is entitled transcribers in practice reports from users we are for transcribers users to we're very grateful for coming and sharing their work with transcribers each each person will speak for about 10 minutes and then we'll have up to five minutes of questions and then we'll have to move on so it's a great pleasure to begin with Maria being your Kotako from the Society of Swedish Literature in the film her papers being written in cooperation with Elizabeth Sturck of Maria is going to do a presentation so thank you Maria. Hello everybody can you hear me? Yeah good it's very nice to be here thank you for the invitation since there is 10 minutes I will just turn on to the presentation this is going to be an account of our experience with transcribers but it is also going to be a kind of a wish list for future so well I think that the transcribers team has maybe been thinking about some of these things that we have been thinking about now a short introduction uh Elizabeth and myself we come from a project which is called the letters of most of you if you have lived in the 1880s you would uh he was a very famous painter finished painter in the paintings of claymere painting when it was said that the light comes from the north and Idlefels like many other traveled to Paris to study and he ended up becoming almost French from Paris he wrote to his mother about 30 years of correspondence he knew everybody he wrote about everyone he didn't write so much about his paintings he wrote about people and things that were happening so this correspondence is interesting it's the cosmopolitan youth on European politics and cultures culture from the late 19th century we publish the letters online with free access and in collaboration with the Finnish National Gallery we combine the letters with Idlefels works of art from the first sketch to the oil canvas so we have 7 000 pages letters and 7 000 pages of images of artworks so it's uh but too long to think about that before the time of transcribers we make summaries of events as we call them but now we are adding full text so you can imagine our joy when transcribers emerge on the horizon but now the aims for our organization the society of Swedish literature in Finland is of course that we wrap up the Idlefels project with full text but we have a larger scope we ask us how could transcribers be integrated on a larger scale in the working process of our archives and our publishing units to benefit our customers so we really use Idlefels his letters his paintings as a guinea pig and a good enough guinea pig we think first there is the question of handwriting our archive consists of private material mostly private letters uh so it's a lot different uh to uh the material which our national archives is now going to test with transcribers the handwriting varies very very much and uh particular challenges for our kind of material using transcribers are in comparison to official documents uh there is a large variety of handwriting topics and vocabulary and in the case of Idlefels uh his correspondence to his mother last year over 30 years as I said uh the young teenager can see it out there on the left it's a teenager letter and then I picked some some letters those forward in time so you can see uh that his handwriting changes and we thought that with the group he is a good guinea pig therefore but then uh segmentations and lines another common feature of his letters and private material in general is that he and his contemporaries of the rights in margin as you can see here and sometimes even all across the page as an additional layer on what he previously wrote so our experience of this is that the automatic segmentation of lining device doesn't discover the vertical lines obviously uh the transcribers program has tools to manually correct the missing lines as they also have tools to correct the reading order if it passes between the lines into the text but if you are counting on automatic segmentation and readability these kind of manuscripts are problematic it takes time and you need people to correct them as at least as I can see them and correct them now then when we get our material it seems at least for the moment there is at least a last level the machine transcription has the difficulties to conquer based on the handwriting the program can transcribe it to plausible words as a reader you can see and understand how the program has thought but the transcription is good but it is not correct so here you need the human eye as it is now uh to get it right one needs an understanding of the language language and the context transcribers has collection specific dictionaries as it is now a matter of help or word to word basis but what we still need is a sense of language that is not limited to seeing the words but the whole sentences and the additional issue not to make it easier as it all is it is often the case in private material people write in different languages uh it also that is contemporary uh they were uh educated finisher so they used different languages uh they wrote in swedish uh with which was their native tongue uh and then they added in some finnish words uh some some where uh much french much german uh danish so here is also a challenge for the program now a little statistics in the beginning the results of the models which range was not very satisfactory it still could be better but gradually the models have improved there are three reasons for improvement uh as we proceed in anything with transcriptions we add more material to the models uh secondly uh we've got the tip to increase the number of training epochs we changed from the standard 20 epochs to 175 epochs and got a considerable improvement on the training center and thirdly during the summer there was an update in the transcripts program we could detect a better result in the models trained after the update so we are looking very much forward to getting a new htr plus update that is what we are really waiting for our three last models have received the following results uh the character error rate on our training set has sunk under 5 percent and that's very good uh but in our test set uh it continues to stay over 10 percent and in general we use every 25th page as a test page so now for future and our wishes we look at this uh as a on a larger scale our projects or air deltas uh so what we would like to see is models for the 19th century and every other century of course also so that everyone working with the 19th century or other time period material could contribute to a model uh so that you could when you start a project you could take a model from the shelf uh use it trainings and ultimately feed the new knowledge into a larger model and these models would need to be language and cultural specific uh with this we mean that we cannot necessarily use one model for the whole Europe of Europe and the whole of the 19th century in Scandinavia at least the early 19th century handwriting is very much like the 18th century and does not at all fit into the same model as Edelberg and his contemporaries they have to split it up into a early model, mid model and a late model and the same thing of course applies for every other time period and every other region in their own ways but this would be very very helpful and would and would contribute on a larger scale and then a sense of language that could so that the program would understand sentences and context and could make its recognition based on that also that would be very much easier and Elizabeth and me and everyone else wouldn't have to go in and correct uh things afterwards as we as we know are doing in in this uh publication projects it all of course depends on what you're going to do with it but as we are now in a publication project with very very high standards we have to really manually correct every uh everything that is is wrong so yeah this was our wish list and our experiences if you have any questions I am at least I'll be happy to answer them. A couple of minutes questions so I know from any any questions no I think that must have been perfectly clear and it's good to know humans still have a role perhaps Travis is not completely superseding all of us so thank you very much indeed Maria and I'm sure people will have comments for you. The next I'd like to invite Marie Laura Matthew from who's working on the archive of Michelle Foucault Marie Laura is from the all-normal superiors so first of all I would like to thank you for inviting me and to introduce you to our audience indeed it's a great opportunity for to present the work carried out by the team of the Foucault's community of projects so my name is Sandra Besson I am an academic engineer and the French national center for scientific research the famous and I work at CAFES economic superior in Paris my job is to assist and support researchers in their scientific activities in the field of philosophy and historical studies I contribute to and support as editorials and specialists the long-term projects of printing and digital publications I am currently part of the tool study and annotating team for the Foucault's within us project so here is the outline of my presentation first I would like to introduce you to Foucault's within us projects called the FFL projects its partners its objectives and the digital tools that the project is in the process of developing to explore the corpus then I will share with you the result of the test with their funds to automatically transcribe the chef for us writing with the transcribed so what is the FFL project about the Department of Manuscript at the National Library of France BNF has kept the Foucault's archive since 1984 the ends is to preserve the archives of course but also to write a new inventory and to digitize part of the sources to make them available to researchers in this context the FFL projects started last year we explore and make available online a large step of mission for good within us the project is coordinated by michelle cellar professor of philosophy at the urn s field unsupported by an iron band it benefits from the partnerships of the urn s party and the FFL the objectives of the projects are to digitize describe and enrich more than 10 000 Foucault's within us relating to the preparation of his books courses lectures but the objective of the project is also to allow a new approach to his work based on the analysis of the philosopher reading criticism but how can such a large purposes be analyzed what does contributions bring to this type of sources the INA project Foucault's within us ends at exploring the corpus and also at providing new digital tools designed to enable collaborative work on data views in order to help understanding the creative disorder of the epops the FFL platform that you can see on the screen has been designed to provide annotation categories and description fees so that researchers can create multiple pathways between the documents in addition to that since a large part of the investigation consisting identifying Foucault's source sources the platform enables to create named entities and enrich them with biographical and bibliographical information that the users can search and retrieve work from dnf data but how to identify all these sources the method consists in transcribing the manuscripts automatically in order to index the corpus and process the transcript with named entities or condition tools the FFL platform will also provide new ways of exploring the archives as network categories for example on this network you can see how the reading notes blue scales are linked to concept red circles and orders of green circles thus the researchers will navigate from box to box jumping from one reading note to another from concept to concept or order making their personal pathway into the archives so an international collaboration with the real projects has been started just last year for the automatic transcriptions of Foucault's manuscripts from his reading notes the collaboration was very easy we simply registered on the website contacted the red projectile and followed the instruction on the documents how to use transcribes in 10 steps it allowed us to install