and this is Guillermo Sabatiere, your host for today. I am the Director of International Services for HSI, the Health and Safety Institute, Industrial Skills. And on today's show, Perspectives on Energy, we'll be talking about the European energy crisis and how that was a near miss. But is it really over? We'll talk more about this on the show. Welcome back. And as I'm sure most of you may already be aware, that Europe is right now undergoing a winter that isn't as cold as everybody had feared. So generally, they got really, really lucky. They definitely avoided energy collapse. For the most part, they had a lot of challenges coming up. Of course, with the war in the Ukraine and the Russian aggression out there, you're looking at the cutting of gas supplies to Europe. So as you can imagine, that of course had an impact on the energy supplies and of course, electrical supplies for the season for most of Europe. Now, mind you, some of the Russian gas is still flowing to other parts of Europe and namely, you know, some certain other nations, but definitely they have felt the pinch. More importantly, the fact is that a lot of their fleet ran on natural gas. So a lot of those combustion turbines, combined cycle plants, all use natural gas. And of course, any other conventional unit that once burned oil or coal had been gasified. Then they were running natural gas as the transition fuel before they went into renewables. Not to mention the fact that Europe on its own had quite, had more very aggressively towards those renewable goals and to limit their carbon footprint. But at the same time, they did what pretty much every other utility does whenever they have access to gas is that they rely mostly on that resource. It's a plentiful, it's easy to manage. It's relatively clean, or the cleanest of all the other fossil fuels. And it's quite easy to convert these older units to be able to burn natural gas. It's very, very, very beneficial to do this, right? Problem is, and now you're relying on a single source of fuel that's piped in. And that in itself presents a lot of problems, specifically reliability problems. So going into this crisis, right? And we've seen this all throughout the world as well.  And they shut down all of their nuclear generators. So now they're relying on renewables, whether it's solar or wind. And a large part of that, I think, is nearly half of their fleet ran on natural gas. But it's not just the generation of electricity. Europe has heavily depended on natural gas for heating, which is part of the problem that they were going to be facing this winter. Had the temperatures plummeted as everybody had feared that there would have been a serious issue and perhaps some loss, a lot more loss of life given the fact that there would have been no energy to heat their homes, heat their businesses. The other challenge, of course, was maintaining the industrial temple in most of Europe. There were issues where they were rationing power in some cases, right? And a lot of those were voluntary. But with a lot of government assistance and bailouts and subsidies, they were able to make it through. So this on its own, they may have avoided this crisis. They avoided energy collapse. So just last week, Europe was on the verge of doing rotating blackouts, meaning that they'll basically cut off some customers, open up the feeders to certain substations, and then they'll rotate through those throughout the peak of the day or the morning or the night, depending on what they need, in order to not have their grid collapse, right? Simply when their demand is greater than their available generation or when their load doesn't meet the demand, there's no balance on there. And then they have to, one way or another, they have to balance that, either by bringing on more generation, buying more power, or just reducing that load over on as seen in this case, the only option they had left was load reduction. Now, granted, fortunately, they had a warmer weather and they didn't run into that crisis yet. But as you can imagine, right? There's been a lot of aspects here. So where did they, where did they get most of the gas? Now that Russia wasn't supplying it. And a lot of that came from the U.S. in the form of a liquefied natural gas, LNG, which on its own is way more expensive than the gas that was being piped in from Russia. And of course, the only way that gets there is through shipping. That fuel has to be liquefied, brought over. And then of course, there's a whole other process of refining it and that's all very carbon intensive and it very emissions intensive. And not to mention the fact that it is expensive, really expensive compared to natural gas.  But at least they've been able to store a lot of this fuel to get them through the winter. Will it be enough? We shall see. And all of them have said that that's going to be close. The crisis is not over and they're definitely hanging on down the edge of their seats, given what's happening here. So what else is complicating the situation over there, right? Naturally, it's there by which they can get. Of course, a lot of the cost is being offset by subsidies. So these subsidies, whether it's a government bailout or in some cases Germany, for example, these bailouts constitute almost 7% of their GDP. That is considerable for a country like Germany. And other countries out there are still within single digits of other GDP when it comes to these government bailouts. But ultimately this will not be sustainable. Hopefully this armed conflict will come to an end and hopefully they'll be able to buy fuel once again from Russia. But this is a clear warning and a lesson learned of relying on a nation state that isn't always the friendliest when it comes to political issues. This also points out the other challenge, right? When it comes to portfolio diversity, if too much of your fleet is reliant on one single type of fuel, right? They got lucky. They were able to like use LNG and in place of their natural gas. Mind you, that wasn't a seamless transition. That probably has quite a bit of tweaking to get down at the plants to make that work. And I'm sure that has an issue on the maintenance cycle for all of those different units. But that being said, they're able to keep the lights on. Ultimately that is gonna present a problem down the road when it comes to maintenance issues or breakdowns or even overhauls that may accelerate that cycle forcing those outages a lot sooner. The other challenge that they're facing of course is the fact that they've had to bring some of the coal power plants back online just to be able to meet these demands. That's usually to the chagrin of a lot of the climate activists. But at the same time, it's either that or you end up without power. Well, of course they can always wear warmer coats but that's not usually an acceptable solution. Definitely when temperatures plummet and you have a vulnerable population in some cases, right? So, and on my final point here that I wanted to make this would be a little bit more in depth is the fact that France for the most part has a lot of nuclear power that fortunately they were able to sell the electrical output of those plants to the rest of Europe. However, a lot of those plants usually answer their maintenance cycle on these parts of the year and they're out for maintenance or refueling. So that once again limits the output they can generate. But this is not for the winter. And as I mentioned earlier, this is a warmer than usual season. So, and then they've had a drier than usual season. So what impact does this have in the near term and for the rest of the year? Well, one problem that we're seeing is water levels in some of these rivers, right? With the Danube or the Rhine even, you know that they have record low levels. And of course this is also seen in some of the reservoirs or some of the hydroelectric power. How's this gonna impact them coming into the spring of the summer, right? Well, it's already impacting them now because they don't have enough to run some of those hydroelectric dams to the power level they need. But more importantly is as they come into the summer, this crisis is going to extend all the way through that summer season. Namely, but because of the fact that they don't have the adequate water levels in some of these reservoirs, but also for the nuclear fleet, you have this warmer than usual water temperature in some of these rivers or bodies of water that they used for cooling. So as the cooling temperature is warmer than expected, the output of the plant is gonna be slightly lower than it's normally forecasted. So again, it's got another slight loss in the output of electricity for some of these generators. So this of course has brought up a lot of conversation, right? Regarding what's happening with their climate goals, clearly this proves to be quite a setback and it could be into the many years, perhaps a decade further than they had hoped. So again, another problem, right?  But many are saying that this is an opportunity to revisit and rethink how we are approaching this whole energy and treating it as a national security priority, no longer a climate or economic, well, firstly it's an economic or infrastructure asset, but rather treated as a national security asset, both in Europe and pretty much in every nation in the world. For them having adequate energy that's affordable and reliable is of national security importance. So this is an example of that. So how do we achieve that? And I mentioned this before in previous episodes, right? Where it's like usually it's diversification, right? Don't rely so much on one type of fuel, don't rely so much on renewables, don't rely so much or don't rely exclusively on one or two types of resources. Renewables are great and the battery storage is great, but they have their own will not save the day. In fact, in some cases they are not as reliable as we had hoped. And to the fact that they tend to be a little bit more expensive than some of these conventional generating facilities. So it's great that we're adding them and it's great that we're deploying them as the economics of it makes sense, but to rush full speed ahead at any cost is a very dangerous and unreliable place to put ourselves in as we just saw when it was happening in Europe. So what are some of the solutions that we're looking at? And one example, for example, is bringing it back here to the US, right? Is right now Bill Gates is considering West Virginia to expand some of its nuclear energy efforts, right? And a lot of these are, of course, those small modular reactors. We're gonna see quite a few more of those pop up everywhere and we're about maybe three to five years away until we begin to see what acceptance of this. So that is something that is coming. I think Europe is gonna have to change the attitude towards nuclear energy, especially the fact that here we're really behind and Europe has done a good job of keeping up with the technology and challenges there. France has done a great job, in fact, France is fully embraced in nuclear energy and they're all the better for it in this particular instance, right? Germany probably will reverse some of those decisions when it came to nuclear energy, much like, for example, California did, right? They had one power plant that was shut down with the Alvo Canyon and they reversed that. And now, of course, it's a whole other challenge of government subsidies in the state to keep it running because it was no longer economically beneficial for the Pacific Gas and Electric to keep it online. So now they're being kept online thanks to help from the state because simply there wasn't enough supply to justify taking it off, right? So examples like those, right, where they're considering different types of generating resources, right? The other interesting thing is that the small modular reactors, right, can also bring power to isolated communities and the need to build large transmission lines, transmission facilities may be a thing of the past, given the fact that now you can actually build one of these SMRs in a rural community and have it be completely isolated without the need for all this huge infrastructure that goes into it. So for them, they can actually be on their own and reliable, but also if anything happens to them, they will not have a negative impact on the rest of the grid because they are indeed isolated. Eventually though, as these different small little communities with their small SMRs begin to grow, they will most likely become where they're connected and the compliment and contribute to the overall grids and maybe even go hand in hand with some of these are renewable projects that often find