Welcome back to the sixth installment in the series Whatever Happened To. In this episode, I am going to take a look at the Intamin Impulse Coaster model. I will analyze why I think they were so popular initially, why I think they declined in popularity, and whether I think we could see more being built in the future. The Impulse Coaster by Intamin is an inverted shuttle coaster that travels along the same track forwards and backwards and is propelled by an LSM launch. The introduction of the very first Intamin Impulse Coaster came in 1998 with the opening of Linear Gale at Tokyo Dome City. This Impulse Coaster is different looking than all the others that would follow, as it actually does not feature a twisting spike, only two vertical spikes where you are looking straight up or down. This is actually the only Impulse Coaster built that has gone defunct as of 2019. I'm not sure why, but Linear Gale was removed from Tokyo Dome City in October 2010 and was never relocated. The next Impulse Coaster would come in the year 2000 with Superman Ultimate Escape at Six Flags Ohio, which would later be renamed back to Geogalake and Superman was renamed Steel Venom. Before Geogalake's closing, Steel Venom was relocated to Dornie Park for their 2008 season, also owned by Cedar Fair, but renamed once again to possessed in 2009 which still operates as at Dornie Park. This is the first of the twist and spike model, which would come to be commonplace among impulses. The front spike is twisted while the back spike is vertical. Next, 2001 seemed to be the height of the Impulse craze, as three would open that year. Vertical Velocity at Six Flags Great America, Screaming Condor at Liofu Village Theme Park in Taiwan, and Flash Vertical Velocity at Six Flags Discovery Kingdom, then known as just vertical velocity. These were all built as the 185 foot twist and spike model, however, Six Flags would have to make significant alterations to the one at Discovery Kingdom due to a city height limit of 150 feet being enforced. For the 2002 season, vertical velocity was modified to feature an inclined 45 degree spike on the front rather than the vertical spike, also adding an inversion there, while the back spike had to be shortened to meet the height limit. For 2002, Cedar Point would open Wicked Twister, which to this day is the world's tallest and fastest Impulse coaster, standing at 215 feet tall and featuring a top speed of 72 miles per hour. Wicked Twister is also the only twist and twist Impulse coaster to be built, featuring a forwards and backwards twisting spike. Another standard twist and spike model would follow in 2003 at Valley Fair, which was named Steel Venom. This is the last brand new Impulse coaster that would be built and opened up to this point. As mentioned earlier, Dorney Park's possessed in 2008 was a relocation, however, I do have to mention that there is a theme park slated to open in China in 2019 that is said to be under construction. They have plans to build a 70 meter Impulse coaster, which would make it the tallest in the world at 229 feet. This makes this episode the first in the series where a model actually isn't completely dead it seems, which also throws it a bit of a curve. Let me explain my reasoning for asking whatever happened to Impulse coasters though. Prior to this Impulse coaster being built in China, 16 years went by since the last brand new installation had been put in. Most of these coasters had been built in the United States, but it seems to me that many of these were likely added due to contracts between Intamin and Amusement Park chains at the time to build multiple coasters from Intamin. Impulses are also much cheaper options compared to many of Intamin's other models. Roller coaster database lists Steel Venom at Valley Fair with a price tag of 8.5 million US dollars, and Cedar Point's Wicked Twister at 9 million US dollars. As far as I can tell, these Impulse models have never been super popular with a general public either. Even on busy days at Cedar Point, Wicked Twister often doesn't get much of a line, even with only having one train. On regular days it is usually a walk on or just a station wait. The biggest reason however that I think the popularity of Impulse coasters have dwindled is the way the industry has shifted. The early 2000s were a very important and influential period for the coaster industry, but a lot has changed since those years, and there are many more options currently on the market that are a much better value for the same amount or less than what these Impulse coasters ran 15 plus years ago. Look no further than RMC with their hybrid conversions, raptors, and topper track models, as well as new Vekoma models like the Bermuda Blitz and Top Gun. These are just a few examples of the plethora of rides that amusement parks of all sizes can choose from currently, and the Impulse coaster just doesn't offer the same bang for your buck that these other models do. I honestly do not see any amusement park in the United States being interested in building a brand new 10 million dollar Impulse coaster in the year 2019, as it wouldn't yield a good return on investment I believe. I think that, like the stand up and floorless models, Impulse coasters are a product of their time when parks were trying to go all out and build these crazy or gimmicky concepts. I am not trying to make it sound like I hate Impulse coasters either. I have only been on Wicked Twister currently, but I have always genuinely enjoyed my experience and find it to be quite exhilarating, especially in the backseat, twisting up 215 feet in the air and looking straight down at the ground while getting some good laterals. I do ride Wicked Twister every now and then because of this, but I think that's a big problem. It's not a ride that people want to keep going back to. They are fun rides, but not worth the price anymore, as they would not see a good return on investment for these parks. They also don't have the best capacity due to only being able to run with one train, though the relatively short ride cycle does help with that issue a bit. All in all, I think Impulse coasters were decent for the early 2000s, when all of these major theme parks were at the climax of the original coaster war and trying to outdo each other and building the biggest baddest rides. These were fairly cheap models from a company like Intamin, who many companies in the US were working with at the time, and took up a very narrow footprint as well in terms of land. However, from a financial standpoint, they just don't hold up anymore. Even with the exception of one being built to open up soon in China, I don't believe this is a significant indicator of the Impulse model making a big return. There have even been many rumors in recent years about Cedar Point relocating Wicked Twister to another park in the chain, such as California's Great America. I don't think that lends much promise to US parks building a new Impulse coaster either. Thank you to everyone who watched this video. I think a lot of people really enjoyed this whatever happened to series when I produced the first five episodes earlier this year, and I know it's been quite some time since the last one, but I really enjoyed exploring some of these models and talking about them as well, and have been wanting to revive this series for quite some time. Please let me know what you thought about this episode, and if you enjoyed this one, be sure to check out the first five installments, which I have in a playlist on my channel if you have not seen them yet. Be sure to subscribe if you enjoyed this video, and be sure to like my page Coaster Daddy on Facebook, and follow me at Coaster Daddy Official on Instagram. Thanks again for watching. This is Coaster Daddy. Bye.


