Everybody forced here rip in 2023 origins football hobby 16 box full case number one random divisions Check the random results at late in sports cards comm anytime. We're gonna go ahead and get started now Yeah, maybe the NFC West get a Like it's really nice low-numbered Stetson Bennett Smith and Jigba Charbonnet solid Cardinals have some guys Yeah, it's it can be good. Yeah, not the biggest chases. I think Smith and Jigba can be amazing You can be really good. We'll see she's got to get the right card. I guess 16-box case here we go All right to 75 is a Buddha Baker for the Cardinals NFC West and to 125 is Aaron Jones for the NFC North Got a base of Thelon and a rookie of Anthony Richardson for the AFC South Rookie patch card to 199 Quentin Johnston AFC West NFC West rookie auto Clayton Tune on the on-card auto and AFC South rookie jersey auto of Tank Bigsby See a one-on-one in this case We did have one we had a couple today actually a couple rookies as well Rookie NFC East Jalen Hyatt to 75 Yeah, Greg. You did actually now.  I Got about six horses in the back Horses in the back God Rookie to 99 Luke schoonmaker for the NFC East Myles Sanders rookie Jake Hainer for the NFC South who a lane channel two is watching and saying lol lol It's gonna be it's gonna be Lane or Dylan Anthony Richardson rookie patch number to 199 AFC South Whoa, not a redneck he's a rancher I Roshan Johnson rookie auto for the NFC North That's J. This is the first time he's ever worn a cowboy hat. I think actually now Roshan Johnson and FC North auto and AFC South. They will Anderson rookie patch auto to 75 nice card AFC South Greg coming in hot as always as always Wouldn't expect anything less The way It's good show It's a great show AFC East waddle to 75 Man, they're just going on and on you thought you were gonna get out of here without getting you know, listen low key roasted Hey, hey at a 25 rookie Josh Downs AFC South. That's funny though. It's funny.  Anyway, they're just roasting the roasting J Talk about talk about yellow stone Got bonanza got all the stuff calf free. There's rookie brace young for the NFC South Greg I'm a fistful of dollars. I'm Clint Eastwood Rookie patch to 75 for the NFC West Jackson Smith and Jigba You go NFC West on the Smith and Jigba patch. Listen. I'm the great value cowboy rookie auto AFC West Aiden O'Connell AFC West and AFC West going back-to-back at RPA of Rishi rice Full respect. I'm the I'm the great value Full respect on the name It's pretty funny. Hey, you went all out. We got the jeans. You got the shirt. Yeah, let's go into the honky-tonk layer Cowboys, oh geez That place boy that place that I don't I'll never go there Anyway, it's 25. You got Gino NFC West. Oh Come on Greg Jesus to clean it up man to 149 Levante David NFC South Got La Porta. Oh, we got the Primordial SP Intelligence by the edge there La Porta NFC North rookie and It is a CJ Strauch. Wow Primordial rookie SP Big congrats to Bradley P and the AFC South That is sick. That was pretty cool. Actually. I like that CJ Strauch Primordial SP Pretty card Corners has all that one. I still look pretty good. You would notice it too. This card is very dark. That's sick, dude That's going to mag That's awesome, man Dorian Thompson Robinson rookie jersey to 199 for the AFC North Chase Brown rookie autograph on card AFC North. Oh Greg you have AFC North actually AFC North and then redemption is the Von A Chan rookie jumbo patch auto orange for the AFC East That'd be a nice color match with the dolphins there. All right poir to 149 for the AFC East Rookie to 125 Stetson Ben at the fourth for the NFC West Well to be fair Greg'll roast me if I'm just dressed normally so fair you may as well Where your cowboy hat?  You know what happens. I understand I'm fine with that Devon a Chan AFC East Even people are like like actually mean to me like I'm just like all right Guy Ricky Jersey auto Kendra Miller for the NFC South. I'm okay. You talk you talk about The co-workers, I'm not okay with that. Give me me to them. No way Me yeah, sure You're probably saying the things that I'm thinking To 99 miles Sanders for the NFC South It's a 75 Rookie AFC South Josh Downs Getting all identification on my phone. We got Poyer got Tyree Wilson rookie for the AFC West NFC North Jordan Addison Rookie Jersey to 199 all the jumbo Next up NFC East rookie auto Jalen Carter. That's a go one there His values pretty good for rookie defensive lineman is pretty good man Cedric Tillman rookie Jersey auto AFC North Let's keep doing better here The nice stroud nice a chance some other nice cards, too There's the two mags you've gotten so far. I'm actually gonna put a card There's Jefferson to 125 NFC North followed by AFC South the 149 John Meachie the third Chaco rookie Kincaid for the AFC East Dan Hampton Jersey card goes NFC North That one's a 99 AFC West rookie auto traits Hucker and redemption for the AFC West Michael Mayer rookie jumbo Jersey auto goes Raiders AFC West Nice low number here to 25 NFC North. You got Jordan Love Yeah, we've seen a couple of them Jase Jordan love the 25 NFC North to 149 Curtis Samuel NFC East Adam's base and a rookie Michael Wilson for the NFC West AFC West jumbo patch to 49 Rishi Rice go AFC West Kendra Miller rookie auto out of 99 NFC South Kendra Miller I Think he has the on-cards live in this though Jase. I think he does Tyler Scott rickajer is the auto for the NFC North. All right. We are halfway through now. We have eight more boxes Had an SP. Maybe there'll be a book. I think it's about a book per case, but I don't know if that's a hundred percent It's not like a guarantee or anything, but that's usually what it's like On average, yeah, sometimes you get to sometimes you get nonsense get one to 99 to a AFC East to 75 McLauren NFC East It's that here get your spots for tonight guys. The first break this evening is a Chronicles random teams that has spots left. Oh, that's one to go. Let me get you one that has a few more to go Good chronicles was pretty stacked earlier, man. You guys don't want to get some spots and chronicles tonight Sauce base Taijay Spears rookie for the Titans First of all, that's my other hat John of the Mingo rookie patch to 99 for the Panthers NFC South Yeah, Greg is reaching now He does have a hat that's more flat brand and a little more Indiana Jones a little more and it's brown Ain't no Connell rookie auto for the AFC West again And a Jaden Reed rookie Jersey Auto for the NFC North This card NFC North out of 75 for the Patriots AFCE students Schuster AC East there number to 99 rookie for the AFC North Chase Brown Chase Brown to Jamar Chase It's happened a lot today. It's weird. Yep, and rookie Jalen Carter NFC East Kendrick Miller rookie patch from Mount Enterprise, Texas NFC South to 75 God no No, no Tray Tucker rookie auto AFC West and Redemption here is Michael Mayer rookie jumbo Jersey Auto AFC West Okay, Bo said a 75 NFC West and rookie to 149 NFC North Hendon Hooker. There's a lot of Michael Mayer going on in this case Jared Goff and rookie Roshan Johnson NFC North NFC West rookie patch to 49 is Michael Wilson Simi Valley, California It's like wine country up there. Simi Valley NFC West right there Sam Laporta rookie auto on card the 99 NFC North awesome hit for the Laporta here and Roshan Johnson, Ricky Jersey auto for the NFC North Book time book time reading rainbow Ricky to 125 Laporta for the NFC North AFC South of Damien Pierce at 99 It's almost LeVar Burton would come back for that go got Josh Downs rookie for the AFC South Musgrave rookie NFC North NFC West rookie Jersey card jumbo Jersey to 199 Stetson Bennett AFC East rookie auto again to 25 Devon a Chan. You serious dude. What was the other one number two? 19 yeah 19 and this one 17 Congrats AFC East Not the wrong card This is gonna be rookie auto silver ink to 49 Tyler Scott for the NFC North and then booklet St. Seahawks Zach Charbonne and Kenjay Miller dual RPA book Dude it's so funny everybody like happy one come to chat today have said something. It's awesome, so It's a 49 you got NFC West and NFC South on this random at the end NFC South NFC West random at the end all right AFC South rookie to 50 Josh Downs AFC West Garoppolo to 99 Judy and a Bryce young NFC South rookie AFC South rookie patch card to 199 is Will Anderson the fourth doesn't patch You're also gonna get an auto of Will Anderson. I keep saying the fourth. I don't know why I'm saying We'll answer this junior junior. I don't know why I keep saying the fourth backslash and fourth the fifth You're giving them more kids You go AFC South there and redemption Zach Charbonne rookie jumbo jersey auto for the NFC West Zach Charbonne Last three boxes Yeah, we saw one of those books earlier too. Yep. All right rookie don't have you on wicks to 149 NFC North Godwin to 125 NFC South fire the cannons Cooper cup rookie Bryce young again NFC South CJ shroud rookie jumbo patch card The future fabrics for the AFC South Congrats AFC South look at that thing Bradley P NFC West rookie auto gold ink to 25 Zach Charbonne Looking card here for 25 in the gold ink. It's one Anthony Andorian Thompson Robinson rookie jersey auto for the AFC North for Greg last couple boxes Be sure to like to stream everybody Sam and Sean are live less than an hour Will lavish rookie to 75 nice card AFC South Green to 10 Cooper cup NFC West Green cup Pits Bay's rookie AFC South tank Bigsby Jersey card to 99 NFC West is Eric Dickerson got AFC North rookie auto to 99 Cedric Tillman It's like a variation auto of some sort Tillman rookie auto AFC North and A tank Dell AFC South rookie jumbo jersey auto redemption Last daytime box. We're gonna open here. Okay to Sean Watson to 149 AFC North So 50 is gonna be Echler for the AFC West Got Wondale base and rookie Jalen Hyatt NFC East NFC South rookie Jersey to 99 B. John Robinson a Jonathan Mingo rookie autograph for the NFC South And last it goes AFC West as they trade Tucker rookie Jersey auto Give me a sec. We have a random to do and then we'll recap all the hits there Okay, so again, we've got NFC West NFC South Random here Charbonnet and Miller dual patch auto book to 49 Good luck on that one. We'll recap right after we'll go six times here five and one six times Whoever's up top gets the booklet one two three four Five and six NFC West gets the booklet you go NFC West So that'll be the first card in the recap was that book with so you guys saw that one Moving on now to relics Will Anderson junior not the fourth junior a second. We'll call the second That's Bennett Jordan Addison Dorian Thompson Robinson Anthony Richardson Quentin Johnston Jonathan Mingo Eric Dickerson a B John Robinson If only he knew how close I was No, no I for not many of us take I for it's like Donnie and Kyle I think that's literally it Dan Hampton a John Mitchie Kendra Miller Jackson Smith and Jigba Rishi rice Michael Wilson is a redemption series at AFC South Tank Dell Zach Charbonnet Michael Mayer Devon a chant orange RPA redemption Jonathan Mingo Trey Tucker Chase Brown will Anderson junior Aiden O'Connell Trey Tucker Aiden O'Connell Jalen Carter Roshan Johnson Clayton Tune Jersey autos of Kendra Miller Jaden Reed Tyler Scott Trey Tucker Yeah, luckily it's it's legal to ride horses around in O'Popka Yeah Dorian Thompson Robinson Cedric Tillman Tank Bigsby Got Roshan Johnson Rashi rice Sam Laporta Cedric Tillman Kendra Miller Will Anderson Tyler Scott Silverink Goldink of Zach Charbonnet at 25 If you like origins, I would Brandon a bit riskier in random teams. It's a low card count product But the upside can be pretty high as they're about to see To a chance to 25 the 19 and the 17 at 25 Incredible hits there rookie patch to 49 is CJ Stroud for the AFC South and Then Primordial SP CJ Stroud AFC South And that is gonna do it. Thank you very much everybody for filling that up


