It ain't crackin' like What's good YouTube this your boy chi world back at y'all again with a art tutorial in today's video I will be letting you guys draw with me step by step and the first thing we finna draw is Timmy Turner from I parents have you ever seen that cartoon or cartoon network? You know I'm saying you know I'm talking about if you're new to the channel go ahead and hit that like button Come in subscribe make sure you click post notification so you will be notified every time you put y'all some heat Without further ado. Let's jump right into this video. So the first thing you want to do You want to come over here? Click this little nun Right here. So we only have this one code select And the reason you want to do that because if you don't click it And we join with our mouse by the way, I forgot to tell y'all so everybody can keep up if you got a dovetail Look I'm gonna show you if you don't lock this Go ahead and get your pencil tool out right here. Let y'all look at my settings make sure Everybody everybody looking at the same thing. I'm looking at We're glad to do that click okay Look if you don't lock this top It'll fill in the inside they use the Black for the outline and then it'll use whatever color you got it inside like to kind of To do a fill in color. So that's why we always lock this So we can just get that Let's jump right into it first first shape we're gonna make It's the eyes. So what you want to do come over here? and select the circle we're gonna make our Size of our lines 7 point we're gonna do Make a circle after you make that circle a little smaller than that. So we fit the whole face That's about right there You want to hold off?   So you want to click this Now we're gonna do I'm gonna work on doing this nose so to make this nose all you want to do is like kind of make up a Backward see And that's pretty good And don't don't worry about that line going through the eye. We're gonna fix that later Next line we're gonna make We're gonna come right here and do a little curve After you make that you want to come through right here and we're gonna drag a curve all the way up So right here So what we're gonna do is Don't try to take our time with the mouse so the correction tool can try to Fix our errors Stop it right now. I Think I can do that better. I'm gonna try one more time. Be that concentration. Okay There you go. That was perfect What we're gonna do now, we're gonna do now we're gonna Make the teeth so what we're gonna do start right here. It's looking good. He's looking good I'm gonna drag this down just a little bit, but I'm gonna make sure I keep my lines that I'll overshoot All right, right now After we did our teeth We're gonna do another line pencil It's gonna come right here Like this and now we're gonna go we're gonna make a line coming through We're gonna make a line coming through. I forgot y'all can't see what I'm doing We're gonna make a line coming through right here It's gonna go all the way up. It's gonna have that same kind of curve So I'm gonna start right here and we're gonna bring that thing all the way All the way up with a curve and we're gonna go through this line right here. We're gonna make a half of an oval For the time, we're gonna come back to our circle Right here.  Okay, now that's a pretty good size. Okay We're gonna start at the top of this tongue Make a circle like a oval shape cuz we don't want it too perfect. It's just the ear. Let go Come back to our pencil tool Now we fit to Coming through that circle and we're gonna try to curve it out a little bit Gonna make our lines a little bigger.  Let's try to make that Try to make that shape So let's go. They almost had it.  So what you want to do You want to keep your selection tool selected? You want to highlight everything? Then you want to come to object then you want to click expand and okay after you do that you want to go to windows Select your path finder and it'll be over here. And then you want to click Divide on your on your path finder You gotta make make sure everything's late. You want to click divide on your path finder and now When it hit this white Selection tool and now we're gonna go through and all the lines we overshot Hit delete delete twice If it's still showing you're just gonna delete all the lines That we overshot Looking good so far you feel me now what we finna do we finna start on the hair And it's just the same method. But what I want to do I want to pull this Pull everything down so I can fit everything on it. So That is down to the center. We don't drag that down to the center like that What you gonna do you gonna go back to your pencil tool Make sure the color is at the bottom in the top box is It's locked so Now we finna add this hair So we're gonna go. Let's make sure come over here Will you brush back up to? Seven point and drag this line through here. I'm gonna click my selection tool Turn this back to our pencil tool and we're gonna make a line going right through here Let's try it. We're gonna try that same. We're gonna use that same method one more time to do The other part of it. So come up dip a little bit. Let me try that one more time I think I can make it a little smoother Come up what to do is I'm gonna bring this up some so I'm just select that top part And drag it over with my keyboard Now the last time we got to do we got to add our hat. So What you want to do is I'm gonna come back to you your pencil tool Then we're gonna drag a line through here Clean up some lines before I light everything Other selection tool. I was just finna do this hat real quick You want to go back to your pencil tool select it sure you got your Your line on seven point so we can keep the same consistency going through We're gonna start a line right here.  It's a little detail inside the ear So we're gonna go back to our pencil We finish with the line work what you want to do you want to select everything? Come up here to object expand click. Okay. Do you want to click? Merge on your path finder. You want to drag a copy of the line work to this blank sheet of paper? Lock the top layer Lock top layer Okay, now we're gonna find a color It's skin tone Rectangle drag it over everything Right-click the rectangle go to arrange and send to back after you do that You want to highlight everything once again, and then you want to click merge How do you do that? You want to right-click it? isolate select group And now we can Change every corner as closed off in certain in that area come right here drop the tools to let the skin tone eyebrows Dark brown Pinkish would you guys how to draw? Timmy Turner From our parents using your mouse If you're new to the channel go ahead and make sure you hit subscribe and post notification Oh, he coming soon And I'm out this time


Good morning, everybody. Today is October 22nd, 2018. We are looking for an entry. Let's check Forex Factory, see if we have anything going on. Nothing going on on Forex Factory, no news, nothing. So the markets are going to tend to move and keep going in that direction if we get a signal somewhere. I'm liking the 27650 puts on spy that expire in two days. They're trading at $1.92, that's the ask. I'm not going to get in. Just gosh, my signal is not coming in. Check out the full stow as soon as the next candle starts. I just don't like the way this signal looks. I mean if it starts dropping hard, I might jump in. I have the finger on the trigger actually on the 27650 puts that expire in two days. Currently trading at $1.97 around there. But it needs to really start moving in order for me to jump in. Go ahead and jump in. Jumped in at 208. Jumped in a little high in there. Got in at 208. I don't like the way you sell your position on Tasty Works. But nonetheless, I'm in. I'm in at 208.  I'm going to keep my losses nice and tight. There we go. Now it's going. I have the finger on the trigger here. Finally barely in the green even to 11 on the bid. I'm not liking this. The options aren't moving. I think I got filled in at 203. I just got out of there. I didn't like it. I didn't like that action. It's probably going to explode now. Yeah, lost five cents there. It's okay. Again, I'm back down to 508.91 from 521. So what did I lose there? 10, 13, 14 bucks there. That's okay. I just didn't like the action here. I kept my losses small, minimal. I'm okay with that. And that's it. That's the only trend I'm going to make today. I'm not going to look for for another entry. Look at that. It's already down to $1.88, $1.87. I would have been panicking here. Check this out just so you guys know. Just so you guys see. Bought at 208. Got in really high, by the way, and sold at 203. Lost five cents on two contracts. 508.91 is my account. And so, hey, you got a losing trade. It happens. Not necessarily happy that I lost, but I am happy that I was able to recognize, hey, you know what? Come my losses. Let's let's get out of here. No hesitation. 208 is on the bid. Look at that, 215 on the ask. You hate to see that. You hate to see that, guys. Look at that. 222 and climbing higher and higher. I could have been getting out here. 223. Look at that, guys. Look at that. 276.50 puts 224 by 228. Oh, you hate that. You hate to see that. 227.232. I can't believe that. Actually, I can't believe that because that happens quite often, unfortunately, in my trading. Oh, that is sickening. Sickening, guys. Sickening. 238 by 248. Remember, I got in at 208. Sold at 203. Just to show you again. Bought at 208. Sold at 203 for a loss. Five cent loss. And it's now trading at 241 by 245. That is what I was waiting for. That is what I was hoping for. And as soon as I got in, it reversed. And then it just came down. Oh, that's terrible. Terrible, terrible, guys. We'll get them again next time, guys. Thank you so much for watching, everybody. Hit that like button. Hit that subscribe button. And let's trade and make some money, guys.


