Hello, in this discussion question we will discuss the question of does an accrual method overstate assets and revenue? This question and the discussion of this question will give us a better concept of what the accrual method is and the difference between an accrual method and a cash method because we often will have to contrast accrual method versus a cash method when discussing a question such as this. This is a question that often comes up when presenting topics of an accrual nature, both by students that are just learning accounting and often by students who have already had some accounting experience, often in small business experience where they would assume in many cases that a cash method would be better because the cash method would not recognize revenue until cash is received. In other words, an accrual method when presented to many people especially when discussing an accrual method related to an invoice when we do work in invoice a client recognizing revenue at the point of the invoice. There's often concern that we are recognizing revenue before the point in time that we actually receive the cash and are therefore overstating the revenue and that's something that we've heard many times and it's an interesting topic to take a look at. That's going to be one of the of course the accrual transactions. So in order to answer an essay question like this, we would first want to compare and contrast it to something. Clearly if we're saying that if we are asking the question of whether an accrual method overstates assets or revenue, we must compare or contrast that to something else. So although a cash method is not mentioned in a question like that, we're going to have to compare it to probably a cash method to some other method and look at the comparisons between those two methods. As we do that, as we think about the cash method and the accrual method, we have to think about where those two things differ, those two things differ in the timing statements. When we are going to record the timing statements, the income statement statements, those accounts of revenue and expenses, the two accrual principles that we'll be recognizing revenue and expenses will be revenue related, will be the revenue recognition principle and those related to the expenses are going to be either called the matching principle or the expense recognition principle. The revenue recognition principle will recognize revenue when we earn the revenue, not when we receive the cash. The expense recognition or matching principle will recognize the revenue when we consumed whatever we're going to consume in order to help generate revenue, revenue generation being the goal. A longer definition would be we either consumed an asset or we incurred a liability in order to help us generate revenue in the same time period. That's when an expense should be recognized under a cash method. It's of course a lot more simple in that we're just going to record revenue when we receive cash and we're going to record the expense when we pay the cash. That simplicity is one of the major advantages of the cash method. That's the whole goal of the cash method, it's going to be more simplistic. Now it's often thought however that a cash method can be more accurate in some ways by for example not recognizing revenue until we get the cash and that's often going to be the concern. That transaction when we're considering that transaction, that's usually a type of business that sells something or has a service company, they do the work, they invoice the client, they receive a check in the mail. That's usually the transaction that's going to cause the most concern with the accrual method meaning if we're a bookkeeper or a law firm or something like that we will also often do the work, we'll have to then count up the time that we did the work then we'll have to bill the client for the work that we did and then we're going to have to receive the check later in the mail. When we bill the client, when we create the invoice for the client, the journal entry related to that would be a debit to the accounts receivable and a credit to revenue and the concern is that we're recognizing revenue then at the point of time not when cash is received but before cash is received and we're recognizing an asset and I think the nature of this concern mainly is that revenue is often combined with cash in people's minds we tend to think of revenue and cash at the same time or as the same thing and we have to basically separate that in our minds the revenue is not the same thing as cash so although we're recognizing revenue before we receive the cash that's not the same thing as us recognizing cash before we receive the cash we're recognizing revenue at the point in time that we earned the revenue and we're recognizing another asset which we could think of as overstating the assets in some way in that we're recognizing an accounts receivable as an asset something that we haven't received something that's really intangible and that doesn't have any tangible value yet it's just an IOU for the future so if we look at both of those sides if we look at the balance sheet and the income statement from that transaction we can think about it and say well is the balance sheet overstated if we have this other asset this accounts receivable which isn't even cash it's just represents work that we did and people owe us money and we can think about that one from the standpoint of a creditor possibly someone that wants to use our end product that end product the financial statements if we were a creditor trying to decide if we want to give a loan for example to a business or if we were an investor in the business would we count that receivable as an asset would it be important to us to have the receivable on there as an asset and I would argue that it would because we're gonna want if it's by a creditable client that owes the company money then we want to know about that that's gonna be an important information for us to know about so although as a creditor I would look at that receivable and say hey that's not cash I know that the receivable is not as valuable as cash and I may want to go back into that receivable and say who is the customer you've got this receivable from you know I what work did you do in order to earn the receivable possibly and how reliable is the receivable to be received