Okay welcome back. Today we're going to be continuing with our shell tutorials. We're going to be looking at awk today to split apart a file based on matches, on some strings you give it. So real quick I've got a file called pages.txt here and you can see I have a line that says page one and then it has a few lines then page two and a few lines and we're going to go page three and a few lines. In fact I'm going to real quick change this. This is a line. I'll change that back in a moment to show you why I have that there. But real quick this is how the command is going to work. We're going to use the awk command which is going to be on pretty much every system. If not it's very easy to get. In fact I think it's at least some version of it's built into a busy box. So even if you're running on a router you should be able to do this. But what we're going to do here is we are going to say awk and then have something inside these quotation marks which we'll get to in a minute and the name of the file that we're going to be searching through. Going back to here I got two forward slashes. In between them I'm going to give the string that I want to split. Every time I find a match of that it's going to split it into a new file. And I'm going to say page because each page has a line at the beginning. It says the word page in it. Next we're going to inside curly braces say n plus plus. This is going to be a variable that is going to every time it finds a match it's going to add one to that number. That allows us to number the output files which we're about to create here. So inside another set of curly braces and I'm going to try to put all this in a link in the description. I'm going to say print. So printing the matches that it finds as it splits it out and then we're going to redirect that into a file. And now if we just gave it a file name like output.txt it would save the first page and then override that with the second page and then override that with third page so forth and so on. So what we're going to actually do is use that variable we created. And so we're just going to throw the other there. So now it's going to find the first page the first match and the lines that go with that and put it in a file called output one dot text. Then it's going to find the second match and put all those lines in the file called output two dot text. So forth and so on. It's going to add and add and add to that. So let's go ahead and write that hit enter. If I wrote everything right. No errors. Let's list out our files now and as you can see we have our original file called pages dot text but we have output one output two output three text. So let's go ahead and cat each one of those out output one has everything page one output two has everything from page two and output three has everything from page three. Let's go back in. Let's let's remove all those files. Even if we didn't we would override the next time we ran that let's go ahead and remove them just to clear things up. So now we just have our pages dot text. Let's go into that and change this part back to say page. This will be a problem. So we're going to run our command again. But this time instead of getting three output files we have four and the first one here just has the line page one where page two output two has the lines for it. And that's because it's looking for a match of page which is on this line. So that's problematic. So you need to think as a programmer what is really going to be unique about the lines that I want. So what you could do is you could let's go ahead and remove all our output files again go back into our don't need to go back into but we'll go back to our command and instead of page I'm going to put a little carrot symbol page and that's seeing that means find any line that begins with the word page. We'll go ahead and enter if we list out now. Now you can see we have output one output two output three just as we did the first time and they do display properly. Let's go ahead and remove all those and change our initial file again. And this time add here page of a line whatever. So giving a line that begins with page that isn't a new page. Let's go ahead and run our awk command again and as you might have figured out we have that same problem where it's going to be splitting at that line because that's a line that begins with the word page. So I can count out this page and it doesn't get all the lines and if I go to output two it starts in the middle of page one. So how can we fix this again we need to think as much as we can as precise as we can the the um what's as unique as possible as we can for our new pages. So what we could do let's go ahead again remove our output files and go back to our awk command what we could do is this should work and now we list and you can see that we have our output files and if I cat those out output one looks correct output two output three. So what I'm saying there is look for any line that begins with the word page space and the number sign. You still might have a problem if that appears somewhere in your text but at that point you've pretty much run out of options and it just comes down to proper formatting of your file. So that's something to think about as well when you're creating documents you want to format them in a way that makes sense. But in this particular case this is the best option we can come up with but again as a programmer you need to think if you if you're one creating document definitely think about how it's formatted. Put make you know page identifiers any other thing that's unique titles or whatnot make them unique in some way that is going to be different than other parts of the document. If you're working with just text that you've pulled out of somewhere you got to figure out what works best for your your option. I guess at this point you could say you could say page space number and a numeric number but that might show up in the text too why would they have a number symbol there if the next thing isn't a number. You could also limit maybe search for a you know number of words in the line if there's more than than two you know more than one space in that first line then you can ignore that as well but that's getting more complex than what we're talking about in this tutorial. I hope you did find this useful again I'll try to remember put a link in the description to the examples oh I want to give you another example that I'll put in the description let's go ahead and read remove our outputs but this is an actual text file that was generated based on file names I forget what it was for it was a long time ago this is just in my notes but I'm going to go ahead and download this from Payspin and again this will be in the the notes in the description of this video. I was going to download this file and I named it original.list and there you go we have this file let's go into it and it has a title for each section and each section has a different title and they all have semi colons in them or not semi colons colons in them and then a list of file names and again I so long ago that I generated this list I'm assuming this number of pages in the file and you can see we just have a few different sections there's a really long section here and then another section so we have at least three sections here final no an exam let's go ahead and see if we can split these up again using that same awk command and instead of page we know that in this particular file which is unique about each of those lines because they have different titles is that they have a colon in them so let's go ahead and run that list out we have oh I did the wrong file let's go ahead and remove our output I'm like that didn't work right it's because I was looking at my pages file which doesn't have any colons original list now we have three outputs one with each one with its own section in it so there's that final section that would be the no section maybe short for number and three again these these tutorials I'm doing now are tutorials I've been wanting to do for a while and they've been in my notes so I don't even remember the original but this is an actual example where I use this command to divide things up for some sort of use anyway I think you're watching again please visit filmsbychrist.com that's Chris the K there should be a link in the description also link to my Patreon page patreon.com forward slash melix 1000 I appreciate your support you can also support support me uh through PayPal just go to filmsbychrist.com again link in the description go to the support section for both those links and as always I hope that you have a great day


