Good morning and welcome to this week's edition of Encompass Live. I am your host, Krista Porter here at the Nebraska Library Commission. Encompass Live is the commission's weekly webinar series where we cover a variety of topics of interest to libraries. The show is broadcast live on Wednesday mornings, every Wednesday morning at 10 a.m. central time. It's officially an hour-long show, but it could vary, depending. Both, and the show is recorded every week, both the live show and we have archives on our website that I'll show you at the end of today's show so you can see where you can get all those. Both the live show and the recordings are free and open to anyone to watch, so please do share with your friends, neighbors, family, colleagues, anybody who you think may be interested in any of our topics. Our topics are very broad. Our only criteria for the show for Encompass Live is that something library-related, something libraries are doing, something we think they could be doing, new programs or services that we think they could be useful to them, and we are the Nebraska Library Commission is the state agency for all types of libraries, so we serve public, academic, K-12, correctional, museums, anything that's a library. That's what we're here for. We do a mixture of things here on the show, presentations, demo interviews, book reviews, many training sessions, basically anything and everything out there as long as it has something to do with libraries. We have a Nebraska Library Commission staff that sometimes do presentations that you'll see on our agenda, on our schedule. There's some things that are programs and services that we're offering here locally for our libraries in Nebraska, but we do bring in guest speakers and that's what we have this morning. Next, this with me today is Dana Bowdo, Dana Bowdo from, and Joan Konecki, both from UNL, from different libraries, and I'll let you guys explain more about where you're from and how it all works and work together. So they're from the University of Nebraska at Lincoln, just walked down the street, I was going to put you, was it raining or something? It's that time of year here in the Midwest where we have tornado warnings and random snowshoes, no more of that, thunderstorms that will pop up. And then presentations this morning about resources from UNL libraries, your partners in service accessing UNL libraries resources. So I'm just getting out of here guys to take your way. Thank you, Crystal. I am Dana W. Arboden and I am stationed on the East Campus at UNL at C. White Thompson Library, and I am an Agriculture Librarian, Science Librarian and currently work with some departments on the East Campus at Leadership, Education, Communication and Science, Biological Systems Engineering, the Natural Resources and the Research and Extension Folks, and my colleague, Joan Lina-Kaneski. I'm a Science Medical Librarian. I actually work with the School of Biological Sciences and the University College of Endscreen, College of Nursing and Individual. So that means I get to visit both campuses but I'm based down on city campus. And of course, I go to meetings on city campus a lot too. There's a lot of going back and forth in various locations that there are. Only three months. And so here on the top page as well we have the URL for the main page for the University Libraries and UNL. And the University of Nebraska-Lincoln of course is Nebraska's land grant institution and we serve the state and its citizens. And so in relation to that what we'd like to highlight today are discovery resources, those items, those materials that you can access remotely from anywhere, not just in the state, and those that as citizens of the state you may be able to discover remotely and then depending on the level of interest you or your patrons can come to Lincoln, walk in and use any of our materials. The only, you do need a community user card to be able to log in on the computers, public computers at Love Library and at CY Thompson Library in the smaller branches which have limited hours. They don't have that log in required but big ones we do. Then all you need to get a library card is your state in Nebraska driver's license. Cool. You can get a community user card which will be that code so you can access the computers and use them for up to an hour and a half per day. Of course there are some folks that are in a relationship with state institutions across the state that they can acquire access that will live for three hours per day whereas university affiliates have 24-hour access possibilities. Is there any cost for this? Just as long as you're in another state. No. Not to come in and use materials in house if you wish to check out materials there is a fee for that. However you can use your interlibrary loan from your home library. You don't have to walk in and check out. You don't have to do it yourself now.  It'll happen in a few days anyway. Exactly. So here's the main website and we with the being the university website we work within university guidelines as far as that's been played for the page and so that explains some of the ways our pages are set up. From this top page you can see there's a search box there it's our quick search. Down below it shows you have a couple of other options advanced search or classic catalog. Classic catalog is just what you think that if the you know old-fashioned cards in the drawers that had the title author subject cards that's what's in the classic catalog so it's going to be whole journals you know by journal title not articles from within whereas the quick search box that we have here as well as the advanced search that you can go to access beyond just our catalog to more resources and so you'll see a bit more of that as we go along. Here I have plugged in simply in that quick search box the term cattle ranching and you can see up the top here the tab that circles says on core because on core is the name for that search that is done excuse me via the quick search and so as you can see so I don't have there he is as you can see with the entries that come up have come up here the first one is available electronically via the internet. The next one is at CY Thompson Library it's the agriculture library and so it makes sense that it's out there and then the third one is at Love Library where it's related to Charlie Russell the artist and and so it's an art related piece so it's at the main library on city campus and then this service goes beyond those print or online ebooks to give you what I like to call a teaser listing of three articles but it's only searching specific databases and I'll say a little bit more of that in the next slide then on the left hand side you can see the limit by and so you have the different possibilities of well you know if you're coming in remotely and you can pick the online items now whether they will be open access or not give you aren't a university affiliate is another question then of course you could limit to work cattle ranching specifically in the title or as a subject heading the type of material to limit by format we have three dissertations and three feces that are on cattle ranching then we get down to limit by the collections and our digital commons is our institutional repository then if you were coming specifically to east campus down under limit by location you see 18 of the items are at see why thompson library so you could know specifically what's going to be located there or at love and so on then we switch over to advanced search and with advanced search of course that implies that you have more possibilities as far as your capabilities with searching so you have the choices of keyword title subject author and we plugged in ranch or farming and we've truncated those so there's an ending with andative with cattle specifically in the title and we've nodded out she we don't want to hear about she and so with this we've gotten a higher number we've more than doubled the number of items that we're getting with our results and again you can see the different locations and here you can see there's two article results twisted and down on the limits on the left you can see that there's even more limits possibilities as far as by language or by place that relates to where in the world the article is about if it's within the record for the item it's indicated then we go a little further down and the page and you can see even more of the limits and you can see it only gives us three articles as i said it's just a teaser and you can see here that it's saying view over 80,000 more and it's like oh my gosh that's a bit overwhelming and this is simply searching academic search premiere and business source premiere with with this capability and of course academic search premiere search is popular stuff as well as scholarly stuff so that's part of the reason and how many years of coverage you got there then another thing to point out is below those article listings you can see that next one has that the item is at the library depository retrieval facility which is our storage facility and for those items when you go to and open that actual record you would need to request that item if you wanted it in print and to be able to get it or set up and go to we now have a reading room at the like LDRF we call it at the facility and but it's only open in the afternoons from one to five and so you need to set up that possibility of going there or playing on that and you have to make an appointment for that or is it just always open? No, it's just open in the afternoons. And if you're going to come and use the archive materials or the LDRF calling and scheduling an appointment just so we can pull materials make it easier and easier. Just planning it out a little bit. Where is the facility? It is located on east campus north 33rd street north of Holdridge if you turn in the east campus entrance off of north 33rd it's just into the campus there on the right so it's on the western edge of the east campus and we actually have two buildings now. People that were at NLA several years ago when I first opened and a couple times actually I think we've offered tours to the facility during NLA but just last year we had the opening for the second portion and the addition of the reading room. And this piece is actually an example of the dissertation so you can see that there's also links to actually the online version. We have digitized all of our dissertations. Yes, and so it indicates as a dissertation more the one below it indicates it's a thesis and we are in the process of working on getting thesis dissertations as opposed to the doctoral dissertation. They are all done unless there's some sort of restriction that's been placed by the author if they have something they're getting a patent on or they're like in say English literature and they've written something that they helped to publish as a book or poetry or something like that. Otherwise they live all the way back to the late 1800s when they were mentioned a little more about how those are set up. Yeah institutional repository. Now with the switching to the articles you can see Tab up here and it's actually not only over 80,000 it's over 89,000 that it found and it's giving us a couple of the it's giving us a listing of the articles here and you can see we have the button find this for me with this first one and the second one has you know it's going to be the PDF and so of course that indicates that you can go directly to that PDF and I'm always making the comparison to our students that of course ABC doesn't advertise the shows on CBS those big networks so it's kind of the same thing and that the articles that have the links are have a relationship with the vendor with academic search or business source which of course is the same vendor for both those and but just because it doesn't have that doesn't mean that we may not have it available electronically whether that will be available electronically open access or you would need to come to campus for it so and if you click on the find this for me then that item indicates that yes we have it available electronically through science direct and so here's our clicked on find this for me and it opens another tab and shows us that link over to the article and of course with science direct and easy as that direct is journals is actually that's a hot link itself right right and of course that's a vendor that has licensed restrictions and so you would only be able to access that remotely if you're a university affiliate and have your end card and log in through the proxy server otherwise you become to campus in the library on campus you would be able then you get it right yes and download it and take it back with you then we have an example here uh of a web bridge web bridge is actually what the find this for me is using um with science that you've made it from English yes yes some of it but i like you know like get it for me and find it for me it's very don't think about it this is what we mean yes any library words yes this is our link resolver yes so if in the future we