Here at Jersey Shore, we really believe that academics improves patient care and first and foremost we're all about patient care. And there has been this amazing consistent commitment to growing academics. We wanted to do our part to ensure that we are recruiting and training the next level of providers in New Jersey. Jersey Shore prides itself on providing the highest level of quality care to our patients and to our community. We have been recognized by a significant number of outside organizations. We are fully accredited by the Joint Commission. We have five specific disease certifications for Joint Commission. We've been recognized by US News and World Report. We have a medical school that is completely housed within our health system. Having a big network, there's a lot of advantages. There's a lot of resources available. There's many different clinical locations, both inpatient and outpatient across a variety of services. So we really offer the full breadth and depth of services that would be attractive to any medical student, resident or fellow. We look for the participation of all team members in the organization. Each team member plays a very vital role in the delivery of care at the hospital. Residents are truly members of our team. There is no hierarchy here. In fact, there's no hierarchy with anyone who works here. Everyone has an important role. Whether you're the attending surgeon or you're helping park cars and help our patients safely get into our building. And I think that that's a really important part of our culture that residents will take with them and will be one reason why they will be so beloved by their patients in the future. To be able to have the access to Jersey Shore University Medical Center with its comprehensive stroke center and trauma center and regional perinatal center and cardiac surgery center. It's all about offering them that pipeline for recruitment and retention so that when they come out, you know, we hope they will stay within our network. I try and create an environment where it is enjoyable to come to work. It is enjoyable to reach our goals together. And I really want to subscribe to a team member approach. So we're collectively a part of a team and that team becomes your family. And you want the common good for your family and for yourself. Residents really are exposed to the to the highest level of technology when they come to Jersey Shore. We've been very fortunate to have leadership over the years that has prioritize investments in technology. A lot of the technology is patient directed. The residents are going to be learning hands-on the highest technology that they will be able to apply directly for the care of patients when they leave their residency. The Jersey Shore is a wonderful place to live, work, and play. Happens to be equidistant to two major cities being New York City and Philadelphia. The beaches are phenomenal. And it's really a great place to raise a family, to study, and to live and to work. So it's really gone hand in hand with the growth of hack and sack meridian and all of our accolades and our national reputation has been the growth of academics. No better example than here at Jersey Shore. Jersey Shore is not only an amazing place to work. Each day we make miracles happen. We make miracles happen for our patients. We would love you to join us and be a part of the miracles that happen each and every day at the hospital.


Hello, everyone. This talk is about revisiting related key boomerang attacks on AES using computer-aided tool. This work is joined with Patrick, Marie, Pierre Alon, and Wa. AES is one of the most widely used encryption algorithms in the world. Since it was first introduced, many researchers have studied its design, looking to probe the algorithm's In recent years, boomerang attack was found to be powerful against many block ciphers, especially full-round AES. A few years later, several milk models were introduced to search automatically for boomerang distinguishers and boomerang attacks on block ciphers. But they can only be used when the key schedule is linear. In this work, a new model is introduced to deal with non-linear key schedules, as is the case for AES. This model is more complex and too slow for an exhaustive search. However, when some hints are added to the solver, it found a new boomerang attack against full AES 192. Its complexity is 2 to the power of 52 times lower than the one presented by Biryukov and Kovradovich. And we also recover the attack on AES 256 of Biryukov. For AES 192, we were able to find a better attack. It is like the original version, we use the same lower trail, but for the upper trail, the same but the position of the active bite is different. Our distinguisher has the probability of 2 to the power of minus 108 instead of 2 to the power of minus 110, it is a bit better, but almost has the same probability. We expand to mount a boomerang key recovery attack. In this case, it is much, much better. Here is the zoom on the input of both attacks. As you can see, in our attack, we know much more information on plaintext than in Biryukov's attack. In general, we found the current best related key boomerang attack on AES 192 with 2 to the power of 124 time, 2 to the power of 124 data, and 2 to the power of 79.8 memory complexities, which is better than the one presented by Biryukov and Kovradovich at Asia Crypt 2009 with complexities 2 to the power of 176, 2 to the power of 123, 2 to the power of 152, respectively. This represents a huge improvement in the time and memory complexity, illustrating the power of automatic tools in cryptanalysis. If you are interested, I hope you watch my talk on Wednesday morning, and I am really looking forward to seeing all of you in Asia Crypt next month.


No, you can say that for me, double. I tell you, Phil, I finally found the answer to success in the appliance business. Well, I thought I had... And does it work? Here it is. You can write it on your cuff. Don't meet competition. Make it. Sure, Ellis, but... No, buts about it, the thing works like a charm. You use that approach on any prospect and you sell her 100% on any Westinghouse appliance she's shopping for. And when I get through telling her all about our big competition makers, there's nothing for the little lady to do except buy. I know, but... And this isn't just conversation. I'm working at it. And I've got a sweet record of sales to show for it. Now, wait a minute. Will you let me get a word in? The floor is all yours. But don't you say anything against that. Oh, not me. I just want to know what made you change your mind. What do you mean, change my mind? I'm asking you. Now, look, the last time I was here, I tried to sell you this idea. Don't meet competition, make it. But apparently you weren't buying any. Oh, that. Well, why the big switch? Well, tell the truth was really nothing. And then suddenly, you give me a big pitch about an idea you wouldn't even warm up to a couple of weeks ago. Now, come on. What happened? Well, it didn't really happen. That is, I don't think it did. You're talking in circles. You wouldn't believe me if I told you. You'd think I was slightly balmy. Try me and see. Well, if you promise not to laugh. Whatever's convinced you that you should make competition, I'll applaud. I promise. This is going to sound screwy. Well, I was at the end of last month. I hadn't been setting a world on fire with sales, and I wanted to find out why. So I stayed at the store one night, went over my sales slips, and the list of prospects I'd fluffed. Got kind of late.  The boss is doing the store at this hour of the night. Well, he's muffed some sales. He's trying to find out how it happened. Oh. We'll leave Ellis to his own problems. Let's stretch our legs. And see what the girls are doing. Water's slow tonight. The night is still young. Somebody call me? Yes, I do. I'm here at it. Call me, Speedy. No, it wasn't me. What'd you say? I said it wasn't me. Frosty wants you. Oh, not Frosty. Open me up.  Some other time, Frosty. I'm tired tonight. You should be. You wear yourself out losing good prospects. Frosty's telling Ellis the facts of life.  Can't we do this some other time? No, I've been doing all the work long enough.  I have.  That's what I'm afraid of. Look, I'm ready to put on my act, am I not? Sure you are. Oh, sure. Well, then why don't you plug me in? Go ahead, Ellis. Do it. Now things are going to pop. I'm a quiet fellow, don't you agree? That's what I tell everybody. You tell them, but you don't show them. Like that nice little lady this afternoon. I know she wanted me. But could you sell me? No. I'll be back, she said. You hope. I explained what a wonderful feature your Frosty is, didn't I? And what did she say? There were others around she wanted to look at. That's where you muffed it, Ellis. I couldn't stop her from shopping around. You should have told her to do it. And do you know why? I think I do. Oh, I certainly do. I'm not so sure that you do. And here's why. If she compares me with any other refrigerator she can set her eyes on, then she'll know I'm not meeting competition. I'm making it. My Frost Free is the first and only defrosting that's completely automatic. The only one. I didn't hear Ellis say that to his prospect today. This is a good show, don't you think so, girls? Yeah. Very good. I'm intrigued. No end. In 1950, I introduced Frost Free. No one else had it. Today, everybody's talking about it. But what are they saying? Ellis, get that magazine on the table over there. I want you to look at one of our competitor's ads about defrosting. The ad says defrost itself. Yes. That's what it says in display type. But what does it mean? Read the small print or look in the instruction book. And you will find out just how you have to defrost. That's right. You know, here in small type, it says Frost does not build up in the fresh food section. That's what I mean. I'm making competition, not just meeting it. I'm making it so tough for those guys, they try to hide the truth. Everybody knows you have to defrost the freeze chest in these models? Everybody knows, do they?  