I'd like to welcome Dr Jens Kump from the CSIRO, who's going to be taking us through both DOIs, Digital Object Identifiers, and IGSM as for Geological Sample Numbers. A few words to introduce myself. So my background is in geology. I did undergrad at the University of Cape Town in South Africa in geology and oceanography and then carried on to do marine geology back in Germany. And Raymond did a loop through IT industry and then joined the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam in 2001, which well I stayed until beginning of this year and in March 2014 joined CSIRO as the OCE, which means Office of the Chief Executive, Science Leader, Earth Science Informatics. And my previous work was to support something which could be called the digital value or data value chain to understand how researchers work in geosciences and develop projects with them and then integrate the data that come in from heterogeneous sources, help people adopt new technologies and just to keep an eye of which of these new technologies can be used in the geosciences. So the main topic of today will be the DOIs and the IGSNs and I start with a more well-known topic of the digital object identifiers for data publication and citation and my focus will be on how this was intended to make data part of the record of science. That will be the guiding principle for the discussions from my perspective. So when the internet was still young, this was one of the errors that popped up very early on and has been around with us ever since and in terms of the record of science and having science on the web this meant that things were broken and that one of the terms was called link rot. So this problem of link rot was recognized very early on and this gave rise to the development of the handle system which was introduced in 1995 and based on the handle system the publishing houses introduced the digital object identifier. It was proposed in 1997 and went into production in 1998 and this was also the first time when somebody suggested that maybe these new digital object identifiers could also be useful for identifying data. So that started the project in Germany with the first DOI for data then being minted in 2004 so we're the 10 year anniversary now in the context of a project funded by the German Research Foundation but if you want to run this as a sustained business as a sustained service you have to find a business model that expands the use of these digital object identifiers to an international scale and international scale also meant that the original service provider, the German National Library for Science and Technology was a bit of a problem in that the French and the Swiss and other national libraries were uncomfortable with using a German national library as their service provider. So something else had to be found and that was data site. Data site was founded in 2009 as an organization to govern the system of digital object identifiers for data. So it has 31 members today. Last I looked there were 3.6 million data sets registered of which 1.2 million were in the last 12 months so there's been a huge upsurge in use but if you compare this to 1.8 million articles published in various fields of science in 2012 then the number of data sets that have been registered is actually pretty small and some of those data sets when you look at them you can if you google data site statistics you can see the fine-grained statistics and you will see that many of these data sets are very fine-grained. So even though 1.2 million 12 months sounds impressive it doesn't really reflect the output of papers published so it's still lagging behind but it's catching up fast. So the original idea was we have data in traditionally published in papers and on the left hand side that's a typical journal page. You have some tabulated data but the really interesting part is this illustration in the right hand column which some people call a buckshot scattergram with dots and disks and it nicely serves the purpose of illustrating the main idea of this paper of in this case calculated chlorophyll versus measured chlorophyll in Lake Baikal in Siberia but that's about where it stops. You cannot use this any further it just illustrates the thought. Fortunately in this case if you take the DOI at the bottom of the page it does resolve to something we put the data from this paper onto the scientific drilling database which is a database for data from scientific drilling projects and this repository then gives you a description of the data it gives you a way to cite the data at points to related materials like the the paper where this data are interpreted. You can download the data and you can also download metadata in various formats like ISO <IP_ADDRESS> for georeference data, NASA directory data interchange format which is goes back a bit further in time the data site metadata and for this particular system that underlies the scientific drilling database also the eSciDoc metadata but the point with metadata is that there are many ways to describe things and this particular system can cater to any description that you see fit or necessary to describe your dataset. So DOI for data the resolution question is solved so there's a way to go from a digital object identifier to the universal resource locator and this resolving service is provided by the handle service fine so we can find things that we can name but what do we name so that's the question of granularity what is the smallest identifiable object that we actually want to identify what exactly is identified by particular DOI how do we go about versions if we update things if we do corrections if we have IRATA and in anything that's in the environment particularly time series are very important how do we deal with continuing time series for instance from environmental monitoring those questions arose very early on in the in the precursor project to the DOI for data already and I think the principles haven't really changed some use cases have become a bit more refined but the underlying questions are still granularity identity versioning time series and this goes back very far the earliest source that I found was the year 75 Krutai describing the ship of these or its paradox in the ship of these paradox these always comes to port once a year with the ship and changes a plank or two and that's the same thing the next year and so on and in year n n number of planks of the ship have been changed so is these eyes ship still the original ship even though many of its components have changed and things become even further complicated when you collect the planks and build a second ship constructed out of these eyes ships old planks which of the ships is the original this is a question that's quite vexing and a solution has only what I have been many discussions started but the one of the solution that I found is actually not that old asking the question so can anything well these are questions can anything be identical with another object or are we looking for an equivalent identical object which in the case of digital object identifies is a good question of what are we actually looking for what is represented by the identifier and there's an aside to the these eyes paradox the ship of these are paradox formally this can be approached by introducing the concept of perdurantism and the perdurantists say that an individual has distinct temporal parts throughout its existence so the ship of these eyes at any year as its distinct temporal existence and over time it's identical with itself this is the antipode to the endurantism where the view is that an individual is wholly present at every moment of its existence and I think with many of the things we're dealing with the endurantist view produces some problems the perdurantist view is more pragmatic but that's something I will leave to the philosophers and I want to go through some of the use cases of digital object identifies so the first and easiest use case is the single item produced at time t0 and we're going back that t1 and t2 and it hasn't changed that's very easy we give it one name