's an extremely important conclusion and why it's actually my favourite and most important SDG.


Going into this season, are you scripting plays or how do you go about the start of your play calling in the game? We go with the plan. I try not to get into specifics here, the scheme and how we operate. But there's a lot of things planned out ahead of time and situations that you think about going to the week. And everybody's different. They want to arrange their call sheet. And for your calls, like, do you have, OK, these are my Corey Davis calls. These are my AJ Brown calls, my Johnlum calls. Do you have, like, it sexualized like that, or is it just kind of where the reads take the run? Again, I just not going to get into specifics on scheme here. But we have a plan and very conscious of if we want to get to a certain guy or not. OK, thank you. Paul? Wonder in the art, how conscious you are of a player's previous success. Derrick's obviously been very good against the Jaguars in the past. Jaguars obviously know that. Do you go into it thinking, OK, chess match in terms of getting Derrick going again? Do you kind of count on, hey, I can get Derrick going in this game? What's your thinking based on previous success with something like that? Well, every game plays out differently. And schematically, there are certain things we'll try to attack. Obviously, we get the run game going. And against anybody, it certainly helps us in what we're trying to do. But for sure, I mean, we need to be better, obviously, all around in the run game. Terry? Art, you guys are 14-0 when Derrick runs for 100 yards or more in a game, including what happened Monday night. Is that kind of validation of the identity of the offense? Or is that a stat that you put a lot of stock in? Well, I think it certainly helps when you're running the ball effectively. So he gets over 100 yards. I've seen the stat. But really overall, we've got to make sure, usually in the games in balance, or you're ahead when you have that many rushes in a game. So it kind of goes hand-in-hand. We're having success in the run game. And obviously, I know it's the line between whatever, 99 and 101, whatever that may be. But usually it means that you're either ahead or you're in the game, and you have an opportunity to run the ball that many times. And then kind of on that along those lines, Derrick had 31 carries. Is that a little more than you'd like for one guy to have in a game, or are you good with that? It was the way the game went. It's, we obviously know in the situation, he carried the load the other night. And what it was, it was still, it was a close game all the way to the end. It was kind of like a heavyweight fight going back and forth. And so we were able to get some carries late and there were big carries for us. Jim? Arthur, what'd you see from Corey and did they do some things throughout the game to try to take AJ out of it a little bit? Well, you know, how the coverage was dictating some looks there. And so it just, you know, Ryan made the right reads and Corey got going early and it helped open some things up. When did you know he was going to be available and how tough is it for you in circumstances? I know that's going to happen throughout the season where you're really not going to know until, you know, sometimes 90 minutes for a kickoff. How does your fallback plan work in that scenario? Sure. You got to have, you got to prepare for all those situations. I mean, things are going to happen. Guys are going to be down. It happens, it can happen the first play of the game. Obviously, you know, I just wait until Raves tells me, but obviously you've got a backup plan and we were ready if he didn't play. So I try not to worry about that stuff. I just plan accordingly.  If that's, you base your entire plan off that and play one, something happens. If you've got to be ready to adapt, that's the biggest challenge week to week. And you got to prepare for that beforehand. Theresa. Arthur, what is it about this offense that when you get into a two minute situation that you've been able to produce and, you know, now with Ryan, you've got four comeback victories, game-winning drives. What is going on that suddenly seems to click in those situations for you guys? A lot of it is preparation and there's a lot of trust among those players. We try to work through those situations. The guys have confidence in each other. And it's a really, it's a team effort all the way across the board. And you feel it, there's a calmness about them. And, you know, that last drive, it was refreshing to see the ball was spread around and we were able to operate and there was no panic. Gentry. Yeah, Arthur. You know, you ran so many plays the other night, but not too many shots downfield. Were you happy, you know, that you were able to stay on the field as long as you were or would you like to have made it a little easier on yourself? Well, again, you know, you do, I mean, that's the thing is you look in a game and a lot of times the defense has a say in some things. So we try to be aggressive. That doesn't change.   And, you know, you could be reckless and say, hey, we're just going to throw a go into that and be stubborn or you can play the game and they're going to make you earn it. That's a really solid defense and a good scheme and they got some smart players over there. So like I said, it felt like a heavyweight fight, 12-rounder, you know, they did a great job tackling and a lot of times explosive happened underneath stuff and guys break tackles. That wasn't the case the other night and we'll do whatever we have to do to go win that game. David Bowler. Arthur, you didn't score in the third quarter the other night, but you ran all sorts of plays, had the ball a ton. How important was that in terms of setting up what happened in the fourth quarter base, you know, either on your understanding of what the Broncos were doing at that point or fatigue or whatever? Well, obviously every drive, you know, and other than being in a four-minute situation there, you're trying to score touchdowns and so we were able to stay on the field. We would have liked to have come away with more touchdowns. I mean, that's the objective. But as far as it went, you got to play the situation at hand. What the score was, it gave us a chance at the end. It didn't take us out of anything and we got to get credit to our guys. Like I said, they just kept battling and battling and there's a strong belief in there and we were able to pull it out down the stretch. Corey? Hey, Art, when you look at this Jags defense without Ramsey, without Ngaakwe, without Galeus Campbell, I would imagine it's like preparing for an entirely new unit this year and what's it like? Well, you know, schematically, they've always played fast and Todd Wash has been there for a while. They got different players. They got some really good young players.  