So last time we met we talked about iterative reconvolution and how to fit data. So today we will try to learn 2 things first is what do we fit the data to and second how do we know that the fitting is good or not. I mean if we look at the data looking at it we might be able to say that this is a good fit or this is not a good fit but the question is computer does not have eyes how does the computer know whether the fit is good or otherwise but before we go there let us discuss the data fitting models. So after all if you remember we had said that in the simplest case scenario we have a single exponential decay and we said that in more complicated scenario the most popular way of fitting data not necessarily always the correct way of fitting data is by a multi exponential function and I think we are more or less familiar with this kind of functions. The first one here I of t is equal to I at 0 multiplied by e to the power minus t by tau this is the simplest way you can fit the data I out at t is the fluorescence intensity at time t I at 0 is a fluorescence intensity at time of excitation or 0 time and tau is a lifetime. So this is essentially the integrated rate law for a first order process it cannot get any simpler than this but then we said that it is not necessary that life will be so simple and we can have more complicated data. So as of the first kind of complication we can think of is in the form of a multi exponential data. Let us say you have several independent decay pathways then what do you get I at time t after excitation is the same I at time 0 but now this is multiplied by not one exponential term but rather a linear combination or weighted average or weighted sum of several exponential terms I can have several values 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 100, 200 in principle it can have any number and then you will have as many exponential terms and as many amplitudes square of amplitudes as you know gives the contribution. Now the thing is if you increase the number of exponential terms generally you would get a better decay a better fit because there is something called over parametrization. So first question to ask is is my decay single exponential or is it not how do you know whether it is single exponential or not the best way to do that is to make a similar plot where y axis counts is in logarithmic scale x axis time is in linear scale and have a look at it what will the shape of this curve be if it is a single exponential decay is going to be a straight line and if it is not a single exponential decay then it will not be a straight line. So that is the first question to ask so if it is a straight line then actually if you fit it to 2 or 3 exponential terms then it will still fit very well but it would not make any sense. So first thing that one needs to do is a visual inspection and by visual inspection the first thing to ask is whether it is at all exponential single exponential or whether it is more complicated of course looking at the decay you will never be able to tell whether it is by exponential or tri exponential or what you can only tell whether it is single exponential or not. Now what are the implications of these terms let us start with the discussion of the single exponential decay tau we have discussed tau already so what is the meaning of tau can you tell me tau is called the lifetime that is right why is it called the lifetime because it is average time spent by the molecule in its excited state and that is something that was given to you as a homework you are supposed to work it out it is worked out in standard textbooks like that of Lakovic principles of fluorescence spectroscopy by Lakovic and then this lifetime tau is also related to some other quantity that we have discussed very early on in this course and what is that quantity so let us put it this way if lifetime is longer do you expect the fluorescence to be more intense or less instant intense then you expect to be more intense why because of this simple relationship that Phi f the fluorescence quantum yield is equal to K r multiplied by tau what is K r here it is a radiative rate constant what a question here very often in literature you will see people you say it is radiative rate but let us not forget that it is a radiative rate constant so please be careful and remember it is a rate constant and not rate alright now this radiative rate constant is related to some fundamental quantities that we might have studied in spectroscopic courses during our MSc or something can you tell me what the radiative rate constant is related with Einstein's coefficient which one actually if it is related to it will be related to be also Einstein say coefficient is the coefficient for spontaneous emission but then that is also linearly related to be and what is be related to be when you say be Einstein's be coefficient it is for stimulated transition between two states right upward transition or downward transition so what about upward transition is there a be associated with it they are actually equal right B12 equal to B21 in terms of experiment what is the experimental quantity that is associated with B12 where one is the lower level two is the higher level for absorption the Einstein's be coefficient for absorption which experimental quantity should it be related to yes louder please so what is it called okay of course it is related to transition moment integral but there is a that is something that you get from quantum mechanics what is it that I can get using some instrument experimentally without knowing any quantum mechanics perhaps that will be related to the radiative rate constant molar extinction coefficient molar absorption coefficient that would be related to the radiative rate constant okay and there is a relationship between the two which once again you can study we are not going to go into the detail right now so the good thing about knowing fluorescence quantum yield from steady state measurement and lifetime from a time result measurement is that you can work out the radiative rate constant more importantly 1-5f is equal to Knr multiplied by tau so you can work out the non radiative rate constant so as you go further in our discussions we will see that we will more and more want to know what is the rate constant associated with some non radiative process that takes place in the excited state of a molecule and this is how we will get the answer. Now the problem is we get the answer very nicely if it is a single exponential decay the moment it is multi exponential situation becomes complicated so when it is multi exponential what is the implication of AI what is the implication of tau I let us ask that question now and the answer is AI multiplied by tau I gives you the contribution of the ith component to fluorescence intensity. Now this point needs to be understood very clearly in order to go further ahead in the discussion of time result fluorescence spectroscopy so AI into tau I so I is some component right so let us think like this that will use this example once again a little later let us think that there are 2 components tau 1 and tau 2 tau 1 is because of a fluorophore that is free and tau 2 is due to the same fluorophore that is bound to say cyclo-dextrin or protein or something like that and tau 2 is longer than tau 1 okay what will be the intensity will the intensity be more will the intensity be less that depends not only on tau 1 and tau 2 but also on how much of it is bound how much of it is free let us say only 20% of the fluorophore is bound to cyclo-dextrin and let us say for the free form of the fluorophore lifetime is 1 nanosecond for the bound form lifetime is 10 nanosecond what will be the intensity if 20% is bound and what will be the intensity if 80% is bound naturally intensity will be much more when 80% is bound where does that come from that comes from here that contribution of the ith component to fluorescence intensity is actually AI multiplied by tau I tau I remember is an intrinsic quantity lifetime characteristic quantity but AI is the contribution and this can have actually severe implication suppose think of a nanoparticle that we have made which is almost completely non-fluorescent the only fluorescence that it is well only photo luminescence it has is due to some trap states right so let us say that the time for recombination of electron and hole in the nanoparticle is something like 1 picosecond 1 picosecond is a small time so fluorescence intensity should be low but let us