All right, let's get started with our second talk and learn some more about other horticulture research going on at North Dakota State University. Harleen Hatterman-Valenti is a professor, assistant head, and high-value crop specialist in the plant sciences department. She joined NDSU in the year 2000, and she has 85% research, 15% teaching responsibilities. She has sponsored three visiting scientists and trained two postdocs, three PhD students, 27 master students, and she currently has three PhD and eight master students in her program. Wow, that is impressive. That's like a factory. That's just like an amazing wheelhouse of research you got going on there. To date, Harleen has published 58 peer-reviewed manuscripts. She's authored or co-authored three book chapters, published 185 scientific abstracts and proceedings, authored or co-authored 25 extension publications, and she's published 282 research reports. Since joining NDSU, she has given 274 extension presentations, and congratulations. After tonight, you can chalk up another one. You'll be up to 275. There you go. So, Harleen, welcome to the forums. Thank you, Tom. And considering I don't have an extension appointment, but that's the part I really love to do. Well, so tonight I'm going to talk about some of the high-value research that we did this last year. And I was trying to find Buzz Lightyear to go and put him in here because I had that end beyond, but I decided just to get kind of spacey with my background. So hopefully, because hopefully I can tell you about some of the stuff that also is coming up in 2022 as well as 2023. So to begin with, okay, there we go. So there's a lot of research that we are doing, but I wanted, I only had 20 minutes and I know Tom's very strict on that. So I've dropped a pretty much focused on five of them, and then that the Grape and Juniperia introductions, that'll be if we have enough time. So with that, you can see the first one I'm going to talk about is small-scale vegetable planting technology. And this was done by a graduate student, Sarah Bogan-Reef. She finished up a couple weeks ago, and she's from the Minot area and really wanted to help more of your local food producers and local farm producers that were looking at vegetable production. The first part of her research, and this had nothing to do with what she did for her master's degree, this was something she wanted to do in addition. So she wanted to see if these various hand planters, how efficient they were. And I have a picture of two of them. There's actually four. She was using hand by hand completely. The next one are two vibrating ones that you can just dibble out the seed. And then the last one was more of a vacuum seeder, which has a vacuum suction, so that you can put them into a flat. You fill all the holes, you turn it over onto the flat, and it plants them all at one time. So we wanted to see how that did for, we looked at three different sizes, the seeds, lettuce, pepper, and melon. And then we looked at two different sizes of trays, 50 and 72 inch cell trays. So the first thing she did was she looked at how long it would take her to seed, using the hand versus the vibro, which was the one with the long trough on it. It just kind of vibrates and then those seeds kind of trickle down. The squeeze seedling seeding was the one with the green little tray and it has that little hole.  And then the vacuum seeder is of course something big and explained before. So you can see here that when we looked at the lettuce, small seeds, hand seeding was the best, and vacuum seeding was the worst. And the main reason that the vacuum seeding was the worst was the fact that it's not intuitive. I mean, you saw those other two, let's see. I mean, these look pretty intuitive. You put your seeds right in here and it vibrates and you try to get them individually.  So what you can see with the vacuum seeder it just, I mean you got this big thing you got to figure out where to put the hose on and all that stuff. And it took a bit to go and really understand the mechanics of it and how to go and get it to work properly because depending on the size hole where that air gets sucked up is how big the seed will be that it will take. So there's a little bit of changing things around. So we look at medium size, then we get into those vibrating ones. It's still with the with the real small seeds, you know the vibrating or the hand vibrating. It's just impossible with the with let us see to go and try to get that to be more individual and singlet. But once you get to the medium size. It's much easier. So here you see with the large seed, the squeeze one, that's because the whole actually was inhibiting the ability to kind of single at those seeds. So here when we got to the melons, you can see how everything else did pretty much the same except for that squeeze theater, due to the whole restriction so when we look at this, you know, it, when we're talking about time, if you have just one flat. This probably will be the quickest. Now if we were to do 10 flats, and she did repeat so she could do statistics on this but if you had a number of flats that you had to do. Probably it would be switched around in which, especially for the small you would, the vacuum seeding is going to become much more efficient. We didn't test that so we can't say that but you know in in this study. The hand seating was the quickest. When we look at, then she looked at how many days it took to germinate those seeds. And, and so you see here again we have those four theaters, and that the hand seating was a day quicker to emerge in comparison to the vacuum seating when we got to medium size. The hand seating and the squeeze are the same and about two days ahead of the vibrating and the vacuum. And then when we got to the large seeds, again the hand seating, what turned out to be the best.   So you're going to get a lot of difference variations, versus you can much easily much more easily when you're pushing each one down. Get that same kind of depth, thus be able to go and influence the germination. She also looked at the field part. And with this there was three cedars. This up in the top, yellow one is the JP or Jane JP one. The Earthway looks just like this, except for it doesn't have such a heavy wheel to it, and it's aluminum it's really lightweight. It also had various discs to change for the different size seeds. This is a glazer, and that small little wheel is supposed to follow and kind of press the seed down, and you're supposed to be pulling this, we found this thing to be. It was the second most expensive and it was probably the biggest waste of any money possible. I'm not going to she also looked at some other stuff but because of time we're not going to be able to do that. So here's where we did this we repeated it twice. And so you can see, let me go so what we did was what we have here is 123 different cedars. So this is radish seed. We did lettuce with the small radish was medium, and then beat was our large seed. And the fact that this is all emerged already probably indicates that it's radish busy emerge so fast, you can see the kind of differences. The next one is probably the lettuce and then right here at the end are the beats. And this is our second wrap and our third round. So, what did we find on this what we did was we counted the number of seedlings that emerged after a period of time. And I put this table together. For some reason I put lettuce in the middle it should have been on this side. Probably I did it on. Well, so this tells you when we looked at them nine days after planting with the glaze or having. Okay, I just kind of set this up when they're when their letters are different. That means statistically, they are different. And the others. There, we really didn't have a lot of statistical difference. Thus, we just had plus and minus which was the standard air of the differences in those times and with the emergence but here we're able to go and get some real statistical differences. The radish, the JP jet or the Jane JP one had the greatest emergence at nine days after planting, followed by Earthway and then lastly that blazer. When we go to that really small, the lettuce. Again, here we have that the Earthway and the JP one were the same. So even though we have those numbers difference statistically, they are the same. However, as you can see on this comment down here with the JP one, the spacing