switch from web bridge the link resolver will still be known as hopefully yeah find this one they'll still say that is yes and and it um some vendors wouldn't let you use web bridge at one point we said i had the button like with this web bridge and i kind of realized what's more intuitive if you just say yeah uh but the students in jack or anybody using don't care what the business they're using they just want to do the thing right what is a thing that i can do with this let me get to this yes and the issue with this screen you see the journal of animal science find this for me checked and it says we didn't have it request delivery but link resolvers in these technology pieces that we get they're only so good yeah so i usually go back to on core back to the quick search and i search for the journal directly just a double check because i really want that article and is and think about it we're a land-grant institution we're not going to have the journal from the american society of animal science unless it turns out it's from in the other something you just can't help from the title sometimes yeah so searching here in on core this is what pulls up and the beauty of using on core i i know some of the librarians like to use classic i love i'm one of the ones who likes to use on for directly because it includes both the print and if we have print and the e-journal so you see two records here so the first one literally says journal of animal science print material and if you click on the show library holdings it'll pop up a list of all the print volumes we still have which by the way it means that it could be requestable for in your library loan we turn it into pdf and off it goes the second one is the e-journal right and in this case now it says show links to full tax so that's how you can click open and we made when you pop that open we may have access to that e-journal through science drag we may have access to it through two or three places j-store as well so you don't know how many different sources are providing that but it also will show the day range the academic search premiere may give us a range with the embargo at the end you know right here in the campus and available but we have the full access from the publisher so we cover that so that show links to full tax could do the full idea of what do we really have access to and if you're on campus clicking on the links right there takes you to really get to it yeah as you're likely aware there's a lot of variability as far as what electronically is available um it means different each publisher yes yes whether there's an embargo on the recent materials or it only goes back 10 years as far as the access we have our journal biological chemistry i use as an example a lot is starting in 1905 access to the whole thing so there's that variable now you also notice up in the search results where you just plugged in journal of animal science in the quick search and you can see that it count 524 but thank goodness journal of animal science the journal were wanting for they actually came up as the top to the end program to bring them to the top and then if you're just looking for the e-journal we also have another option in this screen going back to the main page databases and journals option when you click on that the top of the next page is search online journals by title that's essentially our e-journal fiber so if you're just about to see on the e-journals you can search the title and there it is we have it um the nice thing about this is you can see that it also indicates peer reviewed right next to it that's the ending when you have a scholar who's trying to publish an assignment you also it says title begins with and that's the type of search we did i also could have pulled it down in uh do the title includes which is more of a an or so i could have put in animal science journal in that fashion and it would have pulled up the journal animal science but it would also pulled up any of the other journals we've had and it has those words if i've been told by a professor or a friend i'm sure it was in the journal of animal science well that's why we also have an animal science journal and it really was in there so this is another way you can find those things and on this one you can see right here that our coverage currently electronically is from 96 to the present but of course we do have the journal all the way back in print and so again we needed something for 1995 you could do the in the library alone request and only if you've gone this route you know i'm just looking at what's available electronically yes you have eliminated the print right but again in this case with this one it's through oxford journals so it's licensed restricted and since this does do title begins with there was a listing further down you know it's because this next one starts with journal of animal science man and so there's more listed but you notice this one is open access so there's some you just have to check you know whether it's going to be available for someone to see that is not a direct university affiliate so you have this searching things that are not just because i know it's the previous page it mentioned google scholar yeah so this is searching not just your things that you guys have paid for your license databases but this journal finder is the unl journal listing so this is our collection of the journals okay um from that main page the databases and journals we combine the database listing with the journals listing you want to get a better screen out later on well you can see at the very bottom that this uh is available through bio med central through direct real open access journals so that's those freely available then if we take a look at the classic catalog as you would suspect it has those ways to search that are familiar through a classic catalog not only the keyword searching but title author by lc subject headings you can also specifically search journal title if you know you look for a topic and you keep seeing the same call number initial part of the call number you can plug in that call number and electronically browse the shelves so that whether an item is say a biological sciences sort of topic well some of those may be at c y thompson library some of those may be a club library some of those may be at lbrf all of those they're going to show up if you find duly call numbers those items will be pre-1960 as far as our collection and then of course those government document call numbers that they could get different numbers in other ways that they can search so we plugged in cattle ranching and here's the first of the entries with those the first few are print then we have a digital and then we have this and long and you might recognize this ld 36 56 that always indicates a dissertation 36 56.5 is a master's thesis but you don't hang yeah you don't have to remember the insiders and and then it has the year and then the cutter by the author's last name that's the way our our thesis and dissertations are set up all of your dissertations are thesis in the facility then building yes they have it's a privately controlled space so it's a preservation choice yes and and there's not only there should be actually two copies as far as print until for doctoral dissertations went completely digital in 2006 and master's thesis went completely digital in 2010 but the ones earlier than that there should be two copies one that can be checked out in case there's something that i know i have a page in my dissertation that i couldn't put out electronically because of research and some of these so you'd only see it if you borrow the print one and then there's also the copy that's held by our archives and special collections and so here tells you what all those formats mean so the master that was actually it wasn't a doctoral i've got it but that's why you know yeah yeah the images help you just and very quickly yes and of course when you open the record it's going to give you more information yeah what it actually was so i miss both 36 56 is master's 0.5 you have to move up to 0.5 half a step up so now we go back to our main page and we'll take a look at collections down at the bottom center here we have image and multi-media collections yeah you keep in mind we said that encore had more than the catalog it's all these digital collections all that material that's in there that's what's captured in encore so that we didn't talk about the images have on the search from encore there was we talked about encore and we talked about articles but in between there was images and so that's going to get in to some of these collections that we're talking about here another thing to point out is that you will find that there are more there are multiple ways to get to some of the resources and groups of items where they're more they're listed in more than one place and so archives and special collections it's located on currently on the lower level of love library south they have more limited hours so if someone's coming in they're going to want to be aware of that and you can schedule a plan a visit if you get in touch with them ahead of time you can let them know what you're wanting to use there are resources online for browsing the collection so if you're wondering if we have Charles Bessie's papers and you want to get an idea of the folders that might be within that that's the sort of thing that you can find out you can also find out about if you know that there's image that you found that you want to copy of it here's information about the permissions and fees for using that sort of journey and then this highlights some of the main exhibits and projects with more applicable and then of course the university archives it has the university history and one of the neat things that we have is that there has been a project to transcribe the cornhuster yearbooks all the way back and those have been put in so that they are completely searchable nice not just the index in the back like if you were holding your hands but the whole thing about that is this was like crowd sourcing these were put out in people volunteered to transcribe so these are all alumni who have gone through and transcribe the yeah they enlisted alumni in the alumni magazine and i know like our students at CYT if they're you know we have to have someone in this and so that's something that they've been able to work on if there was another project that stuff is yeah yes that's cool and then there's also a heading for finding dates and subject guides and of course there's photo collections listed there then we have the Center for Digital Research in the humanities and these are some major collections that you've seen news items at the university may be aware of the Walt Whitman archive the Willa Cather archive and the national recognition that the CDRH has received for having these collections and Willa Cather's letters yeah collection and that sort of thing and these are all open access so being able to use the university as the finding guide this this is all accessible from campus these are anonymous trips we did have an incomplete slide a few years ago about the Willa Cather and probably we did update possibly on some of these and then we have our digital comments and this is where those dissertations and master's thesis are we also have highlighted in the heading some of the major items and it's our institutional repository and so it contains a wealth of the articles that our faculty have published across the university and those are open access and available and you notice this map here it has this was at 142 and had it open for a little bit and four items have been downloaded you can see where they are yes it puts the dots up there and so this the last one that was someone in Texas that they brought that up western saloon it's an urgent period and you can search across this repository there's also an advanced search that you can add you know more boxes and do the usual Boolean sort of searching with different topic categories and then as you scroll down it tells you the collections of public access over 80,000 articles and ebooks and so on and the public access dissertations all free and available to use across the world and so that's why those dots show up from across the world we have some open access journal publications the portal is a journal that is in our institutional repository the pro quest dissertations those are all those dissertations all the way back but if you go through pro quest if they have not been turned over for public access and it's the large listing of all the dissertations you will get the 24 page preview which of course depending on dissertations and how long the acknowledgments are in the global contents sometimes you don't get very far anywhere but but say like mine mine is listed in that pro quest group but the public access dissertations it's over under the college so that when you go through the public access listing and you go to a specific department then you see that we will see the whole thing then the other house didn't mean to play and