So we're ready for the challenge. Certainly it's different. There's different bodies out there, but it's a really good scheme and it's a fast physical defense. Lou? Arthur, Mike talked yesterday about how when it comes to a player becoming consistent on the field, a lot of times it's their off-the-field routine that leads to that, particularly with Corey. What have you seen from him over the last four years in terms of him building a routine to lead to consistency on the field? Well, everybody's different in a situation.  He missed a lot of time, he changed system, and there's multiple factors. I mean, these aren't excuses and you're not trying to rational, but everybody's different and things that come along. And you know, you just sometimes, for guys, it clicks at different times and there are circumstances that are out of their control and certainly the more reps he can get and the better he feels, the more it helps us. But hopefully there's a familiarity and we can build off what we did last week. And how can injuries derail that process when they unfortunately happen? Yeah, well, a lot of things. If it's time missed, I mean, to me, there's no more important, there's no more, it's so valuable for guys to get reps. You know, you can walk through things and you can talk through them on the board or guys can draw them out. And then the day they act of going out there and doing it over and over again, in my opinion, certainly helps development. Last one, Corey. Yeah, coach, also I'd ask you about Hump. I think he had seven targets in that game and I had some quick hitters on third down to move the chains. Is that more of the role that you envisioned for him last year and now moving forward? Well, he's certainly, you know, our slot in 11 personnel and that's one of his strong suits. But he's got a lot of things he can do for us. You know, it just depends on how the game's going and what personnel's in there. But, you know, his role continued to grow and Adam does a nice job when called upon.


Greetings from Saudi Post, SPL. We are honored to be part of the Universal Postal Union, where we are all here to discuss our goals, objectives, share experiences, and strive to get better together. We look to take advantage of this forum to participate and find solutions that will improve the sector through reducing gaps between industrialized and developing countries by learning from one another and working together to improve the lives of our customers through the services we deliver. I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation to Mr. Matoki, the Director General of the UPU, and his deputy, Mr. Osvald, and to the staff of the International Bureau of the UPU for their committed support and efforts. We at SPL value our membership to the UPU and look forward to working with all of you to create a better future. Thank you. Salam alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.


What's good Josh the ball lost back again with another video So we're gonna check out botcha mania Four four eight you guys were hitting me up on Twitter to check this out a new episode So that's what I'm gonna do for you guys. Hopefully you guys enjoyed this video I appreciate all the love and support the likes guys been running up the views running up the subscriptions We're close to 70 K on this channel man rode to 100 K Before the years up and I'm pretty sure I think we can hit that man So let's get right into this one.  I like these Related to wrestling Little while ago Wow, so that's what he said. I remember watching the clip I just didn't know what he what the fan had said. Wow, that's disrespectful. I'm glad Moxley gave that dude the boot Dude out of here man trying to ruin a special moment Yeah, there we go Okay, the multi-camera angle oh That was pretty cool. She caught that all on camera, too. That was Oh The table didn't break No, wait, what? Yeah, I see the song with a KOS in the game easy ice like that Ain't bring nothing to the table when I'm the table table didn't break I love it.  You did not See that stuff here cuz he's holding his hand It's it's yeah, it's kind of weird. Yeah, usually you're supposed to do it by yourself. So it's like, I don't know I guess I don't know I Guess and that's the ref too and he definitely botched that. Oh He definitely with Takes you out of when the opponent is just sitting there waiting for you to get into position.  Oh Yeah, a ladder spot the rep turn the mood a ladder out the way he is high up to the other team Oh, it was the other team Did he say whoa? Oh Town sandy fork Delaware not sandy hook.  Oh, yeah, this is this is what we doing On Monday night wrong with the tag team division great There's no surprise to me that the inner circle got faction of the air because since day one in AEW Our mission statement has never wavered We promised to take over this country that to dominate this company and this country Ladies and gentlemen To welcome back for the first time in nearly 20 years on smackdown for the first time in nearly 20 years It is my honor to welcome First time in 20 years nearly 20 years With respect Wow October 9 2019 Wow, you know most days I would say I am fully satisfied with my career Until kind of recently right I did not have the opportunity to compete In the royal rumble match when I was competing we didn't have one now we do And I don't know about you guys She wasn't a royal problem That means lie Oh the tag segment I love it Hey, so we on the other side with the dark order You have five and ten You know why six is afraid of seven Because eight nine eight nine You're the worst Seven eight nine. That was it. I knew that seven and that's so horrible that mad I'm a product of a new silly public school system Taz is funny on commentary by the way I'm looking taz on commentators My world would judge you In davis, california the next night. It's a raw taping melzer would write gerit and windham beat lod in a weird match The match was boring with morten gibson and cornet in the corner animal Was hit by windham with the tennis racket while morten and gibson were fighting the talk and then they pinned him The bell rang and they were announced as the winners Although apparently it was a screw up as everyone acted weird and just kept wrestling looking mad What do you remember about this match and why it was? Different I remember this for sure conrad. I don't know why but my god. It was a stinker I mean it was scrambled eggs They didn't want to beat anybody.  