say there is some trap state and concentration of trap states is really very low but lifetime of the trap state is 100 nanosecond what will the photo luminescence of this nanoparticle be due to mainly the trap state which is very few in number or the intrinsic bandage recombination of electron and hole which is taking place all the time in photo luminescence you will actually see a much greater contribution of the trap state because this lifetime is 100 nanosecond but this is only an example there are cases in which a small AI can be overcome by a large tau i like what we just discussed there are cases in which a small tau i can be overcome by a large AI think of an extreme case think of say warfarin is a very common fluorophore that is used in fluorescence study of protein lifetime of free warfarin is something like 100 picosecond lifetime of bound warfarin is about 2 nanosecond now let us say I have very little protein almost all the warfarin is free will intensity be high or low it will be low because then this tau i tau 1 100 picosecond that component will have almost 100% contribution AI will be large for it but when it is bound to protein even if say 10% of it is bound to protein then what will happen the contribution the fluorescence intensity will be much more because lifetime has now increased from 100 picosecond to 2000 picosecond 2 nanosecond 20 fold increase so what the composite intensity will be is governed by the relative values of amplitude as well as lifetime so AI tau i remember is the contribution of the i th component to fluorescence intensity so what is steady state that what is the steady state intensity see when we talked about a single exponential decay we could easily correlate the quantum yield which is a measure of steady state intensity with lifetime can we do some such correlation in case of multi exponential decay let us see in case of multi exponential decay will you agree with or for any decay actually with I hope you agree with me when I say that the steady state intensity is integral of intensity at sometime t from time 0 to infinity after excitation of course when I say 0 to infinity I write infinity only to make it a general statement it is not really infinity for all practical purposes what is infinity infinity is the point where the decay has become almost 0 see if it is an exponential or multi exponential decay it becomes 0 asymptotically but for all practical purposes suppose I at time 0 is 5000 counts and then you go to 10 nanosecond and there you see that the intensity has become 5 counts so 5 is much much lesser than 5000 so you set it to almost 0 so what we are saying is intensity of steady state is really integral of I of t dt for limits 0 to infinity of time or rather we can say that it is the area under the decay of course we are talking about a particular wavelength is this understood that steady state intensity at any particular emission wavelength is the area under the decay or it is the integral from 0 to infinity of I of t then let us substitute the expression since I at 0 is a constant it comes out and I can take this summation outside the integral so I get I at time 0 sum over I A I integral e to the power minus 1 by tau I dt okay and an advantage of setting the limits from 0 to infinity is that this becomes a standard integral solution of which is known and when we put the solution we get something like this I steady state is I at time 0 I miss that 0 in brackets here sorry about that this 0 has become small I at time 0 sum over I A I tau I or we can write I at time 0 is equal to I steady state divided by sum over I A I tau I so here is a correlation between steady state intensity and the lifetimes the take home message is that it is not enough to look at only lifetimes you have to look at their amplitudes as well contributions as well but actually it is better to stop here and not get over enthusiastic and take it a little further like say 80% of people do in fluorescence spectroscopy so what you see is that almost all the decays are fitted to multi exponential function and everywhere people happily work with what they call average lifetime this thing that you see average lifetime is sum over I A I tau I divided by sum over I A I dimensionally this is fine right because this will have the magnitude of time but this amplitude weighted average lifetime to be honest has no meaning other than steady state intensity so it basically gives you a measure of steady state intensity and if you are going to talk about steady state intensity only then what is the point of doing a time result measurement in the first place so as far as possible it is better to avoid using average lifetimes and also this is not really average lifetime what is really average lifetime is this intensity weighted average lifetime sum over I A I square tau I square divided by sum over I A I tau I so you see here the denominator is actually the total intensity so this average lifetime may have some meaning so it is related to the area under the curve but then from here trying to work out the radiative rate constant non-radiative rate constant is not a very sensible thing to do because after all you are saying that different lifetimes are associated with different processes which would have different non-radiative constants or radiative constants or whatever so if you take an average lifetime all that individual information and implication everything is lost so if we have to work with multi exponential decay if we have to use average lifetime for some reason then let us not try to take it too far and work out the rate constants in the first place now they are not completely useless this amplitude weighted lifetimes actually are used when you talk about say a forced resonance energy transfer that is where this amplitude weighted lifetime have some application but generally it is not really correct to talk to call this the average lifetime this is average lifetime lifetime if at all and it is not very useful that being said let us move over to something that is more complicated and therefore closer to reality many times so next model we want to discuss is distribution of lifetimes and this distribution of lifetimes is a much better model than sum of exponent but the problem is this when you do sum of exponential then what you imply is that you have that many lifetimes discreetly but sometimes that may not be the case suppose you have a range of micro environments you do not have a 01 situation you have some kind of a micro heterogeneous medium where you have graded polarity or graded viscosity say there is a polymer right and maybe at the core the polymer is very dense and on the outside it is not dense at all and let us say your fluorophore is distributed from core to the end many places now a multi exponential model is not valid if it is simply bound versus free then it is valid but even when you go back to this bound versus free model that we used think of some fluorophore that is bound to a protein it is not always the case that it is bound specifically to one side and experiences one kind of environment more often than not you can have non-specific binding and if it is non-specific binding then even bound fluorophores actually experience different kinds of environments or in other words the experience a distribution of environment when we say environment it might be convenient if we talk in terms of say polarity we are all familiar with say dielectric constant even though dielectric constant is not a good parameter of polarity in micro heterogeneous media but still for the sake of simplicity let us say dielectric constant. Let us say our fluorophore is bound to a protein non-specifically and it experiences a range of dielectric constants the model dielectric constant let us say is 20 and there is a distribution say 20 plus minus 5 that is a distribution and a distribution is going to have some kind of a shape it can be a Gaussian fungal distribution it can be a Lorentzian distribution it can be two-sided exponential it can be whatever but some distribution function may be there for such a case a better fitting function than the mundane multi exponential model is distribution of lifetimes and here you need to look at the function little carefully because it might actually look like a multi exponential function to the untrained eye I at time t is equal to 0 integral 0 to infinity alpha tau e to the power minus 1 by tau t by tau d tau please note it is not dt of course an integration is a summation but here