Matthew Monaghan here with Kiwi Connect, and I'm here with Al Bramley at the New Frontiers 2015 Festival. And Al would love to get an introduction from you. Tell us a bit about who you are and what you're up to. Sure. I'm the CEO of a new entity that's been established between the New Zealand Department of Conservation and Philanthropic Trust, which is the next foundation. And we've been established to try and crack some of New Zealand's big pest control problems so that we've got a new way of working in the future that's much more sustainable than how we do it now. Great. And can you frame for us this really big issue of pest control and pest problems in New Zealand and why it's so important? Sure. So in most places in the world, if you stop cutting down your habitat and you stop hunting the things that are important, ecosystems recover. But in New Zealand, that's not the case. In New Zealand, we have a number of invasive species that arrived very late because we're late to be discovered, and those invasive species are still gnawing away at our native biodiversity and heading them towards extinction. So we don't have the luxury of doing nothing. We have to go after them if we're to maintain our diversity. And so earlier today we heard from Lou Sanson at the Department of Conservation and it really became clear in that discussion, I think to many of us, that this pest control problem is one of the primary issues and challenges that we face as it relates to conservation in New Zealand. And so curious if you can talk a bit about where are we at in terms of solving it, addressing it, and since you've spent so much time thinking about this, your point of view on what the possible solutions that are. So at the moment, our traditional model of pest control is around suppression. So we knock them down to low levels and then we come back in a year's time or two years time and knock them down again. And the majority of our work at the moment relies on aerial toxins to do that. And apart from that, we also do a lot of ground base trapping, but that never can reach usually very deep into the back country and it's very labor intensive. So if we're going to find sustainable solutions for the future, we need to come up with another way. Now in New Zealand, we've managed to clear a number of our offshore islands of pests completely. We've taken them off, removed them, and we've been able to defend them from re-invasion. We now do very large islands. We've done islands up to 11,000 hectares in size. What I want to do and what my team want to do is work out ways of bringing the zero predator environment to New Zealand mainland. And we're going to start with Peninsula's. But at the moment, we're charged with finding the new tools and techniques that will enable us to do that. At the moment, the concept's really simple. We want to put some form of barrier on through the landscape, across a peninsula, but not a physical fence. And behind that barrier, we will remove the key predators, which are rat, stoats, and possums, and then maintain them at zero density through clever detection. But there's a number of technological hurdles that we need to solve to crack that problem. Can you talk about maybe a couple of the key technological hurdles that we don't have a solution for yet and inviting anyone watching this video to think about? So the big one is detection. At the moment, we do have technology's community willing that we can remove predators. We probably need better technologies, but we've got some. We even can build barriers that look like they don't leak that much. There's lots of room for improvement in those, but they work kind of okay. But the big gap in the tool set is if a rat arrives tomorrow on a peninsula that's large, how do we find it fast enough before it builds a big population and undoes all the good that we've managed to achieve? So detection in a big landscape of an invader is our key problem. So we essentially detect the pests, we trap and remove the pests, and if any get through the barriers, we create barriers so that they can't penetrate certain areas. We've done pretty well at the barriers and we've done pretty well and we have some ideas of how we can really do the trapping and removal, but the detection and the early detection, especially when there's a small population set, that's the key area that we need to focus on. How much exploration has gone into sensor technology, drone technology, radio frequency, maybe at the trap level, these types, how sophisticated are we talking about the current experimentation? So it'd be fair to say we've been thinking about it for maybe a year. And at the moment we have a little bit of technology that involves linking up sensors using UHF technology and sending to satellite. But to be honest, that's okay, but we're convinced there'll be better systems. Systems that may rely on, I don't know, DNA technology to help us identify what's turned up in a catchment so that we can just sample the water around the coast edge or maybe some form of imaging that helps us realize what's arrived. The less infrastructure we put on the ground or have to put on the ground, the better because you've got to maintain it. So ideally we would have a system that might be eerily based or you could pulse in there at whatever frequency you need so the population doesn't get a chance to explode. And so one of the themes that was discussed today is just how, while there are specific characteristics of this problem that are unique in New Zealand, it's really a global problem, a global issue at many levels and I'm curious just any reflections on the collaboration with other nations, communities and so forth globally and what you see as a potential role for New Zealand in that as well as what you hope to learn from others. Sure, at the moment it'd be fair to say that New Zealand has a bit of a reputation in how to remove invasive soft islands. That's something that we do export but it'd be fair to say we haven't developed the technologies to do it on our mainland. If we can say, for example, find out ways of detecting and deterring rats, then those are going to be very exportable technologies. I mean food security is often related to rat or rodent abundance. So although we're seeking the solutions for conservation and for biodiversity gain, we know that there'll be quite transferable technologies to a lot of other things that need to get on top of rat. And one thing you mentioned to me just earlier in conversation is just how at this particular juncture in New Zealand's time in history, there's an invitation for partnerships and it sounds like your organization is established based on a multi-party partnership and alliance and I'm just curious any reflections on that as it relates to public and private sector and philanthropic sector and so forth. So it's quite a unique time I think in New Zealand's history. Conservation used to be done over there and it was a nice to have. But I think increasingly we've realized and the world's realizing that biodiversity is essential for our well-being, whether it be for our recreational enjoyment or whether it be for clean water or carbon sequestration, it's underpinning. There's a realization going on, it's underpinning our existence. Now the trouble is that in order for us to be economically, socially and culturally wealthy, we've got to look after those places. And so the Department of Conservation in New Zealand is reaching out to New Zealand and the world to say this problem is big. We want to maintain these amazing assets but we need help because this is a big problem. And so we're in a position where we're reaching out to the world saying have you got any good ideas for helping us solve our problems? We would love if they become your problems and I'm sure they'll be spinoffs. So yep, we're very keen to hear from people that have ideas or energy or time who would like to help us crack those problems. And so how if someone has energy or time or resources and they want to plug in on this, how do they do that? Okay, so we've just formed a new entity only a fortnight ago. So this is brand new but they'll be welcome to contact me directly. So at the moment my email address is alatzip.org.nz So it's pretty simple, as I say that again, alatzip.org.nz Yep, ZIP, yep. Yeah sorry, that's the English accent. And yeah, we'll have a website up in the not too distant future and also if you go on the Next Foundation website, you'll see a link to us talking about the type of problems we're working on. Anything else you would like to share? Just having been here today with you guys, it feels like a really special opportunity to link up with a bunch of people that are future fagers to very open and who also have a really positive outlook. So we appreciate that. Thank you for being here. Thanks for your time. Cheers.


Hello and welcome to the session. Today I'll help you with the following question. The question says, find the height of the cylinder whose volume is 1.54 meter cube and diameter of the base is 140 centimeters. Let's recall the volume of cylinder which is equal to pi r square h where r is the radius of cylinder and h is the height of cylinder. This is the key idea for this question. Now let's see the solution. We are given the volume of cylinder is equal to 1.54 meter cube and diameter of base is equal to 140 centimeters. Now the diameter is given in centimeters and the volume is given in meters. So first let's convert the diameter in meters. So to convert 140 centimeters into meters we divide 140 by 100 this becomes equal to 1.4 meters. So we have diameter of base is equal to 1.4 meters that is radius of base r is equal to 1.4 upon 2 which is equal to 0.7 meters. So we have radius r is equal to 0.7 meters. We know the formula volume of cylinder is equal to pi r square h. Now we shall substitute the values for the volume and the radius r to find the value of the height. We have the volume of cylinder is 1.54 meter cube. So this implies 1.54 is equal to now the value for pi is 22 upon 7 multiplied by the value for r is 0.7 meters. So 0.7 whole square multiplied by h this implies height h is equal to 1.54 multiplied by 7 whole upon 22 multiplied by 0.7 multiplied by 0.7. Now 7.1 times is 0.7 this is equal to 1.54 upon 22 multiplied by 0.1 multiplied by 0.7 which becomes equal to 1.54 upon 1.54. This 1.54 is cancelled with this 1.54 and so this becomes equal to 1. As we get h is equal to 1. So we have height of cylinder is equal to 1 meter. So final answer is 1 meter. So hope you enjoyed the session. Have a good day.


