Hey, it's KK metal voice man in the street. I'm in Newberg today in Newberg vintage Emporium with Me hi, I'm Corey Glover Corey Glover from living color today. We're celebrating the 35th anniversary of this bombastic release vivid Happened today released 35 years ago today. What did this album mean to you when it came out?  Oh, wow. Um the L the M and the F train That ending of open land to a landlord the train going by is that is that the L? Yeah, is that train? I just take that train into the city all the time. Yeah, it's train going into the junction Yeah, it was that we took we were like one it was like one day we were doing we're rehearsing the song and at the song end the train started and like wow, that's great It sounds really good. We should do that But so we were we rehearsed and right and right we'll rehearse All that time like two three days a week then go play somewhere that weekend And then come back on a Tuesday or Wednesday and start rehearsing again and start writing again and you know like Um the song did everybody knows coach personality. Is that your first one? They were no it was not funny vibe was around Even before I got in the band funny vibe was around Um, I want to know was written before week before me will and muzzi got in the band Um, but we would we wrote stuff like cult middleman Love middleman. Um What else have we we wrote open that's where landlord which way to america? What's your favorite color all that stuff we did in rehearsal? and we would uh You know coach personality we came in one day And the song was written in a session in the like five hour session In that rehearsal studio in bushwick So we uh We came up with it. We came up with the groove. I'm gonna have these lyrics You know i'm reading these lyrics and as i'm reading the lyrics is like yeah, I just it goes like that goes like this goes like that so um And we went in with an idea and came out with a song and We had no idea how impactful that song would be But we did what we could and that was the first single right no actually the first single was middleman middleman Middleman was Middleman was actually the first single and we did a video for that and we kept saying you know cult is really the one that's going to do it and Uh, we put out middleman Then we put out cult and cult did really well and then we did Open it to a landlord and then we did glamour boys. So those are the four singles from that record um and You know just the the ability to go out and play it and people all we want to do is people to hear We didn't know whether we didn't weren't really concerned about it being a success of not being an success It was our first record. We thought it was going to take us a minute for people to catch on and realize what we were doing But it seemed to you know with that one song and the climate that the song came out in sort of helped projected into what it is now this that single Yeah, and you know, my brother's my landlord is a b-sider on this too. That's the b-sider. That's the b-sider. Yeah um, so we uh We got a chance to to travel and see A lot of the world, you know, we and we didn't stop working. We worked that whole time Um, you had mcjagger come in and help you guys when you were still before platoon. No, this is after platoon You were in I was an actor. Yeah, we we had Vernon Got a chance to play for jagger on his solo record. Okay and jagger had heard about Vernon and living color and it's like He came to see him and jeff beck actually came to see his play at cbgbs And after that he was like is there's anything I can do to help you guys Just let me know we're looking for a record deal at the time, right? So um, he's like I'm recording and mixing my record at the studio in the city on uh, 48th street Uh, I have I've rented out the whole studio. So I have I have spare rooms if you want to come in And we'll do some demos um You know, we'll we'll work on some stuff and see if that how that that works out.  So he did he produced And recorded those two songs as a demo to send out to record companies And we got some got some interest and people coming around and saying stuff You know the whole stick like we can make this happen We can make this even to the biggest stars in the world blah blah blah blah and then We went to epic and effort was like What we want to do is get what will make this work But a record like this is will work as if they see you if they see you play this stuff We can listen to it all day and it sounds great and sonically that's good But we want to make a record that sounds like you playing live so We We got ed stays him that's it. You got the hormones guy. That's a very good job You know and that you know because of his You know, he like he did the whole raw thing. He did it made he made it extremely raw and him and his his engineer paul hammerson aces the best people in the world, um We sat there and You know, he did a little arranging But ed did some arranging like he changed the way cult personality when we did it originally It started chorus verse chorus And he said let's make the do the verse and then do the chorus and then change this around put this here Put that there and did some arranging on the fly as we're playing it and it and it changed The the way it was perceived, you know, um part of the thing about us You know, we come from a varied background, you know Vernon has a very uh, what's from england? Well, he's from england. He's born england, but he lived in in brooklyn He was in brooklyn also. Well for you guys brooklyn? No, um Me and verena from brooklyn will is from the Bronx and muzzy was from queens um from south jamaica and I'm not south jamaica someplace else, but whatever because he'll tell me he'll call me if he sees and say I didn't live in south jamaica um But he I lived in rosdale. Yeah. Yeah It's he's he lived off a farmer's boulevard. That's all I knew. Okay, you know jamaica everybody lived on a farmer's boulevard, you know, um, so uh So we are at real eclectic background, you know Will has got a degree from berkeley school of music and engineering muzzy had a degree from, uh New york uh From nycc um You know brilliant sort of eclectic kind of things as I said verena had this real sort of jazz thing and I would run from you know, uh You know rmb and soul music to hardcore and and everything in between plus gospel and and spiritual music and all that other stuff And that sort of combination of the two sort of of the four I should say really made things work So we were all over the place when it came to things and like we knew that it needed what we had what we had in our pocket is we have a jazz and a funk kind of aesthetic and verena wanted to make it harder and We wanted to make it groove here and and all that sort of stuff and ed sort of heard that and sort of made it work. So Cats off to ed stadium and paul hamilton Very good, and you uh detoured with the stones. We got that out of it from August 89 to 90 August 89 to august 90 about a year about about nine months in between the two albums No, no, no, no, no, we it was all in one album. It was all for the all off of vivid And we sort of ended it like the end of 88 We were like this the winter of 88 was when we finished that tour so we were out from august to about december end of november and um We we it was hit it hard but but before that um when the when the record came out We were on the road constantly were in vans running around the country and then how you greeted outside of new york the new york area knew you were you greeted uh Were you accepted by the masses when you hit the other it depended on where we went, you know, um There was a lot of we got a lot of press And we got a lot of underground press about the band. So a lot of people there and very curious about what we were doing, you know, um Vern was chatted is like a guitar phenomenon You know, so people came to see what that was about and then they saw that we had songs actual songs and radio Was reluctant Really kind of reluctant to play us But once they got a hold of something they didn't let it go and that sort of helped and mtv pushes them all too Correct. It took a minute for mtv. They didn't jump right on it and immediately because we put out we put out colt's first We didn't put out colt's first put out middleman first And They played it late nights and they played it on 120 minutes and they played it. They didn't play they didn't play it in prime time um But because they were they were sort of acting like a radio station, right, you know And if they got phones Back then it was phones if they got phones about song Yeah, you're able to call in and say I like that song I like that song and that's what sort of pushed us pushed us along and then When colt's personality colt personality was sort of like A bubbling under as a radio sort of like thing and people were requesting it on the radio and because of that We got a lot more push Went mtv got a hold of it and they saw it when people saw it and it went really well.  Um So we were all now you're playing stadiums. No, no with the stones the stones were playing stadiums When you get in with that but before that we were playing places by clubs by as big as this room Smaller than the chance, right? Yeah much smaller. Um, and we're playing in small the bunk places Yeah, you'd like more of the underground just kind of spice we're playing In you know, well, like you mentioned cb's we played cb's and tramps. That was those in new york clubs but we played this place in uh Gainesville, florida call ironside of gogo Amazing amazing place was like a record store and a club and you know we're playing to you know University of farter folks that were that that got hip to the band and that's what we were doing We're playing in college towns around the world as as far as we could as far as we could and then We then we got on the stones tour, which is obviously much much much bigger. Um, and we just kept playing we seen as much as we possibly could see and then We went then we kept working even after after the stones tour And then we went into the studio and then you put Then we then we made uh times up times up and times up was again Us being in rehearsal constantly and writing and then taking it out and playing it somewhere around town or we would Find bits and pieces of things That we had ideas about and we worked them out on stage so times up was sort of We worked it out in rehearsal Whereas something like uh, let me see the record I can tell you exactly what it was we we worked out outside of Oh, yes We were so Yeah, so young I can't read this. Um Thank you Oh, that's much better, you know lovers of the head we worked out at Like we played it and then we then we refined it after we after we put it after we worked it out um, but You know a bunch of this stuff was just us Sort of working it all out and in the meantime Type was another one like that. Um, we Wanted to you know, we were trying You know the the the idea of cults personality had blown up and everything else and You know the expectation was Why don't you make another cult's personality? We didn't want to do that. We wanted to make something different We wanted to constantly be evolving and not just stuck in one spot, but You know, so we put out type as a first single Which did really really well because off the heels of you know, this band is doing something interesting and they're out there and And immediately we didn't rest on our laurels. We went back out on the road We never stopped again with all of our records. We Want to play them live.  Oh sonny and shares Now, um, were you affected with grunge at that time because that's about 90 it's starting to come in Is that right? Right? Right? I don't have an effect on the color No, not at all. No, you're not hand metal actually. No, we were I never thought you were I have a lot of hair, but this was It wasn't a hair band, you know, you know what I'm saying. Did grunge have an effect like this? Um, we we had an idea, you know, there is a there was all enough to To to mine with the ideas that we had and you know What we were playing was as much as what we were saying So we wanted to make sure that what we were saying had had the chance to be heard and understood So when you're doing something like type or you're doing something like lovery's ugly head or anything like that It would lovery's ugly head was another song we worked out on stage as well as an rehearsal We wanted to make sure that you heard it and And know that there that there was a There was much more to us than just that one song that there was much more to us Something we had much more to say than you know, this sort of social Kind of idea of what the world is. We wanted to show you what we thought of the world And that was where our main goal was at the time now You put a couple more albums out and um This gets as an ep stain Yeah, and then your pride is like a greatest hits type of thing And that comes up to about 95 and then the wheels come off the car. Do you guys just take a break? We need to take a break. We were we were we were burnt. We were really really burnt like like I said We didn't stop working like we we went out all most of 1988 we We stopped at the at the end of 88 and then started working on a new record and then immediately going out on the road And then immediately started things we were working that cycle.  