Hey guys, Ken Ross here, business consultant. You know what I do. This is my business tech tips series. I want to get right into it this time because this time I'm going to actually give you some editing basics. These are things that I use when I produce my content for my channel. And if you didn't get a chance to view any of the previous videos, I'm going to put a link to the series right here on this side. Go ahead and click on that, check that out. It really comes down to I had a conversation with my business development consultant coach, Jeff Tachman. And he asked me a question. He said this is a question most people would have because he's seen my channel and he understands kind of my business. How do you go about producing your content for your channel? So I was intrigued. I really wanted to make sure that I had a very good understanding and explanation of what it is I was doing and the details that go with it. So that's where this series was birthed. If you haven't seen my interview with Jeff, where he asked me the questions and I kind of give you the overview, that's the first part of the series. Now the second thing I want to talk about is how I actually go about editing video. And I have a video for you basically of my editing techniques. So I will put that coming up here. So let's check that out. Okay Jeff, so you asked me how to do some of the basic edits that I do in iMovie. So I'm going to show you a little briefly. This is iMovie here. I have it open. I need to find where the file was for our recording. So if I go to the recordings, they typically download all my zoom recordings to this documents folder. I think that's by default. So you go to zoom and then you find the interview that we did. And in here is your MP4 file. Now you can just import it into iMovie or you can literally just say I wanted to start with a blank slate. This is a blank movie here and I want it in my timeline. So you just drag it down here. So it says drag and drop clips. You just drag it in there and it automatically imports it and it automatically puts it in the timeline. So now we have our video right here. This is the whole thing and you can scrub over here to make it bigger or smaller. I tend to go right in here to do edits. So once you have it all in timeline as you scrub through, it shows you the audio. So you can actually do some simple edits in here. So the first thing I want to do is add a transition because I like to make sure I put my transitions in first for the beginning of the end. So that's the fade in right there. So you just take it and you drag it, stick it in there and then I go all the way to the end and I do the same to the end. This ensures that I don't forget it. So at some point we say bye to each other, you say bye, say bye. So right here, I want it to kind of fade like right here as we're both waving. So instead of where it's at now, I just need to trim it back some. So I just take this and I trim it back. Now the fade will go right as we're starting to wave to each other. Oops. That's a little too much. So I just move it a little bit more. There you go. See, there you are waving and I'm going to start waving before it fades.  So I'm going to find a place where we started. Okay. So right here is where we started. And so I want to take about, I'll say a couple of seconds before. So this is where this timeline really comes in handy, right? So you can zoom in to precisely where you want. But if you're good at scrubbing through and finding exactly where you want, you can just kind of eyeball it and I'm going to do a shortcut key. But if you stick your cursor there, right, this is where the cursor is and you go up to modify. It'll say trim, sorry, split clip right here. That's what we're going to do is a split clip. So I typically use the control B or the Apple B command just kind of automatically. So I do that kind of on my own. So I just do this and I hit control B and it splits it. That's where the split is. And I can delete this clip by just selecting on it and hitting the, oops, and hitting the delete key. So you delete like that. And as you can see, the transition stays. So I don't have to have to worry about missing the transition. This is why I said put the transition at the beginning so you don't forget and that you never miss it. So now I have the beginning and the end kind of sorted out. And then what I'll do next is I'll go through the whole video and I'll make some random cuts. Like right in here, there's some blank space. I'll make a cut right and then I'll trim it up a little bit. And what that's going to do is it's going to make it so that we don't have any gaps in some of the footage and it also keeps the viewer kind of engaged. The other thing we can also do is on any clip, you can take this clip and since it's in a split screen, you can crop to fill it like this and resize it. See, so now I'm going to resize it so it's smaller and stick it up here like this. And what that's going to do is it's going to make this split screen and it's going to transition from a split screen to a single screen. So at some point, if I wanted to switch to me, I can split the clip here. Go to this one, go back to this view, right? Crop to fill. It's already selected and I can just select myself. All right, so now you have a transition from yourself, Jeff, to me. They're going to stay longer. See? Just like that. And you can go and do that through the whole video, right? Make a nice edited video, very clean. Transitioning to the split screen to individual zoom close-ups and then back to the split screens again. That's the simplest way that I know how to do it quickly. And that's how I publish videos on my channel. When I'm done, right, all this stuff is done and this is the video I want. I go up to the file menu and I say share and this is how I share it. You just click share and then say YouTube and Facebook. And that's where it creates a file that's ready to go for YouTube or Facebook. And you drag that into YouTube or Facebook. You also always want to make sure that the resolution that you select here is the maximum that it will allow you to output it as. Not every video has 1280. This is 720p because it's 1280 by 720. Or you can go even higher if you have better footage. But always select the highest setting, even though you're going to get the largest file. This is a two gig file right now. It's going to be totally worth it in the end because the quality does matter when you're talking about YouTube. I believe Facebook, I don't know, does a lot of compression to its video. So it may not matter as much on Facebook, but on YouTube it definitely does. And you want to just basically give it a title, whatever title you want here. Actually will show up in Facebook and YouTube. But you can always change it before you upload it. The description, the tags, not as much. I haven't messed with these. I usually just leave those alone, but I'm sure other folks do things with them. And when you're done with all of that and you click next, it will actually render the file. So I'm just going to put in test video. So I'm going to click next. It'll ask you where you want to save it. I'm just going to save it to my desktop. As you can see right here, this circle, and you'll see right here on my desktop, it's starting to save the file. It won't be completely done rendering. And this is where the speed of your Mac and everything else comes into play. It won't be done rendering until this whole pie is white and this file is finished at that point. And it'll actually tell you when it's done. You now have a file that you can send around. You can save it to OneDrive or send it to people. You can also upload it to YouTube and leave it as private so other people can see it. You can do all kinds of things you want at that point. It's really up to you what you want to do. But that's my process in that show. That's what I do when I complete these interviews is I really like to go in and make sure the right person is highlighted at the various times that we have a lot of interesting things going on in the split screen. If there's any interactions there, you capture that in those clips by switching back and forth. I mean, it's very fun to see that all happen. And then you just export it out. And that's how it works. All right, guys. I really hope you got a lot out of that video. Please put in the comments section below if you are into iMovie, if you've actually done any editing out of iMovie. There's a lot of other things you can do in other editors and other different products. But I wanted to give you how I actually do it. I use iMovie exclusively. There are other products. Like I said, Final Cut is a really big product that Apple uses and that's definitely more professional. A lot of professional filmmakers use that. A lot of professional filmmakers also use Adobe Premiere, which is a licensed product. Works both on Windows and on Macintosh.   I would encourage you to definitely take a look at the various different options out there when it comes to editing. But you can always use this as a guide if you want to look at some basic editing tips on iMovie because that's what I use. If you're looking for any tips, ask them in the comments section below. I'll do some research if I don't know it or if I haven't tried it before, I'll give you some good pointers to a lot of things that I've done in the past. And yeah, that's really what this is about is me sharing for my audience and for people like Jeff because Jeff asked me, what is it that it takes to actually produce videos on my channel? So stay tuned. I'm going to actually produce a couple of more videos here. I'm going to talk about some of my equipment next, what it is I use to actually produce the videos when I'm on the road and what I use in my studio here. This is my studio. It's fabulous. I also have a nice lavalier lapel type microphone here I'm using today. Sometimes I use that. Sometimes I don't. But I'm going to let that video speak for itself. Please post in the comments section below what you'd like me to cover next. If there are anything that you saw in this video or you have more questions about in this video, please put it in the comments section as well and I'll do a follow up to this. I know editing isn't something that's really easy or even intuitive but it takes a lot of work. If you commit to practicing it and you do editing on a regular basis, you'll be able to do it a lot quicker and more efficiently than even in the video that I was showing because I'm trying to give instruction at the same time as show you the edit. So that's all I have for today. Thank you for your time and attention. This has been a great series so far. I want to continue this series until I get through everything that I want to talk about when it comes to producing video content online and how that actually looks because I think for most people it seems like an arduous task. There's a lot of technology involved and different things that could go wrong but I really want to encourage people to try to do one thing at a time or look at each part of this process as a process and not get so overwhelmed at the whole thing. If you commit to doing one thing and you really want to produce something of quality, you got to start somewhere. Please leverage my knowledge in that and I will do my best to help you get started. With that, I'm Ken Ross. Please like and share this video with your friends and visit my website. I'm kenross.com and until I see you next time, I'll see you around.


Damn just another day in the streets of Philadelphia Yeah, don't film me on this one.   What's it talk about? It was the time I crack a head for you.   I'll never pass.


As a government, we also recognize the hard work of our essential service staff during the height of our early mitigation efforts against the spread of COVID in St. Lucia. These workers faced immense challenges in carrying out their duties, and it was painful to note that essential service staff, nurses, police officers, firemen and firewomen were profiled when taking public transportation, and in many instances were turned away from buses in their uniforms. To that end, our government has taken the decision to provide duty-free concessions on vehicles for a stipulated period of time to essential service staff who've been employed for more than five years within the public service. The details of this measure will be finalized after further consultation with the relevant stakeholders.


