Hey everyone, I hope you're well. Welcome back to my channel, or if you're new here, my name is Spee. Sorry I'm whispering, I'm in Luton Airport by myself, so usually I don't care if I'm vlogging in public, but like there's someone with me, but I'm like literally by myself talking to a camera in an airport, so I feel weird. But as you can guess from title of this vlog, I'm going to Riga Latvia to visit my sister's sign-up and I've just got myself a Black T-Mango. In case you're wondering why it says Lana, that is my fake Starbucks name. I always say it because Sepi just can't be pronounced for some reason. And I've got myself some sushi from Wasabi, and yeah, I'm off to Riga. To be honest, this weekend trip has come at a very, very, like, I planned this one month ago, but there's some things happening right now, and I feel like it's kind of come at like the worst time, but because I planned it a month in advance and it's for my sister's birthday, realistically, it's Friday night right now. I'm going to be there all of Saturday and then I'm back on Sunday, so maybe a day away will be fine with everything that's going on and give me a fresh perspective. Yeah, look at all these chains. My whole outfit is from Forever 21. There's no one here to record it for me, so. And my trainers, if you guys saw my birthday haul, it's from Nike. They are the Air Force Swans. So yeah, I really like these chains. Obviously, apart from this one, which was a gift, the rest of these chains are from Forever 21 and I'm really digging the gold jewels. So I'm just going to tuck into my food. Oh, also, I'll show you guys maybe later, but I got a Juicy Couture Rucksack from the sale of the Air Force and the Air Force sale had an extra 20% off and it's duty free for £32. I remember when Juicy bags, when I was like a kid, they were like the one and they were like between like £150 and like £300. So I can't be but going for £30 and I feel like they're coming back in like the Kardashians like Kylie, Kylie Jenner was wearing it and a few other celebs have been rocking like their Juicy tracksuits and stuff. And this is a Velour backpack. I'll show it to you guys. I cannot believe what a steal it was and I wanted a new backpack for uni anyway because I've been using the same bag, which is actually Juicy Couture ironically, for ages like it was my bag in year 8 and then I picked it up again at the start of this year and the inside is just crumbling because I've used it so much. So I needed like a backpack to give my shoulders a rest and something that would have crumbled onto my notes. So yeah, I'm excited about this bag. It was such a steal.  So I've just got a sushi set, salmon and black tea with mango and sriracha. I woke up like an hour ago. Let me see. Yeah, I pretty much woke up an hour ago. I washed my face, brushed my teeth and signed it. It's now doing the same and then we are going to go get ice coffees from the McCafe because we don't have McCafe in London. But McCafes, are you guys dirty because I feel like my camera looks dirty. I should get a lens cleaner thing. McCafes are amazing and we don't have them in London. But there's one here in Regalapia and they make the best ice lattes that you guys can imagine. Seriously amazing. So yeah, I really want to go get one whilst I'm here and have a little stroll. I really want to go back to the church. There's a church here that's so beautiful. So this is the outfit that I'm wearing. My coat is from Zara. I brought this top from Sina. Sina, where's this top from? I'll check the label afterwards but it's basically like this really soft fabric and I've got so many gold jewels on. These jeans I got the other day from H&M. Sina got me this belt for my birthday and I'm just sticking to my Air Force ones. We ended up having breakfast at home just because Sina bought lots of food for me whilst I'm here and if I didn't eat it it would go off. I love a home-cooked breakfast but I want to go get my ice coffee. Zippy has been going on about this ice coffee from where McDonald's ice coffee is. She's like the McDonald's ice coffee is the best ice coffee. You know where else has amazing ice latte? Michael's. We go to this place called Michael's for breakfast all the time. But Riga is like in the world because I love the McCoffee world. I love my cafe one. Let's go. Also, if you guys want a little apartment tour I'll link my previous Riga vlog down below but Sina like I said before is still living in the same flat by herself. So we're just walking through the city. We went to Milan. We went to Milan with Sol. Sina wasn't there. And where was I? You were in Bora Bora or Bahamas. Did you go to Bora Bora? I went last year. I went to Bahamas and Turks and Cairo. That she should vlog because she travels so much and she studies abroad and so many of you guys ask me questions about what it's like to live in Riga and study abroad and obviously I don't have any expertise on that. I just I know from Sina. I don't know like would you guys be interested if I were? I think everyone would love to watch you. Not just your travels but I think you live a very interesting life. And