Mali mu, you are a mother, you do a lot, na tu kiangali a body wise hu me maintain atu jona ati mali mu ame change ama ninen so many people like ladies palenjonez ataka kujua ay, nineni me kusahidi aku maintain, nimi mili kila kitu kwa sawa una glow I hope umunani on hae Vizuri sa I've lost weight, I'm very happy No, no, no, I mean, I just have one remedy Radis, just jog, in the morning, that's all I do and I eat everything Aku nanga ati, I'm washing my weight, ati sikuri himi na kura kila kitu, but I jog You know, you have to keep fit, it's good for yourself, for your mind, especially for us creatives Ya, it's like, it's very refreshing Just jog, sena re medisita na kwa bia te mixi, toa haka Hey guys, tukohapa na teacher Wanjiku Eh, leo fahina li tu me umpata at least atumbe ako aje and she's leaving for London to ataka kujua me Amejipanga, VP Hi Yes, yes Muzuri sana Karibu sana Asante sana Kwa ware wanidune toa tisha wajiko? I'm on my way to London We have a show there that is happening at the Royal Regency on Saturday Yes What should we expect? Okay, like us, we are fans to expect nini from teachers Oh my goodness Kwanza, I have to say Randon, you're going to see a dream team to call Sisi Water This is going to be one of the best shows Na mwene anatupere kahuuko, oh my goodness This is a dream come true I think we have always wanted to go all of us together but we've never had the opportunity and what a way to start this new journey all of us as comedians for the first time at least we're going to be, at least five of us on stage and this is going to be one of the most exciting shows and of course to go to Randon Kwanza na furais sana kusubabu MZ3 kiye zingki hendu ya menda Randon So yeh dey ratupere kahuuko atuwa nyeshetujiya Jumi mi nimesuwa ya Amerika So it's your first time to London? Yes, yes, it's my first time being at the UK I'm very excited and I can't wait to see what everything, everything Ya Malimu weni legend sana kwa industry a comedy and you're really doing a good job kuna twenge wiji wiliza Niki tu gani kimi kusahidiya kumente in sana relevant badu wuna tesa wuna huwa wujiwai shuka Ya okay, what I can say I think for me um consistency pays a lot you have to be doesn't mokuwa consistent and a full scarcity you know amari to be scarce I don't like being predictable and most of the time I think that works for me ya consistency and not bring predictable that works for me, yes Okay, I'll maybe tell us what's the feeling right now? How do you feel?  Of course we're in London kuna kitu na expect labda kuwa na kule ama wuki ru di kashoping iwi utembe tembe kidogo Kwanza when I get to London you know London is like Kenya you know is like home everything we do is like home ata masatum yashana masa amawiri I think so it's home so I can't wait to shop of course resima ni piti e duka ire na predesana ya fiktoria secrets resima ni piti e apu na of course I like shopping and I can't wait to see the streets of London arafunia depare uturu kuatu wa rikuwa wana iba wa kiyo wa dowa ya London bridge is burning yoni yu o London bridge ya ma limu you are a mother you do a lot na tu kiyangali a bodu wa isu me maintain atu jona ati ma limu ame change ama nini so many people like ladies palenjone tataka kujua nini ni me kusahidi a ku maintain mili kila kitu kusawa una glow I hope umunani on visu risa I've lost weight I'm very happy no no no no I just have one remedy redis just jog in the morning that's all right and I eat everything ati am washing my weight ati sikuri himi na kula kila kitu but I jog you have to keep fit it's good for your soul for your mind especially for us creative ya it's like it's it's very refreshing just jog si na remedy si tanza kuwabi ati mixi tohaka okay a tu kiyangali a kuna so many comedians tumona wa kijaribu ku weka stand up comedy wa make a shows out to the likes of pinamamito na ati nini kuwa na piti aniki angali a kumetisha tuna uliza tunataka tuone show ya ma limu ya ticha wangi ku at least tuone ama to expect nini from you so we have a very big show coming in November called comedy queens it's a series that I do every year nivira tu kovidi kujeka kutitikisha kidogo but we are gonna do comedy queens this coming November I'm not going to say a lot of details so we just expect it's a surprise yes it is a surprise it's a very big show that is coming and of course and of course karibu ni seme tuna tuna eda Australia thank you guys thank you so much I appreciate it kumaliza kumuza na ma fans wako so my fans if you are in the UK we are going to have a show a performance in East London at the Royal Regency please come and if you need more information just visit Kenya at www.kenyansintheuk you find us there see you in the UK my fans come out there is MCA Triki there is Professor Hamo there is Jemutai there is YY oh please come out get to see us and meet us arriving person alright thank you so much thank you


What's up everybody Jason here for Jasper's case race calm 2022 NT baseball R&B pick a team number 45 cells out these 22 teams in the R&B guys So again guys this teams included is the Mariners Yankees Rays Royals Red Sox Dodgers White Sox Cubs Tigers Astros Mets Padres Reds Phillies Giants Blue Jays Nationals Marlins A's Diamondbacks and the Guardians So again guys you get a piece of all these 22 teams if there is any hits for them We're gonna distribute them via a zero number break go by the first number the left side of the serial number dash and here We go guys Names and numbers roll it It is a three and a six nine times one two three four five six seven eight and nine Called on the Ed. All right three and six nine times zero one two three four five six seventy nine one two three four five six seven eight nine times nine nine eight down to five so car with eight and Zero and one Eric with two car with nine J with three car with seven J with six car with five and Ed We are sorry car with four then Edward five So there you go guys and again. These are all the 22 teams that are part of the R&B I just have it in there for the sorting team But let me just alphabetize this border and make it look all nice And we're gonna do the same thing here For the teams so appreciate you guys coming up next in this every video is the break


This is the 20th session of camp since Dr. Stu and I began in 1982. We will always be here for you, as long as there are children with cancer who need a camp, we're going to be here for you. They've given financial support, they've written letters to many of you and exchanged photographs and the gentleman here in the sweatshirt did a videotape for you and I want you to know that they care about your good health and your well-being as much as your nurses and doctors do and they want you to live your lives to the fullest as much as their counselors, your counselors do and they love you as much as your mom and dad do and now we're going to sing them a welcome song. So, Laura and Dr. Stu and this is our nurse Barbara Britt. This is just for you. We're so glad that you came here today. Now we can tell you from not so far away as your letters and cheers for the past few years. I present to the children of Camp Ronald McDonald for good times the President of the United States and the First Lady President Ronald Reagan. I want you to know that Nancy and I are very proud and happy to be here. Incidentally, we're neighbors. Just a few miles over the hills there a little way why we have a ranch that's very dear to us but hearing what Pepper had to say about love, yes, there is so much love here and we're very proud and happy to be a part of it and maybe you'd like to know that things like this, people like Pepper and these others here who have made this a reality and this camp out of love, this is pretty has been pretty unique and pretty peculiar to the United States. Other countries this doesn't happen. The government does things in the other countries or they don't get done but I thought you'd be happy to know that this year we have been doing a little talking to some of our friendly neighbors in the rest of the world and as a result of that there has been a meeting held in Paris, France representatives from those countries all those countries are neighbors and trading partners and those other countries for them to find out from us how we get things like this done by the people themselves doing it instead of waiting for a government program and so I think we're going to see things like this happening to help people all over the world. You know though I can't resist this I know I only have a few minutes because all of us have schedules and things to do. But I just thought instead of me instead of me going on here and talking just I could only do this for maybe two or three but sometimes you must have said to yourself if I had a chance I'd like to ask him if well why don't you ask me if and we'd have a dialogue instead of a monologue. Who's got a question for the president? Look at their tongue tied. These kids have not stopped talking. But who's there? Michael? On the on the ordeal of what? Well let me tell you he was just he was just back and came to the ranch Thursday and we had a nice visit here he's back was a very strenuous trip over there they seem to like to hold meetings being being meetings like eight hours but I think there is great reason for hope for the first time I don't think anyone's very much this hasn't been said enough that for the it's the first time there has ever been a Russian leader who has actually suggested eliminating doing away with some of the weapons there've been meetings before but it was always to decide well how fast or rate should we agree to build more weapons and this time they are actually suggesting as we have been let's do away with some of those weapons I think and he's come home very optimistic and we're all looking forward to carrying this through to where we can make some start in eliminating these terrible ballistic missiles and my ultimate goal is once we start that ultimately to get rid of nuclear missiles all over the world. Yes well well first I'm going to come back to the ranch and do some writing but I think there are some things to to be done you know someone once said life begins when you begin to serve well I think by virtue of holding this job maybe there's still some useful things that I can do one thing I have thought about the possibility of writing a book so that you can get the true story of what's been going on and but I think there'll be some things of that kind and still continuing to help and worthy and good causes Nancy can I tell them on you what Nancy said just say no in answer to a question from a little girl in school who asked what do you do when someone offers drugs and she said just say no today there are over 12,000 just say no clubs among young people across the United States oh yes well I was pleased to and I appreciate your writing thank you I think I think I'm getting the signal that I've been here too long if there was just one more and then I would quit yes well well Nancy takes good care of me she tucks me in at night and tells me to put something warm on if I start to go outdoors without it and so forth but no to tell you the truth and incident this is just for all of you and I know how much this means I was always in athletics I went to summer camps I like that very much and we have a little exercise room there in the White House we set up and every day when I come up in the office why I go into the Nautilus machine and start to work on some of the weights and so forth there and it does very well Dutch well with an Irish father and a mother that was English and Scotch I if I hadn't heard the real story myself I wouldn't know how I came to be called Dutch Reagan but my father would come home and I guess I was rather a chubby chubby baby and he would he would refer to me as the Dutchman and how is the Dutchman and having an older brother the rest of the kids in the neighborhood it stuck and I grew up with the name of Dutch Reagan thank you so much all right thank you we've got two more songs children will escort you over there we've got two more quick song by the way I cannot reveal the contents but we got another envelope from the president to help support our camp pretty wonderful uh stew is our program director stew Grossman come on stew one of the prerequisites of being program directors you're not allowed to use microphones you have to have a very loud voice so but I also am a little superstitious I don't want to talk about things until they happen


Ever heard the old phrase, strike when the iron is hot? Well, it's never been hotter than now. All this month at Appalachian Wireless, you can get the Samsung GS6 or the GS6 Edge for just one penny when you send them for service. The Galaxy S6, normally $49.99, now just a penny. The Galaxy S6 Edge, normally $99.99, now just a penny. Strike now while supplies last. Better service, bigger savings, serving you for the last 25 years at Appalachian Wireless. An elderly woman was killed in an early morning fire in Williamson Thursday morning. The Williamson Fire Department was dispatched to a residential structure fire on Wilson Street. Upon arrival, firefighters encountered heavy flames coming from a front window. Neighbors told officials the homeowner was believed to be inside. The guys initially started rescue mode. They packed up with their SCBAs, tried to form a search to find her. Was encountered with a lot of heavy fire in the bedroom. According to officials, the fire was contained within 20 minutes and no foul play is suspected at this time. As of now, a name has not been released, but the home is occupied by Jenny Blackburn. She was a good person, a good friend. I've known her all my life. Thursday morning's loss is already laying heavy on the hearts of Williamson. I wish I could have done more. I wish I could have, I wish I could have got in, saved her, at least done something other than just sit there and look at the fire. It's just kind of a sad day for us. It's been two and a half years since we've had a fatality and it's never a good thing. The Williamson Fire Department was assisted by the Chatteroy Fire Department, Williamson Police Department, and West Virginia State Fire Marshal. Reporting in Williamson for EKB News, I'm Shelby Steele.