themselves in far off rural areas that are mostly uninhabited. For example, those is in New Mexico, Arizona, some of the deserts of California, right? So that's an example of some of those regions like that that require a lot of transmission lines to get that power back, whereas having an SMR somewhere, it's just meets that need right away and it's clean and it's fully modular. So as the fuel is expended, the whole modular can be extracted and then replaced with a new module, which is the size of a small shipping container. So this is something you may see throughout, not just the US, but you may start to see this throughout Europe. I know that China is working on this quite extensively. They've got like nine different types of technology that they're currently working on in parallel. So they're definitely ahead. I know that Korea has recently working on the nuclear reactors both in the UAE, which is Dubai. And then of course they're going to be the ones working in the nuclear reactor for Saudi Arabia. And there's more to come. So those are the large-scale reactors. Most likely they will also get into the whole business of doing the smarter ones and maybe even micro with the reactor in some cases. So different options here. Energy storage of course is a huge importance right now. The problem is that with some of the current technology is they have a limited number of cycles and the charge rate is much slower than discharge rate. So in those cases, you know, they're still developing that but one of my previous shows I had somebody here from Energy Storage Systems, ESS, where they have the an iron salt water battery system that seems to be pretty reliable and sustainable and has thousands of cycles. So of course when you're dealing with the utility size and weight is not an issue. You can be as heavy as it wants as it needs to be. It's not moving, it's just there to provide energy. So the problem is they try to apply automotive or even electronic device battery technology to utilities and that becomes extremely expensive. And mainly because of the fact that it's a technology that was designed to save space and weight, not really efficiency right in this case. So we should be seeing more of that as well. Now, when it comes to looking at changes, right? When we're looking at problems with some of these issues, I mean natural gas on its own has had its supporters and detractors, right? I mean, here recently we are unrelated to the change in Europe, but here recently we had a challenge right to the fact that I'm sure that made the news where it's like a certain federal agency wanted to ban gas stoves. And it's a good number of households in the U.S. And I'm sure many households in Europe use natural gas stoves for cooking. And then of course a lot of furnaces and heaters are also fueled by natural gas. So that's an example, right? Where now it's like coming to the U.S. for example, the natural gas of course became a flashpoint for the cultural wars once again, right? Trying to ban a gas stove for the sake of cutting back on emissions of course sparked a whole new debate that of course forced that part of the government to back down. So this became quite a contentious issue. And in no doubt, I'm sure Europe is going to face the same problem, right? At some point they're going to try and ban gas fire appliances, which of course we met with some severe opposition. But their role towards complete electrification is moving a lot further ahead in this case, especially when it comes to cooking and household appliances, but at the same time, for them that'll be something that is looking, again, the cost of energy in Europe is far more expensive per kilowatt hour compared to the U.S. in general or the average cost. So that's another thing to consider. For example, they're asking these consumers to give up inexpensive appliances and then swap over to electric appliances that will of course, the costs are huge. So the only way to make that happen really is to provide some kind of like subsidy or stipend to be able to get this done, which is of course would be another issue that may or may not be sustainable given the head they've had with this crisis, this energy crisis they just faced in Europe and they are still facing right. One of the things that I remember seeing myself here, I mean, and with everything else, right? You're looking at prices, I mean, price of energy impacts or price of everything else, where it comes food, transportation of course, and all these other different commodities that we didn't take for granted on a day-to-day basis, it gets expensive though. I mean, basically a simple loaf of bread has now almost doubled in price, especially in France, right? One good example of that was they were talking about the baguette. The French baguette is now, for example, there are shortages for some periods of time, but now of course the price of that is impacting, for example, these food distributors, and of course the consumer itself at the end of the day has to buy food, which is usually prepared, usually using energy from natural gas. So again, that has an impact. So as we can see that this crisis will be felt by Europe well into the middle of this year or towards the end of the year. Going back to the funding, right? Aspirating costs for securing energy supplies and cushioning consumers from price spikes, right? This is just an article from Bloomberg that I was reading. So Germany has allocated 264 billion euros. That's 7.4% of the GDP. The UK has allocated 97 billion, that's 3.5% of their GDP. Italy has allocated 90, that's 5.1%, then France 69, that's 2.8%. The Netherlands is 43 billion, almost 44 billion, and that's 5%. And of course Spain, that's on the list, as they've allocated 38 billion, and then of course that's 3.2%. But Germany was the one that was hit the hardest with this, right? And 7.4% of the GDP is quite a big percentage of subsidies, right? To be able to absorb these energy spikes to keep it low for consumers. So again, this is not really sustainable and it's really stretching their fiscal capacity, right? Through this rest of the year. So it's definitely something that we're concerned with and going forward is something that I'm going to probably report on again, maybe in a few more episodes. How do we as, I guess as consumers in the US, when it comes to energy, right? Well, it's a matter of understanding, right? Knowing how the grid works, knowing how the energy mixes work. Now at HSIs, industrial skills training, one of the skills we teach is power system operations, whether it's for system operators, dispatching the grid, understanding reliability and there we help train operators, engineers and even planners to be able to prepare for these particular changes. One of the things that we've seen, right? With legislators or even policymakers, a lot of times is that they don't understand the system they're affecting. And usually some of this training becomes very beneficial to them. So at least understand what an energy mix even means, what reliability even means. So again, I encourage you all to visit hsi.com and go into their industrial skills tab to learn more about the training we offer, specifically on the power grid and training system operators as well. So all right, well, thank you. This is all I have for today. I look forward to seeing you all again in two weeks from now in the next episode and if you have any questions, go ahead and please add some of the comments and I'll try and get and respond to them as soon as I can. Thank you all and have a wonderful evening. Bye-bye. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn and donate to us at thinktechhawaii.com. Mahalo.


Can you imagine yourself not able to hear anything? Well, many develop hearing loss as the age. So, I am Dr. Arun Draikar, a consultant in TIT surgeon. I am here to discuss a few things about hearing loss. Hearing loss is a poor perceptibility or sensitivity of hearing. Any people can get this type of hearing loss. The causes of hearing loss include if we see the human right from the birth. So in the embryo stage or when the baby is in the mother's womb, the baby is exposed to more autotoxic medications or any antibiotics. So that affects the development of cochlea, which is the main center for the sound processing in the inner ear. So this is under the category of congenital hearing loss. So as the child ages, so because of the persistent cold or nasal infections or even because of the adenoids, the child can have a slight decrease in the hearing. So that's called a secret rivatitis media and that is easily treatable with medications and if it is in very late stage, we can just consider using grommets. A persistent cold can lead to a perforation on the ear drum, so that leads to a condition called as separative reticent media. Depending on the duration of the illness, we classify it as acute or chronic. The third category includes the hearing loss, which is caused because of infections, hypertension, diabetes or any viral infections or any vaso-spastic causes like sudden occlusion of the blood vessel which supplies the vestibular cochlear nerve, can present with sudden sensorineal hearing loss or any exposure to very loud sounds can cause noise induced hearing loss. And the commonest thing is the age-related hearing loss which sets in after the age of 45 to 50 years. That's a natural deterioration of the sensitivity of hearing. The first sign of hearing loss is poor perception or the appreciation of the direction from where the sound is coming. So the individual who presents to us with the hearing loss usually complains that he is not able to pick up the conversation or when they're in a group of people, they'll be usually missing out certain sounds, certain words in the speech and they need a higher TV volume to understand the programs. Or another sign of, first sign of hearing loss is that they'll have autophony.  So that's called as autophony. The person who comes with the hearing loss, we usually do a clinical examination of the ear, so which includes autoscopy to see the status of the ear drum. The ear drum looks fine, so then we usually go ahead with the audiometry test to assess the sensitivity of the individual's hearing. So if we suspect any mid-layer causes, we do an impedance audiometry. So that picks up if there is any blockage of the eustachian tube or the mid-layer cleft problems can be diagnosed with the impedance audiometry or the oscicular intactness can be diagnosed with the impedance. Hearing loss can be treated at various stages. So initially when we diagnose the hearing loss in a baby, so we do a test called as baratest, that is, brainstem ear response audiometry. So this helps in identifying whether the nerves from the cochlea till the mid-brain. If there is any lapse in the connection, which will be easily picked up by the baratest, so accordingly we can proceed with the cochlear implant in children at the age of 2 to 3 years, that is, we call it as prelingual candidates. So we usually go ahead with cochlear implantation for stimulation of the hearing. So as in adults, when they have a discharge or ruptured ear drum, so that needs a reconstruction of the ear drum. So that procedure is called as tympanoplasty or if there is any damage to the ossicles of the mid-layer. So we do an ossicular reconstruction that's called as ossicular plasty and if there is any involvement of the bone, that is a mastoid bone, so that needs complete disease clearance, that's called as mastodontomy and it depends on the type of disease, whether it is a safe or unsafe. So safe type is when there is only perversion of the ear drum without any signs of disease spreading towards the bone. So normally when it spreads to the bone, we usually call it as a ticoantral disease, so that needs a complete accentration of the mastoid bone, we remove the ear cells of the mastoid and if required for further monitoring of the cavity, we are going to reduce the posterior wall of the external canal so that the ear canal gets much with the mastoid. Hearing loss can be prevented by following various methods, something like the individuals, those are exposed to very noisy surroundings, it's better to wear earplugs or ear maskers or dampeners, so to just avoid exposure to very loud sounds for prolonged duration and other ways of preventing hearing loss is to avoid taking more of amine and glycoside antibiotics which have a very strong autotoxic potential where it damages the neurons on a prolonged usage, so that can lead to hearing loss. So by avoiding certain antibiotics and continuous exposure to sounds and avoiding smoking or any consumption of alcohol, again avoiding helps in preventing hearing loss.