and talk about the value of that receivable or the likelihood of its payment and when it would be paid but it would clearly be something that I would be wanting to know about when deciding on whether I want to give a loan or an investment so therefore I think it'd be it's it could be argued of course that the receivable would be something that we would have to want as a creditor we would want to know about as a creditor so even though it's not cash and you could think we're overstating the asset until we get the cash it is a relevant information is something that we expect to see within the future and therefore you know it would be justifiable to be an asset at that time the revenue side we can think well what is it is it valid for us to recognize revenue before we get the cash we're increasing revenue even though we have not received payment and the same kind of kind of argument can be made on the revenue side and it's similar if we worked somewhere if we worked somewhere all week and we didn't get paid until Friday then we're gonna recognize the revenue during the week that we worked for example if we worked this week even if we were going to get you know laid off before the end of Friday we would still assume that we would get payment at the end of the week why because we earned it and there's a legal obligation for us to receive payment at the end of the week and many business transactions it might just be a handshake that we have in the transaction a negotiation between two parties to do work if we did the work though we would assume and have a rightful assumption to payment being received sometime in the future and that's the justification for having that revenue recognition at that point it's also important to note that we all we typically focus in on that one transaction when we when we think about this idea when people have this idea that the the cash method is going to overstate revenue we always think of that invoicing transaction invoicing transaction before we get payment meaning we're recognizing revenue and the receivable before we get cash but note the opposite could happen too so it is possible for the opposite thing to happen meaning it's possible for us to receive payment before we do work and that's one way that the the cash method kind of manipulates things on on the reverse side in that case meaning if we were to receive payment if we were asking a client for some reason say pay us upfront and then we'll give you services later on and this is typical in something like a service company in in that if we have newspaper services we we have a subscription so they're going to buy the subscription we give them the newspapers if we record revenue at the point in time we got money in that case that we would be overstated that would be an overstatement of revenue because we're recording the revenue at the point in time that we got cash even though we might be working for a whole year in the future in order to to earn that money we received today so that would we would think be a distortion of the revenue recognition principle that doesn't happen quite as often but that's that's just an example of why the accrual method tends to be more accurate and therefore we would think that the accrual method would actually be a typically more accurate overall method of recording both assets and revenue and recording them on a more fair basis than the cash method we can also think about the accrual method versus the cash method as the accrual method being more like a GPS system that's kind of trying to pinpoint an exact location that exact location being the exact location that we earned revenue and we incurred expenses and the cash method is really kind of a shortcut method it's not really there as a principle saying hey cash is the best point in time in order to recognize revenue and expenses that's not typically what the cash flow statement is saying although the cash flow tracks well in the cash flow method what the cash flow method is really basically saying is it's really easy for us to to recognize revenue when cash is received because we can see exactly when cash is received we know exactly when that point in time is happening and if the point in time when revenue is recognized or when the revenue is earned is somewhere close to that same point in time that cash is received why not just use cash then because it will be easier for us to do it's easy for it's an easy point in time for us to identify and if it's close enough to the actual point in time we earned revenue let's use it that would be more of a justification for the cash method on the expense side we would say hey the cash method isn't exactly when we consumed the expense but it's pretty close I mean if I paid the utility bill at the end of the month I use the utilities during the month it's pretty close I can be on a cash method it'd be pretty close to the actual point in time the utilities were consumed now there's many points in time even when we are on a cash method when we were deviate from the cash method recognizing the fact that it doesn't work it's not close enough at the point in time and even under a cash method we have to deviate meaning if we bought for example equipment we know that that equipment if it's a building even if we bought a building we're pretty sure that even if we paid cash for that building that we haven't yet consumed it so we just have an intuitive sense that when we buy a building even if for cash we're not going to record building expense okay because we already we already purchased it for cash what we're going to do is we're going to put it on as an asset and we're going to depreciate it over time whether we paid cash for it or not so that's going to be you know one of the arguments for the reasons for an accrual method versus cash method most of the time if we have a type of company where we're basically doing work for cash at a given time meaning we have like a food truck or something like that we're receiving cash at that point in time at the same point that we deliver the service if if that's the case then the two methods will typically be the same under that method and and this is often a question as well the question being why would we be on an accrual method I would put in a policy possibly a business owner might say that I would put in a policy just to run a cash method arguing that a