southwest. You are all really welcome to this very important event at the centre right at the heart of all aboard 2017. I know this is going to be a very inspiring and engaging event. I particularly welcome our student representatives. The national forums work would not really make much sense without students and without learners but also of course to our institutional representatives, , buddysgu, iawn, y gymryd tywol, a'i gael ffordd, a'i gael ddiddordebeth yng nghymru a'r drafod a'r ddechreuon a'i defnyddio sylfaeth ac ymgyrchol. Roedd ymyodol yn Allan ac yn y cyfnod i ddweud y ddweud am ddechrau ac ar siwr sydd yn adael y ddweud. Ie, fel y gweithbeth, mae'n cyfrifion wedi'i rhan felly Yn ystod y ddweud, oeddwn yn cymdeinigol o'r cyd-dweud o'r cyflwysoedd yma, a'r cyd-dweud i'r swyddoedd yma o'r ysgawdd, i'r ddweud, y cofnodau, ymddangos, ymddangos, ymddangos, ac yn ymddangos. Yma'r ystod, sy'n gweithio, sy'n cyfrifio'r Ffórwyr yma, yn ymddangos cyrraedd yma o'r dda i'r couldfodol yma o'r ffóc. A i'r byw o'r ddych yn dwylo, oherwydd, we have done for the last four years with the collaboration of very many people. Two things have become eminently clear. First, if people don't have the skills and confidence to engage with the digital world then many of the most impactful aspects of living and learning with digital will always remain unavailable to them. So, that's really important. It's common sense, but it's coming through in all sorts of ways. mae'r amser genniadol yn gweithio digital, ac mae'r amser genniadol yn gweithio digital wedi bod yn gweithio. Yn gweithio'r amser, ond ar y cyfnod erbyn i gyd am ddweud y gweithio'n gweithio ar gweithio'r ar y cwntae mae hynny'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio ar gweithio'n gweithio. Yn amser, yna wedi gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweld nid o ddweud â yna'r ysgrifennu ymgweithio yma, of well-being, of identity, and of course of skills. And it is in the context of these kinds of insights that this week has come into being. What's utterly clear also is that we have immense curiosity. We have appetite. We see the potential and we want to exploit it. And that's true of every group that we've talked to and of every kinds of conversations that we've had in relation to this challenge. But as the recent DESI survey shows, Ireland is doing very well in some dimensions of embracing the potential of technology, but we still have a very long way to go and one of those areas is in skills building.  We cannot expect our higher education learning environments to benefit from all the wonders of digital potential if we don't build skills and confidence in our communities, in our families, among parents, among primary and secondary schools, and in further education contexts. We're all in this together. And it's a source of huge pride to me to see that everybody knows that. And this week, everyone is acting on it. We have over 300 free events this week alone being hosted all over the country and helping us all to become more familiar with, more engaged in, and more confident about different kinds and levels of skill that real digital engagement requires. Everybody needs to be part of this and the digital world is moving fast. So this incredible movement is calling on everyone to jump on. I think it's extremely apt that it's called All A Board and it's based on a very sound conceptualisation and an imaginative one that relate to the whole diversity of skills and types of engagement required. It is so appropriate that the All A Board project funded by the National Forum with leadership from within the education sector has led the conceptualisation and realisation of this series of events. And it is even more apt that I now have the privilege of welcoming our keynote speaker for today, for not just today but for All A Board 2017 and for digital learning more broadly. Along with an illustrious, creative and ground-breaking career, Lord David Putnam has been an activist for education, a voice for equality in education and engaging particularly as an advocate of the transformative potential of digital technology. As well as a member of the House of Lords, David was Ireland's, is Ireland's first digital champion and served as an active and hard-working member of our National Forum's board. Many of you will have also seen his leadership in the recent RTE programme making Ireland click and its accompanying website, which itself has played a supportive and empowering part in building Ireland's digital capacity. We have benefited in so many ways from David's enthusiasm and conviction. As a board member, I remember so many moments in our early deliberations when David challenged, entertained, supported, engaged, but most of all I think he helped us to be courageous and creative when it comes to this challenging enhancement agenda. And that mattered very much at the time when the National Forum was taking shape and it matters now and it's always going to matter. It gives me great pride and pleasure to welcome to the podium Lord David Putnam. Thank you, Sarah, very, very much indeed. That was incredibly generous. Several things. First of all, this venue. For me it's rather, it's not only beautiful, it's also quite intimidating because I've sat in the audience listening to some really amazing speakers and the very fact of standing here and thinking, oh my God, I'm really trying to match something that is probably well beyond me. It is genuinely intimidating. Secondly, I wouldn't want you to think, I hope, that this is like a PowerPoint presentation. The truth is, for years and years and years I spoke literally glued to a text. I mean I was so neurotic, I used to literally write in in red pauses so I could pause. And I realised that, God knows what I was doing with the audience, but I was standing metersly. So I came to the conclusion that I spent 30 years as a movie producer. I do believe in the moving image and what I was discovering teaching was that for the most part my students, certainly to my students, would remember bits and pieces of imagery more clearly and for longer than frankly my text. So I just decided to chuck away the pauses and the blue text and go for what I'm familiar with. So in one sense I apologise because it does look a bit PowerPoint-y but I promise you it's better than that. The other intimidating factor is that at least four people in this room have seen at least four or five of these slides and I apologise to them in advance as well. But I think they work and they're relevant. Start here. Last year, about this time actually, I spent a morning with President Tsing of China and an interesting man with a vision of his own country but what I feel is, and this is what he said, cannot dress up other people's yesterdays as our own tomorrows. It isn't just true with China. I think it's true of all of us. So it seems to be a very, actually rather profound statement that we are tempted to look back and God knows this is true of Britain at the moment and it's got everything to do with driving the Brexit instincts. It's looking back to a world that probably never existed and thinking that security lies there. It's a very, very, very, I think, bad idea. Sarah mentioned the click-nation programme that I did last year for RTE. So I'm going to show you one, I promise you only one, one very short clip from it which caused some consternation and which probably needs some justification. You ready for this? There's something like 70% of the jobs that you'll be doing 15 years from now do not at present exist.  So you need to be collaborative, flexible, smart and absolutely able to adapt to change. So what I think the school is trying to prepare for, I hope, and in fact I know it, is a world of constant change. I'm 75 years old. I'm learning stuff every single day and I do it by teaching. Now my father had retired 10 years earlier. I've got another 10 years of me at least. Some of you in this room will be working at age 100. I promise you, I promise you. So just think about this. It's a very, very, very different gig. What the school is doing is preparing you for that, which is fantastic. The point obviously kids look to me in a certain degree of incredulity. Maybe it won't be their generation of work at 100 but I bet a bottom dollar that their grandchildren will, for sure. And if it seemed appropriate, and it is appropriate, to go to learn to be a learner, forget leaving university out of this, to be a learner for a dozen years in order to work 30 or 40 years, why wouldn't it be appropriate to be a learner for 25 years in order to work for 60 years? And these, I think, are the kind of equations we're going to have to start getting our head around. And when I say 25 years, I don't mean 25 years in one slug. I mean maybe 15 years followed later by five, followed later by another three. I do think the pattern of learning will have to be dramatically altered. Not in my lifetime, but it seems reasonable to at least start that discussion. Over 50 years ago, Jean Piaget said this, and I actually again think it's more true now than it was the day that he said it. Principal goal of education is to create men and women who are capable of doing new things, not simply repeating what other generations have done because there's no point in repeating what other generations have done because, as I think I accurately just said, most of the jobs that most of these kids will be doing, we as yet don't fully understand or acknowledge. This is self-evident, but weirdly, not entirely, I don't think, understood. The first step in solving a problem is recognising there is one. I think there's been an extraordinary temptation here in Ireland as much as anywhere else to pretend there isn't that bigger problem. Sarah used the expression quite rightly that Ireland's doing quite well by most measures. As I'll say again a little later on, I think quite well is a kind of disaster really because as long as you think you're doing quite well, you don't feel the need to do very well. And I think we're moving into a global environment in which, unless you're doing at least very well, you're probably slipping behind. I just spent four years working in Southeast Asia. The appetite for education and the appetite for change and the appetite to be part of the 21st century in that part of the world is something that we in Western Europe have not yet fully got our heads around. A film that influenced me last year, the American film, I'm going to show a very short clip of it. I thought, nailed the problem precisely, and I can't do better than this certainly in the space of one minute. Truthfully, you're building your character right now, you're building that perseverance in that sense of I want to do my best. Now, freeze, look at that face right there. I know that face.   