This is my first time presenting on this project without my project co-director, whom I'll introduce in a second. And so the first thing I'll say is that I have no technical background. So in answer to, maybe in philology, but not in computing. So partly in answer to Tom's question about digital humanities, I'm going to be quite evasive and say that I work on a project that's computational, and I believe it falls under the purview of the digital humanities. But I'm not actually going to talk about the digital humanities in any capacious sense in the next 40 minutes. This is my project co-director. As you can see from his PhD, he's a biologist. And you might be wondering, what on earth does a Latinist have to do with the biologist? And I'm actually not going to answer that question now. I'm going to come back to it later. And the story of our collaboration and its origin is also interesting from a pedagogical perspective and is relevant, some of the things I'm going to talk about. And don't worry, I won't keep you hanging on that as well. I'll tell you about that too. If you do have questions about the technical side of the project, the code underlying the tools, the biological models that we employ, please don't feel that you can't ask. I'll just forward the questions to Joseph, and he will give you an answer, rather than me garbling what is no doubt a complicated and important question. So intertextuality is probably a familiar topic to many of you, but I did want to just provide you with a definition from the person who's most closely associated with the term and who invented the term, Julia Christeva, the Bulgarian, French critic and semitician. And I picked this quote in particular, which is translated, any text is constructed as a mosaic of quotations, any text is the absorption and transformation of another, primarily because of this word mosaic, actually. And again, you'll see why that word mosaic is important. And intertextuality has really been the bedrock of criticism in Latin literature for, I mean, I would say principally from about the mid 80s onwards, associated in particular in the US with the work of people like Richard Thomas and Stephen Hines, and in Italy was Gian Biaio Conte. But really the kind of work that involves systematic comparison of two texts goes back to canonical works like Knauer's and the 1960s and much before that too. Now that definition of intertextuality to some of you will seem particularly narrow. It's a world of illusion and reference. And obviously, intertextuality is more capacious than that. It refers to relationships of the broadest kind, reception histories, and also to microscopic elements of meter and language. So I wanted to give you some example of the narrow kind because that's where I think the computational tools that we've developed are most instructive and helpful. But while I'm not going to talk about them today, we are working on other tools that approach questions of intertextuality from a larger reception history perspective, looking at the evolutionary histories of texts. So we here have a very simple case of an ancient critic, Lactantius, that's probably not his name, we don't know when he lived, we don't know who he is really, but this is the name attached to the commentary. And his commentary is on an ancient epic poem written in the first century AD, Statius is the Bired. Lactantius, whoever he is, is writing several centuries later. Lactantius quotes a bit of Statius at the top. I'm going to give you the translation in a second. I just want you to focus on on the Latin for a second since it shows what our tools do. So Lactantius quotes a little bit of Statius. And then he quotes the Comparandum. He quotes Virgil. And we know Statius is thoroughly intertextual with Virgil. And we have a nice illustration here and I've just bolded the relevant phrase. Now what's interesting about these two phrases is they're obviously very similar. You don't need to know Latin to see that they're very similar. But you can also see slight differences, changes in word order, and also changes in spelling. Okay, and immediately, you're probably thinking to yourself, well, that's going to pose a problem for a search method, right? You can't just search for an exact string and find it because well, those two words aren't spelled the same. That already poses a certain problem for detecting similarities among texts. And here's the translation. This is obviously an example drawn from the book I wrote a couple of years ago. And then here is a modern equivalent of precisely what Lactantius was getting at. This is a commentary written in 1991. His and this is the character Caponea speaking in The Bired Nine. His words here recall a speech of Byzantius, a character in Virgil. Okay, so good fodder for the literary critic to work on the ways in which these two characters, these two works might interrelate. Even though the particular example in question might look quite trivial, it's obviously part of a larger network of associations that are the nourishment for any kind of literary critical interpretation that we might engage in. So, why does intertextuality matter? I'm going to create an artificial division between language and philology on the one side and hermeneutics and interpretation on the other. It's an artificial division, but I think it's quite helpful. So, I think intertextuality matters. And again, this can be familiar to many of you, because from the perspective of a linguist or a philologist, we want to know whether there are other examples of this phrase or similar examples, whether there are any patterns in their appearance or usage, and what bearing meter or genre might have on usage. That's the kind of thing that a philologist wants to know in the regular course of events. It's the kind of thing any instructor of language wants to impart to a student of language. That's how we want students thinking about language in a technical way. But as literary critics, we also think intertextuality matters because we want to know in this local case what the effect is of Statius using Virgillian phrasing. Why is it that he's using this phrase if there is any specific reason at all? And in what ways do these two characters resemble or differ from one another? Is there a way in which intertextuality can help us think about a particular text as a locus for similarity or difference? And what literary reasons might account for differences in phrasing? Is there some kind of significance that goes beyond just fitting a formula into a particular metrical rhythm, for instance? So I'm going to introduce you to three tools. Some of you, I know there are a couple of classes here, are going to be very familiar with these. I'm going to introduce you to three tools which are not in each case designed to detect intertextuality, but that's how they're used. Two of them are designed to detect intertextuality. One of them is a browsing and searching tool, the first one, which is instrumental for most classes in finding intertext. I'm going to talk about three of them briefly, focus obviously more closely on my own project, and then I want to talk about some other things like pedagogical uses towards the end of the presentation. So this is Diogenes, it's a browsing and searching tool. Now the key thing to know about this tool, it's freely accessible, you can download it, it is completely useless on its own. The way in which this tool works is to use text provided by the Packard Humanities Institute, or the Thessaurus Linguigriki, texts of Latin and texts of Greek respectively, huge high quality corpora of those texts. It uses those texts as the basis for its browsing and searching, so you need access to those texts. This has changed recently, so the Thessaurus Linguigriki has a kind of an abbreviated version that you can search online freely, it has a more expanded version that you probably have institutional access to through your institutions. The Latin equivalent is now available online. The reason why I'm still presenting on Diogenes is because it is an exquisite tool for searching those corpora, it remains the best tool out there. Nothing I'm going to say about these three tools suggests that one replaces the other. Our hope is that they work complementarily and are useful to all literary critics and to teachers of language. So you can still get a free CD-ROM, the Packard Humanities Institute Latin text by the way, if any of you still have a CD-ROM drive. I mail-ordered a couple the other year. So Diogenes is designed by Peter Hezlender, class assistant at Durham. It was originally designed in 1999, but the latest version is from 2007. It's a tool for searching and browsing as I said, and not just Greek and Latin literary text, but also papyri. The method is exact matching. Again, this is key, because we're talking about ways of detecting similarities between texts, and already we've seen that sometimes these similarities are inexact or imprecise. Any time you kind of look for something using control F, I mean you know there are some restrictions on what you can find, here your options for flexibility include wild cards or partial words, and I'll show you how you might get at the result that I showed you earlier using Diogenes, even though those two words are spelled differently. It has numerous other useful features when you go to a bit of text and you click on a word, it gives you the definition drawn from the dictionaries