Hey, Linda here from ITTT back this week with another live session. Thanks so much for tuning in today. I hope you're going to enjoy today's live stream. Today's topic I think is going to be really interesting to a lot of people because we do get that asked quite a lot at ITTT. You know, can I teach English abroad or online without a university degree? And the answer is yes, you can, it's possible. And in this live stream, I'm going to show you exactly where the best places are for teachers who don't have a degree, but they do want to go abroad to teach. So I'm going to cover specific countries where teachers without a degree can work. And I'm also going to cover a couple of different online platforms where you can find work, where you can work, where you can teach English without having a university degree. So I hope that sounds good. I hope you can see me. I hope you can hear me. Please, as always, leave a comment in the comment box. We are live on Facebook and on YouTube. So don't be shy. Don't be quiet. Just leave something in the comment box just a high and where you're watching from. I would really, really appreciate that. And what else? If you're listening to this as a podcast episode, thank you very much for the download. We always turn our live sessions into podcast episodes afterwards for people who prefer, you know, the audio only format. I know I do. I love listening to podcasts, especially when I drive. So, yeah, that's a great option. And we also recently hit a milestone. You already a couple of weeks ago, 3,500 podcasts downloads. I'm sure it's more now. I actually need to double check. So I hope we're going to be reaching 5,000 downloads very soon. So, yeah, if you're one of our podcast listeners, thank you very much. And if you're not yet a listener, please consider listening. It's the Teflon TESOL podcast by ITTT. You can find it on all major podcast platforms, iTunes, Spotify, Google podcasts, all the major podcast platforms. What else? Yeah, consider liking and subscribing. As I said, we're live both on Facebook and on YouTube at the same time right now. So some of you are watching on YouTube, some of you are watching on Facebook. Don't forget to like and subscribe to our social media channels because we do update them daily. And we always also share our upcoming live sessions. So you can, you know, know in advance what we're going to talk about.  And here when we go live, we go live twice a week. I go live once a week every week at this time right now. So that is Friday, 10 a.m. Korea time for me. For some of you, it is Thursday. No matter, doesn't like wherever you are, right? And my colleague Lisa, she goes live every Tuesday. She is based in Russia and she's a non-native English teacher from Russia. And she has experience in teaching English in China and online. So if that's something that interests you and all of you out there who are non-native English speakers who want to start a teaching career, I highly recommend checking her out. And also all of our live sessions are remain in our playlists on Facebook and also on YouTube. So you can always go back and watch previous episodes. And also if you leave a comment on the previous episodes, we still get back to you then. So if you have questions during a previous live session, just still leave a comment and we get back to you that way. All right, I see I have a lot of comments already. Hi guys, Tiana recently moved to Arkansas. Cool, exciting new place. Awesome. Juliana in Illinois, perfect. Then we have Donovan from Mexico and Marcia in Chile. Awesome. So it's mostly still Thursday evening for you guys. Okay, I appreciate you tuning in. Thank you so much. Tiana says it's beautiful here. Oh, cool. I don't think I've ever been to Arkansas. I would love to go. I've also never, no, have I been to Illinois? I've been to Chicago actually, but only the airport. Unfortunately, only the airport. All right. Cool. Thank you guys for tuning in. Oh, and also I forgot to mention our 30% discount. Most of you already know this. If you watched our live sessions before, we always offer a 30% discount code during our lives, only during our live sessions. So you're not going to find this 30% discount anywhere else. So one way to get it is to this way, upper right hand corner, 30% of QR code. You can scan that or you can also just click on the discount link that I'm going to share right now in the comments section. Looks like this. So you can click on that. It leads you straight to the application page. You can fill it out and you'll see a 30% discount. This goes for all of our TEFL and TESOL courses. All right. Then we have Marcia says, I live in a city called Osorno. It is in the south of Chile. Oh, amazing. I hear amazing things about Chile. I really want to visit. Then we have Hema from Plymouth, UK. Cool. What time is it there? It's like 2 AM, isn't it? 2 AM. Thanks for watching him. I appreciate that. Okay. Great. So today's topic. Let's jump right in teaching English without a degree. Yes, it is possible. And I'm going to show you how. Basically. So I'm going to make myself smaller again. Feel free to keep your comments coming at any time. Ask your questions or if you have any comments, if you have experience in one of the countries that I'm going to mention teaching without a degree. I always love your input. So don't be shy. Let us know. Share your insight with other people. That would be really, really great. And then we're just going to start. So first off, just a little bit about myself. I know this is always the same.  But I know there's also a lot of new people watching. And I just want to introduce myself to those people who don't know me yet. So my name is Linda. I'm a travel writer and content creator under the name Linda goes East East because I've always had a passion for Asia and moved East to Asia and have been in Asia pretty much since 2012. And you can find my own content at Linda goes East.com. You're going to find a lot of different travel content about countries in Asia, specifically nowadays, a lot of Korea content. I live in Korea, have not been out of the country for nearly two years as most of us. And so I've been exploring a lot of Korea content before the pandemic. I was pretty much traveling all across Asia and have content about that as well. Also on Instagram at Linda goes East, check it out. I love sharing my travel content on there. And if you want to reach out to me directly, you can also do that on Instagram. Feel free to message me. I'm originally from Germany and the US. So my mom is German. My dad is American, but I was born and raised in Germany and then finished university in the States. And I've been based in South Korea for the past six years. I taught English full-time in South Korea. Before that, I actually lived in China. I also taught English there. And then I transitioned over to the TEFL and TESOL side of things. So I've been a marketing professional at ITTT for the past five years full-time. ITTT stands for International TEFL and TESOL Training. You can find us at TEFLCourse.net and also on Instagram at International TEFL Training and also on Facebook where some of you are watching from right now. Obviously YouTube, Twitter, Pinterest, all of those good places. And ITTT is a leading TEFL and TESOL course provider worldwide. We offer a wide variety of different TEFL and TESOL courses online, in class, combined, different types of courses. There's also specialization courses for teaching business English, specifically for teaching online. So go check that out. There is a course that suits your needs. I guarantee. Great. OK. So then I would like to know where would you like to teach? Now I know from some of you because some of you are watching week after week and after week. And I've been getting to know you guys. So I know some of you guys where you want to teach, but let me know where you would like to teach and why. So it could be like a country or a specific city or just a specific continent. Or if you want to teach English online, let me know and why you want to teach there. What is it that attracts you? And I'm going to take a look at the comments here. All right. We have Mathur, who, oh, you've watched Before Too High from Bangladesh. Thanks for tuning in again. And then we have Hannah from Singapore, but residing in Korea. Great. Where in Korea do you live? I live about, I live near Daejeon in a city called Cheongju. How about you? All right. Here is Andy from Pretoria, South Africa. Great. Cool. All right. So we have an answer. Where would you like to teach? Tiana says South Korea. Yes. I knew that one. And I also live, love Italy. Awesome. So South Korea or Italy. Awesome. And why though? Why would you like to teach there? Okay. Hannah lives in Namyangju. Yeah. I know that. Good. I had a friend who lived in Hanam city. So kind of also that area. I've never been to Namyangju actually, but I know it. Okay. Tiana says I love South Korea for its scenery. Yes. Great. Yeah. South Korea is a very beautiful country. It's small, but beautiful. So yeah. How about you other guys? Do you want to teach English in Korea? Or do you want to teach online? Or do you want to move to different country to teach? How about Andy? And Hema, Mathieu. How about you guys? Let me know. Where would you like to teach? Or you just don't know yet. That's okay too. So I taught English in China in a city called Changsha in Hunan province. That's the capital of Hunan province. And it was really cool there. I loved it. Very spicy food. But yeah, it was great. And then I taught English in South Korea also at a private kindergarten. So we taught kindergarteners in the morning and then elementary school sort of after, like in the afternoon. Okay. Hema wants to teach in Plymouth. Okay. Great. So where you live? Okay. Cool. Marcia. Turkey. Interesting. Marcia wants to go to Turkey. Okay. Cool. And Hannah is currently teaching English in Korea, private one to one. Very cool. Okay. And Andy wants to teach online. Perfect. All right. Thanks.  