Everybody forced here ripping four boxes for Chris M. Chris has a 2023 Bowman baseball jumbo 2022 triple-threads baseball hobby 2022 Star Wars Chrome Galaxy hobby and 2020 obsidian football Here we go. We'll do Bowman then Star Wars then triple-threads and obsidian Appreciate the order Chris Let's see a super and let's see a super in Bowman and in Chrome Galaxy. I'm ambitious right now Can't even I can't tear the plastic off the box. So maybe I should chill out Plastics not coming off the box, you know what the hamster dance is. Yeah, yeah, you showed it to me Oh, yeah, what it was. We got to show Donnie what it is Justin Crawford.  I was like guys. Donnie was listening to the hamster dance when I came in today Like jamming out. He's like, what's that? I'm like, ha listen to him. He's pretending like he doesn't know This text tone Eric Hernandez Invicta shielded obsidian two super fractures and triple threads will have a con auto Yeah We're just setting our sights, you know Yeah a little above Normal variety Right a unit common arrow Chevy common arrow. I'll have to go show them at some point tonight with the hamster dances Yeah, I started out with a Gabriel Martinez Whereas Sam says Gabriel Martinez Martin Martin easy Gigi You know how much you know, it's mad Sean we get at that what the Martin the Martin easy Martin Gigi easy Sean stings at fortnight or something. I can't wait to play and be worse than Lane Something tells me that's gonna be very difficult. Yeah, I I played FPS is in the past Ever and my friend competent. So yeah, Laney free kills Lane's like, how do you point and shoot? I was like, you know, like most other Shooters, I don't know So they're shooting games lime green 399 Joshua Bayez Cardinals We get into my aiming low. Hey, that's true. That's true. Very true Well, who's bringing us back up here got lava to 399 Miguel blaze Miguel blaze Red Sox Who's the best New York Jets player ever Revis Chad Pennington Raelyn Edwards Kellan Clemens didn't um Who was the guy can't Jason Campbell play for the Jets might have had a stop lunar glow Dylan Array You know, no, I'm thinking of I'm thinking of Seneca Wallace, I think And first one would refractor Leon all James to 499 I was gonna say wanker bet Who's the who's the Manor What's his name, dude? Gaston oh, what about yeah, yeah, or Joe Cleco one of the other it's not Joe name it That's not definitely not Joe name Adam Crampton speckle first woman auto to 299 for the Orioles Yeah, Rivas is up there Curtis Martin, maybe could be Curtis Martin I don't hate her. It's Martin red far Nick mangle. That's a really good one. Yeah, Nick mangle. Yeah, it's a very good one The lack of Jericho Cotchery Jericho Cotchery, oh my god Somehow I knew back of my like in my gut I knew Bob was gonna come in with something some sort of Not job out of not left field but 600 feet past left field White blue paper Goldie to 499 Matt Forte, yeah, yellow cream to 75 first woman auto bling Krim Yeah, Lydian Lydian Thomas and her Ed reader Ty law Chris Johnson Yeah, LT Ty law or Ed Reed the all jets team right there Red Farve Vinny test the Verdi.  There's a Matt Mervis, but I couldn't even say it dude What entity do they open 15 NT or I was pulling hacking birds. Oh god, it's like The British off Ferguson was actually pretty good because Shaw's a Hall of Famer, right? Like Hall of very good, you know, I mean Galaxy Chrome to break a Shaw's awesome I mean the jets have just as many greats as like most teams. Yeah, I mean they've been around logging off They just don't have like a period where they were like really good All right, here comes a super Fracture toward those a you can sketch it all stops. Hey, it could all stop this year They're looking probably the best I've ever seen in my life wave sith trooper To 99 purple auto BB 846 of 50. It's a solid hit. Brian Herring is the puppeteer for BB 8 Rivas mangled name it Cleco man. That's good. Let go over gas now. I Mean where I works for me refractors hit you for I wasn't I was didn't watch football before like the late 90s Refractor an enemy of the Empire or the infant's Boba Fett way off Altune. Yeah I'm saying by Curtis Martin because he was a patriot as well. Yeah refractor Boba Fett ambushed That's fantastic. I Cannot believe Jazzy with the that's insane dude, I like Rose looking at it just like what?  Yeah, was it John?  Yeah You're pulling steps like like it was easy Yeah, that was like one one shift refractor stormtroopers survey the desert One of I don't want to make it like super public but Star Wars galactic battlegrounds Well one of the Harrison Doola refractor our Operations manager she opened a box of Star Wars the new Star Wars chrome and pulled a very big super fracter out of it Yeah, tech refractor Like Yeah, we'll get them don't worry Yeah, okay, logo man was pulled refractor the subs logo man auto was pulled Leo, Morgana Same with the Franz logo man auto Missed out of my my opportunities here. It's not just how to pull the LeBron logo man or the triple step step Luca LeBron Super bomb bad racing Refractor trudging Come on. Where's the super fracter at? Yeah, Chrome 23. I think I think we like just got some in no one or like they picked it up at like a gaming shop Yeah, Mojo That's a sick one Yoda and Luke Skywalker on Dagobah 41 of 50 Yoda and Luke Skywalker. That's a nice one I just do that every time I pull like a Yoda and Donnie's here. I just look at him wrecker refractor if Donnie's watching the brakes right now, he'll come into the room Refractor a wookie in the wilderness Another thing I got to tell you about Remind me after this Refractor Obi-Wan Kenobi don't make too many erratic movements 2022 touch all threads. It works. Yeah, I told you guys it works 22 triple threads We have we have 200 people watching on a Monday night Happy birthday Donnie That's what I saw the cake Weird how you said that but anyway Jaren Durand rookie to 125 we really first started doing that 75, yeah, and he goes. He goes. Yeah. What's my present?  Yeah, where's where's Donnie broom broom when you need him? Yeah, that's one coming up hitman Mookie Betts Jersey to 48 game used. That means that means Donnie will be here All right, we need to pull a borrower or Herbert's like a Hertz I'm not sure if Hertz has color blast in 20 obsidian, but But a herbert or a borrower even a tool would be pretty dope Brady is also an option to 75 Byron Buxton to 259 Randy Johnson Eloy him managed triple relic to 18 and Jersey Otto Matt Olson 13 of 50 2020 obsidian the vroomiest of them all there's a redemption that could That could be expired AJ Dylan rookie to 100 and a Gabriel Davis rookie to 75 go Knights Solid rookies there at least Andrew Phillip Rivers Key Sean Vaughn to 75 rookie volcanic Jersey Key Sean Vaughn B. Well, here's a rookie burrow. It's a trifecta rookie triple relic 40 7 of 75 There we go. There's a burrow. Nice rookie auto here is Jonathan Taylor JT number to 150 and the redemption again, that's probably expired Yeah, oh about by a little while. Yeah, Brandon. I you by about a year rookie Jersey, Inc. Electric etch orange So good Niners receiver there You'll have to get with Pineda to see if they'll honor the redemption if they have the card or what they will do Thanks again, Chris. We're hoping for something bigger and the last one for you. Thanks again. We'll get them out to you


This is the story of Kishan and Kishani, and their fellow farmers from a village called Shantipur. No matter how hard they tried, they could not get a fair price for their harvest. Production costs were high, they earned very little to support their family. One night, Kishan came back from the market with only a few taka. Again I couldn't get a fair price for our tomatoes. Why is this happening to us? It's not only us, most farmers here have the same problems.  I know, but what? As she kept on tying knots for the fences, Kishani realized something very important. Every knot she was making in a row, the fence was getting stronger and stronger. I know what we need to do is work together with other farmers. My auntie in Nacho told me that all the farmers there work together and are truly thriving. Yes, a farmer's organization. That's what we need. Let's invite all the struggling Shantipur farmers to a meeting tomorrow. Next morning at the farmer's meeting, hello everyone. I called us together this morning to talk about our situation. Things aren't working well for any of us, are they? We all have the same problems. Lack of finance, lack of information, high production costs and not getting a fair price for our produce. But we can't change our fate if we keep working separately. If we start a farmer's organization, we can pool our resources, share information, have stronger bargaining power and most importantly be there for each other in times of crisis. What do you think? Great idea! We agree! Okay, how should we proceed? I think that first, we should identify our activities and needs so we can know what services to provide. We should also define our vision and establish a constitution. Legal registration and a bank account would also help us greatly. Everyone participated in the discussion and together they made a plan to start a farmer's organization, the Shantipur Krishok Society. Hearing this news, farmer leaders from the Sharabangla Krishok Society came to help. They gave training on how to build a strong organization and how to gain access to finance. With their guidance, the Shantipur farmers then began to collect savings from their members and started a revolving loan fund. Members borrowed money and then repaid it so it could be borrowed again by other members. The fund was also used for community investments like a machinery rental center, a seed bank and an agricultural information and training center. They also began to sell their produce together so they had a stronger negotiating position in the market and could finally get a fair price. They started bulk buying inputs and so production costs decreased. Business started to grow and young people even started farming. But little did the farmers know what was coming when the pandemic came to Shantipur. They panicked. Because of the lockdown, they could not get to the market and were on the brink of going out of business. What are we going to do? I feel so hopeless. We mustn't forget that we are part of a larger network of farmers. Let's call Sharabangla for help. They found out that farmers within the Sharabangla network had started virtual call centers in their villages. They were using mobile phone technology to buy seeds and fertilizer, sell their harvest and get market information. The Shantipur farmers started their own call center. It made business possible again for everyone. Hooray! All the farmers celebrated. Now, several years since the farmers first meeting, the Shantipur Krishok Society is offering more and more services to its members. The organization is flowering into a full farmer business ecosystem. Everyone works in harmony and is able to support their family and their community. So, what do Kishan and Kishani want to say now to all farmers in Bangladesh? When you trust and work in harmony with others, you and your community can truly thrive. But wait, there's one more thing we have to look at. Bring back that ecosystem for me, please. This story wouldn't be complete without telling you about two partners that support Sharabangla's network of farmers. The Global Agriculture and Food Security Programme, GAFSP and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO. GAFSP provides inclusive finance for smallholder farmers and FAO provides technical knowledge and practical support. Together, they help bring the farmers organizations ideas to life. And if we look at everything offered here in this ecosystem, I think we can all agree. It's a winning partnership.