and we can always refer to it by that name and then we will have a resolving service that will then point us to its location now if we have a time series then it starts at t time t1 we can go back to it at t0 we can go back to it at t1 and then there's something that has been appended to this time series and when we go at t2 more has been appended but the past record hasn't changed and that's an important point the past record hasn't changed so we can go back to it introduce this use case to the project early on when we were looking at time series coming from satellites where the past record didn't change but the it was only appended and we in the old business model we would have to pay for the DOI so we weren't prepared to pay millions of dollars for DOIs we wanted to pay for just one DOI per dataset arguing that you could always go back to the old record it just became longer like in the days of library index cards where you have one library index card saying nature 18 something dash and you wouldn't have an index card for every issue of nature you would have only one for the series which was an ongoing series now if you update an item things are somewhat different so we start at t0 with some item then at t1 we update the item and at t2 we update it again indicated by different color bars in this box so there are some use cases where I want to go back to a very specific version of that dataset and each of these versions is identified by a different identifier we have the DOI one name the DOI two name DOI three but sometimes some people will only be interested in the most current version and that is something that you can approach by creating what we call a parent object and this DOIA name in this case is the parent to DOI one two and three and when you refer to DOIA it will take you to the most current version if you want a specific version you can address that very specific version by its own name the snapshot is a different variant of the same theme here it's a mix of updated item and time series it follows the same principle that you can go back to a very specific version or you can go to the current version depending on what your use case is and where you want to go also very useful is this concept of a collection where you have several objects several data objects that are then compiled into a collection by a parent object and this for instance can solve the question of how do I cite many hundred datasets in the publication I don't want a huge citation list you can create a collection and then cite that collection which then cites all the child datasets and this is an example of a collection you can also resolve that DOI this is a series of maps of the Lake Baikal region it's also a supplementary material to an article so we didn't actually put all the maps into the citation list at the end of the article we refer to this collection there are other examples of that as well you can find and this I think is very a useful and elegant solution to bundling many datasets into one collection and then referring to that as one and not as five hundred one of the things that then Pia is we have so far talked about collections and repositories but now we're approaching a where we're in an age where we're not dealing with handcrafted data in all cases anymore we're starting to use services and this is certainly a question that will be discussed I think also later today in in a workshop that how do we deal with this when we when we look at it from a services perspective if if it's file-based it's it's easy in that sense that it's easy to identify what we're referring to a pretty generic approach and it's close to the original record of science because we're working with something that's very close to the original materials and it's easy to make this compliant to the open archival information systems reference model but when we want to use this in the context of user agents of machines then this would often require manual interventions downloading data and then transforming it into something that machines can use on the other hand if we approach this from a services perspective that's machine friendly and the use of the data can be automated but the storage if we store things as a service is not OAAIS compliant does not fit with the open archival information systems model and the pangea database for instance has had run into that problem so now they have to keep a double record they have to keep the original materials that they receive plus use that as a stage to create the services that they then disseminate you can that's certainly a way that you can go to start file-based and then transform things into services but there's certainly an ongoing debate and things that need to be solved now the international geosample number is something that we develop based on the idea of the digital object identifiers with a slightly different use case and now we're touching on something that is now also called the internet of things the internet of things when you look at the Wikipedia definition is the internet of things refers to uniquely identifiable objects called things and their virtual representations in an internet like structure and in geology the specimens are one of the basic units of geoscience observations they are basic units for data reporting because measurements are being done on them and they are also basic units for data discovery access and analysis because people refer to them so creating access to this information about the samples or specimens is essential for evaluation and interpretation of the specimen based data and certainly it would be desirable to have access to the physical specimens to allow us to build more comprehensive datasets and reuse these resources and the data resources but until recently there was no standard way to access information about specimens there are few online repository catalogs there are very few disciplinary catalogs and the metadata found in the publications is incomplete if anything is reported to all just to illustrate the case this is the locations of rock specimens in the earth camp database called M1 so you can see that M1 is globally distributed there's a certain fondness for M1 in Japan and in terms of the rock type M1 is anything so M1 clearly is not a useful name to use it's something that if you find this in the literature it doesn't get you anywhere but even when the names are unique it doesn't help much if it's not linked to anything this is a case that I stumbled across when I looked at marine drilling data I wanted to run model for a sensitivity study and my colleagues told me you know the numbers you are using this study are they don't seem realistic where did you get them from I said I got them from the literature yeah but maybe they got them wrong so I meditated over this paper and this map and thought should I write to China now to ask for the numbers or should I find is there any other way that I could hold the numbers so I recognized SO 95-5 and SO 95-20 and thought maybe this was a site survey cruise for an international drilling ocean drilling program campaign so I checked the Pangea database to see whether the cruise SO 95 existed and it did so it gave me a lead to then go to the SEDIS database of the international ocean drilling program or integrate ocean drilling program at the time to see whether the drill holes 1146 1147 etc existed and yes they were there and I did find the data I was looking for and I could verify my claim that about these these numbers so having this in-depth knowledge of how ocean drilling works I could trace the numbers but it could have been so much easier if the materials had been identified by international geosample numbers the data were identified by DOIs at least so that there would be a way of looking those up if they had been reported but that's the word so there's room for improvement which could look like this so you start searching for something using your favorite search engine you find the paper that has a DOI to the data sets that are interpreted in this paper and then maybe these data will point you to other papers that are