Good morning, everybody I'm next in line to get in a tarp shed This has been a crazy wait today Longer than I've ever had to wait to get in tarp shed, but I mean I had stuff to do so I've been getting other stuff done in the back here on the computer and stuff while I wait I've been waiting for over an hour now. There was one two three four five trucks in front of me plus two in there I'm six seven and now there's a long line up behind me. I think there's another five or six behind me yet that are Waiting to get in here as well too, so it's a busy day But I am next so as soon as I'm in there.  It's just moving a little bit too slow. I've had some stuff I can get done in the meantime though. So I've got caught up on other things.  It'll be a night ride tonight I guess again Winter can't wait till summer when the Sun stays up all day and night. It's always so much more fun We'll get out there soon though. Don't worry. We'll be trucking soon. Well, the Sun has gone down already finally getting out of here So inside there. I just tacked it down and then I bungee'd the rest down outside here like we're supposed to do From the time I rolled into the tarp shed This time I'm finished talking to you guys right here 45 minutes Checked the last guy over two and a half hours Same load and I was only inside there for 30 minutes I the rest of it has been the last 15 minutes for out here quickly bungeing it down. Actually, no, that's not right all the way around 15 minutes in there putting the tarps on 30 minutes out here. So how the way around? not the best mood from that but What can you do? It's trucking right? Let's just take longer, but now I wasn't even hustling 45 minutes You know hour hour and a half maybe for a new guy doesn't know quite know what he's doing But over two and a half almost two and three-quarter hours I'm sorry. I'm sorry. What do you have lunch while you were in there? Trucker charge we're not gonna be in a bad mood Not gonna let that guy put us in a bad mood. How many hours do we have left now? Am I running out of hours? Should be able to get down to Brainerd still barely The whole time I'm waiting like my my e-log is clicking away, right? So anyways, you guys get it Frustrating but His life life is frustrating sometimes that's what they say I don't know who they are, but they have a lot of opinions Be able to get going as early tomorrow either and sort of pushes back the rest of my week So hopefully we'll be able to get back on our feet tomorrow. I have a better day It's not that this is a bad day. It's just slippery down this hill. It takes me over to international Falls, Minnesota Remember this this direction on the same bridge. There's no toll Noticing that I'm going south here, but I'm not coming back here for the new people Just what I'm empty. I still got a double check to see if rainy rivers are commercial crossing. I Want to say probably not, but I still haven't double-checked that. I know you can cross through when you're empty Bridge to USA this a way Let's go visit our good friends again. I wonder if they missed me. I missed them. This is our Canadian Customs here off-door left if you go in the other direction this bridge is just under forever Forever construction probably why they raised the toll because they want to get it done faster Sorry, you're gonna have to get someone else to help you with that how we can finally officially Together and the US go full board right into Christmas Even officially entered the best time of the year some big trees let up there in there It's a nice day today Morning time We made it down here. I'm pretty late. We've got as far as we could So much time was wasted Waiting to get tarped here, but here's the load That's okay. You know, that's uh That's the life of a trucker right you try to make plans and then that's the plans plan you Here we are we're gonna get this done we'll get this off the trailer and Then we'll focus on our next load, which I don't know what it is yet, but I'm sure it'll be good And I'm sure it'll be better Today will be a good day you can tell it'll be a good day because The snow is melting. It's nice and warm Okay Just make sure that the trailer is There we go. It's coming with us the brakes work Lights are on and they release Trailer wheels are turning on the passenger side and on the driver's side Let's drive straight into that Sun for a minute. Hey, that sounds fun Oh, we sort of got a button hook it a little bit here so we can see Traffic coming from our right. Oh And I'm way too nice again. I don't want to cut off this guy pulling this fifth wheel. I Could have gone though could have made it Definitely could have made it. Yeah, now there's other traffic coming, huh? Nice fifth wheel though. Okay, so after this pickup truck Coming from there And after this pickup truck coming from here, okay, there goes that one And there goes that one. Let's go there last night.  I had it clean That's how fast the truck gets dirty one day Well, you got to pick and choose your days when you wash it and it is impossible to have a nice clean clean truck Up here in this climate, especially this time of year. I have the hub covers for this already. I just have to put them on I'm waiting till I wash the truck next But I might wash it tonight. We'll see. I have a load that I'm picking up in Fargo after this It does get dirty quick Especially this season when everything's all so messy these tires are doing good They now have 72,000 kilometers on them, but 40 some thousand miles You know, right? These are wearing down a lot faster than these Wearing pretty even though I'm pretty happy with it and these new firestone steers I've been happy with too. They only have a few thousand kilometers on them now a few thousand miles, but so far. I mean They're round so they've been good And that's it for today's log everybody don't forget to tune in tomorrow hit that subscribe button down below hit the little bell So you don't miss it And I'll see you then stay safe out there drive safe. We'll see you soon


That's what we have in payroll for for these individuals then we're breaking it out between these jobs That we paid for and this much is indirect that we couldn't apply to a particular job So we're processing this now with a journal entry just like we would with payroll meaning we're going to credit We're gonna say wages payable in a simplified journal entry. It might be a credit to cash, right? Or but wages payable will show us that it's for wages because we're processing payroll And then the debit usually we would think well, it's payroll. It's gonna go to it's gonna go to wages expense And again, we're not getting we're not getting into the withholdings and everything right now. That's a simplified Payroll journal entry and we're just gonna say well the debit would normally go to payroll expense But now we're gonna say no it's gonna go to work in process Why is it gonna go to work in process and not payroll expense when we're basically recording the payment of of employees Because the expense isn't there just because it's payroll at the time we pay them It's an expense because we used that work that work in order usually to help us generate revenue in the same time period The matching principle here. We use this labor not in order to help us generate revenue yet It helped us to make inventory which is work in process. It's part of the inventory So the labor the wages that we're paying as part of inventory We will expense it when we're gonna expense it when we sell the inventory in the form of cost of goods sold Then the other side, this is gonna be the labor that wasn't Applied to a job meaning like supervisor salaries or possibly Maintenance in the in the warehouse. We couldn't apply it to a job So it just is gonna go to indirect so it's gonna go we're still gonna go wages payable because we're gonna pay these people and And so it's gonna eventually go to cash that you can think of that as cash We're gonna pay them as well It's gonna go out of payable and then in the cash eventually and then the debit's gonna go to factory overhead So it's gonna go to factory overhead again It's not gonna go to wages expense because we haven't used it It's gonna go to inventory eventually and we're gonna have to apply it out from factory overhead to inventory in some way So if we look posting the journal entry to the general ledger, we've got the work in process here So we've got the work in process was at two thousand two hundred and thirty It's gonna go up by the four thousand two hundred two six thousand four hundred and thirty that then is what we have here six thousand four hundred and thirty wages payable.  So wages payable is just gonna be an intermediary if this was a very simplified transaction I would just be a debit to the work in process credit To cash and that would be similar to us again. Just processing the payroll. We're not dealing with anything else like the withholdings or anything We're just looking at a very basic kind of payroll journal entry The main thing to note, however, of course is that the expense here is not going to an expense It's going to that inventory account We also note that book problems will often use a payable account when working of these types of systems because what they're trying to do Is show us just with the journal entry without having to have a note in the journal entry That what this is related to and if we just debit work in process and credit Cash then just by looking at the journal entry. We wouldn't really know what's happening So we use the payable now payable is fairly often used but we might see it in some other areas where it's less You know you something like utilities We might see a utilities payable or something like that because that helps us to know that the part that's going into work in process is related to utilities in that case and Usually we wouldn't have a utilities payable because we would just pay the utilities. It would be a credit to cash We might do it with a note. So just be aware of that. So we're just processing the payroll here Wages payable then we have the factory overhead 1,200 200 was that 550 we're going to debit it 1200 to 4,750 that's the amount in factory overhead and then we've got the wages payable again Which was that 4,200 we're going to credit the 1,200 to 5,400 So now we have wages payable, which we will pay soon when we do so We will debit this making it go down to zero and credit cash


