In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. While Allah Almighty is stated in Quran, Allah Almighty, in this very holy verse, has attributed three features to Quran. The one, Hudal-l-Nas, the second one by Yanat-e-Minalhuda, and the third one for Qan. There have been a stated plenty of interpretations, particularly the one stated by the Ahlul-Bait. They have all said the same thing, Hudal-l-Nas is all about Islamic beliefs, Islamic moralities, Islamic rulings. Allah revealed Quran, one for this reason, and that is Hudal-l-Nas. It is not merely revealed for believers, it has been revealed for everyone. It is a guidance for all humanity, not merely Muslims or believers. The day in which Quran was revealed, how many believers did exist? Just two. One, Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, and the other one is Imam Ali, peace be upon them both. Abu Talib, Abdul-Muttalib, they also had their own beliefs and faith, and we have no doubt about it. But people were not believers. Quran has also addressed all humanity, not only believers. So Quran is for all human beings. It addresses its speech to all human beings, not only people in Iran, people from Iraq, or merely Muslims. When we are talking about Quran, whom we are addressing our speech to, what's the population of the world? More than, it is said, more than 7 billion people. They are all addressing Hudan-l-Nas. That's one side of the issue tonight, and the other. There is the phrase, late Ayatollah to see, stated, and talked about this issue. He said, it's all about Prophet's news, and it's nothing but lessons for all humanity. The stories of Ahlul Bayt, prophets, are much more than the Hadith and verses regarding Islamic rules, because they are considered as life, lessons about life, for they have a strong effect on people. They are more influential. When you read the stories in Quran, we as experts are affected. The impact is much more than the verses regarding Islamic rules, or their stories of pious jurists. They sometimes encourage us more than the blessings made by the experts. As stated, is regarded and related to the stories of Ahlul Bayt and prophets, and they are considered all lessons of life. And the third one is Furqan. Furqan here is the cut in line between right and wrong. What is legitimate or illegitimate? It has been stated in traditions. Prophets came and invited people to monotheism, unity, hereafter, Imamat, and before Ahlul Bayt and prophets, people were all same and they were all infidels, they were all hypocrites. These were the prophets who came and showed what is right and what is wrong. Like genuine money or the fake one, the one who is making the fake money, does some delicate stuff so that no one can understand what is fake and what is genuine. But the one who, as an expert, knows the difference, knows how to recognize what is fake or what is genuine. How can we distinguish the accurate and the correct Islam and the incorrect Islam? Do we have an incorrect Islam? Of course we do. Which was followed by Bani Umayyad or Bani Abbas. Quran would differentiate among those. And this is about the third one. Quran added a prefix to the word forgan and it stated al-forgan. And all these delicate issues encourage people to convert to Islam. Many of them were infidel experts, hypocrites. They were all delicate points made by Quran regarding its accuracy and fluency. I would like to skip this point. Well, you are all experts in the field. You're all teachers, seminary students. You all are aware of this. Huda has been stated without prefix. The same. I'm talking about this very verse. He didn't say, wa-forgana. Of course, it's somewhere else, somewhere else as it is stated, wa-forgana. What's the prefix? The prefix al is doing here. Banyanat al-Nas, bayanat al-Minal Huda, without prefix. But wa-forgan, this prefix has been added. Well, as Arabic literature states, as you might and you have opportunity to refer to, wa-forgana. Quran is a guidance. And this is the only thing that can differentiate between what is wrong and what is right. People like Muawiyah used to have Quran. People like Yazid used to have Quran as well. People like Matavakil. And this Quran is the only thing that can distinguish and differentiate between what is wrong and what is right. And as I stated, Quran is considered to be as the only matter and it is the only thing that can differentiate between what is right and what is wrong. This is a very general issue and it has been stated in many books. You can refer to them. Some of you might already know about it. What's the difference between what is wrong and what is right? It has been stated in many traditions. Ramadan is the spring of Quran. What's the difference between the spring and the other seasons, like summer or winter? Well, as you see, it's a time when flower, the blossoms will open. And Ramadan is the spring of Quran. What does it mean? Undoubtedly, it means we have to read Quran. We have to memorize Quran. We also have to comprehend and understand the real concepts of Quran. There's no doubt about these issues. But they're not obligatory, mandatory issues. They're all religiously recommendatory issues. We are all recommended to finish Quran from the beginning 40 times in Ramadan. Some people read Quran, but they do not ponder about their real concept. Quran is like a doctor's prescription. You have to read it. But this is only the beginning of it. You have to understand this and you have to act upon it. If you make a mistake, a subtle mistake, you might suffer dire consequences. It is generally essential here is acting upon what Quran has ordered us to do. It's a prescription for this world and the hereafter. It's a prescription for all good deeds. It's a key to all prosperity. It's a key for getting away and standing away from all sinister deeds. But we have to act upon it. It's better to open up a religious issue here. Many might be ignorant of this. What's the meaning of acting upon Quran? For example, the one who is married, as an example, has some rights. Quran talked about this issue. The husband must know. The wife also must know what are their rights regarding each other. And if they know what are their rights and they do not fulfill their rights, it's a pity. If a husband understands what his wife's rights are, he has to act upon it. He has to fulfill his rights. Here has been stated in a tradition. What I'm saying now is just a simple, subtle warning to experts. This might be a new issue for many people. Those who read Quran and do not act upon it. This tradition has been stated by Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. The tarqa is the paplora form of tarqa. When we read, we open up our mouth. We use our vocal cords. We use our mouth muscles to utter the Quranic words. What's tarqa there? Where is it located? These are two bones located on the sides of the throat. This is a metaphor. This is a metaphor.  Much more than real meanings. It means from these two bones among which throat is located. And this, by this throat, we are just uttering Quranic words. What I simply assume from Prophet's statement, it means those who read Quran and do not act. It means as if those who read Quran and do not act upon it as if they have not read Quran at all. Well, regarding this issue in Prophet's tradition, the word Olaik has been stated.  Reading Quran is recommendatory. It's really good. But if you read it and do not act upon it, not only this reading Quran is not useful. It is also a sinister deed.  He might feel pain, but the one who has a prescription and he knows what to do to cure himself and does not act upon it, he should be blamed. The holy month of Ramadhan is the spring of Quran. We have to preach what has been stated in Quran. And what is really important here is we have to act upon the concepts of Quran. Aliyah also used to read Quran. Imam Ali also used to read Quran, but which one was right? Who did act upon it? He came to Ali, alaihi salam, in the Jamal war. The both sides are companions of prophets. Imam Ali, middle of the war, said a statement. We have to be really careful and vigilant regarding this delicate points, the points which could change the world as they have already did, they have already done. Imam Ali, in the middle of the war, said a statement to one of his opponents. It is stated that Imam Ali, alaihi salam, used to be upon him, has nine statements, which are truly precious. Imam Ali, alaihi salam, in the middle of the war, told someone, go and contemplate and contemplate what is right. And you'll see which one is legitimate and which one is illegitimate. Quran, regarding this verse, in which he said Quran was revealed in Ramadhan. People like Prophet, who used to follow Quran, they used to act upon Quran. Their moralities were based on Quran. There is nothing like Quran which can distinguish what is right and what is wrong. Holy Bible, the parts which are original, could also differentiate. But the precious thing that can differentiate between what is right and what is wrong is Quran. Ramadhan is the spring of Quran. May God bless us all and give us the opportunity to get the most out of this month. We're all obliged to those who are able to understand more, comprehend more, and they are physically capable more. Their responsibilities are also bigger. And it's quite natural. When we refer to those who acted upon Quran, like 14 infallibles, we'll get astonished by what they have done and what they have said. Well, the religious Islamic rule I would like to talk about is, there's a married woman. She has a husband. They have to know their rights, religious rights, regarding each other. They have to learn and they have to act upon them. Their husband must not do haram thing. Why falsehood? Must not do haram thing. Well, let's consider a single boy or single girl. Do they have to learn about these issues? Of course, they're not religiously obliged to, for they are still bachelor. It's also self-explanatory. The single boy or single girl is not religiously obliged to learn about the matrimonial issues. But he can learn so we can teach others, teach those who are married. A single girl is recommended to learn matrimonial issues so she can let others know, especially those who are married. And she must know what are their rights regarding each other. The teacher must let the girls and the boys know about these issues in school, in universities, neighbors. We are obliged to let each other know about Islamic issues. But if the whole world is aware of this issue, which is not, so there's no need to learn.  