It sounds like a campaign. I'm running for office. Maybe the swine killing Person thingy. I have no idea what I'm saying right now.  We are going in the warrens. So holy water probably probably a single bottle would be good Probably might as well not use it and I'm going to buy more food because this is a medium-length Adventure and I like to be prepared in case this takes me a while My first attempts at summoning were crude and the results disappointing I soon found however that the type and condition of the hosts meet was a critical factor The best results came from pigs whose flesh is most like that of man Well, that's not at all too creepy a Nameless abomination a testament to my failures. It must be destroyed Should I check the This one first. Yeah, let's go. I'd hate to realize that it's this close to me and I Ignore it for no good reason whatsoever. Oh another torch. How lovely how great In radiance may we find victory? Well, have you seen the little piggy? It's not so little at all actually Oh Vladigas the first turn very well then we shall try to Stun well we can't so we're going to instead try and hit The filthy corpse eater and that's I'm somehow managed to do I think next up We're going to grab a bite out of these delightful worms and of course chop chop Continually onslaught good job destroy them all That's what I am going to do. Yeah So probably the Single biggest problem of this composition is that I don't really have anything that hard hitting against Their backliners.  Was that not what he used? to heal Blight Oh, I got a killer of strike Remind yourself that overconfidence is a slow and insidious killer.   Yes. Yes. I do believe I do Excellent, let's get that buff rolling. This is going to get Me a bit stressed out. I am willing to bet But not to worry soon enough Oh That bleed effect too weak to finish her off, which makes me Greatly exacerbated. Hey, let's not to worry about a little piggy. It's that so far I think my Dungeon crawl is not going too bad not too great either, but I'm somehow going to have to survive that I Hate the big guy's bleeding for Exactly one point of damage every turn which means that in 60 turns or so. We are going to be fine. I Kid, of course It's obvious that the bleed effect is going to stick around for only two more turns What a nice crit Yes. Yes. He is A death. I do job vessel bloody Let's see what our hellings are able to do in terms of damage Little dog is making The bleeding effect better and better all the time And that makes me happy almost strangely happy. Let's see. Shall we heal the entire party? What a nice heal I honestly expected worse But bloody today doesn't seem to disappoint and that That makes me happy in oh so many ways. I am managing to do a lot right now Of course, that's that's a bit annoying, but at least he didn't manage to stun any of us Yeah, let's get another party heal up for my folks My man dog is getting a bit stressed out and that's not surprising seeing as he's fighting Or did your size alone does not dissuade the sharpened blade a ridiculously gigantic creature Right time to get back on track So what are my expectations here rather what I hope to achieve Well, I'm hoping to get as a big gigantic piggy and To kill it Without suffering any losses. I recently had a rather unfortunate A most unfortunate accident where I lost two of my best characters One of which my only leveled up crusader as you might imagine that was Frustrating in many different ways, but hey, that doesn't matter We must not let the losses of the past Buggle down our future, right? That sounds all clever and grown-up.  I don't like the swine March here, but I'm sitting I will take Of both of them Don't want to make all of them bleed No, they are only two and it doesn't seem all that's worthwhile Rather finish this one Marcher First thing with Ladi This is going to take a little while. I suspect Ouch. Oh lovely, I Love it when they miss right then we have Forced unto him some bleeding effects Now I think I may just be able to finish this around quakes. Oh, yes. Yes. I did the slow death Unforeseen unforgiving Absolutely great Let's as the light gains purchase Spirits are lifted. Yeah, that's exactly what I was going to say No, but for this time and no scouting whatsoever either That makes me sad in a few different ways Do all my characters have items on? Yes. Yes, they do Laden with loot are often low on supplies. Oh, I did not see Doesn't pleasant trap And it cost me a little bit more pigs more pigs to kill Little piggies as I like to call them that may or may not have anything to do with the popular Beatles song about policeman But hey, I like policeman as much as the next guy, which would say not a lot Not that I'm alienating all zero policemen in my viewers. I Like to play off Well known Prejudices I think they are funny cliches are cliches for a reason and I love nothing more than to exploit them Drums of doom What excitement what enjoyable may have my friends are preparing for me? Whoa, this guy knows how to swing Well, he's a gore So I spake that he would need to in order to Make sure dinner is served And so on and so forth. I think we need the divine comfort It's level three by the way, which is not easy to get Unnerved well balanced