Yeah, we had to we had to walk away from each other And that was you know Muzzy had left the band at that point and Like because of that burnout he's like I can't I'm not doing this. Why did you replace moment? um that was what we did uh, I believe it was Stain staying he comes in staying was when Doug came up. Yeah um and We um So we were dealing with all that stuff You know and so we we thought we could keep going Muzzy had Muzzy was a smart one. He was like, I'm gonna take a break Give myself some time to rest and then he gets some time to rest and we were like no No, we got to keep going we got to keep going You know, I don't know how long this is gonna last you gotta strike while out here is hot And we did keep going we got Muzzy We got Doug in the band and we just kept pushing along and the burnout just Didn't relent, you know, it wasn't a lot it did a lot it did a lot to our our home lives. It did a lot to our our Social lives and you know, I hadn't seen my parents My father died in the middle of us being on the road While on tour actually literally like we were we were um We were home. I was home for a couple of days I left and when I came back He was going, you know so Yeah, so I had to You know that and didn't have really have time to grieve, you know, didn't have time to to You know, uh To be there for my mother, you know, I mean, so that was Part of the part of what I needed we all we in a way We all need to do we need to find the time to breathe and get our minds together and you know Um, it felt like it was gonna You know, we were gonna do this for what we're gonna stop for a while and get back together And then there was a point at which you thought maybe not maybe I could do something else Maybe I could go somewhere else and I could do other things like I can make my own music You know and everybody in the band decided. Yeah, let's make our own music We uh, you know verne put out a record and will put out a record and you put out and I put out a record Cory put out hymns, which is about 30 years old Coming up on that our anniversary a couple of weeks ago. Yeah, yeah, 30 anniversary hymns is very well rounded. Yeah You got some gospel. Like you said, yeah, well, it was like funk my Contribution to what living color was in an album. Basically, Cory's contribution. Yeah. Yeah. It was a great album I thank you. Thank you. I had some really good stuff on it And you know, I took the things that I learned from living color and I took some of the things that I learned just by Doing this for a while and it applied it to making hymns You know any favorites on that um personal Um, one is a really interesting. What was it really one? I love on this record There's a bunch of them. Um, April rain is obviously. Yeah, I mean april rains are very cool The single was odd. Yeah, it's a good song. Yeah, you know the single do you first? Yeah, do you first?  Was it that's a good song? Yeah, you know, it was you know, it was the best Of of of that of of that period and I had some really good producers and and writers that helped me out V jeffrey smith and and and peter lord from this band called the family stan Helped me out a lot on that one and I can't thank them enough and uh had uh j mark was a engineer um who had worked on You know fill the up fill the international records and he did the he like he he was a Like I was looking to do like I wanted a record that sounded like This like vinyl I wanted to sound yeah, like a barrier. Yes. I wanted to sound like this um and so I think j was the guy to do it and We had all these people that were very very very very helpful and And shout out to the face records who you know after a minute of I was with epic for a minute and then I was like this is not gonna work and they didn't think it was gonna work Like okay, I'm gonna go someplace else and I found a found a new home And it was the face and out of Atlanta and I moved to Atlanta from I moved it for just a bit just just to be near the record company and know and be a part of What makes how to make this record? Sort of a good transition. So Speaking about how young you are. This is the cover of rolling stone 1990. It is uh november 1st 1990 Got a good look at how big they were at the time. They made the cover of the rolling stone and that that that made my friends very uh What's the word I want to look for they gave me a lot of shit They gave me a lot.   I was in the They had a we had a break in during the stones tour And I came home And I'm still living at home with my with my mother and she was like, okay, that's great. It's you off the road Could you have nothing to do? Here's a paint. Here's a brush Here's the stoop paint the stoop. So I had my friends drive by While i'm painting the stoop giving me lots of grief Like the rock star is painting a stoop.   So um So I so I did get a little little grief for that But you know my friends knew this is what I wanted to do and The fact that I got a chance to do exactly what I said I was gonna do was They they they they gave me props for that. You know, that's what friends are for exactly Now you guys moved along you put out the kaleidoscope, right, right? That was like 2003. Yeah 2003 Is the band still in function all the time constantly you just taken breaks or you didn't have actually formally break up, right? Well, we we did formally break up.  So then that that would be the return album. Yeah, kaleidoscope Klasscope was it was sort of like that's a tough one to find by the way. Yeah. Yeah, it really is it is. Um And we went we went back to the well was like We're gonna talk about the things that we that we know about, you know, 9 11 and happened and one talk We really want to talk about that. Um We wanted to talk about the world as it was now, you know, it was changing, you know, the internet was new We had and we wanted to talk about that. We had talked about it before with information overload But we wanted to get to more and depth in that sort of thing. So We were going We're plumbing as much doing as much as we possibly could, you know And during the new decade. Yeah. Yeah, I mean new millennia, you know, it was like What is that? What does that entail? What are we? What are we going to be? What's what are we in store for? You know more the same or is it going to be different? Well, you put out it I mean you put out uh Was the chair in the room chair in the doorway chair the doorway that I mean that's great I I have that I just couldn't find it right now. This is they don't have it here. This one When you came out with shade, it really brought me back to you guys again It was now this is on mega force records japanese z's record And uh, this was a great album. This is 217. Yeah, so this is about the last living color thing It's the last seven color record we put out and this is our idea was um We were going to look at the blues as a genre of music and how to Kind of deconstructed we did the robber johnson tune um and We made yeah, there's a lot on there.  This was it was a robber johnson cover Um, you know, but we wanted to figure out how to do that says an initiative blues, obviously You have some credit like who shot me who shot you that that sends a message right Well, we really wanted to talk about that because you know the proliferation of guns even at that time was way too much And this is 217. This is 2017, you know, and these kind of things were happening already So we thought, you know, we want to talk about it. We want to have a conversation and you guys always did talk about Yeah, but uh, yeah, whatever's going on in the world. You really did. Yeah, always always had to Now you have some solo stuff. I want to ask you about the last bad penny bad penny is uh How'd you get involved with Danny Miranda on those guys? What is that? That's only a downloadable, right? Yeah, it's only the only buy a download. That's a good song. It's a good song. It's a really good song my friend militia vox um, who's in this uh, who Is in this in band called jewish priestess And she does some solo stuff singing from jewish jewish And she called and said they're looking for a male singer and I've suggested you when they called me and I did it And it was fun. It was lots of fun. It was easy, but it was fun. It was quick. It was very very quick Now the one I really want to talk about was Disciples disciples of erity now. I got this from somebody in The Chance who actually plays on it right friend joe Yeah, okay, and uh I didn't know you were on it at first. I put it in it was docked In the car. I'm like, I know this voice right and I got home and I read I'm like Right Yeah, how do you come up with this? This is really hard and heavy stuff. It's not it's not in your wheelhouse normally It's like it's not punk. It's heavy metal. Yes. It's it's more of a it's like prog metal kind of thing Yeah, it's very good prog metal. Yeah, um, and my friend, uh, who You can blame all of this on is george pond. He's okay george to george pond is Great bass player great producer Really picked him And he's uh And He kind of wrote me into it like we were at the nam show in anaheim california One year and he's like i'm doing this project and no they from around here. They're from south jersey Okay, so it's it's a long drive from here. So it's gonna say that's what we just did this week Yeah, yeah, exactly. It was he's yeah, he's from jackson. So, um, yeah He's from south south jersey. He's from real south jersey um and He's like i got this project. They got a couple songs Could you sing on them for me and let me see how this goes like two songs turn into six songs and six terms songs turn into an album Then you get the whole album then we had the whole whole album and then we got uh, kory pierce from A god forbid to play drums on it, which was which was great. He's him. He is amazing kory It's pain in the ass, but he's amazing and you know, um And just we tried to you know We rehearsed a lot with that and we tried and we went on the road for a bit for a bit with that And then we go on the road. Yeah, it's for a minute. It's like to smoke again the small clubs in a van again um, and Then we're right this very minute scoop. We're making a new record of this man. Okay with that man Very good. The cycles are varied for another album. You should look out for that. This should be out. Oh, well Yeah, I enjoyed that one. Yeah. Yeah speaking and making new music in december on youtube I do believe I saw a little clip on one minute or two minute clip of a living caller in a studio Yeah, I was working on new music. Oh, absolutely. We're always working. Always working on new music. It's it's It's difficult in 2017 Yeah, we we like to take our time in making albums That's that's a blessing and a curse because you get enough you get a lot of material While in the space between but you know Like back, you know, it's that nature abhors a vacuum So if there's nothing to do something will come up to do and we all have something to do, you know You're running around a lot. We're working all the time and um You know everybody's doing out doing other things, you know So it's hard like we have to we have to carve out time to be able to get together And really sort of concentrate on making a record, which you know is difficult You know when you you know I know for myself. I'm a parent my kids are going off to college Um Mine too. Yeah, you know without you. Those are my kids on sunday. I thought so but they didn't want to be rude No, no, those are my sons college at which college I am Um, I one of them wants to it was going to go to school around here somewhere I think one of this one of the suni school and the other one wants to be a Chef so are they twins? No, no, they're they're close in age Yeah, um, they we didn't waste any time They're mother and I now here's an awful question. Anybody have I asked if you're related to Roger Glover? Roger from deep purple No, I didn't think so Now Kristen was that Kristen Glover? No, I mean Donald no, no So no No, no, no We see you coming around with extreme. Yes. Yes. This summer.  Yeah, I'm hoping that does lead to more music. You guys out on the road. Maybe a little more, right? Yeah, yeah a little more collaborations. Yes, absolutely Um, does Cory have any solo stuff coming up that you want to come on? Well, I'm doing this As nothing I've I've written although I'm thinking about doing some more writing Um, you know, I had this thing where I do this acoustics thing that I was doing earlier this year We were opening for the guys from solo silo um And they were doing a duet the acoustic thing and it was me and my partner, uh Mike zero Who's also very busy So we think about doing it making an acoustic record. I'm also doing I've been doing this, uh sort of like this, uh Funk fusion sort of thing soul Kind of thing we played recently like two weeks ago up at the falcon, which is not that's what I meant We I saw that show too late. I just caught it that and that's a great place to play It's an amazing place. And that's where you did that show there.   We don't have I don't have children this old Thank you everybody close this old You don't have clothes. I don't have anything this old. I appreciate your time and this album is a classic And thanks for your time anytime. Thanks.