So I have no way of confirming this. This is kind of just my own speculation But I don't believe that Joe Biden wants to be running for president And I certainly don't believe that he wants to be president I think the only reason why he's running is because the establishment wants him to run and because he Thinks or at least thought that this would be an easy victory, but it's not and he just seems over it I'm basing this off of his demeanor As well as you know speculation before that he would only be running as a one-term president Basically to just maybe defeat Donald Trump or at a minimum, you know Stop Bernie Sanders during the primary because if you're a former VP then you have a lot of name recognition And you can raise a lot of money not really panning out too well either way I don't think he wants to be president and there is even more speculation that maybe He doesn't want to be president and in the event. He's elected. He would only be a one-term president this is based off of what people around him are saying and It seems like they're leaking details of this story because they think this will help Joe Biden I don't actually think that's going to be the case. Nonetheless. These are the details This is from Ryan Lizza of Politico who reports former vice president Joe Biden's top advisors and prominent Democrats Outside the Biden campaign have recently revived a long-running debate Whether Biden should publicly pledge to serve only one term with Biden himself signaling to aides that he would serve Only a single term while the option of making a public pledge remains available Biden has for now settled on an alternative strategy Quietly indicating that he will almost certainly not run for a second term while declining to make a promise that he and his advisors Fear could turn him into a lame duck and slap him of his political capital According to four people who regularly talk to Biden all of whom asked for anonymity to discuss internal campaign matters It is virtually inconceivable that he will run for re-election in 2024 when he would be the first octogenarian president If Biden is elected a prominent advisor to the campaign said he's going to be 82 years old in four years And he won't be running for re-election the advisor argued that public acknowledgment of that reality could help Biden Molify younger voters especially on the left who are unexcited by his candidacy and fear that his nomination would serve as an Eight-year roadblock to the next generation of Democrats Now this isn't confirmed as of yet and whether or not Biden makes this public or makes it official will be based off of a political calculation So if he thinks this will help him get elected in 2020, he's going to say I won't seek re-election in 2024 now what's fascinating to me is that People actually think this will help him and there's this idea that maybe Biden thinks that this could help him Because as they stated well, you know young voters who are turned off by Biden because he could serve for eight years Maybe they'll be a little bit more receptive to him if they know that he'll only serve one term But I don't think this is going to have the effect that you think it will have Because if anything this will make us dislike you even more because what is the point of running if you're only going to run For one term that tells me that you don't have a clear agenda that you're willing to fight for Because if you have an agenda that you think can be executed in four years, then you're not real about real about politics, right? You're not real about Fundamentally changing the country even with Bernie Sanders if he serves for eight years I don't believe he will be able to get his entire agenda Implemented if anything we'll get a few, you know policies codified into law and then hopefully He catalyzes this political revolution in the way that FDR and Reagan did albeit on the left and you know Actually push the envelope and make it so that way. He's so popular that you can't challenge Democratic socialism or in actuality social democracy But Joe Biden, I mean you're not serious about anything. You're just running because you think you can easily win if You're only seeking one term and on top of that this puts Democrats at a disadvantage in 2024 because I don't have to tell you guys I've said this before Incumbency is something that you definitely want to have it gives you an advantage Going into an election because voters they are averse to change They're scared to change things and the way that things are going even if they're dissatisfied with it So let's say hypothetically speaking voters, you know shirk that trend of sticking with the incumbent and they vote for Biden and they defeat Donald Trump Well, if Joe Biden chooses to not run for a second term then Democrats lose that Incumbency advantage now look I would want to primary Joe Biden, right? If he were president, of course I would I would want a primary challenger and I would want him to only run for one turn term because I think he's a ghoul with that being said though Democrats who are self-interested Theoretically should you know in their own self interest not want him to do that and furthermore even though I would want him out as soon as possible So we have a chance at electing someone who's more progressive like this doesn't make me like him more This just makes me see that he is the opportunist that I thought he was And that he really doesn't want to be there, right?  I think that if we really could press him To say whether or not he wants to do this I think the answer would be no He wants the title and the glory that comes along with it, but he doesn't actually want the job And I don't really blame him But then don't run if you're only running to be a one-term president You have no real core agenda. You don't care about helping people You just want to win because you think you're either owe that position or you can easily walk to victory But I don't think that this is going to help him in the way that They believe it will as I stated younger voters aren't going to think oh well He's only running for one term and he'll be out faster. So suddenly I'm more excited for him No in the event Joe Biden is the nominee It will be evident that that will demoralize the base turn out will be suppressed and young people will just stay Home. They're not going to be excited about Joe Biden They are vocalizing that loudly and clearly and you're not listening to them, right? If you want to win it and if you truly want to win and you don't just care about defeating a progressive like Bernie Sanders Then acknowledge that we need a candidate who will excite the base and if you honestly think that Joe Biden is that person you are delusional and You are hurting all of us. You're empowering Donald Trump So either way, this isn't confirmed. But if it's true, I don't think this will make him any more popular I think it probably is true. It's just a matter of whether or not he fesses up to it But I'm not gonna help you if anything I think this hurts him even more because it shows that he doesn't really want to be there


Hi guys, how you doing? This is Rich here on behalf of Rich TV Live, and we are 36 days 15 hours 47 minutes Make that now 46 minutes and 58 seconds away from legalization of Recreational cannabis in Canada. It's true now what I've been predicting is that the entire sector Would grow to a thousand we are now today at 828 up 31 points 3.9 1% it just keeps climbing look at this It's interesting because I predicted this when we were here at the bottom when we're in the 400s it said we're gonna go to a thousand and here we are it's doubled since then almost doubled we're at 828 and I predicted we would go to a thousand and beyond that and we are still Let me remind you 36 days away from legalization of recreational recreational cannabis in Canada and the market is green and Your boy rich has been predicting this every step of the way So I hope you guys are taking advantage of this okay now remember rich TV live is strictly for education entertainment purposes We are not licensed advisors always do your due diligence always do your research before you invest in anything that we talk about here on Rich TV live, but obviously we bring all the winners. We brought you guys huge. We brought it to you first. It has gone even higher Congratulations for all of you guys that have taken advantage of the hottest stock right now in the cannabis sector FSD D F in America huge HUGE E in Canada has spiked again again 36% today, I wouldn't say you should be chasing this in the green But if you got in early like at 10 cents or lower when your boy brought this to your attention you would be up 500% now remember if you go to rich TV live all you have to do is go to rich TV live calm hover over stocks All the tools you need are right there Absolutely free all the same tools I use every day on the show So why not use those tools? They're free the one-stop shop rich TV live calm. We bring all the winners We got all the news. We are watching everything as it happens as it breaks every day Look at the watch list. You want to see some green? Yeah, I'll share my watch list with you guys absolutely free look at this I Don't really have much else to say other than we got all the winners if you're not winning. You're not watching This is your boy rich, and I'm all pigs And it's a lot of winning Wouldn't want to be shorting this market For those of you brave souls don't want to short the hottest Industry on the planet check me


I did a little bit of exploratory things with research in high school. Being able to get into a research lab more centered toward my own interests has been a really big deal for me. It's really affirmed me that computer engineering is something I want to do. As a first-year engineer, I have the option to choose my major and research is something that I find is fun and exciting and it has allowed me to work on a really high-level topic I feel like and even as a freshman, I don't see many other freshmen always being able to get to do projects like these. Am I doing more work than them? Sometimes yes, but I think it's for something that I think is fun. It has really affirmed that computer engineering is something I want to do. I started off the semester just learning the necessary knowledge as well as going over a literature review and then me and Landon we managed to present our findings through our team presentation and using what we had already gathered we were able to come up with some pretty interesting project ideas. The Radherd FPGA for me and then the rest of the semester is essentially us focusing on our individual projects.


