So, we are now in the age of machine learning art. So why is this important? And how will it affect the future? Well, the first part can be answered if we just look at the content policy, which states two important things. First is that you are allowed to share and post the images you make on social media as long as they indicate that it was generated with open AI. And second, you can use the images that you create for any legal purpose, including commercial use and even sell the rights to those creations in books, websites and other presentations, which I'm pretty sure includes games, visual novels and all the normal stuff that you would need. And not only can you completely use this commercially, you own your prompts and uploads and open AI grants you exclusive rights to reproduce and display your generations and Dolly will not sell your generations. So this is incredible. You have total permission to sell and use what you generate commercially and professionally. There's a lot of AI generating software now, but simply put, any software out there that does not let you sell what you make commercially and my personal opinion is a giant waste of time and money. So that was the first reason. The second reason this is a big deal is because the quality that Dolly is able to produce. A lot of people think Dolly is only good for basic block and initial concept art. There's a lot of people saying it doesn't produce quality final products and is very hit or miss. And this is partially true, but it's also partially false because if you're not getting the clear professional image that you want, it's usually because you didn't type in the right things. Every single image I'm showing is a pure unedited Dolly image. So you can get really high quality, near complete images. Remember what I said. In the future, the difference between an amateur AI artist and a professional AI artist will be their knowledge and ability to specify exactly what they need to type in order to get exactly what the client wants. That is the state of current art today. Not last year, right now, this is reality. So what that means is there's gonna be two groups of people going forward into the future.  The second is gonna be the group of people who learn to adapt and adopt this new technology and dominate their competition. And here on this channel, my mission is to make sure that you guys move from the first group to the second. Regardless of how you feel, the truth is as long as this software is legal to use commercially. If you are not using it, you are at a serious disadvantage to all the guys who are. According to the Google average, it can take a typical concept artist 50 to 80 hours to generate a concept. Minor characters, maybe a day. Star characters, a few weeks or even months. And complicated things like an Ironman's who could easily require months of work. But if I'm a concept artist working with Dali, I could easily generate 400 concepts an hour and have my client pick their favorite ideas. And once they've picked their favorite, then begin manually adjusting those ideas in Photoshop the next hour. So unless you're in the top 1% of genius fast concept artists in the industry, you simply won't be able to compete against the people with the speed advantage of AI. Just within the last few months, I personally know three different small indie game studios who have stopped hiring concept artists and instead now they just have a Dali account. They roll the dice to generate ideas until they get the image they like. And then usually someone on the team knows enough Photoshop to make whatever small adjustments they need to fix the image later. Usually this is the texture artist. Sometimes it's the 2D artist. So all I'm trying to say is this isn't going to happen. It's already happened. And if you stick with me for the next round of videos, I will make sure that you know everything you need to take full advantage and master this new technology. I don't wanna see any of you in that first group. Dali's just a tool like every other software. It's here and you might as well master it. If you join me in the next video, then we are gonna turn you into a machine learning artist. And as always, hope you have a fantastic day and I'll see you around.


Hello and welcome back to the craft box my name is Brenton today we're in episode 47 there was a 101 death walkthrough last episode if you haven't checked it out we started off grizzleheim and yeah um yeah let's talk to Ina you've brought back some Pete and spider eye core just like I asked now on to the next step I'll begin burning the Pete down to get the bits of iron out of it it's a long and dull task so I won't trouble you with it what I need next is beyond my ability to retrieve the stinger of the spider queen scotty mightiest of the spiders scotty lurks deep in a cave in the webwood I can craft it into the metal of the blade along with the spider eye core and that will make the blade a bane to the Grendels okay let's go and do that so in between the episodes I went and collected the Pete and the eye core so yeah that was good here we go this is where she is it's hidden in um yeah yeah hmm I can hear your little footsteps intrude into my web and you shall pay the price just in case slight lag don't know why but yeah let's go 480 no 780 I can't even read that's pretty bad yeah we'll play I'm using a different pet today just because of things and stuff the Xena will be back soon trust me but yeah at the moment we're just using a different pit so yeah let us just do that to get this guy out nice okay and blade and 662 okay so if we enchanted blade then we should be able to kill the boss because I did 662 so yeah let's do that then blade nice and this is gonna do a bit let's see a blade in a trap okay I didn't actually do too much that's good um let's see we can hit now which is good so let's do that okay and vampire once again yay 829 perfect we're done not too hard there we go 414 that's pretty good sweet I didn't leave a mark but that's fine much 200 off can you let me go I'll be back when I'm at I know I know okay I am back at I know good work it's an excellent shape as well you're truly a skilled warrior let me get to work on the blade I know our begins hammering on the rough ingot of metal folding the stinger into it until they are united he hands the sword to you this is the finest weapon I have yet forged you have your blade but it needs to be blessed even with the spider stinger it's still just a mortal blade the blessing of the spirits will give your blade great power and in this battle you will need every advantage you can earn your blade must be thrice blessed so you must seek the blessings of three spirits in the woods by the bore camp as an old forest spirit called iron splinter at this camps waterfall you can evoke a water spirit named whisper tide finally you can summon a fire spirit called storm glare from the campfire outside wizard I've been told to summon you to Wolf Minster Abbey post-haste the state of the monarchy depends on it okay level up to level 40 which is great which means we can do the level 40 dungeon which is cool so we'll do that in between these episodes I think outlander I sense in your heart the intent to rid our land of the grendels they foul the waters and plague the land I bless your blade with the grace of water go now and use it with great scale okay where are you I think it's there so we'll go to the bore camp we'll see I think we have to defeat this kid but I'm not sure yeah we do this is boss yep it's boss it's boss it's boss okay that's cool so yeah next episode we will I should not need to sit in between the next this one and next we will do the dungeon and molly bone which will be cool he is a life oh just do that yeah oh it's gonna be interesting okay let's see 700 395 I mean we can get the minion out next round which is good hopefully before their death shield oh look at that death shield already what a surprise oh look at that not a death shield today not surprise okay 81 that's not too bad just get you out because you're pesky okay just fizzle that's perfectly fine you know perfectly perfectly fine gives them more chance to this game hates me this game hates me so much I'm thinking we'll do that and then we'll vampire and we'll finish him off with poison we'll probably poison the minion as well I mean poison is great because we can get the first on a minute doesn't do too much but let us just enchant one of you just for you okay yeah hopefully this does well let's see how much this is gonna do okay that's not too bad we'll finish him off with poison but I'll get the minion out first okay just a bit just a bit yeah let us poison you cuz you should die hopefully really Jesus Christ why why all these fizzles I don't like it this is like seriously just ridiculous why am I fizzling so much like what the hell why okay there we go yeah he's dead he's dead um yep we'll just do that hopefully they both die pretty quickly 13 wow so much damage oh he nearly did and he is dead yep he's dead sweet that's good good good good okay that was kind of hard just because I fizzled so much thank you game you fought with Anna Outlander I see that you are not one of the ghrendels who spoil the land I sense you bear a blade of power made to defeat them my blessing of oak is upon your blade wield it with great strength okay let's hit on over to the fire campsite fire again um where is that that is over here with the teleporter and campsite fire is just here forced in fire this play was made to be born against the ghrendels they act without honor without pride and should be defeated show me your sword that I might bless it with the flame of courage within the heat of battle it will not fail you okay look at that he's kind of cool bye and I know I can sense the power that blade now holds you've now a weapon fit for a hero or even a king now that you've got your sword there's little I can do for you take it to Hagen shield breaker and he'll guide you to victory okay okay then did Einar