Hello everybody surprise surprise. I did not think that I would have a Monday mystery for you guys this morning however, my good friend Natalie over in Alaska with the channel questioning the narrative is going to be doing some guest presentation for some Monday mysteries Her channel again questioning the narrative is a lot like my own channel. She has started off exactly as I started off When I started esoteric Atlanta, I started it as a channel to research weird phenomenon here in Georgia And that is what Natalie is doing with her channel But in Alaska and so without further ado, please follow the rumble link down in the description box below to see the full episode Originally in this episode we were gonna leave it up on YouTube But we got into some pretty dicey water with some stuff that well, I was kind of told to put on rumble So I hope you guys enjoyed the episode before you go over to rumble Do make sure you do subscribe to Natalie's channel questioning the narrative to keep up with Natalie again She will be back on multiple times on my channel as in with most of my guests They always have an open invitation anyway So please go ahead and make sure that you subscribe to Natalie and then follow that link to rumble to watch the full episode


Ah, yes, the classic A-flat, excuse me, what the shit? I am confusion, just confusion Okay, well damn, I was feeling that Kinda convinced she makes videos like this For this guy right here I'm not normally a violent person But this makes me wanna go smack some people around Please don't Strange You what, minor 9 27 seconds of my life wasted Sorry


Hello and let's talk about Safura Zargar getting bail in the cases regarding the riots in Delhi. The 27-year-old activist who is 23 weeks pregnant was arrested on April 10th and is charged under the Draconian Unlawful Activities Prevention Act. The police claim that she was involved in a conspiracy that led to the riots in Delhi in February in which 53 people were killed. Zargar is a member of the Jamiya Coordination Committee which was in the forefront of organizing protests against the CAA, NRC and NPR. She was denied bail three times earlier. Safura's case is only one of the many that point to a larger web that is being viewed by the Delhi Police in connection with the riots. There is the case of Natasha Narval and Devangana Kalitha of the group Pinjarathode who also been booked under the UAPA. Earlier, there was a report of police claiming that the student activist Umar Khalid was involved in a meeting to cause trouble during Donald Trump's visit to Delhi. Incidentally, this so-called meeting took place much before there was any news of Trump visiting Delhi itself. And now reports have emerged that prominent activists such as Harsh Mandir and Yogendra Yadav are also named in the chart sheets related to the violence. Thus, according to the Delhi Police, a number of activists who called for peaceful protests and others involved in those protests, many of whom were Muslims, were all in some way involved in the riots in which the majority of those affected were also Muslims. And as for BJP leaders like Kapil Mishra who were on record making provocative speeches, there is well silence. We spoke to journalist Varsha Singh on the bail in the various cases that filed in connection with the riots. Here's what she had to say. Thank you Varsha for joining us. So we saw yesterday that Safoora Zargar was given bail. The court was very clear that this was not a precedent. It was not we treated as a precedent, it was purely on humanitarian grounds. And over the past few days, we've seen news about a lot of others being implicated in this case. Now this includes prominent activists, this includes people with links to political organizations. So we see that a very wide web is being created for lack of better words. So how do you evaluate what has been happening over the past few days? Thank you Prashant. And what I feel that yesterday the way Safoora Zargar who was part of Jamiya which was leading a very important movement in India that was against the New Citizenship Amendment Act, she was arrested and yesterday she was given the bail. And there was a huge movement persuasion to release her on bail because she was, as we know that she's pregnant. And with a complication, she has a pregnancy and that's why if you see how the court has come out that it is just on the humanitarian ground. So that also they made very clear that the rest of the people who have been arrested be it the woman activist of the Punjab, be it Natasha or Devayanga and many more, we have seen Meeraan Haider, whoever was the face of anti-CEA protest, Anti-Citizenship Amendment Act protest, finally they have been framed and taken to custody with the connection with the communal violence which happened in Delhi. And the list is very long. So far also we don't know who all are going to be involved in it because it's a daily evolving thing. If you see that it's a very strange process which is happening across us and that's also happening in the national capital. That now you have Yogan Yadav who is a well-known face in the political circle and academic and leading a political party who has been contesting the elections also. And he was very vocal and his all speeches during this movement which started in the national capital in the end of 2019. So you have Yogan Yadav, he has been implicated, his name is there. We have Harsh Mandar's name is there who is also a well-known activist and who has been working on a lot of issues along with the communal harmony and peace and all that. So what we find that there is a larger design which is taking place and the epic center of that design is national capital. It's a different from the Bhima Kuregaon thing which we have seen before where our incident happened in Maharashtra. And then the web has spread across the country and we find that those who are directly connected or not connected be it Gautam Nolaka, be it Anantel Tumde. All those who are very known face in the civil society in the academicia have been implicated. But this time what is the design and which is very dangerous sign for all of us is that now for this communal violence, those who were involved directly, whose videos are there, whose speeches are there, be it Kapil Mishra who is a very well-known face of BJP in Delhi. His speech is on record, his tweets are on record and the way he was moving around the national capital and raising the slogan, Goli Maro Salonko Deshke Gaddaronko that means that you shoot all the people who are traitors. And his speech at the Zafrabad police station and the whole place is all on record. But so far we don't find that all these names or all those names who are very much in the public domain, they are not even included in the charge sheet. They are not a part of the legal process which the Delhi police, at least for the sake of doing something justice or some, you can say that to pretend that they are neutral, they should have done. But we find the entirely other way that those who are working for the relief work also, be it Yogendra, be it Harsh Mandar. As a journalist, I went to all these places where the Delhi was burned and it was a design, it was a designed attack. It was not as all of sudden it happened and as we know national capital lost 53 Indian citizens in this violence and majority are Muslims, majority are Muslims. This whole area is minority dominated area where the violence happened. And what we find that now what the Delhi police and the administration is coming out, the home ministry is coming out, that basically it was Muslims who killed themselves. If you go through the whole logic which is being built behind this charge sheet, if you read it's a very lengthy charge sheet. But if you read it, the whole design which is coming out that it was basically the Muslims who themselves thought to kill themselves, burn their properties because that's how it is being whole framed. And it has been linked to the NTCA protest, Anti-Citizenship Amendment Act protest where there is no link so far because you also live in Delhi and you must be hearing the whole movement. And many people were going as a journalist also reporting there. So at that time there was no link. Basically these were the people who were trying to make a peace, to make a relief to distribute the food, distribute the clothes. And now what you find that from Safoora Zargar to Miran Haider to Natasha and the list is very long. All those people who were initially raising their legitimate voice, constitutional voice against one act of the central government, they have been finally framed and now there is a whole process of taking a revenge. The state is taking a revenge from those people who were raising their voice. Majority who have been framed are Muslims, be it activists like Safoora Zargar who was a very well-known face of the Jamia Milia movement. Because as we know that the whole movement of the Shaheen Bagh started when the Jamia, there was an attack on the Jamia students by the police. Then the Shaheen Bagh women who just live nearby to the Jamia University, they came out to protect their children who were studying there. So this is the whole chronology. I am just explaining in detail because it's very necessary to repeat again and again what happened and how the state is now presenting the whole case in the other way. So that's a very dangerous precedent and I think that the way they have just been pointed to some of the very known civil society