the software and work with documents after uploading them to the transcribes server so learning to use the software takes sometimes but the transcribes guide and the team are active actively involved in this learning process so for the test we created learning data for Foucault's handwriting in two steps in an initial test the team trained an automatic text recognition model by using transcribes to segment and transcribe 200 digitized images of Foucault and writings this model was capable of generating transcribes with a character error rate of 15% so it was already quite well for us we then extended our training set to 600 images of Foucault's writing and these larger sets resulted in a significant improvement of the results and we now have an HDR model which can transcribe Foucault's handwriting with a character error rate of only 8% that means that 82% of the character are correctly transcribed by transcribes but what are the main difficulties we have to face as you can see on the screen the DCI referring Foucault's writing is really challenging it's not the worst reading notes that you have on the screen these are reading notes with many aberrations often out to the server sometimes equitable they can mean different words in different contexts sometimes Foucault also wrote several letters in the same way so for the transcribes test we have either identified identified eligible words with TEI encoding element gap and structural front for the full misshapen or erased words so that the software can skip them for its training it should be noted that it takes few hours to learn how to use transcribes efficiently in a project besides the interface remains to be improved to facilitate facilitates the reading of images on the typing of digital tests despite these difficulties the result of the transcribes test are very encouraging for our projects as you can see on the screen the result of the automatic transcriptions of the Chef Foucault's reading notes by the ashtray engine after the two states of training while it took us more than 40 minutes to manually transcribe a single reading notes a few minutes are enough to transcribe several automatically response values the automatic transcriptions of the notes must of course be corrected there is also certain difference in the degree of automatic character or cognition according to the different boxes for example the software sometimes sensitive to the transparency of the paper and sometimes he also reads the characters of the back of the paper keep the result of the test remain very positive the automatic transcriptions allow faster manual transcriptions and helps in the work decisions of certain full-guided words that are difficult to read sometimes the transcribes can read better than than we do thus our team at the FFL projects have trained the model to organize the philosophical writing with around 90 percent accuracy we can increase these occurrences rates by feeding back the corrected transcripts into transcribes these automatic transcripts we benefit the project's objectives to analyze and provide online access of the large collections of Foucault's reading notes so thanks to transcribes we will produce automatic transcripts for all the digitized images exports and correct them in the omega platform of the projects the results can potentially be feedback into the transcribes software in order to improve the process and create a link between the two platforms to conclude collaborating with the url collaborate transcribes project has really given a new dimension to the idea for both reading notes by expanding the transcriptions of exploration possibilities the transcripts use software with the enable the Foucault's specialist to embrace the larger focus of his archive you can find complete reports of the test in French and very soon in English on the blog of the project thank you for your excellent presentation are there any questions I was wondering if you can go back to this slide with network analysis example and put its part a bit on this so how do you use transcribes in combination with network analysis right now we don't have a combination that it was just to show you what's the ambition of the projects but perhaps transcribes will help us to extract some names entity to find some names in the whole corpus that we have to right now we are in the process to to see what we can do I'm sorry I'm not an informatist and the project is very is quite new you know so it's just we have some some different way to explore the corpus but it's not really linked to the transcribes so far what kind of humor the sources are loyal in in the description things you mean for the training yes yes for the training for the first steps of the first step sorry of the training it was the transition made by the PhD students so it was quite easy but not really easy because we had to extend the abbreviations and stuff like that but um for the second part of the test we were to me and uh postdoc students and to train to get used to some to the software and to train the transcribes it took us quite a while you know but the results we think it's very good so we are happy to to have taken this this time yeah do you have any sense of the cost I don't know for the cost because it's in the research project so we don't pay the people so far that's I think the time it's quite uh because it took us 14 minutes to transcribe manually a single reading notes and with transcribes it just takes a few few minutes so I think it's more in terms of time than more in terms of cost for our project time is money thank you very much indeed for that really fascinating person here so thank you to our speakers for being so proud and good and our final speaker is Colin Greenstreet and for the marine life and promiscopic can we turn this off I want to use the microphone so my name is Colin Greenstreet I'm not an academic and I started studying social sciences and then in a business degree so I approach HDR and projects I'm going to talk about two projects one is marine lives which started six years ago as a spin-off from a hackathon at the national archive and then secondly a project I and other people that are involved in structuring called the signs of literature initiative in the last six years since the collaboration of marine lives which is a collaborative crowd sourcing for experts sourcing project and we've also run a spatial hackathon we're in the process of shaping science literacy with machine learning database which we've nicknamed song signs of literacy in manuscripts and then we've created a small-scale glossary and so we'll be fairly active we are in the process of forming a charity a charitable incorporated organization which is going to be the umbrella home of these initiatives and importantly has very much a data science technology orientation and we're focusing on manuscripts our interest is essentially the 16th through to the 18th century so technology wise starting with marine lives basically technology was pretty basic we use script and wordpress we have a wiki and we use facilitated teams with sky I'm a next management consultant my inspiration for crowd sourcing was take the idea of a engagement manager as a facilitator take the ideas of associates those of the volunteers run small teams internationally with the data on the web at least that course accordingly over the last couple of years we have been experimenting we've moved to a splanted media wiki we did some early experimentation with name entity recognition now we've essentially increased our ambitions in terms of volumes of full text transcriptions and other things so we are exploring hdr keyword spotting and natural language processing text reciprocity mining and also the idea of our kind of box which I'll get on to we are indebted to our many volunteers a range of academics postdocs and public historians genealogists we've even had some matters in them so marine life these are the typical documents we're dealing with it's the English High Court ofality so legal documents like a number of documents other people have talked about I'm using the term metadata very loosely so these are depth positions this is a five-page position between half a page maybe 20 pages typically at the beginning you have a preamble the name of the person the occupation the date a place of residence and then towards the end you have a sign up now many of our people were not literate so you've got signatures but you've also got initials and you've got marks we were an early adopter of transcripts and then we walked away from it so three years ago we found the character error rate we were getting on a relatively small ground and said we're really not very good but we've come back to it in the last year and what I want to do is to share our experience and where the internet to go with transcripts so firstly for the type of work we're doing with volunteers as opposed to postdocs and academic projects the interface was not easy for the occasional volunteer users you can overcome those interface challenges with good facilitative training and supervision but in the real world a volunteer always has the choice do you use transcribers to get the first pass and then you improve it or do you do it from scratch the motivation of most of our volunteers has been to learn to read 17th century script not to create a high quality academic result for other people to work with so we'll come back to that in a minute our facilitators who are essentially the editors when they're editing work that has been generated via transcribers and then via our volunteers typically won't use the transcribers output they'll go straight to the manuscript page and they'll correct it so thoughts on transcribers from our perspective I emphasize a collaborative crowdsourcing we're much more similar to the shutout keep Amsterdam and I'm very interested in where Mark is going with that interface looks very attractive so if you're working with pedagogically trained volunteers but are not doing all the volume you really need to build transcribers carefully into your work processes and you need to recruit volunteers differently if you're using transcribers they need to know that's what they're doing it's a slightly different experience you sell it to people differently and I'll be very interested whether Mark has Mark's volunteers at the Stutz Archive were recruited to do an amazing job on those wonderful manuscripts now I believe he's intended to use the same volunteers but with a slightly different orientation they're going to be correcting HDR material and that is a very different activity we're very different rewards and incentives um with high volume volunteers my high volume I mean somebody is going to do 20 pages or more um I think it's all viable with using transcribers but I'm very attracted to the idea of a different interface so some general thoughts um I think it is interesting for reading transcribers as they're going into the future with the new cooperative to think about culture governments and data structures at other large uh image oriented initiatives and I flag up the Trieth Consortium which I've been working with and also the Lagos Regulito system although transcribers has been set up for kind of IT9 users like myself I nevertheless think in terms of incentivizing people it is actually useful to actively share codes and algorithms for reuse rather than just the HDR engine which you never actually see I think it would be useful to publish timely public statistics um for manuscripts by period by writing style which portion of the wonderful database in transcribers is actually closed or open we make all our data open to everybody and also to actually see those error rates and I find I have to come to conferences to actually see the data I'm surprised it's not they are worthy for everybody to see and to add to um as we think about our future project science literacy we really would like to understand what sort of development time is going to be available to sustain the current platform and new material conscious of the time uh so what we're doing in 2019 we are going to greatly increase our ground base we have got six million words