for each seed drop was two and a half inches so one third of the our row didn't have plants in it and it still came up similar to the Earthway. And then lastly, with the beats. The Earthway was the best my far the JP one, the little you what you did is you change this little kind of rubber thing for the seed size and this it just wasn't quite big enough and and so sometimes two seeds got stuck and it went come through versus Earthway had now there's I think eight different discs, maybe more for all a different size seeds. So it was way better than anything else. And the glazer didn't have anything that could even plant a beat. And so nothing actually got planted. That's nothing even emerged. So, if we were going to go and suggest anything, probably the, although I used all three of them. And I would say that Jane JP one that was so smooth that, but it was because we had a nice seed bed, and it's a heavier instrument in comparison to the Earthway, but now it was also more expensive so I would go with the Earthway, any time if you want to go in and not be bent over trying to go and plant that each of those seeds by hand. Okay, now we're going to move on to our pepper trial. And with this what we tried to do was, we wanted to see if there's a difference between nitrogen sources for bell pepper production. We used urea as our standard that's a soluble nitrogen for source but it also if you get heavy rains, it can go and move below the root system and not be available and actually leach into the groundwater and those kind of concerns. In contrast, the ESN which stands for environmental immensely safe nitrogen and super you have different ways of holding on there like a slow release so they hold on to that nitrogen and keep it more into that area where you applied it. So we use six cultivars. We planted these, gosh, probably the third week in May last year. And if anyone can remember that fourth week in May, we got this frost. And it was more than frost. It was probably almost a freeze. And knowing that these tomatoes would not take that we went we we covered them up with a frost blanket we made these little hoops that would keep the frost blanket off of laying them down. And we were able to salvage everything it was and they would have been all toasted anything that was warm season with that I think it was May 26 for us would have been gone. So we're really happy to know that we were able to go and keep this alive. However, with all that cool weather that happened around that time, they just weren't doing anything so we gave them some soluble fertilizer just to go and get them going. And what we see here as I'm going to set this up so this is on our y axis this is called fruit number and this is associated with the blue bars. And again those letters, the capital letters are associated with statistics there. They're all yield it's in grams that is on the Z axis. And that's the orange bar, but really for you. You could see that when we look at fruit number. I mean, it was an amazing year last year. And that's for King Arthur average 27 fruit nice marketable bell peppers. Last year because we had so much heat. It was just amazing and then with the fertilizer and with the drip irrigation. It was really good. But you can see that that was not different for Olympus ninja intruder or Cal wonder, the only one where the number of fruit produced was better was in comparison to big dipper, which produced the fewest amount of fruit per plant. But if you put that in perspective at a graduate student looking at high tunnel versus field. A few years back. And in the high tunnel, we were at best we were like right around 18 fruit. And here on average here, you know, we had five of them above 20. So it was really pretty amazing. A year for pepper production. And then when we look at at yield, we can get and see that it really the are our best three were King Arthur intruder and Olympus and but they were only better than ninja and Cal wonder and big dipper. Okay, now when and this is going to be hard to explain but I'm going to, you know, if you were growing and selling it by weight, each pepper. This is really important versus if you are going to sell them on a just a number basis, because what this talks about is the fruit weight. Each individual fruit how much it weighed for these cultivars, and we had an interaction so the fertilizer didn't act the same. And what this shows is that, you know, if you were looking at Cal wonder, you would have been best. The heaviest fruit was when you used ESN, and the lightest fruit was when you use urea. But when something like Olympus, it really didn't matter much. Same with big dipper. When it came to King Arthur ESN was the best follow up but that was very similar to super you. And then came urea but in here intruder actually urea which is the cheapest and actually with the urea that was supposed to be a split application but because of that early nitrogen application, the plants look so green and lush, they didn't actually see that last amount so very much cheaper with the urea in comparison to the ESN or super you which already on a per amount of nitrogen basis you're paying more to have that nitrogen stick around. We're going to repeat this, just to see what's what. And this time, no matter how good the plants look, we're going to give that second application of urea just to see if it changed things up. However, and we've already gotten the seed started for this in 2023. Oh, that's next, I see my next slide. Okay, a broccoli. I don't know if we're going to go and look at anything further after this with with pepper, unless we have some real differences there. Our next one is peppers.  Boy, there's come out with a whole bunch of new all purple, you know, and all these health attributes and, and so we said well, you know, the last time we did this was in 2002. And I don't even recognize any of these cultivars anymore so we wanted to see just how the peppers would do. We have nine of these cultivars. Some of them are sprouting, some of them, you know, are just green but they have additional health attributes to them as as maybe a marketing tool but we want to see is that really true. So first of all, we said, well, to go and test for all these compounds. We can't have this many. So we wanted to do a preliminary test to see how they did. And of course, last year, we thought it was going to be the best year ever. And with cold crops. Of course you can see here, the peppers were planted behind me there. So we planted our cold crops first. There is, you know, we weren't concerned about the frost and we didn't have to and that just above shows those 2002. Here's a picture of the harvest. One of the three harvest that we had. And so you can see we had some purple ones we had some really large heads and we had some more the sprouting ones that had the smaller heads but you get more you keep on picking on those. And when we looked at the, the yield, you can see we had some really bad ones so we had three different harvest for our plants, and we had these three that basically did not produce a head. Now remember, last year was really warm and cold crops, broccoli and cauliflower. When that head formation, if we get above 85 degrees, you'll end up with a blind head. We had some huge plants, but they never produced a head on them. So you can see our top five. And, you know, green magic isn't one of those that is purple by any means but you get these burgundy for sure is red fire is I'm pretty sure check around that is Santa Fe I think it's green. But anyway, so what we're going to do is we're repeating this again we have these seats already started and going to see hopefully we have a different year in which we'll see how they really produce. I mean you can see even with some of these other ones that you know the just purple peacock wasn't you know that wasn't the greatest when when we're talking, you know, one out of three plants actually producing a head in our experimental units. What I'm also going to do and I get a little ahead of myself last time is that we have we have a grant. So starting in 2023, we're going to actually look at these health attributes that they have, and just see under North North Dakota conditions. What kind of differences we actually have in those health attributes those anthocyanins and synolics that are common with that purple color, just where those levels are so really excited for that research along