a recent addition is clickable access from here to the Nebraska scholarly comments which is for the university system and so it has all four institutions institutional or repository accessible and so here is the page for that and when you search in this box it's going to search across all four institutions not just you and me or you do go to each individual or course from here if you know that what you're looking for is not in whichever unit yes what if you're curious what has been found in the particular topic area you search your own for your questions right exactly and then as i worked on this i went back 28 minutes later and there had been 38 downloads in that time so more than one a minute and of course you have your totals here of how many have been done in the past year how many totals since the repository has been up and our colleague mary polans just i can't be the last one being downloaded by someone in london you said total downloads since this is put up how how when was this first put up oh no they know that not it's the 48 mean yeah um what year was it what's been in this oh no it's been long in that because i did the doctoral dissertation solid digital in 2006 and that was part of this that well they moved into digital comments yes that's been a lot it has been a lot actually we are one of the top institutional repositories in the country by numbers right yes reason then we switch over to those image and multimedia collections and what's supposed to be a familiar with the Nebraska tractor dance and the glass plates that they have there and we have arthropods so the collections and then this Kruger miniature collection you see this piece of furniture this is such a neat thing because you see this don that's the first specific design yeah that's how small the miniature furniture collection is so this is that that's the images online that people can access do you have the actual items in the library or somewhere in the university dorm those miniatures i mean oh oh yes yes yes it is an actual collection somewhere that yes it is yeah it um it's with architecture that makes sense yes interior design yeah and and all of the photographs of course that they're their photographs or slides collections that we have then we have the government information and documents and one of the things to highlight with that is that we do have a couple of subject guides we have live guides that are subject under the heading subject and course guides and the accessible a couple of different ways under a couple different headings from the main page to get to the subject and course guides and and of course we are a government depository library and a wealth of that material of course now is is digitally available right um then this going back to the main page this is again where that databases and journals link was we stopped there to look at the um e-journal finder which is on the next page but this is the primary link for our databases as well now yes um databases as everyone's dealing with our commercially licensed we have the restrictions faculty staff and currently enrolled students every once in a while we have students who's not currently enrolled to figure out why they keep it in so it's very tight but those licenses for the most part there's a very cute down but the most part they're all on campus access regardless of your affiliation so an on-campus visitor has access and that's something i think that a lot of people don't don't know that will yes it was a trick or you know the way the licenses are written they just assume yes that well i'm not part of the university so i just can't but it's not and i'm sure there's some smaller private maybe i don't think in Nebraska that's true i think Nebraska library is sure everything they can but the same would apply to UNK or UNL going into the library to have access to their databases um and since they allow on-site users that means that yes you can come on campus and based on ip recognition you can go into the library and you can use the community card the data was talking about and use the library's computers great for a limited amount of time but the other trick is that it also works if you have your own device your laptop and it's signed into the university's best wi-fi oh because that wi-fi is recognized as one of your hygiene so i've done that when i've had events or i've gone to that campus and my devices are being set up for that and just go connect into it and i wonder over that way so said to say um you could come to campus to use all our materials and decide to park yourself by dump and donuts or in the union and ever a nice nice weather on the bench and just do your research sure and run in for your fix on the book um now that when you click on that databases and journals this is the page that you see on the left hand side you see the search online journals by title that was the e-journal finder that we talked about earlier well down below that university template requires a lot of scrolling yeah um down below that is the databases and then the first part of that page here's the databases and you see our most popular databases in academic search premier web of science focuses are always multi-disciplinary databases so they cover a lot academic search premier of courses are the favorite because it has so much full text connected to it it also includes some of the more popular databases like Eric education education in pub med for medicine and then there's also a world cap is sitting there and yes we did admit google scholar into the list although when i'm talking about google scholar i tell them it's a web search engine not a database but here it is sitting on the databases page but this link does go to a google scholar that's been preset so that it is showing the url full text links now anyone can do that from anywhere if anyone has a question about that they can do this but you can set google scholar to show library links for any number of places so that's handling personalized to your institution yes and you can switch but i'm going to be traveling to up to the medical center let me see what links they absolutely know what i'm going to be able to find now if i scroll down further we also have a listing by subject and by alphabetical order so you can see the a to z list that's pretty simple what we normally have that's four main subject categories arts and humanities social sciences sciences interdisciplinary studies each one of those will pop open right now we have arts and humanities popped open so each of those lists underneath will do a prescribed search and show you the databases we have that are related for example to history so what history databases do we have what biology databases do we have and the databases are not limited in which category they can be in so if i search in the english language and literature date list i might also see a database that's listed under history because of its long-term things in that yeah so it's really nice to be able to put in here i need to do the research in this area you can see what we have things you may never have heard of in fact oh sure and if we scroll down further we have it sort of by type newspapers geography maps statistical sources notice in the lower left hand corner this is another place where you can find government documents or right and on the left hand side sorry primary sources this is a really valuable one especially going to come on campus if you're doing some historical research you just primarily want to find those original documents yeah we have access to the reader's guide retrospective going all the way back we also have access to the historical newspapers things like the Chicago Tribune Washington Post and the neat thing about those historical newspapers is when you literally go in and you search you can see the text it's been transcribed but you can also look at a pdf image of that article in the original newspaper and you can even look at the page so you can see the advertisements the things that we know about in context uh huge i looked for the Chicago Great Fire the Chicago Tribune and it was just so fascinating and we and we are in the process of kind of rejuvenating our entries for these items so these here you can see that the a's have been done so so the number ones that don't have it but the a ones have it very obviously full text so there will be that indication that the entire list updated in that way as to what is available and beyond the the newspapers we also have a lot of the we have the 18th century collections and the 19th century collections full text of documents from that time period supreme court records um the congressional serial set so all sorts of different primary resources are under there now going back to the main page thinking ahead to that you want to visit campus this is the main page but all of a sudden you see this large uh red block when you look at the main page there's a narrow red bar talking when you hover over it with your cursor it's supposed to pop down like this and it does most of the time if it doesn't on the left hand side you can see the the three um parallel lines i'm going to call it a hamper yeah that's what i'm going to say the hamper's are icons it'll pull it down that's this is another way yeah this is another way to get to a lot of these different things but looking at um using libraries the um the hours are there so you can plan when we're open and it's building by building so you can literally have the geology library zone versus love library and i did mention accessing the wi-fi if you look down at the bottom of using the libraries connect to wi-fi that literally will give you the chance to set it up and it is good for six months so that device and it's renewable so this is a really viable option for somebody wanting to come to campus we also have under research the subject in course guides we have lots and lots of different guides there we also have assistance for grant seekers we are a foundation center library so we do have access to the foundation center databases um and under ask us you can see subject specialists frequently ask questions and then we do have a list of all the different libraries now the ask us page is useful both on campus and off but from off campus this is our chat if you scroll down on the ask us page you can literally be connecting with us to ask you questions and if it's not um live if it's after hours when you scroll down you can see that it won't connect to the FAQs and these are lists of questions we've received in the past from questions we realized people would be interested in and what will this be useful for uh the live chats we use the screen share for almost everything at this point our FAQs our um scheduling the screen shares we apply oh i probably should forget you said you use that you probably use everything that they yeah well at one point in time actually we're using a different chat um we were using the 247 but we found it wasn't working very well for us because the 247 was accomplished by other librarians in other states right answering questions and unfortunately some of the questions were far too local too unique oh right so we were doing better by documenting those kind of questions in the FAQs and you can actually if you click on the c i'll frequently ask questions you can literally search that database that they use is the Dunkin Donuts open 24 hours not only during the finals okay not during the week before finals and finals believe the warning comments is open 24 hours the Dunkin Donuts closes at what is it like one or something yeah it's almost it and so i have to have time to make those so i think the very top of here i think it's important and then also i'm going to ask this to have subject specialists i would consider this as important a resource as any of the databases in a sense we have librarians in all the different areas and you can literally look at who's the librarian for biochemistry in this space my office may you know me um here's Dana and i of course in safety we have all the different librarians listed there and all the contact information so email questions um you know come visit set up a console and then here is the foundation center i wanted to point that out especially Tony is our contact for that she um offers individual and group training for this the two databases of the foundation directory online and the foundation grants to individuals now those are databases that allow you to hunt for what foundations exist and what have been awarded they're not actually applications for right money but this helps you find ways to request and that at least gives you an idea of what types of um grants what topics have been awarded yes yeah what you potentially successful right what kind of way right what ones have been successful you could possibly emulate or yeah and Tony has worked with this for quite a while so working with her we have a grant writing guide that's leaked from here as well so if people are looking for a little bit of help that way she's a great resource and the you can see her box there that if you