alpha tau means distribution function of lifetime and we are integrating over lifetime okay I have not written the distribution function explicitly because you might have to use different distribution function depending on what kind of system it is but this is more often than not a much better fitting model than a multi exponential one see a multi exponential function might fit your decay I am not saying it would not fit because as I might have said in this course I have actually seen an elephant shape of an elephant drawn by a clever combination of 30 exponential functions using a sufficient number of exponential functions perhaps you can draw a self-portrait or also if you play with the amplitudes correctly and if you play with the ships correctly but that would not mean anything is an elephant made up of 30 exponential functions does it even make sense it is funny right it is laughable similarly just because your decay might fit to a multi exponential function does not mean that it is the correct model to use and if you are going to do a quantitative study if you are going to extract as much juice as you can from your lifetime data then it is important to go beyond the convenient multi exponential model and think what your system is like and think what kind of a fitting model would be appropriate for your system and fortunately this distribution of lifetime and all they actually come with commercial data fitting packages now in our lab we have two programs one is from Pico Kwan the other is from IBH which is now Kauriva Javini one both the programs I believe have this option of fitting to a distribution of lifetimes it is more difficult it takes more time it requires more playing around but it is doable of course if you use a better algorithm then it is easier to do it but maybe we will postpone that discussion until we talk about actual data fitting and goodness of fit let us move on this distribution of lifetime is often a better model to use depending on what kind of system you are looking at but as we discussed it is also more complicated model multiple exponential is easier in fact even fitting is easier so often what we do is and these programs usually have a provision of letting you do it often what you do is you try to get away with the trouble of using explicitly a distribution function like Gaussian Lorentz and etc by instead using a large number of exponential function of course at this point it might be a little confusing because 10 minutes ago I was saying not very kind things about multiple exponential functions and here I am saying that you can fit the data to a large number of exponential functions but bear with me for a while it will start making sense so what you do is you fit to a large number of exponential functions but what you do is that you tell the system what the lifetimes are so you fit to not 2 exponential or 3 exponential function fit to 100 exponentials if your computer and if your program are good enough fit to 1000 exponentials and use a wide range something like this use fixed lifetimes so the way you fit now is that you say that the lifetimes I have are 0.1 nanosecond 1 nanosecond 10 nanosecond 100 nanosecond so on and so forth usually they are arranged logarithmically not 10 after 1 but logarithmically so that you can look at small lifetimes as well as large lifetimes okay and you fit your data to this function where all these values are forcibly preset so what is the only play you have what is the only parameter that is going to change the amplitudes right AI so what you will get is you will get if you are using 100 lifetimes you will get 100 amplitudes now what you do is you plot the amplitude against lifetime right and then you get plots like this this is actual data taken from this 2000 cell molecule biology paper so here you see at the looked at different emission wavelengths 300 nanometer 320 nanometer 380 nanometer note the y axis amplitude note the x axis lifetime and here of course they are not going to 100 nanosecond rather they have gone from less than 0.1 nanosecond do not ask me how they did it using time correlated single photon counting up to say 10 nanosecond and if you look carefully at the x axis can you see that it is logarithmic it is logarithmic because you want to look at 0.1 because 0.1 nanosecond kind of lifetime as well as 5 6 nanosecond kind of lifetime if it is not logarithmic you are going to miss this so you see let us not worry about what is what fk bp 59 is some kind of a protein but what you see is at 380 nanometer you have 2 kinds of lifetimes something that is very small 0.1 nanosecond or so something that is quite large say what is this 2 3 4 5 6 6 nanosecond and there is a distribution about 6 nanosecond there is a distribution about 0.1 nanosecond as well that means that first of all there are 2 broad kinds of environments moreover within each of the kind of environment there are sub domains that is why you get this distribution and one reason why if you can if you have the capability of fitting your data to 100 exponentials one way this approach is better than using an explicit distribution is that how do you know what the distribution is how do you know that it is Gaussian look at what we see here is this Gaussian is actually log normal kind of distribution but there is no way in which I can know beforehand whether it is going to be Gaussian Lorentzian log normal what right so good thing about fitting your data to many exponential model where lifetime is fixed amplitude is varied and you make a plot of amplitude versus lifetime is that you do not care about what the kind of distribution is but it comes out automatically in your result right here you see that the short lifetime but of course this may not be log normal also because do not forget the x axis is not linear it is actually logarithmic so I do not know what it is but the point is I am not working with any particular kind of distribution whatever is the distribution is expected to show up in the process now when you go from 380 nanometer to 320 nanometer now what do you see now this 0.1 nanosecond kind of component is completely gone rather you have a broad in fact if you work out the area under this one and this one I do not know which one will be more I do not know even more because the scale is logarithmic but here you have quite a good distribution around say 0.3 nanosecond so the 0.1 nanosecond component is gone you get a 0.3 nanosecond component and you have this distribution there we have something new between 1 and 2 nanosecond and that also has a broad distribution and whatever you had earlier is there but now what it appears is that this thick edge that you had has given way to a completely new distribution that is there okay I do not know what the system is and at the moment I do not care just trying to show you some data and trying to discuss what this data would mean now when you go to 300 nanometer what do you see you see that this 0.3 nanosecond component that had come that is now the major component it has some distribution but it is not so much of course you can see that here full width half maximum is several nanosecond here full width half maximum is hundreds of picosecond of course you have to work out percentage so now this 200 300 picosecond component is the major one this long component has become very small and this one has also gone down compared to what it is okay so here I hope we have been able to convey that by doing this kind of data fitting we actually get a wealth of information that we do not get if we mindlessly fit our data to double exponential or triple exponential model and resort to your average lifetime that means nothing this actually tells you what your system is like okay so what we have learned so far is that more often than not you might have to work with a system where you have a distribution of lifetimes the one way of handling distribution of lifetimes is to use a specific distribution danger of that is that that may not be the case other way of doing it is go back to good old multi exponential function but this time plot amplitude versus lifetime and do not stop at 2 and 3 since you are doing multi exponential go all the way and fit to 100 exponential but for that you have to have a good computer you have to have stout algorithm we will talk a little bit about algorithm towards the end okay but here we take a break and we come back in the next module and continue with more data fitting models and there we also learn about goodness of print.


