Welcome back, we are going to continue our discussion of design of atomizers in the last two classes we looked at simplex or a precious swirl atomizer the different parameters that go into the design the degrees of freedom like we said the other day and the constraints that you have to have your design satisfy. So those are the that is essentially the objective of any design exercise that you take advantage of the degrees of freedom and deliver a certain performance constraint. We are going to continue that discussion today to look at drop size if you look at if you go back we really left off at a point where we were able to get a film thickness we did not go much further than that so we are going to today look at drop size as a constraint that you could place on the performance of an atomizer we will see how to make sense of it okay. So we are going to continue our discussion of design now the one of the ways in which drop size has been factored into spray equations is through the use of linear instability analysis we looked at that say for example in a simplex atomizer you may have let us say this is the exit part and if you did the reentrant trumpet face at the exit like we said you essentially have a liquid film that is exiting your spray nozzle and this liquid film itself could be swirling so if your liquid film is swirling and the swirling liquid film is subject to subject to some disturbances it could cause it could cause the liquid film to break down. So the way we suggested we could model this in one of the earlier classes is you can develop a dispersion relation governing the linear instability the growth of small instabilities on this system that dispersion relation gives you omega as a function of k k is your wave number we looked at at least 3 examples where we derived this omega the growth rate as a function of k and we find the value of k at which dfdk is 0 so that gives me k star this k star is the wave number for which the growth rate is maximum which means that in a very short distance away from the nozzle that particular wave number is going to dominate the structures the fluid structures in the liquid sheet or in the liquid film okay and so that gives me which also implies the 2 pi over k star is the characteristic size of the fluid structure that is most likely going to break off. So here is a way I can relate the nozzle performance or the parameters of the associated with the flow inside the nozzle to a structure that could likely break off from the liquid sheet which could further coalesce to form a drop further downstream. So to start with I have this linear instability modeling allows me to go from internal flow inside the nozzle to external flow we looked at the models due to Giffen and Murazov and Shu et al where you are able to take internal flow the swirling flow inside a swirl chamber and predict a film thickness a film swirl velocity a film axial velocity and those will form inputs to your linear instability model which could give rise to a dispersion relation that in turn gives rise to drop size. So this is following a track of almost completely analytically modeling the system. So we are only sticking to looking at the system as being enveloped by an analytical model the other approach the complementary approach has been to rely purely on experimental data okay. So while this approach takes us from internal flow in the nozzle to an external spray characteristics such as drop size okay using pure and using only analytical tools for the most part other than that 1.17 factor that we put in front of the CD equation if you go back to the last lecture everything else was purely analytical and the model worked even without the 1.17 fact correction factor okay you are just off by about 15% which is not too bad okay. The other complementary approach is using empirical evidence. So what do I do in this approach I have let us say a fluid line in which I am able to monitor the pressure I will call this P1 and this fluid is coming into some sort of a spray nozzle that is creating the spray and let us say the pressure here is P2. So delta P P1- P2 is the pressure differential driving this flow. So in return for the pressure differential I could get some Q which is a volume flow rate I could get a spray angle theta so I will call this theta over 2 and I could get some SMD which is this outer diameter if you go back to our old notation from PDF's SMD is essentially D32 which is defined as d cube times f of d dd divided by 0 to infinity d squared f of d is my drop size PDF and D32 is defined as the third moment which is integral 0 to infinity d cubed f of d dd divided by 0 to the second moment which is 0 to infinity d squared f of d dd okay now clearly you can see this has units of diameter and the this is this usually has a special relevance when it comes to sprays because this is the total volume per unit surface area we looked at this early on and the total volume per unit surface area has a relevance to a lot of spray applications. So I can now let us say we have looked at Q the volume flow rate in terms of the pressure and the Q is not directly related to the pressure but the way we found Jones correlation for example gives us a way to relate CD the discharge coefficient to everything else that is related to the spray geometry okay. So I can similarly find a correlation for the spray angle in relation to the other geometry features we in fact did that although we found an analytical expression based on inviscid flow theory that seems to work reasonably well and we also found that really speaking in a commercial spray nozzle they do not rely on the fluid mechanics inside the nozzle to give us a certain spray angle they use co and effect which is much more effective and provides much finer control over the spray angle at the exit okay. What we are going to do today is look at Sauter mean diameter and how Sauter mean diameter is in turn related to the properties inside the nozzle okay. So again like I said there are two approaches the first approach is using purely analytical tools such as inviscid flow theory and linear instability theory that does go fairly close to predictions fairly close to measured values but the best bet for most design level tools would be to use empirical correlations and so we are going to look at a few such empirical correlations today. So what sort of empirical correlations are available for SMD in simplex nozzles in precious whirl nozzles the one of the first in early works is due to this man Radcliffe who gave us this formula okay. So just to get the nomenclature right sigma is surface tension new L is liquid kinematic viscosity m dot L is the liquid flow rate mass flow rate and delta P is the pressure difference now we look we will study this a little carefully and see what we can learn the first thing that Radcliffe is trying to tell us is that surface tension seems to have a significant effect as far as the sheet breakup is concerned because the exponent associated with that has the highest magnitude 0.6 liquid viscosity on the other hand has a small positive exponent 0.2 which says that as the viscosity of the liquid goes up the drop size is expected to go up although not very strongly okay. As the mass flow rate goes up on the same atomizer now how does the mass flow rate go up on the same atomizer it goes up because delta P goes up there is no other way because this is only a single fluid atomizer. So as delta P goes up mass flow rate goes up and as a result the increased mass flow rate gives us a south remain diameter that is slightly higher but the delta P is raised to the power minus 0.4. So really speaking this is supposed to be valid over a large range of atomizers that go beyond just a single atomizer but if I were to apply this over one single atomizer I have to figure out how delta P is related to m dot L and that is usually using the Jones correlation using CD where you can relate the volume flow rate to delta P or the square root of delta P more precisely and that gives us some way to relate all these parameters. There is one serious problem and shortcoming with writing an equation like this that is the fact that an equation like this is dimensionally incorrect that is all of your quantities sigma nu L m dot L and delta P are all dimensional quantities. So this number 7.3 is expected to have some weird units to it such that the right hand side all of the quantities of the right hand side raised to those powers give you a length scale give you units of micrometers or some drop size unit which is what is on the right on the left hand side of this equation. So one of the biggest problems with an equation like this is that it is dimensionally incorrect while it is of engineering use meaning I can convey information to a fellow engineer through an equation like this but I will have to give the fellow engineer a lot of other information about what unit system should be employed for sigma for nu L for m dot L etc. Otherwise the number 7.3 would be different it would depend on the choice of the unit system. So there were right around the 40s 1940s and 50s there were a lot of these kinds of correlations that were developed that gave us dimensionally incorrect correlations that in order to reconcile we have to go to some sort of a non-dimensionalization. So that was the need for non-dimensionalization comes from needing to convey souter mean diameter like information without needing to convey a system of units that without being constrained to a single system of units. So let us see how to do that. If I go back to my simple model of a liquid film exiting a simplex nozzle and I want to make a list of all the quantities that are my design variables. So in this simple problem let us say list of dimensional quantities that are important you start to see rho the density of the liquid sigma L which is surface tension mu L which is liquid viscosity m dot L which is liquid mass flow rate UL which is like a liquid characteristic velocity and let us say d0 which is that distance exit or if is diameter these are all quantities that one would expect will play a role. So I am going to transcribe these back on the other end here so deriving dimensionally correct SMD correlations involves taking this list of quantities and finding a set of dimensionless groups that are important. So if I go through this I have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 if I go through the dimensionless grouping I am expecting to find 3 dimensionless groups which are important. How did I come up with this 3? I am expecting to find n-3 groups and for this case n equal to 6 and I have 3 primary dimensions. Now I can go through the so called Buckingham pi theorem analysis or I will just write down the result because this is standard UG classroom exercise I have the Reynolds number Weber number which is given by rho L and the last one in fact is like our CD okay. I will call this alpha which is essentially m dot L divided by rho L UL D0 squared coming to think of this the denominator here has units of mass flow rate it has units of kilograms per second the numerator is the actual mass flow rate m dot L okay. So if you go back this essentially represents is this is like our X which is the area of the air core divided by although not exactly the same it is like