Did she know? Did you tell her? Of course she didn't know. She's probably been reading the ads and she's confused. But I'll bet she'll never think of checking the instruction book that tells her just what she has to do to defrost the freezing compartment. I don't have their instruction book to show her. So what? You could have shown her my instruction book. That would explain how I work. Then just sort of suggested that before she buys any refrigerator, she should be sure to check what the other fellows say about defrosting the freeze chest. You know, Frosty, I can use your instruction book to prove what I say about you. Yeah, here it is on page six. What frost-free means and how it works. It'll tell you for one thing that after defrosting, I go right back to cooling. Now, I open my freezing compartment, Ellis. I defrost so fast, frozen foods and ice cream don't even know it. They stay cold, calm, and collected, especially cold. And put this down, Ellis. I measure the need for defrosting. I count the door openings and defrost exactly when and only when I need it, not when a clock says so. Demonstrate this, like Betty Fonest does, Ellis. Each time my door opens and closes, that knob pushes the counter button there and registers the opening. When the door's been opened enough times for frost to form, the counter button automatically sends out a signal that starts the frost-free system. Thanks, Ellis. And another thing, there are no valves or solenoids added to my refrigeration system. I'm still as hermetically sealed as I ever was. And I'm the only one who defrosts that way. Got it all, Ellis? I sure have, and I'll tell it, too. Good. Now we have other things to talk about. While we're up here, let's look at the butterkeeper. Hold half a pound of butter at just the right temperature to spread. Here's where I've got you, Frosty. Why can't you hold a full pound of butter like some of the others? Ellis, I'm surprised at you. You know very well nobody uses more than half a pound of butter on the table at any one time. Well, that's right. So why keep more of it soft enough to spread? In fact, those other refrigerators tell the customer in the care and use book that if they're not going to use the butter in a day or two, to take it out of the butterkeeper and put it in the food compartment. So why have a bigger one when half a pound is all you need? OK, Frosty. I'll remember that. Tell me, Ellis. What is a true meatkeeper? Wait, I'll tell you. To keep meat properly for more than a day, it must be kept just about freezing. That's just what my meatkeeper does. Pull out the baffle, Ellis. OK. Now look under it. The insulation under the baffle is left out, so I get the exact temperature for keeping meat. Every one of my competitors just keeps the same temperature as the rest of the box. You know that won't work, don't you? Yeah. Now you can put it back, Ellis. All right. Take a look at the shelves in my door. They're not just hung there. They're built right in. It's placed for convenience. And they give the little lady at home freedom in selecting the food she keeps in them. Besides all this, I give them the exclusive detachable egg keeper. Take one off, Ellis. Easy does it, eh? Sure does. Oh, I hate it. Why didn't you tell the nice ladies today that I have two humid drawers for vegetables and all the foods that need moist cold? And no sloppy water drips down on them as it would if I had all that excess moisture that some of my competitors have? I told her, Frosty. You told her. You told her. But you didn't put it over, Ellis. You know, you didn't. You didn't tell her I have moist cold where it's needed and only where it's needed for fruits and vegetables and meats and only the amount that's needed to keep meat safe and fruits and vegetables as crisp and fresh as if they'd just been picked. You don't say nearly enough about moist cold, Ellis. You really don't. It's a big point for you. And the ladies appreciate it, even if you don't. I do, Frosty. And if you say so, I'll do a lot more talking about moist cold. You can't go wrong, I promise you. I give all the moist cold that's needed where it's needed and dry cold where that's needed in the main food compartments and for storing milk and other bottle goods so they don't get all slimy and slippery and drip water onto foods below. And now, Ellis, we come to my famous five zones of cold. Let me do that, Frosty. I'll show you I'm on the ball. I'll just scold you once more, and that'll be all. Do you mind? Well, I wouldn't take it from anybody else. We'll see, we'll see. I ask you, Ellis, do I show off to the best advantage naked like this? You sure look good to me. But I can be even prettier if you'll use me, make me demonstrate what I can do and how I do it. You go right ahead with the five zones and I'll take care of this for you.  Jane, Jane, I need you. Oh, Jane? Yeah. Frosty wants you. Me? Cute, isn't she? Now, let's assume that Jane is the prospect. Oh, I am. I'd love to have a frost for you on my own. Who wouldn't? See what I mean, Ellis? Well, you go ahead with your story. Frosty has five zones of cold to serve every need. Now, here in the large freezer, you can keep frozen foods and ice cream indefinitely. And you get fast freezing of ice cubes. Now, this is a real freezing compartment. The temperature here will actually freeze food.  Don't interrupt him, Frosty. The second zone of cold is the meat keeping zone. The meat keeper is always at exactly the right temperature to keep your meats perfectly. Now, you see it's right there under the freeze chest, where it gets just the proper amount of cold.  Oh, Frosty. The third zone is the main storage zone. Now, here you get dry cold at just the right temperature. There's room on the top shelf for as many as 20 bottles of milk or any other bottles you want to use. Now, you can see there's plenty of space on those roomy shelves for all types of foods that require dry cold. Desserts and leftovers. There's even ample room for a jumbo-sized ham. I like watermelon. She likes watermelon, Frosty. Just ask, and I've got it. Look, there's plenty of room for that big watermelon. Mm. There's going to be a watermelon missing around here. You also have shelves in the door for jellies, cheeses, and mayonnaise, always at your fingertips. Plus, the exclusive liftoff egg keepers. They look so easy to clean. Oh, they are. Go right ahead, Ellis. In the fourth zone of cold, the huma drawers, you get moist cold. Now, you'll never know until you have this wonderful frost-free refrigerator how crisp and fresh vegetables and fruits are kept in this controlled moist cold. Now, the fifth zone of cold is here, in the butterkeeper. You'll have a half a pound of butter at just the right consistency when you want it to prepare mixtures for bread and cakes or for table use. There are the five zones of cold. Butter cold, zero cold, meat cold, dry cold, and moist cold, each doing its job in just the right place to keep foods perfectly and make them taste better.  Ellis, I love you. Oh, I think I better leave you two alone. Oh, don't go, Jane. I have a few added features I want to show you. Now, here on the door is a lifetime door seal made of vinyl plastic. It's grease-proof and crack-proof. And it'll never need replacing like those rubber gaskets that get spongy or brittle. Then, there's the three-way door latch, right, left, or straight out. Now, if your arms are full, a touch of the elbow will open it or close it. That's because of the automatic door closer. Blame me for loving that man. Frosty's just got a big heart. I'm a big guy, the biggest one. But I've got buddies all up and down the line. Take a look, Jane. You too, Ellis. I'll tell Jane all about your buddies, Frosty, just to prove to you I know all about those gems. OK, Ellis. But you better be good. OK, Frosty. Look at that beauty. Yes, it is. It's got everything Frosty has, all the same appeal. It's great for the homemaker who can't use a guy as big as Frosty. Now, that body of mine you're looking at is the guy that can help you clinch a sale with the homemaker who wants a big frost-free refrigerator but thinks those other fellows are too rich for her blood. Talk about making competition this very big, does it? He has the lowest priced completely automatic refrigerator in the world. And that covers a lot of territory. Isn't he a big, handsome fellow? He's the workhorse of the line, Jane. You should see how he bowls over the farm market and grabs the fancy of women who want lots of space and tops in convenience. I'm catching on, Frosty, see? I'm emphasizing the large frozen food storage capacity by filling that tray with ice cubes, over 150 of them, where that big fella can be the life of the party. He can freeze and store 70 pounds of frozen foods. He's a full 11 cubic foot giant. Oh, and by the way, we make it easy to own with a small monthly payment plan. Oh, that's a cutie. Cute, yes, but he has a real story, too. He's a full-sized eight-cubic foot job. Look, he's a twin to that home freezer there beside him.  