I'd like to refer to Victor's presentation where you talk about evaluation of health systems and you suggested kind of three domains, avoidable mortality, avoidable hospitalization and access to specialty care. Isn't the area of primary prevention actually left out in terms of the, as an indices for evaluation health systems? Most primary health care do not have primary prevention activities. So how do you incorporate that into evaluation? Yes, I agree primary prevention is left out and I agree it's very important and it's left out because I don't have any indicators because primary prevention includes all of health education, includes communication of health information. It includes so much that I don't, if you have some indicators to suggest that would be a start but it wouldn't be sufficient because we wouldn't have the data. So I was very limited by the data available to share with you the importance. Sometimes it's encompassed within primary care but I realize it doesn't catch everything you mentioned. More questions? Yes, please. Thank you. My name is Goromu from UN Habitat. I think we see three different presentations so very clear the difference between the North and the South. If you take the presentation of Catherine it shows very clear in Africa the post-neonatal mortality remained high. We know that in developed countries it's usually at the neonatal level and surprisingly the child mortality where we can say in most developed countries is almost existent. It's higher than the infant mortality in most African countries. This shows very clear the environmental problems of Africa and its remain to lack of water, lack of sanitation. And so based on that UN Habitat have initiated in 2004 the monitoring urban inactive program. That monitoring program was to show very clear the African cities are not uniform because when you look at national report always they show city is better than rural but those data show very clear in some area as you can see in Kibera have mortality higher than the rural area. And I hope that in this meeting we will have opportunity to address those inequalities and probably to have a program on that. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thanks to the African cities. Thanks to the presenters. I've got one question for Katherine and Jason. It strikes me that a lot of what is said in terms of a preventative approach and in terms of the cumulative disadvantage that was referenced boils down to questions about family life. And from Katherine's work it seems clear that within slum conditions we're talking about a radically different conception of the family and dynamics of family life. And I'm curious how much of the research is focusing on that changing dynamic and how should our understanding of the changing family relate to strategies about how we intervene. Thanks. Any comment on that? One thing that I can say about some of the research we've done shows that actually even within the slums there are huge differences. And some of the slums we've studied are characterized by the split family phenomenon and actually outcomes, especially childhood outcomes, are better. In those slums which have split families as opposed to those slums which are more where the families, there are different generations of families living in the same slums. So I think it's an important question that is being addressed at different levels. And I think it goes back to the other issue that was raised about migration. The study also shows that recent migrants, especially women and children, have worse health outcomes and the main reason is because they don't have access. They don't know yet where the different services are. So it's an issue that we are looking at in much more detail and I think perhaps it needs to be further assessed, especially regarding the more long-term effects of different intergenerational transfers of different things, whether it's genetics, whether it's disease, whether it's knowledge, whether it's resources. Yeah, just quickly. I agree that the family dynamics have a role but our work in Nairobi in particular shows that more importantly is the presence or absence of community institutions to be able to respond to family dynamic change, to advocate for power and necessary services in different ways. So it's really that institution building and the sustaining of it that allows different family dynamics to succeed or not succeed in our research. Okay, is that it? Thank you. Thank you very much. That's who you are, Sharon. Sorry, Sharon Freel. It's a question for each of the speakers, so three separate questions. To Victor, being trying to be devil's advocate, you said at the beginning somewhere between 10% and 25% of the organization of health care and I would say medical care contributes to health, should we really be investing in it? A second question, well it's a question to Jason. Jason, you made the point I think very clearly of the racial segregation being such an important contributor in terms of health inequities. In your governance work, how are you addressing the structural determinant of racism? And then a question about the NCD's explosion that Catherine mentioned in Kenya. Is the NCD's explosion, you pointed towards the nutrition transition in street foods and fast food outlets. That is arguably something that's been exported from the west, from the rich world into some of the more developing countries. How is the discourse and policy discussions happening within Kenya and within Nairobi that relates some of the processes of globalization to the health experience within cities? I don't know if we have time for three answers, but if you do it in two or three very short words, please. Victor. I can be very brief. The question was, I didn't, about the 10-25% that's attributable to medical care, what was the question? No, what? I didn't mean to say that it was not a good investment. What I was trying to say is that we need to work on many fronts at once and to the extent that health care has some impact, whether it's 10 or 25 depends on whether we include primary prevention probably. But the extent that it has some impact, I said that we should take an integrated approach and not just deal with the social determinants. On the issue of street foods, actually, it's not just globalization. In the slums, it's because for you to prepare a meal, you need fuel, you need salt, you need cooking oil, and if you have 20 shillings or 20 US cents, it's much better to buy a ready meal. So it's not so much about globalization and all that. It's just the convenience and the cost. At that point in time, it's cheaper to do that. As opposed to policy discourses, the Kenyan Noncommunicable Disease Policy I think is about one year old or less. So really not much has gone in terms of education. The issue of racism, structural racism is at the heart of our, the start of every conversation we have and needs to remain part of it. Obviously not an easy issue or easy conversation. Mayor, the Chilean mayor, yes, please. Ma'ven, un comentario, nosotros en la Comuna, a los niños que no tenían, que tenían más entrada al tema del alcohol, la droga y la violencia? He says he has a comment in reference to, in his case, in Loprado, Chile, in reference to the family dynamics of the children, the children from low income families who have problems, social problems like health, drugs, and other behavioral problems. Eran niños que no tenían una imagen adulta significativa. They were children who did not have a parental, maternal or parental image, meaningful parental, maternal image because the parents may be working, single family parents. Tampoco cuando entraban al colegio, los profesores eran una imagen que les daba sentido. And when they went to school they also saw the teachers also like an image, like an image. Y al salir del colegio después de las cuatro de la tarde y hasta las ocho de la noche estaban solos. And when they left school between four and eight p.m. they were at home alone. Tuvimos que hacer un programa de guardadoras infantiles con la propia comunidad para poder cuidarlos con afecto. So in order to solve this problem they created a problem with a nanny problem within the community to fill in this gap. Okay. Muchas gracias. Thank you very much. Well, we have seen this very different layout. It's $900 per capita a year, more than $50,000 per capita a year. I am wondering until, to which point we are comparing at the moment today now eukronial realities. That's to say, aren't we talking about Dickensioni and London today in Nairobi? And I think that that should generate some other approaches, more political. The level of unemployment in Nairobi, it's probably 60% of the population has not a real, appropriate job. Okay. Then why don't we cross all this information with employment and see what happens? Then the social condition and it's quite clear that the health, they influence a lot. Of course, we know that. But looking at the health of Kenya and Nairobi, I am recovering a little bit of faith in my profession because at the end I would be expecting more differences. There are only 10 or 12 years or 15 years of life expectancy difference between Kenya and New York. Look at these very global figures. Of course, the only difference, there's a lot of difference between London, Dickensioni and London and now. At that time there were no vaccination. And vaccination nowadays, although it has not solved things, it has represented vaccinations. All of them have represented a huge change in the life expectancy of people. It's not about medical care. It's about the medical or health knowledge applied more or less in life. But of course, I think that social conditions are very clearly here. As playing most of it, I'm able to say social and political because why don't we speak clearly? It's all that. It's about politics. It's about the organization of politics. There are a lot of differences between different mortality play descriptions in Paris and in Manhattan. How is that related to unemployment and how is that related to the coverage, social coverage in case of unemployment? I think that this is some of the ways that we can think on future because it's quite clear. We don't need to know everything. Things, in some way, there are evidence. We prefer to live in a better and rich society, in a poor and we prefer to have work to oppose not having work. And then the question becomes, at the end, if we want to be efficient, is how we can help the poor countries to have more employment and how we can help in the poor, in the rich country to recover employment? Thank you. It feels as if we've been here a long time. We actually started a quarter of an hour late, so we're running five minutes late in reality. Coffee, but could you please come back for 20, 25 minutes. Thank you to Ron Klos and thank you to all the speakers up in Manhattan.