The idea of enduring the drudgery of standardized tests, traditional homework, lectures, will build the kind of character in them that will one day lead to a happier life. May no longer be true. Consider this economist out of MIT who argues that kids who will go on to do well in school and graduate from college won't necessarily be able to find a job. Most parents today grew up in a world which saw the U.S. economy grow, and median income grow with it. And that's always been true until here. Curiously, around the late 90s, the economy had grown, but middle class income had not. In essence, the U.S. economy is now able to produce more wealth while hiring fewer and fewer people. And this is troubling. And it is troubling. And I think it's beginning to seriously trouble the students in our schools and certainly the graduates and undergraduates in our universities. I spent a good chunk of the last six weeks as it happened around universities. I've been in the West Country in Bath in Bristol. I was up in the Northeast and I was also been at Oxford and Cambridge. And every single discussion I had in the higher education sector, every discussion brought up the issue of mental health. Every single vice-charts that I talked to said it was top of their problem at present, dealing with mental health issues among their graduates and undergraduates. So I can't think about this for a bit. I think there's two possible, there's not a lot of reasons, but two that occur to me. One is, I think we're sending these young people off on a journey effectively with no map. They read the media, they're invaded by the culture and they can't really see what the direction is. So I feel that our job, more than anything else at present, is literally to try and create a map for them that's recognisable and which they can gather around and maybe even add to and improve upon. The question I keep being asked on my by my own students in a sense is this. They don't ask it in precise terms, but it's effectively what's coming through. Who am I? Who am I? What are my opportunities? What's going to happen to my generation? What's my future going to look like? These are really real issues. And what I've identified is, and I'm not the only one, that it is the gap between expectation and reality that causes a lot of this unhappiness because it's probably the best measure we have of happiness. If, as is happening in many parts of the world, particularly in the US, the gap between the expectations that they're encouraged to have of their lives and the reality of what they're doing, if that gap is seen to be increasing, that can only subscribe to greater unhappiness. And the weird thing is, certainly for my generation, most of the second half of the 20th century, the 20th century, was trying to close the gap between expectation and reality. Who consciously were trying to, as it were, keep expectations at a reasonable level and close the gap of reality towards those expectations? That ambition, I fear, has been, as it were, abandoned. And the question that I find isn't asked enough, and I try to prompt this, but it doesn't always, it's not always successful, is a very simple one, and it's odd that it doesn't get asked more often. Why are you interested in the things you're interested in? If I'd been asked that question aged 15, 16, I think I would have made a lot fewer blunders when I was seeking how to embark on the next phase of my education. In my case, it was going to night school, because no one ever actually asked me why I was interested in things that interested me. I knew what interested me, but why was never really probed and pushed. One thing that I did know, and was taught, was that creativity, and it was my great good luck that I ended up in this particular world, that creativity is a muscle, and that muscle, like any other muscle, is exerciseable, and you can improve and improve and improve upon it. What was less obvious was that whilst improving on that muscle, and dealing with the imagination of those, the key component was resilience. So another question I think we have to ask ourselves is, how good are we at teaching resilience? How seriously do we take the purpose of teaching resilience? And as a result, how resilient are the young people that we are turning out of our schools and universities? Because if they're not, that's another reason why they're going to find the 21st century incredibly challenging and maybe even difficult. One of the things I've tried to do, and again, I suggest anyone interested in long term education needs to do, is try to get young people to say, no, where is it you're heading, and do you have some sense of how important it is to have a sense of direction and to get there? Most young people at some point, or other, want to be on the stage. Now, on the stage can mean anything. It's been on a stage, I'm on a stage right now. Wanted to get there. Getting onto the stage can be difficult, but it is very, very important to have a sense of where it is. So I mentioned earlier that I get some success out of using clips and bits and pieces to remind people of the points I'm trying to make. This is one of the more successful, I'll explain after the clip, when I'm talking about where you're headed, how do you intend to get there? I use this clip. Mike, long enough, let's do it, Tom. Come on, mate! Here, Mr Shryff, again! Run, run, run! No, it's not an exit. It's not an exit. We've got one on exit. No, that's true. Oh, this way, I'll show that. Yeah, come on, mate, it's not my mistake. Wait. This looks familiar, though. Listen. Pretty bad. You know, he should be here. Right straight through this door here, down the hall, turn right, and then there's a little jog there, about 30 feet, jog to the left. We don't have time for that. Go straight ahead. Go straight ahead, turn right in the next two corners, and first door, you sign, authorise, personnel only, open that door, that's the stage. You think so?  Thank you, thank you very much. Rock and roll! Rock and roll! So, what happens is, when I'm having a conversation with them about motivation and things like that, all I ever say to them is, hello, Cleveland! Hello, they know exactly what I'm talking about. They got it, that they'd better find their way to the stage or they're not going to make much of a show. And I think that's, to an extent, true of their lives. A colleague of mine, former colleague of mine, Simon Jenkins, said this in the garden a couple of years ago. In regards to today's education, we are where Madison was in days of bleeding and cupping. We're working for a massive breakthrough, and he's right. Now, the next three slides on the show I've shown many, many, many times, but I still show them, because, funnily enough, it's the one point of reference that we seem to come back to, and it works. So this is an image, a photograph of the man who was the world's greatest surgeon in 1915. This man, during World War I, a French surgeon, he's actually a Russian surgeon, worked in France, saved more lives than anyone else, taught more doctors that saved lives and actually changed the whole nature of triage and medicine at that point. A really, truly great man. If you took that great man and put him in an operating theatre 100 years later, there is nothing what so ever he could do. Absolutely nothing. His entire skill base would have been eradicated by a combination of science and technology. He would be interested, he'd probably ask very good questions, he'd hang around, he'd mop some brows, make a cup of tea, but there's nothing he could actually contribute to the practice of surgery. His skills would have been obviated. Now, you take her, a teacher from any point in the 20th century, put her in a classroom and in most subjects, not all, but in most subjects, she could teach what we would all absolutely recognise as a lesson. And the big question that hangs there is, how is it possible that in 100 years the practice of teaching and learning has advanced over a little, whereas the practice of medicine has been totally revolutionised? I do have my own answers, one of which is that science continually takes chances. Basically, scientists do stand on the shoulders of giants and are urged to discover new ways of doing things, whereas I think the world of teaching and learning has always tended to default back to what works because of the risk that you might just get it wrong. So there are explicable reasons, but I'm not sure they're good enough. I would argue that the key for us as teachers is we have to become better learners. If we can become better learners, we're likely to become better teachers, and to me that's a fundamental component of it. In 1992, I set out on a journey with two other men, Stephen Heppel and Ken Robinson, because we believed the education system was in crisis. Not many people at the time particularly agreed, but we thought that the opportunities are afforded by new technology and the opportunities are afforded by the new type of jobs, the job market, which was altering quite dramatically and rapidly at the time, meant that things had to change. If you said to Ken or Stephen or I at the time that 25 years later we would achieve so little, none of us would have believed you. I think we would have assumed that we'd be where we are now within 10 years and moving them well beyond that. So in a sense, this is three very disappointing guys who've reached a point where we just haven't moved with anything like the speed. I worked for someone when I was 20, 21, who was a very tough taskmaster, and I was very worried that I was going to get the sack. The people around me were extraordinarily bright, hardworking, and I just wasn't sure I was doing well enough. And I went to see this boss of mine, his name was Colin. And I said, I think I probably called him sir. I said, you know, I'm so conscious of how well the company is doing with the ad agency. I wasn't sure that I'd be doing my best work. And I started trying to explain my way out of my concerns and he stopped me. He said, sit out of your mind. He said, why do you think you're here? I said, well, you know, you interviewed me three times. You must have seen something. No, no, he said not at all. He said, you are here for one reason, and one reason only. You are here to amaze me. Your job is to amaze me. You are not amasing me. Go away and start amasing me and you don't have to worry about your job. If you don't amaze me, you should worry. And I went back to my little cubicle, wept. And I must have done something right because I didn't get the sack. But that piece of tough love was incredibly important to me. And I refer back to that point that Sarah made about Ireland doing quite well. Ireland is doing quite well, but Ireland is not amasing me. And Ireland is not amasing the rest of the world. Ireland is not even amasing Northern Europe. And we need to start amasing the world because we do have the gifts and we do have the talents and we do have the scale and the benefit of size that we could be amasing. We're just not amasing. And we need to challenge ourselves to become amasing.  The level of ambition was pretty limited, particularly, I have to say, at the time, among goals, where the digital world, the world of computers, was seen as pretty rarefied. What do people think about the micro-revolution? On the back row there... I just don't see the point in them, I have them. I don't see any reason that you need something to look after all your memories for you and keep all the information that you need to find out. So you don't see it as an important career, maybe, to get involved in that kind of science? No. I think that the computers are just a phase that people are going through, especially with the computer games. Well, for work it's good for storing information, but the games, I think it's just a phase people all go through and they'll get tired of it as skateboards. You play computer games? No. You have a computer? No, I haven't. You take computer studies? No. Is that out of choice? Yes. I could take it in school, but I just haven't got an interest in it. To get a job you need to know how to use a computer, but it's the computers that are taking away other jobs, so it's just like a catch-22 situation, it's not really getting anywhere. But might you not help yourself by being able to handle a computer? It might help in the home, like... I don't know, because they say it'll be shopping using a computer later, but not at work, I don't think. Not at work? No. Now, those women are now 44, 45, 46. I wonder what their attitude to computers is now, and I wonder how they feel about their kids bringing home the iPad. It's not that long ago, where that was a common view. I mean, that wonderful line, I think they're a little bit like skateboards, is a fad, is really quite amazing, and that is literally only 30 years ago. So we are enjoying or living through a genuine digital revolution, and we're living in a digital world. That digital world is significant. I made this slide up of things that we might have used at that point, when those girls were talking, the sort of kit we would have put together to inform ourselves, to get on with our daily lives, music, time, literary time, recording cameras, information. Now, that group of things there would have cost at least €5,000 to put together. At least €5,000. Pretty complicated, pretty bulky, around €5,000. We've now reached the point where it's all on there, the whole lot, and it costs €500. So cost barrier has decreased, access to information has greatly increased, and the world, quite literally, is at our fingertips. The issue really is whether we've grasped that and whether we've spent too much time dwelling on the deficit side and not enough on the positive side. Now I'm not pretending, and I mustn't pretend, that this is all perfect, that the digital world is always perfect, as illustrated by this. So the question we asked ourselves is, how would it be if things didn't have to be the way we know they actually are, yes? What would a world look like if it was different? The whole point about intuitive technology, as opposed to intelligent technology, which is basically just lights going on off in toilets, yes? The whole point about intuitive technology being that it comes preloaded into the building itself, OK? Welcome to your virtual PA.   