that did some Respectable amounts of damage. Yeah, they sure are taking their time are they? Right I need to Yeah, that's exactly why I need it excellent job Now that good healing hours talking about thank you Some more bleeding effects a decisive pummeling. Yes exactly the kind of pummeling I needed The decisive kind is the best kind of pummeling. It's how I promote all my pigs as the fiend for Fantastic a faint hope blossoms. I Love nothing as much as I love faint hope But now I have to kill piggies which are not the most hopeful of creatures That's that's Doing such large amounts of damage. It's really Quite annoying And now all of you will bleed out. I hope How much are you bleeding out for three damages? Yeah Let's heal myself Because they are both going to die either way and Some divine comfort or maybe Just maybe some divine grace To heal her for a tiny tad more But not that all that much divine grace really doesn't make no lay Gentle much of a this is how a life is taken sense Seize this momentum Push on to the task's end Right why I cannot eat my dog treats. I have no clue One round. Oh Yeah, let's use the medicinal herbs Obviously, I don't need them way is lit. The path is clear We require only the strength to follow it Emeralds, shall I take them? No, I think not Actually, sure. I will Adjust with my family's sigil.  How unpleasant. I shall take the scenic route. Oh Come on That's awful Well, it kind of works, but still unpleasant The speed is good the rest of the effects not one bit Should I torch the stack of books probably not oh Well Guess I missed on nothing Still no scouting Maybe I should have taken this one item. I have which is really good for scouting. Let's leave the torch the deeds are far more valuable I'm sad to say. Oh god, you are a big one Time for some divine comfort because divine comfort is always a treasure From above one would say or at least one thing Huh breakthrough. No, I think not Let's see We should be able to actually Be gone fiend good job me. I Am the best killer of leeches. I know Which is remarkable really because all my friends kill leeches and a daisy daily account daisy account Huh, maybe someone has been overdoing the agents of shield Marathon. I got the worries really I Really don't like this And now I'm missing all the time And now she is buffed against What was that stun? off the ends Stuns I would use cry havoc, but it kind of seems Not very useful, you know Minus 4 stress not the biggest thing in the book. Hey, at least this is good Good and cool. That's what I was going to say And I almost said ghoul not the best use of my Rather extensive dictionary Let's see. Can I judge this creature? Yes, I most certainly can Let's bite you again Supposed to be dying now. Please die. Please please Oh Yes a victory Perhaps the turning point. I love turning points. They are literally what I live for Hey, I'm not looking for a turning point in this dungeon. I'm looking for this guy Hello That's unfortunate actually Maybe I should Nah Let's find this guy straight on Me the most awesome mist of creatures against you the most swiney of kings. Oh, no, that's bad I still have This going for me.  Should I? Oh my This is very bad. Well, we've got a serious problem boys And I probably should Let that little piggy Do his thing and not Toothly destroy me Yeah, let's concentrate on the swanking Injury and despondence set the stage for heroism or cowardice Exactly what I'm needing right now lots of and lots of heal stop Puking on me pig That's just rude manners Masterfully executed don't want to die. I don't want to die at all. Oh, no This is so going to hurt. Um, I am in trouble now Yay, he's bleeding for three points of damage. I'm not sure how that's going to help Burged at the very precipice of oblivion. Please don't die now Give me healing Give me sunshine Thank you Sunshine two things I always love Let's do that some extra damage to Take care of that annoying negative effects. I'm having To go through right now Oh, thank you. I appreciate that The healing all your good work really Just 73 points of damage to go and I'm not sure how long This hold fast or expire Oh God, she's a death door Which is bad as you might imagine More blood soaks the soil Well, I mean the evil therein That was pretty awful. I Knew I should have retreated my bad. Oh Well, rest in peace you too, and I probably can't use any of her abilities now Gazed reeling about to break. Yeah, I can see that I can totally see the breaking part Well, I do believe this just ended in the worst of defeats Oh dust More asses. I wonder if I can say that this one this skirmish may be lost But the battle may yet be won. Well, I don't think so. I really don't In fact, I do think I screwed this up quite badly, I just lost Four of my best men and women actually four of my best women only the guys survived How can't live him? Anyway, that was absolutely nerve-wracking Time to abandon quest and Yeah Regroup reassemble Evil is timeless after all Yeah, it is But not my characters it seems well This was quite the defeat And I think I'm going to be taking a short break from I cannot tell how much time has passed since I sent that letter. Oh Well, Lorelai has gotten a few quirks Sonia has well cured all her diseases, which is fantastic and And Valady Vassi and Angie died who which I have no words Well That was depressing don't you think let's go and get mandor the best The best brothel help He can get the caretaker Anyway, thank you guys for watching. This was well, I'd say fun, but my entire team of friends died, so Kind of I had a good time, but I really need someone who can scout and That effect I will be buying all the Barbaric rage and unrelenting Sabotage make for a powerful. Yeah. Thank you ancestor and thank you guys for watching. I'll see you next time. Bye