based or offer different interpretations maybe there's a more detailed data publication in the journal like earth system science data and point us to the materials that are the basis of these measurements that's how things I think will work in the future then we're getting there there are we are when well they're not we're not the only ones talking to the publishers then several initiatives are trying to make things more interconnected why didn't we use digital object identifiers for specimens because digital object identifiers means it's a digital object it's a digital identifier for an object it's not simply an identifier for a digital object so we could have used them for specimens but just historically the german national library for science and technology t.r.b. Hanover didn't want to do that because it wasn't part of their scope this was a really formal decision to go a different way and this was before the before data site was founded that they made that decision and so we went separate ways it could be discussed to merge the systems again at the moment we're keeping them separate because the use case of dealing with physical specimens called for a different set of rules even though the structures that we put in place are very similar to data site so the governance of these systems is a very important issue the technicalities are fairly simple if you want to base them on the handle service the infrastructure is basically there and then you build services that are technically actually not too demanding but to govern the system in a way that the names are unique that the names are persistent that the links are also as persistent as possible that is a different matter so since igsn and doi are both based on the handle system it will be easy to merge igsn with data site in the future if things go that way we'll see maybe that it will maybe things will go in a different direction


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Hi, Psych2goers, and welcome back to another video. Thank you so much for all the love and support you've given us, enabling us to venture further into everyday psychology. So let's begin. Awkward silences, clumsy stumbles, and even mistaken names. Sound familiar? They are all part of dating, whether you have anxiety or not. The true difference comes before and after the hiccup. Did you spend all day practicing what you would say? Are you going to come back to this small moment in time again and again when you think about dating? When you're struggling with anxiety, it can be incredibly frustrating to have an extra obstacle to navigate when you're trying to focus on finding love. But you're not alone. There are countless resources available, both on and offline, to help you learn, find support, and cope with anxiety. Who knows, maybe you'll meet someone who can relate. Before we begin, please remember Psych2go is not a medical professional, and these videos should not be used in place of a diagnosis. With that said, here are eight dating struggles people with anxiety face. 1. Thoughts turn into obsessions so quickly.  Turns out there's a science behind this phenomenon. Karen McDowell, PhD, told Healthline that anxiety stems from the way we think.  2.  Self-sabotage can sound as subtle as, I can't ask her out, she's way out of my league. If you've given up on something before you've even tried, stop. The anxious thoughts that make you hesitant are to protect you from potential rejection or embarrassment. But by avoiding dating altogether, you're guarding yourself against opportunities and connection too. 3. What are you supposed to say? Does your mind race through what-ifs during introductions? Do you rehearse your hello for the hundredth time until it sounds just right? Even though this can be an awkward moment to navigate, for even those who don't struggle with anxiety, meeting someone new can often be a trigger for anxious individuals. They might lose their train of thought altogether. What does a person even say to someone they've just met? 4. You can't stay present when you're together. Do you find yourself ruminating in the past or worrying about the future? Time travel might be a cool concept in science fiction movies, but when you're trying to have a rom-com moment, it just doesn't click. Connecting with someone requires you to be in the moment and attentive to the other person, but this can be difficult when your brain is swirling with input. If you can relate to this, don't be too hard on yourself because there's a reason your mind wants to do it. 5. Spending a night out means spending a night stressed out. Leaving home makes a lot of people anxious, but for some, this can severely impact their social life. Mayo Clinic defines agoraphobia as a type of anxiety disorder in which you fear and avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed. While this fear of stressful situations might keep you indoors and isolated, you are not alone. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, over 40 million people suffer from some type of anxiety disorder in the U.S. alone, so you're bound to find someone who'd be excited to spend a night in with you. 6. Anxiety's physical symptoms can ruin a date night. Fewer things could ruin date night faster than an anxious thought, which spirals out of control. If you experience physical symptoms of anxiety such as dizziness, heart palpitations or sweating, you know just how real the struggle can be. These symptoms come on fast and can be extremely debilitating. Think of something along the lines of a stomach trouble on the first date. As embarrassing as it can be in the moment, remember that everyone has times when their body and even their mind turns against them. 7. You always assume things won't end well. Are you a glass half empty kind of person? Has it become only too easy for you to find the worst-case scenario in any situation? When anxious and intrusive thoughts have been around for a long time, they can begin to become so habitual that they're automatic. It's easy to imagine relationships crumbling to pieces or first dates ending so badly you'll never show your face again. But if you're able to give it time and lots of practice, imagining second dates and a happy love life may not be so hard either. 8. It's hard to get to know someone when communication is so scary. One of the most frustrating things about anxiety is that it stops you from pursuing things you want deep down. Even though what you really want is to connect with them, you still may seem nervous or even fearful around the person you're interested in. In some cases, anxiety can stop you from expressing your feelings or communicating with anyone at all, which makes the frustration grow further. Do any of these apply to you? Leave a comment down below about your experiences. Also, know that you're not alone in this contradictory struggle and there are so many understanding people in the world who want to know you, support you, and maybe even go out with you. We hope you were able to give you a little insight into the inner workings of an anxious mind during dating. If you find this video helpful, be sure to hit the like and subscribe button and share it with those out there juggling anxiety and dating. Thanks for watching and we'll see you in the next video.


Welcome traders to another tickmail chart here with me Patrick Munley. I want to draw your attention to cable around the daily time frame. We're coming up for a test here of the pitchfork resistance coming in just below 140. If we jump to the intraday time frame, we can see this move looks impulsive. We have one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. So we're looking for a ninth swing here into an interim high and I'll be looking to fade the next high here in cable and then we'll be looking for a pullback out of this channel and I'll be looking for a move down there and to retest 13750 as a support zone before we then look for the next leg to the upside so something like this would work. As always, traders plan the trade, trade the plan, most importantly manage your risk. Until next time, thanks very much.


