We are back as promised with some more of social Friday. Yes, the one of the day pali from our brother. But right about now, it's time for the development goals. Food being one of them, one of the pillars right there. And last time we told you guys about the health price. So this time round we have representatives from the Multimedia University and they are here to share the same story with us Karibunisan. Thank you. Thank you so much. All right. So more energy please. Yes, that is what I was looking for. The camera is number four. Please introduce yourself. Okay, so my name is Hana Nungari. I'm a student at Multimedia University. I'm pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Industrial Chemistry. Currently I'm a second year student. And my role as health price in Multimedia University I'm the documentation coordinator. So you window not stronger form. Basically it's like a fancy name for secretary. It's a really old form. All right. I'm Patricia Matevo. I'm a third year student at Multimedia University of Kenya and I'm the Compass Director for Health Price. Yeah, I do bachelor's degree in Analytical Chemistry. Analytical Chemistry is fun. Analytical Chemistry is fun for real. Yeah. I don't know if Khalifa will agree. Do you agree? All right. What is it about chemistry that you love so much? The reactions. The reactions? Wow. What is it about chemistry that you love so much? I mean, I don't know. It's just a passion for me. It's just a passion for me. All right. But you like reactions. Yeah, I mean chemistry is reactions. And changes. Yeah, and changes everything. Okay. I like, I like, I like. So have you received any submissions from Multimedia students? This year's theme is Food for Good. Oh yes, yes. So this year's theme is Food for Good and we have, so far we have like 20, 30 teams. And our target is 30 teams because you see Multimedia is trying to pick up. When you compare it to other campuses, Multimedia is at the beginning stage. When it comes to this health price situation. Yeah, when it comes to health price situation. We're really doing our best trying to pick teams here and there. How big is, how big is a team? A team should have just three or four members. Yeah. A team should have three or four members max. All right. So you have 20 teams already with three to four. Wow. Have you read the documents that they submitted since you're the person in charge of it? Basically my role is just write minutes. Yeah, but yeah, guys are submitting there for competing for the competitions. All right. And yeah, it's a progress because we're aiming at 30 teams and so far we are at 20. So you are 20. Corona is not also saving the situation. It's not making the situation any better. Yeah, corona is not making the situation any easier but yeah, we're trying to work our best, you know. Yeah, just trying to do our best and everything. All right, I like. Have you seen some innovative ideas for Multimedia for the probably good contenders? Yes, I mean my teams are just amazing. Let me be frank. So apparently she's not supposed to know what the other teams are doing because she's also going to participate. Okay. So it's allowed for an official in the club to also participate? Yes, except the campus director. Except the campus director. So director kuna responsibilities mingisanga. Exactly. I should do everything but I shouldn't participate at the on campus level. So yeah, I mean there was subgroups for these teams so I'm trying to monitor their progress and I'm like, damn, damn. I mean this is amazing. All right, I like. So Multimedia has a lot of brilliant kids and amazing minds. Yeah, and some of the participants actually have won before in other, let's see, when they're looking for funds. For example we have this project called Automated Handwashing Station which is by Eric and Eric has actually won a lot of funds from Clinton Global Initiative University also from Ford. So you can imagine the kind of teams I have because also Eric is trying to mentor these other teams. All right. So Eric came up with an automated handwashing machine. Yeah, for the COVID. All right, for the COVID. All right. This is a student from Multimedia. So our universities are working. Yeah. No. No. Yeah, in fact now platforms like Halprice it gives students to come up with very innovative ideas that will solve solutions in the community. All right. So yeah, in fact for me if I'm to look at this COVID-19 it has actually helped students become more innovative because they had like a lot of time on their hands. Frankly speaking, I wouldn't want to go back to school right now because I have a lot of things that you have learnt during the seven months that you are very interested in now. Yeah plus I really need to get my teams working and they have a lot of time right now but now if you go back to school they will have very little time to focus on their projects it's really nice that we really need that cream. She closed up and opened yet. Multimedia is still closed. Until Monday they are planning to open on Monday for second years and third year students because finalists of course they are scheduled for earlier. So food for good, food for good is a theme. So they are focusing on food security. What does this mean to a country like Kenya by the way? Having innovators in campus working on such a project. Okay so every year Hal Price will release a theme and this year's theme is food for good and it touches seven SDGs the Sustainable Development Goals which is 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 and how many are they? 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10 I know education of poverty and now health. Yeah they use health then for food also this for the health, this for the food and for job opportunities. So actually Hal Price is trying to focus also in giving job opportunities. In fact the fact that they are trying to make students become very innovative that means our students will be like our own employers and provide employment for those without employment as well. So here's the thing, say I come up with a project or Hannah comes up with a project and she manages to get funded the 1 million which she is awarded at the end of this Hal Price cycle. I mean first year, second year we'll be able to look for attachment at Hannah's company so you understand what Hal Price is trying to do. It's trying to build the future and secure the future for the next generation right there. Alright I like. So what is the price of the table? You know people are missing this part of the price. There's a million dollars at for grabs, up for grabs. Yes. A million dollar. That's a hundred million dollars. A million US dollars. So what did you do with the million? A million US dollars. First of all if of course it's to fund my innovation it's like a start up actually the money is to fund your innovation and of course you're trying to expand your company trying to create more jobs for people and yeah trying to I'm pretty sure that the million is not going to go into all of it is not going to. So what Hal Price expects you to do with that one million first is to expand your project because let's say maybe you are at that stage rate was just an idea or you just came up with a small prototype so with that one million you are able to like actualize it. Actualize your idea and also and change lives not just only in a community you can also start let's say when Kenya got South Africa got to India so it will help you reach more people create more impact. So the projects that you were seeing being submitted are they like physical project or some of them are just documents, write ups of ideas does it have to be something built by hand or I can just write an idea and submit as well. Alright so some of my teams this is the first time they are hearing of Hal Price so some of them are actually coming up with ideas which Hal Price actually encourages ideas because if your idea is really good and you pitch it very well then you'll be able to actualize it with the one million USD. But again if you have a prototype already that's a plus I mean going to somebody and you're telling them this is what I'll be doing in fact I've already tried it so it's a plus for you So having a prototype and also knowing how to pitch it's a very plus for you to proceed to the next level. So key things know how to pitch know how to write a document how to write up nicely and have a great idea. And teamwork. Why are they focusing on teams by the way why can't I just do it myself and get the one million myself. Also Hal Price wants to know that if you're able to work in a team I mean having one million USD doesn't mean that you're just going to start a small company it's going to be a very big company that means you'll need more people in your company so you need to start having teamwork so that you may be able to delegate duties as long as when you're at the on campus level So exactly that's why Hal Price wants us to be in teams not just one person because understand it's not easy. Bright lady here is a lot of you selling. So people might assume that this year's theme is for bachelor's degree in agricultural something bachelor's degree maybe in industrial chemistry or bio biochem or something people from anybody from any field can participate. Do you think it's possible for somebody from engineering department to come up with a solution that will make food production sustained? This platform actually it's not basically for people who are doing just agriculture because Hal Price is focusing on campus students not only those who are doing bachelor's degrees also postgraduate students can participate and actually in my team I do industrial chemistry and agriculture related as much and also have a guy who is doing a bachelor's in mathematics and computer science What is he bringing to the table? I'm just curious. I mean I'm just trying to say it's just not for specific people Just paint a picture for us what plus does he bring to your group like having a statistician or a mathematician in your group for example I think for him he's doing this stuff about computers but actually he's the one who came up with the idea of which I'm not going to disclose because yes until the day so just to secure idea but he's the guy who has the idea something to say you don't have to depend it doesn't have to be a person who is doing an agriculture anyone can have that idea Anybody can have an idea that can change the world in any form in any way and it's all about breaking the boundaries so how can people get to be part of this first get a call out for all the multimedia students who are at home and don't know about this first and then the general public first to all multimedia students who are watching right now just look them straight into their eyes right now to all multimedia university students who are watching right now man I am very happy for you I love what you're doing and I'm really looking forward to having the very best teams we need 10 more teams we need 10 more teams keep on encouraging your friends because maybe your team is very full but you already have a friend somewhere who also wants to participate in HALPRIES encourage them tell them to reach out to me or Waiita who is our teams coordinator and together we make things we make impact together you can create very good impact alright thank you very much for that one the general public how can they get to be part of HALPRIES wala wasona so mea can I graduate or post graduate okay we have a website they can register their teams there the website is at oh HALPRIESh.com HALPRIESh.com or simply just visit HALPRIES.org or simply just visit HALPRIES.org alright thank you very much guys for coming through would you like to be famous tell them your instagram handle so they can follow all my media platforms are Trish Mativo all of them Trish Mativo Trish Thank you very much Trish my IG handle is Hany Gta Hanna Gitya and Facebook also Hanna Gitya Hanna Gitya thank you very much we wish Hanna all the best get them million dollars and usi twisa auki shinda niwa kumvuki thank you very much for coming through and keep pushing keep doing what you're doing we have come to the end of this one this one is for food for good sustainable food production for our population for the future generations so check out HALPRIESh and be part of this in any way you can on the internet on social media as well my name is Barry Moses and we have BDJ Khalifa serving us the music as always ira undu naqtpani the next round what should we expect don't take us to us okay alright let's stand with Nigeria by the way right Jio story we'll play some Nigerian music and then we'll be back for the 254 I'm a baby let's dance we'll be back


Hello everybody, Andrea Maesvi here with Dental L Tutoring. So I've been doing some updates early this morning, and I wanted to point out a free 10 week study guide that I have done for dental hygiene students and dental assisting students as well, because I'd say the most common question that people ask me, that people email me is, I have a month to study, I have two months to study, I have even three months, where do I start? What are the topics that I should focus on? Can you help me? So I thought that this would help you out. So I'm just going to, I will open up the dental hygiene guide to sort of give you an idea of what it looks like. So all you have to do is go to the main site at www.dentall.com, and it's right here. So here's the one for dental hygiene students. Here's the one for dental assisting students. So let me just click on the one for dental hygiene students, and I'll just kind of show you guys what it looks like. So this is just pretty much for a good simple guide to kind of go through everything, okay? So starting from week one to week two to week three. Now, as you guys can see, week one is a lot smaller than week two, and week three is a lot larger than week one. So don't look at it as, you know, everything in week one. So ethics, dental hygiene care, public health, health promotion, and cultures. It may take you more or less than a week to study. So it does depend on how much time you have. So for example, if you only have two hours a day to study because you work full time, you might still be in school, you have kids. So if you're only able to study, let's say, two hours a day, then all of this in week one might take you two weeks, or it might take you a week and a half. It might take you less time if you're studying six hours a day. So the week one, two, and three, and four, et cetera, is just simply a guideline of what I feel you should be studying first, second, third, and so on. So yeah, you guys. So I just kind of put down all of the different topics, study every single one of these things, and you will be fine for the board exam. And you might be looking through and saying, well, not everything's on here, but everything here is what you need to know for the board exam because I don't have a crystal ball. I wish I did. I wish that I could tell you guys exactly what to study. I wish I could tell you exactly what would be on the board exam, but I can't. So these are all topics that have been on the board exam before, and these are the main topics that you should know. Plus I took it a step further, and if you haven't signed up for the full board exam prep academy yet, sign up using this link here, which you just have to click on it, and you will have free access to all lectures for the past year also. So not only the ones for this year, but the ones for last year too. So that's huge. So I will just click on this for one second to just kind of show you guys. So for dental hygiene students, this is the page that pops up. You have full access to everything. So it's pretty easy. So if you're, for example, looking at the study plan and you say, whoa, I feel kind of overwhelmed, I need your help, I can help you guys. So thank you so much for watching. If you guys need any help, please let me know. And happy studying.