Talk to traffic engineers at any level of government about the quality of traffic signs on our city and county roads, and you'll hear a lot of similar concerns. Signs are old and worn out. They've been vandalized, or they've been knocked down. Sometimes the problem is too many signs, making it difficult for drivers to pick out the ones they need. Or the signs are non-standard in size, design and color. Drivers expect uniformity. A traffic sign has to look like a traffic sign, or it's likely to be ignored. Add to all that the need for new signs in new locations, and it's no wonder that many agencies responsible for traffic safety can't keep up with the demand. It's ironic. In a country with the most sophisticated highway system in the world, we're falling short in an area so basic to traffic safety. In a way, we've brought it on ourselves. We've built roads where higher speeds and increased capacity are part of the plan. Drivers have come to expect large, uniform, easy to read signs to guide them on their way. When they leave the major highways, however, drivers often carry the same expectations with them. So when they encounter traffic control devices that are unfamiliar or that have been improperly installed and maintained, they become indecisive, frustrated and confused. Not a good frame of mind for safe driving. In response, the Federal Highway Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation has sought to establish national standards for traffic signs through the MUTCD, the Manual on Uniformed Traffic Control Devices. Most states and many local transportation agencies have adopted the standards of the MUTCD, but problems remain. Mr. Phil Russell, Chief of the Traffic Control Branch of the Federal Highway Administration. We find that there's a wide variation in the function, the performance, and the maintenance of these traffic control devices. It just varies pretty much by the jurisdiction and if we think of states, some states have better programs than others and the same true with cities and counties. The cities and counties, there seems to be a pattern where a city or county will have a quite good program and will have well-maintained signs of markings or they tend not to have a very good program at all. It seems to be those two extremes pretty much. What we find is that thinking of the interstate system first, but this is true of major roads that operated by major cities and counties is that when these roads are built, fine first class traffic control devices are installed. But after those signs have been in place for 10, 12, or 15 years, it's the nature of these materials that they're no longer reflect at night. They don't appear, you can't read them during the daytime. Top quality traffic signs have a useful life of 7 to 10 years, but the fact is many will be left in service much longer. As a sign ages, it loses its reflectivity, so while it may appear okay in the daytime, it virtually disappears at night. Such a problem might go unnoticed by drivers who are familiar with the area. They know where the signs are. But what about the visiting driver, or one who drives infrequently? Don't we have the same responsibility to make sure they get the warning and guidance they need? Good street and traffic signs make good business sense, too. Products and services can be delivered more efficiently, and customers who can find their way easily in and around area shopping districts are more likely to return. In addition, there's no doubt that well-signed streets can aid and dramatically improve the response times of our emergency services. From an ordinance point of view, non-standard or defective signage is more difficult to enforce. Violators have argued successfully that they were not at fault because signs were not easily seen or understood. We must also face the fact that, as our population ages, we'll have more older drivers on the road. Studies show that drivers over 60 need signs that are up to eight times brighter than those needed by a 20-year-old. The numbers can be intimidating. An Indiana survey of traffic signs on state highways found that 60% were seriously deficient in such important factors as reflectivity, design, size, and placement. And behind all of this looms the issue of liability. Whenever a local agency installs a traffic control device, it makes an implicit agreement to maintain that device in good condition. Failure to do so can expose the agency to huge liability risks. We know from experience that where cities, counties, or states do not maintain proper inventories, do not make proper routine inspections, then when there are accidents and there are traffic control devices that aren't up to acceptable standards, then they have the liability problem and people have sued cities, counties, and states a number of times over this situation and have collected where they wouldn't have been able to collect had there been a proper program for the signing. In a study of its liability exposure due to unsafe road conditions, Pennsylvania's Department of Transportation reported that in 1985 it paid out over $20 million in judgments that were directly related to traffic sign deficiencies. Local government agencies have experienced the same consequences on a smaller scale. Many jurisdictions could have totally re-signed their streets for less money than it cost them to settle one court awarded judgment. What's the solution? While there's no quick fix, there are ways to begin to solve the many problems related to traffic signs. Many of today's traffic administrators are responding by developing sign management programs, systematic ways of evaluating, upgrading, and maintaining the quality of their traffic signs. Although there are many variations, most sign management programs consist of three basic elements. First, an inventory of all signs within the system. Second, an evaluation of the sign's condition. Third, a schedule of routine sign replacement. Tom Hicks, traffic engineer for the state of Maryland, describes some of the benefits of such a program. A city or a county that has a good signing program would have, in my judgment, a large benefit-cost ratio. It would serve the citizens very well and improve safety in more orderly flow of traffic and less congestion in certain situations. But by far, the safety is the product that's realized. The community is further protected by being able to show that they have a systematic way of reviewing in the field what they have out there in the way of traffic control devices, of having determined the priority for upgrading them, for maintaining them, of doing things on a systematic basis in line with their available resources, both manpower and dollars. The first task normally associated with an effective sign maintenance program is to conduct an inventory of all signs presently in the system. There's a wide variety of ways to conduct an inventory, from video logging to manual recording out in the field. Whatever the method, a sign inventory is the best first step an agency can take to begin taking control of its signage problems. As part of the inventory, each sign should be evaluated, judged for conformance to the standards of the state's traffic control manual or the MUTCD. In addition, transportation officials should conduct nighttime reviews of all traffic control devices on a regular basis. We emphasize the need for nighttime reviews and looking at these devices at night. Once again, Phil Russell. What we do with the people we visit where we go out with these people at state level during the daytime and we show them pavement markings, we look at pavement markings, we look at signs and we note the condition of them and the location of them, how do they appear, can you read them, what do they look like. And then we take measurements with these instruments and we record those measurements. Then we go out at night with the same people and we look at the same devices and we find, of course, how it startles people to say, but that sign looked good during the daytime and they find it has a reading of 50 or 60 or whatever, which is completely inadequate. And yet during the day it looked fine and at night you can't see it. Information provided through inventories and reviews helps traffic managers set priorities and make more effective signage decisions. They can plan how they can best bring their traffic signs up to standard, keeping in mind funding and manpower limitations. That's exactly the approach the city of Bloomington, Indiana used when it undertook a major project of re-signing its streets. Using funding made available through the Federal Highway Administration's Hazard Elimination Program, Bloomington's streets department contracted a private firm to perform an inventory and evaluation of all the traffic signs within the city. The control specialist Ralph Merkel describes the project. We had identified a level of need in our own service area that was very significant. We felt that perhaps 50 percent of our signage at least was in need of being replaced. This is just something that was beyond the scope of our budget without the boost that these two projects gave us. And frankly, with the amount of work that needed to be done and the fact that you can be more efficient in a large-scale operation, we felt that it would pay everyone to go in and just take everything out and start over again. Recognizing that the problem was beyond its ability to handle completely in-house, the city contracted the services of a local sign manufacturer. Signing outside services provided a number of advantages. First, it ensured the timely delivery of materials, enabling the projects to be completed on time and thereby lowering the city's liability exposure. And secondly, by purchasing large quantities of ready-made signs, the city actually lowered its per-sign costs. The overall re-signing of our city was done in two phases. The first project that was made available to us was to attack the arterial and principal streets within the city. And then the second, later program, was for all of our residential secondary streets. Then we stood back and looked at the project overall in how we could most easily, geographically divide the work areas up and assign the crews a logical flow of work. And quite simply, we divided the city up into quarters and completed a quarter of the city per work unit and then proceeded on to another area. The projects allowed us to completely re-sign all of our secondary and arterial streets. We were able to bring all of our signage up to current standards in terms of setbacks, types of material, types of hardware. It's made Bloomington an easier place to drive in, a safer place to drive in. In addition to the immediate benefits brought about through improved signing, Bloomington's system of sign maintenance and replacement provided the city with a number of long-term advantages as well. Among them, fewer unscheduled maintenance calls, calls that interrupt other duties. After record keeping, they know exactly what they're spending on materials and labor for sign replacement and can estimate future costs. And most importantly, they're providing better service for the people of Bloomington. Traffic engineer Tom Hicks sees this approach working for other jurisdictions as well. A jurisdiction that is behind in its re-signing and maintenance could very well find it to their advantage to simply divide the area up into sections and just take a section at a time and just go through and just sort of wholesaledly replace all of the signs. For one thing, then they'd have a fairly accurate record of what's new and when it was placed and they know that everything was up to standards as far as night and daytime reflectivity and color and so forth are concerned. Following this method, signs that were removed from one section would be mounted on a test rack and evaluated. Those judged to have a good amount of useful life remaining would be used in other sections as emergency replacements. Many jurisdictions have used variations of this approach, each adapting its program to meet the demands of public safety against the limitations of public funding. In some cases, that meant replacing stop signs one year and regulatory signs the next. While the details will vary, every successful program contains the same three basic elements. Inventories of all signs within the system, evaluations and reviews for compliance with the standards, and following a schedule for routine sign replacement. The program can be as comprehensive as available resources will allow. The important thing is to have a program, one that's aimed at getting deficient signage off the streets. As in Bloomington, Indiana, more and more agencies are turning to the private sector for assistance in their sign management programs. Through contracts, local agencies are taking on projects that previously would have been out of reach. Any operation that requires a substantial investment in manpower and materials is a likely candidate for contracted services. We of the American Traffic Safety Services Association are proud of the role our members have played in the re-signing of Bloomington, Indiana and hundreds of other communities across the country, and we hope that this kind of cooperation between local governments and private industry will continue as we work together toward improving traffic safety and reducing liability risks. For more information