Well, Ms. Alessa news my name is Rob and today I want to talk a little bit of Bullishness and it doesn't sound like it at first but just stick with me and we'll get to at the very end So first things first when talking about how Bitcoin miners are getting loans to stay afloat and why only the strong will actually survive Then we're gonna just do a quick PSA a public service announcement talk about tax loss harvesting You've only got three days to do that just as a reminder And then lastly is want to talk about this morning's pre-recorded video. We talked with Jordan We're about the housing market and the eventual potential collapse of equities Housing and crypto and how long that could potentially last and last we'll do a Q&A, but this one I'll just have to I just have to talk a little bit about what everybody thought about it and How much it was negatively received from certain individuals and I can understand why so first things first Let's talk about Bitcoin miners. I think this is it's pretty important because where the Bitcoin miners go That's where the market goes. I mean, there's multiple indicators that we can take a look at we take a look at well multiple We can take a look at hash rate difficulty levels and things like that and just to take a look at who is in profitability and really if the big it's it's like that old adage if If If your wife ain't happy nobody's happy and it kind of comes down that that way as well with Bitcoin miners So there was an article We're talking about how Bitcoin miner Argo blockchain sells Texas facility to galaxy digital for 65 million That's Mike Novogratz his company glad to see that he's back on his feet after the Luna debacle So this is what's happening Argo blockchain announced has entered into a definitive agreements plural with galaxy digital holdings that will sell the miners Instead to sell its helios facility in Dickens County, Texas like I tell you Texas is the place to be if you're a Bitcoin miner The deal and I'm going to tell you why in a second the deal which will also see galaxy os Argos mining machines located helios is worth $65 million in addition galaxy will provide Argo with a new asset backed loan In an aggregate principal amount of 35 million with initial term of 36 months Using 23,000 bit main Mining machines and so on and so forth. So it looks like it's pretty good for this operation. I got to tip my hat to them just to Because that's what it really takes in this in this downturn You're really going to want to or have to be able to keep your head above water in any way shape or form Even if that means taking loans and just trying to survive But the question that I had it came out of this is is How profitable are miners right now? Because it seems like it's I mean with with the rising electricity costs and the overhead that we have and and then of course the just Just expenses all the way around especially with the with the macro environment. I'm like, how how profitable are bitcoin miners themselves? We can take a look here. There's a great sheet over at blockchain.com charts and miners revenue and if you can see it The black line here is the price of bitcoin and the blue color Is the miners revenue That's the revenue that each miner is doing and we can see right here. Usually you'd want the blue The bitcoin miners the miners revenue Above the black which is the bitcoin price that makes sense right if if the bitcoin price and on 15th of february 2020 was $9,900 and your Your revenue is 17,001. That's a pretty good day if you're a bitcoin miner. I think we could all agree That's looking pretty good And then of course we were just kind of chugging along chugging along the last year or so in 2020 Then all of a sudden right around here Something happened 9th of may 2020 and just like everything just got cut in half pun intended That's what's called a the bitcoin halving event and from there It was the same operation the same electricity costs same overhead and everything else, but now you're getting paid half Essentially, that's what happens and from that point forward in may 2020 And Then of course the mining operation was as not as profitable, but you know bitcoin miners just chug along and here they go and up here in 2021 You had the you know bitcoin miner revenue of 42,000 bitcoin price or anything that was pretty good But then as time went on you were just a little little profitable and then once Once the price spiked here. Here's the problem with with the supply and demand and bitcoin Price spiking which means that the more bitcoin miners get in and more bitcoin miners and more bitcoin miners get in And what that means is of course the difficulty level increases And once that happens now you have to put in more computational power to mine each block every 10 minutes And then of course your profitability goes down. So really if you're a bitcoin miner I hate to say this but Really what it comes down to is survival of the fittest and we can just see over here But as time has gone on Bitcoin miners the ones that have planned and and prepared just like an investor Once those bitcoin miners start shutting off Their rigs Then you can be more profitable and just go from there And but the bigger question I have is well, what is big? What is the profitability for each bitcoin miner? This right here is jayson. Jason less of riot blockchain And in 40 seconds, he's going to tell you the exact number it is To break even his break even point Because right now we're going to see I personally believe Bitcoin's going to go down to around between 10 and 12k when it's all said and done So what I want to know is are all the bitcoin miners going to shut down because if you're not profitable How can you do this? There's only so much you can actually have so just take a listen to this interview 40 seconds jason ceo riot. It's going to tell you just the exact number for what it is What is your break even point? in your facility Are for q3. So we just realized our q3 results and um All factors considered into our power strategy and cost of revenues our cost for bitcoin was approximately $8,300 That's great. Yeah, and then that that's a testament I really will attribute that to the power strategy and the grid balancing efforts that riot participates in We own large blocks of power and we are able to sell those powers Sell that power back to the grid and stabilize that grid when demand is high So that's market forces dictating the allocation of supply not a master regulator grid coordinator It's a very efficient system and by us taking that financial risk We you know both stabilize the grid and support our communities and get the financial benefit from doing that Yeah, perfect. And guess what just happened. There was this huge snowstorm Or cold bomb. Whatever you want to call it Cold cyclone and of course it ripped through taxes and the hash rate itself Drop pretty precipitously and the reason is because people had to shut off their bitcoin miners and the reason that they did that because they sold that electricity back to the mainframe And it's the companies that did something like this, which what riot is doing to keep them up They're head above water. Now if you have a break even point of 8,900 That's great if you're riot if you're a smaller operation Just an individual miner you don't have that luxury because you probably didn't lock in that price and things didn't work out too well for you Initially, so I think when we take a look at this, these are the ones that are going to lead the way Just like the crypto products that are out there that are doing quite well So when we take a look at these We just want to