Good evening aspirants, welcome to the hindu news analysis by Shankara A.S academy for the day 26th of May 2023. First of all, I would like to convey my wishes to all the aspirants who are appearing for the pull-ins examination that is to be conducted this Sunday. Do well, don't panic, you will definitely clear the examination. Also I have another announcement for you, there won't be any videos on 27th and 28th of May that is Saturday and Sunday, we will resume the activities from Monday that is from 29th May. Okay, here I have displayed the articles we will be discussing today, now let's start the discussion. Look at this article, it says that IRDAI is planning to introduce an affordable bundled insurance product called BMATRINITY. This is to address the country's low insurance penetration. In this context in our discussion today, we will learn about what are BIMA SUGAM, BIMA VAHAK and BIMA VISTARA. These three are only called as the BIMA TRINITY of IRDAI. First we will see about BIMA SUGAM. BIMA SUGAM is an online platform created by the IRDAI that is the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India. It serves as an one-stop shop for all insurance related needs such as purchasing policies, settling claims and seeking insurance advice. See, we have NIKYA, MINTRA or Amazon for all our fashion needs. Similarly, BIMA SUGAM is a platform for all our insurance needs. Basically, it would be a centralized marketplace where all the insurance products of different insurance companies will be available. Different entities like web aggregators, brokers, insurance agents and bank agents can act as facilitators on this platform and they can sell insurance policies. So basically it provides a centralized database that helps the consumers with their insurance queries and it also allows them to view policy details and renewal information very easily. This is all about BIMA SUGAM. Then we have the BIMA VAHAK. BIMA VAHAK is an initiative by the IRDAI and it is aimed at reaching the last mile of insurance penetration. So, how does this work? In each gram panchayat, there will be a designated person called a BIMA VAHAK. This BIMA VAHAK will be responsible for selling and servicing simple parametric bundled insurance products. This initiative actually focuses on woman-centric insurance distribution. Also, it aims to build trust and awareness about insurance products in rural areas. We know how banking correspondents work right? They provide financial and banking services to the consumers in unbanked areas. So, we can say that BIMA VAHAKS are similar to the banking correspondents in rural banking, but they sell insurance services instead of banking services. This is about BIMA VAHAK. Moving on, let us take BIMA VISTAR. BIMA VISTAR is a special insurance product being developed by the IRDAI. Its main purpose is to provide affordable and comprehensive coverage to people living in rural areas. The focus is on protecting them from natural disasters like flood and earthquake that can cause significant damage. So, now, individuals and communities will have financial security during natural calamities. Know that this product will be launched on the BIMA SUGUM online portal. This will make it easier for people to access these benefits. So, that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about the BIMA TRINITY launched by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India. Now, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. Look at this news article. It says that the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has shared a draft recommendation. It suggests that all women should have breast cancer screening every other year starting at the age of 40. However, in India, we have been following guidelines from the Indian Radiology and Imaging Association. This guideline advises women to begin screening with mammograms every two years after 40. So, the new U.S. guideline don't directly affect India. Unfortunately, in India, compliance is the problem because many women only go for mammogram when they notice something wrong. This is about the news article. So, in this discussion, we will see about breast cancer. Breast cancer is a complex disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the breast tissue. Actually, there are different types of breast cancer, but the most common types of breast cancer are invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma. In invasive ductal carcinoma, cancer cells originate in the milk ducts of the breast and have potential to spread to other parts of the breast. On the other hand, invasive lobular carcinoma begins in the lobules of the breast and can also spread to nearby breast tissues and other areas of the body. Now, we will see about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer. The common warning signs include presence of new lumps in the breast or underarm area, then thickening or swelling of particular parts of the breast, irritation or dimpling in the breast skin, redness or flaky skin around the nipple area, nipple pain or retraction, nipple discharge and any other change in the shape and size of the breast. So, it is important to consult a healthcare professional if any of these signs are observed. Now, how it is diagnosed? Usually, mammograms are widely used as a diagnostic tool for detecting breast cancer. They are X-ray images of the breast, so it can help doctors to identify any abnormalities or potential cancerous growth. Regular mammograms are considered the most effective method for early detection. Know that with mammograms, often breast cancer can be detected up to three years before it can be felt manually. Basically, early detection means easier treatment. Now, we will see about the treatments for breast cancer. The treatment for breast cancer depends on various factors including the type and stage of cancer. Mostly, surgery is the common approach which involves removal of cancerous tissue through lupectomy which means removal of tumor or mastectomy which means removal of the entire breast. Then, we have chemotherapy. Chemotherapy may be recommended to shrink or kill cancer cells using specialized medication. These medications may be administered orally or intravenously. Then, hormone therapy is another option. It basically blocks hormones needed for cancer growth. Then, biological therapy works with body's immune system to fight cancer cells or manage side effects from other treatment. Finally, radiation therapy. It utilizes high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells and it is often used for surgery to target any remaining cancerous cells. This is about the treatment for breast cancer. So, that's all regarding this discussion. Here, we saw about the types of breast cancer, its diagnostic method and the treatment available. Now, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. Now, look at this article from the text and context page. This article gives us a clear picture about the recusal of judges. Here, the term recusal of judge refers to the withdrawal of a judge from hearing a legal case. Now, why is this topic suddenly in news? This is because on 10th May 2023, a former Supreme Court judge, Justice M. R. Shah, refused to recuse himself from hearing a plea moved by former IPS officer Sanju Bhatt. The plea of Mr. Bhatt has sought to admit additional evidence in an appeal filed by him in the Gujarat High Court that is challenging his conviction in the 1990 custodial death case. Following this plea, Mr. Bhatt also made another application in the Supreme Court that particular sought for the recusal of Justice M. R. Shah from hearing Mr. Bhatt's case. Mr. Bhatt contended that there was reasonable apprehension of bias by Justice Shah. This was because earlier as a high court judge of Gujarat, Justice Shah passed orders against Mr. Bhatt while hearing his plea linked to the same 1990 custodial death case. So, Mr. Bhatt made an application in the Supreme Court for the recusal of Justice M. R. Shah. However, Justice Shah dismissed the plea by stating that this move was an attempt to indulge in bench hunting. Here the term bench hunting is nothing but the action of the petitioner to get cases heard by a particular judge or court to ensure favorable order. So, by stating the attempt of bench hunting, Justice Shah dismissed the plea of Mr. Bhatt for the recusal of his own. This is one case. Similarly, a few weeks ago, the Chief Justice of India, Justice D. V. Chandrachudh rejected an application. That particular application sought the recusal of the CJI from hearing petitions seeking legal recognition of same-sex marriages. So, in the backdrop of these two cases only, this particular article about recusal of judge has made news today. So, in our discussion today, we will understand the points provided in the article. And before that, the syllabus relevant to the discussion is highlighted here. You can make a note of it. Now, first let us understand the term recusal of judges. Firstly, a judge can withdraw or recuse himself from a case whenever there is a potential conflict of interest. Here, the conflict of interest can arise in many ways. Like, the particular judges holding shares in a litigant company or the judges having prior or personal association with the party and so on. So, in this case, the judges recuse himself to avoid bias while deciding a case. This is one of the reasons for recusal. Apart from this, a judge can recuse himself from a case when an appeal is filed in the Supreme Court against the High Court judgment delivered by the same judge before his elevation as Supreme Court judge. This is also done to avoid bias of the judge. These are the two main reasons for the recusal of judges. Now, moving on, we will see about the procedure for recusal. See, there are two procedures for recusal. Firstly, automatic recusal. In this case, a judge himself withdraws from the case. Secondly, a judge recuses when a party raises a plea for recusal by highlighting the possibility of bias or personal interest of judge in that particular case. And note that the decision to recuse res solely on the consents and discretion of the judge and no party can compel a judge to withdraw from a case. Now, what happens when a judge recuses himself from a case? If a judge recuses himself, the case is listed before the Chief Justice for Allotment to an Alternative Bench. After that, the CJA allots the case to another bench. Note that India has no codified rules governing the recusal process. However, several Supreme Court judgments have dealt with the issue of recusal. Now, coming to the next question. Do judges need to record a reason for recusal? As we saw just now, India has no statutory rules to govern recusal process. So, it is often left to the judges themselves to record reasons for recusal. Sometimes, judges specify the reasons orally in open court, while other judges issue a written order by recording the reasons. So, it is up to the judges to decide whether to reveal the reason for recusal or not. Now, what about the recusal in other foreign jurisdiction? Unlike India, the US has a well-defined law on recusal. See, Title XXVIII of the US Code provides some details about the groan for disqualification of justice, judge