Good day, my lovely listeners! You are listening to the Forty Autie podcast. Tune in every week to explore inspiring stories and insightful information that dive headfirst into the world of autism and mental health. With all those tantalising tongue twisters out of the way, let's get into the show. Hello my wonderful listeners and welcome back to the Forty Autie podcast. Today I have a really amazing episode for you. I am going to be talking to someone who has had a massive impact on myself in my early advocacy days. Someone who I would consider one of the OG autism advocates who really made an impact on autism in the world as we see it. So today our topic is 20th century versus 21st century autism advocacy and I am going to be talking to Temple Grandin. So, with the massive time difference that we have, it has taken us a few times to try and figure out how to get on and chat to each other. Temple, how are you doing today? Well, I am doing just fine. I just got in from an autism talk in Canada. It was my first trip to Canada since the pandemic. Very nice meeting with teachers. The particular meeting was about all kinds of disabilities. So they had a display there of things help blind people to read and other really interesting things. It was a good meeting. I was there yesterday. Wow, I've never actually been to the States or I've never been to Canada or any place like that. The only places that I've really travelled is Southeast Asia and a little bit around Europe. Oh, okay. Are you travelling now? Because the pandemic seems like it's kind of winding down. I've been travelling normally within the US for just over a year now. I think we're allowed to travel definitely at this time. I recently had a holiday in Turkey, which was really interesting. I've only really been in the summer and it was the winter this time. How was Turkey? What did you do there? That sounds really interesting. We did a lot to be honest. We did a lot of walking, as you can imagine. There's this really amazing place called Kaya, which is like this massive sort of expansive valley. And Turkey is primarily a Muslim country. So they have the call to prayer at the end of every day to sort of signal that they have to stop fasting for Ramadan. And because of the valley and just how expansive it is, it just echoes throughout the whole valley. And it's a really amazing sort of experience. I've never been to Turkey, but I've been to UK many times all over Europe, Australia, South America. What part of the UK did you visit? Well, I've been to Scotland, London, number of different meetings, animal ethology, animal behavior meetings in the UK. That's really cool. I live in the north of England, so I live in Yorkshire. Well, I've been to Yorkshire a long time ago in the 70s. It's a very beautiful sort of countryside and stuff. It's very nice. So I suppose what I want to ask you is, you know, you've had a very long sort of extensive career in animal sciences, but you've also done a lot for autism, a lot of autism. Yes, I'm doing many, many talks. In fact, the talk I did yesterday in Canada, right, at Niagara Falls, I got to see Niagara Falls. I've never seen it before. And it was mainly teachers at this meeting. There was school board people there, so that was strictly an autism talk. You know, I do a lot of things on autism and then of course I've got some of my popular books like The Autistic Brain, Thinking in Pictures. So I've been doing lots of talks. I've talked to universities. I've talked to a lot of business groups, April's Autism Month in the US, big companies like S&P, IBM Computer. What's been interesting when it comes to hiring people that are neurodiverse, the tech sector, the computer companies, they've really reached out. They know they need that talent and the financial sector has reached out. And these are the sectors that would hire the mathematically gifted people on the spectrum. Sure. I can definitely say that I'm not one of those mathematically gifted autistic people. I am not either. And this brings up another big thing I talk about. And I got a new book coming out called Visual Thinking. And it's about the different kinds of thinking. I'm an object visualizer. If you watch the HBO movie about me, Temple Grandin, it shows how I think visually. And I'm an extreme object visualizer. I can't do math, higher math. So that makes me good at art, animals, photography, mechanics. Then you've got your mathematical person that's got autism, your mathematical mind, your computer programmers, chemists, physicists. They often are good at music. And then you have the word-based person who's on the spectrum, who loves facts about different things. History is often a favorite subject. And I made the mistake when I originally wrote Thinking in Pictures over 20 years ago, of thinking everybody on the spectrum thought in pictures the way I did. That's wrong. Yes. It's a subgroup that thinks in pictures. And then there's a group that's more of the mathematical pattern thinkers. And then there are word thinkers. That's really interesting. What kind of category would you put me in? Because most of the stuff that I do is... I don't know enough about you. It tends to... The visual thinkers like me, I know a lot of them in real high-end skilled traits. I've worked with large companies on installing cattle handling facilities. And I worked with brilliant people that were laying out entire plants, people that were inventing equipment and patenting it. That'd be my kind of mind. And some of these people were on the autism spectrum, undiagnosed. And then you've got the computer people working for the tech companies. The first thing I'd ask you is, what were your best subjects in school? Where I'd start trying to figure out the kind of thinker you are. It was philosophy, physical education, chemistry, biology and physics. Okay, now philosophy is definitely verbal. Chemistry's got a lot of math on it. Education, that could be anybody. Visual thinkers like me can't do algebra. And I'm very, very concerned that my kind of mind is getting screened out of a lot of things. Because real high or abstract math, I can't do. But there's things that I can do that I'm very good at, that the mathematicians are not able to do. Yeah, it seems to be a really big problem nowadays. Even for other neurodiverse people like ADHD or dyspraxia or a whole host of different people, they seem to, like the education system seems to be very rigid in their approach. Well, it's very verbal oriented. Yeah. Because I worked with people that were designing entire big beef plants and other things. I'm going to estimate about 20% of the people that I've worked with that can build anything, whether autistic, dyslexic or ADHD. And the problem is, industry needs them. I talked to a lady just a couple of days ago, Gerber Baby Food Factory, and they have problems of finding people to fix equipment. Yeah. We've got the same problem in the meat industry right now. The people I work with are retiring. Nobody's replacing them. Because they took all the skilled trades things out of schools in some of our states. Some of our states are putting it back in. And skilled trades aren't for everybody. Sure. But how do you know if you don't try things? Often there's like a really big barrier to entry that's quite theoretical and exact. Well, you see, the things I did with cattle handling, there was no academic barrier to entry in that. Sure. Yeah. They considered industrial process equipment. And if they make an academic barrier to entry on industrial process equipment, I don't care what industry you're in. You're going to be in big trouble. Sure. Because the visual thinker like me is the one that invents mechanically complicated equipment. Yeah. In fact, if you want a poultry processing plant right now in the U.S., you're going to import all the equipment from the Netherlands, from Holland. Yeah. And there's a reason for that. They did not take out the skilled trades. That's why that equipment now, and it's mechanically clever equipment comes from Holland. That's really interesting. Because Holland has quite a, like their structure seems very different to any of the countries that I've been to. Do you think there's anything particular about the Netherlands that is, or Holland is particular, like why they produce such good machine? Well, right now, the Holland's, you know, I went to two, just before COVID hit, I went to two Staley Art brand new pork processing plants. Mostly equipment there came from Holland. You see, there's like two parts of engineering. There's the mathematical part, because you look at a food processing plant, and I've been in tons of them. The mathematicians designed that boilers through refrigeration, power and water requirements, make sure the building doesn't fall down. Yeah. But then all of the equipment that goes inside the plant, mechanically clever equipment, not made by the mathematically inclined engineers. And this is something that educators just don't realize. In fact, if you look back at old patents in my new book on visual thinking, that you can pre-order right now on Amazon.com in the US, just put visual thinking and then my name, Temple Grandin. It's very good. You go back in history, the patent office in the US, they originally required that you submit a scale working model of your invention. Wow. Now that's not the mathematical kind of minds. Mostly early patents were coming out of the people that were probably non-mathematicians. Think back to things like printing press, and that was too early to even be patented, but mechanically clever equipment. And we've got a problem right now on people to fix factors. You can't find them. I can tell you where they're at, they're playing video games, autism label, when they ought to be fixing factors, all types of factors. That's really interesting. I've done a lot of advocacy in the workplace, work that I've done tends to be around things related to the media industry, because I know a couple of autistic people who work for the BBC or do their own independent related media stuff. One of the big issues that I've really found is that there's a lot of push for diversity in the workplace. Yeah, we're getting that. We have that too. But they don't tend to focus a lot on the inclusion aspects, like the positive reasonable adjustments so that it can get the most out of each person. What I'm finding in the workplace, and I've been doing a lot of workplace talks, is it seems like the financial sector, they can really use the mathematical type of autistic and a computer sector, they know they need that talent. Now you get