Part XI of Ultima Fool. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain. Recording by Karen Savage. Ultima Fool by Mac Reynolds. Part XI. Ronnie Bronston had got to the point where he avoided controversial subject with Tog even when provoked, and she had a sneaky little way of provoking arguments. They had only one really knock-down-and-drag-out verbal battle on the way to Kropotkin. It had started innocently enough after dinner on the space-liner on which they had taken passage for the first part of the trip. To kill time they were playing Battle-Chess with its larger board and added contingents of pawns and castles. Ronnie said idly, "'You know, in spite of the fact that I am a third-generation United Planet citizen and employee, I am just beginning to realize how far out some of our member-planets are. I had no idea before.' She frowned in concentration before moving. She was advancing her men in echelon attack, taking losses in exchange for territory and trying to pen him up in such small space that he couldn't maneuver. She said, "'How do you mean?' Ronnie lifted and dropped a shoulder. "'Well, New Delos and its theocracy, for instance, and Shangri-La and Mother and some of the other planets with extremes in government of socioeconomic system. I hadn't the vaguest idea about such places.' She made a deprecating sound. "'You should see Amazonia. Or, for that matter, the Orwellian State.' "'Amazonia,' he said. "'Does that mean what it sounds like it does?' She made her move and settled back in satisfaction. Her pawns were in such a position that his bishops were both unusable. He'd tried to play a phalanx game in the early stages of her attack, but she'd broken through, rolling up his left flank after sacrificing a castle and a knight. "'Certainly does,' she said, a fairly recently colonized planet. A few thousand feminists, no men at all, moved on to it a few centuries ago, and it's still an out-and-out matriarchy.' Ronnie cleared his throat delicately. "'Without men—uh, how did they continue several centuries?' Togge suppressed her amusement. Artificial insemination at first, so I understand. They brought their, um, supply with them. But then there were boys among the first generation on the new planet, and even the Amazonians weren't up to cold-bloodedly butchering their children, so they merely enslaved them. Nice girls.' Ronnie stared at her. "'You mean all men are automatically slaves on this planet?' "'That's right.' Ronnie made an improperly thought-out move, trying to bring up a castle to reinforce his collapsing flank. He said, "'U.P. allows anybody to join evidently.' And there was disgust in his voice. "'Why not?' she said mildly. "'Well, there should be some standards.' Togge moved quickly, dominating with a knight several squares he couldn't afford to lose. She looked up at him, her dark eyes sparkling. The point of U.P. is to include all the planets. That way at least conflict can be avoided, and some exchange of science, industrial techniques, and cultural gains take place. And you must remember that while in power practically no socioeconomic system will admit to the fact that it could possibly change for the better. But actually there is nothing less stable. Public systems are always in a condition of flux. Planets such as Amazonia might for a time seem so brutal in their methods as to exclude their right to civilized intercourse with the rest. However, one of these days there will be a change, or one of these centuries. They all change sooner or later.' She added softly. "'Even Han.' "'Han?' Ronnie said. Her voice was quiet, where I was born Ronnie, colonized from China in the very early days. In fact, I spent my childhood in a commune. She said musingly. The party bureaucrats thought their system an impregnable, unchangeable one. Your move.' Ronnie was fascinated. "'And what happened?' He was in full retreat now, with nowhere to go. His pieces pinned up for the slaughter. He moved upon to try and open up his queen. "'Why don't you concede?' she said. Tommy Payne happened. "'Pain?' "'Uh-huh. It's a long story. I'll tell you about it some time.' She pressed closer with her own queen. He stared disgustedly at the board. "'Well, that's what I mean,' he muttered. I had no idea there were so many varieties of crackpot political economic systems among the U.P. membership.' "'They're not necessarily crackpot,' she protested mildly, just at different stages of development.' "'Not crackpot,' he said. "'Here we are, heading for a planet named Krapotkin, which evidently practices anarchy.' "'Your move,' she said. "'What's wrong with anarchism?' He glowered at her and outraged disgust. "'Was it absolutely impossible for him to say anything without her disagreement?' Tog said mildly. "'The anarchistic ethic is one of the highest man has ever developed,' she added, after a moment of pretty consideration. "'Unfortunately, admittedly, it hasn't been practical to put to practice. It will be interesting to see how they have done on Krapotkin.' "'Anarchistic ethic? Yes,' Ronnie snapped. "'I'm no student of the movement, but the way I understand it, there isn't any.' Tog smiled sweetly. The belief upon which they base their teachings is that no man is capable of judging another. Ronnie cast his eye ceilingward. "'Okay, I give up.' She began rapidly resetting the pieces. "'Another game?' she said brightly. "'Hey, I didn't mean the game. I was just about to counter-attack.' "'Ha!' she said.' The section G.A. John Krapotkin was named Hidika Yamamoto, but he was on a field tour and wouldn't be back for several days. However, there wasn't especially any great hurry so far as Ronnie Bronston and Tog Lee Chang Chu knew. They got themselves organized in the rather rustic equivalent of a hotel, which was located fairly near U.P. headquarters, and took up the usual problems of arranging for local exchange, meals, means of transportation, and such necessities. It was a greater problem than usual. In fact, hadn't it been for the presence of the U.P. organization, which had already gone through all this the hard way, some of the difficulties would have been all but insurmountable. For instance, there was no local exchange. There was no medium of exchange at all. Evidently, simple barter was the rule. In the hotel—if it could be called a hotel—lobby, Ronnie Bronston looked at Tog. Anarchism, he said, oh great, the highest ethic of all. And what's the means of transportation on this wonderful planet? The horse. And how are we going to get a couple of horses with no means of exchange? She tingled with laughter. All right, he said, you're the man Friday, you find out the details and handle them. I am going out to take a look around the town, if you can call this a town. It's the capital of Kropotkin, Tog said placatingly, though with a mocking background in her tone. Name of Bancunin, and very pleasant, too, from what little I've seen. Not a bit of smog, industrial fumes, street dirt, street noises. How could there be, he injected disgustedly. There isn't any industry, there aren't any cars, and for all practical purposes no streets. The house is a quarter of a mile or so apart. She laughed at him again. City boy, she said, go on out there and enjoy nature a little. It'll do you good. Anybody who has cooped himself up in that one big city earth all his life ought to enjoy seeing what the great outdoors looks like. He looked at her and grinned. She was cute as a pixie, and there was no two ways about that. He wondered for a moment what kind of a wife she'd make, and then shuttered inwardly. Life would be one big contradiction of anything he'd managed to get out of his trap. He strolled idly along what was little more than a country path, and it came to him that there were probably few worlds in the whole U.P. where he'd have been prone to do this within the first few hours he'd been on the planet. He would have been afraid elsewhere of anything from foot-pads to police, from unknown vehicles to unknown traffic laws. There was something bewildering about being an earthling and being set down suddenly in New Delos or on Avalon. Here somehow he already had a feeling of peace. Evidently, although Bancunin was supposedly a city, its populace tilled their fields and provided themselves with their own food. He could see no signs of stores or warehouses, and the U.P. building, which was no great edifice itself, was the only thing in town which looked even remotely like a governmental building. Bancunin was neat, clean as a pin as the expression went. Rani was vaguely reminded of a historical tri-de-romance he'd once seen. It had been laid in ancient times in a community of the Amish in Old Pennsylvania. He approached one of the wooden houses. The things would have been priceless on earth as an antique to be erected as a museum in some crowded park. For that matter it would have been priceless for the wood it contained. Evidently the planet Kropotkin still had considerable virgin forest. An old timer smoking a pipe sat on the cottage's front step. He nodded politely. Rani stopped. He might as well try to get a little of the feel of a place. He said courteously. A pleasant evening. The old timer nodded. As evenings should be after a fruitful day's toil. Sit down, comrade. You must be from the United Planets. Have you ever seen earth? Rani accepted the invitation and felt a soothing calm descend upon him almost immediately. An almost disturbingly pleasant calm. He said, I was born on earth. I, the old man said, tell me. The books say that Kropotkin is an earth-type planet within what they call a few degrees. But is it? Is Kropotkin truly like the mother-planet? Rani looked about him. He'd seen some of this world as the shuttle rocket had brought them down from the passing liner. The forests, the lakes, the rivers, and the great sections untouched by man's hands. Now he saw the areas between homes, the neat fields, the signs of human toil, the toil of hands, not machines. No, he said, shaking his head. I'm afraid not. This is how earth must once have been, but no longer. The other nodded. Our total population is but a few million, he said. Then I would like to see the mother-planet. But I suppose I never shall. Rani said diplomatically, I have seen little of Kropotkin thus far, and I am not so sure that I might not be happy to stay here, rather than ever return to earth. The old man knocked the ashes from his pipe by striking it against a heel of a work gnarled hand. He looked about him thoughtfully and said, Yes, perhaps you're right. I am an old man, and life has been good. I suppose I should be glad that I'll unlikely live to see Kropotkin change. Change? You plan changes? End of Part XI. The old man looked at him, and there seemed to be a very faint bitterness, politely suppressed. I wouldn't say we planned them, comrade. Certainly not we of the older generation, but the trend toward change is already to be seen by anyone who wishes to look, and our institutions won't long be able to stand. But of course if you're from united planets you would know more of this than I. I'm sorry, I don't know what you're talking about. You are indeed new on Kropotkin, the old man said. Just a moment. He went into his house and emerged with a small