Thunder Hammer help you make a blade suitable for a hero you're well on your way to becoming a hero but even the greatest hero must choose battles wisely you don't want to be distracted in your fight with Skellig the mightiest of these ghrendels Skellig and his ghrendels have overrun another fort belonging to our people a place called Draugarth go there and defeat a few of them they'll be wary of you after that okay I'll be back once I've defeated a bunch of these guys okay I am back that will teach the lesser ghrendels to stay out of the way when you face their leader Skellig now there's no stopping you from confronting Skellig and driving the ghrendel from Draugarth go to the fort now and see if you can find your way in if the way is not clear always remember that spirits contain great wisdom seek their counsel if you return here once you know how to enter the fort well that's pathetic isn't it just go there to get in to try and get in and then you can't actually go on okay then so yeah we had to defeat some of these and then some and some of these no not those some of these and some of these life people so they were really easy only those bearing runic talismans may pass to gain your own runic talisman you must defeat thulin and take it from him okay then well let's defeat thulin where is he oh he's all the way up here okay then let's go in here hello two nine eight seven six five four three two one okay you've come a long way to find me outlander i pity you'll never see your homeland again well that's unfortunate isn't it um we will need you actually we will need poison okay hopefully that puts poisons in there did it yes it did sweet um yeah get out the minion first with poison just in case he death shields like that okay and we will poison him now 750 that's not too bad and then we'll blade and enchant a vampire so yeah that'll be good 12 um a myth myth blade okay okay a half health what's this a leprechaun of course this he's and 20 okay and let us blood and hopefully next round we get another power pup because that would be good and boop okay blood that that's cool boop he did yep he did there we go perfect and pop up nope okay that's unfortunate boop boop boop boop boop boop okay blood bed again he loves blood bed geez boop 63 not too bad and what do we got now now we get a power pup of course we do of course we do okay of course we do boop boop there we go that is the that you find a runic talisman among thulins possessions okay let us head back to hagan that's how they kept our warriors out of the fort a runic talisman you're as clever as you are powerful i could sing honeyed words of praise about you all day but it is deeds not words my people will respect now is the time for you to bear your bane blade against skelec leader of these grendels go to dragarth and drive him from that once fair place okay let's go and defeat skelec finally it's only being forever um yep let's head on you find that the runic talisman has already opened the gates to dragarth well that's good tonight so foolish little hairless one i cannot be defeated what's that a thrice blessed spider bane blade okay um hopefully we can do this we can do that and we should be able to kill that's good we will first um we'll take out this kid with a blade and a vampire just because we'll meet the blade um and then we should be should be sweet um what's this lightning bats yep it is boop no there we go three two eight not too bad um let's see probably won't need you six twenty i mean we should be fine boop six twenty one only just killed wow okay okay that's interesting um and then we'll play the vampire again so yeah that should be good boop 88 also means if we get two new pips which we might it'll be fine boop and a cheeky wee vampire cheek cheeky vampire here we go and there we go 1000 that's cool full health again which is good sweet that wasn't too bad um let's head back to Hagan you did well the whole valley echoed with the sounds of your battle now everyone will know you to be a great warrior i've taught you all i can of our ways and you've learned every lesson i will speak highly of you to be warned when i see him next for now you can go and tell him we would be honored to have you in our band okay let's go and do that then uh that's the first area done which is great let's head back over hello hello hello it is good to see you once more you appear well enough Hagan taught you well the word of your deeds sped here like on the wind our people are impressed with tales of the glory an outlander has won but it is still too soon for you to see the king deeds grow in the telling your reputation is great but not yet mighty enough i sense that you are a great warrior in your homeland your own people must have need of heroes you should return home for now but remember you are always welcome in grizzleheim if you wish to earn a heroic name in grizzleheim outlander fate has put you on the right path a small village called anders halt is troubled by raiders whose ways are not known to us go there and learn what has happened and offer what aid you can spare go and speak to ejul axbearer the guardian of anders halt okay um so your next episode we will head on into anders halt so yeah thank you for watching remember to leave a like and subscribe and if you're very subscribed press the little bell so you know exactly when i post another video and remember craft outside the box


Good evening, and welcome to episode 334 of the Private Property Podcast. I'm your host, Uzama Antoma, Kumalo. It's the Monday edition of the Private Property Podcast. If you're joining us for the first time, welcome to it. You are tuned in to the only and the leading daily property podcast in South Africa catering to all of your property needs. It doesn't matter where you are on your property journey, whether you're looking to buy, to sell, to build, or of course to arrange or you're tenant yourself. This is where we are there to help you on your journey. And all our regular views on Facebook, on Instagram, as well as on YouTube. Welcome back, you know, how we do every single week that you and I have an appointment where we're always in conversation with an expert who helps us navigate our property journey. I already know that we are having a bit of a bloom Monday behind the scenes. We're having a technical issue, so we do hope that this evening's conversation is going to go off without a glitch. But the show always continues because we always want to make sure that you get your daily dose of all things property. And talking about your daily dose of all things property, as you know, we are running an incredible competition on our Facebook page where we had set out the bold target of reaching one million followers, which we've now already done. And of course, you know that we also wanted to get 10,000 comments as well as shares. Well, not only have we now, you know, reached that mark, but we're now setting ourselves up for even more. So we're going to keep the competition running and certainly want to get to 20,000 comments and 10,000 shares. So we're going to keep the competition running. You can stand a chance of walking away with 500 grand cash every single day. Remember, in order for you to win, you have to be watching us live. So if we call your name, then we are going to, you have to drop us a text down here below in order to clean your price. Now, to celebrate the very big milestone that we set for ourselves, we are going to be having two lucky winners this evening, because we have reached our 10,000 comments. And of course, we didn't have done this without you at home. You continued to, you know, send your comments, send your green hearts on the pinned post on our Facebook page. And to show our appreciation, we're not only going to have one winner, but we're going to have two winners. So if you are shooting right now, you might be one of those two lucky winners. Well, all you have to do, of course, is to continue engaging that pinned post on our Facebook page to stand a chance of walking away with the cash prize. Now, talking about also, of course, some of the great shows that you can also find on our social media pages. As it is a Monday, you can catch the Home Shoppers Show with Chad. That comes through screens every Mondays and Fridays at 8pm. They always takes us through incredible properties that you can find on www.privateproperty.co.zm. And every Tuesdays and Thursdays, Warden and Farmer Umba Lunargo brings you the farming podcast, where you can always get a sense of all things agriculture, especially if you've got an interest in all things agriculture. And on Wednesdays, Esti Klassen brings us the first time home buy show, which always profiles people who've not only walked that journey, but have gone on to grow their property portfolios from strength to strength. Well, those are some of the great shows that you can tune into every single weekday at 8pm. Remember to set those alarms and of course, do tune in to them. Now, I'm loving some of the love that we're already getting on our Facebook page with many of you already saying that you're watching. Colin Jansen, I see you. Bungani Queen Bhima Bunda is also watching. Queen Tago is also watching. Farana Siddiqui is also tuned in and watching. Vanessa now was one of the first people to comment on the live, saying good evening, fam, as well as Messi and Nipi Pindi. Do you keep the love coming down here below? And of course, this evening, we're looking at something that they are part of. And if you follow the property space also closely, it's something that you're familiar with. And of course, it's the investor of the year awards. And this evening, we're going to be looking at what the investor of the awards for those who may not be familiar with them, how you can certainly join in if you want to join in, how you can attend the awards. And of course, we'll also be hearing a word from one of the sponsors. Now joining me this evening on the show, we've got Andrew Walker, the founder of the SA property investor network. Got Miguel Martin, so he's no introduction. We haven't had him on the show for quite a while. And of course, he's the portfolio head for investors at Apsa Home Loans. And then we've got two entrants of the investor, of the investor of the year awards, Jemena Mayema, as well as Teran Ramandal this evening. And good evening to all my guests. I'm going to start straight ahead, because today we've got a full house, and go straight to Andrew first. Andrew and people here about the investor of the year awards. What are we talking about? I'm sure there are viewers at home who probably never heard of this before. Absolutely. So thank you for hosting us. Now this is the third time we're doing it, right? 