But when I hear you talk, I feel like I'm listening to someone who still doesn't believe we're in a crisis, and I think we're in a crisis. This session is on the global impact of Australia's wildfires. We're not here to talk about the wildfires, as much as how do we overcome this problem, how do we fix this problem that we've been, you know, that is a global crisis. We know the area devastated twice the size of Belgium. We've all heard about the massive damage to humans, you know, communities. Wildlife and nature has been appallingly hit. But we really want to focus here on how to stop this thing happening again. Very, very happy to be joined, and proud to be joined by Mateus Corman, Minister of Finance, Leader of the Government in the Senate of Australia. Carlos Alfonso Nobre, Director Research of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. And Dr. Nobre, I'd love to hear your views and bring you in to talk about your experience studying forests and their link between climate change and what lessons will you be learning.  The format, as I said, will hopefully be interactive. We encourage you to ask questions, make comments, just stick your hand up, and I'll find a good way of bringing you into the conversation. What we generally do is start with a round of questions, just to introduce our speakers and get the conversation going. So if I may, Minister Corman, I'll start with you. As Finance Minister of Australia, what steps are you prepared to take to bring down the country's climate rates at the related risk in the future? Well, I mean, Australia is taking effective action on climate change. We are one of a handful of countries that is on track, not just to meet but to exceed and beat our emissions reduction targets, agreed to in the Kyoto by 2020 by more than 400 million tonnes of CO2. Not many countries can say that. We are on track to meet and beat our emissions reduction target agreed to in Paris by 2030. And yes, the top line, emissions reduction target that we locked into, 26 to 28 per cent. But when you assess that on a per capita basis, Australia is a large continent, comparatively small population, 25 million people. On a per capita basis, we're reducing emissions by half, by 50 per cent. That's higher than it's more ambitious than countries like across the European Union, Canada, New Zealand, Japan and others. And indeed, in terms of emissions intensity in the economy, emissions per unit of GDP output, we are committed to reducing emissions by two thirds. So we believe that we are very ambitious. I mean, obviously, climate change is an issue that can only be addressed effectively at a global level and all countries around the world need to contribute. And we believe that we are contributing, guided by a desire to pursue policies that are environmentally effective and economically responsible. And we believe we're doing our bit. And on that point, it sounds like everything's on track. Are you having reflections upon that past month or the two months and the forest fires we've been having? Is that going to trigger any kind of change in policy? Well, obviously, in the context of resilience to climate change and climate change adaptation, I think that there is certainly more that we need to do in terms of... I mean, generally Australia has been, you know, is well prepared to deal with emergencies. But this was a particularly devastating, extreme bushfire event. I mean, in Australia, Australia has experienced bushfires for thousands of years. Indeed, indigenous Australians have conducted back-burning operations in a regular, methodical and very sophisticated fashion along before a European settlement of Australia.  And there is certainly more that we need to do to deal with managing the events when they occur in a nationally coordinated fashion. I think the Prime Minister in this bushfire season led an unprecedented nationally coordinated emergency response effort. And indeed, we are providing significant investments in terms of the bushfire recovery period with a $2 billion fund directed into helping fire-impacted communities obviously rebuild for the future. But into the future, of course, there is more that we need to do in terms of adaptation and resilience. And what about restructuring the economy? We need to green-growth one of the big watchwords of this meeting. Well, I mean, Australia has got a great potential to contribute to emissions reductions globally. And it's very important that the policy choices we make don't make it harder for Australia to help reduce global emissions. And let me say that a black coal out of Queensland, for example, which is lower in ash and lower in moisture than other options are being burned in developing countries around the world, can make a contribution to help reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. So every ton of emissions producing LNG in Australia helps to reduce global emissions by five to nine tons, where it displaces particularly dirty, environmentally inefficient coal sources.  The projection is for that to reach 50% by 2030. And indeed, our per capita investment in renewable energy and clean energy is more than twice the level of Germany, the UK or France. I mean, again, people need to keep into perspective. Australia is a huge continent with a comparatively small population. I mean, when I speak to my family and friends out of Europe, I mean, having grown up in Belgium as a kid, there seems to be a lack of perspective on how big Australia actually is. I mean, you mentioned that an area twice the size of Belgium burned down. And that's, of course, mentioned in the media. We always should tell you this. No, not sure, but let me also just make the point that Australia is 256 times the size of Belgium. And I mean, it's about 2% of the landmass of Australia has been impacted by those fires, about 0.4% of our population. I mean, it's devastating for those communities. And obviously, our heart goes out to them. And on behalf of Australia, let me express our deep gratitude for the support, assistance and friendship that we've received from countries all around the world in the wake of these devastating bushfires. But it's important to also look at these things objectively and assess them objectively so that we can prepare our responses objectively. Some great points, which we'll undoubtedly come back to. Lynette, let's go to you first. You said, if I remember your speech correctly, I believe you said we've seen the unfolding wings of climate change. Yes, that is. Let's unpack that a little bit. And I'll talk about your confidence in how we can avoid this situation and what needs to be done at the government level, what you'd like to see done at the community level, because, as the minister said, this requires all of society coming together to make Australia more resilient to the disasters that befall it. Well, last night I focused my speech on leadership, because I think that that's what we need. You know, this is... We can talk about these figures. We can say 2% of the total of Australia. We can talk about 30,000 koalas just from Kangaroo Island alone, lost in the fires just most recently. So there's the statistics and then what it means on the ground. And what I feel when I hear... I'm sorry, Matias, but when I hear you talk, I feel like I'm listening to someone who still doesn't believe we're in a crisis. And I think we're in a crisis. I don't think that these fires are representative of all the fires that we've ever had. And I feel like we're... I know that the analogy is not correct. The frog in the boiling water is disproved scientifically, but I feel like that's where we are, where we keep saying we're adapting to something without jumping out of the pot by what I mean taking action. And I don't want... I don't want to be listening to how we're using our figures to meet these targets, but not actually responding to an emergency that's happening. So I think we can make the assumption... I'm making the assumption that we're living in a crisis and maybe the minister will disagree. So what do we do about it? What do you want to see done about it? I want to see leadership from the top that we can follow confidently. So we have a prime minister right now who's saying, we'll do this, we'll do that, but we won't raise electricity prices. I will pay more electricity if it gives me the chance to use renewables and it shifts us away from this trajectory that we're on. Power, power, that's anything else. We can, of course, as a right to respond, but let's keep the conversation moving. Look, anything that's going to help... I really feel that the point is leadership because people will manage any sort of change if they have to. And I think that the conversation is continually around economics and never around the things that we value. We love our environment in Australia. We love the animals. We will do very many things to keep those things protected. And what I would love is to see leadership from the top, which we can follow. The communities on the ground are doing what they can. But we all know we are better. That's why we are here. We all know we are bettered by positive leadership that actually accepts what's happening and not trying to kind of always suggest that it's really not that bad. OK, so less numbers more... Less numbers, more listening. I'll let you get back to this, but first, let's move to Professor Nobre, who's not Australian, but has acquired over his professional lifetime a huge immense knowledge on the linkage between forest and climate change. And I want you to step in and give your considered opinion on what needs to be done, not just for Australia, because we have forest fires everywhere. Not everywhere, but in numbers of places in the past six months. Devastating impact on the environment globally. So let's not just focus on Australia here, but very interested to hear what your prescriptions are. Yes, devastating forest fires everywhere. In mid-latitudes and subtropics, also the ecology is adapted to fire historically for millions of years. However, we are changing the basic state, and really the Australia bush fires show that we are very, very close to a tipping point. Climate change is making higher temperatures, extreme droughts, much more frequent. If we look at Australia, you know, six out of the 10 most severe droughts and warm years were in the last 10 years. So this is climate change. There is very little doubt that what we are seeing unfolding is due to climate change. I'm not going to get into the meteorological complexities, why this is happening in El Nino becoming more intense. The Indian Ocean Dipole becoming more intense. This is meteorological jargon, but those things are happening. The big question is if repeated situations like that happen, the forest will never have time to re-adapt. So that's why, you know, and most of the Australian scientists, very reputed scientists are saying that for over 10 years. If we are unable to stop climate global heating, many ecosystems will disappear in the future. In Australia, of course, a very short-term measure for adaptation is recovering from this 60,000 square kilometer bushfire. Keep in mind that the fire was so intense because the temperature was so high, flammability was so high that a large portion still being assessed of those forests, particularly Eucalyptus forests, died. They are not only slightly affected, they die. So there will be, and I think this will be, a good experiment. Australia will have to start the largest forest restoration project in the world. That's a good point, Professor, because we probably heard the President of the United States mention earlier this day that his country was supporting an initiative being led by the forum, in fact, to facilitate the planting and restoration of a trillion trees this decade. But we need to do things differently, right? Is it restoration? Is it replanting? What are the lessons and how do we plant forests and create woodland spaces that are less vulnerable in the future because we know that global warming is here? Well, again, for middle attitudes of subtropical ecosystems, you can restore forests. However, if the severity of droughts and warm temperatures, very hot temperatures continue, unabated, lightning strikes and it starts a fire. Sorry to say, it will be impossible to maintain those ecosystems if we do not