Hey friends today, we are hanging out in Hollywood, California And I am so excited to be here. We're gonna go have brunch in the fanciest hotel in Beverly Hills We're gonna go walk down the Hollywood Walk of Fame and visit the Chinese Theater and Also go to Universal Studios Hollywood and ride the world famous studio tour So let's eat some food explore the city and have a beautiful Hollywood kind of day Any hoes Let's go do this. I Cannot wait to show you guys where we are staying We rented this little treehouse cabin in the Hollywood Hills and it's got this little privacy fence here So you can be tucked away and look at these views look at this I would have my morning coffee out here every single day if I could it's so beautiful And this is the treehouse cabin that I was talking about It's so amazing and look you can actually sit over here and have coffee too You know you're in a good spot when you have multiple places where you can sit and want to have your coffee and Give you a little tour of the cabin I've always wanted to stay in the Hollywood Hills and I feel like this is the perfect accommodation for us It's two bedrooms one bathroom. It's just me and my friend Sean and I love it here I feel like I'm only gonna ever want to stay here again if I ever come back to Hollywood We got in late last night. So the cabin isn't in pristine condition But I'm gonna show you around a little bit and it is just so beautiful in here There's Sean out there. We have a little kitchen a living room But like my favorite thing is definitely the deck on the outside. Let me show you the deck here It wraps all the way around the cabin. Look at the views Look at this. I don't know who Teddy is though. I kind of wish it said Gracie, but wow Like we are out there We are up in the Hollywood Hills and we're just looking over some like million dollar mansions I love it here so much like it's beautiful. It is so gorgeous And like I said the deck wraps all the way around the cabin. I love it here I love it here so much Speaking of coffee, I feel like we need to get some so after I show you the cabin I think we're gonna drive over to Beverly Hills grab some coffee and who knows maybe some brunch brunch in Beverly Hills Doesn't that sound amazing? What I feel like makes this cabin really cozy is the architect the walls the ceilings are all at a different little angle They're not just straight traditional cabin normal looking homes But on Airbnb, this is called the writer's cabin So I can only imagine what kind of books TV shows movies You never know. Yeah anything could have been written here and I love the furniture some more of the art and I'll show you guys around. I'll show you the rooms Sean was staying in this room right here And it's really cool because you can actually access the deck from every single room And remember when I said I woke up this morning and I didn't know how beautiful it was until like this morning Well, here's some more of the artwork. This is where I'm staying and when I woke up I was like wow, where am I? This is where I am and I woke up this morning and I looked over and I was like wow This is beautiful. This was the view. I Was like wow, this is honestly. I was so stunned. I woke up.  It's kind of funny because whenever we come to California Sean one time said hey, we should go out rent a Jeep and drive up and down the coast But ever since then now we actually rent Jeeps and drive around Hollywood Hills. I kind of like that Yeah, let's go. We're gonna drive up and down the coast. No, we're going to yeah Oh, we might go to Santa Barbara. Who knows that be? Oh, that'd be kind of fancy. All right I Have always wanted to stay at the Beverly Hills Hotel ever since I saw it in the movie saving mr. Banks It's the movie with Tom Hanks where he plays Walt Disney and he puts the Creator of Mary Poppins. She stayed here and they filmed At this hotel and I was like, wow that that hotel is so beautiful. I want to stay there So luckily we have a friend that is staying here and we're coming by for a little little brunch Little coffee and kind of just enjoying and seeing what the hotels like We made our way to the Beverly Hills Hotel and this place is fancy like super fancy from the 1950s to the 1970s is when the Beverly Hills Hotel started becoming an icon and Celebrity royalty chose the Beverly Hills Hotel as their playground some movies that were filmed here were like let's make love with Marilyn Monroe and then the Eagles best-selling album hotel, California The Beverly Hills Hotel was featured on the cover and it's just so iconic just seeing like literally being here and hearing about it They have like nice little shops down below where you can get suits and a spa and I think we're gonna head out to the pool and Grab a little grab a little coffee or a little brunch The weather is so nice out right now and it's kind of funny that we're going for a brunch by a pool And we're wearing like coats and sweatshirts. Well, that's because we're from Florida and right now I feel like it's fallout and it's finally nice to be able to wear coats and hoodies Without like sweating to death and I love it. I'm here for it. I love the weather in California There's a little coffee shop down by the pool and I kind of love just being on the outside. Look at this It's so nice Honestly, I'm loving all of Hollywood. I Decided to look and see how much it would cost to spend the night at the Beverly Hills Hotel And it's just about $1,200 per night for their basic rate, but the service has been so like exceptional like as soon as we walked in I just feel so elegant and everybody's greeting you and you really do feel so fancy the Cabana cafe is on the right of the pool and I'm just kind of like looking over where we're at right now and it's unbelievable Wow, it's so gorgeous here We ended up getting some pancakes some fresh fruit and an omelet and the fresh fruit is actually picked at the farmers market across the street And I think that's so awesome I wouldn't mind actually walking over there, but all the food looks good the pancakes the powdered sugar. Look at that I'm excited excited Delicious The second I bit into those pancakes I knew there was something different about them and I can't figure it out But they taste amazing and they might be the best pancakes I've ever had. I I don't know why it was the syrup No, no, I mean, I think just so good. I Never thought I would have the best pancakes of my life in Beverly Hills But I think that's just what happened. Look at this and I pour a little syrup on before each bite They are so good Alright, it's enough of the Beverly Hills Hotel. That place is so beautiful and our little brunch was awesome Like I loved it. Like I said, I can't believe I had the best pancakes of my life at the Beverly Hills Hotel But now we're gonna keep moving along and we're gonna make our way over to Universal Studios Hollywood. I'm so excited I know Sean. This is Sean's very first time coming here So it's gonna be kind of cool to show them a little bit of movie history And we have made our way to Universal Studios Hollywood. Look at that Wow, it's so awesome to be here and this is my first time coming since Super Nintendo World opened up And I'm excited to ride the new ride I'm not doing a whole Universal Studios Hollywood video because today It's more or less just like Hollywood in general. So I'm not gonna be showing much of the park I've showed it before in previous videos The only thing new for me would have been Super Nintendo World, but I don't even know if we're gonna go explore it The only thing I'm really excited for big time and I'm gonna show is probably the studio the world-famous studio tour But yeah, we're gonna head on in and just kind of have fun and hang out at Hollywood Universal Hollywood The best way to start out the day is on the world-famous studio tour and I love this I would come here just for this attraction alone and be happy It's it's literally the best and also I get to see Jaws in action and it looks like the wait time is 40 minutes So hopefully I'm not gonna regret wanting to buy that Express Pass The tram tour is just about an hour long and you're allowed to bring drinks on with you So I got a large mango cart a monster two bottles of water and a cinnamon pretzel And I think I'm good to go. I just don't know how I'm gonna carry it all over there. You know, I scoop it like this Oh, that works Then maybe I can hold the cinnamon pretzel in my hand right here and it'll be just fine. Let's see I'm coming in Thank you. Have a great one Excellent To our Universal Studios tour. Thank you for joining us. We made it Oh boy guys It's Have a lot of guts going in there Yeah Gonna hide next to these red barrels Oh, looks like he's taking the whole pier not just the bait We are at the set of the world's one of the most Bring it to Childstar We got to make our way down to the lower lot now and isn't it insane look at their super Nintendo world And then Jurassic world. I'm hoping to do but the views here are just so beautiful I love it so much. And that's the upper lot We had actually had to come down one escalator already and it's just so cool to design here and the views are just spectacular It's time to enter into a super Nintendo world for the very first time. Oh, I'm so excited look at this This is too cool I decided to come in this is beautiful that they are they're just so incredible and so well done the theming is Amazing. It's really cool seeing all the different interactions like things happening all around shells mushrooms Honestly, I feel very immersed at the moment. I don't think I would be They have one attraction. It's Mario Kart Bowser's challenge right now. It's at a hundred and forty minute wait hundred and forty minute wait Unfortunately, we got here too late in the day and the Toads cafe was closed and also the The Mario Kart ride was like a hundred and forty minute wait So we're not gonna have enough time to ride that but at least we got to go in and see the land a little bit Since we can't do the new ride in Super Nintendo world Jurassic World is right next door, but it has a similar weight But at least this one has a single rider line that's open The Jurassic World ride here is so much better than the one over in Orlando And I can't wait to just see the animatronics like that's what I love about Disney But the wait time here. It's also really high 110 minutes the last time I came here everything was a walk on But I'm just now realizing hey, it's Labor Day weekend. Well, maybe it's gonna be busy inside the theme park Looks like we'll go in front row Oh Universal Studios Hollywood just has Triceratops walking around in the lower lot here. It's kind of cool. Oh boy He's hungry This man is crazy look at him He always makes me feel bad for taking the escalator and then he goes and he's