We're all obliged to learn about these issues so we can avoid and stop people from doing bad deeds and encourage them to do good deeds. If all are aware of this issue, we're not then obliged to. But since not all people are aware of these issues, we are religiously obliged to learn about these issues and let others know about them as well. One might know but does not act upon it. So we cannot say the single girl is not obliged to learn about this issue or the single boy as well. They're both, whether single or married, are obliged to learn about these issues. This Salfur Ghan, this phrase is really significant. This prefix has not been added haphazardly. We have to figure about this issue and this can be done in Ramadan. It's all time, lifetime, duty, but we're all recommended to do so in Ramadan. There are plenty of people, they were and there will be. Generally, those were illegitimate, used two techniques, one lying and exaggeration. And these two are influential on people and common people like you. You can refer and prove it yourself. This is a story back to 20 or 30 years ago. One of the Shia opponents and opposers who wrote many books, I saw a statement by which I was shocked. He was lying too much. It was an expert in lying. He was talking about Imam Mahdi. I do not remember the source. In that book, he said that Imam Zaman still did not bore. And one of the Shia scholars like Sheikh Siddu confessed this issue. And he gave the source in his book. I was quite shocked about this. We have heard plenty of things from Sheikh Siddu but nothing like that. No one can say that Sheikh Siddu has such an statement. What Sheikh Siddu said, I refer to the source. He talked about Imam Mahdi. And he then said that there are some people who deny the existence of Imam Mahdi. Some say that Imam Mahdi has not been born yet. And he mistakenly attributed this lie to Sheikh Siddu. What is right? What is legitimate and illegitimate? And the right thing is that Imam Mahdi was born. He exists. This is right. This is Quran which can distinguish and differentiate what is right and what is wrong. We experts, religious experts are much more responsible. And we are obliged to let the whole world know about this. To believers and non-believers, Muslims and non-Muslims. Wise or unwise people. An unwise person is obliged to learn and an expert is obliged to teach. Quran differentiates what is wrong and what is wrong. But Quran ordered the experts to teach and he also addressed to his speech to unwise people to learn. It is said that there are 7 billion people living and more than 5 billion people are religious people. There might be infidels among them. Atheists as well. Quran is also for them as well. Not all are atheists. Not all are enemies and infidels. So Quran is for all of them. And they all can be guided. They all can be guided to their straight path. The one who is a sinister is capable of turning to be a righteous person. You experts are all aware of this. When an unwise person gets to know about the reality and truth he would turn to be a wise man. Like Bahar. Allah M.A. Bahar Al-Bahar. Which has been stated in many books. I have personally seen this. Sayed Bahar Al-Alun. When he was a jurist traveled from Najaf to Karbala passing through gardens and waters. There was a small town which exists now.  It is called Kefal. There was a seminary school for Jews. As I read there were four seminary schools for Jews. One of them was there. In a time in which he was really busy. He passed away in 1211. He used to discuss with Jews. One of the religious experts in Shia wrote a book about his discussion with Jews. Bahar Al-Alun used to discuss and debate with Jews. He confessed that they have all turned and converted to Islam. Bahar Al-Alun when he was a jurist. When he was young he used to learn all about the Bible's Old Testament and New Testament. So we can have the ability to discuss and turn people to Islam. Do you think that Jews would not convert to Islam? Of course they were. But you have to have the ability and tact to talk about the truth. There are plenty of examples stated in history. I have read thousands of examples stated in plenty of books regarding Jews experts. And other denomination experts. Idol worshipers as well. There are millions of idol worshipers. They have experts but they are idol worshipers. There are atheists. Bahar Al-Alun was not obliged to learn about these issues. But he did. He had the chance and succeeded in converting Jews to Islam. They all turned to Shizm. And if they remained in Judaism, who would have been responsible? Some might not be able. They are not capable of doing so. So there is no problem with that. But since we are able, we have to. We have to let the whole world know about these issues. Not only and merely Middle East. We are at receipt. The whole world. Those who can listen. Quran can differentiate between what is wrong and what is wrong. We are all religiously obliged to do. To read Quran and act upon it. Let the whole world know about us. If Bahar Al-Alun hasn't talked about them, they would have remained Jews. And they could have brought up ex-Jews in the year after. For they were all deprived of information regarding Islam and Shizm. Jews converted. We have to let them know. We have to preach. One of the significant issues in today's role. We are all responsible regarding distinguishing and differentiating what is right and what is wrong. Some might not be aware of these issues and they can justify. They have not been informed about what is right and what is wrong. Like Jews or Christians. If they are not informed, we cannot blame them. Islamic rules are for all people. But those who do not believe, they are not obliged. But if they understand about rules and they do not act, they must be blamed and punished hereafter. Another significant issue in today, particularly in non-Islamic countries. There is too much liberty and freedom. They might not be aware of Islam and Islamic issues. They might be skeptical about Islam. Those cruel things that oppressors are doing, like ISIS. They are following blasphemies. They are beheading innocent kids. They are falsely and negatively advertising about Islam. Who is responsible to show the real Islam? Who is responsible to let the whole world know that they are not Muslims and they are not following the real meaning of Islam? We are all obliged to. This is a big responsibility. There have been stated plenty of stories in history. In all, rulings and regulations. What is done to aspire to a traitor, the one who has played with the domestic security? Nothing but death penalty. Well, I remember and you can ask, there is a place, Umut Tabool. There is a mosque now, near that place. Dholkarim Ghassim came and made a revolution. After a year or two, he claimed that there were some traitors. In that particular religion, which was nothing but a desert, he hanged them, executed them. Then he was defeated. And then they made a mosque there. But they were all executed because of trism.  It's a common thing. There might be some two or three countries, which execution does not exist. Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. It's a common story. There are thousands of stories like that. Prophet Muhammad was a traitor. He used to pretend to be a Muslim. He used to pray behind Prophet Muhammad. He used to fast in Ramadan.  A lady who was a singer, from among hypocrites of Mecca, she was asked to go and ask Hatem Abib Al-Tahid to write some reports about prophet's war strategies. And this is not about spying. The lady came. Prophet saw her. Prophet knew that she was a singer. Prophet knew that she had some relationship with young people of hypocrites. Prophet said, what brought you here? She said, I came here to travel. She said, I have no money. I'm here to ask for money. Prophet smiled. Prophet said, couldn't the young people supply for you? Hatem Abib Al-Tahid wrote a letter to hypocrites of Mecca and revealed the secrets of prophet's war strategies. This lady concealed this letter in her hair. She then moved toward Mecca. Prophet knew all about this. He didn't want to do any drastic actions so that people would believe what is right and what is wrong. Prophet told two of his companions to go and search for such a letter from that lady. They came and asked her for the letter. She denied and she rejected it. They came down, they searched her, they searched the camel but they didn't find anything. Prophet said, that prophet does not lie. There must be a letter. Prophet said, just for a mere threat, give me a letter or I will hate you. She was scared and she gave away the letter. Did they execute or hang the lady? Let the whole world know about this. Did they put her in prison? Did they torture her? No. The whole world know about this story. The one who is satellite, the one who is wealthy, must advertise this story to the whole world. The one who is a lecturer must let the whole world know about this, must inform the world about this. Prophet took the letter and gave it to Prophet. Prophet told Hattab ibn Abi Bauteh that this is your letter and he confessed to reality. He asked, why did you write such a letter? Consider the whole history, except the history regarding prophets. Would you find such an example, such a divine procedure implemented by Prophet Muhammad? That's the story might change the world if it's told in a wide way. Prophet told him, why did you write such a letter? He said, I was afraid. I thought that hypocrites might be predominating so that I would get close to them. So that they would not torture me or tease me. Prophet did not put him in prison, did not torture him, nor did he execute him.  