or magistrate judge. Such rules are also codified in the American Bar Association Model Code of Judicial Conduct. The Title XXVIII of the US Code specifies three groans for recusal. Firstly, financial or corporate interest of the judge in the litigants firm. Secondly, a case in which the judge was a material witness or a lawyer. And finally, the judge's relationship to a party. So, if a judge in the United States is involved in any of these groans, then he should have to recuse himself from hearing the case. This is all about the recusal procedure followed in the United States. Apart from the United States, the United Kingdom also has laws on judicial recusal and they were evolved through judicial pronouncements. Now finally, let us see some points about the rules that are formulated by the Supreme Court regarding the recusal of a judge. The Supreme Court has outlined various factors that are needed to be taken into consideration for deciding the impartiality of a judge. The factors were outlined while giving various judgements. Firstly, in the Ranjitha Kurvas Union of India 1987 case, the Supreme Court ruled that the judge should need to look at the mind of the party before him and not to look at his own mind. So, the Supreme Court said that if there is reasonable apprehension of bias in the minds of the litigant, a judge should recuse himself from hearing the case. Secondly, in the case of Supreme Court Advocates on Record Association with Union of India 2015 case, the Supreme Court observed that if a judge has a percussionary interest, no further enquiry is needed to decide whether there would be a bias or not. So, if a judge is having some interest in any of the litigant's firm, there is no enquiry needed to prove the bias. So, the judge has to recuse himself from hearing the case. However, in other cases, the Supreme Court said that the enquiry is required to prove real danger of bias. From the judge once it is clear that if a judge is having some interest in any of the litigant's firm, then the judge has to recuse himself from hearing the case. Whereas in other cases, it is up to the judge to decide on recuse him. So, that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw the background of the reason why recuse him recently made news. Then, we saw about the provisions in India. Then, we saw how the process is followed in the foreign countries. Finally, we saw the Supreme Court judgments regarding the procedure for recuse him. I hope this discussion was helpful. Now, let us conclude this discussion and take up the next news article. Look at this news article. The news article reports that four members of the Bukkarwal family and nomadic tribe of Jammu and Kashmir were killed when a tree fell on their tent. In this context, let us learn about the Bukkarwal's. The Bukkarwal's are a nomadic ethnic group. They primarily rear goats and sheep in the high altitudes of the Great Himalayan range during summer. During winter, they moved to the plains and the foothills of the Shivalic mountains. Due to this migration only, we call them nomadic group. This migration is driven by the need to find suitable grazing grounds and better living conditions for their livestock, which is basically sheep. During the harsh winter months, the Kashmir Valley experiences extreme cold and heavy snowfall. This makes it difficult for the Bukkarwal's to continue their pastoral activities. Therefore, they migrate to the warmer regions of the Jammu. Here, the climate is more favorable for their sheep and it also provides them with better access to food and shelter. So, in Jammu, the Bukkarwal's settle in the plains and hilly regions where they can find ample grazing land for their sheep. They establish temporary settlements and make use of available resources to support their livelihood during the winter months. These settlements are often consisting of tents and temporary shelters that can be easily set up and disbandled as they move. As the winter season comes to an end and the weather becomes more favorable, the Bukkarwal's make their way back to the Kashmir Valley for the summer season. In short, we can say that the Bukkarwal's are mostly goat herders and shepherds and they move from one place to another with their herd seasonally. See, the Bukkarwal's are listed as a scheduled tribe in the Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir and in Ladakh. They are the largest Muslim tribe in India and they are the third largest ethnic community in Jammu and Kashmir region. Apart from the Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, you can also find Bukkarwal's in the Afghan province of Nirustan. The Bukkarwal's play a significant role in the economy and culture of the regions where they reside. Their experience in herding and their knowledge of the land are vital for their survival and the well-being of their communities. They sustain their livelihood based on animal products they get from their cattle. That is all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw the basic things you have to know about the Bukkarwal tribe for film examination. Now, let us conclude this and take up the next news article. Look at this article here. It says that the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India will conduct nationwide surveillance this year. This surveillance is aimed at curming the adulteration of milk and milk products in both organized and unorganized sectors. This is about the news article. In this context, let us learn about milk adulteration and then about FSSEA. Let's start with milk adulteration. Milk adulteration refers to the process of intentionally degrading milk quality. This is done either by adding some inferior products like water or by removing some valuable ingredients like butter. In India, milk adulteration has become quite common where it is being done to increase the quantity of milk and to make profit illegally. Some adulterants like water, urea, detergents, starch and synthetic milk are used to adulterate the milk in India. If we look at the data, the results of National Milk Safety and Quality Survey 2018 showed that 12 out of 6432 samples of milk were found unsafe for human consumption due to adulteration. The World Health Organization has warned that if milk adulteration in India is not stopped, a significant proportion of the population might face life-threatening diseases by the year 2025. Now, who is responsible for checking the milk adulteration in India? The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India is the authorized government body that checks Food and Safety Regulation in India. It is the FSSAI that conducts surveillance on adulteration of milk in India. Now, let us see some points about FSSAI. FSSAI is an autonomous cum statutory body established under the Food Safety and Standards Act 2006. It is functioning under the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and it is headquartered in New Delhi. The primary responsibility of the FSSAI is to lay down science-based standards for articles of food. Apart from this, FSSAI also regulates manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import of food items. This is to ensure the availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption. Now, we will see the organizational structure of FSSAI. The FSSAI comprises of a chairman and 22 members. Of the 22 members, one-third should be women. The chairperson and the members of FSSAI are appointed by the central government. This is about the organizational structure. Moving on, let us see about the functions of FSSAI. Firstly, it frames regulations to lay down the standards and guidelines for food safety and for laboratories in food businesses. Secondly, it grants food safety licenses and certification for food businesses. Thirdly, it provides suggestions to the government in framing the policies related to food standards. Fourthly, it collects data regarding contaminants in food products and identification of emerging risk. And fifthly, it creates an information network across the country about food safety. And finally, it promotes general awareness about food safety and food standards. So, that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we covered the basics of milk adulteration and about the organization called FSSAI. Now, with this, let us conclude the news article discussion and take up the practice problems questions. We have four practice problems questions today. Let us see them one by one. Let us take up the first question. With reference to the insurance regulatory and development authority of India, which of the following statements is incorrect? First option, the nodal ministry of IRDAI is the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. This is incorrect because the nodal ministry is Ministry of Finance. Other than this, all the three statements given here are correct. IRDAI is a 10-member body. As per IRDAI, third-party liability insurance is mandatory for all vehicles playing on public roads in India. IRDAI adjudicates and disputes between insurers and intermediaries. Since they are asking for the incorrect statements, the correct answer here is option A. Moving on to the next question. This is a pair-based question. On one side, tribes are given and on the other side, states where they are located is given. See, if you have been reading the newspaper daily or if you have been watching our news analysis daily, you would be knowing that the Mai Tai tribe is from Manipur and not from Gujarat. Other than that, from our discussion, we know that Bakkerwals are from Jammu and Kashmir and Irulas are from Tamil Nadu. Since only two pairs given here are correctly matched, the correct answer is option B. Two pairs only. Moving on to the next question. It is a three-statement question about FSSAI. Let us take up the first statement. It is functioning under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare. This statement is incorrect. FSSAI is functioning under the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Okay. Moving on to the second statement. It may issue guidelines or orders from time to time for ensuring the safety of food imported into India. This statement is correct. It is one of the functions of FSSAI. Now moving on to the third statement. It grants food safety license and certification for all food businesses. This we saw in the discussion itself. Third statement given here is correct. Since statements two and three are correct and since they are asking for the correct statements, the correct answer here is option B. Two and three only. Moving on to the last question. This is a quiz question for you. This is based on our breast cancer discussion. Okay. Interested aspirants can post the answer for this question in the comment section. The main question based on today's discussion is displayed here. Interested aspirants can write the answers and post it in the comment section. If you like today's video, like, comment and share it with your friends. For more updates regarding UPC preparation, subscribe to Shankar A.S. Academy's YouTube channel. I am reiterating the announcement. On 27th and 28th May, there won't be any news or latest video. We will resume the process from 29th May. Thank you.