So that's very interesting. And I'm actually going to mention some of these countries in just a little bit. Then we have Naeem from Pakistan. Thanks so much for tuning in Naeem. And Dana Min in Canada or maybe Europe. I like to teach in somewhere cold since here in Southern Mexico is really hot. That's awesome. It's funny because I'm from Europe. I'm from Germany. And I've never heard anybody say they want to teach somewhere cold because it's too hot. It's like the opposite, right? Where I'm from because it's kind of colder there. So we want to go someplace where it's warm. So that's funny. Okay. Hey Nancy. Thanks for joining again. And then we have Deanna who wants to teach in Istanbul in Turkey. Very cool. Okay. So I prefer the cold too, Deanna. Oh, really? Now, well, I like, I guess I like everything, but I do like warm weather more. And it's getting really, really hot in South Korea and it's like humid, hot. It's really not what I'm used to in Germany does not get humid as much. So it's really, it's kind of killing me. You really need AC all the time and you can't really be outside too long. And then we're also getting into a rainy season soon. It's going to rain a lot and maybe some typhoons coming. So yeah, that's summer in Korea. All right. Then Juliana says, I would like to teach ESL students in my state or online. Cool. Okay. All right. Great. So then we're moving on jumping into the topic of teaching English without a degree. And yes, it is possible because we do get that asked quite a lot, you know, at it. People ask us, do I need a degree to teach English abroad? Can I teach abroad without having a degree? Because there are a lot of people who don't have a degree and don't despair. Yes. It is possible. However, what you, these are the three main things that you need to have for teaching abroad or also online without a degree. So the first thing would be to definitely get a Teflur T-Soll certificate that you at least have some kind of certificate. Nowadays, like a Teflur T-Soll is pretty much a standard thing. Whether or not you do have a degree. So also people who have a degree should definitely get Teflur T-Soll certified. It has become a requirement in many countries to go and teach there. And also a lot of employers prefer hiring people with a Teflur. And also if you don't have a degree, then it's definitely a huge plus at least having a Teflur T-Soll certificate. And for people without a degree, we definitely recommend going for a sort of bigger kind of Teflur certificate. So one that has a lot more hours than the standard 120. So we would recommend the, the, one of the packs. So master package that is 220 hours. And then we have the professional package that's 470 hours. That includes the standard certificate plus the specializations in teaching English to business people, teaching English to young learners. And also the T-Soll diploma course. So we recommend getting that for people without a degree. That is really going to enhance your chances of landing a job. So that's the one thing. And then the other thing, obviously experience would be great. So this could be any kind of experience, you know, even volunteer experience or some kind of teaching experience, even in your hometown, you know, maybe at church or at like your local, just in your neighborhood, tutoring and teaching, you know, younger kids, maybe, or older people or whoever that is definitely counted as experience. Or if you want to go, usually what a lot of people do who want to go abroad, they start teaching online first to get experience. So some kind of experience is also going to enhance your chances if you don't have a degree and you want to go abroad. And then also a big thing is flexibility. So what do I mean, flexibility? A lot of people obviously come, you know, into the whole idea of teaching abroad and they have this one place where they really want to go. So for example, Tiana really wants to go to South Korea. Well, if you want to go to South Korea, you need a degree. So if that is where you want to go and you don't have a degree, you might have to just change your destination and you might not be able to go there. So just be flexible, be open-minded. You definitely don't have as many opportunities as many, you know, as people with a degree. So it's more limited. So you do need to be a lot more flexible in terms of location where you want to go. So that's one thing. Okay, let me look at the comments over here. So Marcia says the thing is that I'm already a teacher of English here in my country. So what I want to know is to live the new experiences that teaching abroad can bring. Yeah, okay, got it. Cool. Cool. Yeah, for sure, for sure. And Tiana says that's my plan while I work on my degree. Yeah, teaching online, getting experience. Yeah. Okay. All right. And Andy says I have a bachelor's degree in religious education. So I just would like to be Teflortesal certified. Yeah, absolutely. Great. So what I actually also want to mention when that's also a question we get a lot for teaching abroad or teaching English in general online as well. Do I need to have a degree in English or in teaching in education? And the answer is no. Most of the time, like 90% of the time you just need to have a degree in any major. So it doesn't matter. Your bachelor's degrees in religious education. So that's also fine. It just needs for a lot of countries, it just needs to be a four year degree. So it doesn't matter. My degree was in business administrations and management. So I was still able to go and teach. So it doesn't matter. Your major doesn't matter. Obviously, if it's in education, if it's in TESOL, if it's in English, it's going to be a huge plus. And you're probably going to have a lot more opportunities and also probably going to have higher pay. But it doesn't have to be. And actually, most of my friends who are teaching abroad don't have a degree in education or in teaching. So, all right. Good. So Yian says, I want to take the certificate. How can I start? Great. You can start by going. Clicking on our 30% off link. And you can sign up for a course that suits your needs. We always recommend, you know, the 120 hour standard. Or like I said, if you don't have a degree and you're a non native English speaker, we recommend higher level certificates. So maybe the 220 hour master package would be great for you. And you can get that 30% off. But now only during like, this link we only share during the life, but you can also sign up later. That makes sense. So do that. Go there and check it out. Okay.  He says, Linda, would you mind bringing some live sessions with pronunciation slides and grammar issues such as conditionals? Interesting. That's a great idea. I might do that in the future. So yeah, I'm open to that. Thank you. I will definitely keep that in mind. Good. Okay. So now what I want to talk about are the places, the countries where you can go teaching if you don't have a degree. We're going to go through countries. And then we're going to look at which online platforms hire teachers without a degree. All right. So if you're interested in teaching online, stay until the end. It's not going to take too long. Don't worry. Just stay tuned. It's coming. So first up, we have Asia. So where can I teach English without a university degree in Asia? Best places most of the time are Southeast Asia. Specifically countries like Cambodia, Vietnam and Indonesia. And just look at the beautiful pictures here that I picked. That's kind of my favorite part when I make slides, the pictures. It's so beautiful. Okay. Like I want to go everywhere. So Cambodia, Vietnam. Excuse me. I have something in my throat now. So Cambodia, Vietnam and Indonesia are the best places in Asia to go and teach if you don't have a university degree. Also, the cost of living is very low there, which is great. And the salaries in Southeast Asia are up to $1,500. And I did a live session about teaching English in Asia before where I mentioned more details about each country. So you should go and check that out. But basically, that's always something to consider like the cost of living versus the salary because $1,500 might not sound like much. But considering the low cost of living, that salary is going to get you very far. Extra benefits, not that many. So extra benefits, for example, in country, especially in East Asia, so like China, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan. There you get a lot of great extra benefits like free healthcare. You get bonuses, end of contract, bonuses, pension. You get free housing, free airfare, things like that. In Southeast Asia, that's not really a thing. So you just get your salary and that is it pretty much. But great places to go if you want to teach without a degree. And also worth mentioning South Korea here. So normally for South Korea, you do need a four-year university degree to go and teach there. However, there is the talk program where you can apply to if you have a two-year associates degree. So maybe that's something that a lot of people didn't know. So if you have a two-year degree, you can apply through the talk program and then teach English in South Korea. That might be a really great opportunity. Salaries are higher and you have a lot more extra benefits and you are in Korea, which is an amazing country. Then we have China, which is worth mentioning because it used to be a couple of years ago where you could go and teach without a degree. But things have changed and now teachers are required to have a four-year degree in order to qualify for the Z visa in China, which is the work visa there. And that's the visa that you need to be a teacher in China to work there. So keep that in mind. Of course, there are schools because China is actually the country with the largest