our X essentially it gives us the effect of the air core at the exit. Now if you go back I need we can now figure out a way to correlate all of these variables to their respective dimensionless groups and the one due to Wang and LeFevre is the most general in this regard and what that gives us T here is a film thickness that can be obtained from inviscid theory. Now these quantities that you see in this parentheses actually I need to place that so that gives me the dimensionless film thickness these quantities inside the square parentheses this part and this part are essentially dimensionless groups that are functions of the Reynolds number and Weber number. So some combination of Reynolds number and Weber number give us and alpha give us these groups. So there is two different approaches to predicting spray performance one or drop size in a spray actually one the use of inviscid flow theory inside the nozzle to give us the boundary conditions to go into a linear instability analysis and the length scales that are predicted from the linear instability analysis giving us initial estimates of drop sizes. The second approach is to purely go to an empirical correlation based approach where we relate the input parameters to the nozzle to the parameters of the performance of the nozzle meaning SMD. So SMD I can write down a correlation of the form SMD over D0 or SMD over T film thickness which is so I can either choose this equals C1 times RE power A times Weber number power B alpha power C. One of the biggest advantages of writing this down is that this would be dimensionally correct not just dimensionally correct but unit system independent and unit system independent because I can choose whatever system of units for the dimensional quantities the Reynolds number comes out to be the same. Now there are different studies out there where you can take a wide range of sprayed measurements and correlate this quantity SMD over D0 or SMD over T plotted versus RE and Weber number and alpha and these coefficients C1 AB and C can be obtained through regression. So now let us move on this is as far as understanding spray performance for simplex nozzles are concerned. So let us talk about air assist atomizers now air assist atomizers are much involve a wider class that includes the so called pre-filming air blast atomizer we looked at this design in one of our earlier lectures. So essentially what we have here is air coming down the middle and liquid that is spilling over from this passage. So you have a liquid film that is spilling over that you have that is impacted by by the air on the inside and outside. This is our simplest air assist atomizer let us take a case where there is no air on the outside. So we are going just for the sake of our argument we will keep it simple we will look at air only on the inside that is swelling and we have a liquid film coming out. So right away I know that one of the indicators of drop size is going to be this thickness T that is called the pre-filmer liquid thickness. The pre-filmer liquid thickness is going to determine the thickness of the liquid film that is spilling out of that annular passage and of course we have the liquid air velocities and liquid velocities. So if I go through the same argument as to making a list of parameters that are important. I have liquid density, liquid velocity, liquid pre-filmer thickness, liquid viscosity, surface tension potentially. But in addition I also have the air side properties the air density air velocity the air side length scale like a diameter of that inner air passage actually I could even include air viscosity but we are going to experiments have shown that that effect is small but let us just say we will keep it simple and this is going to give us 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 dimensional parameters which means I am expecting 5 dimensionless pi groups. So I am going to write down the ones that people have shown to have a relevance. The first one is of course we will make it simple and define this based on D0. Now I also want to point out that Ohne's Orga number is very often defined as the square root of the Weber number divided by the Reynolds number. But if I have Reynolds number and Weber number as two independent pi groups then Ohne's Orga number is only formed by a combination of these two pi groups and therefore cannot be regarded as a third independent pi group. Now I am expecting 5 I have written 2 there are clearly others first one that is important here is what is called the air to liquid ratio which is the mass flow rate of air to the mass flow rate of the liquid which if I write in terms of which in terms of the liquid densities and liquid velocities can be written in that form although it is easiest to treat this group in terms of the mass flow rates itself because this is directly measurable. Anytime you do a test you have mass flow rate measurements and therefore it is much easier to relate them directly through the air to liquid ratio. Now there are also other dimensionless groups called the density ratio or the momentum flux ratio. So you have mass ratio momentum flux ratio density ratio these are all variables that are these are all pi groups that are independent of the others that have that have already been presented to you. Now I can form a capillary number just like that but that would be a pi group that is already that can be formed from the Reynolds number and Weber number. So these are not dimensionally these are not independent pi groups but the ones that I have listed here the Reynolds number Weber number and the rest of the groups here are all independent of each other I cannot form one from simple combinations of the others. But if I define ua to ul which is simple velocity ratio I can form this using beta and gamma. So if I take gamma divided by beta square root gives me this delta. So this velocity ratio would not be an independent pi group but beta gamma and the air to liquid ratio are all independent pi groups. So how do I relate this to performance we will take a couple of examples of correlations here is one correlation due to L chord et al that is dimensionally correct as you can see they only involve dimensionless groups and this number 51 does not depend on the unit system used that is the sort of acid test of what is the correct correlation. Now as the Reynolds number increases you expect the drop size to decrease as the Weber number increases the drop size decreases as the air to liquid ratio increases drop size decreases again sort of intuitively correct trends appear in this correlation when I include the effect of the so this is for a classic external mix air assist atomizer. If I want to look at the prefilmer effect of the prefilmer in the air blast system you can look at the favours textbook for a correlation based on his work DH is the hydraulic diameter of the prefilmer passage. So if I take the prefilmer this is the area of the prefilmer the hydraulic diameter is approximately equal to 2 times T. So this is essentially 4 times area divided by perimeter that gives us for a circle DH would exactly be equal to the diameter of the circle. The numerator here is the cross sectional area available to the fluid flow which is pi D0 times T the thickness of the prefilmer. The denominator is the total wetted perimeter which is actually equal to pi D0 on the inner side plus pi D0 plus the tiny thickness pi D0 times pi plus pi 2T the wetted perimeter in this case is that and so if I ignore the thickness in favour of the diameter I get 2 times pi D0. So the hydraulic diameter being equal to twice the thickness is a reasonably good estimate where the where the prefilmer thickness is small in comparison to the to the inner core diameter D0. Now there are two aspects of this that you have to take into account. This first of all is a very comprehensive correlation obtained from experimental data. That includes the effect of auras organ number, beta the density ratio and Weber number as well as the air to liquid ratio. So we made a list of five parameters the only one that is not included here is the momentum flux ratio and for this set of experiments they have not reported the effect of momentum flux ratio. Essentially if you look at this correlation as the air to liquid ratio increases this 1 over air to liquid ratio decreases which means the south remain diameter is going to decrease and even for an infinite air to liquid ratio even if you have a very high air to liquid ratio this pre multiplier 1 plus 1 over ALR only tends towards 1. So what we know there is that there is a limiting performance associated with increasing the air ratio that does not yield benefits beyond a certain beyond a certain value of ALR. So typically for a classical air blast or a prefilming air blast that is at about 10 percent. So beyond about 10 to 15 percent you really more air does not give you the benefit of that increased energy input in terms of reduced drop size. The second part that we want to observe is this Weber number and the power associated with that which is minus 0.6 that as the Weber number increases the drop size is going to decrease for the same air to liquid ratio. And as beta the density ratio increases again just for our own understanding density ratio is the density of the air divided by the density of the liquid. As beta increases the south remain diameter is going to decrease as the power 0.1 minus 0.1. Now a density ratio is important in an aircraft or a power generation application where this air blast atomizer is spraying into a high pressure chamber. Essentially beta is a reflection of the chamber pressure because the liquid density does not change much between atmospheric condition to the high pressure condition rho L remaining the same rho A goes up proportional to the pressure in the chamber which means that the same atomizer is going to give you a finer drop size inside the combustion chamber than measured outside in an atmospheric pressure test rig. And lastly there is this almost linear dependence on the owner's organ number that as the owner's organ number increases the south remain diameter is going to increase but the pre multiplication factor is very small and notice that this is an additive effect. So, in comparison to that pre multiplication factor the effect of viscosity is very small. So, liquid viscosity in general does not play much of a role in the spray process which is why it is which is why inviscid theories give us reasonably good answers when we use it for real spray applications. We will continue this discussion in the next class.


I've been sent all of these random items. I have no idea what I'm doing. Good morning Lizzie! Hi Rosie! Now I'm intrigued Bridget. How are we going to make this into a bag? We're going to be making an eco-friendly bird feeder using all completely natural materials. I'm going to pretend I'm a chef. We're going to take your scissors and we're going to cut off the hem at the bottom of the t-shirt. Have you got your oven on Rosie? I've got it on. I think pinkly. These are my favourites. I think this is like granny's sniff. We've got Jordy birds here and they are ruthless. Oh, look at this. That's safer than it was before. Look at that. Did you do a lot of cooking and baking in lockdown? It's all I've done.