I think that one of the reasons why I love to vlog is it's an amazing way to look back on your life as well. Like I'll look back at a vlog from a year ago and I'll be like oh Sina like that's what I did for my birthday last year. That's what we did for your birthday last year and it's really really fun. So tonight is Sina's birthday party. Yeah so basically I have all my friends around but I have to really keep it limited. It's not you telling everyone. No everyone was telling you. I'll see you there. The problem is is that I have to really keep it limited on how many people I invite. Just because my neighbours, my apartments in a way where we've got a courtyard in the middle so everyone can hear any noise we make. So my neighbour will definitely call the police tonight. Oh gosh. So heads up. My jokes aside seriously I feel like I'm going to get a noise complaint for sure. I just hope that it doesn't reach the level of the police knocking at the door even though we have had that in the past. Not in this apartment but when I lived with them. We have reached our destination McDonald's. MC Donnells. How nice is that apple pie. Literally look at these cakes that McDonald's does. Yummy. I just want to hum them a bit up. Literally all of this. And this is like the menu. I was saying to Sina, imagine they do and do ice drinks because it's winter. Did they say they do and do ice lime too? Okay so we've got a latte. Keep us warm. No no no stop messing around like a kid. Should I mix it? Mix it. So we've just got a normal latte. They don't have ice chai. Not ice chai. Ice chai is the answer. They don't have ice latte. Okay give us a taste test. Is it good? Thank you so much. She's saying that she only said it was good because the guy was watching. You know what? I don't know if it tastes that good. Does it taste like a normal latte? Yeah. It is nice though. Don't give me more. That's nice. Maybe I like the milk of this country. The milk in Singapore is... If you go on about Singapore one more time. Why? Are you jealous? I'm so jealous. Sana was saying how this shopping centre here... Not this one. Not Origo. It's Stockman. It's Stockman. It's like the the Selfridges of Latvia. Oh Sana, here would be cool to take a pic. So that's like the Selfridges. Alright Sana, my coat's open. We're gonna take a pic. B.R.B. Sana, I'm kind of disappointed you've never ever brought me here before. It's kind of cool. This is... The Selfridges of Latvia. We're in the Selfridges type of Latvia. Basically what you mean, what she means by Selfridges. She means department store. Yeah, literally. So it's actually the only one that has just brought that. One of the only ones. The top one. Has like... Designer... Makeup. Oh that's cool. I'm distracted by the scooters. Because he told us not to film. Oh did he? He was smiling at me. I didn't listen. Oops, sorry. So we found... Well, not we found. I've... I've always been open here to sign us. You guys, what I really love about Riga is that at night time it's not dark now but there's like parks in like central everywhere and then at night time these parks all light up. It's not like England where the parks are like. They like to sit still. At night time it's so... Well not fun but it looks nice. It's actually really pretty. So we're going to this church here. It's my favourite... One of my favourite churches in the world. It looks so far in the picture. Like in the video. It's literally right here. I said this in the previous Riga vlog. We're not Christian. Also I'm zooming in. Yeah go on. We said this in the previous Riga vlog. We're not Christian but we do love churches and we like to pray in them. They're beautiful. So that's where we're going. Just not churches but any sort of religious place. At the end of the day you just go there for the energy that it gives. You just go to these places not just because oh it's a church but you just go for the energy that it gives. Spiritually. Yeah it could be a church, it could be a synagogue, it could be a mosque, anything. So we've done some tripping providing some stuff for signers party tonight. We've got a cake. Saina got a top from mango and we're in this shopping centre. I am so tired I really cannot even be able to stop her and pack this up. I need a nap before this evening. No but you have to say hello. Welcome to my vlog. I've already started this in the middle. Wait don't do anything. What should I say? Hello guys. So this is Bruno. Bruno goes to uni with Saina and I've known him for like years. Yeah we see each other in the future in the UK guys. I want to watch some vlogs from the UK. Around the world. I'm going to be in Taiwan next summer so if you are there just go on Bruno's door. Yeah so we have arranged like the flats. Say hi to my mom. We have a prong table. We've got like a mirror that says happy birthday on it and like you can take a selfie and tag it for Saina's birthday. It's pretty cool. Get lunch. We've come to get lunch at this Shuama place. It looks really young. I'll show you guys my friends stuff. Everyone in this country feels so weird about me vlogging so I feel like I don't