For this what's neat this week? I thought I would try to simulate snow on an HO scale scene So I'll still film the scene outside on a gray day when there's no snow falling and then I'll drop the snow in with the computer So let's see how that turns out. I'll show you Okay, so computers simulated snow can look pretty convincing on a model Time and time again, Joe's asked me Ken. What are you working on? Can you can you do something on what some of the projects are that you've got going on besides? Catalog work and doing what's neat this week features every month Well, I had a Skype interview with him just the other day and he asked me just that question So with that I'll let you watch that interview I'm working on a bunch of things where I could cover I just had my hundred and tenth cover with a Bachman Williams. It's a O scale three rail cover I've got some a little video of that. I can show you that cover I'm working on an Amtrak consist using some of the Walther's E8 that they came out with with the pointless arrows on them doing a 1973 74 consist I've got some still pictures of that. I don't have any video that I could put into something Videos or something. What's that? Yeah, we've been getting a lot of snow here So I go out in a garden railroad and plow snow every once in a while I spent a few hours doing that so I might have some good video footage of that to add to a what's neat this week video These are Broadway limited L1 locomotives. That's something else that I've got this pretty neat I picked up a few of those too long tender too short tender deco pods from Broadway limited and the sound systems Neat and the smoke is impressive. I made a little test video of them smoking So that's something else I could put in a video for you You know Bluford has come out with this n scale caboose if you can see this it's it looks like something you could wear around your neck It's so finite in detail. I took some still pictures of that and I did a video run by with that There's this bus also that bill got she from classic metal works has come out with It's worth noting. This is a pretty neat model I think it'd be really neat to put some motors in this get it powered steering and have this thing run in somewhere Remote control. So is that a joke? Yeah, this is an HSL model. You know, I'm working on videos Joe I'm making my own videos. They're available at Ken Patterson comm. It's a website where I'm selling Download videos on how to make cornfields. I've also got a DVD for sale on weathering the Bachman EM1 steam locomotive It's really a DVD on how to model whether any steam locomotive in six easy steps very comprehensive some really beautiful run-bys This is this is the best. This is the high quality that I'm trying to make the videos come out to be I think we'd love to see a little bit more about that can that sounds very interesting So yeah with those eight things I think maybe possibly I could put together a video montage and do a few still photos and have something to talk about that I've been working on for the last nine months or so in between that and doing all these videos for you I'm doing a video and what's neat this week column every month. It's keeping me pretty busy I'm meeting a lot of neat people and you know, it's just great. It's fun doing Well, great. Yeah, I think our readers really enjoy seeing the things that you're bringing out and what's neat this week column You know seeing the other modelers seeing some of the sort of what I'd like to think of as the reporter at large Sort of stories that you're doing. I think it's great. Okay Well, you know, I uh, I enjoyed doing it. Did I mention this inner mountain locomotive? Set up a set of these I got some in UP and BNSF that I purchased recently. These things are sweet They've got nice sound in them. I did some videography of these things running real prototype looking outdoor videography with those locomotives I'll stick that in a what's neat this week thing too All right, Joe, well, thanks, I'll put it together and make something nice for you Okay So I'll do a what's neat this week on some of the projects that I've been working on One thing I've been trying really hard in the last four months is to take my still model railroad photography and bring it to life And video so all the pictures that you're used to seeing from track side now can come alive and actually move So for this what's neat this week feature I want to exhibit the models that I've been able to work with and enjoy on video as if you're watching them go By track side You


Between today and the end of the century almost as many children will be born in Africa as in the other six continents combined. It'll be the youngest and biggest continent in the history of the world and they will need leaders and I think we're just about to give our award to one of them. Ladies and gentlemen it's my real honor to give the campaign award this year to A.R. Shabby. Thank you to the Bill Melinda Gates Foundation for this award. I'd like to dedicate this award to African youth who are the everyday campaigners on the front line and yet their work and the risk they take go often and recognized. I started my activism in my country Tunisia and my continent Africa because I refuse that my gender and age define me as subject not driver of development. I joined international diplomacy because I refuse that others speak for us as if we don't have a voice, think for us as if we don't have brains, we don't have experiences, we don't have history and even dare to decide for us as if we do not have will. I think for me the most important aspect of my work is identity and is speaking up for what's right because we're not subjects or objects. We know exactly what we want as African youth. I campaigned and build movements that unite, mobilize young people around nonviolent activism, around Pan-Africanism, leadership, especially the most vulnerable because we live in a world where the most vulnerable is disfranchised and humiliated based on religion, ethnicity and nationality. We live in a world where politicians fuels xenophobia and violence and violate national and international laws stripping people of their dignity, of their autonomy, of their freedom of speech, of movement of assembly and even censor the only space we have to breathe the internet. We live in a world also that it has become acceptable to trade human rights for sanitary projects. The reality we live in is dangerous because our global leaders overlook it, perpetrate it and even remain silent in front of injustice. But you know what? A wise man told me the power of the people will always remain more powerful than people in power and that's where change will come from whether they like it or not. Appraisings, peaceful revolutions, youth movements in Tunisia and Senegal and Burkina Faso in Kenya and Nigeria and Algeria and Sudan all across the world have decided and when young people promise young people deliver. The word we want is borderless and the future we want is about dignity and freedom and our generation will continue to be radical, disruptive and challenge the status quo because the current system does not work for us and we will change it. We are already changing it. Thank you so much.


Hey, good morning. Welcome. Welcome. I've started the recording, Dave. We'll get started and let people join as they come. Let's start with the word of prayer. Father, we come before you. Lord, we thank you that your mercy is anew every morning. And we thank you for your faithfulness that sustains us, that sees us beyond us since you don't keep a record of us since, Father. Thank you, Lord. I pray that we would live a life that is worthy of our calling. In Jesus' name, I pray. Amen. All right. Go ahead and share my screen. Dave, I hope I'm audible. They just give me a second. Something's wrong. Yes, we can hear you. I can hear you. Okay. Sorry. I'm unable to share my screen. It's giving me an error. For some reason, I don't know what the issue is, but if you don't mind, I'm going to continue without sharing my screen. And I'm going to request you to follow along in your PDF, where we stopped yesterday in page 31 of your PDF, page 31 of chapter 6. Okay. So, yeah, we ended with this last note. We kind of looked at the culture that is being set and some of the trends that are being followed by our young people and the importance of them. And on the last note, we saw that by 2030, millennials, that's generation Y and generation Z, now will represent 75% of the global workforce. The question we ended with was, will they represent 75% of your church? That's some, that's a food for thought with that. And so now moving into the second section is, now that we have some sort of an insight and understanding of the culture that is being set by the youth and for them, how can we tailor a youth ministry that has maximum impact? So, it is, yes, is one force is one generation passes away and another generation comes, but the earth abides forever. One generation passes away and another generation comes. So, before this generation passes away, can we do something that we can, and how we can impact their lives? So, that's the premise. So, impacting millennials, impacting generation Y and Z. How do we do that? Remember, we are talking about tailoring a youth ministry that has maximum impact. So, the use of technology and social media is one thing. So, when we run a survey which was done between generations Y and Z, in particular, one of the things that they mentioned that defined or shaped their generation is technology. It's something that they can't live without. They need to have it and if you take away their mobile phones or the internet, the net in itself, they feel like they are paralyzed. It's like, they don't know what to do. And so, that's the situation. That's the connect that this generation has with the technology. So, it's not just the number of devices or how frequently they interact with digital technologies. One of the studies say that on an average, a young person checks their phone every six minutes. On an average, a young person checks their phone every six minutes. And it's become a habit. And there's another study done when it comes to habits with those who smoke cigarettes or whatever, who generally smoke. So, it's more than what they inhale. The thing that is hard to stop for them is the habit of bringing their hands to their mouth. It's that motion, that habit that's more hard to break than the actual smoking in itself. That's the study that was done. And so, it's almost similar, isn't it, when you think about that report that says, okay, a young person has to check or look at their phone every six minutes. It's become that habit. And so, that's how connected this generation is with technology. That's just one example of it. So, they are so connected yet disconnected. Their heads are always buried to their phones or their iPads, kids playing games or iPads and whatnot. So, they understand this generation and the younger generation understands technology far more than the generation that was before, say for example, generation Y or the generation prior. Because they did not have such exposure, but the exposure of technology is great in this day and age. So, moving on to page 32 in your PDF, for those who just joined, I apologize, I'm unable to share my screen, but let me see if I can do that now. Because it was giving me some sort of an error. It's still giving me an error. I'm not able to share. I'm sorry, guys. I don't know what the problem is. Okay. There was a, yeah, okay. There's this quote from Benjamin Wendell. He says, who you are online is perceived as who you are offline. Who you are online is perceived as who you are offline. What does that mean? What you show yourself as on the social media platform is what people think you are. If you're going to show yourself as always happy and always happening and cool and what not, and people are going to think, okay, that is who you are, even offline. I like that you are always cool, always happy. You don't have any sad days, bad days. Your life is flying high like a leaguer in the sky. So, that's the message of that quote there. Who you are online is perceived as who