We don't ever see the dq. So Thank goodness. It was taped Seamless, huh You're fired scrambled eggs Cesar is outside of his office. We're gonna go talk to him. Where is the world heavyweight champion? You look agitated about this What is on your mind cesar? What is on my mind, amelio? You want to know what is on my mind? And hence Now have a talk to me boss, man. Are you the world heavyweight champion? You look agitated about this That can't be real He is reading the script while it's in shot Wow What is on your mind? He's reading the script while it's in shot What? Meets a fan Oh Oh I love these signs of like different games and stuff like that. This is dope Wrestling before it is gold Crash team racing is better than mario kart. Oh, that's a tough one Which one y'all choose mario kart or crash team racing? I like both of them But I've always liked mario kart. It's a little bit better in my opinion. Comment down below. Let me know Which one which game y'all prefer crash team racing mario kart?  Numbers don't play ties Has more chemistry What That's a good sign Now that's a good sign.  Not one of those you can't get the titles off the rope. Oh, no Not to get the scissors chance Oh, you can't get them Oh, that just takes you out of it when it happens. Those belts look pretty cool, too All right, just takes you out of it. Definitely about your mania As it should be You and I to the dance Oh Way back one away 10 second throw back to mean gene with the twin towers Good, thank you. I can't read this. The light is the shifts Of course, I need my cheaters. I guess Not the glasses, man I I forgot vent at one point uh early like early in uh Like when they were on television or whatnot vent was on commentary. He didn't become an onscreen like Presence until later on but that's crazy Are you getting like a bag of laundry Tony? Got you man. Yeah, man. I'll launch you back Pop myself on that one Yo The diss he said you look like biggie. Hey biggie. Hey you He kind of do look like biggie, bro Having fun right now Didn't see you come in.  So please sit back relax and enjoy my sonorous and dulcet tones Russel and Ferrara were under the misconception that gimmicks in bad comedy vignettes were the answer to wcw's problems Nitro became even more of a mess than it had been in bischoff's final days as Russo and Ferrara tried to pop ratings with an endless series of Stupid angles swerves and what they thought wrestling fans wanted to see most gimmick matches For whatever reason these guys were total marks for a pole match They'd put anything on top of not a pole man Chottas brass knuckles a crowbar a leather jacket buff bagwell's mother What my personal pole match fiasco had the revolution locking billy kidman's girlfriend tory wilson in a shark cage Then perry saturn challenged me to a match and the key to the cage on top of the pole I was supposed to save tory by grabbing the key and winning the match But the finish was a total mess.  I thought when am I going to do now? The other filthy animals started panicking and tried to help me.  Don't worry. I've got it I unintentionally pyphased billy kidman.  I can do it. Finally. I left for the key. Oh, wow I didn't miss. I would have been so screwed. That was one of those do or die moments Yo, Eddie with the hops man.  I don't recall I don't recall that That's definitely That's definitely Adam Cole Oh my god I don't think you're up there Hey hook, did you find what you were looking for?  I count the three hello phone while you open that door. We move out everybody got that ready Follow the leader one two three I like how they were just sitting there in the restroom And he closed the door That was a funny but intense segment, bro. That that bra was great. Oh my god Nothing can keep me from focusing on my duty except for one thing A crippling obsession with large breasts. Yeah I was trying to figure that out like I know some of you guys were sending me the clip We're like the the screenshot of that and I'm just like It's on any seed. This is what we This is what we're promoting. All right, cool Our partner is going to shack the world because he is none other than the shack Master That never uh happened did it Vince? I like that mash up and and it'll be pretty even Not for long Yeah, you'll use that special move you keep talking about and really let him have it That'll piss him off and suddenly it's whoops here comes his latent powers. I didn't see that coming What your last thoughts before being dissolved into powder will be impossible Exactly How could you be so certain he could be another peasant chump with a black belt or a lucky drunk Or maybe an aggressive salesperson It's the hair. They always have spiky hair. Oh, it makes sense The winner of this match is Ha ha ha ha Hey, mr. Burns, did you get that letter I sent letter? I don't recall any letter because I forgot to That kid slays me What is it that is always coming but never arrives quickly quickly We ain't tuned in on the riddle bit chief And I enjoyed this one. This one was a a good one. I'm glad uh, I got to check out botan mania for for a also I really want to know comment down below which game to y'all prefer Crash a team racing or mario kartman, but I appreciate all the love and support roll to 70k Appreciate y'all kicking me. See y'all next one