know if it's because they don't want to be in the vlog or if they just don't see vloggers. But yeah everyone's just staring at me as I'm filming this but yeah food looks really young. Alright what should I get? It's quite a vibe here. I don't know how to explain it but it's like a little foodie vibe. Plate is huge I can't even get it in a frame. Oh my god. So excuse my breakout I've had a very very stressful few weeks in my life and you can see that on my skin. Let me know if you guys are like that as well. But I've come to the end of my Riga vlog. You guys saw when I was leaving on Friday night that I really wasn't sure about clubbing and it came a tough time but you know what I'm glad I had these 36-48 hours here in Riga and just refreshed and recharged and caught up with so many of the Latvian kids and I've had such a great time. Let me know down below if you think Saina should film the video coming to Riga selling medicine, living here and stuff. I feel like that would be so interesting. Her life here is so interesting to watch. That's my little pink taxi that she can see. But I'm going to end this vlog here. I love you guys so so much. Sorry I'm having a little water. I love you guys so so much. Don't forget to like this video and subscribe down below for more fun weekly vlogs. Don't forget to come on socials with me down below on my Instagram, it's PersianMoney and my snap is SuppySamoin. Love you! Bye!


While analyzing the riskiness of a project, some market-based measures can also be considered by the financial analyst. And here we have certain market-based methods that can be used to determine the project riskiness in the process of capital budgeting. We know that the cash flows of a project are discounted at a required rate of return that is required by a diversified project owner and these required rate of returns when used as a discount factor are termed as risk adjusted discount rates. These in fact include a risk premium to be given to the diversified project owner for taking a risk inherent in the market. To determine project riskiness using the market-based methods, we have two commonly known methods that is CAPEM which is known as capital asset pricing model and APT which is known as arbitrage pricing theory. Total risk of a project can be classified into two components under the CAPEM theory that is the systematic risk and unsystematic or idiosyncratic risk. Systematic risk is that portion of the total risk which is due to the system that is inherent in the market and this risk cannot be diversified, it is rather undiversifiable. So far as the unsystematic risk or idiosyncratic risk is concerned it is related to the project specifications only or it is a project specific risk. It can be diversified, diversified customer in the market can demand risk premium against the unsystematic risk and cannot demand risk premium against the systematic risk. For a diversified firm we know that total risk measured by the dispersion in term in the NPV and IRR of the project if we do this that is irrelevant and inappropriate. For a diversified customer we need to divide the total risk of the project into systematic and unsystematic risk and then to deal the unsystematic risk on the basis of market factors. For that purpose we have a market based risk major model and that is the CAPEM capital asset pricing model through CAPEM we determine a project beta and that beta is generally used as a major of project riskiness that is a major of systematic risk which is exposed to the project's NPV or the IRR. For that purpose we have a model in terms of SMLR security market line. Security market line is a model that develops a relationship between the project's required rate of return and the project's beta. This project entails the project required rate of return as a function of the project's beta. Mathematically we have an equation for determining the SML and the equation is rj is equal to rf plus b into expected rate of market minus the risk-free return. Now rf stands for risk-free rate of return and rm stands for market return. The difference between market return and risk-free rate is the risk-premium. When multiplied by this risk-premium with the risk factor that is beta the term is termed as the market risk-premium. This is the risk-premium that a diversified customer demands against taking a risk. What is the use of SML? In fact SML used to determine required of return which in turn is used to compute the NPV and IRR of the project. Now projects with positive NPV are accepted and projects with IRR greater than the required rate of return are also accepted. For those projects whose risk is greater than the company's on-risk for such projects their on-biters are useful to determine the project's NPV than the use of companies on-vac. What is real options? These real options are similar to financial options with the difference that these real options deal in real assets means for project analysis we can also have certain options. In fact these options allow managers to postpone some decisions at present in order to take future decisions who are subject to some future