I'm Deb Holland, Secretary of the Department of the Interior and proud member of the Pueblo of Laguna. I'm grateful to deliver remarks at the National Trust for Historic Preservation's past Forward Plenary Session. Before I begin, I want to acknowledge that I'm joining you from the traditional and ancestral homelands of the Anacostan and Piscataway people here in Washington, D.C. They may think that land acknowledgments are a new custom, but the practice actually dates back centuries in many native nations and communities. Land acknowledgments recognize indigenous people who are the original stewards of the lands where we live and work. As the globe faces the existential threat that climate change poses, the recognition of the indigenous stewards of our land, air, and water helps us to center those voices and honors the millennia of traditional knowledge that can and should guide us as we tackle our toughest challenges. Your motto, save the past, enrich the future, align strongly with our mission at the Department of the Interior and with President Biden's goals for the United States in this pivotal moment. It's a moment in which we face the overlapping crises of a global pandemic, a climate crisis, economic uncertainty, and racial injustice. I'll start by giving a brief overview of how we at the U.S. Department of the Interior work to preserve cultural sites. Our department's roles on culture and nature are deeply interconnected. In fact, part of our mission is to protect the nation's natural resources and cultural heritage. Through efforts such as the World Heritage Program, the department works in partnership with other countries to preserve and share our nations and the world's cultural and natural heritage. We're proud to host workshops that bring World Heritage site managers together to share ideas, best practices, and plan for the future. Heritage is an essential resource for living cultures and human identity. As the first Native American Cabinet Secretary for the United States, I come to the table with a deep respect and profound connection to cultural sites across our country. I applaud the National Trust for Historic Preservation for your long history of advocacy and incredible progress in recognizing the important historic sites that are part of our collective memory. Identification, preservation, management, and sharing of our cultural heritage on public lands helps tell our stories. And telling those stories helps us to be better public servants and build a more inclusive future. It is my goal to make sure we're telling the whole story of the United States by preserving cultural sites that reflect all perspectives, including communities that have been underrepresented in the past, and making sure that we build on, learn from, and react to what came before. We help give those communities a voice. We retell and elevate their stories, and in many cases, we help people to understand hardships of those people and the origins of inequity. These special places can make people feel, laugh, and cry. These special places can make people care. President Biden demonstrated his commitment to preserving sites that are culturally significant when he took profound action to permanently protect the Bears Ears, Grand Staircase Escalante, and Northeast Canyons and Seamounts National Monuments. As I stood on the White House lawn for the announcement, I felt the weight of that moment and remembered the many times I felt the presence of my ancestors in those canyons. Special places hold the memories, feelings, and lessons of the past. In my culture and in many Indigenous cultures around the world, we are taught at a very young age that our actions impact not just ourselves, but our entire community and thus the generations that follow. That deep understanding grounds much of the work we do at Interior, but none can be more pressing than the climate crisis. Right now, we're in a pivotal moment in which communities across the globe face harsher storms, longer droughts, more intense fires, and extreme heat and cold caused by climate change. This is a moment that calls on us to recognize that climate change impacts every person on this planet, but not every person on this planet has the same access to life-saving resources or the ability to relocate when disaster strikes. Entire communities and cultures are at risk of being lost to the perils of climate change. The natural resources that have sustained Indigenous peoples for centuries in forests, grasslands, rivers, coral reefs, and other natural habitats are being destroyed by extreme weather events and climatic shifts.  Communities that have been marginalized throughout history face some of the most devastating impacts. The time to act is now. Earlier this month, the Biden-Harris Administration released our Climate Action Plans. The Department of the Interior's plan centers on environmental justice, builds resilient communities, and invests in a clean energy future that can create millions of good-paying union jobs while protecting the natural and cultural resources on which we all rely. By taking bold action, we ensure that the special and sacred places that you all work so hard to raise awareness about and protect are preserved well into the future. It's a win-win. Not only do we create a more sustainable future, full of opportunity for generations to come, but we also preserve the histories and memories of the generations that came before us. Together, our work will promote climate-resilient lands, waters, and cultural resources, advance climate equity, transition to a resilient clean energy economy, support tribal and insular community resilience, empower the next generation of conservation and resilience workers, enhance climate literacy, and bolster climate resilience in the management of sites, facilities, and supply of products and services. We have a president who not only recognizes the inequities that exist, but is showing through action that we are ready to lead the world toward a sustainable, equitable, and inclusive future. One of the tools we use to preserve and maintain these important sites is through the Great American Outdoors Act. When I was a member of the House Natural Resources Committee, I worked with my colleagues to pass this bill. Now as Secretary of the Interior, I can put this law into action. For example, the Great American Outdoors Act Legacy Restoration Fund provides $8.2 million to stabilize the cliff that is part of the foundation of the San Fernando Bastion. The National Park Service also recently completed a $6 million multi-year construction project that repaired about half a mile of historic masonry walls, including an original city gate on the west side of the city. When I visited Yellowstone National Park earlier this year, I saw the largest Legacy Restoration Fund project focused on historic preservation. We're investing $22.3 million to address deterioration of historic Fort Yellowstone. These investments are also funding the National Park Service's Historic Preservation Training Center and Historic Architecture and Engineering Center so that we can develop preservation maintenance action teams. These teams will develop, coordinate and deploy experienced personnel to address high priority deferred maintenance projects at small and medium parks while introducing youth and underrepresented communities and veterans to the skills, knowledge and opportunities in historic preservation. This is one of the many tools in our toolbox that we're using to serve as a partner to you and to be good stewards of our lands. By preserving the past, we can learn from it and build an equitable and sustainable future we can all be proud of. Thank you for all you do. Please note that as we take bold action to address the climate crisis, we also think about how we work with partners like you to tell America's story for generations to come. Thank you all.


There we go guys. The stage is set. And the rest of the Valley High School is set for the drama part of the International 2019 Santa Cruz Coast Athletic League Wrestling Championships. The pre-limbs and the some of the most famous league in only two stellar athletes. Inclusive in eight product years to go ahead tonight, vying for the prestigious title of league champ. I'm Rusty Reed and I have the pleasure to introduce you tonight with Rusty Roberts. There's no stranger to this scene. The league here in the wrestling is a head coach for 20 years. Hello, Rusty. Nice to have you here. Well, it's an honor to be here with you Rusty. It's not just Friday night but there's an electricity in the air tonight. There's a definite atmosphere as it seems to be a changing in the guard of Aptos kind of losing ground I think in the tournament early in the first day of competition and the only day of competition here to Santa Cruz, an uprising team with the 40 to 45 people on the team. A tremendous job by head coach Emiliano Aragon. But this is about the test. The wrestlers themselves have been going at it since November. And this is down to the final night. Some of these guys are going to go on to CCS for the section championships. A few of them hope to live the dream to find their road to the California state championships. And for some of the others that you're not going to see here that competed earlier, well, it's golf season early. Well, tonight we're actually seeing one of the closer league championship finals in terms of the team's score. Coming into the finals, Santa Cruz is holding on to a lead of 169 to 156 over Aptos. It's a difference of 13 points. That's not a big margin considering the fact that there are equal numbers of Santa Cruz wrestlers and Aptos guys in the finals. So anything can happen. And maybe Aptos can catch Santa Cruz, we just don't know. I do know this. Aptos has won this tournament for nine consecutive years. And Santa Cruz beat them in the dual meet earlier in the year, 40 to 39. They're looking for the clean sweep. They're not looking for the share. They're looking to take home all the Marble trustee. Aptos nine straight. Aptos top of that. By the decade, finally Santa Cruz could find the track here. At 220 pounds, Daniel, the top of the years. Absolutely. And in fact some of the matchups we're going to see tonight aren't going to be those Santa Cruz versus Aptos bouts. We've also seen an increase in numbers out of Soquel this year. They've jumped normally kind of in the bottom of the pack the last few years. They really ratcheted it up this year and improved their team. They took the lead in the tournament to the finals followed by Scott's Valley, SLV, and Harbour. Tonight they held finals. It was a sovereign note.  I'd like to congratulate all the A finals. Young man, stay out of this. I'd like to congratulate all the finals. I want to figure in better world than this night. That's a longer and that's a t-shirt that has a lightness on it. A former Olympian. There we are. A very dear friend in Pat Lobo about a month and a half ago. I want to dedicate the finals to Pat Lobo. I hope you all buy a shirt. It'll be the only one. It'll never be matched. That was a great husband, great father, great grandfather. For most of all he was a mentor and a great friend to all of us. We are all better, all people for knowing him. So I'd like to take a moment to thank you.  