cash method means that we only do work at the same point in time that we receive payment and that's not exactly that's a good policy possibly not exactly the same thing however as a cash method versus accrual method if we put in a policy as a food truck to only give food for money that we receive at the same point in time that just means that we're going to record revenue at the same point in time whether we use an accrual method or a cash method it does not define that we're going to use a cash method under that case what really drives whether or not we need an accrual method and the revenue recognition side other than if we're publicly traded is this timing issue note that if we are the type of company that we have to build the client before we receive payment then we have to really use an accrual method for the receivables why because we need to track who owes us money the account that tracks who owes us money is going to be that that accounts receivable account so if we do work invoice the client such as a law firm or a cpa firm and we need to track which of these clients still owes us money we do that in the in the accounts receivable account and accrual account and therefore that type of industry is pretty much required to have an accrual method at least on that component so that we have something to track who owes us money so therefore with the discussion question of doesn't accrual method overstate assets and revenue i would say that no it doesn't overstate assets and revenue typically it should state those at more of an accurate level there is concern of course with the receivable being overstated if we are over if we are invoicing clients and recording the asset and the revenue at that point in time later on of course we will talk about an allowance method and that allowance method will be an estimate in order to to to mitigate that problem if we believe that the accounts receivable is overstated meaning we have clients that aren't going to pay us then we're going to have to come up with an estimate and try to think about how much of those receivables are not going to be paid but note although that takes more work to do to try to figure out what the receivables are how much is not going to be paid what we think the net receivables are that's more accurate that's more useful to creditors investors end users in management of the financial statements then it would be for us to just wait until we actually receive payments to report that amount on the financial statements we want to track who owes us money and that would be the proper way to do it we want to make sure that we are not overstating in that we are estimating and trying to see how much is actually due how much we will actually receive based on prior year and future estimates but we want to have that receivable on there in some way that's going to be the most useful thing to both us as management and to the users of the financial statements


I'm Zor. Welcome to user education. Today I will continue solving different problems about triangles, quadrangles, parallel lines, etc. This is a series of questions number six out of eight. And we have 10 different problems to solve today. Okay, so let me just start. Construct a triangle by two sides and an altitude onto one of them. So we have a triangle. We have two sides and altitude towards one of these sides. Well, let's do it this way. Since we know this side and an altitude, first let's put this side somewhere on the plane. And now let's build a locus of all the points which can serve as the third vertex of the triangle with this base and give an altitude. Now, as we know from one of the previous problems, which is obviously without the problems, all these vertices are located on the line parallel to our base and on the distance equal to an altitude. Now, out of these lines, we have to pick up one which has a particular distance from A. So we just take this distance in the compass, use A as a center and just do this, basically. So that's the point C which we are looking for. Now, obviously, you can have more than one solution if this circle intersects the parallel line in another point. So this is another C prime, a triangle A, B, C prime, which has exactly the same base, A, B, exactly the same side, which is A, B, and an altitude which is drawn towards the base. The same altitude. This one is equal to this one. So this particular problem might have two solutions, might have one solution if the circle is just touching the parallel line, or no solutions if the segment which is given to us as the side A, D is too short. Okay, number one. Number two, construct a triangle by a side, an angle it forms with another side, and an altitude onto it. And an altitude. Okay, it's more or less the same as before, we just have an angle instead of a side. By the way, I would like to mention something. Whenever you're talking about triangles, well, you know that there are three different most important properties of triangle. They are congruent if either two sides and an angle in between, or two angles and a side in between, or three sides are congruent. So in all cases, we have three different elements, either three sides or side and an angle, two angles, whatever. Now, in these cases, all of these cases, which we are, which I'm going through, there are also three elements. So it's not coincidental. Triangle is something which can be defined by three different elements. By the way, it cannot be defined by three angles, because they are dependent on each other. If you remember, the third angle is always 180 degrees minus two other angles. So getting three angles is actually the same as getting two angles. But let's say two angles and some kind of side, or altitude, or anything actually, three elements independent of each other really gives you more or less unique identification, more or less because sometimes, as you saw from the previous problem, you can have two solutions or no solutions depending on their mutual dimensions and relationship. But in general, triangle requires three elements. And you can actually go back to algebra. I'm not sure if you know this property, but in general, if you have n different unknowns, you do need n different equations to find these unknowns. With linear equations, it's kind of obvious. If you have linear equations, then number of equations should be equal to the