Going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards. We are ripping at three boxes of 2023 Bowman Draft baseball jumbo for Jeffrey H. So good luck here Jeffrey. Let's do it, buddy Assuming no paper base on this one for a ship. It's good luck. Jeffrey. Let's do it. Oh Jeffrey See Jack or make those this silence I got us yeah Seth Keener and Nobody can as low Christopher Carols. Yeah, right Carlson Reed and Connor parents. That is a Camilla Diaz to 499 Nice Cole Demersen to 499 refractor auto congrats on that Jeffrey. There you go, buddy. Good start Crawford Rada and Ethan O'Donnell You do a ton of be there. Let's go. No Meyer and first refractor Brayden Taylor. It is a yellow Emmett Olson to 75 What Ethan solace and Max Clark refractor the chin Colton lead better Please get him out You're moving you're moving back right illegally. You just lost a spot on that one You lost the spot because of him You just lost the spot jaker gold wave Homer Bush jr. To 50. Let's go Auto grats on that one Padres Holiday Marcella Meyer Kemp alderman is Luis Almeida to 499 that is a Blake Mitchell on the glass Savva cool and Jake cunning and I told him I said I said it depending on how much jaker may feel the noise Me is how far back you'll move in cues. So I already lost one spot go for two You really start going all out Jake. We'll just move Leo to tomorrow Triple Mike Bovee to 250 Jack Williams and Eric baton T that is a Jonah Cox to 125 and Jace Barofa Zero points the last four minutes. You need to Valdez to at 199 work Jacob Cravey and Xander Muth sky blue of Patrick Riley Woodward and Jack Mahoney. All right illegals back another one. So now illegal you're like last in queue right now So far Jake annoys me one more time. It means you will be going tomorrow Got you up first base auto Kedenton first Conor Halloran and Cade Morris. All right box number one is done You know paper out of this one paper base Good luck. Jeffrey. See what we got next max clerk On the glass Jacob Barry and Mack Horvath first refractor a sparkle of Cole Foster How are you Lee and Charlie soda now Kyle's a Bob? Joe Redfield that's on that and Jake Delia first base auto Ethan O'Donnell for the Reds That's on that came Collier Christian opera and Andrew Walters Is it really and the boss are leading the league It's a bad reflection on everybody else right there. Why Langford first it's jaco threeson Trayden Taylor Emmett Olson and Elberto Rios. All right Legals go tomorrow Legals go in tomorrow. So shout out jaker Mayfield for that one Shout out jaker Mayfield the legal went from next in queue until not even going tonight Mike Romero 99 of 99 green grass Drew Jones and Michael Carricka What a fall from grace that was Joe Whitman to one 99 On the gradient uh Zach Thornton The guy mustachio Never far away Never far away I'm here if you need me you're all right, but That was great My guy mustachio return a my guy mustachio returns. Let's go What I do next clerk Blue wave auto jack Mahoney to 150 or the uh rocky guanipa lake mitchell first refractor Telling you man. You got you get lucky with your math staff. I know math math staffer is good. I'm very happy with math staffer Max Clark Conley Hurley and prady smith Can't even get a real character all animated All animated dude Various video games, um Alex Clemmie first base auto for the uh Um, guardians first of tj neckles and colfosh should have been a pitcher, man. Yeah Should have been a picture. Definitely would have had the facial hair for that. Uh mood ring is paul skeens nice one there Skeens skeens Still in case that and tommy hawk Kind of like the piss bird piece Paul yeah, true Very legit Blue cj kfis to 150 I know that boy con man's about to be back in the chat and paul wilson. He better be man because that was good advice, dude Good advice One sec jeffrey wake hurry starting to hit three so boy Hold that hold that hot. Yeah last box of your break here jeffrey. Good luck buddy Mom jeffrey see it solid, um First couple of boxes as well Get them out of here, man There was one illegal. It's gonna go next, but unfortunately you ruined it for him. Kyle's got him tomorrow Jayce young and yasir Mercedes the orange paper karson raka forte to 25 Lightning lost four one. Come on lightning. What are we doing? See a wave. Well been francisco to 125 for the guardians Paul skeens and uh Cole miller Jonathan mahiya lunar globe samsevala Adrienne santana davis and gudieras How do you know illegal jake? Campbell first base auto for the dodgers Paul karig and camcob bro.  Please just go to bed First to retoring brice eldritch see all the lbb's where all are all Being responsible and going to bed at a reasonable time. So they're all off fortnight now.  Thanks again for the support buddy get him right out to my man


Welcome to this lecture number 36. In this particular lecture, we will cover this modeling and management of groundwater. And under this, so our main topic is modeling and management of groundwater and under this topics to be covered are groundwater management model that is for confined and unconfined aquifer. And this linked simulation optimization also will cover that meta model based in the last lecture or lecture number 35. We have talked about groundwater management model for confined aquifers that is basically confined aquifers with one dimensional flow situation under steady state condition. In that one, we have one linear objective function and we have discretized our governing equation using finite difference method and we have utilized those equations as constraints for our optimization model. And finally, the total model or total formulation can be solved using linear programming because all the constraints and objectives are linear in nature. So, today we will start with the unconfined aquifer first and we will try to solve that unconfined confined aquifer flow aquifer flow management model. This is also applicable to one dimensional flow situation. So, steady state groundwater equation for unconfined aquifer can be written as, so this is for steady state flow situation where x is the flow direction, then Tx and this is del H by del x equals to w. So, in this one Tx can be written as Kh, K is the hydraulic conductivity and H is the hydraulic head. So, with this expression, if we replace it in our original equation, we can write the whole equation as Kh del H by del x equals to w or we can write it as del H by del x half K and this is basically H square x square. So, for homogeneous type of aquifer, we can take this K out of this derivative thing, homogeneous uniform condition, we can write it as K and we can transfer the two on the other side. So, del 2 H 2 divided by this is del x 2 and we can write it as 2w. So, from this one final equation will be our del 2 H 2 del x 2 or 2w K or simply we can write this as, because H is only a function of x. So, we can write it as our ordinary differential equation. Now, we can apply our finite difference discretization to this left hand portion, but the problem is that it has got this H square term. So, what we can do, we can substitute another secondary variable with let us say this is small w, we can write it as H square. So, with this replacement our equation will become a linear equation. So, with this substitution our final equation that will look like d 2 w, this is dx 2 and 2w by K and finally, if we apply the finite difference method. So, we can write it as w i plus 1 minus 2 w i plus w i minus 1 divided by del x square and on the right hand side it will be w i divided by K. We are using a single K value for the whole domain, because we have considered that aquifer is homogeneous in nature. So, now, this particular equation can be used as a constraint for our optimization problem. So, our optimization problem then it will become maximize our z, which is summation of all small w i's, where i belongs to that set capital i which is a set of all wells. Now, this is subject to our total pumping for all pumping wells that should be greater than equal to minimum pumping value and other constraints that we need are small w should be greater than equals to 0, head cannot be negative and also our pumping cannot be negative. So, these are the constraints which need to be satisfied for our objective or optimization problem and we have our this particular equation that will act as binding constraint for the optimization problem or equality constraint. This approach is basically our embedding technique approach, where we directly utilize the governing equation within the optimization problem as constraints. So, with this h i or head at a particular location that can be determined from our this root over w small w i thing. And we can also satisfy additional constraints, because for this particular location we can have constraints like w 5 that should be less than equal to w 4 small w. Similarly, our w 4 should be less than w 3 and w 3 should be less than w 2. Similarly, we have w 2 less than equals to w 1 and w 1 is less than equals to our w naught. So, like our previous confined aquifer problem, we can set another problem where this is your impervious datum and we have 4 wells. So, this is the 4 well situation both the left hand and right hand boundaries are defined in terms of hydraulic head that is basically h 5 and h naught. So, these are basically specified boundary conditions or specified head boundary condition. And we have q 1, q 2, q 3 and q 4 for this situation. Then this corresponding to this we have h 1, this is h 2, this is h 3, this is h 4. So, we can see that this particular equation, this particular set of constraints can be directly utilized within the optimization model to get the solution. Because the head here at this downstream or down gradient point should be should have a less value compared to one up gradient point. So, in this particular problem, this is the aquifer portion, we have the problem as maximize the z where small w 1, w 2, w 3, w 4. This is our objective function subject to finite difference equations that is 2 w 1 plus w 2 minus del x square by k w 1 minus w naught and w 1 minus 2 w 2 plus w 3 minus 2 del x square by k w 2, this is 0. Again we have w 2 minus 2 w 3 plus w 4 minus 2 del x square divided by k and w 3, this is 0. And the final equation, we can write it as w 3 to w 4 minus 2 del x square by k w 4 equal to minus w 5. All these are small w's, these two are small w's in this side, these are basically small w's and these are basically capital W values or pumping values. These corresponds to our hydraulic head. Now, this is this set is the binding constraint, this set is the binding constraint and this particular set which we have already written that is valid for the optimization problem that will give a proper result because any down gradient hydraulic head cannot be greater than the up gradient or cannot be greater than compared to a up gradient value. So, what are the other constraints that will be required for this one? Those are related to production rate, production rate. In case of production rate we have w 1, w 2, w 3, w 4, this should be greater than w minimum and small w i's should be greater than 0 for i equals to 1 to 4, capital W i greater than equals to 0 for i 1 to 4. Again all the objectives and constraints are linear in nature. So, we can directly solve it using linear programming algorithm. Now, we have already covered this confined and unconfined one dimensional flow management problem for ground waters. Now, we will try to see what is there in two dimensional thing. So, for any steady state homogeneous confined aquifer system the equation can be written as this is this T is having single value because we are considering constant hydraulic conductivity over the two dimensional aquifer. So, if we discretize this. So, discretization should be i j minus 2 i j plus h i minus j divided by del x square plus h i j plus 1 to h i j plus h i j minus 1 divided by del y square equals to W i j and divided by T. So, if we consider that del x equal to our del y then we can rewrite this equation as h i plus 1 j minus 4 h i j plus h i minus 1 j plus h i j plus 1 plus h i j minus 1 equal to del x square W i j divided by T. Again if we want to write a two dimensional management problem 2D management problem for this kind of aquifers we can write it as maximize z. In this case we should have h i j where i comma j this belongs to the set i for welds and subject to our binding constraints that we have already derived for 2D aquifer and i j all i W i j greater than W minimum and h i j greater than 0 W i j greater than equals to 0. So, this can be solved using again by LP method or linear programming method. So, if you have a transient problem let us consider transient problem with confined aquifer system. So, transient problem with confined aquifer. So, in this case we can have this del this is for one dimensional case and this is transient 1D thing. So, the equation del 2 h by del x 2 that can be expressed as Crankt-Ekelson thing. In Crankt-Ekelson half of the derivatives are evaluated at the present time step and half of the derivatives are evaluated at the future time step. Let us n denotes the time level and i plus 1 denotes our space level. So, this is basically 2 h i n plus h i minus 1 n