persons like Yogendra or Harsh and they are saying that many more are there. It's still not closed. It's an open thing and if you find that initially the Charsheet, these names were not there. The initial Charsheet, these names were not there and this other plus others, 17 plus. So this is a very, you can say that they are later thought when they thought that it looks like. We can't say anything because we are not an investigative agency. We can just say and report from outside what the apprehensions are but the apprehensions are very clear because the moment the way it is going on, the way they have implicated Harsh and there was a huge, I read the whole Charsheet in that it is being said and many of the journalists were there when Harsh was speaking at the Jamiya gate. I was there and at that time also he was saying that there is a need of peace. He was talking about Mahatma Gandhi and all the things that we have to build up the movement and the people have to come on the street. But you see the way it has been twisted and turned and now we find that for the killing of our Delhi constable, all these names are there. So which is very weird that how this case is being built. At least a little relief is there that Safura is out but the way, even the judiciary is coming out with their comments and initially also when it was said in the court about the Safura. That she was not directly involved, she was just in the Jamiya. Then the way the observation of the judge has come that if you play with the fire, then if you are on burn. So this whole is a set narrative in which this whole case is going and I think it is testing of the waters this Indian intelligence and the Delhi police is doing. The same way they have done with the Bhima Coregaon because I find a huge similarity between both cases. The way it was designed and later the names were added and the names of the people who have never gone to Bhima Coregaon who are not even the supporters of Bhima Coregaon incident where there is a Dalit upsurge of identity. Because I had a personal talk with Anantail Tumde also before and he was saying that he has a strong reservation about the whole movement of the Bhima Coregaon. And irony is that now when we are talking Anantail Tumde is inside bars. He is in jail for the same case, same for the Gautam Nolakhha. So the same way we find that Yogendra be it Yogendra or be it Harsh Mandar, all who have been always talking about the constitutional ways of movement, of peace, of relief. Now they have been booked, their name has come for the killing of one and there is a Sikh activist also. I met him at the Shaheen Bagh. We have so many stories for him. He sold his flat just to keep the longer to feed the people in the Shaheen Bagh, the women who are protesting. So this I find that this design is, we have to question this design. Basically the way it is moving because this is the design is to crush the civil society voice of dissent in national capital. Because now Indian state is planning to start with the national population register. Again the process is they are saying that their news that they may start from the July or August. So they want to basically control the whole voices of dissent. When they start again, there should be no voices left to raise this thing. Thank you so much for talking to us. In our next segment, we bring you an interview with Brazilian social leader, Jesse Diana. A lot of comparisons have been made between how India and Brazil have been handling the COVID-19 crisis, not the least due to the ideological similarities between PM Modi and Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro. Brazil now is reported over 1.14 million cases and over 52,500 deaths. On Tuesday, the country reported close to 40,000 cases in the preceding 24 hours. And along with the US is among the biggest contributors to the global case count. Jesse Diana talks about the context in which the pandemic is raging in Brazil. So the situation in Brazil is extremely serious. This ends up being expressed through the number of deaths. Today we have reached almost 47,000 deaths already here in Brazil. Because in the first place, the president of the country, who is the largest political authority, reacted negatively regarding the disease. In other words, from the point of view of anti-science, anti-raising, he denies the gravity of this epidemic, of a pandemic that is harming the whole world. All state leaders are taking measures to counter the pollution and to seek cure, to seek a minimum of people in their countries being contaminated and killed because of this coronavirus. All countries made various measures and even adjustments from the health point of view to deal with the health crisis. And here in Brazil, in the first place, the president denies the disease. So he called it a flu, said that it was not all that, that it was a flu and any. And denied the serious impact on the health of our country. So this is a first element, because besides not taking measures because he reacts negatively, he also sends a message to the population. Because part of the population sees the president as an authority who knows what he is saying. So when the president says, go to the streets, work, keep your lives normal, part of the population believes and part of the population actually minus the gravity of the disease. So this is a first element. The second is that, as a consequence of this negative position, he also did not take the necessary measures so that we could counter the pollution. So the president denies all the measures that the WHO is giving to everyone. So the social isolation measures as the only way until today, provenly, that it can counter the progress of the coronavirus. It has not yet developed the vaccine, the medicine. So the only way that the doctors say that it is possible to counter the deaths is with social isolation. And he denies social isolation and, consequently, all the necessary measures. Because what would be needed in Brazil? First, to develop more beds to be able to accommodate the people who are being contaminated in our only health system. Second, the state would need to assume that the beds of private hospitals, which today in Brazil did not happen, this happened in several parts of the world, so that we do not have to choose between who will die and who will live because of their financial social condition. Third element, also the tests. The number of tests in Brazil is very low. And the fact that we do not have many tests makes us not have a forecast of when this cloud will be damaged, of when the peak has come, of when people are contaminated and, consequently, without this forecast you will not be able to have a strategy to counter the disease. And we miss everything. We miss the EPI for the health staff who work in hospitals. So it is a situation of extreme calamity and deep sanitary crisis in the decline of the negationist posture and also the lack of necessary measures to guarantee social isolation. So here in Brazil, the opposition to the government in the National Congress, since the beginning of the pandemic, made several fights to be able to approve measures that guarantee social isolation. One of them was the emergency income. The opposition proposed a minimum wage. The government was offering R$ 200, which is not possible for anything here in Brazil. And after this dispute it ended up conquering R$ 600, R$ 600,000 and R$ 200, which was approved. But until today, millions of Brazilians will not be able to access this resource due to the bureaucracy of the government. So all this makes people continue to work on the streets because they need to survive. So the government also played with this discussion of if we guarantee social isolation, if you stay at home you will not have food, you will not have a job, the economy will stop. So it put the population between hunger and the coronavirus. But if you stay at home and do not work, that is, do not put yourself at the risk of the coronavirus, you get hungry. So it put the population between death and the disease, or death, due to the lack of living conditions.


Hey, my name is Samson Evercom. I play for the Los Angeles Rams, and it's time for football. I would probably say, me personally, your best game this year was against the Chiefs. That's what everybody says. What would you say then? Well, what I say, I think every game is my best game. The next game is my best game. That's my mentality. I see you got a bottle of Gatorade right here. You actually have an up on the people at the podium. They're actually not allowed to drink that. It's actually just planted to the table. So how do you feel about them? Do you feel bad that they're not hydrated? A little bit, because I know that they're talking a lot. So I'm pretty sure that they get thirsty. If they're not able to drink the Gatorade, that's put right in front of them. That's kind of bad. Final question, man. How surreal is this? Just looking around, seeing everybody, seeing all the media members. What's going through your head? Honestly, I'm kind of just still taking it in, because there's a lot of different media this year. Like tying the football, you guys are the first that I'm hearing about you guys. But it's pretty awesome. We're a big deal now that you're on here. Oh, man, it's pretty awesome. So, you know, yeah, I'm just kind of just taking it in, just looking around and enjoying the scenery and just focusing on the task ahead. All right, brother, best of luck. Appreciate it. Thank you.