the development of island construction concrete made from seawater coral aggregate concrete, SCAC, can be used as a basis for the development and utilization of island resources. By complying with the principle of using local materials, SCAC can be configured to meet the requirements of island and reef engineering construction, reducing the time and cost of construction. Quasi-static and dynamic mechanical tests were conducted on SCAC with varying limestone powder contents, revealing that the addition of limestone powder improved both the static and dynamic mechanical properties of SCAC. Furthermore, the dynamic tensile strength of SCAC increased with increasing limestone powder content, while the maximum strain value of SCAC increased with increasing strain rate grade. This article was authored by Wanchi, Lily Jiang, Mingzhu, and others.


Hey, it's me Bex again. Here I am. In case you forgot what I look like. I'm gonna tell you who I picked for the happy contest and I had a really hard time with it because I really liked so many of the entries, so I finally came to a decision at long last and the sunshine, I know it was the right decision and it is the artist goes by the handle It's Page Ring. Look at that piece of work. So pretty. So this contest introduced me to Page's work. She's from Toronto, and I just think her process looks so free and fun, and that's why I picked her. Congrats, Page! So thanks everybody for all your submissions.  We're always looking for ways to give away art residence, so stay tuned and stay happy.


10-4, could you be en route to Bob Amos Overlook, have Officer Trenton out on a traffic stop with a wanted subject, needs backup. This morning, local law enforcement agencies came together to make a dream come true for six-year-old Trenton Morris, whose dream is to one day become a police officer. However, doctors say Trenton is slowly losing his vision, something they discovered three years ago. When he was little, we noticed that one of his eyes was kind of turning a little bit. When I took him to the eye doctor, they told me that he was legally blind, and it was just a huge shock. I couldn't believe that he really couldn't see. When police officers in Pikeville learned of Trenton's wish to become an officer, they started working to make his wish come true. This morning, Pikeville Police Chief Phillip Reed swore Officer Trenton in as the newest addition to the Pikeville Police Department. And Kristie Morris said today's experience was a memory that her son will carry with him the rest of his life. Just in case that he does blind, or his vision gets worse, and he can't do this when he gets older, at least he has memories of, he was a real cop for one day, you know, that will stick with him for the rest of his life. The highlight of Officer Trenton Morris' day came when the driver of the vehicle he pulled over, who was actually Sheriff Rodney Scott, had a warrant and had to be arrested. And all the officers and troopers who worked with Officer Trenton today said that it was a blessing to have been able to participate.  But Trenton's mother said the most emotional moment for her and Trenton's family who were listening to the scanner was when he called for backup and they came. Every time he's in his little police dodge charger, you know, he always is chasing a bad guy and he'll get on his CB and he's like, I need backup, I need backup. So that's what was going through my mind whenever I heard those sirens and I seen him coming up the hill, I thought, that's what he's always wanted, you know, he always calls for backup and this time he got it. 10-4 copy all units 97, Officer Trenton standing by, your backup has arrived. Reporting in Pikeville for EKB News, I'm Shannon Deskins.


In the e-lecture, lexical insertion, we define the argument structure of verbs in terms of their thematic defaults using thematic grids. For example, for a verb like C, we define its two noun phrase arguments as agent, the subject, and as theme, the object. An intransitive verb like sleep would even be simpler. Here the only argument, the noun phrase as in John is sleeping, would receive or would be associated with the thematic role agent. But what about sentences such as this tent sleeps four, meaning four people, or a sentence like this bed sleeps well. Well obviously here the two subjects, this tent and this bed are no longer agents. Now what about these sentences with their non-agentive subjects? Are they exceptions or do they follow some general principles of subject selection in present day English? Well this e-lecture makes an attempt to find out what is going on in such sentences. To solve this issue, we will define the central syntactic properties of the sentences involved first. In fact, three groups of sentences can be defined. The first can be referred to as general sentences with non-agentive subjects. Look at the two sentences that are the two examples that involve transitive verbs here. Add is a transitive verb, the author added a chapter to the book, and break is a transitive verb as in my friend broke the window with a hammer. Well in fact, in looking at the number of the arguments, the first sentence involves two arguments, the author and a chapter, the author added a chapter to the book is optional. And in the second case we have my friend, the window, and here with a hammer serves as an instrument. Both sentences involve subjects whose thematic role is defined as that of an agent. However interestingly, the other subjects can also serve as subjects. Now let's erase my arguments here and let's transform the sentences. For example, we could turn the book into a non-agentive subject. Let's erase two, we don't need that anymore and then we get the book added a chapter. Or we can use the hammer as the instrumental subject. We don't need the preposition anymore and we will get a hammer broke the window. Thus in principle it is possible in present day English to use any argument of a verb as its alternative subject. Of course not any verb exhibits this sort of subject selection hierarchy. Here the two verbs involved are causative verbs, add and break are causative verbs. That is verbs that indicate their subject, that their subject causes someone or something else to do or to be something or that cause a general change in state. Interestingly, this freedom of subject selection is impossible in other languages. Let's take German as an example. Now in German this sentence would come out as something like, in the book, in diesem Buch, ein Kapitel wurde hinzugefügt. Or in the second case we would get something like, with a hammer, mit einem Hammer kann das Fenster oder wurde das Fenster zerbrochen. Here then add and break in German would always require an agentive subject. So in both cases the German equivalent would be prepositional phrases. So that's quite interesting that some languages do allow these non-agentive subjects, for example English and others don't. Here is a second group of sentences that is quite remarkable as far as non-agentive subjects are concerned, the so-called middle constructions. Now middle constructions are generally characterized as generic sentences, so sentences with generic statements, with an obligatory adverbial. Well, here is the adverbial well and easily. Middle constructions can be defined by the following properties. They cannot relate to particular events, so this is certainly not possible. You cannot say something like, yesterday this chair sat well. They cannot be used as vocatives. So something like, sit well chair or bribe easily bureaucrats, utterances like these are impossible. They cannot be used in the progressive aspect. The chair is sitting very well is impossible just like bureaucrats are bribing easily is impossible. And finally they cannot be passivized. Well, this is quite obvious because the verbs have no object. So this chair is sat well is impossible is sat well by anyone doesn't work. Other languages like German again cannot realize these utterances without non-agentive subjects. But they would use reflexive constructions such as, dieser Stuhl sitzt sich gut. Well, that's a little bit strange. In other constructions you have something like, dieser Wein trinkt sich gut, dieses Auto fährt sich gut. This car drives well, this wine drinks well, so here it works. Well, and even in English, these constructions are especially productive in bureaucracy situations, you might want to say. For example, these letters transpose easily, messages transmit rapidly and so on and so forth. Well, middle constructions with these obligatory adverbials can be contrasted with agative constructions. Sometimes also referred to as accusative or absolutive constructions. They are used intransitively, so here melt is an intransitive verb and so is flush. And already you can see they can be used in the progressive form. So, all these utterances are used intransitively but they have a transitive counterpart. For example, the ice is melting. Well, the transitive counterpart, the ergative counterpart is something like this sun or anything else is melting the ice. And in the toilets are flushing, the ergative counterpart could be something like someone is flushing the toilets. In languages other than English, these ergative constructions are often realized as passives or they involve different verbs, which may even be the case in English. For example, in English we have the nice contrast between fall and fell. Someone is felling a tree, the trees are falling or the tree is falling. Well, ergatives can be contrasted with middles as I've already said. For example, they now can relate to particular events. For example, something like yesterday the ice was melting. They may be used as vocative constructions, something like sink, boat, the boat is sinking or open door, the door is opening. Well, this is a little bit bad, we cannot say melt ice. And as I've already said, they may occur in the progressive aspect. The boat is sinking, the ice was melting and so on and so forth. The passive option does not apply, so that's why this box has been crossed out here. Because there are intransitive verbs here, melt and flush and intransitive verbs cannot be passivized. Now let's summarize our observations. We have three groups of sentences with non-agentive subjects in present day English. Sentences with causative verbs, middle constructions and ergative constructions. Even though the principles of using these non-agentive constructions or non-agentive subjects in these cases are well defined, we have not mentioned yet why there is this relatively high degree of freedom of subject choice in present day English and not in other languages. The explanation which is based on historical insights, for example on the historical development of English from old English until the present day on the one hand. And on the results of language comparison on the other is simple. The primary factor that has led to this freedom of subject selection, that is the choice of non-agentive subjects and to the wide range of semantic interpretations of subjects in present day English, this freedom of choice is due to the weakening of the case system from originally five cases in old English to just two cases in present day English.


