All right, welcome everybody. Thanks for sticking with us. Thanks for waiting for the start of this site event So you're here because you want to listen to foresight looking into emerging issues in food and feed safety My name is mark Marcus lip. I'm senior food safety officer and FAO and I'm happy to chair the site event and and Even more happy to introduce my colleagues Vittorio for Tory here to my left. Yeah, sorry I get left and right confused easily and Then that ain't Daniela Patella also from FAO who are the first two presenters After these two presentations, we will have a short break of about 15 minutes Continue with another presentation from a colleague from Singapore Some Q&A's and closing remarks by our esteemed chair of the CCCF sadly Huffer So that's the program you have access to it. It's on the website Without further ado, I would then like to pass the word to Vittorio for Tory who will talk on FAO's food safety foresight program and overview of emerging issues. Thank you Thanks a lot chair. Thank you Marcus and good day everyone. Thanks for coming today to this site event We do have Limited time with a packed agenda So I would like to provide today an overview Of the emerging issues that at FAO we're looking at on with the food safety program on food safety I'd like to start off by Recognizing how the global agri-food system in which we are all operating is changing and changing very rapidly This is due to a number of reasons. I'm listing just some of them Some of which are very familiar to you and each of them has an impact on on food safety And we will see briefly how this actually is taking place So with all these changing, I think it's important that we need Recognize the importance of keeping pace with the changing times. This is a little comics That shows some of the things that it's every day on the news And in fact, we even had yesterday a very nice plant-based burger So this is just to tell you how things are moving and moving rapidly So with these evolving scenario We believe that foresight is important But what is foresight so foresight is not looking into the crystal ball and predicting the future This is something that is not possible and it's not the intention. Anyway It's a structure approach in that helps gathering information and intelligence from different sources from different experts different expertise and then leading into Policy making to think into the medium long-term planning In terms of what are some of the trends that are emerging and may have some regulatory impacts There are a number of methodologies that underpins foresight horizon scanning is one of those that is probably most frequently used at FAO we do have these wide network Upon which we pull this this knowledge within the house We do have as you know being the food chain organization. We can tap into expertise from many different sectors Animal production for example my colleague Daniela and she will talk about that and animal health plant health fisheries but even trade Water and others and of course we do also Have a big networks outside of the organization with our partners our members NGOs the private sector of course which is a key player and then also the experts that work with us on on For example scientific advice committee if you are interested in understanding more about the the work that we do On foresight here is the link also to our foresight web page where we store all the information so Very briefly our process is not Complicated we want to be pragmatic also in light of the of the resources that we have we do Get information as I was explaining from different sources. We do collect them and we analyze Following some criteria that you see them listen. Of course being ourselves in the food safety division We want to understand what is the likelihood of the impacts on food safety? And then we based on those criteria we try to streamline and prioritize issues There may be issues that for the moment do not deserve any active action Just need to be monitored for other issues probably we do have already Substantial information that can lead into for example risk assessment or even preparation of technical gotten technical document or reports And then we communicate we communicate in the form of of reports Sure videos materials technical guidance and things like that all of this information again. It's available on our website The some of the of the trends and drivers of change that we are observing are listed here If we start for example from the top right How technological innovation and scientific advances are impacting on food safety? We understand more and on for example new analytical capabilities that are offering new tools to detect contaminants even at lower Lower levels compared to for example what was possible even just ten years ago Of course this proves some some benefits of course But also some challenges in terms of regulatory frameworks international trade and things like that Urbanization we are living in cities that are becoming mega cities where food is not only Consumed but it's also produced and of course this has some impacts on on food safety Circular economy and we will discuss it It's a big concept that has a lot of sense in terms of environmental sustainability But again, it is important that food safety is part of this consideration To it to and to ensure that we are avoiding any potential food safety implications down the line new food sources is a big topic and we will discuss Today and of course climate change one of the most defining challenging of challenges over time And again the impacts that this has on food safety. So all of these has been crystallized in this report That maybe you have seen already the link is there where we have tried to to distill The impacts that all of these aspects have on food safety And we tried also to make the distinction that foresight is quite different from early warning system. There are more gear to Prevention of outbreaks and outbreaks investigation foresight again looks a little bit more into medium to long-term issues and not necessarily Looking at all always issue issues with a negative connotation We are also looking if some of these issues can bring some opportunities to to food safety so changing consumer preference and food consumption is of course something that we need all to to monitor and Because diets are changing diets are evolving and of course these can also lead to different exposures And this is important from food safety risk assessment point of view to to understand what sort of new foods are coming to the plates of consumers and and and how diets are evolving over time and in this respect we have a big Workstream on new food sources and production systems And I'd like to start off by clarifying that when we say new food We don't necessarily mean something that is completely new some of these products that you see on screen For example like seaweeds or edible insects have been consumed in some parts of the world for many years for centuries Even but what is new is the attention to this growing sector this growing markets in some parts of the world Where they were probably not part of the traditional diets in in the past We also have a new production system like for example cells based production food. We have just Released a big report that looks into food safety hazards or cell based foods That I encourage you to do to look and again we look at all food safety aspects Microbiological hazards chemical hazards also allergens. It's a it's a big important topic for some of these products that needs to be Consider and consider carefully We will have a technical meeting on new foods in November of this year So stay tuned because there will be more information coming from from FAO on these topics Circular economy as I was mentioning. It's a it's a big concept That has a lot of benefits and opportunities In the report we have looked at that in using plastics as a working example You all are aware of the impacts that plastics has on the environment and the need to reduce the Disimpact so the need for reusing recycling plastics to the extent possible But when it comes to food contact materials and plastics that is used to then come in contact with food There are some specific consideration that it's important to have and again, we have Provided some analysis on what are the key issues that needs to be considered in in in in these aspects Let's see if okay The other big one area that we are looking at is the evolving science around the microbiome, okay? We understand a lot more on the microbiomes and the interaction that microbiomes has with the environment with the host Compared to again what we has even just few years ago This is triggering some questions in terms of regulatory science and risk assessment Do we need to adjust update our methods? Until the science it's defined probably it's not the case But we want to be sure that we are on top of the science so that when the time is Opportuned for us eventually to do updates. We know what sort of updates needs to be done Climate change We you probably have heard that before because we had launched this report that you see on the top on the bottom left Couple of years ago that really provides a big analysis of how climate change impacts on very many different food safety hazards From mycotoxin to even hazard in the marine environment with marine toxins alga blooms and things like that And here these little infographics just the peaches one Climate change aspect which is in temperature increase and of course climate change is much more than that But this is just to illustrate one example and see how this has impact at different levels from foodborne pathogens in the water To the uptake of heavy metals in some staple crops To to marine and aquatic environment with alga bloom So just that to to to to provide a snapshot Examples that can also be easily communicated with other stakeholders and the public in general to raise awareness of the impacts that climate change has on food safety As I was mentioning urban areas are becoming places of food production as well and we are seeing a lot of new trends in terms of new technologies like vertical farming and Where in in in limited spaces food is produced These of course has also important aspects