with we're going to do this year. Okay, so our other one was with cauliflower and you can see there was even more available for cauliflower. This is the first time we even did anything with cauliflower. So in cauliflower we have everything from like cheddar, which has vitamin C or vitamin C to a bunch of those purple ones. And then of course like snow crown, we wanted some that were just our traditional for comparison as well. And here's just a picture of some of those deep purple really really purple. And when we looked at the yield course now we did have more of these. So you can see. Basically, these were our five best. And these were the are for worse that are all right down here after a third harvest really having hardly anything. And the main problem and it from what we saw color flower was even more susceptible to the blind head than than broccoli. So we're hoping to see some really hopefully for like the Punto Verde, that it again is really good, but that everything else moves up, which will make our exclusion keep for year 2023 more difficult but that'll be a good thing. And so again in 2023 we'll be looking at the health attributes of cauliflower as well. So the last thing I'm going to talk about is really the strawberries and this Mika has done this one, where we're looking at three different environments, these are day neutral strawberries so unlike June bearing strawberries, they produce throughout the year. You go and do a lot of runner removal so that they don't divert their energies into making little babies. And the only problem is if your temperatures get above 8590. It really suppresses any kind of flower and fruit production, of course, last year was extremely hot. What other thing we did wrong last year was, well, we wanted, we thought it'd be best to compare the three different environments and open field using these low tunnels or the high tunnel to plant them all at the same time. Doing that we're not taking advantage of that season extension early in the season with the high tunnel and somewhat with these low tunnels they're just low plastic they only go up about two foot, maybe a little bit more, and allow it to breathe but you know clear plastic really does a wonderful job of getting in the sun and trapping that to heat. So you can see the six cultivars that we looked at. And what we, what Mika found was that there was no difference between environments because we planted them all on the same day thus, we weren't really able to take advantage of the differences that those environments had. So this year we're going to do that. But with that, here on the total yield you can see that Albion was the highest and St. Andres was the lowest. That was on total yield for all the strawberries that that were there. Then when Mika adjusted that for missing plants, because some of them when we transplanted didn't go and survive. Now we see that Portola did much better. Well, slightly better I wouldn't say much better but did that was the highest yielding for total yields and then came Albion EV2 and Fort Laramie seascape and St. Andres were the worst. And when Mika looked in at the total soluble solids, what he did with that was he picked out three different Julian days. So 234 days from January 1, 264 days and 294 days. And he looked at the bricks or soluble solids. What we can see here is that at 264. Well, that was probably right in the middle of the summer type thing. I should look up the exact dates. Some of these like EV2 and Fort Laramie tended to be sweeter. Earlier in the season when we don't have as much sun for ripening and increasing out with the sugars is all with heat and sunlight. So a little bit lower than when we went to 294 days we're getting more into fall. It drops down again. For some of these, some of these other ones, you know, like seascape. Basically, it is maintained throughout the seasons what we got to a little bit later in the season. So we see do I have time do I have time. No, I don't. Okay, so this other stuff is on available for you to see. I think Tom made the notes that way, because you can see we did a lot of research in other things. And with that I'll just say, thank you. And this is, you know, I'm always looking for ideas of how I can help you. So if you want certain kind of research conducted, you know, send me an email or or if you have certain horticultural questions that you need, you know, a non bias, I'll set it up into that we aren't being biased in our judgment it isn't it's not going to be just a demonstration, we're actually going to set it up so that we take into consideration location in in planting row, as well as how soil can change but I'd love to hear anything more, as far as things that you guys are looking to have answered in the future. So with that, Tom. Thanks Harleen and we do invite the questions from the audience. One question we had Harleen was had to do with this person raised peppers, and their peppers had thin walls on the fruits. Could that have been related to the drought, or what do you think. It somewhat well yes somewhat I think it's all physiological. And again, you the partly genetics, but nutrition can also influence that, as we saw with the nitrogen on that. So, yeah, this person also mentions that some some of the peppers like you mentioned genetics. This person had some Hungarian cheese peppers and jalapenos that had fantastic cell walls but some of the bells had a problem. Yeah, and, and those you know those hot peppers really like heat, even better than bell bell peppers so they, I had some chilies and gosh those just went crazy. So, why did you test cal wonder that's a terrible variety that's no disease resistance Harley, what are you doing there come on. Yeah, well, it's a cheap one that you buy at the garden center because the garden center wants to buy the cheapest meat so don't buy a cal wonder. Yeah, but, you know, it's available all over so even that Johnny's. So we said, Okay, we're going to, you know, more as the standard. Just because, yeah, it, it's been out there forever. Yep, it's. Yep, very good. I was just my personal. I never buy that at a garden center that's just that was, that's the past. Anyhow, how about, what do you think the difference like you did nitrogen trials, would miracle grow have similar effects. Okay. And it would have had similar. Well, it probably would have similar effects in that, you know, we wanted to get away from a grower gets busy in the summer. So instead of the spoon feeding with miracle grow in which you'd have to go and have an injector for the drip tape and all that kind of stuff. We wanted to see a one and done or, you know, come with a split application but not that you had to go and figure out okay, you know how much to mix up and then and and do a hose on or any kind of. And when you get bigger like that then you have to start worrying about safety and back siphoning and and all that. So we looked at using these solids granulars as a way to avoid some problems with more of the spoon feeding with miracle grow or something like that. I think next year your topic here to your 300th extension publication presentation by then should be how to grow peppers because anybody get 25 fruits on a plant that's, that's pretty incredible I gotta say, 36 was the highest 36 Wow that's amazing. Yeah, and you don't did you stake those plants. Wow, that's quite a fruit load there. But we were in the southern part of abstract so it's surrounding kind of see we got trees on the west trees on the south and the apple trees all on the north so it's really in a nice kind of protected area where it doesn't get a lot of wind. Yeah, if we were in more of an open field condition yeah we would have done a leave on them to go and make sure that they didn't break over. You know you mentioned about some of your. We just got a question. Get top your peppers to get them bushier if you pinch them. No we didn't.  What does that mean, or what causes blindness. So blind head is when, when that color flower is starting to form the head, you get to higher temperatures and they are sensitive to actually not forming a head then because the temperatures are too high. I had some color flowers.  That's a hard that's a hard crop to grow. Yeah, I think so with our stressful conditions we have here right. Okay, I think we're just gonna let it go at that. Thank you for sharing your results and you look forward to more results in the future. Thank you.