There's been a lot of news in the press now about driverless cars and I was very interested to learn that the biggest profession in the US today is truck drivers. Now as we move into this technological future where it looks like we're heading down a path of driverless vehicles, trucks, cars, taxis, ubers, that's going to have a huge societal impact, isn't it? If that number one occupation is completely wiped out by driverless vehicles, what kind of impact is this technology going to have on society, do you feel? Yeah, so the major technology fueling this shift to the driverless cars and driverless trucks is artificial intelligence, AI. There are many different species of artificial intelligence. There's not a single type, there's many varieties and the important thing about this is that all those different types think differently than humans do. The whole point of having an AI driver car that doesn't drive like you or me, it doesn't drive like a human, it's not distracted, it's not worrying about whether that's something on the stove, it's going and engineered to only focus on driving, and so therefore they're going to drive better than us and all these different types of thinking will be used for different things and they're optimized for different parts and the AI that will have in these cars will be good, which will spark hundreds of new industries themselves because we aren't driving the cars, what are we going to do in the cars? Well, most likely we're going to do virtual reality, we're going to put it on headsets inside the cars and we'll work or we'll be entertained, that's where a lot of people think that Apple's going to become a car company because the stuff you're going to do inside the car, the Apple car would be all the Apple products, you'd be entertaining, doing work, experiencing things and so these sophisticated machines that actually have to cross the country are going to need, so the three million long haul truck drivers will become people who maybe repair these things, which are going to be, you know, they're mechanical, they're mechanical things that need a lot of care and tender attention that are far complex than what we have right now and that's just one example of the kinds of new things that we will need by the fact that we have a new kind of intelligence, making new desires that we didn't even know that we had before, so if you can imagine all the different cars, the question is, and all these people inside this, where would they go? What would they do? Would they have meetings? Would they have parties? Would they spend overnight there? I mean, if you don't have to drive, why not sleep in them? So you could just, you'd have these vehicles that became people could sleep on the way home instead of coming to the house. There are so many new things that this would unleash that the total sum of this is going to exceed the numbers of the three million jobs that are lost. And these jobs are not just all, according to PhDs, this is not just all conceptual work. The things that humans, our jobs are usually bundles of different tasks and some of those tasks are repetitive and monotonous. And those are the kinds of things that can be defined in terms of efficiency or productivity. Those are the things that go to the bots. The things that humans will retreat to or move to are the things that are not defined by efficiency. And that's like innovation, trying things, which is inherently inefficient. So I mean, science is inefficient, innovation is inefficient because you're doing one failure after another. You're trying stuff that doesn't work.  That's hugely inefficient. That's what humans are good at. We're going to have wasting time basically. And human relationships are inherently inefficient. So we're good at human relationships. And that's something that anybody who's a human can do. And so being at the bedside of somebody who's sick, that's inefficient, but that's also something that we find very valuable. So we are going to move to those kinds of jobs that are not defined by productivity. Those are tasks. So a lot of the jobs are not just replaced, they're actually just kind of refined. Right. In the sense that the parts of it that are efficient and measured by officially moved to the bots and the other parts of it, the executive function, you know, I mean, like Peter Drucker talks about the two parts of jobs, the jobs that where you want to do it right. And the other part where you want to do the right job, that doing the right job is an executive choice. That becomes more and more our role of if doing the job is right, that's what we give to the bots. Doing the right job is something that we take on. Sure. But let me ask you a personal question. Is there one element of the future that even though logically, you can argue, yes, that's a positive thing.


From around the globe, it's theCUBE with digital coverage of IBM Think 2021, brought to you by IBM. Hi everybody, welcome back to IBM Think 2021. My name is Dave Vellante. You're watching theCUBE's continuous coverage of this event. We go out to the events. We extract the signal from the noise. We've been doing that virtually for the better part of 14 months now. We're going to get deeper into application modernization. Maria Ashway is here. She's the director of marketing at Mainline Information Systems and David Burrows is an account executive at Mainline. Folks, welcome to theCUBE. Great to have you on today. Thank you, nice to be here. Maria, I want to start with Mainline. People might not be familiar with Mainline, but you've transformed over the past five years. I wonder if you could describe that for our audience. Yes, we have, indeed we have. Mainline is a 30 plus year company. And for 30 odd years, we had really been focused a lot in hardware, right, hardware reselling. That's what the market needed. That's what we did a lot of. But then in the past, I would say five to eight years, maybe even 10 years, we started on this transformation project for the business where we started transforming ourselves into really systems integrators versus just hardware reseller. So now we can go to a client and we can say, hey, you know, what are you struggling with, right? What are your business challenges? And then from there we can integrate a solution that might be hardware, it might be software, it might be some services, it could be managed services, it could be staffing services, could be a number of different things and put all that together and then deliver a complete solution that helps them with their business requirements. Well, David, that must have been an interesting transition because what Maria just described is it used to be every opportunity was a nail and whatever box you were selling was the hammer. And that has changed dramatically, of course. So I wonder what that discussion was like with clients. You must have heard that early on and said, uh-oh, this cloud thing is happening, the world is changing, we've got a change too. I wonder if you could chime in on that transformation. Yes, as our clients have been changing, what we've been doing is, you know, making sure that we fully understand what's available not only in the marketplace, but the competition and what each industry segment, for example, banking versus insurance versus a utility may be facing during this time. And so, you know, being able to transform as an account executive, we've been able to indicate and provide solutions as Marie indicated, the large focus over the last five years has been networking security. As we move more compute to the edge, close to the edge, security has been predominant. And so, you know, hardware is really almost commoditized through and through with the exception of, you know, IBM Z and Power. And so, you know, we've had to really sellers, you know, focus on what customers are dealing with and how they transition.  And I think we'll talk about that a little bit later in more detail. Well, let's do that now. So Marie, maybe at a high level, you could talk about those challenges that your clients are facing. And then we can sort of double click on how that was exacerbated by COVID. And I'm really interested in your perspectives on sort of the post isolation economy and how those challenges are going to shift. But Marie, maybe kick us off at the high level if you could. Sure, so, you know, people, companies were moving toward the whole digital transformation, right? Probably for the past three to four years, we started seeing more and more that constantly, everybody sees those buzzwords all the time. So clients were shifting in that direction and we were shifting to try to satisfy them with their needs, with those solutions, but then came COVID. And all of a sudden, right, what people were planning on doing for the next, let's say, five years, I mean, most CIOs would say, yeah, we're gonna get there in five years. Well, that had to happen, right? It had to have breaks went on and it had to happen instantaneously. So that put a big change in focus, a big change in direction for not only our clients, right? But for our own folks, folks like David, who are trying to service these clients with having to bring them these solutions that we're gonna solve their digital business needs today and not five years from now. Yeah, so David, let's talk about that. I mean, what Marie just described, I call it the force march to digital because as Marie, as you were saying, people were on a digital transformation but there was a little bit of complacency, you know, okay, we'll get there, we're really busy doing some other stuff. And then all of a sudden, you've probably seen the meme of the COVID wrecking ball coming into the building, the office building and saying, you know, well, what are we doing fine? And all of a sudden, boom, the force COVID comes in. So how did that affect your clients and how did you respond? I mean, they're asking for VDI, give me some laptops, I need endpoint security. And so how did that affect the application modernization efforts? And David, maybe you could comment on that. So I think for me, the biggest challenge was all business, the competition within business to survive COVID, you know, they had to put in, first thing was, how do we get our customer supported correctly and how do we get our workers supported working at home? So the very first thing we did over the