Two two three four five do three four five Three four five What you're saying to No, I'm going. Well. I know that but it sounds like to so Hey look back to your ship direct support over there you false instagram Twitter for more juicy content Thank you to everybody sports and patreon Follow us on official Twitter, count subscribing you like button in there just, thank you And today, we have another thing about the moon mission. Oh great, I hope it's about political satire. Yes. But this one is actually, the reason I'm doing it is because it's Neil deGrasse Tyson talking about it. And I do love me some Neil deGrasse Tyson. Love me some Neil deGrasse Tyson. He's talking specifically about the Indian moon lightning and its significance. Awesome. I love to hear his perspective on this. Love Neil deGrasse Tyson. If you'd just like to listen to smart people talk about space a lot. He's a great one to listen to. Talk about pretty much anything. He talks about so many different things. He's just a really wonderful contributor to world conversation. So even if it's some stuff we've heard about, I just want, I like hearing Neil deGrasse. And so since he's talking about something India related, I just wanted to watch this. I got sent this as well. So here we go. And when it comes to science, he kind of knows what he's talking about. Kind of a little bit of a specialty there for him, I think. I delivered something when I was doing postmates to his office. Oh really? He wasn't there, but. I see two major milestones here. One is that there are now four countries who have safely and softly landed on the moon. Well, what an amazing insight. From Russia, Soviet Union, United States, China, and now India. I like it when the whole world participates in things and not just one country or another. So this is an important step. It's a sign to us all that space is everyone's backyard. And I foresee a day when in 10 years, 20 maybe, where there are 10 countries or 50 countries. And so we are all then voyagers to this beautiful grand home we call our universe. So it's fourth out of how many in the future. I hope it's many more. So that's the first. Second, as is true for any science project, you don't want to redo what someone else has done and already been verified. You want to do something new. So I'm glad India did not land in the same place everybody else has landed on the moon. That's not interesting. You chose a place where no one has landed before. And that's the South Polar region of the moon. Now you might have missed it by a day. The Russian spacecraft Luna tried was it. I forgot that failed to land successfully. And so now with this safe landing Chandra and three, you're the first ones in on the block. So so that's a that's a that's an important place to be. Everyone will be watching you and the results of this experiment and this rover and this lander and the search for water. We think there's water in the South Polar regions for very interesting scientific reasons. So I see those as the two, the two milestones. And when trying to failed, I, I said to myself, OK, well, there's time to learn from that failure. Right. Nothing wrong with failing when you're doing something no one has done before. You expect failure. So you need to train the audience to recognize that, OK, we learned from that. And we make adjustments for the next mission so that those same mistakes are not made. The same mistakes. No excuse. Bad. You make different mistakes. That's you kind of expect that. And this one is going along smoothly so far. And at the time we are recording this, they have yet to deploy the rover. So congratulations on the soft landing. They have the rover already end of the beginning. We now have the beginning of the science and the engineering and the other technical questions getting asked. So we look forward to what those results would be. Also, when Prime Minister Modi came through the United States, I had the privilege of meeting him at the time. He confirmed for me that he would be signing and he did sign the Artemis Accord, which is a document. I forgot how many pages, a dozen pages or so detailing a cooperative conduct in space for this generation, space-faring nations on the science you would do, the peaceful uses of that science, the sharing of the data. So with India landing in the South Pole, making the first measurements there, that will help inform subsequent missions to the South Pole, but not only other Indian missions, but other missions from other nations themselves. Probably will inform our Artemis mission to the moon where we're sending astronauts because they're going to the South Pole. We want to know what you found so that we can readjust and recalibrate and reprogram the experiments we would be doing so that we can take advantage of what it is that you discovered there first. Yeah, I think I have to say just because the money, we know how to do things expensively. Yeah, that's it. The money. We're good at spending money on missions. The fact that Chandranam cost $74 million. That's insane. $74 million? I don't think Adele just bought a house for that much. Right. We spend more on movies. Science fiction movies and our missions are typically, the unmanned missions are typically at least twice that much, typically five times that much, and occasionally 10 times that much. So I would be curious how you do it so affordably. That's important because if you do it affordably, it means you can do it more time than do new things. And it's less of a loss if one of them fails. All of this matters in the total ecology of a space program. If everything costs a lot of money, then all your eggs in one basket, and if that fails, what do you do? Okay, you got to start from scratch again. I was delighted to read what adjustments were made on the Chandrayaan three relative to two once they figured out why that second mission failed. It was just what's supposed to happen when you're clever engineers. And for example, they made sure because the south pole of the moon is more treacherous. It's not as smooth and flat as the regions selected by the Apollo, by the Apollo era astronauts in the United States. We chose the flattest parts of the moon. Of course, that makes sense. Because we don't want to get all the way to the moon and have them tip over because there's a cliff at the original landing site that we didn't anticipate. So here in the south pole, the terrain is much rougher. So they built a wider search and capacity and fuel to go with it to find a safer place. Open your landing zone so that you can. So that's not a risk to you. Just what should happen. And you can do that when your missions are not all that expensive. So my I took my hat to this. We're going to want to know how you guys did it. And that's a good thing. Yeah. So, you know, if I can get geopolitical on you. Yeah, we stopped going to the moon in 1972 because we'd be Russia, but we didn't. We could have gone in 1980. We didn't 1990 2000 2010. Nope. Nope. Nope. Nope. We went to the moon and stopped going to the moon. When we first believe Russia was going to the Soviet Union was going to the moon. Find out they weren't or they ended their plans and then we ended our plans. So no, we didn't go to the moon because we're explorers and it's in our DNA. No, we just had to beat the Soviets. We feared. Yep. Yep. Let's be honest with ourselves about that past. Right. So the United States is very good at reacting to a perceived threat. We're excellent at that. Yep. Less good at being proactive. Yep. We can be if motivated, but we're especially motivated in reacting. As long as we view that as a potential threat. Or if there's oil. Yeah. China rises up. Yep. With one of the world's largest economies. Are they communist too? Yes. We invite them. Weird coincidence. International Space Station. They were excluded from this cooperative agreement of space experiments in space. Permanent space presence. So they built their own space program. Launch their own astronauts. They call them. They built their building their own space station. They've got their own missions to the moon. That's what they're doing. And China lately has been kind of a frenemy of the United States. You know that word frenemy and we're a friend. We are a friend and we have a lot of financial commingling. But there are all these geopolitical issues that create some tension. And so China said they want to go back to the moon. We say we're going back to the moon. To me, that is the simplest and easiest explanation for what I see. I encourage people, by the way, that our space program didn't really represent the country. And all the diversity of the country until we had astronauts and engineers that represented everyone in the country. And so I know that one out of six residents of India is Muslim. Very important legacies, not only in the Hindu traditions of mathematics and contributions to math and science back centuries ago. There are Muslim traditions in science, especially the golden age of Islam a millennium ago. So if you want to energize children, you can tell them about these legacies. And they say if you want to continue these legacies forward into space, let's come together and do this together. That's a beautiful point. All the intellectual capital of the country is available to that frontier. Because without it, it's not, if everyone is not participating, you're not necessarily getting the best minds who are out there. Or histories. So we went through that during our Apollo era. That was the civil rights movement here in the