Stanford University. My name's David Victor. I'm from UC San Diego. I was here at Stanford many years ago at Stanford Law School and Freeman's Bogley Institute. It's terrific to be back here. And I wanted to say one thing about the theme here, which is about electricity and regulation. I'm an academic. Academics are completely disagreeable people. We make progress by disagreeing with each other. That's how we advance. There is one thing that essentially every academic study that's looked at deep decarbonization agrees on, and that is decarbonization means electrification. We don't agree on exactly how much, but electricity is the center of it. Electricity is a highly regulated industry, and so it's hard to imagine a better panel to talk about that than the panel we have here today. We're going to have a few minutes of opening remarks about the decarbonization challenges, what's proving easy, what's proving hard. I have a fireside chat here. We're the last panel between now and lunch, so we're actually in a very powerful position. We can cause a lot of anguish and hunger. I'm going to ask you folks to ask some questions along the way, bring in the audience a little bit earlier than in the previous panels. But let me just first introduce the panelists to my immediate right, Alice Bushing Reynolds, who is the president of the California Public Utilities Commission, previously worked on energy and climate issues for Governor Newsom, Governor Brown, was a Cal EPA before that at the Attorney General's Office, very distinguished career between public sector and private sector around law and regulation. And then next to Alice is Joshua Burns, who is a member of the Iowa Utilities Board. That's the regulatory commission of Iowa. He is also a key person, vice president of the organization of MISO states. MISO is a regional transmission organization in a huge section of the Midwest, and so I have a chance to learn from Josh about the role of regionalization, what's working, what's not working there. Is a senior official at an organization dear to my heart, an organization called Naeruk, which is the club of utility regulators in this country, and it's the institution that many of you have never heard of, but is vitally important because it's the place where best practices and lessons that learned are moved around. So a terrific panel for you today. I want to start with you, Alice. Maybe you could give us a few minutes of opening remarks on the decarbonization goals, what you're sitting in the Utilities Commission, what's looking like it's easy to do, what's hard. Yeah, great, thank you. And I just wanted to start by saying how happy I am to be here. Really pleased to be a part of this event today. I think this consortium is exciting. As you heard from the last panel, what we're taking on is huge. And I think that one thing that Stanford is doing is encouraging an underappreciated skill, which is listening. I think really listening broadly and bringing in lots of voices as we take on this challenge. So just really pleased to be here. And so I am the president of the Public Utilities Commission at the CPUC. We regulate energy, water, transportation, telecommunications, and we have some work on rail as well. In the energy sector, our regulated entities are the investor-owned utilities. It's about 75% of the load here in California. And when we think about all of the utilities, we're prioritizing safety, reliability, and resilience. In the energy sector, we're very, very focused on clean energy, meeting our clean energy targets. And then of course, primary concern is cost and affordability. So we take all of those things and we're trying to move as fast as we can on solutions for the huge challenges we have in front of us. So for electricity, we have a goal of 100% clean retail sales of electricity by 2045. We also have a statewide carbon neutrality goal of 2045. And so at the PUC, we're doing the work to make sure that the energy sector it meets or is ahead of its portion of meeting those goals. And when we think about the energy sector, it's not just on the energy itself. So part of this is cleaning up the fuel, right? So making sure that all of the energy electricity that's provided to all customers in California comes from clean sources. But it's also about electrifying the transportation sector, electrifying the building sector. And from our perspective, making sure that the utilities we regulate are prepared for that transition. So is our distribution system ready? Is the transmission system ready? Are we supporting what's happening and encouraging and facilitating what's happening on the transportation side and the clean building side? So we take our part of the climate change transition very seriously and we're really trying to do as much as we can to support it and encourage it. It brings a lot of challenges. And I think that's part of what we're here to talk about today. The other thing I really wanna focus on and it has been the subject of this event as well is the equity piece. So it's not just affordability, but it's also equitable solutions. We're doing in that space a lot to talk about. Some of it is just high level, making sure that to the extent we're subsidizing. So all of our funding comes through, not our funding, but funding to do this transition in the energy sector comes through utility bills. And so if we're subsidizing, we're using rate payer money. We wanna make sure that that money is targeted to low income and disadvantaged communities to the greatest extent possible to get through this transition. And then we're also making sure that services and programs are all prioritizing disadvantaged and low income communities. And we're prioritizing hearing from those communities in our proceedings and in the work that we do. So it's a hard job to move quickly and also try to learn from past mistakes and constantly try to challenge ourselves to do better. Just quick follow up before we got to Josh. In terms of what's proving really difficult, is the carbon part of the story cleaning up the fuels and so on, is that proving because of technological advance, maybe easier than people expected, but are the equity questions proving harder because you're ultimately using rate payer money and you're creating subsidy schemes and cross subsidy schemes and there's all kinds of adverse effects. Does it help us understand kind of where, what's the state of play right now in terms of what's really challenging? I think that's well stated. It's kind of pulling it all together and realizing that we might wanna do everything everywhere but there are also consequences of that in trade-offs. And so when we think about clean energy, we're very focused on getting a path to reducing reliance and then eliminating reliance on our gas plants. So in California, at least for the investor and utilities, we're not really relying on coal. So we've been very successful in moving away from coal resources but we still have gas plants. And so our path is focused on replacing the function of those gas plants and figuring out how we can get to a reduced reliance and then elimination of that part of our resource mix. And we've done a lot on, California has been a leader on solar development. We've made a lot of early investments in that have brought down the costs of many of these resources, wind development. But we're at a point where rates are unsustainable for people. We have about 30% of the customers within the territories of the utilities that we regulate who are on low-income programs. So they receive subsidies for their energy bills. So we need to think about providing services for everyone, every single Californian in an affordable way. On the gas question, there's a guy here who wants to convert cardboard boxes into methane so he'll probably find you at the break and solve the gas problem. So I'm curious, Josh, you've heard about some of the challenges we face here in California. You're in Iowa. You're interconnected with the entire Midwest or a solar-dominated grid system as we move to renewables.  What's proving easy and hard for you in Iowa? Sure. Well, first and foremost, I'd just like to take the opportunity to thank everyone for having me come to this panel. I would also like to say that Brock Purdy is an Iowa State grad and George Kittle is an Iowa native and went to the University of Iowa. So Iowa right now is probably in second place in terms of 49ers fans since we don't have a professional football team. I'm gonna rule out of order all questions about football and so on, just we're gonna stay focused on the grid. So, but yeah, this is an honor to be here. So I appreciate that. And ironically, yes, I was the OMS vice president, but because of politics, our president of OMS, he was from Wisconsin. He hadn't been confirmed yet by his Senate and his Senate a couple of weeks ago voted to not confirm him. And so I am now the president of OMS. And so my advice is be careful when you sign up for leadership positions because things may happen and come true. But I think to your point that some of the challenges and things that maybe we're seeing, and I think OMS or the MISO system is a good example of that. You know, we have MISO North, MISO South. So basically we're going all the way from Canada down to New Orleans. And sometimes within MISO, we don't agree on policies. You know, and MISO South sometimes has a hard time supporting things that we're doing up in MISO North. And I think, too, the other thing to point out, I think this is a good panel because you have an individual, President Reynolds with California, and then you have me and Iowa. We are vastly different from each other when it comes to our energy resources. We really don't have any decarbonization goals in Iowa and yet we're second or third, I don't know, we go back and forth between us and Oklahoma and the amount of wind energy we produce. But yet we have no goals or mandates on us to do those things. And I think right now as a regulator, I would say some of my biggest challenges that we're facing is just, you know, making sure policy isn't just a one-size-fits-all. Each one of us are different estates and it becomes a challenge sometimes when the policy is maybe just a blanket policy. We have different weather patterns in Iowa and so we have different energy needs. I mean we can have a day in which it's 50 degrees out and the next day it might be negative 20. And so our energy resources and our energy mix needs to be different than maybe what it is in California to meet those needs. So sometimes I think policy gets to be tough to navigate especially if it's coming from a federal level. I think the other thing and I'm excited about Ernest in the sense that we have a small team at our utility board. And so in Iowa we're called a utilities board. We're not a commission. I don't know why. There's only two states that use the word board. It's us in New Jersey. But so at our Iowa Utilities Board we have a very small bench of employees. I don't have a lot of people in reg analysis or people that can crunch the data if you will. And so for me Ernest is going to be a good resource, a good resource or a tool for us to make our bench a little bit deeper. So I look forward to the fact that Iowa State University is a partner in this and that Professor McCalley at Iowa State is engaged on this because we're gonna need those resources as a regulatory board because we just don't have, we just don't have the bodies. And the other thing is it's really hard for us to find that workforce. The minute that we land a really good employee that really understands this utility world, we lose them.  