Coach, welcome back to the podcast. Welcome back to another episode with my friend Andrew Casal from Valor Accounting Services. Andrew, how are you today, sir? I am very well. How are you doing, Leo? Very well. Are you prepared for the Christmas holidays? Oh, yeah. I can't wait. I can't wait for this week to be over. Very good, right? If you're watching this podcast, then it is going to be pre-recorded because it's going to go out later. So we're recording it just before Christmas, a time of the year that is very busy for a lot of business owners. But if this is the first time you're watching the podcast, make sure you go back and watch the previous ones we've done because this is going to make a lot more sense about what we're going to be talking about today. So if you have a look at the screen in front, our last episode, we talked about good record keeping. Now today, we're going to talk about accounting software. So Andrew is obviously a specialist in this type of a subject and topic. So Andrew, take it away to talk to us a little bit about how why this is important for sports coaches. Yeah, no, thanks. So I think what would be quite important is just to take a little bit of a step back and see the business journey so far.  So that's either setting up a limited company or registering for a as a sole trader, self-employed. You then set up a suitable business bank account, keeping everything separate. And now and then you understand the importance of a good record keeping system. Now we're going to be talking about accounting software and why that's important. So what I want to do is I'm going to switch over to the another slide and we'll talk about this. So first of all, I wanted to talk about just a common misconception with with accounting accounting software. A lot of business owners believe that accounting software is just for the accountant to do the year end type things, maybe a little bit of bookkeeping involved. But that's that's not true. Technology has evolved so much that accounting software has become an integral part of any business owner structure. So even and it's not I'm not blaming. You know, I can't blame business owners because only 60 percent of accountants are actually embracing the new type of accounting software, which is cloud accounting. So it makes sense that a lot of business owners don't understand the importance of it in their business. So that's the first thing. Now, let's take it from you.  You've got using spreadsheets, which is great and it's working for you. What I find is that there are generally three types of business owners that I come across. You've got the first one, which is quite a rare case where they're just unaware that there's a more efficient solution to keeping track of everything, sending invoices, paying their taxes. They're just unaware that there's a system that can just do it a lot more efficiently. The the next one is the business owner that realises that they need to streamline their business and they look for solutions and they're a bit more proactive. Then you get the third one, which is they're just content with their spreadsheets and they're happy to just continue with that. Now, what I think I want to focus on the third one a little bit more, because that's where. If, for example, you've got a sports coach that is happy to keep track of everything on the spreadsheets, what I would say is ensure everything is correct, your formulas. I've had clients that have come to me who have kept their business records on spreadsheets and they think in everything is good, but the formulas just don't add up. You've got loads of spreadsheets and you have to check everything that is correct. I've had clients who have over calculated their their sales. So they've increased their sales because the formulas wasn't correct and they've underestimated their their expenses. And that does impact the amount of tax you pay.  So I've had clients like that. So that's one thing I would say, definitely double check. Make sure that the paperwork is in the correct, you know, files uploading your bank statements. You've got to upload your bank statements on, you know, your spreadsheets. Make sure it reconciles. You know, the amount of times I've had clients come to me that they would upload, they've uploaded their bank statements and it just doesn't, you know, the end balance of the previous upload doesn't match because they've had a few transactions, which it happens. You know, so one thing I would say for those business owners who want to keep it with spreadsheets, ensure that your system you've got currently is, you know, it's watertight.  So I can only imagine what business owners would say, OK, can my time be spent more effectively, you know, doing the thing I actually love, more passionate about, rather than faffing about with spreadsheets? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, 100 percent. It's a great conversation. And it's interesting because I know a lot of coaches that when I speak to them at the beginning, they're running everything through WhatsApp, right, they're running the entire business because they've got no idea. They think when you when you run a sports training business, that it's just about the coaching. Right. So I know a lot of coaches are going to be watching this video and grabbing their head and saying, wow, what is this? So it's great we're having this conversation because it shows that as a coach, you need to develop your business skills as well and not just your coaching skills on the field. Yeah, 100 percent. And hopefully this podcast can shed some light on how having a good accounting software will help your business will free up time for you. And so, yeah, the second second part is streamline your record keeping. And, you know, when you do move on to accounting software, everything's together. You've got your bank accounts together. You may have a number of different bank accounts. You can have an accounting software which brings it all together. Sending invoices as a sports coach, you might be sending invoices through Microsoft Word, for example, or you're using a software which is just dedicated to sending invoices. Well, having a good accounting software, you can do it straight from there. If you've got cash accounts, you know, with a sports coach, sometimes you do deal with cash. There's there's in a good accounting software, you have facility to account for cash transactions as well. So that's something to to be aware of is making sure that your accounting software is good enough to streamline your record keeping and keeping everything in one place, you know, not having separate files on your desktop, the, you know, expenses, sales and voices is all in one place. So that's the second part. Now, we move on to, OK, choosing the right accounting software. How do you go about choosing it right? So a good way to start is making sure that you have, especially if you're starting out or you're growing, have a cost-effective way of obtaining this accounting software, one that grows with you, grows with the business. So maybe starts with basic pricing and it may be something like sending X amount of sales invoices a month and X amount of transactions that you can have if you're a small business, that might be good. And then it'll be quite cost-effective in that way. And also now, as I said, the the barrier to entry in terms of having a accounting software is so low that you can even get for free. Now, there is a way where the UK sports coaches to get free banking and free accounting software. And we can actually include that in a later newsletter on how to do it. And more than happy as well to book a 30 minute call with myself with any sports coach to do that and help facilitate that process. Perfect. And if you are to cut out, if you haven't subscribed to the newsletter, visit the description below and you can subscribe to the newsletter to get what Andrew is talking about. Sorry, Andrew. No, no worries at all. OK, the next one is good customer service.  