Pat was a dear friend. He's very supportive of the wrestling here in the community. This is his vision to have this tournament every year broadcast on TV and CTV. I want to say thank you for helping to keep that vision alive. That loves wrestling. He loves the community and we love him. We'll miss him dearly. I'm just going to do my best to keep that tradition alive in Pat's honor. Being a dear friend of mine. I want to say thank you very much from the bottom of my heart for everything you've done for me, Pat. Pat Lobo, it's nice for you, my friend. Well, on to wrestling. We have 14 weight classes going at it tonight. Here I thought the very first one at 106 pounds was going to be one of the most competitive of the night with Alexis Zacharias going at it. He's highly ranked and CCS is number three at that weight. But actually he's got a pass. Explain this. Unfortunately the opponent that would have normally faced Alex in the finals, Russell Combs from Santa Cruz, has bumped up a weight class most likely because of the one sided decision that took place in their duel meet. Alex had his way with Russell. I think they were looking to make sure that Russell gets his due and going up a weight class. Alex is an interesting story. He is the brother. He's the youngest brother of a long history of Zacharias. Sons of assistant coach Ramon Zacharias. He's a former CCS finalist and state qualifier. Ramon's 100 career victories. A three-time league champion. The Zacharias family very, very in tune with the sport of wrestling. So with Alex moving on to CCS and the words, ranked first. Move on to the state. Now we move on to the 113 pounders. It's the aforementioned Russell Combs against Solomon Fox. Sal is an interesting story. This is probably not a lot of action on the varsity level and somehow was able to capitalize today and be in the finals. Russell has got a 15 and 7 record on the season. He's ranked 15th in CCS. He placed 8th at the Pat Lovell Tournament which is a very, very tough tournament and took second at the Jim Root Tournament. Russell also ranked in CCS, number 15. Impressive. Added 106 pounds. In fact, he's been in the finals here in the league championship the last two years in a row. This is third on that row. He was in the finals as a freshman on sophomore and now he's, here he is as a junior. He's a good leg rider. Right now he's trying to keep Sal Ponce down. Sal does a nice job and there's one point escape. Good work on Sal Ponce who's really an inexperienced wrestler at this point. He's given Russell everything that he can go for. Aptos is in the, what you would call the Army Fatigue colors with blue and black trim. And Santa Cruz obviously is, Cardinals are Cardinal Red and Greg. Again, Sal is a pretty inexperienced wrestler so for him to be in the finals this is a highlight probably of his season. Ooh, that's kind of could have been a nice slam call there. He's in, Combs has got him in a predicament right now and referee Nate Urbansik is calling for three near fall and a potentially dangerous move which is probably illegal half Nelson. We've got a score of nine to three right now with 13 seconds left on the clock. Russell Combs in a pretty good lead right now. Combs in the orange Santa Cruz Red Trying to bring him back down to the mat. Sal's trying to keep his head up off the mat and that's the end of the first period. It's a good first period for Combs Rusty. Well yeah, he's no stranger to this. Third year in the finals no stranger to you that you've coached that young man finals as a freshman. Well that was Russell we've been going against him unfortunately. So the choice was given to Santa Cruz and they deferred the choice to Aptos. Aptos chose neutral position. Combs again sticking with that tight ride looking for a cradle Oh that's a dangerous spot Rust Sal steps over and there's two reversal If you lock in that cradle and you're going to take your body all the way to one direction you've got to make sure that that body is tight. Didn't really have control of Sal to be able to pull that off. You'll see what kind of ride Ponce has in mind here. He's looking for half Nelson gets way out front Still in control of Aptos six and four on the year He also took fourth at Overfeld this season.  Hey maybe that's why he's able to stay up with Combs right now because he's used to chasing his dog Looks like he's got some skills in that department of going after things. Combs looking for a stand up escape Trying to free that lock that Ponce has on him Looks like we're going to get a penalty here for locking hands One point penalty is correct. So we've got a ten five score Illegal locking of the hands by Ponce Coaches for Russell Combs of Santa Cruz. Emiliano Maragon and Cody Kiff they've done a fantastic job at resurrecting the Santa Cruz program and putting them in position to win their first league title as a team in over ten years Absolutely It looks like Russell can Sal can't seem to keep those hands from locking but that's a tribute to Russell Combs ability to try and sit out.  So we've got another penalty point Rusty. Four seconds left in the second period. We're up to eleven five score. My guess is that Russell is going to try to sit out again. The third period now Russell Combs with a nice low shot for a take down thirteen to five. Russell's hobbies is he likes to hang out with super super cool mom so yeah so apparently Rusty is the number one fan of his mom and you know I think all moms should have their VIP club with a caution for stalling on Combs by referee Nathan Urbansik a former coach at SLV and Soquel for many many years Nate's been a staple here as a referee for a long time here in the SECL. Combs under the lead thirteen to five just over a minute to go about Santa Cruz could walk away and looks like they'll walk away short of a pin of their victory team battle. Yeah this will definitely increase their lead. This is something that I'm sure is very pleasing to the coaching staff of Santa Cruz right now. This Sal is of Aptos is trying to get that head off the mat trying to get that power to lock that Combs has on his neck trying to sink that half Nelson. He's on the opposite side and that might open up a door for Sal Ponce but it seems like Russell Combs is doing just over powering him at this point. He's a pretty big 106 pounder and he's escaped. One point escape for Aptos followed by a nice double leg takedown by Combs increasing his lead to 15 to 6 and we're down to about 20 ticks left on the clock. Ponce is tempting a stand up escape even down to the last second and that does it. We've got a new league champion here 113 Rusty and a great job. Stepping up out of the 106 and not having to go against Al. Great job both wrestlers. Great effort provided by Ponce of Aptos being so inexperienced. Combs did what he had to do to get the job done. We're over at 120 pounds now Rusty and we've got Liam Patel of Santa Cruz coached by Emiliano Aragon and Cody Kiffin. It's another Aptos Santa Cruz coach up against Eli Galster who's coached by Rudy Guzman, Pete Maestes and Miguel Barranco. Galster's a senior. Patel's a sophomore and look at this. We've got Eli Galster with an immediate pin. That was over quickly. Galster of Aptos is a new league champion. You know I don't know too much about the Patel guy but Eli's been wrestling for four years. He was a finalist last year in the league championships. He is one of the nicest gentlemen you'll ever meet. Great family. Just a real hard worker and so you know I know his parents have got to be very pleased and proud of him right now. If anybody deserves the accolades right now Eli Galster is the type of guy who does. We've got another match up of Aptos versus Santa Cruz. So right now Rusty we're 1-1. The score is 1-1 in bouts. So it's things are starting to heat up here. We've got Bobby Gear of Santa Cruz who is at 1-26. He's 10-4 on the year. He's going to be taking on Tommy Victory, a freshman. A freshman for Aptos dressed in the black. Santa Cruz in the red. Got a two point take down for Gear of Santa Cruz. Gear is 10-4 on the year. He's not ranked. He took first at Don Bosco, eighth at Weber Lawson. And Tommy Victory is just new on the scene. He's 7-5 on the year as a freshman but found his way into the lineup. He's doing a pretty impressive job here to get to the league finals. Just noticed that. Just noticed that. These guys may end up seeing each other quite frequently over the next four years. He's got a nice turn. Gear puts Tommy Victory on his back. He's got a near fall situation here. And there it goes. We're up to 2-1 now. Santa Cruz, Tommy Victory with a nice effort there. But Bobby Gear is a new 2019 league champion at 126 pounds. Hey, the first weight class resty that doesn't have Aptos are Santa Cruz. I'm sorry for Aptos-Santa Cruz match up. We've got a Scots Valley versus Aptos match up. France is a freshman coached by Freddie Cortez and Ryan France. 29-4 on the year. Wow, I see. Why? She's also ranked third in the girls CCS right now. 9-4, an impressive record. Christian Montoya is a sophomore and Christian actually has been injured most of the season. He's 9-4 on the year. He had a nice attempt at a take down there and he scores the two after all. Montoya took third at the Ed Farrell tournament and sixth at Don Bosco. Riding a nice wrist lock right here on France. The only girl I believe in wrestling tonight? I believe so. I believe so. That's pretty impressive. Third in CCS rank right now and she's a freshman. 29-4 record. That's outstanding. Outstanding. Out of bounds. Christian Montoya has been wrestling for a while. He wrestles over the gold wrestling club over in Watsonville with coach Gary Garcia. He's a Santa Cruz gold. He loves his girlfriend. He wants everyone to know by the way. He's got a nice chicken wing. Looking for a half Nelson. On the first period, again three periods. France is trying to free that lock. Trying to get back to her base. Christian's just a little too strong in this position right now. Choice went to Aptos. They deferred to Scots Valley. Chose neutral position. 2-0 in Montoya of Aptos. Looking for...look like a dump there. Out up and Montoya puts France on her back. Getting some back points right now. Seen a position his body well. Almost as if he was anticipating that type of technique from Tyler France. These two I believe have met prior in the senior night at Aptos. If I remember correctly. We had three near fall there. Oh nice half Nelson by Christian Montoya. Tyler France and there's a fall. And you can tell if you look at the physique on Tyler France and being a freshman, my guess is that she's going to do some real damage next week in the gold CCS tournament. Coming up now at 138 pounds. You've got a family affair. The referee Nathan Urbansik has stepped off the mat because his nephew has stepped on it. We've got 138 pounds. Connor Urbansik a sophomore from SLV coached by long time legendary coach Ken Pallastrini. Dan Urbansik and Brett Swan and Colin Miller. Connor Urbansik in the, I don't know what you call it, red and black zebra looking colors. It's 18 and 11 on the year. He's facing Kevin Chavez Vasquez of Santa Cruz. Who's 14 and six. Stalemate position. Nobody's scoring off that position. The referee stops the action. Nice double leg by Urbansik. What a nice counter. Oh and he gives it up. Chavez with Vasquez trying to do a freestyle flip. Didn't work. Urbansik is now controlling the chicken wing looking for a bar arm. He's going to try and run that out to the head. Chavez looks like a pretty powerful guy. Doesn't look like this is a type of technique that's going to work to successfully on him. 2-0 right now. 56 seconds left in the first period. Chavez comes in at a record of 14 and 6 on the year. Nice sit out by Chavez but he's got to pick a direction to go. Urbansik trying to chin him back loses control. Both wrestlers continuing to move. Referee sees Urbansik still in control of this situation yet they're both kind of in a neutral position. Then we've got a separation right there in one point escape. 2-1. One point escape for Chavez Vasquez of Santa Cruz.  They're back up to their feet. Yeah these guys look pretty even. Every time it seems like Kevin of Santa Cruz tries for that high crotch duck under. Fireman's carry combination. It looks like Urbansik sees it coming and he's able to counter it effectively. Then Connor Urbansik is part of a long line of wrestlers in the Urbansik family. Dan Urbansik, Nader Urbansik. All successful wrestlers in their own right. Connor took 7th at the Peninsula of R City Tournament this year. 6th at the Webber Lawson. Took 2nd in the freshman sophomore tournament so that's pretty interesting because compared to his own age group he's looking pretty tough but most of the tournaments he's gone to are varsity tournaments. He's got a navy ride which is the hooking of that ankle. Makes it very difficult for a wrestler to try and do a stand up escape or even to get any movement whatsoever. A lot of wrestlers use that to frustrate the guy on the bottom. Looks like right now Connor's doing a good job at that. Got that arm across the back. What he's trying to do is grab that head and put pressure on him to take him hopefully over for some back points. Maybe even more. Yeah now Kevin's had better times for sure. He's looking like he wants to hook that elbow and hit a roll and he does just that and he scores a 2 point reversal. He's got a double wrist ride right now. Urbansik coming to his feet looking for a stand up. Chavez Vasquez has got to watch out. Looks like he was kind of pushing him out there and Urbansik was trying to get back into the action but obviously it wasn't that blatant. Otherwise the referee would have called something like that. Oh yeah. I think this is actually going to be one of the tighter matches that we're going to see this evening Rusty. These guys look pretty even. We're not seeing a senior versus a freshman here. We've got two guys relatively close in age. Urbansik being a sophomore.  