meet the Paris Agreement target of 1.5 degrees. That's why it's a global responsibility, although Australia certainly has responsibility as any other country. So we really have to get to net zero emissions by 2050 if we want to maintain those ecosystems, particularly in middle attitudes and subtropics, but also in the tropics. We've reached a halfway stage and we've covered our basis, I think, fairly well. Lots of different perspectives out here. Let's have a quick show of hands. I know some of you are going to want to ask questions. Okay, let's take those three. We'll take them all at the same time. Can we start at the back, sir? And can you just give us your name for the benefit of those watching the line as well? Okay, well, my name is John Denny. I've just recently retired from the Foreign Rescue in New South Wales. So I've spent the last 40 years of my life as a career firefighter. I work very closely with the volunteer firefighters as well. I guess more of a comment, but there's a significant level of frustration with the firefighting community and they've been hailed as heroes for the outstanding work that they've done. They really need to be listened to as well. Climate change has been happening. There's been a couple of critical fires, 2003 in camera, 2009 in Victoria, that have rewritten the textbooks on fire behaviour. The fires we've experienced recently are different to any other fires we've had. One, they've been so geographically extensive. There's no capacity for other states to come into this because all states are now. At their maximum in firefighting capacity. Two, we normally have severe fire ceases in conjunction with an El Nino effect, a weather effect. That didn't happen with these fires. It was an El Nino neutral climate system and we still had these fires. And as pointed out, Australia is now the hottest it's been and we've recorded record hot years over the last number of years. So firefighters are looking for political leadership to recognise and to take action. And really the fires that we've just experienced in Australia are a wake-up call to the world. And the clear message is the absolute need to reduce deeply and urgently carbon emissions. Thanks, sir. We'll come to that one. Could you just pass the microphone over to your neighbour? Mattias, really glad you mentioned Indigenous land practises. You're the most... The reminders have been a must, but I'll please... Sorry, Peter. Homes are caught. Mattias, really glad that you mentioned Indigenous land practises and wondering if your government is thinking about supporting more of the traditional ways of managing the land in Australia and perhaps the economics of investing in that, saving great damage in other activities. Right, let's just look with the microphone over here. We'll do the tape, these three. I believe, if I'm correct, we have a non-Australian about to ask a question, so we're going to globalise this conversation. Yeah, John Hills from ITV News. I suppose I wanted really just to find out whether your reaction to President Trump speaks. President Trump spoke about profits of doom and I think sort of felt that climate change activists were over-egging the science. Do you agree, Minister, with the President of the United States that people are being too gloomy about climate change? So, let's take these in order. So, political leadership and firefighters, are you...? Well, OK, like, if I take them in turn, and this is obviously going to be an ongoing conversation in a domestic context in Australia and the Prime Minister has flagged in the government, is considering what form, an inquiry, a comprehensive inquiry, a Royal Commission or other inquiry that might take moving forward. I mean, right now we're still dealing with the emergency response. There's still quite a few fires burning, so that's the priority. We've started the bushfire recovery process, but there will be a period when to properly work through how better to respond and, you know, what else we can sensibly do in relation to these sorts of issues. I mean, I say it again, Australia absolutely does its bit when it comes to effective action on climate change globally. There are not many countries that are going to beat their emissions reduction targets by 2020, agreed to in Kyoto. And, you know, when it comes to our Paris targets, looking at it on a per capita basis and on an emissions intensity of the economy basis, you know, our ambitions when it comes to emissions reductions are significantly higher than many other comparable developed countries. Now, you know, when it comes to indigenous land practices, there has been some of it. I think there could be more. And the Prime Minister overnight, you know, in Australia last night has been making the point that we need to focus on hazard reduction as well as on emissions reductions. And that is certainly something that indigenous Australians did very, very well for thousands of years. I mean, indigenous Australians, I know that I had the great experience here in Davos in 2016 to watch a movie, a immersed experience of watching those indigenous land practices in action. And they were pursued for a range of purposes, but they also helped mitigate the risk of large-scale bushfires. And that has to be using those sorts of methodical, regular, sophisticated methods into the future has to be part of the consideration. There's no question. In terms of President Trump, I thought he gave a great speech. It was a very uplifting speech. He was obviously focusing on the great achievements of his administration when it comes to boosting economic growth in the United States and some of the global issues and some of the global economic outlook. When it comes to climate change, I mean, the Australian government's position is very clear. I mean, we are committed to effective action on climate change. We do understand that climate change is something that needs to be addressed. We also understand that the only way that it will be addressed effectively is through a global response. And if we had a mature global conversation about this, we wouldn't be doing constant finger pointing. We would actually be looking at how each country can best contribute, given the natural attributes that respective countries have to contribute to a global solution. And we've always got to make sure that we don't have preconceived ideas on what blanket policy propositions might deliver the best possible impact. Because carbon taxes has been mentioned, the price on carbon, when in Australia would actually make it harder for Australia to help reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. No question. I mean, we would be shifting economic activity and jobs overseas where for the same amount of economic output emissions would be higher. We would be making it harder to export comparatively cleaner energy sources into developing countries around the world where they are currently and can even more so into the future are displacing less environmentally efficient energy sources. And that, obviously, from the LNG to uranium to even to black coal compared to brown coal options in other countries, as well as solar, wind, hydrogen, and all of these other energy sources. I mean, there's no question. And again, on a per capita basis, and I hear what you're saying. You don't like to talk about numbers, but it's very hard to talk objectively about an issue without mentioning numbers. There's no question that Australia is a world leader when it comes to per capita investment in clean energy. I mean, the level of investment in wind and solar and the government is pursuing, obviously, substantial investment and catalyzing substantial investment through the Clean Energy Finance Corporation into clean energy. I mean, there's no question that we are world leader when it comes to clean energy investment. There's always, as technologies evolve and as technologies improve, there's always more and better things we can do. But we're committed. One of the questions.  President Trump doesn't seem, sorry, back on the point about President Trump. I take the points you're making, but President Trump doesn't seem to believe the science on climate change. Does that worry you? I'm not a commentator on President Trump's beliefs. I was in the audience. I thought it was a great speech. It was a fantastic speech. You didn't worry. I thought he delivered a great speech about the economic achievements of his government. And I think that's the right thing. President Obray, let's talk to you. Does it worry you that the President of the United States mentioned, likened the climate community as two prophets of doom? Of course it worries all of us, because since his election, his speech getting out of Paris agreement, that really sent a very bad signal to many countries. I think countries which were more committed to meeting their commitments to Paris agreement, kind of, you know, wiring in a position. For instance, even China, China should really abandon completely coal-fired power plants if we want to reach 1.5 and even two degrees. And that would certainly affect our Australian economy, exporting coal. So I think this really very, very trouble political leadership coming from the US, because that's not even the position of the US population. 74% of the US population are concerned about climate change. So I don't think this is good for sustainability in the planet. It's very bad. However, I think the population, particularly the US population, will not really respond. And also I'm not sure it's true whether adapting or preventive adaptation will lead to bad or poor business. On the contrary, climate change gives enormous opportunities. And the minister here mentioned renewable energy, which is generating hundreds of thousands of jobs a year in the world, also in the United States. So I don't think defending, let's say, coal mining and a very small community in the US really is good for the planet. Yeah, I would like to say something about that. Keep it quick. If you don't mind, I'd like to do two more questions. Two things. I'm not against the numbers. I'm talking about values in addition to the numbers. I'm talking about how we weigh these things up. And we can say we're investing in renewables, but we've de-invested in renewables. We can say that we're shifting, but we're opening large coal mines in addition to what we already have. So it's about, where does this pendulum swing, where it shifts in the direction of where we are actually heading and not continually trying to hold in balance things that may be incompatible for the future of the entire world? Well, just on that point, because obviously a high-profile coal mine in Australia is the Adani mine. And I was at a session earlier with the Indian Commerce Minister. And he might the point. I mean, India for the foreseeable future will need to rely substantially, including in order to facilitate increased reliance on renewables. We'll need to rely on coal for their by-slot power. Now, they'll have several options. Either they use a cleaner Australian coal with lower ash and moisture content and higher energy intensity. Or they use dirtier, environmentally less friendly and more polluting coal in order to achieve what they will seek to achieve. And that is to provide electricity to their people. Now, again, I mean, this is actually Australia making a beneficial contribution. Not every coal mine is a bad thing for the environment. I mean, when you have better quality coal compared to the alternative options that are available, you actually might be able to help through the transition provide better outcomes. Are we talking about transition, though, as a government? Is the government talking about transition away from coal to renewables? Well, for the foreseeable future, coal will be a significantly important energy source. But of course, I mean, we are providing increased levels of, well, we're facilitating increased levels of renewable energy. And that will continue into the future. But I mean, let's be realistic. In countries around the world, I mean, 50% of global coal production comes from China. 50% of global coal production comes from China. Australia is responsible for 6% of global coal production. India about 12%, the US 10%. 