So just quickly, I know that this will save you time if you want these resources for your ministry or for yourself for a discipleship That's great. If not, that's great too. So I just wanted to really quickly talk about first of all if you want to be put on the email mailing list, this will just let you know when I'm going to be speaking in your area and Debbie will let you know that along with any new books that come out and we do Lord willing hope to have Ephesians ready by the end of this year So and next after that Lord willing will be the sermon on the mountain and I'm not sure what will come out I have several I've written that haven't been published yet. So we're just Waiting to see the first one is Nikki mentioned was with the master in the school of tested faith And if you don't know anything about my studies, they're written in expository fashion, which just basically means verse by verse through books of the Bible I cover the entire book verse by verse explain its meaning a little bit like of what you heard last night with application and illustration for women and Then at the end of every chapter there are study questions There's a memory verse and there are application questions. So this one's on James The second one that came out was with the master on our knees. This is a look at prayers in the Old and New Testament There's also two chapters in here on fasting and praying. I believe this is something that we as New Testament Christians Don't do, you know, Jesus didn't say if you fast He says when you fast and so I look at every instance in the in the scriptures on when God's people fasted and prayed and in every instance God intervened except in the case of David with Bathsheba as we know God already told him You will not die, but the child will die David fasted and prayed for seven days but the child did die because God's not a liar and So that's a little bit different in that book, but it is verse by verse. I cover the prayer of Jehoshaphat I cover the prayer of Solomon for wisdom a lot of the Old Testament prayers a lot of the New Testament prayers The third one Bible study that came out was with the master is fullness of joy Which is on Philippians again written in the same fashion as the other ones and then the one that came out I think it's a year been over a year now is with the master in the mirror of God's word This is on 1st John great book if you struggle With assurance of your salvation Which a lot of people do John has 20 tests This John is written he these things I've written that you might know for sure you have eternal life And so he goes through a series of tests also deals with the terrible heresy of Gnosticism which by the way is in our churches today and Nothing new under the Sun It's just it's just bled a bread in a different way. It has a different title but so that's dealt with in in 1st John and then I took kind of the just the 20 tests from that because there is so Many it seems as I go around and travel a lot of women really struggle They wonder about their salvation are they genuinely saved and so I wrote a little booklet called 20 little tests for God's little children Not 20 little tests 20 tests for God's little children, and they're not little tests Believe me every once in a while go through these making sure you know examining my own self to make sure that I'm in the faith even though I'm a hundred percent sure as much as I can be that I am but I as Paul says He wants to beat his body into subjection least he himself is a castaway least he himself would go apostate and so we want to always be examining ourselves and so There's 20 tests here for God's children.  So that's a very helpful little booklet in the back of it Are also the 20 tests from 1st John along with all the tests in James James also is a great book if you want to examine yourself to see if you're in the faith for sure read James read 1st John and That should that should answer it for you I have a heart for discipleship as Nikki said and every time somebody asked me I don't turn him down I and I was like I when people say how many women do you disciple? I go I don't know till I start looking at my contact list in my phone and then figure it out but the Lord this is really truly a love of my life is to disciple and I I love discipleship. I love meeting with women. I love trying to help them in their walk with Christ and so This is an area that I think is really lacking in churches today We're I cannot tell you how many places I've been where there are young women and they say there is no Woman in this church that is willing to disciple me I had one young girl.  It's a command In fact, I grabbed a lady in my church the other night And I said here's a new lady in our church and I said I'm really kind of to the brim right now So I said you can pray about it, but it's a command from God old women are to teach young women So Tuesday night I grabbed her again. I said well, what's your decision? She goes I'm gonna do it I'm gonna do it and I said good because you need to be obeying God and you're ready to disciple So this deals with who should disciple when where how and all I give a lot of practical tips on discipleship and then Called a scripture memory. I do love To memorize God's word and I share in this little booklet the technique my husband shared with me when I met him over 41 years ago He had most of the New Testament memorized when I met him And so he's really the one that taught me his method and he's always teasing me when I throw those Bible verses at him He says I wish I'd never taught you to memorize scripture and He's joking of course, but anyway This is my little journey on scripture memorization again How do you do it when where and all those questions are answered in that little booklet? So that's kind of what's out there. We also have a lot of CDs everything that I've ever taught on is on CD You can also download several things from my website to listen to you can get on worldview weekend I do a weekly Bible study for ladies on worldview weekend right now I'm teaching Ephesians on worldview weekend this fall. I will be teaching the Sermon on the Mount. That's an internet radio www.worldviewweekend.com and So you can listen to that you can download the homework from my website if you want to a lot of churches will take the whatever I'm teaching on the radio and They will listen to that as a group of ladies and then download the homework from my website and do that in their Bible study so you can do that as well We have a lot of my teachings now on DVD. We have a lady in our church. I'll let you come get this We have a lady in our church that This is Debbie and she is definitely such a blessing to me. So you want to meet her at least but Anyway We have a lady in our church that videos all my teachings on Tuesday night and puts them all together And so she's in the process of getting all my teachings together But we do have quite a few of them and a few of them now in DVDs. So anyway enough of all that I am thankful. In fact, I was telling my husband the other day. I said, I can't believe we're gonna celebrate our 40th I said I thought we I didn't think we'd be married 40 years and he said why not and I said because I didn't think you'd live that long He's you know, especially the level he's diabetic and the last five years six years He's had a couple of brushes with death and he's always like the fall I mentioned last night This is like a common occurrence in our house now. There's I tell my son I said, you know every two or three months something will go wrong with your dad So that's just the way it is, but I am thankful for a very godly husband I I so thankful for his headship and his encouragement, you know, he really does love me the way Christ loved the church He one of the things that he has done is is as men are commanded to study their wives and to know their wives And he has pushed me all these years to excel in Spiritually in my spiritual gifts and he's not possessive He is not jealous and he wants me to be serving the Lord and using my my Gifts for the kingdom and so I'm so thankful for him and And blessed by God to have a very godly man and one that knows the Bible better really than anybody I know living so very thankful for him and anyway don't how he got off on all that but All right. Well, let's get down to business and now where we're done at 10 30, right or before 10 15 or something Okay, well, this will be interesting. Can you get up here and wrap with me? Did that I don't think I could do that now I have four adopted children grandchildren from Africa They could probably do that but Anyway, well, let's pray and Turning your Bibles to 1st Peter chapter 4 for those of you that weren't here last night I won't really go into where we're going. You know where we're going you have an outline there and the first two sessions this morning are gonna be on what to do in the fiery furnace and last night we looked at five keys to loving life and You can get that I think on a CD. They said if you were not here last night, but for this morning Let's turn to 1st Peter chapter 4 verses 12 to 14 and let's pray together Father thank you so much for this time and I do thank you for your word Lord, it is the delight of our heart for we are called by your name Oh God and I pray that this morning that the words your words would be more important to us Than our necessary food Lord that we would find them and they would be sweet to our mouth sweeter than honey Father, I pray that we would digest them and that we would Not just leave them there in our mind But Lord that we would take the things that are spoken in your word and that we would Go and obey and do your word Lord. James says if any man is a here, but not a doer He has deceived himself into thinking that all he needs to really do is here But not do anything about it and that man or that woman has deceived themselves thinking they're a Christian when they're not So God, I pray that we would be doers of your word and Lord that we would humble ourselves before you this morning and Say yes, Lord to whatever it is that you would have us to do that you might be glorified That you might be exalted in this hour. I pray in Christ's name. Amen Well, as you already know I've from Oklahoma even though I was born in Wisconsin, but I live in Tulsa area Tulsa, Oklahoma and When I tell people I'm from Oklahoma There's usually a couple things that come to their mind first of all is the musical, you know, Oklahoma we're the And or you know, they taught they talk about the federal building that was bombed You know, that was a terrible tragedy when that happened but one of the things about Oklahoma is we have these terrible tornadoes and in fact we were hit by an F5 back in May of 2013 and Done did some terrible. I mean just massive devastation And Oklahoma is different than a lot of states in that we have a bad weather even though you guys have your share of bad weather, too But but we do have terrific Thunderstorms and tornado we are known as tornado alley and many of these storms that come into our city come very unexpected Especially tornadoes the other night Debbie and I were taking a gal out to dinner for her birthday in our church And and we were in a restaurant and all the everyone's cell phone was going off saying tornado warning get out You know and my husband called and he said Susan get out of the restaurant get home And we had a 30-minute drive home and the tornado was following us all the way and that was really that was about the the weirdest out I've been in a while and Debbie said I wonder if this is our time and I said Well, it might be we're gonna be sucked up in this thing but You know in the spiritual realm all of us as Christians have tornadoes don't we in our life we have storms not not physical, but we have spiritual storms Much as our much of our life is filled with unexpected storms Some storms come in the form of a mist like a broken arm My husband falling and breaking his elbow a sick child Or a day in which everything goes wrong. We talked about that last night Some storms come in the form of a steady rain Like a child who is sick for days and days and