Got a nice outside single right now. Chavez Vasquez from Santa Cruz keeping the wizard. He's got a front underhook now trying to get those hips back but he sees an opening with that ankle. Out of bounds before he could swing around for his two. Yeah you can bet Aptos is Rudy Guzman right now and his coaching staff are really rooting for SLV in this situation Rusty. Aptos ice cream review at the helm. Well I appreciate that. It's some of the best years of my life and spent with some of the best people that you're ever going to meet parents and the wrestlers. Outstanding people every single one of them. Very big support group there. And Rudy Guzman is doing a fantastic job this year just keeping the ball rolling. Nice movement there by Chavez Vasquez. It's been a tough transition here honestly Rusty doing it for 28 years but you know what can't stay out of it that long and look at next thing I know I'm in the booth with the legendary Rusty Reid who would have ever guessed. You mentioned conditioning earlier Rusty and then this is really where it's going to kick in. I've got a minute 22 left and the guy who's been training the hardest is probably going to have that little burst of energy at the end. Right now it's 3-3. Kind of a standing switch maneuver by Irvancic. Chavez Vasquez is wrestling not only for himself in this situation really, really you can tell he's very poised in this situation to try and help his team out. Didn't give up on that. Oh he's put Irvancic in a very peculiar commitment where Irvancic then reverses him. Nice series of out. Chavez Vasquez puts him on Irvancic on his back again. Irvancic still has him in a good position. Chavez Vasquez looks like he's trying to hang on here. Reversal 6-5 he's one point short and a cruise coming up on top but there's going to be a real serious discussion right now Rusty because as we saw which we had the replay available you saw a flurry of three different reversals and the referee was throwing out points left and right or maybe they weren't and right now Ken is asking them obviously to check the score to make sure that score is accurate. Make sure that no points were missed. That was last 30 seconds I've never seen a nice reversal. Put the guy in a nasty predicament and it looked like we were going to get either some near fall points or a pin and the other guy just kept coming. Then he reversed Irvancic and Irvancic reversed Chavez and then at the very end right now the scoreboard is showing 6-5 Chavez Vasquez both wrestlers still waiting patiently in the center. You know I'm just noticing something sometimes being a former coach you have a tendency to stare at other coaches and see what they're doing and I just saw something out of a Miliano Aragon that really showed a veteran presence right there. He was asking Chavez Vasquez to keep his head gear on while they're figuring out the score just in case just in case let's say the score is tied and they have to go over time Chavez Vasquez would be prepared to go instead of fooling around with his head gear. It's not too many coaches that would pay strict detail attention to detail like Coach Aragon just did. I don't honestly know how the score is 6-5 to be honest with you because we saw three reversals in my mind so that's two each of those are two points and both at least two of those three reversals someone was on their back so you know maybe momentarily but they might have been a couple of near-fall points in there 6-5 score seems a little low from what we just saw. That is correct. The top three wrestlers in each weight class earn the right to go to the Central Coast section championships which is basically a qualifying tournament for the California State Wrestling Championships. One of the biggest wrestling tournaments if not the biggest in terms of numbers of competitors in the whole United States. I know Aptos as a team ranked 17th in CCS at about 50 schools. There's 135 schools in CCS wrestling. 17th very impressive top 20 which is not a strange place for the Aptos program to be. No actually you're right Rusty. Aptos owns a very nice honor and distinction over the last decade. Only four of those 135 schools have actually been consistently ranked in top 25. They are Gilroy who has basically won the title for the last nearly two decades 15 years 16 years. Bellarmine Prep Academy and Fremont High School and Aptos so if you were to ask it most people of four teams they'd probably guess the first three but my hunch is Aptos probably wouldn't have been the fourth choice for a lot of people. Congratulations Coach Reggie Roberts. Where you go? They deserve all the credit. They're still sorting things out. The score jumped up. We were correct. It was 5-6 at the end of the bout and it now stands at 11-9 with Kevin Chavez Vazquez with the 11 points. So he still has the narrow lead in possibly the championship 138 fouls and what we've witnessed is the lead best match of the night so far. Oh without a doubt. 14 weight classes. It looks like two of them won't be competing. We only saw 106 pounds. We didn't have two finalists and that's going to happen a little further down the road so we'll have 12 matches tonight. Here we go. We got a winner. Great match. Both wrestlers gave every fan in this SLV gym their money's worth. That's for sure. We're going to see a battle here at 145 pounds. I happened to take in the match in the dual meet and it came down to the final seconds. We've got Robert Tate, a freshman out of Santa Cruz. He's 12-7 on the year here at 145 pounds and he's taking on Luke Kieshaw, a junior coach by Rudy Gozman and Pete Mayasis. He's 20-6 on the year and he's ranked number 15 in CCS and he beat Tate in the final seconds of their match in the dual meet this season. Tate, you can see the body types here are drastically different. Tate, kind of a short lower build. Kieshaw, long, lanky, very athletic and toned and it looks like there's an overhook here on Kieshaw. Tate, one of those guys that just keeps coming forward. Like a little mini pit bull. Up Santa Cruz, familiar Santa Cruz singlet, gray and orange. Should be red, right? It does look orange. I guess that would be considered cardinal red if my fashion sense isn't disappearing. We're 2-1 right now, I believe. Nice double leg. Shot there by Luke Kieshaw. Tate tried a counter with some type of throw. Kieshaw anticipates. That ends up with two point takedown as they go out of bounds. Luke Kieshaw is an outstanding athlete by the way. Really, really good baseball player as well. His brother Jake Kieshaw plays catcher for Cabrillo College and Bob Kittle's program over there. Jake was a former wrestler at Aptos a couple of years ago and Luke seems to be following in his brother's footsteps with baseball and wrestling. Luke was a finalist last year in the league championships at a controversial loss of an early pin call. Took second place and it's really fired him up this season to try and take home the big prize here. High crotch shot there by Tate as the time runs out, fought off by Kieshaw. We're still a 2-1 rusty. And as you mentioned, Kieshaw of Aptos. 15th in all of the CCS. Very few top 20 rankings in the tournament tonight so it just goes to show you. Munney Leeds. Cooper Tate is in the bottom position for Santa Cruz. Luke Kieshaw is a pretty good rider, likes to sink legs as you can see there. Right now he's looking a little bit for, bring that other leg up. A lot of people on the east coast were in front of him calling it a banana split. It's a very painful maneuver. Absolutely and he took fifth at Jim Root as well as I'm noticing here. Jim Root is a very, very tough tournament. Eighth at the Weber Lawson. So we got a nice cradle rock back from there out of bounds. Cooper Tate has been wrestling in the middle school level. Obviously you can tell just by his style that this is not his first year wrestling. And to be able to come in as a freshman and be here in the league finals says a lot about his future. No. Kieshaw keeping both legs in control. Tate back down on the mat. Looking for that half nose. He's keeping... His dad Luke and Luke's dad Carl was a former state place winner in Oklahoma. So you can tell that there's some wrestling genes in that family. It's an outstanding family. The Kieshaw's one of the most supportive families that Aptos has is Mom, Jody. Oh, there's some back points right there. Got him in a nice cradle. There's two. We're up to four to one now. Kieshaw is leading. Four to one. He's riding tough. We got a locking hands right there. So it's going to be a point coming back to Tate. Kieshaw locking his hands right there. You probably saw that on the camera. Yeah, like I mentioned, he looks like a mini pit bull to me. That's correct. Tate also plays football and baseball along at Santa Cruz High. Lo and behold, he also lists his hobbies as, believe it or not, rusty working out with weights. So right here what you're going to notice is that they're choosing what's called an optional freestyle start. Tate is going to allow Kieshaw to get one point of an escape in hopes of taking him down because he feels confident that he can take down Kieshaw on his feet. And that's not working out to his advantage right now as we've got a two point take down. It looks like, oh, referee signals out of bounds. Sometimes a coach will get a particular feeling about a wrestler on the bottom and they think that they have some sort of funky turn so they want their wrestler to have a better shot on their feet, stay away from a reversal. Maybe Coach Aragon, that's what he was feeling at that time. Oh, a nice headlock and he's one foot too short right there rusty. Kieshaw comes in. He's a battler. He's definitely a battler. He's going to keep coming. He's not going to retreat from any challenge. We've got to look at the possible blood. The referees, the officials are doing a fantastic job tonight. If you'll notice that they're not wearing their typical attire of their gray referee shirts. All of the referees are wearing in symbolic honor of Pat Lovell. They're wearing the official Pat Lovell caricature t-shirt. Pat was a long time official for over 50 years rusty and had refereed in several, many, many years of NCA wrestling championships. He's a national wrestling Hall of Fame member. Again, you mentioned earlier, he was on the 1964 Greco-Roman Olympic team. He was the athletic commissioner here here in Santa Cruz County for almost 40 years. We lost a great man. He was a hero to many, but more importantly than anything, Pat was the real deal. What you see is what you get. Great sense of humor and he cared about an awful lot of people. Nice double leg, but there by Kieshaw and he's got a half Nelson that's pretty deep. Couldn't secure it. Tates too strong in that neck position. Going right down to the wire I think. This is probably not the last matchup we're going to see between these two schools. Again, Santa Cruz right now has a lead for as far as the league title goes with their head-to-head matchup winning the tournament. In order for Aptos to win, become the overall league champions for the ninth out of the past 10 years, Santa Cruz would have to finish in third in the tournament. That's not going to happen. So Santa Cruz high is most likely going to walk out of here as being the overall league champions for 2019. But that's not stopping Aptos from trying to hold on to its consecutive league tournament win streak, which is currently at nine years straight. Forcing that head down and Luke Kieshaw is your 2019 league champion at 145 pounds. Got to feel good for Luke. Showing some great sportsmanship right there. That's the way it should be done. Show respect to your