number of unknowns to have a solution. Okay, so let's go back. So we have a side, we have an angle and we have an altitude. Well, we start the same way as before. We put the base somewhere and then draw a locus of all the vertices which have the same altitude as the altitude given to us. So basically A, B, C, D, A, C. This is given. Now we have to find a point B. Now, how can we find a point B on this line? Well, in the previous problem, we knew the side A, B. In this case, we know the angle, which means from this point A, we have to just build an angle equal to the given one. And that would be the point B. And obviously, the altitude will be correct because the distance between these parallel lines is equal to the altitude which is given to us. Simple. Construct a triangle by an angle and two altitudes onto sides that form the angle. Okay, so again, three elements, angle and two altitudes to this and to this. Okay, so how can we build this particular triangle? Let's think. Let's think about it this way. Consider a triangle A and C. We know, first of all, that this is a right triangle. We know the acute angle. And we know the cataclysm, which means we can build it. I don't want to go into the details about how to build a right triangle by a cataclysm and an opposite angle. We already considered that before. So we can always construct this triangle. So I'll just construct it, basically, using the same. So that's how we do it. A and C. Well, if you are very much interested, okay, I'll just talk about this a little bit. You have the right angle first. You know these cataclysm. So you basically know the point C. And now you have to either subtract from 90 degree this angle to get this one, and you draw the line. Or you draw somewhere else, somewhere else, the line with this angle and draw a parallel through C. So anyway, we can do it. So we have this. And we have this. Now, now what should we do? Well, now we have two different ways. First of all, since we know this altitude, we can draw a line parallel to a C on the distance equal to this altitude. Continue this, and you will get the point B. Because the distance between these parallel lines is equal to our altitude. Alternatively, by the way, you can consider a triangle ABM. ABM. So instead of drawing parallel line here and continuing ABM towards intersection, you can just build ABM by exactly the same two things. You have the cataclysm and the angle. And we know how to do that. So either or we've built the whole triangle starting from the right triangle, which is made by an altitude. Okay, number four, construct a triangle by site, sum of two other sides, and an altitude onto one of those sides. Again, construct a triangle by a site, which is a C, let's say, sum of two other sides. So sum of AB plus BC and altitude onto one of them. You know what it appears to be right triangle. Let's try to do it more general. Okay, and now the altitude would go something like this. Okay, so this is point B, and this is B. All right, so we know the site, we know sum of these two sides, and we know the altitude. So the way how to do it is the following. Let me sum of these two sides this way. I will continue lying AB towards C prime on the on the lengths equal to BC. So BC prime is congruent to BC. What will it give me? Since I have one side and sum of other two sides, so basically AC prime is sum of AB plus BC because BC prime is equal to BC. All right, now let's think about what we have, AC prime C. It's a triangle where we know one side, let's call this side the base, and the altitude, and another side, which is exactly what we have already solved before. So using whatever the technology we had, we can always build AC prime C by a side, by an altitude towards that side, and another side. So let's consider we do it. So we built AC prime C. Now, how to find the point B? Well, very easy. Since BC and BC prime are congruent, BC prime C is a socialist triangle and median and bisector and altitude from the vertex B towards C prime always fall into the middle. So we have the middle, we built the perpendicular, and that will be the point B. And ABC, this is not prime, so ABC is the triangle which we need. Now, the altitude is exactly the way how we had it. AC prime is sum of these two sides. Yep, everything seems to work fine. Notice that in many cases I'm just referring to something which has already been covered and one of the previous problems. That's how one problem helps to solve another problem. That's basically the whole building of mathematics is built from the foundation of. Construct a triangle by its perimeter, an angle, and altitude onto one of two sides forming that angle. Okay, so we have an angle and altitude, let me repeat. Construct a triangle by its perimeter which is sum of three sides, an angle, this is an angle, and altitude onto one of two sides forming an angle. Okay, fine. Now, I think that since we have a perimeter, we have to really stretch this triangle the way similar to the previous problem. So, we will continue this line to C prime, so these are equal to each other, and continue this line to know what prime, double prime, it's too many primes. Let's just continue with E and F. So, I basically opened up our triangle. From BC, I turn it to BE and from AC turn it to AF. That's what usually is done when you have perimeter or sum of two sides, etc. Now, what's interesting actually is that you see the triangle ECF, ECF is not really easy to build using exactly the same technique as before because we do have the side, we do have an altitude towards that side, but we don't have an angle, as in the previous problem. However, what's interesting here is that you see FAC is an isosceles triangle and this is exterior angle which is equal to sum of two interior angles, not supplemental to it. But since it's isosceles, these guys are equal to each other, which means the angle FAC is half of the angle which is given to us, which means we basically have it. We just take the angle which is given to us and divide it in half. So, we take the angle, divide it in half, and we get this angle. Now, using this angle and this side and this altitude, now we can build this triangle. So, this is FEC because we now know this angle which is equal to half of the one which is given to us. Now, how to get points A and B? Well, the same way as before, since FEC can be divided