taking the stairs Don't do it Sean you've already done a lot of steps today I Have never met anyone that took the stairs at Universal Studios Hollywood before but this man is doing it Going all the way up especially walking up like I could see going down, but who hurt you. What are you trying to prove? Oh, he's just trying to feel something Wow He did it all the way. Oh boy. Can you say hi to my mom? My mom loves Frankenstein over Frankenstein's monster Thank you. Yes. Oh, thank you. Oh, you're so awesome. Oh, thank you. Oh, can I give you a hug? Oh Thank you so much I Think it's enough of Universal Studios Hollywood for now And I want to make my way to go see a closer look at the Hollywood sign itself And also want to go explore a Hollywood boulevard a little bit Maybe go see the Chinese theater and a couple of other Cool spots that I always wanted to show in a video And we have made it all the way up to the top of the Hollywood reservoir and look at that a great shot of the Hollywood sign Wow, that is so cool. Look at it's so beautiful out here We're right at the top. We're on a dam and I don't know what is On the other side of this actually it's probably all trees Look at that That's too cool Oh Hollywood It's gonna be hard to top that view from the top of the dam I really loved actually seeing the Hollywood sign from somewhere. I didn't even know that was possible But now I want to head back down and I want to go explore Hollywood boulevard a little bit check out all the Names and the stars of some of the celebrities and also go to the snow white cafe That's a place I went to when I came last time and I wasn't making a video and I always said if I came back I wanted to show it and Maybe maybe the Chinese theater. They're all there's a lot of good stuff to actually go down and explore at It is cool though looking at all the different stars and seeing if any of them, you know who they are Obviously I can see Dean Martin right here, which I think is kind of cool And then as you walk, you'll see more Alan Hale a bunch of different ones And right outside of Starbucks, we've got Walt Disney. Look at that And also in little merchandise or gift shop World's greatest grandma parking only Elvis fans But look at that. I'm so happy. I found Walt Disney stone though Hollywood boulevard is really not a nice place to actually come hang out anymore I like it because of its you know historical significance and It's really gone downhill and honestly sometimes it could be scary and very dangerous So if you're thinking of coming here like it's kind of like a theme park or a very touristy area There's a lot of crazy things that could happen. So be careful and be safe The Snow White Cafe is really interesting because as you go inside You'll see some real looking like Snow White murals that look identical to the movie And that's because the story goes That the owner of this cafe was friends with Walt Disney and Walt Disney asked if He could have his Movie premiere after-party at his location and they agreed and Walt sent over one of the animators that was working on Snow White To decorate and make some murals so that they could make it, you know Deemed for the after-party and they decided to just keep the murals and Keep all the stuff actually the way that it is and I think that's so cool. Look at that Snow White there and you can see it. Oh wow all the way up at the top there the seven dwarves right here This place is really really cool There wasn't really anything I wanted to eat in the Snow White cafe I just wanted to show you but there is some spots. I am looking at like maybe mel's And I want to just walk around walk walk around and show a little bit more off and kind of enjoyed It's really cool to be down here They have the original Al Capitan theater with the Disney Studios store over there And then on this side of the street the Chinese theater right up here So I'm gonna kind of go up there and see if I can show you might as well show you some more of the stars to Julie Andrews Oh, we knew and oh, I love Wayne new and oh and I love slash Every night in my dreams, I see you I Feel you Sorry Celine Dion I know Monzo And would you look at that we made it to the Chinese theater? Wow, it's a really something else being here and getting to look at it. It is so cool though I remember you know seeing all I mean everyone coming to movie premieres and stuff here and also Hollywood Studios and Walk to Disney World and it's cool to see the original one, you know and also all of the hand prints and the Celebrities names Look, you got tons of them right here Harrison Ford. Oh Look at that June 3rd, 1992 Who else do we got here? Clint Eastwood, that's cool Dick Van Dyke. I see Dick Van Dyke right here. I wish we could go right on in It's almost like we're about to go on Mickey and Minnie's runaway railway. Man. I would love to go in here. I Didn't even like if they sold tickets. I think I would come I wonder if I could get a ticket to like a special premiere. I don't know when the next one is Oh, it looks like they're doing I max here I've always wanted to eat at the original Mel's Drive-In Celebrity bar and cocktails. Look at that validated parking for Mel's Drive-In and here it is I'm so excited. Look at actually this is a really beautiful shot like holy moly. Yeah, I like this a lot This really is like a good one-shot representation of a Hollywood Boulevard. I feel I Think I'm gonna sit at the bar. Look at this Oh, I'm scooping down one. This is where I want to be Yeah, open kitchen This is really cool. I can't wait to see what they have on the menu So like being in a diner, I feel like I need to get some diner classics I noticed turkey dinner on the menu. I feel like that's a go-to like an open-face turkey dinner I got a cherry coke and then they also have a nice cup of chicken noodle soup So chicken noodle soup turkey dinner and a cherry coke and that's I feel like that's pretty good diner ish Now they're also known for their milkshake, so I think I'm gonna get a milkshake on top of that I mean, I feel like you haven't you got to go all in and I think I'm going just a classic They have an espresso milkshake. Holy moly. I might have to go espresso milkshake. I didn't know that I was gonna say I think I'm gonna go just classic vanilla, but they also have a Lana Del Rey shake Oh, wow, there's so many different actually. I thought it was just gonna be plain and simple I feel like now I got to go all in and get something special Look at this. They're playing grease right now and I got my chicken noodle soup My cherry coax got the cherry in there and I bet you they make it with the syrup. I'm so excited I love diner food. Oh Look at them noodles.  I ended up getting the penguin one and look at that It looks so good, but check out the turkey din din Wow, I can see the steam coming off the gravy It looks so good the mixed veggies the dinner roll the mashed potatoes This is gonna be some good food right here. I am so excited. I Gotta try this milkshake here. And plus I have the extra on the side there in true diner fashion That is a good shake right there, holy moly It definitely will bring the boys to the yard. I can tell you that and Now I'm diving into the turkey dinner and I'm sure this isn't gonna disappoint either In fact, everything has been exceptional. I love being in here. It is so awesome Like this is like true diner fashion here and working at Denny's my whole life. Like this is kind of like a big deal It's definitely better than the meld inside universal studios Orlando And now I'm gonna dive into this turkey here grab a little bit of air grab some of the gravy There we go Just like I thought So good man You can't go wrong with a hot open turkey face sandwich, you know Well, I don't know if you consider it a hot open-faced turkey sandwich unless they have the bread underneath there Now it's just a turkey dinner, but I had a little fill up. Maybe I should have asked Hey, can you slip me a slice of white bread underneath the stuffing? But everybody knows you gotta get the combination bite mashed potatoes stuffing gravy all in one bite and that's how you do it It's also definitely diner-sized portions $22 for all of this food and it is a lot a lot of food. I mean, I don't think I'm gonna be able to finish all of it There's no way Mel's drive-in was amazing just like I thought it would be like a diner food. It's not the cleanest It's not the friendliest, you know what I mean, and yeah, this day has been amazing The whole day's been amazing like I really have been having a wonderful Hollywood like kind of day, you know And now we're gonna head back to the house and maybe watch the sunset a little bit over the Hollywood Hills We made it back to our cabin and I wanted to show you the view outside now But looks like we might have missed the sunset took us a while to get back at least it's It's a little dark out But you can see a little bit happening Very pretty Just like I said it was gonna be it's nice You can actually see the lights from the Hollywood sign see you're right there very cool And with that I think we are calling it a night here. I had a beautiful day hanging out in Hollywood I hope you guys enjoyed the video. I definitely feel like I should come back and do some more stuff I wanted to go to like Walt Disney Studios and stuff like that But because it's Labor Day weekend, they're not, you know open at the moment But yeah, I hope you enjoyed the video. I enjoyed making it and we'll see you next time Bye