opponent. Congratulations to Luke and his coaching staff rooting Guzman and Pete Maestes. Yeah, maybe there three more times. So we got 152 pounds coming up. Ethan Robinson also of Santa Cruz. Coast again by Emiliano, Aragon, Cody Kiff, and Dan Whiting. And Samuel Hugie. Hugie, thank you for the pronunciation of Soquel. Soquel with its first finalist. Coach by Shane Torres and Angel Leone. Shane has actually been a coach for Soquel now for at least seven or eight years. If I'm not mistaken, I just, I remember the days when Shane was actually wrestling in these finals himself. He's been a long time successful MMA fighter. And if you take a look at his cauliflower years, you'll obviously see how many years he's been doing it. Finally making appearance here in the finals. Sam Hugie. Take down there by Hugie with a nice double leg before they go out of bounds. Referee, Dader Bansik making the call. Ethan Robinson, Rusty, he's only a freshman. He's nine and six. He took first at the Don Bosco tournament. Mr. Hugie is eight and three as you mentioned. Two tournament placings from what I see. He jumped up in weight so he's obviously put on some muscle going from 138 to 152. He looks a little stockier than he did last year. He's definitely got some size advantage over Ethan Robinson of Santa Cruz. Ethan's got some hobbies. He loves to BMX racing and dirt biking. And he does some jujitsu on the side it says. Absolutely. You guys got him on his back. He's got a Santa Cruz guy on his back. He's looking to secure the pin and moving towards the outer circle. And there's the fall right at the corner. Good job Shane Torres. He's really done a fantastic job with that program. I remember the days when they used to have five or six wrestlers and this year I noticed that they were up around 20 to 25 wrestlers so the Soquel Knights are making some progress for sure. So we've got 160 pounds. We've got Douglas Hamam again from Soquel. And he's a sophomore. He's in the Navy Blue Singlet making on Tyler Slay, a league finalist last year. Coach by Rudy Guzman, Miguel Barranco and Pete Maestes. Tyler Slay has had a very successful year. He's 23 and 12. He's currently ranked 12th in CCS. Took fifth in the Pat Lovell Memorial tournament which is about 80 schools in that tournament Rusty including three states. Taking fifth in that tournament was huge. A huge step for Tyler's development who's a senior. He's taken first at Don Bosco, fourth at El Camino and he's taken sixth at Jim Roots. So he's had a really successful season in his final campaign. You can tell Slay has that chicken wing in pretty deep but he's trying to open it up. Trying to get Heyman to move in a position that he can capitalize. Trying to stay behind him and stay in control. Not too much movement out of Heyman but he's trying to take advantage of any crack in the wood here. Both out of bounds still 2-0 33 seconds left. Tyler Slay would like to say a big thank you to his dad Chris Slay for being there every step of the way and I can definitely attest to that. Chris Slay Tyler's dad is a fantastic human being great dad very supportive of both his sons endeavors and Tyler's come a long way here for Aptos wrestling. He's come a stalwart in the lineup the last two years. He's got that half opening up right there. That's what Tyler's been waiting for. He's got a wrist lock half Nelson. Trying to turn him over right here and time runs out and it doesn't look like you got any back points there. Choice goes to Soquel. Soquel chooses the bottom position hoping to get an escape or a reversal to get on the board here. The second period starting. Two points scored in that first third. Two to nothing. Two to nothing we got a nice reversal here. Not a reversal but Haydom's trying to get a reversal here. Trying to hook his leg but it's a nice cross face there by Tyler. He's got a leg hooked in. What he's trying to do is he's trying to open up his hips a little bit take him to his back. It's just one point escape but Soquel wrestler charges Tyler Slay and it looks like he's going to oh he's trying to hit a splatle there for a second. Very rare strategy used by wrestlers. Knock up here. Two to one right now slaying. Slaying the lead. Seeing the corner of Aptos. Oh there's a nice two point take down right there. Keeping secure of that elbow. Shoulder region. I think Tyler thinks that he can really turn him here and he is. Just got to tighten up right there. Alright so Haydom four to one. Four to one right now. Tyler Slays working tough on top. You can see in the corner Rudy Guzman assistant coach Johnny Velez with a very sporty looking tie over there Johnny. Nice hat by the way. Only a soft one against the very experienced Tyler Slay. And hips are up and Haydom coming out the back door. There's two near fall for Slay. Haydom trying to get a one point escape here. He hasn't been able to break free yet and out of bounds they go. Haydom's coached again by Shane Torres, Angel Leon and a Mitchell. He's also on the football team and track team at Soquel High School. Great football field. They're facilities. They're really doing a nice job over there. It looks like things are really coming up in terms of their fields and that they use. I know the football fields used by the soccer team and the cross team. It's just a nice area. Blue ball right next to it. Haydom's in danger of locking his hands it looks like there for a second. Trying to cradle up Slay here in the third period. 6-1 Slay up top. Slay trying to get his hips out. Trying to maintain some hand control. A lot of people don't realize that Tyler Slay is also a nationally ranked racer like a car racer. He goes to national tournaments all those little box cars that they race. I don't know the official title of it but I've known Tyler doing that activity for a long time and he competes in national tournaments all the time. Hey there's a two point takedown for Tyler towards the edge of the mat. Aptos really looking for a pin here at this point trying to gain that extra point or two to close that gap with Santa Cruz. At this point you're gaining a certain amount of points for first place. A certain amount of points for second place but you get that pin. You get a couple bonus points here. That might help the team chase and he's looking like he's going to do it. 23 seconds is a lot of time left if Tyler can settle here.  We've got another three near fall there. Nothing to be ashamed there. Major decision for Tyler Slay when Tyler probably thought he was probably going to get a pin. Mr. Hannum, a lot less experience than Tyler. Nothing to hang his head on there. Coming up, 170 pounds. We've got Kailin Swan of SLV. Junior will be in the red and black Cougars. That's what it is. I said zebra earlier. I know that my friend would take offense to that. Since they are the Cougars, they're not the zebras. Rusty? Yeah, I may have to get out of town quick here. Lucas Dara from Harbour making their first appearance tonight in the finals. Coached by brand new coach here at Harbour High, Jay Reyes and Mike LeBou. Lucas Dara is two and three on the year. He's a senior and right now he's falling victim to a double chicken wing which you rarely see in wrestling anymore. Used to be a very popular move back in the 60s, 70s, even 50s. You just don't see a double chicken wing anymore. It's going retro. SLV also in the top 20 rankings of CCS in 17. He's got a 17 and 7 record. Again Kailin Swan is coached by longtime coach Ken Paulastrini who actually used to be an assistant coach for Santa Cruz many, many moons ago. Sorry Ken, but it was many moons ago that you were at Santa Cruz. Kailin Miller, Colin Miller, sorry assistant coach and Danny Urbansik and Brett Swan rounding out the coaching staff. So we got Apple Cider, Swan took 5th, took 6th and Weber Lawson in 1st and Don Bosco. I'm sure the fact that Lucas Dara is here in the finals for Harbour that he's just darn glad to be here. Let's see here, Swan of Junior. Hey, there goes that double chicken wing again Rusty. He's trying to turn Dara over here with about 5 seconds left. Not going to be able to do it. Not on Mr. Dara's watch in the first two periods here. Swan choosing the neutral position. Harbour wrestler deferred to SLV. We've got 2 minutes about to begin again. Second period 4-0 Swan of SLV. I want to thank all the fans for coming out tonight. This really is like the nice takedown by Dara. Coming right back with a strong takedown scoring two points.  Oh, his head's high right now. Swan is trying to grab that head. There he goes with a two point reversal. He's got a pretty deep half right now. Very deep half. Nelson is in good position. Plenty of time left on the clock and there you go. 2019 SCCL League Champion Kailin Swan. That's unfortunate Rusty. Marcos Reyes who became the all time leading running back in Aptos High history this year is going to accept a forfeit. There is nobody in the 182 final weight class in this tournament and if you look at Marcos's resume, I'm sure some of the other wrestlers moved either down or up a weight class away from Mr. Reyes. He came in to today's tournament ranked fourth in the CCS and has taken second in Jim Root, second in El Camino and second in Overfield and right now he's being looked at by many football colleges around the country. And in the finals the last two years it's a league championship and an easy one. But now we move on. Here we go at 195 pounds. This is a rematch from a couple weeks ago in their dual mate Juan Rosales and a junior from Santa Cruz taking on James Superfly Plotero who is 10-6 on the air and he's ranked 15th in CCS Rosales is 7-4 third in the Don Bosco Tournament, fifth in the Weber Lawson Tournament Plotero comes in and took fifth at El Camino James Plotero wearing the black and Rosales again in the Cardinal Orange as Rusty says 12th ranked CCS James has him on a nice lock from behind and he's got a two point take down like referee Nate Urbancic trying to see if he was locking hands on the mat and Superfly was just too sneaky at the time Oh! He ran right into a headlock but Plotero doesn't stay there. He's coming out the back door it seems. He's trying to get that head free but just can't get out. So we've got a two point take down James kind of rushed right into a flying headlock there the mat made a huge sound that you would have made Vince McMahon proud one point escape for Plotero now it was a score to 4-3 with 10 seconds left in the first period yeah it was a the choice goes to Plotero who defers and then Rosales looks like he's heading down into the southern position. Rosales not unlike any other teenager in this world these days Rusty is a big avid video game player and he also plays football for the Cardinals of Santa Cruz High School. One point escape by Rosales scores now 5-3 in favor of the Husky guy in the Cardinal Orange. Sorry Emiliano but I don't have my regular seeing glasses on tonight I have to agree with Rusty it looks more orange than red I'm sure you'll give me a text message later on correcting me like Greco Roman wrestling very very happy about that style yes Pat would be giving him tips as he'd be sitting here calling the action 1 minute to go James was a finalist last year in the league championships really came on strong at the end of the year for the Aptos Mariners it became a real staple in the lineup everybody on the team very popular guy for his personality great sense of humor just a likeable personable individual the Superfly because he used to have long curly hair like Jimmy Superfly snooker the professional wrestler from the 70's and 80's oh near side cradle there by Platero but can't lock it up turns into 2 for Rosales maybe Platero got to come out the back door again couldn't hold it brings a score to 7-3 James Platero again it's 10-6 on the year he's a collector of I'm not quite sure what this says or even if it's appropriate for the year but he collects them he is also a big fan of hard core Halo and I'm guessing that's a video game again 7-4 again Santa Cruz winning as we head into the third period Rosales with a 1 point lead over Platero of Aptos there's a 1 point escape it should be this could be a growing upset I'm just going to throw that out the window these guys have a similar body structure he's got a caution for stalling on the Santa Cruz wrestler Rosales just backing up