information or future event that may occur with respect to the company or to the project under review. These future decisions depend upon present and future information and future other events. These options are very realistic capital budgeting techniques. We have certain types of options that is timing options, sizing options and others. In timing options the company have an option to postpone the project if in the days to come cash flows are not favourable and if the cash flows are favouring the company in terms of positive NPV then the project may be resumed. With respect to the seizing options we have two options for the project. The first is Abundant option and the second is the Growth option. If after investing some amount in the project the management says that in the days to come the cash flows are not favourable for the company the management may abandon the work on the project and in respect of growth options the firm can make additional investments in case of strong financial results in the days to come means that if the firm is facing with growth opportunities in future period of time the company can make some additional investment in the project. We have another option that is the flexibility options. In flexibility options the first option is the price setting option if the company sees that the demand is in excess of the company's production capacity to reap the benefit of higher demand the company temporarily can increase its sale price instead of increasing the production of the company on the project under review and in the same flexibility options we have production flexibility in order to meet the current market demands the production hours can be increased from working overtime to adding additional investment or other resources in the project. Then we have fundamental options these are the options that a company can have in terms of internal and external factor that are other than the other options. How to value these options available with the company during the process of capital budgeting. The first evaluation approach is discounted cash flow analysis without considering options. This means that if discounted cash flow method reveals a positive NPV for the project the company may not go for option analysis and may not evaluate the options available to the project simply discounted cash flows are enough to accept the project. Second approach is the project NPV if the project has a negative NPV then the company can see analyze the financial worth of the available options if the value of the available options is greater than the cost of exercising these options the net value can be analyzed while adding to the negative NPV of the project if the resulting figure is positive the company may go for the project. Then we have another valuation approach for valuing the options and that is the decision making trees although they are not conceptually sound like other decision making techniques but they are good enough to analyze the sequential process during the capital budgeting process. Option pricing models there are certain mathematical models that can be used in order to determine financial worth of the available real options with the company but exercising these models need a highly sophisticated and skilled professionals so that the prices of these options can be determined in order to judge the financial worth of the capital project.


This topic right here is blowing people's mind because the AI, allowing people to make music sounding like whoever, whoever is blowing people's minds but it's also scaring some folks as well. Let's have that quick talk. Nigga really asked AI to make a old graduation type Kanye West song. Let go, we do this for the shot. This ain't a new Kanye, this ain't an old Kanye. Now everybody know this the crown Kanye. Why am I the chick trying to bond Kanye? I'm trying to go to Paris, Palais-Van-François.  Why you trying to dress her daughter up as ice spice? Why you not trying to live your life by Christ's October? But I come from Bishashite. Illuminati came and threw me in a bunker. Made a cone and made me marry Bianca. If you knew me, you would know that's out of order. I'm a top supporter. I'm more likely to marry Ivanka. Used to be known locally. Nine days I get canceled globally. Even vocally, they make a crown of me. Even the dealers done stole on me. Shit and nothing evolved, but I was spittin' down. It's like they want me to go pray at the synagogue. So if you are an artist and you create a reference track, right, before, we've always had artists in reference tracks. We all always had songwriters send demos. Well, now that I can send a demo in your voice. Don't change the game. That's going to change the game. Well, that's a better selling point, because I could make you like it more if I send you a demo in your voice, right? But even greater, if I'm the artist on the other side at some point, I say, well, shit, I might not even need to re-record this, because they hit it in a way that's so perfect.  And then all I do is approve. It's like signing off. Yep, this can be officially a Kanye West song. Because Kanye West, especially somebody like him, right?  