Ensure that the accounting software has good customer service that has sufficient training. And as I said, a lot of accounting software now helps with the onboarding side of things. So that's something that's very, very important. Of course, if you do have the resources for it, a good account and a bookkeeper would allow time to give training. So, for example, Leo, in your business, when you wanted to set up sales and voices or direct debit, we went through to it together so you understood how to do that. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, it saved me a lot of time because if you don't have this software, then you have to create the invoices yourself manually. Whereas if you've got the software, it has templates that you can use to send out to your customers. Yeah. And another thing as well is ensure that it's feature rich. And what I mean by that is. As what Leo is saying, does it send invoices? Are there integrations with third party software? Can it file your taxes for you? Can it do payroll because you want. A account software which has room for growth, which is obviously the next point is if you are going to be hiring staff, you want a facility where you don't want to get another bit of software to do the payroll for you. You want it all in one. You want it all in one. And an expense management tool.  You've got purchases. You want to put it in one place where the accountant or bookkeeper or you as the business owner can review that. And that's called an expense management tool. And Leo, you you love that tool, right? You have that on your phone. You could upload receipts and things like that. It's really, really easy to use. Yeah, it's my it's my best friend. OK, you know, and as I said, know it's limitations. If you do choose an accounting software, know it's limitations and understand where you as the business owner want to go. And another thing as well, speak to the software providers. They're happy to help as well. Fantastic. Yeah, I just want to add as well that it's I mean, the key the key points to this to this episode is basically being better organized and the more organized you are with your with your business, the more money essentially you'll you'll be able to make in the long term. Yeah. And you know what? That beautifully brings me on to my next point. If you've got an accounting software, an accounting system, which allows you to set up direct debit or a facility to pay online. You can then that that's a lot better for you as a sports coach, because that allows you better cash flow, because you're actually not having to chase clients for outstanding payments. It's done directly through the system, helps you better with cash flow. Then you can reinvest in the business or take money out of the business. So that's another important thing. So that organization really does come in to a more profitable business and a better business cash flow wise as well. And, you know, this is something more for the next podcast, but just a little bit of a bit of a take, shall we say, you know, producing quick reports of how your business is doing, you know, and having a accountant or bookkeeper who understands these reports can give specific tax guidance, even projections of how your business will do in the next three, six months. And that's obviously something we do with you, Leo.  Yeah, 100 percent, 100 percent. Yeah. So Andrew, take for a lot of coaches watching this, obviously, those that don't understand a lot of about accounting and software, they might be watching this and thinking, wow, like I'm getting a bit overwhelmed. But let's take two coaches, for example, you've got coach number one who's doing everything manually off a spreadsheet. And then you've got coach number two who's using an accounting software to run the business. Right. So what are the benefits of coach number two using the software against number one who's doing everything manually? So coaches have a better understanding. Yeah. So, you know, as I mentioned before, it just frees up your time as a coach to do more of the activities that bring revenue to your business and things that you actually find more interesting to do than the accounting side. Having a spreadsheet, it's good. It's, you know, a lot of business do that to start off with, because that's all they know. And and hopefully this podcast has given a little bit more education about that. And, you know, that's what I would say on that. And in terms of the overwhelming feeling, yeah, I do get a lot of clients that come to me and they it's a whole new world for them. But especially starting out, it's a lot about education, how it works. But after a short period of time, only a few weeks, maybe, once everything is on the accounting software, it's just a massive, you know, piece of mind for them. And then they can they know that everything is tracked. Everything is taken, you know, is taken care of. So, yes, that overwhelming feeling does start, but it goes very, very quickly. And you're in a better place. You are now than you were when you started with the spreadsheets. Perfect. Love that. Fantastic breakdown there. And if you are watching, OK, and you want to get in contact with Andrew to maybe learn more about accounting software or different softwares, right, in the description below, we'll put a contact info so we so that coaches can reach out to you with any questions about this type of topic. So I want to thank you again, Andrew, for another great insight, another great episode, and I look forward to our next one. Brilliant. Thanks for having me, Leo. See you later.