days A betrayal by what you thought was your best friend An unexpected move Some of life's storms are a little more severe. They come in the form of thunder storms like an unfaithful husband A rebellious child who leaves home or a family member or a dear friend that gets sick and then dies I think probably the most frightening of all life storms are the tornadoes the hurricanes of life These storms perhaps might involve persecution for your faith Or separation from a friend or a family member because of your stand for what christ says and they reject you Or maybe a catastrophe of some sort which affects your city or the world that you live in like The supreme court decision of june 26 that will forever change the course of the united states Ladies life is filled with storms, right? That's a fact But when the storms of life come into your world, what's usually the first thing that you ask the lord? Why Why is this happening to me lord? And ladies sometimes we don't know why and sometimes it's we'll never know We will never know there's some things that have happened to me. I still don't know why I have no idea why But another question we should be asking we don't often ask but we need to be asking is how How lord do you want me to respond as I go through this storm of life? And ladies my question to you this morning is where do we go? For the answer to the wise and the house of life's storms, where do we go? Well for the believer in jesus christ, we go what to his word, right? That's where we should be going That's where we should be going and I can think of no better place To land when we ask the question why and how then first peter because as I mentioned last night These christians were going through storms that you and I cannot even imagine at least not yet Even though I believe some of us in this room will face similar things And so we're going to study this in this session in the session to follow And there are seven answers you have an outline there seven answers to the question why why lord is this happening? And then there are five answers to the how How do you want me to respond? So let's read verses 12 through 14 where we're going to be in our time in this first session first peter for 12 through 14 Beloved do not think it's strange concerning the fiery trial which is sent to test you So some strange thing happened to you But rejoice in as much as your partakers of christ's suffering that when his glory shall be revealed You may be glad also with exceeding joy If you are reproached for the name of christ happy are you for the spirit of god and of glory resteth upon you On their part. He is blasphemed But on your part. He is glorified Now again, I want to remind you these readers that are reading this epistle their storms are different than ours. Okay They're being killed for their faith in jesus christ many of them have lost their homes They're much like the group in syria where they've been forced to flee their homes. They have no food They have no shelter many of them are being killed for their faith in jesus christ And yet ladies the message is still the same for us as it is to them no matter what storm you are facing this morning And so peter begins by saying beloved don't think it's strange concerning the fiery trial which is sent to test you Ladies it's a great comfort to me And I hope it's a great comfort to you and it's a great comfort to these readers that we're living in that time That peter begins by calling them beloved.  It will help us go through any storm of life Ladies it helps you and I to know as we go through trials to know our father loves us one man said What a sweet pillow upon which to rest our weary hearts just to know the father loves us end of quote Well after reminding them of the father's love peter them reminds them don't think your trials are strange In fact, literally it reads Stop thinking it a thing alien to you Don't think it's strange concerning this trial Now ladies we need to understand the context here the Gentile converts in this time Would not be used to being persecuted for their faith In christ this would be something foreign to them They would think it out of place And contrary to the blessing of being a christian In fact, you know, I've met people today that think the same thing They think coming to christ means health wealth Prosperity no worries.  Did you consider the cost before you became a christian? Jesus says consider the cross hard is the way it's hard.  They wouldn't hate you If they've persecuted me, they'll persecute you Now when peter tells them don't think it odd that they're going through fiery trials The grint the greek tense is in the present imperative which forbids It forbids ladies listen very carefully A puzzled continued reaction of being shocked You know what this tells me when a trial comes into my life If I remain in that state of like whoa, why is this happening lord when I keep on doing that i'm sinning Because peter says stop it stop doing that Don't continue to be shocked at the trial that comes into your life You know what happens if you do that if you never accept the trial the storm as a gift from your beloved heavenly father You know what happens you can't deal with the test You start taking drugs or whatever it is to deal with your situation And you can't deal with it In fact in the 40 years that my husband has pastored I have watched people go through trials for long periods of time And I wonder how come they're not able to accept this How come they can't accept this trial as a gift from the lord? How come they're not in church anymore? What's happening to them? They struggle they fight against god And yet I have to tell you that in the those same 40 years I've watched other believers in jesus christ Received storms of life from the heavenly father that I can't even imagine myself going through And I'm encouraged by watching them and wonder susan Could you respond like they have responded if god were to give you that trial? And their faith and their strength encourages me So ladies the number first answer to why why is this happening lord? It's a promise and that what peter says Don't be surprised by the strange trial that's come to test you. It's a promise. It's to be expected It's part of the course you enrolled in when you signed up to be a christian. Did you think about that? You know some of us don't consider the cost but nonetheless it's a part of being a disciple of jesus christ In fact, I heard about a father whose son was killed in a car wreck and at the funeral he went up to the pastor and he said this He said I want to know Where was god? When my son was killed And the pastor turned to him and he said the same place he was when his son was killed Ladies god is still on the throne And we must not forget that as we go through trials. It's a part of life, right? It's a part of life Now notice peter calls these trials fiery. What does that mean? Well, the word fiery means a burning or a furnace Something that is ignited In fact, the particular greek word is used only here and in revelation Where it talks about babelon's destruction and it calls it the smoke of her burning And so many people believe this is a literal burning. It's a real real fire And it that's possibly very true because remember many of them as I mentioned last night They were being rolled in pitch or tar and then set to light They were set to fire To be lit for nero's gardens at night. I've just got finished reading a book by jc Ryle called in I think somebody in old times talking about those that were burned at the stake during the time of queen mary And you know, actually some of them they would be be burning and their arms would fall off and parts of their body would fall off While they were still living And they would still be begging people to repent So it could be literal when he says don't be surprised at the fiery trial because Many of them were being burned to death but not all of them were being burned to death So it could refer to being tested by fire as peter says the fiery trials which are sent to test you In fact in first peter one seven He's already talked talked to them about being tested as by fire And he refers to it there in first peter one seven as a refining process That gold goes through where it's melted and this hot hot fire until all the impurities Are skimmed off and then you have left this pure gold You know, that's what job says He says I know that he knows the way that I've taken and when he has tried me I will come forth as gold and ladies job went through a trial that you and I can't even imagine going through Losing all your kids losing everything you own having a lovely wife that tells you to curse god and die I mean having sores all over your body and yet he says he knows the way I take And then when he's finished testing me, I'll come forth as gold I'll come forth as gold. The psalmist says for you. Oh gord.  You have refined us as silver is refined You know, we might say today boy. She's really going through a fiery trial fiery trial So the second answer to why why lord is this happening? There's a purpose. It's to test you Peter says don't be surprised at the fiery trial which is sent to Test you in fact the word for try means here in the greek to try you For probation or a putting to the proof Trying to see if you are genuine Ladies god wants to test us to see if we're real He wants to test us. He wants to purify the sin out of our life Will I persevere will I deny the lord? You know the storms of life really show what we are made of don't they aren't they? I think as we as women go through the trials of life. It really shows who we really are It shows who we really are Are we really leaning on the everlasting arms? Are we really a child of the king? Are we leaning on our own strength? Have I been faking it all these years telling people I'm a christian? But then god decides to put me through a fiery trial and I I cater Ladies these things come out as we go through the trials of life Well, peter goes on to repeat what he just said. He says don't think it's a Some strange thing that happened to you Ladies, why do we think trials are foreign to believers? Why do we think god has promised us a life of ease and comfort? In fact, the greek here is it's a strong greek word that means god forbid God forbid that you would ever think that it's strange that he would try you or test you Ladies nothing just happens in the life of a believer. Nothing just happens nothing Persecution and suffering is not an accident. It's all part of god's divine plan for your life He appoints our days our times everything.  I was just happy and she says, you know, I don't know worry Why worry about all that stuff? He she says god has an appointment for me and he knows when it's gonna be He's not gonna take me one minute before he's ready for me He knows all that So instead of spending time sitting around thinking it's strange that you're being tested with the trial Notice what peter says in verse 13 He says but which is a contrast but Rejoice Rejoice to the extent that you partake of christ suffering In fact, there's two words for but in the greek one is day one is a la This is the stronger greek word The strongest of the two so instead of sitting around thinking whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. Wait a minute. Lord. What are you doing? What are you doing? What are you doing?  