Great welcome to the last set news. My name is Rob and as the thumbnail and tile suggests I am buying and actually Bitcoin hits a pretty big metric Which is the longest there have been for seven days We'll talk exactly about that and why I decided to keep DCA and maybe just maybe get into a little bit of alts Also, we'll talk about how the ETH merger is coming about and there's gonna be a new date Which was announced we already talked about this, but I'm very skeptical, but perhaps I'm actually wrong also, we'll dig into a polygon post Disney announcement on They have a new one coming out on July 20th as opposed to be fantastic So the question that becomes that we're going to buy the rumor and sell the news and lastly I want to talk to you about this prospect of the fourth turning and 80-year cycles and last it was talked about how we might be doing a meet-up in El Paso this Wednesday For anybody who is in the area. So first things first. Thanks for joining me I appreciate that on a Sunday and a very hot Sunday to be specific here in El Paso almost 98 degrees It is what the market's doing. So Not too bad. Honestly Sundays are for dumping. I know James will talk about that Mondays of the dump days but this depends on the day and Today's whole not pretty nicely actually almost 21,000 for Bitcoin the theorem is up 1.2 percent that new news Which is great merger coming about, you know a couple months or so perhaps But remember that's not going to do much for gas fees or or speed or things like that And it's and it won't even upgraded to 2.0 We still have to get the sharding and that's the third leg out of the three And of course merger is just the second when they go from proof of work to proof of stake So it's great, but it's not great great great Anyhow tatters, no one cares by it's going everything's Kind of sideways a little bit. Yes, it was a pretty big run polygon is up 7.4 percent I gotta tell you I think it's gonna be a little bit more of a pumper for quite some days We'll get that in a second and that's just what's going to market one thing I do want to take a look at quickly which we never do I think it's important to to talk about this is 24-hour volume and 24-hour volume you can go to coin get going do what I just did which was just click on there and just take a look at The volume of the trading volume the last 24 hours You can see the tether a lot of actions been having with tether and of course that's 46 billion 515 million 200,000 that's a lot of transfer Bitcoin, which you think would be the number one, but no It's actually 31 billion Ethereum 16 billion XRP is number four and the reason for that is there are rumors of a Settlement going around that is just here say your honor I have no idea if that's true. Don't quote me on that But there are some rumblings of a settlement coming down But you know, I've been hearing about that for the last six months of take that with a grain of salt But it's interesting though that a rumor Can make the 24-hour volume do that USD coin by an instant classic Solana For some reason 1 billion and polygon with all of the things that are going on Still just right here. I mean they just had an announcement from Disney. There's another big announcement coming up I think there was announcement previously from meta. So I mean, it is pretty amazing that the amount of Volume that goes through tether interesting stuff. Anyhow, that's what's going on the market And then this is what I was talking about as far as 70 days and there's an old phrase Which talks about When people are greedy you should be fearful when people are fearful you should be a bit greedy One Buffett said that who also hates Bitcoin. So take that with what it is But it is true a lot of times when a lot of gains are made not financial advice Just telling you what I believe it's when there's a extreme fear out there and right now We are below as far as a fear and greed index It's been a score below 25 out of a hundred for the last 70 days. It's a long time. It's a long time for people to be scared of their minds going It's gonna go down. It's gonna go down and let's be honest It hasn't hit 14,000 hasn't hit 12,000 and it's they pretty much a 20k for quite some time Now does that mean it can't go down to 14 or 12 or 13? I'm not saying that and there was just a report out from Jake and Morgan recently Would said it would say that the break-even point for Bitcoin monitors was 13,000. So that's what people are calling for I'm not sure and I'm not sure and I can just tell you what I look at these things. I just think to myself And George Cameron talks about is this cheap or is this expensive and let me just show you this People are scared of their minds Here's a 200 week moving average heat map and you can see that very few times This is the 200 week moving average. It's nice little line right here. It goes along here Very few times is Bitcoin below this and right now Like look at this. It was below this on March 14, 2020 when coronavirus came out and it's below this again today So I take a look at this. I'm like, is this Inexpensive or is this super overpriced? Well, I tend to look at this and thank myself This is pretty cheap. The next question I asked myself is can it go lower? Oh, yeah It can go lower But I'm not smart enough to figure that out and all the geniuses out there that that told me that it was going to go To the moon were wrong and all the people who said that was gonna go to 3,000 were also wrong depending we'll see So I don't know which way it's gonna go. I can just say that's why dollar cost average But there's some things that I look at and there's a reason why I bought today First of all, I used to dollar cost average every day But now I just do it once a week and I just kind of do a what's called value cost averaging I stopped for the CPI numbers. I figured those were gonna come out pretty hot They did I took all the money that I would have put in every day and just stuck in there I want to hit 19 like 19 to doubt 9,200 right now for it doesn't matter Uh, and then today because this is my day and I just bought a little bit of Bitcoin but there is one thing that I'm I know on this channel I'm not the most bullish person. It is true Uh, but there are some things that I'm looking for and uh, some of these things is that You have to you can't deny that we've had a pretty strong resilient market Uh, especially with those CPI numbers that came out I mean take a look at the s and p 500 and that nasdaq took a little bit of a hit But then the big thing is well, what's really what we're all it all comes down to there's a couple macro events, but it's inflation There's a great website app.trueflation.com I had Stefan a CEO on a couple of days ago He explained to us about how he took these 30 data points and you can break it all down from the inflation points from food non-icolic beverages 10.39 housing, which is going through the roof transportation hugely expensive go uh, have fun trying to travel these days Utilities, of course, we see those all those things and how they break down and that could be Natural gas like trissy bugle does only that all these things can be broken out and take a look at the website's 100% free and when I take a look at this The inflation rate was almost 12% at one point and I know people don't really trust the Fed. I get it no one really does But I think some of the things they're doing are actually working now This is we could debate this all day long about if inflation is going up or going down Obviously the cpi numbers were elevated. However, those were retrospectively looked at What i'm looking at here and i'm not saying this at the end i'll be all but I can see that there is a little bit of a reduction in The inflation rate and these 30 different data points that they get and we talked about this There's a link in the description actually and that links it to the discussion with the ceo All these data points they also use chain link and it's it's an oracle and it pulls all this Real side data Into this program this program spits it out and said this is what it really is so when the government is saying no It's transitory or it's 6% or 8% like no, it's not it's like 11 12% and they were right there So maybe this could be exactly what we're looking for and if inflation is going down That means potentially the fed could pivot at some point if that pivots I think that's what all markets are looking for and then of course what happens. Well Good things happen because then things start to actually increase. So that is my my Bullish case for what's going on. I did buy a little bit of crypto today Bitcoin being one of them We'll not talk about my other altcoins that I bought but I did And we'll see what happens and the next big date to look out for July 26 and 27th when the Fed comes out if they come out and they push it to 0.75 basis points It's not really going to move the market. I don't think they come out for a full basis point Expected to dip and that's why I don't buy anything From here on out until that day and I will wait for that announcement to come out And then if it comes out makes and it's higher than expected. Well, guess what market market goes down That's when I deploy the cash up and save it or if they come out and announce Hey only 0.75 basis points. I buy immediately and that's what I'm doing. I'm not telling that's what you should do I'm saying that's what I do. That's not financial advice. Anyhow, let me just think about that in the comment section That's the bulk of it. Now. Let's go to just some small things, which is just some housekeeping, which is this The merger uh, the ethereum merger is supposed to be coming down the pipe and it looks like The date is september 19th. This was from a tweet that they put out from A conference that's uh, I think it was an online conference that the different ethereum developers came out and said look Okay, this this this and on the week of the september 19th some around there That's when the potential merger day could be and everybody gets so excited And I was like, yeah, right I don't see this coming because I've heard the same thing about a bitcoin ETF And everybody got all hot and bothered for that one and I'm like that's not gonna happen. Sorry And I guess people are just getting tired of me They're getting tired of my negativity I suppose and it's not negativity It's just reality and I could lie to you and I could tell you yeah that ETF could happen It's not happening and then for this one I could say yeah, it could happen But maybe i'm wrong and I hope i'm wrong, but you have to remember This ethereum merge is just the second part of the third part and the trilogy Of whatever they want to call you 2.0 right now. I still am very bullish on ethereum Heck everything's built on it and polygon's layer 2 solution is fantastic. It was picked up by disney and a bunch of other different players and a lot of the different Dan D gen projects are actually built upon polygon because it's a super fast and super easy to use So I'm still bullish on it. I just don't know about this merger. So When I see these things I'm like, yeah, maybe it won't happen But that doesn't matter because uh, this is what the response was So ethereum total value in the e2.0 deposit contract just reached an all-time high of 13,000 13,000,000 that's pretty good At a very short amount of time. I think it was all because of the news So what does that mean? Hopefully take a look at defi lama links in the description. You can check this out as far as total value locked Here's the overall Total value locked is almost 80 billion in defi Locked up in this particular part and not that these things are relevant together. I mean, this is just great The e2.0 deposit contract. We take a look at the defi prospects and ethereum ethereum is 50 billion out of the entire 79 billion So again, I know when people say well, this one's gonna take over this one take over. I still like ethereum Just has that advantage and that's what's going on. So the question then becomes Well, is this going to be by the room or sell the news? potentially And I will just tell you