2018, 2009, to skip the year last year because of COVID. How the investor of the year is, and people have a question, and what is the platform to recognize South African property investors? Whether you are doing your very first deal, and it's your first small buy to let, going out and doing the demand. And so why have I recognized South Africans in the property industry to encourage and to push people, get onto the property ladder. And that is happening on the 18th of November this year, and every year is bigger and it's better, and I'm just super excited about it. And you know, Andrew, we'll talk a little bit later on about how people can attend, and if people want to get involved, of course we'll also share a little bit, certainly in terms of getting tips for those who are interested in property investing. I want to bring in Miguel. And Miguel is somebody that we speak to quite often on the show. Miguel, when you look at the Investor of the Year Awards and the word that's happened, if it does, perhaps first just tell us about, you know, APSA's involvement as a sponsor, and why they're so to be involved in a project like this one. So thanks so much for having me on the show. Yeah, absolutely. So when Andrew and the team first approached us in 2019 to be a sponsor and a partner, basically, we were so excited. It's really such a great platform to recognize the effort and the work that goes on with property investors. The property investment can be very exciting, but it can also be a very lonely journey. And there's such a great platform to recognize the journey that is property investors take, where they start from against tough odds, how that real entrepreneurial spirit comes out, and ultimately how they make that project or that opportunity work. So really a great opportunity for us to be part of and really looking forward to it growing from strength to strength. And I think one of the great things, you know, Andrew, I mean, Miguel, when I think about it, it becomes so important for corporates to also step up and be able to put some money behind certainly initiatives like this when we look at people at different stages of their property journey. Because as Andrew highlighted, I know that they're different categories, and we'll speak to Andrew just a bit about the different kinds of categories that they have. One of the exciting ones that I know they have is of course the beginner one where, you know, it's very likely this was your first deal. Maybe you've been around for a year, and now this is also the first time that you're going to have to present to people about your deal. I've attended one of the events, I think it was the last content event that they would have had. And I think it was just such an incredible thing to see different property entrepreneurs and the various ways that they're also just running and managing essentially their property businesses. Absolutely. When you listen to the stories of those entrepreneurs, I was a judge on one of the recent preliminary events, and the story is not just about the money side of things, you know, and the return investment was. It's a story of the investor themselves, them and in many cases their family and the trials and tribulations, which they had to go through and the partnerships they had to put together. And it's just so inspirational. And then we really hope that this kind of platform encourages others to consider property investment as a career choice, as an opportunity to work towards their financial goals and commit themselves to the learning and to the investing in themselves primarily before they actually got to do that property investment. So really, I would encourage anyone who can to attend the awards if only just to listen to the stories that these entrepreneurs share with us. And talking of course of those entrepreneurs and the stories that we get to see and certainly hear of during the investor of the awards, I want to bring in some of the entries. We've got two of them this evening on the show, the first one being I'm going to bring in first, Jimena Maema, who is one of the entrants, the CEO for the investor of the awards. And then Jimena, first just tell us a little bit about, you know, which category you have entered and a bit about your property journey and the deal that you've essentially entered in the competition. Thank you, Zama. I actually entered in the category of most growth. However, the jury is still out there, the team behind the scenes still has to decide which category I'm best fitted in. But I'm teaching about my student accommodation property that I have running as Brighthouse student accommodation right now. So I'm quite excited that I'll be sharing my experiences along the journey. And it's really in the hope that somebody out there will see that it's not impossible to get into the property business. It's all a matter of if you want to get in, just take one foot, put it forward and enjoy the journey. And also to get some of those nuggets also from Jimena later on in the show, because I think one of the great things is really wanting to get a good sense of what people who walked the journey, what words of wisdom they can share with those at home who are still on the fence. I want to bring in another entrant, Teran Ramandal. Teran, I think which category have you entered for a little bit also about your property deal or project that you have entered for the awards? As Zama, yes. So I entered as the most growth investor. And I basically entered with 35 rental units that have grown over the past three years. And yeah, that's basically that. And Teran is a man of few words. I know already people at home are thinking, okay, 35 rental units is that one property? Is that a small block is at 35 units in different parts of town? Teran, do share because I know we as a home are thinking, okay, that's a big number. It's one thing if it's all over the show or it's in one property. So I think don't be shy to let us in on how that looks like because I think if anything it also just gives viewers a sense of it's a steady process. And sometimes it may just start with a few units you're able to grow in different ways. So I think just a little bit on the 35 units and just the spread of them. So I've invested around Hoteng. They are actually about six different properties. They sort of what we call multi-layered units. And they're based around Hoteng. So I have properties all over. People always say focus on one area. I'm not one of those people. I've diversified across areas. So all my properties are about 40 kilometers apart. I've got properties in Florida, in Boxburg, in North Cliff, always in Pretoria. So I've invested around Hoteng. Okay. And I think that gives people a really good sense also as you've said that there isn't only one way to go about investing in properties. So while others may focus on a particular area, making sure that you actually diversify areas is also something that's very important. We're going to go for a quick break and get a sense of who the two lucky winners that I mentioned earlier on the show are. Remember if we call your name, you have to drop us a text down here below to claim your prize. That's, of course, the 500 rands that is up for grabs. We have reached the 10,000 comments, that goal that we had set up first of ourselves. And of course, we wouldn't have done this without you at home. So to show our appreciation, we're making the winners circle bigger and announcing two winners instead of one this evening. And after the break, we're going to get a sense from Andrew about some of the incredible other entries that we've seen. And of course, a few tips for property investors that might still be on either offense or just some of the best practices if you're still looking to invest in a property. Let's see who the lucky winners this evening are. And those two lucky winners this evening, and those two lucky winners this evening are Gwanele Shabangu as well as Semi Mashatze. That is Gwanele Shabangu as well as Semi Mashatze. You are the potential, and I only say potential because you have to drop us a text down here below in order to claim your prize. That's 500 rounds each to both of you. So do make sure that you drop us a text. This evening, I'm in conversation with Andrew Walker as the founder of the estate property investors network, Miguel Martens who's a portfolio head for investors at Apsa Home Loans, Jimena Mayema who's an entrant for the Investor of the Year Awards as well as Terian Ramentel who's another entrant of the Investor of the Year Awards. And we're talking all things investor of the Year Awards and certainly how you at home can get involved. So do you keep the love coming on our social media pages? I absolutely love to see that. I can see that some of you are tuned in and watching. And I can see we've got Serifim Washeng sending those green hearts. And we've also got, we've got Averaensha Parijichi and also watching Oba Gengle. She first time I'm seeing Oba Geng's name also tuned in. Madashinan is saying, oh yeah, support from big business goes a long way. You need the muscle and support. And that's of course with reference to what Miguel was saying earlier when it comes to of course Apsa having come on board to be a sponsor of the Investor of the Year Awards. Now property investing and perhaps