Hello. I'm happy to present today my work on statistical stopping criteria for automated screening and systematic reviews, which I've done with my colleague, Finn and Mila Hansen. So in an evidence synthesis project, we have to identify studies. So we have to separate relevant from irrelevant documents. And this can be very time consuming. Machine learning can help. And we can use active learning pipelines, which means we have iterations of human screening documents, followed by the training of a machine learning algorithm using those human decisions. Then the machine learning algorithm predicts relevant probability for all remaining documents. And then documents are ordered in descending order of predicted relevance. And there is a fairly large literature on this, but it's worth saying that often the work savings which are identified have potential work savings, because they're dependent on a prior knowledge of how many relevant studies we're looking for. So to achieve these savings, we need to stop screening early. And in the paper, we go into a little bit more detail about why existing ways to do this are insufficient. In this presentation, I want to make a concrete example using some hard code. And we basically set up a toy data set with 2000 documents of which 100 are relevant. And we represent this as a vector of zeros and ones. So a zero is irrelevant. And a one is irrelevant document. And the parameter we're most interested in recall. And that's the number of relevant documents that we've seen divided by the number of relevant documents in total. And often we have a target level of recall, which is something like 95%. So if we screen the documents at random, then we will see 95% of relevant documents. So that's the y axis. After seeing about 95% of all documents. So this line here represents the achievement target. However, if we can use machine learning to identify relevant documents faster, we will achieve this target faster and we'll save some work. Or we could we could save some work. However, to save the work, we need to decide when to stop. And actually, we don't know, we don't have enough information to make that decision. Because here it looks like it might be a good time to stop. But actually, when we have the full information about the data set, we can see that this is too early. And so what we need to do is we need to calculate using a bit of maths when it is actually saved to stop. And we do that basically by using information about the documents we've already screened to infer something about the distribution of relevant documents in the documents that are less that are yet to be screened. And so what we do is we imagine that we stop machine learning prioritized screening at some point and start drawing it random without replacement from the remaining documents. So in probability theory, we use the analogy of an earn with green marbles, which are relevant documents or successes, and red marbles, which are irrelevant documents or fails. And using the hypergeometric distribution, we can calculate the probability of drawing k relevant documents in a sample of n documents from an earn that had n total documents, of which k were relevant. And so I have to skip these slides a little bit for time, but we can calculate a lot of these parameters. But the problem is we don't actually know k, so we can't simply do this calculation. What we have to do is we have to substitute a value in for k. And we do that in order to develop a hypothesis test for a null hypothesis that we haven't yet reached our target. So k time is the number of documents that would have been in the earn, number of relevant documents that would have been in the earn at the start of screening, if we have not yet achieved our we call target. And so we can calculate a p score for this, and if this p score is below our critical value, then we can reject the null hypothesis and say it's safe to stop screening. We can calculate this at every point along here. And here are the p values that we get for each of these little red dots. And you can see that at some point, we reach a point where p is below 0.05 where we can say, we reject the null hypothesis that we haven't achieved 95% recall. And this is a little bit after the time when we do actually achieve that. But that's not so useful because we don't want to start a random sample. So what we can do is we can treat the previously screened documents as if they were drawn from a random sample. And this is a conservative assumption, as long as the machine learning hasn't completely backfired. So we take the last one, the last two, the last three, etc. documents and calculate the p value for as if we had started a random sample here, here, here and here. And so here are the different p values that we can calculate for all of the different subsets of previously screened documents from this point. And you can see that at no point is the p value low enough to reject the null hypothesis. And so what we do is that we can calculate this at every point, the minimum p value, and this gives us these values here. And this shows that after about three quarters of all of the seeing all of the documents, we have enough evidence to say it's safe to stop, to stop screening. And we actually tested this on this 20 systematic review data sets, simulating 100 machine learning assisted reviews of each of these data sets, and our criteria naturally performed reliably. And you can see, you can have a look at the paper to see how this compares to other approaches, but it's the only one that's actually reliable in this sense. So thanks very much for listening. All of the our code you need to reproduce this or to calculate this p value in your using your own data is in this presentation. And this is also online, as is all of the code. Thanks very much.


Seven million people in this metropolitan area. Seven million black people, white people, Chicanos, Indians, Chinese, Japanese people. People on the move, working, raising families, building the city and their future. But in 1969, the minority businessmen in the construction industry found himself unable to build very much of the city, much less a future for himself. They have 870,000 identical contracting firms in the United States, not more than 8,000 are owned by either Negroes or Spanish-speaking Orientals or any other minority group. And this represents that they only have about 1% of $10 billion of construction opportunities. All they knew that they were not getting their share of the pie. Most of the minority contractors are concentrated in a minority area and we are not getting any work outside of the minority area. They don't have a regular means of communication that the majority developers have. Give our contractors an opportunity to be on bid on other jobs that now they know nothing about. They don't know that it's going on until they see the building going up. One of the most serious problems that Duke confront on a day-to-day basis of the minority contract is, of course, his inability to obtain bonding. As a consequence, this cuts him out of an opportunity to participate in any kind of a real way with any federal construction. He has been unable to handle anything except a single family or small unit developments. Minority contractors are capable of doing bigger things. They are well qualified. They need the opportunity. A simple problem, lack of opportunity. Yet a complex problem involving contracts, bonds, loans and more. To solve one, each of the others has to be solved. In 1969, a committee of officials from federal agencies became involved. I was Vice-Chairman of the Critical Urban Problems Committee of the Federal Executive Board in Los Angeles. And in the committee itself, the problem came up about bonding and bonding for minority contractors. Now, in exploring bonding, we found that it was more extensive than just bonding. It's lack of participation by the minority developers. The board met and worked for a year to identify all of the problems and to develop a plan to solve them. Now, we wanted to put some of the money into the minority community. And we failed. We met with John Brown of the Los Angeles Minority Contracts Association. We worked predominantly black. We also met with some of the Mexican-American general contractors in East Los Angeles to try and see if we could organize an association of Mexican-American contractors. Finally, that plan, the Los Angeles plan, was approved in Washington and announced in November 1970. The Department of Housing and Urban Development was given the responsibility for leading these efforts. The first step of the plan was to set aside federal contracts for minority businesses. Minority construction contractors would not be required to bid on contracts, which is the usual practice, but could negotiate directly with federal agencies for these awards. Contracting opportunities were set aside from minority contractors, which was, of course, the first step in the door of construction. Participating in what we feel is meaningful construction when you're about the business of putting up 80-some odd units. And you're getting into the arena of the million-dollar construction ballgame. Under this plan, HUD pledged 1,000 units of housing to be constructed at a total cost of $20 million, under the 235 and 236 programs. These programs enabled the construction of homes for purchase and rent by low-income families. In order to qualify for these contracts, projects had to provide opportunities for minority businessmen, not only contractors, but developers, architects, lawyers, engineers, and others. All the people necessary to plan and build housing. Marnez Batakit, Associate Director of the Housing Opportunity Center, a group which sponsors non-profit housing, sponsored a 236 project, Willowbrook Manor. We actually were the first to break ground under the Los Angeles plan. We pulled together a total minority team for building the project. The architect, the contractor, soils engineer, all were blacked. We also have a practically 100% minority team of subcontractors working on this project. It's a 16-unit project of two, three, and four-bedroom apartments. A small business administration program known as ATA permitted other federal contracts to be set aside for minority firms eligible under the program. Other federal agencies pledged contracts for minority construction companies, a total of $3.2 million worth, including demolition work for the Office of Emergency Preparedness, construction and rehabilitation of post offices, construction for Vandenberg Air Force Base, the General Services Administration, the Army Corps of Engineers, the Veterans Administration, and others. In addition, HUD reserved $13.4 million of construction work under Operation Rehabilitation to upgrade housing to meet standards for the 235 and 236 programs. And that effect of this means that contractors who have disadvantages such as adequate financing and adequate bonding opportunities do have a way about which of competing with the contractors, the more fluent contractors, shall I say, are fluent in the sense that these contractors have better cash flows, better lines of credits, better relationships with material and suppliers. Setting aside contracts for negotiation instead of requiring bidding was just a start. In order to make good this promise, in some cases loans had to be arranged for working capital for the contractors and sponsors. Money which would be used to purchase land, higher attorneys, and architects, undo the many things necessary before ground is broken and building is begun. Contractors in need of working capital were referred to the Small Business Administration. Through a program which guarantees banks against any losses from such loans, SBA was able to provide up to $350,000 lines of credit. Others helped too. The Nonprofit Housing Center provided loans for some 236 projects. The Minority Contractors Assistance Project, a national nonprofit organization, worked closely with one contractor. We found out that the first thing that was missing was working capital. So the most important role that MCAP did play in this was providing a loan of $50,000. Although the contracts and loans were available, the job still was not done. They remained the problem of bonding. By law, a contractor to work on federal construction must obtain from a surety or bonding company a performance bond which guarantees that the work will be completed. Minority Contractors