provided by the Perseus project, for instance, and there are various other features that are really very useful, and it's routinely used by classes, many of whom like me have no particular technical background, and I cannot emphasise enough how important that is. Any kind of intimidation in the technical ability required to use a tool renders it completely useless, basically, even if the tool is quite useful in itself. This is routinely used by classes, which is great. So I put in some search parameters, you can see here that I put in the first four letters D, E, X, T, from that phrase we looked at. I put in square brackets E, R, so it would search for D, E, X, T, E, or D, E, X, T, R to encompass both possibilities. To be honest, I could have just left that out and just written D, E, X, T, and it would have been fine. And I wrote the word for me, Mihi, and I said, find these two words within a phrase in a pre-selected corpus of five epics and ten tragedies. So that's pretty sizable. I'm talking about many thousand lines of Latin. I mean, sure, it's not like searching Google books or something like that, but we're talking about really targeted searches here. And I picked this set of texts because it forms the test corpus for our own project as well. So I wanted to use the same search corpus. The results come almost immediately. I mean, one of the great things about Diogenes because it's doing exact searching is that the results appear very fast. There were 20 results and you can immediately see here the result that we were interested from book nine. And you can see that it captures both forms. So it's a really great tool. You can just click on the context and get access to the passage from which the verse appears or prose. It gives you very clearly the line reference. And as I said, because it's based on these databases of high quality text, that's kind of a big deal in classics. Our texts aren't all of the same quality. We have access to a lot of text through things like the Latin library, for instance, but a lot of those are free texts, right? Out of copyright. Sometimes there are typographical errors. And the quality of that text matters hugely, both for just getting the text right and not having garbled information as a researcher. But it's also difficult for students if they're confronted with text where there's a mistake in the text or there's something funny about it that hasn't been corrected by an editor. So it's great that it's able to use these high quality texts. There are some developments in that area that I can talk about in the Q&A that probably aren't going to come online for a few years. But there are some developments in the area to make higher quality texts accessible to the general public freely. So that's tool number one, Diogenes, which has been around, as I said, from 1999, although probably it's only been used a good deal from the early 2000s. In 2008, a project began at SUNY Buffalo, led by Neil Coffey, again a classicist, and Tesserai means mosaic or mosaic tiles, and you can see the logo is made up of mosaic tiles, hence why I chose that particular quotation from Christopher, right? They're drawing on Christopher's image of the mosaic, and this tool is designed precisely to detect intertextuality. Now, I talked about intimidation, right? Looking at an interface for a tool and how it can be off-putting.  This is not their launch page. What I've done is I've shown you the advanced features, which are fantastic. It's really good to have these features, but I just wanted to just put in your mind the thought, well, I as a user, and it doesn't really matter whether you work in Latin or Arabic or whatever, because part of the point of this presentation is to show what we do in Latin or in Greek, right? And for you to think about maybe how you might incorporate similar tools in your own instruction in your own languages, I hope that's one of the outcomes of today that we think about the different tools that are employed in different languages and how we might collaborate and export them.  So they've done a very clever thing, which is that their launch page actually just causes all of this to disappear or just doesn't show it to begin with. And you have to actively reveal it. So what you have is just these six boxes at the top. And here's where Tesserize Insight is fantastic. So Tesserize decided instead of targeted queries, where you input a particular phrase that you're looking for, they decided why don't we just have global comparison of two texts. So what you're interested in is not this particular phrase and Statius or in Virgil, but I'm just interested in Statius and Virgil and their interrelationship generally. So how am I going to find the intertext between these two works? So what you put in is a target text and a source text, and it, the program will focus on two word phrases. So the intuition is that two word phrases, whether relatively banal ones like Mickey Dextra, my right hand, or less banal ones, that those two word phrases are the core of intertextual elusive or referential language. And so the program will show you all common two word phrases. And this is the important next step. It has a scoring system to identify intertext of greatest interest and it does that by ranking the phrases according to the relative infrequency of terms because you're going to be more interested in two word phrases where the terms are rarer rather than having words like me or, you know, verbs like be in them. You're going to be interested in more substantive and rarer language or diction. And there are several experimental tools in addition to the core intralingual search. So there are some cross linguistic search tools, which are experimental. And we can talk a little bit about that at the end of the presentation as well. And the great thing about Tesserai is that they have a very quantitative systematic approach to evaluating their tools. They have very impressive benchmarks for the discovery of meaningful intertext. The work was published in the transactions of the American Philological Association in 2012 with a partner piece in what was then literary and linguistic computing also in 2012 on the underlying technical aspects. And what they showed was that you could recover a lot of the references that we see in scholarly commentaries. You could recover them using this tool. Now, this is what Tesserai output looks like. I don't want you to read the individual words. I know it's very small. I just want you to get a quick visual picture of what the output looks like. There are numbers that I took off the side starting with one and just going down. But the important thing is you have the reference in your target text, the reference in your source text, and you can clearly see the line in question highlighted in red, the etymological or linguistic similarities. The particular words in the two word phrase are set aside here. And then there's the score based on the metric of the relative infrequency of the word. It's also based on a distance metric, i.e. words that are closer together in a phrase. So it's treated more as a tidy unit, score more highly than cases where the two words are further apart. Now, there's an obvious problem with this, which they very much take account of, which is that you generate an awful lot of results. If you look at the top there, you probably can't make it out of the back, but there are 828 results just for a comparison of this isn't the whole work. This is just a book nine of the thread and book 10 of the Aeneid. That's a huge amount of data to plow through. Now, the scoring method certainly helps in that it reduces, you can presumably just not look at anything below a six. And in the advanced search feature there's an option to just not look at anything below six, seven, eight or nine. But nevertheless, you're going to get a lot of information. And plowing through that is going to require some expertise in the language yourself. This is not a tool for amateurs. Now, because of the nature of the intertext that are identified, you're also going to get things that aren't very significant. One of the things that Tesserai has done very well is to explain the difference between, and I know that literary theorists have been doing this for a long time, but it's very useful to see this in the context of a digital mountains discussion, the difference between meaningfulness and significance, literary significance. So what we get in a lot of these cases are meaningful comparanda, right? Phrases that are similar in some way that as philologists or linguists or people who are interested in commentary or people who are interested in teaching students about similarities and what have been referred to as code models. So language that's generically similar, but not necessarily significantly similar for a literary critic. Tesserai has been very good at explaining how this tool is very effective at giving you those code models in a systematic way. I mean, for a long time literary critics have had intuitions about generic language, but this is a fantastic way of establishing quantitatively and demonstrably the basis for similarities in generic language between authors. And in fact, there's a project currently led by Neil Bernstein at Ohio, Kyle Gervais at Western Ontario and Wei Lin, also at Ohio, where they use Tesserai to ascertain which epic poets in Latin are following which particular epic models and to what extent, using this kind of large scale systematic tests as the basis for their analysis. And that's coming out in Digital Humanities Quarterly this year. I think it's forthcoming in the next month or so. So this is a very brief account of Tesserai's strengths. It takes account of semantics, by the way, as well as morphology, although that's not immediately clear from these examples. That was a recent addition in 2015. So it looks at the definitions of the words in English. And so even when there isn't necessarily a direct Latin etymological equivalent between two words, the semantic equivalency between them will cause them to score more highly. And the processing time is fast. It's not as fast as diogenes, right? I'm filming for obvious reasons because of the number of calculations required, but it's still pretty fast. And again, that's important.  