even people who are still interested in investing in property right now. And a lot of the viewers at home who watch the show are either looking to invest in property. Some of them are already property investors. What have been some of the, I'll say the lessons that you've picked up from different entrants over the past few years of running this particular awards that you can share with viewers at home that could potentially just help them in terms of running their property business. Yeah, absolutely Zub. And I think there's a few common mistakes that your newbies make, right? So when we hear all the stories through Investor of the Year and we ask them the question, what is one thing that you could change or if you could reverse the clock a year back or two years ago, what would that be? And 90% of the answers is, Andrew, I wish I've had of known what I know now. Andrew, I should have got legal advice in terms of should I have bought in my personal name or in fact, should I have bought through a company? So a very common question we get for anyone watching this. If you want to get into investing in property, understand the different vehicles that one can invest in, i.e. personal name or a trust or a company or a combination of those. So that's one conversation that's always, always there because people make that mistake and then they've got to undo that and that is very costly. The other one, well I'd say about 70% of applicants and Andrew, I wish I had of got a property coach and I wish I had of known about SAP and why because remember, property is all about people, it's about connections, about networking, it's about learning from each other. So a very common one is I wish I had of got myself a property coach with the Academy as an example or I wish I had of been exposed to a network where I would have got my light stone reports, I would have got the education because often people make silly mistakes. Mistakes that could have been avoided, those mistakes are costly. So I would say to anyone wanting to get into property, first of all, get some legal advice with regards to what entity should I be investing in. The second one is make sure that you are getting the right education and I think the most important thing is people must understand what they're getting themselves into. People often think by buying a property they're going to be wealthy and they're going to make lots of money. Right, there's more to this than meets the eye and that's where we come in is to help educate them to make sure they don't make mistakes and ensure they can borrow the second property and then the third property and then the fourth property and once they've done the small deal summer they can start doing blocks of flats and build houses. It's a career path, right? Start at the bottom and then just slowly ramp up. And I want to get a sense also from the interest about some of the mistakes that they made early on. I often share my own property investment mistakes throughout the show and some of them it's whether you're buying in the wrong entity. Sometimes it's depending how far back you've bought and many of you who watch this regularly certainly for me not knowing what to budget for so all the upfront costs that you have to be aware of. There's a variety of different mistakes that as property investors we sometimes make and sometimes it may just have been because you didn't do thorough research. Sometimes you may have and you still didn't quite know about the mistake that you made. I think I'm going to bring in first, Jimin, what were some mistakes that you made early on that you've now obviously learned from and learned enough that you even of course are one of the finalists for the awards? I made quite a few mistakes I must say but gratefully now I am part of the SAPIN family which actually helps because as they say your network is your network and I'm really getting to realize that now. So some of the mistakes I made was buying properties without viewing. You know back then I didn't even realize that you can simply get somebody to go and view on your behalf and give you information because I ended up in a very difficult position at some point in my property journey. However, with every property deal that you get into there are new learnings. It's been over since 2009. It's been over 10 years now and the learning just continues. You continue to learn and as long as you don't stop looking for opportunities and if you get the right assistance, get the right people into your network. I have found that it's much easier now to get into different deals. Even things I thought I could not get into. Deals I thought I could not handle but with the assistance of a coach of a mentor you really get into those. Some of the learnings are that you know some of the deals that you miss out on you're actually saving yourself a lot. So that's just one of my learnings because at some point I thought every property that I come across I have to have it because I believe it's got the potential I see. But at times it's just about walking away from it and if it's yours it will follow you and if you want it enough you will fight for it. So I've also learned negotiation skills having to negotiate with different personalities just to get what you want out of a deal because you know in property you make the money the day you buy. You don't make the money a few years down the line you make your money the day that you buy that property gets transferred in your name that's when you make it and if you don't make the right decisions if you don't inform yourself enough you lose a lot of money and you only realize it after registration. Those are actually such great learnings I think one of the great things that we do on the show quite well is also being able to learn from other people's mistakes. So somebody pays the rent or somebody certainly pays for the fees and we don't have to make those payments and if anything we can learn from their mistakes. So I want to bring in Terin to share some of the mistakes that you made throughout your property journey. Thanks Amar. Yeah so one of my mistakes which I thankfully didn't make thanks to getting a coach quite early on was I was able to get my structuring in order prior to doing my first property deal and if I didn't get that structuring in order like where you have a trust and a company structure and there's various ways around doing that I would have probably been limited in my property buying capacity going forward but by doing it in that structure protecting my properties I was able to grow much faster and also qualify for much more properties and secondly a mistake I also made earlier on but it's also a learning curve because I don't think you really make mistakes in a property investing journey or in an entrepreneurship journey for that matter it's all a sort of like a learning experience is that I try to manage properties myself and this is while I was working full-time as well and I was I didn't do well at let's just say I didn't do well at managing properties myself so I brought in a property manager and I think since I had a property manager on board I've been able to focus on doing more deals and growing my portfolio much more quicker than if I just if I didn't have a property manager so those I think are the two key mistakes a lot of people do make and there are ways around it but yeah I think those are the two main mistakes I've made and of course to our viewers at home we've got a few minutes left before the end of the show I see that one of the viewers this evening one of our top friend gang members who say my son has claimed his prize I see it's also his birthday so happy birthday to you Sammy I think that's actually a great way for you to end off your birthday with that 500 grand cash prize and the Sammy says I was driving home and I made it on time one of the other top friend gang members Howard and Wigatane saying umakata hake mone to Sammy there and of course also congratulating Sammy on walking away with that 500 grand so we are still waiting for the second winner to claim their prize I'm waiting for the team to let me know if one of the Shabangu has indeed claimed their prize for a few minutes left to do so Miguel I want to bring you in I think one of the things that and we've spoken about this on the show as well is that and this is still on the issue of mistakes and I want to focus on mistakes because I think we do quite a lot and a really good job talking about the highs and the great deals and I think if anything you know the investor of the awards also gives a spotlight to a lot of that and you know our two entrants have also just shared their particular you know properties and I know that they're doing well in growing their portfolios but we're still not talking a lot about some of the mistakes and trying our best to learn from them when you look at some of the financing mistakes perhaps especially from a home loan application perspective I mean what would you say are some of those kinds of mistakes that especially the newcomers are making when it comes to building their property portfolio Great questions Amma so I worry for investors who have purchased in the last two years because they've purchased when rates are very low and they've hopefully and ideally not done their calculations based on lower rates because at some point and we're looking probably towards you know towards during next year there's expectation that rates will start to increase so as Jamana said it's all about the numbers you make your money when you buy but if you haven't considered increasing interest rates that could definitely erode the net profits that are made in your portfolio and put not just your investment at risk but actually your own credit score and your credit rating at risk and that is a killer for investors if you don't protect your credit score banks find that very difficult to support you and I think you know that's one of the things that I always keep emphasizing Miguel because right now a lot of people are