Big moves out here today folks, you get the 10-year up 26, 109 flat, the 30-year up a full point plus ATICs at $116.03 and if we do go over to the 10-year and take a look at it, we got under the 4.4 today, that is not the real news though, the real news is that you know my whole gig is price and volume okay and when you see this, you have the out of time in the trade, when you're pushing against swings and you get an expansion with volume, your probability gets so much higher you're just going to blow it away and you can see the 10-year out here today, particularly just coming back from vacation where the market has low volume, this has explosive volume, it's 4.3 million contracts we did in the 10-year out here today, you go to the 30-year and you're going to see the same type of setup, I mean you're pushing into the swing over 800,000 contracts and that's a huge contract volume for the 30-year, the 30-year is normally doing 250,000 to 300,000 so they're buying bonds the end of a fist and why? Because the market is expecting higher price, low yield and when it ends up happening, of course when you buy, you get two different things happening, when you buy in a 10 or 30, you're not only getting a price appreciation on it but then you're getting the percentage paid on it also and then we get to Kingdala and you get to Kingdala, this whole thing's coming together, it's like a puzzle coming together folks, okay? And you don't have this a lot, I'm telling you we've done this a long period of time, you just don't get this many shots when the puzzle has so many different pots but yet those pots are all in harmony and in harmony specifically what I mean is that you have the dollar going lower, you have rates going lower, you have gold in the metals market going higher and I expect that we're going to have the S&P higher also and it's going to be all predicated and I know it's a tough deal to say well how could that happen but you know what blows my mind? Every time I keep hearing them the things are bad, it's like okay man, things are bad, if you listen to Tommy this month you saw the shopping online, things aren't bad folks okay, but you know it's not even close, if they're bad you know we're spending a lot of money for a bad economy, have a great night folks, have a safe night, come back and visit Tommy tomorrow morning, kicks us off 9 a.m.


happens to make me reconsider my tough stance against the view. It's exceptionally rare, but this is definitely one of those moments. Don't get me wrong, all the leftists on this show are stealth socialists, but apparently they stop short of supporting communist dictatorships. Well, all but one of them. Wow. Americans have no nuance because they can see that subpar social programs are no substitute for security and freedom. Can you even imagine for one second that Trump, or anyone for that matter, said that Hitler wasn't so bad because of his social programs? Forget about it, that person would cease to exist in public life. But for some strange reason, communism and the monsters who implemented it are treated almost as if they're mainstream.  Gee, could it possibly be that all the people who enforce these standards are all Marxist, socialist, and communist themselves? Take this senior ABC News correspondent who openly admitted that the media is corrupt after Trump and that he is an outright socialist. And by the way, ABC News just suspended this guy for telling the truth. We'll get right back to the spew in just a moment. But first, I want to remind you all that yesterday, the CDC warned Americans to prepare for severe disruptions to everyday life because of the coronavirus. When emergencies strike, you always see news stories of long lines of people and empty store shelves. There's no need to be a part of that chaos and the possibility of having to deal with FEMA food lines. Those that know what's coming are using today to prepare. You should make a plan too. Start by building an emergency food supply. And I trust and use MyPatriot Supply. You can too. They're experts in emergency preparedness and have a guaranteed two-day delivery. Disasters won't wait, neither should you. This week saves $70 on a two-week emergency food kit when you go to MySpecial website, preparewithdronetech.com. MyPatriot food supply kits last up to 25 years in storage and include breakfasts, lunches, and dinners. Order a few today and receive a guaranteed two-day delivery discreetly to your door. Take action so you're ready for what's coming and save $70. Those that know what's coming are preparing. Go to preparewithdronetech.com. Preparewithdronetech.com. As you know who's saying they were good people on both sides, it's the same thing. There's no way to get... I don't agree. Oh, I do. Are we really back to this? One step forward, 100 steps back? What you just said there is a straight-up lie.  