to be considered with respect to resemble to the water that is used in these systems Because it's a closed system where water would be reused and recirculating and again The important of making sure that we are not re-entering in the food production Potential hazards or residues or things that don't need to be in in in a final food products Technological advances are of course shaping up our agri-food system landscape in many different ways Some of them we have already touched on nanotechnology is not new, but it's still a matter of great intent attention Because again, we don't understand fully the behavior of some of the nanoparticles So it's something that we have very well on our radar screen and of course blockchain The potentials that it has on food traceability But still the question that he posed in terms of IP data ownership and copyrights and things like that So just to say it's a complex scenario the one on technological advances But for sure it's a complex scenarios where it is important that we look at to understand what sort of implication we need to consider So concluding I was trying to to be fast so that we can keep some some times for question Also for for for debate For site we believe it's an important tool to identify emerging food safety challenges But also to one as I was mentioning also to one identifying opportunities and be able to optimize on those opportunities when they exist It really helps bridging that gap that exceeds from science to to to policymaking and it provides that tool to Make sure that policy makers. It's a little bit more oriented to to be future proof So even if we don't have all the answers so to some of these emerging topics Simply because exactly they are emerging So the the knowledge and the knowledge database is not complete still It's important that we start monitoring we start to provide advice on what actions needs to be needs to be done effective foresight relies on on partnership and again as it is a matter of Broadening a little bit the horizons and it's important that we tap on different type of sectors We do collaborate and share information with different players on on on on the agri-food system So not just the traditional food safety community, but we go beyond that And and again, there may be issues that are the first glance maybe Not sounding relevant to food safety, but then there may be some some dots that needs to be connected there There there will be probably some some some food safety consideration that needs to need to happen. So concluding Many of the emerging issues that you have seen and this was a very rapid overview May have a relevance to the work of codecs Some of them may be even relevant to to the contaminants committee So we wanted to have this foresight event to first of all present the work We do and seek if there was any interest any any relevance that you can see and then see if and how this could be followed up In this committee or in others as appropriate. I'll thank you and I'll pass it on to you chair. Thank you Thank you very much. So we have a little bit time for clarifying questions. There's a whole Q&A section afterwards after the three presentations so we can Save most of our questions for that segment But if there are any clarifying questions that anybody would like to post with regard to Vittorio's presentation now is your chance Don't see any raised hands. So that's good clear presentation. I take it. Thank you Vittorio And then it is my pleasure to introduce Daniela Patella another colleague from FAO who will lead us through the second presentation with a title Sorry, I have to find it here FAO's work on Emerging issues in feed safety in the context of a circle of bioeconomy Daniela, please. Thank you very much Marcus and again. Good morning to everybody and thanks for being here with us And I know Marcus is very very keen in being me being in time So I will go very straight into the topic and maybe I will go I will go quickly among certain certain slides But I believe that maybe we can circulate that we can make available the presentation So you can have that information there as your father reference. So just very quickly The the the world is growing population is growing the need to have available food is growing and among that When we look at animal source food, especially meat and dairy products We have seen that the growth has been spectacular in the last 30 years especially for what regards meat and especially poultry meat and this expected to come to continue growing So here is some information from your reference. So as You know most of the the growth in the animal source food has been met. Thanks to Increased availability of feed and especially compound feed animal feed So more and more has been produced more and more has been available and the greatest Challenge in this year has been not only to produce enough feed for our animals to produce enough food But also to make that feed safe enough what we see also Growing and thanks again to Vittorio for his presentation Which was a very good background setting the scene for many issues that also relevant for animal source food and feed production is that the world is growing more and more aware of the need of Sustainability especially environmental sustainability The fixed that sector is resource angry especially in terms of water land round We calculated 30% of all crops produced in the world are used to feed our animals with a significant use of Water and land and also with a significant Contribution to greenhouses gas emission. So that's something we have to take into consideration That's something we have to address in our animal production the animal feed Production at the same time We've also had the big warning on the amount of food that has been lost or wasted In general terms, we say one-third of all produced food is somehow wasted or or lost FAO is giving a lot of attention to that they produce constantly reported together with other also organization and That has led also to these increased them attention to the circular by economy Lots on the media lots of government level research and so on also trying to not only reduce the Wasted but also reusing and recycle. So that is applicable also to the food system Circularity in the food system means that the losses of one Part of the production can be reused in another production chain and that For instance will be very relevant for feed production feed production could therefore contribute to the circularity of by economy by using co-products By products but also so-called wastes even if the word is not that the nicest one to use and Using them efficiently in the food and feed production systems many innovative and Technologies are there and that would allow us to make the best use of those new or maybe as also Victoria was saying not necessarily new but use maybe in a different way of those Feed sources and again, it's very important that those are available locally To reduce them the environmental footprint for instance due to transport or so on and we make the Maximum use of whatever is available to to feed our animals Provided it's done in a sustainable and especially safe way not only for the final Food animal source food, but also for the animal themselves for their own health and safety So in this way, we could minimize the use of resources Also the environmental footprint and contribute to the overall circularity of by economy a lot of tension has been given to that by the feed sector just to give a couple of example of what the private sector is producing also some of the risk assessment Authorities are devoting a lot of attention to that just to look at what can be done But especially to prevent possible Problems racing from that. So having a look at what FAO is also doing looking at these advanced or alternative feed sources When we look at the availability of different sources and different technologies, it's really a lot It's really scary for the amount of work Can represent and also for the Possible asset that could be introduced in the food chain and the risk Analysis effort that we need to be done. So this is just to give you an overall Idea of the different material that could be entering the the food chain through the the animal feed again We have some more traditional. I can just tell go and buy products We have some emerging ones that again Victoria was saying maybe are still traditionally in many region of the world's but a newer or we have We're producing them with new technologies in other part of the world and Some others are emerging. It's really a waste arrived them I'm not going in detail through all of them But just to show you the complexity and the variety of these Feed sources that again are going to end up in the food production chain We are looking also at the The possibility to use food wastes and there you have a couple of definitions Coming from FAW show work because again, we have realized that definition are quite different in different part of the world and Again a huge amount of material that need to be somehow to be to be used We know that it could be converted into animal feed in a safe way When we use proper risk management risk based measures and we have examples We have very valid example from certain country of the world just Japan and the South Korea Just to mention a couple where a large amount of the food waste that 35 to 40 percent is used in a way That is perfectly safe not only for the animals But also for the the human beings that eventually are going to consume the food those animals are producing so we have The technology we have the information that's something that could be addressed single-cell protein another emerging source of feed the material that would serve attention and now focusing a little bit more on Insect again. We thought it was mentioned that that's something we are looking particularly closely because it has been Predicted that that's used especially as animal feed and the pet food will increase Significantly in the coming years and they have a lot of advantages not only from the nutritional point of view It's a protein rich Ingredient for animal feed and that could be a good alternative to soy or to fish meal production and Ingredients which as you know that would have an important environmental