had difficulty obtaining these bonds. One of the tactics seems to be just to take the application and then wait. And they usually try to out-wait the contractor and the nonprofit sponsor. And of course in this way, they just keep you from getting bonds. Some contractors thinking they had the necessary track record to obtain bonds found that they did not. They had been participating in joint ventures with more experienced and affluent white contractors. They had never participated jointly by having that name on a bid or a performance bond which is extremely important in building a track record with surety companies. To solve this problem, several things were done. For some contracts, HUD waived the bonding requirement. In cases where the bonding requirement could not be dropped entirely, HUD reduced the amount of the bond required. In addition, a small business administration program which guarantees bonds provided help for some small subcontractors. And some contractors were helped in other ways. We also played a role as a broker in arguing very favorably on the fact that the Thompson-Pickey Construction Company did indeed have an excellent track record in contract of building as attested to by the numerous of buildings that they had joint ventured successfully. In and all over the city of Los Angeles. We had to go back and construct a track record that would indeed satisfy the sureties. Now with contracts available and arrangements for bonding and for working capital, another idea was added. Raymond Carrasco, director of the HUD Area Office in Los Angeles. From there we went to getting established developers to assist the minority developers because we found that the technical know-how had to be really exploited or we would not be able to move the program. And we looked at it in this manner that they were participating in the programs and going quite wealthy from it. And as part of their social and economic assistance, they should provide this assistance to the minority developer. And Mr. Ray Watt organized a team of big brothers. I thought that if we sat down with certainly a portion of these major builders and told them what we were interested in doing and how sincere we were with regards to it being in the best interest of the country and the nation and the industry, why give these people an opportunity to build for themselves and develop this expertise, why it would all be better off. Nine companies joined Ray Watt in the Volunteer Management Assistance Committee and helped developers of the 235 and 236 projects. As we say, the new builder processed his project through the different steps. The experienced builder would assign someone to this builder in the particular area, whether it was how to buy the land, how to tie it up, how to write up the escrow with a contingency, how to approach the engineering problems, how to approach the market feasibility, how to prepare the FHA application, where they'd get complete knowledge of how to make money in this business and become self-sustaining. All of the pieces were now in place. Contracts, loans, bonds and technical assistance. But the people who gave the Los Angeles plan life were those who developed and built the projects. We realized at an early point in time that we needed to develop these packaging teams and this involved attorneys, the architects, the real estate brokers, the full team. It's amazing just how fast they started to develop their teams and actually kept them intact for many other projects, not only the LA plan. Joseph Avila, an attorney. We begin to understand the problems of the other professionals so that I as an attorney begin to understand some of the problems of Mr. Juarez as the architect and some of the problems of Mr. Baraza as the contractor. It also has introduced us to the idea of with three people out in the field that we can begin to discover more business opportunities that require the other two individuals. David Lockhart, William Lockhart Associates Housing Consultants. We've seen architects, attorneys, consultants and contractors brought together to put together a package that has been of a definite good nature and also we've seen them be able to move off into other programs and mainstream of the housing industry of utilizing the same teams. This was one of the biggest spin-offs that we got from the program and that we not only had or were enriching say one contractor or one developer but we're actually developing a full consortium of firms of different disciplines. Over 60 black and Chicano professionals worked on these teams. For some, the plan had a significant effect on their business. I think that there had been no recognition of a black civil engineer in this area and by having to really ferret out one, we found one and he has worked I think on 85% of all the set-aside programs now so he has benefited tremendously from it. In the beginning, it almost had a disastrous effect because in order to really understand the ball game, I've had to relinquish activities in other areas so that I can concentrate my attention on this. If we were to compute it time-wise initially, I was probably working for about 35 cents an hour but I'm at that point now where additional contract opportunities are coming so which means that over the long run, I will make all what I lost back plus in about another year's time. I probably would make considerably more than I would have under my normal practice. It has changed my practice. I'm no longer the neighborhood divorce or criminal attorney. I'm an attorney that is specializing in construction, in financing, in dealing with other business people. We were able to get a taste of what it was like to be a developer rather than just have one specific role in the total housing packaging program. Almost 40 Chicano and Black general contractors worked under the Los Angeles plan and almost 1,000 Chicano and Black subcontractors worked with them, building 235 and 236 housing and employing almost 8,000 workers. Evan Williams, president of Evan's construction company. It also enabled us to gear our business around government projects and at the present time there's substantial amount of work where we have grown from a $100,000 business in a year's time to a $2 million business. It is estimated that a total of 11,000 jobs were provided by the Los Angeles plan. When the projects are completed, over 3,500 units of housing will have been built. Fernando Juarez, an architect. The buildings, they're good construction. They're first quality construction. We're not giving people anything inferior. Mr. and Mrs. Michael Walker are living in one of those houses. I heard about this 235 plan. I put an application for it and it took me quite a while to get it. But I think it's a pretty good deal and this is something I can afford. I expected like the kitchen here. That's the only thing different because it was three bedrooms. This one's four and I think we needed a larger room because we have four kids. It's a nice neighborhood and there's plenty of kids for the kids to play with. It used to be when I was living in the other place, I didn't care too much about the place because it seemed like landlord didn't. Now it seems like it's because it's my own place. I care a little bit more and all the people around here seems just to have the same attitude. So far, so good. Businesses are growing and housing is being provided for families in need of it. But something was happening in the minority communities. The investment group has been in operation for approximately two and a half years or three years. It was created with the idea that we needed an entity that would deal with economic development or vario renewal. Now the original conception of an investment group has been more or less evolving into a corporation. And a corporation which we are now forming is CEDA, which is Corporación Económica de Zarodiaslan, which will be dealing also with economic development but with its cardinal thrust in housing. Just last night I was at a meeting with about 10 local architects and we have decided that we will establish a regional association of black architects to assist each other in ferreting out and I guess in isolating some of the problems that have come to all of us. And something was happening between the communities. I think when Florence and I first met, Florence was representing a non-profit sponsor and I was representing the general contractor and that's initially brought us together and then Florence and I started talking and realized that it might be a good idea to try and join a black attorney and a brown attorney and take advantage of the specializing in housing. As far as we're aware of the firm will be the only firm in the United States that has a black lawyer and a brown lawyer as the principles. Some of our members are doing work for the black contractors and some of the black contractors are doing work for the brown contractors so we are really developing a real joint venture in many ways. And not only did it bring the black communities a little closer together and the brown communities a little closer together but I think hopefully it's going to bring the black and brown communities a little closer together and we're going to be able to make a concerted effort whether it's in housing or whether it's in employment and make this concerted effort together rather than against each other. What of the future? HUD has published a directory prepared by the Urban League of Minority Businesses active in the building industry in the United States. I think a complete up-to-date registry of who the housing professionals are is an excellent notion and it can obviously has its fallout benefits. Major white developers that want to do business with minority business firms will have and can have a place to go to identify the participants. But most important is the wish expressed by many including architect Carl Kinsey regarding the Los Angeles plan. I would hope that it would serve as kind of a model that it would formulate some kind of goals approaches and they would open the doors even wider to other architects, developers and the likelihood so that there's broad based participation in the economic life here in this country. To help achieve that objective, HUD announced the Minority Housing Goals Program this year requiring that targets be set by every HUD area office and FHA ensuring office in the nation. Targets for involving minority businesses in the production and management of HUD assisted housing. The Los Angeles plan proved that this approach can work. I feel that ultimately it's going to resolve a lot of our problems and it's something that we should do but there's nothing easy about it, you know, you still have to go out and find the project that'll stand on its own and there's no grant or anything given away here.


Everybody, Dr. O here. This is it. We started with the skull and now we're all the way down to the toes. So we're going to cover the foot here. The foot. I like to break the foot into the hind foot, which would be your tarsal ankle bones. The mid foot, which would be your metatarsals, and then the fore foot, which would be your digits or phalanges. Let's start with your seven tarsal bones. Remember, there are eight carpal bones in your wrist, seven tarsal bones here in your ankle. First, we have the talus. This is going to be the actual ankle joint where you see the flexion and extension or what's known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion. You have the calcaneus, which will be your heel, and the rest of them are just going to make up the rest of this hind foot. The navicular, the cuboid, which is shaped somewhat like a cube, so that's a good name for it. Then we have the medial, towards the midline, medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform bones. So those make up your seven tarsals, the talus and the calcaneus being the two most important ones. Then you have the mid foot, which is going to be your metatarsal bones there. Then you have your phalanges. So they're a total of 14. Your big toe or your halux has two, proximal and distal. Then the rest of the toes all have three, proximal, middle, and distal. That's why you get to 14. What else there? So the thumb is called the pollux, and the big toe or great toe is called the halux.  It's a little trick to help you remember that. All right. So those are your tarsal bones in the rest of your foot. I hope this helps. Have a wonderful day. Be blessed.