The project is called Heart Beat in a Bottle. When somebody passes away, we take a rhythm strip which represents a patient's heart beat. We prep it, roll it, put it in a glass vial, and present it to the family so that they have a keepsake if you will, or a remembrance of their loved one that they can actually have with them when they leave the hospital. I've passed many out. Last week I gave two, one for the wife, one for the daughter, and they were beyond grateful. I think it also helps the nursing staff in the process of grieving when we lose our patient as well. People have said they were going to use them as blueprints for tattoos. I'd like it to be expanded out so that it can be used with more families and more people can benefit from it.


Okay, before we begin, would somebody please open us in prayer? Dear Heavenly Father, thank you very much for guiding us all here Heavenly Father, first class Heavenly Father, bless each and every person present here Heavenly Father and help us to learn new things from Heavenly Father. Use my mightly Heavenly Father, teach us new things about your word Heavenly Father and lead us mightly in this class Heavenly Father. Please help us understand the chapter that is taken today Heavenly Father. In Jesus name we pray, amen. Thank you. Okay, so we are just coming to the end of the chapter on Paul's life. We were looking through the book of Acts. So coming to the, we finished the book of Acts. So we look a little bit at Paul's life post-Acts. So Acts covered up to Paul's imprisonment in Rome. But after that it doesn't talk about what happened after. So we look at what happens after that and then we'll go into the early church. So in AD 63 was when Paul was released from Roman imprisonment and then we, some of the things that he did after that are things that we are able to see based on what he said in other books. So the book of Titus, the book of 1st and 2nd Timothy, which are considered the pastoral epistles. Those epistles have some information about what he did after that. Let me just share screen. Just, yeah, I have it on a PowerPoint. So I'll just share that. Okay. So this is some places that Paul visited after he was released from Rome. So from Rome, he is thought to have gone to Crete, which he talks about in the book of Titus. If we look at Titus 1.5, can someone look at that? Read Titus 1.5. Titus chapter 1 verse 5. For this reason, I left you increased that you should set in order the things that are lacking and appoint elders in every city as I commanded you. Okay. So we see here that Paul has taken more of a role of just overseeing the work. So we'll also see where Timothy has taken charge of the church, the work in Ephesus. So Titus is now taking, he's kind of overseeing what's happening in Crete and he is put in charge of appointing the leaders in the church. So Paul is now going to, he's kind of stepping back and just overseeing the work of these leaders that he's already raised. So he leaves Titus in Crete and then he moves on from there. You all can see the map, right? Yeah. So the rest of it, like it's not very certain, all of the things he did, it may be that he went to Ephesus with Timothy. So if someone can read Timothy 1.3. Yes. First, yes. So here it's possible that he actually went, so if you look on the map also, he went to Ephesus with Timothy and then from Ephesus, he continued on into Macedonia and left Timothy there like he did Titus. He left Timothy in Ephesus to kind of make sure that the people were learning what is true and he was opposing anyone who was teaching anything that was not in line with what Paul had taught them. So once he's in Macedonia is where he writes 1st Timothy, he writes Titus and possibly also Hebrews is thought to have been written by him. So all those books while he's in Macedonia. So from there, he's encouraging Timothy in the work that he's doing in Ephesus and encouraging Titus in the work that he's doing in Crete. And then he asks Titus to come meet him in Nicopolis. So if you see from Macedonia, he goes on to Nicopolis on the map. You can see he goes down to Corinth and then Nicopolis and he asks Titus to come meet him there. Okay. And it may be that he also, he had earlier, if you remember, we read about him wanting to go to Spain. So in this time, he might have also gone on to Spain. So if someone can read 2nd Timothy 410. Okay. So he's Titus went on to Dalmatia. That is in, if you look in the map that Illyricum that's on the left there near the Adriatic Sea. So that's where Titus went from Crete and left the work to Taikikis. So in Titus 312, we see that some other people came and started doing the work in Crete. And then Titus moves on to Dalmatia. So finally from here, Paul is once again imprisoned in Rome, okay, from 67 to 68 AD. And this is where he is thought to have finally been martyred to have been beheaded because he's a Roman citizen. So that was the way they would treat Roman prisoners. It was not a painful death or thought to not be as painful a death as crucifixion or other kinds of treatment. So we'll read these last few passages because they are the end of his ministry. 2nd Timothy 4 622. And now there is waiting for Titus to decide if he's right or he's right to start with. The law of the righteous character will give me on the day, on that day. And not only to me, but to all those who waited for Titus' love for him. Three of them have come to me, so they will spend an hour with his servant, Joel, and I will desert you for going on to Kessronica. Kessronica went to Eurasia and tied it with Arabia. When you lose this regime, get back and bring it with you because he can help me in the world. I send thanks to his and to the Eurasian. When you come, bring my report to the National Trust with purpose. Bring the books to me. I'll send you the ones made of parsley. I'll send them to let you know if they really want to come. The law of the revival is according to what you're in there. Be on your guard against them yourself because even while you're there, you're going to be according to our message. No one should believe the person I'm going to tell myself or the person I'm going to believe. May God not hunt against them. But the law is being a thing and gave me strength that I will be able to claim the full message of all the dead I'll be there. And I will rescue you from being sent to death. And the law will rest to me. All the evil that take me safely into a serendipity. There will be a glory for ever and ever. Amen. I send greetings to Prasanna and Akhara and to the faculty of Unis for each of us. There are a lot of questions stated for them. I have no feelings in the latest because they will let me. They are the best to come before we know them. Dividends, students, writers, and Claudia send their greetings. And so all the other 15,000 will not be with you today. God bless you all. So this is when he is imprisoned in Rome, right? So this is his final imprisonment. He writes to Timothy in the letter of Second Timothy.  And so he's just writing this final letter. We see here just this really important statement. I fought the good fight. I finished the race. I've kept the faith. Very important things. So I've continued to battle for God's kingdom. I finished whatever God had purposed for me. And third is I remain faithful to God. So those are some three important things that if we look at the Israelites in the Old Testament, where God had told them to conquer the land, did they go and take everything that God had given them? No, because they got happy with whatever they had and they just settled and they started to merge with the culture around them. So that's the difference where God has called us to take his entrusted certain places to us for us to take over for his kingdom. And when he said I fought the good fight, he's battled for that, right? He very much entered a battle in so many ways, like physically traveling to all of these places, being persecuted, being imprisoned, all of these things. It was a spiritual and a physical battle. He completed that. He finished whatever God had, like he reached the finish line of the race. He didn't stop in between somewhere. He went right to the end of the race. And throughout that, he continued to stay strong in his faith. That is the key, right? That was what kept him going even in the midst of the battle. So