Impact negative environmental impact attached to that so very good for the animals very Good quality of protein for the animals. They have a lot of nutritional Benefit even from the animal welfare point of view, but some of them have antimicrobial Substances that could be used to decrease the need to use antimicrobials in animal production so a lot of potential there, but there are issues that need to be addressed that not only the The economy of scale Bio-safety issues the current high cost But that's something that we need to to look at because it could Significantly decrease if you use different production systems in different part of the world So it does have quite a lot of attention So FAO is already giving enough attention to that through publication again as the victory was mentioning But also through different multimedia and video and so on also to raise awareness among the large the wider Citizen side on the importance and the benefit of the use of insect But just to go a little bit more deeper on the use of insect as animal feed and especially their safety Issues and self safety concern. We have an expert meeting in last November in Belgium We are now continuing with a wider a stakeholder consultation and that's been meeting in the course of this year And we are going to collect the data and information To publish a report on the use of insect and especially all the different implication from the animal Human health point of view, but also the environmental Sustainability concern and so on so please keep you tuned if you're interested and if you have information to provide When we look at all these different Potential sources and the potential solution to our sustainability problems We should not forget the lessons from the past and all the safety crisis that originated for safety crisis That originated in animal production due to wrong waste processing practices So there are just some of them to remind you some of you Are old enough for like me to remember the the disruption they cause in the food production chain and Just to show what are the considerations we have to to take in mind We have to take into account that we have currently Knowledge and technologies to be able to convert all these different to feed sources Into animal feed and eventually food in a very safe and environmental sustainable way But it's very critical that safety it's always in our mind and especially because as you saw the diversity of material is so large that is really quite a bit of an effort and Keeping in mind to stick to the one-elf approach that recently has really brought us together from the human animal plant environmental point of view to ensure that What we are producing meet all the different challenges What is specific on To keep in mind what are the specific specific hazard when we look into account to this new advanced alternative feed sources The usual suspect the heavy metal the residue specific side of it in your tracks and so on the macro toxin But also some newcomers, especially the the physical hazard that they may be we have not given a lot of attention With a more traditional feed and food but a lot of packaging material residues, especially when we look at former food products or Food waste that could re-enter the food chain through feed or through insect for instance or something to take into account And also what is associated with that for instance that the ink product through the packaging that could re-enter the chain So these are somehow or new issues to to take into account The need for maybe new way to do risk assessment is the any need for international standard is the need for National legislation that would allow the use of these products still ensuring their safety Authorization controls especially when we look at risk assessment. What are the new challenges? One needs to be a take into account of for this new of Feed material feed ingredients and when we look for instance at the asset identity Identification we have to take into account the different product types the starting material the variety the processing steps the new technologies that that are that are being used all the The increasing steps in the handling the storage and and transport that they reintroducing of What is being reintroduced that through that the was collection process and so on so these are all Issues that make the process more complex, but somehow they have to be taken into account What do we see in the future? There is a strong call for instance of offing the quantity of food waste by 2030 and Most or a lot of these food waste could re-enter the feed chain the food chain through feed production We have the issues that also we told you was mentioning the increase of climate change and the impact on Food and the feed production food insecurity is also an increase in many area of the world That would push also for many resources to be diversified and not using food That could be directly consumed by human beings But using other resources as a feed sources the resource Constraints they add higher energy and transport and processing costs So we all push to look at the different alternative feed sources Also changes in society a society can become more open to do to do certain That to the use of certain material and but we need also integrated and harmonized approaches Knowledge gap with what we don't know enough. It's we don't know enough We don't have inventories of all these feed sources We don't have inventories of the other Associated to the sources and that may be something that will deserve specific specific attention by FAO and possibly also WTO the the monitoring of these other the in the in the feed The in investigating the occurrence. So all these are Issues to be taken to account investigating further. But what is forthcoming from FAO? Side that could be interesting for addressing some of these issues I mentioned already the expert meeting on the use of insectus feed We're also having another expert meeting which is planned for beginning of July in Rome on using of alternative advanced feed Practices to promote of the responsible use of antimicrobial. So we want something specific there But we will also indirectly affect the food safety by decreasing the use of antimicrobials Which are used in animal production and therefore which would end up in our food We're also having a high-level global feed forum planned for the mid of November in Italy is not going to dress only safety but also safety will have a very big role to play there And then as again as Victorio was mentioning I mentioned you so often, but I think it's it's very relevant what you say that Partnership is at the basis of of our activities Collaboration sharing of information knowledge working together for this reason reason is 15 years So we have been doing every year if international feed regulators meeting To get together the regulators the competent national authorities and the industry the feed industry Together with FAO to exchange information and do possibly work together So last year last meeting was in January of this year next meeting is Planned for beginning of next year in Atlanta USA We also planning to have a very specific meeting to focus on issues which are more relevant for Asian countries Again to take place possibly in April of 2024 If you're interested to participate if you're interested to share with us also information, please keep tuned We have newsletters. So we have mailing lists through which we inform about all our activities Public new publication new events and so on get in touch with me and I will send you that information Just to to give you one last slide that all those information We have shared are available online so you can access through this list for instance now Thank you very much for your attention. I hope I am not running out of time and we need your inputs So keep your idea for the discussion. We just give some highlights But we need you to contribute with us and to give us how we can serve your needs better. Thank you Thank you very much to Daniela as well So we have some time for clarifying questions. We are actually a little bit ahead of schedule. So kudos to both speakers respect And that's wonderful If there are none I would suggest that we anticipate the break by 10 minutes. We go in a 15 minute break now Which means we are back at 11 20. So I have a coffee come back we energised for the last presentation stand from our colleagues from Singapore and The panel discussions afterwards Thank you very much. See you in 11 20 Thank you everybody for coming back So it's great to see that we didn't lose that many people it's always good after a break if most come back wonderful news for us Thank you for listening to us and so the third presentation and and this is actually from a WHO member state. So we wanted to have some country experience and we're very happy to have How gong from the Singapore food agency here with us to my right He will be sharing Singapore's experience on new foods and food production systems That how cheap please So good morning everyone. My name is how she so I'm a scientist from the National Center for food science in the Singapore food agency So in this presentation, I'll be sharing several examples of Singapore's experience around new food sources and food production systems Or NFPS for short Right so for some introduction The Singapore food agency or SFA was formed in 2019. So the formation brought together multiple aspects of Related resources and capabilities for the holistic management of the food industry from farm to fork as For National Center for food science We act as the scientific arm of SFA and we support its food safety functions by providing Several core functions and they can be summarized in the areas outlined here. They range from Food safety lab testing conducting a research and development as well as conducting risk re-successment and communications activities for various foodborne hazards To set the context for the presentation in the recent FAO report as described earlier by vitorial So it was described that new food sources and food production systems is one of the major drivers relevant for Agri-food systems and food safety So in the document it was outlined that the word new refers to newly discovered Techniques and