divided by del x square plus our h i plus 1 this is n plus 1 level to h i n plus 1 level plus h i minus 1 that is also at n plus 1 level. So, for a single the second order derivative we are using this Crankt-Ekelson scheme. So, in this scheme we can discretize the whole thing like this otherwise we can also discretize this thing using our any particular time step. So, Crankt-Ekelson scheme is basically bounded 1. So, we have this is nth n plus 1 level this is nth level and this is spatially i th derivative or i th location this is i minus 1 this is i plus 1 this is again i i minus 1 i plus 1. So, it involves all these points within our calculation and that way it is it will give advantage during the solution process. And if you discretize our this time dependent or transient term like this this is i n plus 1 minus h i n th level and del t also we can discretize our w that is average between i n th level and i n plus 1 level. So, if we substitute these terms in our original equation we can get one linear equation and again if we employ our transient problem our transient values within our optimization framework then it will be a time dependent optimization problem. So, we can write this thing as maximization of z and our i all i and this is i tau tau is basically our last time step. So, our subject to we can use the constraints as i w i n or we can directly use it here t level and this is greater than equal to w minimum and which is at t level and this t varies from 1 to that tau. So, at the last time step our head values should be maximum or we should maximize our head values at the last time step. And we have this constraint that for each time period or management period we can have the total pumping which will be greater than our minimum value of pumping. Finally, if we have any 2D unconfined aquifer situation then we have the equation like this and with our usual substitution for unconfined aquifers we can rewrite the equation as del x square del 2 w y 2 2 w k and we can discretize this particular equation with our finite difference formulation. Now, this is time independent or steady state problem for unconfined aquifer situation. Now, let us talk about the simulation optimization problem. In case of simulation optimization problem we directly use the simulation model as binding constraint within our optimization model, but we link it externally using any ready made simulation model or we can write our code, but we link it externally with the optimization model. For any flow and transport related problem we can have one extra constraint that is your concentration value should be below the specified concentration limit. So, in this case this has been taken from our salt water inclusion management problem. So, we have this maximization of pumping from production wells then minimization of pumping from extraction or barrier wells because these pumped waters cannot be directly used for our water supply systems. We need to have some kind of reverse osmosis or any other kind of plant to treat these water. So, this capital Q is for any x i location and T k is the time level. So, time period so, at any specific spatial location at any particular time period. So, summation over all spatial locations and all spatial all time periods we can maximize this production function or production well pumping and minimize the pumping from extraction barrier well. So, that is for location j and for time period k and this is subject to this externally linked simulation model C we can directly get from this external g function which is not exactly one proper expression, but it is some kind of linked thing and this is concentration related constraint that it should not be greater than any specified concentration limit these are the limit for our production well and barrier well. So, we can have this kind of situation where this is our optimization model. So, during evaluation of objective and constraints we can go to f m water f m water is density dependent flow and transport simulation model. So, during this objective function and constraint calculation we need the information about concentration. So, what we are passing through this? So, we are passing the information related to Q and small Q that is pumping values for production well, pumping values for barrier well and what we are getting out of this f m water model we are getting the concentration values that way it is externally linked. Now, with this algorithm we can have this final solutions that is this is this is the final solution set one solution set that is for a number of objective function values. So, one objective is maximization of f 1, f 1 is the production one is minimize the f 2. So, that way there is conflict. So, if we maximize one thing there will be increase in other variables value. So, there is tradeoff between first objective and second objective. So, let us consider one hypothetical example this particular phase let us say this is our ocean phase or sea phase these three wells are extraction or barrier wells and these wells are our production wells and these two boundaries are no flow boundaries and this is our inland phase. So, this is the size 1800 meters 100 meter thickness of the aquifer and 1400 meters and this has been modeled using f m water. So, these are the well screen levels. So, these are the values for the hydraulic conductivity 25 meters per day for x and y direction and 0.25 meters per day in z direction longitudinal dispersivity alpha l is 50 meters alpha t that is 20 meters molecular diffusion coefficient that is 0.69 meter square per day. Soil porosity that is 0.2 and density reference ratio interestingly previously we have used this alpha c divided by C s. Now, this alpha by C s is basically this particular epsilon. So, this is density reference ratio this is our vertical recharge although it is having that small q notation, but it is different from or pumping from extraction barrier thing. So, different parameters let us say we have that C max value is 500 mg per liter. So, this is our vertical recharge so this is standard for secondary maximum contaminant level. So, this is 500 mg for any multiple objective optimization because we have two objectives. So, we can designate it as multi objective optimization. So, this is called as Pareto front. So, one objective is spreading in these two directions spreading of final solutions and second and this is the second goal and the first goal is movement of solutions and the final front should be almost coinciding with our Pareto front or it is nearing to our Pareto front. So, with different number of iterations or generations let us say this is generation number one there is first objective is can be realized because this is 100 generation 200 300. So, it is moving towards 300 number in 300 number generation it is moving towards Pareto front and with the increase in generation number it is also spreading in both the directions. So, let us say this is our final front. So, in this particular front 11 and 14 are two points and these two points are showing two different results two different means 11 and 14 will give you two sets of capital Q and small Q values and with that you can explain the process. One thing is that for point number 11 we have F 1 value which is less than our F 1 value compared to 14, but it is having a better value for F 2 compared to solution number 14. So, this we can see that there is some kind of tradeoff between the solutions. So, it took around 24 into 800 simulations it took 30 days of running time. So, the problem is that running time is a problem for linked simulation optimization. So, what we can do we can use our metamodel based approach for management purpose. First thing is that response matrix approach, other thing response surface methodology or other metamodel based approaches artificial network radial basis function, support vector machine, relevance vector machine and creaking model and GP. So, what is the difference between our original simulation model and metamodel? So, original simulation model will give you the exact value of H or C, but in case of metamodel there will be some amount of error involved with it. So, what we can do is although we can gain in terms of solution time or gain in terms of solving a particular problem in management related issues. So, first thing is this response matrix thing, response matrix approach and this response matrix approach let us say draw down for any location s draw down s for any location k n, k is the special location or cell and n at the end of nth time period can be written in terms of this expression. So, in this case this unit response function, unit response function it tells something that is in the kth cell it tells something that kth cell at the end of nth time period due to unit. So, it is basically denoting the change in draw down for nth cell the kth cell at nth time period due to due to unit pumpage from jth cell and pth time period. So, this is some kind of unit response for kth cell at the end of nth time period due to the unit pumpage or injection in the jth cell during pth time period. So, for kth cell at the end of nth time period we need to consider all time periods which are less than nth time period. So, starting from 1 to n and j we need to consider all possible cell locations. So, this is all possible cell locations. So, we can replace our binding constraints with this particular expression these unit response functions can be obtained by simulation of the original simulation model. Now, we can use ANN, ANN has got architecture of something. So, we have some input and we can get some output and we can evaluate the performance using total error. Total error is desired and actual one and again desired and actual one average absolute relative error can be computed using this. So, this is basically number of, let us say layers and we can also find out this correlation coefficient for this one to check the accuracy of the ANN models. So, what is there in the link simulation optimization with meta model? We have physical simulation model here and we have meta model here and we have optimization model here. So, from simulation model we can generate input patterns using that this is Latin hyper cube sampling, this is one sampling strategy with which we can generate our input pumping values and we can input that in FEM water model and we can generate training and testing data set. We can train that ANN model or any SVM or GP model, then we have that train model and train model will pass that capital Q and small q again will get C value part of this and we can use this C value for optimization and again we can get this multi objective solutions. So, these many iterations are required for the testing part and the 3000 training data set was used and 600 testing data set and this was the architecture 33 inputs, these are two hidden layers and this is the output thing. So, we can see that meta model based approach is giving almost equal or better result compared to our direct link simulation optimization model. There can be another approach where we can use this screening model thing. So, we have this one. This physical simulation model from physical simulation model we can have our meta model from meta model. We can run our optimization model and we can get some intermediate Pareto front or intermediate solutions and we can pass that particular solution to the final objective or final optimization model where we have original optimization, original simulation model is linked with the optimization model. So, that way we can get a good accuracy in terms of results and also we can reduce the number of iterations that will be required for simulation of original FU water model during management optimization simulation process. So, partially trained meta model linked simulation optimization and with 100 generation with 1000 generation these are giving this is giving screening model based approach. This is with link simulation based approach direct link simulation based approach it is giving always the better result because these are the correct values and it is more near to our Pareto front because as it moves in the right hand direction it is more near to our Pareto front. There can be link simulation optimization with operation uncertainty we can run this simulation model for multiple realizations. We can give Q and small Q values and we can generate Q plus del Q combinations del Q is small variation because in reality there will be variation of these values in field situations. So, with this combinations we can run the model and we can get the average objective function value and standard deviation that we can utilize here and we can get some kind of C bar with some seed standard deviation C bar means some mean value for the concentration we can pass it and we can get a robust optimal solution for the management problem. So, integrated planning mechanism so, we have robust optimal solution from this multiple realization approach we can get final front or final Pareto front out of that we will select one strategy and we will implement that single strategy in the field there will be monitoring and we will collect some information again we will with those information we can update the simulation model that is the actual process for any integrated planning approach. Thank you.