Together, they give the homemaker 14 cubic feet of storage capacity in less space than most chest-type freezers of half that capacity. Out of the minute, Alice. Here's where I want to do a little yacking. OK, Frosty, go ahead and yak. I want to say that model for model Westinghouse gives you colder, cold, and more features than any other refrigerator. Yet it costs less to operate us, because our famous economizer mechanism has extra power for tough jobs, like fast freezing of ice cubes, and still gives you lower temperatures than any other refrigerator. It's a full 1-6th horsepower. How many competitors can match that? I can't think of any. Now let me talk about Frost Free, about how we don't meet competition, we make it. In 1950, we had only one Frost Free model. And did that worry the competition? In 1951, we had three models. And for 1952, four Frost Free models. You can now get Frost Free as much as $100 lower than ever before, completely automatic defrosting at the lowest price in history. And Frost Free is still the competition they're all trying to catch up with. Madam, you get all these features plus Frost Free at far less than any comparable refrigerator on the market.  I wish they were prospects. Everybody's a prospect, because any refrigerator that's not completely automatic is as obsolete as a hand-cranked phonograph. And when they talk of bigger trade-ins, Alice, remind them that they can't get a Frost Free anywhere except from you. OK, Frosty. Or I'm going to use the Freedom Quiz, too. Do you know what the answers to those Freedom Quiz questions mean to your prospect and to you? They'll make it easier for me to show her that the Frost Free refrigerator is better than the one she has at home. And that Frost Free is better than any refrigerator she can buy. Alice, you make me very happy. Even though I'm sure now that my buddies and I won't stay along with you, you'll have us all in nice, cozy homes. Well, now that you're happy, can I go back and rest? Better ask Speedy. Come here, Alice. We'll set you straight if it takes all night. Go on, Alice. I wasn't so hard to take, was I? Speedy may even bake you a cake. Well, I suppose I ought to listen. And thank you, Jane, for helping out. Any time at all, Frosty. We've got to do something about Daniel Boom. Got something on your mind, Speedy? You are, Alice. I'd like to see you happy, so I'm going to talk to you like a Dutch uncle. Well, I guess I can take it. I know I'm a little beauty. But when you sell me into a home, I've got to have more than beauty. I've got to perform. You give the best performance of any range, Speedy. That's what I always tell them. But you don't always prove it. And it's a cinch. I'm plugged in and ready to perform. You just have to follow that guide on my platform. When a prospect comes in, demonstrate what I can do. Oh, for gosh's sake, Alice, don't just tell him. Show him. Go over to Frosty. He's storing a cookie sheet we need to demonstrate me. Anything you say. Mabel, come here, please, will you? Alice is going to try to sell me to you. I'm not going to make it too easy for him. I'd like to show you all the advantages of owning this Westinghouse electric range. All right, start showing. I'll look. Alice, start by telling her about the preheating. We'll preheat the oven to prepare for baking the cookies. One turn of the control to the desired temperature. And you see the signal light go on. When it goes off, that'll mean the oven is preheated. While you're waiting, Alice, go ahead and talk about me. Tell her about the color-glance controls. You know they make me something special. I know you always like to be sure what's cooking and at what heat. Now, with the Westinghouse electric range, you can be doubly sure. With color-glance controls, you have a simple one-dial system. The changing colors show you each selected heat. Notice how easy it is to turn. Now, I said you'd be doubly sure. Up close, you can read the heat setting. And from a distance, you see red for high, orange for medium-high, yellow for medium, green for low, and blue for simmer. You see the color, and it tells you what units on and at what heat. It's a Westinghouse exclusive. I don't like it. The signal light went out. Oh, you see the signal light's gone out. That means the oven's ready for our cookies. Now, notice where I'm putting them. They'll bake perfectly in any place in this oven. That's what you say. Ah, wait. You'll see. Now, Alice, the minute timer. Now, we'll set the electric minute timer to the exact number of minutes we want the cookies to bake. Now, it'll tell us when they're ready. In fact, it'll time any cooking operation for you. Now, this Westinghouse range has two ovens. The large one is baking our cookies. Here's the controlled aisle for the other oven. Oh, it works just like the large oven control. Now, here's a feature I'm sure you'll appreciate. Automatic control. Just put the food in the oven, select the temperature, set the timer, and forget it till it's ready to serve. It turns on the heat, governs the cooking time, and turns the oven off all automatically. That means you can be away from the kitchen. At work, shopping, playing canasta. Or like you, Mabel, if you work all day and come back home at your usual meal hour, you'll have a complete meal ready to serve piping hot. Ellis, I think you're cute. Thanks. I wish you were a dummy. And another thing, these appliance receptacles, they're also governed by the automatic control just as the oven is. Well, you could set it at night, plug in the coffee maker, and when you wake in the morning, hot coffee's waiting for you. I could do with a cup of coffee right now. There's your cue, Ellis. This is your big one. We really make competition with this next feature, the super-corox unit. Yes, we'll make that coffee on the super-corox unit that gets red hot in 30 seconds. Excuse me. Let me show you. It's the fastest unit on the market. We'll watch it get red hot in 30 seconds. In fact, we'll put a stopwatch on it. 15 seconds, 20, 25 seconds, 30 seconds. It's red hot. In another 30 seconds, you'll have hot water for your coffee. I'll fix it. There you are, Mabel. Relax and enjoy your coffee. The minute timer says the cookies are ready, and just on time. Let them cool for a minute, and then you can enjoy one of these delicious cookies with your coffee. Honey, me and always chasing women. I wonder why. What am I saying? Cookies are delicious. Go on, Ellis. I got you off on the right foot. Now do your stuff. In the morning, when the family's in a hurry to get to work, you can prepare bacon and eggs on this super-corox unit in only three minutes from the turn of the control. Not only that, it starts all your cooking faster, with speeds no other electric range can match. Now does that make competition, or does it? You're so forceful, Ellis. And I'll bet you can cook, too. Now, Mabel, you get control heats on this unit and all corox units. For every cooking purpose, you get accurately measured heat. There's no guesswork in cooking on speedy. You're doing fine, Ellis. Keep bitching. Don't forget to tell her how easy I am to clean. Yes. And when it comes to cleaning, all you do is swing the unit up and take the pan to the sink for cleaning. That's all there is to it. Now, this may be your favorite of all the features on the range. You'll always be my favorite. This two-level speed cooker doesn't know its own limit. Now, in this position, you get low-cost cooking of soups, stews, or complete meals. And you get better French frying because you do it faster with this 2,000-watt unit giving off more heat to do the job. That's another feature I make competition with, Ellis. You know that most cookers have a small wattage unit. So tell that to your prospects. Right. And you don't have to reach in. All you do is lift the unit to the top level, and you have another large unit for extra surface cooking. So with the Westinghouse Electric Range, you have four surface units plus a deep-well cooker. Right, Ellis. I give them extra values. Now we want to do some talking about a feature I'm mighty proud of, my miracle-sealed oven. Show me my exclusive fiberglass seal. Tell her what it does. That's fine, Seedy. I love to listen to Ellis. The fiberglass seal shuts out disturbing air currents, giving the most even heat distribution possible. Why the heat circulation is so perfectly controlled, you get the same accurate heat in any spot in the oven. Just what does that mean, Ellis? Well, that means you can bake pies, cookies, or biscuits on the bottom set of rack lids, the middle, or way up in the broil position. And you can be sure of perfect results every time. Good going, Ellis. There's no guesswork, no trusting to luck, no juggling hot pans from one spot to another. In fact, there are no failures, not with me. I say my miracle-sealed oven bakes better, more uniformly, and with greater convenience. Do you like broiled steaks and chops? Listen to Speedy asking foolish questions. But he gives you the finest possible results. The direct application of intense radiant heat sears the surface, seals in all the delicious juices, and cooks the inside to just the right degree. And notice the broiler's convenient at waist height. It's smokeless, too. Because melted fat drops through these narrow slots into the deep pan below.  