United States. Okay, inspired by Martin Luther King himself, inspired by Gandhi. Right. So, so no, I could not have been part of the space program in the 1960s. They weren't thinking of me. Right. I'm in the backwaters by whatever attitudes prevailed. So this is an appeal. All I'm saying you can the space exploration could be one of the greatest engines of peace the world has ever seen because we're all in this together as residents of a country. Ultimately, residents of planet earth to explore. Maybe don't cut off the other grass Tyson. Yeah, really. He said he's great video. He speaks so well. I love listening to him. He's incredibly articulate. He's also extremely insightful. He's amazingly empathetic. He's so reasonable. He's so fun to watch when he's talking with people who have opposing views. Because he's such a generous conversationalist and when they present things that are for other people who would be so intolerant and impatient with the answer. He sees it as an opportunity to educate and also to learn where they're coming. He always comes from an out of a place of, I don't know what all I'm learning, even though he knows way more than the average bear. And I agree completely with everything he said. Most especially at the end there that, you know, I've often thought interstellar and interdimensional beings who would look at this planet must. I just said often to Indrani and my kids said if I was one of those beings and I came by the U.S. I wouldn't get, I mean, the earth, I wouldn't get too close either. I'd be rolling down the window going, yeah, I don't know what I'm going to move on. Because we don't treat each other as one race. We treat each other as these places with these boundaries we've put on ground on our maps. And all it takes is one enemy outside of what we know and you'd be amazed at the unity we would find. No. Yeah, you would be amazed. Suddenly we'd all need to be working together. Are we going back to the moon? I didn't even know that. Everybody's going back to the moon. No, like as astronauts are going back to the moon. Yeah, everybody's going back to the moon. I didn't know. Yeah, but that's the difference because I don't know. I knew Mars, I didn't know. Whereas he pointed out the motivation and it's true. It has been geopolitical both in the 60s and then again with what was going on with China. I'm not convinced that that is a primary motivation in any way shape or form for India. I think, and it's very clear by reason of the thing he referenced that's going to be shared information. I think it's, I think the motivation for India has been purely scientific. Are there geopolitical parts of it? I'm sure there are, but unlike America, the primary reason for it I believe is exploration and science. Whereas our motivations in our past have been geopolitical science secondary. What do you say? There's probably never been a better country at reacting than the United States. Yeah. The most united we ever probably. And not being proactive. Yeah. The most united we've probably ever been as a country was probably right after 9-11. That and World War II. But both of those were reactionary. Reactionary because something happened to us. To us because the rest of the world was yelling at America way before Pearl Harbor. Please get involved. Do you not see what the Nazis are doing and what's going on with Mussolini? And we were like, eh, not interested. Eh, not interested. Pearl Harbor, let's get it. Same thing with 9-11. Suddenly we're unified because we've been attacked. Now we are most definitely not unified. And yeah, yeah, yeah, I know all the reasons behind 9-11, but that's the point is he's correct. You know them? No, no, no. The ones that they're going to be putting down of Bush did 9-11. We all know it. It was created in order for us to go get the oil. Bush. I told you, oil. But this was a great video. Great to hear his perspective. Great to hear his perspective. To other people's oil. That's true. Yeah. Yeah. Great video. Love listening to Neil Graves Tyson. Once again, congrats to India. As always, looking forward to everything that we're going to learn from this mission. And it's no shock that India is going to be at the forefront of everything scientific with us. As they should be. As they should be. Let us know. Any other videos we can react to down below.


إن الحمد لله نحمده ونستعينه ونستغفره ونؤمن به جل ولا نكفره ونعوذ بالله من شرور أنفسنا ومن سيئات عمالنا من يحده الله فلا مضللا ومن يدل فلا هاديلا وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريكلا وأشهد أن سيدنا محمدا عبد الله ورسوله وصفيه من خلقه وحبيبه أدل أمانه وبلغ الرسالة ونصح الأمة وكشف الله به الغمه وجاهد في الله يحق جهابي حتى أتاه اليقين فصلوات ربي والسلامه عليه وعلى كل من اهتدى بسنة إلى يوم الدين والعاقبة للمتقين الله مجعن منهم يا رب العالمين أمين أمين ثم أمين يا أيها الذين آمنوا إتقوا الله حق تقاته ولا تموتنا إلا وأنتم مسلمون أما بعد أمي أمي يقوم بعمل لنا اليوم إذا تأخذت هذه السببات ونسألها أحد يرى just how much الله سبحانه وتعالى حقا برسوله كل سنة التي قلتها وقلتها إلى حقيقاً في الانسين التي تقللها برسولة ومرسولة ومرسولة من الله سبحانه وتعالى كما يقوم بعمل with his creation إمام الرازي يقول كما يكتبون برسول الله سبحانه وتعالى ويقول أن كل سنة التي يقوم برسول الله سبحانه وتعالى يوجد 10 سبورة وكل سبورة وكل سبورة يوجد 10 جسدات من التي نرى حقيقة يقول أن كل سنة تقوم بعمل هذه السببات ونعود سبورة وقوم بعمل كل سنة يوجد يقوم بعمل الشكر عليها يوجد يقوم بعمل جسدات للمسلم والصبر عليها ويوجد right of patience in implementing that word ورد بها ويوجد right of contentment with that word as being received ويوجد and so on and so forth قمت بعمل هذه المقامات هذه are the spiritual stations of certainty التي ستجعل the faith of the believer perfect لفتح كل شيء. وذلك as we speak and as we articulate, as we rationalize الإنسان وحيوان وناثق ، الإنسان هو الإنسان راشيون ، والله سبحانه وتعالى تقلقنا بيان ، علما هو بيان ، يقلقنا بيان كيف تقلقنا ، عندما نسأل ما نقول ، word by word ، نرى إذا نضع ، وإذا نأخذنا time ، نرى just how benevolent our benefactor is, just how beneficent the compassionate Lord is with us, and in this simple utterance, this simple articulation, my mother is preparing dinner for us tonight. Let us take a step back and think about what the word my means, my mother. For in my there is the recognition of a gift and not an entitlement. For none of us are entitled to our mothers.  But the fact that I can say my mother means that there is a gift that was given to me and she belongs to me now and not to anyone else. There is the right of this relationship that she now is ascribed to me. And is that not a gift beyond words? Is that not a gift for which I must be grateful that I can even say my?  This person that Allah ﷻ has put in our lives and whether they are still alive or they have passed on. Our connection to them has never, is never severed.  They number in the tens of thousands. Tens of thousands of meals that she has prepared thanklessly for her family. The word mother, my mother. This woman who has spent countless days and nights grieving over our well-being when we fall sick, stressing over our futures as we meet or fall short of her expectations and how she raised us. This blessed woman in our lives at whose feet heaven lies. My mother is, is. How many wish that they could even say that word is. That is the word that is uttered by a privileged class of people who are alive on the earth today. For everyone before us can no longer say this word is with any meaning. Because we are in the moment alive. And is is a privilege for those who exist to be able to say it with the confidence that the next moment will come. With that next moment we may not come. So the fact that we can even say is, deserves our gratitude for that next breath and that next moment that hosts our lives. Preparing, look at how much time she spends cutting the vegetables, slicing up the meat, preparing the rice, adding the right spices, making it all smell nice. That all goes there into preparation, let alone the time that it took for her to actually find the food in the grocery store or at the farmers market or wherever she got that food. That all is there in the preparation. And then the entire process, forgetting the food from the seedling to your supper plate. The industry that supports that, all of that is contained in that word preparing. Dinner, you have another meal. You have another meal where what majority of the denizens of this earth cannot say that they can expect dinner tonight. But these are meals that are guaranteed to us living here in the West. They are guaranteed without us having to work so hard from the surplus that we suffer in this country. Dinner, another meal. تسألوني يومة إذن عنو النعيم on that day you will be asked about the blessings.  Four, in that word there is intentionality. In that word there is the love that is in the mother's heart, that is moving her limbs and that is keeping her on her feet as she is preparing this meal while she is reciting salawat on the Prophet ﷺ to bless it. And why? For Allah and His Messenger, for the well-being of her family, for the health of her children, for her ability to answer on the Day of Judgment, did you dispense of your responsibility? All of this is moving her heart in the kitchen as she prepares that meal. And for whom? For us.  