power-pack. He indicated it to Rani Bronston. This is our destruction, he said. The Section G agent shook his head bewildered. The old timer sat down again. My son, he said, runs the farm now. Six months ago he traded one of our colts for a small pump powered by one of these. It was little use on my part to argue against the step. The pump eliminates considerable work at the well and in irrigation. Rani still didn't understand. The power-pack is dead now, the old man said, and my son needs a new one. They're extremely cheap, Rani said. An industrialized planet turns them out in multi-million amounts at practically no cost. We have little with which to trade, a few handicrafts at most. Rani said, but good heavens, man, build yourselves a plant to manufacture the power-packs. With a population this small, a factory employing no more than half a dozen men, could turn out all you need. The old man was shaking his head. He held up the battery. This comes from the planet Archimedes, he said, one of the most highly industrialized in the U.P., so I understand. On Archimedes, do you know how many persons it takes to manufacture this power-pack? A handful to operate the whole factory. Archimedes is fully automated. The old man was still moving his head negatively. No. It takes the total working population of the planet. How many metals do you think are contained in it in all? I can immediately see what must be lead and copper. Rani said uncomfortably, probably at least a dozen, some in microscopic amounts. That's right. So we need a highly developed metallurgical industry before we can even begin. Then a developed transportation industry to take the metals to the factory. We need power to run the factory, hydroelectric, solar, or possibly atomic power. We need a tool-making industry to equip the factory, the transport industry and the power industry. And while the men are employed in these, we need farmers to produce food for them, educators to teach them the sciences and techniques involved, and an entertainment industry to amuse them in their hours of rest. As their lives become more complicated with all this, we need a developed medical industry to keep them in health. The old man hesitated for a moment, then said, And above all, we need a highly complicated government to keep all this accumulation of wealth in check and balance. No. You see, my friend, it takes social labour to produce products such as this. And thus far we have avoided that on Krapotkin. In fact, it was for such avoidance that my ancestors originally came to this planet.  You show me this basically simple power-pack and say it will ruin your socioeconomic system.  The old man sighed and looked out of the village unseeingly. It's not just that single item, of course. The other day one of my neighbours turned up with a light bulb with built-in power for a year's time. It is the envy of the unthinking persons of the neighbourhood, most of whom would give a great deal for such a source of light. A nephew of mine has somehow even acquired a powered bicycle, I think you call them, from somewhere or other. One by one, item by item, these products of advanced technology turn up from, wence, we don't seem to be able to find out. Under his breath Ronnie muttered, Pain. I beg your pardon, the old man said. Nothing, the Section G agent said. He leaned forward, and a worried frown working its way over his face began to question the other more closely. Afterwards Ronnie Bronston strode slowly towards the UP headquarters.  But as always there seemed to be an office for Section G. Ronnie stood outside it for a moment. There were voices from within, but he didn't knock. In fact, he cast his eyes up and down the short corridor. At the far end was a desk with a girl in the interplanetary cultural exchange department working away in concentration. She wasn't looking in his direction. Ronnie Bronston put his ear to the door. The building was primitive enough, rustic enough in its construction to permit his hearing. Tog Lee Chang Chu was saying seriously, Oh, it was chaotic all right, but no. I don't really believe it could have been a Tommy Payne case. Actually, I'd suggest to you that you run over to Catalina. When I was on Avalon I heard rumours that Tommy Payne's fingers seemed to be stirring around in the mess there. Yes, I'd recommend that you take off for Catalina immediately. If Payne is anywhere in this vicinity at all, it would be Catalina. For a moment Ronnie Bronston froze. Then in automatic reflex his hand went inside his jacket to rest over the butt of the Model H automatic there. No, that wasn't the answer. His hand dropped away from the gun. He listened further. Another voice was saying, We thought we were on the trail for a while on Hector, but it turned out it wasn't Payne, just a group of local agitators fed up with the Communist regime there. There is going to be a bloodbath on Hector before they're through, but it doesn't seem to be Payne's work this time. Tog's voice was musing, Well, you never know. It sounds like the sort of muck he likes to play in. The strange voice said argumentatively, Well, Hector needs a few fundamental changes. It could be, Tog said, but that's their internal affairs, of course. Our job in Section G is to prevent troubles between the differing socioeconomic and religious features of member planets. Whatever we think of some of the things Payne does, our task is to get him. Ronnie Bronston pushed the door open and went through. Lady Chang Chu was sitting at a desk, nonchalant and petitly beautiful as usual, comfortably seated in easy chairs were two young men, by their attire probably citizens of United Planets, and possibly even earthlings. Hello, Ronnie, Tog said softly. Meet Frederick Lipman and Pedro Nazar, both Section G operatives. This is my colleague, Ronald Bronston, gentlemen. Frederick and Pedro were just leaving, Ronnie. The two agents got up to shake hands. Ronnie said, You can't be in that much of a hurry. What's your assignment, boys? Lipman, an earnest type, and by his appearance not more than twenty-five or so years of age, began to answer. But Nazar said hurriedly, Actually, it's a confidential assignment. We're working directly out of the octagon. Lipman said frowning, It's not that confidential, Tog. Bronston's an agent, too. What's your assignment, Ronnie? Ronnie said very slowly, I'm beginning to suspect that it's the same as yours, and various pieces are beginning to fall into place. Bronston was taken aback. You mean you're looking for Tommy Payne? His eyes went to his associate. How could that be, Tog? I didn't know more than one of us were on this job. Why, that means if Bronston here finds him first, I won't get my permanent appointment. Ronnie looked at Tog Lee Chang Chu, who was sitting demurely, hands in lap, and a resigned expression on her face. He said, Nor if you find him first will I. Look here, Tog, how many men does Sid Jakes have out on this assignment? I wouldn't know, she said mildly. He snapped a few dozen or so, or possibly a few hundred? It seems unlikely there could be that many, she said mildly. She looked at the other two agents. I think you had better run along. Take my suggestion I made earlier. Wait a minute, Ronnie snapped. You mean that they'd go to Catalina?  Tog Lee Chang Chu looked at Pedro Nazar, and he turned and started for the door followed by Frederick Lipman, who was still scowling his puzzlement. Wait a minute, Ronnie snapped. I tell you it's ridiculous, and why follow her suggestions. She's just my assistant. Pedro Nazar said, Come on Fred, let's get going. We'll have to pack. But Lipman wasn't having any. His assistant, he said, to Tog Lee Chang Chu. Tog Lee Chang Chu's face changed expression in sudden decision. She opened her bag and brought forth a Section G identification wallet inflicted open. The badge was gold. I suggest you hurry, she said to the two agents. They left, and Tog turned back to Ronnie, her eyebrows raised questioningly. Ronnie sank down into one of the chairs recently occupied by the two other agents and tried to unravel his thoughts. He said finally, I suppose my question should be, why do Rosma Taxa and Sid Jake send an agent of supervisor rank to act as assistant to a probationary agent? But that's not what I'm asking yet. Lipman just called his buddy Tog. How come? Tog took her seat again, rueful resignation on her face. You should be figuring it out on your own by this time, Ronnie. He looked at her belligerently.  The anger was growing within him. Tog, she said, it's a nickname, or possibly you might call it a title. Tog, T-O-G, the other guy. My name is Lee Chang Chu, and I am of supervisor grade presently working at developing new Section G operatives. Considering the continuing rapid growth of UP and the continuing crises that come up in UP activities, developing new operatives is one of the department's most pressing jobs. Each new agent, on his first assignment, is always paired with an experienced old-timer. I see, he said flatly, your principal job being to needle the fledgling, eh?  I wouldn't exactly word it that way, she said. She was obviously unrepentant. He said, you must get a lot of laughs out of it. If I say it seems to me democracy is a good thing, you give me an argument about the superiority of rule by an elite.   You and Metaxa and Jakes and every other agent in Section G. Everybody's in on the Tog gag but the sucker. Sometimes there are amusing elements to the work. Lee Chang conceded, amirly. Just one more thing I'd like to ask, Ronnie rapped. This first assignment agents are given. Is it always to look for Tommy Payne? She looked up at him, said nothing, but her eyes were questioning. Don't worry, he snapped, I've already found out who Payne is. Ah! She was suddenly interested. Then I'm glad I ordered that other probationary agent to leave. Evidently he hasn't. Obviously I didn't want the two of you comparing notes. No, that would never do, he said bitterly. Well this is the end of the assignment so far as you and I are concerned. I'm heading back for earth. Of course, she said. End of Part XII. He had time on the way to think it all over, and over and over again, and a great deal of it simply didn't make sense. He had enough information to be disillusioned, sick at heart, to have crumbled an idealistic edifice that had taken a lifetime to build—a lifetime, at least three. His father and his grandfather before him had had the dream. He'd been weaned on the idealistic purposes of the United Planets and man's fated growth into the stars. He was a third-generation dreamer of participating in the glory. His grandfather had been a citizen of earth and gave up a commercial position to take a job that amounted to little more than a janitor and an obscure department of interplanetary financial clearing. He wanted to get into the big job, into space, but never made it. Ronnie's father managed to work up to the point where he was a supervisor in interplanetary medical exchange in the tabulating department. He too had wanted into space and never made it. Ronnie had loved them both. In a way fulfilling his own dreams had been a debt he owed them, because at the same time he was fulfilling theirs. And now this. All that had been gold was