And as most of you know, this is not an easy world to understand. It takes time. There is a long onboarding process to understand the utility sector. And so you lose somebody that's been there for three to five years, they have all that knowledge, you built it up and then they're gone and then you gotta replace that void. And that's really, really hard on some of us as regulatory bodies is to keep that workforce pipeline filled. And I think Ernest is gonna do a really good job of helping us out as regulatory bodies to keep filling that pipeline. My notes here say WSED, what should Ernest do? Alice's remarks suggest that one of the things we might do is really maybe quantify this interactions between these different nods. You're worried about carbon, you're worried about cost, you're worried about reliability, you're worried about equity, justice and so on. And look at the trade offs and see how they're connected. I wanna ask you Josh, from the Midwest point of view, you mentioned there's disagreements in MISO, but nonetheless you all seem to get along. We don't have that experience in the West and yet there's a lot of value in regionalization. Almost all the models are showing tremendous value being able to move more power, especially renewable power over longer distances. So help us understand what's the secret sauce that allows 14 different states with different ideas, different regions, different preferences, that allows them nonetheless to cooperate? Are they're paying each other off? Are they, is one guy there holding a lead pipe, looking at the other guy's kneecaps? What do you do to hold it together? I would say relationships and communication. So we may have disagreements within MISO and MISO North and MISO South, but at the end of the day we have really good communication and I think that was talked about on the previous panel is sometimes you have to have those difficult conversations. And I think the other thing is just pointing out that, there are times we can look at Winter Storm, Elliot and situations like that where MISO South really needed MISO North to keep the lights on and to keep the system from catastrophic failure. So I guess you need to have that communication, build those relationships and maybe remind them from time to time with the benefits that they receive by being part of the greater grid. Okay, sounds a little bit like a lead pipe, but it was kind of a friendly lead pipe. Friendly pipe, yeah. Let's take Elliot as an example. So this is a storm, this is December 24th, 2022. One of these cold bombs or whatever bombsite, bomb cyclone I guess is the term of art, where the jet stream wanders south, you have huge areas that are interconnected and also very cold and not able to draw on natural gas for reliability. Help us understand from Ernest's point of view, do we need to be doing more work on these kinds of tail events to understand their probability, how the probability may change in the future and what that means for folks ultimately who are responsible for keeping the lights on? I think so. I think there'd be strong benefits in taking a look at some of these extremes. I mean, that's what we hear, we're gonna have more frequent extreme weather events, so I think absolutely we need to take a look at those extreme situations that we're encountering. I mean, I think Iowa State's actually gonna do some research or is talking about doing some research just in terms of a few years ago we got hit with a deratio. I mean, we basically had an inland hurricane that was absolutely devastating in the state of Iowa. So taking a look at that system and what went right, what went wrong, and preparing for those future events, I think that is absolutely should be within the scope of it. Do you, I wanna go to ask the same question to Alice, not about bomb cyclones, but about other events we have here in California, but just before I do that, do you have a sense as a utility regulator that there are more of these tail events that we don't really understand? Is that one of the things in keeping you up at night? Um, what keeps me up at night is just the reliability side of things. Take a look at what happened at ERCOT.   So I think as a regulator, that is somewhat nerve wracking to think that, you know, you could be blamed for any sort of failure, shortfall in the grid. So it's that reliability that keeps me up is making sure that, you know, that the lights do stay on. And, you know, I just- So for an A-Rook, we just got done doing a book club and it's a book called A Question of Power. Very good book, if you haven't read it, take a look at that. But it's, we have people in this world that are definitely the have-nots with electricity. And then we have us, we are the haves. And sometimes I worry about us going from the haves to the have-nots and making sure we're doing a good job of keeping this grid resilient and reliable and making sure that we're making good decisions that have those end results. Let me ask the same question to you, Alice, that Ernest is getting going. He's gonna be working on all different aspects of grid operations and planning and things like that. How much emphasis should we be giving on the reliability and resilience part of this? California's been through hell of a lot with, with, you know, the wildfires. I think I saw a guy building an arc on the way in here because we're getting ready for another flooding event. Is that, are those same concerns really keeping you up at night? That's an easy question for me and I would say absolutely. Everything that we're talking about here is done at the same time that the impacts of climate change are already hitting us. And the past is no longer a predictor of the future. And so when you think about what we're trying to do in the energy sector, a lot of it is planning. So we're getting ready for what we expect in the future so that we can provide a reliable grid so that power can be provided at all times of the day as much as people need when they need it. And in California, in the past, we've gone for about 40 years without seeing an increase in our load. Our load has been very stable despite population growth, economic development growth. But we had made early investments in energy efficiency and they really paid off. And now we anticipate load growing and not just load growth, but load growing with extreme spikes at certain times with heat events. So we're getting needle peaks and we're getting load at different times a day. We're getting load that is less easy to predict. But we also have a lot of opportunity there to do load management. And we're talking a lot about that here which is part of our planning efforts. And the incredible power of load management is also something that we look forward to. And we also welcome some load growth because that can help put downward pressure on rates as we start spreading load across more megawatts and use electricity for more of the energy wallet of consumers.     But we also have to be able to manage that load and a lot of the solutions we're talking about have a cost. So if we wanna automate, there's a cost to that. Those investments have to be made somehow and usually they're put on the backs of ratepayers. We have been talking a lot about federal funding which is also incredibly helpful. And in California, we are working hard to take advantage of federal funding including tax credits to have that help us through our transition. But we're also planning in terms of what is a load that we're forecasting for the future? What does it look like in light of climate change and do we have the resources in place to meet that load? Are we planning for those resources and making sure that they're available? We're doing that in a lot of ways of course including emphasizing battery storage. We've seen a huge increase in battery storage. About three or four years ago, we had about 200 megawatts of battery storage and now we have over 7,000. And so we've been able to see if we're really focused on solutions, we can make them happen. And that's not to say that it's not challenging. It takes a lot of people. One thing before, I know you have more questions. I did want to. I got a long list here. I'm gonna show everybody the list. Check that box. I did want to note just for background in California, we also have 43 load serving entities.  And so when probably most of this office, most of this audience is not relying on utilities to make choices about their portfolio of resources in the future. It's likely it's a community choice aggregator. So smaller entities, local governments that make choices about portfolios. What we do at the PUC is we do system wide modeling to make sure that all of those portfolios come together for a reliable system. A quick follow up on this. Now I'm gonna go to Josh and talk about siting. Seems like there's an arms race underway right now, which is on the one hand, the grid is becoming more decentralized, more DERs, more LSEs, community choice aggregators and so on, it's becoming a lot more complex and also giving people more choice and voice and so on, all of which should be good. That's happening. In that all loss equal, that makes it much harder to predict how the system's gonna behave. And the other hand, we have all these advances, AI and so on that seem to be improving the quality of our modeling techniques and so on. And so from the point of view of the regulator, where do you think that arms race is leaning? Are we actually improving our ability to understand this and get load forecasts right? Is it actually getting harder and we need to develop regulatory systems that much more deeply embrace kind of like unknowable uncertainties? Help us understand that. That's gonna be very important thing for the Uranus project to grapple with. Well, I think it's a little bit of both. So we're getting better, getting better at predicting. We're trying new things. We tend to do a lot of pilot programs and so if there's uncertainty, then we test. And then we try to leave open uncertainty to be filled within the future. So to the extent that we can, we see how things play out. We welcome the private sector to come in with solutions too. We encourage competitive competition because of course I don't regulate, we don't regulate the generators. We don't regulate the private companies that control the sources of power, but we have competition there. And so we encourage that to try to keep costs down. So I think there's just a lot going on and it's what we're trying to do in California is pull it all together. And then also looking at regional solutions. We have power sources that depend on weather as we've been talking about today. And there is a lot of benefit to having a grid, a sharing of resources that's bigger than individual weather events. So in California, the time that we are most reliant on all of our resources are during West wide heat events when the entire West is hot. There are certain times when it's only hot in certain areas in California or the wind is only blowing in certain areas and the wind blows in Iowa, it's a good thing for the West. But so if we have a grid that is not brought down by individual weather events, because we're all connected, we're sharing clean resources with each other and our Western states, we can get to carbon reduction throughout the West. There may be questions about that and how we actually put that into practice here. But first I wanna go back to you, Josh, and ask you about siting. The last couple of panels I've been talking about what is now the Kofok wisdom, which is we gotta build a lot of stuff.   So from your point of view, how well are we doing in actually taking the lesson that we need to engage more communities and that makes it easier to build things? Is that one of those things that we just kinda talk about and then it doesn't really happen or it happens but it doesn't change the way we're siting? Cause it seems like the whole country is kinda stuck on this siting problem and we need to find a way forward. That's a great question and that's a big topic in Iowa right now. I mean, we've got over 6,000 wind turbines in Iowa and we got more projects that are in the pipeline to be constructed. We are now moving into an era of large scale solar projects as well. And one of the things, challenges that we have in Iowa is that we have farmland that, we may have three foot of good solid black dirt and these landowners don't wanna disturb that soil. They wanna protect that farmland. So I've been calling it landowner fatigue. We have landowner fatigue in Iowa right now and it's at an all time high and it's gonna make it really, really challenging to continue to build some of these resources whether it's wind or solar. So right now in Iowa one of the things that we have going on is we have a carbon pipeline being proposed. And so in Iowa for every county that you go through you have to have a public information meeting. So I've probably done, I don't know, 50, 60 of these public information meetings and I sit there and listen to people and they're not happy. And they are not happy about this carbon pipeline and we as a utility board, we actually grant the eminent domain for those landowners in which you don't secure a voluntary easement. That's a difficult decision for us. But this carbon pipeline is actually being built to sequester carbon off of our ethanol plants. And one of the reasons that they wanna do this is because of carbon index scores in other states and the ability to sell ethanol in those markets. So between a carbon pipeline, solar, wind, all those different things that we have going on in Iowa right now, the landowner fatigue is an all time high. And it's really making it difficult to cite things. And it's difficult now to the point where we're seeing a lot of our county supervisors, they're creating citing ordinances that are nearly impossible to put up renewables. And it's becoming a challenge. And I don't know what the solution is to overcome that other than just communicating the message with these landowners. I can tell you that there's definitely mistakes that have been made by some of these companies. They bring in these land agents. They need to understand Iowans. They need to understand the environment, their audience in which they're in. And all it does is it takes a couple of bad actors and it spreads like wildfire at the local coffee shops and it's a big problem. Well, we don't use the wildfire analogies here. Well, that's just a tendency to take off. Let me just, I'm gonna go to you and bring in a couple of questions from the audience.  