Hey everybody, it's Eric Johnson from Airtate Throws Nation and in today's video we are going to talk about training intermediate and advanced throwers with some advanced to intermediate clean techniques. So one of the first things we're showing you here is one of our advanced high school throwers and we are trying to get him to work on his full range of motion. He's typically done power snatches and there's been some deficiencies in his training in terms of like hamstring strength and posterior chain. We've made great gains on that so we're working full range of motion and full range of motion for your cleans is definitely something I think is highly beneficial for throwers is it's really teaching that doubly centric load. Now one of the other things that we're doing with our advanced guy is we're teaching him how to use and do his cleans with bands right. Now the bands are going to help accelerate the reaction and he's going to be squeezing and pulling harder than he normally would because the resistance is increasing. Now we're going to go with our advanced athlete now Jason's a 65 plus meter discus thrower and he's actually got pretty good clean technique. So like anything else we start out he warms up with some power cleans and he'll usually work in some front squats and some different things. So he's going to get that full range of motion prepared and we're going to do a pull off of a small block which in this case we're using a weight plate and we're going to use a resistance band. So we're going to show you a couple of different workouts that he does on different days and how his technique was improving and so you're going to notice one of the key things we talked about in our previous video for basics was setting up right and you're going to notice Jason has a very consistent setup and he's got his lifting shoes and you're going to notice he pulls himself into position keeps that bar nice and close and that's going to enable him to quickly accelerate and get under the bar. The band is going to force that reaction time. That's why it's a really cool thing and it's just kind of a way to not load up the bar and constantly have that heavy load change the weight up and then vary the speed and that's what one of the reasons of the accommodating resistance of band training. So we've been incorporating a lot more we've had great results with it but you'll see here Jason gets a lot of benefit. Okay so now as the weight gets heavier this is going to start to expose some of the weaknesses in his movement and Jason had tend to be wind up getting a little bit forward and that's one of the reasons why getting under the bar is going to be a little bit more difficult because he can't get the bar to travel high enough up and get under it fast enough here he kind of dropped a little bit more he was trying to do a little bit too much of a like a higher catch so we had him obviously drop under the weight and again you're going to notice we also increased the band tension which made it a little trickier and that's going to again force him to move faster. So right here you're going to notice on that miss he was just everything was a little too far forward and this is what's funny about the cleans just changing the balance point a little bit makes a massive difference in your ability to engage the hips so again we're going to look here and we're going to see three different weights that Jason's using and again we're keeping one band on so we we're going to limit the band tension so as the weight now kind of comes up and then you start to see again another miss you're going to see how he kind of moved again everything gets a little too forward and he loses that upper back position and that's something that's really important so you can add accessories into your training. Now last thing we're going to do is kind of just talk about as both athletes go along what causes the miss so you're going to notice that our younger athlete he tends to get a little bit further forward and this is what's really important to make sure you're setting upright you're going to notice that Jason gets a little bit tighter the bar's a little closer. Mason gets the hips are up a little bit everything's a little far forward that's why he catches the bar with the elbows lower than Jason does and those are those key details that you want to be working on because remember Olympic lifting is a sport all on its own and if you would like to learn more about how to structure a strength training program be sure to click the link in the description or in the bio to learn more about strength training for throwers and hopefully you enjoyed today's video be sure to comment hit that like button subscribe and we will see you on the next video