suddenly guilted lead. The dream had become contemptuous nightmare. Finally back in Greater Washington he went immediately from the shuttle-port to the octagon. His Bureau of Investigation badge was enough to see him through the guide-guards and all the way through to the office of Irene Kazanski. She looked up at him quickly. Hi! She said. Ronnie Bronston, isn't it? That's right. I want to see Commissioner Metaxa. She scowled. I can't work you in now. How about Sid Jakes? He said, Jakes is in charge of the Tommy Payne routine, isn't he? She shot her sharp a look up at him. That's right. She said warily. All right. Ronnie said, I'll see Jakes. Her deft right hand slipped open a drawer in her desk. You'd better leave your gun here. She said, I've known probationary agents to get excited in my time. He looked at her. And she looked back, her gaze level. Ronnie Bronston shrugged, slipped the Model H from under his armpit, and tossed it into the drawer. Irene Kazanski went back to her work. You know the way, she said. This time Ronnie Bronston pushed open the door to Sid Jakes' office without knocking. The Section G supervisor was pouring over reports on his desk. He looked up and grinned his Sid Jakes grin. Ronnie! He said, Welcome back! You know you're one of the quickest men ever to return from a Tommy Payne assignment. I was talking to Li Chang only a day or so ago. She said you were on your way. Ronnie grunted, his anger growing within him. He lowered himself into one of the room's heavy chairs and glared at the other. Sid Jakes chuckled and leaned back in his chair. Before we go any further, just to check, who is Tommy Payne? Ronnie snapped. You are. The supervisor's eyebrows went up. Ronnie said, You and Rosma Taxa and Li Chang Chu and all the rest of Section G. Section G is Tommy Payne. Good man! Sid Jakes chortled. He flicked a switch on his order-box. Irene, he said, how about clearing me through to the commissioner? I want to take Ronnie in for his finals. Irene snapped back something and Sid Jakes switched off and turned to Ronnie happily. Let's go, he said, Ross is free for a time. Ronnie Bronston said nothing. He followed the other. The rage within him was still mounting. In the months that had elapsed since Ronnie Bronston had seen Rosma Taxa, the latter had not changed at all. His clothing was still sloppy, his eyes bleary with lack of sleep or abundance of alcohol or both. His expression was still sour and skeptical. He looked up at their entry and scowled and made no effort to rise and shake hands. He said to Ronnie, sirely, OK, sound off and get it over with. I haven't too much time this afternoon. Ronnie Bronston was just beginning to feel tentacles of cold doubt, but he suppressed them. The boiling anger was uppermost. He said flatly, All my life I've been a dedicated United Planets man. All my life I've considered its efforts the most praiseworthy and greatest endeavor man has ever attempted. Of course, old chap! Jakes told him cheerfully, We all know that, or you wouldn't ever have been chosen as an agent for Section G. Ronnie looked at him and discussed. I've resigned that position, Jakes. Jakes grinned back at him. To the contrary, you are now in the process of receiving permanent appointment. Ronnie snorted his disgust and turned back to Metaxa. Section G is a secret department of the Bureau of Investigation devoted to subverting Article I of the United Planets Charter. Metaxa nodded. You don't deny it? Metaxa shook his head. Article I, Ronnie snapped, is the basic foundation of the Charter which every member of UP, and particularly every citizen of United Planets, such as ourselves, has sworn to uphold. But the very reason for the existence of this Section G is to interfere with the internal affairs of member planets, to subvert their governments, their economic systems, their religions, their ideals, their very way of life. Metaxa yawned and reached into a desk drawer for his bottle. That's right," he said. Anybody like a drink?" Ronnie ignored him. I'm surprised I didn't catch on even sooner, he said. On New Delos, Moli Hassan, the local agent, knew the God-king was going to be assassinated. He brought in extra agents and even a detail of Space Force's guards for the emergency. He probably engineered the assassination himself. Nope, Jakes said. We seldom go that far. Local rebels did the actual work, but admittedly we knew what they were planning. But—I've got a sneaking suspicion that Moli Hassan provided them with the bomb. That lads a bit too dedicated. But why, Ronnie blurted, that's deliberately interfering with internal affairs. If the word got out, every planet in UP would resign. Probably no planet in the system that needed to change so badly, Metaxa growled. If they were ever going to swing into real progress, that hierarchy of priests had to go, he snorted, an immortal God-king yet. Ronnie pressed on. That was bad enough. But how about this planet mother, where the colonists had attempted to return to nature and live in the manner man did in earliest times? Most backward planet in the UP, Metaxa said soundly. They just had to be roused. And Kropotkin! Ronnie blurted.  Those people were happy there. Their lives were simple, uncomplicated, and they had achieved a happiness that—Metaxa came to his feet. He scowled at Ronnie Bronston and growled, and fortunately the human race can't take the time out for happiness. Come along, I want to show you something. He swung around the corner of his desk and made his way toward a ceiling-high bookcase. Ronnie stared after him, taken off guard, but Sid Jakes was grinning his amusement. Ross Metaxa pushed a concealed button and the bookcase slid away to one side to reveal an elevator beyond. Come along! Metaxa repeated over his shoulder. He entered the elevator, followed by Jakes. There was nothing else to do. Ronnie Bronston followed them, his face still flushed with the angered argument. The elevator dropped, how far Ronnie had no idea. It stopped, and they emerged into a plain, sparsely furnished vault. Against one wall was a box-like affair that reminded Ronnie of nothing so much as a deep freeze. For all practical purposes, that's what it was. Ross Metaxa let him over, and they stared down into its glass-covered interior. Ronnie's eyes bugged. The box contained the partly charred body of an animal approximately the size of a rabbit. No, not an animal. It had obviously once been clothed, and its limbs were obviously those of a tool using life-form. Metaxa and Jakes were staring down at it solemnly, for once no inane grin on the supervisor's face. And that of Ross Metaxa was more weary than ever. Ronnie said finally, What is it? But he knew. You tell us, Metaxa growled sourly. It's an intelligent life-form, Ronnie blurted. Why has it been kept secret? Let's go on back upstairs, Metaxa sighed. Back in his office he said, Now I go into my speech.  He poured himself a drink, not offering one to the other two. Ronnie, he said, Man isn't alone in the galaxy.  In spite of himself, Ronnie reacted in amusement.  As soon as he said it, he realized the ridiculousness of his statement. Metaxa grunted. Obviously, size means nothing. That little fella down there was picked up by one of our space-forces scouts over a century ago. How long he'd been drifting through space we don't know. Possibly only months, but possibly hundreds of centuries. But however long he's proof that man is not alone in the galaxy. And we have no way of knowing when the expanding human race will come up against this other intelligence, and whoever it was fighting. But, Ronnie protested, You're assuming they're aggressive. Perhaps coming in contact with these aliens will be the best thing that ever happened to man. Possibly that little fella down there is the most benevolent creature ever evolved. Metaxa looked at him strangely. Let's hope so, he said. However when found he was in what must have been a one-man scout. He was dead, and his craft was blasted and torn, obviously from some sort of weapons fire. His scout was obviously a military craft, highly equipped with what could only be weapons. Most of them so damaged our engineers haven't been able to figure them out. To the extent they have been able to reconstruct them they're scared silly. Nope, there's no two ways about it. Our little rapid-sized intelligence down in the vault was killed in an interplanetary conflict, and sooner or later, Ronnie, man in his explosion into the stars, is going to run into either or both of the opponents in that conflict. Ronnie Bronston slumped back into his chair, his brain running out a dozen leaves at once. Elsa and Jake's remained quiet, looking at him speculatively. Ronnie said slowly, Then, the purpose of Section G is to push the member planets of UP along the fastest path of progress, to get them ready for the eventual, inevitable meeting. Not just Section G, Metaxa growled, but all of the United Planets' organization, although most of the rank and file don't even know our basic purpose. Section G, we do the dirty work, and are proud to do it, by every method we can devise. Ronnie leaned forward. But look, he said, why not simply inform all member planets of this common danger? They'd all unite in the effort to meet the common potential foe. Anything standing in the way would be brushed aside. Metaxa shook his head, wearily. Would they? Is a common danger enough for man to change his institutions? Particularly those pertaining to property, power and religion? History doesn't show it. Delve back into early times, and you'll recall for an example, that in man's early discovery of nuclear weapons he almost destroyed himself. Three or four different socioeconomic systems coexisted at that time, and all would have preferred destruction rather than changes in their social forms. Jake said in an unwanted quiet tone, no, until someone comes up with a better answer, it looks as though Section G is going to have to continue the job of advancing man's institutions in spite of himself. The Commissioner made it clearer. It's not as though we deal with all our member planets. It isn't necessary. But you see, Ronnie, the best colonists are usually made up of the, well, crackpot element. Those who are satisfied stay at home. America, for instance, was settled by the adventurers, the malcontents, the nonconformists, the religious cultists, and even fugitives and criminals of Europe. So it is in the stars.  