initial six months was most companies had to transform immediately within the first 30 to 90 days to allow their workforce to work them home. That happened throughout my customer base, both in the center of California was customers really focused on how do we do business process? How do we compete in this marketplace and get return on investments? Speak, you know, time to value of what we invest in these COVID times so that we can compete with other businesses that are trying to stay alive through this transition. And now that we're seeing on the backend that time to value in terms of investment is even more important because some businesses that have been significantly impacted from not only cash flow, but certainly in terms of profitability during this time. Makes sense. And so now Marie, so we were talking earlier about the sort of the initial path to digital transformation. And I wonder, that's got to be course corrected, I would think. We were forced in to compress the digital reality and I guess in a way that's good. But in a way it was, we probably made a lot of mistakes. It was a bit of a Petri dish. So now as we begin to knock wood exit COVID, you would think those imperatives adjust and they start to become aligned. What's your take on that? Especially as it relates to application and infrastructure modernization. So I would agree with that. I think that there's definitely has to be a little bit of a realignment happening. And I know recently I read that 2021 is expected to be a very large year in IT spend because all of those initiatives that CIOs and others were going after pre-COVID kind of got put on hold, right? So they could then go focus on all of those digital means that were needed like the CDI, work at home, all the security stuff for that. So I think we're gonna see, I'm thinking we're gonna see a shift again now and maybe businesses are gonna go back and kind of pick up where they were prior to COVID and now start working on more of really of the application modernization initiatives that were in mind. And I know we wanted to talk about that as well because David's been working on quite a bit of application modernization with a few of his clients as we're seeing again, businesses change and I don't know that all of that change is because of COVID. I think all of that change was for their competitiveness to get there anyway. So I think that's going to start, as you said before, David, I think it's going to start now having to kind of re-think up. It reminds me of traffic on the M4, David, if you've ever been to driving in London when it's slingshots, right? It's that's what COVID was like. Marie, you're absolutely right. Last year, IT spend was down four to 5% this year. I mean, our prediction is going to be in the six to 7% range, which kind of aligns with where Gartner and IDCR based on our surveys. But back in April, like I think the 16th of April, it was a headline in the Wall Street Journal that China grew 18% GDP in the quarter. So it's very hard to predict, but it's coming back. We can see that, David. And so spending is really going to accelerate. There's probably some pent up demand for that application modernization. Maybe it's been a little bit neglected as we've done, as Marie was saying, and you were saying the work from home. So maybe you could talk a little bit more about the modernization aspects. And maybe I'm really interested in the things that you guys deliver in your portfolio with IBM. Sure. So what, I have customers in multiple phases within this current digital transformation. They're customer moving everything to next gen development, which is fully containerized code, being able to, you know, swiftly go through their development tests and hybrid cloud environments where they haven't made an investment yet, but they're sampling what it might be like to change into that world. And then there are customers who are still in the typical environment, the traditional environment, and they're looking at what the solutions as far as packages are available for them moving forward so they can kind of skip over any kind of development and be able to leverage what I call next gen development or next gen systems immediately.  IBM's cloud pack solution set provides a portfolio of capabilities both in the application suite, database suite, security. I have customers today leveraging that. And so that is one of the first, you know, pieces that the customers I see who are on the leading edge who are also kind of trailing are looking at these cloud packs to be able to go time to market and time the value quickly. Yeah, so when I look at your portfolio, I just sort of scan the web. David just mentioned Marie cloud pack. I mean, we're talking software here. You guys do have a lot of expertise in Z, Z Linux power. You mentioned is not a commodity. It's one of the few pieces of hardware that in Z. They're not a commodity storage. I would think business resiliency fits in there beyond disaster recovery. You know, Red Hat, we're talking, you know, things like open shift and Ansible for automation. So these are not your grandfather's mainline. These are toolkits or you know, parts of the tool bag that you bring to bear to focus on client outcomes and solutions. Am I getting that right? Yes, absolutely, absolutely. And again, right, that goes back to the original opening comment about how we've transformed as a business, right, to become an integrator, putting all of these different pieces together. I mean, I know that something that David recently had worked on.  Yes, it was some storage and yeah, there was some power. Yes, there was Red Hat, right? But then there was other stuff. There was VMware. There was some things that I can never remember. Now all the names to all the components, but it was a laundry list, right? And so that's where the mainline stepped in and put the pieces together for the customer so that the customer then can get done what they need to get done, which was really solve their business problem, which was trying to become more competitive in their market space. Okay, David, so what Maria was just saying was basically my takeaway is as a system integrator, you've got all these piece parts with these technologies, you've got virtualization, you've got automation, you've got containers, and so forth, and yes, there's hardware, but there's this integration that has to occur. And your job is to abstract that complexity, that underlying complexity away so that the customers can focus on the outcome. Maybe you could talk about that and how you do that. Sure, I'll give you a good example of a recent customer that we worked with who was basically running a consider an enterprise data platform that was going to rework their entire data warehouse into something that had governance surrounding it where they could validate all the data that was coming into their warehouse. And so we underpinned that with an infrastructure of power, we're running obviously IBM's cloud pack for data with DB2 warehouse. We use a combination of that with cloud data flow through IBM with confidence streaming and the governance, IBM governance catalog piece which is lots of knowledge catalog. So we've been able to take not only what their base requirements were but all the microservices that are packaged in with cloud pack, all running on OpenShift which was a great acquisition that IBM did last year. And then they also required other microservices outside to support that environment. Paint a picture for us as to what the future looks like. It's much different than the past 30 years and bring us home please. Sure, so I think the future for us is to continue to find all of the solutions that will help our customers get to their next steps. And as you know, there's lots of solutions out there. There's lots of new companies that are popping up all the time. Inherently, Mainline is an IBM partner. We've been an IBM partner for 30 plus years since our inception. And that's the base of our business is IBM. But there are other requirements that are needed by businesses, by our customers. And that's where we reach out and partner up. We probably have, oh my goodness, 200 plus partnerships with various companies, various technology companies that we can then lean on and pull in those ancillary solutions to complete that solution for the customer. So I think we're gonna continue going down that path. We're gonna continue making sure that we're partnered with the leading technology companies so we can build that IBM solution for our customer and bolt on the other pieces that are needed. We're gonna continue to grow and enhance our services business because we've got quite a large services business, whether it's implementation services, we do managed services, we have staffing services. I think you're gonna see if we're still gonna continue to grow that business because that is a piece where companies, they don't wanna worry about running all of that stuff. They wanna know that their system's gonna be running 24 seven and if there's a bump or a burp or something happens, hey, they can pick up the phone, they can call Mainline, we can help them get things corrected. So I think we're gonna still see a lot of that going on as well within our offerings. Excellent, well, congratulations for making it through that not every hardware seller, reseller made it through and you guys transformed. It's an inspiring story. Maria, David, thanks so much for coming on theCUBE. Thank you. Thank you very much. You're really welcome and thank you for watching everybody. This is Dave Vellante and our continuous coverage in theCUBE of IBM Think 2021. Keep it right there.


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Surgery plays a crucial role in the management of burn injuries, as it provides the best chance for survival. However, even if a patient survives, they may still face long-term physical and psychological challenges due to their scars. To address this issue, surgeons must focus on improving both the functional and cosmetic outcomes of burn wounds. This paper discusses several techniques that can be used to achieve these goals, including the use of dressings, grafting and tissue expansion. These methods have proven effective in reducing scarring and restoring function, allowing burn victims to lead more normal lives. This article was authored by David G. Greenhulk.