So my son has a friend who's about his age. He's about six or seven years old and this kid is very smart. He's very creative. He's a kind of kid who would rather color, draw, build things than play with all the toys that he gets. He dresses very well for his age and recently his parents have been concerned that he's going to get made fun of. So they've been putting efforts in to teach him how to become a man and how to dress a little bit differently and things like that. In an effort to not have him get made fun of. But in this video, we're going to talk about this and ask ourselves, should we be teaching our kids to live a life where they're trying not to get made fun of or should we teach them resilience? So make sure that you stay tuned and watch this entire video. What is up everybody? This is Chris from the Rewired Soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution. And yeah, this is a topic that I really think we need to discuss. It's something that I've dealt with with my son. I know a lot of parents deal with this and we need to start talking about this because although I have a mental health channel and most of my audience, a lot of you are in your 20s or 30s. Some of my audience is much younger too. So I'm reaching a demographic where people are becoming parents, but I'm also reaching kids as well. So this is definitely an important topic. So we're going to be talking about a few things that are very important when it comes to mental health and how children develop. We're going to be talking about bullying. We're going to talk about getting picked on, getting teased and all those things. So the first thing I want to do and I want you to remember this throughout the video, this is a big fact disclaimer. A big fact disclaimer. I am not saying that bullying is okay. I'm not saying that, all right? But I'm also not saying that children should be bending to the whim of every other child in their school simply to appease them and avoid being made fun of because this can cause a lot of issues later on in life. A lot of issues because I'm definitely one of those people who developed these issues. So let's paint a picture real quick. We have a child who is coming into his own or her own and they're being creative. They're doing their own thing and they're finding out their likes and dislikes and things like that, but we're worried about this kid getting made fun of. And this is a very, very real thing that parents worry about. I know it's something we worried about with my son for a while, but what are we teaching them if we're teaching them that they need to please other people? What are we teaching them if we're telling them to lose their identity and bend to the identity that's more acceptable to everybody else? So I've done some videos recently on borderline personality disorder. I'm also doing a video book review of a BPD book. I'm just finishing. One of the most fascinating things about borderline personality disorder that I keep seeing over and over and over again is that these symptoms often develop in childhood. One of the core symptoms of borderline personality disorder is losing a sense of self. One of the reasons that kids turn into borderline adults is because they lose their identity. They lose it or they don't know what it is. I struggled with many, many symptoms of borderline personality disorder. So I know how difficult this can be. Growing up, I was so fearful. I was so fearful of people not liking me or not fitting in that I was always trying to blend in with different groups. And this is very common amongst people who lose this sense of self. So, you know, I could be a jock over here. I could be a nerd over there. I could be a gamer over here. I can hang out with the golf kids over there. I can hang out with the skaters and the stoners over here. Never knowing who I am and then developing later in life, we're constantly fighting this battle of trying to discover who we even are and it's constantly changing and we lose this sense of self. And this is very, very bad because it leads to feelings of emptiness, loneliness, extreme depression. Many people who develop this become suicidal or have a lot of suicidal thoughts, right? Because they feel empty inside. They feel this void because they never learned who they were. So that's why this video is so, so, so important because we need to ask ourselves, like, why are we trying to train our kids to never get made fun of? Because when I've done videos on this channel about anxiety, a lot of it is learning about what is in your control and what is not in your control.  They often say, you know, first impressions are so important, right? And we often think, yeah, first impression is how I introduce myself. Do I have a firm handshake? Do I smile? Do I have anything in my teeth? No, your first impression is right when you walk through the door.  