you are offline. The two are synonymous, similar, same, and they are not separate. So, your online life is perceived as same as your offline life. I remember the days where, gosh, it sounds like so long ago, but just 10 years ago, social media was defined by Facebook initially, but prior to that, there was another medium called Orkut. It was just a way of engaging, connecting, isn't it? And then it became this marketing playground and whatnot. But the fact is, technology is the new Sunday. Technology is the new Sunday. Why we say that? Because at the time when I was preparing this document, we were going through the pandemic. Pandemic had just hit COVID-19 in April of 2020. And if not all the churches, most of the churches, most of the churches, that's when they realized, like, okay, oops, no, what do we do? Every, all these churches that did not know anything about Zoom, found out about Zoom, and so many other churches who did not know about live streaming found it a necessity to start live streaming, to be connected with their congregation. Right? And so, and for what, two years now, technology has been the new Sunday. It's just an EDM. But you get what I'm saying. Technology only moves forward. It's here to stay, embrace new technology. It's very important that we begin to understand the importance of tech, the power of tech. And it's important that churches have tech savvy people who understand technology, connectivity, you know, and whatnot. So it offers amazing opportunities, communicate with people in new ways, such as phone, email, SMS, create community in new ways, disciple and pastor people in new ways to reach people where they are, create new educational pathways online to help people grow in biblical knowledge. So I mean, the growth has been incredible in the last two years of number of pastors and ministries that have started their own Facebook page or Instagram pages and, you know, started reaching out to people because they've realized that's where people are. So it's not just a means of communication, right? It's, but they've soon realized that's where people are, right? So most often in the Bible, in the Gospel, you'll see, Gospels, you'll see that Jesus went to where people were, right? And we, at this in our day and age, we must realize that people are online. That's where they are. And that's where we need to go and get and reach out to them. Okay. So the first point there is impacting millennials through technology, find out, come up with different strategies, ideas and whatnot on how you can reach out to the youth online. Okay. And the second is relational leadership. Okay. By the way, what we are discussing is how do we tailor a youth ministry that will impact the young people? Okay. After studying yesterday and the previous session about their cultural backgrounds and the way they think, et cetera, et cetera, and how there are five different generations in our society that's wanting to be heard. So now that we've understood everything that goes into that, you know, everything that our young people are going through, now what does the church do? Okay. So everything that we're learning today is a response to what we learned yesterday. Okay. So relational leadership. I cannot stress enough on this point. Okay. So relational leadership. Okay. We are in page 32 of the PDF. For this generation of young people, leadership is not about power. Okay. Look at those words there for this generation of young people. That means the generations before that, for them, leadership was about power. It was about authority. But this generation doesn't connect the same way. Remember, they change, right? So once again, millennials are fundamentally changing the way they understand leadership. They follow relationship and not authority. Okay. They follow relationship and not authority. Okay. Authoritarian leadership style is no longer, is no longer ineffective. Some say it is even fatal to a culture. But so this is an incredible book by John Maxwell called The Five Levels of Leadership. If you have an interest in the topic, in the field of leadership, John Maxwell has a lot of books on the topic of leadership and I would encourage and recommend for you to read some of those. Okay. He's written a lot of materials on the topic of leadership. Okay. So one of the books he talks about is the five levels of leadership. Okay. And that's what we're going to look at. So what John Maxwell says is position authority to the lowest level of leadership. Sometimes in our theology of being the senior pastor, leader or elder, our style gets stuck in this mode. We get confused or misunderstand the difference between relational leadership and authoritarian leadership. But if you come down to page 33, you'll see an image. Okay. That is kind of important for us to follow. Are you all there in your page? Page 33 is give me a thumbs up. I'm sorry. Yes. If you can see that image in page 33 in your notes. Okay. All right. Okay. All right. Thanks, Dave. Okay. So you see that there are five levels of leadership. So we'll start at the very bottom. Okay. This is five levels of relational leadership. Your first thing is about position. Okay. He talks about rights. People follow you because they have to. Okay. This is the authoritarian leadership position based leadership is okay.  There's no other go. There's no other option. That's the first level. And we go to the next level. Then you see there's a permission based leadership, which is based a little bit on relationships. People follow you because they want to. You see the dynamic is shifting now. Okay. There are people follow you because they want to follow you. The difference between the first and the second is drastic and then it keeps increasing the production. That is talking about results now. You know, people follow because of what you have done for the organization. Okay. People follow what you have done for the organization. Okay. Can you think of a person that's done something incredible for an organization or a company? Anyone that you can think of, name of any leader? What about Steve Jobs? We all know Steve Jobs, the founder of Apple, and he's so famous worldwide, isn't it? And a lot of them in his organization would want to follow him because one, they are inspired by seeing what he has done for the organization. Right. So for how far he's grown at his brand, you know, the company is Apple. Because of what he has done, people will want to follow. Right. So that is the production based leadership. Okay. And then you go on to the next level. The fourth level is the people development. Now, the third step is we see that what the person has done for the organization, but in the fourth level, we see they will follow you because of what you have done for them. It's gotten very personal now, isn't it? So if you look at the level one, they follow you because they have to, they don't have a choice. Even if they don't like you, they will do it. It's not great. Work will get done. Yeah. But then there's no joy or there's no like, you know, that inspiration or motivation to follow you. It's like, oh, man, I will, I want to follow Dave because he's amazing. It's like, you know, I follow Dave because, yeah, you know, he's my boss types, you know, from that all the way to level four now, people will follow you because of what you have done for them. Right. So in our context as church leaders or youth leaders, what some of the one example that I can think of is that shows that reflects this point or what we have done for them is I'm reminded of the parable of the shepherd, right? The lost sheep, how the shepherd goes leaves the 99 and goes after the one. And that one will always remember what you have done for that, for them. Right. And so that builds relationship. Okay, we are getting into the zone, this bubble of relational leadership is, are you willing to go after the one? Okay, so that builds the relation to leadership and doesn't end there. And the last, the final, the pinnacle is the respect level in your leadership. People follow because of who you are and what you represent. Okay, now it's gone from, it's, it changes everything, isn't it, in this level? It's the pinnacle. It's no longer about what you do for the organization. It's no longer about what you do even for the individual. It's now, it all comes down to it says, it's the level of respect because people will follow because of who you are and what you represent. What are the two things that defines who we are and what we represent? One in the character, in our character. This is a beautiful old saying that says your anointing will take you up, but it is your character that will keep you up there. Right. And God will elevate or promote you. But if your character is bad, you're going to have to fall, isn't it? And that's, I'm reminded of King Saul, where God anoints him, he chooses him, he elevates him, promotes him to a level from a tribe of nobody to a king of a nation. But then what was his downfall, his character, right? And what he believed and what he stood for. And then your values, everything that goes into what you believe in, what you represent. Do you represent integrity? Do you represent purity? Do you represent honesty? Do you represent faithfulness? Do you represent generosity? Do you represent mercy? Do you represent forgiving? All of that. And people will see is like, okay, you know, his character is amazing. Okay, you need not necessarily be the best orator, the best person who knows English very well or speaking, being able to speak very well. Or you might not even preach very good sermons, et cetera, et cetera. You might not be a very good teacher or whatnot. But people will see your character is true.  So that's the five levels of leadership. And all it connects to is a relational leadership, and which is so crucial in our journey as youth leaders, right? You guys with me? Okay, I hope you are. One of the book recommendations that I would have, I would do at the moment is this is a book called Turn the Ship Around, Turn the Ship Around by L. David Marquet. Okay, L. David Marquet. He was, he's a retired captain from the US Navy. He talks about relational leadership in a very different view in his book called Turn the Ship Around. When he took over that ship, that particular ship in the Navy as the captain, that ship amongst the fleet of ships was known as the worst ship that had the team and the crew, everything. They had a very, very bad, it had the lowest reputation among the fleet in the fleet of Navy. And it is, and this, and the book is all about how this captain, he turns the ship around as a figure of speech, saying how he changed the culture and how he impacted, motivated and inspired everyone, you know, in that ship from being the worst to being the best in the Navy. And we're talking about US Navy, right? It's pretty big. So that book is amazing. If you want to learn again, grow more in this thing of leadership, I would encourage you to do that. So there's a quote from the book. He says, leadership should mean giving control rather than taking control and creating leaders rather than forging followers. So powerful words there, isn't it? Leadership should mean giving control. It goes against everything that we know of leadership, right? Authoritarian leadership and positional leadership is all about I am in control. I am in control. It's me, and I tell you what to do, isn't it? I need to have control over my team, the people that I'm leading. But here he's saying leadership should mean giving control. You give control to the people. You let them make decisions, right? You let them make the hard decisions or whatever it is that builds the team, their character, and then rather than taking control and creating leaders rather than forging followers. Okay? So this is an incredible book. I can't recommend that book enough for you to read. So when you can, and if you, I'm not sure if I have it, I should have it. If you want to let me know, I'll send a PDF of it to you. Lead from authority but not with authority, okay? So the next point is lead from authority but not with authority. The saying people don't care how much you know until they know how much you care is truer today than it ever has been before. So leading millennials is more about being the guide on the side, not a sage on a stage. Okay? Leading this generation of youth, of young people, is more about being their guide or their friend.  