And it's very off-putting if something isn't rapid. Okay. Here's where the biology comes in. This is the slide that I'm most nervous about. So it's kind of shock and awe. And that shock and awe will disappear if you ask me questions about it. Okay.  This is brand new. In fact, our first interface is not yet publicly available, although it is available by arrangement. If you want to play around with this tool, then just ask me and I'll give you the password and you're welcome to use the website and play around with it. It's so new that we face the typical problems that, you know, people who create new tools do. The server crashes, you know, I have to phone system admins and say, please help. You know, someone's trying to access the tool and they've been extremely helpful in addressing any problems. Our method is based on something called sequence alignment. And sequence alignment is a technique used in biology and computational biology and system biology for highlighting reasons of conservation and dissimilarity in a protein. And that's extremely helpful for understanding what the functional structural or evolutionary role of a protein is by looking at it's the presence or absence of certain amino acid sequences in various organisms. And this is just a random figure from a paper by someone in Joseph's group, my co-director's group at Harvard. But you can see any number of sequence alignment figures like this in science journals. BLAST, the basic local alignment search tool, is an algorithm for more efficient aligning of sequences and it's really standard in bioinformatics. And the paper presenting it came out in 1990. And you can go and have a look at it. I mean, I can't really make head or tail of the detail. But if you look at it, just visually, if you look at the tool, you'll see the intuitive connection to the kind of thing we're doing. Now sequence alignment has been used for language. It has been used in natural language processing for text reuse and plagiarism detection. There's a really great paper by Olson. Carl, I don't know whether you know this, because it's actually based on a French corpus. And it looks for sequences, obviously, sequences of words that match from one text to another. I mean, one could say, well, you know, our motive, our inspiration comes from the natural language processing origin. But I see that's just not the case because I just happen to work with a biologist. So I actually does, in fact, come from the original biological instantiation of the technique. So here's the core difference about what we're doing. We're not looking at sequence alignment of words. We're looking at sequence alignment of characters. And as far as we're aware, that hasn't been done before. And for calculating the difference between two strings, remember, we're looking for inexact matches, right? Exact matches are easy to find. What we're interested in is sequences of characters, i.e. words that differ in some respect or other, but are not radically different, right? They're similar enough that they may be of literary significance. So edit distance is a measure of character by character similarity. Here's a really simple example just drawn from the Wikipedia article on edit distance, I think. And it shows you how we score a change from one word to another word here with three additions, substitutions or deletions. In this case, one substitution, two substitutions, and then a third addition. So this is our, this is our, our interface. And as you can see, it's very rudimentary. You know, the final version will not look like this, but this is very functional. And it's quite clean, which is helpful for the people testing it, including me. So the way this works is by you inputting a query. So in that respect, it's closer to diogenes than it is to tessari. Although again, I'll come back to that in the end. It's not the last word on it, but you input a phrase of interest, you specify the maximum edit distance that you're willing to tolerate. Now intuitively, if you specify a very large edit distance for a very short phrase, you're going to get all the results. You're just going to get the entirety of the text. If you specify a very small edit distance for a very long sequence of words or characters, you will get zero results, except for the identical phrase itself. So that's just an intuitive way of thinking about how one uses edit distance. We've recently added some new functionality. So you can align either the whole phrase continuously starting from the first letter and looking for all matches for every single letter in a line, or you can align each word separately in the query. So the program will look in a phrase like Dexter or Mihi for every match starting with Dexter, every match starting with Mihi, and including any gaps between the words. So that's the number of words and range function. You can and that allows you to align your search query with non-adjacent words. And remember, for some languages, especially a language like Latin, there's huge flexibility in word order. So it's actually, it's not going to be useful if you were restricted to just looking for matches of phrases that are just considered as single sequences. Latin poets all the time will move phrases around so that a word is at the beginning of the line and its counterpart is at the end of the line. So you do need that option, especially for studying a language like Latin. And then there are various options for corpus selection here that I mean, I won't go into the details, but I just wanted to acknowledge that Tesserai helped us out a lot with just making the text accessible more rapidly. We had a parser for for making a lot of the free texts usable. But theirs was simply better. They had they had some experience doing this from further back. And actually that's not an insignificant point. I mean, I was saying last night over dinner that one of the nice things about the digital humanities community, even though we're talking about two very much two projects that are very much based in classics rather than the digital humanities is that it has been, at least in my experience, a very welcoming community. And even though we are in some sense in competition, it has never felt that way. And we've been very, I hope we've helped each other a lot. And certainly I'm very grateful to Tesserai for the for the help they've given us. So some sample output from our tool, I put in the phrase Dexter Amihi, you can see here no wildcards. I just put in the phrase that I was interested in. I imposed a very low cut off just for the purposes of this exercise. I said, you know, give me any order. A range of two means I actually wasn't in this case looking for the individual words separated with any gaps in between any intervening words. I was actually just looking for the words in either order. And we can see that one of the advantages, I mean here we can see the capturing of the two relevant intertexts from in ear 10 up at the top and the by nine down at the bottom. But we can immediately see that one of the advantages of edit distance is because it is blind to diction, semantics, etc. All it's doing is calculating character by character similarity. It actually is good at including spelling variations like Dextra and Dextra, because when you, you know, you have a difference like that, all you're doing is adding a cost of an edit distance of one, which is relatively insignificant. It's not non significant, but it's relatively insignificant. So it's a nice way of capturing those small variations, which could be spelling variations, they could be orthographic variations. It's a nice way of doing that. But, and this is probably most interesting, if you look, and I know it's going to appear small to the people at the back. But if you look under Ovid metamorphoses, the entry at 13361, you can see the phrase Tibi Dextra. Tibi here means to you or for you or you're in this case. Well, that's in no way like Mihi, me. I have a pronoun, sure. But, right, it's a different word. The way that sequence alignment can capture this is purely through the similarity in character between Tibi and Mihi, right, the substitution of T and M, right, and H and B. And so you're able to catch phrases that are related to your search query, but are crucially different in a way that would be challenging for diogenes and for tesserae. OK, and again, I say that not at all as a criticism. It's just that you want to use these tools in a complementary way to capture the broadest range of intertext. So I want to give you two more examples. So I work a lot on Flavian Epic. That was one of