Distinguished guests, participants, delegates, ladies and gentlemen, it's delight, galore, and there is a humble sense of achievement with the Sartla Secretary, with more staff. And in a way, we will take a leap towards the institutionalization of Sartla. We also had several global alliances. We had alliance with UNDP, with UNAIDS, with UNSCAP. We had collaboration with IDLO International Development Law Organization based out of Rome. We went ahead with several workshops, studies, seminars, roundtables, producing several research reports, so on and so forth. And even with ADB, we had made a couple of consulting projects at the moment. So this made us go beyond the domain of Sartre region, or the walls of Sartre region. We became truly a global organization. Becoming a global organization, apart from a regional organization, did not vouch for that. We tied up with one of our regional ethics bodies, SAIWAK, South Asian Initiative, to involve us against children. Dr. Rintian Chopu, the Director General of SAIWAK, is present here, and I must commend his efforts in bringing the issues connected with children and women to the limelight in the Sartre region. I think now close my address because there is limitation of time. And in any case, never ever, anybody from the audience has ever sort of objected or protested against the short speech. But before I close my address, I would like to give a little piece of advice to all the young lawyers sitting here, including some law students, which is that you must watch a Hollywood movie called 12 Years a Slave. It's a beautiful movie which is based on an incredible true story of a man's struggle for liberty, freedom, and survival.  The righteous path may be long, may have some hardships, but that eventually takes you to the most desirable destination.  I wish you at the end of two days of amazing deliberations, discussions, and confessions. Thank you very much, Mr. Bhatia. Thank you much for your wishes. And of course for the brief overview on those great endeavors and of course for those words of wisdom and the spirit that you wish to pass on. Thank you very much once again. Ladies and gentlemen, we've been witness that over the years the region has seen an upsurge in cases of, cases related to women, relating to violence, and then there are other, those extended violence. However these arise in meaningful initiatives and participation has also been comparatively encouraging in parallel to that, though inadequate if I may add it here. And it's a pleasure, rather an honour for us today that we are launching one such endeavor today. It's my pleasure, ladies and gentlemen. I wish you at national conscience and values in their respective countries. Geography has made us neighbors and we must live in harmony bound by the values of the private rights and the public justice. Thus the relevance and the need for the Saab law are most imperative and I respectfully and earnestly wish that the Saab law continue to intensify its global efforts, noble efforts with our individual countries within the region and assume the globalist world with our friends and organisations like ADB, Saab, UNDP and other great organisations. Saab law continues and its conference has become a sacred forum for the honourable justice and the legal communities of the region to share the profound wisdom, creating a repository of knowledge that celebrates our glorious past and remind us of our commitment to future in words, deeds and spirit. Let me elaborate a bit on this by bringing up matters that concern most of us. For instance, almost all the countries of South Asia have parted right in their respective prostitutions. However, South Asia is yet to establish a common defence system for preventing or redressing the abuse of our rights. Whereas countries in Europe, America and Africa have evolved common institutional defence mechanism at the Saab or Saab law level, we will hesitate to seriously discuss the desirability and possibility of bringing out the regional human rights Saab law, let alone the Human Rights Commission or the Tribunal. The establishment of common alternative dissolution forum for South Asia is still on. Frankly speaking, we do not have strong interface between law and politics. A common legal design resonating to human rights was created to usher in overall economic, social and political integration in the Saab region. South Asia is a region where people are bound by common socio-economic, cultural and educational ties. The unity of this decade, all of us bear freedom and dignity. However, the institutions created for promoting the system and promoting South Asia can play a catalytic role in addressing the challenge to freedom and democracy, and is here oscillating to newer heights. To my mind, the legal and judicial community should need an judicial operation. A mediating destitution by giving law to poverty alleviation, infringement of peace, facilitation of trade and commerce will be rewarded. Regional approach on matters such as legal education, protection of intellectual property rights, panjabation and so forth.