switch on the subject specialist list over to by faculty member then under each of us like if you went to jones page it would list you know not only biological sciences but they are all maybe it's the other thing yeah that he's going to do yeah here's Tony's three areas that she works with well that was a really fast run through many parts of our web payout and our system all right um wait I took lots of notes myself with things that I want to go back and look at perfect I may be spending the next half the state next the rest of today so you know so we might be late getting our recording today up because I'm exploring the different online so I'm actually more interested in a lot of the digital worries that pictures but um anybody have any questions comments thoughts anything you want to ask um while we are um still here on the line um type into your questions section of your go-to webinar interface anything you want to know and we can go live yeah sure um see this is steep here and then you can just click down at the on the fire button yeah that should pop open there yeah we can show you things live yeah so here's the live saying if you sleep with the hover over the menus and you're talking about it yeah it just says a little delay I think is oh yeah if you just have a little picture of a browser oh really okay and I think the machine how many tabs so that's always a machine yeah that's why I don't do because it does work in and uh redoing some of the slides with this I ran into that that it wasn't coming down for me I was having to go to the hamburger to get a fish out of it yeah why isn't it doing that sometimes it's not explainable we're all for computers oh sure yeah um okay we do have a thank you okay um oh someone just clarified for Lincoln at the house of their head Lincoln for Lincoln residence um you you can get a free unl library card with your driver's license and that will allow over the age 18 okay well there's a little bit of I mean I don't sorry that will allow you to come into the building and use the computers it does not have checkout privileges with it unless you pay the fee but that's definitely like you that used to borrow books there's there would be a fee to do well and if you're in Lincoln I would definitely consider libraries right yeah so if you wanted to go into unl and um borrow something there's see what is the fee I think was it is 25 or 50 yeah I haven't paid it recently so we can't have the time for it yeah you have to go out and ask um but the recommendation is to find out what they have that you want go to your local public library and have them do it your library along and then you sounds like we're doing a bathroom but circumvent their fees does not this is a money making no it's actually meant to kind of reinforce the library's lending to libraries works better for everyone involved and they want to encourage people using your library one year 50 yeah okay yeah there you go that's how long you want it you need for it do you want a whole year 50 so you're doing a special project the 25 would be more than enough yeah if you do it's a short term and I just need to be there yeah but you can use the library if you don't need to check things out take them out you can sit there in the library as long as you want using the resources the time limit thing is only for the computers yeah add love and some like constant work yeah so the libraries generally speaking are open to the public to come in and use anything get a car if you want to get on the computer and then go to your local public library to your library loan if you physically need to take something home with you for some reason we actually should have had a screenshot of this because the one thing we did forget to mention clearly was the reciprocal borrowers say for somebody that's from a university college in Nebraska those faculty and students can bring their ID in with obtained a card and it's it's still considered a community user card but it's actually more of a scholars card because you get three hours of use per day per day right yeah that's right there's a reciprocal borrowing between all the and this isn't just community this is all colleges and more from the SCC yeah and that means they can also check out community colleges everybody yeah that's cool um question um where do you get the wi-fi passwords for library use how does the wi-fi connecting work you know what you do is you connect your device to the wi-fi network so there's no password is that actually you will actually register your device with the university's wi-fi system using an email and it sends you a um i'm going to use validation email code or something i've done it to myself and i can't and you're using the libraries hold that yeah yeah connect to wi-fi yeah yeah so it's unlike some which i know in lots of places like if you go to like scooters there's a wi-fi password for the week um this actually does work differently it's not an actual password it's just tell us your email address we email you something back you use that who's you're connected you're essentially registering your device yeah with the university device do you have a tablet a laptop just do each one and it's one device per email so bring your your device of choice is at that time yeah i'm going to use your laptop your tablet and your phone all on the same email create a couple of three emails get a gmail and one device per email for persons for guests yeah yeah so one on your phone one on your phone that's true yeah there's always ways yeah yeah so it does work a little differently than what you might be thinking as far as getting on the wi-fi which is actually pretty select you don't worry about that correctly did i forget to capitalize on something yeah yeah and like i said once it's set up it will it will stay registered for six months yeah and that's relatively uh recent maybe a year and a half so maybe two years before that it literally was uh we've been requesting it every day no every time you went it was ridiculous but yeah they have found a different way to do it so it's really nice all right any other last minute questions were a little after 11 o'clock that's okay we started a little after 10 so we were fine um anybody have any last minute questions you want to ask mom we're all still here um both of their contact information was well on the slides but also obviously on the website so if you need to let her from contacting and join with any other questions afterwards absolutely just definitely just a few horse guides all the guys yeah so there's lots of various areas yeah these are always such great use because they they talk in general about the topic usually and then give you resources that are both libraries and sometimes outside of the library resources to get to on these topics so yeah highlight we mentioned the google preferences uh scholarly information on i'm setting up the oh how to do that here okay oh nice okay that's a great job yeah all right doesn't look like anybody's desperately typing anything in in the last couple minutes so any last minute thing you guys want to say to grandpa thank you so much for having me yeah thank you oh glad to yeah um as i was actually telling them before we started the show um that this is a session that you guys did do at last year's um Nebraska library association and school librarians association annual conference um and i do attend conference um as often as i can and can't get to everything of course and there's lots of good resources also good sessions that are presented there every year and for ones that i think are really good to you know we do line up a slide i love to have that and for ones that i can't get to myself there's only so many things you can do in two to three days of a conference um i invite you to come on the show there to be share this and then get the word out to more people about you know what's going on and what's available to to everyone in the state and outside the state for something um through you and i want that so i'm very happy to have you guys that's great all right so i think we will wrap it up for today that's more thanks coming through to you guys so that's great um the show is being recorded let me grab a mask from you right now and we'll be on our website and what i'm going to do here let's see if this will be more um so far in the world i we are the only thing called encompass live so if you use your search engine of choice we should be the only thing that comes up um on our main encompass live website as we've been recorded we've been recording um down here here's our upcoming shows but right underneath them is a link to our archives and this has the most recent one at the top this was last week's introduced and rest author database um this one they did not have a presentation they just um had the recording but the link um this would be the same thing for this today's show i'm recording but they want a second link here for the slides so you have access to those as well they should be available as long as youtube uh cooperates with me later this afternoon everyone who attended and registered for today's show will get an email letting you know when it's all ready so you can go and look at um we'll also put it out through our social media and our mailing list of course to announce them back this is our um i'll show you this is our archives that we have for encompass live and encompass live this is the 10th year of our show which is a little yeah thank you uh and we have all of our archives here you can see we do have a search um a feature here now where you can search all the archives and we'll look in anything that we have here in the description and down here there's more information about who the presenters were topics um anywhere in there we'll look for any words you type in you can also just look for the most recent 12 months you know with something just recently or if you just want to find recent information as i said this is our archives and i'm going to scroll down now so if anyone gets a little uh seasick with this it's going to go pretty fast but it goes all the way back to the very beginning january 2009 are all here and up on our youtube all the everything is here so do keep that in mind when you are using our archives looking for anything uh there will be older information in here everything is dated so you know exactly when it was originally broadcast so you can take that into consideration when you're looking and watching anything um but uh we are librarians we save and archive things so there is all of our everything's there they will be old they'll be outdated information and there'll be some we'll call it incorrect outdated because things have changed there may be some links to certain websites that don't work anymore that people mentioned in their presentations but as a as a library or an institution you save it all there anyways or you so let's go back to the top now i know some people don't like to see that so i warned people when i'm doing that so um so that's where the archives will be uh so that will be wrapped up for today's show i hope you join us next week when our topic is computers and libraries 2018 computers and libraries is an annual conference held in the washington dc area and it was last month April 17th 19th and amanda suite who is our technology innovation librarian here at the Nebraska library so commission attended and she's going to talk about some of the things that she learned at about at computers and libraries so definitely join us next week to hear all about that and then for any of our other shows here's all our topics all of our sessions coming up in May working on warring june keep an eye on our website as i get things finalized and confirmed it will be added to the agenda also encompass live is on facebook so if we are a big facebook user pop over there give us a like you'll be notified of when new shows are coming up here's your reminder to log in for today's show when our recordings are available um when our recordings are available we post that on here so if you do use facebook and use it to keep up with things give us a like over there and you'll be notified that way all right other than that that wraps up for you thank you very much everyone for being here thank you guys for coming over thank you for having us we'll see you next time on number five


This study assessed the public health impact and cost-effectiveness of expanded catch-up HPV vaccination through age 45 compared to status quo, using an HPV Dynamic Transmission Infection and Disease Model. The results show that expanding catch-up vaccination would prevent additional cancers, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 2,3s, genital warts, and deaths compared with status quo at a cost of 41,000 QALY. With NHANES coverage, the ICER was 6,000 QALY. The June 2019 ACIP recommendation also provided public health benefits with an ICER of 17,000 QALY and expanding catch-up through age 34 improved cost-effectiveness to 7,000 QALY. This article was authored by Vincent Daniels, Vymalanand S Prabhu, Kodi Parma, and others.