Trump never said that neo-Nazis were good people. He was specifically talking about normal people on either side of the statue debate. He clearly separated the neo-Nazis and then condemned them. I'm not going to spend any more time on this. If you agree with Whoopie, I'm going to leave some links in the description that you need to check out.  But he didn't say that. No, he didn't say that, but to a Cuban person is just as bad. I agree. It's just as bad. Cuban refugees who lost everything. This is pretty solid evidence that Behar is a brain-dead old hag who has no business on television. After Whoopie and all of her co-hosts made the point that saying what Bernie said was tantamount to saying that Hitler wasn't that bad, she still persists in trying to rationalize it. Why exactly does she think that so many Cubans risk their lives to get to American shores? Does she not know about the gulags and mass executions? An American vote is done as standard. I will say this. While the view crew appears to be logical and rational here, every single one of them would support the policies and programs that were implemented by Fidel Castro. They just convinced themselves that if they did it, it would be different. Did one good thing, he said. I don't think, by the way, that literacy program that he was talking about was a re-education program. Yes it was. There's a big difference. There you go. There's nothing good to say about Fidel, and so it'll cost him a lot in the pool. I believe the literacy rate did jump quite a bit after that. Yeah, I'm not sure they were getting a really good dose of world history in that program. So look, I'm not... Do they get that here? Do they get that here? Prong again, Joy. Did you all notice also how she bashed America under her breath as she was getting put in her place by her co-hosts? And again, it blows my mind that Bayhar still is trying to rationalize her position, even after her co-hosts told her that it's analogous to standing up for Hitler, even throwing her own free country under the bus in his defense. It's unbelievable. These people have made their lives on the capitalist system. Final point, I just want to keep reminding people that while the media bashes Bernie for the things he said about communist dictatorships in the past, they themselves are guilty of saying the same things. Check out my video from yesterday for more on that. And just to be clear, I'm not defending Bernie Sanders, but we need to remember that the media is just as a big a threat to this country and the values that it was founded on. Bernie is just a convenient scapegoat to deflect attention onto, while they come up with new tactics to deceive the American voter about their true intentions. Thanks for watching, please like, share, and subscribe. If you enjoy my content, please consider subscribing to me on Patreon, subscribe star, or just sending a donation on PayPal. For just $1 a month, you'll get early access to all my videos. Last thing, the CDC is warning Americans to prepare for severe disruptions to their lives thanks to the coronavirus. Now is the time to stock up on emergency food supplies. Just go to preparewithdronetech.com. Thanks for watching, keep coming back.


Good evening. Simple show presents the not so scary history of Halloween. Jimmy is so excited. Tonight is Halloween and he will be trick-or-treating for the very first time. His grandmother Annie walks with him and Jimmy is amazed by all the different costumes he sees. And at times he is also a little scared. Good that Granny is around. Jimmy asks her where Halloween actually comes from and Annie explains that most likely it all began a long, long time ago in ancient Britain. The Celts who then populated the island believed that October 31 was a magical day where the veil between the world of the living and the dead was thinnest. Ghosts, witches, goblins and fairies were said to roam the streets and the souls of the dead revisited people's homes. So everyone had to disguise and hide from the evil spirits and their tricks. Annie adds the trick-or-treating as its roots in the Celtic festival as well. People laid out food and drinks at their doorsteps as offerings to appease the evil spirits. Much later, the Catholic Church decided to transform the pagan festival into a religious celebration called Hallow Tye, an occasion to honor and remember saints. At the time, the so-called criers all dressed in black rang bells around town, reminding everyone to remember poor souls and the poor themselves went door-to-door offering prayers for the dead in exchange for treats such as soul cakes. In addition, they carried vegetable lanterns carved from turnips or potatoes which later became the well-known pumpkin lights. Finally, during the Great Potato Famine, the festival traveled with the Irish Catholics to America and became today's secular holiday that everyone can enjoy regardless of their religious beliefs.  Jimmy is surprised to hear that Halloween is a major celebration of dead spirits since the old ages and he secretly wonders if he will meet a real ghost soon.