Next question is from Howie's mom. What is the benefit of doing an exercise sitting versus standing? Oh, yeah No, this is a great hi to howie. Yeah This is a great conversation because you see bodybuilders often We'll talk about doing things seated because they say things like they could feel the muscle more They can concentrate more on the connection then you hear like functional trainers and athletes talk about doing things standing Mm-hmm because of the stability component because they're engaging more of their body, right? Okay, which one is better? This is gonna be one of those situations where I'm gonna say they're both good They both have their value Training standing or training seated trains different recruitment patterns now you can work the biceps both ways But there's a recruitment pattern that is involved with the whole body and here's what ends up happening This is the funny thing. I remember when I used to think doing an overhead press standing was harder For example, then it's seated overhead press. I thought oh, yeah You're not gonna be able to lift as much standing as you can seated and that's because I always did him seated Then I did them always standing. In fact, I almost always do overhead presses standing now I can press more standing than I can't see it and all the highlights is you get you get good at one versus the other one But they do the most of yeah, but they both have their value I mean how do I toggle just how I feel right so because I think they both have value It's it's like some days. I'm in like like mr. Functional mode and everything I'm doing is like Standing or challenging stability and like that's the goal of the work out of the day, right? It's like oh today I want to just be really functional and I love to do stuff like that when I know like certain muscle groups are like really Really sore and I don't need to hammer a muscle group. I just I want to feel good I want to take things through full range of motion. I want to incorporate my entire body So then I'll make those choices then I have other days where I'm like Oh, I just want like this massive shoulder pump and I'm not really trying to work Anybody else any other parts of my body right now and I'm just gonna sit down and do all this stuff And so I bounce back and forth.  Yeah, we're working everything you're gonna do is standing in a split stance like We're we're using your body, you know, you're anchoring your body you're figuring out how to adjust You know and compensate for that and and be able to stabilize properly So I was just always thinking in the functional realm And less in you know in the hypertrophy realm and so it there's definitely a switch that happened for me Once I started to kind of then again like you said like I went into sitting and doing overhead press Even as an example and I and I couldn't lift what I thought I could lift and it was really just a different stimulus Different recruitment pattern that I wasn't applying and so the definite value in that the truth is though If you were to only do one and not the other if you had to pick.  You just won't wait or if you will I'll wait. Tell me where would you do that?  So it's just way more functional to be like you said completely connected from your feet Oh, you had to pick. Yeah, if you had to put a perfect scenario you incorporate both. Yeah, we've in and out Yeah, both of them have value. I like doing both of them depend like Adam said depending on how I feel If you had to pick one go standing, but look this is there's a reason why When you do a different exercise is that look very similar they feel different. There's there's just there's a reason for I mean look I'll tell you what you could do a standing lateral right standing standing lateral with dumbbells or you could do standing one arm lateral Same exercise feels different. It totally does feel different and they both have value So and that has to do with the way the body communicates with itself and how muscles work together No muscle works in complete isolation. Yeah, and so it's the combination of muscles. That's how you're holding yourself It's the position of your body look at us as Z press seated Z press I mean that feels very different than a seated on a bench press and definitely very different than a standing overhead press Do they all have value they do? Yeah


Welcome back folks, yeah, welcome. We had the Dow Industries closed down 127, Nasdaq down 114, S&Ps down 29, Gold, Gold contract down $9, trading $16.35, we had Silver down $0.03, $0.19, $0.11, late sweet crude off a buck, $0.91, $0.85, $0.99 a barrel, notes and bonds, 10-year note, down 11 ticks, $1.21, 30-year off 11 at $1.29, $1.29, $1.00, $1.00 up $823 ticks, $1.11, $5.74, Euro $0.98, yen at $1.48.68 and a British pound at $1.14 to $1.00 US dollar.  Because guess what, you know, bottom line, you know, we had a contraction of volume on Friday but this is a pullback with a lot less volume, you get one more of those that'll be saying that whatever happens Wednesday would send it higher. Now, if we get volume tomorrow, different ballgame but right now you get a pullback with light volume, 84 million shares, we're in the spy versus 100 million, inside the NDX100, we take a look at the NDX, NDX out here did 45 million versus 63. Now, let's take a look at the indices because the indices, this would end up happening folks, you had divergence, the indices came in with really light volume, oh look at this, oh no, call off the bets man, look at this, this is as subtle as you can get, 1.1 billion, so check this out folks, okay, we went up on Friday with 964 million, we just went down with 1.1 billion, oh this is going to be so cool watching how this shakes out man, this is, so the NASDAQ composite is only 4.5 but guess what, they're selling that NYSE, you don't see that too often folks, that the spy can pull back only a little and the, I mean the NYSE, they unloaded some stock man, yeah 1.155, so picture this, I mean it seemed like a nothing day right, where Friday was an explosion to the upside, Friday you go up with 964 million, there's no one in the story going up, today it looks like it was calm and guess what, that is the ultimate in unloading stock, send that paper out and it's going to be all about that US dollar folks, that US dollar bottom line, I think it's going to go to our man, Mr. Bud Rolfe's upper trend line and try, you know you can see it, didn't stop today man, doesn't have far to go, have a great night folks, have a safe night, be safe, come back tomorrow morning, visit Tommy, kicks us off 9 in the morning, great show folks, real, look at him folks,


Shoot down the temperature like so keep your distance. Yes, sir Let's stay focused watch your sectors There's the communications outpost Could be the missing troopers. Let's check it out eyes in the sky. So Let's go six. All right noble team spread out. Watch the approach Structure point three four looks clear from this angle the stress beacons coming from just south of your commander We're close Brought to that eyes appeal make out any ID negative, but it's military Why are we not seeing explosives residue noble three Circle west to check it out noble team you have permission to engage but be selective. We don't need a telegraph Six moving to the house going quiet right behind heat sinks in the structure ahead On your knees now, they're not rebels their farmers. Look at them. Ask them what they're doing here mid-crash the kids But never got took me honey hiding sir. Take nap idea. I saw him see dog.  He heard screams Don't follow me.  We've got military casualties two of the missing troopers Looks like they were interrogated. It's messy be anything No, move up to the west. We're about to be flanked contact Here we go