the core. This is the epic poetry written in the late 1st century AD. And one of the reasons I work on that poetry, or one of the advantages, sorry, that I have in working on that poetry is that there's been a lot of interest in it over the last 20 years. And that's fantastic because it means there are a lot of scholarly resources to work with. And they're recent. And so they employ the full range of intertextual techniques, not the search techniques, but the interpretive techniques that have been built over the last 20 years. And also, and this is key, those texts of the late 1st century AD have models that are extant. We actually can read Virgil and Ovid, who are the models for these late 1st century AD texts. The problem with doing intertextual search for Virgil and Ovid is we don't have their predecessors. We have fragments of Enneas. We have very, very few fragments of other Republican epic poets. So it's pretty hard to do any kind of intertextual search. You have no corpus to work with. If what you're looking for is prior reference and illusion. The great thing about working with late 1st century AD texts is you do have their principal models. So especially if you're testing a method, you actually have scholarship that tells you what kinds of references and illusions there are and you can measure your results against that scholarship. You just can't do that if you don't have an extant corpus to work with. So it's a huge advantage in working with late 1st century AD epic. So I put in a phrase from this poem. It's a Silicitellicus as Punica, an epic on the Second Punic War, the Hanabalic War. I put in this phrase and it's the same target corpus. The 15 works Five Ethics, 10 Tragedies. And we can see here this phrase in Virgil's Enneas, which is a really famous phrase in Virgil's Enneas where the goddess Juno says, if I can't turn the gods, then I will move hell. And this occurs in the middle of the Ennead. And the phrase is Akeronta Movebo. The phrase that I put in is Akeronta Videbo. I will see Akeron or I will see hell. Well, I will see and I will move have no kind of linguistic relationship to each other, except in their morphology, the first person singular future active indicative. That's the only thing that's similar about them. OK, so again, most computational search techniques are not going to be able to give you that parallel. And it's a clear parallel for reasons that I won't go into. But this technique will give that to you because the edit distance cost of getting from Videbo to Movebo is very small. It's only three. All you need to do is change those first three letters. And you're starting to get a sense of the compositional technique of a poet here, right? So the poet has a phrase in mind. There's a desire to alter the phrase, right, to generate new meaning. You alter the phrase in some way that where it's recognizably elusive to a prior model, right? Enough so the reader gets some satisfaction from it, from identifying it, gets some meaning from the relationship between these two texts. But nevertheless, there is this there is this key difference there. And sequence alignment provides you a way of detecting these these intertexts. Now, you could say, well, you could you could find this this intertext just by looking up the word acron, because acron can't be that can't be that in frequent. And that's true. Sorry, can't be that frequent. And that's true, right? It appears 27 times in this target corpus. You could look through 27 examples and you would find your parallel. Okay, so let me give you a slightly different example. So yes, so more VEVO and VIDEVO hourly similar, but semantically different. I couldn't give you the search parameters for this, but I looked for a phrase commune nefas, a collective evil.  But anyway, so I, which is a really important programmatic phrase at the beginning of Lucan's poem on the Civil War written just before Silas Italicus and Statius. So this is in the middle of the first century AD. Again, hugely intertextual with Virgil. And I wanted to show you two interesting comparanda. So the phrase commune nefas that I looked for occurs, as you can see just under Lucan Bellum, Kibla, commune nefas one six. And the two phrases, the two comparanda that I'm most interested in are one, the the direct identical phrase in Seneca's Thiestes, that's a tragedy by Lucan's uncle. So he's clearly getting this language from his uncle's writing. But here's another interesting comparandum. Virgil's anird in a passage located in the underworld in book six, famous passage of the anird im man nefas, which refers to the worst possible crimes committed by the paradigmatic sinners in the underworld, so Titios and Ixian figures like tantalus figures like that. And what's interesting about commune nefas and imane nefas is precisely again that they are hourly similar, commune and imane, but in fact they bear no etymological relationship at all. I think there's literary significance there. Lucan's very interested in putting hell very much on earth in the Civil War fought between Caesar and Pompey. And Lucan is thoroughly intertextual with Virgil systematically over the course of his poem. But again, you're not going to find that intertext through conventional means. Sequence alignment allows you to detect it at a relatively low edit distance, showing you the Arles similarity. Now, nefas, unlike Acheron, occurs very, very frequently in these works because they're so concerned with wrongdoing and evil. And so you're going to have to go through 256 instances if you want to find these parallels. So now we're starting to see the benefit of sequence alignment as an efficiency, as an efficient method of detecting intertextuality. We, like Tesserai, have ongoing work to systematically validate the method. We're using another Flavian poet, another first century AD poet called Valerius Flaccus because there are three recent commentaries, two from the late 2000s, one from mid to late 2000s, one from the 90s or early 2000s, which gives us a lot of conventional scholarship against which to measure the success rate of sequence alignment at recovering intertext. There again are 15 texts in the comparison corpus. You don't need to look at the details on this chart since it's going to appear quite small. The key thing is this is a snapshot of the kind of validation data that we have. You have the Valerius Flaccus reference, the intertext reference, the commentary in which the intertext is noted and then a note on whether the intertext has been recovered or not. We have been very impressed with the success rate so far. We've managed to recover 385 out of 451 parallels for about 400 lines of the text, which is about half the book. It's not a faultless method. In some cases, the number of results in which the key result appears is reasonably large. So this is obviously going to need to be refined over time, but it's extremely promising as an automated method of detecting intertextual parallels. But it isn't just about detecting intertextual parallels in text that we know to be intertextually connected. These tools have to be helpful with new applications and well as well. And this is in some ways the thing that I'm most excited about and also the area in which I'm most ignorant. You'll probably have some sense that classes work on classic poetry or prose. We work on the period of classical antiquity and broadly conceived. But there are good arguments that we should be working on Latin and Greek wherever they're found, including in early modernity. But actually, Neolatin is relatively, relatively poorly studied. I mean, there are obviously great specialists in Neolatin, but as a proportion of the greater community that works on either early modernity or Latin, it's actually a very, very small number. One of the great things we can do is aid people who want to work on Neolatin text, right, but don't have the time or the energy to read thoroughly in Neolatin, apart from anything, the employability level if you work on Neolatin is not exactly great. So what we want to do is provide an option for uploading. And this is all very temporary. I mean, this is, you know, brand new, is providing an option for uploading a text file that has a Neolatin text. Actually, Neolatin has a lot of online text available. It's reasonably well supported in that. And so you can search for intertext using this target file that you've uploaded. So I took an example of a 15th century play written by this guy who's very young at the time, he's 18. He then has this religious conversion where he says, I'm never going to write any Latin poetry again, because he doesn't explicitly say it, but it's very clear that he has a turning away from it as being somewhat corrupting. So when he's very young, he's a great Latinist and he composes the Seneca style tragedy. So I searched for this phrase in a passage that I know is intertextual with Korea's progny. And we can see so I searched for two word phrase Umbrarum Arbiter. You can see there and then a three word phrase here. And we can see this result Furiarum Agmina or Dira Furiarum Agmina. And I put it in bold here right at the bottom. What's interesting about this comprandom is that none of those words are the same. Not a single one of those words is the same. But hear the sound of it. Dura Sumbrarum Arbiter. Dira Furiarum Agmina. The rhythm is the same. Some of the key sounds are the same. D, R, Arum, R, right? If that wasn't enough