We have to let the whole world know about this. Or the story regarding Ali alayhi salam. Or about the Sufain and the companions of Ma'viya. Ali alayhi salam said to his companions, attack, take water, take Farrad river. They attacked and they took the river. Some of the companions came and said, you should not let the companions of Ma'viya to let them use water. Ali alayhi salam knew all about this. Ma'viya and Emros were all scared. Ma'viya said, I knew Ali. We should not let the whole world know and inform the world about this issue. Amir al-Muminin could have deprived them from water. But this is not a good deed. This is a real bad deed. Ali alayhi salam had the right to deprive them from water, but he did not. When someone invades, you can retaliate, but you have the right, but it means you are obliged to. The Islamic leader should act in a way regarding enemies and friends. For example, if you get to be an Islamic ruler and such a thing happened, you must not retaliate. For this could be an obstacle for some people's guidance, people of Safin. He saw what Ali alayhi salam treated them. Amir al-Muminin could have taken the opportunity and could have deprived them from water. If you let the world know about this story and if you tell the story in a correct way, you can lead many people to the right path. You can let the Jews convert to Islam. You might have read about this. In the day of Ashura, Shem may God curse upon him, shouted and swore that prophet at Imam Hussein. He said some nasty words to Imam Hussein. One of Imam Hussein's companions came and said, I can kill him right now. Shem was an infidel. He used to swear at Imam Hussein. He could have martyred and he did, but Imam Hussein said. And this is something by which we can change the whole world. They came to kill and martyred Imam Hussein, but Imam Hussein said, I would not start the war. While millions of people could have been guided by us since we are now able to lead them. God would blame us that why we have not told them. Of course, yes, this might be a tough task for informing people. Prophets also had plenty of problems preaching Islam. Go and search the traditions regarding prophet. But what they were killed because of these difficulties? Bani Umid and Bani Abbas thought that it would be prophets and Ahlul Bayt were nothing but a barrier in front of their power. The story of khabbab. Khabbab used to be a great companion of prophet. I recommend all Muslim girls and boys to read about these stories. Khabbab was among those who believed first in Islam and prophet. Hippocrates used to torture him much. He was among those who believed in Islam after Imam Ali. After 6 or 7 people were among those who initially believed in Islam. Khabbab used to be loyal to prophet and Imam Ali. He helped assisted Imam Ali in some of his wars. Imam Ali was a kufa. Khabbab passed away. Imam Ali prayed for him and he was among the first ones who buried him in Wad-e-Salam. This khabbab was tortured by Hippocrates in payfull ways. They used to make him naked and put a burning log on his back. They have tortured him repeatedly and there were marks on his back up to his last breath. They wanted him to confess that he was not a Muslim and deny the legitimacy of prophet. We have to, if something happens to us, but nothing happens like today's world. There might be people like Saddam who used to torture people. There were plenty of difficulties for prophets. They were under plenty of hardships and tortures. That's why many of prophets and Ahlul Leeds were martyred not just merely passed away. Why Fatimah Zahra was martyred? Why was Imam Ali martyred? We must try not to be regretful in hereafter. We should act, we should teach so that we might not be believing in hereafter. Why we haven't taught? Why we haven't let the whole world know? Why we haven't been patient? Ramadan is the spring of Qo'an. It's for all people, for everywhere. I'm not here to say what time are we allowed to do Taghiyah. Sheikh Ansari has written a book about this. In some cases Taghiyah is haram, in some cases it is an obligatory issue. In some cases it is a recommendation, in some cases it is haram. Qo'an differentiates between what is right and what is wrong. And Qo'an has stated all ways to contemplate. I hope this holy month will be blessed for all people, Muslims and non-Muslims. May God hasten the advent of Imam Mahdi. May God hasten Imam Mahdi's advent. And I hope that he gives us the opportunity to know about our duties and acting upon them. Even if it's filled with hardships. I pray for you all in Ramadan and pray for me as well. We're all in need of prayers by God the less Muhammad and his descendants.


supply chain is, you know, is masterful at teaching you. I, you know, I think there's also a people element in there.  And I think that gives you an important, I think empathy, especially in a time like now where empathy and kindness and, you know, how you deal with people even virtually is so important. And I think, I think it gives you strong fundamentals for, you know, how people, you know, how people develop in their career. And I always love the story by, you know, Ann Marie Campbell. And if you don't know who Ann Marie is, she's the, you know, she leads the all the Home Depot stores. And, you know, she started out in the Home Depot as an actual associate, you know, as a clerk. And she learned that business from the ground up. And I think, you know, that's in a way what supply chain does for you. It'll really allow you to learn the business from the ground up and gives you incredible credibility. So, you know, I, again, roadmap may be quite different, but really good fundamentals in supply chain. And, you know, I would maybe give one more example and that is Mary Barra of General Motors. And of course, Mary Barra and I were, I spent the first 20 years of my career at General Motors and Mary, it was my colleague. Very similar careers, Mary's the CEO of GM and I'm not. But other than that, we have very similar careers. But she, you know, she came up through operations. She came up through the supply chain. She did a multitude of roles. Her roadmap was a little different. She ended up in labor relations and HR. Again, you know, thinking about customers and people and, you know, the business and financial acumen that you need. So, anyway, I'll stop there. But that's kind of my perspective on it. Great fundamentals, great foundation. Awesome. I think what I heard you say is your background in supply chain kind of translated and kind of served as the conduit to ensure the future success as CEO and Schneider. Thank you so much for sharing. So now moving on to the next question, we talk to Tatiana. Tatiana, so as someone in the strategy and planning of global supply chains at Colgate-Pomo-Lib, can you tell us a little bit about how you got into supply chains and what are the skills and qualities which have helped you succeed? Hi, thank you for the invitation. So always I've been very curious about things, how they work, you know, why, what is the process behind that? So I always asking why, you know, even when I was a child, right? They take me to the movies and, you know, night movie, but I wanted to understand what's behind. How come I'm seeing this, right? So I will never stop. And my father was like, okay, just watch the movie, right? And I'm like, no, but I want to know what's behind, right? So I'm always have that in me. But then after I get the why, I start thinking, hmm, how do I change this? How can I make it bigger? How can I make it brighter? So that two qualities of curiosity and always trying to evolve and change has been always with me. And I think that has helped me in the supply chain because supply chain is something that it's always evolving. When you think you implemented something and you're like top of the notch, guess what? A new technology arrived, a new idea arrived, right? So it's amazing. And just relating it with my career, you know, I started in Columbia as a planner and I had a system and I thought it was a good system. You know, I could work with the system. And then I got a promotion. I went to Mexico to manage planning for the biggest auto care plan that we have. And they were not using the system. They were using Excel and I was like, wait. So I thought I was gonna go forward and now I'm going backward. And that is started to trigger things in me, right? And since I always asking what is going on, what is behind now? And you know, fast forwarding now I'm the global director of planning and guess what? Right? And like, I know how it works because I ask and when I was a planner, I took the time to understand everything and now developing and transforming not only the system because you understand that you can have the most beautiful system but if you don't have the talent it's not gonna go anywhere. And it's not only going, having the talent but having that change management and empowering the people, right? That instead of become a good system users the system works for them, right? And they become augmented planners, right? It's decision making instead of operational. So I think this path has helped me to be now here and start working in this digital transformation of my area of planning. And what are the next steps? That's awesome. If I could paraphrase one of those, you know the ability or your willingness to kind of change as I specially help you a lot considering, you know with the current times and supply chain when everything is changing, it's such a faster pace, right? Thank you so much for sharing. That's really insightful. Now we're moving on to the next question we have for Monica. Monica, so why did you choose supply chain? And tell us a few things you've created through digital transformations to enable world-class capabilities for Dell. And how difficult, if at all, is it a moment if that has been for you? And can you share some insights from your journey all along the way? Sure. Well, I started off my career at Dell in manufacturing software engineering. I had a lot of leadership roles managing software development teams and I was finishing up an expat assignment in Shanghai where I was moving or bringing up an engineering organization. And as I was repatriating, that's you start thinking about, okay, what role am I gonna come back to? And that's when I made the conscious decision to move more into supply chain roles. I've had a few roles in supply chain, but some of the transformations that I've delivered are transitioning, you know, participating heavily in the outsourcing manufacturing strategy that Dell had from engineering perspective, you know, partnering with our ODM partners, selecting trade tools to start digitizing customs compliance. And then recently, my biggest one is that I'm leading a team that's delivering programs that's gonna transform the demand-planning organization. Difficulties along the way, you know, I feel like I've been very fortunate that I've had a lot of great colleagues and peers that have been supportive along the way. So, you know, I just feel very fortunate. I've had mentors, colleagues that I could, you know, rely on or ask questions on through any of my challenges throughout all the