we're not going to put all six million words in but we can get a much bigger ground base and we want to see whether we can get to a character error rate of five percent which on 17th century material and has this pretty hard to read would be wonderful and you need to get to that level if you can innovate type of quality as we have to correct it keywords spotting much more interesting for us we probably then wouldn't make the transcriptions available we would hide it but we would use keywords spotting essentially through searchability of images and then finally as I said we're very keen on exploring the interface which is being created by picture right with the stats up here in Amsterdam that's a very humbling briefly the science and literature initiative there's a little club here I'm looking for our kind of technology partners patents yep I've got a gift in that little gift you see tees you either see other letters or one of the things we're reading patents our initiative is to create a data set of a million manuscript pages over a five year period which are going to annotate signups and mark the issues and signatures from a research historical perspective or a wisdom perspective this is about exploring historical literacy on the schedule which has not been done before the actual approach which is contested that has been around for 40 years and but in addition to answering research questions in historical literacy what we're really driving at is working with archives to develop tools and processes for an increasingly automated metadata extraction and linkage from digitized algorithm transcription pages and we want to stimulate the development of machine learning capability in multiple archive centers of excellence we're partnering with the national archives in the Latin Kingdom and we collaborate also with the Swedish national archives and we would like to add further archives we're interested in the Dutch partner and the French partner and the Spanish partner and we hope we can help foster interest amongst the story in machine learning we're working and as this I'm pleased to say I can report from being in California on Monday Kangor which is a subsidiary of Google had already committed to run a program machine learning competition with us uh they've now decided they would like to work with us over the period of the project series of competitions simple and we're structuring the project essentially you could call this collective intelligence you do not anticipate that in five years we will ever go into fully automated metadata extraction and synthesis we imagine we'll always be monitored interacting with various automated techniques and what we're doing is to give up those processes from a human computer interface point of view as well as purely from the technical point of view I'll just finish up uh triple if we think it's very important we want that in the middle we would like to explore with transcribers and how we might work and uh also with a computer and with Google sorts of things we're going to be using to learn for feature extraction lots, sludges, deletions, they all turn to something about the pop med they may turn to something about the possible literacy or so are they uh we're also going to be using shape, consistency of characters etc so from historians when the purpose of itch remained uh and it is a bit of an elevator I've said well you know hang on all this data uh but you know what if we just want to go down to the individual signature or mark and again there's nothing in what we're doing but stocks you can bring that we it's very much for historians and linguists to work with this material we are building an infrastructure for people to use uh and again one of the great things about TRIP-IF is you can create manifesto for peers and you can actually specify the type of material that you want to look at and here you've got an example of an anchor various anchors that we use by semen also enhancing uh in our material so with that I think I will wind up uh specifically with transcribers for this new project we're very interested in keeping this around text vary, certification, uh linearization, interlinearization, key word spotting, less so than the HDR and we're also interested in the scanner on the phone uh and there's some archivists who have called and not using their own massive cradles and everything uh but we wish to work with archivists and also citizen archivists who go into the small rock and use their phones to take the photo doesn't have to be a high quality photo it just needs to form the basis of them extracting some data. If you want to know any more about the project you can contact me I'm a community organizer of Scientist Interesting and I'm working with Dr Mark Held who's a social historian and a specialist in literacy. Thank you very much. Thank you Colin. Any questions or comments? Thank you I was wondering for the signs of literary literacy initiative uh is there a particular historical time period that you're interested in? Yes again I should emphasize we're at the beginning of this project so if new partners come in whether the historians wishing to use the content or technologists or archivists wishing to think about tools and work on the processes we're open for discussion. At the moment we're framing it the mid 16th century from to the end of the 18th century so it's 150 years here essentially early modern. Thank you very much for this presentation uh but you're going to get like one more thing after my day how do you want to keep volunteers interested in that job because it may become more and more boring you know to correct the dimension. And that is a very good question and I think that is part of what we're going to test. I very carefully said what motivated it so we have worked over the last six years with volunteers and with Twitter we've also collaborated with Bath Spire University and there's recently with the University of Warwick we've used different models to find people engaging and I think we do understand what motivates people to work on physics transcription. We don't yet understand what might motivate people to work on such a project so the answer is I don't know yet and I think it will be an issue. So let's thank Colin and the quick, very important to our store presentation.


Welcome to Google Summer of Code Office Hours. Thanks for being here. It is the 17th of March. What topics do you have that you'd like to bring onto our agenda? So I don't have any question, but I'm just sharing my progress so far. So when I was working with you on the generator, that generator for generating the pipeline step-to-step generator. But then I just like some attracting what was Cloud Events. And from that day, I learned about event-driven architecture, Cloud Events integrated into Java SDK, made a Spring Boot API and passed it and all that specifications. And now I have to look into two source codes of the plugin to gather the same idea of the proposed plugin to receive and to solve the listen and amity. So this week, I will do that work. Excellent. Very good. Others want to share how they're doing. Rishabh, thank you for joining as a mentor. Jeff, thank you for joining as a mentor. Both appreciated. Thank you so much. Yes, I am a team. Hello, everyone. I'm working on Kid Credential's binding plugin. So far, I have stuck at SSH bindings, learning some of this. And right now, Mark, I need some assistance in understanding the rationale of SSH bindings. Like, there's a problem, not a problem, but the thing is, as per the registers in the IDS page, it was mentioned, like, we have to bind a file of passphrase into a non-passphrase kind of file. Like, that thing bugs me, like, how does it go around and what is the behind the scenes working should be like that? OK, that sounds like a good topic for discussion here. So get Credential's binding and Credential's binding and how would it work? Good, all right. Do we want to just dive into that right away so we can look at it together? Or are there other topics that people want to get on the list so we're sure we've got? I have a hard stop in about 25 minutes. So for me, at least, I will need to pass off hosting to someone else if we have more topics than we have time. All right, let's take a look at it. So, Ayanne, it was you wanted to, you were looking at, well, maybe it's best let me share my screen and we can look at the description and then you can tell me which part is unclear and we go further there. Is that OK? Or do you want to share your screen? Either is fine. Yes, yes, yeah, we can surely go ahead. OK, so let's look at my screen then and here's what I think you're referring to this one right here. Let's see, Google Summer of Code 2021 Project Ideas here. And it is this Git credentials binding for SSH and BAT. And let me make it big enough that I can read it. OK, so highlight for me or suggest for me which spot was perplexing to you and let's talk further about it. In the part where the SSH private key was mentioned, username password was very much clear. Like there was simple username password, you have to do that. And all the execution commands, the user will do the Git authenticated commands, the pipeline user will work on the Git. It will be OK. It was simple to bind that environment variables and pass them to the command line. But in the SSH private key, there was a term in the rationale with a passphrase and without passphrase. When there was a bit passphrase, we have to create a file. And in the Jenkins environment, it should be like either it be using a passphrase or not a passphrase. But with a passphrase, a file should be created such that the SSH private key can use without passphrase things. And that thing like a little bit unclear to me like what is going on with that. Like as I am a Git user, I personally use SSH keys. And once I set a passphrase, I don't need to give the passphrase for any time mode. But what it is exactly like in Jenkins. OK, very good. So I think what you're saying is what's the concept to allow this credentials binding idea to do passphrase protected SSH private keys? And I might shift it and offer the suggestion that Jesse Glick offered. What Jesse suggested was, hey, probably better than writing the passphrase onto the local agent, onto the agent, would be use the passphrase inside the plug-in, make a call to an appropriate Java library that will decrypt the private key that's passphrase secured so it is no longer passphrase secured, and then write the private key to the agent that is with that private key not being protected by the passphrase. So the idea was Jesse's suggestion was, hey, let's shift the processing of the passphrase away from having it done on the agent and instead do it on the controller and then pass the decrypted passphrase or the decrypted private key to the agent. So that way you avoid having to write the passphrase to the agent, you avoid the problem of trying to manage how do we get the information about that passphrase down to the agent. Now it means you do have to find a way to convert a passphrase protected private key to one that is not passphrase protected in Java. But Jesse's indication was that those facilities should be available. It's kind of like either it be a passphrase protected or not passphrase protected. We have to convert it to a not protected kind of thing and Jenkins will work on it as it is. Like Jenkins, in Jenkins we store our credentials in using credentials plugin. I am not sure of the name. It is Jenkins Credential Plugin, I guess. So like we can store the passphrase in some kind of other file and convert the, using the passphrase convert that private key file where non-passphrase protected file in the workspace or the agent controller, as you said, kind of like that. Close, right. So it's that the credentials plugin continues to be the thing that owns the passphrase protected private key and it knows the passphrase and it knows the private key. And inside the plugin, what you would do is use the passphrase and use the passphrase protected private key to generate a new private key, a private key that is that private key decrypted so it no longer requires a passphrase. And that is.