What's good job support Ross back out again with another video. So we're gonna check out botcha mania. So 478 You know what we're here for should be a very Interesting one always love checking out some botcha mania.  Let's see what botcha mania has for us this time. Hi I'm pro wrestling's premier cinematic genius J. George and for this next scene You're watching botcha mania a show that I've never been on because in film There are no such thing as botches just happy accidents and also because I've never botched because I don't suck Is that me I don't think so that look like me a little bit y'all, but I don't think that's me. What y'all think oh No, man That look like me a little bit, but I don't think that's me That may have been me y'all I Got some other youtubers in that little intro clip that may have been me. Yeah, he botched it He botched it Well, they botched it He was able to redeem himself at SummerSlam And L.A. Knight what they say if at first you don't succeed Book the women's division better He didn't even come close How did he miss? I'm so confused like he legitimately just dived in the air y'all know the scene from the other guys Samuel and the Rock there goes my hero They just died. They didn't even make it nowhere near what they were trying to make it to that's exactly what happened Secondhand embarrassment Y'all go into heaven Down to the night Well, I digress It's what God banned acute what drove your sister away, and it's why I'm here right now Yeah, I did notice that the camera had the camera had to cut a late to it Mike's is picking up all all the calls down there Charlotte Like SummerSlam Yeah I don't know about that might go man Table didn't break like this table problem.  I like how you just watching him, bro Didn't break like you just watching him Corbin chance next to universe in this matchup, you know book I want to come do this question You're not Baron Corbin getting a chant in WWE in 2023 lets you know it's not looking too good for my my guy right here It's the great American They don't care they do not care crowd was all over this match No That was actually a pretty cool spot. I ain't gonna lie to you Or kind of like threw him into the barricade I was that was a cool spot Somewhat of a cool spot, but it didn't help.  This is a mistake.  Oh, no Yeah, it's the audio Champa no time Are you looking at the right guy? Do you know which guys champa champa's the ball guy There's big Bronson Reed 300 pounds son of a gun beats everybody up Champa is now on his feet Spoke a little too soon, it's okay So they might man I Crazy what did I just you did not win this belt Nobody touches his title but me go find your mother That's what this kid is secretly part of the car There by the booker Hi, I'm Mark from wrestle me. Hello. I'm Pete from wrestle me and today We're gonna be reading an excerpt from pure dynamite the autobiography by the dynamite kid. He's not happy. It's a miserable read It really is Some of the matches that I enjoyed most that year were the ones that we had against Harley race and Hercules Rehan and is Harley race was now King Harley race after winning a tournament for the King's crown the year before a couple of weeks after that event They'd held the crowning ceremony which was shown on TV like I've said before King Harley liked his drink Whatever the occasion on the night of the ceremony They put a big throne in the middle of the ring which Harley had a sit in while he was crowned He was wearing a big long purple robe Vince had booked the dwarves especially for that night to carry it for him after the ceremony with the music and the speech Was all very solemn Harley stood up and Lord little Brooke who was the head dwarf stood behind him and picked up his robe to carry it So the King being a bit drunk got through the middle and the top rope But as he stepped through he missed the apron as he started to fall Lord little Brooke tried to hold him back with his robe But the force of Harley's fall Caterpulted the dwarf straight through the ropes right on top of Harley I'm sure it's meant to be a very serious occasion But as you can imagine all the fans were laughing anyway Harley and little Brooke picked themselves up But that was even funnier because Harley was trying to keep a serious look on his face But his crown was crushed and hanging off the side of his head Even when he's telling a humor story Dynamite kids sounds miserable. Yeah, and if I think about it If I actually remember the book right I think there's only like three people he likes the Bush Whackers and Holly right and even then it's you know He doesn't like anything. He doesn't like anyone frightening and horrible Hey, wake up you and listen and watch wrestle me wherever you might find it and also botomania I know botomania No, that was an interesting story man Of course Vince would hires a small person to carry the crown and carry his robe Oh man And now it's got my symbol on it. Mm-hmm. Yep. I like the reference x Yep, it's no longer Twitter y'all Don't touch me Straight for those trees. Yeah. Yeah, relax trees down Hey, what do you do if you want the trees up? What Looking good He does have the phone Never vince ass for the most part Included well, I thought I did not know the rules. Okay. Well now, you know the rules Okay, let me let us good love on you, but I can't make you feel good by Just for further notice one of your nuts just hanging out of your shorts get a big hole Today we're gonna play a game that's as old as pain itself bombardment Yeah with the whole Becky Lynch Minute I'll say when it's the end It's the end That's pretty cool, man, it's gonna be there man. I heard they they're selling out like crazy I think the number of tickets so far They've gotten up to it's like 80,000 so I definitely do plan on checking it out I don't know if we'll do it on the main channel. I will you know, most likely probably stream it for you guys on my personal page not to really Prepare myself for that because that's gonna be a long pay-per-view, but I do think it's gonna be special 80,000 potential plus people there should be a great atmosphere. I'm looking forward to checking it out I'm gonna give it a fair chance to check it out live for you guys So being a lookout for that man, but I enjoyed this episode botch mania Let me know what was your favorite part of the video, but I appreciate all the love support you guys We're showing on channel road to 150k now. I'm still getting speedy YouTube wrestling champ the world Appreciate it. Okay. See you next