It's an orchestra of individuals. So there's a lot of people. As a matter of fact, some of these artists that we say need a ghostwriter at the beginning, they've accused a lot of women artists in the past about this type of thing. So you can literally build an artist. We talk about social media being the era where, oh, there's just this personality. And then all of a sudden, you get a song. I mean, give them a song, because they're not there popping. The music's going to be popping, because they already got an audience. Well, what if I can truly build an artist? I could have Jacory just write everything and then make it ice-pice. So the artist never has to do anything. You know what I'm saying? So I don't know, man. We're about to enter a really, I don't know. That's kind of a dope era too, though. Delegating the creativity in a way that's kind of hard. I know it sucks from these anti-artists, but damn, that's kind of hard. That's what I'm saying, bro. We was just saying that, man. Like, I as a fan am very excited to see where this goes. As a music industry professional, I'm just glad I'm not a songwriter or artist. Thankfully, I'm on the other end of it. Well, we can look at it that way, but. I don't know. I'd be empowered if I was a songwriter. Well, OK, yeah, actually, right. Songwriter producers, yeah, 100% because I think that's what's going to change the most off of this. But the reference game or just, like you said, being able to amplify the selling point of the song just off of being able to input your personality and your little cadences and things like that. Yeah, that's going to be game changer for that end. But the regular artist that wants to put their voice out, I guess. But think about production deals, again, which is in many ways is building an artist because it's developing. But it's expediting that. So now, shoot, I got my producer and I'm a songwriter. I'm a songwriter. I can write in different voices. You know what I'm saying? I was going to say, and that's what could be crazy, brother, building an artist thing could get really granular because sometimes if you ever seen the artist, we're just like, maybe it's your voice, right? Like not saying it's bad or whatever, but for whatever reason, some artists have voices that people just take to a lot more of others.   Brad, we're on the same page. I was about to say, as an example of this, do you remember when young Jeezy talked about Kanye taking his voice, right? Just to, yeah, yeah, like, because Jeezy has such a distinct and dope voice. That was an example of him using that, right? Just using Jeezy as ad libs because he has such a dope voice. So that's the exact same concept. I'm going to go find dope voices.   Can I get like a quick 30 seconds, man? That should kind of follow. The gravel in the voice, bro, is perfect for this one song that I got.  You literally now can use the entire world as, I don't want to say the cameras, but just raw materials. All raw materials are like, I see this, I see this. I can mix and match every single thing or in before you had to get the person to agree to it. You got to get them to agree, man, show up.  How do you even argue that sometimes? Because they might say, I like your voice and then they just get to catch that from this video.  So now you're like, well, I never met this person in person. How can I prove this is my voice? You're right. That's the real point. You're like, man, I think that's me, you know? Yeah. I feel like if it was me taking to me personally, I feel like I would know. Of course you would know, how do you prove it's somebody else? Yeah, I mean, yeah, you're right. Hopefully, hopefully, I was gonna say, hopefully my people would know me well enough to know, but that's not true, bro, because I've been hearing some deep fake oozy songs. I've been all over them shit, it's like, damn, man. When was he put this up? Government-wise, money-wise, that's the part you're gonna want.  It don't matter if Sean agrees.  That's the part. Yeah, yeah, and that's what's so interesting about all the verification, you know what I'm saying, talk that's going on. Everybody's talking about verification to protect against like AI images. I'm like, man, I don't know, man.  It's like, man, you know. So some artists and managers are just waiting for lucky moments when the ones who are killing it have systems to consistently take artists to another level over and over again. And if you wanna see what that looks like, we just did a collab where we not only show the system that we use, that's resulted in Billboard hit, some of the biggest viral moments on TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, but also we got J.R. McKee to break down how he took an artist from zero to one of the biggest hit songs of 2022 and getting a Grammy in January of 2023. This is recent stuff, not old tactics. If you wanna check it out, go to www.brandmannetwork.com slash Grammy. Don't forget the www or it won't work because J.R. gets into the details of looking at the data, decisions that got made, how much content got created, and how they adjusted the content over time for different parts of the campaign. This is real behind the curtains type of stuff. So again, go to www.brandmannetwork.com slash Grammy. If you wanna check this out and apply it to yourself, back to the video. No, yeah. They've been, I was just showing Sean before this episode, like the progress of the AI, right?  