looking at property investment and thinking you know interest rates at an all-time high and I always say to people you actually just need to look at last year January's rates and see if you still be able to afford you're making the various payments afford your portfolio essentially and if you can't afford it at last year's January's rates then you need to run your numbers again and perhaps find a different property all together because like you've pointed out we know that rates are going to go up we're not going to enjoy these historically low interest rates for you know an extended period I think there are certain interesting things that people already have properties can do with you know refinancing their properties and open up a bit of equity in their properties but somebody who's getting a new you know home loan facility and has never done this before and sometimes even gets to the maximum of the affordability seeing that always just scares me you know I always just think those are so many red flags and you're potentially setting yourself up you know for failure or certainly you're being in a financially difficult position now I'm the team tells me that unfortunately Juanela has not claimed their prize so it seems that this evening only Sammy Maslante has claimed that 500 grand so have a birthday also to Sammy I think that's a great way for you to end of your birthday and as we end of our show Andrew I want to bring you in I think for people then who want to you know certainly attend the event later on this year how do they go about doing so yeah absolutely so if anyone wants to join it's going to be a hybrid summer between a virtual event and in person so anyone can join inside Africa it's 97 grand to join they can go to our website investoroftheyear.co.z that can spend a couple minutes on the website but that can about take the 47 grand and they can vote so in about next month we'll be letting everyone know finalists are for all the different categories the beginning of the most growth the big leagues social change that's a very simple summer go to investor of the year C7 ran or if you do want to join us it's going to get more as arch in Johannesburg on the 18th of November at 6.30 but either way anyone can join just go to the website and of course we've also shared those details down here below so if you do want to get in touch then certainly go to the website on the link down here below we're going to end of our evening and certainly the show this evening on the snow to think all the best to all the entrants and of course also to Terian and Jamina who've joined us this evening I know that there are also other entrants who of course we couldn't have on the show it's going to be interesting to see who wins it and I think no matter what happens I know this is one of those cliches but really no matter what happens people who typically make it to being finalists have already sort of gone through various hurdles as Miguel has said you know they've been various judging stages so I think already being a finalist is in itself quite a big deal and there are various ways you can leverage being a finalist in a competition of this nature so I think you can already pat yourselves on the back for having reached this stage so all the best to both of you as you certainly see if you're going to be the ultimate winners later on as the event happens in the year and to all of you who are at home of course do go to their website down here below and if you want to find out more about how you can vote in the different projects then they will be sharing it on their website to my guests Miguel, Andrew, Jamena and Terrin thank you so much for joining us this Monday we're looking forward to seeing of course the event later on this year and seeing who is going to ultimately and who rather are going to ultimately be the investor of the year thank you so much for joining us on the show and that certainly brings thank you and that certainly brings us to the end of the Monday edition of the Private Property Popcast with myself Ozamantoumwa Kumalo slightly blue Monday certainly from a tech perspective but we're going to be better tomorrow as we always will be I think it's a blue Monday so we'll leave it at that it's a blue Monday but tomorrow we'll be back as normal and of course do stay tuned at 8 p.m you can catch the Home Shoppers show with Chad we're keeping the conversation going on our social media pages so do of course keep engaging as I'll be back on your screens tomorrow evening at 7 p.m until then hope that your staying home and staying safe


If Phil Zimmerman's in here, you can feel free to talk while we're setting this up if you want to go first so people don't have to wait even longer. Hello. Hi, I'm Phil Zimmerman and I'm kind of doing a last minute substitute talk, not a substitute talk but a steel 20 minutes of his time talk. Thanks for letting me do that. So I just wanted to give you a quick little update on my project for secure VoIP Z-phone. Last year I was here, was that a year ago? Must be. Anyway, I demonstrated a prototype written in Python and that was just for proof of concept to see if the protocol works. But now I actually have some real software you can download from the website. It's written in C, not Python. And it's not a standalone VoIP client. It's sort of a plug-in for whatever VoIP client you prefer to use, except for Skype, not that one. But if you have a standard VoIP client like Xlider or Ibeam or Gizmo or SJ Phone or any number of others, then you can run my Z-phone software that will go into the IP stack and encrypt the phone call by detecting the VoIP-related packets and interceding at the beginning of the call, at the beginning of the packet stream of media packets and doing the Diffie-Hellman exchange and setting up the keys and then encrypting the rest of the call. It's got its own separate little GUI that tells you if the call is secure. It's got a couple of buttons on it, go secure and clear, you know. And it uses Diffie-Hellman to set up the keys. It displays a short authentication string to tell you that there is no man in the middle. And it doesn't involve any public key infrastructure. It doesn't involve the SIP servers. It doesn't involve the VoIP service providers. It doesn't involve any third parties at all. And the reason why I designed it this way is because I felt that architecture has a lot of impact on, you know, whether your call is going to be secure. I just felt that, you know, the other encryption schemes for VoIP all involve the signaling. They all involve the participation of the SIP servers, the participation of the VoIP service providers, the participation of the telephone companies. And it just seemed to me that somehow it just, it appears that the phone companies don't always have your best interest in mind. And so there's a whole bunch of other VoIP encryption standard proposals that all involve the participation of the phone companies of the VoIP service providers. Mine doesn't, and I think that matters a lot. We presented this to the IETF. John Callis, Alan Johnston, and I presented an internet draft of the IETF. And there's been a lot of discussion about it there, comparing it to the other schemes that are currently under consideration at the IETF, the ones that all use the signaling. And, you know, the proponents of the other schemes are, they view this as a layer violation because I'm doing the key exchange in the media stream, which is highly unorthodox in their view. Well, you know, the media stream is how they always used to work in the public switch telephone network in the old days of secure phones. It works just fine there. Nobody called that a layer violation. And that didn't involve the phone company. So I thought it would be a good way to do it here. So there's no persistent key material. The keys are created at the beginning of the call and they're destroyed at the end of the call. There's perfect forward secrecy. There's also something else. You remember I mentioned that you read aloud and compare a short authentication string with your partner to see if there's any man in the middle attack. That's a kind of a substitute for a public key infrastructure. Well, not everybody's going to do that. I mean, there's a lot of nerds in this room that would do it, but your mom's not going to do it. So what do you do for those cases? Well, it has another thing. It uses key continuity, sort of analogous to SSH. In other words, if the man in the middle is not there to attack in the very first call, he's locked out of all future calls like SSH. This is one audience that I don't have to ask for a show of hands of how many people here have used SSH. It's not the same approach as SSH. It doesn't involve persistent public keys for signatures. Instead, it retains a shared secret from the earlier call. It hashes it and retains a hash of it so you can't work backward to recover the old one. And on the next call it does a fresh, stiffy helmet like it always does, but then mixes in the reshared secret from the earlier call. So you have key continuity.  