different roles that I've had. But the one thing that I'll say about supply chain and why I really enjoy it is, and I think why it was an easy transition for me from engineering is to echo some of what Tatiana is saying. It's all about problem solving. It's just what problem are you solving right now, whether in the process or capability. So, that's why I like supply chain is that's all you're doing is solving problems. Awesome, thank you so much for sharing that. So, moving on to the next question we have for Dina. Okay. Dina, so as the IT director for Conning GSM, could you tell us a few things which enable you to successfully build a digitally collaborative culture at your company? Absolutely, thanks for having me. Before I go into the digitally collaborative culture, I wanna say I'm a little different probably than some of the panelists. I came into supply chain kicking and screaming. I was a marketing major and a finance major, but my first boss was a chemical engineer and I was in the oil business. So, supply chain was everything under refining, marketing, supply and transportation. So, he made me memorize and understand everything from the manufacturing process, chemical engineering process for the oil business, right? Cause he wanted me to know the whole value stream from manufacturing and supply to supply chain movement. So, yeah, he, it was rough. And I think to the other panelists point, what keeps me in it is that it is some of the most complex problems to solve all in one spot, cause you get to do everything. Everything, you know, my first, you know, four-way into it 30 years ago, I got to solve problems in our retail network, where we had tens of thousands of gasoline stores, problems in the refinery, right? Problems with our global transportation networks. We had very large crude carriers and you get into vessels and problems. Like you get to learn everything to the point where your brain hurts, right? And so then later I evolved from just being a process and a domain expert, you know, and later in supply chain to how do I digitize supply chain? And so your question on using that experience, that context of the process and the domain and to the work with my partners who are some of the most amazing leaders in supply chain that I've ever worked with and coming from consulting when I work for over 30 companies, I have perspective. Cause if you, you know, 30 years of consulting before coming into industry, you get to see a lot across a lot of different companies. And so that perspective, along with really strategic leaders that I work with on my business side, and then my background in technology has kind of really helped solidify me. What I love about where we're going with supply chain, you know, the digital part of digital supply chain, just the challenges we face for having real-time visibility, where is my stuff? Who has my stuff? What condition is it in? You know, is it stopped at a port? Do I have a trade compliance challenge, right? You know, everything, the challenges of digitizing everything with invoicing. It's not enough to have paper and email and people doing all this stuff anymore. We can't afford that. We've got to automate, we've got to digitize, we've got to focus on ecosystems. And that's been my journey here at Corning, working with amazing business counterparts to say, how do we do more with less? How do we challenge ourselves? How do we leapfrog? And I feel really confident and really encouraged with the journey that we're on. We've been very successful with digitizing a lot of our global source to pay operations. We've been very successful with, you know, kind of the cutting edge on, you know, trade and compliance and the movement and supply chain visibility. And it's a culture shift. My colleagues and I joke that being in digital supply chain is like being on a suicide mission. You know, we're constantly telling people to learn, unlearn and relearn. And they're just annoyed with you, right? Like, I just got comfortable with this. I just learned this way of doing it. Please don't come with a new process. So, I mean, that's why I love supply chain because you never get bored. You get to do everything. And that's why you really get to see everything. You get to go deep in manufacturing. People are complaining about consignment or they're complaining about, you know, the vendor manager inventory over here and you get to go deep in the problems, right? You get to understand the financial because a lot of our products are index based, right? And so things are dynamic. It's not static. It's not easy. You've got to be fluid. You got to be quick. You got to crunch numbers and you got to know engineering. You got to know everything, right? So, like I said, I went into this kicking and screaming. I just wanted to feel comfortable behind my little spreadsheet, do my finance work, do my little nice marketing. And then, unfortunately, I work for, or fortunately, I work for this chemical engineer that says, no, you know, you're going to learn it all, right? So, like I said, there's that kicking and screaming journey. You signed up for this versus you were voluntoed. Awesome. I think one part of what I heard you saying is that, you know, you're translating your experiences from working in the oil industry to, you know, your work at Cardning. But what I'll also learn from your bio is you spend considerable amount of time in IT services, right? Yeah. And Sunyang and Accenture. So, do you have anything or, you know, what's there's something if that you could want to highlight one thing which kind of helped to translate your experience from your service industry into what you're doing at Cardning? But do you want to share anything on that, Lange? Yeah, my experiences, you know, in the Accenture of the World, PWC and EY is that, you know, I translated because most industries are not single-dimensional anymore. Working and consulting where you work in multiple industries and starting an oil, which is technically multiple industries, it's retail. I was just as worried about selling hot dogs and car washes as I was about selling refined oil, right? So that perspective of understanding the complexity that there really is no industry anymore. What is Amazon? It's internet services. It's commerce and trades. It's everything, right? So there are no industry walls. So I would say the most value-added thing coming from consulting and multiple industry perspectives is that I accept the new reality. There's no such thing as the industry. There's just digital capabilities and services and the ability to evolve quickly for value. Thank you. Thank you so much for sharing that. Yeah. Monica and Tatiana, do you want to add anything to that on what you heard Tina saying before we move to the next session? Well, I have a few voluntold stories that we could go into, but I think that's, Tina, I think that all of that's happened in our careers and I won't say who was involved, but I do remember a bottle of wine and it was, we can drink this bottle fast or slow, but when we get to the bottom, you're going there, right? It always starts with, I have an amazing opportunity for you, right? But you know, I would make the comment that in your careers, when opportunities present themselves, having the courage to walk through them, walk through the door and take the opportunity is a big part, I think of what supply chain also teaches you. Many times you're going into situations that are unknowns, problems that need to be solved. And I think your descriptions of that, and actually all of our panelists have had kind of similar examples, right? Where you just kind of walk through an unknown door and I think supply chain gives you the courage because you know you have the chops to go figure it out. Thank you so much for sharing.  No, no, just agreeing and it's all, I can relate to everything. It always starts off with, have you thought about this? Or have you considered this? And then that's when you're looking at your boss or a mentor saying, okay, where do you want me to go? Let's just get down to it. But I think Annette is spot on being very open. I've had a lot of vast varied experiences from customs compliance, manufacturing, software engineering, IT roadmap planning, deploying IT tools and being open to something completely different because what enabled me to broaden my experiences so completely agree with Annette, it would be willing to say yes. I mean, even when you have no idea what you're stepping into. Yeah, and I think that's another, I will say leadership skill that you develop in the supply chain and it's being courageous and feeling okay with being uncomfortable. And that's okay, right? I mean, I had many experiences also that, once I was working in logistics and got a call saying that one of our warehouses was not going well, just take a flight and go there. And I'm like, and it was a country in Germany, my German is not fluent. I speak only Spanish and English and I'm like, I don't even know how to say good morning in German, you learn. I'm like, good. So next day took a flight, landed there and I'm like, dear Lord, okay, let's see what we do. And just ask a lot of questions, break the problem, several pieces and work with the team and start solving. And that's what supply chain gives you, that opportunity to do troubleshooting, but only that but being courageous and then you develop empathy, which is something that Annette mentioned. And then I think it's key, right? You need to understand, you need to be in the shoes of other persons and understand what's going on. And then you develop that. Awesome, thank you so much for sharing. All right, so let's switch gears here and let's start the segment, the second segment with the most important topic of the day. With the current state of the events and especially with the COVID and the pandemic, supply chain has been on everybody's mind. And I'm sure most of our attendees who are here with us have a question of how would supply chains change? How would the design and future of the supply chains evolve? And on this slide, so my first question I have for the panel is, in your opinion, how big of a shift are we going to see in supply chains and what sort of activities are happening in your organizations to enable the shift? Is it an open question or do you want to- Yeah, I can start, I know there's a lot of expertise here, but if I could take it at the very broad level, what I see is the pandemic has really exposed what I'll call