The Delta State government has shut down a primary school in Asaba following the death of a 19-month-old pupil, Obinna Udeze. The victim died from injuries sustained by teacher Emeka Moubo, who reportedly flogged him on Monday, leaving marks on his body.  His health condition deteriorated until he eventually died on Saturday morning. The Delta State Commissioner for Basic Education Chika Osai said the school was not approved by the state government. Meanwhile, the accused teacher is currently in police custody while investigations are ongoing.


So I had the pleasure to talk to a lot of startups and people and this whole conference and the last days And I learned so much about India and like this whole Generation that grows up with a mobile phone suddenly right and then everybody's talking about this and like sign up was before The conference was like now everybody is shutting down their mobile web stuff And like that's kind of the topic of the conference is all shit Then like what do we do and like so the joke was well taken actually Like the clear-trip talk I think like a few of the things that I'm going to talk about actually vibe with that a lot And I want to pick up on a few things that I heard before so let this be the meta refresh roundup web versus native Sorry for the dramatic entrance, but I thought that was appropriate When is the mobile web good so this is kind of a quick summary of all that I've seen and Witnessed in the last days about when do you do mobile web? It's an immediate need. It's an impulsive need can happen in the browser really quickly the person is on the go Meaning it doesn't have access to an alternative. It's a lightweight app or application that needs to be executed at that moment as Little commitment or no commitment required from the user which can actually increase engagement in some ways There's little complexity in the app faster cash was a great example. It's like so one-step process in a way and like very very Little complexity wears like shopping specifically grocery shopping for example is like you a lot of items in your cart And like that has higher complexity it's a one-time transaction and you don't know when you're going to do the next one it's infrequent in that sense and You have a need for faster duration meaning you can update it right away, right? On the other side when is a native upgrade there's a repeating need the customer needs to come back you will he's on the go-to There's higher complexity heavier code. You rely much more on experience, you know animations and these kind of things The user actually benefits from committing as well There's performance requirements by the app. So you have direct access to the hardware The engagement needs to be higher meaning you make money out of engagement through ads or something like that You need access to the sensors of the phone and you want to use the marketing channel app store Which is very important for the reasons that you just hear that like there are a lot of people that grow up And they look first for a solution on the app store before they actually find the browser So I throw in another one for you know Good measure when is the desktop web good? Well, it's high complexity. You have much more space So you can visualize complexity a lot better. It's for high commitment of the user side Nobody is gonna buy a car on your mobile phone, right? That's something that you usually do with others together and you compare prices you go for and back And it's like a really important decision lots of money involved, right? You want to be in a controlled environment where you have a bit of quietness and like you can think in That moment desktop is really really great and mobile is really really bad All right, that's why most people like I build an online grocery shop in Singapore called Red Mart at the time From the website perspective and we saw this that people put into cart on mobile and 60% of those people that do this actually check out on web Meaning they go home and then they review everything that they did and see if they forgot something when they have a moment of quietness on A bigger screen with more white space where they can see everything better and that's where they check out 60% yeah, so they are 40% that check out on mobile But of 100% of people adding to cart on mobile 60% check out on web So they do this on the go they add stuff that comes to mind whenever it comes to mind and then they buy it at home right and Again, you have a need for fast iteration and this brings me to a final conclusion if you're looking forward to create a startup or a Product or anything a project How do you start today specifically in this country and I would say Like that and I've few reasons out of everything that I just said You can really easily upgrade a mobile website through media queries and attach new things when you have more space That's actually much easier than creating a complex desktop experience and trying to get things out for a mobile screen So this way you find yourself actually having just one code base, but already supporting two experiences in a way and Much better than the other way around You have immediate broad accessibility everybody has a browser right and I don't mind educating people a bit that it exists And there's not only the app store modern Mobile browsers are actually more modern than desktop browsers, you know IE and stuff you don't have to deal with that problem You can use technologies like flexbox and a lot of others that help you creating lighter code bases that actually work a lot Faster on mobile and you can do that if you do mobile web first Okay, there's opera mini and others, but I would actually consider having a separate text only Code base for those guys Because that's the fastest and gives people the best performance and experience You can wrap it if you really want to put it into the app store and you can fix things fast because when you are young When you just started you don't know what you're doing So you really want to not lock yourself into one experience and then be stuck with it You want to update again and again and again and again, right? So that's it. That's my five minutes Roundup on web versus native and I hope that gives you a little bit of a funnel and therefore also on I think Adam was his name flipkart Like that they shut down mobile web I think that's really just because they don't have enough people or something yet to maintain that channel because I think mobile web even for I Don't know why even for like even if you offer just a piece of the experience Like and just a subset of functionality. You might help some people with it, right? So if you can afford it and it makes business sense Like you want to keep that open in a way because it's just another channel It's like they will have offline brick-and-mortar stores at some point Maybe they don't know that yet, but it's just another channel, but it's another user experience entirely So, you know, I don't think you should take it out of the equation just saying thanks


OK, frequently Hello everyone. Ah, I'm Robert Carasek, I'm student from Slovakia, and today I will talk about next generation of warrocks. The main idea of this project was introduced by my mentor, he's a well know person in the community and warrocks community. And this new test suite was developed on Google summary of code internship. Mám hodně zvukovat škoda, tedy zděláme se na aplikativné věci. Ono zvukovat, že je to vyspět. Vyspět, že je to vyspět. Ať mám si to vytvěd, jestli je to na návět na věci. Ať mám si to vyspět, protože nejde na věci. Odpět, že je to u věci. Ať mám si to vyspět. Ať mám si to vyspět. skvělého správou byla s testovalová Lua Rockůho nevířskou. To bylo obči vním na niżém trasu nezapravěřeném scané dvění sodarů, kterýho chybíš jako se vyvířel s dvojším Lua Rockům. Na tohle je zvukovat. The script continues into tests, but you can't check the output of tests. If you make some error during the execution, the script will stop and you can't continue the other test. There are so many issues. Svěděl, že se v tomto všechny obyvěděl v dnech, takže se na to zámalo, že je to vždyšké zvukovat, které se nabijí, že je to nezvukovat, a že se to všechny obyvěděl, že je to zavědět, že je to závědět, že je to závědět. Prostě, takže se nabijí, které se na app věřili, a těchto věřili jsou na app věřili. Někdy návěřili, návěřili jsou věřili, které se na výmově věřili, takže jsou věřili těchto výmově věřili. Doste jsi nějaký idej, co jsme věřili, co jsme věřili, co jsme věřili? Jsem věřil, jsou jen je vidět ne Managerie, nesuppotik Энни glaubéte neersé z plotkem, ne risque jsme jen do rán sustain principle, nebo já mám hřichtitap. Protože nemohu se, díky má o modeledité, a je vycházit, je highlight tohle. Vyjedra těchIstí před výš delicé, chtěl po léstě. Bylo to na kováče systemu a servicí. Všechno nevědělo, že jsou tím, že vám se věděla vědělá vědělá text. To je tak vědělá, že je to vědělá, že je to vědělá, že je to vědělá, že je to vědělá, že je to vědělá, že je to vědělá. A to vědělá vědělá vědělá. Ideá for black box testing was the same in the new LVROKS test suite and Video environments stay same. There is one minimum, which has just basic modules for Warhawks and full environment got something like LWASC and others. We wanted to upgrade multi-platform, not just to make some trivial test on Appware. We wanted to run all test on Windows, not so all, but mostly which can be executed on Windows. First time I was like, why do we need to make this? Because I don't think command line users are executing it on Windows. During the summer, I saw every week some issues on Windows command line. So it's really working and people are using it on command line windows too. The best framework for making this happen was Bastit. It's, I think, most known unitesting framework in LWA. It's a multi-platform based on describe and eat blocks. I think every language has a similar framework. You can do asserts, mocks, asynchronous test, output, hand link, which is really good. You can implement your own library for that. For us, the best functionality is script execution before tests, because we built the environment before the tests. We want it all implemented in LWA, Bastit work with Moonscript 2 and the output languages you can change. Structure of new tests is really simple. The first folder is test, where there is LWA script for built environment. There is some small script to build Moxserver, which I say later, it was used for the Blackbox part of this project and to test upload functionality. Other