demand for English teachers. It's a huge country. There's like language schools everywhere. So they have a huge demand in teachers. And so some schools, they also hire people who are, for example, on a tourist visa, which is actually illegal. And we do not recommend it. You shouldn't do that. If you get caught and they do inspections, if you get caught, you get deported and fined. And I don't know if you can ever come back to China. I don't know, but it's not a great situation you want to be in. And some of the schools, they don't care because they don't get deported. They probably have to pay a fine, but it's probably worth the risk for them. So you're going to find a lot of sketchy schools who are trying to get teachers to come, blurring them, you know, to China on a tourist visa and then just having work technically illegally. But you should not do that. So there are a lot of other great places to work if you don't have a degree. So Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, just look at the pictures. Amazing places, amazing places. All right. So let's see. Share a question. I have a master's degree in English literature. Been teaching English in Bangladesh. Which country will be suitable for me to teach English? Great. Okay. So actually, I think my colleague Lisa, she did a live session about, you know, teaching English abroad as a non-native English speaker. So I highly recommend you check that out. She names all the countries and we also have actually resources. Let me see if I can just find it real quick or I have to share that with you later. Here. I found it. So you can go here, do this blog article and you'll find the best places for non-native English speakers to teach English abroad. So that's going to help you. You can also reach out maybe to Lisa, watch her previous live sessions for more information about that. Okay. But I mean a master's degree in English literature and you have teaching experience sounds really, really great. So I'm sure you can find a position abroad as well. All right. Then we have Nuntana with a question. What's Teflor T-Soll certificate that accepted worldwide to work in teaching? Definitely ITTT. Ours. Our certificate is accepted worldwide and they actually have some certificates right here. This is the teaching English online certificate. So this one is accepted worldwide. It's also really nice quality. I really like those certificates. So yeah, our certificates are accepted worldwide are accredited. You can also what's great about this one. I've showed this before, but let me just show again. So all the certificates, they do have a unique number here that employers can use to verify that this is a real certificate. It's not a Photoshop one or anything like that. You can go to the ITTT website and punch this number in and verify that it's a real Teflor T-Soll certificate. And yeah, you can actually find more about our accreditation and affiliation on our website. We have an accreditation tab on our website. If you click on that, you'll find out more about all of that. Hi, Mikey. Good to see you. Cool. All right. Then we have Iran. One more question from India, Mumbai. I have completed my master's in science and right now pursuing a Teflor T-Soll course. Can I teach English in Europe? Okay, great. I'm actually going to cover Europe in a little bit so you can stay tuned and then find out more about that. So this is Asia. I think Europe is right now. Yeah, now is Europe. Okay. So where can you teach in Europe without a degree? Great places are, for example, Spain and Italy, Russia, the Czech Republic and Turkey. The only thing about Europe is that the cost of living is quite high and you're also not going to get that many benefits compared to other places in East Asia, what I just mentioned where you get free airfare, free housing, bonuses and all of that stuff. Salaries, they range from $700 to $2,400 a month. So it's a huge range. It really depends on where you work, also what kind of city, what kind of school. So it really depends. Yeah, Italy, yes, is a great place. So, yeah, that's Europe. So Spain, Italy, Turkey, Russia and Czech Republic are great places to start teaching without a university degree. Let's see what Andy says. Andy says, thanks. A lot of people say that I suppose it's good to do with the kind of lifestyle I'm living. Okay. Don't know what you're referring to right now, but good.  That's sometimes the unfortunate thing. There is like a delay between me talking and you seeing it. It's about like 20 seconds, I believe, which is quite long. So does Russia need native speaking teachers? That's a good question. I'm not quite sure. I don't think it is a requirement. But that would be a great question for Lisa because she is from Russia. My colleague Lisa. So tune in on Tuesdays and ask her that. That's a great question. Yeah. And also we actually publish a lot of job offers on our website and also on our Facebook page. So look out for that. There's a lot of job offers for those countries as well so you can apply there. And I also did a live session about teaching English in Europe specifically with more details about each individual country, which was really great. And basically how to find a job there. So you can go back to that live session and there will be like the best job sites. If you want to teach English in Italy, what job sites you can look for jobs there and Turkey and Czech Republic and things like that. So check that out. But yeah. So it's possible to teach English in Europe without a decree. Certainly. Yes. Yeah. Not sure what else I could add. So those are the countries. What's good maybe that's worth mentioning for Spain and Italy what's great there also is with Europe it's like sometimes the problem for people from outside of the EU not so much in the Czech Republic and in Turkey. It's easier to get a work visa there for people from outside of the EU. But I'm not sure about Russia for Spain and Italy and also France, Germany, other popular countries in Europe. It's a lot harder to get a work visa if you're not a EU citizen. So the great thing in Spain and Italy is that they offer these like student visas. So what a lot of people do is they sign up for a Spanish language class or an Italian language class in Spain or in Italy. And then you get a student visa and this visa also allows you to work a certain amount of hours per week. So that's what a lot of teachers do, especially the first year they go, they do that and they go to Spain or to Italy do the language course and then also teach on the side because that's the legal way to do it. And we also on our blog, the link that I just shared. So that's teflacourse.net slash blog. You're going to find articles about that how to and also the FAQ FAQ page to teflacourse.net slash FAQ. If you look on there, you're going to find step-by-step instructions how to do that with the language course in Spain and in Italy and France also has that. But in France, you do need to have a degree. They don't really hire without a degree. So but they do have that language option as well. And that's like through the government as well. So that's like, you know, there's an official site and you need to apply through that. I think you also for France, you also need to speak French, at least a little bit. You need to submit an essay in French why you want to come to France and do that program. But yeah. So there you have it. Europe, Spain, Italy, Turkey, Russia and the Czech Republic are great places to teach in Europe without a university degree. OK. Good. Then next up we have Latin America. And maybe Marcia can let us know if that's the truth. So where can you teach without a university degree? And those are the countries that I found where you can find positions without having a university degree. That is Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador and Uruguay. And here also the cost of living is very low, which is great. But also the salaries tend to be quite low compared to other regions and also not that many extra benefits. So and we're still working on putting together a live session about Latin America. It's just that I've never been and I don't have experience teaching there. And so I'm still looking for somebody, a course graduate or some of our, we do have in-class TEFL centers in Latin America. So I'm looking for someone to join me together live so we can talk about Latin America. But yeah. So a lot of countries you can choose from. Latin America is a great destination for teaching. However, what a lot of people just don't like about it is the low salaries. So it can be quite tough making ends meet. You can't really save anything. That's really hard compared to East Asia or the Middle East, for example, Middle East has the highest salaries for teachers, but also the highest requirements. So you do need to have a degree there. You do need to have teaching experience. Also a degree like in English and in teaching is much preferred in the Middle East, for example. That's why you're not going to see the Middle East in today's presentation. But yeah. So that is that. And then we also, I want to mention Africa, because a lot of people actually always ask about, what about Africa? Because we never really mentioned Africa as a destination for teaching. And most of that is because it's mostly unpaid volunteer work. Certainly teaching. And it's obviously great. It's a great thing to do, you know, to go. There's a lot of programs offering like volunteer positions in Africa in different countries, specifically in Ghana, Tanzania, South Africa, Kenya, Madagascar. And you can do that without a university degree. A lot of people do that, like after, for example, after high school, even after right after college for like a gap year. But unfortunately, most of the time, Africa is just not the destination for like teaching full-time, you know, earning a good salary. So, but the cost of living is very low. All right. I have a couple of comments about Latin America. So let me just check that out. So, dynamin. Dynamin can confirm that for Mexico. It's true shame because there are many great places to live and teach in. Yeah. I think you're referring to like the salaries and that it's hard to make ends meet. Yeah. Marcia also says yes, the salaries are too low in Chile. I saw an advertisement from ITTT for teaching here. And the salary was 530 US dollars. Wow. A month. Yeah. And then you need to get an apartment. You need to, you need food. You need to live. It's rough. Yeah. Very rough. So that's why a lot of people, they would love to go to Latin America. I would love to go. I really love to go. But it's just not something really sustainable. And I think a lot of people, at least I guess the people that I meet, you know, teaching English in Korea, in Japan, in China. Those are the kinds of people who come here for the high, also for the high salaries, but also for the culture and the country. But definitely one of the biggest benefits of coming to this region are the high salaries, the great benefits. And teachers are really able to save like a thousand dollars a month from their salary, which is just great. So a lot of people pay off their student loans. They come right out of college. That's what my friend, one of my friends did. She came here for a year and saved pretty much everything she could.  