Hey, this is Brett with Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used Wrangler and Jeep headquarters. Today we are checking out an all new 2020 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon in Granite Crystal Metallic. This vehicle has the 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 motor, has the 8-speed automatic transmission. It's going to get you 22 miles per gallon on the highway, 18 miles per gallon in the city, for an average of 20 miles per gallon. This one has the premium audio 8.4 and audio system in it, so it's going to have NAV and the Alpine Subwoofer. Also has the cold weather group which gives you the heated seats and heated steering wheel and remote start. Now we're just going to do a walk around here and then we're going to get up close and check out all the specific options on this Wrangler. If you want to check out all the photos and more videos of this Wrangler in the upper right-hand part of the screen, as they link to our website, click that and check us out there. You're going to get the 17-inch painted in polished aluminum rims with the little red Wrangler on them, BF Goodrich All-Terrain TA KO2 tires, these are LT285 70R 17s, they got an all-terrain tread pattern on them. Of course the Rubicon is going to come with the sway bar disconnect and the axle locks on it, which is what makes a Wrangler Wrangler. You get the Granite Crystal Trail Rated and Jeep badge and logo with the red outlines. The Wrangler Unlimited sticker, the black Rubicon sticker on the hood with the red outlines. You get the lights in the fenders, factory fog lights, the red tow hooks on the front bumper here, comes with the seven-slotted grille, which represents the seven continents that Jeep has been on. You also get the Sport Coal Induction hood there. Granite Crystal, one of my favorite colors on the Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram lineup. You get the Rockrails standard with the Rubicon package, T50 on the doors, which tells you which Torx wrench to use to get the doors off there.  This one has the proximity keyless entry system or the enter and go system as it's more commonly known as. Here's the original Windows sticker, feel free to pause this. I'm not going to go through everything on here, but I will go through some of the optional equipment, which includes the cold weather group, the 8.4 radio and premium audio group, which gives you five years of Sirius XM travel and traffic, Sirius XM Guardian for a year, and it has the factory navigation system. You get the cargo tub liner by Mopar, the plastic door sill guards by Mopar, the all-weather formats. The 8-speed automatic transmission, the keyless proximity entry, and the black three-piece hardtop for an MSRP of 51640. If you want to see all the pricing breakdowns for rebates and discounts on our website in the upper right-hand part of the screen, there's a link to that, our VDP on this vehicle, 22 Highway 18 City for 20 average and four front crash test rating stars and three rollover stars. There's the topographical all-weather format. I love those floor mats in there. I was a geography minor, so I like the topographical stuff. Four-wheel disc brakes on the Wrangler here. You also get, if you look underneath here, you get the red shocks, the Rubicon shocks, the matching spare tire. There's your backup camera. You get the red tow hook, the LED license plate lights, back storage area, lots of room back here. So that premium audio group gives you this Alpine subwoofer. I like that they put them on the side. You get to keep all that space, and you also get to keep the storage underneath here. Here's that cargo liner they were talking about. You also have door hinge, roof, and windshield bolt holders right here, and underneath there are all your jack tools. They color match paint the roll bars here. You get the crushed eggshell finish hardtop piece. Four bolts on each side, three on the bottom, one on the top, to get that hardtop piece off. And then there's two quick disconnects back here for your electrical and windshield washer fluid. They store right there nicely. Now, the glass opens up just like all the JKs ever did. But this back door is a lot lighter, and it shuts a lot smoother. You get the JL badge back here with wheel base and overall length for the two-door four-door and water-forting capabilities on there. See how nice and smooth those doors shut? Get the matte finish metal gas door cover, rock rails on this side as well. And you do get the heated mirrors.  Get the red stitching, the Rubicon stitch backrest. All these have side-current airbags now. Driver's seat height adjuster and lumbar, auto headlamps, tilt, and telescopic steering wheel. Power mirrors, power locks. You notice you get audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. And as we hop inside, you'll notice that this one has the 7-inch LCD display, digital speedometer, outside temp and compass. You get the heated leather-wrapped steering wheel with the red stitching, cruise controls on the right, Bluetooth, and Information Center controls on the left. And remember, you got those audio controls in the back. So this one has the 8.4 4C radio. I got it up on the off-road pages right now, which is one of my favorite features on the new 8.4 is the off-road pages. You notice you got pitch and roll. You also have your accessory gauges right there for your oil temp, battery, voltage, coolant, trans, temp, and oil pressure. Then you got your drivetrain, which tells you if your sway bars are connected or disconnected. And if your front and rear axles are locked or unlocked, if you're in four-wheel drive or two-wheel drive. And then it's a real time. As you turn the steering wheel, it tells you what your steering angle's at, which I think is pretty cool. Anyways, this is also where your backup camera shows up and take note on that backup camera, too, that that's an HD backup camera. Those are dynamic grid lines. They turn as you turn that steering wheel. And that center line hooks up right to your receiver hitch. If you'd have a receiver hitch on this vehicle, it'd be right in line with that. AM, FMN, Serious XM radio capabilities. You also get Android Auto and Apple CarPlay so you can project your cell phone to the screen. So if you have Waze or Google Maps, you can project those programs right to the screen, use them through the screen, and it's like you have your own navigation system on there. Speaking of navigation, this one does have the factory navigation from UConnect on here as well.  You can do your heated seats and heated steering wheel buttons here as well and check out the backup camera without actually putting it in reverse. Now, if you don't like using the screen, you got all the tactile buttons to do it down here, audio and for your climate controls. Start, stop capabilities. You can turn those off. Stability control, downhill assist control. You got USB, USB-C and an AUX jack. Power windows, front and rear, axle lockers, and then the sway bar disconnect. This is really what makes a Rubicon. A Rubicon are those buttons right there for all the off-road capabilities. 4x4 shifter, 8-speed automatic transmission. You get the little Jeep logo right there. You also get the matte finish red dash right there. The front hardtop pieces come off very similar to the old JKs except there's no more screws right there. And then you get LED lights on the interior which makes everything nice and bright in here. Up here, you get the SOS and assist buttons. Those are features that come with the vehicle when you get the UConnect navigation system on here as well as those serious traffic and travel link as well as the serious guardian for your home like buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems. Now we'll take a quick look at the back seats. A lot more room in the back seats than the old JKs. You do get the latch child safety system. I like the designs on the back here, kind of that honeycomb on the back rest there. All-weather formats back here with the topographical design. Two USBs, two USB-Cs, and then a 115 volt, 150 watt plug-in. These seats do fold down almost completely flat. I feel they go a little bit flatter than the old ones did.  And those headrests stay down when you're not using them which is nice, gives you a little bit more visibility out the back. Get the child safety locks in the back doors and we'll do one more final walk around here. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you will have gotten a really good idea of the overall styling and options on this particular Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon in Granite Crystal. And hopefully you enjoyed the video. And to see more pictures of this Jeep or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, half tons, three quarter tons, one tons, you name it, we gotta go to our website, www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact, in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left. A link to more Wrangler videos like this one on your right if you have not been to our website. On the bottom, a link to this vehicle on our website. Click those, check us out and we really look forward to helping you with this brand new 2020 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon with the 3.6 liter in Granite Crystal Metallic. Thanks again.