if it was me and I was thinking about this and There's no news that comes out that that merger is not going to happen and I've got time I would take a look at that September 19th date and go Maybe that's an opportunity to do something. I'm not gonna say what that is But I'm just saying it's interesting that it comes out people lock up their ethereum and where things are going Oh, and by the way Uh, the price action as far as ethereum goes 10% over seven days, not too bad. Anyhow, which thing about that in the comment section and then let's finish up with Just real quick polygon post announcement This is uh I'm gonna mess this guy's name up for sure Uh, mihalo shellage No, I didn't did not nail that he's the Co-founder of polygon and he's been having these cryptic tweets that come out because as we already may have a minute No, disney picked it up polygon to Like an incubator type of program. It was one out of six and it was the only blockchain Our crypto digital asset that was actually picked up By disney to help them with their their ai I think it was metaverse plays and ft's So that's a big boost and then this gentleman says hey, just you know in four days. This was on July 16th Our dream we started Zero x polygon wasn't become the go-to web 3 platform one that will constantly push the frontiers in four days A new chapter will start polygon is reaching where we always wanted it to be Again, let's give you one of those by the room or sell the news But I can tell you that uh, that might mean a little bit of a pumping for polygon Take that as you will. So that's what's going on the polygon world. I own a bunch of polygon I think it's going to do great for full disclosure. I'm super biased. I think we all know that And let's move on to our last piece. So I did give you a lot of A lot of good stuff, right? Not too super negative. I didn't kick your teeth in today. You're welcome, but uh I can't do that constantly. So let's talk about some bad news. Here's the bad news You know, I'm a big fan of the four-year cycles Four-year cycles look like this There's a halving 2012 bitcoin halving. We get an all-time high dip or reset 2016 another halving 2017 all-time high dip resets 2020 which I thought was not going to happen, but it did there was a halving in 2020 That's going to happen. I knew that was going to happen because it always happens four years But I think the all-time high would would extend in 2022 and I was way wrong on that one all-time high We're on 67 000 and then we had a big dip and reset. That's why I think we're not going to see a lot of action until 2024 2025 You can look at that in two ways You can say yourself well that sucks not going to make too much gains or you can say gosh darn it I got two to three years to accumulate not telling what to do But uh, this is where I made all my money pretty much just Boring times. I wasn't around 2016 just an example, of course That's when I buy second best time when it's kind of shooting up and you can kind of write it up there just saying Those are the four-year cycles. There's this great book It's called the fourth turning and people when talking about you probably hear about it more Uh, you hear about it from actually some some bitcoiners out there and this was a book written in 1997 Getting a lot of traction lately for some reason And when it goes through it, it talks about the economic turmoil or the world turmoil Uh in four blocks and it's actually over 80 years, but they break them up into four 20 year periods Which is kind of odd That again You got four blocks four years. I'm not a conspiracy theorist, but this is just what it is There's a great video and it's by van. Nice that I've linked in the description. You can watch it. It's 10 minutes It takes this big fat book and it condensed into 10 minutes. It's awesome So here's what it is for these 20 years So going back before 1946 into the 1800s and 1700s It was the same thing over and over again, which I believe these cycles are the same thing over and over again And it's the same thing going on again. So they're talking about in these four year cycles just to just to really push this down Or bring this to light Is that we are actually on the last piece of these 20 20 year 20 40 60 80 the last piece Of these cohorts In these 80 year cycles and it always starts or ends, excuse me With some type of economic crisis and or a war I hate to say that but it's true. So the last one was It was the world war two victory 1946 and that's when Yeah, nice little war world war two came about Nice little victory and it leads to a little bit of uh, united states dominance for the next, you know For decades upon decades. So the first 20 years everything was on a pretty good Pretty good trajectory. There was economic growth. Same thing happened here with a little bit of a Of a difference as we start to really start to accelerate. They call it the awakening but then In the second half things start to as they call unravel. There's economic unrest. There's political unrest There are different problems and of course in the last piece which in the last or the fourth part of 20 years Which started with the 2008 2009 housing market crisis and bubble and crash Which is now we're potentially going into the last piece And I will just tell you this. It's kind of weird these 80 years stop with a war so 1945 was world war two it take 80 years before that was our civil war and roughly 85 years before that was our american revolutionary war And it seems like it all kind of keeps going again and again I'm not going to get into it But I just kind of was thought it was very interesting about how these things repeat How much it looked like the four year cycles before and how things just Kind of stay the same even though People say it's different and I got to tell you again. I just don't think it's different It's the same thing. I'm reading this book This time is different. Ryan Hart economic Economist goes over the last eight centuries of economic turmoil and just says how everything repeats So for me, I did take a look at this This to me is the prime opportunity to invest because I don't know what's going to happen 2028 or 2030 if everything rings true Does that mean it's definitely a true ring true because Rob said it? No I'm just saying it's just amazing how everything just repeats in a cycle So for me, this is the time to invest and get things going before just things turn to hell on a hand basket And yeah, that's it for that for that piece and lastly I'm sorry. That's pretty that's pretty grim That good news if you're not passive on wednesday, we're gonna do a little meetup I think we're gonna do it at coconuts on the Central part of town. So I'll give out the location and the times and all that stuff probably around four ish five ish Some around there. I'll make a coconuts got a couple friends that work there. So should be good times come and Meet me. We'll talk and we'll drown our Drown our sorrows and beers and tears. That's it for today. So look That's it for the news part. If you want to stick around for the q&a I'll try to answer your questions the best of my abilities and we'll go from there But if you got to take off it is sunday. Relax. You've earned it. It's been a tough crappy week So get out of here. If you want to stick around. Let's do that


This is the SF Productions podcast network From time to time I thought I'd go ahead and show you some of the bunker itself kind of like a museum. Let's take a look So this is a room divider where we have a lot of the figures we'll go over these There's some books at the bottom But let's start over on the left with the Simpsons figures So these were a series that playmates came out with in the 1990s all little Diarramas with the various characters hundreds of characters of course on the Simpsons and the interesting thing was each of the little Diarramets had these pegs and all of the characters had little holes on their feet and when you plugged in a character to any one of These dioramas they would play different sound clips for different characters So you had to kind of mix and match to find out everything that was available So unfortunately they all involve little watch batteries So I'm it would cost me a fortune to replace them all now after all these years So here's a better view a lot more detail here You see a lot of detail in the dioramas and of course because they can get computer Information off the animation that they've generated. It's very easy for them to generate really great likenesses of the various figures This is the largest set they generated the Main Street set it could plug in several figures There's a radioactive man and fallout boy Now this is a stonecutter set you had to mail away for these and there was going to be a building for this But they canceled the whole series before that happened Now we're on the other side of the room divider here some more of these sets again, they made just a boatload of these over the years and Still more and more sets And even more Here's some special sets including the Marge Giant Pez dispenser and The Homer soap on a rope and the Krusty doll with the good and evil switch on the back These are some various additional figures they created and at the bottom you'll see the Sets that they put out from Burger King for their happy meal things for a couple years And this is a special figure This is the one I don't have the radioactive glow-in-the-dark variant of that figure the Homer right there That's the one if I just mailed in I didn't do it. Oh well. This is a robot Santa and set that I got at a convention They put out a boatload of Barts just way too many of them and A few more future. I'm a figure is over here on the right This is Mindy's Pez collection We bought the this riser set online and the figures kind of lock into them with a little feet Kind of useful so they don't just fall over every time you breathe on them and some more pez and a few various other things right here And some more pez on the wall So she continues every once in a while to get more pez has mostly gotten out of that now and Yet more pez a few more rare variants some older ones here and then Near the bottom you'll see some special sets and this was for things like Lord of the Rings and Star Trek and Wizard of Oz and the Disney princesses This is just some Star Trek stuff. I collected this for a while See a lot of What they call unpackaged or loose figures here are some of the ships and a few of the weapons on Non-functional of course and now we get into more of the DC stuff and we also see Space ghost coast to coast and I can't believe they actually came out with this series This is when virtually anything that was available in animation was coming out More DC Superman flying lowest around and then we get into some PVC sets little toys for happy meals some silver age figures here and These are the super friends and some other figures as well There's a little close-up of the Legion of super pets crypto and streaky and hoppy and beppo and so really Happy that I was able to get the Legion of super pets and I always grab those when I can see them and there's they the set of the Marvel family and on the other side of the wall More of the PVC sets. There's a lot more silver age stuff also new gods and the birds of prey figures and Below that is the classic JLA versus the crime syndicate and yet more PVC sets Some little lunchboxes and This is the Kingdom come set and I'll get a closer shot here So this is from the Kingdom come mini series that came out late 90s a Really classic work if you have not read it in your comic fan. You you're really missing something It's kind of the supposed future of the DC you at least at that time So let's go to the wall and you see a lot of stuff here on the wall And we'll go through a few of these a lot of Futurama stuff. You see there's some of the Watchmen figures and These are the figures from the mystery men T movie that came out late 90s a great movie one of my favorite movies and it Really just didn't make it at the box office and these are the tick figures from the live action TV series Another thing you should