materials as well as to food that has been historically consumed in specific regions of the world But has recently materialized in a global retail space So these several examples here are outlined in the previous presentations as well and on the side note Related to this publication SFA is currently working on a review article on the topic and we hope that it will Publish by the end of the year So in the context of new food sources and production systems, there are several prominent examples of new food sources in Singapore For new foods, they may or may not be considered as novel foods For example in the case of cultured meat on the left, they would consider as novel foods But for example certain insect species Especially those with a history of safe use they will be considered While they may be considered new in Singapore, but they would not be considered as a novel food On the other hand, there are also new food production systems explored in Singapore For example, the one shown on the right such as those used in urban agriculture In the subsequent sections, I'll be going through Singapore's approach and experiences for the use of these three types of NFPSS So as described earlier, new foods may or may not be considered to be novel within Singapore's context This is because for Singapore, novel foods refers to food and food ingredients that do not have a history of safe use And we take that history to be a period of 20 years We have also included foods that are chemically identical to those similar to those that have naturally occurring substances But are produced through advances in technology such as precision fermentation through genetically modified microbes So there are several examples shown in the bottom of what we would consider as novel and they are shown in the table below So this is an overview of Singapore's regulatory framework for novel foods So the aim of this regulatory framework is to create a system to identify potential risks and ensure that these risks are appropriately managed So in the following slides, I'll briefly go through each of these components in greater detail So firstly, SFA requires novel food companies to submit safety assessment for the novel foods for our review So we recognize that novel food companies may be pushing boundaries using technologies that are nascent and previously unheard of in food production So because of this, SFA takes an early engagement approach by being open to pre-submission consultations of companies for companies to better understand our requirements Perhaps more importantly, we have also published a guidance document for companies to be aware of the data required to support their safety assessments Generally, this includes information on identity and characterization of the novel foods The input materials used, what's the manufacturing process, what's the purity, eligibility or any sort of toxicological data that the companies can provide So using a safety assessment of cultured meat as an example, SFA currently requires company to provide information that covers the inputs, the production process, as well as the final product So the information would include information such as cell lines, what the culture media used, what the reagents used And we will review the inputs to see whether there are any toxic substances or if they could carry any harmful microorganisms Next, when it comes to the production process and controls, we will review it to ensure that there are no introduction of any chemical or microbiological contaminants And companies should show that production process is properly controlled and that they adhere to good safety and hygiene practices So lastly, companies should also show that the final product meets the standards in our regulations And this includes not exceeding regulatory limits for additives, heavy metals, among many others So after companies have submitted the safety assessment, SFA will review to ascertain that the food safety issues have been addressed This includes checking the possible food safety hazards have been identified, whether the information provided is supported by scientific literature As well as assessing whether the proposed risk mitigation measures are effective So as mentioned earlier, novel foods may be produced using new and recent technologies And so to ensure that the safety assessment is rigorously assessed, SFA has also established a novel food safety expert working group to provide scientific advice So upon approval, the novel food essentially is regulated very similarly to non-novel foods So for example in this slide, we show that the food would need to comply with the food regulations And if they were to be produced in Singapore, they would need to comply with licensing regulations And in the case where risk communications is needed to bridge the information gap with the public We'll find methods of communicating through different channels, for example releasing YouTube videos or through social media platforms To end of this section on novel foods, I would just like to highlight this publication again Recent publication by FAO on the food safety aspect of cell-based food So it covers multiple aspects as outlined here, for example the principles of cell-based food productions, global landscape regulatory framework The specific section I would like to highlight is that there's a section on country case studies Where Singapore contributed a section on a Singapore's approach for cultured meat So if you're interested in the topic, you can refer to the publication for more information On to the second item, this is on a Singapore's regulation approach for insects So as mentioned in the previous section, foods that do not have a history of safe use, they will require a pre-market safety assessment So this would apply for insect species with a no history of safe use For those that we have determined to have a history of safe use They would still require risk management measures to ensure the food safety just like any other foods So we are currently working out the import and licensing conditions Related to this farming and processing of insects and it's currently in progress And we are working closely with industry as well as experts So the approach outlined in this slide of course will be periodically reviewed Based on new scientific developments So we have distilled the key risk management objective into these four points So for example to ensure that the insect is safe for consumption and does not Inherently contain any toxic substances and the following points as well So for each of these objectives sfa has listed a key requirements for companies to address the safety objectives And this slide essentially highlights the areas that industry could work on to ensure food safety when it comes to insect production So following our recent public consultation sfa has also published Relevant details for import requirements and additional licensing requirements Essentially sfa will inspect and obtain samples from the import consignments and inspect Local farms regularly to ensure that the insect is safe for food for human consumption For example, you'll be looking at things like microbiological pathogens and chemical contaminants So in this public consultation, we have included we have received views from industry academia and the public And generally when speaking when it comes from comments from the academia and industry They were generally supportive of the drug regulatory changes and they have provided several risk Comments that allowed us to refine our risk management approach When it comes to the public however We did receive many negative comments from the public that rejected the idea of insects as foods So these typically come from concerns with food safety and a sense of disgust when it comes to consuming novel insects So this highlights the need for public risk communications And of course that's still a lot of work to be done when it comes to consumer acceptance And so as we always say food safety is a joint responsibility and consumers have a part to play And so we We released a short article called recessive glance and in this article we highlight to the public What is sfa's approach towards insect regulations? What are our risk management management measures as well as several food safety tips that Consumers can use to ensure that The food is safe As for the last section on new food production systems, I'm sure this audience is very well aware of the benefits of urban farming And so this method of food production is particularly attractive for singapore Due to its limited land mass that can be Allocated for food production So here are some examples of the type of urban farming systems explored in singapore And specifically I would like to highlight the led assisted vertical indoor hydroponic farms In which I would like to highlight a case study that based on the pilot study we have Conducted So in this facility what we have discovered is that the produce from this facility resulted in relatively high levels of mercury Ranging from 5 to 10 ppm, which is much higher than our established limits of 0.05 examination of the inputs such as seeds the nutrient solutions the growth matrix Show that they're Very unlikely sources. They are not likely to be sources of the mercury contamination However, eventually when we eventually narrowed down The the mercury contamination is likely to come from the led led lights And upon closer examination It is likely to be from the polymeric encapsulant of the led Which contain very high levels of mercury, which is about 500 parts per million So the encapsulant was identified to be polyurethane and we hypothesized that the levels of the high levels of mercury Was from the catalyst and the manufacturer of polyurethane And the mercury in those components eventually accumulated in the samples resulting in the high levels of mercury in the final product So as for concluding remarks, we believe that NFPS can provide additional food options to consumers But unlike conventional food, they might come with their own unique risks which will require Sorry, which will require unique risk management measures to ensure food safety so, um, of course, when When using a new technology that should be in place of suitable monitoring system to track the