In a few centuries they've populated their new planet, and often do very well indeed. But often not, and a nudge, a push, from Section G, can start them up another rung or so of the latter of social evolution. Most of them don't want the push. Few cultures, if any, realize they are mortal. Like Hitler's Rife, they expect to last at least a thousand years. They resist any change, even change for the better. Ronnie's defenses were crumbling, but he threw one last punch. How do you know that changes you make are for the better? Metaxas shrugged, heavy shoulders. It's sometimes difficult to decide, but we aim for changes that will mean an increased scientific progress, a more advanced industrial technology, more and better education, the opening of opportunity for every member of the culture to exert himself to the full of his abilities. The last is particularly important. Too many cultures, even those that think of themselves as particularly advanced, suppress the individual by one means or another. Ronnie was still mentally reeling with the magnitude of it all. But how can you account for the fact that these alien intelligences haven't already come in contact with us? Metaxas shrugged again. The solar system, our sun, is way out in a sparsely populated spiral arm of our galaxy. Undoubtedly these others are further in toward the center. We have no way of knowing how far away they are, or how many sun systems they dominate, or even how many other empires of intelligent life forms there are. All we know is that there are other intelligences in the galaxy, that they are near enough like us to live on the same type planets. The more opportunity man has to develop before the initial contact takes place, the stronger bargaining position or military position as the case may be he'll be in. Sid Jake summed up the Tommy Payne business for Ronnie's sake. We need capable agents badly, but we need dedicated and efficient ones. We can't afford anything less. So when we come upon potential Section G operatives we sent them out with a trusted Tog to get a picture of these United Planets of ours. It's the quickest method of indoctrination we've hit upon. The agent literally teaches himself by observation and participation. Usually it takes four or five stops on this planet and that before the probationary agent begins sympathizing with the efforts of this elusive Tommy Payne. Especially since every Section G agent he runs into, including the Tog, of course, fills him full of stories of Tommy Payne's activities. You were one of the quickest to stumble on the true nature of our Section G. After calling it only three planets you saw that we ourselves are Tommy Payne. But... But what's the end? Ronnie said plaintively. You say our job is advancing man even in spite of himself when it comes to that. We start at the bottom of the evolutionary ladder in a condition of savagery, clan, communism and government, simple animism and religion, and slowly we progress through barbarism to civilization, through paganism to the higher ethical codes, through chattel slavery and then feudalism and beyond. What is the final end?  Metaxa was shaking his head again. He poured himself another drink, offered the bottle this time to the others. We don't know, he said wearily. Perhaps there is none. Perhaps there is always another rung on this evolutionary ladder. He punched in his order box and said, Irene, have him do up a silver badge for Ronnie. Ronnie Bronston took a deep breath and reached for the brown bottle. Well, he said, I suppose I'm ready to ask for my first assignment. He thought for a moment. By the way, if there's any way to swing it, I wouldn't mind working with supervisor Li Chang-Chu. End of Part XIII. End of Ultimate Fool by Mac Reynolds.


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In the previous video of lecture 30, I had made an allegory that finite fields are two rings like finite cyclic groups are two group theory, okay? And I can actually solidify that analog in this theorem right here. Suppose we have a field, okay? And suppose, since f is a field, that means the non-zero elements of that field form a group, okay? If G is a finite subgroup of the group of units of a field, then I claim that G is actually a cyclic group, which necessarily is a finite cyclic group because we're assuming that G is a finite subgroup. This is an important example for finite fields because if f is a finite field, then f star is a finite group, and therefore every subgroup of f star, including f star itself, is a finite subgroup. So for finite fields, the group of units is in fact cyclic. So when you look at a finite field multiplicatively, it's basically just a cyclic group plus this zero element, all right? Of course, additively, it's an elementary beelding group. And so it's kind of interesting how you glue those things together. You take an elementary beelding group with respect to addition, you take a finite cyclic group multiplicatively plus a zero, you make a field, and that's every finite field. But we're going to prove a slightly general argument. So f could be an infinite field, but if you take a finite subgroup of the group of units, that finite subgroup has to be cyclic, okay? So since f is finite, it has some finite cardinality called the order of that thing in.  So G is a finite abelian group. So therefore the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups applies to G here. And for which case we can factor G into a product of cyclic groups. Now if G is itself not cyclic, that means it has a non-trivial exponent. We know by Lagrange's theorem, if you take any element of your group, alpha, and you raise it to the order of the group, so alpha raised to n, you're going to get back one. That's, again, a consequence of Lagrange's theorem.  The exponent is the smallest number, the smallest positive integer m, such that if you raise any element in the finite abelian group to m, you get back one. Now if you take something like the Klein-4 group, z cross, z2 cross z2, sure the order of the group is equal to four, but its exponent is equal to two. If you square any element in the Klein-4 group, you're going to get back the identity. And so if you have a finite abelian group which is not cyclic, then its exponent will be strictly smaller than the order. So if it's not cyclic, we're going to get that its exponent m is strictly less than its order n. So I want you to consider the polynomial x to the m minus one, which then can be viewed as a polynomial over this field. I mean, it only uses the coefficients one and negative one. That really has nothing to do with any specific field, because every field has that. Now if you take your element alpha and plug it into this polynomial, you're going to get alpha to the m minus one, but by observation since m is the exponent of this group, you're going to get alpha to the m is equal to one, one minus one is equal to zero. So alpha, which belongs to g, is a root of this polynomial. But since, and this is true for every element of g, but since m is less than n, that means this polynomial has more roots than its degree, which is a contradiction. That then shows that the exponent and the order of the finite group must be equal, which then forces it to be cyclic, and therefore that proves our theorem g is cyclic.  It's just so cool how those two seemingly unrelated elements come together for such an elegant, elegant proof right here. So yes, for a finite field, the unit group of that field is necessarily going to be cyclic. So for finite fields, we really are interested in this situation because since the whole set f star is cyclic as a multiplicative group, that means it has a generator. In fact, it has multiple generators. That is, there exists some nonzero element of f such that every nonzero element of f can be expressed as an exponent, as a power of that element called alpha or something like that, right? Such a thing is called a primitive root. And there's an analog for this, of course, in number theory, because in number theory, we're very much interested in the ring zp, where p is, of course, a prime in that situation. In which case, number theory talks about the primitive root. It's just a nonzero element such that every other nonzero element is a power of that element. We call it a primitive root, okay? Number theory is really just a special case. Elementary number theory in that regard with primitive roots is just a special case of what we're talking about right now. Zp is a finite field. This is true for every finite field, including zp as well. They have primitive roots. Now, of course, in number theory, we also talk about the ring zp to the k. They also have primitive roots. This shows a skew to what we're talking about right now, because this is not a field, because it does contain no potent elements, which in a field, the only no potent element is zero. But in particular, for a finite field, every finite field has a primitive root. Let's call that element alpha, okay? If you take fp, a joint alpha, this primitive root, that gives you f, because every element of f, other than zero, is a power of alpha. Subsequently, we can produce every element just by taking powers of alpha right here. We really can. And so for finite fields, every finite field is a simple extension of the prime field fp. Remember, a simple extension is you would join one element to a field, and you get a bigger field, okay? So every finite field is a simple extension of the base field. We will see a similar result for fields of characteristics zero and such, but that one's a lot more complicated. For finite fields, it's just so much simpler. Finite fields are just so well-behaved. Let's do an example of this. Consider the field Z2. So we're just going to work mod 2 here, binary coefficients zero and one. And take the degree 4 polynomial 1 plus x plus x to the fourth. I claim that this polynomial is irreducible. Now, if it has a root, then it has a linear factor. Let's show it has no roots. If you plug in zero, you end up with one. If you plug in one, you end up with one as well. So this polynomial has no linear factors because it has no roots. But it is a degree 4 polynomial. It could factor into quadratic terms. Could that be possible? Well, over Z2, we proved this in a previous video when we talked about the field of order 4. There's only one polynomial that's degree 2 that's irreducible over Z2, and that's exactly x squared plus x plus 1. So as there's no linear factors 2f, if it factors at all, it has to factor into two quadratics, but there's only one irreducible quadratic. So it's got to be x squared plus x plus 1 quantity squared. But if you actually take x squared plus x plus 1 squared and you factor it mod 2, you're going to see the following. First of all, since you're squaring it and we're working mod 2, we can do freshman exponentiation. The exponent 2 distributes over rings of characteristic 2. So x squared plus x plus 1 squared is the same thing as x squared squared plus x squared plus 1, which that gives us x squared, excuse me, x to the fourth plus x squared plus 1, which is not the same thing as 1 plus x plus x to the fourth, all right? And therefore, this is not the same polynomial. And therefore, that's exhausted every possibility. I mean, because we're over a finite field, there's only a finite number of factorizations one can do for f. We've exhausted all of them. So f has to be irreducible in that situation. So since this is an irreducible polynomial, we can take a root of this polynomial, call it alpha, and we can join it to z2. That will then give us the field of order, excuse me, 2 to the fourth. That is, this would then give us the field of order 16. So f2, I'll put it as z2 here. As z2 joined this element alpha, this then gives us f16. Now, the important thing we should know about alpha here is it's the root of this polynomial. So we get that alpha to the fourth plus alpha plus 1 is equal to 0. Moving alpha 1 to the other side, we get alpha to the fourth equals alpha plus 1, although this is negative, but