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I saw this this morning. Um, it really shocked me because I've had heard about it before even from Eric the cost He even said we wanted to do it But I did not think that they were really actively trying to do it because I thought it was just lip service from the Baltimore Raven I thought it was just all talk from Eric the cost I did not think he was actively trying to get this thing done Jeff's Rebit put out an article Super early this morning cuz you know just really he'd be dropping them gyms and articles early in the morning So shout out to him. He's the best in the business And it was titled Raven's linebacker Patrick Queen is ready to be unleashed after offseason of angst And this is how it started it said it wasn't the Baltimore Ravens Declining to pick up the fifth year option on his rookie contract making him eligible for free agency next year that initially set Patrick Queen off the Ravens using a third round pick on his potential replacement Clemson's Trenton Simpson didn't push Queen closer to the breaking point either See this is the part right here that shocked me even though we heard about it But this is the part that shocked me it said the damage had already been done early in the offseason when talks with Queen about a potential contract extension broke off Amid a difference of opinion on how much it should cost and When I saw that because I know we saw the report we even did a video about it where Eric the cost has said That he wanted to pay Patrick and this this was after Roque once with this is why I thought he was just talking I thought he's just talking and try to just motivate Patrick Queen so Patrick Queen could have a good year So Patrick Queen could still be locked in with the Baltimore Raven So Patrick Queen could still be focused as a Baltimore Raven as long as he would continue to be a Baltimore Raven I thought that was just more of motivational speech from Eric the cost of like a Patrick We want to pay you we want to pay Patrick Queen. We really want to keep Patrick Queen But hey, so come with it come right So before we either trade you or before you become a free agent we can get the most out of you That's all I thought it was but I did not know again after they paid Roquon Smith After this what makes it the most surprising to me that they were still engaged with talks with Patrick Queen to try to get something done and that's who that's some serious right there because And I said this before a month ago when when that original report first came out even though again I didn't believe that Eric the cost was really trying to get a deal done with Patrick Queen But apparently he was really trying to get a deal done with Patrick Queen, but the talks broke off But I'm thinking like you you just pay Roquon Smith Top linebacker money at that time. He got paid the highest what an average 20 mil per season I think he got paid some bread So what you gonna do with Patrick Queen?  That was not top three not top five I know you don't go pay him like that. So what would it be and With Patrick Queen, I feel like if he's gonna get paid the most money that he can possibly make it ain't coming from the Ravens It's not and I y'all know me I want to keep every single body there is I want to keep all the good players And I like Patrick Queen a lot and I feel like with Patrick Queen It was tough man He was put in a very very very tough position from jump because this dude drafted in the first round and Got asked to be the guy Because he's at inside linebacker and he was asked to be the guy super super young didn't even have much experience at LSU But he got asked to come in to the Baltimore Ravens and again a as an NFL player There's pressure enough as an NFL defender, especially with offense being key nowadays. That's pressure enough That's a linebacker rookie linebacker expected to take over for your team Well for yeah for this team that you got drafted by that's pressure enough But it's extra pressure when you are drafted as a linebacker of the Baltimore Inside linebacker the Baltimore Ravens because again, it's not fair But it happens you will always and forever be compared to Ray Lewis because he set such a high standard with the Baltimore Ravens on the field that Any inside linebacker that comes through they're gonna get compared it happens every time y'all know it y'all know it Especially when they're asked to be the guy It happened with CJ Moseley Uh-huh Daryl Smith It had happened with Patrick Queen Patrick on Wausau a little bit and people are like oh Patrick on Wausau. How how much law you like Ray Lewis? But it's in people's heads because Ravens fans Expectation for inside linebacker play is through the roof because of what we've had Ravens expectation for safety play It's through the roof because of what we had and read obviously So the expectations for Patrick Queen were high. There was a lot of pressure put on him from jump especially at such a young age And early on he did well then there the miss tackle starter So there was some up and down but when they brought in Roquan Smith Even before they brought in Roquan Smith Patrick Queen was his play was ascending He was getting better and better which I was like, ah, yeah, let's go Patrick. Let's go PQ But then when they brought up brought in Roquan Smith That helped him out even more because that alleviated so much off of him because again, there was a lot on his plate There's a lot on his table and I saying that he couldn't handle it But when they brought in Roquan Smith, they were like, hey, let's give give some of your responsibilities to the veteran And we're gonna alleviate that pressure off for you because we know you can be a good player We've seen you make some good plays. We see you miss some players to every player misses some plays But we've seen what your potential is. You know what? Let's take a different approach Let's put you in a different position So you ain't gotta be Batman, but you can sort of be be robbing or they could be like sort of like two bad Man's or whatnot, but we're gonna alleviate the pressure that we put on you We're gonna put it on Roquan Smith the veteran who's been here done that But you're still gonna be on the field and you still gonna make plays but we want things to be easier for you That's what it seemed like the Baltimore Ravens did when they brought in Roquan Smith when they gave up that second round picked to acquire him so with Patrick Queen with this article like Really confirming like they you really trying to pay Patrick Queen, too. I was shocked Still surprised at it. I ain't mad at a as long as if you don't pay Patrick Queen, too As long as you could still always get a corner because I mean corner in a draft next year Probably most likely happening now. We got like 20 corners on one year deal So we're gonna be right back all in a situation next year again So yeah, it's probably gonna be first round pick for a corner next year Unless a real nice one comes available and you trade for him or you sign up or whatever have a we'll see but um If you gonna pay Patrick Queen, too Hey, it ain't my money And if you'll pay everybody cool, but just make sure that why receive a room is right and Make sure that offensive line is right. Just make sure they're right Gonna pay the contractor no problem But make sure those things are taking care of me because we need a quarterback protect it He paid already say straight. We need the weapons, too So that's that's all that I will ask but back to the article. Um Patrick Queen said he said there were talks and then some Stuff fell through obviously you get upset. I'm probably gonna be gone. That's at least what I was thinking in my head I'm thinking that I'm going everybody reacts out of motion to certain things. Hey Y'all know I thought he was going to When they when the Ravens decline Patrick Queen's fifth year option. I was like, oh, yeah, he's out of here. He's gone especially Actually went when they pay rock one first when they traded for Roku on Smith I said Patrick Queen's days were numbered I said it the day after two days within two days that Patrick Queen's days are numbered They're not gonna pay to inside line baggers and I know like they gave him a second round pick for Roku on Smith He was not no rental. He wasn't rental. So I was like, oh, yeah, that that's a wrap for Patrick Queen But I wanted them to keep him. I really wanted them to keep him because yeah, again, I want to keep everybody But then they so that they not only traded for Roku on Smith, but then they traded for and then they paid him Patrick Queen had been here for three years. It seemed like rogue was with I've been here for like three games He got it hundred million dollar contract. So I know Patrick was like, oh really? that Why not me? But pay Roku on Smith. I'm like, oh, yeah, it's a wrap. But yeah, I was thinking the same thing Patrick Queen was thinking Well, and they payroll then they draft they draft the trend simpsons. Oh, oh, yeah Okay, yeah, that's that's it. I actually thought Patrick was gonna get traded before the draft and then it didn't happen I said, oh, okay. All right, there's some hope that he stays which I was happy about But yeah, then they traded. I mean, excuse me. They drafted trend simpsons. Oh So I guess maybe he might get traded after the draft Then all season came and it was still here who's getting through it and Patrick Queen was still with the Ravens Okay, I like it. I'm not mad at I love it Because Patrick Queen like this year he has such an opportunity man and this article it dives into how His mindset just changed how how his just whole just his vibe changed Moving forward and looking forward because it said that he does want to get paid Obviously who doesn't want to get paid but and he's accepted the fact that a his pay They may not come from the Ravens. It just may not but he said he's all in this year He's laser focused this year. He's a hundred percent committed this year and I said that with Patrick Queen He can be very dangerous and especially again if he continues to be used the right way and it continues to execute the right way as well Because with Patrick Queen The motivation has got to be through the roof because again you the whole rockwansmith thing You're watching that it could be so frustrated because I've been in that situation before Been at a job for years watched them bring in somebody else who's doing the same job as me But watch them get paid more. It is one of the most frustrating things ever You feel like it's a slap in the face. You feel disrespected. You are heated.  Let me step my game up even more Let let me continue to show these people why I deserve to get the bread, too And it can work out a couple different ways for you. Hey, maybe you'll get paid from that same company They'll realize. Oh, yeah, you are something special. We got you. Oh, hey Maybe it'll be time to move on somewhere else Because you can make more money doing what you're doing now, but you can make a lot more money elsewhere so I think that's what Patrick Queen is faced with but he has all the reason to be motivated in the world right now because It's time to earn your bread. This is the last year of your contract So teams are looking teams have already been looking but teams are definitely looking now like a Raven's already paid real Kwan Smith, they ain't about to pay Patrick Queen to we don't see them doing that or would they but regardless teams are gonna be watching and waiting because He's gonna be one of the top linebackers in free agency and one of the most explosive linebackers in free agency But before you get the free agency We got one more year to run this right now And if Patrick Queen can go into free agency like he's already set up nice for free agency But if you can go to into free agency as a Super Bowl chair Wonders for him because that would add something to his resume that it can never be taken off ever and If Ravens do what we want them to do and what we a lot of people expect them to do Then Patrick Queen will be a big part of that on defense. He really will So I'm excited for it man again I was shocked by this news woman when I first saw it today because I'm like man, so it was real So Eric the cost of was telling the truth So I guess Eric the cost of man. He's I guess he's real with it, man So as far as lion's lunches and all that I got those okay Yeah, you gonna be lying, but it's Eric the cost he gonna tell the truth, too If he ain't in no lion's luncheon then Eric the cost is gonna be real with it, man So I see you man, and I respect it So I'm gonna start paying a little closer attention to the words you say and I'll take them all as lip service So anyway, take it clean. I love y'all. I really really appreciate y'all make sure you subscribe to the channel Turn notifications on cuz we are officially in week one Lester. Oh, that feels good to say less than seven days It's six days y'all six days. We gonna be watching the Ravens play the Texas live, man So we've made it y'all. I love y'all appreciate y'all and we out