into what I'm going to call services and consumer products, and I'm not going to mention any names. In that situation, it's sort of more, they're just talking about it, rather than actually doing something about it. And then you get the very creative sector. I visited Pixar one time. You can definitely see the visual thinking there, just how the offices are decorated between a company like Pixar, and then you go into strictly a computer company. Computer guys, oh, they might put a few geometric patterns on the wall. But you go into Pixar, they've ripped out all the office cubicles, and one person has the tiki hut, the next one has a Star Trek cubicle. No, I'm not kidding. You see, those are more my kind of mind. You know, a visual creativity. But the thing is, businesses need these different kinds of minds. And when I talk to corporations, they say, what's the first thing we have to do? The first thing is you have to realize different minds exist. And there's scientific research, and I've outlined it in this book, The Autistic Brain, and it shows that my kind of brain, the object visualizer, is different than the pattern mathematical thing. There's scientific research that backs that up, and they have very different skills. And I've been involved with the livestock industry for 50 years right now. I've got a plant right now that I've got a real mess with the equipment. And I just talked to a guy just recently who's pushing 70. He's got to be looking at it very, very soon to see if he can fix it. You know, for confidentiality reasons, I have to be somewhat vague about what it is. But this is a serious problem. And I've talked to people in the car industry and other industries too. It's not just a meat industry issue. It goes across all kinds of factories. Wow. I definitely wasn't aware of that. I mean, a lot of the statistics that I look at is mostly around unemployment. It seems to be that autistic people are really struggling to find jobs. Well, the thing I learned is the way I got jobs is I showed off a portfolio of my work. You know, the way I got jobs when I first started in the cattle industry is I basically would show people my drawings. Very nice. I would just show off my drawings. And when people, I would sell my work. Now, let's say your talent was in computer programming. Oh, now you'd have it on a computer rather than paper. You'd show off your best paragraphs of code, neatly titled to say what they're for, where someone can look at it and go, well, but you don't show this stuff to the human resources department. You've got to show it to the engineering department. Or if it's Pixar or the art, you know, the people that make the movies department, not human resources, where they look at that and they go, wow. So it's a lot about picking and choosing and sort of finding a way to get around the typical sort of route into the workplace. Oh, you have to like get around the whole interview thing. That's not the way to get in. Now I have a slide when I talk to business people, parents and stuff on how to help the person who's different. I have no working memory. So I need a checklist of what I have to do. Yeah, me too. I need a checklist. And that's a very, very simple thing to do. I said, okay, let me just write down the steps on how to unjam the copier machine. Yeah. So I just write down the steps. And I just heard about a guy who had worked for years building fences for a fencing contractor, got a new boss and lost his job because the boss was, boo, boo, boo, boo, boo, boo, boo. This is what we want you to build today. And he did it wrong. Yeah. Because he wasn't able to write it down. But long strings of verbal instruction does not work. And there's certain jobs to avoid like super crazy busy out stuff where that's too much multitasking. I definitely agree with you. Like one of the reasonable adjustments that I have at my workplace, I work for an inclusion charity in the UK. And one of the reasonable adjustments that I have is, if someone asks me to do stuff, they have to bullet point the things that they want me to do. Well, that's exactly what I do. And I somehow figured this out. Like let's say I'm doing a big job. We're going to remodel some stuff. And then I have to figure out what part of the structure we keep, what part we tear out. And I sort of write down exactly what they want this job to do by jet. I'll do the designing. The railroad right away measurements, you know, stuff like that. And, and I've had, you know, people talk about self advocacy. I get specific. You know, on the thing with the checklist, I would just tell a boss, let me just write it down like a pilot's checklist. And if the boss box at it, I can say, you know, for pilots, checklists are not option. They have to use it. Well, a lot of people don't even know that. Pilots have to use a checklist for every single flight. Wow. And it's the law in the entire world of aviation. Wow.  All right. Let me write down exactly what you want me to build. It would take two minutes at the beginning of each day. Just write down some bullet points of what they want to build that day. Yeah. And that would, that would be, that would definitely be ideal for me. Well, that's a simple thing to do because I got, I was handling advertising for a feedlot construction company early in my career and I designed brochures wrong and the boss was annoyed about it. So I said, now let me just write down exactly what you want. And I did that. And it took maybe two minutes. Yeah. That solved a lot of problems. I also find that it actually helps a lot of other people be more specific with what they want because, you know, prior to me, you know, asking, asking my coworkers to send me bullet points, it would just be long paragraphs of text. No, no, no, I don't want that. I want it more like a pilot checklist. Yeah. I don't want long paragraphs. Yeah. And, and I, but what I found worked the best is to just talk to them verbally and say, okay, now this, this, this. Yeah. And it might be one sentence per bullet point. Yeah. Yeah. And that's a very, very simple thing to do. It doesn't, it doesn't require a lot of extra work. No, it's not extra work. You're talking about, it makes it easier like, makes it easy for the person trying to communicate because they have to be really specific with what they want and they have to. Fageness does not work. It's just that vagueness does not work. And the verbal mind I'm learning tends to over generalize. They over generalize. Sure. Like we got to have inclusion, but you don't discuss how you're going to do it. Yeah. Now having spent years on marketing equipment to people. The other thing I found is people want the magic equipment more than they want the management to go along with that piece of equipment. Yeah. I call it wanting the thing more than the management. Sure. But how do I sell equipment? Well, you need it. I can reduce labor requirements. I can reduce accidents. Oh, it's really big on insurance claims figures. You know, I'd give them, and I'm in some of these other skills that people on a spectrum have. I can tell you these factories need them. Yeah. We have factories where people don't know how to fix things. There's two parts of engineering. There's the visual part that cannot do the math.  And then there's the degree mathematician. You take the college education, the greed mathematician out on a job and just put him to supervise that concrete work. I have seen some of the worst concrete work you could ever see. I can imagine. Young kid out of college getting ripped off by contractors. Been there, seen that. You see, this is where you really need the different kinds of minds. You see, also I'm a bottom-up thinker. I think in specific examples. And then if I get enough specific examples, I start putting them into columns like on a spreadsheet. Yeah, yeah. Now, I need that mathematician to figure out my power requirements. You see, this is where you need to have the whole team. And you need to realize that these are complementary skills. Got the different, different cogs for different, different tasks. Well, you need that. You need the different kinds of minds. And I looked at a building just the other day. I normally don't do stuff on building an old metal building where it was bolted to the concrete foundation. I looked at that and I said, if I try to turn those bolts, that entire connector is going to crumble. I won't even have something to attach the new beam to. Yeah. I won't even turn the bolts on that building. I was looking at that just the other day. I said, I am not a structural engineer, but I can tell you right now, if I turn those bolts, they may just crumble off. And I don't even have anything to attach the new beams to. Sure. It'd be a real mess. Yeah. You see that? I can see that. So I watched an interview video that you did with Iowa PBS called The Life Autistic. Within the interview, you were talking about how work and social skills were taught in your generation and how that led to less diagnosis and better life skills. In modern online autism advocacy circles, there's a lot of talk around the ideas of masking social camouflage and discrimination. And so it seems to be developed or geared more towards developing a positive sense of self and fighting for the right to be accepted for our differences. Well, for example, well-being and self-advocacy seem to be more important than life skills according to the talks that we generally have. So what I really want to know is, in the frame of autism back then and autism now, what things really worked for you as an autistic person and what areas of your life do you think you could have developed better? Well, I do not do well with high-speed social chit-chat talk, where three or four people get together and it tends to have very little contact. High-speed social chit-chat talk, I can't do that. It goes too fast. Sure. Now, what they did in the fifties is there was a lot of teaching of manners and this was not stressful. Like, I watched a person on the spectrum just the other day.   