It's human nature. It's something that we do. It's part of our survival skills. We have to constantly be on the lookout because if there's a threat, we need to know it, right? Or a potential mate, we need to be judging people. So to design our children's lives around never getting judged or being judged poorly is impossible. We're setting them up to fail. We're also setting them up to be people pleasers. We're also setting them up with a false idea that if you blend in with people, you will be liked, you will be loved and you will be accepted. A lot of us know that that's not true. So what's the solution? So I'm going to talk about some conversations that I have with my son because as somebody who is recovering from severe depression, suicidal thoughts, addiction, anxiety, the last thing I want is for my son to go through any of that. So I take from my own experiences and I teach him that along with everything that I learn about improving mental health. So something that I try to teach him on a regular basis is how to love yourself, how to love all of who you are because when you love who you are, you don't care about what other people think, right? Now, don't get it twisted. I'm not saying like, let your kid wear whatever they want and have them show up to school with underwear on their head. I'm not saying that, all right? We got to teach our children how to dress appropriately and things like that. You know, as long as it's within the guidelines of school and society and all those things, you know, and some of you are a little bit more liberal with that. If your kid wants to wear a unicorn outfit out in public, go for it. Do your thing. But we really need to teach our children how to love themselves, okay? Because if we're training our children to become as sick as we are as adults and there are so many people who are never going to see this video, but you might be one of those people where you are constantly seeking the approval of others, right? Because you have this thing inside of you that says you're not good enough, right? You don't look right. You don't act right. You don't talk right. And if you could only fix these things, then you could be happy. But go check out my video, which I'll link right here, The Hungry Ghost. That's what we are. We're constantly trying to fill this void. So what if we teach our children how to fill that void themselves with self-love and self-compassion, letting our children know that they're never going to be perfect, letting our children know that they're going to school up, letting our children know that not everybody is going to like them. You know, I know all of you love me if you're watching this video, but trust me, there's some people who don't like me very much and that's okay. So the second point to that is what I teach my son is have morals and have values. Do the right thing. Always do the right thing.  If I am conducting myself in a way every day that aligns with my core values, I don't have to worry about other people's opinions. I know that I am doing the right thing as much as possible and even if I slip, I know I'm trying my best. If we can teach that to our children, then they're going to develop more confidence and self-esteem, right? Because they know that they didn't do anything, at least not on purpose, hopefully to instigate any teasing or bullying. You know, they're just being themselves, but they love themselves.  You know what I mean? What are we going to do? Are we going to go and empty out our wallet so other kids accept him? We are feeding into this problem that is largely affecting our society and making people extremely depressed and extremely anxious. The next thing I teach my son on a regular basis is empathy. Empathy, empathy, empathy. And this comes from two different ways. So one of them is when my son, when he gets picked on, right? I ask him to recognize how that feels. I'm like, how did it feel? And we talk about it. We talk about the emotions that he feels. We talk about the thoughts that he has. And we recognize that this doesn't feel good. And I ask him, I say, what can we learn from that? What can we learn from this? And something that he's learned is he doesn't want to make anybody else feel that way, right? Lesson number one, very important lesson. So by being bullied, we learn not to bully others. We learn to treat others with the same kindness and compassion and love and acceptance and tolerance that we would want to be treated with ourselves, right? So my son is also very in tune with other people's emotions and other people's feelings and he feels bad for other kids. So he's seen other kids get picked on. Again, empathy. My son can spot from a mile away if a kid's getting picked on. And I've taught my son to go over there and be friend that kid. Go talk to that kid. See what his interests are. Have a conversation. Maybe develop a friendship. My kid's not best friends with every kid he does this. But what my son is doing is he's going out there and reaching out to these other kids who are being attacked. Now, the last part of this whole empathy triangle that we're building here is empathy for the bully. Empathy for the kid who is picking on your child. This is something else I teach my son. I offer him another perspective regularly. And by the way, adults, you're not getting away with this either. I need to teach you all about this too. I constantly have my son ask himself, is it possible that that kid, that kid who is teasing me or making fun of me or bullying me, is it possible that that kid is going through something? That's