It's not a one-time rejoicing, but it's a continue attitude of rejoicing as you go through this trial Why? Why should i rejoice peter says notice what he says Because we're partakers of christ suffering Because we are a partaker of christ suffering One man says this faith realizes that the ground for rejoicing does not lie in the suffering themselves But in the fellowship with christ that they bring I was talking to a pastor's wife follow go out in the lobby and she was telling me about One of her years it was bad. She lost a great friend. She lost a baby And I said yeah, but I bet you grew very close to the lord and she said I did I did That sweet sweet fellowship that we have As we go through the sufferings. So ladies this would be number three on the why of suffering. Why do we suffer? So that we can be a partaker of his sufferings So that we can be a partaker of his sufferings And notice peter says something very interesting He says to the extent which means in so much or in so far as in the Measure of what peter is saying is listen very carefully All the readers of this epistle had not been called to the same degree of suffering And ladies you haven't either some of you in this room are going to go through trials that you can't even imagine It's good that god doesn't show us the the rest of our life, right? Because we might be one of those last night that we talked about that try to commit suicide But um Some of you in this room are going to go through trials that you can't even imagine And yet some of the you in this room are going to just probably go through life and have very few trials Now why god calls some of us to suffer more than others? I don't know I don't have the answer to that question But I have this I have seen in my almost 60 years now those that he calls to suffer in a great degree They are the ones that I think are some of the most godly believers that I know of Steadfast in their faith. I mean you mentioned last night Elizabeth Elliott now. There's a woman who's gone through a lot of suffering But you know what she was steadfast to the end And through those sufferings she was refined as gold in fact if you haven't looked at her funeral at I wanted to get there, but I had my seven grandchildren, so I didn't get to her funeral But it's very interesting you can youtube it and watch it very just like her You know, she's laying there in a pine box and you know, it's open You can see her body and it's a very simple funeral, but it's very honoring to the lord There's a woman that suffered But gave her much grace But ladies it doesn't really matter if god gives you a lot of trials great if he gives you a few great too Whatever degree of suffering he calls you to do It will allow you to partake in his sufferings his pain Which means to share in close fellowship with him Paul mentions in Philippians one time one twenty nine for it is given unto you in the behalf of christ Not only to believe on him, but to suffer for his name You know, we like the belief part, right? Yeah, I believe in jesus. I believe in jesus. I believe in jesus But paul says that's not only a gift, but suffering is a gift, right? Now I have to say I didn't ask for my 40th wedding anniversary from my husband, honey Could you give me the gift of suffering for our 40th anniversary? Even though he says, you know susan we said for better and worse and you got the worst. That's what he's always telling me you got the worst But peter says suffering's a gift paul says suffering is a gift It's a gift Remember what paul says in flippians three ten that I want to know him the power of his resurrection The fellowship of his suffering why so that I might be made conformable to his death I want to identify with christ in his sufferings Ladies paul's desire was to identify with the lord so much. He wanted to suffer So that he could understand what his lord went through You might say why would anybody want to do that? Are they crazy? Well, I remember many many years ago that that really hit home to me for the first time in my life My husband and I had some dear friends. They were our best friends We did everything together our kids did everything together and some things came to our attention And we had to confront them on a sin issue and They went south and we lost the friendship over it. My husband and I didn't sleep eat for two weeks I would go to bed at night and just stare at the ceiling couldn't believe this one of those times I I should have remembered first peter don't continue to be surprised And uh, but I was young then probably probably 30. It's something around there, but um I for the first time in my life. I thought lord, that's what that means I can identify that when peter denied you when judas Betrayed you and you know for the first time I could say thank you lord Thank you now. I know a little bit of what it was like when all the disciples for succu and fled And I could say thank you thank you My friend suffering allows us to identify with the lord. Do you want to know him? You know, we like to sing these worship songs. Yeah, I want to know you and raw raw jesus But you know and you have those tingly, you know goosebumps and all that but do you want to know him in the suffering in suffering It's a privilege. It's a gift.   I am sorry. I'm not there yet I'm not paul I know there's no spiritual giants. I agree with paul washer, but I'm not there with my brother paul I mean I I want to go to be with my lord. I I don't know that I could go to hell for anybody, but paul he wanted to pursue such that course so he could know the lord And ladies that should be the desire of all of us now Notice peter is not saying to rejoice in the suffering look very carefully He's not saying rejoice in the suffering in verse 13 But rejoice because you can share in christ Sufferings now I have known people that like trials and you know why? Because they want attention They want everybody to feel sorry for them. They want to tell their stories You know, they want people to bring them meals. They want to be pampered Ladies that is not godly that is selfish And it's wicked It's wicked But peter says no we so we can share In his sufferings the motive behind the rejoicing is the blessing of identifying with christ Not so that somebody will feel sorry for you and bring you flowers and candy Part of the blessings of partaking in his sufferings includes partaking in the results of his sufferings Notice what peter says he puts it this way that when his glory is revealed you'll be glad with exceeding joy Ladies when christ is revealed in glory. We're gonna share in his glory just as we've shared in his sufferings What peter is saying here that present rejoicing now during our trials prepares us to fully experience joy in the future in glory Paul says If we endure we will reign with him If we deny him he will deny us Romans 8 18 says for I consider the sufferings of this present life are not worthy to be compared with the glory Which will be revealed in us Peter goes on to say we'll be glad with exceeding joy You know what this is a great burst of joy that will sweep over us at christ's return In fact exceeding would include jubilation skipping and bubbling over with shouts of delight Now ladies, I know that's going to be a divine intervention for some of you people You know some reformed churches I go to about the deadest I've ever seen I don't know it's going to be really hard for them to skip and be joyful when they get to heaven And that will be a divine intervention for sure But that's what peter's saying You will have exceeding joy. I know some of you, you know, you squelch all those emotions But when you get to heaven that's not going to happen. Can you remember being your glorified body? In fact the present tense here of the exceeding joy is enduring forever because it's forever and ever we're going to be with him forever and ever Exceeding joy You'll be glad you'll be glad number two on the answer to how to respond in trials is this Rejoice knowing that glory is going to follow Rejoice in your trial right now. Why because glory is to follow ladies Do you know life's trials are going to seem small when we see christ? It is not going to matter It's not going to matter what the supreme court did It's not going to matter that you know bruce geners now. Okay, it's not going to matter Even all that stuff is just nauseating. It's not going to matter paul puts it in second charentians four our light affliction Which is but for a moment is working for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory Well peter continues with this theme of being happy in trials notice what he says in verse 14 If you're reproached for the name of christ happy are you? For the spirit of glory and of god rests upon you The word if is not Really if it means sense Or in view of the fact that you are reproached for the name of christ In fact being reproached for the name of christ means to be insulted And so this would include attacks that were verbal or physical. We've all been there I had an unbelieving family member one time and she was Hemorrhaging and she thought she might die my husband. I drove all night in the middle of the night to go see her and And she told me later.  I was like, whoa, you know And uh, this is just some of the stuff, you know, and so we've been there where people have Physically and verbally attacked us We've all been there And peter says if you're reproached because of your attachment to christ What rejoice rejoice peter says in verse 16 if anyone suffers as a christian let him not be a shame but let him glorify god in this matter peter says if you're attacked physically or verbally you're happy you're blessed you're spiritually well off That's a great deal. Whoa if all men speak well of you. Isn't that what jesus said?  This is great And uh, I remember the first one of the first times I went with him to speak at one of his former churches that he attended And when he was growing up and he was speaking on titus 2 and one of the ladies afterwards, you know Came up in the receiving line and she said oh, I hate you and I hate that message. I'm like And he goes in this grade and I go no, it's awful. What are you talking about? Now I'm you know, I've been a little bit longer in the faith. I'm yeah, bring it on.   Why should we be happy? Peter says why should we be blessed? Peter says for the spirit of glory and of god rest upon you In fact, the word rest here is an interesting greek word, which means to refresh The spirit refreshes you In fact, it speaks of a farmer resting his land by sowing light crops on it He relieves the land of the necessity of producing heavy crops and therefore gives it an opportunity to rest Remember in leviticus 25 it talks about that You know you harvest your stuff for six years and then what do you do on the seventh year? In leviticus. I know all of you have a leviticus memorized by now Who's going to take that book up that we talked about if we all go to prison But remember in leviticus it says six years you do that and then on the seventh you what you let it rest Why so it can recuperate and be refreshed? That's the greek idea here So the idea is that the indwelling holy spirit as we go through suffering He rest and he refreshes us Even though the world is persecuting us One man said he rests upon the christian as the shekinah Rested on the tabernacle and brings a foretaste of that glory, which is fully given at the revelation Lady he strengthens us. He strengthens us beyond our understanding. You've been there I've been there. If you're walking with the lord, you've been there. You've you've persecuted you've been persecuted You've suffered through Christ and you go, how come I'm feeling so great, you know just refreshed about this It's not you. It's the spirit In fact, this is probably the idea in matthew chapter 4 remember when the devil came to test Jesus over and over and over and over It says when the devil left him that angels came and ministered to him they refreshed him Also in acts we see this when steven was being persecuted for his attachment to christ It said that they looked at his His face as he was looking into heaven and it looked like a face of an angel I mean they're stoning Steven with stones like this.  He's strengthened And ladies it is for many of you you could testify that just like christ steven They were refreshed and strengthened by the spirit.  