really look for if you haven't seen it and these are relatively rare There's the captain Liberty They couldn't use American made as a character in the live action series and my favorite character I don't know why here are the Sandman and vertigo type figures over here a few more pes there and That kind of segues into Infinite crisis figures. You saw a smallville figure there. I Love that huge mongol figure and Then crisis on Infinite Earth figures as well painting up here some Silver Age Superman figures on the right there and This in kind of hard to see but it is in fact DC villains whole section for them and Then directly to their left are a group of legion of superheroes figures as you see they kind of changed formatting for the packaging over the years and This is a bunch of JSA figures and also some freedom fighters figures on the right and some miscellaneous figures the question blue beetle and the specter and This is a store fixture. I purchased at a warehouse and it houses all of the Weird variant Superman and Batman figures that cranked out boatloads of them in the 80s and 90s and still do and Some more generic justice league heroes and various incarnations. There's a couple red tornadoes there Going all the way down to that justice series that they put out and There's some me go figures over here on the left and some justice league international figures history of DCU figures. I Really love those me go Recreations are not the originals. I couldn't afford those and these are die-cast figures based on various media properties Collected these for a little while. I Don't know why Superman needs his own car And these are breakfast cereal boxes a lot of them from the Simpsons movie when it came out There's a Star Trek one the next Star Trek one. You'll see Rice Krispies I actually had to go over to Canada to get and these are a series of prints from Adam Hughes well-known comic book artist Pick these up a while back now for a change of pace. These are obviously old computers This is a actually working Commodore pet computer I got these from my father-in-law who was about to throw them out. He had purchased computers all these years There's a radio shack TRS-80 or trash 80. They were referred to model one and This is an Apple 2 plus And here's a detail shot of the trash 80 with the expansion console. I Just couldn't bear to have these thrown out and a close-up shot of the Apple 2 plus with the additional hard drives Be sure to check out our audio podcast how I got my way through comics on iTunes or you can check out SF podcast network.com Thanks for watching


Hey, how's everybody doing today? This is your boy, Rich, and I'm here with a very special guest. I'm here with Luke, who is the man when it comes to CBDs. How are you doing today, Luke? Oh, we're doing fantastic. As a company, we've really progressed this year. We started out with an innovative water, sports performance CBD water. It's been very successful. It's gotten into many stores, including 7-Eleven in the States. We're looking to expand upon that success with, you know, we're working on a deal potentially with Walmart pet food is what they're looking to infuse with CBD, you know, Coca-Cola.  But the truth of the matter is I've got the Intel is that they're going to move forward with cost of coffee. It's a company based out of UK. They're going to use coffee with CBD. Wow. That's amazing properties about CBD. It's a neuroprotector. It helps to control and maintain, you know, regulate so your heart rate's not going crazy when you have coffee. It gives you nice even flow. You're getting the energy levels, but it's helping to manage it.  And what's going to be after that is CBD. This is what they predicted by 2025 that 20% of beverages will have CBD in them. Well, you're getting into the benefits of CBDs and that's what this topic is, the benefits of CBDs. So now that we're talking about the benefits of CBDs, how can people get involved? What are you looking for? Are you looking for public companies? Are you looking for licensed producers? What exactly are you looking for? How can the people at home that are watching that are in Europe, that are in America, that are in Canada, how can they get involved, Luke? Tell us. Well, a couple of ways, if you go to the puricure.ca website and just fill in your information, we'll reach out to you. We just, everyone has a different model of what they're looking for. You know, we can sell bulk material. We've got a lot of input material. We've got 600 kilos coming out of the isolate, 99.5% is coming out of Colorado in the next few weeks that's ready to sell so people could buy isolate. We can nano emulsify, meaning put it into a water-soluble compound so that it can be put into beverages. So if you're correct, you have 600 kilos of isolate in Colorado and if there's a public company or licensed producer in America specifically, there's the potential that we can provide them with isolate. Is that correct? Because people are looking for isolate. Yeah, that's correct. And then additionally, one step further, we have co-packing facilities in Arizona and Colorado that we can bring to the table. We have a catalog that we can share with people and we can white-label a lot of products for people. When it's white-labeled, we're able to ship into Europe. So when it's a food supplement, we can get it into certain countries, the UK being one of them, Czech Republic being another one. There's different regulations between medical and food grade in Europe, but those two countries we can easily ship in once it's made into a product. Isolate is difficult, a single molecule. But we can sell the isolate in the States. In March, we have Columbia coming online that will be producing every month isolate for us out of 2400 acres. So we get a nice consistent flow coming of material. Out of Columbia. Yeah, exactly. So it's one of the better climates to grow. Because it's a warm climate, so it's more susceptible for growth. Is that what you're saying? Yeah, exactly. So the input materials is super important, but then what are the delivery systems? Okay, we've talked about beverages. There's roller balls. There's capsules. There's tinctures. There's oral spray. There's so many different things that can be done. And it's just a matter of reaching out to us, telling us what you're looking for, and we can help advise you. You know, the truth of the matter is we've got a lot of knowledge, and we don't mind sharing it. And a lot of people are competitive in this industry. What we like to do is uplift, all ships rise with tide, we feel. And we've got so much input material, we really want to get it out there to the masses and huge demand. And there's a very limited supply this year. Because you've got the hurricanes, the forest fires, so there is a limited window here where there won't be any more material available. So if you get on it now, then you'll be one of our preferred vendors, and we'll make sure that you always get that input material. But you know, it's about reaching out to us now. And if somebody is in America or Europe, and they want to be a distributor, how would they go about doing that? So yeah, reach out to us on prairiepeer.ca, fill out the intake form there. We'll understand better what model you're looking for, and then we can give you the information not to overload you with information. And we can give you exactly what you're looking for. But if it's Europe, generally it's going to need to be a food grade product that's a supplement. And that's not going to be able to ship isolate. In the United States, we can sell isolates. And it's very secure, it's done with Guarda. It's basically like a bank delivery system for cash, where they bring the material and then drive it to you inside the chain of custody. So it's very credible in the way that it's done into a proper system. It's not just a bunch of people trying to figure it out. We have the system down to move it quickly and effectively. Now if you could break down some of the key benefits of CBDs, what would they be? So the two most important benefits for cannaboids and CBDs included in that is the mood and your immune system.  It's so closely linked.  And when one is haywire, generally the other one is as well. So that's what cannaboids do. When you're taking CBD especially, it's helping to regulate your mood. It's not changing it where you're getting high like THC. It's just regulating it so you feel nice calm and balanced and focused. And then additionally, it's helping to regulate your immune system. So everything that's to do with your cells and inflammation. So any headaches or joint issues, MS patients, it's worked wonders with. So there's a tremendous amount of things. Almost all illnesses are inflammation based. So it really does help to solve most things. It's just a matter of taking it. Everyone gets a different experience from it. But if you go online, there's many testimonials. And if you type in an ailment in CBD, there will be a lot of information that comes up. That is so great. Thank you for your time today again, Luke. Keep up all the great work. Thank you for keeping us updated on what's happening here in the CBD industry. I love what you're doing. And remember, guys, if you're not winning, you're not watching. Rich TV Lab is strictly for education, entertainment purposes. Do your due diligence, do your research. Learn about CBDs.  We can get in contact directly with Luke at prairiepeer.ca. And we're out. Thank you.


Hey guys This is just a little elaboration on the on the voltage doubling circuit No, I Did use the center tap and made this a dual power supply But I'll just come back to the voltage double F because we've already got 14 volts Coming from this AC What if you needed like, you know 30 plus volts what if you needed 35 volts from it? Is that possible? Yeah, I mean it's we can we can do the variable of course, so it's the voltage doubling circuit No problem, and then we just we check on a NLM 317 This one is an LM 317 HV Which is the higher voltage. I think this one goes up to 50 volts I'm not sure but look I'll just check on a little thing down there We got the minimum I mean we can make that smaller we can definitely make that smaller we can just take a Stick a couple of diodes on the output Yeah, there are two diodes to do it on the output. This thing's 1.5 amps. So stick a couple of 223 amp diodes on there And it will drop the voltage enough to bring that down to zero If they're 0.7 each, you know, we're bringing that down to pretty much zero if the forward voltage was 0.7 volts On the diodes, so basically now we've got a little voltage doubling circuit and we can turn this up And up we go So that's past what we get from the output of that little transformer We just keep getting up that's 30 volts 35 6 And that's it that's it So you've got 26.6 volts of course we had to lose a few volts across the regulator there Smallest That's basic rule circuit now really, you know an orphan has to actually use this circuit. You know you wouldn't be able to I don't think for a lot of things You know with some capacitors You might even want to stick a diode and from the output of this to the input Just make sure anything that comes back from that capacitor doesn't try and kick in the doors of the output Just gives it a little circuit back around Which year Just elaborated on the It's not the dual splite was it? No, it's a voltage doubling circuit Had to build something quite similar For a power supply for this thing here Because I didn't have one that would work so I have to build a little voltage doubling circuit for that and then regulate it And mmm, but it just give me enough power to get it to work So it's just a quick just to show you what actually happens when you put a bit of a load on it No, it's just this fan This fan is set. So I think it's like 11 and a half volts on that little buck converter on the top there So we're gonna expect that to use a little bit of the voltage we're gonna expect the The LM 317 I must have the HV to that Because it's a bit of a special I'm actually gonna get the Complementary for the HV side of that for the native side In here So, right, so what we got then is Slap that down there. Okay It's pumping out quite well, but the highest we can go up with this now is 24.5 20 point there you go. Well, you get to see the highest we can go The fan doesn't die.  Cheers watching guys. Bye