something that a lot of us don't think about. What is that other kid's life like? What is his home life like? Does he have alcoholic or drug addict parents, right? Are they poor? Does his family always fight? Is he getting neglected at home? What is going on in this kid's life? Does he not get things? Does he not have toys and all these other things? And when I offer my son that other perspective, he's like, oh, wow. This kid might be hurting. I will link another video right here. It talks about how hurt people hurt people. There's always a reason. There's a reason for this bullying. And the beautiful thing about children is that we still have a chance with them. We have a chance with adults too. I'm not saying to lose hope, but we have a chance to help mold them and change their minds. What happens if my son is able to befriend a bully? What happens if my son is able to sit down with a bully and say, hey, how are you doing, man? How's everything going for you? How's life? What's your family like? What if my son finds out and offers this kid some compassion? Now, not only is my son becoming more empathetic and seeing people in a different light, but maybe this kid realizes that he has some problems that are going on and maybe that he needs to work on. And that's a whole other video about how kids need to approach this. I've had a lot of young people reach out to me lately that are under 18 and usually I direct them to school counselors and other resources like that. But again, we need to start thinking about how we're shaping our children. How are we shaping our children? What do adults struggle with? Do we want our children to struggle with the same things that adults are struggling with when it comes to their mental health? And if not, how can we change that course? You know what I mean? How can we teach them to love and accept themselves and forgive themselves when they screw up? You know, all these different things. So yeah, again, I really wanted to make this video because I think some of us have such a fear that our child is going to be picked on or bullied or looked down upon by other people for just being themselves. And we are we are restricting their creativity and their ability to develop this sense of self. And it's the absolute wrong way about going of this thing. You know what I mean? Like, and I've read countless books on childhood psychology and brain development, which I need to make more videos on. But the last thing we want to do is have our children lose their sense of self, right? Just out of fear that other people might judge them. Because again, it's going to happen anyways. Alright, so I hope you enjoyed this video. Please share this video, spread it around social media. Maybe some parents will see this and hopefully they get some insight and maybe a new perspective on how to do this thing. Alright, but thank you so much for watching. Give this video a thumbs up if you liked it. And if you're new here, I'm always making videos about mental health, trying to help the kids out too. So make sure you click that little round subscribe button. If you want to check out some other content on my channel, you can click or tap right there. Alright, thanks again for watching. Teach your kid to be more resilient and I'll see you next time.


Let's see what are the different processes to reduce some metal oxide to get metal. More importantly, let's continue learning about how to extract pure metals from their ores. And we saw that these were the four steps. And we already talked about the step number one and two. Basically first is enrichment of the ores. Here what happens is, we take a metal ore and we crush it into pieces. And then we separate the metal compounds from the impurities. Now if the metal compound was a metal sulfide or a metal carbonate, then first of all we need to convert it into metal oxide because it's easier to get the metal out from an oxide. And this is what happens in the second step. We saw that for sulfide ores, we use the process called roasting, whereas for carbonate ores, we use the process called calcination to convert them to oxides. Now let's move to the next step, which is reduction to metal. See after the second step, we got metal oxides. Now we need to extract the metal out of this, meaning we need to remove oxygen. And removal of oxygen is called reduction. So let's do that. So for example, if we have oxides of metal that are less reactive, for example, mercuric oxide and silver oxide. From the reactivity series, you might recall that these metals were somewhere towards the bottom, see mercury and silver. So that's why they are less reactive. So their oxides are not going to be very stable. And to get the metal out of them, we will only need to heat them. Just from the heat energy, these compounds, they decompose and finally we get the metal and oxygen is given out. So the oxides of low reactive metals, they just need to be heated. And they get reduced to their metals. Now let's talk about the oxides of medium reactive metals, such as zinc, manganese and iron. All of these are somewhere in the middle of reactivity series. And that's why they are medium reactive. Now we can't reduce them just by heating. We reduce them by displacement reaction. We