If you do this, then you are that, etc. But no, you're their friend, you guide them, you share with them, you have that conversation with them, you build that rapport, that relationship, right? It's about sitting next to rather than in front of. Okay? And that's what friends do, isn't it?  That is what this generation is actually expecting. It was not the same with us, with me at least. I don't know about you guys, but it was a very different culture when I was the youth, when I was a youth. Okay? So moving into the next section, page 34, it's another we've understood relational leadership. The next thing is how do we design or plan our programs and our events? Sorry, guys, my notes went to a different page altogether. Okay. So page 34, we're revisiting the point that we mentioned in the last chapter about how this generation of young people are time poor. That means they have a lot going on in their life. So if they want to come to your program or your event, they need to see value, right? They need to see value. Only then will they come. Otherwise, 24 hours a day is not enough for them. So what do millennials get from attending a youth service that they can't get online? It's one of the questions that we need to address. Okay? What do millennials get from attending your youth service that they can't get online? Is your youth service or youth meetings is it so normal that they can get the same thing what you're giving them even online? Right? So that's the question we've got to kind of start with. We need to regularly review what's working, what's not working and what needs changing. We need to ask these hard questions, guys.  You know, you need to get reviews and feedbacks, you know, asking this question, what is working? You know, and then you make a list. You have this team meetings and whatnot. Okay, what is working? Okay, you know, this time of worship is working. This time of games is working. You know, this is not working. You know, the snack time at the beginning is not working. I think we need to have snack time at the end of our event, of our program, etc. Small things, details like that, you know, and what is not working, what needs changing. Can we do something differently? So one of the things that we do at APC after all our youth meetings is we have this small review process, okay, post event review. Some of the questions that we ask is, okay, you'll look at it in your notes. There's no fancy words, nothing. You come together as a team after the event or a one day after the event. It's very important that you do it immediately when your memory is fresh of everything that happened in the event. Okay, so you ask this question, okay, good. What are the questions? What went well? What were the positives? The wins? What made this a success? Who did great? You know, what did we do this time that made things better, etc., and then bad? What went wrong? What didn't work? Why were we not on time? Why didn't we start on time? And you address that. Did we forget anything? Was our goal, was our mission? Was it confusing to the audience who came? So these are the simple questions that we will address after all our pitch stops at combined youth meetings. And this kind of helps us plan better for the next meeting. Okay, I hope you are with me. So once again, just to recap, we are talking about everything, how we can tailor effective youth ministry to impact our youths. Okay, so far, are you guys with me? Any questions? Anything that you want to share? Do you have your youth weekly, Pastor? So the way it works at APC, it's a unique situation here because we have five locations in Bangalore. We have the North, South, East, West, and Central. So now that after the pandemic, we are restarting in-person meetings, I have to, I would like to be in all the locations week after week. So because of that, now because of that, you know, one Sunday, I have to be at North, the next Sunday, I have to be at South, because of which we have this monthly meetings only once a month. So now the plan, what we're trying to do is have simultaneous youth meetings at different location happen on the same Sunday, like give responsibilities to the youth leaders of that location to host it. You know, so that way, we don't have to have, we can have more than just one once a month meetings. So that's the weekly youth meetings. But we have something called Pitch Talk, right? Pitch Talk is something where a combined youth, it's a combined youth meeting where youths from North, South, East, West, Central, they all come together in one place on a Saturday evening. That's, that happens once in two months, or depending on the availability once in three months. So yeah, that's the situation. Yeah, so after this pandemic and then this lockdown, I find it very challenging and very hard to have regular youth because of the, I don't know, I think it's very, very challenging now, since they have already been used to being online and doing both kind of services. But now calling out to have a critical service. What would you suggest? What kind of programs or some other things out of not just speaking to just be having a service, but what, what do you think it's good to do with the youth? Yeah, so yeah, I think I can only suggest what's, so once the pandemic hit, we started our weekly Zoom meetings, our youth meetings. So from the second, from the third week of March 2020, okay, going March 2020, third Friday, from then every week at Friday at nine o'clock, we had our youth meetings, you know, week after week, after week, month after month, for almost two years, we had our online youth meetings. And we didn't know how long it's going to go on, right? But now that, you know, we are exiting the pandemic, we've started our in-person meetings. Now I've just reduced the frequency of online meetings. From meeting every Friday at nine o'clock, we are doing it once a month to reduce the frequency because people are also going back to offices, you know, and we've started meeting in person. And because of the time crunch, we've reduced the frequency of it, but we've not completely stopped the online meetings. It's very important to have the hybrid kind of a meeting. You have the in-person meetings as well. And also you have the online meetings as well. So you keep both the options open, you know, and then if there are those who come online for your Zoom meetings or online meetings, you could encourage them to, you know, to join our in-person meetings as well. But just be patient because people, like you said, I, two years is not a joke, no. It a lot has happened in two years, right? People have lost their jobs. People have lost their loved ones, their family members. There's a huge, it's, the lives have changed drastically. And it's led to people becoming very comfortable, you know, with just attending services online and so if we were actually having this discussion in our past meetings as well regarding, you know, bringing back, how do we bring back people to church from attending in-person services? APCC, we've been doing live streaming for 10 years or more than 10 years, actually more than 10 years, right? We've been live streaming on YouTube for over a decade. But watching the live streaming every Sunday was really not an option. It is like, okay, if I'm traveling, if I, if I'm not well, if I really can't make it to church, then I will stay back home and watch the live streaming. But what the pandemic has done now is attending, watching the live streaming of the service is the same as attending in-person. Services, it's changed our thinking. That's how people are thinking. There's no difference. There's no need for me to go in person, spend the money, wake up early, you know, all of that. While I can watch the same service, experience the same thing at the comfort of my place, it's changed a lot of things. So I think we need to continue to encourage our people and be patient and not be too forceful, pushy, yes. You know, and that's where they need, like we just discussed right, the point of they need to see value. If you're asking them to come to this in-person youth meeting, they need to see, why do I have to go there, right? If it's the same thing with for people wanting to attend church, okay, why do I need to go to the in-person service? Why, what will I get there in the in-person service that I will not get online? And so you make these different things, you plan different, you know, fun activities or whatnot.  It's wonderful, isn't it? So like, yeah, you design certain activities, programs that will attract the youth. Thanks for that question, Dave. Does anybody else have any, any other questions? And does anybody have anything that you want to ask or share? There's very few of us, so Kiran, Aaron, anything? Is there any challenge? What you said is a true buster, last term. Can you able to, hello?  Can you hear me, Buster? Yeah, yeah. What you said is earlier, there's two ways people behave in life, the practices have completely changed. Sorry, Thomas, your voice is breaking. Hey, Thomas, sorry, your voice is breaking, we are not able to hear very clearly. Sorry, Thomas, I think something, there could be a connectivity issue. Sorry, some issues in the mic. Okay, so just to very quickly, yes, Thomas, you want to try saying, speaking, Thomas? Can you hear me, Buster? Yes. Yes, Buster. Oh, what we are discussing, what you, the last two years, that's absolutely true. Every church has this challenge to get back the people. In these two years, in the Holy Communion also, that is home, it has through the life. The gathering importance, generation for generation, the gathering importance in these two years and becomes comfort. I think we need more, sometimes we lose patience, but we need more patience and plan something to get back the people to change. That's the biggest challenge today, the ministers of God is facing. We hope some of the fastest sense ever, the church congregation hundred become like that.  Yeah, yeah, we hope for things to get better, change. So, yeah, I think we will have to be patient and just continue to seek God for his plans, his strategies, his, you know, ask for his wisdom that we need, how to impact people's lives better. Okay. So, these three points that we covered today, I want to stop here and I will continue with the rest of the course next week. But, yeah, I hope some of these points help and help you plan your services a little better. Okay. So, I'll stop the recording now. Thank you all for joining and I'll see you again next week.