three things for us to take away as people who are called for God's work in whatever way that may look like. Three things that God calls us to is to fight for what he has given us to finish it and to stay strong through that race, to hold on to the faith through that race. And then he lists a whole lot of people who were involved in the work with him. Some people who mistreated him. Some people who forsook him. Some people who had continued the work that he was doing. He didn't trust his work to them and they were continuing the work that he had started. So we see a lot of people named and he ends the letter with that. So we'll just look at what were the things that Paul achieved as someone who he experienced God powerfully and then carried that experience into his ministry to carry on to pass on that revival. We'll just look at a summary of that. So Paul ministered from AD 44 to 60. So about 20 to 24 years of ministry in all in that he covered about 49 cities in Asia Minor and Europe and traveled over 10,000 miles by land only. So by sea he traveled several thousand miles in addition to that. He established churches in several places and those churches are recorded to have experienced the Holy Spirit in power. They experienced God moving amongst them. He raised up many leaders and fellow workers with him that are about 24 people who are named in the New Testament. He impacted people across cultures, across social lines. He impacted people from different parts of society. So he went to the philosophers, he went to the people in the marketplace, went to different groups of people. He went to leaders when he was imprisoned. He was preaching to leaders. So he went to groups of people from all over, to the Jews, to the Gentiles, to the poor, to the rich, to the elite. All of these people that he was able to present the gospel to them in ways that made sense to them. So he contextualized it, but always in the power of the Holy Spirit, not just with words. And then he wrote 13 or 14 epistles that are recorded in the New Testament. So apart from this, he also wrote other things, but these are the ones that are in the New Testament. So things that we can learn from him is how we can seek God so passionately. To be people who are pursuing God, pursuing a personal revival so that God can move powerfully through us. To be people who can prepare other people to receive the power of the Holy Spirit. So in the way we raise leaders, in the way we plant new communities of believers, all of that to be preparing people to receive the Holy Spirit. To be people who can pass on that fire of the Holy Spirit wherever we are going. So wherever we are going to be carrying the power of the Holy Spirit and allowing people around us to experience that and then to be able to influence wherever we are. Wherever we are going to be able to influence those communities for Christ. So anything y'all want to share from what we've covered in Acts? Any takeaways? The churches that were made, are they there even now or are they not there? Are there like physical churches or just like even to various houses? Yeah, there were no physical buildings constructed. They were all house churches at this time. So we can't go visit the physical buildings. But the work definitely continued, right? Whatever. So that's the thing. That's the difference I think between a physical structure and a spiritual work that's done. We'll never know the impact of what, like he impacted those few people, but how many people did those people impact? And where did all those people go? They spread all over the world, right? So we might be meeting someone somewhere else completely in the world who actually was impacted because of that work in some place in Asia Minor, some place in Europe. But definitely the churches in those places also have continued as well. There are believers all over the world because of what started there and what spread from there. So yeah, it's like a small group of people. When he was writing to those churches, the congregations, we don't have specific numbers or maybe it's not mentioned in the New Testament, but all the letters that were written, even if they were written to one church, were usually passed on to the other churches. So even the New Testament, we'll cover a little bit of that later. The New Testament was finalized. It was already letters that everyone was aware of. The churches were already talking about the things that were written in these episodes. So the same things that were already being taught and being spoken about were just finalized as, this is going to be our scripture that we are going to adopt for the church. Now the letters that Paul wrote and he sent, right? Now were they just read out or were they like, like how we have this book written by Pastor Arshis? Was it like you have a teacher like you and then they're telling what they understood from this and towards the class or they're like that? Or just like, what is written there? Exactly, just read out to the crowd. As far as we know, it was probably just read, but I'm sure there was some, like, we can't just read the scripture by ourselves and fully understand it. We do depend on people who know more than us to help us understand it. In the same way, which is why he was raising up leaders. He was raising up Timothy and Titus and other people who were going with him who would understand what he was communicating and be able to help the church understand it better. So I'm sure that as they were reading it, they were also like expounding on what was said in the letters. Any questions from those online or anything you'll want to share? Just like takeaways from, we covered a lot of content from Acts. So, okay. We can move on then from there. Can you tell about this, this Antioch, which happened between this Banuvas and Paul a little more? Like what made them actually to go apart? Okay. Division. So all we know is whatever is recorded in scripture. So from scripture, all we can go back to that section. So that's at the end of the first, that's the start of the second missionary journey, right? So we can go back there and look a little bit at those passages. Let me just open it. Yeah. So we can open it in Acts to look at why I don't think this dispute is actually recorded there. Let's just see. Okay. So I'm in Acts 15. Yeah. Acts 15. Maybe I can just read it. You can open to it for sure. Acts 15 verse 1 says, certain people came down from Judea to Antioch and were teaching the believers unless you are circumcised according to the custom taught by Moses, you cannot be saved. Okay. So this is where Paul and Banuvas disagree with them and then they go into Jerusalem. Then they come back to the church and then from verse 36 onwards in chapter 15. Sometime later, Paul said to Banuvas, let us go back and visit the believers in all the towns where we preach the word of the Lord and see how they are doing. Banuvas wanted to take John also called Mark with them, but Paul did not think it wise to take him because he had deserted them in Pamphylia and had not continued with them in the work. They had such a sharp disagreement that they parted company. Banuvas took Mark in sail for Cyprus, but Paul chose Silas and they left, commended by the believers to the grace of the Lord. He went through Syria and Cilicia strengthening the churches. Okay. So Mark was related to Banuvas and so in that first journey when they went, it was the three of them, right? Going and we, when we looked at the map, they went to about three places and then they went to Pamphylia and then Mark left them from Pamphylia and went back to Jerusalem. Now we don't know why Mark left them, okay? But what is said here is he deserted them, which means he kind of abandoned them. It was not like he had to leave. It was an emergency. We don't know for sure, but what is recorded here is like, in the middle of the ministry, he just decided he was going to go for whatever reason, but it was almost like he left them by themselves and went off on his own way. It was not a good partition, at least with Paul. We don't know with Banuvas. So because Banuvas viewed Mark as he was a relative and a younger person, he could accept that and continue to care for Mark, recognizing, okay, whatever it was a mistake or it was a weakness or whatever it was, I'll continue to, I'll give him another chance. But