That progress over a year span is like crazy, you know what I'm saying? From like robotic sounding to like, oh damn, moving on the fly, hearing this really quickly, I couldn't tell. Even if I sat with it for a while, some of them I still can't tell. So that's just what's interesting to me, man. It's like, I feel like the conversation around what are we gonna do for this really got started with the initial Young Guru IG clip. But it doesn't feel like it went far, you know? And I feel like we got at least another like four or five months of like jokes and games and ha-ha, this is pretty funny. Look at Kanye saying, I spice.  We're gonna see it now.  Always, man. It's a real fan. These new age fans, the new age fans. Let's read Young Guru's post real quick. He said, I've been trying to tell everyone that this is where we are now with AI for some reason, this one got everyone's attention. And this post is not his original post that got taken down, but it's on a JZ remake. That sounds a lot like JZ. So what do we do? On one hand, I'm well aware that you can't stop technology. Once the genie is out of the box, you can't put it back in. On the other hand, we have to protect the rights of artists. Not only artists, but everyone in society. People should not be able to take your name, image and likeness without permission. You have to add the voice to this law. Again, that's not a thing right now. You cannot copyright your voice yet. We have to learn from past mistakes. You would be a fool to chase every person that is going to do this. We learned that lesson with Napster. The only way I see to deal with it is to change the law. There are so many different options. We could change the United States law tomorrow, but the internet is worldwide. What a time to live in. Ooh, I didn't think about that. Yeah, because even changing in the US doesn't mean you're changing it globally. So that's a whole other thing. And yes, to this point, you can't chase down all the individuals either. But we know technology moves so fast. What's the damage that's gonna be done for the regulations of government catches up? That's always the game that's being played. It's gonna be years. Years. At least three. We'll see. We'll see. And before we move on and get into the branding-branding talk, we gotta talk about likeness and even how all this AI puts you in a position where you really need to make sure your brand is intact and you build something meaningful. But likeness. So him talking about likeness, remember when we had our original conversation, I was talking about likeness being so important and how Michael Jordan was the only person in the NBA who owned his likeness like in the 90s. He didn't do whatever the deal was. Obviously, he's Michael Jordan. He was on another level, so he had that type of leverage. So that was why Michael Jordan wasn't in the other video games because NBA sells it off to NBA 2K, NBA Jam, all these different games. Michael Jordan was like, nah, I'm cool on this one. I'm cool on this one. And he had different reasons or nuances apparently on what he, maybe he liked that he was represented. Maybe he wasn't realistic enough or I don't know what all the different reasons when he approved the game or not. But having that type of leverage puts you in a different position and likeness, that's the power of likeness. So for people to be able to take that away by using this AI, we think it's all fun and games, but it's such a monetary opportunity to use likeness. It's something that is about to be played with heavily and we're gonna have to watch because then that also alludes to Snoop Dogg. What did he just do with his likeness? He just gave his likeness to, it was either NFT related or he just gave his likeness to something big, whatever. Or maybe, I wish I could remember what it was. No, it wasn't the wrestling thing. We're just gonna have to bring up the Snoop Dogg thing later, but the point is owning your likeness and how you monetize that likeness is extremely important, but without the laws of place, and how do you really take advantage of it? You're only gonna have the official corporations that always gotta pay because they're in Jisoo, right in attack, but you'll have a lot of people on the underworld world, just regular societal level always flipping people's likeness. Now you can't catch all of it, right? True, because I might flip your likeness just enough for me to get to the next level and then all right, cool. I'm legit now, right? It's the same thing as like dealing drugs until you get legit. They're like, oh yeah, I'm gonna flip these likenesses and do all these other black hat things until I get to a certain level and now I'm in the game, all right? So that's the world we're moving into for that being said.