react these metal oxides with a more reactive element. A more reactive element will displace a less reactive one from its compound. That's what is displacement reaction, right? So zinc oxide is reacted with carbon. Carbon is above zinc and is more reactive. It will displace zinc and form carbon monoxide. So this is how the reaction goes. Carbon is a very good reducing agent. It loves to snatch oxygen from different compounds like zinc oxide. And we get zinc metal reduced. Now in case of manganese dioxide, we react this with aluminium. Aluminium is above manganese and more reactive. It will displace manganese and reduce it. And this is how we get manganese metal. In fact, there is so much heat being given out in this reaction that the manganese metal being generated is made in liquid form. Similarly, in the case of iron oxide, we react this with aluminium. And this reduces the iron oxide to iron. And in this case, also a lot of heat is given out which melts the iron being generated and makes it in liquid form. This reaction is commonly used for the welding of iron equipment such as in the welding of iron railway tracks. And since this is commonly used, we give it a name. We call this thermite reaction. Okay, so far we have seen how to reduce low reactive and medium reactive metals. Now let's look at how to reduce high reactive metals. For example, sodium, calcium, magnesium and aluminium. So see, these metals are very reactive. So their compounds are also going to be very stable, very strongly bonded. And it would not be easy to break them apart or reduce them by just heating or by using carbon or other metals. For this, we take the help of electricity. For example, if I take the compound of aluminium, aluminium oxide, now I have to reduce this, meaning I want to take away oxygen, I want to separate aluminium and oxygen, right? So I will provide electrical energy and with that, they will break apart. Let's look at an example. So first of all, I will take aluminium oxide in molten state in a container, in liquid state. And the reason why I'm doing it is because after I have provided electricity, these will break into their ions and the ions can easily flow in a liquid state, right? Now to pass electricity, I will insert certain electrodes that will be connected to a battery. This is the positive electrode and this is the negative electrode. Now once I pass electricity, the aluminium oxide compound, this is going to break into its ions. We will get aluminium plus three ions and Oat minus two ions. Now the positive ion of aluminium, this will get attracted to the negative electrode. Over here, aluminium ion needs three electrons. It will take the three electrons from the negative electrode and will get converted to aluminium atom and the aluminium atoms will get deposited on the negative electrode over here, something like this. Similarly, the negative ion of oxygen will now get attracted to the positive electrode, opposite attract, right? So once it comes over here, it will deposit the extra electrons that it has and then will combine with other oxygen atoms to form O2 molecule. And these oxygen molecules will bubble out of the solution. So this is how by passing electricity, we can reduce the aluminium compound into aluminium and oxygen. Now let me give you one more example. This time, let's take the compound of sodium, sodium chloride. Now we will also pass electricity to reduce this. Now first of all, I will have to take sodium chloride in its molten state, in its liquid state. And then when I pass electricity, this compound is going to dissociate into its ions. I will get sodium plus ion and chlorine minus ion. Now the positive ion of sodium will get attracted to the negative electrode, also called as the cathode. Here, the sodium plus ion will receive an electron and will become sodium atom. Now these sodium atoms are going to be deposited on the cathode. Now the chlorine minus ion, they will get attracted towards the positive electrode, called the anode. And over here, chlorine ions, they are going to lose their extra electron and become chlorine atom. But see chlorine atoms are not stable, right? So basically, there are two chlorine ions and they both together lose their electrons and become chlorine molecules, Cl2. And we get two electrons over here. So to reduce the compounds of high reactive metals, we use electricity. And that's why this process is called electrolytic reduction. So okay, let me give you a quick overview. To reduce metals, we use heating for reducing the compounds of low reactive metal. We take the help of displacement reaction or reducing agents to reduce the compounds of medium reactive metals. And we use electrolytic reduction to reduce the compounds of high reactive metals. So far, we have got our metal out of the metal ore. We started with enrichment of the ore where we separated the metal compound from the impurities. Then we converted this metal compound into metal oxide. And then we reduce the metal oxide to get the metal. But this metal is still not 99.99% pure. It still has some impurity, some chemicals that we need to get rid of. And for this, we will have to refine the metal to get pure metal. We talk about the steps of refining in a separate video.