Oh, here we go. That's a biggin. That's a biggin boys. Oh, look at that Look at that. Oh my gosh. He's freaking massive Wow Yo, what's poppin people welcome back to another video guys We get a banger for y'all today. We caught some freaking Toads in today's video We went to a pond that I haven't been to in eight months and we caught some big ins But before we hop into that I want to show y'all something real quick First things first if you guys want to check out the kick in their bass TV ex lose combos you can check them out on my website We also drop some new merch down there So go head over to kick in their bass calm to get your rod and real combos and kick in their bass TV merch and also thanks to Everybody who supported me with the new halloween drop I've actually got a lot of pictures sent to my email and my Instagram And I just cannot thank you guys enough for everyone who supports the brand Thank you so much. So everybody's always asking me Noah. When are you gonna give away some rod and real combos? Well mock actually reached out and they have a little survey So after this video is done go into the description box down below click on the survey And I will pop up on the screen what you guys can win But it's a lot of mock rod and real combos So if you guys want to check that out after this video is over go do that for me I would really appreciate it but guys we got a banger if you're new to the channel Hit that subscribe button hit the like button if you guys have been enjoying the content We're just gonna hop right into this thing I end up catching me a fall toad you guys are gonna want to see it Put up a good fight. Let's go ahead and hop into it It's been a long time since I fished this pond, but I will say the last time I came out here Smoke them. I mean just destroyed them It was around the springtime. I was catching them on bed I wasn't like sight fishing them, but I knew they were on bed just by the way they were biting Got a lot of big fish and lost a lot of big fish too. I hope they're gonna bite today You know it ain't the springtime right now. You know we're creeping into this fall bite So hopefully they're gonna be chewing on some baitfish as well. We're throwing this chatter dog right here Trying to get a reaction. See what we can do right on the end of that bridge I will say when it comes to fishing Little bridges or anything with a post in it like this is a little walk away. I Feel like a lot of the fish like you can catch them underneath Just like that But a majority Yeah, oh, no. That was a good bite guys That was our first bite today Right there. Gosh Maybe I spoke too soon Well, what I was saying is a majority of the time I would get bit on the ends right here up under the dock But then again, you'll have some days where these fish would be more scattered on them and they'll be in the middle And that was our first bite today It was right there in the middle See if we can get this fish to bite again. I didn't hook them at all. Oh my god. Did you see my rod tip? What was that? dude Did y'all see my rod tip right there? That is crazy how hard that fish is hitting that bait Skipping it right up under there. Come on. Oh, he's not gonna bite again. Are you kidding me? Bro, that was something else. That was the craziest bite I've had in a minute I mean he was slamming that thing just wouldn't eat it So when a fish bites like that, you know a lot goes through my head. I'm like am I throwing the wrong color? You know if I switch colors would the fish actually commit to the bait or the fish is finicky today You can actually see where this guy's teeth are on the back of it right there Usually when you get bit you can check your bait and you can see where it's kind of Knocked up right there. Oh, he actually got it. Look at this. He actually got it a little bit further See his teeth right there behind the hook He pretty much instead of him biting right here and getting this hook he pretty much had it right here on the back end That was something else too. I don't know.  I could either be a good sign or a bad sign to today You know, are these fish gonna eat really good or are they just gonna? There he is right there. That's a different one right there on that side Look at this Hopefully we're gonna get on a good bite. This is our first fish today guys. We got to start somewhere nothing big, but I mean Pretty bass. Gotta love that.  Thank you for biting buddy. He loaded up on a total different bite Than what your buddy was doing under there. Hey boy, tell your buddy to bite. I know he's a big daddy up in there There he goes Oh man Well, there's our first fish guys had to get on board. Maybe we can catch our old big daddy here now But look at that. So we got bit right there. No, it was that one We got slam there three times by that fish. I switched it up and threw under that one And boom first cast had a bite there See if there's one right here too.  Okay This boy, he just loaded up on Oh my Guys, I'm gonna step back a little bit. That was like a that was like the other bite, man You have to follow me out. I know you guys have to be seeing my rod tip do that I mean these aren't Sorry, no little bites. They're just Come on big daddy See if we got any over here on this grass Any grass bass for the grass? Oh my goodness Noah All right, big bass. It is time. We need you to bite In five six pounder right here. Beautiful day outside It feels amazing. He's out here enjoying life enjoying nature, but we need us a five six pounder That we put the icing on the cake right there boys Oh, here we go. That's a biggin. That's a biggin boys. Oh, look at that Look at that. Oh my gosh.  Oh my goodness. He might be bigger than that. That is a mega boys Come on buddy.  Oh my goodness. Did we just speak it into existence? Did we just speak that into existence?  Get him in the sunlight a little better That is a healthy bass right there super fat Chunky that is exactly what we're going for today nice five six pounder hunting for this big bass And we found him, baby See this bite was very similar to that other one. That's exactly what's going on here. All right boys That is a beauty That's exactly what we're looking for Are then big five six pounds of the fat belly like that Fall time, you know these fish are chewing up on some bait And uh, you know that just shows us right there. Then big girls are out. They're willing to bite We just got to hunker down right now and See what other ones we can catch Wow What a beautiful fish. That's what makes you want to get out and do some fishing right there Is when you hook into one like that, you know that first fish we caught he ain't nothing special But i'll tell you he got us started And now we're about to catch some really big ones guys stay tuned hit the like button, baby If you guys are enjoying it so far see what else we can get there we go boys We got today's video started, right? Got two fish already one of them is a freaking tank now. Let me tell you my thought process And and the reason I caught that fish right there, you know my back right now is against the wind We got all this wind pushing up on this bank. So, you know, we talked about it before There's an oh my gosh guys Oh Sorry, I stopped talking because I got was driving by was a little loud So, you know, we talked about it just before these bass were hanging under this bridge right here Because you know all the bait that was coming through and they would ambush them all this Wind right here is hitting that bank And those fish can be posted up on that bank right there and any bait that goes by they're going to attack And you know, that's exactly where we just caught this big one And I just threw another cast over there and I got slammed again. So those fish Or what what the fish are telling me right now is they're loaded on that bank And we need to be paying attention to these banks to have a bunch of this wind And water going up to them, you know, these fish are chewing right now. This is the fall time, you know They're feeding up on bait right now before we get into the winter. That's what these fish do So knowing that we're going into that summer to fall transition These fish are going to start buying a lot better. Now temperatures are dropping air temps are dropping water temps are dropping Bait is out fish are biting That's that's the definition right there fall fishing. Let's see what else we can do man I know there's some more over there. We just got slammed again Um, and I just want to catch another big one. That was fun. That just felt so good to catch a big bass What's up vision? What you gotta say to the people? Had to show a big Steve on the camera. I was actually in Atlanta You know, that's where my family lives And uh, me and my dad, we did a little bit of fishing by the pond next to his house And we actually ended up catching like over 10. We weren't filming. We're just kind of fun fishing And we were going to film a couple videos for you guys when I was in town, but he actually heard his back So You know walking around the banks and doing all that.  That would be a lot of fun Look at that right there.    I don't know why he didn't get stuck right there Look at that boil he left man. That was his head. He's still there. You see that? He just came right right up to me right there. He knows he ain't doing nothing Look at that man. Holy cow. That was a big fish Might have been multiple of them that were following me. I don't think that's Same fish. That's crazy right there Boys the big ones are out today. We just got to capitalize. Come on fishy fishy Fishy fishy That was another one out there guys. I just missed them. What in the world? They're not eating this thing all the way. They're like grabbing the back of it or something man I've had so many bites guys. I just can't Get them pinned. I mean that was the perfect example one loading up on it right there I just think he had the back of it Come on Oh my goodness. Oh my goodness You don't make a boil like that if you need a seven eight pounder That's called big mac daddy. You know that one we caught a second ago. That was his that was his daddy And he's the daddy of his own because that's granddaddy right there.  