So that was one thing. And obviously you can save money. You can travel a lot. So, yeah. But not really the case in Latin America. Also not the case in Africa. But you know, some people, like people are looking for different things, right? Some people are looking for being able to save a lot, travel a lot. While I think with Latin America and Africa, it's more about like the experience as a whole. I mean, I would think that, you know, volunteer teaching in Africa is like a once in a lifetime amazing experience. So it really depends on you and what you're looking for. And if Africa is calling you, if Latin America is calling you, then you should definitely do it, you know. So, yeah, Marcius is with that money. It's too complicated to live here. And I think especially right for foreigners who are not from Chile, we're not from there, so. Marcius says, you can come to my place if you want to know Chile. I would be happy to have you here. I can lend you my apartment. Oh, that is so sweet. Yes. I'm definitely going to do that. Thank you so much. I'm really going to do that. I'm going to take you up on that. Because Chile, I'd really love to see Chile, especially the South and just Latin America in general. I've always wanted to go. Yeah. Definitely, definitely. That would be amazing, especially then with local, you know, that's amazing. Thank you so much. I'm definitely going to take you up on that. You can come to Korea in return. Okay. We also have a guest room. You can stay there. Good. Okay. Then let's talk online teaching. Online teaching. So, I've got a couple of different platforms for you here where you can teach online without having a degree. So the first one is Cambly and Cambly doesn't require a degree. However, they do only hire native English speakers from US, Canada, the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and also other countries in certain circumstances. So, I'm not sure what the certain circumstances are. So just be, don't be discouraged. If you're like a fluent English speaker, definitely check out Cambly. It's worth applying, you know. The pay is 17 cents per minute, which equates to $10.20 per hour. US. Yeah. And I think Cambly is really one of the biggest platforms as well. So that's good to know. And then we have Lingoda right here. Lingoda. Lingoda is actually a leading online language school in Europe and applicants must be native English speakers. They also need to have a TEFL, TESOL, or CELTA certificate. Two years of classroom experience is also required. And the pay is between seven and 11 euros per hour. So, if you fit that description, if you have all the other requirements, but you don't have a degree, you could go for Lingoda. Then we have Schematoc. Also Schematoc only hires native English speakers that are over 18 and that have an American, British, Canadian, Australian, New Zealand, or Irish accent. You can set your own hourly charges on Schematoc, which is really great. And then Schematoc takes 20% off of your rate and you keep 80%, which is also really nice, actually. Yeah. And then we have Palfish. Palfish is another very, very big, popular online teaching platform. And there are no rules regarding the nationality of the teachers on Palfish. So that's really good. But a TEFL or TESOL is required and the average rate is between 10 and 18 US dollars per hour. So it's actually quite nice. Yeah. Palfish. So those are the online options. I'm sure there's more out there. There's so many online teaching platforms. It's impossible to cover them all. But those are like the four main ones that are ideal for people without a university degree. And also if you are a non-native English speaker, you can try out Cambly and Palfish.  So yeah, that is that. And I actually want to get back to one of the questions I read earlier and I skipped. I'm so sorry. Here, Andy, is age a factor? I hope you're still watching, Andy. I'm sorry. I didn't get back to you about that. So it depends on the country. You're 60. It depends on where you want to go. I know that for China, for example, the age limit is actually 60. It might also be 65. I need to double check. But some countries do have their retirement age, which is either 60 or sometimes 65. So it really depends on the individual country where you want to go. But also even in China because of or despite that age limit, I met people who were older than that, so I think it depends on the individual employer if they want to hire you or not. I would say with 60, it is maybe a little bit more challenging, but definitely not impossible. So it would depend on where you want to go. So you should do some research about that country, where you want to go to, and what it looks like there. You can always reach out to the local embassy. Of that country where you want to go to. So for example, the Korean embassy, the Chinese embassy near you or in your country and ask them those specifics because they would know, because also regulations, they change, sometimes change, especially for China, they change a lot. So it's kind of hard to keep up with everything. But yeah, that's what I would recommend. If you teach online. If you teach online, I'm not sure. I don't think they really specify that. I haven't seen that. I actually teach online at a platform called Cafe Talk. And there, I don't think they have any age limits because it's similar to which one was it, where you can, oh, schema talk, where you can basically set your own hourly rate. You can upload your own like lessons that you want to offer and then also how much you want to charge. And then people can book you. So with that age doesn't really matter. No, you just set up your profile, your qualifications. You write a little bit of text about yourself. You can also add some photos and a video. So that would be maybe a great way as well. So schema talk or cafe talk, that's where I teach. You can check that out. Certainly. I should have mentioned cafe talk here too because I don't think you need a degree there either. It really doesn't matter. Cafe talk is really, really good. So check that out. Good. Okay. That's the end for today. Now, if you have any more questions, feel free to leave them now into the comment box. And I also just want to mention one more time, the 30% off discount code so you can either scan this QR code or I'm just going to share that link with you one more time because a couple of people were asking about Teflon certification today. So I want to make sure that everybody knows how to get the discount. You click on this link, you fill out the application and then you see the discounted price on the next page. You can also do this tomorrow. You can do this on Monday. And whenever you want to do it, it doesn't have to be right now. It can be though. You can do it right now. But any time, yeah, if you have any other questions, feel free to reach out to ittt. Check out tefloncourse.net. There's a contact us button. You can reach out to us. My colleagues will get back to you. You can also contact me directly, especially on Instagram at Linnigo's East. Send me a message. If you have any questions, I would love to speak with you. And now is your opportunity, your chance to ask some more questions, either about today's topic or about something else, Teflon teaching, Korea, China, anything you want to know. So yeah. Let me finish my coffee now. But I hope that today was another useful session for you guys. And I just want to show you that you don't have to be a native speaker. You don't have to have a degree to teach English. You don't have to have years and years of experience. It's possible to do it without a degree. Without being a native speaker, it's possible. It's more challenging. You need to be more flexible, like we mentioned in the beginning, but it's not impossible. So don't be discouraged. All right, Diana. Diana says, I'm taking the 120-hour Teflon course. Do you recommend any other course to take? So you know, this depends on what your goals are, what you want to do, what do you want to teach later, where do you want to teach later? So I also, that was like six years ago, took the 120-hour course. And then, you know, you can take that first, and then you can always come back and take more as well. So let me just show you. Those are my certificates. Where is the 120? Here. This is the 120 that I did in 2015, yeah, six years ago. And then I got both of these. Okay, this is January 2016, where I got the Teaching English to Young Learner