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What's wrong with Shabbon? Chappy was his knee again that did not feel right. So same spot as he's felt before. So just got him out of there. And so we'll get all the testing and stuff done tomorrow just to see what exactly. But usually, it's not really an issue for us. But for him to call us out there, obviously we needed to get him out of there. Did he describe the pain as being different or much greater than it had been in the past? No, he said it was very similar, like basically the exact same spot as what he's felt before. I haven't got with him enough to know level of pain he was feeling this time around compared to other times. But it was enough for him to call us out there. And so we needed to get him out of there. When you say testing, what will he have done tomorrow? Probably have an MRI and just be examined by doctors and stuff like that. And we'll see where we're at with it. He's a big part of that back end. Where is your level of concern? And what type of blow would that be if he can't throw for a couple of days?  And we haven't really seen it affect him.  Was Robertson available tonight? No, Robertson was down. He was a little tender just after playing catch today. Shoulder-wise, don't think it's a big deal. So we were staying away from him today. So that's why he didn't get in the game tonight. Was today the first day that he complained of any pain in his shoulder? Yeah. Yeah, today was the first day. And I'm not overly concerned about it. Robbie's not overly concerned about it. But it was a day where he needed the day. With all that being said, do you feel grateful to just get out of here with the win, with some of the losses that you've taken? Absolutely. Look, it's, as I've said a lot in the last couple weeks, it's not easy for us right now. We're going through a tough stretch. And obviously, we've had some guys go down. But that's also an opportunity for guys to step up. And we've seen that. We saw it again tonight. Greeny up against it there, gets out of it. Cole up against it, works his way out of it. Tommy coming in in a tough spot and just filling up the strike zone. So really proud of the guys that have needed to step up, coming in and playing a role in us winning games. And so that was a hard one tonight. But we grinded one out. So it's OK. Where'd he get it? Hicks. Hicks. We'll check on him. I think he's OK. He's a hand? I think it was more arm. So I think he's OK.  Does this change that dynamic a little bit? Because it's the second. This is the second. It's certainly, yeah. It's certainly I'm concerned about it just because really virtually every other time he's been able to work through it. So for him to call attention to it, yeah, that has me concerned. And kind of hope for the best tomorrow. And hopefully we can get him on the road to recovery. I don't want to get too ahead and speculate too much. Let's wait and see what goes on tomorrow. Aaron, did you think something was up right away with Chapman because his fastball really wasn't what it normally is? No, no. Because at times this year, we've seen him limp around out there more, certainly more than he did tonight. And the velocity's been there. And I think the one thing we've seen with Chapman, even when he's been effective, is that fastball velocity has varied a lot this year. And I think that's more a result of mechanics sometimes. I'm sure the knee has played a role in that. No question about it. But I wasn't initially alarmed by that. I was just, if he can lock in the strike zone there, usually that can kind of come and go velocity-wise. Does he feel it? Do you guys know if he was feeling anything in the bullpen? I don't. I don't. Aaron Cash said that the shift goes being shifted to the bullpen. How long has that been in the works? So today was his turn to start. But they were starting to transition them to the bullpen so that hopefully he can get a couple outings under his belt down there and then play a part with us in our pen down the stretch. We think, obviously, there's some great value that he could bring in our bullpen for the end towards the end of his season and our season.


Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in dentistry and more today's topic is enamel so enamel as you all know it is a Hardest biological tissue So this session is about the beginning part of enamel. So we'll be covering the enamel under few sessions So let's see the details of enamel and its structures Enamel it is an epithelially derived protective covering of variable thickness over the entire surface of crown. Okay, it is above the crown So hope you remember the stages of tooth development the cap stage but stage and It starts from but stage then cap stage and then Bell stage, so hope you remember all the stages because the enamel or genesis the ameloblast and its Conversion to enamel it's all Interconnected, so hope you remember all those concepts well and clear So let's start enamel it is a epithelial covering which is maybe in variable thickness over the entire surface of Crown and it is as I told it is the hardest biological tissue and It attains maximum thickness around two to two point five millimeter on the cusp of molars and primolars so at cuspal regions of molars and primolars it has a maximum thickness and Minimum thickness that is Near the neck of the tooth. So this part neck of the tooth it has a Thinness with that is like a knife. So knife edge around the neck of the tooth and maximum Cuspal thickness is seen at the cusp of molars and primolars So let's see some of the physical properties the thickness I mentioned 2.5 mm thickness Around the cusp of molars and primolars and 2 mm at the incisal edge and knife edge thickness at cervical region So thick at maxillary lingual surface of molars and mandibular buckle surfaces So colors it depends on thickness and translucent of enamel It changes from grayish white to yellowish white So yellowish at thin areas with underlying enamel and grayish at thick opaque enamel Hardness it is 296 noob hardness number So as I mentioned it is a hardest biological tissue and peripheral regions are more harder and Solubility it dissolves in acidic media. That is why KDs is happening because when sucrose is acting Sucrose is converted to lactic acid by the presence of bacteria There will be solubility of enamel it leads to cavitation, which is known as dental caries Regarding the permeability the enamel is selectively permeable The root of passage occurs via road sheath enamel lamella enamel tufts, which are rich in organic content. Those things we will be dealing in detail Specific gravity is around 2.8 and Translucency it is semi-translucent Regarding the chemical properties that is it has the highest inorganic content in dental tissues coming regarding Cementum and dentin it has highest inorganic content that is 96 percentage Organic content is 4 percentage in the inorganic content It has basically the hydroxyapatite that is calcium phosphate and Ion such as strontium magnesium lead fluoride and the Organic portion basically the proteins such as amylogenic amylogenic and non amylogenic 90 percentage of the total protein belong to amylogenic which is low molecular weight Which is rich in proline histidine amino acids also glutamine and leucine But as non amylogenic which is around only just 10 percentage which has high molecular weight proteins are amyloblastin Teflin enamel in proteins and they have amylo acid such as Glycine serine aspartic acid So we have various structures to learn in enamel these are very important because it is a short on questions Sometimes this will be asked as long essay So we have various structures in an animal such as roads road sheath in deprismatic substance The striations are important direction of enamel roads are important Hunder sugar bands incremental lines of red CS Surface structures of enamel enamel cuticle enamel lamella enamel tufts dentino enamel junction Hunderblast process and enamel spindles So these all can be asked as shock notes. So all are very very important So there might be a Question like hypo calcified structures So all are not hypo calcified structures Some are hypo calcified structures because they are not properly mineralized Okay, so if not properly mineralized that become hypo and if it is over mineralized that becomes hyper So hypo means it is not up to the normality Hyper means it is above the normality. Whatever it is hypo please here Hyper please here we know so it depends on the normal up to the normality. So normally it is Reaching it is fine. If it is not reaching its maturation its function its work Then we call it as hypo and the remaining part will Give the idea of that sentence hypo calcified. So the calcification is not proper It is less than normal. So among these the hypo calcified structures are road treat incremental line of red CS Enamel lamella enamel tufts enamel cracks enamel spindle and neonatal lines So these might be asked as a separate question. What are the hypo calcified structures of enamel? So that time you need to write all these structures not the entire structures So we'll start one by one first. We have enamel roads, which is cylindrical in shape It starts from D easier to the towards the outer enamel surface So this blue line the second blue line inside is a dentino enamel junction. Okay, so the pink the brown Lines are enamel and the pink lines are dentin So this is a dentino enamel junction. So it starts from dentino enamel junction towards the outer surface So the number is 5 million in left lateral incisor Lower lateral incisor it is around 5 million and upper first smaller It is around 12 million in number that is enamel roads and its course is torches So it is torches starting from DJ to outer surface. It is not going in a straight line It is having a torches course. So it starts from DJ to outer surface of enamel and length Regarding the length it is greater than the thickness of enamel because since it is a torches course So it is not going straight line. Okay So if it is going straight line The length might be lesser since it is going torches. So this is the thickness of enamel Since it is in a torches way if we straighten this line, it will be more than this Total thickness. Okay. So that is why I'm saying the thickness is greater than Sorry, the length is greater than the thickness of enamel. So this is a thickness between two lines This is thickness. So since it is the torches way if we straighten up this torches enamel This will be definitely greater than the thickness of enamel So the length is greater than thickness And diameter is 4 micrometer. It increases from the DJ to outer enamel surface by a ratio of 1 is to 2 So at DJ it is 1 and outer enamel it is 2. That is diameter Usually it is 4 micrometer at DJ it is 1 means at outer surface. It will be 8. Okay So at DJ if it is 2 outer surface, it will be 4 So it appears as very clear crystalline nature In light microscopy we have these roads shape as Hexagonal. Okay, so this is the basic picture of an enamel. It will be hexagonal or fish scale appearance So in light microscopy these roads that is enamel roads appear as Hexagonal shape. So this is hexagonal. That means hexam in six So six sides one two three four five six so basically this enamel roads are hexagonal in shape because it looks like a Asymmetrical with asymmetrical structures with six sides. Okay, so that is why it is Hexagonal in shape whereas in cross section. Okay, when we do cross section So cross section it looks like fish scale appearance Okay, fish scale appearance in cross section and in light microscopy it is Hexagonal in shape then arcade outline pattern near DJ and Keyhole outline at enamel surface. So in our surface, it looks like a keyhole appearance. Okay So all these are very very important keyhole appearance fish scale appearance Hexagonal in shape arcade outline pattern. So arcade outline pattern near Tentino enamel junction. Okay, so why it is important because of inter woven network of roads teeth can resist Masticatory forces up to 20 to 30 pounds per tooth. That is why it is clinically Significant because