Felly ydych chi'n gwaith yma, a dyma'n credu chi eich chi'n eu hwnnw yn y cwestiynau yma, yma'n gyffredin ni'n ddysgu'r Michael Dawson, yn ymgyrch yn ein cyfnod yn Cwbonettis. Ychydig yn ei gweithio. Rwy'n gweithio, felly mae'n gweithio i'r cyflogion ffaith mewn cydwyr. Rwy'n gweithio i'r cyfnod yn ddangos ysgrifennu a'r cyllidau yn ei ddych yn ymgyrch ac mae'n gweithio i'r cyfnod yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, yng Nghymgu Cybinethaf. Felly, rydyn ni'n Chrys-Baile. Rydyn ni'n ddigon i IBM o gweithio a gweithio a gweithio'r ddylchol, gwagorio'r ddweud o gweithio ar gyfer a bydd eich gweithio'n gweithio yn ymgyrch yn ddweud llunio a gweithio'r ddwylo Felly, rydyn ni'n gweithio i'ch bod yn ymdill o ffaz o'r ddwylo ar gyfer y Chrys-Baile. Felly, mae'n ddysgu'r ddweud'r diogel The horizontal axis is like ease of infrastructure and scaling. The vertical axis is ease of development and delegating logic in implementation to run times and making it simple to develop new answers arrow on it. It has infrastructure as a service, container as a service, platform as a service, and then function as a service. Has anybody seen this before? OK. The carna scope here is, if you're doing virtual machines with something like OpenStack, you have to bring the entire stack of software, so you are creating a virtual machine with an operating system. With an install of a runtime like Node.js, you then bring an application that has all of the packages that you want, you develop the code. You then deploy the virtual machine.  Ond mae'n cyflwyno cymryd i'r ddweud y gallu gydag y fawr. As you move across the axis, you move to Kubernetes, this will now orchestrate multiple containers for you. So, you don't actually have to worry about managing virtual machines or instances that can be done by the platform. You're bringing a docker container that is an operating system which you've then pre-installed, pre-configured. You're bringing your own node runtime, you're bringing a node application on top of that. You move over to platform as a service, you don't have to worry about operating systems or installs of runtime, you just bring it all in an application and when you get to FAS, you don't worry about any of that, you just bring individual functions, right? So, individual small sets of lines of code and that's it. So, I as, as I said, most complicated, most control. CAS container as a service, you start to delegate scaling to the platform and some of the configuration. Platform as a service, you now focus on applications and not how they run and functions means you get to concentrate on a function and not even how the rest of the application works. So, Wikipedia defines function as a service as something that provides a platform that allows you to develop, run and manage application functions without having to build and maintain infrastructure. So, that's pretty much what we've just described. It also says it's one way of achieving serverless, right? Traditionally, when people hear about cloud functions, they think serverless and that's true because functions and functions of service is one type of serverless, but it's not the only type of serverless. So, if we look at this, this axis, you have servers in the bottom left hand corner. This is where you build servers yourself, you deploy servers yourself, you manage everything. At the far end of it, when you move to functions as a service, you have serverless in terms of scaling. When load comes in, you actually have instances of that function based on the load. Serverless is actually effectively an on-demand scaler. The more requests that come into the system, the more it scales out to handle the load. So, you can actually scale from zero to infinity as long as you don't mind paying a large enough bill. Now, on the other axis, which is that you get from FAS, is functions programming. This is reducing the amount that you actually have to develop and maintain yourself and delegating a lot to the stack. So, the horizontal axis is all about scaling, not having to deal with multiple instances and load balances, and the vertical axis is all about ease of development. When the two come together, you get functions as a service. So, functions as a service is both serverless and functions, but you can actually have them completely independently of each other. So, FAS is serverless plus functions. So, how does FAS actually work? How does it let you write small units of code and scale to infinity under it? So, this is the model for Apache OpenWisk, which is an open-source implementation of a function as a service platform. And what happens is, as a developer, you can write a function. So, this is the function signature that you've got for Apache OpenWisk for Node.js. You have a function which you then export.  So, that's the function signature, one parameter in, one parameter out, and you can make it do whatever you like. But that's the entire function signature that you get. When you write that code, you generate what they call a function handler. If you then want to test that function handler, you have to deploy it to the function as a service platform. So, you deploy your function handler, you get the ability to do run, test, debug on the function's platform. And that function handler is now running in live. It runs on top of a runtime because something has to invoke your function when a request comes in. And then you can have a real user, and that real user can make a request, and your function gets invoked. And that's how OpenWisk largely works. And at the results on the right-hand side, it will scale on demand. As new requests come in, it will make sure there's enough run times to handle it. And the simplified development is, I didn't need to build a Docker container. I didn't need to deal with versions of Node. I didn't need to have a package.json if I don't want to. They do let you require in packages if you want to. But I only had to write a single function declaration, put some code into it, and it works. Now, let's actually dig a level deeper and see how that actually gets put together. So, the OpenWisk runtime is actually a few layers itself. At the bottom layer is a Docker container. So, it is actually building a containerized runtime. On top of that, it has Node.js running an HTTP server. And inside that HTTP server, there are two rest endpoints. There is a post on slash init. And what happens is, when you deploy your function handler, it actually calls the runtime on slash init and gives it your code. And that runtime then becomes initialized with your function handler so it can be executed. And when a request comes in, it calls a post request on slash run and gives it the parameters from the request. So, you're actually running a full Node.js stack, a full microservice in order to run that function. And the full microservice under it is responsible for making it run on the platform, being able to do monitoring, being able to do request tracking across functions and so on. So, what you've actually got there is a full microservice that's just been built for you. In terms of scaling, the way it works is when you have a second request, it actually spins up a second instance. So, if I have four requests, I have four instances of my function that are running. So, it has a model of one request, one instance. So, what are people using FAS for? Well, the biggest use case for serverless and FAS is actually to build REST APIs. So, the number one use case, 73% of people surveyed about what they're using functions for said, I'm building REST APIs. Another 26% said they were building mobile backends, which is essentially REST APIs. So, the largest use case by a long way for functions is actually just to build REST APIs. But the problem with that is the function signature. Who has built REST APIs using something like Express? So, you're used to a request response next. You're used to having a bunch of APIs that you can then call against the request to deal with headers if you want to. Response lets you set headers. Unfortunately, this just gives you one parameter in, one parameter out. And it's not designed to help you build REST APIs. It's designed to be flexible instead. It's designed to be that it can be invoked by any kind of request. It doesn't have to be REST. It could be a cron job. It could be a change in a database. But if you want to build REST APIs, it's not a very helpful API. And OpenWisk isn't alone. This is the same for all functions implementations. This is AWS Lambda. This gives you a slightly different function signature. You've got event, call context and callback. But again, you've got this problem that is not designed for a specific use case or a domain. You have a generic API, but you're probably going to be only opting to build REST APIs. So wouldn't it be nice if you could build functions using the APIs that you're used to? And given that, it's actually going to build it into a full microservice anyway, we could build that microservice using well-known frameworks like Express. So that's what I'm actually going to show you how to do. So there's two technologies I'm going to cover. One of them is called Absidy, which was talked about by Michael Dawson in the previous session, to a certain extent. And the other one is Knative, which is a project that builds on top of Kubernetes that provides serverless. And when we go back to that axis, what happens is Absidy will let you provide a functions programming model. So it basically allows you to delegate lots of development to a stack, to a runtime, and then let you develop on top of it. And that then builds a microservice and then you can use Knative to deploy in a serverless fashion, so it scales on request. Now that then says you bring the two together, you bring the two axis of FAS, so functions and serverless together, and you can build a FAS platform that does exactly what you want it to, but lets you use Express APIs if you want to. So if we start off with Absidy, it consists of three things. There's a CLI that lets you do development, and there's also some IDE plugins for it. There's then a sense of stacks. Now these stacks are actually available at multiple levels. I'm going to show you the top level which is building a function. But what Michael Dawson showed in the last session was how you can build an application with this style, but you can build an entire Express app. You can have access to the Express app object itself, you can work with routers, you can register middlewares, and it will still deal with metrics and monitoring and how you deploy to Kubernetes for you. And there's a lower level where you can say, actually I've got a node application, I just want you to deploy it and deploy it serverless.  