The Cavalcade of America, presented by Dupont. Beginning this evening, The Cavalcade of America will bring you a series of four weekly musical half-hours featuring one of Radio's distinguished conductors, Don Voorhees and his orchestra. This evening, the Evolution of Dance Music in America. These programs, illustrating the development of interesting phases of American music, will be another chapter in the summer series of The Cavalcade of America in Music, presented by Dupont. An interesting feature of each program will be a brief story of chemical research, illustrating the Dupont phrase, better things for better living, through chemistry. America has always been a dancing nation, from the days when the old fiddle concertina played for the rollicking barn dance, to the present day with hundreds of polished dance orchestras beating out their rhythms on roof gardens high up toward the clouds. Dance music of the day gives us a smooth pattern of restful tone colors, or a brilliant flash of rhythmic design, lights and shadows, a variety of arresting effects. Photographs and radio have made their varying styles of different dance orchestras familiar to Americans from coast to coast. How did it all happen? Let us turn the calendar back to the 1880s, and look in on an old-fashioned square dance, to the tune of 30 of the stars who wrote the music, and it was four of infectious melodies. One of them seems to typify the life of that day, and the perpetual popularity of that most romantic of all dances, the Waltz. In all of New York, remember it? But even then the tempo of life was increasing. America was in a hurry to advance. The business panic of 1907 came unwed. That same year the Lusitania made its maiden voyage, and the merry widow came to America from Vienna. The Nickelodeon movie house came into vogue. Burt Williams was in the Ziegfeld Falleys, and women began to smoke. But the Waltz was still the favorite dance. Sentiment was still the leading characteristic of the song and spirit of the time. And then something happened, and it marked the beginning of dance music as we know it today. They played with gyrations, they shook, twisted, swayed. The listener's head was dizzy, but his feet understood and beat time. It was cool perhaps, but its rhythm was arresting and its spirit catching. It had vitality and sincerity. It was peculiarly American. For some time, the Dixieland Jazz Band was not well-known. But in 1912 in New York, something else happened. 23-year-old songwriter of Kent Pound Alley wrote Alexander's Ragged Band Band. Nothing like its syncopated jubilant had ever been heard before. Its new rhythm insinuated itself into the life of America with a bang. Shoulders started swaying. The lobster palace of Diamond Jim Brady fame came to an end, where every restaurant had to provide dance music with meals, and dining became insinvitable. The haunting strains of Alexander's Ragged Band Band were heard everywhere. It was a song of the hour. The dance craze was on. Alexander's Ragged Band Band started it. America literally went dance crazy. It seemed as if no one could dance enough. Dance orchestras sprung up everywhere. Many strange variations and dance steps came into fashion. Turkey trot, bunny hugs, grizzly bear, one step fishwalk, and fox trot. Two celebrities emerged from this dancing world. Irene and Vernon Cafferl, whose charm and graceful dancing made them idols of the day. Meanwhile, the Dixieland Jazz Band journeyed from New Orleans to Chicago, where the crowds went wild. From there to San Francisco, where they also created a sensation. But the Dixieland had never been to New York, and New York had never heard anything quite like it, and yet New York was supposed to set the styles. The Dixieland Jazz Band finally came east and was engaged by Rice and Webbers Cafe. Let's look in at Rice and Webbers in New York on the evening when the Dixieland Jazz Band is to be introduced to New York for the first time. There's no mistakable air of excitement and pleasant anticipation. Every table is filled, and mostly with celebrities. We hear a couple talking at one of the tables. Wait a minute, wait a minute. Yes, it's late, please. Well darling, isn't it about time for them to introduce the Dixieland Jazz Band? Yes, yes, they're coming on the stand now. I hear it's great music. Oh, I can hardly wait. Oh, I bet it's wonderful for dancing. Well, I hope so. I never thought it would turn out right. Every celebrity in town is here. Oh, look, look, the manager's going to make an announcement. Ladies and gentlemen, it is my privilege to introduce to you the greatest dance music you've ever heard, the Dixieland Jazz Band for its first appearance in New York. It started something when they began double years ago in New Orleans. They went to Chicago, they came to talk of the town, then San Francisco, and now ladies and gentlemen, Rice and Webbers in New York. Get ready to dance, ladies and gentlemen, the Dixieland Jazz Band. Shall we dance? Well, no, no, wait a minute. I didn't want to be the first on the floor. Somebody has to start. Come on. Well, I don't know. I'm kind of scared. Well, anybody who likes to dance as much as you do, I am. Yes, but I never heard music like this before. I wouldn't know how to dance to it. You wouldn't either. Well, I admit it. Well, look. Oh, on the dance floor. Well, no one's even smiling. Oh, that's too bad. After all we've heard, and I thought it would be such a success. Never once the world heard that. The world heard? Huh? Look at the manager. He looks as if he lost his last friend. Yes, he looks funny. And you're blaming. Ladies and gentlemen, please, you don't understand. This is jazz. It's meant to be danced to. Try it, and you'll see how someone started. Please. I'll even dance myself. This is because someone laughed. Whatever it was, the crowd at Weiss & Rivers that night danced as they had never danced before. Jazz that hit New York and New York loved it. While this was going on, something was happening out in California. A young man named Paul Whiteland had organized an orchestra and was playing at the Alexandria Hotel in Los Angeles. He believed that jazz was the soul of America, and he gave himself a job obtaining it, refining it to bring out the beauty he thought sure was there. He and his orchestra came east for an engagement at the Ambassador in Atlantic City. They didn't cause much of a stir, and they might have packed up and gone home. The representative of the Victor Talking Machine Company hadn't happened to lunch at the Ambassador one day in 1920. Paul Whiteland was given a two-year contract to make Victor records, and that was the beginning of a psychronic series of happening. New York, and an engagement at the Folly Royal, the largest cafe in town. Pictures in the papers, theater engagement, fame. Paul Whiteland revolutionized jazz. It became a thing of beauty and charm, full of infinite variety. With it came a refinement of dance steps. The names that make music all flock to the Folly Royal to hear the new jazz. In 1920, people everywhere were rowing back their rugs and dancing to Paul Whiteland's famous phonograph record of whispering. It became steadily more musical and more interesting. Something was always happening. New rhythms and new dances were constantly springing up. Remember back in 1925? With individual styles, men such as Vick Spiderbeck and the trumpet, Eddie Lang and the guitar, and Jova Newdy and the fiddle, Miss Mole and the trombone, Frank Trumbauer and the saxophone, Jack Teagarden, the Dorsey Brothers, Benny Goodman, our conductor, Don Voorhees, and many others, they brought forth and popularized a new kind of rhythm, elusive, yet fascinating. It was characterized by an easy swing and great spontaneity. Here's the way it sounded when the boys played, Nobody's Sweetheart. Rudy Valle and Adam Bartow arrived on the scene, and Ogie Carmichael's beautiful tune, Stardust, was the hit of the day. The recent graduate of the State Agricultural College is talking with his grandfather. You and your new fangled ideas about chicken raising. Well, all right, Grandpa. If you don't believe my ideas are practical and won't even realize that they've been worked out and proved at college experimental stations, well, let's have a contest. A what? Contest.  Well, now I couldn't do with a new hat. What's your idea, Billy? Well, look, you take 100 of those new chicks and cap them your way, say. The way you've always done. Yes, yes, I see. And I'll take 100 chicks and cap them the way I've been taught. Now, at the end of 12 weeks, we'll let a third person judge the chicks and decide who wins. You're on, Billy. And make a note of my hat size. Seven and a quarter. Grandpa did not win the hat. At the end of the 12 weeks, he had lost 18 of his chicks and the 82 still-living averaged only a pound and a quarter each and were unthirsty and poorly feathered. Billy lost only six chicks and the 94 still-living averaged about three pounds each. They were husky and well-grown. And Billy went right on with his new-fangled methods to win a fall and winter contest, too. Caring for 100 laying hens the way he'd been taught, Bill got an average of 14 eggs per hen per month while Grandpa got only seven. And a large part of Billy's success must be credited to chemical research. One of the modern scientific aids to poultry raising, which Billy used, is a nonbreakable semi-transparent window material made by coating wire screen with a plastic solution. DuPont's name for this product is celloglass. Unlike ordinary glass, celloglass permits the passage of ultraviolet rays from the sun, a vital factor in growth, health, and egg production. And that's why it is being used on well over a million farms today. But chicks aren't the only benefactors. If you have a garden of any kind, DuPont's celloglass can help you out with jack-frost either in the spring or fall and get earlier, dirtier plants. Celloglass is also widely used for decorative lighting effects and in electrical signs and displays both indoors and out because it diffuses light and takes colored decoration so readily. It comes in rolls, is easy to handle, can't break like glass, yet provides warmth and light and gives protection from rain and snow. In fact, it's ideal for storm doors and storm windows in farm homes. If you own a farm or just have flour or vegetable gardens to care for, we suggest that you ask your garden supply hardware or lumber dealer about inexpensive DuPont celloglass. This product is only one of the numberless contributions that chemical science has made in its making to give us all, as DuPont expresses it, better things for better living through chemistry. Next week at the same time, the Cavalcake America in Music presented by DuPont will bring you another program with Don Voorhees and his orchestra, this one to be the tuneful development of American musical comedy and opera.