changes in the inputs when adopting these new technologies and a strong regulatory network for information technical sharing on the safety of NFPS In our opinion would be critical for developing relevant approaches for identification of new hazards and risk in NFPS So lastly risk communications are important to ensure that consumers have access to accurate information as well as to help improve consumer acceptance So that comes to end of my presentation. Thank you for your attention Thank you very much So now you have three different viewpoints and a presentation and some of the overviews were very dense. I admit that and in particular the Uh presentation from Haji, I'm always very intrigued by the methyl mercury from led light example, which is a very you know One of the things that we are trying to explore with our foresight program is with these unexpected sources of Contamination that may affect the food source That can come from all kinds of drivers That is a very nice driver on a very nice example on how production methods may drive Issues in the final food. We have had other examples how climate change may drive The occurrence of certain contaminants and you may remember that From FAA and WHO side we presented work on sequitera toxins On others that that is driven the occurrence of which is is changing as the climate changes And so we all need to learn from each other and how to manage these contaminants Anyway, um with that said that concludes our three presentations And it is my disengagement now to hand over to astrid builder from the host secretariat Who will moderate the q&a section so astrid, please. Thank you Yes, thank you very much and also thank you for and to you and your chairs for keeping it all very well into the time So we have plenty of time to to discuss some on ourselves on how to deal with these emerging issues As marcus indicated we have now had three presentations on what is coming towards us and also Experience from singapore how they deal how they deal with these issues and what their experiences are with this and also It was indicated that engaging with the countries on these issues are also very is very important So here we are engaging with you On these topics and we would really like to hear from you. What are your experiences in this? What are your questions in this? What are your topics? To deal with this But also to see how can we deal in codex with these topics? Do we need extra work or do we have the mechanisms to deal with these emerging issues? So in in very short, are we prepared? so To ask you first from the floor. Are there any General questions issues you'd like to share With the speakers and to the panel members on this. Thank you, and I see already france raising his hands you Oh, thank you Thank you. Well in relation to the emerging risks and indeed it's in looking into possible Activities related to the emerging risks. We have of course to have a risk assessment And of course we have seen all these new foods For which indeed the consumption is increasing and of course one of a major part In a risk assessment is to assess the exposure from consumers to certain risks And of course we can see of course we have to gather data on occurrence on these new foods of Let's say of contaminants, but also when looking at indeed the food consumption and And My impression is indeed. Well, we have indeed the food consumption surveys done and so on But indeed that it is that there is a significant delay in really having this fully implemented in indeed the final food consumption surveys that they're used for risk assessment and my question is on If indeed the the jack for secretariat has specific ideas on how to capture this quickly evolving consumption trends in risk assessments Which indeed where we then can take into account the move to plan by base diets The indeed increased consumption of insects, etc. Etc. Thank you Jack for secretariat. Who can I give the word? Thanks France for the question and look especially as you mentioned that this is an evolving Space where we probably don't have yet All the The information that we that we need to provide a complete and fully fledged risk assessment However, it's still important that we provide some some indication some guidance as to what we know now And the first step would be to understand whether these new food sources first of all present Any new hazards compared to conventional food, for example that we would like to start with that What we have seen that most of the time the hazards are probably Very similar to what we have seen in in other conventional foods One aspect that and I mentioned that in my presentation that probably deserves some Careful attention with some of these products is the allergens allergen Potentials in in some of these products particularly because Some of these new proteins May trigger allergenicity response in consumers. They are probably not even aware They are exposed to this type of of allergen. So this is an aspect that surely deserves some some some further attention and then when we get Into a have we have a full understanding of the the hazards that are to be Addressed specifically then we can also go to the next step of Putting some resources into compiling even information in terms of data On occurrence exposure and things like that But I think we need to start providing some guidance to what we know now And understanding that again, we may not be able to complete the picture But again, I think it's important that we show that This is our topics that are being already addressed to to what we know now And I looking at my colleagues if they want to add anything Just to add Maybe a different version of the same thought I would hope that the collective risk management present in ccf and encodex elementaries Would help at prevent any Significant risk to the consumer. So ideally if there are enough data and if consumption is high enough That ccf can do a full blown risk assessment with all the demonstrated consumption data, which is post-factum It always have the data only available available if the material is in the market Hopefully we come out with a conclusive ccf comes out with a conclusion that there is no risk to public health That guidance would need to come from risk managers To help shape the food systems transformation if you want to have a big word for that The integration of new food new food sources In a manner that at the end once it's integrated We are not sitting there and saying oops now we have to redo everything because there's a problem That we are sitting there and saying okay. It has been safely integrated. There is no risk for public health No major trade disruption have happened good job and that requires some Talking I think that requires a lot of negotiation that requires some courage Because we will have to do that In the absence of sufficient data to have full blown risk assessment and clear cut basis of their scientific evidence That's the challenge. I think that's in front of all of us with all these Events that are coming out of foresight and new protection methods New food production methods new food sources We will have to assess them as we go in the best way to when they fully matured That they do not that we then don't discover that they present a public health risk. Thank you Thank you for that. I just want to check if that we chose anything to add Okay, thank you. Does that clarify your Question it clarifies and I understand the challenges, but of course But that is of course a bit out of the box maybe but is it not an indeed and A possibility that in case we are looking into these new food sources that you could say well Based upon the current consumption data we have There is No public health issue as regards or no risk for public health as a conclusion But that then as regards while we have seen the what we call the foresight indeed if you expect that you Have indeed increased consumption that you could indeed also I know it is then not based really on science. So that is already going a bit on on What on wet eyes? So to to say okay, but in case consumption would increase That could raise some possible concerns So already a bit also within the risk assessment Already including a bit of the foresight of how consumption patterns might evolve in the future Thank you Thank you. Yep Thanks for adding to that and then I go to canada So thank you very much for three very interesting presentations I I think you've touched on some of what I was already going to ask but I I think I would target this more at Singapore you you had mentioned in your presentation specifically cell-based meats And you also mentioned that that you were doing some micro biological as well as chemical contamination screens I Little bit curious to know how cell-based meats compared to regular meats in terms of just regular safety signals Have you uncovered any any Anything that's kind of standing out that may potentially be unique to cell-based meats that that Right. Thank you very much for the question As for the microbiological aspects What we have currently observed is that relative to let's say a conventionally farmed meats They are generally lower in pathogen or microbiological counts But as for the the new types of hazards that we are currently considering One that stands out to me that is unique for cell-based meat would be the problem of let's say genetic drift of the Cells as compared to the livestock So currently the cells are being taken out of the organism and they're grown in the bioreactor for multiple multiple cycles That is not the case for a traditional livestock And one thing that we're concerned about is for example, there might be up regulation or down regulation of certain proteins That results in a change in the food safety profile relative to the conventional meats So this is a problem that we are currently Speculating might happen, but honestly, we do not have any evidence that this will in in fact result in a eventual food safety risk Right now we are taking a relatively Conservative approach, I would say So currently we are Trying to control this by requiring companies to provide data On the expression changes upon multiple self-dubblings. So that's I hope that answers your question. Thank you very much I see you nodding that answers