certificate. So I taught children at the time, and I knew that I was in China. I knew that I was going to move to Korea, and I was teaching children there as well. So I got the certificate, the 50-hour CTEYL, it's called, in short. And then just three months later, I also got the Business English certificate, and I taught Business English to people here in Korea after that. So that was really helpful. And then last year, 2020 or 2019, I can't remember, we introduced a new specialized course at ITTT, the Teaching English Online specialized course, and I also took that. And then I started Teaching English online this year. So it really depends on what you want to do, you know, what you think is the most useful. Then there's also the TESOL diploma course. That's sort of the highest level diploma course that we offer. And that one is great if you want to teach like long-term, if you sort of want to be a head teacher, if you want to have some kind of leading manager role, like in your school, then that one is really great. Or just to get like more, you know, teaching insight, more experience, more knowledge about teaching English as a foreign language than the TESOL course, the TESOL diploma is really, really great. So, yeah, I hope that was useful and answered your question. We also, that's actually a newer thing. We have a, it's called OTPCT, hold on, CTP. That is the Teaching Practice Recognition certificate. So, for example, if you already have your 120-hour, just looking for this course, the 120-hour course, which is all online, right? So then some, some school, some employers, they also want teaching practice. So then you can take that course. There's also options. And that's like an add-on. Let me, yeah. So for example, 30-hour certificate of teaching practice recognition. If you're already TESOL certified, but also lack a teaching practice component, our 30-hour CTPR is perfect for you. Yeah. So that is that. I'm going to share that in the comments so you can check it out. That's another good one to have, actually, especially for people who don't have experience yet. Here, this one. Check that out. All right. Then we have something here from Danamin. Thank you very much. You're really nice. Shirley will come back and definitely check out the courses. I'm already studying the ELT degree, but it's worth checking out other opportunities. Definitely. Yeah. And I mean, there's so many options out there. TEFL, TESOL, CELTA, DELTA, ELT. I actually don't know what ELT is. I need to look that up. So, OK. ELT, oh, ELT certificate. Advanced English Language Teaching Certificate. Yeah. See, I mean, there's so many different options out there. It's hard to choose, right? Which one should you get? So, yeah. Definitely keep your eyes open. Your options open. Feel free to come back. I'm here every week at this time. So I'd love to see you again. We're always talking about something interesting, usually. And you can also check back, like I said, in our playlists, our previous live sessions. Maybe there's something that is interesting to you as well.  English Language Teaching. Thank you. Yeah. Thanks. I didn't know that. Cool. I need to check it out. Awesome. Yeah. So, we're close to a one-hour session now.  But, yeah, today was really cool. Thanks so much for joining. Thanks so much for being so active and so positive. And good vibes. I really love going live every week. It's so much fun. We started doing that back in October last year. And in the beginning, I was really worried. I was like, oh, I don't know if I can do this.  And, like, people are mean.  And you guys are so nice. So I appreciate you. And I hope you learned something fun. Yeah. Okay. Andy, one more question. Great. For online teaching, should I do two certificate courses? For online. Okay. For online teaching. So it depends on what kind of online teaching you want to do. Do you want to teach, like, children? Or adults? Or both? So then I would recommend the 220-hour master package, which is the 120-hour course, this one, the 120-hour course, plus two specialization courses. So you can pick, for example, the teaching English online specialized course, plus either business English or teaching English to young learners. I think that would be great for you. So it depends on, do you want to teach children or adults? Then you would pick, you know, for adults, maybe the business English. Or if you want to teach children, then the young learners. But the 220-hour master package would be great, I think. That includes 120 hours, plus the online specialization, and then you can choose one of the other ones that you think fit best. Okay. Great. Awesome. I had fun. Oh, yeah. Is there one more slide? Oh, there is. Find ITTT online. Oh, and the Twitter logo didn't make it today. So, yeah. Good. I think then I'm signing off. Even if you comment on this later, I'll check it out and I'll get back to you. Or like I said, find us online. Hit us up here with your questions. Also, our FAQ section. Again, that's tafflecourse.net, slash FAQ. A lot of questions are answered there. Then on our website, the Contact Us tab. Or if you want to contact me directly, Instagram, Linnagos East, check me out. I'd love to speak with you. Yeah. Thank you, Marcia, as well. And we're really going to take you up on that offer and coming to Chile and staying at your apartment. I'm going to do that. I just need to get vaccinated. But that's another thing. All right. Yeah. See you next time as well. Don't forget the code. Yeah. If you have any topic suggestions, like someone mentioned earlier, Ilostre mentioned some grammar ideas. That would be really cool. If there's something that you really, that you're curious about, that you want me to talk about, let me know. I'm always looking for thinking about what can I talk about next to make it interesting. And yeah. Then I see you guys next week again, I hope. And yeah, stay safe. Stay happy and curious. And yeah. That's it. I'm going to start rambling now, so I'm going to sign off. Yeah. Thanks so much for watching. And I see you guys next time. Don't forget to like and subscribe. Don't forget the 30% off discount code. We only share that during our live sessions. Take a secret code. So don't forget that. And I see you next week. Bye. Bye.


Hello friends! I am Sanjay Gupta. I welcome you on my channel. You can watch various programming related videos on my channel. Here, you can find more than 800 videos. You can search these videos by a keyword programming by Sanjay Gupta. In this video, I am going to demonstrate you how to pass arguments into functions in C programming. For demonstration purpose, I am going to use the example of swapping of two variables. So whenever you want to implement functions in C programming, you have to take care of three things. First one is declaration. Second one is function call. And third one is function definition. So first I am going to write function declaration. So function declaration tells three things. First is return type which is void here. Second is name of function which is swap here. And third one is number of arguments and as well as type of arguments. So this function will be passing two arguments of integer type. So these types and quantities can be of anything. So this is declaration. After this declaration, I am going to define main function. Inside main function, I am declaring two variables A and B which will receive inputs from user. This printer will display the message enter two numbers to receive values from user. I am writing scanf. So input will be stored inside A and B. After these inputs, I am going to call swap function. So inside swap function, I am passing two arguments A and B. This statement is known as calling of function or you can say function call. So this is the second part of function after completion of main function definition. I am going to write definition of swap which is third part of function. This third part is known as definition of function. Inside this function definition, I am declaring a temporary variable R. Now I am writing the logic of swapping which is the common logic. This logic is swapping values of two variables with the help of third variable. And actually values are available in A and B. These are passed into P and Q and P and Q are swapped with the help of R. So after swapping, I am going to display the values on output screen with the help of this printf statement. So this way I have passed values of A and B into P and Q. So at line number 9, this is the function call. And from line number 11 to 18, you can see it is the function definition. So this way I have divided a particular logic into a separate function which is not written in main. So whenever you want to swap values, you can call this function into main or any other function. So this way we can implement functions in C programming and we can pass arguments. Now I am going to execute this program so that you can check whether it is working properly or not. So you can see I have passed two arguments or you can say I have provided two values 10 and 20. So 10 is first value and 20 is second value. And in output you can see value 1 is 20 and value 2 is 10. So it means values are swapped properly and the program is working fine. So this way I hope you have understood how we can pass arguments into functions in C programming. Here you can see at line number 3 void is written. So this void is representing return type here. So in my another videos you can find out what is the meaning of return type and how we can return values to functions. So don't forget to watch those videos to understand more about functions. I hope you have understood whatever I have explained in this video. If you want to watch more programming related videos, you can follow me on YouTube. You can search my YouTube channel through my name. Don't forget to subscribe my YouTube channel. Thank you for watching this video.