working mod 2, negative doesn't mean anything. So you get alpha to the fourth is equal to alpha plus 1. This will help us with our reductions here. So be aware that f16 as a vector space is just the same thing as z2 to the fourth. So we could think of everything as just a binary column vector with four entries. So we have two options. We have two options for the first one, two options for the second, two options for the third, two options for the fourth. We can make that identification in that situation. Although we're not going to think of it that way, we're going to think of instead, not as a coordinate vector, but we think of it more as we have something here, some constant coefficient, then a1 alpha plus a2 alpha squared plus some a3 alpha cubed, like so. Because once you get up to alpha to the fourth, you can reduce it based upon this algebraic relationship on alpha. So we never need a linear combination with a higher power of alpha than alpha cubed. But also by our previous result, I should mention that the group of units for f16 is in fact z15. So this is a cyclic group of order 15. So that means every non-zero element inside of this ring should be written as a power of alpha. And so what we're going to do is go through every single one of them. There are 15 of them, but it's really not that exhaustive. It's exhaustive, but it's not exhausting. Clearly alpha to the first gives us alpha. Alpha squared gives us alpha squared, alpha cubed gives us alpha cubed. Because remember, our goal is to write everything as a linear combination of 1 alpha, alpha squared, alpha cubed. That is we want to write everything as a linear combination of the first four powers of alpha. So because of our relationship, alpha to the fourth is equal to 1 plus alpha. That gives us the first one. Now alpha to the fifth is the same thing as alpha times alpha to the fourth. Alpha to the fourth is 1 plus alpha.  That gives us alpha to the fifth. And we work through this recursively, right? Alpha to the fifth, excuse me, alpha to the sixth is alpha times alpha to the fifth. So we times this by alpha. We're going to get alpha squared plus alpha cubed. Then when we do alpha to the seventh, this is going to equal alpha times alpha squared plus alpha cubed. This is going to give you alpha cubed plus alpha to the fourth. We then reduce the alpha to the fourth as 1 plus alpha.  So we do that again, right? For alpha to the eighth, we take the previous line. We times that by alpha.  Alpha to the fourth is the same thing as 1 plus alpha. The alpha is canceled because we're working mod 2 and we're left with 1 plus alpha squared. Alpha to the ninth, we times the top by alpha. We get alpha plus alpha cubed, no reduction there. If you times this one by alpha, you'll get alpha to the tenth. Alpha is then going to become alpha squared. Alpha cubed will come in alpha to the fourth, which gives us 1 plus alpha. Alpha to the eleventh is formed by taking alpha to the tenth and times it by alpha. So you're going to get one becomes alpha. Alpha becomes alpha squared. Alpha squared becomes alpha cubed, no reduction necessary there. Alpha to the twelfth times everything above by alpha. You're going to get alpha squared, alpha cubed. Then you'll get an alpha to the fourth, which comes 1 plus alpha.  Then if you take this times alpha to the twelfth by alpha, that gives you alpha to the thirteenth. The above line, if we times it by alpha, we're going to end up with alpha plus alpha squared plus alpha cubed plus alpha to the fourth. Alpha to the fourth becomes 1 plus alpha. So the alphas cancel. We're left with 1 plus alpha squared plus alpha cubed. We're almost there. Let's see, alpha to the thirteenth. If you times it by alpha, we'll give us alpha to the fourteenth. Take this times it by alpha. You get alpha plus alpha cubed plus alpha to the fourth, which is 1 plus alpha. The alphas cancel. You get 1 plus alpha cubed. And then if we do this one more time, because we claim we're at the end, alpha to the fourteenth times alpha to alpha to the fifteenth, then we claim that alpha was a primitive root here. It should be 1 here. If we do that, you're going to get 1 plus alpha to the cube times that by alpha. You're going to get alpha plus alpha to the fourth. Alpha to the fourth is 1 plus alpha. The alphas cancel. We get back 1. And so when you look at this list, we get 15 different elements. The only thing who's missing, of course, is 0, but we throw that into the field there. We get 15 different elements. There was no repetition. And exactly at the fifteenth moment, this thing repeats itself. And so we do see that alpha, in fact, is this primitive root for the field f16 that we observed right here. And this can be done for essentially every finite field. Clearly, the exact calculations will differ, but this is one of the cool things about finite fields. Multiplicatively, they are cyclic. They always have these primitive roots. One element will rule them all and end the darkness by them.


Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to a new Zor education. This is the last lecture in the mini-series about what values trigonometric functions, in this case it's cosecant, take for all the basic angles. Now, basic angles are those where we can calculate basically the value of trigonometric functions using some algebra and some theorems of geometry. It's all based on two main angles, like 30 degrees and 45 degrees in the right triangle. Everything else is basically derived from this. Let me just remind you very quickly that if you have an angle of 30 degrees or pi over 6, if you wish, in radians, then the opposite calculus is equal to half of the hypotenuse. Very easy to prove, just construct the triangle symmetrical like this. You will have 60 degrees, 60 and 60, so it's equilateral triangle, which means that this side is equal to this side and this is double the calculus. So if this is one, this is one-half. Now, if this is one-half, then we can very easily calculate the second calculus, which is by Pythagorean theorem x squared plus one-half squared is equal to one squared, right? x squared plus one-half squared equals to one squared, which means x squared is equal to 3 quarters and x is equal to square root of 3 over 2. So let's just put it in, square root of 3 over 2. I never remember anything like this. I always remember just one-half everything else can be derived using the Pythagorean theorem. And another example I was saying about the angle of 45 degrees also very easily calculated. If this is 45 degrees, this is also 45 degrees. So this is one and this is x and this is x, so x squared plus x squared is equal to one. x squared is equal to one-half and x is equal to one over square root of 2, which is square root of 2 over 2. So let's just remember this. We didn't really memorize it, we derived it. That's always my preferable way of doing things. Now, knowing that all other angles which are kind of related to this like 120 degrees or 270 degrees, 150 degrees, whatever else, or negative 120 degrees, all these angles, which we also call basic, are very much related to these ones. And I will calculate the value of cosecant for all the angles just based on whatever I have here and certain considerations of symmetry I have introduced when I talked about basic angles. So we go back to our unit circle. Let's mark our angles like this. This is 30 degrees, this is 45, this is 60. Now, why do they put 60? Well, for obvious reasons. If that is 30, then this is 60. So it's all easy to calculate. Drop down the perpendicular. Now, this is a unit circle which means the k-potanus in each of these three right triangles is always equal to 1. Now, the smallest cactus, now if this is 60, then this is 30. So this is 1 half. Let me put it here. This is 1 half. This is square root of 2 over 2 and this is square root of 3 over 2. So the coordinate of this point is, this is 30 degrees. You don't need this anymore, which is pi over 6. And the coordinates of this point are square root of 3 over 2 comma 1 half. Because the coordinate is equal to this is 30 degrees. This is 45 and this is 60. So, the coordinate is k-potanus. Now, this is 45 degrees, which is pi over 4. And the coordinates are square root of 2 over 2, square root of 2 over 2. Both cadets are equal to each other. Finally, 60 degrees. Now, the abscissa is 5 over 3. This is 1 half and the coordinate is square root of 3 over 2. So you know about this. Now, what is a cosecant? A cosecant is 1 over cosine, 1 over sine. Yeah, 1 over sine. A cosecant is 1 over sine. So, what is the sine? What is the coordinate in the unit circle? For each angle, I get this point, which makes this angle from the positive direction of the x counterclockwise. So, this is 30 degrees, 45 and 60. So, if I will take an coordinate, which is 1 half, in this case, square root of 2 over 2 and square root of 3 over 2. If I will invert it, like in this case it would be 2, in this case it would be 2 over square root of 2, which is square root of 2. And in this case it would be 2 over square root of 3, which is 2 square root of 3 over 3. So, these are cosecants of these angles. But we already spoke about that before. Now, we are talking about other angles, which are outside of the first quadrant on the coordinate plane. Okay, so I have a list of all these angles. So, let's just do it one by one. It would be easy for me if I would do this. These are my angles. Okay, the angle number one is this one. It's 120 degree, which is 2 pi over 3. Now, 120 degree, and this is 60 degree. Look at this, 90 plus 30, 90 minus 30. So, these two angles are completely symmetrical relatively to the y-axis. Now, if these angles are symmetrical, I've proved in the lecture about basic angles that these two points are also symmetrical, which means they are on the same perpendicular to the y-axis. And their x-coordinates, abscissas, are opposite in sign, but the same in absolute value. That's what makes these symmetrical. So, these are two equal congruent actually segments, and this is one perpendicular. They share the perpendicular to the y-axis. Okay, now, if that's true, then what's the co-ordinate at this point? Well, again, the coordinate is retained, which is this one, but abscissa is opposite in sign, so it's this. So, what's the value of cosecant, which is 1 over sine? Sine is an originate. Originate is retained. So, it's 2 over square root of 3 or 2 square root of 3 divided by 3. That's my cosecant. Next, this is 135 degrees or 3 pi over 4. Now, coordinates of this are this point is obviously symmetrical to this one. 135 is 90 plus 45. 