your question It does and I I well While i'm asking I I guess one other thing that I was curious about was the the notion of the mercury from the light bulbs getting What what is the mechanism of it getting into? The food is their breakage or or like So right now I would say we don't really have a Mechanistic study on how the how the mercury actually migrates to the final product At this point of our speculation is that basically the heat from the ldd is basically vaporizing certain amounts of the mercury that eventually accumulates within the cell but Um, well, we don't really have the the scientific studies to really support that hypothesis at this point But that is currently our working hypothesis Yes, please Thank you. And just to add in case it it was lost it was mentioned on a few slides from the other speakers FAO and who have just released a whole report on food safety aspects for cell based meat production Where we had held expert workshops and together with singapore and sfa actually in singapore To explore what are the possibly known food safety problems that could Occur from cell based meat production So we collected Convened a number of experts including in this industry that that actually operates that And have written up, I think 200 pages on What is conceivable and and how would that differ if it all from Other possible food safety risks That that are already known and can be managed but then again, it's a different environment So just because we know it doesn't mean it will get managed, but it can get managed That's the good news If if there are no brand new risks, which we have not really identified at that point. Thank you Thank you for that clarification and information Are there any other questions from the floor to our panel members? Yes, please. Could you state your name in country? Hi, so for those who don't know me. I'm Jun-Ching Er from Singapore So actually I have a point to add on to what Franz was mentioning just now So in Singapore, we were actually exploring the idea of, you know, having projected consumption data in the future So I mean through understanding like consumer perceptions, certain horizon scanning trends And things like that. So so this is actually just an idea that we're exploring and so with this projected consumption data We could actually, you know, combine it with Existing to the study data or contamination data and then have a kind of a projected exposure in Line with changing consumption patterns So so it's actually still an idea that we are exploring So and and we just bring up for discussion I don't know if this is going to be an idea that Jack by so exploring through the foresight program or Yes, just something for a discussion. Thank you Thank you very much Singapore and I think that also relates to the question I think to from Franz about this changing consumption patterns With these emerging risk and new food sources So maybe Jack for the question was to you if you could address Address this how you can deal with this and if the idea from Singapore is something you could also take up or respond to Thanks, and I think exactly the the the idea also from Singapore is to see In this entering phase where again, again, we don't have the full complete picture of the situation What type of tools? What kind of approach? We can use to provide advice and it doesn't have to be necessarily jack fight can be some other ways because jack fire As you know, it's a very formal Process We can still do a formal process But again giving us the latitude that we need to address these type of issues where we don't have the full picture of the situation And then what you are saying using for example Projected expected data consumption partners. I think could be could be absolutely one way Again, we would need to start first understanding what type of hazards we are to to to address And then what kind of consumption scenarios are we dealing with? But exactly it's this is the idea of not just wait and see and hoping that everything was will go well We just need to be proactive and think a little bit outside of the box and including using some techniques like you just mentioned. Thanks Thank you. Vittorio for adding to that Belgium Thank you So I'm from Belgium and I would like to ask what do you use as safety criteria for growth media like for cell cultures or also Growth media are used for fermentation technology. It could be production of vitamins or whatever and I guess I don't know but if if you're using Producing cell cultures, you would not consider the growth media as feed but Well, do you have any regulation or Or criteria to consider When it is safe. Thank you So right now when it comes to cell based meat, it is a very new technology So that's why we are taking the approach of early engagement As for the criteria as of now, we do not have any sort of Prescriptive limits or anything along those lines We are going with the approach of requiring. Um, let's say a certificate of analysis when it comes to demonstrating the safety of the inputs And as for specific components that the company might add in Those comes on a case-by-case basis. So provided that the specific component itself has Say some sort of Studies behind it where it can be demonstrated that the food is that that component is safe We likely have no objections with the use of that specific component In the case where let's say the component has no history at all Um, it is very likely then we will require companies to provide a toxicological studies to support the safety of those components Thank you for that. Does that clarify uh, kustin? Yeah, it feels like there are a lot of open questions because compared to food of feed it feels like That's nothing, but but maybe I've simply not read it, but Yeah, I don't see what criteria to apply to growth media Yeah, so we are definitely very sympathetic to this in the sense that Because this is new it is very difficult to tie down a criteria at this point And I think one thing we're to pay attention to is that for these many of these new companies. They are trying new technologies and For us if we impose early criteria as to what is the range of inputs that can be used Essentially we are we could be stifling any sort of innovations in this space in this space So that's why we might want to take a slower approach when it comes to setting a very strict criteria when it comes to This sort of inputs in cell media As in these are then the things we encounter because it's also so new. So it's all at the beginning I see uh, hand raised from uh, steve from australia Yes, um, thank you astrid. Um Yeah, I'd like to also comment on the singapore situation But that's not to say I should say the other two presentations were not excellent They were all three were really good presentations. So thank you very much But like to I guess commend singapore food agencies the first in the world to actually approve a cultivated meat product That's the chicken product We've been working closely with singapore and they have done a lot of detail work in terms of uh, the underpinning risk assessment Uh, but there are some interesting questions that have risen particularly from christian and so on and um, also Regarding the cifu consumption data On the latter, I think the normal approach would be to use a Where there's an absence of food consumption data for particular food commodity to use a substitute That would represent a conservative type food consumption Uh situation For the cultivated chicken, I would suggest that you might use consumption data from the Conventional chicken given that the consumption of the cultivated chickens likely to be lower given the cost And there I'm assuming for many insects that will be food consumption data from some parts that will that could be used as as a substitute I'm fascinated by the mercury example And I think that Does highlight how we have to be attuned to new hazards associated with these new foods and production systems That may be unexpected and I think in that regard Uh, I'd like to emphasize from my perspective the importance of collaboration and information exchange and also exchange of data between National governments and food regulatory agencies So I think that that as we move forward in this space That's going to be really important so that we can um Ensure that innovation Can continue moving forward but Innovation is done in a safe way So i'm sorry astrid. There's not really a question just some comments Um, but back to you. Thank you Thank you very much. Maybe a fail can comment on it marcos I can always comment on things but uh, so I can comment on uh comments No, I it reminded me of the uh other discussions that are actually happening At the same time in particular within the context of cell-based food production is What is the equivalence question? When is a cell-based product a meat replacement? When is it not a meat replacement and how should we call it and if it meat is not complicated enough? You can think about milk uh cell-based milk production or Equivalent of there are four Maybe with genetic editing or genetic modification of some of those cell lines The whole discussion gets more interesting Um, and and we have to start stop then at some point and and think about nomenclature or nutritional equivalents or functional equivalents That that factors into the discussion also with regard to replacement for for exposure assessment Because there's intrinsically some assumptions baked in that the Here chicken nugget that that this has been approved in singapore would be a replacement for a conventional chicken nugget Which may be a fair assumption here But may not hold true in future because of the flexibility that these new food production methods will provide to all manufacturers and to all of us Um, that then may undermine some of the definitions that we are used to or we need to very carefully think whether those definitions Still hold up. Thank you Thank you very much And are there other responses comments questions? Yes us lorne Uh, thank you very much and those are very interesting Uh presentations. So very much appreciated Uh, we heard about a lot of potential problems That we might face in the future Um, and some of those we can I think draw a clear line to the work of this committee. So for