It does happen, and it's happened to me, and of course, from a teaching and learning point of view, it's catastrophe because you've lost the class, you've lost that hour, you've lost that... you've lost dignity as well, with my experience. So it's not a perfect world. On the other hand, it is an irreversible world and it's a world we're moving into. A clip I'd like to show you now is interesting because nothing you're about to see is science fiction. Every single thing you're going to look at exists. In some cases, it's already in the workplace. In other cases, it will be in the workplace by the time this generation of young people in secondary education have entered the workplace. So this is the world that they will be familiar with and have to be familiar with in order to get the jobs that they want. If you want evidence of the pace of change, three years ago, I read The New York Times every day, The New York Times had one video story normally in each edition. Today, there's never less than 20. In fact, every single important story, when you click onto it, you will go to a video. To the extent it's almost quite concerning because it's possible we'll reach a point where a judgement would be made about the importance of news depending on the quality of the video, which would be a very, I think, retrograde step. But this stuff is happening at an amazing speed. One of the jobs I've enjoyed the last five, six years is I chaired the Times Educational Supplement Advisory Board and I learned a lot because the amount of data that comes into us is quite extraordinary. And Sarah, certainly Sarah and Terry know, I use this data quite a lot. The really remarkable thing was that in 2008 we made a decision to use our web presence and the reach of our web presence to encourage teachers to talk to each other and to share lessons and lesson plans and ideas. It took off in a way that none of us had ever, for one moment, expected. It's quite extraordinary. To the point that it's quite a lot, very nice to be talking this month. Later this month, we will host the one billionth conversation teacher to teacher. The one billionth. I mean, it's a kind of unthinkable number. It's operating in 130 countries now. Ireland is particularly good in terms of particularly good in this area, which is the sharing of information. But here's a really interesting thing about Ireland. Because we know who these teachers are. We know when they do it. We know that Sunday night peaks because they suddenly panic because something's going to do on Wednesday. They're not ready for. But what's extraordinary is, in most cases in Ireland, the teachers do not let the principals of their schools know they're doing this. It's their secret. And that, to me, illustrates something quite concerning because clearly what ought to be happening is there ought to be conversations in the classroom about what they're learning, how they're learning, who they're talking to, and indeed where the best information is coming from. It just isn't happening. It's not happening because somehow teachers either feel guilty or feel that in some way they'd be criticised for looking outside of the school environment for information. And that's a worry. But what this is, this is a teacher-led revolution, which is interesting because you would assume and hope that it might be a departmental-led revolution or it might be an institutional-led revolution. The truth is it's a bottom-up revolution and maybe that's a very good thing. The other area which is remarkable is TED. I did a count-up the other day. There are over 3,000 TED talks talking about teaching and learning, improvements in teaching and learning, inspirational. In many cases, it's very inspirational of discussion about teaching and learning. But what's amazing is the long tail. Some of them, like Ken Robinson's, have over 30 million hits. Most of them have got well short of 10,000, and yet some of those are among the best. I had five wonderful, wonderful years at the Open University where we developed OpenLine.  Here is a little note. This is what's happening. These stats I'm about to offer for you are over a year out of date, I'm afraid. 54 partner institutions, 150 courses, almost 2 million registered learners, actually now well over 2 million, studying 3.5 million courses in 190 countries. Over half the students taking their very first online course, 43 are in full-time work, 60% are female and 60% are outside the UK. This is a significant success, and one of the things I love, I've always hated this phrase, the sense that there's learning for learning's sake. There's always somehow or another, there's a purposeless element to it. I remember having a fierce argument with a politician in the UK who said to me, oh, Open University, oh, that's what does those history lessons for ambassadors' wives, as if somehow that was a purpose to you. I've never forgotten this.  We've managed to defeat the idea of learning for learning's sake, and in fact, the learning is very purposeful. I want to give you just an illustration number, it's a three-minute clip, but it's a very good one. We did a joint venture, and do a joint venture, with the European Space Agency. There's a purpose to this because there are areas of real shortage, as we know in Ireland, data analytics, a real shortage. So the purpose here was to encourage people interested in a variety of things, climate change, data analytics space, to hook into a very short programme and see where it went from there. This was a particularly successful hook. I guess in the online, you could almost call it clickbait, but it was more than that. Welcome to the first Isamu Connors observation from space. We are really excited you are on board with us for this journey. Earth orbiting satellites are completely revolutionising the picture we've got of our home planet. They're showing not only its great beauty, but also its complexity. We've seen from the vantage point of Voyager 1 in the outer reaches of the solar system how small and vulnerable is our planet in the dark blackness of space. Satellites around the earth, however, are giving us the fine detail that we need to understand the big problems and challenges we face in climate change and environmental change and the rapid advances in technology are now giving us a much more powerful and comprehensive set of measurements than we've ever had in the past. We are in the midst of a data revolution. With the launch of the Sentinel data we will get sustained observation for the next decades. And this observation will be really important to better understand our planet, understand processes, but also support decision making related to climate change and monitoring of the environment. The intention of this course is to excite you about earth observation, its power and its value. It will set out the fundamental principles by which we make measurements from space. It will tell you about how those measurements are used. It will show you the kind of problems that earth observation can be fundamental to solving and most of all it intends to be inspiring and informative. I hope it will be a great opportunity for you to discover the value of earth observation, how we can use it in science but also to support decisions related to climate change. We want to expose you to the beauty of the data why it's fascinating. You will learn about how to use the data in context with other data, how to process them and how to make the most of it.  Though looking forward to working with you in the next few months and better understand how to make the most of these data. So it's a five week course, two to three hours a week, not exactly intimidating, the purpose of it being to get people to get a taste of what was out there and what they could learn. It was hugely successful in terms of directing people off to other longer courses and from that indeed on to master's courses. We learned a lot. One of the reasons I think it was effective was because we had access to, because of the nature of the subject, technology and really wonderful images. So we actually do something that was colossally professional and in that sense inspiring. And as I see it, one of the challenges for all of us is to use that level of excellence, of imagery in other subject areas to gather together material and be prepared to spend the kind of money that was required to inspire and get people to sign up. The big challenge is this battle, if you like, between technology and empathy because technology without empathy I personally convinced can lead to a real form of sterility. But technology that enhances empathy can be life changing. So I hate the word, but our aim genuinely is to create sympathy, a different type of attitude to technology. I live in West Cork, and I teach from a studio which I thoroughly enjoyed. Now what we've done as a result of that studio is in Skibri we've created an entrepreneur centre with a thousand mix of broadband and encouraging young people into it. I was talking yesterday to Bill Lau, the founder, creator of Coddo Dojo, pointing out to him and he affirmed this better than I could have expected. I said, what's amazing is for several years we've been running the Coddo Dojo courtesy of a local hotel who've loaned us their ballroom. And we had 14 or 15 mostly boys coming to that Coddo Dojo. The day that we opened the Ludgate centre that number jumped to 65. So I've talked to Bill about why that might be and we both agreed it's to do with having a professional environment in which to work. It was exactly the same as me called creating a professional environment in which people learn sports. Suddenly you feel as though you're being taken seriously, you're in an environment that takes you seriously and changes and Bill was saying something very interesting. Whenever Coddo Dojo's are formed in business environments, i.e. a business is good enough to loan the premises, they're successful, whereas when they're offered churches or when they're offered schools, it doesn't work. Kids do not want to go back into school in the evening to learn technology, especially if that school isn't seen as technologically sharp and well-equipped. So we're learning a lot in Skim from having access to very, very good technology. Ken, that's the centre and it is good. Ken Robinson we sort of started with. Ken was 33 million. I've got this other 33.5 million hits on his TED talks, quite astounding. So it seems reasonable in a way to give him almost the last word. Education, real education is messy and any attempt to standardise it through federal or state governments or bureaucratic committees will lead to a system that ignores this one irrefutable fact. Education is a complex human system. It's about people and people are natural creatures. We're organic creatures. We grow and we evolve and we change and if you have an industrial metaphor in your head then you're led into the sort of language that we now use about standardisation and the thing is it's much more like gardening than engineering. If you're a gardener you don't make it grow when the plant grows itself. You don't kind of attach the leaves and paint the petals and screw in the roots. I mean the thing grows itself if you create the right conditions. My job, as he thinks, feels and I feel is to create the right conditions to advance the whole world of education to meet the challenges that are done and question the faces in the next two, three, four decades. Last word for me is a sort of self-justification. I'm a child of the sixties, unapologetically. I've given up trying to apologise for the mistakes that I've made in the sixties because we've got a lot of things right. One of the great heroes of my generation was Eldridge Cleaver and he had gone to be part of the problem. Only recently did I realise that Abram Lincoln 105 years earlier had said almost exactly the same thing. You cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today. I would argue that there has been enough evasion in the world of education and only been very recently have we understood the nature of our challenge, nature of our responsibility and the nature of our opportunity. Thank you very much for listening to me.