45 is 90 minus 45. So, these points are symmetrical, which means my coordinates are the same, my abscissa is changing the sign. So, it's minus square root of 2 over 2, square root of 2 over 2. So, my cosecant, which is 1 over sine, which is 1 over the originate, 2 over square root of 2, which is square root of 2. Next is 150 degrees, which is 5 pi over 6. Symmetry is obviously with this point, because this is 90 minus 60 and this is 90 plus 60. So, I retain my originate, I change the sign of abscissa, so it's minus square root of 3 over 2, 1 half. And what's the cosecant, which is 1 over sine, which is 1 over originate, which is 2. Next is pi. Pi has coordinates minus 1, 0. And the cosecant is obviously undefined, because we cannot divide by 0. So, the cosecant doesn't exist for a 180 degree or pi angle. Next. Next we go this direction. Just for fun, you can go forward and increasing the angle, or you can go in the opposite and negative direction and basically come to the same point, this or this or any other, using the negative. So, I choose just for diversity to use negative angle. So, this is minus 30 degrees or minus pi over 6. And obvious symmetry is with plus pi over 6, right? These two angles are symmetrical relative to the horizontal axis, which means they are projecting into the same, which is abscissa, which is square root of 3 over 2, but their ordinates are opposite in sine but equal in absolute value. So, in this case, it would be minus 1 half. Now, what would be then the cosecant of this particular angle? Well, if sine is minus 1 half, cosecant is reverse, so it would be minus 2. Okay, next. Next is minus 45 degrees or minus pi over 4. Symmetry is with this point, plus 45. So, I'm retaining abscissa, which is square root of 2 over 2. I'm changing the sine of the ordinate and my cosecant would be minus 2 over square root of 2, which is minus square root of 2. Next is minus 60 degrees, which is minus pi over 3. The coordinates are symmetrical with this point, plus 60. So, I retained the ordinate, but I changed the sine... Sorry, I retained the abscissa, I changed the sine of the ordinate. So, it's 1 half minus square root of 3 over 2. So, I'm interested in the ordinate. Inverting this would be minus 2 over square root of 3, multiplied by square root of 3. So, it's minus 2 square root of 3 divided by 3. Minus pi over 2, minus 90 degrees. The coordinate of this point is immediately 0 minus 1. So, knowing coordinates, I can invert my ordinate and that would be my invert of a sine. That's my cosine, which is equal to minus 5. Next is this, which is minus 120 degrees, which is minus pi over 3. Coordinates are obviously symmetrical with this guy. So, I retained my abscissa, my ordinate gets changed. That's coordinates. And therefore, my cosecant is minus 2 square root of 3 over 3. This is minus 135 degrees, which is minus 3 pi over 4. My symmetry is with this guy, which is minus square root of 2 over 2. I changed the sine of the ordinate, which is also minus square root of 2 over 2. And my sine will be minus square root of 2. Inverse, this one. Next is this, which is minus 150 degrees, which is minus 5 pi over 6. Symmetrical to this point, minus square root of 3 over 2 minus 1 half. I inverted the ordinate. So, my cosecant is invert of minus 1 half, which is minus 2. And finally, I've got to this point, which is minus pi, which is the same as plus pi. And the coordinates are minus 1, 0, so you cannot divide by 0, so it's undefined. So, these are the values of cosecant for all the different basic angles. Again, I started from the very basic angles, which are from 0 to 90, like 30 and 45 basically, then derived for 60, and then used symmetry to derive for anything else. I do suggest you to go back to unizord.com, go to the notes of this lecture, where all these examples are written, and there are answers, I think, as well. So, try to do exactly like what I just did yourself, and check if you have the same answers. It really helps you to basically better understand how all these manipulations are done, and it will be almost like automatically for you. That's what I do suggest. That's it for today, and this is the end of this mini-series of lectures about what are the various of different trigonometric functions for different basic angles, not only within the first quadrant, but in all four quadrants of the coordinate plane. Thank you very much, and good luck.


Welkom back. This is SPM Bars. My good name is Selba Kedav. I'm being joined by a legendary artist, one of the pioneers of the Kenyan music entertainment and industry. I'm talking to one and only Jatelo himself. Bekwen. Eroka manu? Eroka manu. Ebu di kuze, anti mabel. Ikwe. Apu nime kuwa? Ikwe. Apu sasa umenda upside. Umenda upside. Umenda upside. But nikuwasawa kabisa. Sinaneno. Sinaneno. Good to see you now. Share with me your experience about the party and the after party. Oh my god. I don't even know where to start from. I don't even know where to start from. It's amazing. Like I don't even know where to start from. It's amazing. It's just experience. Just being part of this set. Just seeing the growth industry grow, unity, certain connection, energy, good music, good vibes. Such a good feeling. So from my experience right now, tumikuwapa for four hours. Benzol, I'm from a set for four hours. You know this is a different set. This is kind of a different vibe. Kwa sasa me kapa, sasa na enjoy every set. Sasa na enjoy the music. Sasa na set the band. Niku dey energy. Niku privilege kuwapa. Na niku so happy kuwa. Now that Zilev tu piya kukamia zah bit alia. Piya sasa inna transcend to a different level. To a different space. To a different energy. Now to nene embrace sasa. Now we all talk about Kenyan music. Saitu kukweyo space. Sasa sasa. I feel to go to Naeh towards the right direction tunnel. Maybe you can tell me. I know you have so many reasons why it decided to come here. Mikiwa kuwaiti nakuwa kwenikuwa usíll Gotubu na pakeinuwa, escoli hwa nihiwa kwa munikusimifi kuwa nga. Tudu na dunisha kwa kufa. Nikiwa iwi mikiwa na matika jaga kastu na lamu mekwa kwa kwa kwa wakanda mati wa nukendu na kuchunia Mikiwa nakuwa kwa kutupi tu mupedılı kwa kutupi tuli, hwa nihiwa muzikia kwa nikuwa kutupi tu mubedulua na. Kutupi nihiwa mikiwa mimii kufu kutupi tu mubedulu nihiwa kwa mikiwa mikiwa kutupi tu mubedulu na wana filaji, na wana dunini, wana getendi o since I want to start now writing new music na kwenge back in the industry na takatu kwa na kama, I mean sound kwa aje size watu na filaji, energy kwa aje biya wina so you understand niko maybe from today's event where do you see the Kenyan music industry going? man we are in the right direction na from this kind of space na for the past one year na hape na new music na wana filaji, na head in the right direction na feel kuna good vibe na na feel thank you so much for speaking to us something you're cooking? something you're cooking, yes, I'm trying to cook something so I'm cooking something I'm trying to work on a project probably this year so definitely I'm cooking thank you so much God bless


The reason that social media has become so popular, so ubiquitous in our society, is because it is tapped into something so perfectly about our psychology. But is that always good? Let's find out. The answer is no, but to get into it, now everyone nowadays is complaining about social media. Especially people who use it all the time. This vexes me, but we'll talk about that in a second. But let's be clear about social media. Social media, whatever its intentions originally were, is a machine for programming you. Nowadays people talk about NPCs. A lot of NPCs out there. NPCs, they don't just come from network news, they come from social media. Now there's one term you need to learn, and that is the concept of upcomies. What is an upcomie? It is a like. It is a share. It is a subscribe. It is a retweet. It is whatever you get on these sites. And this is the most powerful thing in the world, because it taps in, as I said, to something very deep about your psychology. Now in real life, when you are with friends, you're talking, there's a sense in which you are always assessing what people think about what you say. Now this isn't necessarily bad, but you're always saying, okay, did this person like this joke? Was this person, how does this person feel about that? Stuff like that. This is a natural part of life. And it's something we do every day. We think about what our friends think, we think about how other people think.   That's how it is. Your friends' opinions are not everything. But social media, it taps into this social acceptance framework. And it does something very pernicious. It makes liking and disliking things official. You can now get an official upcoming if someone likes your content or shares your content. And now it is measurable.  Maybe I missed something. Maybe I need to adjust what I'm doing.  You subtly think that. You don't say, maybe I should have, you don't in your brain say, well, maybe I should think what they think, so I will be more popular. There's a sense in which you are being programmed by the like function. And you're literally a kind of Pavlovian dog. You salivate to upcomies. When you get those upcomies, even if you're not overtly thinking about it, you are gradually becoming more similar to your friends. This isn't like in real life because everything is official. It is objective and measurable in the form of likes and shares and stuff like this. Now, if you want to see this compared, like how big a difference this makes, you can actually look at different site cultures. Now, most websites nowadays are upcoming based. Now, one out there is Reddit. So you upvote people. If they say things you like, you downvote them if they say things you don't like. And then if you're really popular, you'll get to the front page. That's a big deal on Reddit. Now, another site that often gets compared with Reddit is 4chan. 4chan works very differently. It is one of the few sites on the internet that is not upcoming based. On 4chan, the post that shows up on the front page is just whatever the most recent post is.  So the site culture of 4chan infamously is based on counter signaling. It's based on creating arguments and trolling and stuff like this. This is the site culture of 4chan. And it's based on the fact that threads show up based on reply time. Now, every other site, like Reddit, like Twitter, like Facebook, a lot. Well, you know, some things are time-based, but the more upcoming you get, the more likely you are to get a larger and larger and larger audience. You're going to feel good about that post in a way that you can't feel good about a post on 4chan, especially because it's anonymous anyway. So that's what happens. And again, site culture is a function of this functionality. And in a world where every site is now consensus-based, more and more people are being programmed. They are becoming NPCs. They're becoming people who they might not be overtly thinking, oh, I have to believe what everyone else is believing. But they get constant incentives slowly moving them to a kind of bell curve, kind of political belief or social belief or just personal disposition, sense of humor. Everything is becoming normalized. People are becoming identical. They are no longer individuals. And frankly, they're boring. As someone who has never really used social media, it is very easy to tell who has versus has never used social media. It is like night and day. The people who use it, the people who are addicted to it, even though they know that they hate it and they feel like they want to get away with it, get away from it, they're just, I don't want to say they're all boring, but there's a tendency to be more boring, more consensus-driven. Now the funny thing about this, two more points. I want to talk about social media manipulation. I'll talk about that in a second. But before that, I want to talk about a weird kind of comment that I get. I get people sending me emails or comments saying, I'm on social media, but I want to quit. I can't do it. I'm addicted to social media. And this is very interesting. I mean, I've always found this very interesting because, you know, my perspective is you could just quit, just walk away from the screen. You know what I mean? But I understand one thing that's very annoying about social media is that it makes you feel like you need it because you are getting a constant trickle of dopamine, even if you're not getting a lot of upcomies, you're getting a constant trickle of dopamine, of pleasure.  