example, uh Um, singapore pointed out that there was a Mercury there were mercury levels and various plants that were much higher than a maximum level um, but some of the, um The situations that were uh identified as future problems aren't necessarily Under this committee's remit. I mean, I'm thinking of uh, if there are physical particles of Chunks of things ground up in the recycled animal feed or um You know, perhaps even just good practices for uh, that would fall on the food hygiene area So I'm curious for uh, you know input from all the presenters on what they think would be let's say The one or two key issues that uh might really align with this committee's With this committee's work Thank you Thank you. Are there any presenters who would like to respond? Vitorio Thanks, astrid and thanks loren for for the question You touched exactly on on on why we wanted to have this discussion here and again is um, it's the beginning of a conversation We are not pretending that we will be solving the issue Now and today we wanted to oh to some of these issues. In fact, um, perhaps all of these issues don't feed squarely into any codex committee But we were thinking where we could start a discussion on some of these topics And what possibility exists if there is interest in codex To follow up on some of these issues where we could begin the conversation On on these topics and and again The circular economy aspects you saw for example There is issue related to to plastics and food contact materials, which is another big monster Again, probably we don't need to take it all at once But maybe we can slice in different pieces and see what Could be an area where if there is interest by members we could do some work Microplastics it's a topic that is growing and again Maybe there is room for for for considering to do something FAO and WHO have done work already Potentially there can be done more Insects is another Aspects as we said from food and feed safety aspects So that I think there are a variety and again It's not a simple yes or no or take in the box It's probably we need to to to to have a little bit of imagination on see how we can address that I'll take that opportunity maybe if there is gracia in the room to ask What sort of possibility exists within the codex frame or to have some of this discussion And again, I think we need to disconnect for a moment from the the classical Outcome of this committee that there may be an ml or a code of practice I think we need to to see other possibilities because again for some of these issues We will not have right now all the knowledge all the data that would be required to do A standard and probably it's not even needed a standard at this point But it will be already enough good first step to have a discussion on some of these issues at the level of codex So, I don't know if you gracia would like to provide maybe Some overview about what possibility exists within the codex framework. Thanks Well, first of all, um, good morning to to all delegations and thank you to to found For these side events Well the possibility in codex is always open by having these Standing item on the agenda of every committee in codex including this one, which is other business There is where every country has an opportunity to bring issues to the committee which Are not scheduled for discussion at this meeting, but that could still Have some sort of brainstorming and and then sort of agreed to to have Have a schedule for the next session If you look at the agenda at least for the contaminants also You will see that under other business. You do have some explanatory notes If there will be the wish for instance of These committee to bring more visibility to these sort of new or novel issues in codex We can still have some explanatory notes on the other business where you Could encourage countries to bring some of these novel issues to to the attention of cccf And subject to agreement by this committee. We can include it in in the discussion Another possibility if you really would like to look more into these Foresight matters could be to agree to have an agenda item which is With a title which is Specifically dedicated to to bring possible issues like this to rain a storm and like vittorio says Doesn't have to be with the intention to have a maximum level or a code of practice But simply exploring what could be done For instance by presenting a background document I will not call it discussion paper just to make a difference I mean, but the issue will be a steal to describe a little bit What could be discussed what could be if there is any room In in in this committee to do something or what could be that something that can be done And and just have a discussion on that and and and see How we can address these issues with the current data and information available So, I mean you you have an standing option, but also you can make it more visible but but but Having something which is more specific under other business or just having an item Perhaps for the upcoming session of this committee because you see value in making more visible And by doing that you encourage Countries to bring these issues To the attention of the committee. Thank you Okay. Thank you. Gracias for that explanation So there are several options we can address in cccf these kind of issues They can be raised under other business We could also add a explanatory note to other business That these emerging issues could be put forward as well To be discussed in cccf or otherwise, maybe there could be a standing item on the agenda Which could be called Emerging issues or something like that It's maybe something for you to reflect upon what would be a good mechanism for us to keep these things in mind So at least these are the opportunities. There are opportunities to have discussions on emerging issues without immediately, you know going into the ML path or code of practice path to to have a more broader discussion or signal to other to other countries Because as stated it's also very important to exchange with each other the information So the cccf could be used as a as a forum for that So having Said that are there any other questions from the room to the panels and the presenters? If not, I would like to switch the roles And ask the panel members if they have questions to the public to the audience Do we have any particular questions to ask? And what would you like to hear from no from the country's present Yes, yeah, we have a few questions actually because we we have run this Side event to have inputs from your side So I think both the three of us presented a wide range of issues that we are seeing emerging and Particularly FAO and those in Singapore. We're giving attention But we would like to know what are we missing What is in your countries what what what are the emerging issues in terms of not only food and food products But also new technologies new challenges new trends What do you see coming up that could present? Possibly a risk for food safety But so also something that we need to address Within codex within FAO and WTO what are you working at which kind of information? We have a little bit to hear from your side Things which are missing our foresighting exercise and and our scanning to hear a little bit more from your side Yes, please us lord Thank you. Thank you. Thank you for the question I'm going to share just from a colleague said She was very interested in what codex is doing on E e retail food so How foods are You know being You know ordered and just online and distributed online that was presenting quite a few challenges, so I'm not entirely sure that's again in the In the remit of what we're talking about, but definitely is an issue of Of concern that that wasn't wasn't mentioned. So I'll pass that on. Thank you So there's an issue that we see also as a development or for the usc's a development and I think in all countries That e retail is is increasing and all the issues are And how do we address that and I see verna waving from the back verna, please Thank you astrid And just to maybe inform the group here that in codex we are doing work on e-commerce E retail and that is being done in the committee on food labeling But it's more about the information that should be provided to the consumer When you purchase through e-commerce Thank you So that's being addressed by food labeling. Yes in the committee of food labeling. Thank you very much Canada please john I am not altogether clear if this is the right place to bring this up, but In terms of potential contamination from using recycled materials in food packaging Would that be something that would be dealt with here? That's something we're very interested in and it's kind of the interface between the a lot of the new environmental concerns about, you know By 2030 reducing the the amount of plastic and landfill. We're seeing a big push towards By our stakeholders towards using recycled materials and We're Not sure that we're ready for it. I guess Thank you for that question I think the example brought up by by canada it's very relevant at least resonate very well with also what we are seeing At f a o and and you mentioned exactly one of the of the driver for for these The increased need of sustainability in our in our agri-food system production They need to reuse and recycle things. So the circular economy aspect that I was Discussing also during my presentation We are working into making a report on circular economy and the impacts that it has on food safety And one of the examples is exactly that that there are things that getting contact with food That probably don't need to be in contact with foods And and so that's that's one aspect the water recycling is another one We will see also the example from from from singapore again Particularly in close production systems where the water is being reused and recirculated. This may pro pro some some challenges So there are different dimensions the food waste that is used as a substrate for rearing animals and rearing insects For example, also can create some challenges. So the circular economy aspects for sure It's we see that it's important from a food safety standpoint Again, if and how this can be taken up at codex, it's a different discussion But I think it's a discussion at some