The question I get asked the most, without a doubt, is Frank, how do you get your teeth so white? I'm going to give you guys a few easy steps to get that Colgate smile, as well as show you my personal dental routine that I do every single day as it coincides with that. First and foremost, get a dental cleaning. Plack formation is completely natural. Our ancestors, hunter-gatherers, indigenous people had dental plaque, but it is not attractive. If you want white sparkling teeth, you're going to have to do a few things that are fairly unnatural as that Colgate smile isn't exactly something we saw in nature. If you can't really afford a dental cleaning, I think in New York they're around $120 to $150. If you go to a dental college or look for dental schools online, those are much cheaper and more affordable under certain circumstances, but without a dental cleaning and without that clean slate, you're not going to be able to get white teeth. The second step is to invest in some bleach trays. I'll show you mine. I got my bleach trays from Sporting Smiles. I think they were around $120, but if you go to a professional dentist, it's going to cost you like four, five, six hundred. It's way too expensive. You need to bleach your teeth in order to get that base whiteness. In total, in my whole life, I've bleached my teeth four times, twice in one week for that initial whiteness, and then maybe once or twice a year since then to keep my teeth super white. You don't have to be bleaching your teeth every month. That's completely crazy. It's very easy to maintain super white, vibrant teeth after you have that base whiteness if you follow some principles. Brushing after a meal is not too important as long as you brush your teeth before going to bed.  If you drink coffee, that would probably be a main contributing factor to tooth staining. You have wine, tea, lemon juice, anything acidic or dark colored. You want to brush your teeth or clean them as soon as possible after. If you guys take iodine orally, iodine can also stain your teeth to some degree, so try not to swish it around your teeth too much. Chewing gum after a meal can help clean your teeth to some degree, flossing as well, but let me show you guys my dental cleaning secrets that will get you teeth wider than your bleach t-shirt. I don't usually brush my teeth in the morning. I clean my teeth really well at night before I go to bed, and sometimes when I wake up, I feel like I need to clean them, but I would say 95% of the time I don't. So, since I eat one meal a day, usually a couple of hours after that meal, I will end up brushing my teeth. And these are the exact steps I take. So, I will floss first. Any type of floss doesn't really matter. Just loosen up the stuff between my teeth. And this is the real secret, the real holy grail here, is a water flosser. And I discovered this when I had my jaw surgery because my mouth was wired shut. I had these braces. I always had all this good between my teeth. This water flosser is a lifesaver.  And if I could choose between brushing my teeth and using a water flosser, like if I could only pick one, I would use the water flosser 100% of the time. It's so great. So I floss my teeth. I use the water flosser. Then I'll usually use a tongue scraper just to scrape any stuff off of my tongue. And then I'll use an electric toothbrush. And I'll repeat this usually one more time. So I'll floss again. I'll use the water flosser again. I'll scrape my tongue. I'll brush my teeth. Maybe half the time I repeat it, sometimes I don't. It depends on how clean my mouth feels, how much I ate.  But one thing that really helped was baking soda. So at Frankie's Naturals, Hygiene and Cosmetic Products, I do have a tooth powder that's composed of clay, baking soda and peppermint. And this is what I've been using every day. I have my own tub of it here. The baking soda helps whiten those spots on your teeth. So I think this contributes a lot to the whitening of my teeth. And I don't have fluoride in here either. So, you know, removing fluoride from the toothpaste, as well as consuming a high nutrient-dense diet is something I didn't mention. You know, the importance of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 in remineralizing the teeth in the overall bone health, especially in the mouth, is an understatement. So the diet definitely plays a contributing factor to my oral health. But so does this routine here. Without this routine, I wouldn't have, you know, the clean white sparkling teeth. A few other things to mention here. If you have retainers, you want to make sure to clean them really well with those alkalizing tablets every day. I have a brush here, a bristle that I used to clean, you know, the water flosser, the tongue scraper. You want to make sure everything is clean as often as possible. And I replace the head on my electric toothbrush usually about once a week. So keep everything really clean. You know, be really consistent with your routine. And then you should have a smile like mine. I almost forgot to show you guys the bleach trays. As I said, these are from Sporting Smiles. It's just like two rubber trays. I wish I was sponsored by them. I'm not. I actually reached out to them and they don't do that sponsor stuff, I guess. But you basically just take the bleach solution they sent to you. You know, you put it in the tray and then you put this in your teeth for like 15, 20 minutes, take it out. And you know, of course, if it starts burning, take it out sooner. But you don't need to do this for more than 10 or 15 minutes, as I said. Maybe two times in a week initially to get that base white. But then moving forward, maintenance is like only once or twice a year. Granted, you're doing everything properly. Really simple, guys. Not too much of a time or money investment. Get your teeth clean once or twice a year. Get them bleached once or twice a year. And the most overlooked thing is probably avoid the staining foods and be really consistent with your oral routine. So thank you guys for joining me today. If you want to check out any of this stuff, I think I have some things on my Amazon shop in the oral and hygiene section. Like I even have like my own dental scraper cleaner thing. But I don't recommend using this yourself. I mean, this can help if you have some plaque buildup. But you'll never be able to remove all the plaque on your own with one of these things. And the water flosser is also on my Amazon shop. And of course, you can check out frankiesnaturals.com and purchase our tooth powder. Everyone loves it. Less a really long time. Better than toothpaste, believe it or not. And it is certainly healthier for you. If you guys would like to support me further, you can check out frankiesfreerangemeat.com where we have high quality, nutrient-dense animal foods at the most affordable price online. Go to frankiesfreerangemeat.com to check out organ meats, raw cheeses, any food you need to re-mineralize your teeth. If you need vitamin D3, we also have a vitamin D3 moisturizing cream on frankiesnaturals.com. Thanks again guys and enjoy the rest of your day.


Hello, my name is Joe Smith. Welcome to the show today. We have Laura Trubeck program manager from ace. How are you doing Laura? I'm well. How are you? I'm good. Good. So for everyone that doesn't know what ace is what does ace stand for? Ace stands for adult and community enrichment Which means we are obviously limited to adults ages 18 and over and for enrichment classes fun classes Of course. So is ace part of it Suncoast Technical College? It is. We are the Division of the college that focuses on enrichment classes things that aren't Workforce development based the rest of the college is Everything to do with the rest of the college is preparing people for the workforce. Our program prepares folks just to have fun Sounds really nice. So how many students do you have? We're a really large program. We have Averaged over 12,000 registrations a year for each of the last couple years. Wow Wow, that's That's pretty amazing. So how many classes are offered and where are they? Most of our classes are here on the Suncoast Campus here in Sarasota But we have classes in the Venice campus and the Northport campus And then we're in about 12 other locations around the county at some of the YMCA's various retirement facilities We even have a class on a sailboat down at at the marina down at marina jack I might take that class myself. It's a pretty cool class and we run somewhere around 12 2000 classes a year. We have about 600 running this session. Those were like classes are offered We have Four sessions a year fall winter spring and summer. So we're a year-round program and So we offer classes all over the place all the time. Okay, what during those times? What classes are offered? We run the gamut from belly dance to Watercolor to small engine repair. We have a home sweet home repairs Bike maintenance just pretty much anything that we can think of that we think people would like to learn more about We we can do it. Okay, and all those classes. What is most popular? a lot of our watercolor classes are very popular acrylics any of those kinds of things, but sometimes we have some unexpected Popular things that we try this time We have a couple coloring for adult classes because there's this whole craze out there about adult coloring books. So those classes filled with weightless right away Another one that was a surprise is the first time we offered harmonica. It sold out with a weight list right away So we just never know and sometimes people are totally shocked by the kinds of classes that that fill up a harmonica class Harmonica. Yes. Now that class is taught by Les McCurdy most people know less for his Comedy club, but he also was an awesome blues harmonica player. So he does our harmonica classes down at his club Wow, so How do you find these teachers like the harmonica teacher? How do you find this? Well, I'm a pretty Gabby person thankfully so Nobody's ever safe for me anywhere. I'm always talking about ace and keeping my eyes open for new teachers But a lot of them find us as well because I I probably get somewhere in from 10 to 20 Unsolicited resumes every month from people who want to teach for ace because ace has a pretty good reputation out in the community nice nice and How much these classes cost? We are a completely fee supported class. So we have to charge what Whatever fee will cover the cost of the teacher and the equipment and supplies But classes range from we might have a $15 class all the way up to a $300 class You know classes in our clay studio are our most expensive because clay is expensive and the equipment is expensive And and so forth. So we try to stay as competitive as possible We want to be affordable, but stay in business Okay Are there scholarships offered? We do. Yes, we do have scholarships. We have an up to 50 percent scholarship People can go on our website and find that application or give us a call and we'll we'll work with them All right Now I heard about classroom on wheels. What is that? Ace has our own school bus that's painted blue and it's called classroom on wheels and essentially what it is is Field trips for adults half-day field trips for adults that go out once a week Throughout any throughout the community. So they one time they went up to the Airport control tower They've gone to when when this campus opened for the first time They were one of the first groups to come in and look at it same with Sarasota High School with architecture They go up to Port Manatee. They go to Cortez Village They they basically go anywhere. They think people would be interested in going the kind of things you can't really do on your own are things they do and It's been running for Over 25 years and they never repeat a topic unless something about that topic has changed substantially Wow, that's that's really amazing. It's it's very cool And we have some people who've been haven't missed a session in 20 years. I know I wouldn't if I had to go those places Yeah, it's for they're pretty cool. So how do you register for ace? We try to make it very easy We have a website which is ace dash Sarasota com and You can register online or you can give us a call at three six one six five nine zero and You can register over the phone. We have you know, all our folks are knowledgeable and can help guide you Or you can walk into the office on the Suncoast campus and register that way as well Okay, and do you have to be a Florida resident for ace? No, you do not we don't have any residents requirements We are part of the school district And the school district provides us space which is incredible here on Suncoast. We have all this great new space But anybody any adult over 18 can take our classes. That's nice now Is there anything we haven't discussed with between you me that you want to say anything about I don't think so except Anybody who wants to try dabbling at something, you know, if they have an interest in an art class or Meditation or yoga. We're a really easy way for people to Give give something a try and meet like-minded people because if you're taking a class in understanding film for example You're gonna be in that classroom with other people who have that same interest So it's a great way to meet other people and learn and expand your brain and so forth. So that's that's amazing Well, thanks for joining us today on the show for more information Walk on to a stat a stat Sarasota comm or call<PHONE_NUMBER> or find them on Facebook Thank you so much for our treat back


G'day everyone, it's SSO Darren Padgett from Dandenong, Deepua Toon. So this morning at 2.30 we were called to a structure fire in the church here behind us. Just had a single call from the priest who lives on soon. When we arrived there was two seats of fire, one in a building sort of connected to it, but it's a locked up premise where they keep all the coats, kitchens, all that sort of thing. And inside the main church area there's a separate deliberately lit fire there. So one sign of forced entry. So when we got here the building was very heavily smoke logged, so we've got all the appliances from Dandenong here. We've also called in support from Hallam, Roval, Noble Park, and Frankston primarily for the BA where is to get through. So all the guys have gone through about two or three cylinders each. They've worked pretty hard to try and get to the fire. We've had to pull the ceiling down and we've also had to cut the roof up to try and get to it. The fire has been treated suspicious. Obviously there's been a couple of church fires around in the last few days and it's under police investigation. Crews had to make forced entry in so a bit of work to get in. The doors were pretty locked but got in fairly good. Crews did a fantastic job at pulling up the fire in the initial fire for it. The fire contains two areas. So one room where they managed to save all the priest's coats and all that. So he's pretty happy about that. So at this stage hopefully they'll be able to resume their services for Sunday being Easter in a Catholic church. So good job all round.