in half and this perpendicular would hit the A since this is isosceles triangle, so I do this and that's how I get A perpendicular through the middle of this segment. And same thing here, perpendicular bisector of this will give me B. So, I have ABC. This is equal to this. This is equal to this. Angle is twice the size of this angle and the altitude is also the one which we need. Okay, let's continue. That was actually not a bad problem, quite frankly. Draw a line in the triangle parallel to its base such that segment between the points of intersection of this line with other two sides is equal to some of segments this line and a parallel to its base cut from this side. So, if you have a triangle you have to draw a line such that mn is equal to am plus nc. Well, it seems to be kind of a difficult problem. However, again, I remember we already actually addressed this issue before. There was another problem. If you have two bisectors, angle bisectors and on their crossing you draw a line parallel to the base, then this line exactly will be the one which possesses this quality. Why? Because this angle is equal to this angle as alternate interior. Now, this is equal to this because it's a bisector, which means these two angles are congruent to each other, which means these two segments are congruent to each other. This is isosceles triangle, MP8. Same thing here. These two angles are congruent because two parallel and transversal alternate interior angles. These two angles, this and this, are congruent because Cp is an angle bisector, which makes these two angles mpc and ncp congruent to each other, which means these two segments congruent to each other, which means that this entire segment mn is equal to sum of this and this because this is equal to this and this is equal to this. So, what's interesting here is it's easy when you remember that the point of intersection of bisectors has this property. If you don't remember that, well, you might actually spend some time basically thinking about how to solve this problem. Well, that's why it's important not only to solve the problems, but also to remember what exactly the problems were, and how we solved it. Okay, construct a polygon congruent to a given one. Okay, let's say you have some kind of a polygon. How to construct a polygon equal to this one, congruent to this one? Well, basically there's a very simple answer. You know how to construct a triangle congruent to a given one. Let's say by three sides. That's the easiest, right? So, what we do is we just break it into triangles and copy every triangle separately. Build a triangle congruent to this one. Okay, by three sides. Done. Now, build a triangle congruent to this one by three sides. We have this as a diagonal, this one. So, you have another two sides. And continue, continue, continue until you finish up. Basically, the whole process of constructing a polygon is reduced to many smaller and simpler problems to construct congruent triangles. Because otherwise, you will have to think about angles and how to copy the angle. You still have to break it into triangles no matter what. Construct a quadrangle by three angles and two sides that form the fourth angle. All right. So, you have two sides and three angles. So, again, three angles and two sides that form the fourth angle. All right. So, what can we do? You know what? Here is the easiest, I think, method. You know that the sum of angles of a quadrangle is 360 degrees. So, knowing these three angles, we just calculate, we just build, construct, whatever, draw an angle which is 360 degrees minus these three. So, consider this as well given to us. Now, and if it's given the way how we construct this particular quadrangle is simple. First, you do this. You construct this angle, which is also given as we just stated. Then, knowing these sides, you basically know this point and this point. Right? Now, knowing this angle, you build from this point an angle which is congruent to this one and from this point an angle congruent to this one. On the crossing, you have your quadrangle. So, what's the important thing here? Well, understand that the fourth angle actually is given to you basically with a very simple construction problem to subtract from 360 degrees three given angles, which we did many times before. Construct a quadrangle by three sides and two diagonals. Again, quadrangle, we have both diagonals and three sides. Well, let's see this, this and this. Well, but think about it. If we have both diagonals and three sides, we have a, b, c, g. We have a triangle a, b, g where we know all three sides. So, we can start basically from having this triangle by three sides. So, we have already these points. Now, how to position my point c using a, c, d? We have this a, d thing, right? Now, using a, c, and c, d, we do two parts centered in a and d corresponding way and that's where the point c is. And that's our triangle, the quadrangle. So, okay. The last problem, construct a parallelogram by two non-parallel sides and one diagonals. Well, that's basically the same thing. If you have a parallelogram, you have two non-parallel sides given to you and a diagonal. Well, if it's this diagonal, which is given to you, then you just construct a triangle and do a couple of parallel lines. If it's this side, which is a diagonal, which is given to you, then you notice that this side and this side are congruent. So, you can still build this triangle. So, in any case, you build triangle using three elements which are given to you, two sides and a diagonal. And then, basically, you can reconstruct the parallelogram from the triangle. So, if you have a triangle, let's say this one. How to build a parallelogram? These are sides and this is diagonal. Well, you just do the parallel here and parallel here. And here you have your parallelogram. That's it. That was the last problem. I hope I wasn't too fast. In any case, please continue solving the problems. Pay attention to Unisor.com. For parents, it's the perfect tool for homeschooling. It has a lot of exams. You can enroll your student or, basically, you can check the score on the exam. You can pass or fail the student. So, basically, it's a tool to do the homeschooling for responsible parents who want their children to know math a little bit deeper than is traditionally started at school. That's it. Thank you very much.