Hey, Bolo Buddies, thanks for watching. Okay, I have 50 big money Bolo's coming your way Unexpected most of them, but these are items that I shared in my Bolo Buddies Facebook group and A lot of them if you're in my Facebook group, you'll probably miss number one or You saw it clicked on it checked it out when I posted it But never went back to see what it sold for so I am going to share with you 50 big money Bolo's that I found on eBay that sold for big bucks that I know I am going to be looking for so this is one way that I research is I Look at auctions that have high number of bids I don't look at what they're selling for like the most But I look at those number of bids and I make sure that there's a lot of unique bidders I try not to go for the ones that only have one bid or for the ones that have two people bidding against each other I try to look for things that show that the item is an item that people really want And that's how I learned I used to sell only clothing only clothes I started in 2005 So I've been reselling for a long time. It is my full-time job. It is my passion. I love it I'm so thankful for what I do every day. It's just I love it and I started YouTube to learn honestly And to help others learn so let's get into these 50 big money Bolo's All right, here we go and the first item Oh, and by the way, if you're not in my Facebook group, there's a link down in the description of the video Definitely come on over and join us. All right, the first item is this little house on the prairie lunchbox It's got the thermos Let me see if I can get you a picture of the thermos here. There you have it. How cute is that and This it's got a sticker on the inside. That's funny I don't remember seeing that maybe I didn't look at all the pictures but This one sold for two hundred and ten dollars and fifty cents with fifty two bids in the buyer paid shipping The next item is this vintage Disneyland poster from 1962 so it's a map this sold for five hundred and ten dollars The buyer paid the shipping I do have a Bolo category video on Disney items to be on the lookout for So you can go to my YouTube channel and you can look for that and check it out The next item is this vintage Pokemon 23 karat gold Burger King lot, so I'm still not clear on what these are if you guys can put in the comments explain this to me 23 karat gold like I mean they're from Burger King, so I'm just confused I think these were probably like a Happy Meal toy but Not sure what makes them special they sold for eighty three dollars with sixty bids in the buyer paid shipping So let me know in the comments what these are all about The next item is this vintage talking gi Joe, so I'm not sure why he's so special if it's because it's got the original box or If he's just really rare, but he sold for one thousand three hundred and twenty four dollars in 99 cents and the buyer paid the shipping with forty five bidders or bids. I'm sorry not bidders shiny bright shiny bright Christmas ornaments can definitely be a Bolo. This one has the original box They look to still have their glitter and their bright colors. They're really really pretty these went for two hundred and twenty three dollars and fifty cents And the buyer paid the shipping. So if you go into bids, this is typically what I will do I will go in and I will look at the unique bidders and there's eleven Different people bidding on this item Now this person only has one feedback where you know sometimes that can be a thing But most of the time some people just come on to eBay because They find the item in Google search and it's something that they really want So don't be afraid of the zero and one feedback I have people with zero feedback buy for me all the time and they pay Do I have people that don't pay that have zero feedback? Yes But I have people that don't pay that have a thousand feedback So it's not always a good indicator as to whether or not someone's going to pay But you can see there's eleven unique bidders. They started the auction at nine dollars and ninety nine cents So what an exciting auction But just to let you guys know when I do post these in my Facebook group I typically go in and look at this information so that I'm giving you guys Good information based on the bid history of the item Okay, so this is a prexy tobacco Tin it's a tin They're calling it a metal tin can gas oil sign. I don't know why they're calling it a sign because it's a tin Anyway, this sold for nine hundred and sixty five dollars and fifty five cents Absolutely crazy. I do have a video on tins vintage tins The five top-selling tins that I could find to look for in a separate video and Oyster tins is one of the top five that I found now. Are there others? I'm sure but just when I was researching I picked the top five that I found so Oyster tins huge money if you can find the right ones this one is a one gallon and It's used and it sold for two thousand three hundred and twenty five dollars you guys How crazy is that? 48 bids The next item that sold is this Dinosaurs a baby Sinclair not the mama plush stuffed animal from 1991 The winning bid was eighty dollars with 26 bids and the buyer paid shipping Okay, briar horses kind of one of those things that you really got to know what you're looking for Some of them are bread and butter some of them are big money This one had 72 bids the buyer paid the shipping and it sold for a hundred and eighty eight dollars and fifty cents How would you guys have sold these would you have sold them as a lot or would you have sold them individually? I think I would have sold them individually, but that's just me and I am not an expert on briar horses the next item is a Very distracting this background. I hate it because you can't see the toys like I really want to see the toys I Have sold I think it's the lion. I don't know whatever that thing is with the saddle I've sold one of those before and I did it was a bolo for sure I don't know lots about these toys, but I know that some of them individually can go for big money I'm not sure about these, but this ended up selling for eight hundred and fifteen dollars They're all masters of the universe. That's what MOTU stands for if you don't know that And yeah, let me know what you guys think about this. Do you think it was a reseller buying it or a collector? The next item that sold is this vintage 1974 Pillsbury Doughboy Uncle Rolly and poppy fingers puppets in their car this sold for 261.50 cents with 79 bids and the buyer paid shipping Never seen that one probably never will okay, so this is a vintage turtle trade Mark Willow basket trout fishing basket and There's only one image, so they may have been using like an image I think there's like a I don't know if it's like an application or a Secondary service where you can put them down in the description and then you delete them But we only get one photo here and I think when I shared this in the group there was more photos So that's a bummer The next item are these Madison silo salt and pepper shakers from 1970s They sold for a hundred and thirty two dollars and fifty cents and the buyer paid shipping The next item is The poly pocket Bluebird so bluebird when they say bluebird on the bottom. That's when you know their vintage so this seller Probably made a mistake by not having all of these figures in The original photo I Think that they would have sold this Maybe for more if they would have showed that because I think I know in the Facebook group a lot of people were Commenting like oh, it doesn't have any figures. That's why it's not going for so much But if you get to the last picture Some of the figures are there and it's cut off which is odd I mean you can see up here I don't know. They didn't do a very good job with the photos on this in my opinion But it still sold for five hundred and fifteen dollars and the buyer paid shipping The next item is this vintage brass spirit padlock and key and it says magic and Tommy Joke shop. So, huh? I wonder if it's Some sort of like trick Huh? It said haunted house from a haunted house and so this might be one of those people that's Saying it's haunted or something like that. I don't know the performer places it so maybe it's a magic trick Not a hundred percent sure, but it sold for two hundred and fifty five dollars forty one bids a lot of times people will say that something Is haunted to try to increase the value. I Would not do that you guys. I I don't know. I just Personally, I wouldn't do it. That's just me. I don't know if you're allowed to do it on eBay if eBay has rules against it Be careful with that. I do know that people do it and they do Profit because of it, but I guess to each their own, right? Okay, the next item is this small packs vaccine tube from Berkeley cutter laboratories its vintage and It's medical and it's rare and it's probably nothing that we will ever find and It's such a weird random unexpected Bolo and it sold for three hundred and ninety four dollars What do you guys think some sort of powder buildup? That's just weird Okay, the next I don't know if I'd want to touch that without gloves the next item is this 1983 Avon little blossom tauke with puff and whisper soft cologne. I know that these puffs are definitely a Bolo That's probably what drive the price up on this one You can check out my Avon Bolo category video for more Bolo items that are Avon that sell for big money There are still some that sell for big money that are Avon this sold for 208 50 and the buyer page shipping The next item is this vintage Baltimore Oilers Fitted wool hat this sold for two hundred eighty two dollars and eighty eight cents in the buyer page shipping The next item is this mortal combat t-shirt. It is a gamer shirt. It looks like it says video game rare It looks like it's single stitch Maybe not. I'm trying to see here. Does it say? It looks I Don't know 1992 maybe it's not single stitch Nope, it's not single stitch and it's not in great condition and it's still sold for $1,625 71 bids guys. That's crazy The next item that sold is this vintage camp military to burner stove made in Sweden Sold for five hundred and forty eight dollars in the buyer page shipping The next item are these vintage bluebird poly pocket people animals furniture. So these are just the accessories These are the vintage bluebird. So they're the little teeny tiny ones and these sold for two hundred and fifty eight dollars 22 bids buyer page shipping The next item is this vintage dollhouse miniature plant stand So miniature dollhouse items can do really really well. It just varies. There is a huge market But some of them go for very little and some of them go for big money and I can't tell you What is what so this one sold for sixty nine dollars and four cents and the