The Craft Foods Company presents Harold Perry as the Great Gilder Sleeve. The Great Gilder Sleeve is brought to you by the Craft Foods Company makers of Parquet Margarine. Millions of women all over America serve Parquet because it tastes so good. Why, Parquet tastes like it should cost twice as much. To market, to market, to give some parquet. Home again, home again, try it today. You like it, you love it, like me, who said they're favorite margarine. Parquet Margarine made by Craft. Well, like a lot of us, the Great Gilder Sleeve hasn't done much of his Christmas shopping yet. With only eight more shopping days to go, he's finally grappling with the situation. It's after dinner now, and we find the great man hunched over his desk in the den. Skates, car boy belt buckle, table tennis set, basketball. Yes, that takes care of Leroy. A coat for Birdie. A wrist watch for Adeline. So, there's the Jolly Boys. Oh, my goodness, I've got a lot of people to buy presents for. Got a lot of extra expenses too. The baby getting married. I'll just have to cut down a little on every present, I guess. Oh, there you are, Miss Gilder Sleeve. Yes, Birdie. Oh, hello, baby. Little Romary. Just brought her in to say good night. It's her bedtime. Yeah, good night, little darling. Sleep tight. Just been figuring out what I'm going to get the baby for Christmas, Birdie. I'm going shopping tomorrow. Oh, that's nice. The time I get all the things for her and Leroy and Marjorie, it's going to cost me a small fortune. Yes, I guess so. Well, that's worth it, though. But I'm going to have to cut down somewhere this year. Yes. Yeah, I have to economize on somebody, Birdie. Oh. Well, you don't have to say no more, Miss Gilder Sleeve, I understand. What? If you can't afford to buy me a present, it's okay with me. But Birdie, I didn't... It's all right, I understand. But I want to buy you a present. I know you want to, Miss Gilder Sleeve, but if you can't afford it, don't you worry, I understand. But you don't understand. Yes, I do. I just want to see those children's happy faces when they open their presents. That's all I want. That's very nice of you, Birdie, but... No, sir, you don't have to buy me no presents. Christmas morning, when the family comes downstairs and says, Merry Christmas, Birdie, that's enough for me. But, Birdie... Good night, Mr. Gilder Sleeve, and don't worry, I understand. Oh, dear. Good old Birdie. Well, she's going to get that coat anyway. I'd like to save some place, though. Let me see. I'm getting Leroy and Marjorie an awful lot of presents. Maybe they wouldn't mind giving up just one thing. Every little bit helps. Now, Leroy doesn't have to have that basketball. Sure. I'll just explain to the boy. I have to save some money. He's old enough to understand. Leroy. Yeah? Oh, you and me, living room. Well, how are you this evening, my boy? Huh? I said, how are you? I'm okay. Well, that's good. And how's school? School? How am I on Christmas vacation, onk? Oh, yes, of course. Christmas. See, that reminds me, Leroy. I wanted to talk to you about something. You know, Christmas is a wonderful time of the year. Sure it is. Little families gather around the Christmas tree. Everybody gives each other presents. Yeah. But remember, Leroy, it isn't how much you give. It's the spirit in which you give it. Oh, sure. Glad you understand that, my boy. So I know you won't mind if I don't give you that basketball. What? No, Leroy. You promised me. I know that. Sorry, you get your basketball? I was... Yeah. See you later. Just a kid. Can't expect him to understand. I'll go up and talk to Marjorie. She's older. I can explain these things to her. Won't be the end of the world if she doesn't get those silver slimmers. Sure, she'll understand. Well, Marjorie sounds happy. Marjorie! Thank you. Marjorie, what are you all dressed up for? Are you going out tonight? Oh, no. I was just trying on my formal. Make sure it looks all right for the school dance New Year's. Well, you look beautiful, my dear. Do I really, Yankee?  He isn't that cute. Marjorie, there's something I wanted to ask you. Oh, Uncle Mort. I know I'm going to have a wonderful time at that dance. I'm sure you will, but... I'll be dancing on air all evening. I just can't believe it. What's that? I'll be wearing my first pair of silver slippers. I've always wanted a pair. And now you're going to get them for me. Uh, yeah. You're just the most wonderful Anki in the whole world. Here's what I think of you. Now, Auntie, what was it you wanted to ask me? Uh, may I have the next waltz? Didn't do so well with Leroy and Marjorie last night. Well, Christmas is really for children anyway. Got to save on somebody, though. Maybe the Jolly Boys. After all, they're adults. Except the judge, he's in his second childhood. But what if they get me expensive presents? I'll try to find out. I can start with Pee-Vee. I'll just drop you in the drug store a minute. Santa Claus is coming at the town. Well, good morning, Pee-Vee. Oh, hello, mister. Do you want me to say it? A nice morning, isn't it? Yeah, it seems to be. I'm going to have a good night. I'm going to have a good night. I'm going to have a good night. I'm going to have a good night. Pee-Vee? Now, Pee-Vee, I'm going to do a little Christmas shopping today. Oh, natural. Yeah, I'm taking the day off. I guess the office can get along without me for one day. Yes, I believe it can. Yeah. Go right down to Hogan Brothers and finish up. Have you done your Christmas shopping, Pee-Vee? Yes, I have. Oh? You bought all your presents? Yes. Mrs. Pee-Vee and I wrapped them last night and put them under the tree. Well, then I guess you'll wrap mine. Yes, we did. Was it a big package? Well, it was a small package. I didn't say that. And I guess it was about medium. I didn't say that either. I guess you didn't get me anything too fancy. How's that? I mean, I don't suppose you got me anything expensive. Why not? Well, I mean... Mr. Gildersleeve, no one has ever called me a cheapskate. Pee-Vee, I didn't say that. I don't toss my money to the winds, but I do have a reputation as a moderate spender. Of course you do. No, sir, there aren't any fish hooks in my pocket. I know that, Pee-Vee. I didn't mean that at all. I just didn't think that you should spend too much money on my present. Why not? What? I can afford it. Oh, my goodness. In fact, I'm buying bigger presents than ever this year. You are? Certainly. Pee-Vee's pharmacy may not be a gold mine, Mr. Gildersleeve, but it's a good living. Pee-Vee, I... Of course I'm just a little businessman, not a city official. I can't take the day off and go shopping on the taxpayers' time. Oh! Look here, Pee-Vee. I'm earning my salary. I'm worth every cent the taxpayers pay me. Well, now, I wouldn't say that. Sir! Merry Christmas! Stores, you're crowded. It's like everybody's doing the shopping today. Mr. Benzies! Every time I come in here, they're looking for Bentley. Well, let's see. Where shall I start? Where's that list I made out? You'll be. Huh? Oh, hello, Jack. I thought I saw your rotund figure pushing through there. Yeah, it is jammed in here. Has it been crowded like this all morning? No, Gildy, just since you came in. Now, look, Judge, I've got a lot of shopping to do. I've just about finished mine. Good for you. Yes, I just made a purchase at the Thai department. Now I'm going... The Thai department? Yeah, I bought a present there for a friend. Oh, you did? Anybody I know? Daisy's don't tell, Gildy. Well, just give me a hint, Petunia.  You'll just have to wait until you look into your stocking Christmas morning. Oh, for good. Goodbye, Noel. He's not fooling anybody. I bet he bought me a cheap Thai again, just like he did last year. That's all right with me. At least I can save some money on his present. What in the world is that? Excuse me. Excuse me, madam. Here we are. Can I help you, sir? Yes, I'd like to look at your dollar ties. Yes, sir. This kind of right here. Oh, yes. Pretty bright patterns, aren't they? Peppermint stripes, pinwheels. Here's one with big yellow sunflowers on it. Just the thing for the judge. Would you like one with a sunflower, sir? Sure. If the old goat doesn't want to wear it, he can always eat it. I beg your pardon? Nothing. Now, put it in a box, please. It's a gift. Third floor, sporting goods, menswear. Out, please. Out! Roy's basketball up here. That one's rather nice. Oh, my goodness. There's Hooker again. What's he doing following me around? Really sees that dollar tie. May I see the blue silk robe again, please? Yes, sir. Wonder who he's buying a dressing gown for. That's very nice. Do you have that in a larger size? Oh, yes, sir. What size did you want? The largest you have. It's for a very fact, darling. Oh? I wonder. Oh, you couldn't be buying that for me. It's someone I've known for years. I'm really very fond of him. Could be. I know it's more than he'll get me, but, after all, he has a lot of expenses with his family. By George, it is me. I misjudged that fine old fellow. He's true blue. And I got him a necktie with sunflowers on it. I'm going to take it right back and get him something nice. Down, please, down. Oh, Clark. Clark. Yes, sir. I bought this necktie. The one with the big sunflowers. Remember? But, sir, you just bought it. I know that. But I just remembered that the friend I bought it for can't stand sunflowers. And he's got hay fever. Oh, I see. Yes, so if you'll just give me my money back. But, sir, that means I'll have to make out an entire credit slip just for a dollar. Couldn't you exchange the time? No, I can't. You've got a lot of nerve anyway, selling me a cheap tie like that from my very good friend, the judge. All right, I'll make out the credit slip. I'll be right back. Yes, I told him. Who does he think he is? Well, well, you did. What? Oh, hello, Horace, old friend. Yelly, are you buying me one of those dollar ties for Christmas? An old friend like you, I wouldn't think of it, judge. I'm going to get you something much more expensive, Horace. Well, it's very nice of you. Don't mention it. But you really shouldn't. Oh, forget it. And I want to assure you, judge, it has nothing to do with what you're getting from me. Well... And, of course, if I find a blue silk dressing gown in my stocking, I'll know Santa Claus didn't bring it. What? Don't you pretend now, judge.  