Yeah. And smushed up all the ice cream and the cake where nobody else wanted to touch it. There's no reason to do that. No. It was just kind of disgusting. It was just the other day with a student. And I said, look, don't do something sloppy like that. Yeah. I'm not suggesting you'd be social butterfly, but you made a mess in it, you know, or I suggested in the future, her to take a knife and cut off a portion and put it on her plate on a shared dessert. Sure. You know, but this is just, see my mind thinks in specific examples. Why have such disgusting table manners that it really turns people off? There's just no reason for that. Yeah. And it's not stressful to learn how to do things like that. That's an example of, you know, 50s upbringing. Yeah. You know, you'd say, well, if you have a shared, this was cake. So you could easily like eat off one side of it and not eat with the other person to touch. Yeah. And you say, now I'm seeing the dessert right now. I'm seeing the restaurant we were at is real, real recent. Yeah. And the other thing on masking and stress, I have horrible problems with anxiety. Horrible. Yeah. And as I went through my 20s, it got worse and worse and worse and worse. And in my thinking and pictures, which is available in the UK in all formats, I described my experiences and I depressed medication. It saved me. Yeah. It stopped horrible colitis attacks. Horrible. Health was just a mess. I'm sorry to hear about that. It was absolutely a mess. And, and, you know, so I think some of the masking thing is anxiety.  Yeah.  And when I said, yes, I can design that dipping that project that was shown in the movie. I had no idea how to do the concrete work. I got on that phone. And I found somebody could send the official engineer drawings for the concrete work. I designed the cattle part of it. The special ramp in it. I designed that. But how much rebar or reinforcement rod, but you can't be there. No idea. No, I got an engineer drawing for that. I'm, but I was, I really wanted to prove to people I was not. Stupid. I can do it. And for me, my sense of identity is career. And I'm saying a lot of, and some of the most fun stuff I ever did was in construction. Funnest stuff we ever did. You see, that's friends who shared interest. I was bullied horribly in high school horribly. Called all kinds of names like tape recorder. People don't even know what a tape recorder is now. Big thing with reels like this. That you record on. And they called me that because I would keep using the same phrases. Yeah. So I'd walk across the cafeteria and they go tape recorder. And it was horrible. And the only places I was not bullied. Was on. Horses. Yeah. Model rockets and electronics. Okay. Horses may be too expensive for a lot of people. The electronics projects were not. So your, your interests were kind of the, the driving force. You were kind of, well, yeah, but the thing is, how does it work? You know, you're kind of the, the driving force. You're kind of, well, yeah, but the thing is how to get interested in horses, model rockets and electronics. I got exposed to them. Sure. A lot of kids don't get exposed to enough stuff to figure out what they might be interested in or go to add. Now, the thing that I'm, I'll be 75 this summer. Yeah. I went to airport security last, last night on the budget airline and. Oh, that's all it is.  I have to be so happy. After August 29th, I'll never have to take a shoe off. We use to the airport in the U S ever again. Is it something I don't like? And sometimes they don't have any chairs. Yeah. Yeah. Um, but I look at other people that I worked with. That are undiagnosed. Autistics. Yeah.  And these people, one of the guys with the corporate jet, and I have to be totally vague on what he does because none of these people are declared. We had a half an hour discussion. He's in his 70s. A half an hour discussion on every label he would have been made. You name the label, he would have had it. He's my juvenile delinquent, autistic, dyslexic, ADHD, horrible student. And he started out cleaning equipment at a food factory. Now he owns a big food factory with the jillions of patented devices. His patent said it. You see, this is, it's sort of like, I think one thing that concerns me is students today don't get exposed to enough different things to find out what they like welding or hate it. But you wouldn't know unless you try it. Yeah. There's a lot more computer programming. I've seen parents where they're so locked into the label, they, they don't, they won't think to teach their kid computer programming even though they were programmers and the kids are genius in math and you don't teach them computer programming and your computer programmers. Really? So they, there's certain social things I don't do. I don't do bar scene. I don't, I, I can't hear in those situations. You see, for me, I've really done a lot of thinking about identity, it's career, being a scientist. I've done things to improve the livestock industry. I've had parents say to me, oh, they read my book and their kid went to college or their kid, you know, this, it's, I am what I do. And I got into a niche of engineering where I can do engineering without a math stuff. I now have found this scientific research that demonstrates those two different kinds of parts of designing stuff. I'm, it's, it's sort of like, I can't make myself social. I see this side effect of medication right now. There's certain social things I don't do, but I've gotten satisfaction in life through doing interesting things and things that I make things better. Like just telling employers and teachers about using the pilot checklist. So that's a very simple thing. They can prevent a lot of jobs from getting lost. That costs nothing. Yeah. Very simple thing. You see, I don't think in, in Vegas, but then I'm looking at the student that ate this dessert in a very disgusting manner just recently. There's no excuse for that. I don't have to accept it. Mushing up the ice cream and the cake all together squashed together. Nobody else is going to want to eat it.  I'm very carefully taking it off the other side. So don't, you know, now you might say, well, COVID shouldn't be sharing a dessert. So, but I was a huge two pieces of chocolate cake with vanilla ice cream and chocolate sauce drizzled all over it. I could, I could do with that. And, and enough there for four people. But the way she made a mess in that, why have disgusting table manners be something to hold you back? That's not stressful. That I don't even consider that masking. Now, the thing I can't do is just chit chat. Three people at a table. The other three are talking really fast chit chatting. There's kind of a rhythmic laughing they do that having such a good time. I can't follow it. They just, they just get it out of there.  Yeah, I definitely find that myself. Like I definitely gravitate towards conversations more, more one to one. I do too. Yeah. Then. I do too. I was on a plane the other night, sat next to a lady construction manager. We had a great two hour flight, concrete forming systems, tilt up warehouse construction and problems with it. Yeah. That was a great flight. Conversation about something rather than a conversation for conversations. Well, that's, that's just it. You see, and I think some of the masking stuff is where a person's trying to do that chit chat conversation. And that would be really stressful. You see, I think we have to look at what masking is.  You know, why do that? Yeah. Yeah.  Do you think that there was some, like what, what do you think? Because personally for me, I have quite severe depression and anxiety that was, was, was caused by the bullying and isolation that I experienced at secondary school. And the issue was for me is that I, I have always had it even from a very young age. A really, really, really big interest in other people, you know, the psychology of people, how people work and how to get on with them and make friends. And I've done quite a lot of work in my time on things such as cognitive, cognitive empathy, reading people. And I've had a lot of practice sort of out there in, in group situations, in, at parties, talking to people that I don't know and, and chit chatting and stuff.   There's quite a few people on spectrum that are good at that. That's good. Yeah. And my mom, my mom has always been really great. She's always introduced me to different, different hobbies and stuff and different, you know, within those hobbies, we have other people that you can talk to about the things and sort of slowly build those social skills up. Well, and I did a lot of things like that too, and the friends who shared interests. And fortunately, when I was in elementary school or what you'd call primary school, my third grade teacher when I was eight years old, really good teacher, explained to the other students that had a disability that was not visible like a wheelchair. Yeah. And that's called peer mediated intervention, actually a fancy name. And so I managed to not be bullied in elementary school or primary school, but went by the 14, 15, 16 years old secondary school that was the worst part of my life. And, and, and the only places I was not bullied was the friends who shared interests. Yeah. Forces, electronics and a lot of rockets for another child.  He's in band and he's a music concert and he's love it.  But where things have been good or a whole lot better is when there's a lot of, there's a shared activities they can do. It is a really big issue, bullying and. Oh, it's terrible, it's absolutely terrible. Even rates of severe mental health and, and suicidality even, even at a very young age is something that occurs way too regularly.  And, and, you know, developing these, these mental health conditions. Well, no, it's completely terrible. And the thing that saved me is even in a career. Okay.  Now I have the managers, but I have since learned and I didn't know that when I was sitting around in a job trailer, you know, discussing this kind of stuff, shared interests, I didn't realize that the people we were calling suits, the managers were verbal thinkers and the way they think is totally different. They over generalize and they don't, they'll make decisions or they don't have enough detail to make a decision. But you also seem to need the verbal mind to organize things because these successful people that where they grew their welding expertise into a big business, they have to hire some suits just and they do normally. And now that I know more about how people think, I'm finding this very, very interesting. And then you get the right leader in there, they can really, really work together. But the thing that saved me was friends who shared interests, same thing that worked. You know, we would talk about animal behavior research, stuff like that. That's making up new studies to do an animal behavior like I did study 25 years ago, my student did it, I thought it up. And I said, well, I think cattle, they jump all around when you handle them, they're going to have lower weight gain. People thought I was crazy. Well, that's been replicated a whole bunch of times now. But you see that, that again is queer related. And where I've had, you know, this is a book different, not less. This is 18 people in the US. Well, actually it's one in the UK. Actually it was a veterinarian where getting diagnosed later in life gave them insight into their relationships, you know, and why they weren't getting along. And I edited this book that wrote in their own words. I learned a lot from this, too, about how I think differently. It's my main emotion is fear. Okay, yes, Steve, for example, okay, I went to Canada and I've been out of the country for two and a half years. Now I'm not going to say I freaked out as we approached customers, but I mean, I'm going on a bit, I'll be just fine. You know, it's, fear is my main emotion. And there's like an emotional complexity that most people have that I don't have. It's kind of, it kind of sounds like, because I do a lot, I've done a lot of reading into a concept called Alexofymia, which I think is- I don't know what that is because you tell me what it is. Sure. It's the ability to recognize and categorize your own emotions. And it's something that is very, very highly correlated with autism.  