Cue they die, the things I think of. You didn't think up, Ellis. And he's cute, too. Here's another one of mine. To clean any other oven, you have to get down on your hands and knees. But not with me. I have an exclusive about that. Ellis, you'll have to lend a hand at your service, Speedy. Did you ever have a pie spillover? You think it's quite a mess, don't you? Not with me. Just take out the bottom panel, wipe her off, put her back. Say, it's almost magic. Thanks, Ellis. There. Do you think there's another range anywhere as wonderful as Speedy? I don't think there could be. And you know something, Ellis? When you go, I'm going to cook a meal. It'll be fun with Speedy. Don't catch him, huh, Chief? Agh, agh. He lived in America before we did. And don't even speak English. I don't understand the set. I can't be here. I'll need your help again, Ellis. Show us the second sea level, please. This one's just like my other oven, except for size. It operates on its own. So you can bake a cake in one oven while you're broiling or roasting meats in the other. That makes everybody happy. It's just the thing for families, large or small. For entertaining or baking extra foods for freezing. Now, of course, when it comes to everyday cooking, you can use either one, whichever fits the job. Now, let's look at the storage drawers. That's good, Ellis, silent and smooth on nylon rollers. That's the special construction I get with insulation that's even in the door. And you can see the rubber bumpers, front and back. That makes them so quiet, opening and closing. They're larger than most any you'll find around, and plenty deep. You can see anything that's stored away in the back is easy to get at. A pin drop, couldn't you? Ellis, you and Speedy are super. Now you have it, Ellis. That's my story. You can see, Ellis, that with me, with the giant, miracle-sealed oven, with color-gland controls, with a wonderful two-level speed cooker, with the fastest surface units, you're making competition. That's the story you got to tell. Do it, Ellis, and don't forget to demonstrate to sell. I'm going to talk about you and your team till I'm blue in the face. You mean until you get crafts and the figures are right in order, sir. There's the team. Just look them over. You too, Mabel. There's a model on that team, Ellis, to fit any purse. And don't forget to tell them I can start cooking for a small down payment. So look them over carefully so you'll know all the angles. And now thank you, Mabel, for your help. What did I do? Oh, you were very encouraging. Now you'll want to go back to your friends, then. Goodbye, Ellis. But you stick around, Ellis. My, do we have plenty to talk about for 52? We're loaded for bear, Speedy. With so many things to talk about, don't forget that's your guide. And I'll always help you to sell. Just let me demonstrate to prove what I can do. Speedy, you've been mighty helpful. Now aren't we going to clean up the dishes and things? Beep everything to me, Ellis. That's pearly the dishwasher. She'll sparkle clean them for you. Hello there. Pistinghouse was the first to open from the front and load from the top. That's my exclusive rollout wash well. It was so exclusive I've been copied. But I still make the competition and others try to meet it. And it's hip-high loading with me. No worry about fine china and glassware. They're always safe when I wash them. Oh, that's chop along, getting ready to say something. Oh, it's waist away. Yes, little chop along waist away. Oh, down the drain never have got. I work with a smile. I work with a song. You'll always be happy with chop. Chop along certainly rides heard on food waste. Ah, yes, it's got no chance with me. I shred the waist. I grind the bones and the zippo. It's gone first quality. And a long life ahead of me because I have a double-edged shredding element. It's just like a double-edged razor. Last longer. And yes, I've got a reversing switch that changes me from one edge to the other. I'm high-grade alloy steel I am. When I work for you, say goodbye forever to garbage cans and messy sink strainer and to the odors nobody likes. Whee. And there's no place around me for pesky flies and gnats. Whee.  Oh, you're not nice to me. You know I'm a little show off. Why don't you let me show off? You got me all hooked up and that's fine. I'm ready to wash dishes and glasses and pots and pans. What do you do?  You know you got to introduce me to your prospects and show them how I work and demonstrate me? Well, you can't do that if I'm empty. This time I'm gonna help you. Watch. Plate and pan, pick and span. Bottom first, then the top. I did it for you, Alice. All loaded and ready. Put in your dishes. There's plenty of room. I have room for more and bigger dishes than any other dishwasher you can find. And I can take bigger dishes in any rack position. That's another way I make competition. I just don't meet it. Oh, now if we only had some nice hot water. I always have plenty of hot water. That's lanky, the water heater. Better go and see him, Alice. He sounds like he's ready to cry. Hot tears, too. I suppose I should go and listen. Last you pay a little attention to me. You know we think of you lanky. Oh, I stand around week after week and I might just as well not be here. Is anything wrong with me? I'm ready to give hot water and I mean 150 degree water automatically any minute of the day or night, but does anybody care? Don't take it so hard. Well, you look like me like I was a stepchild. No home can get along without me. You don't think I make competition, do you? Well, I do. Who else has a 10-year protection policy like me? Who else can give you that kind of certified protection? I'll bet you never even took the trouble to read the terms of my policy. Well, I'm going to. Yes, I am. Oh, that's what you always say. You don't even know that if my tank fails or starts to leak in the first year, your customer gets a complete new heater without charge. And if it happens from the second to the fifth year, the customer still gets a brand new water heater and only has to pay transportation and installation. And there's a lot more to my story than that. You better read my policy, Ellis, and make sure you know exactly what those percentages are. I'll do it right away, lanky. I sure will. And I got something else that makes competition. My Koroks heating elements are directly immersed in the water so that all the heat is used to heat the water and isn't wasted on tank wall and outside air. That makes me the most efficient and economical water heater, and I don't need any flue so I can be installed anywhere. I'm the cleanest and safest you ever saw, so please pay me a little attention. I get awful on some just standing here. I promise from now on I won't forget you and your certified protection policy and Koroks heating element, lanky. Ah, you'll make me so happy, and remember when Pearly washes the dishes, I'll be there, too. She can't do it without the 150-degree water I give her. Thank you, Ellis. Now we can get to work, Ellis. I'm proud of myself, and I want you to see why. Put the detergent in the little cup. Do you know you shouldn't have soap suds with me? What I need is approved detergent. Okay, now I'm ready. Roll me back. This is for your benefit, Ellis. Turn me on, Ellis. First I rinse the dishes, start removing the soil. After rinsing, I drain the rinsed water away and start washing with water that's 150 degrees. Hot enough to remove all the soil, and hotter than hands can stand. No germs can live in it longer than a minute. You see, Ellis, nothing moves but the water, and it covers every corner and every piece. I go on washing for five minutes and seven quarts of hot, detergent-conditioned water. Let's see if I can tell the story, Perley. The wash water is pumped away, and you rinse the dishes again, not once, but twice. Seven quarts of clean hot water for each rinse. We know when that's done, the dishes are thoroughly sanitized, washed, and rinsed. See, you start to dry them. Fresh air is heated by the corax unit in the bottom of the wash well, and circulated over and around the dishes. This goes on for a good 22 minutes. The signal light shows when drying begins.  The dishes are in here, ready for the cupboard, or we can leave them with you till the next meal. The job took 37 minutes, but I was through when I turned the control to start. I save work, save dishes, and save at least seven hours a week. And I have a model for every kitchen. Look at them, Alice. For instance, you can have me in the under-counter model. I fit into any kitchen, just slip in like a cabinet. And you can have me in the cabinet model. That way I'm self-contained, fit in with kitchen cabinets, and I have an acid-resisting porcelain enamel work surface that you can always use. And the way you are here, you're part of the electric sink model. And here's how you make competition. Front opening, top loading, greater capacity, perfect washing and drying, and you're cheaper to install than any other dishwasher. Let me suggest something, Alice. If I were you, I'd always talk about me and chop along at the same time. Keep us together. We're a couple of pals that'll make homemakers awfully happy. We're the only ones that can be connected together, and that means only one sink trap. I drain all through waste away. No accessories for the customer to buy. I think I ought to mention this, Alice. Don't let the customer worry about having us installed. You'll be ready with the installation service. That'll make competition again, won't it? And it'll help you sell a lot of me and chop along. Any questions? You've given me all the answers, Burley. What more can I ask? Just make those answers work for you.  I'll go along with that. Who's that? That's a little drip that just showed up around here. I may be a drip to you, but to the rest of the world, I'm dehumidifier. To be honest, Alice, he's just a drip inside, so there won't be any drip outside. Go on and have a little talk with him. You mortified. I don't know what that means, but it must be good. The family, fella. Thanks, Alice. I'll be around from now on to solve any dampness problems for all your customers. I suppose you'd better tell me something about yourself.  