say which ones will do well It's the ones that have planned the one that have allocated funds for the rainy days Just like right and that too also goes down to if you are A investor putting money away for rainy day, which I think is going to come in 2023 So that is that part and then also Just uh, it was interesting to me. We talked to this a couple days ago Riot themselves they this is on december 22nd I mean as bitcoin miners are shutting down You got riot who just delivered 5000 S19 xp miners in texas via fedex and those are all going to just sit there until The uh cold front moves away and of course then they will be one of the major players In the bitcoin mining operation, but there's one thing that concerns me and we talked about this yesterday as well This is pool distribution so pools They can put themselves in and and of course any bitcoin miner is free to To exit and enter any of these pools as they pool their resources to mine bitcoin But just so you know Right now And this is up to three days ago. You can you can break this down if you want to one week one month three months one year But as of three days ago 52 of the hash rate is between two pools foundry and ant pool now China used to have the lion's share and now looks like uh, well usa's leading the way But it's still not the greatest thing. Um Everyone if one time about decentralization and things like that and we have 52 that's never good It seems like there's a the lion's share there and then I think with Everything shutting down you can I bet these smaller ones will just get absorbed into These bigger players here because of what the things we just talked about is that good for Bitcoin and decentralization means to be seen But uh, again when we talk about decentralization, that is one of those things and I need to stress this I'm not a bitcoin miner and from what the bitcoin miners tell me they say robby don't understand We can plug in and plug out any given day that we want to so just because foundry is there and it's the largest I mean we have to go to foundry It just may mean that that is the most profitable for us because They have whatever they have and maybe they secured a better deal and low overhead and low low electricity. So Not to say that's you know Bitcoins on the ropes, but that's what we have. So let me just think about that in the comment section This bottom is interesting. Let's move on to our next piece And this is just a quick PSA and we had talked about this. I had I had the CEO of coin ledger on david kemmer and if you want to Sell your crypto just wait don't blow your you know Don't start screaming at the at the screen because of me But it's called tax loss harvesting and you got three days to do it So this is what we got the deadline for tax loss harvesting is New Year's Eve And if your capital loss for the year exceeds your capital gains You can use up to three thousand dollars of losses per year Fifty hundred bucks if you're married or filing separately to offset Regular income. Let me just break this down real quick A couple years ago when xrp got sued or excuse me ripple got sued I sold all my xrp and then five minutes later. I bought it all back And I locked in a massive amount of losses which I can use Unconditionally against my capital gains So if I had losses of say, I don't know three hundred thousand dollars or something like that And I had capital gains of three hundred and fifty thousand while the losses take care of The gains And I don't have to pay fifty thousand dollars in tax. That's on capital gains On your income. It's only up to three thousand dollars. So just so you know that So if you're looking to do anything like that, there's a great website It's called coin ledger And you can sign up for free and take a look at what you need to sell as far as tax loss harvesting And if you want to buy A report for your cpa when you do when you do taxes, that's cool. You can do that later But right now you can start for free and see If you have some losses you can take before The end of the year hits. I'm just telling you what I'm doing So that's that and lastly remember The government doesn't know what it's doing as far as crypto yet Or they haven't decided so Crypto isn't a security yet So you can do what's called wash trading because it is deemed in america. I don't know where you're at It is deemed as a property So I sold all my xrp and then I bought some back not all of it, but a good chunk of it back And that's where we're at. So just so you know, you can do those things just trying to help you out Anyhow, oh, also, there's one more thing. This was pretty interesting. I didn't know they could do this But in coin ledger, let me go back Oh, it's right here see that in the green up here It says save thousands with nft tax loss harvesting if you click on learn more it's going to come over here and They're going to talk to you about how you can sell your nfts for tax losses Which let's be honest a lot of us bought some stupid nfts in our day And if that's the truth, there's a great video There's david right there and he's going to talk to you about that and you just click this green button And he'll tell you what to do. So it's not just crypto. He knows to do nfts. I mean if you want to keep your nfts That's fine, but whatever. So that's what we got in that one. And then lastly just to go over this real quick We had this session this was a pre-recorded session It was me and uh jordan weirce And we talked about The housing markets and the different things that are going on and we took a look at this What is it 14? 20 some year cycle and and jordan's not a big believer in this one but he's a big believer in this Real estate activity and you can just you can just kind of see You know how this has gone with the market over 200 plus years And the one thing we took a look at was a potential 10-year bear market And there was two things to note First of all, even though you're in a bear market doesn't mean there's gains and opportunities to be had It's just the truth if you look back and and we hear s and p 500 index historical charts that we take a look at The historical index of at the s and p 500 back in the days of the 60s you can see that We didn't hit the all-time high. We talked about this today We we topped out of 1969 1970 846 and it took us till the 80s to get back there But as you can see as we go down 1970 If you would have dollar cost average here, you could have sold around here and been okay And then come down here Sell a little here. You just you just it just becomes a tighter range. That's all So we talked about that But there was one more thing I didn't talk about and I should have and that was What jordan was talking about and and we talked about this after the video I put that put it in but The thing was it was pretty bearish what we were talking about a 10-year bear market, which it could happen You know, we have to take a look at all angles But there is one bright light that I keep thinking about which is this which is There's so much money. That's not in crypto right now. It's just not and I think the reason that it's not is because People have no idea which way the governments are going to go. Are they going to ban crypto before you say that's impossible You can't ban crypto No, but you sure as heck can ban Or make it super difficult for the on ramps and off ramps known as essentialized exchanges Also, you can make it extremely difficult For the people that have a ton of money to get into crypto Because they don't want to because they don't want to at some point go Oh, you were part of an unregistered security or ico pay off suckers And I think that's one of the big things And that's why I've been harping on just to get some clarity as far as regulation But if we get those things, I mean the money that's sloshing around is ridiculous like We talk about many times, but it's just it always surprises me about how low we are This was in 2020 and each one of these little squares is a hundred billion dollars In 2020 our market cap was 244 billion. You know what our market cap is now? 800 billion that's not that much I mean, we went to like 3.1 trillion dollars and we tumbled all the way down to me.  