Oh, you did. I know, Horace. You wanted to surprise me on Christmas. I've got a surprise for you right now, Gildy. I didn't buy that robe for you. Huh? I got it from a cousin in Wichita. You did? Yes. You know, the one that's a butcher. Sorry to disappoint you, Gildy. Well, I've got to be going. Bye. No. You old goat. What does a butcher need a dressing gown for? You probably wear a straw hat with it. Well, here you are, sir. What? Here's your credit slip for the tie. I don't want it. What? But, sir, you said you wanted to get something else for your friend. He's no friend of mine. Give me that tie back. Mr. Wall, are we going to talk now? Sure, Birdie, if you'd like to. Well, to tell the truth, I like eating what we talk about more than I like talking about it. Well, friends, as you may have guessed, Birdie is on her favorite subject, parquet, the margarine that tastes like it should cost twice as much. And the reason parquet tastes so good is it's made from the selected products of American farms and prepared with all the care of a rare luxury food. It has the fine, delicate flavor. It has the nutritional value plus 15,000 units of essential vitamin A. Yes, it's a luxury in every way but one. Parquet costs only about half as much as the most expensive spreads. Well, Mr. Wall, anybody can tell that by just looking around at the store. But if you want to know how good parquet tastes, you've got to take some parquet on a knife, spread it on something, maybe hot cornbread. Hot cornbread. Or muffins or pancakes or toast. Then pop it right into your mouth. Mr. Wall, when you get that parquet flavor you like so much, you don't care whether you do any talking or not. Well, why not take birdie suggestion, friends? Get parquet and tomorrow enjoy this margarine made by Kraft that tastes like it should cost twice as much. That's P-A-R-K-A-Y. Well, it's afternoon now and the Great Gilder Sleeve is still fighting the crowds in Hogan Brothers' department store. So far, his plans to economize on his Christmas shopping haven't worked out very well. Right now, he's on the fourth floor in Toyland where he's just finished buying the presents for the baby. Ugh. My feet were certainly tired. I'll get on a ploy pretty soon. Relax for a while and get a haircut. Ugh, certainly haven't saved any money so far, except on the judge, him and his fat cousin in Wichita. Mr. Bentley, catch! Mr. Bentley! My goodness, haven't they found Bentley yet? Oh, I guess I'll... Oh, look at that cute little music box. Wonder what it plays. The big bad wolf. Isn't that cute? Certainly have wonderful things for kids nowadays. And look at those little mechanical toys. That's this. A little toy barber shaving a customer. I'll just wind it up.  Reminds me of Floyd. Only 99 cents. Say, that wouldn't make a bad Christmas present for him. It's just 10, but I bet Floyd would get a kick out of it. He's not very sentimental about Christmas anyway. It's the thought that counts. And only 99 cents. Uh, clerk. Oh, clerk. In the market for a haircut? Yeah, went down to Hogan Brothers all day. Just thought I'd take a little breather. Okay, just take your coat off and hop right up here in the chair. All right, Floyd. Must've been doing some heavy shopping. See a lot of presents sticking out of your pockets. Yeah, and one of them is yours, Floyd. Oh, gee, thanks, Commish. That's swell of you. Don't mention it. Just tuck this under your chin. Funny how he makes so much fuss about Christmas every year, isn't it, Floyd? Well, I... Of course, it's great for the kitties, but it doesn't really mean much to us grown-ups. Well, I don't know, Commish. One holiday that really gets me. It does? You go along all year just taking your friends for granted, and Christmas comes, all of a sudden you realize what wonderful people they really are. Oh, yes. It does something to you right here inside. Well, you take a guy that's a cheapskate 11 months out of the year, Christmas comes, and he'll give you the shirt right off his back. Yes. Yes, you're right, Floyd. Of course, it isn't the present at Cal, but it's the spirit in which it's given. Well, I don't know. It seems to me what you give a fellow for Christmas shows what you really think of him. Well, not necessarily. Yeah, I think it does. I'll show you what I mean. I got a present from out of town today from a so-called friend of mine. He did? Yeah. And of all the cheap, trashy Christmas presents I ever got, this one takes the cake. What is it? I'll show you. I got it on the shelf here.  A tin barber shaving a customer.  Yeah, look at it. What's he expect me to do? Stand around and watch it all day? Well, I'm... Yeah, how do you like that? Busted already. The thing must have cost all of 98 cents. 99. What? I ask you, Commissioner, would you buy a thing like that for a friend? No, of course you wouldn't.  I think I'm going to have to exchange it, Floyd. I got the wrong color. I wonder where Bentley hides all day. I hope Floyd likes that sweater I got her. I've certainly done a fine job of saving on my Christmas presents. That line, you shopping too? Yes, I'm chubby, hubby to be. I'm fine. But I'm almost through. All I have to buy now is little ad lines present. Right over there in the jewelry department. Oh, I'm glad you haven't got my present yet. I wanted to talk to you about that. Oh, you did? I've got an idea. You know, darling, we're going to be married pretty soon. Uh-huh. And we ought to have some new furniture for the house. Oh? And I just saw the cutest living room set in the furniture department. Only $750. $750? Is that what you want for Christmas? Oh, of course not, silly. I'd like to have it someday when we can afford it. Oh. But I think we ought to start saving for it right now. And that's why I don't want you to buy me that wristwatch for Christmas. You don't? No, it's entirely too expensive.  But Adeline, you wanted that wristwatch so badly. Well, I just thought I did. I can get along with that. Gosh, I don't know. Well, now I insist. After all, we've got to be sensible, Throckmorton. And I believe a wife should help her husband every way she can. Gosh, Adeline, you're all wool in the yard wide. Besides, you'll be my Christmas present.   And remember, nothing expensive. Well, all right, if you want it that way. Goodbye. Goodbye. See you tonight. Oh, Adeline's wonderful. Imagine her helping me to save money like that. She's right, I guess. It's the sensible thing to do. Let's see. I saw some inexpensive earrings at the jewelry counter the other day. Here we are. Let's see. Oh, hello, Mr. Gildersleeve. Hello there. Well, I suppose you've come for that watch you were looking at the other day. Well... I've got it laid aside right here. There you are. Mm-hmm. It's a beauty, all right. I'm sure it'll make your fiancee very happy. I'm sorry, but I've changed my mind. I'm not getting her the watch. Oh? I thought I might get her some earrings. Something about a dollar. Well, I might go as high as a dollar and a half. I see. Just a moment. I'll bring you the tray. The watch certainly looks beautiful, all right. Adeline did have her heart set on it. Well, we do have to be sensible. Here you are, sir. Thank you. Let's see. This pair looks rather nice. Green blutter flies with a big red stone in the middle. Mm-hmm. Don't you think so? Mr. Gildersleeve, may I say just a word? Hmm? Oh, sure. I know it's none of my business, but won't you please reconsider getting the wristwatch for your fiancee? What? Believe me, I just work here. I wouldn't make a cent more if you bought the watch. But I hate to think of your fiancee being disappointed at Christmas. But you don't understand. It was her idea. She wanted me to save money. She may have said that, Mr. Gildersleeve, but deep down I know she didn't mean it. What? I remember last year, my wife had her heart set on a gray coat with a little fur collar. She told me not to get it because we couldn't afford it. I let her think I wasn't going to buy it. And then Christmas Eve, I brought it home and surprised her. She was so happy, Mr. Gildersleeve, she broke down and cried. She did? Yes. Well, this is different, though. There's no use getting sentimental. Very well, sir. I just thought that since this was Christmas time... No, I'm going to be sensible about this. After all, Christmas is no different from any other time of the year. And I'm not going to... What's that? Employee's Christmas course is going to sing. Up there on the mezzanine. Well, that's all very nice, but I'd still like to pick out a pair of... Shh! If I can start. Hmm. Oh, let's still we see me lie Above nightingale and greenless sea The silent stars go by Yet in thy dark street shine The everlasting law Yes, Mr. Gildersleeve. Wrap up the wristwatch. Who wants to be sensible on Christmas? You had a chance to enjoy the full parquet flavor. That flavor that's so light and delicate on the tongue. The flavor that can, well, turn a plain piece of bread into an experience in real taste enjoyment. Parquet margarine is nourishing, too, of course, as nourishing is the most expensive spreads, even though it costs only about half as much. It's fortified with vitamin A to make sure you get even more of the nutritional essentials. But the flavor, that's the thing. Whether you prefer it on pancakes or waffles, biscuits or bread, parquet tastes so very good. Actually, like it should cost twice as much. Tomorrow, ask for parquet, P-A-R-K-A-Y, parquet margarine, made by Kraft.  Well, anyway, I finished all my shopping. Gilding, gilding. Judge, you still here? I want to talk to you. All right, what is it, you old goat? Well, you looked awfully disappointed when I told you I was giving that blue dressing down to my cousins. So what? So I decided to give it to you. You have? Well, thank you, Horace. We're old friends, Gilding, and after all, you got me an expensive gift. I did?  Well, thanks a lot, Judge. Excuse me, see you later. Well, here I go, back to the Thai department. Mr. Batman! Well, they finally found Bentley. Good night, folks. The Great Gilder Sleeve is played by Harold Perry, Adeline Fairchild by Miss Yuna Merkel. The show was written by Jean Stone and Jack Robinson with music by Jack Meakin. Included in the cast are Walter Tetley, Mary Lee Robb, Lillian Randolph, Earl Ross, and Richard LeGrand. This is John Wall saying good night for the Kraft Foods Company, makers of the famous line of Kraft quality food products. And be sure to listen in next Wednesday and every Wednesday for the further adventures of the Great Gilder Sleeve. Are you a cheese lover from a way back? If so, you'll be glad to know that now, Kraft is supplying your dealer with plenty of aged natural American, the old-fashioned kind that comes in big golden wheels. Aged natural American has been pretty scarce since before the war. People have been eating so much cheese that it's been difficult to set aside much for aging. But during the past year, Kraft has been sending fine shedders to the curing rooms, carefully aging them to bring out that deep down mellow goodness. Now your dealer has this grand cheese. Be sure to get a big golden wedge of it for the holidays. Ask for the natural American. Kraft has aged so carefully for you. This is it.