Are you getting personal? Can't you take a joke? You know how dampness destroys things, causing rust and rot, mole, mildew, corrosion, all those dirty words, and warping everything? That costs folks money. That's where I come in. I control that water damage, easy, quick, and economical, where moisture's doing any kind of damage at all that nobody can afford to be without me. So you control moisture? Right, and I'm easy to manage, too. Plug me in anywhere. I'm portable and small, but awfully thirsty for all that destructive moisture. I send damp rot right down the drain. I put an end to costly and needless repairs and replacements, and I cost only a few cents a day to operate, no more than a 200-watt light bulb. Why, Ellis, I pay for myself. Isn't that good? Are you trying to sound like a real go-getter? I go get moisture, sure enough. Anywhere, in basement and recreation room, in hobby room and storage room, in beach homes, locker rooms, library, and in the home laundry. I suppose you work outside the home, too. What, to hear you tell it, you probably stop moisture damage in stores, warehouses, bank vaults, lofts, beauty parlors, tool rooms, stock rooms, libraries, telephone exchanges.  Me? I'm awful simple, and I'm trouble-free. I just draw in the moist air through the front grills, pass it over cold, refrigerated coils, then take out the moisture, and it goes down the drain. I blow the air back in the room warm and dry, easiest pie, isn't it? Well, I guess that tells me all about you. Not bad, either. I read about your free home trial without obligating your customer. I know, and so will you, that they won't let me go after they try me. Say, maybe you're right. That's where your five-year guarantee plan comes in. You catch on fast. Be sure and talk to your customers about me, Ellis. I sure will. And I'll be seeing more of you. Funny more. Say, goodbye to moisture damage from now on. Ellis, I'm glad you welcomed the little drip into the family. A nice little guy at that. I'll be bragging about him, Perley. Meet the Westinghouse Laundry Twins. I'm Lena, the Laundromat. My name's Dinah. I'll get your clothes clean. I'm your clothes dryer. Wash day, you have nothing to do, because the Westinghouse twins do the work for you. Looks like I've got another visit to make, Perley. He thought you were going to forget us. I couldn't do that. You're such well-behaved twins. I want to tell you about my way to save Dorr and the water saver. Girls, one at a time, you'll have me through a ringer. No ringer with me, Ellis. Dinah, may I have him first? I'll be ready when you need me, Lena. You know, I haven't had a drop of water in me for weeks. I'm hooked up and just stand here. I'm sorry, Lena. Well, you should be sorry. But I'll help you. Now, we'll do this just as we would for a prospect to show how wonderful I am. I've had Mitzi waiting. Here she comes. It's nice of you to help, Mitzi. Oh, I'd do anything for a laundromat. See, Ellis, the ladies love me. But that's easy to understand, because I'm as simple as one, two, three. Now, we'll just make believe Mitzi is a new prospect and doesn't know a thing about me. Now, Ellis, what's the first thing you tell a prospect?  Good, Ellis, good. She's going to see how my washaway action first gets the dirt out of the clothes and into the water. Then, and this is important, she'll see my rinse away action drain the water and the dirt away from the clothes and not strain it back through them. We'll do it with my amazing 500 tests. I have 18 linen tea towels ready for you up there on the shelf. You know, you should have them ready all the time. Don't forget that, Ellis. I'll remember. Just a minute, Ellis, let her put them on my way to save door. She'll enjoy it and see how easy I am to work with. Show Mitzi that the size of the load is medium, then let her set the water saver at medium. As simple as one, two, three. Weigh the clothes. The way to save door shows you the size of the load. Now set the water saver for that load. Now drop in the towels. No bending, no stooping. Add one half cup of detergent. Now throw in the 500 test seeds. Why are we doing this? Well, the seeds represent the curds, lint, and dirt that the laundromat's exclusive slant will wash out of the clothes and then drain away from the clothes, not through them. Now just set the control dial at medium and pull out the dial. Here we go, washing away the wash day blues. This is going to be a quickie, Mitzi, just for you. I'll operate the dial to speed up the cycle of washing, rinsing, and spinning. Let me go through a one minute wash, Ellis, so Mitzi can see my exclusive patented washing action. You can explain it because of my inclined basket that turns round and round at an angle and gives washing action that's different from any other washer on the market. That's where I make competition that none of them can meet. Now advance the control dial slowly to the first drain. We're speeding up the cycle, you know. Ellis can tell it, Lena. I sure can. After the first drain, we have the spray rins. Now we'll let that go on for one minute and drain away. Then advance the control dial slowly to first deep rinse. Then rinse for a minute, and then dial ahead to drain. Water drain away. The laundromat deep rinse is twice, not just once. So we'll move up to second deep rinse. Wash away, rinse away, this is it. The towels are tumbling more than an acrobat of a circus. You know what that means. Each deep rinse is the same as dipping the clothes up and down in the water 700 times. Imagine that. You'll see how every speck of soap and soil is flushed away when I finished. Now to final drain. You've seen the wash away rinse away action. Now you'll see another, the drain away action that really makes the difference. The rinse water is drained away from the clothes, never through them. Then the dial ahead to the final high speed spin. Good, Ellis, very good. Now let me spin a couple of minutes at high speed. I spin clothes practically dry, but I can't injure even the daintiest clothes.   Remove the towels. Yes, let me do it, Ellis. Easy, isn't it? No stooping, no bending, and feel inside me. See how clean I am? I clean myself every time. No lint trap to clean out, no tub to wipe out, no floor to mop up. And now, Ellis, let Mitzi help you look for the black rinse seeds. If you can find two of them, I'll be awful mad at myself. Not one inside yet. Alina said the seeds would all be drained away from the towels, just like the silo's drained away. I knew I wouldn't put them back in the towels. It proves what I say. My wash away, rinse away, and my exclusive inclined basket gets dirt out. My drain away action keeps dirt out. I still don't like it. But Pamela, you're cold. I'm freezing.  Oh, thank you. You should have seen her once you were in lingerie. None so far, not a rinse seed. That's what we meant when we said, let your own eyes tell you which washer to buy. If you saw any other automatic washer try it, you'd find between 50 and 300 seeds. And the only reason you'd find them is because the wash and rinse waters drained away through the clothes. And the clothes strained out the seeds. And remember, those seeds represent soap, curds, lint, and dirt. Lena, Lena, you're wonderful. OK, Dinah, we'll see what you have to say for yourself. Have Mitzi stay, Alice. We'll sell me to her. First, I'm going to ask a silly question. Mitzi, would you like to carry a heavy basket of wet clothes out to a line and try to hang them in all kinds of weather while you're hoping for the sun to shine? Or would you rather just drop them in me and forget them and let me dry them rain or shine winter, summer, day, or night? The first time I saw you, Dinah, I wanted you. Oh, love at first sight, hot dogs. They're all like that about me. Alice, let Mitzi drop the clothes in. Isn't it easy? Hot dog, no vending, no stooping, no. Now, just set my exclusive dry dial. You can choose dry and have the clothes ready for immediate storage or damp for ironing. It's always sunny weather inside a Westinghouse clothes dryer. Yes, every day is a perfect drying day. See, I tumble your clothes gently in sun warm air. Westinghouse air flow is exclusive with me. I'm the only dryer that blows warm air right into the center of the tumbling clothes. Let Mitzi reach in and feel the warm air. Warm air feels good. Okay, coincidence. I happen to have some samples of my drying to show you while I go on working. Donna, you're spoofing. You've got those samples here on purpose. Well, all right, maybe I do. They're over yonder on the shelf. Alice, you know all about them. Explain to Mitzi. The towels on the right were dried on the clothes line. These on the left dryer dried. You can see they're lighter and fluffier. Now look at these identical robes. I'll bet you can tell which one was dried on the clothes line. This one. That was easy, wasn't it? Remember, Alice, I always say clothes lines are for the boys. By another coincidence, I just happen to have these color samples on the shelf above me. Oh, the one there, Mitzi, is a lime-dried fabric. Notice how it's lost its color fastness. There is no sun fading with my kind of drying. And the clothes last longer too. Oh, you do some talking, Alice. The Westinghouse dryer saves you work. No lifting and carrying heavy baskets. No more clothes line chores. No stretching or bending to hang clothes or take them down. And it saves you time because you can forget the weather and wash and dry anytime. No worries about rain