In this training video, we're going to look at using hyperlinks within Microsoft Project. Now you can add a hyperlink to the entire project, that project summary task level. And you can also do it in the individual task level. So I'm going to start off that project summary task level. So with me being in the indicator column, the eye column in line with the project summary task, I can now right-click, link, then the bottom. And I can link this to a folder structure, a file. My advice would be to link it to a folder structure. Because a folder structure can be put in multiple files. So I'm going to link in this example to a folder structure. So link. And I've got some just dummy stuff to use. So I'm going to go to my desktop. I'm going to link to a folder here, which is all about project training files. And this has a folder structure inside it. So now click OK. And there's the hyperlink. All I've got to do now is click with a hand to go and see what's inside the hyperlink. And I'm going to say yes to this, and I know it's a safe file. And here we go. So it's now linked to a folder structure. So this folder has multiple other folders, and each one has files in them. So you can see how many files you could bring into a project by having a folder structure. There's more files, more files again. And you can see how many files could be in one project if you needed all of these files. And more again. So now it closes that folder structure down and back in project. I now might want to put it at task level. I'm going to put one in that the job shortlisting task. Same idea. Right click, link. Again, I'm going to go to an existing file and go to the desktop. And I'm just going to use another dummy file this time of PDF. Click OK. And there's another link that I can click on it. Click Yes because I trust it. And it's just waiting for the response of this file. And here it comes. And there's a course outline. So it's a PDF file, which is a course outline. And that's now hyperlinked. I'll close this down. If I get rid of this hyperlink, I can right click on the bottom hyperlink. And I can clear. But you'll notice it only clears the one. The other one is still here. And if I then test the one that's remaining, this one I'll take it back to the folder structure again. And here we go. I'll just test one of them and show all the files. There they are. I'm going to close it down. And I'll just finally also get the rid of the hyperlink in this particular project summary level. And this now completes the training video on the use of hyperlinks. Whereby at the project summary level, we put in a hyperlink for a whole folder structure, which could be useful for lots of documents you need for the project, about decision making, minutes. It could be any kind of drawings if needed for the project. And also we looked at a hyperlink at task level. So they can be put in at any kind of level. But this completes the training video on the use of hyperlinks and also how to clear hyperlinks in a project in Microsoft Project. If you enjoyed this video, make sure you like and subscribe to our channel. Hope to see you for the next tutorial and thanks for watching.


Your keyboard is disgusting! Too bad you can't just chuck it in the dishwasher, right? Nab yourself a Sealshield 100% washable keyboard and you can! That's right, no more embarrassing Cheeto crumbs or disturbing stains on your computer accessories! Today, Cousin Reviews Sealshield's Keyboard and Mouse! Hey there, Freedom Partners! Boy, do I have a treat for you today! I will be reviewing the Sealshield Keyboard and Mouse. Now before I get into the video, say no, Sealshield is offering a 5-hour discount for the keyboard and for the mouse. There will be three SKUs in the description below and the code will be Freedom 2015. Alright, let's get started. First off, this keyboard and mouse is probably one of the best products I've seen on the market. In the video, you will see that I had put the keyboard in the dishwasher. Who does that? I mean, it's amazing. You can spill anything on that keyboard, put it in the dishwasher, pull it out, it's like brand new. Alright guys, so I recorded the keyboard and dishwasher in a mouse in a bucket of water. So the next part here, I'll show you what I do with the keyboard and what I do with the mouse. Alright guys, here's the keyboard. This part here has put me a little bit long. It is a continuous shot to make sure that there is no break in the video so you guys don't understand that I'm actually putting the keyboard into the dishwasher. I will show you one thing though is that when you put the keyboard in the dishwasher, again, make sure that the USB port on the end there and the adapter is covered, if there is anything you have to do with it. Also when you do put the product in the dishwasher, whether it's the mouse or the keyboard because both can go into the dishwasher, just to make sure that you don't actually put on heated dry because the temperature does get pretty hot in there. I don't know the exact temperature for the dishwasher, I think maybe about 170 or so, but make sure again that you actually turn off the heated dry setting but then wash everything else like it would normally do for any dishes that you have in the dishwasher. Alright there you go. So the next part is, you can see here, this is the second part of it, I'm opening your door and you will see steam coming out of the dishwasher.  I really did put the keyboard into the dishwasher, I ran it normal, it was like a 45-minute cycle, you can see the water beating and falling off the keyboard so it truly was in the dishwasher again here. I didn't run the mouse through it, I left it downstairs but in the next part of the video you'll see that I did test the mouse actually in water itself. So again here you're going to see me showing you the keys, it was so cool, you can see here that everything looks fine, there's no damage to the keyboard, there's no rust or anything with it and it's in great shape like it would be each and every time that you want to run and get it clean and sanitize your keyboard at the same time. Alright here's the part where I want to actually show you that the keyboard still actually works. Plugged it into the USB, you can see here that I'm actually typing on that exact keyboard and to make sure that you guys understand that this truly isn't a hoax, this actually is the keyboard that I just pulled out of the dishwasher, it is a seal shield that shows what I'm able to do with it. Alright guys, so the next part here we have is I want to show you the mouse actually soaking in water, 100% in water, I mean this is not a trick camera, this is actually sitting in water and you'll see that the mouse still will continue to work in this next part of the video. So here we are, I have plugged into the USB, I'm actually showing you that this mouse is still working even though it's soaking wet and drenched in the water. The keyboard can do the same thing, I can put the keyboard in the water and do the same exact thing, it doesn't matter, both products are the same deal. As you can see here I'm actually on the seal shield website going through, that's actually me using the mouse here, you'll see where I kind of pan back and you'll see a picture of me actually still using the mouse, I'm still in the website, it's proof that I'm actually still using the same product that's in the water that's actually still plugged