After 100 calls you decide that today we're really going to talk about very secret stuff and so you check the short authentication string and it matches. Well, that proves not only that there's no man in the middle in this call, but it retroactively proves that there never was a man in the middle all the way back to the very first call. That's a nice security property and it's all without any public key infrastructure and the servers don't even know you're doing it. The SIP servers are not aware that you even did a key exchange. So of all the various encryption schemes for VoIP, this one I think is the most politically congruent with the values of the people in this room. And I think that it will prevail in the long run competitively over the other VoIP encryption schemes for the same reasons that PGP has prevailed against PEM in 1991, MOSS in the mid-1990s and even SMIME today, which has an enormous deployment advantage over PGP and yet no one uses it. Architecture matters and the activation energy for PGP is much lower than it is for SMIME and that's why people use it. That's part of why they use it. They also trust it more. And the activation energy for this is much less. You don't have to build a PKI. So if you go to my website philzimmerman.com right now or tonight and download it, you can get the third public beta. It's been out since March but now a few days ago I just did a new public beta. It's a third one. You even have a Windows one for the few of you, the five or six of you in this room that use Windows. And it's the second public beta of the Windows so it's more stable. I'm told that the engineers have fixed the blue screens of death and it even has an uninstaller. So I think it's going to become the de facto standard for VoIP encryption. I think it's going to change things. So any questions? I'm relying on the short authentication string for that. You're going to have to use your common sense, your ordinary brain.  We always manage to solve that problem with the public switch telephone network and nobody got upset about that. I just wanted to make sure that that's what it was. Well, all right, maybe I'm done early. Everybody download it. And by the way, something I need, I've been doing my code development in the Ukraine because I'm paying for it out of my own pocket. This is not a venture capital funded enterprise here. This is my own little private project. And so I need people to beat up on this thing. And I don't know, is there anybody here that's good at that? Is this the kind of conference where I might find somebody that could do that? So please download it. You can get the source code for the Linux version. Actually, you can get the source code for all the versions, but the website, you can immediately download the Linux source code. I need to do, not the crypt analytic breaks, I don't think you're going to be able to get very far with that, but I would like people to beat up on it on the more traditional buffer overflow attacks and malformed packets and all the things that you're already good at doing for breaking into systems. Of course, it's going to depend on what kind of VoIP client you have hooked up to it, but that's not my problem. Now, in the long run, this thing is going to be inside of VoIP clients, integrated inside of VoIP clients. That's the best way to do it. In the meantime, though, we're doing this IP filter approach, and I recently signed an agreement with a Canadian company called BorderWare that makes a VoIP security gateway, and they're going to put it in that. So you can have an office with 100 VoIP phones all connected to the VoIP security gateway that will apply the ZRTP protocol, that's the protocol that is in Z-Phone, out to the cloud. So the last 10 or 20 meters will be not encrypted, but it's better if it's inside the phone, but this is also pretty good. So anyway, I'd like people to try to attack it. So please. And by the way, if you do break it, send me an email about it before you announce it. It's in beta. I expect there's bugs in it. I just wanted to thank you for your work with PGP and continuing to work in this space and using your talents here, even in the face of the adversities you've faced. Well, thank you. Thank you for saying that. I'm hoping this will be my Act 2. I'm getting a little old for an Act 3, so this one's got to be good. Yeah, it's letters and numbers. Later on, I'm going to add the word list that we use in PGP. Actually, that word list was originally developed 10 years ago for PGP Phone. So it was originally developed for the same product, pretty much. Yeah, I don't think the rich little attack is not going to work. The rich little attack. Oh, you guys are too young for that. Rich Little was an impersonator in the 1960s. He did Ed Sullivan and Richard Nixon, and he did almost everyone.  The rich little attack is not a realistic attack against this. There's too many ways that you can thwart that. The attacker doesn't know when you're going to read the short authentication string. He doesn't know how you're going to do it and what form you're going to do it.  So, remember, the attacker is trying not to be detected. He's not going to risk it. So you just read like, what, four characters. Four characters and it's base 32 right now. Later, we'll change it to words. Then you'll just probably read two words. If you read two words and it's one byte per word, then eight bits per word, then the attacker has only one chance and 65,000 of success. Ah, I got five minutes. So make this, you know, do stuff with this. Put it in, you can download the source code and write to me about putting it into VoIPliance. You're probably going to get it in, what? So the question is, is this subject to Kalea? PGP doesn't have any back doors in it. That's pretty well established. PGP is not subject to Kalea and neither is this. And the reason why this is not subject to Kalea is because Kalea governs the behavior of the service providers. Kalea requires the service providers to cooperate with the government to hand over whatever they've got, which would typically be either keys or if it's not encrypted, the packets themselves. In the case of the ZRTP protocol in Z-Phone, the two parties that are doing the conversation, Alice and Bob, they're the ones who work out the keys between them without the participation of the service providers. The service providers are not in a position to provide any keys. So Kalea is actually sort of irrelevant. I didn't mean that in a pejorative way. I'm just saying it doesn't technically apply, you know? Although I'm sure that plenty of people would also look at it in a pejorative way. Yes, I'm using AES. In fact, the low-level packet encryption uses a protocol called SRTP, which is also used by the other schemes that I've been trashing in the last few minutes. It's actually a very good way to encrypt the voice packets. SRTP is a great protocol. In fact, it looks just like the protocol I developed 10 years ago for PGP Phone, except it's actually even better because they put an authentication tag on each voice packet. I didn't do that then. The threat models changed over the years. So, all right, there's plenty of technical information on the website. There's an FAQ page. There's the internet draft. There's source code. And I can even give you a documentation for the SDK if you want to look at that. So there's plenty of stuff to look at. So send me an email, philzimmermann.com, spelled with two Ns, the German spelling. There's another guy named Phil Zimmerman with one N, so don't go to his website. All right, thanks. So I want to introduce Joe Grand, the man who's responsible. That must be Spacerogue, the one guy I haven't seen in about eight years. Yeah, I hear you back there. Whatever happened to hackernews.com? Hey, so this is Joe Grand, the guy behind the badge. We've been thinking of doing these badges for four or five years. And every year the cost came down, the cost came down. It got easier and easier to do. And finally, it fell within our budget. So it's not that we don't have cool badge ideas. It's just that we can't normally afford them. Joe figured out how to make that work. So he's going to tell you the story behind the badge, sort of all the technical challenges he had. And also I just want to say, hey, thanks for toughening it out this morning with us for this whole safety inspection thing. And you guys are cool about it. So anyway, with that, take it away, Joe. Oh, and he's going to be competing in the mystery box challenge.  You should just at least go over and look at the mystery boxes because they're cool. Wow, thanks. God, I love having Spacerogue here. Cool. Thanks everyone for coming and sitting outside and everything. I'm Joe, as you already know. Some of you guys might know me as Kingpin, the old man from the loft back in the day. I'm going to pretty much run through a lot of this stuff kind of quickly and just get to some of the fun stuff since I only have about half the time. Check out the story in the DEF CON program for a little bit, another view of what's going on with this badge. But basically, if you do have questions, I'm going to run off afterwards, off the stage. I have some questions about this. Basically, the development process of this badge was sort of fun. If you are new into product development or you want to get into hardware hacking or anything like that, here's sort of the steps that I took for it. And we're going to run through pretty much all of that. When DT and Ping, basically, as he just said, he had this idea of doing a badge for a while. So now is the time to do it. We made 6,055 badges, which anybody who's had any sort of manufacturing experience, that's a lot of badges. That's just a lot of anything. The chances of things going wrong without amount of quantity when boards are being built by hand in China in a factory that I can't physically go and watch is pretty scary, but luckily everything worked out because you guys have the badges. We needed to keep the cost under $5, which is even expensive for a DEF CON badge, but we thought it was cool enough to just do it anyway. Obviously, DEF CON logo, all these things that I had to design into this thing. Here's the concept sketch right as I got off the phone with DT and with Ping. You can see just sort of, we had a bunch of different ideas of stuff to do, and that was the original kind of idea. So after some discussions, we figured, all right, we're going to have the DEF CON logo, the icons on the top copper layer of the board. So if you guys aren't familiar with PC board design, that's okay. For this particular printed circuit board, we have two layers, the top layer and the bottom layer. Those layers that are covered by this colored thing, which is called a solder mask, is actually copper traces, copper layer. So we wanted the icons and the DEF CON logo, as you see on the top layer. Crossbones and the smile were actually to be cut out, which also was done. That's