of its inter woven network of roads. So fish scale appearance. It is not really Plainly arranged. There is inter woven arrangement. So it can resist up to 20 to 30 pounds of force per tooth So, don't forget fish scale appearance keyhole appearance Hexagonal appearance and arcade outline near Tentino enamel junction. Okay So this ultra structural or electromicroscopic view gives the keyhole also known as paddle paddle shaped prisms which has 9 micrometer in length and 5 micrometer in breadth So we are talking about enamel rods. Okay, so the first structure in enamel enamel rods So bodies of these roads always seen near the occlusion or incisal surface So occlusion or incisal surface the enamel rod bodies will be seen and the tails. Okay, so the tails will be at the Surveillance area. So if this is particularly a tooth Okay, so at this area occlusion surface there will be body of Enamel rod and the cervical area there will be tail of enamel rod So that is about enamel rod now we have hydroxyl apatite crystals So they are arranged parallel to the long axis of rod which has point 05 to 1 micrometer with 90 micrometer which has pyramidal shape and hydroxy apatite crystals are Placed within this hexagonal shape so that is about Enamel rods and hydroxy apatite crystals. Now, let's see about road sheath So the next structure is road sheath, which is a thin peripheral layer which is more darker than the enamel roads and which is less calcified more organic content So because of this reason it is more Acid resistant than the enamel roads because it has less calcification Or more organic content than the roads The decalcification or acid is acting on the minerals. So there will be demineralization So less calcification means less demineralization more calcification more demineralization Since it has less mineral content than the roads The acid resistance will be more because there will be less calcification And it is basically incomplete structure it looks like incomplete structure in electron microscopic examination The next thing how we have inter prismatic substance So inter prismatic substance is the substance which is present between the enamel prisms So they are the cementing enamel rods together structures which cement enamel rods together Which is more calcified than the road sheath Okay, so this is more calcified than the road sheath but less calcified than the roads And it appears to be minimum in human teeth So that is about inter prismatic substance Next we have striations Striations enamel rods is built up of segments of uniform length about four micrometer Okay, and these are separated by dark lines that gives it a striated appearance So there will be a striated appearance due to the dark lines and they are more visible By the action of mild acids The appearance is because of the formation of enamel matrix in a rhythmic manner So always the deposition of minerals or enamel formation or the matrix formation in a rhythmic manner So it will be layer by layer it will be added So there will be presence of striations between these layers And they are more pronounced in hypo calcified areas Okay And what are the directions of these roads? So the directions of roads are different in different region So the next thing is direction of roads So these roads are oriented at right angles to the dental surface So the inner Blue line is the dental surface So always it starts at right angle to the dental surface Into cervical and and central portion of the crown of deciduous teeth They are approximately horizontal So at the cervical portion and central portion it is almost horizontal direction Whereas at the In size LH and tip of the cusp they change gradually to an increasingly oblique direction So you can see the change of this roads to a oblique ankle Until they are almost vertical in the region Of edge or tip of the cusp so almost vertical Okay, almost vertical at In size LH or cusp tip So it is horizontal at cervical and middle portion of deciduous teeth So in permanent teeth the arrangement of roads is similar to deciduous teeth in occlusal 2 3rd so occlusal 2 3rd it will be almost same in the cervical region. What happens is It deviates from horizontal to more apical direction So it's cervical portion. It is more apically inclined in the permanent teeth. Okay So The alternative clockwise and counterclockwise Deviation of roads from radial direction can be observed at all level. So there will be Clockwise and counterclockwise because it has both right and left side So clockwise and counterclockwise deviations will be there So in deciduous teeth as I mentioned the roads are horizontal in cervical and central Part of the crown near the incisal edge or this cusp tip They gradually increase in oblique direction and almost vertical at incisal Tip or cusp region incisal tip or cusp Tip region and permanent teeth what happens is At the cervical portion the occlusal 2 3rd is almost same But in cervical region it deviates from horizontal to more apical Direction, okay So that is about the direction of roads. Now we have null enamel. It is also a Change in directional pattern because null enamel is a very important shock not so null enamel is the near the dentine In the region of cusp or incisal edge what happens is this is incisal tip, okay incisal tip or cusp tip So what happens is the bundles of roads seem to intertwine more irregular And especially in a section which is cut obliquely. So this optical appearance of enamel is called as null enamel So you can see this is almost horizontal the pattern is more rhythmic and Regular fashion but at incisal edge or cusp tip this Roads what happens to the roads these bundles of roads which seem to Interwind interwind more so intervining of roads will be there at incisal edge or cusp tip So this particular intervining of bundles of road That is known as null enamel and this is a optical appearance at the incisal Tip or cusp edges So in addition the enamel roads they converge in outward course in pits and fissure occlusal surface of mollusks and primolus, okay So in occlusal surface of mollusks and primolus what happens to these enamel roads? They converge in outward course, okay when it is going outward they converge Next we have enamel spindle. So enamel spindle is end of odendoblastic processes Which is penetrating the enamel and passing the dentino enamel junction, okay So odendoblastic processes which penetrates odendoblastic processes from the dentino side Which penetrates enamel and dj, okay, which is known as enamel spindle Okay, that is enamel spindle, okay, so This all comes under directions of roads, null enamel and enamel spindle Now we have very important structure which is known as Honder-Schrieger bands, which is a very common question So that's about the beginning part of enamel that is we have covered The basic properties of enamel then the structures like roads, road-treat, Interprismatic substances and the variation in striations and variations in directions of roads So now we'll move to the next part of enamel where we'll be dealing with The very important Honder-Schrieger bands, incremental lines of Red-CS And various surface structures such as perichymata, prismless structure, enamel cups, enamel broaches that comes under enamel rodents, neonatal line, enamel cuticle that is Nasmids Membrane, then enamel spindle So all this will be dealt in next session as it is going very lengthier video So we are stopping this session here till directions of roads So we'll be coming with these topics that is incremental lines of Red-CS, Honder-Schrieger bands and various surface structures in my next video. Thank you


je to početniko vsega vsega predikšnja, je to početniko vsega ekonomijne malosti, v 2008. S tem, da je vsega vsega, vsega vsega vsega, na kočanju, vsega vsega, na kočanju. To je tako početniko, da ne boš, ali početnimo do L.A. v 1998. And Boris told me a short story. I'm sure many of you know so I'll be very quick about it. The story is how Rochal became so rich, and he was a young man in Paris, and he used to go to the south of Paris, to the poor people's market, and buy one apple for one cent, and it was dirty and not very appealing, so he cleaned it and polished it, Išlo v nordnju delu Pares, kako malo vših boši, in so bi se za 2 sveti. And then he drove back to the south part of Paris and bought two apples. Do the same thing, so we did it for two weeks, and his father died and left him a billion dollars. So that's the story. And I think it sums up everything we know about capitalism now. And I don't know about you, this I found on the Internet. To je tukaj fotograf in imač nekaj Nathan Rothschildov. Vsih je tukaj nekaj... Tako, tako početno, da imam tukaj kolaboratori, da mi je pomočil na tukaj tukaj tukaj. izmeni mnega grupa. In da... Tako, tudi, vi svoj sem v tom vrste pravnozakovljeni izvrstavnozakovljeni, in do vsev svoj temo tako, da bo inzitri inzitri, ne zelo prezijen. V tem sej križen, in Jelen Goldmann, kod svoj izvrstav, svoj izvrstav ni nezimnozakovljeni in ne zelo vse začen, vzlušaj na vsega izgleda.  Vsega je bilo vsega tako zelo način. Vsega je, kaj je, nekaj je, kaj je izgleda Netko še superglibne stavy, s takimi rečenimi stavami, da je večga danes naprejfaom magnetica. Po enim dežen' sinstavu je bila však ješnja neko je nožilja, nič nožilja, da vse očvarje bolj jezva, je začala, da inzulatorji ne neč neč neč nekaj nebo tega magnetica. Inzala, da vse zelo postido vse tak je neč nekaj nezaprejfa magnetica. v semom mače. Teoretično, ki jih so naredil v 90-jih, je, da je vzvečnja izgleda je nekajけれgo superkondaktivitij. Vzvečnja superkondaktivitja je pravda režimna, in vsečenje na razrednji stup. Na kaj je površene teoretike vseč, da počutno vsečenje, je bilo vsečenje, na kaj je bilo zdaj, da je to vseč način. Kaj pa vsi vsečenje, kajne in vsečenje, vsečenje, vsičenje, načinjati, da je krupiče vsečenje, Tudi, ki se nespešnimo, ki se veče skupnili, nespešnimo, ki se nešto veče skupnili, je ta način, da zelo vsečimo všeške, kako sem potrebnimo vsečino vsečino vsečino način. Tudi, ki se nešto veče skupnili, je to način, da nešto veče, nespešnimo, ki se nešto veče, in v superkondakcij stah, kaj je taj sempli, bo resistenja je zelo zelo zelo. Oselječenje je tudi ljudi oselječenje, in prejudicitje korresponde v požavljenju kubej. Zato, kako jaz vse insulati, tudi je tudi ljudi kubej, tudi je tudi ljudi eksperiment, in jaz sempli vse zelo zelo. Kako jaz vse insulati sempli, hen »Red« š frame, you can see that even though the resistosion is much higher you still have, this is on a log scale you still have oscillation at the same frequency as your do in the superconducting. If the frequency of oscillation represents, or corresponds to a charge of 2e in the Returnnu conductor, it is also true in our insulator. Yea, you can see it here. It's a photograph