I'm gonna have them see if they just know the song For every song that they get, I'm gonna let them keep continuing And they're gonna get a dollar But if they choose to mess up Then it's all over and they're not getting no money You know what I'm saying? I'm not gonna lie Your boy kinda broke, my ex-wife took all my money So I'm really looking forward to not having to pay anybody But if I do, then it is what it is But it's your boy Abiscuit I'm gonna need y'all to subscribe, like, and comment In the comments below, if y'all want me to do part two Give me 2,000 likes 2,000 likes And let me know some songs you specifically want me to do In the comments I might do an unreleased version of this video You never know You know what I'm saying? But let's find people Excuse me I need y'all real quick, alright? For a dollar What is this song? It's Juice World What's the name?  Would you like to go and step up for another dollar? Yeah You can be calling by Juice World I'm just drunk I'm just drunk, my bad So would you like to go for $3? Yeah I can't Okay, you don't believe? Nah, nah, nah, nah I got this, keep listening You got it, you got it I believe in you Whoa, it didn't make it Waiting for that kid, that's the song then That's not the song Wish it well Yeah, yeah I wish it well Fine, fine Yeah, it's all Juice right now So go ahead Maze by Juice World You know what? Maze by Juice World You getting all these I'm gonna give you a hundo If you get this one It's the only time I'm doing this body for the whole video Alright, back, back, back, back It's my favorite song I don't think you're gonna get it, I ain't gonna lie What you got? Hold on, hold on, hold on It's all released No, it's released Okay Let me get the mic They waited a long time Only on the wrong time Wrong time, that's the song Excuse me, excuse me You might do me a favor Look, for one dollar Can you name this song that's playing right now? I know who it's by Who? Juice? Okay, but I know it can't be the song Hold on Okay, you know the lyrics?  I don't know, what, what, what, are you good? No No Okay, he's in the lyrics though Fuck, fuck, no Bro I can't remember What do you just say? No, yes Is that a give up? Yes, I give up It's I'll Be Fine Hey, one more question, one more question Who is in Paris? I can't, bro, come on, man Okay, but what's the song name?  Lucid Dreams Okay, man Y'all want to go up another song for another dollar?  Nah, nah, nah, nah I love it Hey, he looks like he got it over there I know the song Yeah, I ain't got it Yeah Hey, he's snapping He's snapping Fill it, fill it Sorry, y'all going for four They about, they about it You too Oh, hold up, they for that check all my money Hold up, wait, wait Okay, so what, what So are we going up to, uh, what, five? Go up again He knows these I listen to music every day, bro Huh? Yes Are you going for seven?  Okay, mate But y'all still gotta get it I'm still, and that'll be nine I'm still?   Okay, but what's the song? There you go, yeah, yeah, yeah It's Maze by Just World There you go, nigga One thing, one thing You listen to this one? Okay Is it Feeling by Just World? Yes! That's your final answer Just World's Scared of Love? That's it You got it right Yeah So y'all take them to four Or y'all gonna keep going See? I don't know if you're talking about the scene This plate? I don't know this one Candles are your final answer I don't know if it's my final answer My service, there you go Burn Biscuit, five dollars And that's the channel name So remember, the channel name is in this cash out Name this song for a dollar Uh-uh, Just World, uh-uh For a dollar For a dollar For a dollar For a bank account, you dig? Fuck, bro What is this? Bank account, you dig? Okay Actually, I don't know this one Arm to dangerous Oh, yeah, yeah You wanna do another song for another dollar? No, no, that's not it You wanna say I say what? Oh, uh I'll go to the same Oh, yeah, yeah Another dollar, y'all want another dollar?   Yeah, yeah So, are you going up?  Give me one more Five, even five Five, okay, five You can get a meal at you Don't McDonald's with that Okay, hold up, I got you I got you, I got you He said God does What is it? Already dead Okay, okay So, are y'all done? Are y'all good? We good, we good, we good, we good Okay, man, best All right, I said it's sent to you You got your five Congratulations The easiest five dollars you could have got All right, good looks Appreciate it Y'all stay safe Like the video If you enjoyed the video so far, like the video Excuse me, excuse me Mr. Waddles How do you feel about being bacon in the next two hours?  I ain't glad They sound excited to me Really?  What if they start attacking him? They run it from him They don't like him They don't like They go, why is this one darker?


And now to Betty Metzger, as a reporter for the Washington Post in 1971, she was one of the only journalists willing to cover leaked documents exposing FBI crimes, including surveillance of students, of academics, of anti-war, and civil rights activists. One of the stolen files revealed the existence of one of the FBI's illegal programs, COINTELPRO, the COINTELPRO program under J. Edgar Hoover. She's the former chair of the Department of Journalism at San Francisco State University and the author of The Burglary, The Discovery of J. Edgar Hoover's Secret FBI, Betty Metzger. I'm honored and humbled to be part of this panel that seeks justice for Julian Assange, sorely needed. I'm here with a case study, something that I think shows very clearly the great importance of protecting whistleblowers and the necessity of a free press. And it is the story of the people, the impact of the people who burglarized an FBI office in 1971 and then stole every file in the office and made them public. I've worked with them twice when I didn't know them and they sent files to me back in 1971. And then when I worked on the book, when they revealed their identity, even though the FBI had, at that time, the largest search that they had ever had and didn't find the burglars, they came out in 2014. These eight people were outside whistleblowers. They were average citizens, though they did extraordinary things. In fact, they called themselves a Citizens Commission to investigate the FBI. They had decided that because Congress and the executive branch had never carried out responsibility to oversee the FBI, they would exit oversight as citizens in order to get documentary evidence of whether the government was suppressing dissent. And they made the decision to do this after thinking very seriously about it. Three of them had very young children and they realized that if rested and convicted, they could serve many years in prison. But they thought it was so important to uncover what this hidden, all-powerful agency was doing that they decided to break into an office. They used tools quite different from what the tools of today's whistleblowers. Instead of multiple thumb drives or vast spaces on the internet, their tools were a crowbar, a car jack, large suitcases, flashlights, and getaway cars, and eventually copiers. But their motivation, their motivation was the same as the motivation of other whistleblowers, get important information to the public about injustices being done secretly by the government. They found what they were looking for, evidence of massive suppression of dissent. But they also found, and I should say, it's important, and this was 52 years ago, and nobody prior to that was writing about anything about intelligence agencies. It was assumed both by the government, by Congress, the people who should have had oversight, and by journalists that they had an obligation to let those agencies keep their secrets. There was no accountability. In the files that these people released, was it one thing was a shocking policy, enhance the paranoia, get the point across there's an agent behind every mailbox. They also found campus employees were hired as FBI informers to inform on students and faculty, and every black student on at least one campus in the Philadelphia area was under FBI surveillance. They also found that Hoover operated a massive Stasi-like program throughout the country against black Americans. Every agent in the country was forced to participate and had to hire an informer to create files on black people, to be black in Hoover's mind was to be dangerous and therefore subject to surveillance by the FBI. They also discovered that Hoover maintained a security index, an ever-expanding list of people believed by Hoover to be subversive and who were to be secretly detained by the FBI during a national emergency. Calls for congressional investigation of Hoover and FBI died less than two months after the burglary. Congress had no appetite for this. But thanks to NBC reporter Carl Stern, a congressional investigation later became imperative. Without Carl's determined effort to find out what COINTELPRO was, those bureau operations regarded eventually as the worst might never have been revealed. Carl would like to have been here with us today and I wish he could have been, but he has a very serious case of COVID. As a result of his successful lawsuit in December 1973, journalists were now armed with the stated purpose of COINTELPRO to secretly expose, disrupt, and neutralize political movements and they began requesting COINTELPRO files and they started pouring out. The public now learned for the first time that the FBI conducted lawless operations that range from crude to cruel to life-threatening and murder. Prostitutes known to have venereal disease were hired to infect campus activists. FBI informers were coached to give false testimony against innocent people, people known to be innocent to the person testifying, testimony that led to convictions and decades in prison for the falsely accused, most of them black people. A plot was designed to cause Martin Luther King to commit suicide and murder. An FBI informer provided the Chicago police with the crucial information that made it possible for police to shoot Fred Hampton dead as he slept. In January 1975, thanks to all this information that came out, both the House and the Senate opened investigations of FBI and all intelligence agencies. It was the first time Congress had done such a thing. At hearings, high FBI officials testified under oath that Bureau officials had never considered the legality or ethics of COINTELPRO or any other operations. These hearings and the reforms the senators successfully recommended would not have happened without whistleblowers who risked their freedom and a free press that reported their important revelations and ultimately a Congress that finally was willing to act, including establishing permanent intelligence oversight committees and strengthening the Freedom of Information Act. All of these reforms, as probably everybody in the room knows, have been battered and bruised at various times since then, but they exist and they are still valuable. It was Joe Biden's Congress that put in place the reforms that flowed from the media burglary. The Biden administration surely knows from the very important revelations made by whistleblowers in the past that this source of crucial information must not only not be threatened, but must be protected. To continue the prosecution of Mr. Assange under the Espionage Act of 1917 could not only continue Mr. Assange's imprisonment for decades, it also could, in violation of the Constitution, gut the First Amendment rights of journalists. A radical result that surely neither President Biden nor Attorney General Garland wants to have as their legacy. Thank you.