or snow. No worries about dust and dirt and soot. And it's so easy for you. Just use the handy shelf for easy loading and unloading. Set the dial and turn on the dryer. You don't have to wait around because the dryer shuts itself off when the clothes get to the dryness you selected. Let's see, take out the clothes. We want to give her a pleasant surprise. Aren't they lovely and soft and so fluffy? That's because of the Westinghouse air flow. All right. Thanks, Mitzi. You too, Dinah. I think I will turn in. It's been a long night. Remember to mention we're the Westinghouse laundromat and dryer. We're America's favorite twins. When I look at you two, how could I forget? I think they're adorable. Good night, Alice. Good night, Mitzi. Leena, the laundromat, I'll get your clothes clean. I'm your clothes dryer. Wash day, you'll have nothing to do. Before I go, I want to tell you all. I appreciate the trouble you've taken tonight. You know how things have been going with me, and you've given me a mighty big lift. I am happy to be working with a fine family like yours. You just watch me from now on, and you'll see me prove it. We'll be ready to do our stuff any time, Alice, and show them how to make competition. We'll let the other fellow just try to meet it. Good night, all. Bobby, why did you say those awful things? Because it's true. I don't like it, and I hate it. It smells bad. I can't stand Limburger cheese. Here, you take it. Phew. That's what I said. Make competition. Don't just meet it. Mr. Hohman, was I saying something? Mr. Hohman, you've been asleep. Been asleep? Guess I was asleep. Thanks, Andy, for waking me. It's pretty late. Yeah, I guess I'd better be getting home. Good night, Andy. Good night, Mr. Hohman. I said it would sound screwy, and I don't know the results of what count. You say you've been getting results ever since. I sure have. Then it must have happened. You can understand why I've been playing the competition story up big. We don't meet competition. We make it, and that's for sure. Well, this all fits in with the big campaign we were talking about at the hotel showing a few weeks ago. Would you hand me that manila envelope, please? Yeah. You know the spectacular job done in 51 on individual appliances. There was the Countess Frost Free Promotion, the Laundromat Rinseed Demonstration, the Rain Stopwatch Promotion, Operation Kingpin for The Dishwasher, and on top of all that, the spectacular football TV. Sure, I remember, Phil. I think they were great. Maybe I should have used them more. Maybe. Well, in 1952, Westinghouse is bringing radio and television coverage of the Republican and Democratic conventions. They'll follow this with a 13-week Get Out the Vote series of half-hour programs, and then cover election eve and election night. Now, Westinghouse is sponsoring the first complete television show of this kind that America has ever known. Now, this all starts in July, but right now, Westinghouse is staging another great event, a Freedom Fair. Well, ought to work out pretty good. Freedom Fair is the big spring selling event of all Westinghouse's major appliance dealers. It's a gala showing of the 1952 models designed to bring prospects to the fair in your store. Now, Mrs. Homemaker will be interested, and here's why. It interprets the freedoms the 1952 Westinghouse major appliances bring into the home. Freedom Fair gives you a chance to really announce the new models, to build store traffic and a chance to cash in locally on the biggest announcement promotion in Westinghouse history. Now, Freedom Fair will give you a chance to cash in locally on all of our promotion and public acceptance of Westinghouse appliances. It will do a mass selling job, making it possible for you to do an individual selling job. Just tell me about Freedom Fair. All right.  Westinghouse sets the stage for Freedom Fair with this big double-paid spread in the April 11th issue of life and the April 16th issue of the Saturday evening post. Now, there's an ad that has pulled. It will reach out to your prospects right in this trading area. And Freedom Fair will be announced on TV, too. Betty Furness sets the stage. She'll demonstrate the product she'll be selling for you in all three commercials on Westinghouse Studio 1, April 14th. Listen to this. Go to the Westinghouse Freedom Fair. You'll find it at every Westinghouse dealer store in every town in the United States. I know you'll find it exciting. See these seven great Westinghouse appliances and learn how they save you hours of freedom from drudgery every day. For instance, here's freedom from all the mess and nuisance of defrosting. When you own this amazing new Westinghouse frost-free refrigerator, your defrosting chores are gone forever, because it keeps itself frost-free. And here's the reason. This magic button, the sign of the frost-free system, you never touch it. Every time you close the door, this knob hits the magic button. And the moment that frost starts to build up in the freeze chest, the button automatically gives a signal that starts the frost-free system working. It defrosts itself so fast that your frozen food stays safely, steadily frozen always. And if you look for a drip pan or a jar to empty in the frost-free, you won't find any. It doesn't need any, because the defrost water evaporates automatically. You're free forever from emptying it. And look at the capacity in this great refrigerator. It brings you freedom from extra shopping trips, because it holds a whole weak supply of food for the average family. Now we reach the homemaker and still another way. And here it is. In selected markets all over the country, newspaper ads will tell the Westinghouse Freedom Fair story. And they'll carry dealer listings. I'd like your name on that list. You see, Alice, you can see that Freedom Fair is started with a bang. The story will go into millions of homes, but we don't drop it there. After the kickoff comes the follow-up. And here it is. Individual product campaigns will appear in national magazines on the refrigerator, dishwasher, range, and laundromat. Now, still pounding on Freedom Fair, 10 million television viewers will see the new products demonstrated by Betty Furness on Westinghouse Studio one week after week. Newspapers will also sell product features plus Freedom Fair in the follow-up campaign, with ads on the refrigerator, dishwasher, range, and laundromat. There's a great campaign with a real follow-up. It sounds OK to me, Phil. But even with Freedom Fair teed off, and all of the follow-ups working for you, it'll all be wasted unless you get people into your store. Without people, you can't sell merchandise. There are things you must do to build store traffic. Blank out your store window and begin to create teaser interest. Follow this up by dressing your store window. Put in a Freedom Fair display. Have it tell the Freedom Stories. Press up your store with floor displays. Tell the Freedom Stories. Freedom from defrosting, new cooking freedom, freedom from dishwashing slavery, freedom from wash day worries, freedom from weather worries, freedom from hot water shortage, freedom from garbage mess. Give a press preview of your Freedom Fair. Invite leading citizens, as well as representatives of newspapers, radio, and TV. Show them the new models in the Freedom Fair setting. Pour up your public with newspaper ads like this, inviting everyone to a Freedom Fair store party. Use radio to advertise your store parties. Use TV to advertise the store parties and the freedoms that Westinghouse appliances bring into the home. Pour up your public with these planned parties. Have inexpensive giveaways, such as pot holders, glasses, or cookbooks. Advertise a daily or weekly door prize. And of course, make them electric appliances. Give one grand prize, a new 1952 Westinghouse major appliance. Make this major giveaway the feature of special newspaper, radio, and TV advertising. Here's a whole page of helpful hints to tell you how to make your Freedom Fair parties run smoothly. A suggestion ad, a letter you can send to a selected list, and a postcard to follow up. Then there are suggestions on how to run your store party, what the program should include, and a checklist to make sure the party runs smoothly. And when the traffic's in the store, make quickie demonstrations. We'll have shown everyone how to make them. On the laundromat, demonstrate the 500 test. At the range, make coffee and cookies. Use the Freedom Quiz at the refrigerator. Have every homemaker who comes to the parties fill out the Freedom Fair prospect card for the door prizes and the big prize. Well, here's a prospect card. The record will show you what appliances the prospect owns and how old they are. Then you'll know what you can sell it. This will give you a brand new list of up-to-date prospects to work on. But don't stop there. Keep on with your Freedom Fair promotions. Continue demonstrating the appliances.  Keep them all working for you. You make it sound awful good. It sure is. And I'll see that you get the entire Freedom Fair package. Thanks. And I'll keep this. I brought it for you. Well, don't forget, this is going to be a Westinghouse year. Goodbye, Ellis. See you soon again. So long, Phil, and thanks. How about you and I having dinner together some night? Fine, you. I have a mind to call the police. Madam, I thought the dummy.  From the Westinghouse Freedom Fair. They say that Lincoln freed the slaves. With that, I disagree. Been slaves for years. Till Westinghouse said, you don't have to shirk. Plenty time to play.  This has been a presentation of the Library of Congress. Visit us at loc.gov.