50% of global coal production happens in China. Anyone for a last question before we start wrapping up? Lady in the front, right? So let us know what your name is, please, and where you're from. I'm Lukina from Switzerland. I've been climbing. I've been a striker with Isabel II and Dominic. So as the young generation, this is the world you are living to us and you are taking the decision right now. So anyways, we are watching. And just a point I would like to bring that I heard this morning that I found very interesting was from an indigenous woman. And I really think we should listen to indigenous people because they have such like solution and connection to nature and the way how we can connect to it in order to rebuild the forest which have been completely burned. Maybe you have a point to address about it. I don't know, but just to pass the message for, I guess. Indigenous Australians are very good at managing fire. And when it comes to hazard reduction burning, we could learn a lot from indigenous Australians. There's no question. I think that one of the issues, not the only issue, but one of the issues, I mean, after an extended period of drought in an Australian context, the fuel load that had built up was quite extraordinary. And if you have more regular back burning and more regular hazard reduction activities which in Australia are organized at a state level, it will help reduce the risk. There's no question. And that is one of the great things that indigenous Australians showed over many, many years. However, just for a small point, if we reach 3 degrees, which is the commitment of the countries towards the Paris Agreement, we're not committed to 1.5 or 2. If we reach 3 degrees, this year's summer in Australia will be every year summer. And if that happens, even the indigenous communities are not used for 16,000 years with that kind of climate. There may be very ingenious and come up with ways, but I'm not sure. One final question for me, Mr. Minister, if I may. I'm just a benefit of coming from immediately, from another session, where we talked about net zero. And we had Greenpeace. We had Lord Stern. We had a climate investor. And very much the discussion was on the fact that there is the beginnings of a change. We're not at a tipping point yet. But we are seeing major action among sovereign wealth funds, among investors on de-risking their own portfolios and moving away from fossil fuels, for example. So my question is very simple. In terms of the risk to the economy, do you think you're accurately and are you happy with your risk assessment of how we relate to the Australian economy is? Well, I don't accept your analysis in terms of the nature of the Australian economy or the Australian economy is quite diversified. Yes, we do have a significant component that is made up of the resources sector of which the coal sector is a part. But when I say it again, there's a global demand for coal. And if it's not met by a cleaner Australian coal, comparatively cleaner Australian coal, it will be met by a comparatively dirtier coal from other sources.  And I'll just make the point again about Australia. Australia is a sunburned country of droughts and flooding rains. And these are not words that I've invented. These are words that were coined by Dorothy McKellar 115 years ago. I mean, we do have to, yes, climate change is making things worse. We do have to have an effective response to climate change. We do have to have effective strategies to increase resilience and to deal with hazard reduction. But we've also got to keep it in perspective in the sense that Australia has always been a country that has suffered extreme weather events on both sides of the spectrum. I think that's the challenge. That's where we're poles apart. Because we can say this about our history continually. We can meet the challenge of this moment. And one requires a shift. And the shift in thinking is a thing that's very hard to hear from our leadership. I feel I am waiting for the change that says, that acknowledges that this is unprecedented, that we haven't experienced this before, that even Indigenous people with their longstanding and continuing mosaic pattern burning would not be able to manage this. When do we change? And you made that point very, very, very eloquently, leaders. And unfortunately, we're out of time. We need effective climate change strategies. We need new hazard avoidance strategies. We need new ideas that hazard will be found for us. That says a bit. And we need solutions that take into account communities and firefighters and Indigenous peoples. Thank you very, very much indeed for joining us. Thank you for watching us live online.


In this presentation, we will discuss audit planning stages. You'll recall that we broke out the audit into support accounting instruction by clicking the link below, giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course, each course then organized in a logical reasonable fashion, making it much more easy to find what you need than can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems, PDF files and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again, click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. Stages in prior presentations, those stages including client acceptance or continuance, preliminary engagement activities, plan the audit, consider and audit internal controls, audit business processes and related accounts, complete the audit and then evaluate results and issue audit report. We here are going to be focusing in on these top three items, these top three client acceptance or continuance, preliminary engagement activities and then of course the planning of the audit. This is all the stuff that oftentimes gets overlooked and which is very important. This is the stuff that usually the top management team or the top components of the audit staff including the partner and senior auditors are going to be involved in the planning process because that's going to set the stage for what's going to be happening going through the audit going forward. So the planning is going to be very important and then we're going to get into the actual process of course of conducting the audit after that planning stage takes place. What's going to happen within the planning stage? The accounting firm should determine the following items before accepting a new client. So first of all we want to think about should we accept a client as someone that we want to do business with because of course we are reviewing the clients but we were hoping to issue a clean report. Everybody wants to issue a clean report and in order to do that we want to be engaging with clients that we expect to be good clients and that they have integrity and what not so that we can issue a clean report. So it's very important very important for us to then be taking on clients and going through some type of process to vet them before we start the process of audit engagements so that we save ourselves any kind of time of wasted time in the auditing process because if we go through an audit with a client that does not have integrity and we put a lot of time into it they're probably not going to be very happy at all to have a report at the end of the day that is not a clean report or that if we decide that we have to remove ourselves from the audit we can't complete it because of scope limitations or an adverse report of course that's not going to be good for either party and it's not going to basically continue on with the auditing process. So really important and usually the people that are going to be involved here of course are the top level of the CPA firm including the partner in evaluating what type of clients they should be picking up. Do we have the ability to perform the engagement so first of all of course we want to be able to think do we have the ability to do the work you might think hey we're a CPA firm of course we have the ability to do the work but to consider this we might have different types of industries and whatnot that this company is in if we have never done say the construction industry or retail type of industry and we don't know the details of it those could be constraints now that we could look into those constraints get the research then the question is do we want to do the research in order to bring ourselves up to par in order to perform this engagement there also could be limitations in terms of what if they have locations outside of where we are at we're local firm what if they have locations and states that we don't have any presence in how can we get around those limitations do we can we get around those we could work with other firms possibly to get around those types of limitations as well but it's important for us to assess whether or not we have the ability and that's going to be dependent from client to client are we and the company in compliance with relevant ethical requirements so are we in compliance with any kind of ethical requirements that are going to be within the engagement process including the standards for the engagement process the normal business ethical standards as well as standards with regards for to us conducting the audit including things like independence and we'll talk about more about what those are in future presentations does the client have sufficient integrity to do business with and this is really important because again we don't want to be picking up clients that are going to be problem for clients we're not picking up a clients in order to say we're going to audit anyone will pick up any type of audit and if the audits good we issue a good opinion if the audits bad we issue a bad opinion that's not really how it works you would think kind of that would be how it works because you think audits is a type of regulation you would think that everybody should be audited and you should just basically issue whatever opinion is there but note who is hiring the auditor again the auditors being hired by in essence the board of directors in essence the business everybody with that is involved is expecting hoping to have basically a clean up opinion the CPA firm has to not give us a clean opinion if the evidence gives the fact that there is some kind of qualification or something like that but they don't they don't want to basically do that we would like to say hey we're dealing with someone with integrity they put the financial statements in accordance with the way they said they were the assertions that they told us that they made the financial statements are indeed the way they made the financial statements in and if clients don't have integrity if a company doesn't have integrity they're going to have problems getting a qualified or CPA firm with a good reputation to audit to audit their their financial statements and of course that's going to be a problem for the company so note that the job of the CPA firm isn't to pick up any client and basically you know audit audit the client and if it comes that it is what it is it comes out what it is and we issued the report if it's good it's good it's bad it's bad we want to be independent and issue the report if it's good it's good it's bad it's bad however we want to see as much as possible that if we see that there's going to be bad reports that need to be issued in the front side of things as we take on new clients we don't go forward with the audit it's not cost-effective for ourselves or the client to do so we say hey this isn't I don't think this is an audit we're gonna move forward with I'm not sure that the client has the integrity for us to want to pick up this engagement it's simply not worth our time to go through the engagement with a high risk possibly of a not a not a good result and we don't want continuing engagements with clients that are going to be difficult for us to work with so it's going to be very important again that's going to be one of the principal jobs of obviously the partners to deal with the new clients of what types of clients are going to be picking up do we have the ability to perform the engagement so that could be including things like do we have the technical skill and knowledge of industry and subject matter so a lot of CPA firms will be focusing in on certain niches especially if we're not in the in the largest CPA firms even large CPA firms are gonna have different departments that focus in on different industry niches smaller CPA firms often find a niche they do business by focusing in