to convince you, look at the rest of the language, right? Adite, Adi, right? Poinas appears there and is also a synonym for Suplikia, right? Sequid, Sequid. So these passages are, I mean, incontrovertibly intertextual, right? Korea is using Seneca very, very explicitly here. But sequence alignment allows you to see the close similarity in sound, right? And sound is crucial to poetry. If we can impart that to students by using this method and showing how poets compose using sound just as they do meaning, right? That's a huge benefit. So just a couple more slides and then I'll turn it over to questions. So the strengths and weaknesses of sequence alignment. It's really good at finding parallel phrases where one word is in common, but the other is or are merely similar in sound. All I've given you a blockbuster case where none of the words is similar. You can have a lot of fine tuning and controlling the cutoff, i.e. the maximum meta distance that you want to accommodate. The disadvantages, interesting results can easily be lost amongst copious, largely uninteresting output, which is actually worse than Tesserai. The nice thing about Tesserai is even results that aren't hugely interesting often are somewhat interesting, whereas in a lot of cases with sequence alignment, you're getting garbage. Processing time is slow for large corpora. This is a real problem. It's actually, it's apparently and I again, please don't ask me about this, but there was a paper published this last this past summer that showed provably that sequence alignment for extremely large datasets was impossible. If you wanted global comparison of sequence alignment, if you're searching for an individual phrase, that's fine. If you're searching a small passage against a large text, that's fine. If you wanted a global comparison of the form that Tesserai does, you couldn't use sequence alignment unless you were to apply some kind of efficiency heuristics. And we're exploring that possibility, but there are some there are some computational obstacles there. So future development, we're going to try parallelized search. We just need to find, as I say, some heuristics. We would like to have even finer tuning and we would like to incorporate some significance waiting. And this is hopefully going to be interesting to a number of people. We would like to extend it to other languages beginning with ancient Greek, obviously, since we're familiar with that. But we think that this could be useful for many other languages as well. I want to cite the contributions or at least describe the contributions of undergraduate and other research assistants because I think that's really crucial for understanding how these projects develop and what the possibilities are for the future, for pedagogy as well. So this lists some of the things that undergraduates and high school students have done. In particular, I want to acknowledge the contribution of someone in this room, Adriana. So Adriana Casares is a former UT alum. Actually, I poached her from my wife, who teaches in the Classics Department here. And Adriana is now a high school Latin teacher in Austin and has been hugely instrumental in being and enabling us to do the work that we do. And this kind of partnership with teachers, with high school students and with undergraduates is crucial to the success of this kind of enterprise. There's a lot of desire out there and there are a lot of skills out there that can be leveraged. It takes time and it takes energy to coordinate all of this, but if you're able to do it, there's a lot of benefits to be seen there. Very briefly, I want to talk about computation and intertextuality in the classroom. So in addition to independent research and collaboration on research projects, I did teach a class in the winter called Virgil in the Digital Age, which was an advanced Latin course, where we used these three search tools to read passages of Latin and students were asked what is and what is not an interesting intertext and why. There's a crucial difference in doing this on the basis of commentaries, traditional research just as I would, and to do it using computational techniques. It really puts the onus on the student to process a large amount of data and really think through the pertinent literary critical questions, the philological questions. Are there frustrations? Absolutely. There are a lot of technical difficulties. Some students are intimidated by the use of some of the tools. But you can overcome them. I certainly think the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. And I'm sure part of that was also down to my relative inexperience in teaching a course for the first time that incorporates technical matter, especially when I have no particular technical background. I do think it was worth nevertheless. What are the pros? Enhanced reading? Naturally incorporating criticism and research just in the process of reading a foreign language. Final thoughts. I think classics is an unusually privileged position because of the amount of work that's been done in computation and digitization because our corpora, relatively speaking, are quite small compared to English. And so it allows us a good deal of expertise in a narrow area, which obviously with English it's a little bit challenging to know an entire field with classics. I think that you know an entire field, but you know a good proportion of it. Sharing an extension of resources with and to other languages I think is going to be crucial for the development not only of our project, but of the field as a whole. I am very pleased by the collaboration between me and my co-director, Joseph, because it's a substance of collaboration between humanists and scientists, not only to answer historical or material questions, this is crucial, but to support criticism, which I see as fundamental to what the humanities is. I think there are opportunities that I've kind of alluded to for the use of these tools for digital pedagogy in the classroom and for showcasing novel opportunities for collaborative research that are attractive to people who want to try things that they would normally do in a lab maybe, or they would do in bioinformatics, but they could also now do in a humanistic environment. So I think there's a lot for us to talk about here over the course of today. These are some of the people that I work with, some of the officers that have supported us. I'm happy to tell you about the origin of my collaboration with Joseph at some later point, but for now, thank you very much.


U.S. Senator, Democratic Senator, I should say, Tina Smith has accepted an invitation to attend the Red Lake State of the Band address later this month. Red Lake Chairman Darrell G. Seeky Sr. will present the State of the Band on Friday, February 22nd at 11 a.m. at Seven Clans Casino Event Center in Red Lake. Senator Smith serves on the committee on Indian Affairs, as did her predecessor, Senator L. Franken. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Lucas, dude, you sneakily have one of the best Instagram pages on this Yankees team right now And we're here to take a look at some of the top form posts. Are you ready? I'm ready. Let's do it First one you got a personal barber at home man to keep you looking fresh Yeah, that was the moment in time where it was time to go bald So I knew my daughter couldn't mess it up. So I said go for it. Just have fun You know, it was the one time I wouldn't worry about my haircut. Yeah, well it looks good now and does she still do it? No, now we go a clean razor. So I'm not letting that happen. Oh, yeah, but how about the mustache? So the mustache is a good look. Do you let her touch that at all? Same thing off limits This is the only facial hair I can have so it's my precious right now You also have other kids and right here your youngest one, man This was such a special video. You're washing your dork spring training. Yeah When my wife said that to me I kind of got a little emotional because like that's kind of what it's all about for me Everybody's kind of asked me why have I kept playing and it's really been for my kids Especially my boys to watch me on TV and actually know like hey, that's dad. That's what he's doing. So that one's my favorite video just because You know, it's just the raw emotion of him thinking I can hear him thinking he can like talk to me I love how much of a family man that you are I'm sure that they're pumped at home watching this and also too. We're gonna see your other sons swing right here So everybody in the in the Lucas Licky family's getting some love right now. Yeah, and that's another great thing You know, I got to go home and coach him and this first kind of little league action. So same thing. That's just what I enjoy I enjoy Doing the little league stuff doing the coach in the basketball To bring joy the game source not so serious so much right now, especially with baseball younger kids is like They think they're going to college at the age of seven So I try to bring the fun back into and like hey, it's not that serious just have fun Let them play in the dirt Let them do whatever they want and that was a special kind of thing that you also got to do too while you're recovering from injury So you got a chance to be at home and have those special moments with all of them Which is awesome to see you coaching out there. Yeah, it's one of those like I said when I was hurt with TJ It was unfortunate