So it's, so for example, if you have a threshold of anxiety from zero to 100, 100 being complete meltdown, complete, can't do anything. And most people, they're threshold for noticing when the anxiety sort of increases would be like maybe 20, 30, 40%. Whereas for autistic people, our threshold is a lot higher. So it takes, you know, it takes a lot more time for us to notice or a lot more strong emotions to notice them. And, you know, that, you know, Well, the other thing I find a lot of my problems is that a lot of problems I have, I don't have any processors.  This car I got, it's got proximity sensors. Then I take the seatbelt off to try to reach the thing, the stick, the credit card in it that didn't work. So now I get the seatbelt thing going off, proximity sensor going off, going to get the machine to work.  Yeah. I like to use a computer analogy. I'm an Intel 286, but I got the cloud warehouses full of servers for memory. And you see it, just all those going ding, ding, ding, ding, ding. And it's making some other noise. And I couldn't reach the machine. And then if I get closer to it, then the proximity sensors are made another alarm. A failure of pain. And that kind of stuff, if you want, I'm tired. So I go to the gate with the attendant. But the attendant gate wasn't open that night. I just want to avoid that problem. So I just, if I go to the gate, there's got the person in it. Yeah.  Yeah. So there's a thing, you know, complex emotions. I get scary easily, but then there's things where I used to be afraid of airplanes. Terrified. Yeah. Well, you know how I got over that? You make them interesting. Yeah. You just make them really interesting. I got the ride in a cockpit back in the 70s, so a big airplane hauling halfers. That was really interesting. I'm not afraid of airplanes anymore. It's sort of like, you learn more about COVID. What I did with COVID is I read all these scientific articles about COVID. Okay. There's all this controversy about medications. I won't discuss them. That is too controversial. Yep. But let's put it this way. I went deep into the scientific literature, and I was pretty sure if I got COVID, I could save my life. Let's just leave it at that. And having that knowledge reduced the fear. So, so if. Having the knowledge reduced the fear. So if control can be unpredictable. I am a scientist. I was going very deep into the literature. Scientific literature way further than 99.9% of doctors would. Sure. I spent hours online, hours online on scientific databases doing that. That's how I dealt with my fear. Now I can also be really happy. And I've learned, I got, when I was a teenager, I got in trouble for anger.  Yep. So then when I get in some situation that's upset and cry, because you don't get in trouble for crying, you get in trouble for hitting. Yeah. So you have to get rid of that. And I can be sad. And I can tell you the things that make me sad. I have to give you a specific example. I read about a scientist in the Ukraine who was studying whale fossils. And he couldn't take his fossils with him. And so he photographed everything and he had a single portable hard drive. It's not like a thing about the size of this block with its life work on it. And that's such a fragile thing. It could break so easily. His whole life's work was in a hard drive box. And I started to get upset just talking about that. Yeah. He was doing everything he could to save his life's work, trying to download it to France over slow internet connections. I then finally went on a train with it. And I'm going, what would I do with that hard drive? It would be right here under my shirt, tucked in with a jacket over it. Yeah. I wouldn't even have it in a bag. Yeah. And the cords would be under my shirt, too. You see, but preserving his life's work. I can't even talk about that without getting upset. I can't even look at a hard drive now without a portable hard drive, practically now without getting upset, because I think about that. And this gets back to what identity is. The scientist's identity was what was in that hard drive box. And he wanted to get it safely downloaded somewhere else. You could drop it in a puddle. You see, I'm a visual thinker, and that's the end of his life's work. I get upset about that. You see, and that's, I'm not saying that the path I've taken is a path that everybody should do. But having interesting career, interesting stuff to do, I had to have a COVID project. So I worked on this book on visual thinking. I went deep into scientific literature on that, because I had to have stuff to do. Yeah. And then the knowledge I had of medical stuff, well, now I'm quite brutal vaccinated, and I'm not worried about it now. Good. Autism, awareness, understanding, and society. Adjustments from the general public have improved since your childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. Diversity, social media, and inclusion are all really hot topics nowadays. Yeah, they are. And that's sure to raise the public understanding of autism. What I want to ask is, what was the world like for you back then? And what positives or negatives have you seen in terms of societal adaptations for autistic people? Well, you see, what I think's happened in my generation is the Asperger types. I know that that's officially where there was social awkward, no speech delay. Those people went ahead and got decent careers, learned how to work at an early age, but their relationships and marriages were very problematic. And they didn't have any idea why. Then the kids like me, severe speech delay, when I was three, I was a complete mess. And I was the kind of kid they would just throw away in the institution in the 50s. But fortunately, I was very lucky to get into a very good early speech program that two teachers taught in the basement of their home. Yeah. And the 50s upbringing was helpful. Kids played outside and did all kinds of things. So I had a good childhood, teenage life was terrible. And see, this is the problem you got with autism.  That's, I think, a problem. I agree with you. I think it's a big problem because they got very different needs. You know, we also have some individuals with autism label where they got very severe epilepsy and other problems. And they're not going to be doing engineering or art or photography or something like that. But some of those individuals can type independently. Yeah. And they have a good brain inside there. And we need to be, I always, all my formal presentations, talk about the ones who can type independently like Tito Makapate, Carly, and then of course, Noki, the Japanese boy. I always talk about that and how we need to be, you know, giving them that opportunity if they can do that. But when I talk to businesses, this comes from a background of being in business. I didn't just sell cattle handling facilities based on being nice to cattle. Yes, I brought that up. I told them how they'd make money if they had my equipment. That's how I sold equipment. And then right now I'm saying, you need this visual thinker who can't do algebra because your factory's going to fall apart otherwise. You need people like me who cannot do algebra. Your factory's not going to run. How about things like wastewater treatment? The power plant. Yeah, you need the mathematicians for the power load, but you also need people like me to keep the plant running. I mean, I got to make sure the suits that are in charge know that. I love that you call them suits. This is sort of how I push things. We really do need all the different kinds of minds. And the other thing that I think is important is not talking about vaguely. Let's talk about accommodations in the workplace that are easy. The pilot's checklist. Don't be vague on maybe some sensory breaks. Keeping out of the jobs with the crazy multitasking. These are simple things. And where I've seen a lot of problems in the workplace is when the boss changes. That's often problematic. So suppose that they're your key authority figure in the workplace. If you have a good relationship with them and they get you and they make adjustments for you, you have some of the best of it. You see, we're talking about making adjustments in a very vague way. Sure. Okay. I'm going to be very specific about the pilot's checklist and the bullet points because I can think of like 10 examples where if they've done that, the jobs wouldn't have been lost. And it's a very specific, very simple accommodation. And I think it's hard for the verbal finger to understand that maybe I can't remember at 10 steps they want me to do. I've got to write them down. You see, and then you get into other disabilities where a blind person that should have been hired for a call center job customer service job didn't get the job. See, my mind doesn't think in generalities. Sure, I understand. And I think the problem with the guy is he was interviewing with HR and I think they just take one look at the guide dog and go, oh, the accommodation is going to be too hard. You see, I think a better approach to being, okay, you see my dog, you're freaking out right now. Why don't I give you a two-week free trial? I only need one accommodation. There's special software and it won't wreck your computer system. It's got this security and that security. And my friend will come in with me for an entire week so we can learn the office.  