obviously James is putting pressure on him right now he's known for that style of trying to keep after you he's only a take down away and we've got plenty of time left on the clock it's 1-26 he stops the shot from Rosales comes around to the near side he's got a look trying to get a near side credo but he gets stuck on his knees he gets behind him somehow but if he's going on the buzz it he's got to keep going and oh a 2 point take down called at the edge of the map by referee Nathan Urbansik I think Johnny Velez assistant coach let's do question that call a bit obviously Johnny's person now he's not going to argue assistant coach Pete Mayestas remaining calm in the corner that's probably going to be great 9-5 Rosales again Platero coached by Rudy Guzman in his first year as head coach of Aptos but he was an assistant coach for 15 years Pete Mayestas Ramon Zacharias long time assistant coach Johnny Velez and Miguel Barranco we got 2 for Platero and that brings the score to 9-8 Rusty 51 seconds we got plenty of time Platero signaling that he's going to allow Rosales to get 1 point for Afribe he's going to take his chances on his left here James trying to get to the outside and here comes the he's got to lock that elbow up continues to attack Rosales you can see the whole Aptos contingent pretty much over in that corner cheering on the Superfly right now 24 seconds left he's a takedown he needs a takedown right now Rosales gets a 2 point takedown and he's getting back points and now it's going to do it looks like Santa Cruz he's takedown Aptos here James Platero coming up short just short but with a gallon effort and Juan Rosales is here 2019 at CCDL League Champion great job by both guys lots of action from the start to finish coming up at 220 for Harbor long time veteran wrestler Danny Cruz Danny's been in his share of finals before outstanding wrestling formerly placed at the Pat Lovell classic last season which again that's a very tough tournament Danny's routinely been ranked in the top 20 in CCS over the last couple of years but I'm not seeing a ranking right now for him he's 7-3 on the year which seems to me like a low number of matches for a guy like Danny Cruz's caliber perhaps he was nursing an injury at the start of the season he's a senior coached by first year head coach Jay Reyes and Mike Labou Daniel Felix on the mat duking it out with him at Harbor High School Junior the Taco King Felix haha just noticed that Daniel the Taco King Felix record of 11-3 14 pretty high for a Santa Cruz guy he ranked in the top 14 top 15, top 20 that's pretty impressive again a true reflection of the job that Coach Aragon's been doing with that program Daniel Felix took first place at the Jim Root tournament Rusty was the champion at 220 he also placed fourth at the El Camino tournament and also the cold classic tournament which is up in El Camino up in the Bay Area no point scored yet 20 seconds to go in the first period nice take down there by Danny Cruz he's a well-schooled wrestler he's had several coaches over the last few years Mr. Cruz has and he's had formerly Steven Batisto coaching down in Bakersville area right now rather a Brian Batisto former league champion and CCS champion who's wrestling at Cal State Bakersville he's also been coached by a number of years by Greg Lopez longtime harbor coach with this one Danny Cruz of Santa Cruz and Daniel Felix of Harbor and Cruz as you mentioned so many league championships but yet it's Felix he has the higher rank in CCS yeah he seems to be the more busier guy right now that's the only thing I can guess at is that maybe Danny has been injured this season but at least he's here he's a senior he's getting a shot at nice throw by trying to hit that out of bounds no point scored Danny Cruz got a nice elbow throw by just couldn't capitalize there 220 pounders going at it it's a second to last match of the night heavyweight it's on deck but for now Felix and Cruz with the two point lead two to nothing Danny Cruz of Santa Cruz you know it's interesting that this is probably one of the tougher weight classes in this tournament these two guys have obviously earned their spot in the finals but I'm looking across the mat and there's a big guy over there for the Soquel jacket named Cody Bryan who's been in the league finals for at least three years that I know of and he's watching right now so one of these two guys had to beat Cody Bryan to get here and that was quite an achievement in itself considering that Cody Bryan is considered one of the probably one of the top 20 wrestlers in CCS number eight Cody Bryan's number eight and he was obviously upset by one of these two gentlemen the good thing is that the league's taking three guys to the tournament so all three of these guys could probably be facing each other at one time or another in the sectional tournament next week which is held at Independence High School the action's kicking off on Friday continuing in on Saturday and this year they'll be hosting the girls CCS and the guys CCS all under one roof now we've got some points on the board six to two to Cruz with the knot Danny Cruz six to trying to put Harbour on the bowl it looked like he was trying to hit a throw there but and Danny Danny Felix is kind of a tall customer he had some length there in his legs to be able to reach out and balance himself neutral position here to begin the third period six to Danny Cruz still in the lead both guys locking up now one thing that I've always known about Danny Cruz both Danny's actually I think that's where we keep getting confused a little bit it's Danny Cruz of Harbour and Danny Felix of Santa Cruz Danny Cruz there's cruises and there's Danny's we got them both one of the things that I respect about Danny Cruz of Harbour is his style it keeps coming forward it's got a good position he's keeps a good he's a good hand fighter keeps working to improve his position he's always been tough on his feet very hard to take down he's got a low center he's got a low center of gravity he's a smart wrestler but Danny Felix looks like he's got some physical skills himself and he's only a junior which means he's only going to get better next year 7-3 24 seconds left both guys not giving an inch to the other the officials doing a great job tonight want to thank them for being here want to also say thank you to CTV camera crew working hard here on a Friday night here in San Lorenzo Valley High School and there's a reversal throw by Danny Cruz but figure out of bounds or he ran out of time at the same time there you go your 2019 SCCAL league champion from Harbour Danny Cruz hey Rusty we're about to see the big boys final match of the evening folks 14 weight classes coming to a close right here 286 is the weight limit actually with the 2 pound allowance they get in January it's now up to 288 we've got John Garcia Gonzalez of Soquel short combination Isaac my bad, Isaac Garcia Gonzalez of Soquel he's a freshman and he's on his back right now and we've got a pin that didn't take long by Benjamin Williams Benjamin had a pretty good year he took third place at Don Bosco and seventh at Jim Root interesting enough one of Ben's hobbies Rusty we should say this is sarcasm what a way to end the evening six individual champions it's a good number to have a good run down who are league champions are Alex Zacharias Forfeiture Aptos High School the 106th league champion Russell Palms the winner at 113 pounds Eli Galster with a pin at 120 pounds Aptos High School Eli Galster with the pin run 20 also with a pin of Santa Cruz the champion at 126 pounds at 132 pounds it was Christian Montoya of Aptos with the pin and in that wild wild match the wildest of the night I think at 138 pounds was Kevin Chavez that was a wild match at 145 Luke T-Shaw Aptos he's got him Tyler Slay Aptos the winner at 160 pounds at 170 it was Kaelin Swann Ben Swann out of San Luis Valley High School so a favorite here at the home gym at the Cougars at 182 the fourth is Marco Reyes from Aptos the league champ Juan Gonzalez at 195 the champ from Santa Cruz Danny Cruz at 220 champion at Harvard Benjamin Williams from Santa Cruz High School so we'll have to wrap it up here right quick my hunch is that even with the six champions the fact that Santa Cruz had five is that Aptos probably couldn't close the gap enough to win the league tournament we're going to see a new league champion this year we're going to see Santa Cruz High School become the first league champions that they've had in about 10 years and congratulations to coach Emiliano Aragon and his group of fighting Cardinals and Orange that's great congratulations to Santa Cruz Cardinals so that's going to do it I appreciate you sitting at the table my pleasure out of the coaching booth and into the announcers booth my pleasure thank you very much thank you for having me Rusty and again


How are you today? We are here with another Explorations of Me page for February. And our prompts or topics this month, munch, hello. Guys, how are you today? We are here with another page for Explorations of Me for February, if I can speak correctly this time. Our top, or our top, hello, hey. Hey everybody. We're here for another Explorations of Me page for February, 2019. Our prompt or topic this month is, what is your favorite skill or talent? How did you learn it? Was it from childhood school or life experience? I don't know what to do with this one, to be honest with you. I think I'm going to go back to sort of my roots with this whole project, which started for me with Negativity Smackdown. And I think I'm going to take a cue from that. In those days, I always started my pages with journaling, I would journal over the whole page. Now, I'm not going to do that on the journal page, but I think I'm going to write a note to myself. What are the things I like about myself? I think of myself as a kind, caring, creative person. That doesn't mean I'm perfect. In fact, I'm far from it. I'm human. So if I have the occasional day where I just want to smack somebody in the face, well, you know, I'm only human. It happens. So while I don't expect myself to be perfect, I do think of myself as kind, caring and creative. And I love that about myself. And the thing I think that the words on the page are going to be the thing I like best about you is you. None of this comes easily for me because it's really easy for most of us, myself included, to think of the negative things. It always has been, but I hope I'm getting better about it. So anyway, we're going to start our page writing a note to myself. I hope you do the same and then we will take it from there. I'm going to speed forward through my process and I'll be right back. Okay. Shaky camera. Hopefully, I didn't get my head in the shot too many times while doing that. That went together actually a lot quicker and easier than I thought it would once I had the letter written. I used some bits and pieces that were on my desk and my typewriter, as you saw, once I got the sticky ribbon to work, to type the quote, what I like best about you is you. And I did a little bit of journaling. The note that I wrote is here behind this feather and some bits of paper I have from an Etsy seller. He had some really cool paper packs and one of my Shrinky Dinks, one of the few that actually turned out well. Anyway, I really like the page. It's simple, quick, easy. They don't all have to be complicated. Just create a page, express yourself and play and have fun. Most importantly, whatever you do with the prompt, do something positive with it. I don't want you to beat yourself up about what you think is wrong with you. I want you to celebrate what's right with you. So that's it for today. Don't forget to go watch everybody else's videos. Like, share, and subscribe to all the channels, if you would. That would be great. If you want to send me Happy Mail or stalk me on social media, as my friend Shannon Green would say, you can click the link tree link in the description below and you'll find me every place I am on the internet, my Etsy shop, my Patreon, Instagram, Facebook, all that stuff. So go check it out. My Happy Mail address is down there, all that stuff. So check it out. And above all, play, have some fun, and go out and do something nice for yourself because you deserve it. And I'll see you later. Bye, guys.