a difficult thing for printed circuit board design. Most times printed circuit boards aren't actually designed to be like artistic elements that are actually shown around and made to look cool. So getting the factory to say, okay, to have them understand that these aren't going to be shoved inside of a box somewhere was kind of interesting. Different solder mask colors. Some of you guys have blue. Some of you guys have white. Human badge is white. I'll show you all the different colors that are out there. Some of us have gold. Different colors for different clientele. The button you guys have probably already figured out goes through these different modes. No, that random pseudo random mode is actually not any sort of subliminal message. It's no Morse code. For those of you guys who spent hours looking at it yesterday, sorry. But if you do find something out of that, let me know. Here's the preliminary schematic that I put together, essentially like an electronic roadmap of the circuitry, and later on you'll see the actual final one, which might be a little easier to read. But we ended up using a microchip pick 10F device, which was a new Saat 23 package. Just six pin, tiny little microcontroller if you look on the back. You can see it. It's the only black chip on there. I was looking for an excuse for the past few weeks to actually experiment with that device. It was a perfect opportunity to do it. Basically just have two LEDs, a switch, and some power going to it. So really a really simple type of device. And you'll see I have a little star programming port accessible for hackers. That's accessible for you guys, and I'm going to explain the contest a little later on. But if you look on the board, the five pins at the top is a programming port. It's not JTAG for those who have wondered, but I'll get into that a little later. So the first thing that I needed to do was put together some breadboards, test out some of the circuitry, make sure everything's working before I actually started designing a board. So we went through evaluating different types of LEDs. I basically just picked up a ton of different LEDs from DigiKey, laid them all out, took some pictures, and sent them off to DT and Ping so they could tell me which ones they like. After that, wrote some code for the processor, fine-tuned, tweaked it. Once it worked the way I wanted, then I ended up working on the board. So I'm going to skip over some of the basic electronic stuff. I'll talk about that later if you want. Here's one picture. This was the LED they liked the best. Here's another view of... What you can see here is on the right side is the DIP package, the dual inline package of the microchip pick processor, which was a little easier to work with for prototypes. I just had the button and the LEDs, so easy stuff. For the code development, some of you guys are more on the software side, firmware side of things. I use CCS PCM, dozens of compilers available for pick processors. Also used MPLAB 7.3 for the IDE, which integrates with CCS PCM pretty well. But you can also write stuff in assembly and in other versions of C. So you can grab some development tools off of the microchip website if you're interested in hacking these. The state machine is basically a simple state machine, right? So we either go through the steady, blink, alternating and the state is sleeping. So you should be able to last at least the length of DEFCON with the one battery. Here's a view of an IDE if you guys have never seen an IDE before, which I find highly unlikely. Here's the final schematic, something a little nicer that I drew up in ORCAD, which is my schematic capture tool that I use. It's a lot better to just be able to visualize something nice. It's basically the same thing as you saw on the hand-drawn sketch. And this is what I ported over to the board. So if you are interested in hacking this board, take a look and you can see everything you need here. You don't have to start probing stuff out with a multimeter if you don't want to. In the interest of time, skipping over drawing schematics, but I should mention if you do want to get into drawing schematics and don't want to pay $10,000, check out GEDA running on UNIX platform's first schematic capture for PC board layout. Pretty cool to get started with that. Next thing that we had to come up with, so we had the circuitry working, we had to end up designing in parts that we could actually get thousands of pieces of within a few weeks to be able to send out to the factory. Again, we had to keep the thing under $5. DigiKey and Mauser are two good electronics distributors, so if you guys want to get parts pretty quickly, they have just about everything. You don't even have to leave your house, which works out well. So once we got those parts, we ended up using a company called Future Electronics where we gave them find second sources, find cheaper stuff, which would enable us to get down below that $5 unit. And Future, larger distributors are about 30% cheaper than Future, or than DigiKey in the online sort of distributors, so that was pretty cool. Here's a full bill of materials, which is hard to see from probably in the back, but I believe this presentation's on the CD. All the parts break down and costs and everything. Again, I'm going to skip this stuff, but let's see. Make Magazine issue two, Make is a sort of new do-it-yourself magazine by O'Reilly Publishing. They have a really good article on etching your own printed circuit boards. You can buy some equipment at Radio Shack if you do want to etch your own. You're not going to get precision like you do with an actual professional fabrication, but it's a great way to start, so I will mention that. I'm going to skip all this boring stuff. I'm going to do a little bit of static, which I did. Output and Netlist, which is basically a text description of how every component connects to every other component, so it's going to say U1 pin 1, which would be the microprocessor, is connected to R1 pin 2. Just all text. Import that into a PC board design program. In my case, I used Protel DXP, which is a fairly expensive package, but I designed boards for a living, so it was sort of worth the money. And Gerber plots are basically a binary or text vector description of how the board is actually laid out, where you can send Gerber files. It's an industry standard thing, so you can send it to any board house just about anywhere in the world, and they can make your boards. So designing the actual PCB, here's the process that I used. I had to verify the size, make sure that this thing wasn't going to look huge when somebody's walking around with it. Created the mechanical outline, I wanted them to sort of be in one general area. Import the net list, route the board. I wanted to keep all the traces on the bottom side, so if you look on the top side, there's no actual electronics at all. Everything's on the back side, all the connections are on the back, so it sort of looks nice from the front. Run some tests, output the plots, send everything to a company called eTechNet, which is actually exhibiting in the other room, and I'm going to talk about them a little bit. Work with those guys to make sure So here's a screenshot of the actual circuit board layout program where I'm doing the mechanical design first, laying out the shape, and then I can start adding components. And the hardest part, again, was to mention these cutouts and make sure that the cutouts were actually being cut out properly and that they actually look nice and everything. Working on the top layer, the bottom layer, and you see here the bottom layer is in reverse, because with most PC board design programs, you're looking at the bottom layer through the top layer, so you're always kind of looking at it upside down. So if you end up do working on boards, make sure you reverse your text so you don't get boards back with all the text the wrong direction. Doing a little mock-up, making sure everything worked out right before I ordered a prototype. And prototype boards, what's cool about making your own boards right now is you can get boards done for maybe even $20 for single one-off printed circuit board. So it's gotten to the point where pretty much anybody can go order printed circuit boards, either collecting cans to get the money or work a few hours. So what I first did is ordered a few bare boards from eTechNet. Make sure the board layout was good, make sure the cutouts were right, hand assembled those, sent those off to DT and Ping for the final sign-off, which I assume they liked. Ended up doing some current measurements, so I wanted to just verify the electronics. One of the limitations, or at least one of the requirements, is we needed to make sure that the battery would last at least throughout the length of the conference to turn it off. So we're well within that range, and here's all the different current measurements based on the different functions. So current consumption is going to change whether you have both LEDs on all the time, which draws the maximum amount of current, or if you have the blinking or alternating, it's a little bit less. And the numbers in red are the actual current values for this thing, with the two blue LEDs. So with some calculations, it turns out in the random mode, these things will last for 10 and a half days, ideally. Sometimes you might get more, sometimes you might get less. If it's steady on, just the two LEDs on, 4.6 days, so still longer than DEF CON, which would be okay. Luckily the batteries are cheap, so if they do run out, you go buy another one for a dollar. I really just wanted to put this in because I'm proud of the Big Mac hat that I found at a flea market. So this was actually the first time we got the board working, and I was pretty stoked. So finding the parts ended up being the hardest part of this process. Designing the board was, you know, it's a pretty simple design, but it did have its challenges. But getting enough parts to make sure that 6,000 badges