I don't I don't care about this stuff like gold I don't understand why there's 12 trillion in gold. I just don't get it. I own gold and silver I still don't get it Stock market's got a hundred trillion. Okay, you know you got me on some of that But you don't think that those zombie companies that are soaking up the five ten trillion that are just worthless Couldn't just flow into some kind of future technology like crypto digital assets to me It doesn't make any sense why it wouldn't global debt 253 trillion global real estate and this is what me and jordan. We're talking about there's 280 trillion dollars give me cheese 10% of that No, it's too much. Give me 5 14 trillion dollars For us in crypto, you know what that would do. Well, let me do some quick math 14 trillions history 16 Finance ria. It's a that's a 5x of where we were at an all-time high in november 2021 Can you imagine that and that's just in real estate? And then of course global wealth. I'm gonna talk about the derivatives which are just big Futures forwards options warren swaps, which is just paper nonsense anyhow So when I take a look at this stuff, and I'm just like I know there's there's I know there is a bearish part to this this process and I talk about it a lot but it's only because I'm so tired of people talking about how We're gonna pivot any day now and you're gonna see this awesome rally come up. I'm like no, that's Dumb It's it's gonna take a long it's gonna take some time to get there right and I have laid out why it is I could be wrong. I mean obviously been wrong many times But when I take a look at these things like I see a path forward and I see where it could go I don't know if we're gonna hit this this this 10-year bear market But I can see a definite way out and that's just my two cents So let me let you think about that in the comments and now we'll get in the q&a So look if you got to take off it's been 19 minutes quite a long time So if you had to take off get out of here, I appreciate you stopping by On what is it? Wednesday times Time slips away from me But that's it now we'll do a little q&a and I'll answer all your questions From there. All right, let's do this Jarkey If you have a Bitcoin monitor, just connect electricity to a street grid and you don't pay You don't get to pay electricity again. Yeah, you know Like when in Puerto Rico


I'll try to be very short in my presentation, although I would have a huge interest and really to have exchange with you in terms of answering the questions which you might raise. Kosovo and Ireland are located on two different sides of Europe, very far from each other. But in my view, we shared some common experiences. Our peoples have faced a long suffering, like the people of Ireland, also Kosovoers, where having a very long struggle for independence and for political and social freedom. I'm here today also to thank citizens of Ireland for the support which you give to us in a very, very crucial times. There were different parts of Irish society who were engaged since June 1999 in building a modern Kosovo. I'm very grateful to, I mean, first to members of the Defence Forces, to journalists, to human rights activists, to many diplomats which have been engaged in Kosovo for years and who supported us in our path to freedom and independence. I had today a great meeting with the Minister for Affairs. I was very much impressed with his vision for Europe, with his vision for the Balkans. And in his vision, the Europe is not completed without integration of the Balkans. And I had also a very good meeting with your Minister for Europe and I briefed them on the current developments in Kosovo. It is for me a great pleasure also to greet Ambassador Dolling which is covering Kosovo. Ambassador Dolling is based in Budapest, but from time to time he's coming to Pristina and with us it is our Ambassador Grajewski who is technically located in London but is also the channel of communication with you here in Dublin. We're very grateful to your government for supporting us for many years. But we are very, very grateful for the support which your government was giving to us last year during the Irish presidency of the Council of the European Union where two very important decisions have been taken. I mean, the first was we reached our agreement with Serbia April last year and I think the role which Ireland played in that was very important. And secondly, the European Council also recommended to the Commission opening of negotiation for a stabilization association agreement with Kosovo which was actually very, very important development. I'm going to discuss with you tonight for the first time some of my thoughts on smart power of the small states. And I'm aware that it's pretty late but it is raining, it's pretty cold outside and I think I can have your attention a little bit for some minutes on that. Smart power is a concept coined by Joseph Nye. And it includes a kind of mixture of soft and hard power. And I'll try just to provide you with some definitions as a former professor of what soft power and smart power means. Soft power is the ability to influence the preferences of others in order to achieve some intended goals. While smart power is a more pragmatic idea, it's a more pragmatic concept. It is about making choices based on resources, capacities, and the likelihood for success. Of course, Nye in his books has reflected what great powers, regional powers, super powers, could do with a notion of smart power. While I'm going to be focused tonight, most mostly in the case of Kosovo and what Kosovo practice of the small power means. Let me start by setting the context of my speech. And I'm going to share just some, I'm going to say just a few words about that. In my view, there are three reasons why we should talk about power in small states. First, Kosovo is the youngest state in Europe. And usually, the birth of a state is followed by the birth of a concept. What I'm trying to say is that the job of the foreign minister and somebody who was teaching at Pristina University is to think long term how to conduct foreign policy, which kind of the parameters should have our foreign policy, to have a thinking on foreign policy, to have a strategic vision on foreign policy. Secondly, Kosovo is located in Europe and all European states are somehow small states. That means that all European states are having the same framework how to conduct foreign policy. Third, small states are aware that they have small territory, small population, limited military and economic resources. And for them, it is very crucial how to find very alternative way to project power. I'm not the first who is pretending in front of you and here in Dublin that Europe is composed by small states. A former prime minister of Belgium and a former secretary general of NATO, Paul Henry Spock, said once, in Europe, there are only small states. But some of them don't know this. But Belgium is not a small state in compared to other small states in the Balkans. Let me give you an example. The total GDP of Belgium is bigger than the total