Right. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to your new day session. Let me just start off this session with a word of prayer. So can anyone of us please lead us in prayer? Samu, can you lead us in prayer? Sure, Pastor. Thank you. Heavenly Father, we thank you for this time. We thank you for this Providence where we could come together and learn about church history and missions. We could learn from Pastor Paul Emmanuel and we dedicate the pastor into your hands for the Spirit, fill him with your wisdom, with your understanding, with your peace.  We dedicate everyone who is present in this class, may your Spirit, your understanding, your peace be upon us so that we can pay attention, we can learn, we can be inspired and we remain faithful to all these learnings so that we can extend your kingdom, we can be a channel of your blessing and we can bless others who are in need of you. Thank you again, we dedicate this time, this hour, we thank you for everything that you've done for us and the precious name of Jesus. Amen. Amen. Thank you, Samu. Okay, let's just do a little bit of a review of what we did yesterday. Okay, yesterday we saw how God used simple people, people who had nothing with them, no financial backing, people who had no high qualifications, yet God used them so powerfully. We looked at the layman's revival, how God used laymen with a burden in their heart to pray in the afternoons during their work time. And those meetings went up to 10,000s of people that eventually the entire world was following this timing of prayer, where Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Britain, Germany, hundreds of places, people gathered together so there was a move of the Holy Spirit there. And we also looked at revival in England, how God raised up missionaries and evangelists like Charles Spurgeon, D. L. Moody. And we looked at three wonderful women of God who, you know, God so powerfully used. One was Mary Slesser who went into Africa. And again, they were able to do so much with just less facilities, less financial backup. You know, Mary Slesser herself went into Africa, abolished the whole thing of killing of twins, set up orphanages there and set up educational institutions as well in Africa. Then we also looked at Amy Carmichael who came to India as a missionary, volunteered in China, then came to India, came to South India, spent 55 years of her life just serving the poor, serving the, you know, orphaned children. She also began to rescue children and girls and men, boys from temple prostitution. And then she also raised up many orphanages as well. And then the third woman that we looked at was Aida Skada. Aida Skada who did a wonderful work. She was in India. She went to the U.S., studied, came back, started a, you know, medical dispensary in a small way. Later moved to a 200-acre land now known as the CMC, Christian Medical Center Velor. So from all that we've, you know, read and studied, so evident that sometimes God, if God has to use us, he expects us to just step out into the unknown, step out into, out of our comfort zone. Right? So there will be times when God will ask us to step out of our comfort zone. So, you know, especially now during these days, you know, comfort is something that is very easily acquired, right? And during these times, we don't have to struggle and praise God for that. Praise God for the, you know, the equipment and the things that we have that help to live a comfortable life. Praise God for that. But this comfortable life should not stop us or should not be a hindrance from us to, you know, step out into the unknown, step out into what God is calling us to do. You know, yesterday, we were just enduring our family prayer, we were praying and I was reminded of, you know, it's been four years here in Bangalore this April, coming April 2022 will be four years.  We are actually from Bangalore. So we moved from Bangalore to a city of, of course it's not a big change.  It was not easy, right? A lot of films within the church asked me, Paul, how are you going to manage? There's nobody in Bangalore that you don't know anyone. There's no family. There's no friends. You've got two small kids. How are you going to manage? Yes, when you think of it in the natural, this is very difficult. And, you know, it's always good to be with family and be with people that you know. But when you think of it in the natural, it becomes a difficulty and you feel that, okay, it's better I stay here in my comfort zone. But God is always a God who takes us out of our comfort zone. Right? So when we pray, when we ask God, when he leads us to certain things, prayerfully consider them. Right? So even as we moved to Bangalore, it was very difficult. Very, very difficult, right? We were about 10 people in the church and the weather was different. The people were different and the culture here is different and everything was so different and we had two small children. You know, but when we look back, we're so grateful that we are loved God to help us make this change. Right? Now, the reason I'm sharing this is because sometimes we get comfortable in our place. Right? Of course, we all have a calling, we all have our gifts, but God expects us. Right? And we look at these wonderful men, women of God, they came out of their comfort zone. Even as we looked from the first century, we saw how even through the Roman Catholic oppression, it did not deter them. People came out of their comfort zone. People were willing to do something and leave a mark for the sake of the gospel. And we see here also such wonderful men and women of God letting go of all the comforts that they were in. They were in developed countries, but they were willing to go into smaller cities and towns, smaller countries, underdeveloped countries, and minister of the gospel. And because of these people, we have a greater way of reaching out to people. We have the gospel being spread in these countries here, in our nation as well, in India. So it's such a joy. Actually, if you study about Aida Skadar, who started the CMC, she was so upset with her parents because she used to tell her parents, why did you come to India? What made you all to come to India? Couldn't you have chosen a different country? Because when she was young as a small girl, she saw girls being ill-treated. She saw girls being kidnapped and sexually assaulted and all these things. She has seen it when she was in India. So she used to tell her, why did you come to India? Can we go from here? But her parents were like, no, we have come here. We will live here.  And so when she went to America to study, she was very happy. She said, I'm never going to step foot into India again. But God had different plans. God just touched her heart. She came back to India. And even now, Christian Medical Center is one of the largest hospitals in our nation and even in Asia. They boast of the best equipment, best highest rate of recoveries as well. So it's really encouraging to study these. Let's move on. Let's look at a few more missionaries and few more revivals. And after that, maybe next class, we will look at some of the key observations. So we've done all these. We've completed from the first century church to date. So what are the key observations? Maybe that we'll look into at the next class. So let's pick up from where we stop, page 52. And we're going to start with Smith Wigglesworth. Now, Smith Wigglesworth is in the early mid-1800s. Now, God called him as an apostle of faith and he was used by God to heal the sick, cast out demons, raise the dead. So Smith Wigglesworth was a shot man, very dynamic in his speech. It is said that he had microphones in his vocal cords. He was so valiant in his work. It is said that he would stay up day and night just praying for the sick. And many times people did not receive healing. Many times people received healing. And so he would not give up on them. He would continue to pray and pray and pray. And God used him in that way. One of the, you know, an event that happened written by his colleague, missionary colleague of his, they were going into some town in England. And when he went there, the meetings were for about three, four days, conventions and meetings. So they expected crowds of 10,000, 15,000 people at one time. So this one night, one evening, the whole day they were preaching, and Smith Wigglesworth was tired. And he came back home to the hotel room that they had for him and his companion. And during the night, this is written by his companion who stayed with him at that time. During the night, there was a, you know, sound and, you know, apparently demons were making so much sound, the tables were all shaking, the chairs were shaking, the bed was shaking. And his, this companion of his could not sleep and he was trembling in fear. But Smith Wigglesworth was fast asleep because he was very tired. And so his friend and companion woke up Smith Wigglesworth and said, look what's happening. You know, demons are trying to disturb us and shaking the table. All the things from the tables are falling off and Smith Wigglesworth woke up. He looked at it, he looked at what's happening and he said, okay, it's only you. I'll see you tomorrow. And he went back to sleep.   So I'll see you tomorrow. So that event really shook up this, you know, this companion, but it shook him in such a way that he decided to go back home. But Smith Wigglesworth was known for that. He would pray and demons will flee. Sick people were made free also. Then we look at John G. Lake, another young man. He gave up a successful newspaper in real estate business and he began to minister healing. Now John G. Lake's ministry is a powerful ministry. There are plenty of books on it. Many of them have written about his revival, the outpouring that happened during his time. He spent a lot of time in South Africa and after about five years in South Africa, John G. Lake saw 10 lakh people who converted and gave their lives to Christ. Planted hundreds of churches, raised up about 1000 local ministries. And then after spending this, all this happened in five years. 10 lakh believers, hundreds of churches, thousands of ministries, local ministries were started. After returning back to the U.S., he started something called as the healing room. Even now, when in some churches, plenty of churches have something called as a healing room where they would take people who are sick or people who are sick can go into the healing room and you have leaders and pastors, leaders praying over them for healing. He started something called as the healing rooms and over 100,000 people reported healing during this time. It was in this phase where Washington was pronounced as the healthiest city in the United States because of this ministry of John G. Lake. There's so much more that John G. Lake went through. Even in his younger days, people ridiculed him. People were unaware. They were not comfortable in the way he would minister. There were a lot of difficulties that he went through. That's why he didn't want to get into ministry. He always wanted to do some kind of a business. He became a successful businessman, but later on, God called him to full-time ministry. This ministry of John G. Lake impacted hundreds and thousands of lives. Lives were touched so powerfully. Healings had become a normalcy. We must understand now this is almost the early 1900s. During this time, there was a lot of... On the flip side of the coin, we've been studying revivals and all of that, but on the flip side, on the other side, there was a lot of influence of the Greek influence that was moving across the world. That was more of worship of pagan gods, calling on spiritualism, like praying to the stars, praying to the moon, all kinds of other new kind of doctrines had started up. We must remember where the work of the Holy Spirit is. The enemy is also trying his best to stop it. It's not like revival is happening and everything is alright. There are places where the work of the enemy was very prevalent. A lot of these who were revivalists were later... Even when we look at key observations, we would look at some of their failures, how they fell to sin. Of course, God used them to do powerful works, but even through all of that, the enemy was able to cause them to sin, cause them to fall, which also had an effect on the body of Christ. Even