It was awful. Really articulate blind guy. That was terrible. But tell the employer how the accommodation is easy. And what it is, there's only one thing that corporation had to provide and that was the special software. He had everything else he would provide. His favorite keyboards, headphones, just all the stuff he'd provide. And there might have to be some adjustment in on Jax and no, my stuff's not going to wreck your computer system. But I'm approaching it more from an engineering approach, like how I thought it was disgusting that he was turned down from 10 jobs.  It is a barn. I was wondering, outside of the workplace, talking about the statistics that we've talked about, do you think that there are any, can you see any way forward in improving the overall life quality of autistic people? Okay, now let's get more specific. Social isolation. Let's get more specific. Now, one problem I'm seeing on the job front is I see parents get so overprotective, the child's never gone shopping in his teenager, fully verbal teenager, never gone shopping, learning to drive. That's going to take a whole lot longer, a whole lot longer. I just talked to a guy yesterday at the conference. And I said, I want you to start out in a totally safe place where there's nothing to hit. Giant parking lot with no light posts. It'll take a lot longer to deal with the multitasking issues. But it's, and then another issue for women is getting into abusive relationships. That's a big problem. That's a very, very big problem. You know, and I basically, okay, I'm not saying the path I've chosen is the right path, but I'm celibate and I put everything into work. Now I'm not saying that's a path for everybody, but that's a path I took. I do a lot of work around socializing and relationships in my online work. And I do agree with you. There's a lot of abuse when autistic people date neurotypical people, because we don't have that sort of inherent sense for people. Sometimes we put too much weight on people's words rather than their actions. What they say to us, if they say, right, okay, this is not how it is. This is how it is. And it could be something completely different. And one thing that I have noticed in, particularly in my relationships, that I'm very vulnerable to people who don't have the best intentions, who don't have the most healthy sort of view of relationships. There's a lot of infantilizing that goes along, like being treated like a child, because you have a different communication style. Well, I've seen that too.  That's such a big motivator. Yeah, I can do it.  You know, even now it's sort of like, okay, I may be pushing 75, but I can still think up good research ideas. I can still do things, even though I can't walk as fast now as I used to be able to. But I'm seeing situations where a kid, fully verbal kids, overprotected and not learning shopping, not learning bank account. I mean, just basic stuff. Their moms get very, very overprotective. And then I heard when they get them in the right job, like something like office supplies store, where it's not too much money tasking, I'll hear things like he blossomed, he bloomed. I've heard that over and over and over again. So you're saying that it's important to learn these life skills as a priority? Absolutely, absolutely, absolutely. And I would avoid the jobs, like crazy takeout window at McDonald's. I'd avoid that job. And for your kind of mind that's verbal, a really good kind of job is specialized retail. All right, let's say you worked in the office supply shop, you would know every printer in there and help people take out the right printer for them, not try to just shove the whole store down their throat. And people appreciate that. Specialized retail, selling phones. And you know, every phone that's in there and exactly what it does. What would you say about more complex jobs like, well, not more complex, but different jobs, like presenting, like what I do with my podcast. Well, yes, then you'd be good at that. And again, that's something that's specific. Okay, you're doing podcasts, you've got a certain audience that you go to, that's something specific. Yes, you can be good at that. There's no money tasking, there's no load on working memory. That is true. Yeah, you see, the things to avoid is the stuff that loads that small processor. Yeah. You see all the things that do in design work, there's no working memory issues with that. If a guy's programming, working for one of the tech companies, that's all pulled off a long-term memory, there's no multi-tasking issue, doing writing programs. Sure, can I ask you another question? Yeah. So, personally, I've followed your work for a long time. I've read your books. As I've said, I think you're one of the autism advocates that, role models, I would say, they really made a marked difference on myself. Well, good. And how did I help you? Okay, I might ask you a question. How did I help you out? I think it was, you gave me a lot of inspiration that I can approach life in my own unique way. You also gave me a lot of, I think that, I was diagnosed when I was 10. It was only until my 20s that I started to really read into what autism was. And your books really gave me a great insight into my own brain. Some things didn't apply to me, but a lot of the things really did, and it gave me a great basis for understanding who I was. Well, I got a lot of insight from reading other first-person lived-in accounts. That helped me very, very much. And also some of the scientific research, where some of the social circuits aren't hooked up. I got insight from that, too. What I wanted to ask is, in modern days, a lot of the advocacy work that I see seems to go on a lot in social media, seems to go a lot in podcasts and radios, and sort of digestible content. And what I want to know is, how has your approach to advocacy and autism education changed from back then to the modern day? Do you find that there's anything that you struggled to adapt to, or is it? Well, I've been, I'm not big on, I don't do social media that much. One thing that worries me about it is so much quick reactions. I've read some of the research on it, is, okay, you read something on social media, you write something, and then you push sand, and it's instantly all over there, without time to think. There's a lot of nasty stuff, and it comes from making a reaction extremely quickly without thinking about it. Now, let's just look about false things on social media, and it's very controversial.  I think I can safely talk about that. Yeah, you can. I actually talked to one person, actually believed that, and if you, let's say, they've been experiments done, where they force people to look at stuff, but they can't push sand right away, or share right away, but they have to think about it. Then they're better at figuring out, well, that really is garbage. I'm not going to share that. So I think the problem is, is this quick emotional reaction. When Facebook was first invented, I don't know, I did a talk at Kansas State University to a bunch of cattle ranchers, and I said, social media magnifies the voices of extremes on both sides of any issue, any issue. I'll leave it at that. I'm not going to give you examples that are controversial, but it's because you get that quick emotional reaction without actually engaging thinking. Yeah, that's the problem. Yeah. I definitely empathize with you on that, because one of the issues that I find, particularly trying to grow my brands, me as a person, me as a speaker, me as a mentor, etc. The main issue is that I think very slowly, but I think very complex as well. My brain is more suited to that longer form content. It's not snippets of 60 seconds or 15 seconds that I release that I'm good at. It's the long stuff that's developed. Well, that's kind of the way I am too. I'm a slow processor, and you get people writing stuff that done. It's all based on a quick emotional response. Without thought. This is the thing that's a concern. And I look at so many things, and I'm going, well, nobody's thinking about any system. How do you solve problems? Okay, I mean, I work with real things in designing facilities, animal behavior problems. They got a problem with a dog or something like that. I find that, first of all, the verbal thing over generalize. They'll say something like, my dog is crazy. Well, I don't know what it did.  I don't have enough information. This is something verbal thinkers do all the time. Whether it's an animal behavior problem or a people behavior problem, I don't have enough information to give a reasonable answer to my dog is crazy. Yeah. I don't have enough information to even begin to answer that. Yeah. Is it was it happy crazy, angry, biting crazy? Yeah. Scared crazy? It's the vagueness. It's too vague. And I find the same thing people come to me on talking about their kids. Well, first hand, even those age. Are we doing early intervention age, primary school, high school, adulthood? Yeah. I don't want to be talking about something in high school or secondary school, and the parent has a three year old. That's not enough information. See, the things that I guess for me is my view of acceptance. I am respected for what I do in my work. Yes, definitely. I'm good at my work. I don't do the party scene unless it's a party associated with an autism group or livestock group or some other convention party. And then I tend to talk to just single people and migrate around the room. Yeah. I'm not done. I realize there's things in my life that other people do, like I listened to songs on the radio and I started calculating how much of those are about relationships and love. Over half of all the songs. It's true, isn't it? It gets on my nerves. But I don't care. I like 60s music.  