That's what that was. I'm gonna be real That was either a massive bass or that could have been a carp, but it looked like he was chasing me I don't think a carp would do that I really don't think a carp would be doing on that but Hey, man, you never know That was a big fish though, whatever it was. What do y'all think drop a comment down below Based on y'all's experience and and what you guys have seen but I'll tell you when you walk up Usually a carp can like I don't know if it can just sense you or something But I think there might just be a lot of big fish on this edge You see all this wind coming down. Let's just sit on this edge. Same thing. They're doing on the other bank But they're doing it right here. Whoops. It's about time We got to retire this swim bait put this a new one on if you guys are wondering about the Chatter dog I'm using. I believe this is a three eighth ounce Green pumpkin and to go with this green pumpkin color. I got a little swim bait here If it's got like a greenish brown on top and it's got like a white body It actually fits Very well on this bait. It just looks beautiful. Look at that Look at that right there. Yeah, this is I believe a three eighth ounce I usually can run with like a half but the three eighth is honestly been going pretty good and I can still beam this thing I cannot believe There's not a fish in this corner We fished all the way down this bank all the way as far as we can go I have yet to have a nib. Well, I can tell you one thing that's changed Since getting all them bites as the suns came out I don't know if that's kind of turning those fish off If I haven't seen any activity nor have I had another bite since the sun is peeked through the clouds The conditions were sitting perfect for those bass to roam and chew on bait and you know, that's what they were doing Wasn't like we were catching a ton, but they were biting.  Catching you on the same bait Interesting. Hey, buddy. Thank you for biden. I'll take it. He's a fatty too. Look at that.  Thank you for biden There he goes about to say when I lean back on that fish, I didn't feel nothing. I'm all I knew there's something on there That's just a tiny dude Last three fish so far. Let's keep it going Oh Look at that. That's gotta be a carp Gotta be a carp Okay, that makes me feel a lot better That's what that was earlier both of those times. Oh, he came off dude It's like a two and a half pounder I have a hard time sticking these fish guys. They're just not getting pinned. I'm wondering if it's my hook or if it's Hook's pretty sharp. I mean, I I can't see a reason why That's the case. It could just be how they're eating it, you know All right, I don't know that's weird. I keep missing fish like that We probably could already add six seven fish today if I would actually land the ones that have bit me But you know, that's fishing it happens At least we caught that big big mag daddy. At least it didn't happen on that one, right? That's how we got a look at it. That was crazy. That was awesome right there I didn't even reel my bait. He was already on it. I skipped it under there just done holy cow Look at that fish not a big one, but that's a solid pound and a half or they're just healthy You know, you can tell these fish are feeding up Bellies are so big. I literally cast it under there. I didn't even click my reel yet and he already had it That was one of the coolest bites I've had Quite a minute. Thank you, buddy Actually just about to leave out of here. I was like, I'm gonna try this. There we go. That was pretty slick I wonder if there's another one up in there. That fish was ready He's probably sitting there like I was talking about guys is right on that piling Right on that little wood post there All right Time to get to the next spot. All right, we're at a new pond now See what we can do here I have not fished this pond in a very long time. It almost looks like it's it's so low The water's ridiculously low in here I'm hoping these fish are gonna bite Like I'm looking at stuff out there that I usually never see There's like a pipe right there.  Usually this pond doesn't have a ton of grass either, which is interesting It's a huge flat out here in the middle. Usually a lot of fish Hang on. There's a flat and a bunch of trees. There he is right there instantly.  Calm down. Calm down, Jimmy. Yep. Yep. Come on Yeah, boy right in the nose right there Even a little nose piercing. Oh my goodness. You see that down in his throat I don't know if you guys can see that. That's a little bluegill tail or something some sort of bait fish You've been eating buddy. Thank you. You see he's fat.  He just ain't big All those fish we caught today have just been so healthy. It has been slow today guys I mean we've still been able to get some bites and catch some fish But I did not think I would come to a new pond and get hit that quick I mean, I hope I had another one And that was like my second cast. I'm already getting slammed. That's a pretty good sign That other pond we really had to work for him I mean it probably took me 45 minutes before I even had my first fish In between those other ones probably 30 minutes. I mean it was not It was not an easy thing. So if we can catch them like that in here, I'm gonna be happy It should be a lot. Oh my gosh.  Oh my god.  Let's get it, baby. We doing it now. We doing it now. Thank you buddy for biting Good beautiful fish. Look at that. That's a nice one. You freaking hammered that. There was literally a fish Right next to him. So shallow out here. I can see everything probably shouldn't have stepped in that as muddy as heck Had one right next to him trying to steal it out of his mouth.  I had some other ones hitting the surface, right? Oh my god, I had another one I got another one. Oh my gosh Guys are loaded there. Holy I stuck that fish This is crazy, dude. Look at that right there.   Ah, like this is crazy This is something else I love it. I will say one of the key stories today has been these fish just are not committing These fish right here. I think might be a tad smaller But even the bigger ones earlier they they weren't You know, they just weren't eating it right and weren't getting on that thing I don't know why but you know, they just went want to get it all the way It could have been the color. I mean there's one right there.  Look at this What did we find here?  I mean just look at how healthy these bass are. I'm I'm more amazed by how How good these bass are doing in these ponds and I haven't fished these ponds and A very long time and to know that we can come out here after not being out here in forever And just catch these fish not only catch these fish but see them more healthier than they've ever been It's just a good feeling the last time I actually fished this I fished it with a dove and He caught a few good ones. I had a couple decent ones and he actually lost one. That's probably close to five pounds Hopefully we'll get on some of that here in a second Oh my god, I thought I was just stuck on the bottom or something dude. He is he's going crazy on me right now He should eat it right here That's the craziest thing.   I mean He's a little brute a little brute Mean one you got us a little grass fish for our last fish guys If you enjoyed this video, please hit the like button If you guys want to see some more content comment this down below Let me know if you guys have a suggestion on some videos Let me know in the comment section down below if you guys haven't already subscribed Please subscribe and I will catch you all in the next


Hello friends, I am Sanjay Gupta. In this video, I am going to demonstrate you how you can display this pattern on console using C programming. Before starting, you can look my information, you can follow or subscribe my YouTube channel through this link that is youtube.com slash sanjaygupta underscore tech school. You can download my app tech image that is available on Google Play. Now coming on to the topic, first we have to analyze this pattern how it will be displayed on console. So you can see first we have to print some space and then digits. So here three loops will be required, one for counting row number, second for printing space and third for printing digits. So here we have to identify how much space is required. So I am representing this pattern like this. Here you can see I have mentioned high fun in place of space and then digits. So now I am going to identify number of spaces and digits. So here number of spaces are four and digits one then number of spaces are three digits are two then number of spaces are two digits are three then number of spaces are one and digits are four then spaces zero and digits five. So now you have identified how many times loop will be repeating to print space and digits. So when first row will be displayed four spaces and one digits will be required. So space loop will repeat four times and digits loop will repeat one time. Then for second row space loop will repeat three times and digits loop will repeat two times and so on. So now I am going to implement code for this pattern. You can see here three variables I, J and N are declared. K is also required because I will be implementing three loops. Then printer will print enter how many rows you want to print this message on console and number of rows will be stored inside N variable. Then for counting row number I am implementing first loop which will repeat N times. Inside this loop first I am implementing loop for printing spaces. So I am starting it from one and its condition is J less than equals to N minus I then J plus plus. This loop will print spaces on console. Now understand it. Suppose value of N is five. We want to print five rows. So initially I will be one then control will be transferred to J loop J is starting from one and here condition is N minus I. So N is five and I is one. So five minus one will be four. So this loop will repeat four times and that is the requirement of our code that first time four spaces should be printed. Then I have to implement one more loop which will repeat one time. So after this J loop I am implementing one more loop. It is starting from one. Its condition is I less sorry K less than equals to I and then K plus plus. Inside this loop with percent D I am printing value of I. So you can see initially first time value of I is one. So this K loop will repeat one and I am printing value of I which is also one. Then this loop will be terminated and I am printing slash N for new line. After printing new line control will be transferred to first loop I plus plus. So this time I will become two. Condition is true. Now control will be transferred to J loop. So this time N is five and I is two. So five minus two is three. So this J loop will repeat three times. So three spaces will be displayed through this J loop. Then control will be transferred to K loop. Here value of I is two. So K loop will repeat two times and two times value of I will be displayed on console. So currently I is two. So two times two will be displayed. Then again new line will be displayed. So this way the pattern will be displayed on console. Now I am executing this code. I am entering five. You can see the output. You can compare it with this pattern which is available initially with us. So both the outputs are same one which is printed through code and one it's one which is typed in notepad. So I hope you have understood how I have printed this pattern with the help of C program. If you want to watch more programming related videos you can follow my link that is youtube.com slash sanjay gupta underscore tax school. Subscribe this YouTube channel. Thank you for watching this video.