Good morning, Argo Khan. That was a little lame, so let's one more time. Good morning, Argo Khan. How many folks were at the workshops yesterday? Everyone? That's incredible. It was great to meet you yesterday. If for some reason I haven't met you yet, please come see me. I'll be at the Intuit booth later today. So thank you for joining us. Can you believe that we're in a room together? Considering last year it was all virtual, this is really exciting. We have an incredible day planned for everyone here. We have some excellent talks, of course, all about Argo. So whether you're new to Argo or maybe you're currently using Argo, we hope that you'll leave inspired today. We hope you get a chance to connect with others and know that the person sitting next to you on your left and right is just as passionate about Argo as you are. Today you'll get a chance to interact with project maintainers. You'll learn from other practitioners and hopefully walk away with some best practices on how to adopt, enable, and scale Argo. So a huge thank you to all of our sponsors that make this possible, especially our diamond sponsors. Lead this out, yeah, thank you. Adobe, Acuity, CodeFresh, Parnas, Intuit, Red Hat, thank you. And of course, our Platinum sponsors. Yeah, sure, give them a cheer too. Nethopper.io, Opsmix Platform 9, thank you. And of course, a special thank you to the program committee who reviewed all the incredible abstracts and submissions and helped put together the content today. Thank you program committee. Okay, little housekeeping. So one, you should know we are in a very cool spot. Who has been to the Computer History Museum before? Way less hands than those attended the workshops. Good, because tonight you'll have full access. So walk around, check it out, get into the history, it's very cool. And also very important, know that there is an event, Code of Conduct. In short, everyone should feel welcome, included. You treat everyone with respect, professionalism. You're here, so you've already checked the box to abide by that Code of Conduct. Thank you very much. And know that all those great sponsors that we thanked earlier will be in the showcase. So stop by, learn more, I saw some swag. I know there's plushies floating around, limited edition, so get on that. Okay, enough talking from me. I'm very excited to introduce our first keynote speaker, the executive director of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, please welcome to the stage with major energy, Priyanka Sharma. Everybody, excited to be here. Welcome to ArgoCon, we've established we're at ArgoCon. Does everyone know they're at ArgoCon? It's such a cool energy over here. I'm so thrilled to see it. For those who don't know much about me, I am the executive director of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, which is the home for the Argo projects. So we are the home for the Argo projects, but generally, what really is CNCF? How many folks here are familiar with the Cloud Native Computing Foundation? Oh, awesome, that's great. So I can just skip the slide. You know that we are the home, vendor-neutral home for many of the most critical and fastest-growing open source projects, such as Kubernetes, Prometheus, Envy, and of course, the Argo quadruplets. With all the technologies that are in CNCF, we have 800-plus members that support the foundation. And they do this because they believe in our mission, they want to support the rise of Cloud Native. And you see some examples of companies here. Many of you work for folks on this logo wall. Intuit, for example, is such a great partner. We do so much with them, led by Pratik and his team. So all these folks, and many more in this ecosystem, believe in our mission at CNCF, which is making Cloud Native ubiquitous. So it's kind of funny, right? You're like, we're the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. We're making Cloud Native ubiquitous. It's kind of tautological, like we're dancing around the question, what is Cloud Native? Well, we actually are not dancing around the question. Just need maybe better marketing, but we do provide a specific definition of what is Cloud Native. Many of you may have read this, but the idea where it all came together was empowering organizations to build and run scalable applications in modern dynamic environments, such as public, private, and hybrid clouds. Containers, service meshes, microservices, immutable infrastructure, and declarative APIs exemplify this approach. These techniques enable loosely coupled systems that are resilient, manageable, and observable. Combined with robust automation, they allow engineers to make high impact changes frequently and predictably with minimum toil. You may wonder why I read this whole thing out. It will make sense as I go through the presentation. You'll see. So this whole journey with what is Cloud Native, how do we define ourselves, started from the CNCF perspective in 2015, when Google donated Kubernetes to begin this new foundation. That was project number one. Kubernetes itself was part of a long history. I mean, just as recent as 2000s, we were on non-virtualized hardware. Then VMware and VMs became a thing. Then it came infrastructure as a service. AWS really put it out there for everyone, even though it existed a little before. Paz with Heroku over time, keep developing, and then Docker really made containers mainstream. Kubernetes, as you know, really sprung to fame because it did such a good job of helping dynamically orchestrate workloads for best resource utilization. That was the beginning. Today, CNCF has 145 projects. In a couple of months, this number will be different because we have regular reviews of projects trying to come in. We have over 169,000 contributors representing 187 countries. By the way, if you check how many countries are in their world, depends on who you ask really, but it's either 193 or 195. So we're pretty close to maximum coverage. So these projects that we just mentioned, they're in categories, the graduated projects, incubating projects, and sandbox. Argo projects are in the incubating category, which means they're very solid technologies, have a great community behind them, and they're really building up to get to that mass adoption stage which comes when you are at the graduated level. So there's lots of projects, lots of contributors. That's all great news. But I think even more interesting to me particularly is the velocity. When you look at it, just a year ago, it was only 114 projects, only 137,000 contributors. The country number has not changed much. So as I said, we're soon hitting the maximum limit, so I'm not feeling too terribly about that. Why is this happening? Well, because so many diverse people are involved at this point. Independent research tells us that 7.1 million folks are cloud-native developers, and that includes all of you in this room. And that huge community and ecosystem is part of the story of Argo's momentum, which truly exemplifies end user-driven open source. So remember I was talking about the definition and said I swear this makes sense later. This is because here I wanna highlight to you how the Argo projects are truly part of the cloud-native story and definition. When you're trying to build scalable applications, thinking of modern dynamic environments, the CD story is critical. The immutable infrastructure, again, about CD. Argo projects themselves have declarative APIs, help the developers use them easily. Projects are resilient, manageable, and observable. You all know this. With the get-off story, you're providing the robust automation folks need to make high impact changes frequently and predictively. The Argo story is tightly knit with the cloud-native journey people need to take. You are all contributing to helping the world build modern software successfully. The beginning was impressive from the start. April 7, 2020, the Technical Oversight Committee of CNCF welcomed Argo into the CNCF Incurator. And this was at a point where you had multi-vendor, multiple end user developers contributing. Since in those two years though, look at this. Argo is the number three highest velocity project in CNCF. This deserves a round of applause. When I talk about velocity, it's a combination number of number of PRs and issues, commits, and authors. So combine those three and you get the top three. Number one is Kubernetes, which started so long ago and joined in 2015. Number two is Hotel OpenTelemetry. Technically joined 2019, but I was working in OpenTracing in 2015, so it's like, what was the true real beginning anyway? And then you have Argo, which came recently and burst into the scene. This is really something to be proud of. This slide deck here, it links to the velocity report that we generate. You can look at it at any time to see where all the projects are at. Anywho, and if you look at your development velocity, it's up and to the right, just the way I like my graphs. The CNCF, the growth you had, violent CNCF is nothing short of impressive. 300% plus increase in contributions, 24% plus increase in companies. 579 companies have put in documentation commits. You've close to 9,000 contributors today.  There were 425 companies to the 2,374 now. So it's not just high numbers percentage-wise, it's just high numbers period. So many companies, Intuit, CodeFresh, BlackRock, Acuity, Commonwealth Computer Research, who I just found out about, SwissPost, Alibaba, all kinds of diverse people are part of this journey. And that shows when you look at the contributor map. So many people around the world. By the way, I checked. There is like one or two people in Angola who are doing all these contributions from that country. Someone should go hire them. The CNCF-ARGO partnership is part of this beautiful journey and success story. What makes ARGO tick? Well, first of all, the technology. You have an awesome set of projects that provide folks a choice for GitOps as a part of a trusted ecosystem. You're relevant right now and you're really good. The diversity that you have of both end users and vendors behind the project gives you strength that is unparalleled. And finally, you folks work hard. You work with CNCF to utilize benefits, put the word out there and just do everything possible to help ARGO reach new heights. You'll hear from Pratik soon. He's just gonna tell you some really cool things which blew my mind. It's all about the effort. And there's so many things we work with CNCF-ARGO on. We provide the platform and the team to support for exposure. We do online programs, content creation, research, all kinds of things. I don't have time to go into the link that I have under Prolific, but if you click on it, you see almost every week. No, definitely every week. There is some cool effort. Someone did an online program, a webinar, a report that ARGO is doing. The media loves ARGO. There's 520 articles this year alone. The case studies are for everyone to look at. They are detailed and actually show impact. 