I get serious XM, 70s station. And I've got to thinking about that relatively recently, actually, that the vast number of songs is about relationships. Now, there's some songs about work. I actually like those songs better. Or abstract ideas or, you know. Or, but it's, I realize that there's a part of life that I don't experience. And I've replaced intellectual complexity for emotional complexity. Maybe that's the best way to put it. So. You know, intellectual complexity for emotional complexity, because I'm emotionally real simple. Get scared easily. I get, I have a, can't more than a task. Well, I try to avoid those situations. Sure. And what I mean, what you need to inform me on is, because some advocates don't like me, is what are those advocates wanting out of life? Now, obviously not to be discriminated at work and things like that obviously. But I think they're kind of, what they want is different than them from me. I think it's, I would agree with you, and that's why I asked a question earlier about the, you know, how, how autism advocacy has changed. And it seems to me that it's a lot about specifics of language use that is the gateway to people either liking or disliking you in the autistic community. Like for example, my name on YouTube and my name on Instagram is currently Asperger's Grove. Now, I can agree with that, because just in my own case, I keep learning more and more. How about if people say to me, the older I get, the less autistic I act, and that my talks have gotten better as I got older. So that would be Asperger's Grove. Yeah. And, you know, it makes sense, doesn't it? And the message is clear. Yeah. But a large chunk of the amount of comments or messages or emails that I get, it's about my name. It's about my choice of name rather than what I do, you know. Oh, that's it. It's really depressing sometimes. Really language-based. You see, because I'm, see, I'm an object visualizer. You see, because there's three kinds of people on the spectrum. There's object visualizers. There's the pattern, math, and music. And then there are the ones that are history lovers, where they are word-based, which I'm definitely not. And so they really get into the exact language. And I'm trying to figure out, okay, what language to avoid using, what language should I use, what are the rules, tell me, I'll do it. Well, I can send you my videos on autism language explained, if you'd like. Why don't you just explain it in very, maybe explain me. Give me the elevator speech. Yeah. Yeah, give me the elevator speech right now. Okay. People don't like Asperger's. They're moving away from the term Aspie. Got that. I knew that because of the bad background of the doctor that I knew about. We're also moving away from, we're moving more towards neurodiversity-related language. So neurodivergent is the name that people have given to people who are neurodiverse. So like, I understand that because you get autism in the, well, fully verbal forms. It would just be a personality variant. That I can go along with that, use those terms. Now, one thing I got bashed about was using high and low functioning. Now, I can't change old stuff as in older books. But now, in everything new, I'm calling it, okay, once I get past age six or something like that, fully verbal, partially verbal, non-verbal. Yeah. Those are the words I'm using now. But I can't do anything about the older publications. You can't go back and change a book. No, exactly. But now, sometimes I still got some stuff where I have to use those terms because if I don't use them, then people don't understand what I'm talking about. Exactly. So I'll say, we'll talk about Asperger's. I'll just say they don't use that term anymore, but that's socially awkward, no speech delay. Yeah. In a nutshell for explaining what autism is to other people, it's explaining to other people, but also in medical settings, in social care settings, in teaching, it's important to have some kind of language that distinguishes people, not because we want to hate on a certain group, or we want to be more superior, or that's the kind of stuff that people say, but to actually explain what groups of people we're talking about. And I don't use high functioning and low functioning. Well, I have stopped using it. I'm calling it fully verbal, partially verbal, nonverbal. And when I'm talking about auditory language coming out of the person's mouth, that's how I would find those are the terms I'm using now. And then also in my talks, making it very clear about some of the nonverbals that can't control their movements and look really severe, the books written by people who type independently. And when I do a full autism talk, that's on my slideshows. I make sure people know about those books. And the crazy thing is about this whole thing is that people would be a lot more likely to accept what you say if you say in those terms, if you use that language, but you're basically saying the same thing. Well, that's right. It is the same thing. I mean, and there's a lot of other controversial stuff, where you're changing some of the language. And I can think of words I said, I'm not going to repeat because they're too controversial that I said as a young child that everybody did. Even think that it was wrong. I just didn't know. But the thing that I want to see, I'm finding the people in the spectrum that are happiest have got jobs they really like. So one of my big things is helping adults make the transition to work. And one of the big problems I'm seeing is this kid's overprotected. He's never gone to the store and bought something by himself.  So I have to talk about shopping. Yeah. But it's I also think about and I've done a lot of stuff about identity is when you look at a lot of last names of people, they are jobs, Smith, Baker, Minor, Mason. These are jobs. So what that tells me is that a lot of people's idea of their identity was tied up in their work because their last names were names of jobs. That's really interesting. And and he really all I can say about the English language. I haven't done it in any other language. English. And so what I'm thinking is for me, my sense of identity is not the autism is important as to who I am, but it's secondary to a scientist, designer, inventor, animal behavior. You have your own you have the the own right to choose that whether you want to say, for example, what kind of language you want to use, whether you want to use person first or identity first language. I think it should be something that the individual chooses. Well, I would agree with that. You see one in my very earliest publications. Okay. And here this book came out 10 years ago.  And I didn't think about what kind of language it was. Then I had educators. It was educators who were pushing person first. You should say person with autism. So I started doing that. And then I found out the activists on identity first. So then I put autistic in there. Then I get questions from educators. Why aren't you using person first? And then I just explain that a lot of activists don't like person first. Yeah. I just explain it. So sometimes I use a mixture because in writing, it's not good to just keep saying something the same way all the time. Don't you think it would be a lot more straightforward and a lot more easier if the focus was not on language for most things and it was on the actual issues that autistic people have? Well, I'm interested in the actual issues. And the other thing is you gotta remember I've spent years in construction where I would sell a job, design it, supervise the construction, start it up and make it work. So construction is all about finishing projects. So this kid just ends up in the basement playing video games when he should be out building things. So I don't consider that very good. And then I go back and forth between the educational world and the industrial world. I was just out in a factory. It was a big mess and I can't go into the details, but we're going to pull a guy out of retirement. He's practically retired to fix it. Cool. And I tell educators about that. In other words, I'm going back and forth between these two worlds. And so I want to discuss health insurance is a huge issue in the US. Yeah. Let's talk about real stuff. Then how do we fix it? People say, well, how come you were successful in improving things in the cattle industry? Well, I didn't just go, the cattle industry is a big mess. I picked out something specific cattle handling that's specific or for the person on health insurance. So you see one of the big problems we've got the way we're set up is if the person loses the disability payment, they also lose the health insurance. Well, there's a lot of them in the US. If they could keep the health insurance, they could give up the disability payment. That's really interesting. But that's a real serious problem. It's been a serious problem in my country for years. Oh, you don't know how lucky you are to have your health service. You know, certain things were free, like COVID vaccines were free. But you get a real serious health problem right now. The price of insulin is a gigantic rip-off. But that's a very big issue. It's like, because a lot of my work is centered around it's either theory, relationships, or quality of life. So I'm certainly interested in quality life. I focus on the mental health issues, the workplace issues, the education issues. But the biggest problem is one basic principle. You need a slow transition from the world of school to the world of work. Let's start out with chores for little kids. Let's replace the paper routes, which don't exist anymore, with volunteer jobs where somebody outside the home was a boss. Real jobs are instant, they're legal. So they learn how to work before they graduate high school. That's really important. So they aren't just suddenly graduating maybe with an advanced degree and they've never worked. A gradual transition. But there's a tendency for a lot of parents to just over baby. And I'll say, now have you gotten your son a job yet? And they said, we're thinking about it. I said, we've got to do it. Who do you know that owns a shop? Let's just get them in the back door. You know, this is where I'm with the fully verbal end of the spectrum, we're really seeing problems. So that's big thing that I advocate for. Theory, I don't. I'm not theory. Picture thinkers are not theoretical. That's really interesting. I'm glad that we see eye to eye on the kind of way. Yeah, I want me to get jobs. I want people, because I think about the people I work with professionally that were designing equipment and vending equipment, building things. I think they have pretty happy lives. In fact, one of them that was on the spectrum about 10 years ago, he got into a real nasty plant manager. And he called me and says, what do I do about that?   When he gets fired, then you go back to that plant. So I told him, you see, I've been around for enough years that I had to learn these things. I also had to learn in a very rude kind of way, that you could have somebody in charge of a project with a gigantic ego that would do things wrong, really wrong. I'm talking a million million dollar mistakes. Because they wouldn't listen to their engineering staff, for example. Oh, we don't have enough wastewater treatment for this plant expansion. They went ahead and did it, and it was shut down. Well, what kind of blows my mind is how irrational so-called normal people can be. We built something where you didn't have enough wastewater treatment, and all your experts told you not to do it. Charisma. That happened on a project 20 years ago. But boy, this guy came out of sales. Boy, did he know how to talk. I was just going to say, like charisma and an ego, it gets you a long way in the right place.  