GDP of all states in the Balkans. If we are using economy just as a parameter to measure the power of different states. In my view, small states are using smart power because this is the best way, this is the only alternative, how to preserve the political existence and how to play a role in international politics. And in my view, different small states, even many of them who are part of Europe, are today playing a very crucial role in international politics. Some of them promote peaceful resolution of conflicts. And I have been amazed as a foreign minister on daily basis to get information what kind of the role some of the European small states are playing today in different conflicts in the world. I mean, based on my daily communication with many foreign ministers, some of them are actually very much engaged in different global initiatives. For example, to reduce poverty and violence in different continents. And some others are promoting values related to liberty and democracy. I'm aware that I'm in Ireland today and I spend a lot of time living in Austria. And in Austria, I was promoting for a pretty long time a kind of, I mean, Austria was promoting itself as a neutral states in the world politics. But in my view, in the today world, small states do not have a much of choice remaining neutral states in the classical sense. In my view, they are applying and they should apply a mixed foreign policy, which means establishing a strategic partnership with a superpower and with a regional or some regional powers while preserving very good relations with neighbors and other states in distance. This is the best way for them how to benefit from the existing international system. Kosovo and its foreign policy today is the foreign policy for Kosovo today is actually a very important instrument to support and promote the national interest, but at the same time to support and to promote the interest of our citizens. The consolidation of our statehood and the conduct of foreign policy were done under very difficult circumstances. As a small state, we arose from a violent dissolution of former Yugoslavia. And in the last 20 years, we experienced it. All the changes in the international system after the Cold War. Let me give here some example. We faced apartheid in 1990s, human rights violation, ethnic lynzings, genocide. And after June 1999, we were put under the administration of the United Nations. And after the declaration of independence in 2008, we were also put under the supervision by the international community. Tonight, I'm going to present some key elements, actually four elements of Kosovo's smart power in foreign affairs. And what we did in the last six years and what I did in the last three years as a foreign minister in order to promote our agenda in foreign policy. And the first element which we use was our ability to attract international recognition and to get international support for membership in international and regional organization. The second was the ability to normalize the relation with Serbia to resolve peacefully outstanding interstate issues and to serve as a model for resolving other historic challenges in the region. I'm thinking here on Bosnia and on Macedonia. I mean, in Bosnia, the current relation between different entities. Within the Bosnia and on Macedonia, the name issue between Skopje and Athens. A third is the ability to overcome obstacles and to advance our Euro-Atlantic agenda through proactive diplomacy and domestic reforms. And fourth, the fourth element was the ability to change the image of Kosovo from a post-conflict place to an attractive place for international investments and tourism. In that matter, we did pretty a good job in terms of promoting Kosovo as a regional model of secularism and interfaith tolerance through a very active public and digital diplomacy. The first example of smart power, in our case, was the power how to attract international recognition for independent Kosovo. State recognition is today one of the most unregulated, but at the same time, one of the most conservative aspects of the international politics and international law. Kosovo is actually very proud that we were able in the last six years after the declaration of independence to achieve many individual recognitions, which we cannot be compared with many other states in the world. For the time being, we have been recognized by 104 member states of the United Nations and from three out of 28 member states of the European Union from all neighbors in the region except Serbia. As a minister for affairs, I was focusing my activities in seeking recognition at three levels. I was visiting main multilateral capitals, such New York, Brussels, Geneva, Cairo, Jeddah, Gaborone, and others. Secondly, I was working with most influential states in the world, like United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, and others. And third, I was traveling to individual countries that have not recognized Kosovo so far and was trying to convince there in different capitals prime ministers, presidents, and foreign ministers and others to take a positive decision and to recognize Kosovo. In the last three years, I was able to visit 65 states who have not yet recognized Kosovo, and I had more than 500 bilateral meetings in different parts of the world. But in each visit, in each continent, in each part of the world, and this is very much related to the smart power, we were developing a very specific strategy how to present Kosovo, why a country should recognize Kosovo as an independent state. What I'm trying to say in order to use a more simple term, we were using different narratives. We use another narrative in Africa. We use another narrative in Western Hemisphere. And if I was in Middle America in Caribbean, I was using the narrative of the small states. Or if I met the members of OIC, of Organization for Islamic Corporation, or Asia, Southeast Asia, we were using very different narratives at different parts of the world. That means we were using different strategies already to convince somebody to get a positive decision for independent Kosovo. The second aspect of the smart power has been the ability to get membership in different international organizations. When we declare independence in 2008, we were not part of any organization in the region and in the world. And membership in different international organizations, it's very important to us in terms of strengthening our international position, in terms of advancing our state interest and playing our role at multilateral level. At the same time, membership in different international organizations is very important in terms of getting political and financial support from different, different organization. We had many challenges, but beside many challenges, we were able in 2009 to get membership in World Bank and IMF. And we are very grateful to Ireland for supporting us in that matter. In 2005, we got the membership at ABRD, at European Bank for Development and Reconstruction. And last year, we got the membership at the Council of Europe Development Bank in Paris. At the same time, we were able to get membership in other 20 regional and European organizations, but I'm not going to bother you with many other names of different organizations who exist in Europe and beyond Europe. Very often, we were able to get the support in order to vote for Kosovo from countries who have not yet recognized Kosovo. And again, here we develop a narrative. We were pretending that membership, our membership in these organizations is not about exercise and sovereignty. It's not about status. It's not about