of ourünems rifle. It's just a small section, it's just an array. Rather this order, an array of holes. naredite, kar je, da si se je nekočen, kaj je superkonduktor in očen in vsega insulatora, je lahko se več nekočen del, da je zelo, ki objevno, očen in insulator, sve sem zelo, da je transporter na izgledanje sprem i nekočen. Tudi je to in očen od toga izgleda, da so, da smo v svetu početiti, vzelo na čednjih vzelo. Zato zelo, da se vsega insulatora vsega insulatora, kako jestovate iz nekaj bolj čovpivcičnih sk awakened. Kako očelijo vse meseče, da se pravimo naživamo všega transprvokrizati data. Pizera je začudovat, če je jezini. Zato vznešte mi. In je več vzljubil na prejzistu, da je zelo ta del, ki se odrečila, na tega začinil na odljubil, na jazda, da je dobro vzljubil na pojah. Se pri pukajte na vzljubil strah, da je to tako vzljubil. To je vzljubil zelo. Očal, kaj mi to dobro vzljubil. Kaj je ozljubil vzljubil na dobro vzljubil na dobro vzljubil. Zelo je dobro vzljubil na dobro vzljubil. vsega izgleda in insolatora, in v superkondaktorji, ki jih se plovila na log-logškej skale, vse ga se zelo, da je data izgleda. If you put a ruler to your data, it follows it quite nicely over all the temperature range and over several orders of magnitude in resistance and in magnetic field. This is another type of ruler. We have this straight line behavior. If you're talking about superkondaktors, this is not surprising. We have a power law dependence. The only thing that changes between temperatures is the slope of those power laws. And so you can concisely describe the transport data by this formula here, where the temperature dependence come only in the power. This can be explained by some vortex physics, if you like. It's all in the 260, 5 pages review. The nice thing is that this power law continues beyond the crossing point into the insulating state, some ways. And so again, showing a relationship between the transport in the superconductor and in the insulator. But what we find is that if you go to lower temperature, and this is what I would like to focus on today, what happens when you go to lower temperature, say below 0.2 degrees, that the deviation begins to develop, but those deviations are only on the insulating side. You can see it quite clearly here. The superconductor side follows the power law quite nicely all the way down to our noise, and the deviation begins to develop in the insulator. Let me show you this again. So on the right bottom side you can see the temperature scale, 0.2 to 0.9, and I will add more and more lower temperature, frame by frame, so you can follow. This is the same. Now I switch to two terminal measurements so the superconducting side kind of disappears. But just so that you can easily measure in the insulator, and now we begin to lower the temperature. And you can see that not much is happening in the superconducting side, although as I said we haven't been showing you this here, but you can see that the resistance traces, this is 33 mili degrees, this is 13 mili degrees, the resistance traces just become sharper and sharper, as we go to lower and lower temperature. If you want you can still try to fit a power law there, and the power is 1,009 for this particular. So let's see, 1,009. So two is from phase space consideration. Three you get from electron phonon population, and so that leaves 1,004 to go. So obviously this seems almost discontinued, but we didn't pay attention to that in the beginning. This was 2005, 2004 when we were starting to work on this. We really didn't pay attention to this low temperature, data that much. What we did do is we measured the current voltage characteristics in our sample, that's what you want to do if you have a sample where you measure in transport, one of the things you want to do. And so you take one of those insulating states, this is a particular sample, and you fix your magnetic field value and you measure the current voltage characteristics, this is the current versus voltage, and so you have insulating like strongly nonlinear behavior, but nothing radical, not different from any insulator you usually see. If you plot it on a log scale, this is not the derivative, but it's basically not very different. You can see that at 150 mili degrees, that depends on the sample, I guess, the data is still continuous, but once you go to 50 mili degrees, suddenly the data becomes discontinuous. This is not a change of the conductivity as a function of voltage, it's a given voltage threshold. This is newer data, but the same thing you see, you have hysteresis, this is on log scale, so you increase, initially you follow the black ohmic line, and then the small deviation, and suddenly a big jump into a different conductive branch at much higher current. These jumps can exceed the five orders of magnitude. This seems interesting to us, so we published this paper, and then it was also seen in titanium nitride. We called it collective insulating state, I don't even know why, it didn't, you know, something was needed, but then this was taken even further, I guess, and Vinokur and Baturina explained this with some sort of super insulating state that is mirroring the superconducting states in some way which I don't really understand. You can read it. Around the same time when we were making our measurements, three theorists, A, B, B and A, B, C, were working on something else altogether. Where is it, Dennis? And they published this very interesting paper, which I read very carefully. This is page 32. They realized rather quickly that it's not going to be very approachable to experimentally, so they wrote this paper for the experiment, and there are also pictures, so you could try to read that even though we didn't. So what they say in this paper is that if you look for experiment and manifestation of many body localization, you want to see that even in presence of weak coupling phonons, meaning that not totally zero, transition will manifest itself in nonlinear conductance to bistable IV curve. And they also pointed out in that paper that this similar stuff has been observed in etiomsilanine, which have nothing to do with superconductivity. And a year later we sort of got together, and they wrote this paper ensuring to our work in which they looked at those discontinuities in the IV in a different view from what we were used to, and that is involving the heat balance equation. What is the heat balance equation? You assume that you have no equilibrium, you have a steady state, you apply external heat, this external heat goes to the electrons, the electrons transfer the heat to the phonons, and they transfer the heat to the substrate. That's basically what happens in our experiment. You put a lot of power into the electronic system, the power is dissipated to the phonons, and then to the substrate, which is connected to our fridge. You can write this mathematically with this heat balance equation, and there are several assumptions in the theoretical paper. Two of them I will mention here, because I think they are nice. The first one is that the IV is linear, which is kind of odd if you look at the data. And the parallel linearity comes from the fact that the electron can have a different temperature, a higher temperature than the phonon, quite significantly so. The second point is that r as a function of t is a fast function, and that if you put those two ingredients into the heat balance equation and you solve it numerically, you can get a regime at low enough phonon temperature, where there are two stable solutions for the electron temperature, for the same phonon temperature. And you write this equation a bit... This is an implicit equation relating the electron temperature and the phonon temperature, and you can solve it, and you get a nice graph like that, and you can see bounded inside the black curve is the regime where you cannot... is the excluded regime for temperature of the electrons. And from that assumption you can generate data, which one is ours, that one is ours, this is from the theory that mimics the experimental result quite well down to some even fine details. So they published... we beat them with one page for the publication. To make a better comparison you can try to... under the assumption of the... under those assumptions that we talked about, you can try to determine the electron temperature from your measured IV. So here's an example of how you do it. IV at a given phonon temperature. Oh, something is missing. Ok, so you take a point there and INV at a high temperature branch. It's missing from this graph. I don't know what. And you transfer it to your resistance to the function of temperature or inverse temperature which you measure in the ohmic regime. Ok, so now this is your thermometer. It's the measurement of the electronic system in the ohmic regime. And so you take a V over I and the value over there you transfer it here. It comes 2 times 10 to the 7. You find this value on this graph and then you can determine the electron temperature at the high voltage measurement by comparing the V and I V divided by I value to those that you measure in the ohmic regime. So using the ohmic regime as a thermometer and this is the data that is converted to electron temperature and in our experiment you can actually see quite clearly this excluded region and I'm going fast here I know but there's a lot to say but you can see the theoretical excluded region and in our experiment really the electron temperature don't, you cannot find temperatures in this region similar to what has been predicted. So we've been looking at it for some years and maybe it would be it has been, it is obvious but the physical picture is rather simple. So since we have this very strong nonlinear very strong temperature dependent of the resistance and the electron and phonons are weakly coupled you can have a situation where the electron is at elevated temperature above the phonons and it so turns out that if you solve this heat balance equation there's a bistable region the temperature can abruptly change so to me that means that the entire electron system have their own temperature because the electrons are interacting with each other they can sustain their own temperature separate from the phonon temperature in a non-equilibrium situation maintained by the voltage but the power that experimentalist is applied so does heat flow into the electrons and it's quite strong because the electron can be at 300 mD when the crystal is at 10 and the heat flows from the electron to the phonons but I can still define a temperature for the electrons and a separate temperature for the phonons so this is basically again the same data we're just removing some d-axis here and let me show you if you turn it over move it to the side it looks very much like the graph on the left