But I wanna just quick follow up. You served for six years in the Iowa House of Representatives. So you know a lot about politics. You're in a very political position here. Are these citing problems just kind of political problems and people who know politics need to work on them? Or is there something that we in the analyst community, like the earnest community could be doing to help understand what's working, what's not working? Dan Riker in the previous panel talked about these dialogues, bringing people together, come up with ideas, that's fantastic. But presumably we also need to compliment that with some empirical research on what's actually working. Yes, unfortunately energy has become political. I mean, there's just no doubt. Dan Riker's gonna have a quick follow up on this, I suspect, but we need to give you a microphone. Who's the Vice President in charge of microphones? Oh, here we go, here comes the microphone. Right up here. And then after Dan, first, Dan? Yeah, very, very quickly this question about follow up research. The energy department, literally today, people have been filing proposals for how to do this related research to really get to the bottom of what's working and what's not on these very, very tricky citing issues. As I said, solar and wind are tough, transmission's even harder, and we do have to have a much better sense than this sort of qualitative go in, say some good words and get out. Okay, thank you. I'm gonna declare that to be a comment, but a very helpful comment indeed. The next one is right in the back there, there's a hand there, and just as the microphone's going over there, I just wanna mention, I think one of the things we have to do in the research community is pay attention to not just studying the things that everyone's talking about as the solutions. Community engagement clearly is part of this, but there's a lot of other, there's side payments, there's legal reforms, there's a lot, the playbook is big. We ought to be studying the whole playbook. Please, tell us who you are and what your question is. Hi, thank you so much for your time. I'm Madalsa, I'm a PhD student at Stanford. An early thread I was picking up in the conversation was the need for place-based decarbonization solutions. What works for Iowa doesn't work for California, but even within Iowa, what works for North Miso is not working for South Miso or what works for Central Valley doesn't work for San Francisco Bay. So I had a question and sort of a request. My question is how do you, as decision makers, not just navigate the political economy of that place-based challenges, but what sort of decision tools do you use to do that? And the sort of request is just as researchers, I guess, better access to spatially resolved data would be very helpful. Like we're thinking about it, it's just we don't have good granular data to tease those things out. And I know there's a privacy concern. You can figure out which person is driving or which person is using how much electricity, but some solutions would be welcome, but also how you think through those challenges. Thank you. Alice, you wanna talk about what tools for these different place-based solutions? Sure. We look at, certainly it's true that there's no one solution, no one size fits all solution. There's an emphasis on place-based solutions. Absolutely. I talked a little bit about the local community choice aggregators and even the utilities and our direct access providers who are thinking about their set of, their own set of local customers. But we're also looking at, because of course the grid is all connected, right? And so we're looking at planning for the distribution system, that the local grid, as well as the transmission system and thinking about how all of the resources work together. And in looking at the distribution system, you do have to get pretty granular about what's happening at in individual areas. Our distribution system was not built for what we're trying to do. And I think that that's an area that's maybe has been overlooked and we'll get a lot of attention. We're trying to put together studies to work on ways to learn more about the distribution system and how it can better meet our needs, the needs of the future in California. There's of course a cost to this. And so there are also cost considerations and the need to look at cost effectiveness for capacity upgrades, for grid improvements, distribution system, grid improvements for local communities. But then also the same goes for the transmission system. And so we're thinking about things like offshore wind, which actually communities, even if they're not located near areas where our wind resources is, we can make best use of it. Some local communities would like offshore wind to be part of their portfolio. And so really getting, and we have a local community effort around the areas where the development will happen, also participating. So sometimes it's about linking different communities and thinking about solutions comprehensively. Before we go to our next question, I wanna ask the same question but a different way, Josh, which is it seems like these place-based conversations are all the same conversation happens when it comes to turning equity or justice into reality. And the language even matters. Some people are more comfortable calling it fairness. Some people are more comfortable calling it justice. And it just is a reminder that we're under tremendous pressure to deliver solutions that are seen as just, but the context really varies enormously. And so I'm just curious as to how your organization is dealing with that. Are there some things that always work? Are there, is there research that we need to do to look at how justice becomes reality in different contexts? Help us think through that problem. So I think for us anyway, and again, I go back to the fact that we don't have the biggest team of staff. I think that we moving forward probably haven't done that much work in that arena. And so even like being here today and listening to our two panels ago and listening to some of that conversation, they are now gonna become resources for me as we move forward on collecting information since I don't feel like maybe we're quite there yet. So I think through the earnest program, that can help some states like Iowa where maybe we don't have some of those resources to get into some of those avenues. Yeah, I think one of the challenges is that this is an important moral issue. It's also an important political issue, but it's proving very challenging to take the big picture vision and then turn it into real projects and know what should be in and out, how much you should pay for it and so on. I wanted to see if they're right in here. Oh, I'm sorry. Let's start there. And then we're gonna have one more question here and we have an incentive for brevity. Please tell us who you are and what your question is. Thank you. My name is Toda Voodoo. I work for the city of Watsonville. And if you don't know where Watsonville is, it is about an hour, hour and a half traffic dependence south of here. My question is primarily for Alice, so. And I just wanted to preface it with an understanding that I know you get it in terms of what I've heard you say yesterday, today for rate payers and the way you're working with PUC to integrate equity and environmental justice into the way of working. But I would feel remiss today if I didn't ask this question on the topic of how state agencies can address some barriers when we apply that equity lens because one of the largest barriers that we got as feedback in the city of Watsonville for making that shift transitioning away from gas into electricity, especially when it comes to EV uptake and equitable deployment of EVs for communities who largely don't speak English, do not own a home, those types of things is rates. And I understand the benefits of a lot of these dynamic rates, but it's making it very difficult for people to understand what they're paying for. So you might not be going to the pump, but people understand that they receive so many gallons for so many dollars. And one of the largest barriers is people can't compare prices because the apples aren't apples. So I'm wondering what you can do from a state perspective when you are setting rates with those dynamic rates to make them more transparent and accessible for people who might not be here today. Thank you. You want to talk briefly about this kind of tension between what the economists all tell us to do, which is dynamic rates and what people sometimes feel comfortable with, which is not dynamic rates? Sure, it's a great question. And rate pressure is a huge issue in California. We're trying to do a lot and there's a lot of, in order to make this work, there's a cost. There's a cost of dealing with climate change, there's a cost of responding to climate change, and there's a cost to preventing climate change. And unfortunately the rate payers have had to bear a lot of it. We try to be as transparent as possible about what we're doing and the decisions that we're making, but I know that last year we made over 500 decisions. And so it's complicated. It's hard for individuals who are trying to make the right decisions to really understand why rates are going up the way they are and the decisions that are made and the trade-offs that are made. We also try to make programs available to help low-income customers. I talked a little bit about our care program. We have incentive programs for low-income customers. And it's broader than just the PUC. It's on acquiring electric vehicles, we're trying to focus charging stations into low-income communities. But it's still difficult in California. The cost of living in general is very high. And so I hear the question and I think that we do need to do better on transparency. We've tried to put together reporting that is more accessible to individuals and not just people like researchers and people in the energy space who spend 24-7 thinking about energy issues. And so we're also trying to work with community partners, community-based organizations, and also our community choice aggregators, local governments, to make sure that we're not the only ones speaking on these issues and that we're all talking together and understanding where we're going and why. So just mine for the time very quickly, Josh. Is it, from Iowa's perspective, do you face similar or see similar challenges around this tension of a rate design and maybe this is an area where Ernest could make some applications? Yeah, absolutely. We just had, last year, in the legislative session, mandate to do a report and we brought in London Economics to do a study on rate design. And so we're taking a look at that right now. So we're kind of on the front end of that conversation and early on. Yeah, I mean the rate levels are so much higher in California that certainly it's much more acute. Well, I think I have two jobs. One job first is to get your help in thanking Alice and Josh for this terrific conversation.