subfolder is test files you can add there some rocks, specs for your project, for your unit test. Next folder is spec. This is like from documentation of Bastit framework. For each module you have a spec file with your unit tests. You can use tags on your unit tests. For example, we used some tests for windows, some tests for unix. Some special cases has a hashtag with the number of pull requests. If you are now developing some bigger part of LWA rocks and you want to pull your request, it's good to make a unit test for it. The test for first view, it looks like quite hacky, but in the main describe block you just write what you are going to test. As we can see, we are testing the install part of LWA rocks. The first test is just install LWasek module with skipping dependency checks. This is a Blackbox test, so you can imagine, you type it on your command line in your terminal. Something like LWA rocks install LWasek, you add your libraries, add your flags. These you assert in Bastit framework. For example, we can see if the environment is just minimal. We are not testing build of LWasek, so we test it like execute show LWasek. This should return false because LWasek is not in that environment. For better check, we check the library if there is something with LWasek. The next test, as I mentioned, was to sample request 631.2 and we can see that there is if condition, for example if there is Windows operating system. It's really easy, you can just open some test, read it for 5 minutes and you get into it. The mock of LWA rocks server was based on LWA rocks upload command because it's possible to test it with white box, but we want to stick the first idea test LWA rocks on Blackbox level. This is how we created some mock up server of LWA rocks. It's using rest server as module and has some basic get methods with the responses for your unit test. If you want test upload command on Blackbox level, unit creates some responses into this file. It runs in background during the execution. It could be executable on Travis, but it's not for Windows users. The biggest step for this test was to make it multi-platform. On OSX we don't have any big issues. There are some new if conditions, I think mostly for the WASOCAT module and the bigger problem was on Windows platform. You need to change quotes, some commands, rules in their command line. For example temporary directory, it's not the same and other problems. You can use it on AppWare or on your local Windows command line. You run mostly the main test on Windows 2 and get good coverage. But new issue was merging of these results. You get coverage from Travis and you get coverage from AppWare. There is no easy way. I don't know for sure, but last summer there was no way to how to merge these results on coveralls. So we changed the service to CodeCo. CodeCo is merging these results.  So now if you send some pull request to Larox, it's going to CodeCo. Execution on Travis is on OSX, Unix. I think there are versions of Lua and Logit and on AppWare it's quite the same, but some tests are skipped. Funom issues, like I mentioned before, the rest of tests can be executed on Windows platform. We get into problem with Outpad on Windows. You don't see the consequence. You see the Outpad random and on AppWare is the same. We increased the coverage of Larox before it was less than 80%, now it's 88% of coverage. I think this is everything. And if you have any questions, yes, if you have any questions, please ask. And thank you. I have a question. Sorry if I missed that, but what's your target coverage? We didn't, the question was what was the target coverage. We had a goal to increase this coverage, but there wasn't some point. We need to get higher like 80 or something. We spent a lot of time on that Windows platform, so on that coverage I don't have so much time because we really created the new test for Larox just at the end phase of development. 80% is very good. The main functionality is covered by the black box test on two environments. What's left to be done for this project? Next to be done, so increased coverage. If you make some pull request, you should make some unit test for it to increase coverage to have more stable Larox build. I don't know, maybe fix some that Windows issues, but I'm more unit oriented, so I just do the basic on Windows really. It wasn't so easy. So you're looking for good Windows developer to help you? Yes, of course. This test suite is really using, so if you are a Larox developer, someone please make it better. I saw the web server, was it something called REST server? Yes, it was. You require a web REST server, but what is it? This is just a basic HTTP server. Question was... What is this REST server module? What is the REST server module? It's just a basic HTTP server, which is some kind of mock or some basic Larox server, because when you upload your modules to Larox, you need to get some response. You can mock it easy with busted on white box level, but if you want to make it like black box test, you need to have some HTTP server running behind. Is it the library that you use? Yes, yes. Is it part of Larox? It's another dependency. Before this test, this is some special test. Before this test, we built that server running in background, and test are executed, then we stop it, and that's the short description how it works.  Any questions? Thank you very much.


So Anastasia has the new format of Facebook business pages that I don't even have yet because sometimes they take years, two to three years to roll out a new feature. And this case, this is the case here. So you're trying to find the list of your followers because now instead of fans, they call them followers and they've integrated. If they basically brought together the whole fan slash likers to followers, they integrated those numbers so that you just have one number now. And you have some followers that might be spam followers, you know that might be bots or spammers and you're trying to figure out how to remove them. So I am, you know, I don't have access to this new format. So, so we're going to play along here and see if we can figure it out. First of all, can you click on 1.2 K followers and see what shows up. So you are able to see at least some of the some of the yeah so you are able to see your followers. Right. Oh no you can't. It's unavailable. Oh, that's not that's not very helpful is it. Switch profile. Ah, okay. So this is very helpful that we just saw you do this because I wouldn't have thought to do this on this new format. So, okay, now you can see followers. Okay, so now next to the follow. So, next to the followers, can you click on three dots, we're not going to remove anybody, but click on. So you can, you can block or block. Yeah, no, report. So here's, here's what I'm not totally sure of. If you block someone, I'm not sure if you're blocking them from following your page or if you're blocking them as personal and stuff and Astasia, because I just tried blocking a spammer from my one of my reviews. And when I blocked them, even though it was I'm working on my business page it actually blocked them as George Cal personal profile. So, I'm not sure about that but you can try blocking and and see if if you block enough people whether your numbers change 1.2 K down to 1.1 K at some point. Does that make sense. So, so that's one that's one possibility. The other possibility the other in the old format we used to go to the edit page or the page settings. If you click on the three dots on the top right or not top right just on the right side next page edit page yeah. Oh, yeah, I'm sorry one more thing sorry sorry. Click away here. There's three dots next to search. Can you try that. Manage blocking. Okay. So that's interesting. Click on that and see. I'm sorry I don't want to reveal who you blocked so I apologize for that, but you can you can technically type a name. If there's a specific person you want to block. You can type a name and click block. Oh, click block followers on the right side. And try this everyone. No, I don't think so. No, no, it's not blocking everybody I think it's blocking specific people does it. It doesn't do it doesn't click at all. Okay. All right, well. Okay, so you could see here that we are still in your business. Oh, and now it's up. Okay, now it's up. Okay, so it took, it took like 30 seconds for the for to come up. Oh, you should be able to click the checkbox is next to certain people and click block. I guess. Okay, so try try one. Do you is there one that you absolutely think might be a spammer. I blocked everyone that I felt like they were spammers. Oh, so I don't have someone. My, well, my initial intention was to remove likes that were like family members and people that don't resonate with my message.  Yeah, just click on the X on the top right. Okay, so you can see here is this once you block someone that person can no longer see things you post on your timeline tag your page invite your page or start a conversation with your page. Okay, so I believe that what this means is they cannot find your page anymore. So they are no longer one of your followers. Yeah. So there you go. So I basically I think I gave you two ways to block and one way is coming here. And then the other way is here with a clicking the three dots. I think those are the same thing. And if you want to test it out you can block someone from this dialogue, and then go into the other dialogue and see if they've been there listing as one of the blocked users. Yeah. So, yeah, I was hoping to find a way to not have to block them, but I guess there's no way anymore. Right, right. Yeah, there's some. I just, yeah. I'm sorry I'm sorry you said you were finding a way to what to find a way for the friends and family. I was trying to find a way to just remove them from the likes, not to block them but to remove them from likes. Yeah. I wonder how it's going to be shown on my Facebook feed if I share something from my business page and they are blocked. They won't even show up. They won't show the post, they won't see the post at all. It's like it never appeared it's like it never existed for them. Okay. Yeah. Okay. Thank you. You're welcome and thanks. Julia had posted a help article. Yeah, in the, in the chat and I'll put the help article below so I thank you Julia for that. Apparently, there were instructions there. And I didn't, I didn't, I just, I just assume, you know, I guess when it comes to Facebook I just kind of play around I don't read instructions I just kind of play around. And usually it works. Yeah. Great. Thank you.