fragility of the supply chains and it's really coming from over-optimization. And you think about it, we've over-optimized on labor costs by moving into low-cost countries, we've over-optimized in factory floor space utilization, we've over-optimized on transportation lanes, we've over-optimized basically every end-to-end aspect, very focused on productivity, lean manufacturing. And I think what's happened now is this over-optimization really after a decade, decade and a half of lean manufacturing principles has really showed the fragility of the supply chain. And I think all businesses are now looking at what and how resilient can they, should they be and how much are they willing to spend on it? And there's this concept called anti-fragile, right? How do you make something more anti-fragile? And you do that in the wake of black swan events that we're seeing with respect to COVID or the pandemic, the situation we're in now, but not only, I mean, we see climate change events impacting supply chains and businesses. And we also are starting to see social unrest and what's happening in our country and in other countries with respect to this. So these are all things that disrupt the very efficient and very optimized flow of our current supply chains. And so our teams have been working with Dr. David Simchilevi out of MIT looking at time to recover, time to survive, risk and resiliency and really understanding where we need power to, do we need to do more multi-shoring? Are we too dependent on China? So we've been working on all of these things in the ambition to become more anti-fragile in an environment where the events are not even predictable. And that's what we've really been facing over the last six months. Awesome, thank you so much for sharing. So Monica, maybe I want you to, I have a question for you based on similar thought. So Dell is focused or Dell has a concept of just in time manufacturing. It has embraced it in the past. So how do you see the current state of events affecting the future supply chains of Dell? Well, what we're doing right now to, we're in the process of transforming our end to end planning organization, which is one of the big transformations that I'm leading. And around that transformation is providing the visibility and the transparency so that we can respond to these unknown activities. A lot of times because everything is disparate, not connected, everybody has their own source of truth, it takes too long to respond to any event. So that's what our focus is on digital transformation is how do we connect everything so that everyone at least has the same data, but more importantly that you can get the information faster and respond with a plan to address the issue. So to me, it's about being able to see the problem in your supply chain faster so you can respond faster, whatever the instance is. Okay, got it, thank you. Tatiana, do you have anything to say on that? So very much identify with what Annet and Monique are saying, right, so it's not only, so we started in our company, our let's say transformation before COVID, just before COVID and then when COVID hit, guess what, we need to go back to the strategy and say, okay, we learned something, right? We learned that with COVID we're not passing off, right? We're not seeing things in the, and I don't call it real time, I call it the right time, because some things you don't need to see every second, it's when it's right to see it, right? And so we went back and adjust, and we are in that process and that, as Annet called it over optimization, which I love, I call it cost obsessed, but I like over optimization better, has robots to have one supply chain capability, right? Fast, fast, fast, fast and efficient, efficient, efficient, but with all these changes, we realize one capability doesn't fit all and also we don't support as we show the growth of the company. So I am leading right now, the transformation of the segmentation, which I know Dell already did and Annet also it was done in your company because I read very good papers about the segmentation process that you did. So I'm leading that and we're saying, okay, it's not only to be cost efficient, we also need to be agile, right? So how do we respond better to the market changes and what implications that has for our supply chain? But it's not only about our assets, we are also working about the way we connect with each other, the way we make decisions, right? Even the way we start a meeting. Now we started meetings completely different. We have one slide that says the objective of this meeting is this, this is what we're gonna discuss and these are the decision owners and only bringing that new ways of working and it has brought a lot of agility to our supply chain. So I think COVID of course, Terry will not want one in a pandemic, right? And a lot of casualties and it's something that we all have learned in your professional life and in your personal life. So I think for us it has injected to our supply chain how do we come resilient and how do we transform fast? Yes. Yeah.  Yeah, I guess I would have to reinforce some of the things that Annette has said, Tatiana and Monica, starting with the anti-fragile, right? We are seeing the weaknesses in our supply chain where we're vulnerable, whether it's because we're not getting the insights fast enough, we're not connecting the dots fast enough, it's too manual, it's too human-dependent or what have you, right? And closing the loop on that, right? I think, Monica, you really dwell on that to say it's just the lag is too much. We've got to get the insights quicker, faster to kind of pivot. And so we are trying, that's what we're working on is ecosystems. I just think the supply chain of futures about ecosystems, you have got to get smart enough to know that you can't do everything, you can't know everything, you have to have partners ready to go that are, and that partner, they can't be the weakest link in the chain, right? You've got to make sure that everybody is strongly bonded and ready for this, right? And so that's what we've been focused on. I am concerned about just closing those gaps on human plus economy gaps, right then, that how do we enable people to see more insights, not focus their time on the tactical, non-value stuff, get to the world is moving so fast and the variables that we have to analyze, there's so many of them, and there's just a lot to unpack and digest and we want to empower people to be successful and really get to the answer and understand the root cause and pivot as we need to. And then we also, I think Tatiana, you were hitting on this to say, we need to, and then that hit on it too, we need to understand on these supply chains, it used to be that it was one variable, lowest cost, wherever it was in the world, but now we got to maximize and constrain to two or three variables, lowest cost, but minimally in this region, right? You got to have regional supply chains, you can have some things that are global supply chain, you've got to really think in parallel mode, right? And that is really complicated. And then, as part of the supply chain, what exactly are you selling? I mean, I think a lot of companies are challenged, we still have this product mindset when we live in a services economy and helping even our commercial counterparts understand, okay, what are we really focused on and moving and bundling in the supply chain for value, the products, the services, right? And the adjacent revenue that comes, you're starting to make money in our supply chain in areas that we never thought, and they may not be core competencies, but the next thing you know, it's an amazing opportunity, right? And so just thinking outside of the box and not having a checklist culture to say, let me just check, check, check what I've done for the last 20 years and not just really being open-minded around value in the supply chain. Things like supply chain financing, right? If I got to buy from you anyway and I can help architect, let's say, a financial structure that helps you, helps me, right? There's a gazillion things of value in the supply chain that we've got to start thinking differently and not just on the core product or service, right? So there's between the financial dimensions, between the ecosystem and partnering dimension that you cannot try to do this all by yourself and then just being brave enough to challenge the assumptions that were true for the last 20 years, but are not true today, right? So that's how I would sum it up because, and the supply chain is first, we have to sense, right? We have these plans, these SNOP plans that we have a demand plan and then we have reality of what's trending and what's happening right now and moving right now and we need to quickly recalibrate, right? And get to the demand-sensing truth, regardless of what your salespeople thought, regardless of what your capacity gives you favoritism around, but like, what's really gonna make money right now and what's really selling right now? So it's just really complex. Supply chain is, it gives you a headache, right? But it keeps you engaged, that's for sure, you know? So, Gothery, could I bridge back to, you know, sort of your opening remarks, which were around, you know, you can see supply chain jobs are becoming technology jobs, right? I mean, this is really a digital transformation. And, you know, I've been fortunate to work with the World Economic Forum on the future of manufacturing and the future of supply chain.  And, you know, we've heard some of that, how you get people to move to a new, you know, digital tool or capability.   And, but this is amazing because this factory, a 65-year-old factory that probably no young person, no new supply chain person that's interested in technology, would ever really want to work in, is now a highly digital, highly technical, you know, you can see, you know, you can see what you need to see, when you need to see it. These are the factories now that, you know, we're asking people to go work in.  