This weekend we welcome Dr. Philip Bogus, who is really one of the up-and-coming stars in the Austrian movement worldwide. Philip is a professor of economics at the University of Rewan Carlos in Spain. He studied under Jesus Huerto de Soto, and he's written, I think, the most important Austrian book on the Euro, entitled The Tragedy of the Euro. We discuss both the history and the possible future of the Euro. We discuss what's changed and what hasn't changed at the ECB under Mario Draghi. We discuss the growing nationalist sentiments that are sweeping across Europe as they relate to currencies. We discuss German nostalgia, so to speak, for the Bundesbank. And we discuss, finally, how the ECB has effectively monetized the European sovereign debt crisis. Stay tuned. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Mises Weekends. I am your host, Jeff Deist, and today we are speaking with Dr. Philip Bogus from Madrid. Philip, how are you today? I'm very fine, Jeff. Thank you. Well, it is good to speak to you again. Let me open by saying that I think your book, The Tragedy of the Euro, is really a very important contribution to the Austrian discussion, so to speak, of central banks and monetary policy. I saw one commenter on our Mises.org website say that your book was to the ECB what Rothbard's against the Fed was to the Fed. Actually, I wanted to title the book first The Case Against the ECB, but then I chose The Tragedy of the Euro because my idea was to do something similar as Rothbard did with the Fed. Philip, the book really reads like a novel, and it's an excellent, concise history of the ECB. But I'd like to ask you, have there been any changes to the Euro or to the ECB in the four years since you wrote the book that would alter your central thesis? No. Actually, the developments are what you would forecast on basis of the books that they mainly that the ECB did or is doing anything to save the Euro, that the Euro is a political project. The last, let's say, Germans were pushed out of the ECB, the last Germans in the tradition of the Bundesbank because they did not want to print money fast enough as others thought would be necessary. So it has become more and more obvious that the ECB is an instrument of politics as I already had claimed in the book. So it's just what I thought would happen. It's interesting the way you explain the Euro as a purely political project rather than a true currency. And of course, Mises had a radically different conception of what money ought to be. It was basically an attempt to get rid of the Bundesbank, the German central bank because the central bank was the central bank in Europe that was inflating less due to the inflation phobia and the German population, which is caused by the hyperinflation of 1923, the experience of that and the experience of the currency reform after World War II when basically one generation experienced that they lost all their savings twice. So this led then to the Bundesbank, which were of course also just a money printing machine to keep up the government, but it did so less than the other European countries, which meant that if the other European countries, like let's say France or Italy, if they wanted to maintain the exchange rate more or less stable to the German mark, they had to follow the monetary policy of the Bundesbank. So if they wanted to finance their own governments, the French government, the Italian government, or basically the orders go the other way around. No, the French government spends has a deficit and says the central bank to finance it. So if they have a high deficit, the French central bank would finance it. And then there would be a depreciation, devaluation of the French strong. And this is, of course, very embarrassing for politicians. So the Euro was the attempt to get rid of this implicit discipline that the Bundesbank was putting on the monetary policy and to get the hand on it. And we have seen that this was a very successful move. So Philip, was the Euro in part conceived as an instrument for blunting German economic power? Yeah, in some sense, no. And there's this one anecdote that also tell in the book that there was at the end of the 80s discussions between German politicians or diplomats and French ones, because the French had stationed short range nuclear weapons at the German border that was supposedly they could only go to Germany. So supposedly if the Russians would invade, but of course, it's not very nice to have the short range nuclear weapons on the borders. So the Germans asked if there could be something done about that. And then the French answered, well, let's talk first about the German atomic bomb. And then the Germans said, well, surprised why we don't have an atomic bomb, you know, we are not even allowed to have one. And then the French replied, well, we are talking about the German mark. It seems like there is still this German collective guilt hardwired in Germans that compels them to accept whatever sort of globalist planning comes down, whether from the ECB or from Brussels, for instance. Well, it's less and less so in the younger generations. But of course, this guilt complex played an important role also in the direction of the Euro and the Euro crisis. You have to imagine that the politicians that are now in controlling German politics, they are the generation that was war-born at the end of the war or in the 1950s shortly after the war. And for them, they have still this complex that their fathers or parents were involved in Nazi Germany. So they still have this complex. And of course, in the media, it's also very strong still. So it's I think it's unimaginable that the Euro would have survived without this complex, because there are so many disadvantages for Germany to keep the whole thing up and to finance all these bailouts that I don't think it would have been possible without this complex. Well, has living and teaching and working in Spain these last few years changed your perception of the Euro and the Eurozone? No, I mean, you get the perspective of Spain, no? My academic teacher, who had a disorder, makes a case in favor of the Euro, actually, because he says it imposes some kind of discipline on on governments and he's in some sense he has a point because without the Euro, what would have happened in 2007, 2008 would have been that the Spanish Peseta, they would have devalued it and they would have just continued with the horrible policies. And now at least they have done some some small reforms here. It's not enough, but OK. Philip, do you think the ECB eventually will have to prevent Eurozone countries from issuing their own sovereign debt going forward? This could be in some sense we have already. And this would be a nominal thing, more or less, because in some sense we have already a Europeanization of bonds. If the ECB is basically guaranteeing for all European bonds, because they say we will do anything to save the Euro and we will buy any amount necessary to save the project. So in some sense, they don't need Euro bonds to survive. It would be more, more, I guess, confidence or psychological thing to say, hey, we really, we really want to do this forever. And it's it's the past dependencies. It's more difficult to to to get rid of Euro bonds. Once you have it, then to get rid of the ECB policy of unlimited financing. But it would it's not necessary. In fact, we already have we have a debt socialization in the Eurozone. So the ECB has all of its various national constituencies. The US Fed, of course, has 50 political constituencies in the form of our 50 states. Now, those states do issued bond debt, but they don't each have their own central bank. Yeah, this was the one different until now that the Fed didn't didn't buy no state debt or municipal municipal debt. This is was why I called it the tragedy of the Euro because there are several independent governments, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain, Italy, and so on, that can use one central bank to finance the expenditures, which is the tragedy of the comments and you can imagine if you are of your politicians. It's very nice because you can externalize part of your costs. No, if you buy votes with government expenditures, you promise big projects, you spend it, you have a deficit and part of the costs is paid through the printing press because the ECB buys or in the Eurozone is actually the banks buy the bonds and then they give them to the ECB as collateral for new loans. So the ECB only indirect indirectly holds them. So it's a way to monetize these steps. The cost is, of course, that the purchasing power of Euro is lower than it would have been otherwise. So the nice thing then for Greek politicians, for example, is you can externalize the cost of your government expenditures in form of a loss in the purchasing power of the Euro on foreigners because the purchasing power of the Euro also loses or goes down all over Europe and Germany, France, Italy, and so on. So Italians, Germans and Frenchmen are paying indirectly for the Greek deficit for the Greek government spending and Greeks and French, Germans and Italians, they don't vote in Greek elections. So you see the incentives for the Greek politician that they they can externalize the cost of their spending on people who don't vote in their country. As a result, doesn't the ECB operate to increase nationalism and resentment among the Eurozone countries, despite the supposed goal of harmonization? Yeah, this is one point that I make in my book, not one teaching