This is the Bitterford City of Bitterford's annual Earth Day recycling event. We're here as members of the Conservation Commission. We're promoting voluntary yard smart best management practices for people to use on their lawns and gardens. The city already does best management practices for all the public properties and we think it's a good fit for private property owners to start doing that on their own properties. We're members of the Conservation Collaborative. We advise the City Council and the Planning Board on environmental issues when everything comes before those two bodies. And we've been working with the Conservation Collaborative who they've done a lot of research for us. Working with them, we've put together some handouts. We have free soil sample kits for people to test their soils. We have some other information on just the ten simple steps to follow when you're maintaining your own properties and links to the information that's available on the state website as well. And we have the Solid Waste Commission who's selling composters for people to use as fertilizer instead of using chemical fertilizers. And it's also kind of a general waste disposal for things that you can't put in the waste stream but the city sets this up so that people can bring those things here today and have them properly disposed of. The soil test kits, you take samples in your yard from the lawn, from the garden and then send them to the lab in O'Reilly and they will analyze it and they'll tell you what your soil is composed of and then recommend if anything is needed to be added or subtracted they will give you some suggestions on how to go about correcting that for the proper balance and when possible to use organic materials rather than the synthetic chemical materials that all end up in the water supply and are affecting the drinking water and the fishery viability. Many properties don't need extra fertilizer or other chemicals. Also there's a real safety concern, a health concern with using pesticides and herbicides and insecticides. Those are not natural, there are natural ways to combat those type of pests but they're very expensive to use the chemical process so what we're asking people to do is just try and follow the nature's course of managing property to have a nice yard that they can go out and enjoy and feel safe in because these chemical insecticides and pesticides are known to have adverse health effects especially on children and pets. They're much more susceptible than adults are to exposure to these chemicals. The Conservation Collaborative is a wonderful organization. Most of the members of the Conservation Collaborative are Land Trust in New York County and Cumberland County. We're the only municipal organization that's a member. We're the first conservation commission to join them. We work closely with, we have local Land Trust here, Soco Valley Land Trust. Maine Audubon is very active in this area so we work closely with these other organizations looking at what we can do as a team. We all meet as a board every other month and there are a lot of things that come up during these meetings that I wouldn't know about just acting as the chair of the Bitterford Conservation Commission. They provide a lot of great information, help with disseminating information to the public. It's an umbrella organization focused on conservation. If people want to know more, they can go to the Conservation Collaborative website. They're on Commercial Street in Portland, 217 Commercial Street. Their phone number is<PHONE_NUMBER>. I call them often.


Hello everyone, welcome to Options with Doug, streaming live daily on Bookmap Discord and the Bookmap YouTube channel at 1.30pm Eastern Time. Before I get started, I need to go through the disclosures. General disclosure, all Bookmap limited materials, information, and presentations are for educational purposes only and should not be considered specific investment advice nor recommendations. Risk disclosure, trading futures, equities and options involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors. Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results. The focus of my presentation and the focus of the Options-Doug chat channel in Discord is options, order flow, the impact of options markets on stocks and futures, and the influence of market maker hedging flow on price action. I have a two-step process for trading and the first is positional analysis. Planning, I use positional analysis. I look at how traders and market makers are positioned in the options market and how those positions change from day to day to develop a thesis regarding the expected trading range and volatility for the day as well as a directional bias. And the second step of my process is execution. And I look at real-time order flow in Bookmap and real-time market maker hedging flow in SpotGammaHero to confirm my thesis and for setups for entries and exits. And just to be clear, I will be talking about setups and underlying assets and those setups can be taken any number of ways with futures, shares of stock, or options. My analysis is based on the options market and the setups again can be taken with futures, shares of stock, or options. Questions and comments are welcome and I will be watching the chat in Options-Doug chat channel in Discord as well as the chat in YouTube for your questions and comments. Hector, good afternoon to you as well. Glad you're here. My agenda for today. I'm going to go over, first of all, news items, economic data and events for today and the rest of the week. I'll go over my positional analysis and then I want to do review some setups from today as well as one from yesterday afternoon that was setting up right as my session was finishing. And then we'll take a look at the live market. All right, let's get started. First of all, news items, economic data and events. The primary events for the week have been the testimony from Jerome Powell before Congress yesterday and today and really the gist of it appears to be that Jerome Powell is looking for a potential more rate increases later on. All right, let's get started with positional analysis now and I'm going to take a look at some charts. I'm going to start with the S&P 500. This is the S&P 500 futures in Bookbap showing another range day today and before I take a closer look at this chart I want to take a look at a larger time frame. I'm going to start with an SPX chart. This is in Thinkorswim showing this is a 30-day one-hour chart. Again, this is just SPX and I have a number of levels on this chart. Let me point out the key levels. Draw your attention to first of all the dash purple line showing the lower and upper weekly expected move. This is based on the options market and note that SPX has been trading down just around the lower weekly expected move and then this dashed blue lines are showing the lower and upper daily expected move. So this is for the day and SPX is trading inside that range above the lower daily expected move and below the upper daily expected move. There are also some spot gamma levels, key gamma levels on this chart. First of all, here's the put wall at 4000. That is the strike with the largest net negative gamma that can be expected to act as support and the next level of interest is the volatility trigger that is spot gamma's proprietary gamma flip level. Below that level, market makers position on the gamma curve is negative. In a negative gamma environment, market makers have to trade with price to hedge their delta exposure and that tends to enhance or increase volatility. On the other hand, above that level, market makers position on the gamma curve is positive in a positive gamma environment, they have to trade against price to hedge their delta exposure and that tends to subdue volatility and right now, SPX is trading just slightly above that level, above the volatility trigger. The next level of interest is the 4400 level and that is the absolute gamma strike. That's the strike with the largest absolute negative and positive gamma and then finally, the call wall at 4500, that is the strike with the largest net positive gamma and that can be expected to act as resistance and as far as shifts in levels go, for the SPX, the volatility trigger did shift higher so it has been shifting higher all week or the last couple of days from 4295 to 4310 and now 4355. So again, SPX is trading just above that level. Let's take a look at one other chart and think or swim. This is SPX, this is a one day one minute chart, just showing the levels that are in play for today. So the dash blue line showing the lower and upper daily expected move and then the purple line is the lower weekly expected move and note that did act as support earlier today and then here's the volatility trigger at 4355. SPX is trading slightly above that and that level more or less acted as support this morning. All right, so simpan asks, SPOT gamma provides the SPX lower and upper weekly and daily expected moves so SPOT gamma does provide levels. That's not what I'm using here.  Let me show that quickly. Go to SPX, go to an options chain and I'm getting that information over here. So for example, this number right here right now at plus or minus 24.6 that would be the daily expected move for tomorrow. So that's where that information comes from. You should be able to get that from any trading platform with an options chain for SPX. All right, and for weekly actually I have a script in think or swim. Let's go back. But you can get this from an options chain as well. I just have this script. So these lines right here. So this is the lower and upper edge of the expected move for last week. And note that SPX traded again massively above the upper weekly expected move last week. And then the purple lines again are just showing that what I lay over on top of this. So you can get this information if you have a script or it comes from an options chain as well. So pretty easy. Just add and subtract that from the closing price. All right, let's take a look at book map now. And a book map I have Hector asked that script is on pin message no. That is not mine to give away. I got that from another organization so it is not mine to provide to anyone else. All right, let's take a look at book map now. And I have a couple of levels, columns of levels here. First of all, this is the spot gamma cloud notes. And then I have my own C levels, cloud levels. This is what I'm using. So I have this SPX levels and JEC, I don't think the script that I'm using is freely available. Unless you're a member of the organization, the trading organization that I belong to, then they make all of their scripts and all of their information available to members. That's where I got it. I won't mention the name here. It's probably easy to write. You may write your own, but it's, again, this is not mine to give away. All right, let's move on. So what we have here is, first of all, the SPX levels. So there's the volatility trigger that somewhat acted as support this morning. And then the SPI levels. There's the 436, large gamma 2 level. Also the SPI 435 absolute gamma strike. And note that level did move lower from yesterday. It moved down from 440 yesterday to 435 today. And that has been a key strike in recent days, mainly acting as support. All right, so those are