Hello everybody and welcome to this episode of Anabaptist Perspectives. I'm here today at Faith Builders Christian School with John Mark Coons. John Mark, thanks for joining us. Welcome. Good to be here. Today we want to talk about learning and you've been here as a teacher for a number of years now. Before we get started, can you just tell us, our audience probably doesn't really know anything about you. Can you just tell us a little bit about yourself and just a brief introduction of your life before we get started here? Yeah, definitely. I was born in Illinois as an Amish boy. My family left the Amish when I was very young and we moved around to various places. Went to Faith Mission home for a couple of years and then landed in Ohio. And that's where I grew up in Middlefield, Ohio. I became interested in medicine and decided to go to college for that. So after I graduated from high school, I went to Hiram College, which was a local school, a private school, I think a thousand students total or something. And graduated from there and I felt myself kind of falling away from the faith and decided I didn't want that. So I took a gap year between college and med school and a gap year grew into multiple years and I've never gone back. So I fell into teaching then. I think my second year out of college, I started teaching at a little school in Colorado. Taught there for two years, moved here to teach here at Faith Builders and I've been here now for this is my 12th year. So can you tell us a bit about your teaching experience here and your work? What sort of things are you passionate about? Do you care about? You're obviously making a career of it. So yeah, what gets you up in the morning? What type of things do you really care about here in the classroom? I care about whatever the latest thing is that I care about. I have a wide range of interests and so I have hobbies that just kind of go across the range. But what gets me up in the morning during the school year is my students. I love being with students. I teach ninth and tenth grade and they're at just the right age where they're old enough to be thinking about their lives after school. But they haven't gotten close enough yet to where they've given up on school. So they're just that perfect age and so it gives me tremendous energy to see them walking through the doors every morning. Just get to interact with them. Really, you're starting to see the individual, the adult in them start to wake up and start to become its own form and come to its own. Yeah, but they still have enough of that natural curiosity that children have that they can get into things. You're energized by it, but it also is a very demanding sort of job. And you're just giving constantly. As you have spent time in the classroom and as you maybe come to the end of the day and look back on the day or at the end of the school year reflecting on the past year, how do you define success in the classroom? Because there's so many hard to quantify things about teaching. I mean, you have grades, but you care about impacting them as a person and helping them develop as an individual. So in what ways can success as a teacher be defined? How do you go about quantifying that? You know, that's actually a question that gets harder and easier to answer over time. I think it was in my third year of teaching, I was talking with somebody and he asked me why I teach. And I said that when I explain a concept and a student gets it and the light comes on in their eyes, they got it. I said, that's the best feeling in the world. He can't replace that feeling. And he just looked at me and I said, well, what happens when they stop doing that? I didn't know because that was the thrill that was keeping me going. I think it was the next year I had one of my worst years ever and didn't get that. It was a full year of giving as deeply as I knew how to give and getting nothing in return. It was a really awful year. But I came to the end of the year and I realized that I have a better answer now for why I teach. And it's not because of those individual moments of success. You do get those and they're great that still you can't replace that feeling. But it's actually, it's more than that. My passion is that my students change in several ways. Obviously, most primary would be that they become more like Jesus. But what that means is that's not as easy to quantify. I wonder sometimes what would happen if in my classroom they just replaced me with somebody who, just a random warm body that pulled off the street. And I think one of the differences would be hopefully that they become, that they're not as much like Jesus as what I'm able to influence them in. And the way I try to do that is not by preaching more because students don't react well to preaching. It has to be something that comes out of my own life. And I have to recognize that my own life in Christ is the only way that they're going to be inspired to seek it themselves. So when you ask what is success in a student or in teaching, one is that over time students become more like Jesus. That's kind of the short version of that long answer. On a more academic side, one of the things that I look for in my students is that over time they become better thinkers. And again, that's not a very well-defined term. Just like, what does it mean to be like Jesus isn't well-defined? What does it mean to be a better thinker? That's also not that well-defined. I can know when it's not happening. Students get taken in by conspiracy theories. They get waylaid by people selling fake products. They fall into a lot of traps, a lot of intellectual traps. And I want my students to have that sense of, that doesn't quite make sense. I think I heard one recently that people in Hollywood are harvesting children and taking something out of their blood. Killing them, taking something out of their blood and taking it as a pill to stay young. It's wild, but people believe this and they probably wouldn't if they would just stop and think a little bit. That actually doesn't make sense. And so I want my students to have that when they hear something outrageous or extraordinary that they ask for the evidence and they ask for why you would believe this. It's almost cultivating a constructive criticism or critical thinking is what you'd call it. And it's not just a rejection of everything either because our world is full of really, really remarkable things and they ought to believe those remarkable things. But they understand what kind of support would be required for a remarkable claim. And too often, not just students, adults take shortcuts and believe things because somebody we trust believes it or we believe things because we want to believe it or I mean there's a whole range of reasons why we believe things that aren't so. I have to recognize too that in my cell I have those tendencies and so I want my students to recognize that in themselves. And grow over time. This is a bit of a side tangent, but something I was just thinking about as you were talking about developing that skill of discernment really is and maybe I'm just speaking for myself, but I tend to find that when I'm online and I look something up I tend to believe that maybe a bit quicker than what I would if I just asked somebody in person. And I don't know if you find that true or not or if you have any thoughts on why that might be the case. Why do we tend to trust the computer, the internet more than we would another human telling us something in face to face? It's been said that an expert is somebody who comes more than 150 miles to say what they have to say. And that I think that we have that effect that if if we hear somebody say something with a lot of confidence they demonstrate confidence and we know nothing else about them. We tend to take those social cues that confidence breeds confidence in us. So something that's in a book we generally tend to believe because it's gone through an editorial process. It's gone. We hope most books have been vetted by somebody. It's not just somebody saying whatever they feel like saying. And a lot of us take that same believingness, if I can coin a word, to our online things, the stuff we read. In real life we have context for the other person like, oh, okay, you're a teacher. So if you're giving techniques about teaching, well, I know you've taught for, you know, over a decade. And I can probably trust that what you're saying has been battle tested.  And if you start telling me how to build a house, you're right. We have that in-person context to give weight. And that's really part of the judgment process of determining truth in a matter. And I think you're right. I think there's a tendency to give the same weight to text that's in a book as what some random person published on their blog. And when we phrase it that way, we say that's nonsense. Like we shouldn't do that, but I think it is a subconscious thing we tend to do. Yeah, I read a book recently entitled How We Know What Isn't So. And the author goes through a number of psychological reasons why we believe things that just simply aren't the case. And it includes things like the confirmation bias. I go online looking for, well, I say I'm going to do my own research, right? But what I'm really doing is I'm looking for any kind of confirmation of what I already believe or what I want to believe. And so there are a number of others as well. And when we go online, we can find somebody to defend pretty much any point we want. I mean, you can pick a bizarre point and you can find somebody to defend it or agree with you. So let's circle back a little bit more to the classroom again. And another question I have with teaching and with students, you talk about that light bulb moment for the student and that's rewarding to you. And I think a student feels rewarded in those moments too. This work that I'm putting in is paying off. Can you speak to how you instill a love of learning into somebody? Because some people don't seem, at least immediately, to be energized by those light bulb moments. They don't tend to care about those. And I'm sure you have different students with different levels of that and that can be affected by personality and just ease of learning. But how do you rub off on them and just give them