or that or if Frederick Bastiat showed and the oceans repeat again and again, free trade leads to harmonious harmony, cooperation, to peace. But this is this is broken up through the Euro system because it allows one nation to live or one political class to live on costs of the people of other nations, the Greek, the Greeks, for example, the Greek government, they they had very early pensions, a very higher government spending, very high, many, many government employees. And all the spending was paid through the printing press indirectly. And all other Europeans were paying for it. Of course, nobody or almost no one understands this monetary redistribution that was going on or that is going on. But suddenly it came all to the open with the European debt crisis, surround debt crisis, because suddenly markets doubted that the ECB would finance without limits the Greek government and the Greek government needed a bailout. And once it needed a bailout, suddenly it opened the eyes to many people that was going on, what was going on, namely, namely a redistribution between different European countries and people who don't like redistributions. So mostly, mostly those that pay them and also people who receive these redistributions, they get get accustomed to it. And once you reduce their benefits, they also start to protest. And they start to burn German flags and Athens and so on. The Germans complained that the Greeks are lazy because they understand that they partially finance the Greek welfare state. So the harmonious cooperation between Europeans is broken up and their conflict that otherwise would not exist. And there's a new nationalism. Well, in the US, after the 2008, 2009 crash, we at least have an audience for Austrian business cycle theory. I wouldn't call it a mainstream view here, but we have an audience. Is anyone in Europe even considering or talking about Austrian business cycle theory with respect to the euro? Well, not so many. We had one German member of the German parliament, Frank Scheffler, of the Liberals, who is an Austrian. And he talked about it, but he was an exception. And he was not re-elected either. So does Merkel face any challenges from even a faintly libertarian political party, something akin to UKIP in Germany? Well, of course, we have this alternative for Germany, FBA, that is challenging Merkel's bailout policy. But they are not based on Austrian economics. They are based on order liberalism, mainly. And yeah, they don't understand Austrian business cycle theory. They are just they want the German markback. They think that this would be the optimal solution, so to speak. So they don't want gold or they don't want currency competition. They just want to get rid of the bailouts and the German guarantee of other other debts, which is a step in the right direction. But they don't have the theoretical background necessary to do thorough reform. Philip, you wrote a paper for the Wolfson Prize entitled How to Exit the Euro. And in that paper, you lay out some practical steps about how an orderly exit from the Euro back to sovereign solid currencies might occur. Among those ideas are an idea that Ron Paul has championed here in the US, the repeal of legal tender laws. And I was wondering if you could elaborate on your paper. Yeah, I mean, there are several options. You can do it more orderly or less, less orderly. One way would be, of course, also to introduce a gold euro that I also proposed in the paper, which is we just take take take all the gold that is in European central banks and we make the euro with it 100 percent. Of course, there are different ratios. For example, Germany might have or and Italy might have a higher ratio of gold in relation to the outstanding currency that they issued on their balance sheet. So there might to get the ratios the same. So there might be necessarily some redistribution, some gold loans between the different central banks. But then you would have a 100 percent gold backed euro. And of course, all the target two problems and so on, they would be also gold loans. So this would then and then you could open the thing for competition, European correct legal tender laws and so on. Philip, one last question. One of your mentors, Dr. Guido Halsman, has written a very important book where he discusses the cultural aspects of fiat money. I was wondering if you could speak a bit about how the euro has affected European culture, not just its politics or monetary policy. Yeah. The euro has accelerated the process of an ever higher indebtedness. The ECB lowered interest rates to levels never never seen before. They triggered bubbles. Then they financed bailouts between countries lowering interest rates to zero. And with zero interest rates, of course, you have very important cultural implications. So one is that it's a tendency of ever higher debts. Having there's an incentive as Guido Halsman explains to have to go early in debt into debts in your life and to go into high debts because prices will keep rising. So if you if you just save and cash, you will lose. So it's your incentive, of course, to go into debt early in your life. And and also into high debts to acquire early assets that keep rising in value. So this, of course, is keeping on with the euro. And now we get also the cultural culturing implications of zero interest rate policy and the bailouts. The bailouts leads to moral hazard and the zero interest rate policy threatens, I would say, a kind of life model that has been traditional for for the middle class worldwide, that if you are thrifty, if you save, if you invest, at some point of your life, you can make the decision to retire and you can be independent. You have accumulated a wealth that makes you independent. So this life model of if you work hard and if you save, then you get independent and wealthy. This is threatened by zero interest rate policies, not only in the eurozone worldwide, because people are the savings of people are worth less and less. Because inflation is eating up the savings and the savings of the people are basically used to finance the government deficits, which is basically they are they are burnt and they are burnt. They are they are lost forever. So many people may be faced with poverty in their old age and they may become ever more dependent on on the state. So they are self-reliance, self-reliance and self-responsibility is shaken by this policy monetary policy. Well, the situation you described sounds an awful lot like America. Dr. Philip August, thank you very much for a fascinating interview. Ladies and gentlemen, have a great weekend.


The Abbasid Golden Age and its capital city of Baghdad are probably best known to most people from Arabian nights, an exotic world filled with magic, adventure and unusual characters that couldn't be more different in time or space than the European audience for whom they were first translated in the 18th century. Of course, we all know that Arabian nights is fictional, but actually this reflects public perception both then and now. In reality, Baghdad in this period was the capital city of an empire that stretched all the way west to the Atlantic. It was a city with the largest population of Christians in the world and it was a place where elite culture was dominated by the study and transformation of ancient Greek and Roman texts. Its territory was filled with churches, synagogues and ancient temples as well as mosques and that paints a slightly different picture, doesn't it? When it comes to culture and civilisation, we tend to think in terms of difference. We draw lines around time periods in geographical areas to make them more manageable to study and understand, but in doing so, we often overlook similarities. We can forget, for example, that there are as many differences between North and South France as there are similarities between Southern France and Northern Spain, and rigid civilisation on cultural boundaries can have a real impact. For example, it's incredibly common to think that Europe and the West have always been distinctly different than the Middle East, but this is an idea that would have seemed absurd to most members of the Abbasid Empire. On my slide, you can see Baghdad's famous round city with four straight roads running from the centre to four equidistant gates on the outskirts and a very symmetrical urban layout. It was considered remarkable in its day and it was probably influenced by the most iconic and important text of all recantipity, Euclid's elements. In the centre, you can just about see a green dome that would have been instantly recognisable to any well-travelled guest as a very similar to one in Christian Byzantium, the capital city of the people who still call themselves Roman. And there was nothing more prestigious than the discovery of a particularly obscure Greek text. Unless, of course, it was hosting the most distinguished evening salon, gatherings of brilliant guests who debated ideas, socialised and networked. And that sounds awfully familiar, doesn't it? Just as here in Denmark, we see art and public architecture that reflect classical Greece and Rome, alongside those that use Viking heritage and completely new creations, Soviet Abbasids drew on the Greco-Roman traditions of their empire and cleverly combined them with others to create a new culture for themselves, one that reflected their heritage and the future they aspired to. And as we can see, it really wasn't that different after all. Thank you for listening. I hope you enjoyed my talk.