But I got to do the whole dad thing year-round which my wife appreciated my kids appreciated And I appreciate it. So Like I said, it was there's pros and cons to everything that was the biggest problem being hurt is getting to do the normal dad stuff Yeah, and you've been doing this for a long time So having more innings is that arm have left me because who knows maybe one day you'll be throwing a BP or Never know on the same team you could some of these guys go pretty deep into their into their I don't think I'll ever play on the same team as my kids. I Mean if I do congratulations to myself I Got I'm gonna play as long as they let me Yeah, you know at some point I will call it quits just to go home and be with the kids because I don't want to miss out on their life at the end of day, this is a job, but Family is more important to me. So at some point I'll have the decision. But right now we're good All right, like you said family man. Here you are Disney. Nice family picture. You got the Mickey Mouse get up on Yeah, we did that this offseason It was an experience That was my first Disney experience So me and my kids got to do it together. We were exhausted. I don't know when the next time we're going back But it'll be a few years from now. I say that we win the world series You know like everybody else we go in a Disneyland. Yeah. Hey, well, I know you love to dress up And I was kind of hoping that you're gonna be in some sort of Buzz Lightyear or what are you after right here? But this is another great picture that you got Toy Storyland. I wore that shirt today too somehow shockingly That's amazing. No, man. That place is a blast I understand why it costs so much because they go to every little detail for every ride everything around the park so and The good thing about this like the toy stories I watched as his kids. Yes, somehow. They're still relevant So I get the enjoyment and nostalgia while my kids get to enjoy it as well The amazing amazing and here you go. So we see a lot of smiles This one picture everybody's birthday party you got the mean mug go are you just trying to match your daughter right there? Or what? Yeah, she wasn't too thrilled about being part of that So we're just trying to make her get through it, you know Sometimes with kids you got to force them to do stuff and that was one of those times Did you guys save the caricature? It's somewhere at our house Dude, you are a great husband also the office theme party for your wife's birthday After she ran a half marathon.  I know So the office is kind of I feel like every couple has a nighttime like go-to-bed show And the office has been our go-to-bed show for years and years We kind of live our life through it.  So I thought that'd be the best Birthday party she can get it's office theme out of all the characters in that show. Who's your favorite? I mean obviously Michael Scott when he left it kind of Went a different direction besides that Kevin. Okay, okay, just a dry Sensitive humor plain Jane, but hilarious. It's like I said your wife ran a half marathon that day and then also team guys Did the color run so who's the big runner in the family? Is it her? We both kind of have that tick of like wanting to accomplish something that we know is hard So her her is the half marathon. I couldn't do that one because it wouldn't be good for me for baseball And I just don't want to mm-hmm, but it's like the color runs are a simple like 5k It makes our kids, you know get active with us and it's fun Like, you know, they throw color over you the kids love it Yeah, we try to do our best to get outside and stay off the TV as much as possible. Well definitely shows and How did this come about all along? This is pretty cool And when your son looks back on this picture, he's gonna realize how cool it was to I'm sure my gym I work out back at home host an annual ping-pong tournament and This was the same year the astros won the world series And so we had some at Astros players like Breg McRae worked out there and That year Paul wall made him a song for when the world series so it all just kind of came together at the same place We were doing the ping-pong tournament. They knew him and we're like, hey Will you come perform? You know at the ping-pong event and he did I saw my opportunity and I went for it I'm a big Paul wall fan. So yeah, yeah adds some street credit and also to would you ever rock a chain like he does I'm not so much the chain. I want the grill. Dude. Yes, you know my bachelor party I wanted to start off at Dave and Buster's and so we won't enough tokens to where I got me a grill So I had me a grill for my wedding day But the full-out diamond grill has always been my goal. Oh, that's amazing I don't know how we didn't see her how you didn't post any of the grill photos from the wedding day, man That have been fun to show off. There's there's one somewhere out there I just don't know one photo that's great And one of your buddies who's actually in your wedding and this means headlines everywhere when you first came to the Yankees But your buddy Emmanuel Sanders a NFL wide receiver the dudes of stud That's so cool that you guys are literally doing the highest level of what each of you do in your given profession Man, it's talk about surrounding yourself with successful people. It's kind of weird and we talk about it all the time How amazing it is, you know, we're both from the same hometown You know, 3,000 people we came up together playing Little League basketball everything on the same team our whole lives You know graduated together And I don't think either one of us if you talk to us in high school or even college or like, yeah I'm gonna make it to the next level. We were just kind of living our life and doing our thing and then Slowly but surely it just started happening. And then once we kind of got up there we Were feeding off each other like the year I was hurt. He was recovering from Achilles So we got together once a week did recovery together, you know talked about it Like he taught me a lot about the mental part of the game, which I'd never dealt with So man, we're both so proud of each other and you know Kind of where we are and like last year was awesome both being in New York You know, he got to come to some games here and we end up we even met at a Brooklyn Nets game for the playoffs last year So nice. It was just a cool experience from two kind of small-town kids to be in New York City together You know for different professions, but at the highest level when it comes to football season offensive football Are you trying to get them on to your team? Is it is it one of those types of things and you mess around with them after games like hey Thanks for the seven points. We we try but my league. I'm in is my hometown league Okay, so it's all guys who grew up with them. So he's pretty hot commodity usually this might be one of the hardest pictures You've ever posted on your Instagram page See if you zoom in you got the chain It says L train on it As the train is going by right now It might be a sign that you have to bring it back and bring it to the Bronx man Just whip it out there, you know, that's what I my goals in life were to play basketball I wanted to play at UNC and unfortunately, I just stopped growing. I couldn't shoot well enough I couldn't jump high enough so I realized where I was better, but my whole life growing up I was out in the driveway playing basketball imagining Playing for UNC and also teeth you're pulling both these basketballs. You got this. Yeah, the right hand's a little tougher Good for you, man. I could handle my own. All right. All right. I was honorable mention guys a stud So this is pretty wild soon. We talked a lot about your family and we talked about Just loving baseball and basketball and football, but this is kind of crazy. This mug right here that was kind of me my now wife went on a date in college and She wanted to go to a pottery decorating place And I was like sure so you get there you pick out whatever you want to color So I picked a mug and you have to create an idea to put on there So I thought why don't I put all my favorite teams in my current team? Stuff with my high school logo junior college cowboys Yankees And it's just kind of every team that I was either part of our follow-up and I've kept that mug I still have it and All of a sudden, you know, we get to talking, you know last year all season And my agents like hey the Yankees called, you know, it progresses and I sign with them. I'm like, you know And there's kind of clicks in my head. I was like, I got a mug with the Yankees on it You know, I got to find this thing and sure enough it was still there and I was like I spoke into existence man Dude, it's so wild and that's when you and your now wife are just dating. Yeah, like this is like this is completely coming full circle Which is wild. Yeah. No, I mean there was No rhyme or reason to it. Otherwise, I was just putting my favorite teams and the teams have been a part on it And like I said here I am now. Yeah. Alright, so did you drink out of this cup this morning? You still haven't? No, it's not here in New York. No, I didn't try I was the first few months because my family wasn't here. I was in a hotel. So I don't try with any, okay dishes We see all these Instagram posts like I said before huge family man huge sports guy What would you say is your favorite part about social media? To me, it's kind of like my newspaper So, you know when I'm drinking my coffee anymore, and I'm going through Twitter because I follow things I'm interested in that's mostly Twitter the Instagram and Facebook is how I keep up with my friends and family back home Now's the time for the plug So why should all the Yankees fans and baseball fans just sports fans generally anybody out there watching this? Why should they follow you and what do you have to offer? I mean, I try to give a good insight of what We do especially in the off-season I'll post a lot of like bullpen videos because I've had friends who tell me they don't get to see that view And whether it's straight behind the pitch or from the catchers aspect so I kind of bring you know what we go through on a daily basis and Kind of what it inside of like what a pitch movement looks like You know my phone has hundreds of videos of myself so I film almost every bullpen I throw it's something I think it's cool. So that's why I post a lot of it. Awesome. Where does it handle so everybody can follow along? I know they've been on the screen the entire time. It's very simple out for the plug at Lucas linky. There you go on everything And Lucas, thank you so much for your time, brother. I appreciate you having me