88% meantime to resolution improvement is nothing to be sneezed at. But it's not just marketing. We work together to improve the project and be safety first. So ARGO took advantage of the relationship CNCF has with the AUSTIV, or the Open Source Technology Improvement Fund, and we did a security audit. We identified 26 issues in different projects of ARGO and everything is being worked on. Some as CVEs, some as non-CVEs, but the effort is on because security first. CNCF and ARGO are deep collaborators. Every month, a quarter, our collaboration takes new shape. Pratik and Hendrik from Intuit, for example, collaborate with us on this thing called the CTO Summit, which is a research event for end users to support everyone in their cloud-native journey. That's just one example of all the cool things that are happening. This event is another example of coming together, working hard to deliver the best for the ARGO community. This is ARGO and this is CNCF. Together, we are unstoppable. And now, I would like to invite Pratik Wader from Intuit to speak about ARGO. Please welcome Pratik. Well, good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening as well, because we are from everywhere. I know you're all here, but I was told there's actually quite a few people online and virtual. So welcome. Thank you, Priyanka, for that wonderful introduction to ARGO and our journey, by the way. This is an amazing journey. I was actually feeling pretty humbled as I walked through today and I saw all these big banners and never in my life would have imagined this project that we started five years ago would be where we are today. And it's a testament to all of you. To all of you that actually contribute on a daily basis, whether it's on the project, whether it's in the companies that you work for, whether it's improving the lives of the developers that you work for, it's amazing to see all of this. And before I start, I want to wish ARGO a very, very happy birthday. It's actually, so I mentioned, but it is five years. So Priyanka mentioned 2020 is when we actually incubated ARGO within the CNCF. The ARGO journey actually started in 2017. I distinctly remember talking about ARGO at a KubeCon. So it's a KubeCon 2017. On the way back, Mukulika sitting right here, we were all pumped about rolling out ARGO. We actually had our first user. We had someone from NVIDIA of all the companies. We met someone. And they were texting us on the plane and at the airport about using ARGO. So imagine that journey when we started and where we are today. It's a very important milestone. And again, having been part of this journey since the inception, I'm just always humbled and proud of what this community achieves on a daily basis. So again, thank you very much to all of you. This is gonna be an exciting day. I was actually very, very happy to see some of you at the workshop yesterday. So I hope you actually had a great time. And I look forward to talking with all of you today. So this is ARGOCon. This is actually our second official ARGOCon. We had our first virtual ARGOCon last year. We were very surprised at the number of people that showed up. And it continues, our journey continues. Today, I'm actually very happy and thankful that ARGOCon actually comes under the CNCF's wings. So you may have seen CNCF is actually hosting, participating and driving. And supporting this community. So again, thank you a lot to the CNCF community. Please, a lot of applause. Now, Priyanka shared some incredible growth of the cloud native journey and ARGO. It's very clear that ARGO as a community is thriving within the CNCF and the community that forms it. And we're all rallying to actually invest and make it grow. The main things that I want to focus on, though, is our growth. So last year, I actually showed this picture, it doesn't include all the companies. By the way, the way we track this, in case you don't know, is, I don't just come up with these names, but we do have in our Git repo, a way for any company to actually formally associate themselves with the ARGO project. And that's how we track it. So these are referenceable names that are actually in the Git repo of companies that are using ARGO. These are just some of the names, but in 2021, we had about 200 companies in that list. Well, guess what? We're in 2022, we have 380 companies. And these are official public references. It's almost double since we started. And as you can see, it's everywhere. I look at all these companies, and it's amazing to see all of you, and it's all of you, actually, by the way, that make it useful. I call it, this is our widening, our orbit of Argonauts everywhere. Love to see this, and love to see more of it. By the way, look at this. This is since December of last year. At ARGO, on 2021, we had about 17,000 stars. Today, we have over 25,000. For those of you that don't care about stars, I do care about stars. That's a way of keeping score. But if you look at the number of contributors, on average, we are adding six new contributors every day. Our community has grown by 2,000 people in a mere nine months. It's amazing and foundational growth of the platform. And all of this growth and success, it wouldn't be possible if we weren't able to delight our users. I mentioned this yesterday that when we created ARGO, the whole notion of ARGO is not just an open source project, it's a product. We need to think of ARGO as a product, and all of you, as your contributors and users, you need to think of it as a product. We need to design it and build it as a product. And one of the things we do that, just like any other product-based company does, is we measure NPS. And we do that through our yearly survey to look at what our users are saying, what they're like, what they don't like, and how do we improve the product. Now, for those of you who don't know about NPS scores, that 72 is an awesome NPS score for ARGO CD and an impressive score for ARGO workflows. So again, a huge round of applause for all of you for that. And we can see the growth, we can see the explosive growth in the number of contributors. I personally love that. I love to see that sea of blue, which was into it when we started, and a platix when we started, going down. This is fundamental to the success of an open-source project. It means the community is growing, the community continues to invest in the project, and it's not just one company driving it. All of you, this diversification that I see of the contributors that are coming in is very important. And all of you should feel very proud because you are critical to the success of ARGO. And we continue to grow. So as I said, we have a lot of maintainers. Look at the new ones. Please congratulate me on welcoming the new maintainers. Same goes for approvers. That list is growing. And our leaves. I'm excited about seeing this. This is the growth of not just the community, but people that actually contribute and lead this project. So please, again, continue doing what you're doing and make it successful. Now, where do we go from here? We've talked about ARGO CD. We've talked about ARGO workflows, events, rollouts. It's been amazing to see that journey. And as we start looking forward for the project, there are a number of areas that I begin to look at. So as Priyanka talked about, at CubeCon EU, we actually brought in a number of influential leaders, technology leaders from all sorts of companies to talk about the next set of challenges that they are facing in their companies and their environments. Three major themes started popping up as we started talking to these folks. The first one was security. Security is paramount as these tools like ARGO are used across the ecosystem of developers in a company. So making sure that the products are secure to use and available internally or externally over the cloud is important. Now, we have set ourselves a very high bar. By the way, I come from into it. As you know, security is paramount. We actually store over 70 million customers, personal data, taxes, businesses. So security is extremely important for us. And this is something that we have been focused on from day one. But it was still gratifying to see the partnership that we did to actually make ARGO even more robust and solid. Operational excellence is another one, right? As I talked to a lot of leaders across the spectrum, what they told me is like, hey, it was very easy to start using ARGO. It was very easy to start using Kubernetes. But as we scaled and as we grew, how do you manage these environments? How do you make it easier for our users to actually use this without learning all the intricacies of cloud native? And we've made it very simple. Kubernetes is extremely simple. But I know I face it first-hand when I have, I support over 7,000 developers that into it. And when you have a front-end developer that has to think about pod disruption budgets and PDBs and namespaces, great. We need to make it even more simpler. So the last one is around development velocity. And again, we talk about velocity. So we need to figure out how to enable every developer to move at speed in an organization. What we focus on is we need to be smarter platforms, make the experience extremely simple. And there are two themes that I'm going to highlight here today, and you're going to hear about it in the set of speakers that come next today. But using AI and ML, and that's a very widely used term in the industry today, everyone that I know of is doing something with AI and ML. What you're going to hear today is the journey that some of the companies here are embarking on and some have actually gone a lot further about actually employing these technologies in areas where it matters. So for example, when you start thinking about operational excellence and you start thinking about what developers worry about, what's the mean time to detect when something's going wrong, what's the mean time to restore when something has gone wrong. How do you find these things very quickly is an important thing. We talk about observability. Well, observability in its natural form consists of logging and monitoring and tracing. Well, guess what?  And that's what this area is going to focus on for us. And Argo actually stands at the threshold of making it very easy for companies and for our users to adopt this. The second area is around application abstraction. I talked about making it easy for developers. Developers at any stage of development, whether it's a front-end developer, whether it's a mid-middle-layer developer or someone that's walking on the back end or someone that's actually developing and supporting the actual infrastructure. Not everyone needs to understand all the intricacies of Kubernetes or Argo. So one of the things we need to really start thinking about is how do we abstract the application layer and make it extremely simple for developers to start using these technologies. So these are two themes that you're going to hear about today. And please, one of the things that I want to hear today is how do we make it easy? Because I know that you use this on a daily basis and you probably have a lot of feedback that you're giving already, but you may not be thinking about all the developers in your ecosystem and how do we make it easy for all of them. So it's very important for us as a community to really start thinking about this and focusing on it. So let's talk about smart platforms and AI ops. The next generation of platforms, as I mentioned, will automatically be required to detect and isolate problems with data, real-time analytics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, using similar models. And with containers and cloud-native technologies, we see infrastructure creation, app development is happening faster. For sure, it's improved dramatically. Just an intuit, we have seen a 6x increase in velocity. How do we measure velocity? We measure velocity by looking at a release every developer does every week. That's a simple measure. What gets pushed out to our customers? I don't look at lines of code, I don't look at commits, I just look at what did our customers get at the end of the day. So when I see this, we have seen a 6x increase in the number of releases that we have done to our customers. But collectively as an industry, we have a long way to go to isolate issues in production, to improve security, operational excellence. All of these things need to be tied into an overall platform. For example, why should developers have to configure autoscaling? It should just happen. In the majority of cases, it should just happen. Why do they have to configure HPAs and VPAs? Yes, for some of you that have very complex environments, great. But for the majority of developers, they don't need to do this. For the majority of capabilities, they don't need to do this. Why do developers have to review hundreds of metrics from real user like monitoring and golden signals? Why can't a system automatically detect