Hello, thank you for joining me. I'm standing by Caldecoat Lake North in Milton Keynes in Buckinghamshire Caldecoat Lake South is just the other side of that road bridge there. Caldecoat Lake is well known for its landmark windmill, which is now a pub on this side and a premier in on that side But we've come here to have a ride on the Caldecoat miniature railway, which is just the other side of this rather impressive pub This is an artificial lake. There is the damn side of it right round over there So we're gonna walk up here and look for this miniature railway. And the miniature railway we're going to it's the Milton Keynes Model Engineering Society's Miniature Railway I've not been to this one before on this site I've been to a few old site which was over at Dean's hangar in Buckinghamshire Dean's hangar was once on the railway map because there was a tramway from Stony Stratford to Wolverton and in the opposite direction from Stony Stratford it went to Dean's hangar. It was a steam tramway And one of the tramcars survives in the Milton Keynes Museum, which will have to be subject for another video another day And so that is Where the rail used to be at Dean's hangar used to be a country club. I remember going there having a ride You got on the train it sort of went around the sides of two fields and then There was like a loop at the end. So it's quite a nice little rail. Unfortunately We don't have any pictures. It was that period Between everyone having a digital camera. Everyone having an analog camera And I don't think we had camera at all as a train Warm, I don't think we had a camera at all at the time. So I've come here today in my larder which is Park stair And the railway is literally just behind it. I can hear the train. So what we're going to do we're going to go In and have our ride So here we are here's the station says to the trains trains running today And there's like a level crossing now. I wonder if I have got a way for the train to come across or come on Can we get through? The train's just pulling into the station now. So I think I'll be okay to Can I please? Thank you very much So let's go and have a look. So it says to the trains Just switched the engine off. There's two engines here The turns over as well says a little five-inch gauge engine there and there's a larger Seven a quarter inch gauge engine called Hagrid. So let's go and have a ride behind Hagrid With my trip on the railway the train's gone out for another ride You can see they've got two platform lines and when we're on the train We went through on the through line.  You can just see the train is Currently over there. I think it's way around the big curves. It's like a big oval shaped miniature railway And the other feature I particularly like is the bridge over there and from there you can see down To the river Ozil valley I'm going to do now though We might as well just watch the train pass through the station on the through line And then I'll take a few line side shots and then I'm probably going to go and have a pint in that pub And then I'm going to go for a nice long walk to walk you off before going home I'm now going for a walk around Coddacoat lake seeing as I was here and it's such a nice day So I've come right around here as the windmill over there where we started So I've been all around this side of the north lake and what I'm going to do I'm going to finish the video here, but I'm going to continue walking around the south side lake I did have a pint in the pub. So I want to walk it off before I drive home. It's very pleasant here. That's the dam Over there So, you know, if you would like to come and visit this railway, it's very easy to get to I came by car It's free parking. If you were to come by train Fenney Stratford or Boebrick here on the Bedford spreadsheet line aren't too far away um, it probably be A couple a mile or two mile walk along beside the lake so quite a long way, but you know Pleasant walk to what this reminds me of Regarding other miniature railways in Milton Keynes There was one a willing lake. Well, I think there still is one at willing lake I went on it as a child, but it's not running at the moment But he actually runs under a road a bit like this the other place I can remember Visiting a miniature railway as a child was at um Gulliver's land the theme park It's a children's theme park and if you have a look at Lincoln screen now You can see a very short clip of a train I uploaded some of our family footage a couple of years ago under my archive series. So That's the other miniature railways that are on Milton Keynes. There's a few others Nearish, but we'll do those in other videos. So from Coddicote Lake and the windmill which is now a pub which has a miniature railway behind it Reminds me a bit of Fanko actually, which isn't too far away Um, thank you very much for watching. Please feel free to like subscribe and comment. Good


I appreciate you attending. So my topic is actually going to be a little bit broader. As I started to think about this topic, I realized that the question of incentive actually extends well beyond just the production of content and actually into consumption of content as well. So I feel at this point that my title is inadequate to the purpose, but I've kept it anyway since I proposed it that way. But I did add the word to use as well. So to create and to use, to connotate that we're only, we're not only talking about production, but we're also talking about consumption of content and the incentives associated with all of that. So I'm a president founder of Academos, which is actually a sponsor of the event here. And a former academic, academic by training, in the area of political theory, social theory, philosophy. And for that, and that was sort of a various publication. So to come from it from a content side as well. But then I launched a company 11 years ago. And the early part of the company was doing other things. But today it services 82 schools across the country providing online bookstores and marketplaces. And the mission from the very first go has always been to democratize and enhance access to educational materials. And we do that, especially today, by providing a peer-to-peer marketplace. So if I want textbook production, we've actually been able, on average, to reduce the cost by about 60% by creating a peer-to-peer marketplace. One number of awards for all that. OK, move on. So what I want to talk about today is the question of incentive. But as question of incentive points actually to some, I think, bigger questions, broader questions about the OER movement in general. So what's interesting from my perspective, so coming at OER relatively freshly, it's about 18 months that I've known about it even. But I've been in this market for a while. And I really see this as an auspicious moment as a transitional moment for the question of distribution, production, consumption of course materials, of educational materials. But it's driven primarily, the disruption is driven primarily by students who are going online and really crushing the economic model of the physical bookstore. That together with the incipient use of digital materials increasingly. Not so much yet the OER having an influence on that disruption, but hopefully that'll come as well. So within the question I would pose as a starting point then is why aren't OERs more widely adopted if indeed there are such pressures? OERs have been around for about 10 years. Why don't we see more adoption of that? Well, the immediate answer might be, well, you're just being impatient by posing that question. And there's good reason for that point of view. There's this very limited collection of such materials. But the pipeline is clearly growing with foundation support. I think we've heard a lot in the last few days about the Washington State Initiative. And that's exciting and taking off. And we've had an OER friendly administration for only three years. So actual having funding for these kinds of projects also auspicious. But there may be fundamental reasons too for why OER is not more widely adopted. And that's really what I want to address today. So let's start with this notion of OER as both free in these two senses of gratis and Libra. So I think there's a self understanding in the movement of OER being free in the sense that it's no cost. That's part of the very definition. And also in the sense of being free to use. But gratis itself really has two connotations to it. And so to give you an example, if I walk on a beach and I find a shell on the beach and I can pick that up and I can appropriate that, I can take that home and put it on my bookshelf. But if I walk from the beach over to a shelf stand and I see a shell that's very similar to that one, I recognize, of course, that that's not free. And it could be that the only thing that that person did who is selling that shell is selective is to pick it up off the beach and say, I think somebody else would find that appealing. Which is say that it could be that nothing else was done to it than a curation of that object. So when we say that OER is gratis, what I think we're really saying, what I understand it to be, is that we're forgoing ownership, that nothing is required in exchange for our labor. In other words, it's a donation model. And I understand it as a donation model. So faculty really have four, there are four components for faculty to be engaged with OER. So much of the funding has been focused on the production of the content. But it seems to me, and this is really where it leads to consumption as well, that it isn't just about production, but it's the discovery and evaluation, the adoption of the contents to specific classroom uses. And then sharing either the content itself in a derivative form, or as just information about that content to others. All of these things working together is what makes such a movement possible. Content on its own, production of that content on its own. The internet is filled with content that's siloed, that's archipelagoes of content. It's not enough just to have content. So we're then relying on faculty to drive this whole thing. But who are these faculty that we're looking to do all this heavy lifting? This is also a transitionary period for faculty. In 1960, 75% of teaching in this country were full-time tenured or tenured track. By 2009, that dropped to 27%. It's a huge transition going on in this country with regard to higher education, teaching, and faculty composition. So at least 73%, this is the same outsource and downsize. That very idea that was part of corporate marriage for so long has come right into the heart of higher education. And these employees are paid for course on a yearly contract basis without benefits, making a third or less, according to the New York Times, of what a tenured faculty member makes. So 73%. And then let's think about the 27%. Well, they're focused on original research. They're thinking about teaching and administrative duties. So to have their contributions, it's very hard to see that on a large scale because introductory survey materials don't usually qualify for the tenured process. Now, that's not true necessarily for teaching institutions. But by and large, you want to incent the greatest number of faculty to participate in the movement. So if you're really just reducing it to those institutions and those faculty members who could possibly be recognized for tenure by producing such things, I think that's a diminution too much. So the commercial textbook authors then most are tenured or tenure track. And I put the cloud world in this category as well. As we heard, I think, from Eric Frank, that they are always looking for the best talent they can find. And these faculty are typically