on a specific niche and so if we then see clients or have an opportunity to take clients outside of that niche then we want to say hey do I have the resources do I want to take on the resources you know get myself up to par to pick up whatever needs to be picked up in order to take on the engagement do we have employees with experience and relevant regulatory and reporting requirements of regulatory reporting requirements so note in different industries are gonna have different types of requirements and there's a lot of different types of audits we might be engaged in we might be auditing for example for a specific type of reason for example we might be auditing on a state level for like an HOA a homeowners association or something like that in accordance with requirements for that state that's necessary to have for those specific requirements which might need us then to know what those requirements are which which could differ than our other types of niches so we need to know do we have the people involved that that know these regulations and what is needed within the audit do we have the necessary personnel with competence and abilities do we have the people we need to finish and conduct the audit in accordance with whatever special needs that audit is do we do we have or can we get specialists as needed so we often might need specialists in different ways because if we're going to do things say evaluate the value of certain type of assets we might say have inventory that we don't know how to value we because obviously we're auditors and if we're trying to say is the inventory on the books at the correct value we can go out and count the inventory as auditors that's not hard we could say there's that many units of inventory but valuing the inventory not very not very easy to value like clothing or something like that if if we're an auditor it'd be so we might have need specialists and different types of areas are going to need specialists for certain types of reasons question is do we have those specialists are we willing to to find those specialists for as needed can we do the work on time obviously again there's going to be scope limitations with these things and and we want to make sure that when we take on the new engagement what's going to be the time frame of it and given all this this type of information can we do it within a reasonable time frame for both our purposes and the purposes of the client that we are doing business with are we and the company in compliance with relevant ethical requirements are we independent that's going to be one of the key components so when we think about ethical requirements and we'll talk more about independence as we go but one key thing is we want to be independent and notice what we're doing here we're we're giving our opinion on the financial statements in order for a a third party to business people to do business and be able to rely and trust on each other in order to do that we need to be independent and the best thing would be to be independent not not just in in in form and in substance we want to basically say hey we did our job it's not enough in other words for us to say look we did our job we're a cpa firm we did our job i'm a cpa and it were trust me i'm i'm independent even though in appearance i may not be so for example i might be on the board of directors if i if i was a cpa on the board of directors of the company that we audited it may well be that i was independent in my conduct that i perform the audit in an independent fashion and i didn't let that influence my opinion at all but the appearance doesn't look independent and of course the appearance matters when you're talking about a third party if i'm going to some third party and i say yeah i audited the financial statements of this company and on by the way i'm on the board of that company and i'm an auditor and i'm a substantial shareholder of it that i may have done a great job of the audit but the the other person is not going to help build their trust as much as as if i can say hey you know i'm an independent auditor and i have i'm not on the board i don't own any stock in this company i'm independent both in appearance and substance and i'm also regulated by you know the rules of being independent as a cpa firm then that's what's going to give more assurance so when the problem with independence oftentimes for most people's mind is to say hey that doesn't bias my opinion it doesn't bias my opinion that i know people on on the in the company or that i that i have you know siblings that work there or something like that it doesn't bother that i still give an opinion that's valid because i'm a truthful person but in appearance it doesn't look good and therefore that could still harm the the quality of the opinion and so then we also can we accept the client without violating any regulatory requirements or the code of professional conduct so we want to be able to obviously accept the clients without violating any kind of code of conduct does the client have sufficient integrity to do business with so some questions we might ask with regard to that and again any kind of client that doesn't have the sufficient integrity we really would like to weed them out before any type of transaction any type of engagement because they will take a lot of time and waste a lot of time we first need to determine and identify the reputation of the principal owners and top management so what's going to be the reputation understand the nature of the client's operation and business practices determine the attitude towards internal controls and interpretation of accounting standards and this is going to be a big one because when we start to sit down and think about with the top management what do you think about internal controls what do you think about accounting standards do you have internal controls how are they implemented this is it really important especially with larger type of companies because we're dependent on the internal controls as a major portion of our audit as is the financial statement process typically of a well-set-up organization that's large is going to need a good internal controls and it's possible to it's very possible for a good set of internal controls to have been set up yet not implemented and you can kind of get a feel for that about what people think about internal controls is it necessary to have internal controls how well are the internal controls one made what are the internal controls and how well are they actually followed and established and of course setting the establishment of following internal controls is something that's going to be set by the top management so you can kind of get a feel of what they think about those types of things when the discussion of top management happens to take on a new client determine if there are any indications of limitations on the scope of the work in other words when we start to think about and talk over what the engagement might look like we want to think about what the scope limitations will be and get a feel for if there are any scope limitations involved for example if we start to say hey there's just one particular department that's over in china or something like over in some other area you know we want to think about well how are we going to get access to that are there any problems with us getting getting access to that if the client then says you know you can't audit that particular department because they won't let us in or for whatever reason then we're going to have some scope limitations and we want to consider those upfront and and get an idea of them as soon as possible determine if there are any indications of fraud or money laundering obviously if we if we look into things and we we start to get a feel for the idea that there might be some type of fraud some type of illegal activity or money laundering that would go towards the integrity of the client and we probably wouldn't want to take on the engagement the reasons for a company leaving the previous firm note this is going to be a key question and it seems like one of those questions that you would think is like that's kind of a rude question like why did you leave the prior firm but it's it's a standard question that we have to ask it's basically standard type of practice and of course it makes sense to have this if you're talking about a publicly traded company or any other type of company that needs an audit from a year to year point and they're looking for a new CPA firm it's natural for us in the CPA firm profession to then say who was your prior you know why why are you leaving your prior CPA firm and what are the what are the conditions on which you left the prior CPA firm and possibly even you know can we contact the prior CPA firm just to see what the you know what the conditions are there and and again that's going to be typical type of thing because we want to know for our purposes and theirs what was the problem with the engagement so that we can both know what the engagement is if we want to take on the engagement and so that we can do hopefully a better job possibly with whatever kind of limitations there were within the prior engagement so hopefully you know they left the prior firm possibly they got too big and they grew and they left the the prior firm because the prior firm is small they don't have enough regional offices and whatnot and that would be you know a fine fine thing but it's going to be a common question for us to go to the prior firm and ask that or to ask about the the leading of the prior firm and the why you'd be looking for a new firm if it's a new engagement and they didn't have an audit in the prior year well that would be self-explanatory for their publicly traded company then they would need to have an audit if they were publicly traded in prior years if they're not publicly traded maybe they need an audit now and they didn't need one last year and that would be of course the reason they didn't have an auditor in the prior year continuing client retention periodically evaluate client retention now if we're talking about a client that's continuing then obviously we already know about the client we don't have to do as much evaluation but we do want to just keep in mind those key points that things could change and things change gradually with clients so it's easy for us to just after time things can deteriorate and we possibly don't know it right so we have to basically reevaluate especially when key things type type key things type happen so it's typical to evaluate near the close of the audit or if there's some significant event that happened if there's some type of event that happens we may want to reassess and say okay let's reevaluate this client so that we make sure that we're up to date on our evaluation of our business dealings with the client so if there's any arguments for for example over fees that could cause some tension with the the client it could be an indication of other things going on so we want to basically reevaluate our situation with the client at that point that means our fees our fees on the audit and conflicts over accounting and audit issues if there's any conflicts if the if we say hey there's an adjustment this doesn't seem to line up to generally accepted accounting principles and the client is saying no i don't believe that or i'm not going to make that adjustment or i believe you're right that doesn't line up but i still don't want to make the adjustment because of a b or c doesn't mean they're wrong necessarily but it does mean that we want to basically reevaluate the situation at that point and and make sure everything is is running smoothly and make sure that that doesn't or c if that's an indication of anything deeper