What's up everybody Jason here from jazby's case breaks calm. We just sold out 12 Spectre spot giveaways with a break here 1920 and any mosaic sell a one-pack break number of 651 random teams So first guys will do the break everybody gets around team then in the NBA randomized customer names and teams and then we will distribute the hits out of the cello pack and at the end of the break will randomize the customer names and And numbers one through 12 top 12. We'll get a spot each in these spectra first off the line basketball break So good luck. Let's do the break first. Let's roll the dice and we got ourselves a 503 for eight times one two three four five six seven Russell down to Robert 503 eight times Here one two three four five six seven Eight. All right Houston Rockets down to the Indiana Pacers Again quick glance just give us a quick little pack filler. So Robert has a pelagins Lakers of Tyler Grizzlies Robert has them Miami Heat Robert has them So you're gonna stick with what you got quick little pack filler All right, so there's a spectra box for after that Here's a pack Monkey kid do it again Hall of Fame Carl Malone LeBron base We got a Steph Curry silver team USA Clay Thompson the yellow and Darius Basie So there you go guys quick little cello pack Now let's see who's gonna win those spots in the spectra break. Let's roll it And we got a one and a three four times one two three and four Top 12 get in so Robert you're in Robert you're in Tyler Kevin Robert so men Robert so men so men Robert Robert and Sarah Wow, I think almost everybody got it and maybe except one customer So there you go top 12 Congratulations guys now coming up next in the break itself the spectra first off the line one box break round teams number three


Good day and welcome back to my channel, my name is Thomas Henley, I make a lot of autism and mental health videos and today I'm bringing to you my autistic experience with going non-verbal. Not speaking, not being able to speak. Something that you can imagine causes a lot of difficulties in daily life, especially when you're surrounded with people who really don't know the first thing about it. Let's talk first about the stigma. Yes, going non-verbal can be frustrating for both yourself and uneducated others, people who don't know about non-verbal. They don't know about the association between autism and it. Some people also believe that only ASD2 or ASD3 individuals experience this, or that it's...


We're going to get started, guys, because I think we're supposed to start five minutes ago. So here, welcome to Drupal South Melbourne, 2015. I'm here to talk to you about contributing to core. When I proposed this session, I saw it as a bit of a niche thing, and I envisioned it in a small theatre, like the little back rooms that we had at DrupalCon Sydney, you know, a handful of people. And so I was a little bit taken aback to be on this in the bigger room. So let's see if we can make this work. Yeah, so we're talking about contributing to core, and it's basically a summary of things that I've kind of picked up as I've gone through the core process. I was told by someone that I should make my first slide a bit of a who slide. So here it is. Yeah, so I've been doing Drupal since 2007 or 2008, I'm not sure, because as I'll tell you later, I didn't sign up for a user account when I started. And yeah, as Angie said in the previous session of Top 20, contributed to Drupal 8. And my main motivation for getting involved in core was that I took a car trip between Bundaberg and Rockhampton, which is about 300 Ks, and I was a passenger, and in that time I read what was required to upgrade to Drupal 6 modules to Drupal 7, and after that three hour car ride, I still hadn't finished reading it, and I thought it's not enough just to be a contrib developer and not worry about what's going on core, I just need to see what's happening as it happens and kind of get my kept track of what's going. So I'll work for previous next based out of Sydney. I maintain four modules in core now, contact, comment, forum, and the new module that Angie mentioned before, the block content, which is kind of like makes blocks do fieldable stuff. I'm also part of the security team, and yeah, I've been kind of around about Drupal in Australia, yeah, probably since 2008 I guess is where I got involved heavily. So this is kind of where it all starts with Drupal. If you want to get involved in contributing, the first thing you've got to do is register, and as I said before, I didn't register when I first started using Drupal, I had built two sites and I didn't have a user account. I didn't even, couldn't see the point, but the first time I signed up for a user account was when I had a patch to post. I worked on the GMAP module, which if anyone remembers was the go to mapping solution in Drupal 5, and I added some functionality to make it so you could use image fields in balloons on your marker. Now, in hindsight, the patch was hard coded to use particular fields, and it wasn't the best thing, but I still wanted to share what I'd built, and I signed up for a user account.  So if you don't have an account on Drupal.org now, and you're here today, this is your first point of call, get an account. And so when people talk about what Drupal is, they'll describe it as three things, and I think Angie may have said this recently on a podcast with Cal Evans, that it's a content management system, and it's a content modeling framework, and it's also a kick-ass community. And so if you're not sort of actively involved in community, you're missing out on 33% of the community. And from my point of view, I was based in Bundaberg, which is obviously the mecca of Drupal, right? And it wasn't even in Bundaberg. I was 15K outside Bundaberg, and I had a side heart in three acres of paperback swamp, and I worked on stuff in isolation. And I didn't know there was this thing called community. And there was a service provider's page on the groups.drupal.org AU site, and I contacted Simon Hobbs and said, can I get an account on there? And he said, yeah, do you ever go on IRC? And I was, what's IRC? Well, if you don't know what IRC is, IRC is your window to the Drupal community. It doesn't matter how isolated you are. It doesn't matter where you are. If you can get onto IRC, then you can be part of a Drupal community, even if you're out on your own in the middle of a forest in a side hut. And so this is what I can't stress hard enough or can't press on the most is to get involved in IRC. And we have experts waiting for your call. It's kind of the way it is, right? You can see there's 286 users online at this time. I took this screenshot, and that's just in one channel. We have channels for everything. So this is where you say hi. So I'm sending some homework for you. If you haven't used IRC before, your homework for today is to get into Drupal AU and come and say hi to me. My username is LA Rowland. I want you to say hi to me. I want you to make that contact in the IRC channels and get involved in our community. And that's what I said. If you're not, you're kind of missing out on that third of the thing. If you're working on Drupal projects and you're like, what is this hook menu or what is that? And you think you're on your own, you're not. There is this vast community of people out there who are all too willing to take your call and help you out. And then when you've decided that you want to contribute something back, Drupal contribute is the place to go. And so that's more about I want to do this, what can I do? Or if I'm working on this patch, what can I do? So we have a great page on drupal.org, drupal.org slash IRC. You can't forget that. And that's got how to get contact, what clients you can set up. You can name your platform, there's a client. And even if you don't have something in store, you can still get in by the web client. But yeah, as I said, that's your homework. If you haven't been on IRC before, get on IRC. It feels like some technology from the Dark Ages. And but it is, you know, a thriving hub of activity. And that's where you go to, you know, the critical office hours that we run on Friday at noon. They all happen in IRC, you know. Okay, so getting involved in call, the first thing you need to work on is negotiating issue queues. And the first step is to watch an issue. Now, as I said to you guys before, I made that conscious decision that I wanted to be involved in Drupal 8, so I didn't get left behind when things changed. And in hindsight, it was a good decision because the changes from 6 to 7 were nothing compared to the changes from 7 to 8. And the first step to do that is once you've signed in, you can hit this follow button on any issue. And that doesn't, there's no obligation. You can hit follow and that's it. And that's just like that first step of getting involved is to follow. Then you can go to the, into the, let's see if this works, yeah, it does. You can go into this little link, email notifications, and then you can say send me an email for issues you follow. And so that's when the issue that you're following has had some changes, someone comments, you get an email telling you what's going on. And so once you've got that going, you can just observe. And I did this for probably six months. I just stood back and watched the interactions between core developers, learned the characters, learned the names, you know, saw the process. And look, in hindsight, I probably could have gone into IRC and said, hey, what's this? How does it work? But, you know, the observation was key. And absorb the way things worked. And I was kind of fairly passive in core. I had one patch in Drupal 7, and that was from a bug that I found in 7.0 for a site that I was building, and I needed it to fix a site. And you said it can be a long process. It was a long process, and I thought it was exhaustive at the time. But in hindsight, I looked back at it as a great learning experience. So yeah, it's to just absorb. And the input is for me to actually get involved was kind of finding my niche. And so there was a post by Daniel Cudwin, his username is son, that said, make core maintainable. And essentially it said, Drupal 7 is giant, massive pile of spaghetti. And if we can't get people to help us maintain it, then we should rip stuff out. And so it was cry for help, I thought, from core developers. And I was making a living from Drupal. And I thought, well, you know, if the bedrock that my livelihood is built on is in this state where these people are frustrated and there's too much work and et cetera, this is kind of like a call to action for me. And so if you want to find your niche, first one thing you could do is you could scratch your niche. So, you know, if you're interested in a particular thing, we've got issues for everything. I think the Drupal core mentoring sites slogan is we have issues, you know, and we do. If you're interested in CSS, if you're interested in documentation, if you care how many spaces come before or after a bracket in the if statement, you know, we've got everything you could possibly want to work on. If you want to help mentor people, if you want, yeah, there's a niche. And if you want to scratch niche, that's one way to find it. But one thing that commonly motivates people is to find something that annoys you. So that block content module that I talked about before, that's in Drupal 8 that lets you field blocks and have block types like you do with a node.   