as we look at this century as well, God has used many powerful leaders, many powerful prophets and evangelists, but many of them have also fallen. It's very important that if God is using us to also remember that there's an enemy trying to stop the work of God. It's reminded of what Peter writes. He says the enemy is like a roaring lion trying to devour his people. Yes, there was a work of God, but the enemy was also doing his work. It could not be as strong as the Holy Spirit, because the Holy Spirit was just moving so powerfully. I was reading this book which said that if the enemy wants to destroy or stop a ministry, he's going to start from top and then come down. Even us as leaders, we may be leading in the church, we may be pastors, some of us, we are to be doubly careful in our lives. We need to keep, protect our lives from every angle, every sight. We say, God, you have called me for this, help me to be faithful, cover me, and then we continue to live out our life day after day in the presence of God. But remember that the enemy starts off from top. If he wants to destroy a work, he starts from the top and then goes down. So, yes, there were many challenges that people went through during these times as well. Amy Simphle McPherson was an evangelist, a healing evangelist, and she started something called as the Four Square Churches. That was the name of her ministry, the Four Square Gospel, and she planted plenty of churches, about 1,700 churches in the US, and there were about 66,000 meeting places around the world. So, this comes to an end of the 19th century. We come into the 20th and the 21st century, so a time when maybe most of us may have heard of ministries during these times. So, this is more recent to what we have been studying. So, let's look at a few of them. Charles Fox Parham. Now, on page 52, Charles Fox Parham was a young man, an itinerant evangelist, and he was longing for an outpouring of God. He would pray every day. He would seek the word. He said that he would pray saying that, God, you have done all of this in the past. These revivals. You should do it even now. So, he was burdened in his heart to see revival. He spent many a days, many a nights, praying and what he did was, he started a small Bible school with about 40 students and he said, okay, we're going to study the book of Acts. We're going to study how in the book of Acts the Holy Spirit was poured out upon people and what happened after that. And so, all the students began to study when Charles Fox began to study about the book of Acts and after a period of studying, they came to this conclusion. Now, if we have to see revival, we have to do two things. One, humble ourselves to pray. Prayer, humble ourselves and pray. And the more we do that, the more the outpouring of the Holy Spirit is going to come. And then they said, okay, how do we know that the outpouring has happened? One of the best signs is speaking in tongues. And so, Charles Fox with his 40 students, they would spend days and nights continually praying for a revival. Then there came a time when they started having small meetings in different places and hundreds and people started coming. Thousands of people started coming and then they realized, okay, we need to stop doing all the other what we call normal activities and we need to dedicate our time to prayer and reading of the Word of God. So what happened was many of them experienced the outpouring and the name of the college was Bethel Bible College in Kansas and many of them experienced the move of the Holy Spirit. Great outpouring. People from different countries started to come and they wanted to attend Bethel Bible College in Kansas and he opened later on Parham, Charles Fox, he opened up a new Bible college or Bible school in Houston and when he was there, a great man named William J. Seymour, we'll talk about him later on. His name is maybe, you know, familiar. He started the Azusa Street Revival. William J. Seymour came to attend this school. He was again baptized by the Holy Spirit and God used William J. Seymour to do a great revival in England. So Charles Fox started with what he had. It is said that his Bible school didn't have facilities. He started in a, you know, in a house which he had rented out for a while and then later on, we don't know how they managed with hundreds and thousands of people but God provided. If God is, you know, making a move or if there is an outpouring, God will provide the means as well, right? So hundreds and thousands of people graduated out of this Bible college which started with 40 people, right? 40 people. Simple, small beginnings. Out of the 40, it is said that most of them were girls and he was a little bit worried, okay, we wanted to, you know, we wanted also people, men who can, you know, it should be a combined effort of men and women but most of them were girls but we see that God used them. God used them so powerfully that the message of the gospel went through different parts. People came from different parts of the world to encounter what is happening in this better Bible college. Then we look at John Hyde in the early 1900s, John Hyde and he's an American Presbyterian missionary, John Nelson Hyde. He was known as the praying Hyde. Now, he was a man of prayer, right? When we say prayer, he would pray for hours. There are times that, you know, John Hyde came to India, right? He came to a place in Punjab called Sailcoat and when he came to Punjab, he began to pray for revival in Punjab. He said, God, make a move in this place. Hyde began prayer meetings, which started with about 10 people. He would pray from 10 a.m., 10 p.m. to 6 a.m., right? He would wake up, he would go drink some tea or drink some water. He would kneel and he would pray, right? That's why he was called the praying Hyde. He would pray and pray and pray nights after nights. There were times when his church people would say, you need to rest. You can't do this. You need to eat. You need to rest. You need to eat. You need to rest to help you do ministry. But he said, no, until I see revival, until I see an outpouring, I will not rest. And he prayed and prayed and prayed. He said that when he died, you know, he had like camel hooves on his knees, right? Camel hooves. You've seen that, you know, his knees were bent in because of the times of praying on his knees. And also in his, you know, prayer room, his study room in his, in Punjab, a sale quote. I don't know if it's still a site of remembrance or a place where people have kept that open. But it is said that next to his bed, there were two small holes on the ground. The ground itself had two small holes. And then somebody asked him, what are those two holes on the ground? And they said that that is John Hyde's knees that he would spend hours on his knees praying. So what happened was he felt a strong urge that India can be saved only through prayer. And so he started this prayer movement. The Holy Spirit moved. There was a move of God. People were filled with the Holy Spirit. There was a Punjab prayer union. There was a great revival in Punjab. Many prayer rooms were open. Churches were packed. People began to search for places to sit. People came, or came in for hopeful nights of prayers. Imagine, so you're talking about a nation like India and that too in Punjab. And people came for entire night prayers. I don't think anybody will do it now. Even with our AC halls and comforts and fans and all of those things, we won't be able to do an entire night of prayer. But they did nights of prayer, entire night praying for the nation, praying for people. And then because of that, there was an outpouring in Punjab. Many people, many Sikhs accepted Christ. But later on it said that, you know, many of them did not get rid of their turbans and all of that. They kept it and they began to testify about Jesus. Many people were killed during this time. Many people were martyred for the sake of the gospel. Those who came out of their religion, who accepted Christ were rejected, were scorned upon for the choices that they had made. But the work was already done. The move of the Holy Spirit began to empower people. Punjab began to see an outpouring of God. Missionaries, new ministries were birthed, new pastors, new local churches were formed. Churches began to thrive. Missionaries came in from different parts of the world to India to continue this, you know, outpouring that had already started. So John Hyde, one of his most famous saying was, Lord, give me souls or I die. That was his prayer, give me souls or I'll die. And so he was a man of fervent, fervent prayer.  So he had a servant and he would tell his servant, please come at this time, carry me and put me on my knees next to my bed and because I need to pray. So his servants would say, you don't have to do this. You can pray on your bed. But he said, no, you come. So they would carry him. They would place him on his knees next to his bed and he would say, come back after four or five hours and he would spend those four, five hours just praying. History says that he also passed away in that position as he was kneeling and praying on his bed. He also breathed his last on his knees and what a sacrifice, what a sacrifice coming from America, coming into our nation, coming into Punjab, starting over, touching many lives and starting many ministries that are even continuing to this day. Thousands of people brought to Christ through this ministry. And we look at another woman named Pandit Ramabai and she started the Mukti Mission Revival. Pandit Ramabai was a Brahmin, born a Brahmin family but she became a believer in Christ. Now the moment she became a believer a few years later she started something called as the Sharda Sadan which is a house of learning. Basically this was in Bombay for people who were, the Brahmins, what they would do is the young girls would be married off to older Brahmin men maybe because of their culture and also because they were Brahmins and also because of financial, they have a lot of things set for the family, material things, everything was set. So what they would do was they would marry off these young girls to elderly Brahmin men and so those men would die and then these girls would be about very young, 20, 21 years old. So what she would do, Pandit Ramabai, she would take these Brahmin girls who were widows and she would keep them in their home and teach them the word of God and slowly this Mukti Mission had about 2,000 girls in the school but one of the things that Pandit Ramabai, she always prayed for was revival. So she had read about the revivals that happened in Wales so what she said was okay, they prayed. So we need to do the same thing. So she formed prayer teams, prayer groups within the girls and they prayed earnestly for revival. Now the moment they began to pray about six months later there was a powerful outpouring of God. All the 2,000 girls accepted Christ. These 2,000 girls said we want to go out on missions and we want to teach other people and so this whole thing of the Mukti Mission revival it was like a chain reaction. Every time people would come into this home they would experience or encounter the Lord Jesus and they would go out wanting to do ministry and to spread the gospel of Christ. So Pandit Ramabai even though she herself did not go out and do any missions, she stayed in her hometown itself but she was able to experience the move of God with thousands of girls, thousands of people accepted Christ in the city of Bombay. Bombay was known for its prostitution. It was something in the open and she was very instrumental in saving these girls who went out on prostitution. She also saved them. She brought them into these homes, provided them education and they encountered the love of Christ who went out and began to share the gospel. So the same way another person we talk about is the Azusa street revival. Now Azusa street revival was started off by William J. Seymour. Now most of us may know him or we may have heard of William J. Seymour or the Azusa street revival. Now here's what happened. The Azusa street is a narrow street at a commercial complex. So it's just like a T-intersection and at the corner of that intersection was a small like a go down, right? And there were about 50 people in the church. So that street was called the Azusa street. And so William J. Seymour was