buyer page shipping And I do have a bow low category video on dollhouse items. So this is the vintage ideal Tammy's sister Pose and pepper patty. No freckles carrot hair doll and I'm telling you she looks to be in mint Condition there and she sold for five hundred and sixty dollars sixty one bids buyer page shipping This is just a weird pose if you ask me he doesn't look like a fighter he looks like he's modeling for like a romance novel or something and this is a WWE Shawn Michaels Hbk WrestleMania t-shirt and it sold for two hundred and thirty two dollars and fifty cents and the buyer paid shipping And it does say the heartbreak What do you guys think do you think it looks like a romance novel or a wrestler and it's even got a big hole in the armpit The next item is this vintage 1970s John Deere snow bow Bill helmet boys. Oh wait, I'm sorry box not boys Extra-large, so I don't know if that's a youth size or not But it sold for two hundred and thirty one dollars and fifty cents and the buyer paid shipping The next item is this Lego system dragon masters Lego set and it is vintage from 1993 and It's an old one guys and this sold for eight hundred and fifty dollars. It's new old stock How cool is that? the next item that sold is this monster stickers easy peel and It's never been used is sold for three hundred and sixty five dollars with 40 bids and the buyer paid shipping The next item that sold is this vintage goldfish graphics collectible fireworks label So this is just the label and I was hoping for more pictures You're not allowed to ship fireworks But you can sell the labels and people collect the labels apparently this sold for a hundred and forty two dollars and fifty cents and the buyer paid shipping The next item that sold is this vintage peaches and cream Barbie and I had this Barbie as a kid and I know I sold her I Think it was mine. I Don't know because I bought a bunch of Barbies at a garage sale. It might have been in there. I Can't remember But I've sold this before in a lot and I probably should have sold her separately even though she was not in the original box I still had her dress So anyway, it's sold for two hundred and twenty six dollars with 47 bids and the buyer paid shipping The next item vintage Asian themed decor artisan dollhouse miniatures. This is super cool So artisan means that somebody made it So I I don't know maybe I Don't know Because some of those things don't look handmade But super cool sold for three hundred and thirty five dollars and fifty seven cents buyer paid shipping The next item is this Pokemon and I thought it was like a handheld game but somebody told me it's like a Information guide like thing. I don't know Pokedex is what it's called. So I got schooled on that one, but either way it's new old stock Pokemon handheld Gadget sold for three hundred and fifteen dollars eighty four bids in the buyer paid shipping The next item is mountain man treasures. He is a member of my Facebook group Troy is awesome He has a great YouTube channel. He is a bolo finder be sure to check out mountain man. Treasure. He sold me He sold me he messaged me on Facebook and said hey I have a game auction going on right now It's dark tower and I said send me the link and I shared it in the group and it ended up selling for 238 dollars and 49 cents and the buyer paid shipping The next item is this antique Micro beaded floral 1920 drawstring purse. This is beaded you guys look at the beadwork on that and Would you have picked this up if you saw it or would you have walked by it is sold for 82 dollars 44 bids buyer paid shipping The next item is this vintage pyrex daisy round dish. This sold for $2026 and pyrex is very controversial when I post it in my group Lots of opinions. Now, I guess this pattern is not what made this go for so much But the fact that it's this pattern on this bowl I do have a lot of people in the group that know about pyrex So whenever I post these I get a lot of really good comments telling me why something has value So pyrex is hard to research I would recommend joining a pyrex group and asking around before you post it on eBay The next item is this vintage lace trims two bolts sold for a hundred and ten dollars and fifty cents and the buyer paid shipping This is super cool. It's meant. It's rare. It's a vintage Halloween candy container It's a notter which is kind of like a bobble head thing and you can see the bottom here made in Germany And it's from the 1920s you guys vintage Halloween is definitely a bolo Check out my bolo category videos on vintage Halloween items. You will be amazed this sold for $1,276 and three cents in the buyer paid shipping The next item is this RCBS vintage heavy-duty JR2 reloading press no clue some sort of tool sold for a hundred and sixty dollars and fifty cents in the buyer paid shipping The next item is this vintage GI Joe 1985 it says complete near complete Huge play set Cobra. So I would not have used this as my first picture. I would have used like I would have laid everything out and had everything in the picture. That's what I would have done Because you've got all of this stuff and you can't even see it because this is your main picture Let me know what you guys think in the comments. Maybe I'm wrong But this did end up selling for one thousand two hundred and seventy six dollars and Seventy-six cents. Do you think it would have sold for more had the main picture showed everything included Let me know what you think in the comments The next item is this new in the box kitty kitty kitten. Siamese Sammy cat sold for three hundred and all three hundred and eighty dollars buyer paid shipping These are definitely a Bolo. I have sold one of these that was new. I'm sorry not new mine was well loved No box and it sold for big money. So definitely be on the lookout for these The next item that sold is this eBay best I don't know why they put that end of the day end of day. I don't know why they put that Bakelite bracelet. I Yeah, I don't know I don't get the title. Do you guys do you think somebody just painted it and it's kind of like It's not really even eBay colors. I don't know. I don't get it But it sold with 81 bids for a hundred and ninety four dollars and fifty cents buyer paid shipping And I just released a bid video on how to test for Bakelite So you can go and check that out also again. This one has a horrible picture Guess it doesn't matter if you have the right item these vintage 1960s Levi's sold for seven hundred and twenty five dollars You can see the condition is pretty worn And they still sold for seven hundred and twenty five dollars That's crazy. I mean look at the tag. It's even a mess Biggie guys, that's what you're looking for the biggie The next item are these cracker jack tin litho toys I Do have a question if anybody knows how do you know if they're cracker jack toys? Is there any? Identifiable marks Markings are they signed? Let me know in the comments if you know this sold for five hundred and ninety eight dollars and ninety three cents and the buyer paid shipping The next item is this blithe doll It's an original Kenner blonde with clothes now. It says that it works check out the eyes. They change colors. I Didn't know that that is so cool and she sold for one thousand five hundred and eighty six dollars Crazy somebody explained to me how those eyes work. I've got to know The next item is this unused new old stock my first Sony Walkman It's new old stock still in the box sold for a hundred and fifty eight dollars and it's got this really cute graphic Advertising of the kid dancing and says my first Sony with the thumbs up so super super cool and You can see the packaging. It's just a neat item. So The next item is this rare vintage 1958 Sun Rubber Company Um Sunny the bear pink jointed squeak rubber bear sold for one thousand six hundred and twenty six dollars with forty eight bids Unreal no clue why this is so special, but how amazing is that? Definitely be on the lookout for that guy girl probably a girl it's pink The next item a member of my Facebook group sent me this one and they said they had had it in their closet and they decided to list it And they were glad they did it's a 30 year old WCW Professional wrestling pillowcase. It's rare and it's sold for fifty one dollars. It's just the pillowcase 11 bids buyer paid shipping the next item are these scenario vintage pencils with erasers and This sold for two hundred and four dollars and fifty cents with fifty one bids Freishipping super super cool. Everybody kept commenting. I used to have these. I used to have these. I wish I would have kept them Definitely a cool bolo the next item is this vintage economics books from Irving Fisher and it says 1907 to maybe 1930 sold for $760 you guys and the buyer paid the shipping The next item that sold is this car. It's a Hot Wheels car. It's a van and Ended up selling with 48 bids $84 and the buyer paid shipping The next item are these vintage Larry Mahan Rodeo sweetheart Valentine cowgirl boots size eight sold for four hundred and ten dollars with sixty eight bids and the buyer paid shipping alright, you guys 25 minutes in and you just got 50 big money Unexpected Bolo's. What do you guys think? Let me know in the comments. Do you like this type of video? If you're in my Facebook group, is this something you want to watch or do you feel like I've already seen them? Let me know what you guys think. Thanks for watching. Have a great night and I'll see you at the next video