So out of frustration in my day job, that was my driving factor for that module. You know, I hated that when I deployed a block that was placed, it was done by a serial ID and while it was block ID 4 on my side, when I deployed it, 4 was already gone and it was block 6 and nothing worked anymore, you know? So, you know, that was the motivation behind the design of that. You know, it's done with UUIDs. It's done in a deployable manner. Yeah, so find something that annoys you and, you know, out of that, you can make your day job easier. Like, it's the fact that you're gone probably working with Drupal for another five years or maybe longer, maybe even longer again. So if there's something that frustrates you in your day job, that's a great niche. So find something you care about.  Go for it. Find something no one cares about. This is my in, right? They were going to drop modules from core and they said, unless someone steps up to maintain form, it's gone. I said, I'll do it. And I remember CHX posted on the issue, there was this guy on IRC who said he's going to look after forum model.  And, but I'd been in this Contrib land, I'd been in this land of, you know, the wild, wild west of Contrib where people commit stuff without even an issue, you know? And I went and had a look at the issue queue for forum. There was only 100 issues. And like, if you've come from Contrib, like, if you're looking after a module, you know that like 100 issues isn't that many. And I was like, yeah, I can do this. I'm going to do this. This is a great way to get involved in core. And forum was one of the first modules ready for Drupal 8. We haven't had anything to do for forum for quite a while. We had some issues with CMI, you know, interactivity. But, yeah, like, getting forum module ready for Drupal 8 taught me a lot about Drupal 8. We refactored a lot of things. We got rid of a lot of the crazy stuff. There was stuff in Drupal, there is stuff in Drupal 7 where forum module directly accesses the global post variable. It doesn't use form state. Forum was the redhead stepchild of core. And now it's kind of like modern our way of practices. We have a forum manager service. If you don't like how forum does anything, you can swap that whole service out.  And from there, you know, forum was ready, but it relied on comment and comment had some issues. And so I thought, well, I ported forum module to CMI. How hard could comment module be? If you want to see how hard it was, have a look at issue. And I know the number, 731-724. 1010 comments later across three issues. I had to clear some space on my hard drive because I had over 25 megaworth of patch files for that one issue. I re-rolled it for 18 months, but you can have a comment on any field now. Now, in hindsight, I got advice from son, don't try and do it all in one step. And I said, I can do it in one step. And it probably would have been, you know, better served waiting for it. But, you know, I learned a lot and I got there. So, yeah, find something no one cares about. Just find something. And if you can't find something, we can help you find something. But once you've found that something, you can use the issue queue search. So if you've not seen it, I'm assuming everyone's seen the issue queue search functionality.drupal.org. And there's an advanced search button and you can filter and, you know, get it down to that. You can find that niche list of issues that you care about. And then you can hit this button, this subscribe with RSS button and stick that into your RSS feeder. And so, yeah, I subscribe to the RSS feed for all Drupal 8 issues. That was my, okay, I'm not letting Drupal 8 run away on me like Drupal 7 did. I'm gonna follow every issue.  I don't care about that next. But when something comes in and you go, oh, yeah, I care about that. On my phone, I hit follow, you know what I mean? And so that way I'm engaged in that issue. A lot of those issues I follow, I don't do anything at all for. I just watch what happens and see. But if something comes along and I think, I don't agree with that or I think we could do this better, you know, then I get involved. Or if there's something like, hey, that's fun, I wanna do that. Then I get involved. So yeah, we have great tools for this. But there are some limitations. And you have to find what works for you. And I use Gmail labels, right? So this is, I have a folder in Gmail and every email that comes from Drupal.org goes into this folder on its own. It stays out of my inbox. So it's not interrupting me. I don't think, oh no, I've got 150, 100 messages in my inbox. I can read them when I feel like it. And I tag them because we can tag stuff on Drupal.org but those are global tags. And no one cares that I think, you know, that this issue here is a quick fix. And so if I've got 25 minutes spare, I can work on that. So I use these Gmail tags. And I have a lot of them. I have, you know, how about this one, Meaty? You know? That's the stuff I've got three hours to burn and I wanna do something that's pretty involved, you know? And so there is some work involved in keeping these tags up to date. I even have a needs triage of my labels. But yeah. And like this is how I keep track of where things work. But so you need to find the tools that work for you. Some people use Trello boards. You can set up into automation to have, if this, then that automatically create, you know, things on your Trello board. There's some new ContribCanban.org website where you can put in the name of a project that you're tracking and it'll give you a Kanban board. So there are tools. And I know that Angie has talked before about having a system where you can have this Google spreadsheet that automatically keeps up to date with the issues that you follow. And so, you know, at with time, we'll probably get more sophisticated about this, but I find this works for me. And this is the big one, Git and Patch workflows. Drupal is one of the few remaining projects left that still use patches, okay? And there's good reason for this and I'm not gonna get this into a flame war about we should use Git or we should use pull request, et cetera. We use patches, that's the way it is. And I'll talk a little bit later about one aspect of that that is really advantageous to Drupal. But just because we use patches doesn't mean we can't use the power of Git. So it's pretty simple. My solution, it's not a solution. It's not even revolutionary. It's just one branch per issue. So this is about six months old, but I have 157 Drupal 8 branches on my local. Because Git is distributed, you can do whatever you like on your local repo. You can commit, you can, whatever you like. Because only Angie, Dries, Alex, and Nathaniel and Jennifer can actually push to core. So you do what you like on your repo because when you have one branch per issue, everything becomes a lot easier.  So this is me working on issue number. You see, I give the branches a name so I can remember them because no one knows the number. But I also put the number on because it's a bit of a reference. But that wasn't patch seven. I did a new patch and I did some fixes. That was common 18, 19. I did a merge, et cetera, et cetera.   And you go, sure. And you put up a 150 kilobyte patch, they have to review the whole thing again from scratch to make sure you did actually change that. Whereas an interdiff is the difference between your previous patch and the next patch. So if they've reviewed the 150 kilobyte patch and asked you to change some comments here and that, and that's where you change, if you put up an interdiff, they can just eyeball that smaller file and not the 150 kilobits. And we have some people who do a lot of reviewing. Gibran's down the front here. He's probably reviewed, what, how many issues would you review if you're reviewing in thousands? Thousands, yeah. And so I'm sure that if you say to him, yeah, interdiff or no interdiff, he would like burn you with eyes, his laser eyes will, yeah, yeah. But so if you wanna do a re-roll, you can fetch the origin and you can merge. And there's a lot of things that patches won't apply on drip.org because patch, the way that we apply the patches isn't as sophisticated as a merge. So more often than not a re-roll, git fetch origin, git merge, git will be smart enough to merge it and then you can generate a new patch with git diff origin 8.0x into some file. So, yeah, it's a lot, everything is a lot simpler when you have one branch per issue. And you can even do stuff like fetch a patch for someone else's written and apply it straight to git. Yeah, so I'll get talking about this a little bit more later in terms of automation, but yeah, the fact is that if you have one branch per issue, things get a lot easier. Now this is kind of the elf in the room. There are some politics and personalities involved in core shock horror, okay? The fact is there are some big egos and as most of you are from Australia, it's not always a problem. We're pretty, you know, we have the tall poppy syndrome. So most people in Australia are pretty, you know, they're critically aware of ego, you know?  And so, but that's not always the case for other countries.  I am supreme leader, you know? And that's the way, look, you have to allow for cultural differences, but you also have to say that some people are very highly invested in this.  They've done this for a long time. And so the stakes are high. Or for some people, this might be a critical part of their livelihood because their business relies on it. And so, you know, there are some high stakes, but my advice would be to sleep on it, you know? So if you do find that happens, you know? Sure, write your reply, you know, saying, what do you feel like saying at the time? But sleep on it and put in your response the next morning, you know? Some people work in long hours or the end of the day.  And I'm not, don't want to call you energy, but there was an issue where, for that common issue, like towards the end of the 18 months, there was like a just 7-3-1, 7-2-4. Towards the end of it, there was a decision that we don't really want to do this. And look, and I was kind of, oh, okay, I've been re-rolling this for 18 months, I couldn't be doing other things. And I wrote a reply and then I slept on it. And in the morning, I still felt the same way, so I wrote it. But I thought about it in the time and what I basically thought was, why did I get involved in CORE? Well, I got involved in CORE to learn how Drupalate worked and why did I learn through those 18 months? Well, I touched every subsystem in those 18 months. I touched the entity system, the case system, you name it. So at the end of the day, it sounds mental, but after those 18 months, if that happened again, I really didn't mind because I'd fulfilled my goal of learning what Drupalate was. And so if you've got something you want to, if there is a heated discussion or an argument or something, just take a step back and sleep on it. And then the next morning, in the light of day, you might feel differently about it. This is one that the Drupal community working group will tell you about, is don't get drawn into the Cabman drama triangle. Now, there is a name for this. It's a psychological or like triangle that they have. There's three roles in the Cabman drama triangle. There's the aggressor, there's the victim and there's the rescuer. And every person in that triangle is paying part in like the game. So if you might think you're doing the right thing by coming to someone's rescue, who's being abused by someone else, but you're actually being part of that triangle.  