a young man. I remember he went to Bethel Bible School and he said, okay, he was chosen as a pastor in this church and it was a Pentecost church. So the Azusa street in that place, he began to pray. He said, God pour out your revival like never before because there were times he would go to church. He would open the church and there would be 30 people in the church, 20 people in the church. And so he would be so burdened. He said, why is it we are in a good location? The church is in a good location. Why is it that people are so complacent? Why are they not able to come to church? So he was very burdened on that. So he decided, he tried to do a lot of things. It is said that William J. Seymour was very good. He had very good oratory skills. So he said he thought to himself that he will have these meetings in that meeting, but nobody turned up in those meetings. And there was a time he realized that he has to pray for revival. He began to read books or read articles on how revival happened in the early churches and he was burdened in his heart. He began to form a small prayer group in his house and people's homes. And for three years, they continually prayed for revival. Now, after three years, what happened was there was a massive outpouring. All of a sudden, one Sunday, he opens the church. There are 200 people. What was 30, 40 people? Now there's 200. Then there was 500. All happening in a few weeks. By the end of two months, there were 3,000 people in the church. And so he didn't know what to do. There was no place. People would come with umbrellas and initially where nobody would come to church. He used to open the church and he used to do everything. Now, when he would come to church, the line would go all till the end of the street. People holding umbrellas. So he started new services, 6 a.m. service, 8 a.m. service, 10 a.m. service. So he started different services. All the services were packed. Then he said, okay, we need to move to a bigger place. So they've got a bigger place. And by the end of the revival, there were about 10,000 or people added into the church, his church. And then that movement went in and touched different parts of the world. Iceland, Tanzania, America, Europe, Asia. So that revival began to spread out. What started off in a small prayer group of 50 people, 30 to 50 people, turned out to be 10,000s of people. And William J. Seymour was invited to preach in different countries wherever he went. Later on, those churches or those ministries also experienced an outpouring of God. The Azusa Street revival is known as the most impactful revival because it was a time when England was a completely dry nation. The word was there, the Bibles were there, ministries were there, missions were there, all of it was there. But somewhere down the line, that spiritual fervor had come down. But God used this man, William J. Seymour, to revive what was almost dying. The whole thing, in three years, God powerfully, the outpouring spread like fire. This picture, this main street, you've got a small church of 50 people, nobody even knows about that. Three years later, you've got thousands of people standing outside with umbrellas in the rain to get to place in the church. What was that change? What happened in those three years? Those three years was a year of prayer and dedication and calling out the name of God. God was faithful to answer it. Then the last person that we'll talk about today is Sado Sundar Singh. Now, most of us Indians may have heard and even others may have heard of this man named Sado Sundar Singh, a powerful, powerful man born in a Sikh family in Punjab. He was very hostile towards the Christians. But Sado Sundar Singh came to know Christ through the sale court revival that happened through John Hyde. On his 16th birthday, he accepted the Lord and was baptized on his 16th birthday. Now, as a teenager, he dedicated his life to Christ. He said, this is what I want to do. I want to travel and I want to preach the gospel to places. So he went to Punjab, Kashmir, Afghanistan, parts of Pakistan, spent most of his life as a nomad living in mountainous areas, living among tribes, living among the animals, the dangerous animals. And there are plenty of books and encounters that Sado Sundar Singh had during his walk with God. It is said that when Sado Sundar Singh walked in the streets, people in their homes who were possessed by demons would begin to manifest. He would not even pray for them. He would just be walking down the street. And so they would carry these people. It was a picture of Jesus himself that they would carry these demon-possessed people, sick people. So that's what they did. And Sado Sundar Singh dedicated his entire life just praying and moving from place to place, sharing the gospel. There was this one time when one of the other missionaries wanted to write about Sado Sundar Singh. And as he came for that interview, it is said that they could not take his interview because the person who was taking the interview was convicted of sin. And he was fallen on the ground crying. And so they had to call somebody else to come and take the interview. That man said, I cannot look at his face because the glory of God is upon his face. So we need to postpone this interview. So this is just an example. It didn't happen all the time, it was just an example of how Sado Sundar Singh was. He was a very, very gentle person, very patient. It is said that in another instance, they had called him to do an interview and to talk about what ministry is and how they came to know about Christ. They said that as they were doing the interview, they saw the image of Christ on his face. Meaning like Christ would have been this way because he is so gentle, so tender, so loving, yet so powerful in words and deeds and actions. Sado Sundar Singh was a man of faith. He touched many lives. And again, he also gave his life for the sake of the Gospel. It is said that when he entered nations like Pakistan and Afghanistan, they had plotted to kill him. So I think it was Pakistan, not sure if it's Pakistan or Afghanistan, but one of these two places they plotted, they knew that he was going to come.  But when they went there, they saw his face and the glory of God around him. They said that we cannot go near this man because there are some kind of big angels, big bodyguards around him who protect him. So we cannot attack this man, we cannot kill him. And so all these instances happened in Sado Sundar Singh's life and he again was impactful in reaching to many lives across our nation. All right, so we'll stop here. We have about five minutes more. Any of you have any questions, anything that you want to share, any thoughts that you have, you can feel free to share just five minutes and then we can close. What do you think, maybe some of you can share, what do you think, you know, can we see revival now? What is the things that you feel that we are lacking? All of us, as a body of Christ and even as individuals, what is it that you think that we are lacking? Do you feel that we should, you know, improve on any thoughts on that? Yes, go ahead, Samuel. Listening to these stories, these seem like superhuman, I mean, I don't think it's humanly possible. I don't think that there's anything that I can do from my end to reach any such stature. I mean, the only reasonable answer that I can come up with is, I think these people were 100% surrendered to God. Like they were not like, you know, I'm going to go out and influence people today, but they were more like God used me and whatever you do, whatever you ask me to do, I'll do. And I think that gave me, so it's, I think, very fundamental, but at the same time, it's so hard. Like, because as human beings, we tend to naturally depend on our ability to speak or to think or to do and to give up on that dependency and to rely on God 100%. I think that's what I'm thinking would be needed. Yeah. And thank you, Samuel. Yeah, that's good. That's good thoughts, but I like what you said. They were 100% all out for the sake of the gospel. So that is very true, but Samuel, we all can press on for that. Like you said, you mentioned that, you know, I don't think I would be able to, but we can, you know. Now, just because now, even as we studied, you know, these revivalists, now they did make mistakes. Now they went all out for God, but then they didn't look after their family, right? We studied about, you know, even William Carey, he lost his wife, he lost his kids, his children at a very young age. So now it's important that, yes, God has called us to, you know, call for an outpouring to pray for a revival, but God has also given us the responsibility to look after our family. Now we can't say, okay, no, for example, we have a wife and two small kids, or a small child, right? We can't say, okay, God, I'm all out for the gospel. So leave the wife and children, let them figure out what to do, and you know, that is wrong because, you know, God has, you know, Paul writes to Timothy we don't know how to look after our family, how will we look after the body of Christ, right? Yes, 100% is required, but there's also the aspect of looking after, and later on we also saw that a lot of revivalists, these missionaries, were so, you know, focused on the missions that they also forget their health. A lot of them died at a young age, right? Even now, I forget his name, but he went on the horse back to Africa, to, sorry, to the Native Americans. I don't read on Judson, he died at 27 because of tuberculosis. If he had spent some time, you know, maybe just getting his health treated, he would have been able to do much more than what he was doing. So yes, Samuel, I feel that we can press for that, but also be responsible to look after things that God has put in our place. Yeah. Rose says, we lack commitment and prayer, and we are inconsistent in asking from God. Very true, very true. I believe in that inconsistent is true, because sometimes we ask, then after a couple of months say, okay, God, maybe you don't want it, or maybe God, you want to do it through somebody else. So yes, we don't wait long enough to allow God to move. True, that is true, especially during this time and age when everything is instant. Waiting is something that we don't want to do, but so that's a good learning.  So it's very important to wait on God. And I think, yes, I think this waiting time is the most difficult time because nothing's happening. God, what are you doing? Can you please tell me, is it one year? Is it five years? So that I'd be prepared, and especially when God is not, you know, speaking the way, no dreams, no word of knowledge, nothing. It gets hard, but we need to be consistent in our prayer and asking God, yes. Kennedy says, lukewarmness and lack of prayer life is the current problem and too much comfort today, unlike the earlier brothers, yes. Too much comfort, true. We don't want to step out of our comfort zone. But yes, God, you know, it's not that God wants us to struggle and do ministry. No, ministry should be a joy, there's comfort, but the comfort should not stop us from, you know, what God has for us.  It's not going to be as comfortable as you want it to be. But then, you know, I'm going to be, my grace is sufficient for you. The moment we look at it that way, yes, we'll be able to overcome. Yes, but too much comfort is definitely one of the reasons why we don't see an outpouring of God. Christopher, no, Christopher, we still didn't do the Welsh revival and even robots. The reason I didn't cover it here is because in the following chapter, we are going to do it more, you know, here it's very, very, it's a small portion, but then we want to discuss more on the Welsh revival in the coming chapter. So we'll do it in the next chapter as well. So, all right. So we've passed that time. Anybody would like to close in prayer? Felix, can you close in prayer, please? Good. Father in the name of Jesus, we thank you for today's class. We thank you for everything that we've learned. We thank you for everything that we've learned and the new things. We pray, help us, apply them. We pray, commit to the next class in two hands, help us in everything that is we are asking Jesus. Amen. Amen. Thank you, Felix. Thank you, everybody. We'll catch up next Monday. Have a blessed week ahead. God bless. Thank you, sir. Thank you, pastor. God bless you.