She said I hadn't aware of christ's presence that I've never had and she said I I long for that I miss it I miss that The holy spirit strengthening and refreshing There's a closeness with our father that we don't have at other times But as we go through suffering he strengthens us And so we have a third answer when asking the question. How do I respond to life storms? How do I do this? With assurance knowing the holy spirit will strengthen and refresh me With assurance knowing the holy spirit will strengthen And refresh me Paul says most gladly I glory in my infirmities. Why so the power of christ will rest on me I glory in my infirmities bring them on Why so the power of christ will rest on me? And then peter ends these words in verse 14 on their part. He's blaspheme, but on your party's glorified This phrase here is not in the original manuscripts, but if it were in the original manuscripts What peter is saying is basically this They the persecutors blaspheme god But you on the other hand On your part by your life He is glorified So why do we have storms in this life? First of all, it's a promise. It's to be expected Do you expect trials?  Are you under the myth that trials are not for believers? Secondly, there's a purpose to test you What trials have you encountered in the past year the past week or even today? How have they been used by god to bring you one step closer to his image? Thirdly, we have trials in order to allow us to be a partaker or to participate in christ's sufferings Is this a comfort to you? To be able to fellowship with christ in his sufferings Secondly, how do we respond to difficulties? First of all with an attitude of rejoicing Is this your response to trials that god allows now? I understand it might not be the immediate response when my husband fell a few weeks ago and I realized how significant his injuries were. I can't say. Oh, this is so great You know, I I but again, but as the morning went on I I was at peace This is what god wants for me today. You might not be able to respond immediately with joy But eventually you have joy knowing that god is doing something valuable in your life for your good Secondly, we're rejoicing knowing that glories to follow When life hits you with a trial, do you let your mind drift to heaven? And what is to come which is glory? Do life's trials seem small to you compared to eternity and seeing christ? And lastly, we respond with an attitude of assurance knowing the holy spirit will strengthen and refresh in us How did the spirit strengthen and refresh in you in your last trial?  Let's pray Father, thank you for this time in your word and I look forward to completing What peter shares with the readers these persecuted christians our brothers and sisters That are now with you And I pray lord that you will use This session and the one to follow to encourage my sisters here As they go through the sufferings of this life Whether they're trials or persecutions for being attached to you I pray that you will use these words to encourage them That you would be glorified through them in christ's name. Amen


At Audiology Associates of Prestonsburg, you can live your life the way you want and find the freedom of better hearing. You'll experience patient care that is specific to you with exceptional follow-up care that ensures your hearing and balance needs are being met. Audiology Associates at 1428 Northlake Drive in Prestonsburg. The Johnson County Library Bookmobile has been a staple in Johnson County for the last 40 years and continues to serve the community with new resources being added regularly. The purpose of it is to take books, movies, magazines, and now we offer free Wi-Fi on the Bookmobile to people out in the county. It is a free service that is provided to anybody in Johnson County. The Bookmobile travels anywhere it is needed, including schools, nursing homes, and home schools, as well as having weekly setups throughout the county. We deliver these items, we deliver these services to the people, and they're able to check them out just like they would in a library. It's basically a mobile library on wheels, but we go to the people instead of them coming to us. However, the Bookmobile program provides more than just books and free Wi-Fi. It is more than just books. These people, they become friends in a lot of ways because you get to know them. They're on the Bookmobile with you or at the house, and sometimes they're shut-ins. You're friends to them, you're the outside source to them, and so it's been one of those things that's been very rewarding, not just because of the books, but because you get to make these connections with these people that basically last a lifetime. To be added to the Bookmobile schedule or learn more, call the Johnson County Library at<PHONE_NUMBER>. For Mountain Top News, I'm Brianna Robinson.


A human rights watch is called for the immediate release of a Cameroonian lawyer who was thrown behind bars on bogus charges of inciting terrorism. In a statement on Monday, the rights group said it has been a week since prominent lawyer Agungwa Tanyi Nakedemus was detained. Jandems arrested Agungwa on May 31 in Cameroon's capital, Yeondi, while he was assisting a client. The deceased's phone, without a warrant, claiming Amungwa had taken photographs at the facility citing his lawyers. While searching for the set photographs, Jandems found other photographs that recorded alleged military abuses in Cameroon's Angliform regions and arrested Amungwa. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Hello my dear students welcome to Centrum Academy YouTube channel where we bring for you every day a new problem in the out-of-problem Solving especially beneficial for the students who are preparing for J main and J advanced exams So what have we got for you in today's out-of-problem solving? So in today's question, we basically are gain dealing with a permutation and combination question So the question reads like this how many distinct parallelograms can be formed in an equilateral triangle of side length n? filled with n-square equilateral triangles of side length 1 each One such parallelogram is shown in the figure below in blue color So guys and girls as you can see very clearly in your diagram that there is an equilateral triangle Okay, so the big triangle that you see is an equilateral triangle of side length n and it has been filled up with Equilateral triangles of side length 1 each now Why does the question set us say that there are n-square equilateral triangles see guys and girls very simple If you see in row number one, there is one equilateral triangle in row number two There are three equilateral triangles in row number three There will be five equilateral triangles in row number four There will be seven equilateral triangles and so on and so forth So when you add these numbers One plus three plus five plus seven. Let's say for n terms Basically, what are you finding? You're finding the sum of an arithmetic progression whose first term is one common difference is two And you're summing this arithmetic progression or so as to say arithmetic series for n terms So the answer for this will be n by two to a Plus n minus one into the common difference which clearly boils down to n by two Two plus two n minus two so two and two gets cancelled and you have n by two times two n Even this two and this two will stand cancelled giving you n squared That's why the question set us says that there are n-square Equilateral triangles that are filled within this bigger equilateral triangle. Okay now moving on That's not my question actually my question is to count the number of distinct palerograms that can be formed in this entire structure All right guys So now what I want you to understand is the question can easily be solved by understanding few things number one Any parallelogram that you choose within this structure will fall under three categories So what are these categories number one? The parallelogram will have sides Parallel to any of the two sides of this bigger equilateral triangle for example The blue parallelogram that you see within this structure has got its sides parallel to AB So as you can see this side is parallel to AB and this side is parallel to AC Correct so likewise we can say another category could be a parallelogram whose sides are parallel to AB and BC Right so you can have a parallelogram whose sides is parallel to AB and BC Something of this nature something of this nature Correct so here you can see the sides are parallel to AB and BC and the third category is where the side is parallel to AC and BC Something of this nature Right so you can see here this parallelogram which I have shown with a highlighter is basically having its sides parallel to BC and AC all right now my viewers must appreciate that the total count of the number of Palergrams that will fall under each of these three categories would be the same. Yes, my dear students The number of parallelograms which will fall under case one Will be same as the number of palliograms which will fall under case two will be the same as that which will fall under case three so the Palliograms that you will be counting under case one and the Palergicam that you'll be counting on a case to and the Palliograms that it will be counting under case three They will all be equal right so it is sufficient for us to just count one of the cases because if we count one of the cases we can just multiply it with three and get our total answer alright so let us target let us target the case one first because if we target one of the cases the other case are automatically addressed okay now this problem can very easily be solved if you realize one more thing my dear students let us say I decide to extend this side length okay so let's say I decide to extend the side length AB I decide to also extend the side length AC okay alright so let me write a C here because I raise it okay and let me add one more row to this let's add one more row to this alright and now what I'm going to do here is I'm going to extend my mesh to add one more set of triangles down there yes so as you can see I'm extending the mesh to add one more set of triangles down there there you go my friends now this last row if you see here that last row will have got n plus two such points over here okay as you can see this will be my n plus 1th row and this last row will have n plus two points over here right so there will be a total of n plus two points in the last row so these counts will be having there will be n plus two points there now guys and girls I want you to understand one simple thing if I take a case of such a parallelogram which is having side parallel to AB and AC and let us say I extend this side length which I'm showing with a green color so let's say if I extend this side length you realize that on extension of that side length it will come to this point okay and let's say I extend this side length of the parallelogram as you can see on the figure it will meet over here so as you can see one of the points is here one of the point is here okay similarly if I extend this side of the parallelogram okay so that point will actually meet on this point on the last row and similarly if I extend this forward that will meet over here so basically what I see is that the parallelogram corresponding to the one which I had shown earlier is corresponding to four points chosen from those n plus two points down in the last line which you see in the figure right so these four points these four points the one which I'm putting a stick mark on the one which I'm putting a tick mark on they basically are the ones which correspond to that given parallelogram and my dear friends every parallelogram that you are going to pick up whose side is going to be parallel to AC and AB will have four points corresponding to it on the last line that you see in the figure so what does it mean it means that the number of parallelograms that you're going to get from here is going to be n plus two C four yes my dear friends so out of these n plus two points if you choose any four points it will correspond to one parallelogram which is basically having its sides parallel to AB and AC right so may I say all of these will correspond to the same number so this will also be n plus two C4 and this will also be n plus two C4 right so the total number of parallelograms the total number of parallelograms that you will end up getting my dear students is going to be three times n plus two C4 so this problem is solved so it was a question which was slightly tricky but with proper logic and reasoning you can easily crack such a problem so this is the answer to this question thank you so much for watching be safe and be healthy