And do we not have a reason to celebrate us? إياك نعبد وإياك نستعين. You alone do we worship and you alone do we see tour assistance. Us, she's doing so for us, all of the people to whom you are connected in that family and in the extended family and among your neighbors and friends, those people to whom we are connected. And she is preparing that meal for us tonight. Tonight, in tonight there is hope for the future. There is hope for the moments that will come. There is hope for another chance for tomorrow. There is hope that you will actually reach tonight. And in that hope, Allah ﷺ is owed gratitude. There is not a single word that we utter except that it is connected to a blessing. Not a single word that we utter except that it is connected to a blessing. And Allah ﷺ says And if you were to enumerate the blessings of Allah ﷺ you would not be able to accomplish that. For mankind is ever oppressive and ever ungrateful. And he says إن الله غفور رحيم. And if you were to enumerate the blessings of Allah ﷺ you would never be able to enumerate them. Indeed, Allah ﷺ is forgiving, compassionate. Both verses, one in Surat An-Nahl and one in Surat Ibrahim begin in the same way And if you were to enumerate the blessings of Allah ﷺ you would not be able to encompass them. But one of them ends with a social commentary on the human condition Mankind is ever oppressive and ungrateful. And in that verse the تاق of نعمة is a تاق مربوطة. I'm sorry, it's a تاق مبسوطة. تاق مبسوطة means the full تاق. You get a full تاق in that word نعمة. وانتعودوا نعمة الله.  A full تاق. And that full تاق gives the sense of plurality. It gives the sense of abundance. It almost leans into a جمع المؤنة السالم which is a sound feminine plural. It leans toward that even though the broken plural of نعمة is نعمة. But it leans toward that that if you take all the blessings of Allah the abundant blessings of Allah and try to count them you would not be able to do so for mankind is ever oppressive and ungrateful. But the نعمة of the other verse وانتعودوا نعمة الله لا تحصوها إن الله غفور الرحيم الله سبحانه وتعالى is forgiving and compassionate that تاق is written as a تاق مربوطة. Well from your perspective like this. A تاق مربوطة. And the تاق مربوطة is for singularity. It is not for plurality. There is no plural that has a تاق مربوطة which means that if you were to account if you were to enumerate the blessings of your Lord you wouldn't be able to do so and Allah is ever forgiving and merciful. In that He will take all of those blessings that He has given you and He will treat them all as though they were just one blessing for which we must be great. And that is symbolized there in the تاق مربوطة. But then we don't even have to go through the orthography of how this word is written and that's also قيتي from the Prophet ﷺ. We just look at the word نعمة. Allah سبحانه وتعالى says and if you were to count the نعمة of Allah you wouldn't be able to encompass it. What does the word نعمة mean? It means blessing. It does not mean blessings and if you were to account if you were to enumerate the blessings of Allah that's not what the verse says it says if you were to enumerate the blessing of Allah you wouldn't be able to encompass it. This single blessing every single blessing just one blessing take one blessing and try to enumerate it. Very easy. You just gave me the answer in the question. You take one blessing take one blessing eyesight and now try to enumerate that. How many blessings is eyesight? That I'm able to see depth I'm able to perceive color shades tone I'm able to on a moment's notice from my peripheral vision but I'm not even looking at it. I'm able to notice that things are coming my way as I drive on the streets that if there's specks of dust that I can't even see that my eye will pick up on it and I'll blink so that none of that gets into my eye العين وعليها حارس that there is a guard over the eye there's a guardian for the eye the fact that I see everything upside down in my mind I actually see things everything is upside down and through some through some process flips it instantly just to show that he can just to show that he can like what was the wisdom behind that? like why that? so I'm able to see everything it's a miracle beyond miracles so why can't I see it right side up the way that I see you you're not sitting upside down why do I see you upside down? because the brain has to flip it instantly as I see it just because he can سبحان الخالق سبحان الخالق سبحان الله أحسن الخالق so you try to enumerate that you try to enumerate that the color of the eye the iris the composure the fact that the eye can I mean what? the point is me if you were to count the blessing of Allah you wouldn't be able to enumerate but the blessings are intended and although they are intended Allah سبحانه وتعالى talks about them with the singular because he would treat us through his compassion as though they were all one blessing if we just have شكر if we just have شكر and that is the topic of today's khutbah is شكر this beautiful word شكر that in the language they would call they would call a daba شكر they would call this beast if you have a cow or a bull they would call it a Shakur the reason they would call it a Shakur is that even though its its food is so scarce its meat is so plenty when it eats little herbage the herbage is very very scarce but the meat is so abundant and its so heavy with meat and it gives and it gives and it gives of its milk that is called a daba شكر and Allah سبحانه وتعالى is called Shakur because even though our deeds are so scarce and so deficient and they fall short so much Allah gives and He gives and He gives and He gives and He is a Shakur and He is a Shakur if you look at if you take ibn Jini ibn Jini says the root of every word in Arabic is two letters and not three and by changing that third letter you get a change in the variation you get a variation in the meaning thats connected so we say Shakur we take sheen and ka and just treat that you get Shakur which is to doubt right and revelation comes down to quell that doubt to quell that doubt because we are in an illusion that we live self sufficiently and we doubt the mun'in we doubt the benefactor the one who is actually giving us of his blessings we doubt that it actually comes from Allah سبحانه وتعالى and the cure for doubt is shukr and if you switch it one more time you get Shakur which means to complain to complain to complain our states to complain our wants to complain our needs that we never have enough we don't have what we desire and Sayyidina A.S. once said whoever thinks that Allah سبحانه وتعالى is miserly with his provision سبحانه وتعالى because Allah سبحانه وتعالى might just give you everything you ever ask for out of his anger out of his anger with you out of his anger with you he might just give you everything you ever hoped for everything you ever desired or dreamt for out of his anger he may give it to you so this complains you know we complain oh Allah I want never satisfied one of them was complaining one of the Salaf was complaining to another righteous man is a righteous man complaining to him of his poverty and so this man said to him what would you give for your eyes 100.000 درم he said easily he said what would you give for your hands 100.000 درم he said easily I'd give 100.000 درم he said what would you give for your feet 100.000 درم he said for each foot I'd give easily more than 100.000 درم هو ، ما لقد تعطينت؟ أو ، شيء أكثر ،He said you are in a possession of hundreds of thousands of virva and you still have the audacity to complain for your fear and for your lack of needs being fulfilled. So the lack of fulfillment of your needs you're still complaining and you are walking Programs of God's Blessing. هنا are people in this community are not giving them health who just in no time in the recent past and in the very recent future are not going to have the ability to speak people in this community they will not have the ability to speak with their tongues we have no we have nothing to complain about we have nothing to complain about مالذي يقول في سورة الفجر look at this human being look at mankind when Allah سبحانه وتعالى when Allah سبحانه وتعالى honors him and gives him no look at this human being when Allah سبحانه وتعالى tries him when his lord tries him when his lord afflicts him by enobling him and giving him of his generosity and he says my lord has honored me he has enobled me and it's a tribulation it's an affliction it's a trial and a test from Allah تعالى الله calls it a tribulation when he gives to the human being and when he tries him and afflicts him and restricts or constrict his provision to him he says my lord has abased me my lord has humiliated me my lord has disgraced me tying our happiness to what Allah gives or takes and in the giving is a tribulation as is in the taking in the generosity is a tribulation oh mankind what has deluded you from your most generous lord and they said your generosity dear lord it's your generosity dear lord that that deludes us from your generosity from you that deludes us from you the reality of these situations that anything that we are given and anything that is taken away from us is a tribulation from Allah سبحانه وتعالى and in essence it is a blessing because Allah is intimately engaged and involved in our lives in the giving and then taking and isn't that a great honor beyond beliefs that Allah سبحانه وتعالى will actually engage me as my lord that Allah سبحانه وتعالى actually engages me and he doesn't he just doesn't leave me to go he actually engages me by giving me he engages me by taking from and all to bring out of me two qualities شكر or صبر شكر or صبر there are two attributes of Allah سبحانه وتعالى that are always on his servants two of Allah's attributes that never leave his servants either his