Let's face it, we're living in challenging times. Thanks to the pandemic, reliable electricity is more important than ever. At Georgia Power, we're more committed than ever to provide clean, safe, reliable, and affordable energy. These days home has not only become our safe place during uncertain times, but it's also your office and your children's school. That's why when the power goes out, we will do everything we can to reconnect you and get you back to business as quickly and as safely as possible. We have our word.


The perfect weapon is the ultimate Kempo movie, but how does it showcase fights with multiple attackers? We have special guest senior master Jeff speaking with us today to talk about how multiple attackers were approached in two key scenes. First a more realistic approach in the alleyway scene, and then a more cinematic display in the Crockpit Club. We also talk about how different the movie would be today using this updated Kempo 5.0 system. This is the second of a four part series, and you can find link to part one in the description below. So now let's take a look at all the behind the scenes goodness of 1991's The Perfect Weapon. Today I want to talk to you Mr. Speakman about a part of the movie or parts of the movie rather that deal with multiple attackers, and there's two key scenes that stand out in my mind, and I would love to hear your perspective on it. The first one is when Jeff Sanders right after Mako is murdered, you try to chase down Professor Snaka and then you are mugged by the four thugs on the street. And I think I speak for a lot of people who've watched that scene for the first time and had to like pause and go back and rewind just exactly what you did to take them all out. I'd just like to get your first impressions on that scene. Yeah great, I'm laughing because that was the intention of the scene. Now in this one which we call the alley scene or the wallet scene because it's all based on they want my wallet and I go to give it to him and then here we go. When you are making a movie and they're editing the movie while you're making it, they're doing that because if there's something out of focus or the color is wrong or whatever, you do have the opportunity to yes it'll cost more money because now you got to quit what you're doing to go redo that, but at least it's a heck of a lot cheaper than after the movie's done trying to call the entire crew back. So the thing that made that fight scene totally unique and if you watch it which you're framing you're explaining if you watch that juxtapose the other fight scenes in perfect it looks completely different. It has like you say it's over in seconds instead of 10 seconds it's over in two seconds and that's because when the movie was finished and there were enormous problems with the producer director and Paramount. It was a daily battle, it was a complete nightmare, miserable experience from that point of view for me and everybody else because you know when you're doing a movie you're working 12 to 16 hours a day with the same people and you got to get along you know you got to fight for the common goal of making the movie the best that it possibly can be. So the movie is now finished I went to Paramount and questioned the editing of the fight scenes explaining that this doesn't go there this goes there how come this was taken out I know we shot that that's what got me into the editing bay for the first time remember this is my first movie I've never been in an editing bay before so when I went and made my case for how the fight scenes could be better and consequently longer because stuff was out that should have been in so they allowed me to go in and re-edit all the fight scenes now we're done with all that they came back to me and said we want to do one more fight scene because the way that the director turned in the other fight scenes there were much more edited let's say choppy it just when they were watching what they call the dailies which is what you shoot that day the one thing they kept coming back and saying to me is we watch a entire fight scene from a wide shot and it works everything plays and it's beautiful and powerful and dynamic and when you go in and cut that you lose that impact from the audience of wow what was that so they wanted to bring the crew back and shoot a completely different fight scene that was never in the movie so we created the wallet scene and after the movie was done just to give us the opportunity to shoot so like you just expressed your opinion of you know you had to go wait a second and rewind it and watch it again and watch it again just to try to figure out what that that was the goal if you think about watching that fight scene compared to the taekwondo gym fight scene for example you'll see that the camera sits still kind of low and runs a fight scene and everything happens like that people who love martial art movies who are not martial artists really love the taekwondo fight scene the most people who love the movie and who are qualified martial artists they love the wallet fight scene the alley fight scene the best that was the most realistic maybe not the most sensational and and that was the intention to have something that looked more like what Kempo really is as opposed to what an edited version of Kempo is if you like what we do here and you want to support us you can pick up your own colors of combat t-shirt or a grandmaster t-shirt and canvas at our store it's like you're giving me a warm internet hug and you get a cool souvenir to show for it we appreciate you all and thank you for keeping this channel going i love that you drew the connection to the gym scene the taekwondo scene because it's both scenes deal with multiple opponents but in the gym scene it's really more even though there are three guys against one it was really almost like a one-on-one type of dynamic where now you're facing four guys that are of equal danger in that particular moment and i've heard you talk about the term previously before gash of state of motion how does that constant play into how the scene played out yeah that's exactly what it is that's so cool that you recognize that that's very very much an ed parker term which reverts back to the brilliance of who ed parker was it's really about filling the volume of the environment all at once as opposed to compartmentalizing and only taking one and then turning and taking two and turning and taking three it's about having your awareness of the entire environment so by way of example you as you know there are several techniques in the system referred to as a multiple attack or two person attack techniques and if you understand them in the context that they are to be taught you're learning how to use your environment to try to keep yourself safe so if there are two people and you're in the middle i'm going to step off to the side and try to use one body to block the other so the gaseous state of motion refers to filling the volume of the environment i want to compare this to another multiple attacker scene which is one of my favorite scenes both just in terms of the camp involved and cinematically but the crock pit scene that is such a fun sequence uh what are your initial thoughts on that on that scene it was a fun scene to watch and it was a fun scene to do again it was the pleasure of having a couple of days to do a huge fight scene with multiple cameras and the full crew in that particular scene in the crock pit once again we were able to expand perfect example of the gaseous state of motion but in this particular case you're in a bar you're not in an alley where you're alone where there's a car and a dumpster and a pole and an uneven footing because there's a step or whatever you're in a different environment because now there are a whole bunch of civilians around and tables and chairs and glass that can be broken and on and on the character that i play jeff sanders he knowingly walks into that environment where there's many many options stacked against him but he's driven by his emotional state of losing the life of his very dear friend who was responsible for helping to raise him and put him in the martial arts in the first place so again this is another scene that's full of little easter eggs that i like to go back and watch over and over and you could pick out techniques you could pick out grip of death love the reverse image for amity eagle which is kind of cool that those are peppered in there um was there any particular way that you mr parker approach to see in terms of choreography or techniques chosen most of if not all of the techniques were chosen either directly by ed parker or by ed parker and myself there was never a time that i chose a technique to do in any one of the fight scenes and the perfect weapon that was not first discussed and approved by ed parker if you couldn't make an argument that there has got to be one movie where an art like this is exposed the way it's supposed to be not the way the distributor wants it not the way the producer wants it not the way the director wants it the way the karate professionals want it i mean that's an enormous difference but on the other hand the perfect weapon was written for me and that's very different than to do a movie that they already own you know it's sort of in their closet and they meet somebody they like they go hey we got a movie that would be and now they make the pairing that's not what happened here we decided to work together but then they wrote the movie for me which is really another great thing that paramount did to help me and to help kenpo so taking that scene now so now fast forward to now 2023 if you were to remake that scene the crockpit scene today using kenpo 5.0 what would you change well how would how would different would that scene look now the new in quotes skill set that we brought from prozone juditsu and mma into kenpo now the good news is kenpo is built for that ed parker designed it so that the application of science and the cause in fact in the geometry of the moves everything is changed for us in kenpo how we move how we think how we approach conflict everything is totally different in the world of 5.0 because we accepted the responsibility of addressing that issue i think i would still do everything i could to remain on my feet you're being smothered and intentionally vision blocked just by one person to help one person but if you're in a mass attack sort of a situation where there are other people that could be combatives in the same environment for you to select to go to the ground would be a very dangerous choice because there are many variables you can't defend against i'll tell you that i would take advantage of many more joint dislocation opportunities that are very very common in juditsu and mma that are not common in kenpo in kenpo 5.0 when you have a position you'll take advantage of that position to dislocate a joint or break a bone and then move on to the other strike we even go out of our way to try to create a scenario where you have that option to do this first before you go do that it's a hugely expanded skill set and just curious are there any fun production stories or any any production notes that that day that that people might not know about yeah i'm gonna share some with you now you're gonna have to go back and watch the scene to really appreciate the story i'm about to share with you there were many almost all the stuntmen lined up to try to be in the first ed parker movie and there was such respect and reverence for who he was and what he has done for stuntmen to be in the first parker movie the first kenpo movie however you want to phrase it