You know, a man made a lawnmower, made out of crocodile skin. Wow, that's so interesting. You know, you find these things that make you feel like you're learning something. Like, you feel like you're investing your time well.  And, you know, as for how to overcome that addiction, aside from forcing yourself to do it, I, to be honest, do not know, other than just replace it with getting out in the real world. That's all I can say. But I will admit that is a thing. And it's really one of the reasons why people use these sites.  They just get this constant state of, I feel okay when I'm going through my feed. And if you feel that, you should not panic, but sort of, you know, jolt yourself out of it. Because that is the most dangerous. It's not having a bunch of fun on social media that draws people to it.  That is the most pernicious part. Now, as I mentioned before, there's one other aspect that people are talking about recently. And that is social media manipulation. That is, this was something that was going to happen inevitably. But it now happens quite openly and overtly. Now, what I mean by that is there are a lot of these people who run social media sites, who now run them for their own social, political, financial interests. And they do it quite overtly nowadays. Now, back in the day, let me give you an example from a non-social media site. I used to use this odious site 10 years ago. I'm embarrassed to say this. I used to use this odious site, Google News. Terrible site. And it's a terrible site because it does allow some customization of it. For example, if I want to learn about India, if I want to see news articles from India, I can select the topic India and I can create a news feed that has that and all the other topics I want. But there's one thing I can't change. And that is at the very top of Google News, the Google News feed, there's one thing everyone has to have. And that is the Google, I forget what they call it. It's either trending or like Google's picks for news. That's basically it. That is at the very top, there have to be three or four articles that are just the topics that Google wants you to see. Not just topics, but the particular editorial stances that Google wants you to see. And their objective there is to prime your... They're not telling you Orange Man bad or something. They're not telling you what to think. Their objective is to program you or prime your brain with something to process everything else you see that day. That is supposed to be the background radiation to everything else. Now this happens the same way in sites like Twitter now. For example, on Twitter, if you go to trending topics or if you go to hashtags, pretty much the first thing that comes up is not some post on Twitter, but a particular news article. I think sometimes they're chosen algorithmically by some kind of algorithm or something. But a lot of times it is simply a news article that Twitter has approved. They have said, okay, this is the editorial stance that we want out there. And this is so dangerous. Again, they're not saying believe this or believe that or Orange Man bad or anything. They're just priming your brain. They're putting out a news article title. And mind you, every single news article title is propaganda. Most people just read the title. And you can put in a title that is technically false but you can get away with it a whole lot of times.  If you read the article, it's a little more complex. You can get away with that kind of slimy stuff if you're a journalist, because these people can get away with any kind of slimy stuff. Because, well anyway, so you can do this kind of stuff and Twitter will end up manipulating what you think without even telling you overtly what to believe. And even if you're someone who sees that kind of stuff and says, oh, it's all propaganda. It's all garbage. I don't care.  Even if you're one of those kind of people, even the things you say, once you see that article, your responses are going to be calibrated to that. It is still priming your brain. You are still responding to it.  And, you know, I'm putting this in political terms, but even aside from political terms, just pretty much anything is going to be manipulated. I mean, the political arena is a high stakes area, but this is true in really any other kind of area as well. That is, these social media sites will manipulate you to push you to products they like. If you go to Amazon, basically all the Amazon pics or things that they have special relationships with, everything is manipulated. Now, I think that's about it. Now, I think everyone, again, hates social media. If you're using it, just stop using it. It's easy. I'll tell you, the water is fine away from social media. I've survived so long without it, and you're doing the world of service by leaving this stuff. The less people we have reliant on it, the better we will be. So I encourage you to quit it right now. Just stop using it. You don't need the upcomies. Real life has upcomies. You can get all the upcomies you want in real life. It is much more real. It is much more enjoyable. See, I'm just having fun out here in the forest with my think pad on my back. Anyway, so I'll see you guys next time. You can give this video, ironically, an upcomie if you want, but I don't think likes actually matter on YouTube, but at least I don't pay attention to them. So that's about it, and I will see you guys next time.


What you need? My next run Ene got so exo and I'm here with my girl Naila and we are making a collab video This is for you people We're all so drunk First semester, not the year It was just first semester of my junior year Why was that the hardest for you cuz I was living the farthest away from all of my friends in a burrow that none of my friends lived in and I was overstressed with I was on eboard for my sorority I was on eboard for RHA the residence hall association on campus. I had like two different jobs. I Was so stressed my grades Like I literally My first semester Was really like first year like first year was the hardest for me Because I was getting used to like living on my own because it was my first time like living away from home Okay, and yeah, I'm from Michigan. So New York City is like far. Yeah, like I was in a relationship So I was focusing on this boy and not focusing on me myself and I I was like a struggle but overall it's like that thing except East University or like Subpar no It was easy breezy beautiful cover girl for me. I don't know. I don't even know it in your school There's a career services something career center or whatever. I've never used it in my entire Never offices I Didn't have a really cool internship with you 100 We're I did do social media for them for a semester.  This isn't about you? I just found it on the career services website and it just you applied. Yeah, and that was it So really a piece we're looking for a job an internship. Yo, you gotta hustle. You gotta do it yourself Networking it's about who you know. Yeah, I got my internship from one of my RAs. She just like passed it to me She was like, hey, you want this? I was like, yeah Yeah, it's so yeah, so I guess it kind of goes for New York City in general I mean, I feel probably like other like more suburban colleges. They're probably a little bit more helpful But New York City is so competitive. You know, it's actually funny. I hear from like Lubin students That's the school of business and we're both in Dyson, which is like arts and sciences Lubin gets a little more help from career services They're a little more business oriented. They'll be like, all right, put on your seat Go to the career fair whereas Dyson as art students. They're just like, good luck. I joined a sorority Literally second semester, like I wasted no time Um, and you would think like I'm probably looking at me right now that I'm not really the sorority type But my sorority was what man? Like I had probably I think one of the best experiences Because I had access to everything.  All right When you live in New York City and you live on campus in New York City, like someone has a dorm Someone has an apartment and that's where we do our parties. Our mixers are planning all of our stuff goes into there And then we utilize the entire city as art like so we throw a party We find a cool bar to throw it at and nobody has to like worry about someone driving take the train So it's a little I feel like it's a little bit safer than traditional campuses Just like that's like just like this much, but also it's in New York City. So I think yeah So I feel like peace University doesn't really have a community though So I feel like most of my friends that I've met like don't go to peace University like a lot Like Greenwich Village and stuff very college either so like there's like college bars We're like the NYU kids go the brute kids go the broken college kids go So yeah Oh my god, so my burger pie oh my god TV I think college is worth the debt regardless But I do think I got the most out of my college career like I can genuinely say that I Learned a lot. I met a lot of great people, you know, I got an internship I even got like just like my host's job from my sorority sisters I I just feel like I did enough to justify my Yeah, I mean I honestly couldn't even imagine because being in the city like Itself forces you to mature so much and like being in college. You're already gonna mature so much I feel like I'm quite dribbled the adults Because I went to school in New York City I'm worn out I like I can't say I regret anything that like it was literally the best for years No, Regrets Not even one Career you want to meet people and stuff business entertainment. Yeah, this is the campus communications Population anything everything's here. You can get it like you can get a job anywhere And I got a job straight out of college. So I was like really lucky to do that It doesn't I think that 60% of our graduating class had offers. Yeah, most I most of my friends I know either had offers, you know, at least an interviews, you know set up and a lot of people got hired Just right on the spot to after college. So yeah, so I mean if you want to know if you get a job Name's Nika make sure you click that subscribe button and check out more of my videos Also, check out Nila Hit that subscribe button on my channel too though. Yeah, we're doing a drunk Q&A in her channel So you guys should go ahead and click that button Probably up here down here around there's a link somewhere definitely in the DB though. So we'll see you guys next time. Thanks for watching