even the same colors the graph on the left is a solution, is a mathematical solution to the van der Waals equation for the liquid gas mixture don't need to remind you that including the Maxwell construction here is pressure versus density for a liquid gas mixture and again you can see the striking similarity between the two system one is measured very far from equilibrium in a system which is quantum near t equals zero and another one is a liquid gas transition for which van der Waals won a Nobel prize 100 years ago so what does it mean? it means that we may be able to define an order parameter I'll go quickly because we haven't done the experiment properly so far you can measure a critical exponent if you want because you have a critical point second order like critical point movie this is the critical point I forgot with methane I think or some mixture of liquid and gas and what nice about that if you are at the critical point and you do an experiment slowly you take two fluids gas and a liquid they are intermixed above Tc and you lower the temperature both of them are transparent but near the critical point they become opaque this is called the critical opalence now you can see miniscuse forming and the reason they become opaque of course is that because we have intermixture of the different densities over all length scale that's what it means to be near a second order phase transition so if you take this point of view and you believe the similarity between the appearance of the graphs or RIVs and the van der Waals solution is not accidental you have to take into account that something similar is happening in our system meaning that you no longer can think about the electron as being at one temperature there has to be a mixture of many different temperatures perhaps in the sample which if you want to think in terms of currents rather than temperatures you can do that too because the current path in a sample when you undergone this continuous jump which is like lightning basically if you want to think about it it cannot be uniformly affected throughout all the electrons there are going to be some weak links that are going to be hotter quicker than other places where the higher resistance is so we must have we must be able to accommodate somehow I think a way to incorporate this into the alright so the last bit I have some time left Omicransport and this is again after several years of thinking and again coming from the collaboration with the theoretical group we began to put a lot of effort into extending our ability to measure resistances into high value at low temperature so we can follow and this is an example of 10 to 12 ohms and even higher in some cases this is not continuous measurement these are measurements that you fix the temperature in the magnetic field and you scan your IV and you extrapolate your IV as best as you can to V equals 0 to obtain the value of the resistance and again you see this sharp rise near BC near the critical point this is some sort of semi-observation of the arena group where the resistance is also increasing rather rapidly but let me show you our data this is the summary of the data that we have plotted on an Arrhenius plot and you can see that the dash line is a straight line but almost none of the curves are straight so we have two types of behavior so let's see what's what so this is activation behavior it's a straight line on this graph if you go to lower fields near the critical point in superconductive integrated transition you get something that is much faster than activation but if you go to 12 Tesla which is our highest field in this experiment you get something that is slower than activation so let's start with that let's start with the high field 12 Tesla in this regime where the insulating peak is already becoming weaker we see something that looks like Efros Szlowski hopping over several orders of magnitude now you go to the other extreme and again this is going faster than exponential this is the low field if you plot conductivity you see that it's sort of indecided it goes rather weakly with temperature until you get to 0.1 degrees and then the resistance drops very sharply approaching some temperature you try to fit it to an exponential it's not working what does work is some sort of an exponential with the shifted temperature scale T star you can see here now this is please note the number of orders of magnitude of this and you can see comparison between the 12 Tesla data of conductance and the 0.75 Tesla data and you can see how sharp it is this is all below 0.3 degrees so when you get to 0.1 there is four orders of magnitude separate them but by 0.4 they are equal 0.04 so this is a parameter ok so the question is whether this apparent disappearance of the conductance is indication of the many body localization this is a graph from their paper and again we are not sure and this is a comparing superconductivity transition in one of our cleaner samples with a TC of a little bit more than two to this transition of conductance so this is resistance and that is conductance and you can judge for yourself this is published yesterday after two years of so thank you for your attention


every 1000 here 1220 put it together I'll fast-forward you through that but I'll film it I've had this out a couple times on video did a video by myself once and I ain't monkeying I did a live stream one time racing each other so let me get you pointed down here I'll tell you a little story I've been trying to get to doing this for over an hour now I'll tell you why let me get you pointed down here this is from I forget what year 80s 80s or 70s I can't remember why for look it up put it on the screen here this belongs to her dad they don't know where he got it how he got it or anything like that so but we have it now piece of plastic off of something I think the last time I believe I just had it set up an oval but this time I think we're gonna go with a fig crate I don't think I'm gonna set up the guard rails there's the power these are cars I should really find some boxes to put these cars in or make some but so yeah I was like I was making up some tea and I had to help monkey with something and while I was doing that my tea boiled over all over the stove so I got that cleaned up and I said man it's hot in here I got to turn here on I went to turn here on no power over there well okay so I thought well you know probably a circuit breaker you know they're old I think they're their original ones the house 1994 or whatever because it popped the other day but you know she had the coffee pot on the toaster air conditioner and microwave I was like well that's just that was just too much okay no problem so tonight I was like man some popping the breakers I couldn't remember which breaker it was I went back to one of my videos where I was working on that and okay so it was the one I thought it was popping a breaker or nothing so I thought it was that little transfer switch I put in nope wasn't that so I took it all apart you know checking it it all had power and everything I'm like what is going on so I got my test through you know checking power and powers going up and you know where it has to go to that wire and I'm like what is going on so I messed around and messed around finally I went over and sure enough you know it's a GFI there's there's two plugs over there and they both like the one on the left hand side that for the microwave because it's by a sink you have to have ground fault so it runs off the first one so first one pops second one's not gonna work either so I went over and pushed that button everything came on what an idiot rookie move and I'm messing around messing around all I do is go push that button geez one thing after another anyway so yeah it's not a very big set but this is a fun set so we're gonna we're gonna do a figure eight here so I'll go ahead and fast forward you if I can remember how to set you know what just in case where things were going tonight I think I'm gonna set it up like that then the long one goes above the short one went like this this okay so I don't know why it just seems like sometimes I'm not getting a fool so it's gonna go for nuts and years all over the place no matter what you do so that's what it's going to do and these are things alright I will speed you up right now wait a minute also before even started our ceiling fan with the light it's all D it's a remote control and it'll turn the light on and off and it also dims with the remote and the battery is going dead and it takes one in a little tiny looks like a triple way or double way only it's like half the size of course I don't have any of those either okay now we'll speed you up there we go I'm gonna turn this because I got a plug right here you'd have thought there would have been a couple more of those things in there but all right let's move this here's our there's our power cord here we got our controllers so yeah as many of you're too since I've had this out and played with it vintage I still like to just like my cameras I like to get stuff out and use them hopefully those tires last time I used it the tires were still perfect on the cars but they can dry out especially sitting in a garage it's been you know bring up some closer okay that should be good let's get one of the cars out unlike with any any of these there's always one car seems faster than the other there's the white vet this way oh plug it in another rookie mistake I'm doing that a lot lately I think I'm getting old I don't know enough speed up as they go as they get warmed up I love the smell of these things it just something special about it brings back memories now let's get the other car oh I don't know if her dad's ever got it out you used it or played with it or anything the tires feel okay they're still really good shape you can you still buy tires for these things my guess is he got this after he got his that I can't remember which one faster feels like red and red and white and they go get get some oil oil these up let that red catch up there we go one of these every year for Christmas I wish I still had them had one got the Christmas that had a long truck it would actually you could back it into the garage and the police station and stuff had one that would jump for amps had several train sets had the dukes and dukes of hazard one of these we had the ones that would pass each other big set it was pretty cool I had this one it was called rocket tubes it worked on vacuum had a big motor was very loud but it was really neat then I had a the super train I think it was a couple cars it was yellow it would jump a ramp it would go up the wall and it did all kinds of neat stuff okay starting to get faster now this looks like you get smaller and you know I don't think they really need a world but once you start