And the digitization of the supply chain, of the factory, of the planning, of the, you know, logistics and network design, it's, this is, you know, this is all part of it. I should say, I know that you're going to, sorry, go ahead. Yeah, I wanted to add to something that Deanna said, and then even Annette touched on, is as we talk about how we're transforming supply chains, the roles are no longer going to be the same. So, you no longer need a planner to be an Excel expert. That is long gone. Now you need what Deanna was saying is, how do they consume the information? Now you're going to need much more problem solving, collaborative skills, influencing skills, so they can go navigate with sales and suppliers. So that is something that is really huge that is, you know, kind of runs in parallel with us as we're deploying tools. But I think as we continue, as the technologies continue to advance, there's a lot of whole new jobs that are going to be coming at us and we have to figure out how we identify those quickly, how do we train our employees to get there or start to have to go and search for the right people to fill some of these new roles. Awesome, thank you so much. Now what I was saying earlier was, you guys read my follow-up question through that was, you know, with considering the state of moving from over-optimized supply chains to supply chains or optimized supply chains, are we going to have more opportunities in there? And I guess you guys answered it perfectly. So I'll move to my next question. And Deanna, I'll put you on this since you touched upon this topic slightly about demand sensing and demand planning. So demand forecast is very important in the future of supply chains, especially in the fluid environments we are in. And our world's a DSCI especially. We keep hearing from companies that the demand forecast is inaccurate at the best. So how do you feel about it? And what are you doing in your respective companies to avoid this type of problem? Yeah, we actually have a very large team wrapped around this very topic that say, how do we improve our forecasting accuracy? How do we get planning to be a lot more dynamic and more sensing? We have some divisions that they sell through distributors and they feel out of touch with the signals, right? And that they're missing the mark in some of their forecast. And then we have other divisions that are largely tied to let's say a specific industry like automotive and they should be able to see the signals, right? Cause, you know, when COVID hit, it was posted which plants were shutting down, you know which car manufacturer said, okay, well I don't need to make a part of the plants. You know, if I'm a part of their bond assembly, you know, read between the lines, right? So this is an area where I just think that the challenge is the seasonal spikes, right? You know, I think we have the good long-term, you know, aggregate planning, okay, but it's these spikes that come out of nowhere, how long and when will it level off, right? Getting to that, I guess the term is more SNOA that's operational excellence and just this real-time pivot and closing that gap. That's where we're struggling. All right, but we got a lot of good people, a lot of good brains on it, but I will say it is not easy. And we need to give them the digital tools that are that adept and agile and really makes it transparent and connects all the dots. It's not easy. It's on a journey and we're just really having to collaborate with a lot of others and put our brains together cause it's just not simple. Yeah, it's not even simple for AI, right?  And, you know, I've lived on both sides of this equation, you know, complaining to the sales team if you could just give me a better forecast to being in that very team saying, holy cow, I wish we could do a better forecast, right? And, you know, so the supply chain could be more responsive. And the reality is I think we're never, you know, we may even be in a more uncertain time. So flexibility and agility and realizing that we have to plan for what's knowable so that we have some capacity to react to what we can't know. And I think there's a lot about what we can't know. I mean, most companies can't know how they're gonna finish the year right now. Most companies can't know what 2021 looks like. Most companies cannot know these things. They're not really fully knowable. So agility, reactivity, flexibility, you know, connecting as many dots as, you know, both, actually Tatiana, actually Monica and Dina have all talked about. I think these are really, you know, these are really important things. And again, you know, a lot of that, what's knowable, plan for what's knowable is gonna come from, you know, this has come from digitization of planning, which sounds like you're all, you know, top performing supply chains really working on it. Yeah. And I, building on that, Annette, I think in the demand planning area, it's where you can see the most transformation with digital and the system utilization. We have been able to see good results trying, segmenting our products and focusing in the ones that, you know, are stable and you can predict using good statistical models and using the system, right? And you can see how the demand plan accuracy goes up for those one. And then you dedicate your people on the ground to do that collaborative work with the commercial area for those SKUs that are less predictable, right? So we are focusing instead of, you know, trying to figure out the demand of this SKU that we know is very stable. Let the system work on that. And you can see very quick results doing that. And, but as you're saying, it's not a good enough anymore, right? And we have been saying supply chain is changing. So now injecting that POS data, injecting that artificial intelligence that I remember in the past, you know, we said, well, I wonder how weather, you know, affects toothpaste. And we don't see a relationship, right? But nowadays, artificial intelligence is not about weather anymore. That's what we used to think, you know, last year, today is like what's happening, what is social, what's coming. So trying to connect that, I think is the next step and where most of the companies are working on. Yeah, maybe just to build on that, Tatiana, if you think about planning being, obviously, it's the nervous system of the supply chain, right? It's really making the critical decisions.  And so this makes it really tough on supply chain professionals. And, you know, one of the things that we've been able to figure out is that, you know, with these lighthouse factories, we can actually think of them as a glass factory. We can actually see inside the factory, we can see, you know, maybe a panel board spent, you know, too much time in wiring, too much time in a particular category, we can begin to communicate with customers that, you know, we may see a half a day delay, a day delay. And in customers, you know, that are doing their own planning, they really appreciate this kind of capability. So I think how we're communicating with customers is also, you know, critical inside this end to end look. Yeah, I think that's a perfect segue into my next question. And maybe Monica, you can start on this. So I think Amazon has set the bar for customer service really high, as you just mentioned in it. And in the same time, you know, the customers have evolved. And one of the recent words at DSCI, we started to talk about the profiles for new customers, right? So do you see new customers in your business and what are their characteristics and how has that been different from the ones you had previously? That's my question number one. And my question number two on the same lines is that do you think that women have any particular advantage with respect to understanding the needs of the new customer that you can or you must organize your supply chain around? So first off, just to be kind of funny, I think women can do it all. I think women can do all the jobs in supply chain and be successful. But back to your serious question about are there new customers? I don't think there's new customers. I just think their requirements continue to evolve.  So I think it's more of like, it's still the same process. You have to listen to what the customer's needs are, what their requirements, and partner with them on that. They've got a lot of different options now that they're considering. They're wanting a lot more flexibility, Amazon set that barb. And, you know, they're looking at end-to-end services. They're trying to, you know, consume things differently. So again, I don't think it's just new customers. It's new requirements. And I also think what Deanna said about, you know, there's really no product segmentation anymore. Everything is equally the same when you're shipping it. Thank you. Deanna, maybe do you want to comment anything on that? Yeah, you know, I agree with Monica. It's not that the customers are changing. They're evolving their needs. And I think the challenge is beyond services, they're trending toward outcome. I want to pay you based on an outcome. You don't sell airplanes anymore. You sell uninterrupted flight hours. You don't sell cars anymore. You sell mobility services on demand, right? And so it's changing our thinking. You don't sell sneakers anymore. You sell a subscription.  Like you sell personal training, conditioning, coaching, and sneakers under Armored Us, right? So understanding what you really sell, are you selling something based on an outcome, or are you in the first generation of a service, but like literally nobody's that product anymore? That's the complexity. Yeah. It's a really important point.  And, you know, you think about the environment we're in, you know, are we going into a lower CAPEX environment and the things that Deena mentioned become more and more relevant. You know, we actually have a joint venture with a company called Carlyle, and it's called Alpha Structure. And this joint venture, what it does is it creates microgrids for companies that are interested in, you know, driving renewable energy. But, you know, you don't bring the capital. You just pay per kilowatt hour. So you buy energy as a service. Carlyle brings the capital. We bring the technology and Alpha Structure, you know, does the work. And I think that's, you know, that is more and more what we see customers asking for us. So I would say the characteristics of the new customers that may not be buying a product, but they may be buying, you know, more of a service. And we, you know, that becomes, that becomes different than for the supply chain teams. For sure. Thank you so much all for sharing your insights on these really pressing topics. And with that, I guess we could move on to the Q&A. So gentle reminder to all the attendees. So please prepare your questions, post them in the little Q&A space or the chat space which you find at the bottom of the screen. So we already got a couple of questions. So let me get started with that. So this is a question for Dina from Becky Cabell. So she says, or she asks, have you seen any upstick in using IoT internet of things technology within the supply chain? And what types of opportunities do you see that in that space? Oh yeah, absolutely. That is absolutely critical. That's so foundational. We actually have, you know, when I said, you have to answer the question of where is my stuff, who has my stuff and what condition is it in? We actually have sensors on some of our assets that are in transit, right? We might need to know exactly where it is. Has it encountered shock on the road? Or has it tripped past a certain temperature because we do have live biologicals and things like that in our life science division, right? So there's attributes about that product while it's in motion that we need to maintain.  