bust or his cup his expansion or his constriction he is either expanding our states and expanding our affairs in circumstances or he's constricting our states and our affairs in our circumstances and the expansion is in order to bring out of us شكر and the constriction is in order to bring out of us what صبر and if you claim that johzi has said that every bird has two wings and the two wings of faith being that which will make the believer soar into the heavens the two words of the two wings of faith are شكر and صبر they're شكر and صبر they're patients and they're gratitude gratitude and patience respect gratitude and patience ابنى عطاق الله السكندر يسأل ربما منعك فعطاكه ربما اعطاكه فمنعكه he says that ربما اعطاكه فمنعكه ربما منعكه فعطاكه he says that how often does he give to you how i'm sorry how often does he deprive you by giving you and how often does he give to you by depriving how often does he deprive you by giving you and how often does he give you by depriving he says اذا فتح لك او اذا فتح لك أبابا تهني في المنع عاد المنع عين العطاق that if the the door of deprivation is open to you if the door of understanding the deprivation is open to you then that deprivation becomes the very essence of generosity if you just understand it if we're able to understand it and that is a principle that is there in our dean is taught to us by our prophet ﷺ by the sages the great sages of this of this dean but it's also there right there in the language itself the language itself teaches us this message for in the word نعمة in the word نعمة نونعين مين which is blessing if you switch the letters you get مين نونعين منع the word blessing itself if you switch the letters you get deprivation for deprivation is a blessing and you look at the word حرمان and رحمة for حرامين which is to forbid something from coming to you and حرمان is deprivation literally deprivation if you switch that you get رحمة compassion so out of his compassion he deprives us out of his compassion he deprives us and out of his blessing he prevents that blessing to come for if it comes who among us can say with confidence that we can actually give that blessing its due gratitude الله سبحانه وتعالى says that we have shown him the path and he will either be شاكر or كفور he will be فاعل or فعول شاكر is occasionally grateful he's occasionally grateful شاكر but كفور there's a difference between فاعل and فعول فاعل is occasional فعول that's your state now that's who you are that's your it's not just it's not just a state that's temporary that is who you are that is your characteristic whereas شاكر is your state شاكر is a state كفور is a character it took me a long time to get there but we got it فاعل is your state فعول is your character صلى الله عليه وسلم و بارك على سيد محمد والعالي و صحمه وسلم كثير yesterday and this entire weekend the nation is in a frenzy to celebrate the giving of thanks this tradition this holiday is exported throughout the world you have muslims in muslim countries celebrating thanksgiving along with us yesterday and in essence in spirit commemorating a day in which we can all offer thanks to Allah is to be lauded and praiseworthy it is praiseworthy however there's some historical realities to this this particular holiday that many of us neglect to mention or think about or do anything about much less and that is as the country is celebrating thanksgiving there is a segment of this country that has taken this day as a day of mourning for it is a stark memory in their minds of a genocide of their entire peoples through killing through pillaging through disease and through the usurpation of lands the legacy of the first nations of this country is no different from that of the palestinians and we have as our نبارس first nations who are living on reservation camps all throughout this country and here in northern california and year in and year out the entire country celebrates a day that they mourn and it is such a mockery that we don't even think to extend any hand of brotherhood or fraternity to those nations and say that we belong to you and say that we love you reach out to them and say that we understand you and that we mourn with you and that we seek your permission to even use these roads and highways for their permission has never been and to settle in these homes for their permission has never been under which are their burial grounds and some of them even embrace this great faith of ours and they sit among us today with no recognition for the pain in their hearts for their ancestors who gave their lives in in defending their way of life and their tradition and their language and their religion and their everything their families and every year we get stuck in this frenzy of turkeys and black friday what deals are are online today you know how how can i get you know i'm saving up my money for the for the for the discount sale for the past few months i won't buy that vcr would i just say vcr i just said vcr black friday where every single occasion has been twisted into some agenda that's going to make aggressors more and more wealthy at the expense of the working class there are people in this country american indians people of the first nations who are living under the poverty line in what is what exceeds more than 30 percent in what exceeds 30 percent in conditions that are absolutely and utterly abysmal three and four generations living in the same house because when one of them is out on their luck they don't kick them out but they absorb them into the into the home where there is no plumbing where there is no none of the amenities that we have where utilities are not as consistent especially because they can't pay all the bills where food is scarce and many of them are suicidal many of them are in utter states of defeat and pain and many of them are in need financial need برداني need they're in need of of of respect and dignity as human being and it is on their land it is their land that we inhabit and so wouldn't it be nice if muslims if muslims were to extend an embrace and extend an open hand to these people for in the apathy of the entire world is the greatest opportunity for muslims to show the love and the beauty and the light of islam as the entire world turns a blind eye it is the great that is the greatest opportunity for muslims to square up and face them and say will you embrace me as your brother so wouldn't it be amazing if next Thanksgiving 50 of us from this congregation were to go to a different to an art to an American Indian reservation and sit at their feet and take from their tribal cheese and say teach us what we like teach us what we need to know teach us the history of this land for they have a narrative aswell they have a thing to the thing or two to tell us about columbus they have a thing or two to tell us about clima� slot they have a thing or two to tell us about Thanksgiving in the pilgrim they have a thing or two to tell us or thing or two to tell us about the pure the δاقش who did the pure things and what they did when they came in they have a thing or two to tell us about the tay Jerusalem and instead of learning our history from the sixth grade lies my teacher told me لكي يجب أن يجب أن يقوموا بسيطة فيهم ويقولوا يا أخوة فيلج، يا أخوة فيلج، أخوة فيلج، أخوة فيلج أعلم ما أعلم في ذلك is a gesture of brotherhood and fraternity that they are not used to for the world turns a blind eye to them just like they turn a blind eye to the Palestinians and it's the same exact story word for word and in that let us celebrate we'll have our feasts we'll be with our families this is not a guilt trip but the message is very clear that we have to get to the essence of what is really being celebrated here we have to really know exactly what's going on historically with this with this and other holidays and we have to reclaim it reclaim the true spirit of it when he got to Medina and he found the Jews fasting and he said why are you fasting and they said we're fasting because this was the day that Musa A.A. took us from Egypt and this is the day that commemorates our exodus and he said we are more entitled to Moses than you are and so he added a day to the fast he improved it he beautified it he adorned it and he owned it are you ready to own it but to own the essence of it and to own up to the history of it and to actually pay homage to the people who suffered in this country defending themselves for in that is the secret of brotherhood that could be the door to their salvation and our redemption I'll say this before I leave may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this may Allah protect us from this واجمعنا به عند الحود وبعض الحود يا رب العلمين والزبنة جواره في جنات النعيم اللهم آمين آمين وجعنا من حبيتك الشاكرين الصابرين الشاكرين الصابرين الشاكرين الصابرين الذين كملا إيمانهم في هذه الدنيا يا رحمة رحمين بفضلك ومنتك يا كرين وصلى الله عليه وسلم وبارك على سهل محمد وعلى آلية وصحبة وصلم تستمع