variances in this metric and automatically raise an alert? So when we start thinking about progressive delivery, for example, we have Argo rollouts that actually allows you to do real-time analysis based on signals. But when you actually combine this with AI models and training, and you do an automated analysis of thousands of metrics to guide the road forward and back, that's the true power of making it simple. And this is the approach that Intuit has taken, but I also know you have Adobe's here in the house today. Please welcome Adobe. And you may hear from Adobe they're taking also a similar approach in building their smart platforms. But as a guide, for example, at Intuit, our long-term goal is to be under five minutes to detect any issue and under 40 minutes to resolve any issue for any issue. Now you may say 40 minutes, that's a long time. Well, for a company that is 40 years old and has pretty much every imaginable technology that you can imagine being used, 40 minutes is actually still a tremendous improvement. So, again, the focus for us today and moving forward, I think, is two areas I really want to start thinking about and bringing the community around. Similarly, when you talk about application abstraction and velocity, you know, while Kubernetes-powered infrastructure has increased development velocity, it is still hard for app developers. You know, these developers want their app needs to be met. They don't want to configure infrastructure. Even though it's simple, they don't, right? Developers should just be able to define, for example, their ingress endpoint needs. Whether it should be internally accessible or externally, it doesn't matter. They shouldn't have to configure a service mesh and an API gateway and ALBs. Even though it's available as a service and it's easy to do, but why? A great platform experience translates app needs into infrastructure configurations automatically. Define what your app needs and the infrastructure should behave in the right manner. There are technologies and standards like the open application model that was created by Alibaba, Dapper, you know, by Microsoft. That should be part of all of our forward-looking paths, right? Bringing these technologies together should be what we do. And Argo is amazingly positioned to allow us to do this. I especially love the direction we're now taking of allowing plugins and modular add-ins to things like Argo CD. We should enable a lot of these kind of technologies to come in and to allow everyone to actually tailor their needs. So, I'm hearing rumors, by the way. I heard rumors that Argo is traveling to brand-new worlds outside of this universe. More will be revealed throughout the day about this new chapter of the Argonauts, but we do have some spaceships, actually. And today, I guess you're going to see why Argo is moving at light speed, right? So, I really, really want to again thank all of you to continue the momentum. We need your expertise. We need your help. And with that, I'd like to invite Priyanka back on stage to kick off the day. Thank you so much, Pratik. I learned so much today. Argo is really... I think this is just the beginning. I can't imagine what we'll be talking about next year. We'll already be on the other planets. So, now that we've talked about all the awesome things happening here, I'd love for us to continue this conversation today, tomorrow, and then next month at KubeCon Cloud NativeCon North America that's happening in Detroit from October 24 to 28. We would love for you all to attend. There'll be lots of Argo talks. There'll be lots of folks, as many in this room, for the new people to meet who are interested in the quadruplets, as I've started calling them in my head. And it's a chance to expand your community, welcome more people in. So, I really hope to see you all there at KubeCon Cloud NativeCon in Motown. And... So, as I mentioned, by the way, we do have a new format or a summit that we have started. Thanks to Priyanka for actually starting this. But we would like to really, really bring our end users in to hear the end user viewpoints, to understand what challenges they're facing. And so, if you're an end user, an engineering leader in an end user organization, please apply to join us at the CTO Summit. We're going to be hosting it again at KubeCon Detroit. We'd love to hear from you, host you, and drive it. Thank you very much. Thank you so much.


Hi there, it's Sandy coming to you from the Virtual Studio and I want to show you my trick for fixing gunked up markers. These are Copic markers that have pigment that's collecting in one spot or pigment that's vacating one spot. So you get a dark or a light spot on the nib. And there's other times when you'll get little parts that hang off the nib, it's just kind of starting to break up a little bit. This trick sometimes works for that. But I'm going to show you this one today. It's when the marker gets crystalline and I don't know why it does this, but I know how to fix it. So that's what I'm going to show you today. You can try this trick on any marker nib that you're going to replace anyway. Try this trick first just to see if it works.  I learned it from somebody else like a decade ago. I do not remember for the life of me who it was, but thank you to them because I've done this for a long time and I've talked about it, but not showed it. So take some of your colorless blender either from the little bottle or the big bottle and put a little bit of it into the corner of a lunch bag, just a regular old plastic lunch bag.  And then take your crusty nasty marker and stick it in the corner where all that colorless blender is and start to massage it in. As I'm doing this with the crusty one, I can almost feel the melting away all those little crystalline bits. You may or may not feel something. When you take it out after, you know, it can be like 30 seconds of doing this, the nib will be discolored in a lighter fashion because it's got more colorless blender in it. But as you scribble with it, it's going to start to work again and the color is going to restore. You may need to reink it, but there you go. More tips like this are in the virtual studio free class, link in the doobly-doo. If you have not signed up for that one yet, I will see you all later on. Take care. Bye-bye.


How do you do runs? Probably interested in my goatee. Thank you. I'm doing well We went from summer to winter in the Northeast So that's a little bit of a bummer Rosa Ranch, but I'm doing generally well. How are you doing? I'm doing good. It's been beautiful out though the fall leaves are they aren't gone yet, so it's been pretty I've been enjoying driving around town aimlessly to put my kids to sleep leaves, and we'll drop them Zach will do the forest comp music Mine went straight at my face Welcome and now let's head to the sports Jake Jim We're catching up on some old baseball We've been lost in the postseason your San Diego Padres took out a hundred million dollar loan to help pay for being The San Diego Padres which feels a little worrisome. No I think what I want the people to know from this story is a tip of the cap to you you Said as soon as the Padres paid for all these players and they were reportedly in on judge And they were reportedly in on all these players you said I don't think they have this money And we said what and you said I think there's gonna be a 30 for 30 that comes out says Padres Didn't actually have this money me and Trev were like what and now it was less than a year later came out They didn't have the money. I could run a baseball team if someone trusts me give me a loan Hey, if you could give me a hundred million dollars extra to run the team Yeah, I don't know they they gave out a lot of extension They're like yay baseball yay baseball and then they gave out a couple that everyone was like alright slow it down slow it down Crone and worth who's who's kind of like a utile guy for them who? Darvish now they're saying the people that gave the loan they were saying even if we don't win We're gonna boost our sales and be able to pay this back Did that work because if this works is this a future strategy? No idea. Is it legal? Oh new report They're gonna one soda to the Yankees That changes everything from the future And it ties into this almost a breakdown that you've been telling the whole office about you would need a pen This is a video that I would tell everyone about this deer Jumps over two cars easily. Oh dear. I Didn't know a deer could clear the car. Have you seen this video athletes? Jumps over the two cars it hits the third car Which happens to be a truck that happens to be for sale and the guy buying the truck happens to pull up Just as the deer hits it truck for sale And now it's getting out to the media people haven't questioned whether the purchaser dropped the deer off down the street It's like alright and count to 30 seconds run and jump into that truck gets $900 off the price the owner of the trucks like yeah, I had to bump it down He had a good point got dent in it because that kid in the playing basketball who had a tryout later that day He mentioned that I was playing basketball and drive away. I got a tryout later today On his mind, okay, that's a huge day for a kid. Yeah, that's he's never gonna forget this day Well now that the news is all over it What do you think about our one friend who grown up was fat and the coach used to make him roll and dive for the Ball every tryouts, but then he wouldn't make the team, but he just want to show the other team What effort was mascot tryout didn't know Jim and more sports Texas A&M Uses a quarterback decoy and warm-ups. This hits a couple keynotes. It's tough We don't have the Jake mask here right now because it would be good usage But he just got used in jam warehouse. Go check that out This is tough because we've got the only player wearing a hat on the field Oh quarterback wearing the wrong uniform who's a quarterback. Yeah pretending to be the hurt quarterback I hand up I find no issue with this like I think they're I think people are doing too hard of a witch hunt This is funny and Fine They sent the backup QB out there said hey, why don't you go where the start in QB's Jersey trick them into thinking it's you And put a hat on no one's actually gonna fall for it because we have cameras and zoom lenses, right? I think this is harmless. I think people are just it's the top of the stink pile But I think this is funny and more coaches should do it the coach Jimbo Fisher three two one ten. Oh, wow Biggest gap ever Jimbo Jimbo Fisher for a football coach. Yeah, it's a great name Yeah, they got he got fired after the game collects a ton of money good for him happy for him bad for Texas and I'm put that back It was gentle But yeah, I wasn't related to this but do you like they walked it back. They said that the other guy lost his uniform So they did that.  Yes. Yes. So it wasn't the best disguise. No, that's why it's so funny You should switch your clothes to row back. Yeah. Oh row back. This is a new line Like I guess I have the summer hoodies and this is a winter hoodie. This is delightfully comfortable.  Huh?  You don't think a guy and a gal can go snorkeling in the Florida muds just as as friends as far as I know it was just the two of them.  Yeah non boyfriend real tough label. That's what he can You can come back from being a friend non boyfriend. You can't come back from that's what he is perpetually sad Not this person. It's the employee of the week. It's the employee of the week ploy of the week goes to mystery mystery Alaska Good film always go there good film. Anyway, you you'll find out of march who these winners are not now It's a mystery not then end of march To could be us That's the end of the show Today's show is brought to you by row back the best fit and the best feel row back continues to bring a new meaning to the word Quality with several new pants fleeces and teas recently released It keeps getting better row backs performance hoodies are the softest stretchiest hoodies in the game Use code dumb on row back dot com for a generous 20 off your first order.