could be built was not an easy task. If we didn't get the parts, we wouldn't have the badges, and I would have looked really bad, and Jeff would probably not talk to me again. So again, you know, I mentioned that we used future electronics, which is good because their prices are really cheap because they have good vendor contacts, but it's bad as you'll see because we ran into a lot of problems. And then I also used Digikey, which has a service now that they can actually program parts for you. So if you don't have a device programmer or if you don't want to program 6,000 parts by hand, you basically send Digikey the program code, the firmware that you want to program into a device, they'll program it for you for a little bit of setup charge and send it right back to you. I think they charged me 25 cents a piece of my microchip pick parts. So it's a pretty good deal. Some of the issues that I had with future electronics, some misquoted lead time, so we built in a lot of extra time for this project to make sure that we were going to have everything ready. So I ordered parts probably 12 weeks before we actually needed them. Turns out that one of the sales guys I was working with at Future said, oh yeah, they'll be here in three weeks. They didn't arrive until after six weeks, and by then the factory is like, a little bit frustrating. Lost parts out of 12,000 LEDs that we ordered, somehow only 500 of them were shipped and the others were lost. I don't know how you lose 12,000 LEDs or 11,000 LEDs, but that's a lot of boxes. Slow shipping, basically, I tell the guy, I need this stuff soon, ship it directly to the factory, and of course he doesn't do it, ships it by ground to the wrong address. Late though I was upgraded to a sales contact that actually knows what she was doing, so Future isn't necessarily all bad, just beware. I just wanted to mention this because this is part of the product development process and you run into issues like this all the time. Luckily they were resolved, we got the badges and all of them were actually made. An interesting thing is out of all of the 6,055 that were produced, built by hand, again in a factory in China, only 34 of them didn't work on the line, which is pretty impressive. I think that's like a half percent yield or half percent failure, which is pretty good. Here's the sheet and this is sort of the hell I had to go through for a few weeks of keeping track of what part went where and who had what. Sort of a nightmare. So again, placed the order, got all the parts, sent everything over to e-TechNet, worked with them. They actually had sent me a first article of each color board, the first board that they built and manufactured. They send those to me, I can say, okay, this is perfect, pull the trigger on the entire board, so that's what we did after the first article was approved and the rest of the boards were being made. Choosing the colors was sort of fun because we knew that we needed to have different color badges, of course the goons are always red, VIPs typically are black, so we wanted to do some fun stuff here and so we were experimenting with a lot of colors and typically if you look at circuit boards well green is sort of boring unless you're pressed, press gets green. So, whether that means anything or not I'm not sure. But we wanted to experiment with just whatever other colors were available for solder masking. A lot of the other colors are difficult to work with during the PC board process as far as the temperature requirements, storage requirements, the way they dry. So we basically just talked to the factory and said give us every single possible color that you have and then we ended up picking the ones that we liked. So here's some pictures of the gold and white and black and a few of the samples that the factory sent they didn't even cut them out of the board, they just lathered the solder mask on top basically like silk screening a solder mask right on top of the board. And that solder mask by the way protects all of the traces on the board. So if you try to scratch off a trace it's not going to work. The solder mask is just a protective layer but we use it to look cool. Here's what we ended up with for the final colors. How many did we have? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 7. Humans obviously are white. We had 5,185 of these. So actually here, this is a good list so you can see how rare your badge is. The goons were red, presses green, speakers were blue, vendors are purple, VIP black, and then I made one panel of circuit boards in gold because I'd always wanted to work with gold. Hey, someone's actually calling me. That's really weird. It's space rogue. You can't get enough of me. I guess I'll turn it off. Or maybe we should talk to him. It's funny, no one ever calls me on this phone. There's my phone. It's old. So I made 20 of gold because it was sort of a color that I'd never seen in printed circuit board manufacturing before. The factory was like, yeah, we can do gold. So of course it took them a few weeks to actually find the gold and experiment with it because they'd actually never worked with it as far as I know. So the gold here, there's 20 of them made. I'm wearing one of these. Dark Tangent and Ping have the other somewhere. No, I don't have any extras. This is the only one I do have, but I thought it was cool. I don't know if it actually gets me in anywhere, but I thought it was neat. So one other thing is part of the assembly process, I needed to create a parts placement diagram to send to the factory so somebody who has completely no idea about the board at all can still assemble it. This is the top drawing of the parts placement. Of course we have the two LEDs, that's all there is. Bottom parts placement just shows the parts with actually part designators that match up to the schematic. So on this, you can't really see, but U1 is the microprocessor and then I have R1, C1, R2. That's so somebody can visually look and see what the parts are. If you look on our board, we don't have that information printed. That was because I think it sort of looks ugly. It also, you might see this sometimes in products so people are hoping that hackers won't actually be able to reverse engineer their products by not having part designators, but in this case it just looked bad with having them on there, but we at least had to specify those parts so whoever was building this knew what they were doing. And then of course a test procedure. I didn't want these boards coming all the way from China and not working, especially with 6,000 people. So that was a little bit stressful. The hard part about doing test procedures is making sure that the factory is actually testing the boards. I've heard a lot of horror stories about companies having a test procedure hanging up on the wall in the factory and then getting boards with no chips actually soldered on them. And that's happened. So the test procedure is basically insert the battery, hit the button, go through all of these things and I included a little video that I sent to the factory so they'd be able to understand exactly what was going on. Here's the front of the first article approval when they all came into me all the different flavors in the back. So it might be cool if you can actually create your badge with other people or something. Okay. Badge hacking contest. What I'm actually up here to talk about. Basically we decided since this thing was electronics and it was sort of fun and people might be interested in poking around on it we decided to have a little DEF CON badge hacking contest. What can you guys do? What sort of interesting things can you modify to the board? Basically the coolest thing that we decided, whether it's whatever, anything goes and we're going to award something at the award ceremony on Sunday. What I'm going to say is I need to, I guess have a decision on which board to give an award for before that time. So if you are interested in hacking your board I'll be at the contest area at 12 o'clock on Sunday and bring your hack there and show it to me and if you guys don't mind I want to show a few at the award ceremony so we can show what kind of cool stuff's been done. Microchip development tools so if you do want to take advantage of those five pins the Microchip in-circuit debugger pin out is right there for you if you look on the schematic you'll be able to see what those connections actually are. We're going to have one development kit available, I'm going to leave it at the E-TechNet booth you're going to still have to install some software and everything but I'll leave that at E-TechNet and there's a few others for sale in the store pretty much at cost and you'll need the actual ICD-2 debugger unit and then you're going to need an adapter which is the smaller box that comes with the kit to work with the PIC-10F device so it is sort of fun yeah that's what's on sale at Main Def Con there's only four of those there I think it's like 350 bucks I know all of you guys have that much cash in your pocket maybe they take credit cards I don't know but it is fun and the good thing about those development tools is it works on any Microchip device that's out there pretty much even doing some hobbyist electronics and designing products you'll be able to reuse it and not just hack the badge and then be done and I think one of the awards of the hacking contest for the badge is we're going to give away one of those development kits which I guess by then you might already have one but actually so I sort of wanted to show you guys mine and what I did to my hack just because we have time I call this like the squirting flower and I figure people are going to expect me to do some sort of electronics thing but instead I just have it squirt except when it leaks in your pocket that doesn't really work yeah I know emulating the water without the development kit was pretty hard but you can get creative so I guess that's it thanks a lot enjoy the show and come find me if you have questions