What's up everybody welcome back to another Python programming video. We're looking at the Python challenge.  I really can't tell what it is It's it looks like a scene of some people walking I Can't tell what this is like a rooster head or he's on fire or I Just don't know There aren't any hints on the page. There's nothing here So I'm gonna go ahead and kind of view the page source try to investigate the title of this page is odd even Don't know what that means the image is cave dot jpeg There's even there's a section for the font here, but there is no text. There is no hint given to us so we just have this image to work with and Odd even whatever that means. I think cave might be a hint to like a Python module We need to use or something so Python cave. I'll look up But The Marburg of the virus disease. I don't get any Module documentation Oh, hey The colossal cave game in Python, that's pretty cool. So Alright, this is not what I was expecting There is no I don't think there's a cave module in Python nor would it if there were one I don't think it would help. I don't know if that's what it's supposed to be Let's look at the source odd even It looks like in the picture.  I mean that's pretty obvious right here. I'll zoom in But I don't know like how it's done.  Oh Is it flickering for you a little optical illusion? Okay, sorry zoom in a little bit too much there. Oh, yeah It's a little freaky. There's a lot of black pixels. I Think that's what it is I'm gonna I'm gonna try opening in paint Click open with paints All right, so We zoom in here all these black. It's like all over the picture It is all over the picture I wonder if there are any that like aren't black because these look like I Zoom in here. I can't tell if this is my just my eyesight No, yeah, these get these get red Use my eyedropper tool these guys look like these aren't pure black. Can I edit this? Can I edit this color? Yeah, look look look look. There's 60 in red. It's not pure black.  It's all Even and odd pairs for X and Y So that's what it must mean when it says odd even being our hint. I wonder if these pixels We can't are those gonna get us text. Is that gonna get us text? Okay, so either way it looks like we're gonna have to use a Python image module to loop through this Let's fire up a text editor I'm gonna save this in my desktop 11 dot pi import image image equals image open Cave dot jpeg is working with I'm gonna say width and height actually equal The image dot size because we're probably gonna need those Do I have my image working? Yes, okay, so Odd and even So for X in range Zero Size no width right and for Y in range. We don't even need this zero here height we'll do as well print character form of Image dot get pixel X and Y let's get every single pixel, but we want the odd and even ones so odd is just gonna be One plus Like plus one on the variable that we're looking at X or Y But it needs increment by two then so we do need these zero zero with to and Zero height to remember like in the last in one of the earlier challenges in one of the other videos. We were looking at XY and X like plus one Because that would get the next one corresponding and it's gonna do the same for the even Even and then this one will be odd Now when I run this, okay, it needs them in Integers not tuples get pixel takes two arguments three given I'm confused What is the problem? Maybe my parentheses don't match up. I think it needs a tuple for arguments. Yeah so indices get pixel character and then Tuple get pixel And parentheses on this an integer is required. Oh Right, right, right. This gets The chr function is what needs an integer So we need to like take out one of the values from this. Oh Okay That's doesn't look like what we want Yeah, I see space care. Hey, I do see values But none of those make sense to me. What if okay? I remember in the last tutorial Or the last challenge in the last video. We didn't use the text. We ended up using the pixels I wonder if there's something like and I know some of the pixels are in red, right? When we got to some of them. Yeah What if the message is stored in the pixels? Not in the like the text that you would get out of the pixel colors. Let's Okay, so Let's create a new image new image equals Let's say size equals width and height and then our new image can equal image dot new RGB type with the same size as the other one so We can do is we can once we loop through Let's say even can equal this and odd This Even though this get pixel is going to return color data for us, right? So even color and odd color here the coordinates are going to be x and y and x plus y And we'll say that new image can eat we can actually put a pixel on the new image and let's say x and y and That's going to be the even color and then we'll add a new one for x plus y and y plus 1 and Then the odd color Okay, I have too many parentheses at this point and we'll remove our indexing because Now we're just going to get the actual color data. So we don't need to index anything We're going to use it to put color data on the new image, I think So when you run this, okay, that works fine for us and new image Dot save save on our desktop. It's where I am. Let's say image.png save and run and image.png Hey, okay Get our number 11 nothing else. I Don't see. I mean I see some of the red, but that's all. What if we separate? I Edit it even first and then odd Well, that wouldn't have any difference would it? It wouldn't make any difference. Yes, the same So remember in the uh, this is me looking up the This is me looking up the documentation for the get pixel function The title is odd even not even odd. So it's not like But I mean when we add it to the image there is no order it's still going to put it where it needs to go Odd even or even odd there is no there's no question of order there What if we separated it into two images? So let's say even image so even image put pixel and odd image put pixel even We'll do one for odd now if we run this boop-doop Image Or that's the same image we were looking at before even still pretty black odd Find out There's nothing there for us. I'm gonna go back to our one image thing New image. I'm just control zing over and over and over again now if I run this okay back to our regular image Let's look at this a little more. Let's open this up open this up and paint open with paint Zoom in I see some of the like Green pixels here. It's all black. It's like all black. Oh Okay, there's color here. What is this? Is that an E? Oh Those are letters. I think I can barely see letters in there The I L evil That's gotta be it. That's gotta be it It's gotta be evil That's creepy Just like etch in like and red and blue and green and That's super creepy That's gotta be it. Let's go. Let's check it out. All right URL Evil oh, oh, that's it sweet.  All right. All right evil it is then I'll take that. I'll buy it. I don't mind. Oh, it is right there. Did I just miss it the first time? I zoomed in sorry guys super heavy zoom in Yeah, there it is. I feel like I just missed it. It's so faint kind of Maybe I'm just blind whatever All right. Wow Well, thanks for watching guys Thank you for putting up with me on this one I had to kind of poke around for a little bit, but that's super cool Did not expect evil to be The key flag All right Well, thanks guys.  Let me know what you think constructive criticism I love that stuff and if you're feeling generous, maybe subscribe, you know, I'd love that. Thanks guys. I'll see you in the next tutorial


Hi everyone, I'm Aristide from Metabolism of Cities and in this new video I want to teach you how to make a Sankey diagram from scratch for free, even if you don't know how to code or to visualize any type of datasets. If you don't know what a Sankey diagram is, why it is so important for the fields of circular economy, material flow analysis and urban metabolism, then I highly suggest to you to first pause this video, go watch this video instead and then come back to learn how to make a Sankey diagram yourself. So to summarize what was said in this other video, a Sankey diagram is this flow diagram that shows you how materials, energy, waste, money, in general any type of flow go from one stage to another. So how one flow goes from one node as we call them in the jargon to another node. So we call them the source nodes and then the target node. That's where it starts from and that's where it ends from and the flow itself, we just need to give it a value. So these are the three main things you need to give to any type of software or tool in order to create a Sankey diagram. You always need to indicate what is the source node, what is the end or target node and then what is the value of that flows. These are the three parameters that you need to give. Now, you might of course understand that if you want a complex Sankey diagram or a more elaborate Sankey diagram, you might have more than one of these flows. So you might have 10, 15, 30, 100 flows. In any case, you will always have to indicate where does the flow originate from, where does it end up and what is the value of that flow.  Once you have this, you know, you have these three elements, you can then add some nice colors, you can then add some nice icons, if you want, you can make it as fancy as you want. But these are the three elements that you will always need to make a Sankey diagram. Okay, now that you know what are the three elements to create a Sankey diagram, let's dive into it and I'll show you directly into some software's how to do it. So if you click online, you go to Google and search how to make a Sankey diagram, you'll probably find dozens and dozens of ways of how to do a Sankey diagram, how to make it for free, how to make it spade, how to make it with coding, without coding and all of that. If you want, let me just show you over here. There is, of course, if you're familiar with data visualization and data collection and all of that, you might know Tableau over here and Tableau, you just upload your datasets and then it can create data visualizations for you. Then if you are familiar with coding in Python or something like that, you have Plotli that creates Sankey diagrams for you. So you just copy this code in Jupyter or in Python directly and you get your basic diagrams like this and you can move your nodes and have the values explained over here. And if you want to make more complex diagrams, it explains you here how to make, you know, with much more flows and all of that. Then as a paid example or alternative, which is quite nice, you have eSankey here from EFU, a university in Hamburg. And then what's nice with it is that it gives you some more additional elements to this, not only how to create your Sankey diagram, but also how to make circular flow diagrams. This is the bane of most tools, is that they don't allow you to make circular flows. They only allow you to go from one node to another, but rarely to go back to another node. But also it enables you to combine Sankey diagrams and flows with LCA elements or life cycle assessment values with it. So this is a paid version though. And then the tool I always recommend, if you are new to data visualization and if you are new to material flow analysis, is Sankeymatic. There are plenty of others. There is raw tools, which is also very powerful and very beautiful. I like this one because of its simplicity. It just does Sankey diagrams and everybody can use it and it's free and it's easy to use. Now let me just show you how this works. So if you remember well, these are the Sankey diagrams. You have nodes and then you have flows. Let's try to go here where it says build a Sankey diagram directly and it shows you already a Sankey diagram. It shows you the one that they have made for you. So in this one, it tells where does your, where does one's budget comes from and where does it end up to. So let's see it. So your monthly budget is let's say 2,000 euros or dollars or something and you have a 2,025 and 2,000 comes from your wage and 25 euros or dollars come from interest in the bank. And then over here on the right, it tells you where do you spend your budget. So 5,500 of the budget goes to taxes, then some goes to housing, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. So this is the main principle of a Sankey diagram if you remember. We have a source node. So this bar over here is a node and you can move it around. This bar over here is another node. That's the target node. And we have 2,000 going from wages to budget. And actually it's very simple. If you see it here, so if we zoom in a bit further, you will see that here we have wages, which is the target, sorry, the source node, where does it come from? Over here on the left. Then the target node over here on the right. And then the value, which is the value of the flow, which is 2,000. So 2,000 goes from here to here. And it even tells you how it works here above. Source, source node, amount or value and then target on the right. And so the syntax or how do you write this in this, let's say a small piece of software is that you have the name of the nodes, square brackets, the value of the flow and then the name of the target node. It's as easy as that. Now let's see what happens if I take out, let's say, interest over here and then you type preview again, you see that this does not exist anymore. If I wanted, I'll go back here and then I change interest to 100 preview. And you see that over here it also does some cross check. You can have this or it can tell you if all of the inputs and all of the outputs are equal the same amount or not. That is a good, let's say, cross reference if you want to make sure that