Welcome to a weekend of my life in Dallas. I'm very excited because I love my weekends in Dallas If you know anything about me, they're really just like the prime time of my life But I have been gone for the past three weekends, so I'm so excited to be home if you guys are new here Be sure to subscribe. I also don't really film my weekends, but we are this weekend. It's gonna be a good one It's about 93 degrees outside right now, so I'm already dining and it's gonna be shipment in from at Princess Polly So I'm gonna give you guys a little haul. Thank you to Princess Polly for sponsoring this portion of today's video We of course have a discount code it can be 24 20% off site-wide The best thing about Princess Polly is it ships within the US. So shipping is so fast They have free express shipping which is three to four days on orders over $50. They also offer after-pay and shop pay to all customers I love shop pay. So anyways, I'm gonna show you guys the pieces that I got. I am obsessed I'm already wearing one of the dresses. I live in their dresses in the summer in Texas It is so hot as it is in a lot of other places But it is kind of miserable. So I live in dresses all summer. So from like literally this weekend on into October I wear dresses non-stop and Princess Polly is my go-to. So I will have everything linked below. You guys can shop it Thank you to Princess Polly for sponsoring today's video. Okay, and the shopping And let's get started with the haul have this blue little romper obviously my chest is like kind of out You can position it like different ways Really light and cute. I also like really I honestly just like really like the ruffles on this I think it's super cute like I would honestly wear this and you and put like a tank top over this or like a Cropped jacket or something. I just think it's so cute. All right I have a screen side ignore everything going on downstairs I have the screens that actually worded my last vlog It is so comfy at first was like I don't know how I feel about it And then I decided I actually love it put some heels on I mean, it's literally the most comfy set. It feels like you're wearing pajamas out Which is obviously like always what I want my vibe to be I love this set I have this dress which I love my cousin just said it's giving very bright winning housewife vibes Which I completely agree. I just think it's so cute in Texas summers I live in dresses like you have no other option And this is so cute. Look I'm so obsessed with this dress. Okay. This pink dress is Oh my god, it's so fabulous. It's so me Like oh my god. I'm obsessed with this. I mean I might be wearing this today It is so cute. I just love Anything pink and I love dresses. So it's perfect. This set is fabulous. Um, I love The top again, I love matching sets really great for summer like this is really The perfect thing to wear. It's pretty lightweight. I'm just so cute. You can really dress it up I think it's adorable. All right, this dress is the same dress as before But it's black.  I Just like love it. There's a little bit of lace detailing.  It has to put the right material and I trust this I'm feeling really really good. I'm trying to do this so you can see it's tied. It's hard when it's just me But yeah, this is so cute even if you were to wear it like you could wear it with heels, okay Or you can wear with boots Sneakers, I mean you can really wear this so many different ways. It's so cute. Listen up guys This is the matching set of the century a little green at like plethora moment So cute for summer can knock it over it. Very comfortable. I mean I'm obsessed All right, this tank top is the best tank top ever because it cuts off like I feel like Especially with white tank tops. I'm always worried about like sweating off self-tainer. I'm really going at this from a summer look I honestly might wear this out tomorrow night, but This is just The best tank top ever like you can't even imagine a better tank top and I think it's even really cute with a skirt It's literally perfect like oh my god. I might I think I might actually wear this tonight I was gonna wear a dress, but I might go with the tank top. It's so perfect. So cute. I love the little knot here So perfect guys ignore the skirt I'm just like trying things on right now. This top is also so cute like this with jeans like this with jeans And even like a little bit of a heel. I just think it is so Cute like I love this we love a chocolate brown moment guys Got this bathing suit really cute. Don't feel like trying it on right now, but love it's so easy Also, it's perfect for like when I go on my rooftop and try to tan. It's so cute also my favorite color I mean we love this first task of the weekend that I need to do is my closet is a mess as always But also I swear to God one day it was cold and the next it was 90 degrees. No literally so There was no time in between so I'm gonna move all of my Coats and sweaters and stuff into my other closet So I can have my closet room ready for this summer like as you can see I'm not gonna be wearing these for another six months So all of this stuff is gonna go into the closet into my bedroom and then the rest of it Will just be summer. I have my cowboy boots still that I unpacked from stagecoach These are just four of I think eight pairs of this boy. These are my newest ones I got them for stagecoach like they're so cute right guys. We love So I'm gonna get this all Together and I'm gonna feel like a new human being Just did some laundry. Thanks to Alyssa cousin Alyssa is here Heat it up some lunch and we're gonna go to HG supplies happy hour It is the best happy hour does and you know what we're gonna take you through an HG supply happy hour cocoa you just look So cute you look way cuter in person.  Oh My god She's really feeling herself today this drink guys They got rid sadly of the smash drink at HG supply with tequila. So anyways, this is the vodka one They're all vodka besides the one they got rid of cucumber smash. So good five dollars, right? I had five dollars. Cheers Unreal so good Now I got a little frozen mule Their mules here by the way of the best in Dallas They're my favorite in Dallas and a little frozen mule action. Love that right guys I'm back home, and I just had a little outfit change and I actually Love my outfit. I have this blazer on from Zara My new favorite tank top from princess Polly The pants are the Okine and the shoes are princess Polly, but I think this look is so cute Like it's hot out But I'm going to dinner at honor bar, and it like kind of gets cold in there These pants are 100% cotton so I can always wear them in the summer. It's not a problem at all Obviously the tank top I feel good about I just think like this outfit is so cute like I love it I'm gonna be wearing these shoes all the time by the way Like I think these are gonna be like my new go-to summer heel Literally the cutest thing ever. I'm gonna make a snack, and then we're heading over to Highland Park Village soon I also added these braids to my hair, and I realize it have clear elastics, but I kind of like the little black Little black hair ties so I'm kind of into look Just got a bunch of packages in I'm about to leave for dinner Got this outfit because I'm going to a year of ours finish like brand workout class in the morning Which I normally I actually I do not work out on weekends, but I'm doing this because I love both brands And I'm you know my Dallas week is especially like I do The same things on purpose because of the things that I want to do there's other things to do I know that but like I don't want to do them, and I see the same people I really don't break my routine much Oh my god, I got so many cute things I don't like to break my routine much, but that's how much I how much I love them.  