Let's first talk about interviews and how to plan them. Planning an interview is similar to planning any other form of communication. You begin by stating your purpose, analyzing the other person and formulating your main idea.  Even as an interviewee, if you are the one who is being interviewed, you gain some control over the conversation by anticipating the interviewer's questions and then planning your answers so that the points you want to make will be covered.  If you are an interviewee, you will anticipate what questions you want to ask and then you will practice your answers. You can also, as an interviewee, you can also introduce questions and topics of your own. So you need to prepare beforehand and think what are the questions that you can ask. In addition, by your comments and non-verbal clues, you can affect the relationship between you and the interviewer. If you are the interviewer, the responsibility of planning the session falls on you. On the simplest level, your job involves scheduling the interview, determining the time. It involves the location, planning where it's going to be held, that the location should be comfortable and convenient. Good interviewers are good at collecting information, listening and probing. And so they should develop a set of interview questions and decide on their sequence. Now obviously you will be planning these interview questions before, you will decide on their sequence before and you can obviously, depending on the situation and the context, you will change a bit as well keeping in mind the responses that you get. The purpose of the interview and the nature of the participants determine the types of questions that are to be asked. When you plan the interview, bear in mind that you'll ask questions to get information, to motivate the interviewer to respond honestly and appropriately and to create a good working relationship with the other person. Now in order to conduct a successful interview, you will ask different types of questions. To obtain both factual information and underlying feelings, you will use questions according to what you need. Open-ended questions invite the interviewee to offer an opinion, not just a yes, no or one word answer. If you use open-ended questions, then your interviewee will be able to give you an opinion, not just a yes, no or one word answer. You can learn some interesting and unexpected things from open-ended questions but they may diminish your control of the interview. If it is an open-ended question, if you give the interviewee more responsibility, more scope to answer, then it is possible that you may be able to reduce your control of the interview but the benefit is that you can learn very interesting things which you may not be able to understand if your question is not open-ended. Now what about the structure of the interview? Good interviews have an opening, a body and a close. The opening establishes RAPO and orients the interviewee to the remainder of the session. In the opening, as an interviewee, you establish a RAPO with your interviewee, you establish a link and the interviewee also tells you what the structure of the interview will be and how you will conduct the interview. You might begin by introducing yourself, by asking a few polite questions and then explaining the purpose and ground rules of the interview. For example, if you want to ask me a question, then you will say this in the introduction or if you want to ask me a question, then please ask me in the end of the interview. You will tell me the ground rules of your interview in the introduction. For an informational session such as a market research interview, you may want to structure the interview and prepare a detailed list of questions. This approach enables you to control the interview and use your time effectively. It also facilitates repeating the same interview with a number of respondents.


Number one, dreaming of your childhood home. Have you been having dreams where you're in your childhood home? This could mean that you have something from your childhood you need to resolve. Anne Cutler, a licensed psychoanalyst, told author Carolyn Stieber in an article for Bustle that recurring dreams or dream themes, such as always going to the childhood house, may be reflective of some unresolved issue from childhood that the dreamer is trying to work through. Hmm, pretty interesting. What problems from childhood do you think you might need to resolve? Cutler also explains that the childhood home could be symbolic by showing you the roots of your problem. So what was going on in your childhood home? Is that the root of your current problem? Number two, discovering a secret room. So maybe you are in your childhood home. Is there a secret room you've discovered? Maybe it's hidden in the attic or maybe there's a new room that was never there before. Showing itself through a new crack in the wall. Psychoanalyst Anne Cutler told author Carolyn Stieber in an article for Bustle that discovering a secret room could symbolize discovering a hidden aspect of the self that had been out of the dreamer's awareness. Did you feel reawakened to a new you when you woke from that secret room dream? Or were you just awakened? Number three, you dream of a long lost friend or ex-friend. Do you keep dreaming of that long lost friend of yours? Maybe there's someone you're no longer friends with but suddenly there they are in your dream. This may be a sign that you need to reflect on the friendship with them and learn something new from it as time has now passed. This could also be a sign that there is more you need to discuss with them. If you have unfinished business with them, this could also be a reminder that you might want to consider reaching out. What if you said all there needs to be said? Well, they could just be represented as a conflict inside you that needs to be resolved. Number four, dreaming of someone repeatedly. So maybe you dream of one particular person over and over again. What does it mean? Well, the more you dream of them, the stronger the emotion you're experiencing about them. You could have feelings of affection or admiration for them. Maybe you miss them or maybe you fear them. Perhaps you're repressing feelings about them. The point is, if you find you're dreaming about them once or twice, it could be a good idea to look into your feelings for them. If you're dreaming of them a dozen times a month, the feeling is strong and trying to tell you something. If you're repressing something, perhaps confront it. If you're missing them, reach out. And if you like them, maybe call them. And number five, losing your teeth.  Many believe losing teeth in a dream or nightmare could mean you have some insecurities that might be worth addressing. With this dream symbol, likely the insecurities are to do with your appearance or a particular feature of yours. Another common interpretation of this symbol is that you've recently said something embarrassing or are uncertain of your communication skills. Perhaps you feel you're not getting your point across as you mean to, or that you're having trouble communicating with others. Maybe because you're toothless or well, only in your dreams. Nightmares really. Make sure to brush your teeth first thing in the morning, folks. It's just a dream. It's just a dream. So what have you been dreaming of lately? What do you think it means? Feel free to share with us in the comments down below. We hope you enjoyed this video and if you did, don't forget to click the like button and share it with a friend or someone who could use it. Subscribe to Psych2Go and hit the notification bell icon for more content like this. And as always, thanks so much for watching.