But rather than kind of talk about how it works, I'm going to show you how it works. So if I bring up the console and make sure my directory is empty, yep. So I'm going to make a new directory for a back end. And then I'm going to do abs.d init and I'm going to tell it the type of project that I want to create, which is node.js functions. Now this is doing two things. It's going to create a very, very simple project structure for me. So I've got something to develop from and then it brings down that functions runtime that I'm going to use. If I then open this in VS Code to see what I've got and let's make this a little bit bigger. So what I've got in my project is I've got a package.json so I can add dependencies as normal. I've got a gitignore file and so on. I've got an abs.d config file that gives my project a name and it says which version of the runtime I want to use. And then I've got a function. And this function says forget requests. So module.exports.get says if there's a get request on the URL of slash run this function which is hello from abs.d. So if I then just run it and I can do that with abs.d run and what that does is it just takes my code and applies it to the functions runtime locally. So this is all going to run locally on my laptop. I now have a project that's running on port 3000. So if I go to localhost 3000 I get hello from abs.d. So I just built and deployed a function into a container and I've got a local running version of this. Now it all to do development with that function runtime. If you're used to using something like node model so you make changes it gets reflected immediately the same system applies. So let's say I want to start making some changes to my function. So let's create an array with some data in it and I'm going to have an orange and I'm going to have an apple and I'm going to have a banana and then instead of saying hello from abs.d let's get it to return a random entry. So hopefully and people can correct me if my programming is wrong. We want math.floor so math.random and then we want times that by a fruit.length and hopefully that look okay to everyone? We'll see. I'll go back to my browser and it says apple it says orange orange apple banana. Okay so it's working. So it's immediately reflected the changes that I am making in the container as I build and run it. So that's given me a function that I can run locally. Now as well as giving me a function programming I can also in terms of iterative development I can set a breakpoint if I want to. If I just close that down and then say I want to rerun in debug mode I can run as a debugger and now that's up and running I can connect the debugger it's connected and if I reload it it jumps to the breakpoint. So even though this is all running in a functions runtime inside a container I've got everything that I'm used to running. So I've just let that go again and disable the breakpoint. Now as well as giving me this iterative development environment one of the advantages of me not owning the entire application is the rest of the microservice can do stuff on my behalf. So one of the things it gives you is very simple it's this it's a health check endpoint. And that's because this is going to get run inside Kubernetes and Kubernetes will do a couple of things for you it will automatically restart any application that is struggling it checks for liveness and when it pings your liveness endpoint if it doesn't get a response it restarts you but you can also register a number of callbacks which you can do as promises to get some checks running against your application to determine whether you want to tell Kubernetes to restart you as well as liveness there's also readiness works in exactly the same way but rather than being restarted it will take you out of load balancing until you report that you are ready to receive workload. So that's built into the functions runtime for you. You also have the ability to say I want to have metrics so there is a metrics endpoint this isn't designed to be human readable you'll see what it's for later and during development time we also add a metrics dashboard no that's not it that's the URL there we go so what this provides and I'll just hit the endpoint a few times is this provides an inbuilt view of the performance of my function so it tells me about the CPU usage of the function it tells me about its memory usage it tells me about incoming hdb requests and my throughput it also knows about the javascript heap it knows about the event loop time latency and every other request and this socket IO request here is this dashboard itself running as well as that I can turn on profiling and as part of profiling it will start to generate an inbuilt set of flame charts for me so it's got full profiling of my function as part of the function's runtime so if I now disable the profiling and in fact I will just stop my app so that's now inside my function now one of the differences about building functions this way is I have a full framework and that means I don't I can't it's not just one function I can run I can put as many into the application as I like so if I drag in another function and what this function does is if I just expand the screen so this is going to make a request and so it hosts a function on slash proxy and what it does is it makes a request against the host and reports fruit plus whatever the response was from the host by default the host is localhost 3000 it will also look up default backend URL from an environment variable and you'll see why we're doing that in a second so if I again go and run that and do you an absd run this is doing exactly the same thing it's just restarting the run time which I stopped from debug mode and I put back into run mode and now when I run my application and I go to slash I still have my random fruits if I go to slash proxy it's just got an annotation in front because it's calling back to itself so I've got two functions running inside the run time this is all running locally on my laptop so the next thing we're going to do is we're actually going to deploy it to Kubernetes now the way I do that is super simple I just say deploy it now this is doing two things on my behalf first of all is building a best practice docker image with my application in so it starts off by all of your local development uses a standard node image but for production we're using the node slim image so you don't need things like npm in a production image because all of your modules are already installed so this generates a production image that's 190 meg in size rather than 900 meg and then it's deployed it to Kubernetes running locally on my laptop and that says it's now available here so if I go to that URL on slash I have my random fruits and if I go to slash proxy I have exactly the same thing that I have locally but this is now running inside Kubernetes now a way of showing you that that is true is I can go to this which is a Kubernetes application viewer and it has now detected that I've got my deployed back end I can click on it it's deployed as two resources so in Kubernetes terms you have deployments and then you have services and services expose a deployment so I have a deployment and an exposed service it knows that it's a project called back end that it's made with node.js functions version 0.1.6 if I actually create a Git project for this it knows where the Git project is what the commit was and it will jump you back to the Git project I can also go to the liveness endpoint that I showed you earlier if I want to or I can go to the metrics dashboard or can I this is always the danger of doing things live isn't it what happened to my metrics dashboard ah there we go I just need to make that connection available all right so let's reload that there we go so this is my metrics dashboard so it jumps me through to the metrics dashboard inside Kubernetes that knows about my application so the registration that I've got an application that has monitoring that's done with Kubernetes automatically that's part of using the functions runtime it knows about request durations in the URLs that they're on it knows about request count CPU usage memory usage etc so I've written just a simple piece of code but the whole part of getting that to Kubernetes and scaling it has been done for me