into the system, you saw the red light so you can tell that it's actually turned on and what I'm going to do here in this next part is I'm going to show you the scroll mouse, it'll give you more of an angle and you can actually see that I'm actually going to be going through the website using the exact mouse that's in that bucket of water, scrolling through to show you that this truly is a great piece of hardware from Seal Shield, the keyboard and mouse that is actually 100% waterproof. So what do you think, pretty impressive, I think it is, when you think about it, you spill Kool-Aid, you spill water, you spill any type of drink on it, you take the keyboard, you either wipe it off, you throw it in the dishwasher and clean it up, it's like brand new, same thing with the mouse, it's pretty cool, I will say the one thing here that you will need to do is on the end of the USB there is a protector to make sure no water goes inside this adapter, they both have the keyboard has it and so does the mouse, so it's on the end here but it's amazing product, it's not that expensive, the keyboard ranges anywhere from $40 to $100 and the mouse is also in the same range, so again remember go to the description, look for the model you want to purchase, there will be three options, use the discount code Freedom2015 and get your five bucks off. So guys please let me know what you think of this product, again I think the product is amazing, I will use it from now on, I had an incident a few weeks ago where I never keep drinks on my desk, I always keep one on the separate table, I move my table, move that drink and next thing you know I spilled on my keyboard, well guess what the keyboard doesn't work anymore, so if I had the seal shield I wouldn't be talking about it right now, this thing was still been working the whole time. Alright Freedom partners, so that's a review for the seal shield keyboard and mouse, so please in the comments below let me know what you think of this product, let me know if you think of the product you would purchase, I think it's definitely worth the price and it can last for a very very long time, I'll see you in the next review. Today I want to talk to you about this, this is the game band plus Minecraft, kind of strange and the name's a little bit misleading because it doesn't actually come with Minecraft.


Good morning. You sitting right there. How's it going? You in the background to hey come and come take a look truck and josh vlogs is starting I Know you're there It's another new day today is Wednesday, and we're headed up to our bird again today got to be there bright and early So we are once again Headed out before the Sun Very unnatural But it's coming to that season again Here in southern Manitoba where our daylight hours are getting shorter and shorter again And that's okay That means winter is coming and we have to pass through the next winter to get to next summer All right, but this summer is not over yet. Okay, this summer is not over yet. We're still having fun We can just tell that We're past the halfway mark of it. I Think when does fall start September 21st? And summer starts June 21st that means July 21st is halfway through summer. Yeah, we're halfway We're on the tail end of summer. Oh Man, I'm sorry to put that idea in your head. I'm sorry. It's gonna be a good day. Don't worry We're gonna make it a good day anyway Let's go get to our truck and hook on to our trailer. I got a hook on to a step deck Roll tight And make sure I got a bunk with me in there. I'll show you what I mean when we get there and Then two hours north All your lights coming on.  Let's go find a trailer. See what kind of step-deck roll tights we got here This feels more like June usually feels check and see if she's empty. What you got to tell me Let's take a look inside right. We're taking this one freaked me out a little bit I didn't hear it click in like I usually do and walk in I thought I had gone over. I thought the trailer was too high and it went over the fifth wheel The kingpin I mean went over the without about unnecessary headache in the morning, but We just clicked in really quietly because I came back here to check and It's all hooked in. You can't really see it. I guess I'd have to Get the flashlight One second We'll get the flashlight I want to show you that it's clicked in so that you guys can see as well because For some reason it did not feel like it clicked into me when I backed under it And it was It is clicked in I guess I'm I'm just that gentle I guess Okay here. I got the Got the flashlight here. We did the visual inspection there and we'll do a tug test before we leave obviously Be good to go All right, so we got the tri axle with the lift axle in the back. This trailer is a Going to be going to California. I'm picking up freight headed down to the the Golden State and For some reason I think someone once told me that any trailer going to California has to have a lift axle. I Don't know if it needs to be down or up I've never actually driven a commercial vehicle into California I've driven my personal vehicle into there and I've heard many horror stories of driving commercial vehicles in California It's just not really a state that I've had on my bucket list for driving trucks into they make it very difficult for truckers to operate in California Lots of regulations So it's I mean I'll do it if they if they would send me there, of course I'm gonna go I'm not gonna refuse a load the only load out refuse is a Load that's unsafely loaded that I can't secure and then you know all that we would do is we would fix it so that I can secure it And then I would head out with it. I never say no to those Whatever they need me to do. That's what I'm here for right so this trailer is going to California So if they were to ask me hey, you want to take this to California? I'd be like yeah, sure just What are the rules all right because I'm gonna have to refresh myself on all the the DOT and commercial operating Regulations there. There's there's it's an interesting state This is the trailer I parked here. Oh two days ago. Remember I lined it up with neither trailer On either side because they were all crooked. So I made mine straight Making sure the tires are all still filled with that premium air It's got to be premium, you know, it's going to California. They only accept premium air in the tires in California I know about that regulation has to be premium. You have to change it every season. It's nuts Everything's looking good as it should even under the hood So I'm gonna mark down here that done my pre-trip on this trailer and on the truck It's trailer 412 DTLR Letters are important to include That's just for our purposes so that we can identify what type of trailer it is the D stands for a drop deck The L stands for or the T stands for a tri axle. So DT drop deck tri axle the L stands for Lift axle and the R stands for roll tight So this trailer is trailer 412. It's a drop deck Tri-axle with a lift axle and it's a roll tight DTLR This trailer here is a rental, but if it would have our markings on it, it would be trailer You know one two three R Just because it's a tandem so we don't put T on there for tandem. We just leave it blank for tandem