I forgot year of ours came out with a little knit line year of ours and it's so me I've been waiting for this one. I Probably should have gotten a small on it. This is a medium And if my workout tomorrow I have this that and I love it. It's so flattering in a different color So cute Love these I'm literally gonna die in the heat tomorrow, but I'll be fine Then I got two more boxes of cookie dough. I think oh my god salted chocolate chip cookie dough and They're based out of Texas. They're in Austin hot take cookie dough made with organic ingredients salted chocolate chip cookie dough honestly and It's made by sisters. I'm back from dinner guys So rare 10 15 and I'm back home on a Friday night Feeling really good about it get in bed put on some pajamas Face something and read a book, but look at what just came in the mail my final samples This is the last piece that we have for our June at Bremening housewife drop Which is by far my favorite one yet. I shoot it on Tuesday. So I love it. I changed the color of these I did go back and forth. I mean it's like the perfect color a little coosy. I mean I just I Love it so much. All right. This is my vibe right now I have my red light on my Kindle. I didn't bring my water up. Whatever. I'm gonna just let it be And I'm just gonna read I've been really it's been taking me a while to get through Emily Henry's no book I normally read a book in like two or three days And I'm on like day four or five. I'm and I think I'm at like 65% So I'm gonna try to finish it by tomorrow. We'll see Fitz has already knocked out. Oh, you're awake, but Do you want to come up to the bed? Oh my gosh, it's like you can speak English Okay, love you Just made myself some breakfast. I have avocado toast and iced coffee I'm gonna keep ice rolling and have some breakfast. All right y'all. It's giving gender reveal I'm about to head out. I need to get new sneakers I decided this morning that I'm gonna go back and do a couch to 5k the app that I did During quarantine that made me a runner.  Maybe I'll stop at the end here But anyways, this set is your of ours So cute like I love it. I need white sneakers, but these are also old They have no support for my other sneakers that I wear every day I like didn't have disappeared from the closet. What's up? My bag is once yoga. I'm going to work out with your bars in finish. I'm really excited I haven't met Jenna who is the founder of finish, but she's also coming to that. I have a Monday Whatever anyways, I'm excited to meet her Eleanor who I adore who's the founder of your bars. It's sadly not there But I'm excited. It's gonna be like a rooftop workout. So we're gonna head out See you to get going Actually got delivered I ordered one in the last week of my life log wasn't supposed to come until Monday So target shipping was really fast. I can't carry that so my dad's gonna come over. I think and they're gonna bring it up I have a lot of packages right now So a lot of stuff. Okay, the workout was so fun. The event was so fun.  I already put this away I use their lip balm like all the time the CBD lip therapy. It's one of my favorites I have one in my pink bag like the actual full size right now So I'm gonna keep that on stairs and have it on hand and then this cool down spray, which is so great for me I just used it At my face gets so red when I work out. So it makes my skin look a lot more like normal It's cooling hydrating and energizing Very convenient. I keep it in my car and I actually just start using it regularly. What a good product. I love this so much I think I have about an hour 15 until Front a friend maybe friends are coming over and then we're going out and doing stuff today I think we're day drinking so I need to get my life together I can't decide if I'm gonna watch me here now or tonight for me Well, I feel like now you know, it's gonna be hot out. It's probably like should I just put in a bun or Will I regret that? I don't know. I'm gonna figure out my outfit first I kind of feel like I need to just like it back though my keys I got this little keychain gawney key chain at the Palm Springs outlets Like it's chocolate brown you guys probably saw it in my last LA vlog, but like so cute I love it. All right, this is what I'm wearing today It is the blacks that I got from Princess Polly and wear Converse my small black ones yoga bag My hair is drying I'm probably gonna throw it up in a bun or something because it's just gonna be too hot And it's not actually siled so and then I'll probably grab sunglasses out of my car on the way out But we're going day drinking. I have no idea what we're going. I'm gonna vlog on my phone for the rest of the day My hair just drastically needs to dry. I'm already really fast. I ended up my tiktok. I'm feeling good I'm also so excited to actually hang out with friends this weekend in Dallas.  All right I'm on the regimen right now. I'm currently walking to meet up with Tessa Moren. We're gonna get lunch I think it's standard service. It's so good I'm gonna get a drink and then start day drinking. We don't know our actual plans Also for my Dallas girls, by the way, that's gonna be a Starbucks That is really exciting and I think that's probably why the merchant over here Clothes and clothes are moving locations Happened out of nowhere. I just came back and saw it but Starbucks We need more local coffee shops. So like I want one over here one that isn't long on it, you know That's standard service Naomi my favorite bartender from Lila's. She sent these over. She's here right now So exciting Morning guys. Happy Sunday. I just had juice when delivered. I got a smoothie and then I got a green juice I'm gonna watch some YouTube videos. I think drink my water. I'm gonna face time Dom Just have a very chill Sunday Happy Sunday guys. I woke up this morning. I just kind of hung out and then I of course Took an obligatory three hour nap on Sundays It doesn't matter doesn't matter if I get like 12 hours of sleep But before I have to take a nap on Sunday. I'm just so tired. Anyways, I had a new chair yesterday that came in This room isn't situated yet. It's not done, but I did get this chair from Target $300 I really wanted a round chair and I actually really like it with the space again There needs to be like couches and stuff. I mean rugs and like that needs to move up and it's gonna be better But yeah, we have that going for us, which is good. Anyways, I like the chair a lot You guys have good like rug rugs. Let me know what you think I Picking out a rug is obviously my least air part I'm also thinking about getting like cool like lights for the walls to incorporate like pink Like maybe even behind there, but it's kind of weird with the light switch I guess I guess I could do it there too. I don't know. I've been seeing it a lot on Instagram So I think they'll potentially be cool coconut's bed has got to move But yeah, I'm feeling good about this. I do need new stuff for the coffee table So if you guys have good Obviously not those bags if you guys have good stuff Let me know I'm over this setup and I do need something else But I did have like books and that was the one thing that fits chewed up He's not even chewed up shoes anything like that ever but he did chew up coffee table books one time And those were extra tips that was annoying anyways coconut is looking so cute She's been so cuddly today so sweet Does anyone else's dog always bring their food up to the couch or just anywhere like she'll bring it to my bed. It's it's sick All right, my soup is not looking beautiful right now because I've been eating it and working I had to get some stuff done. I'm having an event for the okai like an influence for it tomorrow night So I've been getting that stuff done. I've been going over my calendar. It's just kind of giving me anxiety Pretty soon.  This soup is so good. I just use bone broth Celery carrots onions potatoes. It's the best second time I made it this week. It's incredible All right quite a mess, but it's so nice that I made this on a Sunday So I can have it and it's just such a good go-to meal again What a mess, but the best you've ever bone broth. I mean it just it's really good for you, too Obviously, but I it's so easy. All right y'all it is time for bed my red lights on I have my I'm ready to get into bed and read. I just self-tanned. So I'm just ready for the week But I hope you guys enjoyed this vlog. I will have everything from Princess Polly linked below Many guys can check it out. Don't forget to have a discount code, but I love you guys so much and I'll talk to you tomorrow Bye I know a lot of people like I don't want to be on dating apps Okay, that's fine My one advice if you don't want to be on dating apps is go to places where a future partner would be for you So if you want to date somebody that's like into beer because you like breweries then go hang out at breweries on the Weekends if you want to date somebody who likes books because you like to read then go to bookstores


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here today I bring you another destiny top 5 and today we have top 5 freakout reactions of the week and damn this one is a loud episode So you may just want to turn on that volume just a little bit But before we get into the video people I every single month I give away a fully customizable controller for either Xbox or PlayStation sent anywhere in the world So being with a chance of winning it simply drop a like on this video Only they comment down below and follow the gleam link linked at the top of the video description fast simple and legit guys Hope you enjoyed the video and hopefully I will see you on that next one My god, oh, I think my heart just gave out. Oh my god Ever was the last man standing. Thank you. Oh my god. No, they need it. Are they aren't she flag That's tasty Just get close to me.  I'm fs4.