When it comes to, no, the project failed. The multi-million dollar failure. My cattle stuff worked, but the whole place closed. But that's something as a person on the spectrum was like a rude awakening to learn that ego could get so big that it would wreck a job. Actually wreck it, make the project fail.  I can definitely imagine that. Much, much bigger barrier. But I don't get into, you know, you start thinking about what's the meaning of life. I used to look for all kinds of stuff. I finally figured out if the things I do help make something better. Like when a parent says, my kid got a job because of one of your books, or my kid went to college and he's doing just great because I read one of my books, I heard one of my talks, then I'm doing, I like those real kind of results. And I know there's some people that, you see, then you get into the masking issue. Yeah, this stuff. So when I'm talking about the thing about the dessert, being eaten in sloppy manner, that's business social. That's not even stressful to do that. Just don't be a slob when you're with other people at a restaurant. Just don't. That's not hard. Now, the thing that takes huge strain is trying to listen to these fast-moving, very social conversations at the restaurant. That I cannot do. And now as an older, I've got one partially deaf ear, so it doesn't help either. And being someplace where you're putting too much load on that working memory can be very, very, very stressful. It's sort of like I kind of divide the social into business social, shake hands, do it. It's not hard. But to be, I'm finding where you have a cocktail party where I'm supposed to just greet a whole bunch of people, that can start to get old. Yeah. But I just find it boring. I find it boring too. I agree. I find it very boring. I can do it. I can do it. And it's not, but some people, you see, some people say that the reason why I have so much anxiety was because of masking. No, it's not. It was total biology. Yeah. My fear center was three times larger. That's been confirmed brain scan. No, I went on the low dose of the antidepressant drug. It made all the difference in the world. I'm really glad. I'm on antidepressants as well. I'm on an ancient, old one. And the mistake that's often made is too high a dose. Is that tricyclic? Yeah, I'm on an old tricyclic. You see, the Prozac type drugs weren't invented when I went on it. So I'm on an ancient tricyclic that I now am going through a third generic company making it. I hope they don't stop making it. Well, I'm on an SSRI. And those are really good medications. And the mistake that gets made is the low dose will work and then they raise it and then you get agitation and you cannot sleep. Exactly. The anxiety just... No, you see there's a dose window. Even though this book now is 25 years old, the information in there on the medication is still accurate. And it wasn't masking that caused that anxiety. It was biology. Sure, sure. But it's... I want to just see people on the spectrum have fulfilling lives, be everything that they can be. In my country, healthcare is a major issue. See, they get on disability. In my country, if you get on disability, you get free healthcare.  I had another question, but I don't want to...  Well, I'm glad to have a chance to talk to you because I know there's some advocates that don't like me. And I think that they're going to find that my goals aren't that different, except I just put a lot more emphasis on career. And the people that I find that are happy have got good careers, but then sometimes their marriages are a mess. And that's where this different, not less book came in, which I edited. And this is written in the lived in their own words. I'm basically the editor of this book. If it helps put your mind to peace. A lot of the people who are very aggressive in not liking people because of certain small things that you say or do, those people are usually the loudest. There is so many people who, they'll listen to our podcast episode and they'll get so much value out of it. And they'll really see what you're trying to do and what you're saying. Well, as I said before, when I went to gave that talk at the cattle cattlemen's meeting at Kansas State University, when Facebook was invented, we said social media magnifies the voices of extremists on both sides of the issue, both sides extremism. And what happens to the monkey mill? It gets bashed on both sides, which is not fun. So I was going to ask you the other question, but I feel like we've already covered that. All right. What is the other question? Well, then we'll wrap it up. Well, would you be happy with taking some short questions from my following? Right now? Instagram. Yeah. All right. Let's do it. Cool. I didn't know you had some questions and followers. Sorry. That's okay. Apologies. I should have made that more clear. I didn't know that you had better. Okay. So what what does somebody have Instagram questions? So we have one from Gemwill78 who asks you if you could write a letter to your younger self, what would it say? I can write a letter about to myself. Yeah, to yourself. If you could send it in a time machine and write a letter to your younger self. There's a lot of things that my younger self made. And if some of the information that I got into trouble at work, because when I was young, because I didn't recognize the warning signs that a new boss didn't like me, I'll give you an example. I was working for the Arizona fire arrangement, livestock editor, cranking out the articles every month. We got a new boss. He didn't like me. I didn't recognize those warning signs. But Susie who did the graphic design and set up the ads, she I'm pretty sure was on the spectrum.  We're going to have to make a portfolio of all your articles. And then I got a raise. But if I had, if she buy wouldn't have recognized those warning signs. Well, that wouldn't have happened. On the other thing that I didn't understand when I first started is how ego and emotion can affect decisions that would actually cause gigantic problems with equipment. I have a concept called project oil. Well, I learned that no, they were managers where it was, it was their ego. It didn't matter whether it would work or not. That was a very hard thing for me to learn that one guy didn't like because I was a girl and actually sabotage some equipment. Jesus. Yeah, I've been going. I mean, it costs thousands of dollars worth of downtime. Oh my God. This is the kind of stuff that was really hard for me to now I'm realizing that humans can be extremely irrational. Yeah. But there's a lot of things that I know now that you want to tell you. I found as I said before, I found the reading. So the most valuable stuff for me was reading the lived in experiences. And there were just a few when I got started, Donna Williams' stuff. There was someone named Tony W. Had a short article. I read about Jesse Parks. But I found then later on lived in experiences were really important for me to learn. The highlighting lived experiences. Yeah. But also I'm realizing that the way I was brought up where social manners were taught in a much more structured way. It's really helpful. And it's also the reason why a lot of the socially awkward, no speech delay or Asperger types that my generation got good jobs and kept them. But their marriages were probably had a lot of problems. Yeah. So what's the next question? Another question which is from Harp, Harpen AU. How hard was it for you to find and keep a job? I'm having real trouble with that. Well, one of the first jobs I got was the writing for the Farmer Ranchman magazine. And one thing I was good at was finding the back door to jobs. And I went up and I got the editor's card, as it's shown in the movie. And I almost lost the job. And I just explained it in the previous question. But I was pretty good at keeping jobs because I was on time. There's a lot of individuals that lose a job because they're on time. So just mouth back. That's a problem I didn't have. I got my articles in on time. And then once I presented a portfolio, I kept that job. But I wouldn't have gotten fired from a job for being late. You see, this is where 50s upbringing did help. Thank you for that. We've got one more last question. What do you think about the crossover between autism, mental health and childhood trauma? Oh, there definitely is a crossover. And childhood trauma up regulates the fear circuits in the brain. When little kids get treated badly, it is really bad. There definitely is crossover. The other thing that helps me is I do vigorous exercise every day, 100 setups every day. And I find this burst of vigorous exercise does some things that just walking a long distance doesn't. Okay, I can do a really long airport walk. And that just doesn't do the same thing. As a very, you know, two and a half minutes of very, very vigorous burst of hard exercise now took me three months to get up to that 100. But I find I have trouble sleeping if I don't do that. That's something that's been real helpful and it's easy to do. You know, that's really strange you say that because that's I used to do leg raises. Yeah, that'd be the same thing. Pushups and squats. All you see, it doesn't take long to do it. And you do it just long enough to start to sweat. And there's something different that that does that a mile long walk out of the airport doesn't do. Now, both are good things to do, but they have a different but the vigorous exercise helps with sleep. I would attest to that. I go to the gym about five times a week. Okay, well, that's that's the same thing I travel to. I just do it in the room, but have something simple to do. But that was very, very helpful to me. And now I want to see individuals on the spectrum get out and be successful. The other thing is we got to find more backdoors to jobs. Yeah, see that scene in the movie where I got the editor's card. It's a very important scene, because that's backdoor. Then I produced a good article. Mm hmm. And then everything was fine until we got a new boss and I didn't recognize the warning signs. Thank you, Susie, who was also probably autistic who did they laid out the ads. She says, Jim doesn't like you. We're going to have to get a big scrapbook together of every article you've written. Yeah, that saved my job. See that's showing the work. What I want to ask you is what do you think I know it's it might be a difficult question, but what do you really want people to take away from our talk, our podcast? Well, I want individuals on the spectrum to get out and be what they can do.  