That means it's just two axles The trailer number are Because it's a roll tight and it doesn't have a lift axle. So it doesn't have the L. It's not a drop deck. It doesn't have the D You get it, right? So that is for the purpose of That's for the purpose of when you're talking to dispatch or when you know your let's say this trailer is gonna be in California when the driver calls in to say hey Pardon me when the driver calls in to say hey, I'm empty I have trailer 412 DTLR The dispatch automatically knows like who the drivers because they contacted them and they exact they know exactly what equipment He has with them. They know that he has a drop deck lift axle tri-axle They they that way they know what kind of freight like right off the hop They know what kind of freight they can they can book for a reload out of there It took me a little while to figure that out our van trailers are a little different Let's say a trailer in front of me here We have two levels in our in our trailers, right? So we call it a floor it makes two levels in the trails You can fit more freight in that way and it's It's one of the designs that we have patented here. That's sort of our thing, right? So it's a Trailer over here for instance That one there Has a floor in it So it's f 5120 f that means it has a floor in it This one over here is 5064 b That means it has a belly box also so you can put more freight underneath Right other trailers just have the number can I find one here? 5171 over there because it's just a plain trailer no belly box no floors Actually, no, that is an F. It has I think all our trailers have the second floor Almost all no, there's one over there 5117 that doesn't have a floor. So it doesn't have an F on it That's what the letters are for after a trailer numbers. They identify the trailer to the company They don't really have anything to do with You know DOT DOT would be worried about the license plate in the back and the registration and the safety They don't really care what numbers and letters we put on our trailers to identify them to ourselves Here's a good example 5086 B Means it has a belly box underneath here Belly box trailers also have a floor, but you can put more stuff and more freight in there Extra storage room, right? That one over there does not have the belly box 5126 f means it has a floor it's got ramps on it But no belly box see No belly box. So it just has a floor That's how we identify that this one Traylor 605. It's a tri axle with a lift axle and it's a roll tight You sort of understand this one will be a D It's a trailer 408 D. It's a drop deck T. It's a tri axle 408 DT if it didn't have that third axle it would just be 408 D Okay, good So the other the only other variation of trailer number that we have that I didn't tell you was just a regular flat bed Just a flat won't have any letters behind it. Oh, we got someone coming through here So these are all step decks in front of me here one of these is a flat bed Let's say like 111 D is here the one to the left right there 111 and it's a drop deck if it wasn't a drop day and it was just a flat bed It would just be trailer 111 make sense But every place has a different way of identifying their trailer. So that's not universal Every place is different man. It's got to be a better way. There's nobody behind me Actually, you know, there's another truck coming now. I Guess you got to do what you got to do right I Get it hazards on and hopefully the guy coming behind me at a hundred kilometers an hour 60 mile an hour. We'll See that I'm stopped nice truck though. I know you know how to back up. I have to pull forward again There you go, you got this You're right in the center of the driveway to straight back my friend straight back Don't mess it up and turn your wheels straight back. There you go Quick as it could be I guess We're already loaded up buttoned up Ready to go That's it just this and this stuff is going to San Francisco, California Way out to the Golden State there. So I don't know if I've ever been to San Francisco I feel like I have but it was when I was a kid riding along with my dad in the truck he used to haul a Reefer trailer like a refrigerated trailer we call it reefer It's not that kind of reefer reefer refrigerator. It's clarifying for you guys. I don't know. I know where you're mine He used to haul That and we'd haul produce out of California back to Canada So we'd always go down to California pick it up there, and I'm pretty sure with him we Went to San Francisco. I don't know if we crossed the Golden Gate Bridge But I remember seeing it I'm pretty sure I was there, but it was a long time ago I'm 33 now Would have been more than 20 years ago that I was there. I'm sure it's changed a lot by now 20 years ago. I was 13 Probably about 25 between 20 and 25 years ago is when I was last in that area That's headed up there. So Look out you guys got freight inbound three points contact Sometimes I like to live on the edge And only have one point of contact anyways, okay, so It's time to head back another Successful day. We got stuff done.  Anyways, I don't know. What do you call a successful day? Is it more than just getting stuff done feels good Accomplishing something even if it was just picking up a load in our perk Whoever's going to San Francisco Have a good trip. Good sir or ma'am gonna be good San Francisco is a Climate-wise and weather-wise is actually one of the nicest places in on the continent, right? It's like a steady 65 degrees all year round 20 degrees 20 25 degrees like perfect temperatures all year round.  I got a poke a little fun at you guys. I'm sorry So I'm headed home Brit is working late again tonight. She's picked up a lot of extra hours lately And it's been helping us out a great deal like I was telling you was that this morning or yesterday we did our budget for the next ball for the foreseeable future and You know we're Realizing where we have spent irresponsibly and we're Realizing in other places where we can spend more responsibly It's very important to be Conscious of where your money is going where it's coming from when it's coming when it's going What's happening to it at all times when to invest when to take out your investment and put it somewhere else? You got to stay on top of it, especially in today's economy with everything going up and down and up and down and Right now price is going up up up. It looks like inflation It's you gotta Make sure you take care of your finances Some people don't think it's a big deal. Oh, whatever money comes and it goes Yes, but it goes more than it comes if you're not careful You gotta gotta be careful Learn to make sure there's more coming in than going out because if you don't pay attention to it I guarantee you more will be going out than coming in guarantee That's just the natural default more goes out than comes in. It's very easy to spend money very easy Not as easy To make more than you want to spend That makes sense Don't take financial advice from me. I'm a truck driver All right, you're ready for the rock star welcome.  There he is. I know it's just me. It's just me. I never get a rock star welcome from him Only his mother gets a rock star welcome I'm coming I'm coming I'll get the shovel