another party now it takes some juice away from it yeah I want to slow down a little bit red ones definitely faster things we do to make a video actually I'd be doing this whether I was filming or not you know that red one has that red one gonna lap that blue one we also had one that each time it came around I think I mentioned it before it would count the lap because the little prong that sticks down into that slot it would turn a calendar knows the blue one's laughing the red one I can't remember which one's which in my hand okay that's the red one right is red blue is black up in Canada monkey's dad I think it was their basement like a wreck room had a big huge setup of these things it's huge he used to get together and play with him and when he's friends thought maybe yeah you know both on here's one way you can tell put them both on one and see which one oh I'm on the wrong okay that's how you tell what's on faster looks like the red moon is faster just put the red one out front yep you can definitely tell the red moon faster so let's run the blue one for a little bit I might put a little oil on it love that smell try to find YouTube videos where you know to see the ones I used to have and they're hard to find and the guys that do have me pretty much just show you it they don't show you it running they say look what I bought you know that a flea marketer for a store or whatever and there's a couple guys that will but they don't have the ones I used to have and they can still be bought but they're very expensive if I ever come into a lot of money I'll buy a bunch of these sets that I used to have love to do that just get them out once a year and set them up okay let's see if that helped any no red one pushing the blue one okay let me get some oil oil the blue one up okay so this one I'm gonna use now I used to use this guys if you have these things don't be afraid to use this stuff they set hard on the gears especially the older stuff no it's not if your gears break it's not because you used this kind of oil on I used three in one household oil on my trains on my on my slot cars never had an issue ever not once so it just takes a little tiny just a tiny drawl and that's it that always had this stuff around you know we lived in a hundred year old house I was kept around for you know door hinges and stuff that would squeak but I seen him use it on my stuff and he said you know anytime you need to hold up just use a little drop use that stuff and that's what I always done but let's go ahead I mean might as well right put a little tiny just a just a drop is all it takes and sometimes your contacts these contacts here if they get black spots on them real bad this these ones aren't too bad they've been used but they're not too bad just take a pencil eraser and put on it appeared by the commutator not on it now let's run these for a minute we'll run a blue one first which one let's run a blue one that's already better and you'll get a little bit of oil on your track that's all right it will wipe off let's up let's put the blue one on the other track there right for a minute one week guys turkey day monkey especially monkey when they call me news and homey bread okay now let's put the red one on the same track let's see if I helped any I think it did red ones still catching up to the blue one though but it's kind of a pair of race now before remember the red one would push the blue one now there's that kind of separated a little bit well the red one's getting oil work in yeah so it's faster for sure let's put them back on this other track we'll put the red one out front and that red one's real fast on this lane for some reason of course it could be broken more too a lot of times you can tell by underneath yeah the red one caught up the blue one on this side pretty much let's do the other side we'll put the bread one out front there we go bring the blue one back around that's still faster especially since I oiled it I oiled it one that one too now seem faster than it was just a little catch up to the blue one yeah it's getting closer to it maybe the blue one might be speeding up now kind of holding it so now let me get more in turn out now the red one is catching up there yeah okay so I'm gonna spend some time I'm gonna run this this blue one a few times I'll speed you up for that then after I run it a while I just wipe off the excess you'll get some on the track you can just wipe it off okay so I'm gonna go ahead and run this blue one around I'll speed you up though that red one takes off easier too okay here we go trying to get you in the frame better okay yeah you can tell a difference here that one it's wide open now listen to the red one thank you still buy motors for these pretty sure off again that one's a lot a lot snappier like that it's a C4 too because we have a C4 all right we're running right a little bit longer it is faster than it was taking off better a lot smoother that's taking off slow you still see it but the red ones a lot smoother on the takeoff see how smooth that is takeoff slow see that one yeah red ones a lot faster I don't know why but every set I've ever had there was always one faster than the other faster than the other one trying to do it oh no we crashed let's do the red one whoa that one's actually peeling out you can hear that one's starting to alright let's run these a couple more laps here yeah I've read one of them they let it catch up then we'll run them a few laps together well first let's run it on this track this lane the blue one over there red one here okay so right is red left is blue now I guess right is blue not gonna really race and we'll just run them that's a red one catch up the ones about half throttle blue is about three fourths throttle to keep it out in front of the red one I'll slow it down a little bit see if I can't get inside the side there was a person to do that when you're on the inside lane outside lane has further to travel every time that blue one catches up it doesn't flow on the red one down so I think it is getting a little faster but it's still not as fast as the red one didn't burn out there my full blast it will fly off the track turn left the blue one catch up I'm gonna say she bear the myth man legend gone for now thanks for watching guys thanks for hanging out with me while I play with my racetrack here so these racetrack sets and we'll see you guys in the next one again thanks for watching appreciate it and I'll leave you with a couple laps here we'll see you in the next one bye bye guys and take care forgot to show you guys it's got the original this is sand paper to clean the track the metal on the track and the contacts on the bottom cars it's never been open I'm not gonna open it okay so before we go if you remember the red one was faster why ran that blue one about 10 more minutes maybe 15 let's see the difference now now the blue one is faster than the red one you can see it's pulling away the bus running really well but that blue one faster than the red one now remember the red one catch up to the blue one now the blue one catching up to the red one is a few laps later the blue ones on the red one I made it faster pretty cool here that one of red ones get the slower one of the two but no it's not it's still peeling out see if the blue one will do that now yeah not as strong but so let's put the red one back in front of no let's put the red one behind the blue one and before the red one would just push a blue one around the track and it's already it's already pulling away I will let it catch up and then we'll call it the end I just wanted to share that with you that yeah I got faster now it's faster than the red one because it's catching it now and before it was the other way around it's almost on him now can he catch him might be slowing down again now he's seeing them on him I think love that smell God brings back memories of 10 12 years old well cute 8 to 15 I think there it is maybe younger than that I think was like 12 or 13 they started getting us motorcycles and stuff yeah it caught him all right there you guys go thanks for watching guys I appreciate it she better the myth manipulation golf now this time for real we'll see you guys in the next one bye bye and take care well my left one anyway we'll see you


Patriot Prime Reviews is a channel for adult collectors and may not be suitable for children under 13 years of age. Viewer discretion is advised. Hey, what's going on guys? Patriot Prime here once again with another Transformers review. But before I get started, I need you guys to do me a favor. If you're watching this video right here and are not a subscriber of Patriot Prime Reviews, please hit that subscribe button right now. It won't cost you a thing, but will help me and my channel out tremendously. Also, make sure and visit my sponsor toyhacks.com. Toyhacks provides reproduction and upgrade decal sets for Transformer toys from Generation 1 to the latest modern figures. Make sure and stop by the Toyhacks Armory where they can equip your figures with new weaponry in multiple colors. And Toy Stages provides backdrops for figure displays and photography. Each purchase with Toyhacks earns you RoboSense that can be used for future purchases. You can check your balance anytime in your cart. Toyhacks is a company run by collectors for collectors. So check out toyhacks.com and make your collection stand out from the rest. And tell them Patriot Prime sent you. Now, on to the review. The featured box in this video is the brand new Transformers Earthrise Battle Chargers Runamuck and Runabout. Now, Runamuck here is your basic retail box. You can find him at Walmart, Target, or any other brick-and-mortar store that sells Transformers and most online retailers. Where Runabout here is a Target Exclusive. And I always thought that Target Exclusives had something on there that said Target Exclusive. And big shout out to Target.com. I pre-ordered this guy back in October. And he arrived safe and sound yesterday on my porch in a box opposed to an envelope that Amazon usually ships these guys in. So who are Target? Now, take a quick look at the packaging. You've got both Runamuck and Runabout in Robot Mode right there in that clear window box. Transformers Earthrise. Side of the box here. You've basically got the same style artwork in the same pose. But of course, the bot modes are different and they look really, really good. Back of the box you've got Robot Modes and Vehicle Modes. This side of the box is of course the Earthrise artwork. So now, without further ado, let's get this devilish Decepticon duo out of the packaging and check him out. And welcome to Patriot Prime Reviews. Now once you get Runamuck and Runabout all opened up out of their packaging, you'll see each one does come with a sheet of instructions. And just like all