Irish Singh, as a stand-up comedian, writer, and activist, he's based in Chicago, you may have seen him on the Trump The Insul Comic Dog special on Hulu. He was kicked out of a Trump rally in Muscatine on January 24th with his friend and fellow stand-up comedian Taylor Williams. They raised a banner that said, Stop Hate, and he called out Trump for his support that he's receiving from white supremacists. It was on C-SPAN, and we used the footage and then Triumph The Insul Comic Dog heckled Irish Singh for heckling Trump. And welcome to my show, Irish Singh. You join us. Thank you very much for having me. You're in Chicago today, right? I actually am driving back to Chicago tonight. I'm in Iowa City. You're in Iowa City. The rally in Muscatine was a cold day. I remember this, and we saw Donald Trump, and we were warned beforehand that people are entitled to heckle Donald Trump, and that when somebody starts heckling him, everybody should start screaming Trump, Trump, Trump, Trump, and drown out the heckler.  Stay on brand. Yeah. Stay on brand. And I look up, and there is a guy with a turban on his head. That would be you? That would be me, in fact, yeah. Are you a heavy-set guy? Oh, sure. Yeah, I'm a little bit heavy-set, yeah. And you were being thrown out. You were holding a white sheet. Usually at a Trump rally, they're white sheets, but there are three holes in them. Nothing written on them. No. Different kind of white sheet, yeah. And I don't think, yeah, good. Okay, so you disrupted a Trump rally. Mm-hmm. Why? Oh, I mean, there are so many reasons, but the reasons that really, with the last draw from my friend Taylor and I, were these robo-calls coming from the American Freedom Party, which is a declared white supremacist party. And did you get a robo-call from a... I didn't personally, but I had a number of friends who were getting them on Facebook. They were getting them on their phones, and then they would post it to Facebook. Yeah, I got a robo-call yesterday from Marco Rubio. Marco Rubio. And he was actually on the line. That's how robotic he is. I just wanted to shoehorn that joke into the conversation. That was a good one, yeah. And you were a stand-up comedian. Yeah, I am. And you were wearing a turban. And your name is Aarish Singh. So are you a member of Al Qaeda, ISIS, Hezbollah? What Arab terrorist organization, the Palestinian Liberation Organization? What Arab...  So what Arab terrorist group are you a member of? I would never be part of any organization that would have me as a member. But I would be a member of Aarish Singh.  Yeah, a little bit, yeah. Wait a second. Yeah. My terror group is based in the Catsfields. Aarish Singh. Are you Arab? No, I'm not Arab. Okay, now. South Asian? Yeah. You're what? South Asian or Indian? How do you want to... Okay, your parents are from Punjab, India. And you would be Sikh, correct? Yes, that's my religious cultural background. And so as everybody at the Trump rally said after they found out that you were Sikh, so you're an Arab. Yep, they have their Trump geography down. All right, so you had a turban on, right? And there weren't... There were no black people at the Trump rally. There was actually a few people selling those hats on that side, yes. Nobody wearing a turban, there were people who had their brains operated on, so they were wearing some kind of stuff wrapped around their heads. But a lot of lobotomy patients, but no Sikhs. Do Arabs wear turbans? Do Muslims wear turbans? For Muslims to wear turbans, it's usually often like a very religious kind of person who will be doing it if not a very common mainstream thing. It's even less so in the U.S. It's very uncommon to see that. If you run into someone in the U.S. and they're wearing a turban, they're almost always a Sikh. Or they're doing a mind reading act. Yeah. But at a Trump rally, they would automatically assume you're a Muslim, right? Well, I mean, I guess so, but I don't know. You have to be by their assumptions, you know, like that. I mean, I think that's the situation for Sikhs or Sikhs in America. Both pronunciations are actually acceptable, but these...  You have to, just because other people are wrong, you don't have to back away and have to worry about them mistaking you for someone else. That's how I feel. So says you. Yeah, so says me. I'll have things go under the Trump administration. Okay, so your parents are from Punjab, India, and they... Yes. And they moved to America when? They moved here in the 70s. And you were born in America? Yeah, I was born in Chicago. You were born in Chicago. So why do you have this thick Punjabi accent? I mean, I can barely... I don't know. I can barely make out what you're saying. Yes. So you're an anchor baby, basically, right? Yes. I'm not quite, but my parents have already had citizenship. Your parents... Okay. And you're an American citizen? Yes. Mm-hmm. And you went to the Trump rally wearing the turban? Yeah, indeed. And you went there with the purpose to interrupt Donald Trump? Yeah, and to protest, yeah. I mean, the interruption that I made was specifically in reference to these outrageous robocalls where they were saying, we don't need more Muslims in this country. We need more smart, educated white people. And that just didn't really phase into the news, and that people in Iowa were calling ordinary white Iowa people. A lot of white people in Iowa, that's just the composition of the state, but they were outraged at this thing that's happening. Mm-hmm. And he's been walking over that state for the last six months acting like, I can just say whatever kind of incredibly authoritarian racist stuff I want to do. Yeah, you guys will just have to take it. You'll play Iowans, so... Well, I mean, if we have smart, educated white people being brought into this country, that doesn't bode well for Trump's re-election, does it? That's a very good point. Yeah, you may not. Okay, so... Not going to the face. So you walk into the rally. Were you wearing the turban as you walked in? Yes, yes. I mean, I wear the turban regularly. Yeah, that is what I do.  I'm a practicing Sikh. I mean, I've gotten more into the past. I've always identified culturally and intellectually with the religion. It's a modern religion. It had a lot of tenets there about the dirty things like standing up for other people, that you should give service for other people, regardless of whether they're your fate, anything that can lead to enlightenment. You don't have to convert people. All these things identified very strongly. Only in the last few years have I become more identifying with the rituals of it. And how related is the Sikh religion to Hinduism? I'm not a theologian, but the way I kind of look at it is it came out of this period of intellectual ferment in India, where there was both in Islam and Hinduism, this kind of moving towards a personal relationship with God, not through trying to get away from some of the rituals, meaningless rituals. So I think it involves elements of both, and it takes elements of its own and brings it in. If you look at it, just if you're talking in terms of like religious history, comparative religion, that's how it works. And how old is the religion? I'm not 500 years. Oh, it's a young religion. So would you say it's kind of like Protestantism in that it's a it's a it branched off from? Sure. You can make a comparison. People, some people talk about it being similar to that period in religious history in India being like the Reformation. I think that though, like more in terms of the enlightenment to a degree, I think it's shedding. It was anti superstition against superstition when it started out. You know, it has created its own rituals, its own superstition. It's just like any other religion that has all its own problems. But the things that I identify with very strongly are the progressive nature of the tradition. Okay. So you walk into the Trump rally and they know you're going to hackle, right? Because they see the turbid. No, no. Actually, so you kind of just by luck, we came really late when it happened. Pretty much everybody was seated. If anybody wanted to say anything to me, they would have had to stop, you know, looking at Trump speak and listening to him, you know, talk about whatever nonsense he was on. Were you getting dirty? Did you get dirty looks from people?  We really weren't hanging around people too much that were there for it. All we had to deal with was the security check from the Secret Service and that's really not a partisan group or anything for nobody. Somebody asked me if I had one of those knives jokingly because some six do carry the coupon, but I was not, you know, that's not something I do. So. Yeah. So, is this the first time you've heckled Donald Trump? I went to one of his valleys. I used to be a writer here in Iowa City, an editor for magazine and I was looking to maybe do a story and I went to a rally of history in the summer and it was very bizarre, but I didn't heckle or anything like that. So you heckled Trump and you get thrown out. Were you roughed up?  Did they spit on you? He already had the police being a servile as they needed to be already. I mean, they were basically taking me out. I really don't understand how easy it is for them to just not have to hire their own security. They seem to be relying on the local police forces when they do things. I was escorted by the police. There's one guy who came up from the stairs and shook his fist at me and said, if you don't get out of here, you know, I'm going to keep shaking this fist at you. I guess I don't know. He said it wasn't intimidating. He looked like a really goofy, strong supporter you could imagine, just a very skinny tall man and just shaking his fist at me. Were you scared? No, I think what actually happened is both me and the officer next to me may have rolled their eyes at the same time. I did point out, hey, this guy is threatening to assault me.  The sooner you get out of here, the better everything will be. They were just really... They didn't do anything to me, these police officers, but it was just kind of silly how much they fell in line with this kind of stuff. Everybody had a role to play. Sure. And you were the protester and you got thrown out and you didn't resist, right? No, I didn't. I resisted this guy shoving me the way he did when you can see in the footage. He was just almost trying to slap me out of the place. Was that a cop? I didn't resist. No, that was some sort of Trump organizer or something like that. But he wasn't physically violent. He was just shoving you? Yeah, I mean, he was shoving me pretty hard. And I turn around and kind of tell him to back off, but that's the extent of it. I didn't resist arrest her. I wasn't arrested, but I didn't resist them taking me out of there.  Oh, yeah. You know, they took our information. They did all of that. Then they got the... What do you mean they took your... What do you mean they took your... They wanted our license. Licenses, Taylor and mine. And we gave them to them. Wait a minute. Why do you have to give them your license? I don't know. I was just totally down to... I was not going to try to be in any way uncooperative about it. For one thing, I actually had to do a comedy show in the evening in Minneapolis, so I did have to. I couldn't stick around there. And the other... I really didn't know... My friend Taylor Williams is from Muscatine. I didn't want to cause any trouble for him. So I was just down to cooperate. I don't know if they really had the legal right to do that or not. Is it against the law to heckle a presidential candidate? I don't. I'm not sure. That's a funny issue. They called the school groundskeeper over and they were like trying to talk real fast, trying to intimidate us and being like, you want to charge these guys. And they really couldn't come up with the charge that they were going to give me. The police asked the groundskeepers, the people who were sponsoring the event, if they wanted to charge you. Someone actually... Taylor told me to see someone who works at the school. He came over. The police said, do you want to charge him? He said, well, I should charge them with inciting a riot. But then you'd have to charge Trump with that, too. Yeah, exactly. That's already what they were going for. And then one of the officers, I think, said, we could charge him with trespassing. I vaguely remember that. And I don't know if that would actually hold up or not. I have to figure how I would react if people started showing up at Trump rallies. Not Trump rallies, I'm sorry. Bernie rallies and being disruptive. I guess I would... I'd like them thrown out. Sure. I totally understand that and I totally understand people taking me out of there. This isn't something... We both felt that the circumstances were ridiculous, that the kind of politics he was bringing out to Iowa, the things that he was seeing in previous protests of Trump, there was a protestor of me who