from Paul's perspective, it was like he had failed in that mission. And because he had not been faithful to the team, Paul was not happy with taking him along. So I think Banuvas and Mark had a relationship where Paul didn't have that family relationship with him. So maybe there was more loyalty that Banuvas had towards Mark than Paul felt. Yeah, so the whole disagreement was because of Mark. There's no none of that, yeah. Yeah, yeah. So the main issue was that Mark had come in, the Mark had gone with them. Paul was not happy with Mark. Banuvas had some loyalty towards Mark and wanted him to continue in the work. Because Banuvas wanted Mark to go along, Paul refused to continue ministry with them. Oh, the journey, it's not there, or? Yeah, there's no more about Banuvas or Mark's work in acts after that. But Banuvas does continue to work and Paul does continue to show respect towards Banuvas. So that's what we see in 1st Corinthians where he refers to. So he does have respect towards Banuvas and Mark also continues to do work and he shows respect towards Mark also. Like he recognizes Mark's work. So even the passage we just read in 2 Timothy, at the end of his ministry and life, that last letter that he's writing, he mentions Mark in it. So something changed over time. So he might have seen Mark's change and that Mark continued in the ministry and then he was willing to accept him back. But at that time, he was unhappy about whatever Mark did. Yeah. Faster, so about Paul in Acts chapter 21 verse 10, like where this prophet he comes and tells Paul that something's going to happen to you if you go to Rome and all that. So then why does he go against it? Because he's a prophet. So he's a Holy Spirit that's speaking God, speaking through him. So is it like he disobeyed God or was he overconfident? Verse 21 verse 10 to 14. So yeah, Paul's response is there in verse 13. He says, why are you weeping and breaking my heart? I'm ready not only to be bound, but also to die in Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus. So Paul's goal here was clear that whatever was going to happen to him, he was willing to let it happen. So we also read, I don't remember the reference and we can look it up, but where he talks about before I enter every city, people warned me that there's going to be persecution, that there's going to be trouble. So he always knew that it was coming. So here also, he's like, I know that this, if it's going to come, let it come, but I'm going to continue the work. I'll go do what I've purpose to do. And if it means that death is what is awaiting me in Jerusalem, then it's fine. So he was willing to die. But that was not the time that he died, right? He still had so many more years of ministry even after that. At every city, I'll tell you, we actually covered that. Can you read that out, please? Mike.  Act 1810. Okay, I'll find the verse and tomorrow we can look at it. Okay, so yeah, anything? Which was all written by the Paul. It's like, it's the exact prince we have in Bible now. Whatever Paul wrote, is it? All of it is very close. So we don't have original, like the original text, but we have like the copies that were made. So as it was going to churches, they would make copies for the other churches, all of that. So we have copies and the copies are in very close agreement with each other. So we can say that it's very close to the original, even if there are changes throughout scripture, right? All of the changes are very minor, even if there are any differences in scripts, in the manuscripts, it's very minor. Nothing that is a doctrinal issue, nothing that is going to change what we believe. They removed any chapters like that, or I was asking. Whatever we have will be whatever is closest to the original. So whatever came into scripture was what was being used in the church at that time, right? So we can be very sure, confident of what is there in the text. Compared to the Old Testament writing and New Testament writing, like we see Paul here, was this easier to translate compared to that, or is it just about the same? Translate to English? Yeah, because Old Testament writing, I thought maybe different from the New Testament writing, where Paul is writing, right? That's why I asked if it's E. Hebrew to English, now our current Bibles are Hebrew to English. Yes, so there are Greek translations that are used to help in our interpretation, but otherwise it's Hebrew to English. So Hebrew is, I don't know, maybe you should ask some Hebrew. Because in English language, right? Look at the 18th century, the way I'm speaking was different. Then you come back to how we are now, it's where you're speaking is different. So I thought the same way might be that in the Old Testament, the way of how they spoke would be different, how they wrote would be different. And not like that. Like, yeah, the Akinja's version and Good News version, you see both, it's very different like that. So Hebrew is a little more descriptive. The language is a little more descriptive. It's not very strict in it. Use of grammar and all of that. So in those ways, there is a lot more interpretation when translations happen. And Greek is close to English also in the origin, like the way the language has developed. It's close to English. So it's easier to translate word for word in those kinds of ways. But I think because we also have the Greek translation, which was being used by the Jews, we have a sense of what the Hebrew text was. So all of those things help in the translation process, using the Greek translation and all that. Ma'am, in the next chapter, we're looking a bit about how the Bible was formed. I'm just going straight to the revivalist. Yeah, we won't look at that in detail. It's just like, I think like two lines. Okay. The canon was set in place. Ma'am, this question was like, we have, you told that the letters that was Paul written was spread to all the churches. Like how we can know it was spread to all the churches because he have wrote to certain church addressing certain issues, right? But how they can take the letter that was written for Corinth and apply to themselves? So it's like how we are taking it, right? It was written to Corinth for their context for the issues they were facing. But we are still looking at it and we are taking what are the main principles or what is Paul's teaching on a certain doctrine or a certain issue? What can we learn as a church tree? So there's that aspect of it, but there's also the aspect of it was a shared culture and shared timeline, even if they were in different places. So in some ways they were, they could take more because they were facing similar things. They were facing persecution, different things like that. So there would be certain things that for them would be very relevant at that time. For us, we are learning more in principle. Is there any scripture to back up? There isn't scripture, but there is history. So if we look at historical records of how the, and I can look more into it also tomorrow, I can talk more about it. But that's how the canon of the New Testament was decided was because they had already accepted these books and letters within the church. They'd already been talking about it. They'd already kind of agreed that it was authoritative. So it was already there in the church. They, all they were doing was saying, okay, these are the books we're going to say, come into agreement of these are going to be the canon of scripture. So there were other letters that were rejected because it was not, from Paul, I'm not sure, but there were other books that were there, other letters that were there that they considered as maybe we don't need to put this part of the canon. So ma'am, how does this letter working thing there, how does the Paul letter that is, because some like passage you see the last passage, he says that this I did my own handwriting. So how did the process work? So usually he was just narrating and somebody else was writing for him. So that last part of writing and saying, this is my thing was kind of his stamp of this is original from me. It's not somebody else has written it and saying it's written by Paul. That was just too, yeah. It comes out in the 16th verse from Acts 16 verse 6 to 10. Verse 6 to 10. Okay, this is where the Holy Spirit didn't allow them to go to another place, right? So I