the levels that are in play. So again, primarily the SPX, 4355 volatility trigger as support and the SPI 436 large gamma 2 level acting as resistance. And we'll talk about setups in a few minutes. So those are the levels that are in play for today. Slight shifts in levels for the S&P 500. Volatility trigger for SPX shifted higher. Absolute gamma strike for SPI shifted lower. All right, let's take a look at NASDAQ now. Note here, again, S&P 500 trading in a range today and much more of a trend day up today in the NASDAQ. So levels that are in play for today in the NASDAQ. Let's take a look, first of all, at a chart showing the levels for QQQ. This is a one-day one-minute chart. And really the level to note here is this volatility trigger at 364 and price is really after the sharp move up at the morning of the first 30, 45 minutes. Price is really oscillated up and down around that level. Let's go back to book map now. Go back to NQ. So levels that are in play above the 364. So again, I've got my cloud notes here and I'm showing QQQ levels and also there's the upper daily expected move. That's for NQ and also the NDX 15,000 level that did act as that cluster of levels did act as resistance earlier today. So that's the 65 level for QQQ, upper daily expected move, and the NDX 15,000 level. And note now that NASDAQ is above, trading now again above its lower weekly expected move. All right. So those are the levels that are in play for the NASDAQ. Again, we'll look at setups in a few minutes and note that bullish order flow has been very bullish in NASDAQ today. All the lines in the sub-charta rising, CBD, cumulative volume, delta rising, large traders buying with iceberg orders shown by the rising light blue line and then also buy-stop orders, fueling the move higher and the numbers here, cumulative numbers all showing positive for the day. So very bullish order flow for the NASDAQ, although I did post a short setup. I'll talk about that in a few minutes. I posted that just because of the large divergence in hero and price action. All right. So that's the NASDAQ, shifts and levels for NASDAQ. There were no shifts and levels for NDX and then for QQQ, the only shift was the put-wall shifted lower from 362 yesterday to 355 today and Sampan asks from options chain, can it calculate for any equity daily expected move? So if you're just using an options chain for equities, most equities now have options that expire at the end of the week so you can't get a daily expected move from the options chain unless you're looking on Friday. But that is easy enough to calculate. Just you can do a Google search for options expected move and you should get the equation. It's just price times implied volatility times the square root of the days to expiration divided by some people use around 250 for trading days or you could use 365 or there are other ways of doing that. So maybe JEC can chime in on that. All right. So that is the NASDAQ. I've talked about shifts and levels. Let's take a look at the Vana model now to see how market makers are positioned at the beginning of the day and we'll take a look at these. So this is the Vana model. We'll take a look for SPX, SPI, and QQQ. What this chart is showing is market makers delta notional or delta exposure on the vertical axis and how it changes with price shown on the horizontal axis. There are two curves on this chart. The light gray is showing how market makers delta notional changes with changes in price only. So what this is showing is as price increases market makers will need to sell futures to hedge their delta exposure. So that's typical of a positive gamma environment and then this purple curve adds implied volatility to the equation. So that's showing how market makers delta notional changes with changes in price and implied volatility and that change in delta with a change in implied volatility is the Vana effect and hence the name of this, the Vana, and that's a second order options Greek. So this is showing as price increases market makers will have slightly less delta notional to hedge as predicted by the delta only curve. On the other hand, as price decreases they will have significantly more delta to hedge as price decreases and this is typical on the left side of this curve of a negative gamma environment. Alright, let's take a look and see where SPX is trading now. I've got SPX at 43.71. So let's see if we can find that on the chart here. So that's somewhere between these two lines right here, so about right at this intersection. So while this is showing and note that SPX is still in a positive gamma market makers position for SPX is still positive and this is showing there may be a slight tailwind as price increases and as price continues to increase market makers will have to start selling futures. Then on the other hand, if price decreases from here market makers will need to sell futures to hedge their delta exposure and that could accelerate any move lower. Alright, let's take a look at SPI now and note that SPI gamma notional is negative. So this curve is more typical of a negative gamma environment and SPI is trading around 4.35 right at that absolute gamma strike. So that's right here also at that intersection. So this is showing as price increases market makers delta notional will decrease and they can buy back some of their short futures. On the other hand, price decreases. They will have to sell futures to hedge their delta exposure. So right now market makers position on the gamma curve is negative for SPI. That means that traders are long puts market makers are short puts and as price increases those puts will lose value market makers delta notional will decrease and they can buy back short futures. Let's take a look at QQQ and gamma notional for QQQ is also negative. Right now QQQ is trading around 3.64 so right around that volatility trigger that has been central today. So note that for QQQ let's see I'm going to go take a look at book map let's see where we'll take a look at QQQ here. So QQQ at the low today was just above the 3.60 absolute gamma strike. So that's right around here where I'm holding my cursor now. This is why it's so important to understand how market makers are positioned. So this is the starting point right here this morning. Market makers position on the gamma curve was negative and as price increases market makers can sell some of their short NQ hedges as those puts lose value and their delta notional decreases and they can buy back their short futures their short future hedges. So that was definitely helping to fuel the rally this morning that's called a put banner rally. So again for QQQ market makers position on the gamma curve is negative traders a long puts market makers are short puts as price increases market makers delta notional decreases and they can buy back their short hedges and that was again helping to fuel the move higher in NASDAQ this morning. Let's take a look at the data behind that and I'm going to take a look at gamma notional. Hold on just a second. So I'm going to take a look at gamma notional for SPX, SPI, NDX and QQQ. As I mentioned, gamma notional for SPX positive but definitely lower than yesterday so gamma notional has decreased the last couple days for SPX still positive and for SPI that number has become more negative starting on Tuesday and becoming again more negative now down to minus 1.368 billion and NDX I don't pay a lot of attention to that's pretty insignificant compared to the other numbers and then gamma notional for QQQ is negative and that has also decreased from yesterday. All right so Hector asked could you tell me if I understand correctly futures is more risk for handling a big capital on position where options allow you to move high capital with less risk? I think for escalating fast is better futures and then invest through options make sense? No I'm not sure I understand your question so let me just clarify what I'm talking about. Traders buy and sell options and market makers in the index products the S&P 500 and NASDAQ market makers buy and take the other side of those trades so they're buying as if traders are buying puts market makers are selling puts and that's a positive delta position so they have to sell futures to hedge their delta exposure that's the most efficient way for market makers to hedge their delta notional so that's all this is traders buying and selling options market makers take the other side they want to remain delta neutral so they have to buy and sell futures to hedge their delta exposure so this is with market makers that's what I'm talking about now so this is the basis of my planning my positional analysis based on this I was still looking for more of a range day in the S&P 500 or potential so that's based on SPX by quite large negative gamma notional but definitely for the NASDAQ QQQ gamma notional also negative so this move higher especially looking at the gamma curve for QQQ makes sense of the put van a tailwind for the move higher in the morning and also just dip buyers coming in so let's take a look I'm going to go back to thinkorswim here so this is the S&P 500 we can take a look at NASDAQ and you can see that the magnificent seven I guess with the exception of meta are all moving higher so when these stocks are green NASDAQ is going to go higher this is the bulk of NASDAQ well over 50% it looks like all these stocks are participating except Nvidia and Meta and a very strong day for Amazon we'll take a look at that in just a minute so red pan to ask please have a word on why you prefer QQQ Vano model rather than NDX we can take a look at that I normally don't look at the Vano model for NDX just because the options position for NDX is not very large you can just see by this gamma notional here that for spy for example we're talking about 1.37 billion versus 8.5 million for NDX so NDX and especially even compared to QQQ at 389 million is insignificant I just normally don't look at the Vano model for NDX yeah NDX volume is low it's a big index bit ass spreads are wide now I do look at the hero signal for NASDAQ that combines NDX and QQQ but other than that I don't look at the NDX Vano model this QQQ Vano model provided much more of a clue about the potential the rally potential today in the NASDAQ you'll combine with them we'll see in a just a minute when we look at review some setups from this morning we'll see that call buyers were back in the in the large cap tech stocks alright so let's start with some setups now and let's go to the S&P 500 first what this chart is showing is SPX price shown with the white line and the hero signal shown with the purple line and this is showing options trades and market maker hedging flow for a combined signal for the S&P 500 SPX spy XSP and ES futures alright and this is showing a very strong correlation between this total signal and price action today this is something that I haven't seen this quite this close correlation in quite a while let's take a look and I'll take a closer look at this chart in a minute first let's take a look at the individual component so first of all SPX straight up traders are taking positive delta positions in SPX they have been all day and spy pretty much the opposite especially starting in the afternoon so SPX was positive and this number notional value for spy negative and then ES futures