was thrown out for doing only a silent protest. I find that kind of outrageous. All right, so a lot of people like me saw Donald Trump in the debate on Saturday night and kind of fell in love with him for the way he went after Jeb. Sure. Is there any part... Again, I'm not on his hit list yet, so I'm not as frightened. Are you frightened of Donald Trump? I keep thinking, well, what I've been doing since this is... I didn't do anything immediately after the caucus. Once he didn't win that, I did come out and start doing comedy routines based on what he said to me. Was he wearing one of those hats? And no, he never will. And it was a very odd statement that he made. Some people thought he was talking about my turban. He was trying to insult me. People caught on to that. He was talking about his campaign hats, the overpriced campaign hats, which he's invested $400,000 of his money into, which he tried to work in a quick plug for that. So I disproved him on both counts in this comedy routine, and I've got one of his hats now, and I share that I can. Are you scared? Are you scared? Are you scared? I should probably get another patron from the ruling class to back me up, if we lose the kind of rights to do something like this, to have the most basic confrontation with someone who's got just huge wealth. That's all that rides behind him. I inherited wealth. But as a Sikh, are you scared? I'm scared. That he's going to get elected? Are you scared that he's going to get elected and that the country could move really far to the right and make it difficult for people? Sikh, I'm already scared. I've been scared for the last 15 years. I've been scared for all those people in this country who've been attacked and hate crimes. I'm also scared for Muslims who've been attacked. Anyway, anyone who's been done this. I'm also scared about the fact that in 2012, we had a neo-Nazi killer, a murderer come into, a neo-Nazi activist, he came into a Sikh Gurdawara in Wisconsin and killed six people. He was shot, I think, a total of 10. That didn't faze the media at all. That should have been the last time there was ever an issue for Sikhs to be afraid. We were the victims of a terrorist attack in our own country. It's just absurd. People want me... I should have to clarify to these people at a Trump rally that I'm in fact a Sikh. These people should have known from 2012. That should have been national news. That should have been covered in every paper. The way... Forget about me. We've been in this country. We're citizens. We've been in this country for 100 years. Our first temple in this country was in 1912. We've been around forever. We have a history in this country. And we should be treated that way. It's that simple. I'm not scared of... No, I'm not scared. She made that video. Do I look scared? No, but again... You're not frightened about the future. You're not frightened about the future. You don't feel that we're one terrorist attack away from you're not being able to do what you did at the Trump rally. I'm afraid of the politics that have grown from the Tea Party and other groups. There have been more right-wing extremist attacks in the US than any jihadi attacks. I'm scared of how that's been... And hate crimes... Hate crimes against Muslims are up this year. And Trump is epiphenomenal to that. Having him out there, having him say things like there were thousands of Muslims cheering in Patterson, New Jersey when the towers went down and having a huge platform, that scares me. That specifically scares me. Whether he wins the election, whatever it's emboldening those kind of politics that does frighten and worry me, but it also frightens and worries me for my background. And South Asians in general aren't being proactive about it. You should be out there and standing up to it. It's that simple. So he's... You get used to him and all of a sudden he becomes amusing and you forget how dangerous he is and how dangerous speech can be. Sure. Words and language have consequences. Well, alright, this has been interesting. Do you plan to disrupt any other candidates' rallies? No. I just plan to keep doing comedy routines where I just proved that little sound bite he gave me from there and then asking everyone how completely inappropriate it is to have someone with this big of a platform saying that there were thousands of Muslims cheering at 9-11. And that's an attack, not just 6 in Muslims, but in South Asians in general in this country. And then there are values. In other terms of a pre-treat, it's a pre-solid comedy routine. Yeah. If I can work in a plot. Great. Well, Irish Sang is a stand-up comedian, writer, and activist. He's also getting a master's in linguistics. They completed. Oh, you have one? Yes. And what are you doing with it? Well, I was teaching for a while with that at this university. These days I do more writing stuff. I used to work in a magazine. I do copy editing work, that kind of thing. And I would assume you're a fan of Noam Chomsky's? A fan of Noam Chomsky's? Yeah, I definitely draw a lot. I'm even a fan of his comedy. After when people were really worried about how 9-11 and what our response would be the operation we declared after that was enduring freedom. First, we declared the operation infinite justice. But that sounded like we were jihadis when we said that. Then second one was enduring freedom and Chomsky's remark was a lot of the world has been enduring what we call freedom. Yeah, I think he's a good... Sometimes he's dry in his prose but he works in some good one. Yeah, and you studied at BU, right? Yes, I did. Did you ever see... He teaches at MIT. Did you ever see him speak? Oh, yeah, I met him a couple times. Yeah, definitely. Great. And how's the comedy going? Very well. I work with a festival out here, Green Gravel Festival in Iowa City. There's a witching hour. I help book a lot of stuff with in Iowa City but I'm doing comedy in Chicago and it's going very well. All right, well I'm glad I got to have you on the show and I'm proud of you. Yeah, thank you very much. Well, yeah, anytime somebody does what you're doing it's important and you're a great American and on behalf of all my listeners, thank you. Thank you very much. I love how you look at political comedy. I think it's very important. Great. And how do people contact you? You can reach me at comedianarisharish at gmail.com or I'm on Twitter at arisharish and then it's also ish. Arish ish. Thank you, Arish. Thank you.


Fahim Khan is with me, Vice President of Survey Solutions at Leica Geosystems. Welcome and thanks for joining us. Thank you for having me, Andrew. We'll talk how RealityCapture technologies delivers high levels of accuracy, automation and the ability to create 3D environments in a matter of minutes. First, very general question. What is 3D RealityCapture? 3D RealityCapture is really a collection of sensor and software technology with corresponding workflows that enable many industries to leverage the combination of these capabilities to produce digital twins, to produce rich reality information that underpins the usefulness of the deliverables for the various use cases that we see in public safety, in power process, in marine and surveying, of course. It's a very exciting evolution of our survey heritage. Now, please tell us about the main trends at the moment. There are many trends. All of these trends are really driving this rapid adoption that we see of this technology in the industry, multi-multi-fold increase in adoption. These trends really can be summarized in three. I would say one primarily is driven out of the productivity increase that we see with the platforms that are available today. We always use the example of our first platform, which was 800 measurement points per second and the platform today measures 2 million points per second, so that's a tremendous increase in productivity. At the same time, costs have come down tremendously, so it's useful as a result of this as a driver for people who want this, consumers of the data, as well as producers of the data. It's much more cost-effective to acquire the data for both spectrum of that ecosystem. Simplicity is another big implication to everyone's day-to-day operation. If technology is great, it's cost-effective, it's productive, but it's very complicated, it also affects adoption, but then we've seen a significant progress in that area as well in terms of simplicity of the technology. How is reality a capture shaping transformation across industries? We talk about transformation in so many industries these days. You walk through different airports. I think the poster saying digital transformation appears everywhere, and we definitely see reality capture being a strong enabler for many industries in their digital transformation journey. We see, again, let's use public safety as an example. Gone are the days where you use pen and paper to document the crime scene. Now you use reality capture to freeze the crime scene forever, to revisit the crime scene in power process and industry. You use the digital reality as a living 3D model of the facility so you can run your operations management more effectively and so on and so forth. It's really an underlying horizontal layer of technology that enables transformation. Can you give us an example of how customers are mixing and matching reality capture technologies to achieve final project goals? I would say our geospatial customers who are everywhere at Intergeo would be a perfect example of users who leverage all of the tools that are now available in the toolkit to enable this fusion of reality to serve that final business goal. This facility is a good example. It's very multi-storied. There's roof, there are interior facilities. You really want to leverage things that can be mounted on flying tripods, UAVs, things that can be pushed on a trolley, things can be mounted on classical tripods, really leveraging all the sensor fusion capabilities to paint this environment in 3D. Now geospatial customers are experts at this. What are you showing? What are the innovations? There are many innovations. This is, in fact, a very interesting situation that we're in in the industry. There's a significantly higher pace of innovation introduction that we've seen compared to years in the past. The list is too long. I can give you a couple of highlights. We are introducing, we introduced the BLK to go at our Hexagon Live annual user conference. At Intergeo, we take this to Europe. This is a technology that really now further takes the BLK journey forward, a highly effective mobile mapping system that produces 3D reality capture in minutes. We're introducing Cyclone 3DR, which is the corresponding piece of software, if you like, that takes advantage of all the data that's captured through smarter workflows, smarter automation to produce useful deliverables for different industries. Two highlights, but this is a long list. Okay. How are Leica two systems point cloud processing solutions positioned across industries? We really try to be more domain focused. We try to deliver solutions that are in the right language in terms of the capabilities or in terms of understanding the market needs. When it's a language, I mean more the domain language that needs to be spoken. If I'm a public safety officer, I want to look at evidence, not a control point, for instance. So it's very domain focused. So there are solutions for different verticals that we serve for surveying, for engineering, for public safety, and then so on. And that's really how we try to address the market to be more domain focused in the solution offering that we provide. And where is reality capture going in the future? And how is Hexagon leading the way? I think this event is a perfect example that the reality capture is seeing this explosive growth. And I would only see this trend to continue. We are a strong part in that growth drive. And you can count on us to continue to improve the technology for existing users, to improve productivity, and to introduce new classes of technology that opens up new markets and new possibilities. So those trends that are mentioned, speed and simplicity and productivity are only going to continue. And I think the ultimate end result would be much better ROI as it is already today. Fahim Khan, thank you for joining us today and thank you for watching. Bye.