think this is in one of his letters because he is saying it about his own journeys. He says in every place that we are going to people warn us about persecution and all that, I still continue to go there. So we all have to find which letter it's in. Yeah, the Holy Spirit. To these places. Yeah, to Malaysia and Trigia. Yeah, that your book has a map of all the places he visited and how many times and in which journey he visited them. We didn't look at that map, but yeah, it's there. Okay, so we'll move on to chapter three. Okay, so we've finished the book of Acts, which was like the early years after Jesus's resurrection and the Pentecost, all of that, the church began, right? So from there until now, several thousands of years, 2000 years and more have happened and God has continued to move in these 2000 years. And there have been different events and different people through whom God moved, right? And he has revealed new things. He's brought restoration to the church and restoring us to that original church in Acts of his Holy Spirit being poured out. So we are going to look at some of the main events. There's lots of things that have happened, but we obviously can't cover everything. So here we only look at key things that happened, key people that were involved in it. So we look at the early church fathers. We look at the reformers that come after the whole Catholic church era. Then we look at revivalists post the Reformation and then missionaries who have impacted the church. So all of these things are connected. So Reformation to revival, to restoration of the church, to missions and church growth. All of those things are connected. Where truth came back to the church through the Reformation, that sparked revivals, right? So truth brings revival, revival brings restoration, restoration brings missions and missions brings church growth. Okay, so we look at how all of these things are connected. Why it's important to do this? So we look at a few passages. Do you try on me 4-9? Can somebody read that, please? Only take heed to yourself and legitimately keep yourself, lest you forget the things your eyes have seen, unless they depart from your heart all the days of your life. And please them to your children and your grandchildren. So we see a right at the start when God is establishing this relationship with Israelites, this commandment to pass it on from generation to generation. Because if God reveals himself to one group of people and it's not passed on, then each generation is trying to get the same revelation. Like there's no possibility of moving on in revelation and growing in revelation, right? So the idea is God has revealed himself, you pass this on to the following generations, and then there's place for greater revelation for us to grow in our knowledge and understanding of God. Which is why scripture is so powerful for us. We can look back at it and we have this revelation of God from the time of creation to even future, like the future, right? What we haven't yet seen. We have all of this knowledge that is revealed to us. Joshua 4.1-7, can someone read that please? And it came to pass when all the people had completely crossed over the Jordan. That the Lord spoke to Joshua saying, Take for yourselves 12 men from the people, one man from Evertide, and command them saying, Take for yourselves 12 stones from here, out of the midst of the Jordan, for the place where the priest feet stood firm.  Then Joshua called 12 men whom he had appointed from the children of Israel, one man from every tribe. And Joshua said to them, Cross over before the ark of the Lord your God into the midst of the Jordan and each one of you take up a stone on his shoulder. According to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel, that this may be a sign among you when your children ask in time to come saying, What do these stones mean to you? Then you shall answer them that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the Lord when it crossed over the Jordan. The waters of the Jordan were cut off. And these stones shall be for memorial to the children of Israel forever. Okay, so here we see again God commanding the people of Israel to do something, right? So in the previous one it was to tell the succeeding generations, their children and their grandchildren to pass on the stories. Here it's like a physical structure that is being built to be a place of remembrance. So when people go back to that place, so when they see those stones, there's an opportunity for that story to be retold. So apart from speaking, there's also physical things. So like Sean asked, is there a physical church that we can go visit? So the benefit of having that while there is an absence of the physical church, when there is a physical church, we go back and we can retell the things that have happened in that place, the things that God has done. So we'll go on to Psalm 44 and 4, if someone can read that. We have heard with our ears, O God, our fathers have told us, the deeds you did in their days, in days of old, you draw out the nations with your hand, but then you planted. You afflicted the peoples and cast them out, for they did not gain possession of the land by their own sword, nor did their own arm save them, but it was your right hand, your arm, and the light of your continents.  Okay, so here it tells us when we look at what God has done in the past, then we have faith to fight the battles in our day. Right? And we can believe God for things even greater than what we have faced. So that's why it's important for us to look at all of these things. And apart from what is mentioned here, there are other things like, if we look at the heresies, we look a little bit at the heresies that were there in the early church. A lot of what is taught wrongly nowadays is similar to that. So it's so important for us to know what happened there, how did the people, how did the early church fathers respond? What did they teach the church to make sure that the church was following truth? When we know those things, then when we face the same things today, we don't have to go back and start searching for answers. We already have the answers to give two wrong teaching that's coming into the church. So we'll start with this tomorrow, and I'll give you the reference for what we talked about as well. Thank you, everyone. Thank you to those joined us on Google. Want to just take the mic so it's for whoever's online. The first one is like there are spiritual journey. We have to write about the spiritual journey, but for there is no spiritual journey recorded or written off like the one that I choose. Who did you pick? Jonathan. Go forth. Go forth. Okay. There's nothing much about his spiritual and like his encounters with God. There's nothing much. Okay, so I'll just look up. I'll see if I can find some things and then I'll get back to you. Okay. Is there any criteria that like we have to do in this many slides? No, there's no slide limit. There's just a time limit. So if you whatever you can finish within five to seven minutes are given you. So how much ever you can finish within that time is fine. Yeah, and if you feel that a PowerPoint presentation is going to help, then feel free to use it. If there is any point like so we have to submit the PowerPoint and then this doc also would what we are presenting, what we are talking. You don't have to submit the document. If you want to submit a document, you can. Like in the class, when this class is happening in the starting, we have to hear the screen of our presentation. Yeah, if you're doing a PowerPoint, you can join on Google Classroom and share and present. Yeah, so for those on Google Classroom, those joining us online, if on the day of your presentation, you can be prepared to actually talk for those five or seven minutes. If you have a PowerPoint presentation, you can share that. If you don't have a PowerPoint presentation, you can just be prepared to like have your video on and to be able to speak for that time. I'll just have to find out about permissions for sharing screen. I'm not sure how that works for everyone, but I'm sure we'll be able to figure that out. I'll just have to change. Yeah, meaning like just like permission wise, you'll be allowed to share. Okay, that is fine. That you can go ahead and check. Okay, you had a question? Okay, thank you.