Poloxymers are block copolymers composed of poly, ethylene oxide, PO, and poly, propylene oxide, PPO. They have amphiphylic characteristics and are used in a variety of applications such as solubilizing compounds, stabilizing drugs, and providing physiologically relevant properties. Additionally, they are used as excipients in pharmaceuticals due to their low toxicity. Challenges faced in nanomedicine include transporting insoluble drugs throughout the body and delivering them to specific locations. Poloxymers offer potential solutions to these problems through their rich phase behavior, which includes micelles, hydrogels, lyotropic liquid crystals, and more. These properties make them suitable for a wide range of processing techniques, including direct solubilization, solvent displacement, emulsification, and preparation of kinetically frozen particles. Poloxymers are thus highly versatile and can be used to create a variety of products, including nano-encapsulated drugs. This article was authored by Andrew M. Badradi and Pascalis Alexandridis. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Hey guys, welcome to SSUniTech, so till this site and today we are going to start with the tumbling window trigger. So in the last two videos, we have discussed about the triggers and schedule trigger. So if you haven't watched those videos, so before going forward, I would strongly recommend to watch those videos. So let's get started about tumbling window trigger. So tumbling window trigger is a type of the trigger and that fires at a periodic time intervals from a specified start time. So tumbling window triggers are going to fire on the periodic time interval like 1 hour, 2 hour or 15 minute, 30 minute. So on that interval, it will be executing and we have to specify the start date for that. Next is the tumbling window trigger are a series of the fixed size or non-overlapping and contiguous time interval. So what it means? So let's go in the excel and we'll try to understand there. So here let's assume if we are going to create any trigger and that is the tumbling window trigger and we have specified the start date and end date for that trigger and the execution of that trigger will be in 1 hour. So here it will be going to create 1 hour window for each hour like it is going to start from 9 o'clock and it will be going to create a window for 1 hour so that will be 9 to 10 that you can see in the first row. After that you can see the second window and this window will be from 10 to 11. So similarly it will be going to create 24 windows as you can see here and it will be completed at 9 pm on second day. So we will be going to have separate windows for each hour. Next is it is important to remember that the tumbling window trigger can be configured to initiate past and future dates so that we will see later in this video. A tumbling window trigger has one to one relationship with the pipeline and can only reference a single pipeline. So we can say that in case of the tumbling window trigger it will be going to have a one to one relationship with the pipeline. We cannot create a single tumbling window trigger and will be going to associate with the multiple pipelines so that we cannot do. It will have only one to one relationship. So now go to the browser and we will try to create the tumbling window trigger in practical. So here we are in the last video we have created this trigger that is a schedule type of trigger. Now we can create the tumbling window trigger. So let me click on new and here we can call this as tumbling window early trigger. Next here we can specify the description. So if you want to specify any description then we can provide like tumbling window trigger. Here in case of the type we need to select the tumbling window. Now here we can see the start date. So this start date is going to indicate from which date we can start the execution of the trigger. So here we can set for today's date like 4 and after that we can set the time as well. So as we can see it is 9.15 so we can set the 9.15 here 21 and after that we can set like 30 and after that we can set this as 00 and we can click on OK. So this trigger will be going to start at 9.30 on today and here we can see the recurrence. So this recurrence we can set like 1R in our case. So this will be going to execute in 1R. So it will be going to create a separate copies of the windows. So here we have to specify the end date. So we can set this as tomorrow with 9.59 and click on OK. So it will be going to have the 24R. It will have 24 different windows and that window will be going to start executing this trigger. Now go to on the advance option and in this advance option we can see the dependencies. So we can ignore the dependencies in this video in the next video we will be going to see about the dependencies. Here we can see the delay. So in case of the delay we can set the delay like here we can set like 10 minutes. So your pipeline will be executing by using this trigger and that will be delay by 10 minutes and after that here we can see the max concurrency. So when we can use that so if you can see here we are having this start date and we have this end date and it is executing on every 1R. So the same thing we can also get by using the schedule trigger. So what is the actual importance of the tumbling window trigger. So in case of the tumbling window trigger we can also set your start date as past date but in case of the schedule trigger we cannot set this start date as past date. That start date that should be your present date or future date. But in case of the tumbling window trigger we can set this as past date. So go to on the excel and here if we want to set up your windows from past dates like here we can see the two and let me have the two here as well and let me have the two here and here as well. So now here we can see we are setting this for the past dates. So this date is the Feb 2022 and current date is March 2022. So it will be also creating the window for the past date. So this will be the past date one window and this is for the second window and if we want to execute this in the past date then that we can do by using the tumbling window trigger. And while we are going to set up the start date and end date with the past dates so on that case here max concurrency will be going to use. So here it will be going to create the 24 window and for example if we are having the one month data and we want to execute on the early basis. So on that case it will be going to have around so 720 window will be there and we want to execute how many window at a time. So that will be the max concurrency. So it is 50 by default and we can change it. So let me go in the next property that is the retry policy. So here we can see the count if your any window is going to fail. So do you want to retry here by default is zero. So how many time it will be retrying it will be retrying as zero. We can set like 10 by 10 times we want to re execute that window and after that we can see the retry policy intervals in second. So for example first window is executed and that got failed. Next window after what time that will be started. So the same window will be started again in 30 seconds so that we can set it here. Now here we can see the start trigger on creation. So let me click on that and click on okay. So it will be going to create a new trigger and the type that is the tumbling window trigger. It is created. Now let me go in the pipeline section and we want to set this trigger inside the pipeline. So this is the copy details. Let me go in the trigger and click on the new or edit. Here we can see the choose trigger. Let me select this tumbling window trigger. Everything looks good. Click on okay. Now let me set this. Now we can go in the manage and here inside the triggers we can see the related. So under the related we can see the one. Now we can go again inside the author tab and here go to the another pipeline and here we will try to set up the tumbling window trigger with this pipeline. So as I told you it will have the one to one relationship. So that tumbling window trigger we have already set up with this copy details. So that we will not be able to set up under the copy data. So let's try to set up and we'll see. So go to on the new and edit under the choose trigger. Here we can see only the schedule trigger is available. The first one which is the tumbling window is not available because we have already set up that under the copy details. So next we can also create the trigger dependencies. So that we will see in the next video how we can set up that next we can say that we can also create the self dependent trigger. So what is the self dependent trigger that we will also see in the next video in details. As of now you can only understand we can create the self dependent trigger. So like your trigger will be dependent on your trigger execution like this is the only trigger and it depends the execution of previous window. Once the previous window will be completed the next window will be going to start. Next we can access the window start date time and window end time values by using the system variables that you can see here. So we have to use these two system variables that is the trigger dot outputs dot window start time. So this is for the start and window end time. So this will be for the end. So these two system variables can be used to access the start time and end time of the trigger. Thank you so much for watching this video. If you really like this video please subscribe our channel to get many more videos. 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Early detection is so important in the treatment of breast cancer. The number one risk factor is age. As women get older, some feel they don't need mammograms anymore. They do. Please make an appointment today. It just might save your life. Recently, Pikeville Police Department enrolled in an extensive tactical training program. Every officer graduated with the knowledge needed to better handle life or death situations. Pikeville Police Chief Michael Riddle offers more on how the training has improved the local law enforcement. After the tragic events that took place in Allen, I went to our city officials and city manager and I said, you know, I think that we would benefit from some more tactical training. You know, just if nothing else to make us more prepared for a situation that we could someday face similar to what they faced in Allen that day, but also just to make us be able to better serve our community and be safer and, you know, help each other as far as that goes. We had people here that may approach a situation differently just because of the way they were trained. But now that we've got everyone that's all had the same training, whether you've got a 20-year veteran that shows up with a one-year rookie, so to say, they both have the same training and should have the same tactics to handle that situation as a teamwork, you know. Riddle says this is only the first phase of their training. While it has been tough, every officer is committed to being more prepared to face new dangers every day. Any extra training that you can put yourself through, other than, you know, what you may already be required to take is always going to be better prepared to face these situations like that, you know, like they might have seen that day in Allen or what we might face tomorrow. You never know what you might face and we plan to continue on with this. You know, this is only phase one of three just in this training that we've undergone and we hope to just keep continuing it. For one, it makes us safer. It betters our chances of getting home at night. It betters our chances of helping someone that might be in a life-or-death situation and it makes us to better protect each other. So anything that you can do, you know, training-wise that makes you safer is a plus for not only the members of the department but the communities we serve. Reporting for Mountain Top News, I'm Nick Collum.