independence. I told them it's primarily for economic and social reason, but I think you are aware that for a minister doesn't care at the end of the day about these technical things, what matters to me is sovereignty. But it worked. I told them, I need your support to get the membership at ABRD, not because of strengthening our international position. I need your support to get the membership at ABRD because it's about growth in Kosovo. It's about development in Kosovo, although he was aware that for a minister was talking to him. In the last six years, we had a lot of achievement in terms of international consolidation of our statehood. And this year, we are planning to apply for membership of the Council of Europe. And of course, our goal is also to be a full member of United Nations, where we have to think and rethink what we should put in our frame of a narrative, how to explain to somebody why we need to get the membership there. I mean, how to reach first consensus among countries who recognize Kosovo and then how to convince other countries who did not recognize Kosovo to vote in favor of Kosovo. A third aspect of Kosovo's smart power is the advancement of our Euro-Atlantic agenda. Kosovo in terms of history, in terms of geography, in terms of culture and identity, it is a European country. Our integration into European Union is, our membership into European Union is actually our return back to Europe. And without our integration into European Union and NATO as a small state, we will remain forever a very vulnerable state. In that sense, I mean, to us, it is among the most important strategic priorities. But the integration map in the Balkans, it is very complex landscape. What I'm trying to say is that there are different countries who are having different dynamics in terms of integration agenda. Some of them who started earlier thought pretty in good shape in terms of getting the membership creations. Membership last year has created actually a very good momentum in the region for modernization and for reforms among different countries. But when it comes to our integration agenda, we are pretty late on that because we are the, we were the lost country who declared independence from former Yugoslavia. I mean, in terms of the Yugoslav Brecca. At the same time, the process is pretty complex because there are five member states who did not recognize Kosovo like Spain, Slovakia, Romania, Greece and Cyprus. And they're shaping very much the European agenda to Kosovo. However, we are very proud that last year we were able to start negotiation for signing a stabilization association agreement with the European Union last October. And we are hoping by the middle of this year to be able to sign that agreement. Stabilization association agreement for Kosovo, it is very important in terms of first modernizing our political system. I mean, this is our modernization project. And to be very frank, very often in the Balkans elites failed when it comes to the modernization. In my view, modernization is nothing else, just frame how much you are able to compete with other nations in the world. And to win competition or to be part of that competition. And signing a stabilization association agreement, it is for us also the first possibility to start to modernize our country, to modernize our economy. And at the same time to transform our society. Beyond the European context of this agreement, the agreement, it is very important to Kosovo because this is the first legal bilateral agreement between European Union and independent Kosovo. More than that, what I learned in the last three years is that in the way how the European Union sees the Balkans, this is the way how the rest of the world sees the Balkans. That's been in the way how somebody is reading the developments in Kosovo from Singapore or Australia or from Guyana is actually what he's reading and getting as a frame of understanding the events, what has been published and written in Brussels about Kosovo and about the Balkans. In that sense, I mean signing a stabilization association agreement between Kosovo and the European Union, it's a new reference to Kosovo, a new reference how the world is going to understand Kosovo. In the last two years, we also have started a dialogue and visa liberalization with the European Union. We are very proud that we were able to reach the, to make a lot of reforms and to reach many benchmarks. But at the same time, we are trying to achieve this goal in a time when there is a lot of skepticism in Europe towards migration. But we are trying to convince the institutions in Brussels that we need to get a date in 2014 in order to make possible for the Kosovo citizens to travel visa free. Frankly speaking, the fact that Kosovo is today the most isolated country in the region in terms of visa free travel, it makes in our case the visa liberalization a matter of human rights and a matter of human dignity. I'll come to my last aspect of Kosovo's smart power which is very much, which is related to our ability to ensure Kosovo's territorial integrity and international sovereignty. We are very proud that last year we were able to reach agreement with Serbia in April 2013 and with that agreement, Serbia has accepted the existence of Kosovo as a state and also accepted our territorial integrity and that agreement which we reached last year has closed a chapter of 100 years of old conflict between Kosovo and Serbia and has also opened in our view a new chapter of the relations between Kosovo and Serbia as two independent independent country. We are very much interested not only to normalize with Serbia the relations at political level but we are very much also to start a bilateral process of reconciliation between the two society. When we reached that agreement with Serbia in April 2013, we did this of course because of our citizens in terms of providing them with predictability and regulating the relations with our neighbor in the north but we did this because of the region also. In the region there are three historic challenges. The first historic challenge has been the relation between Kosovo and Serbia. Second, the situation in Bosnia and third, the name issue between Skopje and Athens. And we are very proud that in the last months we were able to organize the local elections in the north of Kosovo and to extend the public institutions of Kosovo and to integrate the Kosovo Serb community also in the north of Kosovo. If I sum up our approach in foreign affairs in the last three years and the way how we were trying to use some of the instruments of the smart power in this lecture I would mention shortly three, four elements how we did that. First, we were able to attract international attention and to be also very much engaged in a cooperation with international democratic community. Secondly, we were able to generate support. Third, we were able to put ourselves in the map of states to be part of their agenda. And fourth, we were also able to play our role as a young state whenever it was necessary from Kosovo to take our role over. I will stop here. I'm aware that talking about smart power in a pretty late hour like today it's a very complex topic. But I'm very grateful to you for inviting me tonight to share some of my thoughts on Kosovo's foreign policy. And of course I'm more than interested to answer questions if you might have questions on different issues related to Kosovo but also to the region. Again, we are very grateful to Irish people for supporting us massively. And in the Balkans you have a young independent country on which you can count forever as a European partner of Ireland.