What's going on everyone Sam here late in sports cards. We've been one box of 21 22 Penini revolution basketball Chinese New Year for Vaughn. It's good luck here Vaughn. See what we got man Oh, yeah, just addicted to it. That's so good. That's so funny. That's so awesome. It just reminds you like me Are they yeah? Two hacks and one of those James book night Scratch go That's awesome Shreve Cooper Bradley Beal Chinese New Year parallel no shot bonds up right now Darius Basely for the Thunder Chinese New Year my Robinson Earl. There's an Isaiah Todd for the Wizards Derek Rose Nick's Chinese New Year Bassie. There's a Kevin Durant Nice one there for the Nets Usman Garuba goofy Garuber Nice one there for the Rockets. Congrats Vaughn Bones Highland rookie and a Deandre Aiton Chinese New Year These are super shiny Super shiny Chris Middleton nice one there Mowbly rookie Zyre Williams Grizzlies Wednesday, Mow Bomba tomorrow evening. Yeah, it's gonna be bad And Ben Simmons for the Nets Then I'll do it for your break there Vaughn. Thanks as always man for jumping in we'll get them right out to you buddy


Getting ready for a date night figured I would turn the camera on the chit chat with y'all real quick Look, I'm trying to get as much content as possible Since I'm not doing a Lot more vlogs, you know, whoo girl my when I tell you my scalp is on fire girl, what's my corrector? We're gonna do a full beat Full we got bacon banana powder. We got everything. We're gonna we're gonna go crazy I will probably try to attempt to do a cut crease cut creases are so difficult You got to really practice it But shout out to angel aka Nezzie naps I don't know if she watches my get ready with me video, but she gave me some advice on How to make my makeup pop and girl You're the reason why my makeup for my mom's birthday party was on point because I took your advice. I took my time I went to different lighting to make sure because right now I'm doing my makeup in front of the window This is natural lighting But yeah, if you ever look at her her videos again, this is Nezzie naps. Her makeup is so pretty Really pretty and I also took your advice and did more foundation than I normally do I normally don't like heavy makeup Even my sister was like we're gonna go girl. We You know my sister's crazy.  I wear. Let me show you what I wear Right here. Here she go Maybelline. Maybe she's going with it. Maybe that's what I wear She's like, oh, no, we need to go to the mall and get you some fancy. I'm like, I don't need her I don't need her. We good. We good um so yeah Anyway, y'all, this is a quick impromptu chit chat I was gonna do a video and make it be a get ready with me. No talking voiceover, but I'm like, no Let me go. Let me do some correcto over there. Just a little bit. I'm like, no, let me talk about a little bit Um, I'm gonna solicit solicit some advice from y'all. Let me tell you something. I Want to know what type of people I'm always willing to learn from others I Don't think I know everything. I Like to have friends of different ages different backgrounds. I recently befriended someone at a bar and I don't know how old she is but I'm gonna guess she's in her late 50s and um To me that right there, that's that's the best friend age Yeah, I find sometimes women in my age category and That I think about most of my friends are exactly my age or older than me I don't have a lot of younger friends Nick is my youngest friend, but Nick is an old soul He's just in his early 30s I don't have any friends in their 20s not that I would be willing to but again I just find that people in my age category. It tends to be very competitive type of behavior Um, I need people who kids are my age, you know what I mean? Like Yeah, y'all know how I like my man already. I need for you to be a triple a me member. Have your triple a car I know y'all probably think how old is your man? We don't know That's a whole other Conversation a lot of people are born People who are born especially in Ethiopia depending on what year they were born They were born on the countryside and their records are lost due to moving and all this and so he's anywhere between Mid 40s to late 40s, but he doesn't know exactly how old he is and I've heard that from like I said a lot of people from Ethiopia even from South South America. I know someone who's from Columbia and she has no idea how she is. Anyway, I'm way off subject girl We're gonna be talking about a little bit about y'all know how we do we talk about YouTube what I'm watching in personal life I ain't watching a thing on thing on YouTube. Y'all boring. Y'all the youtubers are boring Like seriously, there are so many people I'm not watching now. I get on YouTube Just to load up videos and to look at recommendations or for JB I'm not on YouTube as much anymore people.  Yeah, let me do my makeup They aren't here doing the same stuff is boring boring. Excuse me No one's original, you know what I mean you have your few People and I know y'all know what I'm talking about that you go to and they're consistent and whatever but then it's like Can we try something else new? I mean Get creative. That's why sometimes I take breaks because I'm like, okay I've already done this type of twist out like With us. So I got excuse the noise my husband's taking in the truck. So yeah, I'm like So I make the point to what I'm not even watching some of my regulars You know, I'm looking at the notifications and based on it on the notification Yeah, I'll watch it. But if not ain't watching that. So we just gonna go right into what I'm watching on TV Hold on y'all. Let me do this. I real quick. All right y'all I had to pause for a minute y'all. I had to knock Knock I have to kick JB out of here my child talking about He's been talking about Texas every now and then ever since we've gotten back, right? So he's like Everybody's just a little bit bigger in Texas. I know this. Well, what's your point? Well? What are we talking about?  I said, you know, what get out my husband started laughing I like y'all both You can get out He was so confused about the amount of water burgers JB was because we don't have a lot of water burgers here in Phoenix It's like I see a bunch of water burgers. I said we're in Texas, baby. Let me dim this down some y'all All right, this is where my eyes are looking like I don't know what that's supposed to look like, but it is what it is Let's just go ahead with my foundation. Look. I said I would take my time, but whatever Um, okay y'all. So yeah, we ain't watching nothing on YouTube We're running out of this Come on y'all. I know I got some other You know what I can't find it let me put my primer on hopefully this don't come down um Girl y'all need to get y'all some HBO HBO is like $14. You can just get the app and watch whatever you want When I tell you the outsider is my show Girl it is. I know one of you are mentioned on my last video that you know, I got you hooked on a girl I'm buzzed me got us hooked on it. Let's blame her So y'all um I Was kind of watching it while I was in and out of sleep this morning And I just realized the girl the the black girl. She's almost like a private eye On the show she's the actress Because she she slipped up on her accent and I was like Because she plays an American.  She says something with an english accent I said let me look up and see who this is. Her name is Christina. She's the um actress that played Harriet and the Harriet Tubman biopic movie or whatever Yeah, she just I didn't recognize her because she has these long braids in this particular series. That's not enough So, yeah, it's good, but it's so funny You know what? But that was so funny. Um, I kind of thought it was her, but I wasn't sure Um, some people can be chameleons, you know have different looks I know I think I'm one of those type of people that I can look different a lot. Um That looks a little dark. What the heck y'all see that? Yeah Yeah, I need to balance that out That that's too dark. I need to balance that out with this three I could tell that with all my glasses. That means it's way too dark I forgot to tell y'all in the last chit chat That I watched the Joker So dark With Joaquin Phoenix It is such a dark movie. Um, not a lot of violence, but the moments of violence were like what the hell just happened. Um, but yeah Very sad And you know a movie is good when you're rooting for the bad guy, you know, I mean the bad guy It seems right and that's kind of sad. Um Um Yeah, very dark very sad. I think it could be triggering for people certain people with um Borderline personality disorder. I'm just gonna say it but hey He absolutely deserved the win Oscar for this movie because It was a good movie now. I have not seen parasite yet Probably will I heard it was really good Yeah, this is a lot better This bottom here still looks a little See how she looks a little bit. It's okay I'ma go in with a little bit What else what else what else y'all? Bench watch lock and key at first. I didn't want to y'all my My spirit of discernment is on point. I think I I My child has been playing but has pretended to be a link from legend of zelda for about month now So we we're gonna have to ignore this. Um, I can tell when something is I'm like, okay It can be good. I know it's gonna be good, but there's something Something's going on. That's a little dark. So lock and key is big based off of a graph graphic novel Excuse me and at first I didn't want to look at it because just the images of it was like, oh, this list looks too I don't like these shows that try to target the pre teens and it's a little too dark I honestly think it's a little too dark for for teens, but I guess these kids are like that nowadays So sure enough. I'm not gonna give away anything but sure enough towards the end There's a revelation of you know, one of the characters. I'm like, okay, see but yeah, check it out It's a new series on netflix And I liked it season one Stranger things season four is come. I don't know. I did all that season four is coming Can't wait um All right, she's good.  