Demi Lovato just released a brand new YouTube original called Simply Complicated and today I'm going to be doing a review of this movie and I will be focusing on her mental illness, her addiction, as well as her road to recovery. So stick around. I'm 25. The last decade has taught me a lifetime of lessons. I've learned that secrets make you sick. I'm learning how to be a voice and not a victim. I've learned that sex is natural. I've learned that love is necessary. Heartbreak is unavoidable and loneliness is brutal. I've learned that the key to being happy is to tell your truth and be okay without all the answers. This is my story. This is Simply Complicated. What's up everybody? This is Chris from the Rewired Soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution.  So if you're someone who struggles with these things, please subscribe because I'm always making new content. So anyways I must let you know right now I am not someone who is going to Demi Lovato concerts all the time or anything like that but I have always followed her because I remember way back when she had her first incident and went to treatment at the age of 18 years old I remember looking at her and seeing her path of recovery and I kept hearing news about her recovery and how well she was doing and that's always intrigued me. For those of you who don't know, I am an addict in recovery. I have five years clean, a little bit more than five years clean and I also struggle with anxiety, depression, so these things are very near and dear to my heart. So let's talk about where this documentary starts. So whenever I'm working with my clients at the treatment center I work at or when I'm teaching family members about addiction, I start off by talking about the risk factors for addiction because only one out of every 12 people become an addict or an alcoholic and it's important to know how that happens. Watching Demi Lovato's documentary, she was in some of the highest risk groups possible and once you start realizing that it's no wonder that she developed dependence to drugs and alcohol. So first off let's talk about her childhood.  Now for those of you who don't know this, if you're the child of an addict or an alcoholic it does not mean that you will become one but you have an 80% chance of becoming one. We don't know whether or not Demi Lovato's father had the addiction gene or if Demi got the addiction gene but if she did have the addiction gene that gave her a 50% chance but simply just being around a parent or guardian who is an addict or alcoholic, seeing your parents behavior makes you more likely to become dependent to drugs or alcohol. Next, she was developing symptoms of mental illness very early on. She later discusses in the documentary how she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. I will touch on that pretty soon but mental illness is one of the leading causes of drug and alcohol addiction. Most of the time this happens because most people live with mental illness and it's completely undiagnosed. That was my personal story. I struggled with anxiety and depression but I had no idea what it was and it developed in high school so I literally just thought I was going insane and what happens is we turn to drugs or alcohol and it's a way to self-soothe, self-medicate and that ends up developing into a dependence. The third risk factor was that she started abusing drugs at a very young age. She was in her teens. Now something that I discussed in my course is that the prefrontal cortex of the brain that is basically the break pedal when it comes to addiction and that part of the brain does a fully develop until the late 20s or early 30s and when Demi started using drugs and alcohol to cope with her mental illness, her alcoholic father as well as being heavily bullied as a child, she was stunting the growth of that part of the brain and developing these habits of turning to drugs and alcohol as a way to cope and what happens is that the brain actually starts wiring itself to believe that whenever certain triggers happen, your only solution is drugs or alcohol. Now as I mentioned, it's been kind of public knowledge that Demi Lovato was bullied as a child but it was much worse than I even imagined. There's one point in the documentary where she talks about one of the popular girls who bullied her and she actually got a suicide petition signed by the other students that Demi went to school with. So she was just in a whirlwind of a mess and when she finally started to make it big, her first real big job was on Camp Rock when she got signed into this movie from Disney and all of that stress and the feelings of being overwhelmed and then also the easy access to drugs and alcohol as a kid, like that's what started up the addiction. It was almost like the wheels were starting to fall off. Prior to that, I think anything that was going on would have been chalked up to, she's a teenage girl. That was like the easy answer just to say, well, she's a teenage girl and she's going through stuff and she's being dramatic. So that clip that you just saw, it's very common for this to happen, especially when young people start abusing drugs and alcohol.  So it often flies under the radar. So a lot of people don't know and they don't know if they should get this person help or if this is completely normal. In 2017, we are seeing for it's been a trend for years that people are becoming addicted to substances and developing symptoms of mental illness younger than ever before. So I'm very glad that this documentary touched on that. I don't think they emphasize the fact that it's very common for friends, family members, people in your close knit circle, don't really know that you're struggling with these things because we play it off as just they're a young kid, they're going through stuff. But she was falling deeper and deeper into her addiction. So at the age of 18, Demi went to her first treatment program. She primarily went there for mental health issues, anger issues. But this was what we call a dual diagnosis treatment program.  So if you're struggling with both, they have to treat both of them equally. The reason this is, it's not only as mental illness, one of the leading causes of addiction, it's also one of the leading causes of relapse if it's not treated properly. Now, Demi talks about and so do her friends and family. They talk about how it didn't take long for Demi to start slipping back into old behaviors and then she relapsed. And she talks about how all she did was she was hiding it more. She was spiraling out of control faster.  