Five years keep that keep the string going Welcome back. We just had a test in this class and By the way, I haven't started to grade those but when as soon as I get this stuff turned in for next fall Then I'll start to grade those today. What I usually do is I'll return them as I grade them So I don't wait till I get them all graded So if I have half the class graded tomorrow then I don't see any reason to hold those back till the other half are Graded, I'll just hand those out with a solution sheet once everybody gets their test back. We'll talk about it I will tell you a couple of you at the end of class Friday I mentioned this to every problem that was on that test was in your textbook So I don't know if you've seen it by going through the chapter reviews or a you know a problem actually from web assign But every problem on that test and I'll point it out to you if you have a question about that when you get it back Was a problem from your textbook a lot of times I look in the chapter review Sometimes I don't find problems that I think are kind of Middle-of-the-road test type questions, but in this case I found them and some of you asked me questions during the test First of all, I would never give you a partial fractions decomposition problem that had like negative 11 17th's For the a or the b or the c value. I just I mean I'm not the nicest person on the planet, but I'm not mean No, it wasn't now see dog on it. You missed that right? But I mean they were integers fact what I do is I'll go from the decomposed part back to the single fractions so that That way I'm guaranteed that they're integers So probably says that something's gone haywire when when that happens Another problem that kind of I really thought this was a gift and many of you rejected my gift Which happens to me all the time The first time I saw the problem in this I know this was a problem from the book It had the e to the x here So the way I started to do the problem I Was thinking so I kind of started this out Let you equal e to the x and in my mind. I'm thinking that's you Because it kind of looks like a you right if you is e to the x Knowing that the real reason I chose you was that this was you squared right? e to the 2x is the same thing as e to the x squared So there's my u squared, which is kind of what prompted me to make this choice when I looked at this problem to see if I thought It was a fair test question And then I'm saying okay. Well, there's a you well Do you if you is e to the x do you is also e to the x? So then that e to the x is needed. So actually when I wrote it on your test Not that this is any big major hint, but I actually wrote it with the e to the x after So that that you would not be tempted or be less tempted to call that you and Then when you discovered this out here at the end you'd say well, okay, there it is Do you is all at the end of the problem? so this is One minus u squared In fact that was on the table of integrals. That was the first one, right? I don't know what number it was 30 maybe 30 Okay, was this was the very first formula because it was a squared minus u squared So I tried to kind of take that from the form It was in the book and send it out there to the right and maybe maybe you think it look a little bit more like D u as opposed to just a u that's out here floating around by itself But I saw a couple of you asked me some questions during the test that You had it going Way different than that and it was way more complicated than that So I really don't necessarily try to do that to you on a test The syllabus let's take a look at that and where we are in kind of some options that we have So section 6.5 is applications dealing with physics Problems and engineering problems It probably to do justice to this section in the textbook. It's probably going to take us all week So we have some options 6.6 or 6 7 Notice what they say in parentheses or More 6.5 if we have time probably not 6.6 Maybe some 6.7 although. I've never gotten to that before in this course 6.7 deals with something that I'm sure all of you are very familiar with is the normal distribution the bell shape curve and When you deal with how many how much of the area is within one standard deviation of the mean and how much is it Within two standard deviations of the mean I mean that's the tip kind of basic statistics glass stuff Isn't it? Are you taking statistics now and then how much is within three standard deviations anybody? if this is a bell shaped curve and we're going one standard deviation here and here how much of the Kind of the population of this normal distribution does that capture somebody recall that 68 68% Okay, and we these are some things we could validate with calculus if you go to standard deviations from the mean it captures How much of the area under the skirt? 95 and if you go three standard deviations from the mean 90 99 okay right around 99% so these are some things that you know in a statistic class you've been told this but in if we get to this in a math class we can actually take the equation and Find out the area under the curve and you know how sure can we be? Based on what one standard deviation is for that particular distribution That we could be within so many standard deviations of the mean so that's actually 6.7 I Don't know if we'll get there or not. We'll kind of see how the week goes there are a lot of Applications in six point five and let's start six point five and you might just kind of as we get to new Types of applications. It's almost like a completely new section in the book So you might want to kind of what you normally do when you go from six point three to six point four Kind of make a mark in your notes that this is a new type of problem We have several new types of problems even though they all fall under this big umbrella of work so some things that We can either see for the first time or hopefully it's review for most of you What force is Force which we're going to need because we're going to take an examination of little I know it sounds Stupid in a way little pieces of work and then we'll use integral calculus I mean you've seen somebody that's a piece of work, right? That's not what I'm talking about. I'm talking about actual descriptions of work and We'll analyze that little incremental piece of work and then use integral calculus to tell us how much work is done So in doing so we're going to need force and distance So let's talk about what force could be in some of the units So force can be mass times acceleration. We've seen that and we've used that Now the different units that we could have The ones that are the most stubborn and I'm by no means I'm not Fluent in these units, but I've come across them enough where I recognize them I don't actually have a wonderful handle on what what a Newton is and what a Newton meter is other than it's a jewel Okay, I don't really have a great handle on that Like I do with a foot pound. I mean a foot pound is you know the force it Takes to move something that's one pound one foot that just have a better handle on that but When we when we take force And if it's mass times acceleration well, we know what acceleration is it's the second derivative of The distance height or position function the s of t Function with respect to t both times So mass could be in kilograms And if our mass is in kilograms then we multiply that by an acceleration constant That then is in another unit, which is meters per second squared and we end up with this strange unit kilogram meters per second squared which is a Newton so somebody that has a really good handle on what a Newton really is Enlightened me this morning on this handle that you have on what a Newton is No, no enlightenment this morning. Hopefully you have a better handle on what a Newton is than I do then if we Convert work, which is what we really want into force Times distance and this this is what we look at incremental pieces of I Agree, it's it's really hot Chandler if we can just prop the door open see if we can get something that we're not all going to be just Rolling and sweat here at the end of class I mean it is work right something we should have a little bit of sweat going because we're talking about work But we don't you know might get a little stinky in here So if work is force times distance, we'll see how much force is required to Stretch or compress the spring or move this particular slice of water to this height And then we'll figure out Incrementally what the distance is that it's going to move little delta x's at a time or little delta y's at a time Then we'll convert it to an integral calculus problem, but basically we're going to need force Well force might be mass times acceleration, especially if we're given something in kilograms We're going to have to convert it to that and then we want to analyze how far that Object is being moved incrementally Little dx's or little dy's at a time. So this could be feet Sorry, this could be pounds And this could be feet and if it's that way it's pretty darn simple then our work required would be foot pounds Okay, if our force happens to be like we have up here Kilogram meters per second squared and let's say this is meters Then we've got an even stranger sounding unit kilogram Meters per second squared times meters or this is we decided was newtons, right? So this is newtons times meters. So a newton meter is a Jewel, okay, and if you have a really good handle on what a jewel is then Please enlighten me. There is a nice conversion. What is it a jewel is one point? Three six foot pounds. I think is the conversion that helps me but as far as So if we have newton meters, then we have jewels So we do have to kind of pay attention to the nature of what we're given If it's a force required to move something or stretch or compress something that is in terms of pounds We're good. Just let it go We want feet probably you can have inch pounds. I guess too, but normally it's foot pounds and pay attention if we've got Newtons and meters then we'll convert it to jewels. All right. So how simple can work be without integral calculus? first example and We don't need calculus to do it. So we have a book That is 1.2 kilograms. It's