this fascination and curiosity and wanting to learn this desire to learn? Ultimately, I can't. When it comes down to it, the student has to decide how they're going to approach things. And there are a lot of factors, again, that go into how a student approaches the learning process. Part of it can be their home environment. If learning is valued at home, then a student is more likely to value it at school. There are other factors outside of my control that play into how a student approaches learning. What I try to do is make the learning process enjoyable. So that calls me to teach as well as I can as clearly and as winsomely as I can. I try to give them opportunities as well to explore areas of interest on their own. So in my earth science course, for example, my students always get the opportunity to independently research some issue with the earth's environment, so then they pick a whole range of things. You know, it might be extinction, it might be the great garbage patches in the oceans. It could be glaciers melting, any number of issues that they pick from. But they get to pick something that's interesting to them. And then I try to offer good support for that so that they don't get frustrated in the process. I'm still learning on this one. I thought when I started that if I just love learning enough, the students will kind of pick it up naturally. And I'm learning that that's not actually the case. It helps if I love learning, if I can just be bleeding or hemorrhaging with the love of learning. Hopefully they'll bleed a little bit then. But I actually do need to work specifically at that problem because a lot of times students will put out minimal effort. I mean, humans do that. You know, given the opportunity we slouch in our chairs, we put out the least effort possible for whatever task is set for us. And the same thing can be true of students, that they see education, they see the school as giving them a set of tasks, they do the tasks and as a reward they get the grade.  Very transactional. Yeah, right. Students can see school, if they see school that way, just strictly as a transactional interaction, then they're not going to start picking it up on their own. And on a job site, you want an employee who really cares about how this house is built, who's thinking ahead, who's taking on the project themselves. They see it as more than just, I'm doing this job so that I get my paycheck. That doesn't happen naturally on a job site and it also doesn't happen naturally in school. You have to work at it specifically as either the boss or as a teacher. You've helped quantify some of the success that you feel you have in the classroom. How do you see that translating into a community or families or churches? How is success in the classroom impacting those areas? It's not always as obvious as you wish. I think that the school is an arm of the church, that we exist to serve the church. We actually see ourselves as part of a three-part team. We have the parents, the church and us working together to grow these students up into mature adults. I don't think that it's always directly measurable the impact that we have. There are some obvious ways. So we teach our students how to lead singing and that translates directly into the church environment. We give them or they take a public speaking class and that translates directly into something that benefits the church. Both of those get recognized by the local churches. They say, hey, your students are doing really well with their presentations at church. More broadly though, if our students walk out of here and are not able to serve their church, they are selfish and short-sighted and unable to really plug into church, we see that as a failure. Even if they go off and have highly successful careers, but are unable to give themselves fully to serving the kingdom, that's a failure. Again, it's that character side that you can't measure with a test. That can actually be really frustrating, honestly, because we'll have students who can give all the right answers on a test, but then when they go home, they don't live it. So I guess the short answer again is that they live the faith that we try to teach. It takes a long time before you can actually see whether you were successful or not. And of course, even then, there are so many things outside of school that impact where a student ends up. We had a student that was headed in a very, very bad direction. Actually, that really bad year that I referenced, we had multiple students who were just headed in terrible directions, and we were trying to stop them. And of those, several turned out very well. They're doing very, very well. Others continued in their decline for a long time. And are coming back now, but we can't get any of the credit for that. And I don't think we should. Success as a teacher is not as easy to measure as success as a builder. But you can kind of get a sense for how you're doing over time. One other aspect of teaching in a community is that as I said earlier, we exist to serve the church. If we truly believe that, then when the church wants us to go a specific direction, we have to go that direction. And there are times when we would rather do something different, the church leaders say, no, we really want you to go this specific direction, and we can't be the tail wagging the dog. We obey. Can you just clarify that a little bit when you say going this direction? Are you speaking to the church saying, hey, we need more of this type of learning? Or are you speaking in academic ways? Well, kind of. So just as one example, the King James Version is a translation that's been around for 400 years. And it uses language that is hard for young children to understand. We have Bible memory here. And I think that if we just took a poll among the teachers, we would memorize the new King James or a translation that uses more modern language. But our churches aren't there. They want the King James, and so that's what we memorize, the King James. So that's just an example of the type of thing that I'm talking about. Sure. But in various ways, realizing that you are together. You're helping to build people and develop people. And there is a back and forth relationship there. They're tied together in some way and need to be sensitive to each other. That's great. Okay. Thank you for all the thoughts and insights that have been thought provoking. I'd like to just ask in closing, if you have any stories that you'd like to share from your decade plus of being here, I'm sure with that many years of teaching, you have many stories you could share, but are there any specifically that you would like to give today? When I think back about my career, I actually think a lot about the mistakes that I've made along the way and the ways that I've learned from those mistakes. As a young teacher, I was, well, I made many, many mistakes. So maybe I'll just tell you about one of the mistakes I made. I was, I went into the classroom my first year and I thought that if I treat my students as adults, that they'll act like adults. I had sixth through eighth grade, so three kind of middle school grades. And I thought, one of the things that I thought about was that they might want to pass notes and I didn't really care about passing notes. I thought that, you know, if they're adults, that they'll manage this just fine. I made the mistake of announcing that I didn't care if they passed notes. It's one thing to not actually care. It's another thing to announce it to students because then they started passing notes. It's like giving permission. Yeah, right. And so I would see one slip a note to another one and say, you're going to have to be sneakier than that. You know, kind of make a joke about it. Well, one day I was cleaning the classroom after school and I found a note from one of the boys to one of the girls saying, I'm looking at you or something like that.  So they were flirting with each other. Well, that was not okay with me. So I announced the next day I said, all right guys, no more passing notes. And if you pass notes, if somebody passes you a note, then you have to turn it in because you're an accomplice to the crime if you keep it. You need to turn your friends in. Big, big mistake. They didn't rebel openly. They were good kids, you know. But that night when I was cleaning the classroom, I found another note that said friends will never rat on friends. And I realized, oops, you know. So multiple mistakes at once. You never announce that students have permission to do things. You really don't want them to do but you're just not going to police it. And then secondly, if you make a switch, you have to go about it very carefully and never ever try to turn students on each other because that doesn't work. They'll turn against you in a heartbeat. I was there for two years. We still all are in the same community.  They are logical enough to know that when it comes down to it, their friendships with each other are more important than a friendship with a teacher. We live and we learn and it's a process. We really all are students of life and I think that's what you really are trying to instill in people is a love of learning and a curiosity and equipping them for a lifetime of learning. It doesn't stop after they graduate or leave your classroom but you're wanting to equip them to continue pursuing knowledge and wisdom and excellence in many ways as they seek to serve God in his kingdom, where he's called them. Well, thank you very much for sharing your thoughts today and appreciate your time. And thank you to each one for tuning in and I look forward to seeing you in the next episode.


and Beethoven, and these amazing musicians. We are fortunate that our third composer, Mahler, not only composed great music, but also had a permission about sustainable development. More than 100 years ago, he composed a song. More than 100 years ago, he composed a song about sustainable development, not about one sustainable development goal, but about two. Number four, quality education. And number 14, Life Below Water. His song is about a far-reaching goal of offering quality education to life below water. But this begs the question, is there interest in quality education below water, or otherwise? Let's listen and find out.