With your product, right? So yeah, IoT is absolutely critical because we need it for the signals to get the insights, right? To know where we are, how things are moving and how things are. Because we might have to, in the last minute, you know, push something else to a customer. Something might be in progress on its way to that customer. It's damaged. Now I got to get into a contingency plan, right? And I need that signal to tell me so I get as much of the head start as possible. Awesome. Thank you. And Tatiana, maybe if you could add something, especially with Colgate Formula, there's a lot of consumer goods industries. How do you embrace the internet of things? One example that we are using internet of things is in our manufacturing plants, right? So they don't work in silos anymore. So they're completely connected between all the plants. So we have machines that are either connected with the suppliers and when they are failing or about to be failed, right? So we're moving from to preventive maintenance. They connect immediately. And the person that is in the plant can connect. And we have, you know, the Google Plants that you can connect and you can show how to fix it, how to repair, how to do that. I mean, when I was in manufacturing, you know, 20 years ago, and you know, the machine broke and we're like, okay, where is the mechanic that knows how to fix it, right? Nowadays, we're all connected. And what is, I think, more important, sometimes we connect like an oral care plant in Mexico without an oral care plant in Poland. And they share, right? And they can talk and they have all the information in the tip of the fingers that it's something amazing that at the end what brings is, you know, for us to become more agile and to be able to respond to issues faster. It's important that, you know, almost all devices now produce some kind of data, right? Almost everything is connected. It produces data, but the real opportunity is in the insights, is in the, frankly, is in the advisory layer of that.  But, you know, being able to compare the factory, as you said, in Poland to the factory, you know, and another part of the world is really critical in driving, you know, the operating efficiency. And, you know, in this environment where we've probably over-optimized so many things, these particular insights are gonna become even more and more important. I'm instilling that over-optimized. Like I wrote it down. I'm instilling that, but I like it. I think it's all about taking all this real time data and Tatiana to a point and using it at the right time to get the best results for your supply chains. Okay, so let's move on to the next question. We have one from Venkai Lee. Let me rephrase this question a little bit. I think Venkai is asking for your recommendation on a good book to learn more about digital supply chains. Is there any favorite book of yours which you would like him to take a look at? To be transparent, nowadays, and things are evolving so much and so fast that I'm not reading book, I'm reading articles. Every day, there is a new article with something about digital supply chain, about transformation, about, I just read a topic yesterday about how a plant can become three different types of plants within itself. So nowadays, what I'm doing is just connecting to good repositories of articles. Garner has, Harvard has, and McKinsey has. So I think that's how I'm connecting with digital supply chain and good lecturers. I'm really following David Simche Levy of MIT. I've known him for a very long time. I actually worked with him in one of my previous roles in companies. I think he's doing some of the most amazing work on business resilience and how you make these decisions. He's got a case study out there on his website with Ford that he's done on how to think about what kind of revenue you're risking based on maybe where you have a supplier, what that supplier is doing. Do you have a backup for that supplier or not? I think, really looking at how do you use the information you have? What information do you need? What needs to be digital? What and when do you need the information? And I think Dr. Levy has probably some of the best thinking on this from my perspective. And then there is a book out there and I stole the word anti-fragile from Naseem Talib who has the book called Anti-Fragile. So I've read that one and I think it's quite insightful, yeah. Thank you. Yeah. The next question. I'm like, yeah, I would like to weigh on that one. I'm like talking on, I've been reading a lot more articles but I'll tell you one book that really got me into the digital mindset is Zero Marginal Cost Society and just digitalization. Like that really gets you thinking and then from there you'll go to the living supply chain and some of the books and that's talking about but I just think those are foundational ones. Actually I still go back to a lot of lessons from Zero Marginal Cost Society. It's really fascinating perspective on digitalization. Thank you. Thank you everyone. Moving to the next question we have from Magdalene. She says, it's a big thank you to all the panelists for your insights. And her question goes to Tatiana and Monica and which says, what's your personal view about the supply chain industry and how has the industry changed for women in the course of your career? Looks like she's given you a tough question, baby. Yeah, I mean, as far as how I've seen it evolve I think that why I've been able to manage it is number one being able to or being willing to try new things, being a problem solver, being open to technology. I think that opens the doors for a lot of women with technical backgrounds and the ability to problem solve that gives them opportunities in supply chain. That's what I think. I think that more doors have opened that way in that they're looking for problem solvers or looking at people who can get their hands dirty, understand what the problem is and go fix it. Thank you. I have seen the evolution, of course. I was, for example, the first woman to be a planning manager in one of the countries I have worked. So I always try and I looked back and I was like, okay, I was the first one, right? So it's important that we as women open doors in the supply chain and not only in the supply chain in any area. So we have a responsibility, right? To open doors and open them wide, right? To do an excellent work. So the ones that come in the next generations have a good leader and a good career. But I also think about what Monica said. It's about being courageous and it's about having the capabilities and the commitment to do our work and that will be recognized for sure. And the one thing I will add to Tatiana's comment is that I don't think it's moving fast enough with women in leadership.  And I think how we get there is exactly what Tatiana say is that all of us, you know, really how you change that is you give people opportunities.  But I don't think that it's been moving fast enough just in my 20 years in the engineering and supply chain industry. I agree with Monica and I still can see it. You know, sometimes there is a meeting and I'm like, okay, I'm the only one. Right? Not that I would lack difference and, you know, I'll still speak up saying that I do all the time, right? But yes, we need to make sure we put more pressure to accelerate. Perfect, thank you. So the next question we have is from Vijay Lakshmikadambari. Maybe, Anneta, I'll direct this question to you since you spoke a little bit about the opportunities. So her question asks, what are the forthcoming opportunities for supply chain in a country like India, which is still in its early stages of tertiary infrastructural development? Yeah, you know, it's great. I'm glad you asked me a question about India because actually one of the last roles I had, I was responsible for that region of the world. So I, you know, I love the country. I love the people and I love the capabilities. And of course we know that the Prime Minister has, you know, really focused on manufacturing and India becoming, you know, the manufacturer for the world. And frankly, Schneider's been in India for 50 years. I think Dell's been in India for, you know, probably 25. I think a lot of companies been there a really long time but had kind of struggled actually, you know, making progress, making, you know, actually making money. And, you know, our particular presence in India has really come alive in the last decade. And I think there's huge, huge opportunity as they changed, you know, some of the tax structures that were really an impediment to, you know, moving things around the country. And I do believe that India can become a bit the world's exporter as, you know, as costs in China continue to rise and obviously tensions between, you know, different geographies of the world continue to change. I think India has a real opportunity to be the winner, frankly, in all of this. And at least from what I know on the political side, you know, talking to, you know, the policymakers in Washington is that, you know, they're very bullish on India and the long-term relationship between the countries. So I think India has, you know, potentially a great decade ahead and great capability.  We're talking about design. We're talking about R&D.  