What is the clearest understanding of the appropriate use of force to defend oneself or family that harmonizes scenarios from the Old Testament up through the early church and how it relates to or differs from the threat of harm for simply being Christian? You know, I don't know of any command that makes self-defense a sin, even self-defense by the use of force a sin. I mean people probably would think of the turn the other cheek passage. You know, the context for that is largely again self-preservation and I think you know you can you can take that choice but what I'm trying to say is that any kind of self-defense doesn't have to be a sort of first resort and so I look at the turn the other cheek command as leaving the door open to not defending yourself at all or at the very least not having it be sort of a reflex you know first response you know kind of thing but when it pertains to other people the text doesn't say turn everybody else's cheek you know especially you know if it's someone in your family someone that you have you know there's there's there's the whole biblical principle of when it's in your power to do good for someone you ought to do it you know from the book of James you know that I would suggest that saving somebody's life is probably a good thing to do for them and you know if that requires the use of force then I don't see anything that forbids that so that I don't I don't see the turn the other cheek thing is sort of this cut and dried no no nuancing possible sort of statement I think there is some nuancing there you know I don't know of any principle that says you know Christians must be willing to be abused in at all times places and manners as well what what I think the point of the command is that that you're not combative you're not the aggressor you know you're not this isn't a first response you know kind of thing you're not looking for a fight you know that sort of thing it mean what Jesus did say and I think this this command largely gets misunderstood you know I've not come to bring peace I've come to bring a sword or you know he tells them the disciples at one point to go out and you know take a sword with them though those are not offensive weapon sort of endorsements in other words Jesus isn't saying well I'm here to pick a fight you know and I'm and I want you guys to go out and pick fights as well the whole idea behind those things is that what Jesus knew that when he came when he started preaching who he was and he knew where it was going to lead he knew it would result in you know upheaval and persecution he knew the early church that was going to be targeted and so he actually advocates in those examples having something with you to defend yourself but what I don't want to see is I don't want to see statements like that taken out of context as far as well now we get this is our first response you know somebody comes after us because we're Christians we're going to go beat the crap out of them you know it that isn't the point at all it's a very defensive posture it's not the first response again but and these things do have a context and I and I don't think that the point of them is either be the aggressor or you know be the doormat you know unto death I mean if it's just you I mean you you know you you can make that decision I don't think you're committing suicide you know necessarily or something like that but I certainly think there's there is good reason to believe again from the Gospels and some of the statements you know I've just alluded to that you are allowed to defend yourself I mean you think back into the Old Testament I mean God there are plenty of examples where God expected his people to defend themselves you know against their enemies you know when they were threatened with attack or serious bodily harm or death I mean you like you're not forbidden from building fences you're not forbidden from having standing armies you're not forbidden I mean you even have the Avenger of Blood kind of thing which is which is a little bit different but again it's it's it's this notion that God isn't repulsed by using physical force for some appropriate purpose so the idea of physical force itself is not repugnant to God so I think the point of a lot of this slang which is again it can't be used to support aggression or again a first response kind of reaction as opposed to defending yourself as kind of a last resort or again to protect others. I think another problem is that Christians somehow think the use of force might be okay for less than severe bodily threat again what when I think of use for use of force and I would when I see it discussed in scripture it it's not just a defense against oh my city government made another regulation and I don't like it so I'm gonna go down there and you know again beat the tarot of somebody or I'm gonna threaten their their family you know and say you can't do that this is a terrible law this is persecuting you know my church so I'm gonna I'm gonna go threaten you with bodily harm I mean that this this is absurd but I mentioned it because we do have some of this thinking in the church you know that the church has somehow been conflated with the sons of liberty or something you know in the revolutionary period you know that we're being oppressed by the king so let's go you know burn somebody out somebody's house down or destroy their property or something like that again these are absurd conflations and I do see them in places in the church we have to see them for what they are that they're they're conflating two different things they're combining two different things that shouldn't be combined so I think we have to guard against that what I'm talking about what I think of the intent of the question is is this situation where you have severe bodily harm perhaps you know threat of death you know kind of thing can you defend yourself and I think yeah you you can certainly defend yourself I mean this whole idea about authority you know Romans 13 we're quick to quote that but Romans 13 of course presupposes that the government is doing good things it's you know punishing the wicked and rewarding the the person who's who's obedient we often aren't in those situations and I'm not going to say that I'm not going to contradict Paul and say those powers that that be are aren't really ordained by God I think they are ordained by God no no government authority I mean just let's go back and think about the book of Daniel you know because Daniel actually has these discussions when he's interpreting Nebuchadnezzar's degree no excuse me Nebuchadnezzar's dream no governing authority gets to where it is unless God allows it God sets up kings and he tears them down so it's true that every governing authority is where it is because God has allowed that but that doesn't mean that God endorses it he doesn't mean he's happy with it it doesn't even mean that it's not under wrath okay in the Old Testament yeah God used Assyria he used Babylon to punish his own people but they were also under wrath I mean their their judgment was pending and it was going to be even worse than you know what he was using them for so I think again we need to contextualize Romans 13 a little bit I mean the apostles themselves said we ought to obey God rather than man you go back in the Old Testament you have the Egyptian midwives you know they were blessed by God because they didn't kill the babies you know Daniel's friends they didn't bow down you know to the image of Nebuchadnezzar and they were you know the Lord saved them when it when you know their their own lives were in peril Obadiah he's sort of a forgotten figure not not the one that the prophet the prophetic books named after but during the time of Elijah Obadiah was the guy who hid the prophets of the Lord from under you know right under Ahab's nose okay God rewarded him for that these are all resistances to governing authority and what I'm saying is they're not contradictory to Romans 13 I mean the rule of thumb is when a governing authority mandates or tries to force you to sin against the higher authority the highest authority which would be God you're under no obligation to obey that I'm sorry Lord I had to go worship bail because the king said so that's not acceptable you know God isn't gonna say oh well I'll give you a pass for that one you know no that's not acceptable and so I do think in scripture we have a principle that there is a time when Christians are are not only allowed to resist you know that sort of authority but they're they're sort of expected to resist that that authority and you might be in a context where you can defend yourself a lot of these contexts of course you can't and you should be willing again to suffer if you're suffering for the right things as you know Peter so often said in his writings because Jesus suffered but you may also run into contexts where you can protect yourself and again I see glimpses of this in the Gospels where Jesus warns his followers that this is what it's going to come to so take a sword with you you know be able to defend yourself to fight off your enemies you know he didn't just go out and say you know when somebody comes out with at you with a sword just lay down there and say where do you stab me somewhere make it quick you know that kind of thing we don't we don't see that but we never see the use of a sword or again the use of a force as a first response or in in an aggressive mode where something you know less than you know life and limb is at stake so I think you can look at scriptural examples and put together you know a picture of you know how we how it's appropriate to respond in certain situations you know we can sit here and theorize and do the do the philosophizing about how it's best to stay out of harm's way and I think sure that's good but you're not always going to be able to to do that so you know I used to tell my kids you know and they're older now I mean they're they're basically grown but I would still tell them look I want you to know that if there is a guy coming through the room or through through the window into your room and you start yelling and dad comes into the room and he's trying to get you I want you to know that dad will kill that guy before he lets him take you I want you to know that your life is more important than that guy's life you know that I that I won't I won't stop and say oh you know I like boy I could I could probably protect my daughter here if I killed this guy but other I can't I can't figure out a way to do oh well you know it's just too bad it's just too bad you know I wish I could have found a less violent way to protect my kids I'm not you know I wanted my kids to know that dad was their defender and he would do whatever it took and again I think we're we're obligated you know to do that in extreme circumstances because it's in the if it's in the


Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States of America and Mrs. Reagan, ladies and gentlemen, the national anthems of the Republic of El Salvador and the United States of America. It is with great pride and unreserved admiration that I welcome President Duarte to Washington. He comes as the elected representative of a courageous people, people who have struggled long and risked much in order to live in a free and democratic country. El Salvador, under President Duarte's leadership, has proven wrong the cynics, pessimists, and detractors of democracy. The Salvadoran people have proven that those who love freedom can prevail over great odds, can defeat the forces of tyranny, both left and right, if they have the courage, commitment, and stand together. It was not that long ago that El Salvador was all but written off by many in this city's circles of power. The communist guerrillas, it was said, were an irresistible force. The cruel tactics of the right could not be thwarted. The cause of democracy was doomed, so they said. Well, the United States Congress came within a few votes of making the predictions of doom a self-fulfilling prophecy. Our request for military aid to El Salvador was nearly defeated. That would have left you, President Duarte, and others who were struggling for democracy unarmed and defenseless against communist guerrillas who were receiving arms and ammunition through Nicaragua. Those of us who have stood in support of the democratic peoples of El Salvador are especially proud of what has been achieved in recent years. Under the most trying of circumstances with your steady hand at the helm, President Duarte, democratic convictions and ideals have been transformed into institutions, laws, and practices. In a relatively short time, you've brought the military under civilian control and helped turn it into a professional and respected part of Salvadoran society, a responsible force for both national security and democratic government. You've reformed the police and set about to improve the system of justice. You have created a climate of respect for human rights and the rule of law. While you were putting in place these fundamental reforms, the communist guerrillas who would impose their form of dictatorship on El Salvador were beaten back. Your brave military forces certainly deserve much credit, but the power of democracy itself deserves credit as well. Democracy is a system that offers a peaceful method of settling differences. It is a system which can incorporate a wide spectrum of views, while at the same time protect the rights of the individual. Our own President Lincoln once said, the ballot is stronger than the bullet. Well, that is the moral foundation on which the freedom-loving people of Central America hope to build a lasting peace. Today, the prospects for attaining this peace, although still far from certain, are better than at any time in this decade. The United States remains committed to exploring any opportunity that could end the violence that plagues the region and permit the people of Central America to live their lives in peace. Silencing the guns is no easy goal, and President Duarte, we both know peace and democracy are inextricably linked. If peace is to prevail, so must democracy. The people of El Salvador know this, having been victimized by an insurgency armed, trained, and headquartered in a nearby country. They have first-hand experience that a government that does not respect the rights of its own citizens cannot be expected to respect the rights of its neighbors. That is why all of us watch so closely the reform process set in motion in the Guatemala peace plan. This process, which ties democratization to the end of armed conflict, is consistent with the proposal made by Speaker Wright and myself. We want to see the peace process succeed. That success is dependent on genuine democratic reform, on respect for human rights, and on open and free elections. It depends on respect for the freedoms of speech, religion, and assembly. It depends on honest dialogue between those who are now engaged in deadly combat. President Duarte, you have already gone the extra mile, literally and figuratively, to bring fundamental change to your country and to end the cycle of violence. Those who are engaged in armed struggle against your government have been invited to join in the democratic process. You have negotiated directly with the leaders of insurgent forces, sincerely trying to find the formula that will bring peace and secure freedom in your troubled land. Others in the region can do no less if they expect to end the strife that ravages their countries. The choice is theirs. As we face the future and determine our next steps, let us recognize that the hope in Central America today has come about because those who believe in democracy have faced reality, made the tough choices, and stood together. In these last six and a half years, through the strength of purpose of brave and farsighted individuals like President Duarte, a crisis has been averted and admirable progress has been made, especially in creating and consolidating democratic institutions. President Duarte's visit permits us the opportunity to take account of the progress that has been made, to discuss our vision of a free, prosperous, and peaceful hemisphere, and to declare our solidarity with all those who share that vision. President Duarte, again, it is an honor to welcome you. Mr. President, Mrs. Regan, distinguished members of the government, friends, people of America, it is indeed a very special pleasure to be received by you on this colorful ceremony. This is the first time in many years that a head of a state of a Central American nation has been received by the United States President on a state visit. I receive this honor with great modesty, knowing full well that this ceremony is an acknowledgement to the democratic commitment of the brave people of El Salvador. Only last week, in your speech to the Organization of American States, you remember the heroic behavior of Salvadoranians on the voting votes. The same line of conduct has remained a steadfast through all these years and has served to build a strong democracy which, although not yet perfect, is muddled after your own. Your constant and unwarranted support for our understanding and for our undertaking has helped us overcome obstacles which at times seem invincible. Your Congress too has worked with us the difficulty roads we had had to travel. For that, we thank you. And today, pieces are a step closer with the signing of the peace agreement in Guatemala early last month. In your speech of the OAS, you stated that the Central American Plan, quote, contains many of the elements necessary to bring both lasting peace and enduring democracy for the region. Close call. You went on to say that there is also a reason for caution. I agree. For this reason, I have insisted that the compliance with our peace plan must be fully verified by the appointed commissions. Here, we will hope that the OAS and its member nations, especially those like yours with the technical capacity, will take an active role. I am convinced that there cannot be peace in Central America without freedom and democracy, which in turn will only be attained to comprehensive dialogue and negotiated ceasefire. I also insist that each Central American President has the responsibility to comply fully within his own country with all the obligations contracted, and that no government be permitted to take only cosmetic or half measures or to excuse his government's lack of total compliance because of difference with another government, not party to the Esquipulas accord. We need to continue to work to bring democracy to all the Central America. I know that the United States has been engaged in this effort, but we still have a long way to go. I encourage you to do what needs to be done in order to assure that the democratic gains are enduring and that the people of Central America are free from totalitarian oppression. You can count on me and my courageous people to be faithful and effective partners in this historical and novel enterprise. And now, President Reagan, let me break the protocol. I've seen through my life many times in which people with hate in their hearts have put fire to the American flag. This time, permit me to go to your flag and in the name of my people to give them a kiss.