now this is just one microservice but I want multiple ones to talk together so that's actually pretty easy to do as well so for my my backend what I'm going to do is I'm just going to take its its configuration which was generated for me and I'm going to say that under the service I want to provide something that people can connect to I'm going to set its category as open API so I'm saying it exposes a rest endpoint and by default I would like people just to connect to slash now once I've done that I can do a run task of an absody deploy absody deploy to redeploy it and now I've got a function which I'm saying I want other functions to be able to use so whilst that's happening I'm going to start a second project so if I create a new project called front end let's call it front end there we go and get it yep and do absody in it no js functions so this is doing exactly the same thing I did when I built the backend project it's just building a front end function if I then open vs code for my new project what I'm going to do is very simple I'm going to go to my last project where I had this proxy function and I'm going to drag it over now what we said with this proxy function is that it decides where it connects to by using localhost 3000 all this environment variable default backend URL so what we're going to do is we're going to make the front end function look up that value when it's deployed to find my backend function and connect the two together now I'm just going to do a build to make sure that it builds properly which it should do and this is going to result in a local docker container but by building it it runs the tests as well and then once I've done that I'm just going to set it up to connect to the backend and once I've done that I can deploy it I should be able to connect to the front end and the front end will know about the backend but actually just to make it clear let's call it let's change the text that it prints as well when we're at it so I'm going to take my deploy configuration and I'm going to go to the service and I'm going to say that this wants to consume something so it consumes something of category open API that has a name of backend and it has a and it's in the default namespace and then if everything comes together I can do an absurly deploy and I'm now going to have two functions deployed and one will connect to the other again this is building a production docker image that docker image you can actually run any way that you like you don't need to be using this deploy system to run it because it is just a full microservice oh dear let's try that again check I didn't typo so I did typo yeah you're probably right yes I mean kubernetes deals with all of that for you because it sees each of these as its own containerized runtime this is one of those things where given the time I'm going to have to anyone that wants to see it working I will show them afterwards but I will quickly drop back to the slides just to show you that so that's kind of the function programming piece what actually happens here is in the CLI it does a look up of the the types of applications that I want to build we built a function there's local dev debug cycle it pulls down the stack as you build and then it takes that function and once you've built it builds a productized version of the stack and then deploys it to kubernetes and then it integrates with everything in the platform so we've got the monitoring we've got the dash bordering and so on now what Knative does for you just to finish that piece off is when you deploy Knative its style of serverless and scaling is very different to OpenWisk when you have one request of Knative for serverless you have one instance of your microservice but one of the other advantages of using a full framework is so who here runs 50 parallel requests current requests through express I would hope most people don't worry about the concurrency of express it's more than capable of handling multiple requests at the same time so by default Knative will say well if I have a second user right I don't need two instances of express to handle two concurrent users it still only has one in fact if there's four of them it will still only use one if there's a hundred it will still use one if there's a hundred and one it'll add a second one that is configurable you can make it any number you like you can make it one if you wanted to but because frameworks already provide concurrency it lets you put more requests through a system so it's a system where it does serverless based on full microservices and absente helps you build those microservices and that's where I'll leave it so those are the two projects I'll be at the IBM booth today tomorrow if you've got any questions and everything's open source projects thank you


Welcome to Toffy TV, it is the Everton News Daily. Everton today have been linked with a move for Gremio winger Everton Suarez. Sky Sports report that Everton do have an interest in the wide player. His agent is thought to be trying to get him a move to the Premier League and Everton are one of the clubs apparently interested in him. Marcel Brand said last night that Everton may be looking for someone as a right wing option because they've only got Theo Walcott. Suarez does play off the left even though he is right-footed, so it remains to be seen whether there is any concrete interest in him. We will link quite heavily with him after the Copper America in the summer. Other clubs were as well but the 24-year-old has remained at Gremio. It remains to be seen whether Everton do go and get him a being incredible PR stunt for them to have wouldn't it to have a player with the club's name on the back of his shape. We will have to see whether there is anything in that. A link again to Adrian Rabio was safest today in Italy and again saying that the player may move to Everton on a short-term loan. This comes following last week when Rabio said he was staying at Juve and the club said he wouldn't be available for loan. So Italian press, not always the most reliable but they have said that the 24-year-old could move on loan to Everton and link up with Carlo and Cillotti. A very good player would be an excellent addition for Everton even if it is just until the summer. It would enable obviously the likes of John Philippe Gabbaman to be ease back in rather than rush back and Everton do need someone who can take the ball and move on on the pitch which Rabio does very well. Another player we will link with today is Marash Cumbuller who is a 19-year-old centre-back Albanian centre-back playing for Verona. Everton credited with an interest in him. I asked the PIV Andy about him. He thinks he is a decent player but not quick enough. But Everton have been linked with him. But one player who the links are much stronger to is U9 Nunes, the athletic Bilbaugh centre-back 22-year-old. Very quick, very good on the ball. Everton watched them, have watched them this season. It was linked with Manchester City earlier in the season as well. But reports are of Spain saying that Everton have watched them and are very, very interested in taking them. He does fit the Marcel Brands 20-26 age group, good young player with potential to grow and the cell on value. So, he is exactly the type of centre-back that Everton could go for. I mean, there's another link today to Nathan Achi of Bournemouth but don't see that given that they were asking for 70 or 80 million in the summer. So, that is out of evidence. Price bracket and a move for Nunes is more likely than Achi, I would say, at this moment. And that is it for today's news. Daily make sure you give the video a thumbs up. Subscribe if you haven't and if you want more videos, join us over on page and see you later.


If any of you have studied any Eastern philosophies, like the Buddha, you know, the Buddha talked about emptying the mind. There's a great focus on that, and even with Advaita Vedanta or Manamaharshi, a lot of fantastic, non-dual pathways are all saying empty your mind. Empty your mind of the contents of consciousness. There's not really like some kind of positive goal that's in the world. You don't see Buddhists, they've shaved their heads, they've got their orange robes on, and they're not waiting to hit the lottery or something to go, ah, I'm almost there, as if it's like some outcome in the world will show favor, like things are going well, like you're close. You hit the jackpot or something like that. And I think the course is really pretty much the same way. That's why we say, Thy will be done, God's will be done. I would say it's not only the safest prayer, but it's just only the prayer. It's the only prayer there is, ultimately. But we have to gain confidence in it, we have to gain trust in it, we have to feel the miraculous experiences of that state of mind. Maybe even glimmers of that state of mind to go, hmm, Thy will be done, God's will be done. We need something to say, I'm going to keep coming. It's not necessarily an outcome in the world. And so this is where I would say the course takes us beyond, I call it sometimes the magic of manifesting, not that there's anything wrong with it because if you feel very deprived and lacking and you need some symbols along the way to show how powerful your mind is, that's good. That could be very helpful, but it's still preliminary. It's not like where it's all heading. Where it's heading is that we have everything, we are everything, we've always been everything, and there's a deep resonance with that.