on the floor We want to The amount of work required to bring that book to a height of point seven meters So work being force times distance Nothing real Mysterious or complicated about this problem. We've got a Let's get agreement here to move a book That Is 1.2 kilograms? I guess it's a little tougher to think about that you think of it Does it how much force does it require to move that book? Well? We've got to convert that to a force first of all So we know that it requires that much force to move that book or lift that book So if it's kilograms, which it is we've got to convert that to Something here that's going to occupy this capital F position the force position So that it actually is converted to a force rather than just a mass So if you've got mass we need to multiply it by acceleration and in terms of meters per second squared What is acceleration? Gravitational constant associated with acceleration 9.8 So that would be a handy thing to hang on to if you haven't come across that in a physics class Acceleration due to gravity 9.8 meters per second per second What would that look like if we needed to use that acceleration constant which in pounds we don't But if we needed it somewhere down the road, what's it look like in feet? 32 feet per second per second right So now we've converted that to a force So the force required to move that book is this and then how far are we going to move it? to a height of 0.7 meters So that's the distance. We're going to move it. We could set up an integral calculus problem to do this, but it's It's just way too simple to Rely on calculus to do it. So the unit here we're going to have kilogram meters per second squared Newton's times meters, which would be Newton Newton meters, which is Joules and It's the product of this number times this number times this number right Force times distance So that should be my arithmetic is right here 8.2. Somebody correct me if that's not What you get when you multiply those three units? 8.2 Joules is the work. All right, let's take another simple non-calculus example Let's say we have something that weighs 20 pounds and we want to move it six feet So the force required to move 20 pounds is 20 pounds of force And if we want to use move it six feet, there's our distance So the work done in this situation required to move something that weighs 20 pounds Six feet would be 120 foot-pounds. No calculus now let's take this one and I don't know how much this is worth, but it's probably worth a minute or two of class time. I suppose we wanted to make a Real simple integral calculus problem out of this one So we're going to move 20 pounds. We're not going to be able to like if it's let's say it's a Dumbbell and we want to move 20 pounds where you're not going to be able to like Partition it up and move it one or two or five or seven pounds at a time. It's 20 pounds We've got to move the whole thing, but we can look at the distance. We're going to move it Incrementally if you're going to move it six feet total, can you move it one inch and then another inch and then another inch? When you get done won't won't you have done the same work as if you just picked it up and placed it up here six feet So we can't incrementally look at the force required, but we can incrementally look at the distance. You're going to move it so There we go, okay 20 is the force Let's say we're going to move it and let's look at this vertical movement We're going to lift it up a total of six feet So we want to lift it up little Increments at a time little delta y's at a time and then we want to add together all of those Moving 20 pounds little increments of y each time From wherever it started we'll call that y equals zero to a position six feet above y equals zero So we could take this problem don't do this because it doesn't make any sense to make the problem more difficult But we're converting it so that it could be an integral calculus problem So I know it's not 20 delta y we would call that 20 dy But I guess the purpose of spending a couple minutes is that here's the force That dy is really a delta y Which is really the distance So 20 is in pounds zero to six those are y values in there and feet well if you integrate 20 with respect to y What do you get? 20 y and if you evaluate that from zero to six You get the same answer again no reason to use integral calculus Just take 20 multiply it by six hundred and twenty foot-pounds, but integral calculus does work on this problem So what we're going to do is we're going to try to analyze the force needed And it could be a variety of things stretch or compress a spring to actually physically move something Look at the incremental pieces of distance And then see if we can decide where to start the process and where to end the process I don't think this is from your book These things are mentioned in your book, but this is in essence what we're doing in this first box is This is the force required to Move this or stretch this or compress this So the work done in moving an object from the point with coordinate a to the point with coordinate b is this These little delta x's or delta y's are the incremental breakdowns of the distance This is I don't think this notation is used in this book That Capital P with that looks like double absolute value Brack's Brackets is is actually called the norm of the partition And if the norm of the partition is approaching zero that kind of is the fattest sub-interval the widest delta x Then if the fattest one or widest one is approaching zero then certainly the ones that aren't so fatter Aren't so wide. They're also approaching zero. So this just says that Whatever we've incrementalized if that's a word They're all practically zero Little we're going to move it little delta y's We're in this case little delta x's that are just little bitty distances each time we move it So what does that become? What does that look like that pretty much looks like the definition of? What a definite integral actually is and that's what we're going to be doing. Here's the force. Here's the distance incrementalized Where does it start? Where does it stop? Now we're going to do a spring problem. So let's take a look at Hook's law Before we do the spring problem. I Know this is in your reading, but I don't think it's kind of it's framed out exactly this way There is a description in sentence form of what hooks law is So let's read it and then we'll try to put that into our own terms the force f of x So we are going to deal with force because it's going to be in the integrand So this force f of x required to stretch and you could put or compress Depending on the nature of the spring problem if the spring is able to be compressed It takes just as much work to compress it as it does to stretch it From its natural length so the force f of x required to stretch or compress a spring x units beyond its natural length is given by this so it's a Pretty simple linear relationship So the force is some constant Times x well, what is x x is the number of units it has been stretched or compressed from its natural length Okay, it's called the spring constant x we can call it's I don't know. I've seen it described as its elongation So the force required to stretch or compress a spring is Some constant times its elongation So think about a spring for a second If you've already stretched a spring out, so we're already beyond its natural length Isn't it more difficult to stretch it even further? Right so the force it's going to take more force to stretch it even further Because it's already elongated so many inches or centimeters or meters beyond its natural length So the k is the same the reason it requires more force is because it's already stretched Beyond its natural length So the force required to stretch or compress a spring is Directly proportional to its elongation is how we'll analyze that in terms of a spring problem all right, let's look at one in terms of Newtons Is this example in your book if it's not there's one similar to it This is in your book and then we'll do one that's not in your book So this is actually on page 472 says a force of 40 newtons is Required to hold a spring That has been stretched from its natural length of 10 centimeters centimeters are not good If we put them together with newtons. We don't want newton centimeters. We want newton Meters, so we're going to have to convert that to meters Force of 40 newtons is required to hold a spring that has been stretched from its natural length of 10 centimeters To a length of 15 centimeters. Why do they give us that statement? Why do they tell us how much force is required to hold this spring in its stretched position? Five centimeters beyond its natural length So we can find the spring constant so that's in the first sense, okay So the force what is the force required in this first sentence 40? Newtons so we don't know okay, that's what we're searching for and A force of 40 newtons is required to hold a spring that has been stretched from its natural length of 10 centimeters To a length of 15 centimeters. So what's the elongation? Five centimeters, what are we going to call that? centimeter is a One one hundredth of a meter right with the prefix C E M T I So that'd be point oh five Right meters now the constants in this case has a funny unit But let's just keep track of the fact that when we're done. We're dealing with meters and newtons, so We're probably going to have jewels for an answer So K is equal to what? So this is what we're solving for 40 divided by point oh five 800 Is