She would get like a day or two clean here or there. And this is very common. I work at a treatment center and a lot of the people who come to my treatment center are coming back after a relapse. And something if you're an addict or alcoholic watching this, you know for a fact that when we relapse, we go down even harder. It doesn't take long for addiction to get back exactly where it was before we got clean. I know that was my situation with my multiple relapses. But it gets even worse because we start to feel guilty. We start to feel ashamed. We start to feel angry, all of these things. So we're just trying to self medicate more and more and more. So something that Demi discusses is that she was getting sobriety companions. Sometimes we call them sober coaches. It's kind of like an informal sponsor. Basically, it's like an accountability partner. Usually the person is in recovery or they are just very well educated and they're a therapist or whatever the case may be. And she talks about how she went through like 20 of these sobriety coaches until she finally stuck with one. And basically what this guy did, he told Demi's manager like, this is Demi's biggest fear is losing the people closest to her or hurting them. So they planned an intervention and they talk about it and it's really real like it gave me flashbacks of the intervention that my family had for me. But that is what Demi says was the point of her fully surrendering to this thing that she had a problem and she needed to change the way that she was living. So if you are someone who has a loved one friend, family member, coworker, whoever it is, and you've watched this, I really hope that you take some advice from this documentary about when they did this intervention. Because a lot of people tend to enable addicts. They think that they can love the person until they're better. But a lot of us when we're struggling with addiction, if we haven't hit our rock bottom, we have to be pushed towards a rock bottom. And with celebrities, it's even harder because they're rich, they're famous. There was no way that a celebrity like Demi Levada wouldn't be able to find a drug dealer any chance that she wanted to. So it was very important that they had to push her towards this rock bottom in order for her to get help. Because she talks about how she was basically suicidal and she did actually overdose when taking cocaine as well as Xanax. So don't wait for a person to hit rock bottom. Sometimes you have to intervene before they get there because that rock bottom might be death. She approached her recovery completely differently this time. She went into a sober apartment. She had a sober support group there. She was actually working the program because she acknowledged her last relapse was because she was not working her program. When I teach my clients who are coming back after a relapse is keep it simple. Just look at everything that you were not willing to do last time and do those things this time. And Demi Lovato was truly inspirational when she talks about how she was doing this. So Demi starts talking about how she works her recovery. And this right here is one of the most amazing quotes that I'll show you. Everybody has their own path in recovery. For me, it's about going to therapy, working my program and having an honest relationship with myself and the other people around me. So yeah, Demi talks about how she works her recovery program. She's also doing therapy, but she also found this kind of relief through exercise, getting into kickboxing and jujitsu. And she talks about how working out is this form of meditation for her. And if you haven't yet, I have some videos on mindfulness meditation, which is a specific practice of meditation, but she talks about getting into this flow where you're completely in the moment, your mind isn't tripping about the past or the future, or you're not worried about what other people are thinking, you're just completely in the zone. There's something that a lot of athletes do, they just get into this zone or musicians, you've probably experienced that zone and actively meditating or doing any type of activity that gets you into this zone, or we call it flow. It helps you get into that state more often. So anyways, I just want to give this documentary an enthusiastic two thumbs up, like talk about amazing. I try to do videos like this as much as possible because a lot of people look up to these celebrities. And when you have people like Demi Lovato, Macklemore, Eminem, Robert Downey Jr. and many others recently kid Cuddy talked about his struggles with mental illness. There have been a ton of articles about hip hop culture, talking more about mental illness. And this is huge, it warms my heart because my whole channel right here is to increase awareness, decrease the stigma, but also provide support to anybody out there who's struggling with mental illness or an addiction. And I love when celebrities do things like this. And when I see how many views this documentary already has like, I hope that it empowers people. This channel is all about the solution. So I will encourage you like, please focus on the solution that was so blatantly put on display in this documentary. Learn from what Demi Lovato talks about. Look at her recovery. Look at what she's doing. But what I saw, I saw how much work she does for her personal recovery. And this thing isn't easy dealing with a dual diagnosis, mental illness and addiction, like just dealing with one of those is hard work. So I hope that what you took from this is how much work it takes to keep this thing under control. But you know, at the end of the day, like it's completely worth it. And I'm so glad, so glad that this documentary came out. And I hope that you share her documentary with people. Feel free to share my review with people, share my channel with people like I'm always doing videos about how you can, you know, work with your depression, your anxiety, your addiction and other forms of mental illness. And I'm planning on branching out even more. This is the question of the day. What did you think about Demi Lovato's new documentary simply complicated? Leave your comments below because I would love to know your thoughts. But if you like this video, give it a thumbs up. And thank you so much for watching. And again, if you're new here, click right below this box is lower bound subscribe button. Click that because I'm always doing videos about mental health, mental illness, addiction, and so much more. If you're new here too, or if you haven't yet, click or tap right over there. Check out some of the other videos on this channel. I have over 100 mental health related videos. So again, thank you so much. And I'll see you next time.