Now, if those video gamers were going into great careers, I would not be criticizing it. Sure. Now, my kind of mind is the one tends to get addicted to video games. There's been some success with the gamers getting switched over to auto mechanics and actually going to a career in that. And you have to do it slowly because the cars were more interesting than the video games. But you've got to get parents, you've got to get to get out doing stuff. Now, I'll tell you something you don't do. First job, shoving 18 year old girl into chaotic clothing store at Christmas time, that's you don't do. That was a failure. Too much multitasking. Now, we do have to be careful about multitasking. But I worked with so many people that I know were undiagnosed on the spectrum, interesting careers. And it gave their life meaning. Meaning. I love that. Well, thank you very much for that.  Are you going to edit it? What are you going to do with this? I'm just going to edit it slightly and I'm going to release it. Well, some of the stuff talking about microphones, we can probably definitely edit that. Yeah. So usually with this new season, so this is the second season of my podcast, um, I try to incorporate a song. So some some music. Do you have, do you have a particular song that you would like to share with listeners? Oh, I was a song I really liked was we'll never walk alone out of carousel. We'll never walk alone. When you walk through a storm, you know, that's sort of like, like that was my favorite song in high school. Thank you for that. So if you have enjoyed our chat and you want to get to go see more of the kind of stuff that I do, you can follow me on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, all at Asperger's Grove. And if you want to find the podcast anywhere else, you can find it on pretty much all podcasting platforms, Spotify, Apple, Google, all of that good stuff. And if you want to get in contact with me to, to hire me as a speaker or to hire me to be a part of a panel or do some modeling work, you can find all of that information on my website, thomashenley.co.uk Today I want to, to highlight another person for our community as a profile of the day.  Where are they? Apologies, temple. I want to highlight the autistic poet Russell Lehmann. He does a lot of work around poetry and he does a lot of good work in it, in public speaking. And I definitely go over and check his stuff out. He does have some views that maybe a lot of people don't like. But he, he, he did just definitely express himself as an individual. And I'm, I'm, you know, very happy to, to have him come on my podcast later, later on. So yes, thank you to all our YouTube members and Patreon supporters. And yeah, you know, your, your guys support for this, especially Mr. Patrick Verdi has been absolutely amazing. So I can continue doing this alongside my full time job. All really great support. Massive thanks to you guys. And temple. Thank you. Thank you so much for coming on to speak to me. It really does absolutely mean the world to me. And I'm sure that I love you. Thank you for having me.  Well, have you enjoyed your experience on the 40 or 50 podcast? Yes, I have. Now if I've had a good experience and, and I, you know, I want to see, you know, the younger people on way past retirement age, but I still am working on get out and have an interesting life. And maybe I've given them, given them some, used some ideas. Thank you. Thanks temple. See you later guys. God, it's blowing up. Oh, oh, I'm so sorry. I did not see you there. So thank you very much for watching this very, very long episode and sticking by even past the point at which people go to the videos over and then click off. Because you know there is another special part that you can divulge yourself in. I just wanted to take this time just to address some things that, you know, relate to the podcast. And we all know that I've taken absolutely forever to come up with another episode and, and edit it and release it. And there's been, there's been a lot of stuff going on in my life, both mental health wise, life related things. And also my Instagram and my YouTube channel, I've really been trying a lot very lately to try and build myself up in different areas within training and public speaking and all that. So I'm really just doing a bit of ramble and, you know, just wanted to say thanks for sticking around. Not, not only to the end of this video, but also just in general on the, on the Asperger Square for YouTube channel, on the podcast streaming service that you use. I just want to say thank you. And, you know, this is, this has been an absolutely amazing episode. I was going to, I had some grand plans to do this. I was going to create like a whole animation to go as the backdrop and I was going to sort of mix around with the introduction and make it a bit more clean and, you know, use my new microphone and all that. Oh, there it is. So I had a lot of plans and, you know, as, as with everything, you know, a lot of steps that you give yourself to do in order to do something requires a lot more time than you would expect. Hence why I've been so lackluster in getting these episodes out. I was going to put something at the start of the video, but I just thought that it'd be a bit more personal. I could sort of ramble unedited, you know, for the first time in a while. And, yeah, I, I really appreciate you and the fact that you've stuck around and you've followed my work and you've supported me despite all the controversial stuff that I've been involved in, mostly about my name, which will be changed very soon, not because it's got Asperge's in it, but because I don't like it. I don't like the name Asperge's growth. So I'm changing it. I'm flipping it around and doing all that stuff with it. Not really sure what I'm going to call myself here. As I said, a lot of steps. I'm talking to a very, very lovely woman called the social authority who is helping me. And so do a rebrand and like change my name and, you know, do all that kind of stuff. So there will be something like that coming along at some point. And I'm pretty excited for it. I'm not going to lie. You know, recent stuff that's happened is, you know, I've had some really, really big stuff that's happened below the scenes, behind the scenes of my YouTube channel and my podcast, particularly around Instagram. I've been posting lots of updates and things of that nature. I know that it's not always perfect. The transfer of YouTube and podcasts to social media. So I know that not the majority of you will know that I've been continuing to post Instagram and, you know, things of that nature. But yeah, I'm really struggling to know what to say. I've kind of built this episode release, this season two release up for such a long time that I just, you know, jumping back in for my first episode with such a big name in the autism industry. I felt kind of out my death. But it was great. It was a really great episode. And there is much more to come. I have been working behind the scenes once again to record and, you know, chapter some of really interesting cool guests, which will be coming out as far as schedules for releasing the podcast episodes. When I said what this chair was supposed to be, a replacement to my very creaky of a chair, but it still seems to have a similar problem.  I wouldn't say fat, but, you know, it's weighty. It's weighty. So what was I saying? I was saying a lot of stuff. I guess, you know, what I want to leave you on is I never feel like you cannot reach out. I know that sometimes it can feel a bit disillusioning to watch and listen to some people talk to each other or listen to me talking to a camera, which I'm trying to imagine that's you. But I am a real person. And I want to maintain that. And I always really appreciate emails, messages. And, you know, it's really kept me going, kept me wanting to start the podcast up again. It's a really big project. It requires a lot of different things, a lot of time, a lot of money, well not a lot of money, but a significant portion of money. It's not the main issue, mostly the time.  And it's all distributed everywhere. That would be the ideal. That's not how it goes. Not for a small creator like myself. So yeah. And also, you never feel like you can't reach out. There is a lovely community of autistic people on Instagram. Some of them are assholes, of course, and they're very nitpicky about the type of words that you use. But overall, a lovely community to be a part of if you just know some of the social rules. If you are listening to this and you find yourself in an isolated position and you don't really know where to go in life, I would really recommend going on to Instagram and not only following me but following some of the amazing people I follow. It really did a lot to bring me up, especially when I was alone and isolated in my university days. So I should have. I don't know why I'm assuming that you're lonely and isolated, but for the people out there who are, there is always space. There is always time to grow and time to fix your situation and opportunities and now great life experiences. It does require a lot of effort and it is very scary, but you can do it. And you know, I'm just gonna leave this as like a whole video and just attach it to the end. This is not going to be on the actual podcast I've said, but it's going to be on mine on the video version. So just for you guys on YouTube. But yeah, I won't keep you much longer as you're probably very socially overloaded from people speaking to each other about sometimes quite intense and emotional topics. And there I go again. I'm talking. Anyway, thank you for tuning in. As always, I love you guys. You're great. And I hope that you're okay. I hope that you're doing good and reach out if you need to. Bloody chair. See you later, folks.  Just a little bit of a insider information. I actually find it really difficult to sleep and wind down with all my dressing down.  I think it's something about and they're just having a soft fabric on my arms and you don't really get that during the day unless you wear a hoodie. And even then it's usually a bit too hot. So this is my autistic comfort thing. Some people are blushy, some people are blankets. I wear the dressing gown. There you go. See you later, guys. I was so sleep deprived. Goodbye. Yes, it's the end now. Thomas couldn't before