was such a big deal to them so in that particular scene there was one of the i was going to do 360 spinning heel kick on one of the stuntmen across the face he was going to take that hit and throw himself across and into tables with chairs around them that were full of glasses and when a stuntman does that i mean that stuff can still cut you i mean you can still get hurt big time even though it's breakaway glass and so every stuntman will take the hit and they'll lead with their hands right so that they can protect themselves from that uh what this one particular gentleman came up to me and said i'm going to take this hit for ed parker and i wasn't really sure what he was talking about except when you watch this scene i 360 kick he takes the hit and his hands drop to his side which would have been the more realistic reaction from somebody who just got hit with a cowboy boot and he let his hands drop to his side and his face was the first thing that hit the tables in the breakaway glass that he was okay at the end of it but he took that very very high risk just because this was his opportunity to make a contribution to the first ed parker movie but that was the theme that followed through the whole movie you know everybody wanted to do good for ed parker and um that was a very cool thing to be a part of the rewatchability and especially for people in kenpo this there's so many easter eggs and there's so much meat to chew on and i just love that we're able to take that and share it with those people who might not know some of this material that's in there because it's just it's just condensed like it's not just the movie that features kenpo it is a kenpo movie and it's the only one of its kind so i definitely appreciate your time today uh next time we're going to do another episode i'd like to talk to you about the warehouse scene because that's got a completely different thematic a different field than the other scenes we've talked about so far so for those of you who are watching uh join us in the next episode we're going to go in further into that and mr. speakman thank you so much for joining us today on this one you're very thank you for the invitation to be with you and all your your fans this was a quick glimpse of the dynamic structure kenpo has to offer for more information about kenpo 5.0 and mr. speakman's approach to modern fighting click on the link in the description down below now this is a four-part series and if you have not yet seen it part one featuring the taekwondo gym scene is available right here and when part three is available you'll be able to find it right up here as always we thank master jess speakman for sharing his time with us


The Lagos State Police Commissioner Ido Owunhoa has appealed to the Inspector-General of Police, Isman Al-Khalibaba, to continue to give special consideration in his reward program to officers serving in Lagos State. He made the appeal when he decorated 36 newly promoted senior officers with your ranks at the State Police Command Headquarters in Ikeja, Lagos. Plus, TV News correspondent Love Ikuku Oyadokun files in this report. It is the occasion of the decoration of the newly promoted officers of the Lagos Command and presentation of checks to next-of-kings of deceased police officers. Having served dedicatedly and committedly these statuses officers are now being recognized and rewarded. The Lagos State Commissioner of Police Ido Owunhoa commanded the officers for their diligence to duty, which he said earned them the elevation. Those petitions that got you promoted as you resume and enjoy the privileges of your new status don't let those values depart from you, because at the end of the day you will be joined by your capacity to hand the new rank. The Lagos CP noted that police officers in Lagos State are most resilient dealing with the most complex set of crimes in the country. So in appreciating the IGU for what has been done today, we also want to appeal to him to continue to give a special consideration in his reward program for the Nigeria Police Force to Lagos State. This can be done through the sustenance, the instruments of promotions. It will also be done through other reward systems that will make an upgrade Lagos Police Officer know that he's been appreciated for the great job that he or she is doing for this nation in Lagos State. In their separate remarks, the Commissioner of Police Rework Command, Yetunde Lunger, and the Archbishop of Lagos Anglican Communion Archbishop Ifrem Ademawu charged the officers to brace up for the new task ahead. Seeing a man diligent in his work, if he stands before games and not before being met, the same thing applies to seeing a woman, a lady, diligent in her work. Speaking with newsmen, some of the promoted officers thanked Cpo Womuwa for the elevation and promise to redouble their efforts in the discharge of their duties. Earlier, Cpo Womuwa disclosed that the welfare and promotion scheme represents a critical component of the agenda and leadership vision of the Inspector General of Police. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Welcome to drinks made easy. Today we're taking a look at three champagne or sparkling wine cocktails that are sure to impress your guests And best of all they take next to no time to make and if you haven't already click on the subscribe button and the bell icon So you'll be notified anytime we release a new video Let's get started The first one we're gonna make is the Hemingway, which is a variation on the Hemingway daiquiri So we'll start with one ounce of white rum three quarters of an ounce of fresh grapefruit juice half an ounce of fresh lime juice And a quarter of an ounce of Luxardo liqueur Cap that off and do a shakerton full of ice and give it a quick shake straight into the champagne flute or glass of your choice and Then we're gonna top that off with sparkling wine Now you can use champagne if you really want but you're gonna be spending quite a bit of money for something You're gonna be adding a lot of other alcohols and citrus too So I really recommend just getting a semi dry either sparkling white or prosecco garnish with a little wedge of grapefruit And there you have the Hemingway The next one's the Venetian for this we're gonna use an ounce and a half of Campari two ounces of seltzer And then we're just gonna top it with sparkling wine Garnish with an orange wedge And easy as that you have the Venetian And last but not least we have the spiced and sparkle for this We're going to use the zest of a third of an orange And if you really like a ton of orange zest you can always zest more but a little bit of orange zest does go a long way We're gonna grate a little bit of fresh cinnamon Fill with the sparkling wine of your choice Give it a quick stir Then we're just gonna garnish with our cinnamon stick and express peel of orange and There you have the spiced and sparkle and as easy as that you have three different cocktails That don't take all night to make and have three distinct different flavors Hey, I wouldn't be in the video. Well now you are safe. Thanks for watching. Thanks for watching. Cheers from drinks made easy


I'm Vinay, I work at Flipkart and I'm going to be talking about a little library I wrote called Oculus which will help you enrich your applications UI and user experience. So if you look at the current trends in the mobile space, right, we are getting faster and cheaper internet plans, they are becoming more ubiquitous and with this, what does it enable us as app developers to do? What it lets us do is deliver richer content and deliver a much better user experience to users. So when it comes to most apps, what is the best way to enrich your content? Images. People love images, we humans are visual creatures and we like things that are visually appealing, we like things that are pleasant to look at and judicious use of images in your app can actually improve your UX. So a lot of apps these days, along with using images, they are also treating their images in special ways to make their app stand out. Like for example, if you look at the Google apps now, what they do is for certain types of images like for example the user avatar, right, they crop it in circular shapes. So those are just one of the ways like circular shapes, rounded corners for rectangular shapes and what they also do is they give borders. Giving a border of a certain width, a certain color can actually help make that particular image stand out from the background and one more thing which is also common now, to give a very subtle shadow which makes it, which gives it a feeling of depth. So let's look at cropping, right. If you as a developer were asked, okay, how do I want to make my image circular? How do you do it? Most of us I think would just go on to Google and we would say, okay, fine, how do I make a circular image on Android? And you'll find tons of answers. You'll find questions and answers on stackware flows, on blog posts and you'll choose something that you like and you'll say, okay, fine, let's try this out and it works. But how do you know if whatever you have done is the best? You'll implement it and later on you'll notice a lot of issues like you might notice that, okay, one particular technique is occupying a lot of CPU usage and you see a lot of jank in your list when you scroll. You might see that one particular technique is creating extra bitmaps which is processed and that is causing a memory usage and you might also see that other issues are causing overdraw problems in your app. So what I actually wanted to do was actually make a very simple image view with which developers could just easily drop in instead of a regular image view and use it to give really good, high performance, efficient effects for their app. So that exactly is what is Oculus. It's a custom image view widget, it's a drop in replacement for image view. It comes with a bunch of really great effects that you can use really simply and without any problems and zero overdraw, no excess CPU or memory usage. And since it's an open source app and a lot of us are invested in actually having something like this, new effects and features will be added constantly. So let's take a look at this, this is an app which a friend of mine is working on. If you look at the profile image, they are using Oculus for treating the avatars. It's got a circular shape and it's got a tiny one DP border around it. I don't know if it's visible but it's a dark yellow border. So let's just look at if you want to get this done in Oculus, how do you go about it? First of all, in your layout, you would just simply put your Oculus, you'll just, instead of an image view, you'll use the Oculus image view and you'll define whatever you want. Okay, so I want dark yellow border, I want a border with a one DP and I want it cropped to circular, which is just a Boolean field. And that's what you need to do in your layout and then in your XML, you just get your reference to your view and then you do image view dot set image bitmap, bitmap as you do normally. And that's it, you're done. You get that circular image view. And let's take a look at some of the other things you can also do with Oculus. There are four images here, there are more, but as part I cannot fit more in the screen right now. First one is a regular rectangular image with rounded corners. Next one is a circular image. You have one more rectangular image here with a slight two DP border and a slight shadow. And here you have a circular image with a circular red border and a slight greenish shadow here. So let's just look at the different attributes which Oculus image view supports which