rism like you say, right? But then sometimes you have to go through these hoops. I mean, I remember spinning my time back, translating to prove to this girl that you actually did use, you know, with the parents and everything. It's like, no, here's how she did it. I was like, in my mind, like, is she probably said this? And then that's why it came out like this. It was a very frustrating thing. That sounds like a lot of work, which is why I would definitely differentiate. In other words, when I'm saying that I would let them use that, it would be for specific things, but then you would want to make sure you had something authentic in the classroom to really see where they stood. That's what they're gonna have to do on the exams anyway. Exactly. So you're sitting down and doing it. That's right. And that's why when you see their authentic work and you say to the parents, there's no way they could have written this because look, this is their writing sample. So you've got to have writing samples that are authentic. There's no doubt about it. But for myself and my own personal growth, I've watched how much it's helped me in French and so I have kind of a little different perspective than I would have had because I hadn't been through it myself.  Like us. Like us, you know. I love this. That's a darling. We're gonna figure this out and I'm gonna see where my mistakes are. But the unfortunate majority is that majority are not, they're like, what am I gonna do? Well, if they're not, they're giving you bad stuff because Google Translate makes too many mistakes. Yes. Which is fortunate for us as educators because you can tell. They make really bad mistakes that just pop out to you all the time. So any other comment about this? Yes. I hate to admit it, but I know of a few students that would rather not do the assignment and then at home get a native speaker or whoever friend or like you say, Google Translate and then do it more professionally and then not actually go through the process. Is there a way to avoid that? There's no way to avoid cheating. It's just gonna happen. I think part of this is going to come into your classroom that you set up, your feeling that they all have together, giving them opportunities for success. As Julia said with the rubric, you're not expected to be up here. This is fine. Letting them know that they're gonna have in-class writing that you're gonna use as a standard for what you know they can do. And when they send the work into you that's a native speaker work or whatever, just totally not accepting it. And having the discussion when you know that cheating's taking place. Because I think a lot of us as educators don't sit down and take the 30 minutes and tell the Joe Fallhaber story. We just don't do it. Yeah. I was gonna say, I think that's what the only thing that can do to stop it is just to say sorry, I can't accept this, you didn't. I have any even, this was mind-blowing to me. I also teach IB in my school. So there was this written assignment that they have to do outside of class. And this is towards the end, you know, three quarters through the year. Had, so I knew at this point what kids could do. They turn in this rough draft and I'm like, no way. No way did you do this. And I said, did you have somebody?  So we had to, instead of doing theirs outside of class, we literally made them go to the library and redo the whole thing sitting there under the watchful eyes of the librarian and their dictionary and their grammar sheet. So it's not only just, it's the kids that you think, are you kidding me? I can't believe you would do this. And again, they're just trying to get it done. And that's what we had to do is like, this is so blatantly not yours. Look what you've done to me and look what you turn. And just, and I think once other people see that you did that, then maybe be less inclined to do that. But sometimes they're desperate. So I noticed in a view flinched when I said the Joe Fall Hubbard story. But when I was a high school teacher, I had an old boyfriend. We lived up in Alaska. And one night we were gonna go make some dinner and there were these grapes there and they cost about in 1975 or something, they cost about $8 a pound. So imagine today's prices. And I went by and I looked at one and I ate it. It was terrible. It was sour and awful. And we walked away to get something else. And he looked at me and he said, why did you steal that grape? I said, what are you talking about? He said, you just stole a grape. I said, no, I didn't. I tasted it. We're not gonna buy and spend $8 a pound on these grapes. He said, what if everybody came in the store and did that? He just stole a grape from the owner of the store. He said, so if you saw a lady walking in here and she dropped $10, would you keep it? I said, well, of course not. What if it were $100? Would you keep it? No. What about a million dollars? Like you have a million dollars in your bank. Nobody can trace it. Are you gonna keep it? And I went, oh. And he looked at me and said, well, I'm glad to know that your honor is worth a million dollars and not one grape. And I went. And I started thinking about things a little bit differently. And that's the story I used to share with my kids. The story of, what is your honor worth? Is it worth cheating on this paper? Is that worth it to you? So that you make an extra two points on your GPA? And they say yes. Maybe it is. And if it is, if it is, and if it is, if it is, then you're selling your honor cheap. Then you're selling your honor cheap. Well, I don't know. And if they don't have a problem with it, then you just do what you say and you don't accept the grade but I'm saying that they don't think about it. Nobody sits down to them and tells them and has a big cheating conversation. It's very rare. So take it upon yourself to have, they don't even think it's cheating. They really don't. But how are they gonna think that unless somebody tells them? The area, the thing that everybody gets, you know, all upset about is whether or not the kids are really authentically reading. I.e. did they actually read the whole book? Did they just read the first two chapters and then start reading spark notes? And I think we all know the answer is that sometimes they read the whole book and sometimes they don't read very much of the book at all. And I think we probably know that because we know people who did that when we were in school.  And I always felt like, I mean, I have a pretty good sense of when a student is giving me an idea that's not authentically, they're simply because they were writing in lots of other ways in my room. So sometimes it comes across in the reading.  So for longer things or things they did at home, they had to submit them to something that would check it for plagiarism, which was the best part about that was really that it taught kids how much you should rely on excerpts and how much you should use your own words. Because a lot of them don't mean to plagiarize, they're just using a ridiculous percentage of material from someone else's writing. So that was really good in that way. And I had a lot of colleagues who would get really caught up in this. And you definitely have those strange years where the whole class is sort of characterized by cheating and you have to come up with a different tactic like doing everything in the classroom. And it's probably not just you, it's probably people across the grade level who are serving those students. I know in my experience that was almost always more true when I had a larger number of very competitive, high-performing kids. They are the ones who I think have the biggest problems with cheating and it's because unfortunately, their stakes are so high. And sometimes they have, in my experience, very unrealistic pressure from their parents. That's just the observation that I have made personally. But I also have to believe like, I was always cognizant of not, for me personally, just compared to a couple of my colleagues, turning it into this idea that I was gonna catch all cheaters because then you create, like you can slip into an adversary mode. And I definitely had a few research papers where I thought this is not authentic and I probably scoured the internet and realized after an hour, okay, I'm never like I need to let this go because the other natural consequence of not having done it yourself, I mean, it's gonna show up in a moment. They think they're desperate now, but sometime when they need that knowledge, they're gonna really know what desperation is. And I just sort of like learned to turn it over to the universe. And it helped me so much because I mean, people I really respect as educators, a couple of them just kind of could get consumed by that concern. And it is frustrating when you're teaching literature and they're not reading the book. I don't mean to say I don't share the frustration, but the alternative that some people started to move to was not assigning books anymore and I just couldn't conceive of a world like that. Well, for us, especially in that specific example, is at the end of the day when they turn and this thing you have to sign as a teacher saying, I verify that this is my best knowledge is students own work. And it's like, I just couldn't let that one go. You know, I couldn't let that go. I was like, no, it's not, it is not. And there's a lot of extra effort and it's just very frustrating that you could, you know, I feel so kind of sad for them, but it's like, they're so desperate for these GPAs, grades and this and that and the other thing that's the kind of stuff though. I think it would be really worthwhile then to maybe three or four times in the semester in class have a, where are we? 10 minute write where you compile it and you have their little portfolio. And so when they turn in something that's clearly native speaker quality and they're intermediate high, you can sit down with the parent and say, there's no way that the person that writes like this in class writes like this outside of class. And you know, you hate to get to that point where it's always about the kids cheating and that's why it's so important for them to know your expectation and that you understand the stress that they're under and that they need to be coming to you, you know? I do feel like when I started having kids by the last five years of my time in public high school, I had them grade almost everything they gave me before they turned it in and I would somewhere like maybe halfway in the process have them do a little checkpoint. I think that helped. I think grading a little bit for growth helped even in my upper level classes, I did that because I think they figured out that it wasn't really all about the grade and that I was going to give them opportunities to raise their grade if they didn't do well because I gave them opportunities to rewrite at least twice a semester. And that helped me. I don't know that that helps in every way. Like I said, I'm sure I still had the fake reader. I'm not trying to think I caught them all. I'm sure I didn't. But I also feel like to some extent if you were, I guess, reading enough critiques of the piece to be able to fool me through discussions and written work, you probably could have just read the book. I mean, like maybe you read just as much as the people who read the book, but you just read all critical analysis. So that's just sort of how I like made my peace with it. Yeah, but it can be frustrating. I think this is the last slide on the writing process. So writing the final draft, at this point you should have had, hopefully multiple opportunities for input from peers. If these are little bitty short pieces, obviously, they're not gonna go through all these phases of the writing process. We're talking about things that you know you're living with for a longer body of time. And depending on the level of students that you're working with, you might not get to do that until the spring semester with your kiddos. Publishing can take many forms. I