Hi, hello, my name is Nick Payne and this is our family was king and the locator in Guangzhou Li Wan Manufacturing in China our maybe our main product is wireless power band This is the 10,000 wireless power band with magic force and this is the suction club And it can use in Samsung Samsung Huawei Xiaomi and this is for iPhone So you just put it behind the phone And then they will have very long power and there are Building cable like the like link port and the tab C port and You can check that when you connect this to your phone. Your phone will last for one week. Okay. I don't power right Yeah, long power is 10,000 mAh battery Yeah And show you iPhone only has 4,000 or something yeah 4,000, but we can charge two times for iPhone You can see we are charging Not just through the wireless. Yeah wireless Stable it will never fall off Yeah, yeah, and this is a this is the mega mega is for the iPhone and you can Because I have the Case so they're not very tight. I need to move out the case and then Yeah, okay It's also wireless This is only the outlook the build the for the outlook a little this side for the outlook and they show the battery and Now it's charging and you can check Yeah, and then you do a colorful power banks colorful mess miss color power band This is 20,000 mAh battery and it's a battery. Yeah, it's fast charger like turning 2.5 watts output and we also have the built-in cable and So the Android and the iPhone yeah, yeah, yeah, of course The one the our output is very big source charge very fast Not a very special product like this is Bluetooth speaker with power band and you can pay the music and the charge your phone at the same time for 22 hours the battery inside is 5000 mAh battery and this is one USB output and the taxi output input Nice, and you can also charge it directly in the wall. Yeah, you can when you go travel and you can If change different pledge like this is the UK pledge and you can close on it and Change different like this is the euro pledge So it is a travel adapter a power band and the speaker three function Yeah Here you showing some case For for like iPad 11 inch and this is our new leather case You can know it's very not easier to destroy and quality and not easier to make the dirty And when you get some dirty you can move out. You can clean it easy Yeah, it's easy because the new leather material nice It's lips on and you can rotate in three 360 degree and then Watch the movie and the study and the walking. Maybe they're just so very easy a convenient for your life Is there a good price for all this? Maybe the needs 14 to MB so maybe six dollars six dollar How many pieces for two? 500 pieces 500 pieces and the power banks the power band Maybe 11.7 11.7 years depends which power bank and the with the speaker a little bit more Because maybe lie your story nine. No, all right. So you sell many many many tablets. Yeah many cases Yeah, how many you sell every month? We sell to the India and South America maybe five thousand pieces five Five thousand to one ten thousand pieces each month It's cool. Yeah, it's like you're driving with the iPad. Yeah, and it is very smooth Okay, very smoothly And this is the king said and when you cook king and you can hand on the kitchen Nice and watch the radio to teach how you cook You do all the different iPad models. You have a 10 I put 11 iPad Samsung Huawei and no will sell me all the model and all the brand we do We update very fast and here you do Case the phone case What is special about this one? Oh, this is the king stand and the wing Kingston and different angle to address the king stand to watch the movie. Yeah, good price Silver point nine years dollar. That's the one dollar. Wow All right, so it was a good show for you Many people come here. Yes, we bring to this show every year, but it's since 2008 15 15 15. Yeah, but since 2019 it was no show, right? No 19 and 20 and 21 no so but 22 we got we 22 October we also bring there many people come on that's me because that's not open at that time Yeah, it was a secret show and now it's normal. Yeah. Yeah, all the whole is open now All right, and distributor you're looking for everywhere in the whole world Who will people in India contact you India and your role USA also will contact me our main Biggest part biggest market from Middle East Because which which one? Saudi Saudi Arabia. Many many people there. Everybody have a phone, right? Yeah They're rich. Everybody have a phone. Everybody have a tablet. Yeah, you need accessories. Yeah, cool


So I get some notifications from my friends who are tagging me on Facebook and on Instagram on the same post I go to check to see what's going on and it turned out It's a video of a guy who had a crazy animal encounter with a mountain lion. His name is Kyle He's 26 years old and he pretty much just went for a trail run in Slate Canyon in Provo, Utah Which by the way, it's an area that I'm very interested in hiking in my motivation Is that there are two flights from our regional airport to the regional airport? But anyway, he goes for a run and then he has this crazy encounter with the mountain lion Which probably at the time he did not realize it was a mountain lion But it just went so viral. He was able to film the whole thing on video and Obviously I'm glad that he's doing well, but I'm sure it was a very traumatizing experience. You are pretty much facing debts It's not it's not a joke. It's a big cat. It's dangerous But anyway kind of just motivated me to want to learn more about what to do in Cougar country mountain lion country per se I mean there are some rudimentary things that one should or shouldn't do and we will see that in the video that he caught But I kind of want us to do a little bit more reading and do a minute info type of thing Just to kind of learn a little bit more about what to do in a similar situation So so let's go ahead and watch the video even though every time I watch it I feel like my heart starts racing like crazy So we'll watch the video and then we'll do a little bit of reading about the area and what to do in a mountain lion country All right, let's watch this All right, I probably go to his Instagram.   There is a website called Wild Aware Utah and it has a whole page dedicated to Cougars and everything that one should know I want to do a little bit of reading here and I will share with you as we go All right to be aware Cougars welcome to Cougar country Some things you should know about Cougars Please take care to prevent Cougars from becoming Results animal by not feeding wild love on your property keeping your pets indoor the Cougar Puma Concolor is known as the mountain lion Puma Catamount Screamer or Panther So the kind of all fall under the same category. They live all across Utah from the high Utah's wilderness to the dry southern deserts in Utah Cougars prefer Pinyon juniper and pine oak brush areas within these habitat types they prefer areas where there are rocky cliffs ledges and Tall trees or brush that can be used for cover which kind of makes sense They are easily recognized by their Tony color white muzzle and long tail Those typically weigh 90 to 200 pounds male and females pair briefly for breathing But the female raises the kittens alone kids and stay with the female until they are about a year and a half old At which time they disperse to find their own territories Cougars are solitary animals They usually hunt alone at dawn and dusk and that's one of the things that I read in the article that was released about this topic Probably if you know that there are Cougars in the in the area you want to avoid hiking early in the morning or around sunset So the main prey of Cougars is deer so they will be found wherever deer are They will also eat elk antelope small mammals and birds the one interesting thing that I read earlier is that If you happen to see a dead or killed deer that is covered by some brushes That probably means that there is a cougar or mountain lion in the area So stay away from that because that's the way for them to kind of hide Their prey well not really hide but just make sure that they cover it leave it and then come back to Recover it later All right after making a kill a cougar will often take the carcass to the base of a tree and cover it with soil leaves Or snow saving it to feed on later this we were just saying cougars kitten cougar kittens or cubs Have blackish brown spots. So they're talking about their colors here and some pictures about their Print and their scat which is also important to know they have some Audio of the cougars vocalization Let's hear that Scary Okay, this is the the important part that I'm interested in is Preventing conflicts while recreating if you are on a hiking trail. How do you prevent a conflict with the with the cougar? do not hike or jog alone and That's kind of one of the reasons why the hiking backpacking community They were kind of a bit of a hard time because he was technically hiking alone Travel in groups and keep everyone together including children and dogs make noise while hiking to alert cougars of your presence It's much the same with with bears You want to make enough noise leave the area if you find a dead animal Especially deer or elk it could be a cougar kill the cougar might may return and defend its food. You see that go back Turn away keep a clean camp store food and garbage in an odor-free locked container Or hung between two trees where cougars and bears cannot get it So same rules as in bear country if you encounter a cougar All right, let's read this one carefully So if you encounter a cougar stop never run from a cougar do not approach the cougar So it's exactly seems like I think that's exactly what he did. He was not running. He was just backing away Maintain eye contact pick up children and pets or keep them very close Stand up tall do not crouch or squat.  It's just one way to to do something You know instead of not having any anything to help yourself with if you are aggressive enough the cougar will probably flee if You have an encounter with aggressive wildlife Please alert the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources office near you if the encounter or sighting occurs after hours or on the weekend Please call your local police department or country sheriff's office who can contact a conservation office to handle the situation And that's the information that they have in the website I think it's very useful and I kind of just wanted to share with you those of you who are not familiar with what to do if you encounter a cougar and Really, this is an important thing for new hikers whenever you are going to a new area that you are not familiar with Like for me, I wouldn't know that there were a lot of mountain lions in Provo Utah in this particular area. So every time you are going to a new area a new state a new national park Educate yourself know more about the wildlife in the area. Usually at the trailhead. There are signs or national parks You can talk to rangers. So just try to educate yourself as much as you can So really glad that the guy is doing well He is safe. I'm sure it was a traumatizing experience and a very difficult six minutes But glad he's doing well other than that you guys stay safe. Keep on exploring Educate yourself as much as you can and I will see you very soon. Take care