point It will be nice to to start like we are starting today and again It's not a close discussion that yes This will lead to an ml as we said or a code of practice For me it will be already enough to to start the conversation like that and and thanks to gracia She has outlined also there are a number of possibility to have this type of of discussions even within this committee Which I think could be could be of interest to to to consider at least thanks Yes, thank you And I believe also part of your question was if this is the committee where we can deal with such things Uh, I believe but I'm looking also at the codex secretariat that this would be an unintentional presence from chemical in food So it would be in the mandate, but I would like to hear codex We can crash your failure Referring back to the comments from canada. Definitely. Yes. That is wrong for this committee to deal with that And I don't know whether my colleague want to add something. Thank you Thanks, and I think victorio touched on the issue of the water For example in codex. We we are we are going to be sending Guidelines on on water reuse Uh to the commission, but that is from a microbiological food safety Point of view and a few years back we did refer that to cccf But at the time I suppose we were not ready to really think about the issue And I think the time is really ripe now for us to think about how do we bring in the issue of contaminants because that Guideline purely addresses microbiological safety and there are many other issues that we need to consider. So I think probably My chief is here That in codex we need to think about things in a more holistic way And I think I would hope our executive committee will pick that up when they look at the guidelines On on on the water reuse and recycling You know and then for us as a committee to start thinking about how can we contribute to that Document as well to ensure the safety from a contaminants point of view. That is just one example Thank you very much. Any additions from our side? No and Victoria just I Yeah, I think the comment from from canada triggered this this Round of discussion, which for me it's it's very interesting and and thanks also verna and gracia Yes, the example of water is another one. I think where yeah the chemical safety aspects I think are are important as importantly as as the microbiological aspect So I think it will be Again something for us to to to consider Thank you. Any other Delegations would like to share their experience or any other things we are missing. Yes, please could you state? si gracias por la oportunidad bueno escuchando les escuchando les hablar prestado atención punto a punto y realmente los temas emergentes Surayan esta importancia pues nos aperturan Al enfoque en otros trabajos que se refieran a estas necesidades ahora hace un momento alguien mencionaba el tema de la de la contaminación de los embases En el caso de panamá estamos trabajando Dentro de nuestra legislación para ir reduciendo ir reduciendo el uso del plástico He visto este impacto de reducción en el mundo La convergencia de varios temas globales siguen siendo preocupación para muchos países como es el caso de panamá Quiero felicitarles y decirles que sus trabajos están siendo muy importantes para nuestros estudios nacionales Pero aquí viene mi pregunta Tendremos a futuro guías de trabajos puntuales Para aplicarlos en nuestros trabajos en nuestros países perdón Recomendaciones de tratamiento de estos hallazgos que serán aplicados a nuestros países Hablamos de un correcto bienestar de salud pública Inocuidad y salud mental Si sabemos que comemos seguramente No seguiremos sintiendo bien. Más que nada la pregunta puntual Vamos a tener guías a futuro para tratar estos temas Thank you Panamá for your question Anybody from the panel to respond? Vittorio? Thanks a lot to Panamá for the nice question And yeah the short answer is at least from FAO any guidance any materials That we produce that is relevant to this discussion We will always bring it to the attention of codecs and cccf in particular We have an agenda item agenda item three where we provide updates from from FAO and from WHO of course And we will certainly be providing that information To the specific topics that we are discussing now We have a number of publications that have already been made available As I mentioned we are working on a report on circular economy That hopefully will be ready in time for the next session We are also working on on a short review on food contact materials That would also be hopefully available for next session So anything that we produce will be put forward to to the attention of the committee The issue then is whether based on this initial Knowledge and and and inputs from from FAO and from WHO Whether there was any interest then to follow up the discussion of codecs or not That's something that exactly we can discuss But for sure if we do provide guidance and we do We will certainly make sure that these guidance is available to all codecs members. Thanks Thank you Marcus Maybe just to add to that so we have two different avenues if you want to think about it that way We provide scientific advice as a global normative service to to normative organizations like codecs And those Guidances are by design Somewhat high-level because they need to apply on a more global setting Now codecs can translate this into maximum limits if there's enough interest on a on a Global level, but that doesn't never prevent any country specifically asking for For help from FAO or WHO or both To implement national legislation to adapt Any specific issues to the national situation and help implement a country from The legal background on how to set up a food safety law to how to Run a food control system How to assess a food control system how to improve a food control system We provide many services that are outside of codecs mandate Two countries specifically to help them Improve their food safety situation and food safety governance in general So just reach out to us or reach out to the local FAO office If you have any questions or any needs in that regard and we will gladly discuss that. Thank you Thank you WHO came Thank you very much as for that. Good morning everyone just to add to one my colleagues from FAO mention I've we fully agree from the WHO side. I also want to mention to panama that we just quite recently from the WHO side published kind of guidance and a tool to Various countries in all six UN languages on how to estimate the burden of foodborne diseases. I will Explain this in a bit more details this afternoon when we go to agenda point three But just to mention that also from the WHO side. We do similar activities On our own or in collaboration with FAO on this issue. Thank you Thank you so much. So there's much guidance available and also support available if you want a specific support Um, we're quite approaching the end of the meeting, but maybe a short remark question Daniela Just remark to add to what my colleagues were saying What the the FAO support and some WHO's not only in the provision of scientific advice and the helping countries in Translating those code experiment recommendation in National legislation, but also we have an overall set of capacity development activities So going from the legal advice looking at legislation, but also then the implementation of those code extenders or National legislation and providing very specific concrete guidance to producers. So also to private sector For instance what we have done when we developed the the a minor loan Feed safety based on the codex Code on good animal feeding but then translating in good practices They're both producers and government officers could apply in their own country So as marcos was saying there is a whole range of activities They really work hand in hand with codex providing information, but also helping countries in Taking aboard all that information and the wealth of of knowledge Thank you. Thank you very much for that. Well, I get the feeling we're far not Done with the conversation about emerging issues and how to deal with them So let's take it up further in the in the coming meetings in the coming days On how to address these these issues Thank you for your lively discussion. Thank you for all your presentations and work For all the speakers and thank you all for your questions. So this was a lively discussion and I will Leave the last word For our chair of the committee sally to close our event for this this morning Well, hello everybody good morning to you all And thank you to the panel. It was great to have this discussion For you all We have a cross-country Interdependence which tie together our agri-food systems globally And this also ties together our challenges So we as a committee Need also to look at our fit for purpose Which is coming our way Because there are a lot of challenges coming our way And we addressed some of these at the panel So I think it's nice to learn from the reach outs that who FAO do to all the countries to get aid But also for us to see whether our agenda is fit for purpose in the future So this is for us now to look not now, but well at least now, but also in years to come So please take also time to reflect in your own country on these issues and what you would like to learn For us, it's very good to know that we in the Netherlands are also discussing this in a wide range of areas and we look at sustainability But we do mix these with the safety issues, but also with the health issues So we're looking at how can we proceed further with our agricultural system at this minute But also with the products which being presented to the consumers But are these safe healthy and sustainable? So how do you present these and we do have a lot of discussion with our farmers, but also with the private sectors So it is in every country a situation Sometimes different, but sometimes alike. So let's learn from each other So with this Thank you again panel for starting up this discussion And I think we need to have this discussion every year and maybe have some specific points Or themes raised so we can do some small in-depth Discussions and to Well inspire each other Thank you, and we'll see each other this afternoon with the opening of The contentment commission