This e-lecture is a direct continuation of pre-lexical processing 1, where we looked at speech perception. The main questions, however, are the same, but this time they relate to the written signal. We will, for example, try to identify perceptual cues. We will ask the question, what could perceptual units be, and will eventually model the entire process of perceiving the written input signal. But first of all, we will look at the computer-based version of perceiving the written input signal, namely optical character recognition. Now, an optical character recognition or, in short, OCR system consists of a scanner and some sort of OCR software. The software is installed on the machine where the result of the scan is processed. After a primary visual analysis, which uses some sort of visual recognition device, a visual pattern, eventually some sort of graphological forms, are developed on the basis of pre-stored geometrical visual patterns. But what are these patterns? Well, here you find some variance of the capital character A. Now, what have they in common? Well, research into computer vision has provided evidence that, as in speech perception, the written signal, first of all, undergoes a process of clearance. That is, we must get rid of turbulences, defects in print, and so on. And then we have a visual perception mechanism that looks for specific low-level geometrical cues. At least two such cues can be identified when we analyze the characters of the Roman alphabet. The first of these cues is called the loop.  Each character can thus be defined as having no zero loops, one loop, here it is, or even two loops. The size of the loop area, though, is of subordinate importance. The second visual pattern is referred to as concavity. Now, concavities are defined as concave region facing into a certain direction. Now, the directions are labeled according to the principles of the compass. So we have something like the northern direction, the eastern direction, the western direction, or the southern direction. So, if we look at our characters here, then of course you will find that the capital letter O has no concavity. The letter C has one concavity facing to the east. The capital H has two concavities, one facing to the north, one to the south. And looking at the capital A, we have one concavity facing to the south, and E has two concavities both facing to the east. Now, using these visual patterns, the central question emerges, how do we perceive the written signal? In other words, we're looking for perceptual units. Let us concentrate on languages with a phonographic alphabetic writing system where words are composed of small sets of basic visual elements, namely graphemes. Hence, it is legitimate to ask whether the perceptual analysis of written languages is based in some sense upon character recognition. Such a graphemic or letter mediated approach would be enormously economical, since the recognition device would have to rely on a limited set of perceptual patterns. Alternatively, one could postulate an approach which is holistic in character where elementary visual features are employed to address the lexicon directly. A third view, the transgraphemic view, combines both options, the graphemic and the holistic view. Let us look at these options more closely. The possibility of storing words as graphological structures can only apply to those languages that employ a phonographic writing system and to those speakers of these languages who can write and read, hence to a minority of all cases. Furthermore, if words are stored as graphological structures, then the graphological structure must somehow be related to the phonological structure since phonographic writing systems by nature establish a symbol-sound relationship. However, the graphological specification cannot be accessible during pre-lexical processes since it is part of the lexical specification of an entry itself. A possible solution to this dilemma is the assumption of a processing system where several levels operate in parallel and allow top-down interaction. Now, the holistic view or holistic strategy of perceiving the written signal does not rely on letters as mediators between the visual information and recognition. Rather, it says that the information uptake bypasses the level of letter identification and that the extracted features are directly mapped onto the stored pattern descriptions for individual words. Thus, words are processed in terms of their spatial orientation. Now here, you find five variants, graphemic variants of the word graphemic itself. And of course, we all know that this is the only option that is in accordance with the orthography of present-day English. But don't you have the feeling that sometimes, in order to find out whether a word is spelled correctly or not, you have to see it first. Whenever we are insecure, we often proceed according to the principle, let's write it down first and then we'll decide. Thus, the stored word forms correspond to their perceptual counterparts, which are characterizable on the basis of their sub-segmental properties. The process of written word recognition is then a process identical with general visual perception. The only difference is that the written signal is two-dimensional. Finally, we have transgraphemes or the transgraphemic view. Now, here we are confronted with holistic patterns that expand over several letters. Typical examples of such patterns can be found in print defects where due to the use of specific fonts or different degrees of saturation, two or more adjacent letters touch each other or in those words where we are confronted with morphographemic changes. Now, here is of course a change. Grapheme is spelled with a final e and as soon as we add ik to grapheme, we lose this final e. So, the idea of a transgraphemic representation would be that not only these are the central elements in the mental lexicon, but also something like this as an alternative representation of im. How can all this be modeled? Any theory of character recognition is passive in character. Visual perception, whether by man or by machines, is exclusively sensory, so that there cannot be any relationship between the incoming signal and the visual production mechanism. In speech, two variants of a passive model are discussed, one that makes use of templates and one that is a feature detection model. Yet whole object template theories are usually dismissed as models of visual perception. Templates are incapable of accounting for the vast number of shape and size variations objects exhibit. For these reasons, we are left with models that rely on feature detectors. Now, the heart of a feature detector model is a multi-layered network of recognition devices where evidence for the symbols in the input stream is collected. At the lowest level, here, a system of feature detector units analyzes the fundamental characteristics of the input signal. The higher levels, now these are all higher levels, this information is interpreted in terms of abstract linguistic units. Now these abstract units can be phonemes, graphemes, words, etc. Let us illustrate this using an example. Now here we have a feature detector system which is going to identify the character P on an 8-dot pixel matrix. Let's start the feature detector. Well, first of all, the sans-serif letter P is scanned. Now, at the lowest level of analysis in a feature detector model, geometrical features such as horizontal lines, edge location, pixel position, color saturation, and so on and so forth are analyzed. Let's see, let's look at the result. So here we find a collection of arbitrary feature detectors. Some of them fire, that is, they are positive in terms of their value, for example, B3, 4, 5 and 6 and G3, but the others are not activated. The next level will identify sub-graphemic orthographical features such as loops and concovities, the ones we discussed earlier on. So, for example, some of these arbitrary feature detectors have identified that there is one loop. There is also a concavity facing to the southeast and also activated, perhaps not with such a high value, a concavity facing to the east. Well, this may be an alternative. Now, the evidence collected at this point is then dropped into a feature buffer where it remains for a short interval until further information comes in to combine the features into characters. And so the result will possibly be that we have one loop and one concavity facing to the southeast and the result will be P. The process of feature combination is heavily influenced by higher levels of analysis. The discrimination of P from R, for example, in a word such as play, is phonotactically and graphologically influenced by the fact that initial clusters such as rule do not exist but pull do exist. So this is then information from higher levels. Let's summarize. It seems that the analysis of both speech and written input is sensory and does not involve any active mechanisms and that a system of sub-segmental feature detectors, well, here are our feature detectors, is central to passive theories of perception. In the case of speech, these feature detectors are concerned with specific acoustic cues in the signal. In the case of written language, we have cues such as edges, lines and loops in the written input. Whether there is a cross-modal link, here is the cross-modal link between speech and written language. That is, between graphological and phonological information is not entirely clear.


They used to ask President Trump, why don't you act your age?  Which was a good question. Act your age. But the question they keep asking President Biden is, why do you act so aged? I have AIDS. And I'm starting to think the former question less problematic than the latter. Oh, not AIDS. You've aged. Imagine an encounter in a presidential debate being paged. No, a paged. Aged.  Act your age, since then you look foolish. Trump responding, why do you act so aged? I have AIDS? Again? And then they both keel over from overexhaustion. Oh no! The debate of the century, two Titans duking it out. Exhausted. Oh no, look out, Bernie Sanders is hobbling into the ring, giving his battle cry. Marge, I agree with you in theory. Communism! In theory, communism works. In theory. Hillary Clinton after her nap jabbing cheap shots with her cane through the rope screaming, I'll take you out like I took out my husband's last secretary. I'm sorry, but I don't think we should vote for anybody older than President Reagan was when he was president. What's that Phil? I'm an age bigot now. I'm not trying to be an age bigot. Mr. Bigot. I'm just saying, they're too old. He's too old. What's that Phil? I can't say that. What? What did you say, Senator? You can't say that. Okay, well just, just edit it out. Edit that out Phil. He can't say that! Haskell, down! Down! Heal! We don't want to get in any trouble or anything. All right. Now, we don't want any trouble. If you don't want any trouble, what are you doing in my town?