that right? So we have our K so the work That's what we want to do we want to analyze the work done I guess I should read the rest of the problem So we know what we're actually searching for how much work is done in stretching the spring From 15 centimeters to 18 centimeters So here's what the work is kind of generically Well f of x in this case is K times x and we know what that is There's K There's x So our little increments of distance Kind of we're stretching this spring little delta x's at a time From what starting position to what ending position so it's all related to the natural length of the spring So we're going to stretch it from a length of 15 centimeters. What's our starting position? Related to the natural length point zero five is that right so we're Starting point zero five meters beyond the natural length and we're ending how much beyond the natural length With your point zero eight That work so this is Units beyond the natural length if that if we're starting from natural length that's position zero kind of its equilibrium But we're not there. We're starting point oh five meters beyond the natural length ending at point oh eight Meters beyond the natural length the calculus problems are not going to be difficult. So we'll just kind of once we're there We've got 800. We're integrating x. So that's X squared over two Point oh five to point oh eight. Let me see if I have my arithmetic down here. I think I do If you analyze this at point oh eight Square divided by two multiplied by 800 same thing here and subtract them I Have written down one point five six and this should be Jules. Does that work? Because the force required to stretch or compress a spring is Is Directly proportional to the elongation. So here's our force in this problem on a spring problem That's what the force is going to look like So I'm spring constant times x this linear Relationship so the further you stretch it The more force is required and how much more for how much additional force is required. It's a linear relationship That spring constant times x All right, let's look at one That is not and I thought I had one written down. I don't so I'll just make one up So let's say a spring has a natural length of 13 inches And let's say that we have a Description let's say that That it takes a force of 20 pounds Actually, let's make this a little different. Okay, let's not kind of stretch it like we're doing the stretching So let's put a 20 pound weight Use your imagination. That's a spring. Okay, so there's the spring At its natural length. Okay This is 13 inches Again, use your imagination So we put a 20 pound weight At the end of that spring And it stretches the spring. I don't know four inches Four inches beyond its natural length So the fact that we put a 20 pound weight on here and it stretches the spring four inches beyond its natural length That gives us our equation from Hook's law Force required to stretch or compress the spring is directly proportional to the elongation. So the force is 20 pounds Okay, we're searching for and x is the elongation which was actually given in that format, right? We didn't have to figure it out. It stretched it four inches Do we want inches? I don't know if I want inches because then we're going to have a final answer of Inch pounds I don't know if I want that. So let's convert this. Okay So we've still got 20 pounds And four inches can be what? A third of a foot That way when we're done with the problem, we have a more convenient unit which would be foot pounds So what is k? In this problem 60 60 So regardless of what we do in this problem, we've got our spring constant We know the force is some k times x We know we're going to move this little delta x's at a time Let's say how much work is required to stretch it from its natural length to a length of 21 inches So what would we call natural length? Zero call it zero Zero feet. So that's its equilibrium. So we put this weight on the end. It stretches it. We figured out the spring constant Now we want to be able to stretch it. How much force is it going to take to stretch it? From its natural length to a length of 21 inches. Well, what are we going to call 21 inches? So it's 21 Twelfths right foot and what is that? Is it one and three quarters? Yeah three be seven fourths, right? Let's just call it seven fourths. So from zero feet to a position that is one and three quarters feet now it's All related to its natural length So there's our integral calculus problem. Yes, sir. We're going to stretch it to a length of 21 from the natural 13 Right the difference would only be oh, that's what I want. Okay. Sorry That's what I want I told you that I kind of lose my train of thought today. We just lost it. Let's regain it here Natural length. So that's going to be position Zero because that's 13 inches already. That's its equilibrium To a length of 21 inches How much beyond the natural length is that? That's what we need. Thank you So beyond the natural length that is Eight So what is eight inches in terms of feet? It is two-thirds So thank you for catching that. Hopefully we would have caught that before we left it, but 13 inches is where it already is. That's equilibrium position zero We want to go to 21 inches. How much beyond the natural length is that? Two-thirds of a foot Now we're good, right? So we would integrate 60 x squared over two Evaluate from zero to two-thirds. I just made up the problem. So I don't have the answer but Doesn't take a whole lot to get this answer put in two-thirds square it Right four ninths multiply it by 30. What is that? 13 and a third and the units Foot pounds. Okay. I think we can start this one. I don't know that we can finish it. All right. Here's our diagram See now. I don't know your names yet. No, I'm in trouble I just have to call the four people I know See that's trouble that you're back here again Here is a conical tank I don't think this example is in your book one similar to it is in your book This one is not in your book a right circular conical tank of altitude 20 feet and base radius five feet Has its vertex at ground level That kind of helps it hold water if the vertex at the ground because if it were the other way It probably would struggle holding water And its axis is vertical now probably we don't have a lot of Right circular cone tanks. Okay, but we can take this Procedure and I think it'll help us solve a lot of other problems that maybe aren't conical in nature If the tank is full of water And we'll also look at problems when it's not full when it's full to a certain point But the first example it's probably easiest to look at it when it's full of water Find the work done in pumping the water Out over the top of the tank So we've got this cone Base radius five feet. It's 20 feet tall. It's full of water And we want to analyze the work done in pumping the water out to the top of the tank Now this already has the slice of water pictured Why do we need to analyze different slices of water Different from some other slice of water Well, this particular slice that's here To take this slice to the top of the tank. Don't we have to take it this far, right? Whereas another slice of water Down here Even though there's less water in that particular slice Doesn't it have to travel further to get to the top of the tank? So we've got some variable Weights if you want to call them that because there's the weight of this slice is different from the weight of this slice Not only are the weights different the distances they have to travel are also different So we have to describe those in terms of the variables that we've been given in this problem All right, so we've got feet 20 feet tall in a base radius of five feet The tank is full of water find the work done in pumping the water over the top of the tank So, um, what about the since we've got Feet and feet What about the weight Or density if you want to call it that of water? Anybody remember what that is? I've actually seen two different units 62.4 Pounds per cubic foot and 62.5 Pounds per cubic foot. So let me see what they want us to use here Try to be consistent with this book and I'm not seeing it right away 62.5. Do you see it in this book? Yeah, what's 74 on the side? Left side Small script. Okay. There we go page 474. So we'll use their version 62.5 Pounds per cubic foot Now if we're careful with our units too, we can actually kind of See what the answer is going to be By talking about, you know, here's feet. Here's another so we have foot feet times feet that's square feet And then we have another incremental distance involved linear distance. It's feet again So we can actually keep track of the units So do you feel Confident that if we describe How much water Is in this slice Not just the volume of that water that's going to play a part but the weight of that water And then we figure out how far we have to move this amount of water Wouldn't that same thing work for this also? As long as we describe it Generically and then we'll add them all up here. We are back to that little incremental model again So we're going to add up all of the work Plurals works involved in moving each slice of water to the top of the tank So let's look at the one that was actually pictured for us How much water is there in that little slice? What is that little slice? If you had to describe that What is that? It's a cylinder right short little squatty cylinder. Well, what's the volume of a cylinder? So the slice is really a cylinder volume of a cylinder Pi r squared H we've already used that right