doing this for the extra income. They're not doing it for academic recognition. In fact, it's really the other way around. The fact that they already have this academic recognition makes them candidates in the first place to become textbook authors and sign looper to the textbook fields. It's not in, they're not bestowed recognition for doing that. They already have recognition by and large. I think there's a task of acknowledgment in the OER movement. And I think that it really came through in the days that I've been here, that goodwill donations are not sufficient to drive through the kind of ambitions that this movement rightly has. The use of foundation funds, state funds, federal funds, for-profit companies such as Flatworld in the production of these materials belies the idea that they can adhere to the highest standards without financial incentive. I think that's really important. It's a kind of taking stock of the movement where it is today, that kind of tacit recognition. Now, that doesn't mean that goodwill donations don't have a place. It just means that they don't have a place in changing, as being game changers in this industry. But the bigger question is, is the donation model in general? Leaving aside the goodwill aspect, is the donation model in general adequate against the considerable resources of commercial publishers? They have significant advantages. Been able to see firsthand these advantages, not only really providing the highest quality content and supported by really strong technological capabilities that are becoming increasingly the thing that drives these companies. These companies recognize the limitations of the core textbook and its sustainability for their businesses. They know all that. For them, it's about the technology that's built around it that's going to, in their view, preserve their business model. And it's formidable. Their marketing and sales opera at us is similar to big pharmaceutical companies. They have armies of sales reps. I mean, there are, I was just thinking about it, one company, Pearson, probably has double the number of sales reps. Then there are attendees at this conference. It's huge, right? This is, you know, so the sensitivities also, right? They know their faculty well. They know their faculty. They have studied their faculty very well. And so they know that what faculty really want, these adjuncts want the predigested material. They want it packaged. They want it ready to go because you know what they have, five different things to do. And if you can give them integration of assessments in other ways of reducing their workload, so much the better than they're all for it. And that's what these publishers are really keyed on, really focused on. Faculty are also sensitive to book prices. And they become ever more so because of the publicity and really truly the pricing fractures. But they are still more focused on quality of content. So for our part as a company, we're about to launch an adoption tool that actually allows, for the first time, faculty to contrast and compare commercial materials with OER content all in one place. And there are lots of metrics that we're providing so that they can just do side-by-side comparisons. Faculty reviews, adoption information, different institutions, affordability ratings on all the texts, lots and lots of really good data, I think, that'll help them make informed decisions and try to bring some transparency to the process. But the faculty attitudes to the LMS may actually be a harbinger for what's happening in the OER movement itself. Because if you think about it, the faculty are really concerned with questions like, in the case of an LMS, does this improve my productivity as an instructor? Can it help me reduce my workload and make teaching a bit easier? Will it produce better outcomes and make me a better or more successful instructor? These are the kind of questions that faculty are really focused on when they think about adopting new technology or think about using a new source of content. And I think that there's a risk that OER comes into a role that is not dissimilar to how LMSs are used today, which is to say, they're used but used in very discreet ways. The vast majority of the capabilities of an LMS go unused. So is there a drifting tour of rapprochement between, to say it like, between OER? It seems to me that there could be a drifting tour of sort of middle, free and open, may need to make some compromises in the name of quality, where, and commercial publishers may need to respond to the market conditions and the pricing pressures by reducing their costs and becoming more flexible with their content licenses and so on. But the question for me is, can the OER, or if that's the case, can the OER project nevertheless maintain what I take to be one of the most important qualities, which is the ability to freely remix, combine, and share materials? How do you preserve that in this context? So I think OER is the future.  But the question is really how large? Direct concrete benefits improve academic life. It will be large if it does these things, right? Financial incentives need to be in place, not just for the production, but also for the curation, organization, and distribution of these materials. And here I think is a critical difference that I have comments that I've heard at this meeting. OER, I don't think will come into its own unless and until its mandate, its project, is about not being as good as the commercial material, but it really has to be better. And that, in my view, means that we stop looking at the core textbook as just a commodity. I heard this morning someone said it was just a commodity, and it's just about price. Well, that may be the starting point today. But through innovation and imagination, those core texts really ought to be something quite different. They ought to become something quite different. And part of, in my view, what OER should be doing is actually helping that come about, right? OK, so I think there's really just an open question about whether or not states in the federal government can support this. I mean, I personally support a single payer system for health care, but look where that went. So the question is, not all good ideas are funded, right? And they may be funded for a short time, and then the political winds change, and then a movement that's dependent on that is then really hamstrung. OK, well, thank you. Do we have time for any questions or comments? I know somebody who works in academic publishing. And his kind of take on this is that the publishers will always be doing something that other people aren't, in terms of, I should say, having these resources available to them to do the kind of sales and marketing, to curation, to have the analytics coming back from the journal, hits, and stuff like that. Is it a mountain which is too big to climb, to actually break the hold that they've got? No, I don't think so. I mean, I think there are lots of. First of all, I would say that there's no, I can't think of an example of a successful open source movement that isn't, at some point, made more efficient, more competitive in the general marketplace through private enterprise. And I think that that will have to happen here. But that doesn't mean that you follow the traditional publisher model and sort of replicate that structure. It can be hugely disruptive at the same time. But I do think that it's going to need a partnership with, because these things are really expensive to do. And I just don't think the nonprofit world and even the state-funded nonprofit world really has the wherewithal on its own to confront this. But it's absolutely doable. As an adjunct faculty member, I was struck by the fact that I would never use a textbook. Because I'm much too busy.  Instead, I rely heavily on my own materials and primary source materials. And you're at this conference? Yeah. And you're at this conference? I'm at this conference, right, exactly. And so where do people like me sort of fit into the analysis that adjuncts are? Yeah, so what I'm getting at is that's still an anomalous position, right? I mean, for the vast majority of faculty, they take precisely the opposite view, which is, I'm just too busy not to adopt a textbook, right? Not to just take this pre-packaged, pre-digested survey of material and just teach from it, right? What you're describing to most people sounds more timely. Yes, it's as if you've been talking to people. Do other people like me show up, or am I just really like you? Yeah. So what's the? They do, they do. But the question is, I mean, we're talking about an industry. I'm talking about macro chains. I'm talking about there are 120 million books circulated to students every year. That's what I'm talking about. I'd like to see an OER movement that actually addresses that. And I don't think that it can do so within the sort of this narrow framework of a denation model. You mentioned my medium of incentive, being like prestige. Do you have any thoughts on what that actually might pay out? Yeah, I don't think that's. I think it's crass financial incentive that it's going to attract the most capable, the best authors to contribute to this. I think it's as simple as that. But it isn't just about the production. It's also the consumption. It's also about the curation. And those incentives need to come into play. And those need to be thought through as well. So what do you think those incentives might be? So I'm just like some magic pot-bag we have. It's a lot of my time curate. Yeah, that's right. Or how, yeah, what would my incentives be like? Well, there could be institutional incentives to do that. That are supporting a faculty member. The question is, I do think it comes back to a personal incentive for that instructor. And I could think of various kinds of personal incentives for someone to do that. But that likewise takes resources. So it gets back to the point that this has got to be something that is solid, both the private and the public sphere. Question, would you say that this model that you're talking about applies strictly to higher ed or secondary ed? We have, at the Open High School of Utah, two of my teachers are here with me. We create our own content. We use state tax-funded dollars. And it's a successful model. So I'm curious as to how this model that you're talking about would apply to secondary. Yeah, that's a fair question. I think the dynamics in primary and secondary education are really quite different than higher ed, primarily, because the burden of buying books is mostly on students in higher ed and not so much in primary and secondary school. So we work with a number of prep schools where the students or the parents do have that obligation. And that's where we come in and try to lower costs. And so I would qualify that, I guess, and say that for the prep schools, those are more analogous to higher education than what you're describing. So it's just indirect, because the parents are the taxpayers with which the state schools are funded, with which the textbooks are purchased. OK, thank you. So did I have a question? Oh, one for any. OK, great. Thank you. Oh, we'll take one more. That's OK. Um, what do you use, what is your opinion that I was going to play out, what do you see, what do you think is the most like, the outline of all different things, but what's your vision? You know, I'm an optimist, so I think that there is an opportunity for a for-profit business model in this that just aligns interest in whole new ways and is incredibly disruptive to this market. I think that that's what I would hope to work toward myself and encourage other entrepreneurs and people who are really thinking about this market to help solve these issues.