What's up guys and welcome well, I'm drag first of all I'm Chris and welcome to the first episode of Channel spotlights We'll call it a work. Yeah. Yeah, I think I think channel spotlights. Yeah, yeah channels for our highlight Spotlights spotlight. Well highlight. Well, not really spotlight because we're actually spotting the channels in the freedom pages Helping them grow and that's exactly what the show is about where we put you on the spotlight and review your channels on air And right if you guys like this concept, let us know in the comments below Let us know if you want to see a lot more of these and we'll definitely bring them to you guys And we're planning to make this a daily show on three channels guys every day We'll have three channels on the show Spotlighted and maybe give you guys some hints although well, you know It is a lot better if you guys collaborate and you know, they could actually you know All the viewers could actually help that spotlight to channel art as well by giving their hints and reviews and we help you grow guys Because you know what they're all youtubers. Yeah, every one of them is a youtuber So every one of them can actually help each other grow. That's it Which is and that's the motto of our freedom family guys help each other grow next question What's with the hats? Okay The hats guys is because we're too old fogies and the hit is gone. Yeah, you used to have a channel in twitch We used to call ourselves the Baldi brothers the Baldi brother. Yeah, well, there's a reason for that Yeah, you should tell us. What do you think? Do you want the Baldi brothers? That's all hats off, but then all shiny and shit or The hats on hats on which is better for lighting as well Chris should we Stop reviewing a channel okay on blabbing along all day because we can blab on that's the whole aim of the show Is that we review your channels guys? So, let's take a look now guys. We just randomly pick channels that have left comments on the freedom page Naturally criteria you have to be a freedom partner and right guys our first video on review a channel on review today is Cut the cups guys. What do you think Chris? What do you think? Look at the let's talk about the the benefit the banner and the and the logo and his images Well, the banner is not bad Sort of Appealing I kind of not bad at all. Yeah, I like it. I just feel it's a little hard to read cut the cups Yeah, for some reason I had I had a problem reading it Maybe it's just all age, but right. I still like it creative and yeah, and I'm the one with the glasses Not that bad. Yeah, but now I would recommend a couple of things that we spotted out here first of all On your landing page. I love those guys. Take a listen to this Whoa All right, it's cool That is cool cool music dude. Yeah. Oh, yeah, however stop playing. Yeah, that was just 30 seconds up Do you? You can say Chris. Do you have copyrights to that music that you're using? I'm not sure because that song is a cool song. I like it And if you do have copyrights, let me know when you got them because I want to use Yeah, I wouldn't use the word shit Chris, but yeah, I like this one a lot Anyway, if you got the rights to that song brilliant very nicely done And I love your into your advert your channel advert if you don't have the copyrights to that song Don't use it But remember remember freedom has given you guys the opportunity to use a colossal wealth of music We have partners with epidemic sound Yeah, which gives you access to some royalty-free music while you're partnered with freedom as well as what your micro Yeah, and the legendary one that George has told us a hundred thousand times about and that is the one that they use the songs For most of the movies for most of the movies. Yeah, so soon you'll be able to use that in the new dashboard coming up Yeah, so that's a small thing about the sound remember freedom has given us a wealth of music Feel free to take a look at the previous videos and grab some of that music for your videos I also noticed on his videos that Although very nicely done I Love your videos very cool buddy if you want to you could add some Music to them except for that kind of similar nothing wrong with them. I enjoyed his videos all together I think you're on the right track, so that one other small little construct constructive criticism and that would definitely be your Bitmaps for your videos your bitmaps for your videos if you can in the future create some uniformity Something that's gonna be even between them so the videos will look kind of similar and people will know they're coming from your channel And I think that would be good. Yeah, I actually do right so Should we take a look at the next channel? Let's go for it right however cut the cups keep on rocking bro Well done, and yeah guys Guys, let's hope this channel. Let's help him grow. Yeah, check out his channel. Give us some constructive Closetism as well. You all keep on rockin man. Do what you're doing and make yeah Hell yeah, well next channel dude. Yeah, I was just being Inspirational to people. I was just trying to be inspiring to people. I don't know if I inspired anything What were you inspired? Okay, guys, this is the channel number two, right? I think it's called shadow beast and shadow beast We are reviewing your channel. Um, well Chris, what do you think? I mean straight off the bat I honestly feel buddy. You should put your name in your banner if you want to yeah Other than that, I mean your band is really cool. Yeah, I like his been a lot Yeah, I do feel that maybe having a name in there might be a cool thing If you'd like to it catches the guys I immediately and a lot more easy I mean you can read shadow beast at the bottom of it as well I suppose but I mean it's still cool having your name there. I don't know. That's some small advice there Remember we know we don't know everything here guys The whole aim of the show is that once we've reviewed these channels All of our members and all the gents singers will be able to collaborate down there And give those gents some serious constructive criticism as you guys have been doing through all the shows Through all the shows. You know, that's the whole aim of this. That is the whole aim of the show So we just kind of We bring the channels to you guys Something like that, you know, just yeah up off sense worth. Yeah. So Ryder So as we take a look at your trailer your landing page trailer definitely Stop music And you guys seem to be having a lot of fun playing minecraft, which is cool Yeah Fidget's on bad Or just my pet channel trailer. It's a little long buddy I don't know if you'd like to cut it and highlight your reel Maybe if you want to make a highlight reel of all your videos. I'm not sure Maybe this is your best video right now. I don't know, but definitely you might want to make it shorter I love shorter 11 minutes for you must talk stay, you know kind of cool But still like what you're doing buddy.  They kind of in the beginning. I don't see much happening down here Chris But towards later on I see you've put some there once again get yourself a PNG template You know something worth some kind of uniformity that you could add on but when you much You know when your channel is growing just to be able to show it a lot, you know a lot more the rest guys I think channel description and that looks looks very nice. I mean keep on looking at buddy. That's about as Yeah, keep on making some cool cool birds some cool birds and right guys Moving on to channel number three. Yeah, just remember Comments below help the gentile give him some good constructive criticism and all the guys out there who can make Legendary intros who can make all that stuff as well, you know then a helping hand Maybe make a template for you the BMPs, you know the graphics guys, you know I mean make a template for the BMPs as you can use guys help this channel grow. Hell. Yeah, right Oh, I think it's about a Chris. Let's go to the next one. Yeah, sounds good And what guys I find a review of the day Chris. What do you think? Yeah? This is our final review of the day Right, so I'm right the channel is gunned gamer Yeah, and straight off the bat straight of the bat. I don't mean to interrupt you there, but straight off the bat and Brilliant header. I love the head of this channel. It is I mean the two G's over here trolling You know, it's just I like the straight away. You see it. You remember it's strong. It's there. It's like Very nice nice work, buddy. I definitely think so. Yeah, so you got my thumbs up big time at the same time You know, I'm logged in with my own personal channel. So, you know what?  I'm going back to sub to every one of your other channels as well No, it's up for sub, but why not?  Yeah, I think I think it's a good damn thing I mean Yeah, definitely. You want to see the trailer while the trailer is very nicely done I like the graphics. Yeah It's nothing wrong with that, I mean it goes with the hats and shout out Dave Brilliant, I like his interface The G the GGO the screen playing the game that I wouldn't mind playing it. I was quicker Yeah Excellent. I like it guys. Come on guys channel. Come on. This is good work This is the kind of stuff we want to see is the kid is putting in the effort. Let's help him grow brilliant Brilliant. Okay. I like your BMPs once again back to the same thing a bit of uniformity If we can put a bit of uniformity into those BMPs as well just to highlight your channel You know, I'm thinking kind of like the GG logo you've got going there.  Get something out there. I transparent PNG for Photoshop, maybe But this is brilliant Definitely, let's take a look at one more video here. I mean playlists. You've definitely Have not looked but you got a couple of playlists here as well right And remember guys the one thing you mentioned that George has got going out there and videos coming out every day by Mike But all the cool folks telling you guys exactly how to my two channels. Yeah, and to grow them and come on guys Definitely very very nice. You know, I just want to watch one more of Actually, just one of these videos. Yeah, okay. I'm gonna watch a shout out video Just just just see what this one is about and Gonna I like your intro Oh Okay, I hope this music show you but rights to use this and I think you guys are in This is gonna gamer here and today And you know shout out series is damn cool as well, I mean he's shining up to other channels as well That's all guys. Come on. We know what we're doing. Yeah sub like all the guys we saw today Let's you know help them out. That's it guys and another thing guys. Just remember if you guys like a new show Tell us below Yeah Yeah, on the comments. Yeah, but we're not finishing it. We're gonna go to the other screen here You just you just you don't you did the show Listen to the show. No, well, we did review our three channels. Yeah Okay, well, uh, so I gotta change the image at the bottom here. There's an image in front here Change My god We've put the last image on right now And of course if you guys missed it at the hundred thousand dollars sponsorship bar freedom for small channels to help every one of you grow George is making those episodes every day for us and huge thumbs up to that and Congrats to all the winners. Yeah, and right leave your comments as you know Keep on rocking and let us know what you thought of the show if you guys would like to see more of these if you guys would Like to see this on a daily basis, you know three-channel spotlights on a daily basis We would love to do it for you guys. And yes, we remember heads on.  You know, we're not to show about you know what guys? This is the beauty of freedom. You tell us what you guys want. Yeah, and of course we all grow together Is that's hard works Chris? Yep. So guys Thanks for watching hell. Yeah Leave a comment in the comment section below and Let us know would you like to see more of these? Rock on and keep up the great work every single one of you. See you tomorrow You guys were watching But the Baldy brothers. No the head brothers. No I Channel spotlights. No freedom spotlights freedom channel spotlights. You know, I just Why don't you tell us what we should name the channel? Yeah What we call the shot over and out Let's discover freedom click the first video to learn what is freedom and how it helps you grow Click the second video to learn about sponsorships for all freedom partners Even if you have just 10 subscribers and click the other videos like how do I leave freedom to learn more? Click get more views to learn how to build your audience faster on YouTube Click get more CPM to learn how to make more money from your channel and click get more music to learn where to get More music to spice up your videos Click the first playlist to watch the George show on freedom That's my show or watch the Anthony show or the Alex show also on freedom