your Sankey diagram is balanced. And over here we see that there is, it says that 2,100 comes in, but 2,025 goes out. So I could go here in budget and do budget. So instead of doing that, let me just copy paste directly, budget and say 75, which is the difference between the two, 75 and say that it goes to savings. If you preview it again, then you see that you have savings here and now it's balanced. You can also change the order of your nodes over here. So I want this one up top and this one down below or, you know, you change it a bit as you want. You can move it around here, what you can do if you want your diagram a bit more wide, let's say, because it's a wider report. You put here 1,000 instead of 600. You see that your diagram has stretched out and perhaps you want some more room over here and all of that. Now you could, for instance, before wages add something more. So you want, let's say, so you have salary or let's say you have job one that gives you, let's say that you are doing two jobs in order to earn your wage. So let's say 1,000 goes to wages. Now be careful, it has to be exactly the same way you wrote it. If you just write wage instead of wages, it's going to create a new node, it's going to become a mess. So be careful when you write the nodes, it has to be exactly the same spelling. So I've added job one and job two going to wages 1,000 and 1,000. If we preview, then it adds some more below. So you have more tiers, let's say, of your Sankey diagram. You can add as many as you want and then make it as complex as you want. Now there's some other stuff that you can do. For instance, colors. You can choose what is the background color. Perhaps you want something else. You want it a bit this color. I don't know why you would, but let's say you want a color. And then you can choose. There are some not color themes. So you see here it's blue, dark blue, light blue, light blue, and then different colors over here. So let's say you want something different. Or you can use a single color for them. So all of the nodes have a single color, except the ones over here. Let me just turn this out. And this one over here. So all of them have the same color and the same with the flows. Let's say you can choose what color you want for the flow. Or so you have gray flows and blue nodes to make it as consistent as possible. Then you can also choose to use the, for the flows, you can choose to use the source nodes color or the target nodes colors. That's also possible. And then you can also assign yourselves colors to each of the individual, how you call it, flows over here. I'll show you that in a second. And then you can start adding labels. So the labels here, you can take them or take them out. If you want to write a nicer text with nicer fonts and all of that, you can take it out and add it later on. You can add just the name of the node and not the values and all of that. And then you can also, in the advanced, this is the flow check, as I mentioned before. And at the very end, you export it as you want. So as an image, let's say, or as an SVG, if you are, let's say, someone that knows how to design in Illustrator or anything else, you download it as an SVG and it's a dynamic illustration that you can move things around. You can also put this online on any website, SVGs or dynamic. So you can use that in any other website in case you need that. Now, as I said, you can also choose colors, right? So over here, if I go back, you'll see that you have two colors. One is taxes. It has this color over here. So it's a node. And it tells you what is the color over here. So these are called color hex, let's say. It's a code that you use on the internet to define one specific color, let's say. So in general, when you print, you have RGB, but this is a different type of colors. And you can find whatever color you want. And just copy it here. And you'll see that the node is going to change color. So that's for a specific node. So how you do it is, after you have written this, so the source nodes, the value and the target nodes, you can then change the color of the nodes that you want. So let's say that was for taxes, let's do the same thing for housing. And let's say I want a different node. So I go back here, I take this one, and then paste it here. And you see it has another color. So this, let's say, if you want to group stuff, let's say these are construction materials, and then biomass materials, and then stuff like that. So you can group them by color. And you can either do that on the node. And over here, because it says use target node, instead of a single color for the flow. So over here, it just shows the node. That is a different color. But you can also do the flow itself. So here, as you see, is that you have the flow, so budget going to other necessities, and then it has a color. And this one has a specific color that you have specified. And so you can change the color of the nodes, or you can change the color of the flows. It's up to you. You can change different colors and make it as much as you want. Now, let me just give you another example and how to make this. So I'll take this all down. Something just to never forget, or else you're going to get frustrated with this, you can't save this, right? So you can save this text. So if you close this, then you lose all of the efforts that you have done. So what I recommend is that you copy this in a text file or any other file in order that when you come back, you just copy paste it again. And then you're where you were just before. So keep that in mind. So let me just give you another example I just built for you, which was this one, which seems a bit more, let's say, material flow or circular economy like. And what I did here, it's more ugly than the previous one is just an example. So you can understand. So let's say that this is our economy here, what we use, what we consume within our economy, the use. And we have imports that go directly to the use. And then we have extraction materials that either go directly to use or to manufacturing. In this case, I've put manufacturing. And then from use, either it goes to waste. So it's collected as waste, or it goes to stock. So let's say we consume, I don't know, we consume six, let's say tons of materials, and four of them go to building buildings. So that's not waste. And two of them go directly to waste. And then every year from stock, well, some of the buildings are demolished. So you have waste going from stock to waste collection. And then you have waste, let's say treatment. So once you have collected your waste, this is how it's treated. So you see that we've with a very simple thing, with a very simple number of lines, you can have your your Sankey diagram showing how the flows of the economies go. And the quantities you can find them on a report, for instance. And to do this very easily, I did here on Google Sheets. That's how I generally do it. You can do it in a different way. But I make three columns. The headers of the columns are, let me just make this a bit bigger. So I have three columns here. It's the from node, the to node or the target node, and then the quantity of the flow, as I mentioned before. So here I say from extraction to manufacturing, the quantity is x. It could be one, it could be three, you name it. And I do this for all of the flows that make up my system. So from extraction to manufacturing, from manufacturing to use, from use to waste collection, etc, etc. Then you have the values that you find in reports, or you modulate yourself. And then what I did over here is another line, another, sorry, column that's called Sankeymatic. And it automatically brings things from these three cells. So manufacturing, which is the from, to is the target node and then the quantity. And it creates this. So this text is a Sankeymatic text that Sankeymatic can understand. So you just copy this one, you paste it in Sankeymatic, and then you have your Sankey Diagram. Of course, it's not the right values. This is just an example. But you get it, this is how it works. So this is in a nutshell how you make a Sankey Diagram. You see, it's really not complicated. You just, at the end of the day, need to find data. But this is just the way how to structure your data in order to make your Sankey Diagram, how to make your Sankey Diagram, and then how to export it in an image for a report, or in SVG, for making it much nicer in Illustrator, let's say, or Inkscape, or include it into a website. So I hope this was helpful. If you have questions, more questions about Sankey Diagrams and how to make them, please make sure to put them down below and we'll try to answer that. So if you like this video, you might like some other videos that we have on our channel. So please have a look, and also subscribe to our channel so you don't miss any new one. Thanks a lot for watching and we'll see you in the next one. Cheers.


Hello, I'm David Wong. I'm a martial artist, meditator and a master of magnetic attraction. In this video, I'm going to share with you the five steps on how to attract the mentor that's right for you. If you like what you're seeing, make sure you subscribe to this channel to get more lessons like this from me. Click the bell, comment and like this video. With that said, let's get on with the video. The first step of attracting the right mentor is to get good at what you do or get good at your business. You want to learn as much as possible in your industry and in your field before you get a mentor because even if a mentor can multiply you by a thousand times, a thousand times times zero is still zero. So make sure you have something to build upon before you approach a mentor. Step number two is once you identify the mentor, you want to analyze what they do. Analyze their business. Learn everything you can about this person, how they run the business, their background, how they got to where they are so that if they ask you a question, you have the answer for it. Step three is very important. It's called the gift. You need to offer a gift to your mentor in exchange for their mentorship. Offer to take a burden off their shoulders. Is there a project? Is there an endeavor? Is there a task that you can help with? The mentorship that you receive from him or her is priceless. So if you're able to offer your time and your effort, you're actually getting a really good deal. So offer that as a gift for free. Step number four is to prove to your mentor that you're cultural. Your mentor is busy. He's got lots of things to do. He doesn't have time to drag you kicking and screaming from being broken and successful to become successful and rich. Be ready to do what he or she says without question. That would just save him a lot of headache and also you a lot of time. Step number five is to invest in a relationship with your mentor. This is a new friend that you're making. It's not just someone who's a mentor but someone who you're going to spend a lot of time with. So attracting the right mentor also means you need to attract the person that you can get along with, person that you respect, and person that you can have fun with too.  So there's five steps of attracting the right mentor. Which step is the most favorite? Why do you even want a mentor? Is there something in your life that you want to improve on? Are you lacking something? Is it something you're frustrated with or overwhelmed with? Let me know what you're experiencing in your life. Put that in the comments below. So my hope is that you can find the right mentor for you and actualize your full potential and achieve your full life's purpose and passion. So I'm David Wong. Use the Chi and Prosper. Hey, do you like what you're watching so far? I've got a lot more content for you that you're going to love. So make sure you go and click these videos here and watch them next. If you haven't subscribed to this video, click the subscribe button here. And if you haven't taken the Chi Energy Score, click the link in the description below to take the quiz.


From VOA Learning English, this is the Agriculture Report. Cassava is a very important crop in many countries. More than 160 million people across Africa depend on the plant for food or to earn money. The continent produces 60% of the world's cassava. In May, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization reported that cassava production had increased by 60% worldwide since 2000. Agriculture experts had been expecting world cassava production to grow even more during the next 10 years. But those expectations have been crushed. Plant diseases are attacking cassava crops in East and Central Africa. Two diseases are the cassava-brown streak virus and the cassava-mosaic virus. The Food and Agriculture Organization says brown streak disease does more damage since it affects the root of the crop. Luca Alanovi is the acting director of the FAO in East and Central Africa. He says the agency has taken steps to improve the situation, but the problem is not getting better. She says decisions on how to handle the problem will have a huge impact on the food security of people in Central Africa. Dominique DeVoe heads the European Union Rural Development and Agricultural Program in Kenya. She says the cassava diseases have changed over the years. She says early research slowed the disease, but the disease changed form and new research is needed. The FAO says at least $100 million is needed to study the diseases and support clean farm production. Experts say failure to stop the disease means cassava disease will likely invade Nigeria, the biggest producer of cassava in Africa. For VOA Learning English, I'm Carolyn Presuti.