earlier in chapter six Okay, I think we can do that Can you describe The radius? Actually, it probably would be better down here Because then we'd be going to the curve They've got it Marked out here either way We've got this thing looking pretty thick or pretty tall It's actually a whole lot thinner than that right if we do the process right So this distance and this distance We're talking about the same thing. This doesn't actually go all the way to the edge of the Cone but in reality there's no difference because it's so thin So what do you call the distance from the y-axis over to a point on the curve which in this case is a line? That's its x value right so the radius is x Can be described by x. Does that work down here also? Is the radius of that slice also described as x? Okay, so every slice that we have the radius could be described as x How about the height or thickness of each slice? A little delta y little incremental Y and you can see that right here. There's the delta y there's the x sub i so depending on where we are it's an x value for that particular slice So eventually in the integrand that's going to become a dy So let's finish because we're about out of time but let's finish with How much does that slice of water or any slice of water actually weigh Well, we know how much water is there pi r squared h that's the volume What do we do to the volume to get converted so that it's actually how much force it's going to take to move that slice Well, what are our units thus far? We said the radius was x The height x is in feet, right? So there's feet squared Delta y is also in feet So we've got feet squared times feet which is feet cubed What do we need to multiply by so that we know how much force it takes to move this slice? something that has Feet cubed we've got to get rid of cubic feet. We've generated feet squared times feet We've generated cubic feet. We got to get rid of that unit Right and we want it to be a force. So we want it to be what pounds How many pounds of force are we going to take is it going to take to move that slice of water? so feet cubed Reduces with feet cubed And we're left with pounds does that sound like a force to you sounds like a force to me So this is part of our integrand. I said we'd stop there So we will what else do we need in the integrand which we're not going to get until tomorrow We need distance right and the distance of each slice is different So we have to describe that in terms of what it takes to move each slice, but we'll pick up from this point tomorrow


So we've got a puddle here that came from upstairs. I think it's bio. What do you think? $20 says it's bio. What do you think? I don't think it's bio. What do you think it is? I think it's oil. Okay. So the chemical will tell us, are we ready? Yes. Oh, if we're right, she buys lunch. No. Oh, there's maggots in it. I know we're right. Look. Well, they're dropping from the ceiling. Yeah. No, you're not. Wait a minute. Yeah, we are. You're not. Look, this part. Where? Right there. But that's oil. No way. Yes, it is. Yes, it is. There's one right there, one right there, right there. And the rest of this is oil. Those are my friends. Don't talk about them like that. The results are we are both correct. No, maggots that are potentially coming from the ceiling. And this could be oil. It did indicate in some areas, but not the entire thing.


Good evening. I'm joined here by Commissioner Isco and our entire first responder team. I guess no one wants to come home and see lights and cameras on their blocks when you arrive home late at night or even early in this morning this morning. We are here in Midtown right now to update all New Yorkers on the steam leak that occurred early this morning. It happened around 6 a.m. This morning a steam pipe owned by Con Edison ruptured in right here in Midtown East and our first responders and emergency crews rushed to the scene and wrote with the partners at Con Ed to turn off the line. Commissioner Isco has been briefing me all day has been the team leader here for us and has been really coordinating the efforts that are on the ground and we just really want to thank the Office of Emergency Management, the Department of Environmental Protection, Commissioner Red Aguilar is here as well NYPD, FDNY, Con Edison, DSNY and MTA. They have been broken together in a coordinated effort to deal with this situation we had to deal with early this morning. The cause of the leak is still under investigation and as soon as we get updated we'll make sure we make a public announcement and we've also asked residents in the area to keep windows closed while we clean the streets and to minimize pedestrian traffic. We don't have any reported injuries thank God and we're going to continue to monitor the situation in the area hospitals. We have been conducting air quality testing with Con Edison to determine whether there is any bestos in the air. Initial testing did not show elevated levels of the bestos and out of an abundance of caution, Emergency Management team has been providing N95 masks to residents in the area want to thank the NYPD for also assisting in this operation. Again, I have abundance of cautions. We recommend New Yorkers living in the area wear masks and stay indoors while we complete the cleaning. I know many residents in this area are anxious. You know this anyone could be expected to be anxious seeing all this activity that's taking place. But the first responders in our team and our other agencies responded appropriately and accordingly in a timely manner to get this under control and New Yorkers can always stay on top of these issues by going to NYC at NYC dot gov slash notify or call it 311 or download in the mobile app. This way you stay on top of incidents such as this. I want to turn it over to Commissioner is going really thank him for his immediate response and coordinating this on the ground commission. Thank you, Mr Mayor. You know, one of the things every time I'm out in one of these scenes with the mayor, one of the things he mentions, it's just really every time is how lucky we are to have the men and women who work for this city. And they have been out here all day starting early in the morning responding to this incident, making sure that we're taking every precaution that we needed to keep people safe, courting off the area, escorting residents, business owners in and out, providing masks, doing all of that work. Con Ed, it's been great working with them today. We've got an amazing team leader out here with Hugh Grant, who's really been doing a great job with his team. So right now we're shifting into sort of the next phase of operations. First off today, we've really been trying to get a handle on the scope of the problem that involved as the mayor said, air quality monitoring. Every test that we have run so far, the preliminary results have been that it has been negative for asbestos in the air. The weather is certainly helping the light rain today, the rain that we're going to have overnight will also help. But we do have a pretty big area that we need to clean. It extends from 2nd Avenue in some areas as close to Park Avenue on 7, I'm sorry, 53rd, 52nd and 51st. And then a few few doors down on the east side of the streets. So it's a big area that we need to start cleaning up. We have started cleanup operations starting with 3rd Avenue. That's being led by ConEd and our contracting teams. We expect these operations to take at least a few days, possibly more, just because it is a big area. But as we go through, as we see what the results of the rain are tonight, we'll continue to assess how much more work there is to be done. With that said, are we taking questions? Okay, take a couple questions. Everybody right now can get back into their residents. PD is escorting people in who have business in the area who live in the area. So they should have no issue getting back to their homes. I've referred to FDMY. Sorry? Did you hear the question? Yes, I heard the question. I don't have that information right now at hand. But today we did respond in approximately four minutes. The FDMY performed life safety measured. We sheltered in place and we secured a perimeter right now. All FDMY operations are complete and we no longer have units on the scene, but we're continuing to work with all of our agency partners. Do you want to take that? Do you hear that? I'm sorry, could you please repeat your question? So initially we had a call in regards to a vapor condition on the location. While we responded and were on site, that condition worsened and ended up with a release of steam. It's not a rupture, it's a release of steam on one of the auxiliary pipes on the steam system. For the investigation will be done to understand root cause and we'll further investigate from that. But right now, that's what we have. We have crews onsite. We have resources onsite working 24-7 in regards to the cleanup activities. Safety is paramount. We have been partnering with the agencies, Commissioners Act and team and all the agencies have been great partners. We continue to partner with the agencies with safety being paramount with that 24-7 response with adequate resources so we can do this safely. We want to say special thanks to the members of the public and our customers for the patience and understanding and we'll continue to work through this safely. We're going to let the crews get back to work. Thank you so much. Thank you all so much. Hugh Grant. Hugh Grant. Hugh Grant, Vice President of Steam Operations.