the modern instructions we've been getting, these are very well illustrated and very easy to follow. Now let's take a look at the figures themselves. Both Runamuck and Runabout share the exact same mold. The only difference, as you can see, is the color scheme and they have different head sculpts. Also, Runamuck only comes with one weapon while Runabout comes with two. So now let's take a closer look at Runamuck. Runamuck is a great looking bot. He's all white and coloring with very minimal paint applications. He's got a big purple Decepticon logo right there in the center of his chest. And kind of light purple eyes. I love the head sculpt. It's very reminiscent to his Generation 1 toy. He had gray eyes and like I said, he's got kind of a purple violet look to his eyes. He also has translucent windows right here on the chest and some paint applications down here on the feet. And that's really about it as far as coloring is concerned. Lots of great molded details all over. I really like the looks of this guy. And speaking of molded details, what is the deal with that demon face on his belt? That's right. I see it and now you do too. Now moving on to articulation. The head is on a ball joint and it can do a complete 360 and look up and down slightly. Arms complete 360 as well. Man, mine's a little tight. So yeah, they can go all the way around, though they might hit on that backpack. There's also a elbow bend, elbow rotation, no wrist wiggle. There is a waist rotation, legs up and down, in and out. There is a knee bend, but you have to watch because the knees tab in right here. So a lot of times when you're doing the knee bend, you actually pop that tab loose instead of the knee bend like so. And there's also ankle tilts. So a really cool looking figure with lots of articulation. And he looks so good. I mean, he's a great update to that original Generation 1 toy. Now he also comes with this black blaster. And one thing I noticed right off is this blaster is more of a homage to the runabout G1 weapon opposed to the runamuck G1 weapon. They pull that up there one more time for you to look at. You've got runamuck's weapon. I can't get this right. And G1 runabout. So they got that off slightly, but still it's not bad looking at all. And you can put it up here on his shoulder if you want to give him that Generation 1 look. Or of course he can hold it in his hand. So now you've got runamuck all armed and ready for battle. Now let's take a look at runabout. Now I really like the looks of runabout. I've always been a fan of black and red transformers and this guy just takes the cake. I mean, check out these paint applications. That looks awesome. The head sculpt is absolutely fantastic. Very reminiscent of his Generation 1 toys. Got a little notch there at the chin. And it looks so much like his Generation 1 cartoon counterpart. I love it. It looks great. Big purple Decepticon logo right there on the chest. His windows are now a translucent red. And just like runamuck, lots of great molded details. Very little paint applications. But what he does have rocks. You've got the red striping there along the legs and the feet. Now he has the exact same articulation as runamuck. So I'm not going to go over that again. But let's take a look at his weaponry. First off, he gets the exact same weapon that runamuck has. Just painted red with a black tip. And he also gets this other weapon. And once again, he gets a weapon that is more reminiscent to G1 runamucks. Than his. But he gets the two. So he also has this one right here. So I guess he gets a pass. Now, just like runamuck, you can put these up here on his shoulders. Like so. Or he can hold it in his fist. Also, another cool feature is these weapons can combine to give him a rifle. If I can get that out of his fist. He's got the two ports on the back. So you can just plug either one in. I like to put the one with the scope on the back. Peg him in like so. And now he's got a rifle that he can actually wield with both hands. Get him all posed here. And there we go. That looks awesome. And now we've got runabout. All armed and ready for battle. Now let's get these guys transformed into vehicle mode. Runamuck and runabout have exactly the same transformation. So I am only going to transform one figure. The first thing you're going to do is remove the weapon and then fold the hands up into the arms like so. The next thing we're going to do is down here at the legs. We're going to unpeg that knee joint or that knee peg I was telling you about earlier. And you're going to fold the leg down toward the feet. You'll do that on both sides. Unpeg and fold down. So that'll bring the legs up closer to the crotch. Now what you're going to do is take this section right here. You've got these faux wheels. Bring these up. And then you're going to snap these up into place. And then take the whole front of the vehicle and just squeeze together.  And then just flop the head back and close that up. Now you're going to take this section here, the back part. Pull this out and up. Also, first thing I want to do is bring these wheels out. And these are kind of hard to get a hold of. Get your thumbnail in and flip those out. Bring this out and over. It's on a double hinge and it is really tight. The first time I did this, I was so worried about breaking this figure. And like I said, it's just, it's tight. It's fighting me right now. I am doing wrong. There we go. So once that comes loose, just work with it. Don't force it. It will come loose. So once that comes loose, you're going to take the body, do a 180 just like that. Fold the arms up and rotate the forearms around. So the vehicle panels are on the outside. Push those in. And now you're just going to take this section of the vehicle here. Pull this up and over. Like I said, it is very tight. Bring that over. Fold it down. And then the whole idea is to just get everything tabbed in together, which can be a pain because there's a lot of tabs that you got to line up just right. And there you have Runamuck in vehicle mode. Now unfortunately, where he is a white vehicle, you can really see all the gaps and separations. And like I said, there's a lot of tabs you really have to fight with. There's tabs there at the door. There's tabs that connect the roof to the main body. And getting those in, as you saw, can be a pain. And there's still tabs that won't, do not want to tab in right. You push one in, another one pops off. Now in the case of Runabout, he's black. So they blend in a lot better. So taking a closer look at Runamuck's vehicle mode. It's really, really sharp looking. I love the color details. And there's those tabs again. There's a lot of work to this vehicle to get that tab together. I'm telling you that right now. Pain applications. He's got the gold stripe there along the bottom, right here across the hood, purple Decepticon logo, and painted taillights. I see some toy hacks opportunities right there for the license plate. There is a very unique design underneath the translucent windows. I kind of dig that. I like that. I like that a lot. And there he is popping apart again. My biggest complaint with this figure, he won't stay tabbed in. And mine's got some kind of paint smudge right there. I might try some Gugon, see if I can get that off. So there is Runamuck. Runabout tabs in so much better. This guy is nice and smooth and where he's black, it really doesn't show where all those gaps are. I love the red translucent windows. That same design looks really, really cool with that. I just wish those pins weren't right there in the middle of the window. Same paint applications there on the back. You got the taillights and red striping all the way around and a big purple Decepticon logo up top. Now there are ports on the roof. So if you choose, you can attach the weaponry like so. And now for a quick Generation 1 comparison, here is the Earthrise battle chargers with their Generation 1 counterparts. Now keep in mind, my G1 battle chargers have been enhanced thanks to Toyhacks decals. Now, it's really cool that both of these guys got separate head sculpts, but I really wish that Hasbro would have modified their front ends because both of these guys, even though they transform exactly the same way, are different looking vehicles with different looking fronts. Yes, I made this one look like kit. So I wish they'd done that, but other than that, that is a great homage to those original Generation 1 toys. So there you go guys, one final look at the Earthrise battle chargers in vehicle mode. And now for some quick size comparisons, here is Transformers Earthrise Runamuck and Runabout with Generation 1 Megatron, Generation 1 Runamuck and Runabout. And one thing I forgot to show off was on the back heel of both of these guys, they have that faux wheel to kind of give them yet another Generation 1 throwback. So I think that's really, really cool. And with Generation selects exhaust. Transformers War for Cybertron Earthrise Runamuck and Runabout are two fantastic figures. I have been wanting modern updates for the battle chargers for years, and I really didn't want to pay those outlandish prices for the Botcon exclusive. So I am so happy to finally have these guys in my collection. I just wish that Runabout wasn't an exclusive. I've got mine, but I know he's going to be really hard to get for some other collectors who didn't get a chance to pre-order one. And this is one set where you definitely want to get both. So there you go guys, Transformers War for Cybertron Earthrise battle chargers, Runamuck and Runabout. So, do the Transformers Earthrise battle chargers Runamuck and Runabout belong in your collection? Absolutely, these are fantastic figures and great amazes to those original Generation 1 toys. These guys have great looking robot modes, great looking vehicle modes, and my only real complaint, I wish Runamuck tabbed together better in vehicle mode. Other than that, I love these guys. Great paint applications. I mean, I couldn't be happier. So yeah, if you see these guys on the shelves, pick them up. You're not going to be disappointed. And therein lies the problem.  Yes, I have him in my collection. I'm happy to have him in my collection, but it upsets me that other collectors may not have the opportunity to grab this guy because of him being an exclusive.  Why do they always make the exclusives a figure you need to complete a trio or a duo? Why can't it be a more obscure character that only really us old school G1ers know about?  And I hope that you guys can find this guy and track him down because they need to be a pair. Now guys, if you enjoyed the video, don't forget to like, don't forget to subscribe, and don't forget to click that bell icon to get notified when I upload new reviews. Once again, this is Patriot Prime, signing out. Ho-wah!