would say with younger kids going back to something you said earlier, maybe you'd have them create advertisements. This would be an opportunity for them to go through the process without having a lot of words be incorporated in it. You could have certain requirements as to how many, like maybe a slogan and an explanation or something of the campaign. And that could be displayed in the classroom. You can do those electronically now. There are a lot of great infographic websites that you can use for you with your kids that make creating advertisements or flyers a little easier. And if you have technology in your classroom and you're expected to use it, that would be a good way to pull that in with younger kids. And of course, there's other ideas here, but really publishing is ultimately about sharing it rather with a larger audience. If you have a really big class, which I know unfortunately some of you guys might have classes of like 35, 36 kids. Hopefully not too many of you do, but I know that that's a reality now. I frequently could not make time if they did independent work for everyone to hear all that. So we would do gallery walks or I would put them in quarters, so eight kids would share. That's usually as much as they could stand to listen to anyway of a presentation. And that made it manageable and it also gave them lots of ideas. And I typically would give them some little form to fill out of an affirmation or an extension idea just so that they were building on each other's ideas that way. So just to piggyback on what you said about the publishing mode and presenting in groups and such, keeping in mind that whenever kids are in presentation mode and whether you have whole class or partial, it's so essential that the listeners are doing something. Somehow assessing or making a note, contributing something rather than just in theory listening. Right. I never tell many writing projects that you have in, let's say a semester. In a language class, that's probably gonna be a lot more than English. It depends on the level. Monika, how many do you have in your AP class IB? Formal ones, we do like a formal, the insight, the first place of essay, which is a piece of the, we do one of six weeks. Okay, one every six weeks, so three a semester. Who teaches level three here? How many writing products do you all have your students producing? That's right, it varies by length. Do they do any formal paper at level three? This is the big one, we do six big ones, but there's writing. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. No, I'm hearing that, that those are your big projects. So what about the biggest project you do at level three? How many of those? Yeah? What I do is like larger. Okay. Yeah. Presenting. Okay, okay. So this is gonna vary a lot, but it's, but be doing something. And it's better if you say, I just can't even do a big project, I just can't. I don't want them to do a huge essay that I've got a grade. Have them still writing, they can still write. They can still write a lot. You don't necessarily, if you're not required to in your curriculum, it's not like you have to have them write these huge projects, but get them writing often. Yeah, even in English, I would say, I mean, they're writing daily in some small way, you know, all the time, but I tried to vary the format. So even if they were supposed to be writing something analytical, sometimes it would be through discussion forums across peers, because that's more exciting for them after they've already written for me a couple of times, they need to stop writing for me. Well, actually, what happens is that in sometimes in basic writing course, you want to go through like explicative and discourse and argumentive and everything. Talk could kind of like work over the different types of writing, yeah, different modes of writing, like you said, informative, declarative, expository, so that way they have an idea, but of course this is more than very basic, but very basic and related to writing more than language in itself. Right, and ultimately, the writing, especially those larger, longer, lived with pieces, will probably be the subject of your assessments. You'll have informal, formative assessments all the time, but those will probably be your more summative moments. You'll want to definitely involve peer assessment early in the drafting process, probably after they at least have what I used to call the working draft, maybe about 60%. They can start at least reading it aloud to each other and getting ideas for questions the reader might have so that they can address those in content. Again, not grammatical checks or anything like that, just content focused. You also want to have self-assessment along the way, and then you come in at the end, but I really did like to use the exact same rubric that they did. I had them complete it whenever the product was finished and submit it along with their piece, and they always had to write a rationale, so I don't just want to see the score, you have to write a rationale and use language from the rubric to support the assessment score that you've given. Anything to add to that? No, I'm just, while she's talking, I'm thinking back to our novices and how we still want them to write, and you may be saying, well, what kind of products can their final product be? And I was just thinking about how novices could, all the different students in the class could create together, compile a clothing catalog with maybe a picture of the clothing. They could get online and go to Cort English or whatever international clothing store and get a few descriptions to build their vocabulary about what the summer dress might look like or the winter pants or whatever. They could make a grocery flyer that you would put up for what sale items are on sale and that sort of thing. I mean, there are all different kinds of formats for those level ones where they are writing, but it's not necessarily an essay or a full-length paragraph or that sort of thing, even full sentences. I think it's nice too when you get to this publishing and even, to some extent, to sort of try to broaden the audience if you can. If you have older students who are a little bit more adept at the language and they are getting presentations, it might be nice to invite a colleague who has an off period who shares the language that can also come in and give a little bit of feedback or maybe some parents who wanna have a way to be involved would be willing to come in and listen and give some feedback too. It's nice for them to get feedback from folks outside of you and the people that they've been getting it from, especially in the spring. There's those moments where everybody's kind of like, ooh, I've worked with you a whole lot of times. And it'd be nice for them to hear a fresh voice if nothing else. I'm thinking five, six weeks, it seems like that's usually about when that starts to show up. Okay, so you wanna give our instructions? So what we're going to do is now we're going to put it into your hands. A lot of you, I'm not sure how you're seated in terms of the language that you teach and the level that you're preferred level. But we've got two extra tables back there. We've got our space up here. And I think maybe I should go and pick tables and tell people might be the easiest thing to do, right? But we want you to get up together. We're gonna break up and separate, but hold on. Pardon? It's online. Oh yes, hold on. Before we break into groups, let's talk about what we're going to be doing, okay? First of all, you are gonna be breaking into groups. It can be two or three people per group, preferably somebody that teaches your language and your level. Although, oftentimes, you can just, you personally, if you're the only level one teacher here, you can take the level three idea and break it down, right? So it's not that you're limited. You've each written on the back of your card some themes. You're gonna bring these to your groups to talk about them. Number three, we're going to, oh, ha ha, caramba. It's not gonna help you anyway. I think that, Sarah, can you come and help them get to the? No, no, tell us how to get, just show me how to get there. In fact, I'm gonna let you get there. Sarah? But we gotta show the next slide. Oh, hold on just one minute. Hold on, okay, right. Here's what we're gonna do. We're gonna go back and show this to you, but we're gonna make sure you have the template.  Well, you go for it. So you're essentially creating a short unit and ideally it will be one that takes that theme, whichever one you guys decide you wanna work with as a pair or triad, and you're going to make sure that you have the following items within your short unit. This could be a unit that is two days, three days, four days, however long you think it will take your kids at that level to get through it. You're gonna have an engagement activity. You could have more than one, but certainly one that's the identified spark moment. An explorative quick write, an opportunity to explain. So making sure that you build in time for them to explain their understanding of the concept that they've just been exploring or discovering. And then you're gonna have elaboration opportunities through at least two active learning activities. I'm just throwing these up because this is what we did today. You do not have to use those. You're certainly welcome to, but you might have another strategy that you would prefer to incorporate, especially if you're working with an existing unit that you're just kind of like our existing lesson, rather that you're just sort of bumping up a little bit. Okay, and at least one analysis task. So something that asks them to work with data in a specific way, okay? And again, if you don't use these, then you can have them analyze in a different way, perhaps with data that you presented to them, especially if you're feeling like they might not be able to manipulate the language successfully enough without more of your input, okay? May I clarify that? Yes. For example, you could share a graph with them that showed major diseases of Latin America. And then they could make, they could evaluate and analyze it based on that criteria in the graph itself. They just wanna make sure they realize they don't have to create their own data. So evaluation through synthesis and writing. So at the end, we're coming to the assessment and this is your opportunity to have them put in writing what they learned through this experience. Obviously it's also their opportunity to evaluate that because they have to think about it to put it down. Any questions just about the expectations of what will be in the mini-units? Okay, we'll post this again momentarily, but let's show you how to get to the template. I actually do have a question. Yes. The last part evaluated sort of metacognitive piece. Sure. The metacognitive piece, which is the last one evaluation through synthesis and writing. Are we assuming that they're doing that in English? I usually do have them do that part in English. I would like you to do it in their loat. We would like you to have them do something. The synthesis doesn't have to be sophisticated. The synthesis can be just as you saw, tres personas en la clase toman café, three people in the classroom drink coffee black. It doesn't have to be sophisticated, but what we want them to do is think through the process and produce something in loat. That's the goal. Writing in loat. I defer to her on that answer. We want you to have them produce the writing in loat. And also the last thing, the synthesis and writing, those were whatever format we want them to look like. Anything. It could be very succinct. It could be more complex and longer if you're writing for an upper level. Yes, a synthesis could be something as simple as when I said level one kids could create a catalog of clothing. And remember what you guys did earlier was you wrote as a group. That's okay too. Yeah, that's great too. They can do group writing. They can do group writing.