you can use. You can just use just a few attributes. You can just configure attributes individually and achieve these effects. So first one is corner radius. So what corner radius will do is let you set corners for your rectangular shapes. Next one is border width and border color which you can use to specify borders for your apps, for your images, sorry. And yeah, next one is a full circle which is just a Boolean flag which you can just use to force your image to be drawn in a circular shape. Shadow color, shadow width and shadow radius which will let you set the shadow parameters for your images. And finally, yeah. Let's say if your image needs to do something on click, right? You need to give touch selector feedback for those images because it doesn't feel good if you click an image and nothing happens. So what this will do is if you just set this enable to true and set a touch selector color, the moment you touch an image, the image view will automatically draw a layer of that particular color over it. So to give it that touch selector feedback. So let's take a quick recap at what Oculus supports for now. Rounded rectangles and circles, customizable borders, shadows and custom touch selectors. Now, all of us cannot be so lucky as to have our images just embedded in the apps. So most of the time, our images will be coming in from the internet. So one very important thing about Oculus which we kept in mind when developing it was how do we make sure that it plays well with image loading libraries? So let's talk a little bit about how it works with that. If you have your custom framework for doing it and if it calls set image bitmap or if it calls the set image bitmap drawable but with a version of a bitmap drawable, it's going to work no issues. If you're using and when it comes to the other image loading library which you use, the most common ones, Picasso, Glide, Wally and Nostro's Universal Image Loader. It works pretty well with all of these except that just with a slight change based on how you actually make your image loading call. And I don't really have the time to actually talk about it and how it integrates with all of these right now. But the repository is on GitHub. There's a sample application and the sample application has integration examples for all of these libraries. So right now, the libraries in beta, it has some limitations, which will be gone by the time it's 1.0 release. The current one is the bitmap needs to be resized to the view dimensions before we get set. This is just purely because it doesn't yet support the image view scale types. It's almost done. It's pretty close. Very soon, it is going to support it completely and this limitation will be gone. And what next? Okay, so if you want to use it, how do you use it? If you're using the Gradle build system on Android Studio or even Eclipse or IntelliJ, you can just add this particular line to your Gradle script and you get it. If you're on Eclipse and using the old AntBuild system, you'll have to make a library project. I'm sorry about this for now. And it's licensed under the Apache license, so feel free to submit any pull requests or feature requests if you want. And yeah, so the project has a website. You can check it out at oculus.vinatio.com or if you want to scan a QR code and save the link, it's right here. So, questions? Questions? With respect to material design, you have certain properties like set elevation. Yes. And I mean stuff like that, so does this support? Yeah, see right now this was actually in development and all before material design and everything came in. So what we are going to do now is we are just going to, for now we are just going to bring it up to version 1.0. And after that, we're going to investigate how best to integrate material design with this because some things like customizable shadows, I want to revisit it because Android, with the material design, they don't want you to customize shadows, you just have a very specific kind of shadow. So just let's support that and maybe instead of touch selector, probably have touch selectors on if it's running on pre-L and if it is like lollipop and above instead given elevation. So this is something we just have to think through. Yeah, one more question, did you extend image view? Yeah, it extends image view. So in that case, it should support material design if you include the. Actually, it does extend image view, but for actually drawing, the technique it is using is actually creating a custom drawable. So you have your own drawables? Yeah, so in the event that if you are using your own custom image view and you don't want to replace it with Oculus image view, you can just actually create an instance of Oculus drawable and call it that on your drawable so that you don't have to replace your custom image views. So if any material design thing is we added, it will be probably be added in Oculus drawable and not in the version. Thank you. Any other questions? All right, thank you guys. And please check out the library and tell me if you're using it in your apps. I'd love to hear any problems you're having so we can get around to fixing it.


Good afternoon. Welcome. My name is, well, we'll get to that in a second. Welcome to Streamline front-end development with pattern lab and twig. We have the slides and it'll also be on the last slide. So we'll start off with the introduction. Who am I? It's actually who are we? I originally did this session in New Orleans with my colleague Chaz Chumlee who unfortunately could not hop across the pond. So but a little about us. We both work for forum one which is based in Alexandria, Virginia. We work largely with non-profits and NGOs. Basically our motto is if the company does good in the world, the agency does good in the world then we want to work with them. I'm a senior front-end developer and Chaz is a technical architect and triple evangelist and we both have kind of fun, interesting, not quite hobbies but extracurriculars. He's a DJ and I sing opera. Who is at the pre-note? Who got your butts in the pre-note? Yeah, thank you for showing up. That was fun. And I also am a student of Kung Fu. And I've been doing Drupal since about 2009 and web development in general since 1998. I've done everything from logos to database schemas and worked with some really big clients. Oxfam is a project I did recently. We did a facelift on their internet while it was live. Kind of like open-heart surgery. So a little more about forum one. We're a full-service digital agency that crafts solutions for the world's most influential organizations. Here's a smattering of our clients and let's just get to the heart of the matter of the agenda. So we're going to talk about the gist of what are we talking about with this streamlined front-end development? What tools are we using? How are we going to put the tools together? What's our recipe? I'm going to give you a demo. It's very simple but it's a proof of concept and then we'll open the floor to questions and I imagine there might be a few. So never bolt your door with a boiled carrot. This is an Irish proverb and not exactly on topic but nonetheless solid advice. So let's give you a little history. So back at DrupalCon in LA a few years ago I had a question. If Drupal 8 used twig templates and the new pattern lab used twig templates could they be the same twig templates? For those of you who have used pattern lab before you probably know that the original version used mustache templates and there's been this version been available for about a year, year and a half now that it also uses twig. Now they're not it's not quite the same how it's put together in pattern lab versus how Drupal 8 uses them but there are some similarities and there are ways to using a pattern lab twig starter kit for a theme that you can begin to parallel the two and create mappings so that Adams in pattern lab we'll get to component-based design and atomic design if you're not with me here but Adams mapped to fields molecules to view modes organisms to views oh excuse me and so on. So what are the ramifications of this approach? Well first front-enders we can take full control of the markup who has worked so far in Drupal 8 with the all right so that you know that you're using twig we don't have to deal with display suite or views or panelize or clean markup to really get control of the markup you can do it all in the templates whether or not you choose it with that wire you put in configuration that is a whole other issue which we will not be dealing with today. What's also great about pattern lab is that it can be used as a version that the client can see a version of the website that the client can see really before and they can see and improve you can demonstrate responsiveness and this can happen all before development actually even begins. Later on we'll give you a little brief demo of pattern lab in action in that way. Who here has used pattern lab? All right so that's good a good chunk of you. So in theory we can build a site out in pattern lab theoretically before development has even started and then you can install your theme in D8 and then presto change-o the site's already themed so that's the gist it's fun right? So it's not a delay to stop and sharpen the side and apparently side icons are very difficult to come by so we have a wrench so let's take a look at the tools we're going to be using. Many of you have used any and all of these we have twig we have Drupal 8 we have pattern lab so let's go back so has everyone in the room touched Drupal 8 so far? Yeah and therefore and how many of you are front-enders let's get to actually feel front-enders back-enders site builders project managers full stack I do everything including take out the garbage yes all right so and then um pattern lab maybe those of you who have used pattern lab is like this is the smallest small screw so I'm probably being incredibly redundant here but twig fast secure flexible templating engine from sencio labs the people who brought a symphony Drupal 8 which we as we know adopted twig as it's a templating language to more clearly separate presentation and content layers and pattern lab which is defined as a custom static site generator that constructs an interface by stitching atoms molecules and organisms together to form templates and pages what we love about it is uh in addition to other things I listed before is that it's a philosophy parallel several core tenants of object-oriented programming uh don't repeat yourself and keep it simple stupid those are OOP DRY and KISS so since pattern lab is the least well-known we're going to go okay this is going to be fun if I can figure out how to pattern lab can you all see this so this is the pattern lab which we did for forum one.com which is in Drupal 8 and we launched the earlier this year I'm going to give you a rundown of what we have here so this is the all page this is what it defaults to and we have I'm just going to scroll for a little bit and then I'm going to show you some of the more fun things in pattern lab um we have color palette fonts headings this is how you can go ahead it's it kind of at this point looks just like a style guide block quote but going further down you can get dates you can do image tiles image formats and then start to put those together into article byline you can do teasers you can do like literally every element of your website can be pattern lab and then put together and I'm going to show you that works so over here we're looking at all base uh you can like I was talking about team image this is what the team image is not there that's fun there we go there's an image but