Yes um I'm gonna do things out of order. I know I'm gonna break all other rules when it comes to doing makeup But I'm not professional. I don't claim to be whatever um Because yeah, I'm gonna do everything out of order. You just don't I'm just letting you know now, okay? um What else am I watching? Good girls is back Slain tv raised our prices you guys I have the both the blue and orange and now I'm paying 29 dollars So with everything including netflix, I'm paying 71 dollars granted. That's still cheaper than the direct tv. I have some bull It's still cheaper than the one I was paying with direct tv But still I'm like why am I paying? I that's literally Almost doubled what I was paying before um and I don't know what the deal is but long story short good girls is back. But good girls was with nbc I don't know what happened But nbc is no longer with slain tv the same thing happened with hbo because I was going to add the hbo package To slain tv hbo is no longer with slain tv So it forces you to get all these extra I'm not doing anymore because I already I'm already and purchasing hbo because slain tv did away with hbo I'm not going to purchase the nbc for our good girls. I would just purchase the good girls.  He's married to a sister too I was stalking them on instagram I know shame girl. I was stalking them for a while. She's cute to his his wife um I missed totally missed missed it girl. Let's do my lips now y'all.  I typically mix about three or four lipsticks together. Don't don't get mad. Let me look at my notes Let me see what else i'm watching y'all Better call saw Which is a spin-off from breaking bad. I started watching breaking bad and I stopped it got a little dark I'm like, what's going on? Walter you a chemistry teacher.  I'm just rewatching season four That's pretty but we're gonna we're gonna do something else to her Y'all I was really excited to watch just today I have a child. Y'all know this I was super excited to watch zombies too Isn't that bad I even recorded it It wasn't good as good as the first one zombies too is one of those disney movies girl It wasn't as good as the first one Okay, y'all I'm layering my lipstick.  This is thalia. I think yes Look at that It's gonna be a bomb. Look So yeah, that's all what I'm watching on tv So, okay, so this is the unsolicited advice that I'm gonna be asking for my 40 and over Viewers and subscribers I would like to know, you know before I start sharing my opinions on turning 40 this year because I am turning 40 this year um And I honestly do believe that 40 is the new 20 and 40 has been the new 20 for a long time. I mean some of the hottest and most successful people are older You know, I don't even think these kids, especially millennial the nick of a nod just beyond beyond say Um, they're not young, you know, they're a little bit older. So I'm excited to turn 40. So let me get back to this and we'll go back to why I'm excited I'm just looking for, you know This is soliciting advice now for those of you who are 40 and over What are some things that you would advise those in their 30s to start doing or just tips or it can be in any area It could be sex level. We can keep it kind of um ready to eat for everyone. Um, financial Relationships what self care, whatever it may be. Leave it down below. I I love to hear from everyone. Um, and like I mentioned earlier, I keep friends of all different ages Most of the time is to learn from them They don't know that I'm watching. I'm a I'm a people watcher study. I study people and so I'm not studying my friends I learn from them. I I teach them as they give or take relationship. Um, as I stated, I think any healthy healthy relationship Should be about balance. Okay girl. I'm getting I'm going all over the place. I know so I'm so excited about turning 40 y'all not I shouldn't say super excited I guess I am I I don't know what's the word I should use. I guess I should say I'm ready I'm looking forward to it. I don't even tell people at 30. I'm 39 I let them know I'm turning 40 this year. Oh, this is my last year in my 30s And a lot of the times, you know, the other person's like, wow, you don't even look at good. I know that No No, but Y'all've seen pictures of my family members. I the women in my family age very well But I know that I look better now. It's what it's physically 10 15 years Then I did the previous 10 or 15 years and I'm looking forward to that regal beauty that you get in your 50s When I tell you the women in my family, I saw that the um vlogs The birth date the women in my family age gracefully. They are very beautiful when they get it's like they you know Get better with wine. It's like their wine, you know, they get better with age better looking. Um My mom my mother was stunning when she was in her 20s and 30s, but she was Beautiful in her for she still is in her 40s and 50s I think that certain women reached their peak beauty So yeah, god besides that Look, I'm not vain. This is not about all about looks. Um Overall, yeah, I'm I'm excited about it. I'm excited about entering my 40s. That's how I should add it. That's how I should say um Absolutely, there are some things I wish I would have accomplished But I would say this maybe not you guys I really do think that we have to be okay with how things are going whether it be good or bad We have at a certain point You have to come to terms to with the way things have gone in your life Um, the woman that I befriended not too long ago. I said that I befriended at the bar She's in her mid 50s and I ask her.  She's like, well, I knew I never wanted to have kids But I thought that I would eventually marry someone who had kids, you know Because she said I she loves children.  I've come to terms that you know marriage isn't in the cards for everyone and You know also not being a mother isn't in the cards for everyone. I said, but you still have time. Look We should not allow I think a lot of us feel like, oh my god If I haven't done it by 40 if I haven't done it by 50 it's never gonna happen I know so many people like I said, I have friends of different ages. One of my good friends Um, I shouldn't say good friend. I should she's more of a friend slash associate. She Reach in my opinion, uh the equivalent of success in her 70s And I I admire her so much for that to where she didn't allow her age to stop her From achieving her dreams and what and to pursue that, you know, a lot of people view Okay, I'm too old to do that or you know, don't allow that so I guess you know Entering my 40s and all that Um, yes, I wish I was making more money Yes, I wish I was 20 pounds smaller health 30 pounds smaller and I would be transparent with you I wish my relationship was stronger with Some of my family members with with my husband not to say it's weaker bad, but I just wish it was stronger Um, and that's because I'm a type of person. I have high expectations And I shouldn't do that. Um But as I stated, I have come to terms or I'm trying to slowly come to terms with being okay with where I'm at Because what I found and it is something I didn't learn girl It took a while that when you try to go against what's already set for you That's when you start to suffer a little bit more When you basically do things out of god's will I'm a believer So that's why I believe in when you go against his will there is a right There is a perfect time and place for everything. There's a season for everything Whether that be relationships, whether that be whether that be career love that's relationships all of that financial You may not be ready for that, you know increase right now. You have me have to put he's preparing you for that Okay, I may not be ready for an extra $10,000. I know me. I'm gonna go spend it So I have to develop a certain type of habits In order to be blessed for that in the future So all the things that I went through through my 20s and 30s That's mo was molding me for the person in my 40s and 50s And that's really how you have to look at life. Some of these millennials. Oh my gosh They complain about suffering There is now one person I know who has not suffered and yes Some of us may suffer and I don't even want to say suffer because that's just Some of us may go through harsh or may go through things a little bit worse off than others, but 10 15 years from now that person's one of the strongest people Y'all I I'm gonna I'm gonna get a little bit personal because I know these people don't watch my video I worked with some women who I admired and this was when I worked for hospice and They were extremely strong and dependent and feminine. Excuse me. Um, very, um Pro-feminist women come to find out those two women were previously in Domestic abuse of Marriage is actually but I was shocked to know that that she went through all because The person I was speaking to did not seem like she would ever let someone touch her But that's what I'm talking about. You have no idea what people have gone through And you have not to say that you have to go through with someone, you know abusing you but People go through things and it it changes them, you know, and it means some people it changes them for the worst But overall it changes you from the better So absolutely I've gone through some stuff in my life But I don't allow that to determine my future instead. I use that as a stepping stone I learn from it at least I try y'all I really do I try to learn from my mistakes Sometimes I keep doing the same stupid stuff over and over and over, but I'm human, you know And what I've really been trying to do lately like I said is be okay with where I'm at right now Don't compare myself. I used to do that. It's real easy to do on social media social media is fake I can choose to show you what I put on my I can choose my instagram I could choose somebody else's instagram for my life and you would never know it I don't do that, but you see what I'm saying? It's fake It's not real that stuff that you see that's why people get so That's why people get shocked and surprised When someone all of a sudden and this is a trigger Someone all of a sudden commits suicide because they're like, well, they seemed happy and she just posted and y'all they You have no idea what people are going through Yeah, girl, I'm gonna add some little Look see I added that I mean I already look blessed but right now, you know, this is gonna add to it This is all look I I'm like a walk in Corinthians We have to do my hair, okay I'm gonna add my matte finding finishing spray, but my nyx I shouldn't have done that This is my date night outfit. It is a cute form-fitting dress Um got it for look. I'm a Ross. I'm a Ross shopper. Got it for do you see that? Yes Nine bucks from Ross really really cute, but she's form-fitting. So, uh We got this made-in-form girdle spanks. I'm not playing All right, y'all. This is my hair my makeup Show y'all the dress and the jacket and where I'm with this is the shoes. I'm wearing hold on Oh, did be cute. Yes. All right, y'all. This is the dress Yo girl got that girl to long got that girl to long Yeah, it's come through low long booty All right, y'all jacket All right like this. Oh, yeah How does mommy look baby? Good. Good. You like this dress? Yeah. Yeah All right, y'all. Take care. Bye