Thank you, Annette. So next question we have from Joe Munoz. The question is, what needs to be done differently to accelerate the presence of women in supply chain roles? Any examples you can share from your experience? Can you repeat that? I'm sorry, you were cutting out for me. Oh, sorry. Am I audible now, Monica? Yeah, yep. So it says, what needs to be done differently to accelerate the presence of women in supply chain roles? And any examples you might want to share from your experience? Well, I could start because I feel like maybe of this group I've been working on at the longest. And I, you know, I agree with the, I agree with the comments that Monica and Tatiana made that it's really disheartening when you go into a room and you're the only female there. So I think, you know, part of it is about hiring and hiring strategy.  And then I think it's about pay equity. And I think this is a really important point because, you know, we know that pay equity is critical. So it's about gender pay equity. And then it's really about creating environment where people can succeed, all people that it really embraces differences, embraces diversity, you know, racial, gender, you know, orientation, it is about creating that culture. And, you know, again, if I could brag for just a minute because I'm really proud of it is, you know, we were just named one of the best places to work in 2020 by Fortune Magazine. And it doesn't, you know, for manufacturing production. So for this category, and it doesn't, you know, it doesn't come without work. It comes, you know, you have to have a talent strategy that is really mindful and focused on this specific thing.  We're engaged in the United Nations He For She campaign. We have many men in our company that are, you know, have overtly said, I am here to support women. I want my daughters to have opportunity. I want women in this company to have opportunity.  But this is a multi-pronged approach and it starts with hiring, honestly. Perfect. Thank you so much, Annette. I'll move to the next question. I guess we partly answered this. So maybe I'm gonna skip this about skills needed to focus on learning, but I'll move to question asked by Mohsen Warsi, which says, thanks all. And question goes, when you face tensions and trade-offs between various objectives, your roles, whether it could be financial, environmental or sustainability, how do you make decisions? For me, it's easy, take the customer side. Perfect. To be honest, I've never seen it serve me wrong. And I know that sometimes, you know, you get people thinking about their silo, their function, their P&L, their this, their that. And, you know, if you wanna take the best side of any equation, take the customer side and you'll always be on high ground. And that's my best advice. So take the customer side, you've heard that. Okay. Um. That's a really loaded question. It's a powerful question and I agree with, and that would, you know, we're challenged with that. Like there's a lot of social responsibility and sustainability things coming into supply chain now. And so we're balancing the customer side and the extended stakeholder network, right? You know, you start looking at certain things like industrial mining. We know we need certain raw products in our supply chain. And we gotta balance, you know, future needs for sustainability and social responsibility and what the customer wants today. It is such a complex, loaded question and it challenges us every day. Awesome. Thank you. So we'll move on to the next question. It's by Ms. Deanne Lau. She says, in your experiences, what were the biggest problems with cross-border supply chain systems and how would they solve with digital supply chains? Can you repeat the question? So she says, what were the biggest problems with cross-border supply chain systems and how would they address or solve with digital supply chains or solutions? Cross-border? Yeah, yep. Monica is a cross-border expert. Oh, Monica is a cross-border expert. Yeah, well, you know, number one, the problems with supply chain is what I've seen in my experience is nothing is connected. Everybody has their own system record and no one's data is the same. So that, again, goes back to why we're digitally transforming is getting everybody, at least, looking at the same numbers and the same information so then you can have the appropriate conversations. So to me, the biggest challenge is everyone's in their silos, everyone has their own Excel spreadsheets and nothing is easily connected. And it's not like people are being purposely not sharing information. It's just not easy to do when nothing is connected and they're going off their one spreadsheet and their phone call to procurement. So that, to me, is the biggest challenge that we have and why I think it's very important to move to digital to try to get everything into one system of record. And I will add... Yeah, I definitely... Go ahead, Tafiana. I wanna add an affid. Go ahead. I will build on Monica and when we talk about supply chain, supply chain does not start in the manufacturing plant and ends when I deliver the product to my customer. When we say truly supply chain end to end, it starts... And not only my suppliers, it starts in the source, right? And then it goes all the way down, connecting all that, as Monica said, it's the key. Are we there? Not yet, most of us, but we're trying to get there. I think that's very important to understand what it's end to end supply chain and bring along our external partners, not only our suppliers, but we have contact manufacturers. We have co-packers, right? So Colgate, it's a company that has many manufacturing plants, right? But we also have external products. All of that is the end to end supply chain. When you start looking at the supply chain like that, that's when the transformation starts and then applying digital to do that, it's the challenge that we are all working on, right? Yeah. Yeah, I want to add on to Monica's point when she said, hey, there's a lot of players in the ecosystem, whether it's freight forwarders and brokers, nobody has the same digital truth and it's a mess, right? But beyond that, the rules are so complicated that our systems can't even support it. We're getting into trade wars, where we have to know as a percentage of that product is the origin from a certain part of the world and is it 10% that's China origin or 30% like, I don't even have that kind of bomb detail on this stuff to even tell you that, right? So we're all out of whack, we're all out of compliance and the systems that can't even keep up with the complexity of the legislation that people are writing, right? And so that's what I worry about. And I actually have a degree in public policy. I need to go talk to my comrades and say, calm down a minute. We can't even operationalize some of this stuff, right? That's what trade is, the more complicated area of all the things that I manage because the rules just keep getting complex. Yeah, and the technology piece of this, because many devices now are smart and many products are smart, they're producing data, where's that data going? Does that product have any unintentional functionality? Do we need a secure supply chain? Where was that circuit board made? Who made it? This is all, it's all getting a lot deeper in the bomb of any particular, especially an intelligent device. So cyber is becoming another angle on all of that. I didn't touch the question was around borders, but I completely agree with Annette and Deanna. I've selected and deployed a couple of trade tools, one even at Schneider, but Deanna's point, things are changing so fast, even if you're using a very good trade tool, you still, there's still a lot of work to keep up with the ever-changing regulations between countries. And then at the end of the day, it's cross-border.  I guess, I'm sorry, but we have to end this Q&A. Apologies for some of the questions we weren't able to take, and we are at almost the top of PR. I just wanna say a few quick things to wrap up. So first of all, again, I wanna thank all my panelists for such a great discussion. I personally feel like I've learned a lot and there's a lot of food for thought here. Secondly, what I heard and what I want to highlight is supply chains is no more back office operations, right? Supply chains have been evolving at such a faster pace and they've been more important than ever and that enables it or creates more opportunities for us to grab. And finally, I think I just wanna highlight one of the research studies by Dave at DSCI, which kind of says the skill sets and supply chain have been evolving. And I guess I've heard Monica Piers kind of touch upon that saying problem solving, influencing and all these skills have now become important, critical thinking and all this stuff. So I believe women have an untapped advantage which can be utilized in utilizing these skills towards building resilient supply chains and whether it could be employees or employers, I think we gotta make the most out of the supply chain transformation through inclusion and diversity. With that said, I think we're almost, it's 10, 15 ET. So just one final comment. So to all our attendees, we wanna keep this conversation going. We will have other initiatives planned. We appreciate your feedback. So please, please let us know what you would like to hear from our community and us who will receive a short survey through the email which you've registered with number one. And we want to continue this conversation or we want you to continue this conversation using the hashtag women leading supply chains. And thank you everyone. I just want to ask Mr. Chris Kane if he wants to leave us with any final comments for the session. Sorry Chris for putting you in the tight spot here with respect to time. That's quite all right. And I know we're brief. I just wanna thank in that and Monica and Dina and Tatiana for being with us today. It's great. You didn't have to do it. You made a choice to do it. We thank you for it and we hope you'll stay connected with us. To paraphrase Tatiana at DSCI, we think we really have a commitment to open doors of opportunity for women in supply chain. So as Sigathri, thank you Sigathri for doing a masterful job of moderation and facilitation. And this was organized and conceived of by you and a couple of others, but I wanna thank you for it. We will have more. This is not an event. This is an initiative and we as Sigathri said, please send us your thoughts about if you were us trying to create a community of impact and support for women in supply chain leadership, what should we be doing? So please give us your thoughts and we will be in touch. Thank you all very much. Thank you. Thank you and we look forward to seeing you again soon. Thank you Chris. Thank you. Thank you. Good luck everybody.