And there are people that will play all three of those roles, sometimes in the same issue. And I think it's good to take a step back and recognize that, okay, that's one of those three roles and I don't wanna be part of one of those three roles. And this is why we have a working group. And some people know what this slide's about, right? Yeah, sometimes people are just jerks. And yeah, we have processes to work through this. We have the code of conduct. We have the community working group. So if you see something like this in an issue queue or a comment on Drupal.org, don't stay silent. Go through the proper procedure, go through the proper process and don't get drawn into the triangle. And ask questions when unsure because real-time communication is greater than issue queue. So if someone says something to you in an issue queue or something about your patch, and let's remember it's your patch, not your child or not your partner, it's code, right? The end of the day. If someone says something, get in on IRC and talk to them in real-time. And you can more than often not solve the issue without name calling and, you know, et cetera. But when things do go wrong and that doesn't cover a solution, we'll call out inappropriate behavior by going through the process, the code of conduct, the working group. Don't forget language barriers. Yeah, well, there's... Yes, exactly. Yep, 100%. And that's, I've got this as a slide. This is an important, and, yeah, I can't stress that enough. One of the co-maintainers of... A lot of the co-maintainers of core English is their second language. And so what you may take offence at, because it may come across as direct, was probably lost in translation. So, you know, don't forget language barriers. And that's where, you know, real-time communication or even someone who's more proficient in two languages can mediate for you, you know? And this is one I can't stress enough. Switch off. As I said, at the end of the day, it's just code. It's just, you know, something you do for a hobby or a job. It's not life and death, you know? I was talking recently to another core contributor who co-maintains the modules with me, and he was in a country on holidays at the time, and there was a large camp going on, and he was planning to go. And I said, how did it go?  And that is important for the health of Drupal in the long term, because if your world is Drupal and you live in Drupal and you live in sleep Drupal and you don't do anything else, but you have nothing outside that, you can sometimes lose, I guess, the keel or the balance or the, you know, so, yeah, switch off if you hit those issues. And don't sweat details. And that's just the straightened way of doing things. So we've already got an advantage here, right? She'll be right, mate, you know? But, Andy talked before about if you put stuff up, sometimes no one reviews it, and that's one of the most frustrating things. And I would agree, it is frustrating, but if you patch it, they will come. And what will come, well, reviewers will come, commit credits will come, crudos will come. It all takes time, you know? You might work on an issue and not do anything on it. And the thing is that you put your patch up. It's not that you saw it through to completion and you didn't sleep for three months and you hassled people continuously until it was done. That's not what you should be focused on, you should focus on. All right, there's my patch.  You can put it out into the wild.  So, there's a good post I'll come back to later, but review trades is one way to help get those reviews. So if you've got an issue that you care about and you've written a patch for and it's stored, go on to IRC and say, hey, who wants to trade? Because there's guaranteed someone else in the same boat as you who's written a patch and they want someone to review it. You can build upgrade rapport with people by helping them review their patch advice first. And this is one that, when I brought this up, we talked about this internally at work and I've said that a broken patch is better than none and this was a bit of a surprise to some people who thought that they had to make their patch perfect to the nth detail before they put it up. They're afraid of being judged and I would say that a broken patch is better than none. Right? Because the fact is, it doesn't matter how good you are, there is, this is the strength of open source, it's like the collaborative knowledge of a massive group of people and there might be something that you don't know that someone else does and so until you put your code up to get feedback, you don't know what things you may have missed and so a broken patch is better than none and so if you've been working on something for a long time and you think, I just want to get it right, I just want to get it right, by the time you get it right, someone else might have, it might have been fixed and so there's an article by Angie here called A Tale of Two Developers, sloppy Sam, perfectionist Pat. I'm the sloppy Sam, I'll work on something, I'll go, hey, what do you reckon? Stick it up and someone will go, you're mental or that's wrong or fix that or what is this and you fix it and through that process, you learn from that person, you learn, they share their knowledge with you. If you work on it in isolation as perfectionist Pat, by the time you've got to posting the patch, it might already be fixed, by the time you've got to posting your patch, some other subsystem might have come along so it sounds bad but this is the preferred approach, is the sloppy Sam approach because from that you benefit from the collective knowledge of the community. So yeah, patch early, patch often I guess would be there. Yeah. So learning through reviews, I don't have a computer science background, I have an engineering degree and I have a mathematics degree and programming was a hobby from when I was grade five through the basic typing out a whole game and hitting run and then it's a syntax error and starting again. So programming was always a hobby, all of my lectives at uni I took programming in and I'm eternally grateful for Druful because when I moved states, I had trouble finding work and my wife didn't so I spent time as the home dad, doing all that sort of stuff and in my spare time I continued tinkering with things and that led into employment and that led into, opened so many opportunities for me. So through the process of working on core I would say that I've improved my development knowledge and skills tenfold at least. Even the first issue that I worked on, I had to fix for it and I put it up and it was knocked back because it needed tests and I didn't know what tests were. So I went away and I learned and people helped me and out of that process I learned automated tests and so now I use that in my day job and that means the code that I write is high quality and I sleep better at night. So core is vast, right? And so this is something that can be daunting for people and they think they need to know everything and you cannot know everything in core. You cannot, okay? There are people who've been working in core for 15 years and they don't know that the strength of core is made up of individual people being specialists in this particular subsystem and collectively we form Voltron super developer, right? So you have to, you know, if you can acknowledge that straight up and people openly do this in the issue queue and I think by people who have established reputation doing that in the issue queue totally lowers the barrier for new people coming along. So if we have this aura that core developers know everything and they are awesome and don't ask them questions because they are delicate geniuses, like the barriers are there, right? But if you see a core developer say, I don't know how that works or why is that or something, I think that as a newcomer seeing that, you go, hey, they're just like you and I, you know? But reviewers teach as they review.  Someone will review and say, hey, did you know about this or you should consider using that. And so out of that, you learn something and you learn something out of every review other than say coding standards and stuff. And, but the reviewers learn as they go as well. So for example, if you review other people's code, you might see something that you weren't familiar with or you didn't know about in the past and that's how you build your knowledge and expertise as well. And you explore a new area as a reviewer. So even if you don't feel like contributing to core or with patches and you don't have the time, just reading other people's code will make you a better developer because you will see things that you were not aware of. So you can learn new techniques as a reviewer and you can basically get a free CS education. And I like to say that I've got my computer science education in the Drupal issue queues. I know about dependence injection. I know design patterns and I've learned all of those through the issue queue. I think that you cannot underestimate how important that is for the development of Drupal in the future because it means there is no barrier to entry. If you come along and you're willing and you're able, you can learn the rest from there. But there's flow and benefits. You can build networks and friendships. So when you want to go and talk about an issue, the first thing you want to know is who handles it. So you might have a patch for the entity field system and you think that this is the bee's knees and you need to know who you should speak to. And so you need to know that first before you can go off and collaborate with someone on it. So the first thing you should do is look in maintainers.txt. So this is the text file that ships in Drupal that tells you who's in charge of subsystems and modules. So you might ask an RC. It's your window to the Drupal community. So if you get on RC and you ask in Drupal, hey, who knows about the cache API or who's in charge of the cache API? There will be people standing by for your call and say, yeah, it's so-and-so. And you can ask the bot in the room if they're not online, when they were last online, and you can even leave a message for them. And yeah, I think that by interacting with these experts in each of these areas, you build new networks and say, well, I was talking in