We're standing at the Laramie River Station operated by Basin Electric Power Cooperative. As Wyoming Coal originates in the Powder River Basin and travels south on large coal trains, it ends up here where it's burned in these large generators. The Laramie River Station consists of three generation units with a capacity of about 570 megawatts for a total of 1,700 megawatts. One megawatt of capacity can provide power for about 1,000 homes, so this power plant provides power for up to 1.7 million homes. The Laramie River Station, which became fully operational in 1982, sits west of Wheatland on the Laramie River. The plant takes water from the river for its cooling operations. The plant constructed gray rocks reservoir to store water and is now a popular destination for recreationists and sportsmen. The Laramie River Station has invested over $500 million in environmental technology, giving it the distinction of one of the cleanest coal-fired plants in the world. The plant also provides 306 full-time jobs, making it the largest employer in Platt County. Standing here, where Wyoming's resources create energy for millions of homes, and from the University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Service, I'm Dallas Mount, exploring the nature of Wyoming.


What's up everyone, Takedown here. Welcome back to another video. Today I'm going to be sharing with you what to do if your laptop or desktop does come up a blue screen with a message your PC ran into a problem with sometimes it does have a QR code, sometimes it doesn't, but regardless, I'm going to be sharing with you what to do if you do experience that error message. Let's get right into this. So to fix your computer, if you did experience the, your PC ran into a problem blue screen message, it can be an easy fix and there is three methods that you can try before taking it in somewhere to be repaired, which can be very, very costly depending on what is happening to your laptop. So I do recommend checking out these three methods first before taking it in somewhere to be repaired. So starting off with method one, you're going to press and hold the power button to start the laptop or computer. You're then, whenever the Windows logo does appear, you're going to press and hold the power button again to turn off the computer. You're going to repeat those steps about three times until the preparing automatic repair screen does appear and it's going to look like this. Now once finished loading, you should be in the automatic repair menu. Now when you're here, you're going to click on advanced options. Next, click on troubleshoots, then advanced options. Once in advanced options, you're going to click on uninstall updates, then uninstall updates, then uninstall latest update. And on the next screen, you're going to once again click uninstall latest updates. Now this will take a while, but once it's done, it should boot up normally. And this should also pause any updates for your computer for 30 days, after which points, hopefully Microsoft does have a new updates and you'll update that one instead of the problematic one. Now if your computer does come up with the blue screen once again and it is shutting off saying that your PC ran into a problem, now try method two. Method two, you're going to make your way back to the automatic repair screen by turning on and turning off your laptop about three times, like I mentioned in step one. This time you're going to click advanced options, then you're going to click troubleshoot, then you're going to click advanced options. This time you're going to click start up repair. By clicking this, Windows will attempt to fix the problem. If it did fix the problem, great. But if it does come up, start up repair, couldn't fix your PC, click shut down, and then move on to method three. So for method three on how to fix your PC if it ran into a problem with the blue screen, you're going to once again make your way back to the automatic repair menu by turning on and turning off your laptop about three times, like I mentioned in the previous steps. Again, you're going to click advanced options, then you're going to click troubleshoot. This time you're going to click restart this PC. Now you can choose keep files or remove everything. By removing everything, you will lose everything, all your files, photos, every single thing. By selecting keep my files, it will remove all apps and programs that didn't come with the computer and reinstall Windows without losing and removing any of your personal files. Now before selecting keep files or remove everything, make sure that if you are using a laptop, it is plugged in because this may take a while. Once you do make your selection, you're going to simply click resets and then you are going to wait. As I said, this will definitely take a while. Now whenever your computer does finish reinstalling, there will be a file on your desktop called removed apps. This shows a list of the apps removed so you can reinstall them one by one. So there you have it, the three methods that are usually the easy fixes for if your laptop or computer is having a blue screen with a message, your PC ran into a problem. Most of the time these fixes do work for people. Usually it's the first method, but if you have to go all the way through all three methods to get it to work, hopefully that does work for you and hopefully you don't have to take it into somebody to get it repaired. If after the third method, you still receive that blue screen with the notes, your PC ran into a problem and it is restarting, then you will have to take it into repairs because there is a bigger problem with your computer than an easy fix can deal with. So hope this helped fix your problem. I'll see you guys in the next video. Please take care, peace.


Well, it's a unique opportunity. You know, it's an incredible roster. It's an incredible family here at the Nets. Sean's leadership, Joe and Clara, they support the vision for this community, for this franchise. And there is a family feel and fabric that makes it very exciting to walk into and to be a part of. So they are obviously at an incredible point in the history of this organization. So I think the timing is fantastic. The opportunity is fantastic. So that speaks for itself. You know, it's something that I've put on the back burner but always been listening, taking notes, building it in my mind and to get this opportunity to be able to join, you know, that lifetime of practicing and seeking it within the sport and life. Couple of this opportunity was a perfect match.