also positive like SPX so let's take a look at the combined signal now zoom in on this chart talk about setups so really the way to go today was long and it took a little while remember SPX we saw on the book map chart and also on the SPX chart chopped around the 43.55 volatility trigger well for about 10-15 minutes this morning before moving higher and note that options traders came in just a couple of minutes later note by the rising hero line confirming that that move higher so in the morning there were hero was confirming long-end short setups so here would be the the short set up hero makes lower highs price makes slightly lower high so that's around 10.30 which is kind of a typical turn around time the close of the first hour and then a reversal higher again just a few minutes later right so let's go take a look at book map now look at the SP500 and actually before I do that before I forget I do want to do a follow-up from yesterday so this is I was talking about this right at the the end of my session yesterday right around 4.30 watching ES move up between the 4.30 4.36 level the spy 4.36 and that is also the SPX 43.76 level and then the spy volatility trigger and I believe what I said was I was looking for a reaction a move at 4.37 or 4.36 so what actually happened is first of all let me point out that there were some traders in here this is shown by the liquidity in the book map heat map showing that there are some larger traders were in there with sell orders front running this 4.37 volatility trigger and note that price did reverse almost exactly at that level and there was a stop run up into that level and then aggressive sellers started coming in and moved price all the way down to the 4.35 level that today that's the spy 4.35 level that is now the absolute gamma strike so that's the setup that I was watching yesterday and that played out really as I expected that spy 4.37 level acted as resistance and price moved lower and if you missed that initial entry here was a pullback for another good setup for the short setup and note at that point that the order flow was pretty clear to read that sell stop orders were in aggressive sellers shown by the falling stop line and the cumulative volume delta alright so that's from yesterday then let's get back to today so today we're looking for a long setup from this morning let's zoom in on the morning session and we'll go over this quickly and get to the get to the live market volatility trigger aggressive buyers started to come in and actually one of the keys to this setup probably the key to this setup were these iceberg orders actually coming in before the cash open or right at the cash open that's shown by this rising light blue line let me scroll over just a little bit more before the cash open even around 9 o'clock large traders coming in with iceberg orders so that's shown on the sub chart by that rising line and also here these are large orders over 2,000 contracts multiple executions here are 700 contracts and that is often a very good sign that price is going to go higher some traders are in there buying with iceberg orders here's another one 800 contracts a lot of executions so there's your really the first clue and then after the market opens we saw that traders started options traders started taking positive delta positions and then the reversal lower at the 436 large gamma 2 level let me just scroll over a little bit so we can see this and note how these spy levels are so important we just saw yesterday that the 437 volatility trigger almost to the tick acted as resistance and then here's the spy 436 level that's a large gamma 2 level acted as resistance so that was a target for the long setup in the morning and then resistance and this looks almost identical to the setup from yesterday afternoon that I just showed lower high there's your entry point for the move lower back down almost to the cash open price just above the 4355 volatility trigger alright so long short and short setups this morning in the SAP 500 alright so Sam Pan asks what is 9 and 30 signifies in these orders I believe that is so the E stands for execute so the first number there you're showing 800 contracts executed and my understanding is that is 9 transactions so if I zoomed in if I spread that out I would see those individual transactions but as I zoom in and look at a larger time slice of time in book map it aggregates those into one number showing the number of transactions so I believe that's what that is you can check in the book map knowledge base to confirm that alright so that's the SAP 500 let's go to the Nasdaq now so Nasdaq this morning pretty easy read note the bullish order flow I've pointed that out before and price reversed higher right at this NDX 14,800 volatility trigger so there's the supported at level the reverse whole higher just at the cash open price took off straight up straight up shot from the cash open let's go take a look at hero see what options traders were doing and yes that means that 800 executed and 2493 executed yes let's take a look at hero for Nasdaq and just like the S&P this is S&P 500 this is a combined signal NDX and QQQ so this is showing that right from the open we'll look at the first couple of hours of trade here right from the open options traders taking positive delta positions and price follows higher so there's the long setup in this morning the thing was just moving so fast try and find a way to get long alright the second setup is a short setup and this is what I posted in discord is this divergent setup now I really didn't play out very long but it was a clear setup showing the sharp drop in hero traders taking profits with their options or starting to take negative delta positions for whatever reason and then price followed and there was a break below the QQQ 364 volatility trigger and that was good for I don't know 50, 60 points or so in the Nasdaq alright so let's go take a look at book mount zoom in on the morning session just these first two setups so here's the blast off from the 14,800 volatility trigger NDX right at the cash open find a way to get long looks like there were some pause at the QQQ 363 level note the very bullish order flow shown by the rising icebergs volume delta and stop orders so there's the long setup and price starts to chop around the chop around the 364 level and order flow kind of levels off stop order CVD and then price breaks below the 364 level again as options traders really around 1015 negative delta positions and it took maybe 20 minutes or so but price finally follows lower breaks below the 364 level and again good for maybe 60 points in Nasdaq but again that was short lived and of course again with this bullish order flow trade Nasdaq was definitely long for the most part today let's go back and take a look at hero and let's just see what zoom in a little bit here so in the morning traders were buying calls and buying puts call buyers were winning this notion of value around 418 million versus minus 332 million so slightly more positive more positive notional value for call buyers and again we saw the bullish order flow in book map helping to definitely confirm the long setup now it looks like options traders are starting to fade this move we'll take a look at the life market in just a moment I'm gonna go through some stocks quickly so here's Amazon that was the brightest green on the thinkorswim heat map call buyers so call buyers are back in Amazon helping to drive price higher helping to drive Nasdaq higher we'll go back to book map take a look at Amazon that went with me to take a look at let me know and RJ says Amazon call wall holding this far and that is correct 130 is the call wall for Amazon and it's doing its job acting as resistance so it was a great target this morning for the sharp move up as traders were buying calls and let's just take a look at a hero again we'll zoom in on this chart so here's the call wall at 130 and note the blue line for puts they are selling puts but that is pretty insignificant compared to the call buyers and really the call buyers have somewhat leveled off right around here so it became slightly less aggressive here and then price has again found resistance and RJ says would you consider selling 130 calls and I would not sell naked calls in Amazon if you want to if you do want to if you assume that level is going to hold perhaps a call spread so I would not sell naked calls in Amazon but a call spread would be I guess a valid trade and I might go I would have to look at an options chain but I might go up maybe a couple of strikes just to give yourself a little breathing room let's take a look at meta and in the morning call buyers were in there in meta and that's shown by the rising orange line, rising price let's take a look at Microsoft a little bit more clear in Microsoft call buyers definitely in from the open and they continue to buy calls again I'm looking at the rising orange line the 340 level, the call wall potential target up above maybe not for today let's go take a look at book map we'll go to Microsoft so there's the 340 call wall above pretty sharp move this morning up to the 338 level and then price gradually moving higher making higher lows as price tries to get up to the 340 call wall alright Truman wants to look at Tesla so we'll take a look at Tesla and let's go to hero so in Tesla traders are buying calls and selling puts and I think there was news for Tesla today I think at some analysts downgraded Tesla yesterday another analyst downgraded Tesla today and for the call the call buyers put sellers options traders doesn't matter any dip they're going to to buy in Tesla alright let's take a look at book map and we'll get to Netflix in just a moment second wins alright so here's Tesla and hero let's take a look at book map so pretty good rally today and in Tesla moving up toward the 265 liquidity and that would make it about a 15 point move higher in Tesla alright so I'm going to move on to Nvidia and we'll take a look at Nvidia in just a moment the first thing I want to take a look at is Netflix and Netflix I do not have in book map so we can take a look at the hero so as usual there's a pretty strong correlation between hedging flow options trades and price action in Netflix so net overall slightly traders are selling calls and buying puts both the both those numbers notion of value or puts and calls a negative alright let's go to Nvidia so far today in Nvidia traders are selling puts and buying calls let's take a look in book map nice uptrend in the morning let's check on gamma levels so the only spot gamma level in play today is the 430 key gamma strike and that appears to be right where Nvidia is trading right at the 430 key gamma strike alright let's go back and check on the live market we'll take a look at S&B 500 first so right now ES is heading back up to that 436 spy 436 level that it act as resistance earlier today and to me this order flow is not especially bullish other than looking at the the short term at the volume dots so this kind of looks like a small stop run up to this 436 level and I can see that with this green dot plus just all the aggressive buyers coming in you can just see all the the green volume dots again this looks like the setup that we were looking at around 230 yesterday afternoon except it was a