that's not as that's not interesting just like intro a little bit of text also not interesting but when you put atoms together and you can look at what's a sample you can start to put view modes together right that's the event hero you have an event teaser we got we'll call them postcards that's not showing up for some reason this is book this is all in pattern this is all been themed and now we can go just to give you some context this is the actual form one website and we go for example to events and you can look at the event teaser let's go back to the event teaser aside from the fact that you don't have the margin over here that's exactly what it looked like this was done first before there was any Drupal install before there was any data this got done and one of you can do all sorts of fun things we can I really can't see this small don't get old people it's annotated keep your shortcuts page that's not what I want to code code there it is so down here we now if you can see that low this is actually the markup that's the markup that was created and this shouldn't say that because this was this was actually done in the version no the with the mustache this was actually done before we started using the one in any case what's also fun about pattern lab is you can test responsiveness let's go back actually to page to pick a page you can actually play around make sure everything works well and responsively this can all happen outside of Drupal right questions about pattern lab yes sir no this is this is pattern lab.io where it lives it's free it's a basically a templating engine that you can set up to mimic the markup of a Drupal site or any site really to help practice component-based design I will demonstrate I'll show you how what you work with the templates when I do my demo for the streamlined part later okay there's another question back here yes sir yes I will I will show you we get to that yeah all right let's see we're sorry sorry I should have rehearsed this part so many of you and myself have used pattern lab and let's say Drupal 7 where you parallel in Drupal but without twig but the catch is that anytime you get a design change any change you make in pattern lab or in Drupal has to be done in both right and this is fine it's just you're doing everything twice in addition it's harder to keep track of greater chance of error in Drupal 7 if you're making this kind of a change if you were making this kind of a change you were doing the change in either display suite the markup in Drupal you're changing in display suite or panelizer or any number of places and it's really hard to keep track you're practically practically playing front and developer and site builder at the same time not impossible but it can get more complicated but if you think about what if you think about having twig in common between pattern lab and Drupal that would be uh kind of amazing that would be um kind of delicious which is why it brings us to the recipe who here is uh enjoying the Irish food Irish stew like my favorite go-to meal that and Guinness really good stuff all right so it could fire makes a speedy cook so what if I told you that pattern lab and Drupal can in fact share templates that you could theme it once and be done not repeat yourself keep it simple that you can own all the markup you don't have to negotiate uh markup with your developers how many of you ever had to like sit down with your developer and hash out the markup you wanted in a view mode versus what they were able to give you you guys are really only just a few of you it I've had some stubborn developers you're lucky so or we'll we'll paraphrase Morpheus over here you take the blue pill in the story ends you wake up in your bed and believe whatever you want to believe or you take the red pill and stay at Drupal con and I show you how deep the twiggy hole goes so these are the ingredients that this is what we're working with today we have a pattern lab integrated Drupal 8 theme out of the box there's this gentleman named Alexi Peebles who we owe a great debt to most of the work this session is inspired by his work and indebted to his work form one is also we have our own theme Gesso which we're working on updating into this method it's not quite ready yet other things you need to be comfortable using npm and composer Bauer used to be involved these are all packaged into dependency managers in the the Shaila theme uses gulp as the task runner at form one and Gesso we use grunt lots of battles have been fought over the two they both do the basically the same thing they they run JavaScript tasks in order or call on each other and so on etc they can compile sass build out build out templates clear the Drupal cache etc and the piece of magic here also from Alexi is this data transform plugin that the gist of what it does is this so we're used to in twig we have the dot notation now it doesn't matter whether it was an object or an array content dot field name dot length or however down the chain you want to go right well in pattern lab there's also a similar setup using JSON per one JSON file per twig file such that you can also inject content into your into your pattern lab files to have certain content show up and not necessarily hard-coded all in the template but what this data transform plugin allows for is it allows the pattern lab variables to mimic the twig pattern lab twig variables map or a mirror of the Drupal twig variables so it's the exact same variable names one pulling in Drupal from PHP into the template the other pulling from pattern lab and JSON into the twig template so they can be the same twig template and so this is the special sauce and it's like get us but not as delicious so again thanks to Alexi we really this this next generation of streamlined front of development is really really thanks to him that's his blog and you should visit it so now it's tea time and another Irish proverb life is like a cup of tea it's all in how you make it so now we'll take a look at what is possible this is exciting here is a pattern lab of a very simple homepage this is a site nav this is a pattern for a teaser view for speaker with you can simply see here the speaker and I have an image in another div with an h4 and the company name it is super basic because like I said before this is just a proof of concept and if uh oops I need to switch themes so we're gonna make bar tick our default there out of the box this is Drupal with I have speakers with speaker name company name and a picture so this is my instance here running on a vm uh to keep things simpler so streamlined is it bigger here let's see if I can but you want bigger over here as well working is this legible now not quite no I know I'm trying to figure out how to make that bigger as well but I'm not sure I can I'm gonna I describe it as I go so this is the public folder public themes Shaila dist is the folder from the starter kit uh this is basically where uh pattern lab is living the rest of the theme is normal templates and your normal theme files over here I've got a patterns organisms node I created a new folder called node dash dash speaker dash dash teaser and there's a little style that goes with it this is this is the the new template this is what's different than the default article teaser or default teaser template I've already made it different but this is in please look here I don't know if you'll be able to see this this is in themes Shaila dist patterns o2 dash organisms nodes this is in pattern lab this is a pattern lab template yeah here's the JSON which I'm telling you what classes to have node title for the title this is just for the pattern lab side you won't see this on the Drupal side in this and one this uh we're extending node speaker teaser dot hml dot twig that's how pattern lab and Drupal get the same the same thing so back over here right let's say you get a request from the client they want to change the speaker name which is currently an h4 let's say they want to make it an h3 so we're going to go over here I can show you the gulp file in a little bit but all it's doing is it's compiling sass it's really small isn't it basically it compiled sass did a pl generate now we're going to go back over here you say what about Drupal it's slow I know go to the Drupal version and here you actually won't see any change because this is Bartek and not Shaila but no change because this is actually still an h2 like it was in the other kind of template right there it's an h2 because this is not Shaila this is the default teaser you're getting with any theme out of the box but we're going to go back to appearance Shaila our default to the site and you can see here that's an h3 we know it because it's blue that's how I themed it right h3 to make this point I'm going to go back let's say the client changes their mind again because that never happens back to h4 right so we're going to rerun gulp refresh here we'll expect it to be an h4 and gray again and there it is and the same thing here and that is what we're talking about theming it once and done it's not as simple as just taking a theme out of the box there's definitely some setting up to do I can talk briefly about that but who here sees the power that's possible with this yeah who is who here is as excited as I am about the possibilities here yeah okay yes sir that's fine but if you have a theme that you do not have a pattern lab instance for to go ahead to go back oh sorry keep doing that to go back and put a to create a pattern lab instance of a existing site is a lot of work and not necessarily I'm think you might have some trouble convincing a client that there's value in that uh it depends on if the client understands component-based design and if they're a long-term client and that all of them a lot of factors involved sir so that is that's the structure that alexi has in his shyly theme uh there are several major differences in how we're going to be implementing things with our jesso theme uh I don't think that you should it's one way to keep things organized uh to have a per component one s one scss file one sass file and do it that way in general we also have one sass file per component but we like to keep them separate so I me personally that's not how I would do it but we're not the the jesso theme isn't as far along in this in getting it set up for production uh so which is why I chose to use the shyly theme today so it's an excellent point and I don't have a great answer for you just that it's a choice any more questions on that yeah no it's not it's actually it's a it's a starter theme it's it's really really out of the box it's incredibly minimal it doesn't even like that background color I did or is it here I basically threw together the the background color up here and it's here let's actually just aside from that I can take you look at some of his other templates like a page article it's super super basic it's I put this together just as a to show you what's possible not to show you how fancy my theming skills are yeah so yeah this is it's a very very basic theme let's I think so that was a demo which was awesome so we're coming up to lots more questions so if you guys have them but this is uh these are some links uh you can also uh the you can take a picture or the link to the uh slides is available it'll be on the last slide but here are some if you want to get involved in pattern lab want more information about the shyly theme the jesso theme and there's a pattern lab chat room on gitter.im anyone else wants to take a picture do that give y'all a second um for those of you interested in going to Greece in May uh front end united has