This is not a drill!  Getting everybody looking, but we need to act fast before he escapes the road, or worse. He's coming back with an army. So, we can repair ourselves. And now for the final stop. Doctor.


Block Show Age a conference here in Singapore and the highest tier of blockchain conferences that are happening today So I think Block Show is quite impressive and that's exciting having a really good time It's really great to see just so many people involved and excited to be chatting to someone at this conference It was just being fantastic by the way. It's cool conference. Yeah, I like it


Hi guys, this is Rich from risk to be live and you can see here that in diva Announces plans to open cannabis dispensaries in Ontario Indiva is another cannabis stock that I've been looking at that has a lot of potential and here it is in diva limited NDV a so 87 cents You can see it's really climbed from a bottom of 57 cents in July So be careful of the trend reversal, but right now all the indicators are giving you a sell The news itself though is pretty big on this company And I want to bring you the news because the news are the reason that that you know that you guys are watching so What is it that is bringing this? Attention and why is this cannabis stock? Just getting started if you want to find out all the information you can go to www.richtvlive.com hover over stocks all the tools you need are right there absolutely free and if you click on Some of these indicators we could go to trading view for example And we go to charts and let's do and diva and Diva 87 cents so if we go over the last year You can see here that it's been as low as It's been in the 50s. Okay. It's been over a dollar as high as a dollar 29 and we're currently at 87 cents So it's definitely coming from a bottom. It started to create some momentum. Okay. Now the big news is right here. I Just broke today the company in diva on the TSX and DVA is pleased to announce plans to open up to 10 cannabis dispensaries in Ontario in 2019 that's right 10 up to 10 cannabis dispensaries in Ontario in 2019 leases in Ontario and Ottawa have been secured and leases in Toronto are under negotiation By having retail outlets, we will add an additional revenue stream grow brand awareness and promote client loyalty We are moving quickly to sign leases in areas of high traffic and high population density in Ontario This is the company COO and GC Kobe Smut yeah, yo Subject to applicable laws our dispensaries will carry cannabis products we produce cannabis products of other licensed producers and accessories And diva is working with a design and fabrication firm that has worked with top brands including Nordstrom Louis Vuitton Ray-Ban and J crew we believe this experience will help us create and deliver an awesome retail experience to our clients Says the COO about in diva and diva's wholly owned subsidiary is a licensed producer under Canada's Access to cannabis for medical purposes regulation once again the ACMP are Otherwise known as green gold and diva's mission is to offer cannabis products that have a positive impact improve lives and communities What do you think about in diva? I think it has the potential to be a big winner. What do you think? Ndva and if you go to rich TV live and you want to join our communities You can just go to hover over contact and literally join all of our communities right there We have booming communities growing everywhere People wanting the winners people wanting the picks now. Let's just say we go to TSX I'd like to show you guys how to use this and you click on get quote and you hit Ndva and Diva limited and all of this is thanks to YouTube without YouTube None of this is possible the greatest streaming platform in the universe. Thank you YouTube so in diva and Dva on The TSX Let's hit go and if you scroll down and There is and diva so I Like the fact that there's only 80 million shares out and the fact that it said 87 cents with 80 million shares out really Tells me that it's tightly held and this is the type of stock that could explode. I like that I like stocks with tightly held shares I also like to invest in stocks and companies that are licensed producers that are at relatively low prices and As you can see over the last year, it's been way higher We've seen it's been over a dollar and it's currently been way lower. It's been at 59 So be careful. It could come back down But long term do you think this could be a winner if you do smash the like button share this video everywhere? Comment down below. Do you think it's a winner? I do not own this stock. I have not been hired for this video I'm strictly just looking to see your opinion. So please comment down below Let me know if you own this stock. Are you looking at the stock? Do you like this stock? I think the news is big news. You can see it's everywhere It's also here on trading view and it is on new cannabis ventures So this news is circulating, but yet the indicators are saying strong sell. So let's take a look at bar chart See what they say and dba There it is in diva on the TSX venture a 40% buy so the indicators are starting to show some strength But tons of strength, but they are starting to show some strength And if we look at the indications over the last month, it's up 16% Over the last three months up 55% and over the last year up 55% So I do believe this could be a big winner in diva limited is engaged in supplying medical cannabis The company offers dried cannabis flowers and oils It also offers sativas Indicas and hybrids the company operates in one segment. That is the production of medical marijuana I like it and if we go and search The Toronto star cannabis countdown. We see that we are see how far are we from history? we are 22 days 10 hours 49 minutes and 33 seconds away from history and Your boy rich is looking at all the winners every day. Let's see what all the winners look like today Guys create a watch list Ladies gentlemen, everyone of all ages create a watch list write down all the picks Here are all the picks absolutely free all the winners for you to get Right here at rich tv live Absolutely free. Thank you for watching.  We bring you all the winners first Thank you for watching This is your boy rich if you're not winning You're not watching and diva with some big news up to 10 dispensaries to open up in Ontario. It's true I'm out. Peace