point higher in spy at 437 let's see what options traders are doing go back to hero the total signal S&B 500 and they are buying they're taking positive delta positions let's just take a look at a 30 minute rolling window period so I would be be a little cautious here if I was looking for short with this rising hero line here and again we're on a 30 minute look back period let's take a look at Nasdaq so Nasdaq this is showing a different picture again remember we're on a shorter look back period showing that traders are starting to fade this move options trader taking negative delta positions hero making a series of lower highs let's take a look at Nasdaq so Nasdaq up at a this is the level that has acted as resistance earlier in the day more or less remember Nasdaq it's a very big very volatile can often overshoot levels just a bit but this cluster of levels here the QQQ 365 upper daily expected move and the NDX 15000 level has acted as support earlier so right now we know that options traders are taking negative delta positions but order flow still appears to be very bullish so if I were looking for short here I would definitely wait for a lower high to confirm that with Nasdaq it moves enough that you can definitely wait for a confirmation time is up we're keeping eye on SAP500 at potential resistance and Nasdaq at potential resistance so now it looks like the SAP500 has broken up above that level and larger traders are fading that move with iceberg orders not huge size and buy stop orders helping to fuel the move so that's it my time is up for today I want to thank you for your questions and comments Sampan, Hector, Red Panda and Discord Truman and Second Wins thank you all for watching thanks for your questions and comments and I will see you tomorrow thanks bye


On second page, you will have a question-air, and I request all of you to complete it, but instead of the words yes and no, which you can find on page six, please write down the words agrees or disagree, to be simpler. Instead of the words yes and no, please write down the words agree and disagree. नहीं को पाहली ऐस टिकाता कर्टिक्राथा आयी, और आद, फिर्ग पाहली दिसकरी को विए लग़िया है? नहीं को अपरने क्स्दी के ना, नहीं से पीनाय के जब क्सरिच्सी क्यार्ते है? Monsieur, have you reached the officer ticket questionnaire? Yes! On the very first sheet, at the top we have said take mark yes or no that you can replace with agree or disagree. So, any of these that you wish to discuss, please feel free to take it up right now.ください, to students is not required, what is your reply? Do you think it is required, not required? No... रपयों अगदार, आठा हुए समझा, वी खर विषे। लिग कि समस्थाउ थॢि़ठ और आप आप आब उखुए। रपयों,गर और रहाम क्यों समझा उथे, कुडते लगताँ समझा, किकनाब ओन उदी, कर रहाम में, को में, क्यों समझा रहा मैं?  तुशी ने चाहते है आपकोई मुन्मग। So I was very curious to know what is this positive penalty. तुब यह को नहीं तो मैंगे ढागि है। And you know what they gave him to do? तो सी मार जीग तो क्सी थाब और अर्ज्ज तो पुटिन तो सोछल वोक। To give him some X number of hours to put in social work. 你were have this NSS here, so in that they asked him to take charge of a certain component, and to put in extra time. And I believe he has done such outstanding work. He has thrown his heart and soul into it to show that he is very penitent. Plus he got involved in a very positive activity. And they are saying now, the problem has been totally resolved. So essentially it is not about, i am not talking about freedom. अभी वाज़ा था तुछ़ाते, आप दोज़ा थे यह तूगते ओगा,lling of freedom, limitations, those have to be set up. उनक जो ज़ाते है में देखाता, तुछ़ाते है, और दूँ तुछ कि यह खाँवाग़ा तुछ़ाते है, we definitely are talking about how we treat our students. यह नी ज़ोनाचर्यस, यह मौस्थ लगताज़े श्धाम् यह आप त़ी अस दूड़ों और दोते हैंना और उखुर्च़न्त्तेस ना तो इश्ब मुँआना लग्गात्रू, ऐसा दिविदर्फुित at the feet. वैंगित तो बाज़ांग के तुश्डिए्थ , तुश्डिएथ, तुश्डिएथ, नहुड आप च्चित, अग़ा और ठापा अचित तो सक्षोडित इए और नहुड फ्माज़ाई और दोच्टिन-देद है, यह पार फ्राशात यह तूँग्गे कोतीसकं को बतिँद्च आँा कि मैं सेरी वायास्टरी बूए अगर हैं। आद काई मैंगा कती औगर मैंगा कि उनेर.  आट्यान जरी फीरेु ही आभर, आब आभर बारुष्याग लगा है। determinant of freedom for them that the student is not to touch me the student is not to abuse me whatever the student is to be in this way or that आप आज, आप आज ती, सब सब ख़़ करुएश उसे तो इसी परज्जाचाद्या, न तो बगर्ठाज, य Harmonia are helping us out and so from that angle it is nice to be courteous to them. We cannot be discourteous to them.  ती शावरे डिखन। they send in the corridor. तो स्वत कंी नहीं मुँले only ya Angel । त्त� flash । अंपरके थे आप से खुछ मैं धच Australia है आभ।। equity caste yes for the next class we have to can be informed only by some students and you need to be prepared to be informed when you are going to get to know people. So, that is the question to ask. Ok, so we go on to 16 to 20, if you are going for class then of course the schedule is known to people but if it is outside class then it is good see to inform our office that I am going to be away. वंपने 2 कि मुना है। translates into the word would be, the meaning of the word, when you phone someone, when disagree, disagree. Yeah, disagree. Yeah, which is a 25, you disagree with 25, corrected assignments and test papers should be written to students within 2 weeks. Within 2 weeks, within means the appellament, within 2 weeks, it can definitely be less than 2 weeks, but not beyond, ईब नदिएक वाँ अबना मुदर तांग क। और फ्श्कार्इठ को कुएदियर बाचाख करते हैं नहीं तॉंगा, ईदिएक दीवाँ ज़ के कुएदियर ज़भरेँ कुएदियाइ मुदर कोगी का जी से फ्रग आचदाँःै और प्यद मुदर तांग कोएगा जीधन क्� after that you can sneeze without covering your mouth you can yawn loudly or without covering your mouth but I see many people do that it's not alright to pick your nose of belchin public yes or no but I see that also so we have to guide people not to do that you can comb your hair at your office desk there are some who carry a pocket comb in the back pocket yes but you see there are some who show their back pocket with the comb so that's another thing you know please don't show it there maybe somebody else will flick it out from there and use it okay sorry pocket comb then hide it inside the pocket it is half jetting out of the back pocket it's okay not to return money borrowed from friends in fact once when I joined here somebody borrowed money from me it wasn't a colleague but somebody there and then he never thought of returning it to me so I didn't know what to do about it so I just kept quiet because it was very new and then as I grew friendly with the others one of them cautioned me hey ex has a habit of borrowing money be careful I said your warming has come just a little late but I'll be careful okay now 40 to 45 okay we have to tell others of our achievements otherwise they will not know of it what do you think of this I'll tell you there are definitely forums in which we can do it like there might be a newsletter there might be an appraisal form where you fill it up or you might take the step to make a presentation to the entire department on some work that you have done so indirectly you may show to people what work you have done but boasting about our achievements is not well mannered


Hello, welcome to the NPTEL course on an introduction to programming through C++. I am Abhiram Ranade and today's lecture is about data structure based programming. So let me begin by saying that simple programs are about atomic objects and by atomic objects I just mean numbers or characters. So for example, we wrote programs to calculate the sign of a number or the GCD of two numbers. So these are what I might call simple programs. More complex programs and perhaps most programs are about objects which are collections or sets or sequences of objects. So there may be sets of students we are dealing with in our program or maybe some set of disks in the plane, some set of taxi drivers, but we are no longer just talking about one or two objects. We are talking about lots of objects and they even might have some relationships amongst them. Now of course these programs can be written without the standard library which we learnt about in the last lecture and typically we will represent sets using arrays. With the standard library we have a much bigger choice. So we will represent sets using vectors, strings, maps and these are just more convenient ways of representing sets and when we say data structure based programming what I mean over here is programming which involves things like these vectors, maps and so on. So when we talk about sets there are different variations possible. So for example the elements of the set might be a pair. So for example we might be storing pairs of the form name and the roll number of that student. So this is very nicely represented using a map data structure or a map class in the standard library. SL in this lecture is going to be in standard library. Another possibility is that not only do we have a set of objects or set of entities but they may be ordered. So you may think to yourself that this is the first entity or this is the first object, this is the second object, this is the third object and so on. In such case the standard library vector class would be extremely useful. On the other hand if the relationship is not first, second, third but just that this comes before this, this in turn comes before this other one and so on. So there is just an ordering relationship in which case the standard library class called order set, actually it is just called set but by without any prefix to it it means implicitly ordered set that class will be very useful or that data structure will be very useful and we are going to see this very soon. So in this lecture we are going to study some additional data structures or additional classes from the standard library and these are going to be the set and something called a pair. Then we are going to see how the data structures are implemented. This is going to be just about a remark because going into details would be quite complicated. Then we will see how these data structures can be composed because the real power is obtained when you can compose these data structures. Then we will see a simple primitive called type def but all of this we will see in the subsequent segments. So we will take a quick break here.


Telegraphy, telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of textual or symbolic as opposed to verbal or audio messages without the physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus semaphore is the method of telegraphy, whereas pigeon post is not. Telegraphy requires that the method used for encoding the message be known to both sender and receiver. Many methods are designed according to the limits of the signaling medium used. The use of smoke signals, beacons, reflected light signals, and flag semaphore signals are early examples. In the 19th century, the harnessing of electricity led to the invention of electrical telegraphy. The advent of radio in the early 20th century brought about radio telegraphy and other forms of wireless telegraphy. In the Internet age, telegraphic means developed greatly in sophistication and ease of use, with natural language interfaces that hide the underlying code, allowing such technologies as electronic mail and instant messaging.