anyone ever been to our front end united conference yeah what was that I think we had this logo first but and also ours has a little chunk out of it I'm not the creative brains at forum one I just I just make things look pretty someone else makes it someone else thinks up the pretty stuff and I put it on a website it's really simple so but anyway yes does it as I guess it is kind of similar so but anyway front front end united it is in next May in Greece um it should be great uh and very warm and I don't know if I can get there but I would love to go because you know Greece now um now we can go back and are there more questions sir I think I think that would totally be possible I've not done it that way but the you know the generic field markup for Drupal field it's not that different you know if you have your extending Drupal you know twig Drupal field twig templates then yeah you just add an extra class and you could make you know your orange background field or however you're you're doing it and of course you third time's the charm Adam and of course you could use it from one project to the next because a lot of these the templates the markup itself isn't necessarily changing it's the the CSS you're applying and you could choose to do it like uh Alexi and group them together in a directory and copy it over I mean that's full that's you're you're fully capable of choosing to do it that way and I don't even it might even be a great way to do it I've just not tried it that way but yeah that that is one of the things that's possible is you can really componentize you have the way you choose to use a search bar with you click it and it slides into the animation why would you choose to like redo that from scratch every single time yeah sir I think that there's different shops deal with the division of labor in different ways some uh at forum one we have some themers who are not capable of site building you have some themers who are capable I also do back end work sometimes uh it depends on what a project needs so in some shops choose to keep them separate to to to keep the themers out of the site building and that's one way of doing it and that's totally it's possible with pattern lab it's one of the things that pattern lab really helps make easy the the the femur can just say here I've done it in pattern lab here's the markup I want give it here the developer this is where it is in pattern lab go make it you build it this is the pattern this is the markup I need or you can go and do it all yourself like I do sometimes both are possible over there in the blue yeah there has to be communication between the front ender and the back ender about what what are the field names what are the variables uh and if they're going to be doing the making sure that on the Drupal side everything looks right so this is I don't know if you can't read this this is forum one dot com slash theme slash gesso slash pattern dash lab slash public question mark uh p equals whatever the pattern is and you can send them like for the homepage you just send them this link and they can review it this is not the live site this is just pattern lab it's for us we place pattern lab inside the theme because we want them to share css but that's a choice also sir I'll get to you next yes so the question is is it a little more time consuming to do things in pattern lab first rather than just theme the Drupal site it is but the things that allows you to do the for example pattern lab loads faster than a Drupal page you know it doesn't you don't we're not waiting seconds it's it's I mean I'm just going to refresh this and the only hit is the is the only hit is the image whereas what was it's a little slow actually it's not that slow but but the point is yes uh it does it does take a little longer but you are building out components that can be reused that already work responsibly uh that don't have to be tested again once they're used as part of Drupal just question back here so uh to keep costs down minimal overhead uh instance of pattern lab that's an excellent question um I'm not sure that that's a necessarily the best solution for a smaller client you know if there are certain for and I don't even I couldn't even come up with a number I could make something up I don't know less than 50,000 less than 100,000 it wouldn't make sense it'd be too much of a take too much of the project but yeah no it's definitely definitely a concern that I'm sure some clients or shops might have yes Tom I can't speak for other themes Gesso was designed by Denny Yard who is if I'm not mistaken both legally blind and legally deaf he is one of the champions of uh of accessibility um and he is brilliant and it's an honor one of the things I like about form one is I'm by far not the smartest person at this company he's he's one of my uh he's the head of the front end development uh and he's he's he's super knowledgeable and yeah so Gesso our version is completely accessible like a hundred percent it's totally capable of supporting pattern lab can support any theme you know um it's a it's a tool that you can we took Gesso and we put it in a pattern lab for Drupal we have Gesso for WordPress you use this pattern lab too the three are it's kind of like a a triangle that they don't necessarily all lean on each other but they they do support each other question sir the data transform plugin isn't providing the variables it's pulling the variables from the JSON file that is associated with the twig template and pulling them in to pattern lab just like so that the template is the same as the Drupal one which is getting its variables from PHP from symphony so it's the it's the uh basically the here let me show you again that JSON file yeah so this is field speaker image and I just hard coded it here in pattern lab you could easily just create just as easily create another component and call it to be pulled in here I was just trying to save myself time but this is field speaker image this is field company and here we have content dot field speaker image and content dot field company yes no you're not using them in Drupal you're just using them you're using the variables that you're from JSON to display in pattern lab so that you have dummy data to show which which would lower maybe some text or or whatever to because if you oops I don't need to open Viber nice Adam because no because if you look because if you look here this is all dummy text this is all speaker name company name this is the same image this is the same teaser pattern lab component four times no no you could pull in you can yeah this example I chose not to do that just keep it simpler for me but yeah you can totally that is basically what pattern lab does let me just to give you speaker listing the speaker listing just to it's pulling in my organisms node speaker teaser four times that's why it's showing up four times if I took the one of these out it would show three times that's just how pattern lab works if I put an extra one in there would show four times five times question yes yes uh it's actually so it's it's Drupal's using the same file because of that extra so here is the dot html.twig which both which uh which is what Drupal is using and this which extends it is what twig is using but it's basically saying use the same one so you're only you only have making the change once you're making the change here because Drupal can Drupal can find any twig template inside your theme directory because that's what Drupal does just searches it sir yes actually that I was about to go there is a way to is it no that's I had it up before um Drupal I have not yet gotten to play much with this component libraries but this is something else uh which basically it kind of does the opposite allows you to pull Drupal actual content in Drupal into pattern lab using um uh twig namespaces and I don't I do not uh like I said I don't complete to understand how this one works I've not used it yet but apparently it pulls the data from pattern lab and pulls it into Drupal um this is definitely uh chas uh brought this to my attention last week I've not had time to uh fully digest it but it looks very promising and it's entirely possible that the way what I've demonstrated today won't be the way the forum one does it maybe we'll use component libraries we're going to find the best solution that allows us to theme it once and be done in the back I'm very familiar with them they're doing very similar work as well yes they're really they're the same there's one instance of the template and whether you do it one way or the other I don't know which way is ultimately the best way I think they both have strengths I know that my supervisor one of the things he really likes about the way we're doing it now is that doing theming something in pattern lab only like a gentleman over here was was mentioning you don't need to actually have any real Drupal knowledge you can really just be a front end on your own and depending on what your team is like that might be a good solution if you're doing everything maybe you want I gotta step step back if if if you do if you are a full stack developer maybe you want to have the control maybe you want to be pulling the Drupal stuff into pattern lab or vice versa but when you have junior developers who are just wrapping their heads around pattern lab and that's how we do things with forum one the junior developer maybe needs to be not confused by anything Drupal so they can just they have the design they have pattern lab and they're going to build it out they're going to say to the developer here's the pattern lab here's the markup we need please go make that happen it really just it really depends on your team it's never I don't think it could ever be completely cut cut and dry it's going to depend on who you have in your team what their skill sets are etc sir I don't know I would assume I don't see why not you might have to have a separate instance for each theme it would depend on how you architected I just I can't top my head I don't know yes sir ah so using you're saying I just repeating this so I understand so using this this phase two it's the component libraries or it's something else only their starter kit so it's actually using their starter kit is keeps pattern lab separate and the Drupal templates pull in the pattern interesting yes you can actually do this do that same thing here you I didn't do it in this particular case but you can extend you can use yeah you could know but you could also break it down that way you could have just content and then pull in there's ways in json to to pull in content into your content variable lots of different things just not how I chose to do it just because I wanted to demonstrate some custom markup which sometimes because if you're not doing the the markup changes in your twig template where are you doing them if you're just trying to pull in variables that's one thing but if you're actually trying to do some sort of special markup which is what the power of twig is then where do you do that now I mean do you do it in where do you change the markup where do you what if you need to have a special class on a div yes this can it's interesting you should write a session on it I go I'll go I'll attend got it I don't completely follow that but I've been up since 5 30 so we'll have to have another conversation any more questions before we close it out and I just say thank you all right so thank you how much can I like to present present there you go um boom so down here the slides if you want to take a look and also the link to the eval um so thank you all and hope you all enjoy dribble con thank you