the forward just before about some people planning some work on Drupal 8 and they talked about some functionality that they needed. And so I happen to know that there's people working on that on the other side of the world for a similar reason. And so why should we have two people reinventing the wheel? We should collaborate. And so if you can build these networks through contributing to call, it will help you in your day job. It will help you with what you're trying to achieve. And you can build karma. I think that karma can't be under-a-threaded in open source. If you go into the Drupal Contribute channel and you ask a support question and no one knows who you are because you haven't been actively... You know, people don't know who you are because they haven't seen your name around or they haven't... They don't know what your contributions are. You're likely to be told, I'll go and ask that in Drupal Support. You know, this is about contributing. But if you have built karma and you have a question about a Contrib project and you know the maintainer and you ask them in Drupal Contribute, they're like, oh, yeah, I know you. I really appreciate the work that you did. I don't mind answering your support questions or helping you out. And the value of karma in the community cannot be underestimated. I think it's not tangible, but it does have a value. And you can build respect. I think through the way that you conduct yourself in the issue queues and on IRC, you can build respect from your peers in the community. You can build comrades. And I chose the word comrades there because you are working towards a collective goal and you can also build friends. And I'd like to say, you know, for example, Jim Brown again, we'd not met until last night. We have worked together for probably 18 months on call.  Because, you know, I think that you can't value those kind of friendships that you can build through that. So I think I've got some time left. I want to talk a little bit about automating your processes with Fing. Nick had proposed a session for here called, if you liked it, then you should have put Fing on it. And Fing is a build tool for PHP, like Ant is for Java. And basically, that we have a fairly solid set of build steps in this particular repo that this is a VD8 is a vagrant image for Drupalite development. It's not the one that we'll be using on Saturday in the code sprint because really, we don't want everyone cloning giant VMs over the conference network. But if you go back, it's worth looking at because it's part of the Drupalite process. A lot of the time, we change the data structure and you have to reinstall your site. Now, if you want to do that with drives, like Drush, SI, and then I've got to pass in the URL, the database, and kind of put a password in it. Like, who can remember that, right? Fing reinstalled, done. Forget about it. To run a simple test test from the command line, it's sudo user bin PHP minus www data. You know, like, this is just Fing simple test class. The day that you've been added that to that, my life changed. Yeah, so automation is better in memory stuff and the same goes with git aliases, right? The stuff I showed you before about, you know, git diff into a file, I just have a git intitiff command. And so I work on something, git intitiff, and I know that there'll be an intitiff file in my folder ready to upload to www.drupalite.org. Merge adex, that's a reroll for me. Git gen patch number. So say I'm working on comment 34 and I've made some changes and I've committed them to my local branch because that's what I do. Type git gen patch three. Based on my branch number, branch name, it'll generate me a patch file and put the dot three in the name of it. So, you know, a lot of those things you can automate and fetch patch is my favorite. So say you want to work on someone else's issue, you know, stuff they've done. You get the URL to their patch file and you do git fetch patch URL and it brings it down and commits it to theirs and you're ready to go. Commits it to your local branch and you're ready to go. So these are up. There's some aliases you can get from and just add them to your git alias file and then you can benefit from that. I talked about automated tests before and I just don't, I just want to say that there is some scariness around automated tests if you've not used them before. Particularly simple test is a bit of an unknown. It's kind of a dribble-ism but it is worth learning how to write automated tests. You become a better developer and if you're not using automated tests, I think that you should really, as a developer, invest the time to learn them because you can transfer the skills you learned to your day job that you're doing call and you can sleep easier at night. So yeah, I've got some resources here. I think I had another slide but I don't know where it went. Bear with me. It's not there. Must have taken it out. Yeah, so the resources. This is a blog post by Gabor Hoisey about managing your own issues. So it talks about what I said before. Some people use Trail-O, some people use, you know, some good resources there. The Drupal code of conduct is for when things go bad and hopefully you don't need that, but it may be. Burnout, I didn't really talk about but I did talk about switching off and I did talk about taking a step back. So that's there. And there's a thing there about automated tests but yeah, any questions? I think we've got five minutes left. So I'll see you at the sprint. Yeah. We've just got a little something. Oh, thank you very much. Time. Thank you. Yeah. Do what you say and I'll tell you how that's in. Whoa. Hi, I'm Angie. A lot of people come up to me at sprints and stuff like our before sprints and they kind of have this, we would call it imposter syndrome. As far as where it's like, they feel like they look at people like you and all that you've managed to accomplish and they sort of put people like you on a big pedestal and think that they could never be that good and they don't know programming as well as other people or they're not really a developer or various other types of things like that. What would you say to people in that boat who feel like they really love Drupal, they depend on Drupal for a living, they love the idea of contributing but they just don't think they've got it in them to do something. That's a good question. Yeah, I mean, I think first of all that it's false, you know, isn't there like a thou shalt not worse false idols type thing? Yeah, that definitely applies. And I think that I was also in that boat, I saw like Cora's this, you know, world garden of brilliance type stuff. And like that, as I said, that call for help issue that I originally got involved in kind of broke down some of those barriers. So I saw that, hey, you know, I can help here, you know, I can help. And the fact is that there's many layers that which you can contribute on. And this was a lot focused on code, but, you know, we have jobs for everyone, I guess, in the community. And if you meet and talk to these people in IRC and you realize that they're just the same as you and I, they're just normal people.  But there's under the skin, they're still the same people as you and I with the same, you know, idiosyncrasies and issues. But yeah, I would say the first step is to just say hi, you know, like no one's kind of, I don't know of anyone in the community who's this is the beauty of our community. There's, I don't know if there's anyone who would be so arrogant as to not, you know, appreciate someone saying hi to them. And I want to talk about their story and what they've done in Drupal and yeah. And come along to the sprints are a great way to get involved but if you're like myself, when you are like based in a remote area where there isn't a thriving community on a regular basis. Yeah, IRC is that, is that, is the answer to that.  Is that answer to the question? Or is that just like more rambling? I've got a little bit to say on that question as well. Yeah. As Andrew will know. Because there was an issue that we have a connection on. I think it's really true that if you've got some motivation it's the persistence that makes it happen, not your ability. Yes, absolutely. And then my other question was how do you deal with time zone differences because. Well, that was the slide I was looking for. Now where did that go? I must have missed, you know how when you build your markdown slides you've got to put those two lines in. That's what's saying about times of difference before and also about why patchwork flows are so much better. So thank you. We are sometimes called down here the magic fairies in the night, all right? Because, you know, folks in the Northern Hemisphere or the, what's called the Western Hemisphere, they'll work on something and they'll go to bed and they'll wake up in the morning and we've kicked it along a little bit more. Now, if we were using pull requests couldn't necessarily do that without having open access and five different forks just for the one issue. But with the patch based workflow, someone can put up the work, you know, I'm going to bed, this is as far as I got it and they go to sleep and they wake up in the next morning and the patch fairies have resolved it, you know? And it's the converse is true as well because that same happens for us. If we put up a patch and the next morning we come back it's done. But yeah, the times of differences are difficult. I find that I get most of my email in the night and most of the Twitter feed stuff in the night because, you know, but I think that there's always a bit of an overlap. So the North American folks overlap with our morning and the European folks have, well, the night hours in Europe overlap with our morning and the people who work normal hours sort of overlap with our evening. So there is a time if you need to meet someone that you can organise in advance, most of the communication is done through the issue queues or with IRC tells. And so if you do use IRC don't know what a tell is then say hi on IRC and I'll tell you what it is. And if you don't use IRC, well your homework is to get on IRC and say hi. And then I can show you what a tell is, but a tell is basically letting the robot pass on a message for you. And yeah, it's invaluable. Yeah. How do you say hi IRC? All right. Come to the sprints on Friday. It's Saturday, Saturday. That's one of the community tools. That's part of the community tools. I'm not online, so hang on a minute. But have we got time? No one is kicking me out till we've done this. How much time? If you want to go and have coffee. If you want to have coffee, go and have coffee. I'm totally happy with that. But if you want to stick around for saying hi on IRC. So I use Addium as my client. There's like Lime Chat. And if you're still lucky enough to be able to use a Linux based system you can use Pigeon. And I think there's a Pigeon for Windows, XChat. There's a FreeNode web client. I probably would have to connect to the Wi-Fi. What was that password again? DSM 2015, exclamation. Web Chat. Right. Am I online? I'm online. Thanks everyone for coming too.