Greetings and welcome to the Introduction to Astronomy. In this lecture we are going to be talking about coordinate systems and the different coordinate systems used to measure position on Earth and in the sky. And we'll see some similarities and also some differences in between how these two are used. So let's start off looking at how we measure things on Earth and you're probably familiar with the terms latitude and longitude. These are how we can determine the exact latitude and longitude will give you a specific location of any object on Earth. And the latitude, first of all, is the angular distance measured north or south of the Earth's equator. So Earth's equator is labeled right here and you can see the equator. And the latitude is how far you are north. So a north latitude would be north of that. A south latitude would of course be south of that. It would go up to 90 degrees at the pole and the equator would be 0 degrees latitude. So any location on the equator has 0 degrees and then the 90 degrees north would be the north pole. Of course, 90 degrees south would be the south pole of Earth. Now longitude is again an angular distance. These are both angular measures. And this is measured east or west of the prime meridian. So the prime meridian is defined as the meridian that goes through Greenwich, England. And that is just a convention that has been accepted now for hundreds of years because there is no difference between any of these different meridians that we have. Any of them could be equally well used to set the zero point. However, when this was determined, England being the great naval power and a large lot of sailing going on there was selected as the one to use the standard point. Otherwise, if everyone was using their own major city, for example, maybe Paris for France or Madrid for Spain then everyone is going to be having different coordinates. So we had to agree on that. Now with the latitude, there's nothing to worry about because there is only one latitude line that goes there and there's a very easy definition. Now we can look for an example of this that if we want to locate the Washington Monument in Washington D.C. Well, you can use a latitude of 38.8895 degrees north and a longitude of 77.0353 degrees west and that would be the approximate location of the Washington Monument in Washington D.C. in the United States. So any location on Earth could be determined by giving its latitude and longitude. Now we can do something very similar in the sky. So in order to do this in the sky, we need two coordinates and in this case we use declination and right ascension. Declination is similar to latitude. It is an angular distance measured north or south of the celestial equator. That should sound very familiar to how we determined the latitude on Earth. So the celestial equator here and how far do you go north toward the north celestial pole or south toward the south celestial pole would tell you how far you are above or below the celestial equator. The right ascension is an angular distance measured east. Now note that that's a difference between longitude. In longitude we have east and west longitudes. In the sky we measure only east. So we measure all the way around and we don't measure it in degrees as we do with longitude and latitude and declination. We measure it in hours. So there are 24 hours in one day. So the right ascension of a point would be how far you are away from the vernal equinox, which is the point right here. And as you may recall, that is where the ecliptic, the path of the sun, crosses the celestial equator heading north, so heading north in the sky. And that would then give you a location. So if we're looking for this star, we have a right ascension here, we have a declination here, and just as we can pinpoint a location of an object on Earth, we can pinpoint the location of any object in the sky. For example, the bright star Betelgeuse in Orion has a declination of 7.40706 degrees and a right ascension of 5.91953 hours. Note that this is a little bit different. When we do latitudes, we do north and south. When we do declinations, we do positive and negative. So writing it just like 7 degrees means 7 degrees north of the equator. And again, the right ascension is almost 6 hours, meaning it is about a quarter of the way around the sky from the vernal equinox. So that looks a little bit about coordinates, and one more thing for this lesson. We want to quickly look at is how do we know that the Earth rotates? How can we tell that the Earth is rotating? Certainly when you walk outside, you don't feel like the Earth is rotating, spinning very fast. However, the thing is there, everything is moving with you, including the atmosphere. So since everything moves at the same speed, you don't notice that you are going at the Earth is rotating. However, Jean Foucault gave us a pendulum in 1852, and a pendulum here with the bob at the bottom, and the string going all the way up into the ceiling there, and could oscillate it back and forth. And what you would see is, again, here's a scientific method to look at. It makes a prediction. If the Earth is rotating, the position will slowly change as Earth rotates beneath the pendulum. So if the pendulum starts going back and forth in one direction, that would slowly change, and at another time it would be going this direction, and at another time it would be going this direction. So the central point would remain the same, but there would be a change in how the direction in which it is moving. If there was no rotation, it would just keep doing the same thing over and over again. So we can then do this, and do this as an example, and find that yes, it will rotate, and that the Earth is indeed rotating underneath the pendulum. So let's go ahead and finish up with what we've looked at today in our summary, and we talked about latitude and longitude on Earth. Those are ways to measure angular distances on the surface of Earth. Declination and right ascension are ways to measure this on the celestial sphere. And then we looked at the rotation of Earth and how that can be demonstrated with a Foucault pendulum. So that concludes this lecture on coordinate systems. We'll be back again next time for another topic in astronomy. So until then, have a great day, everyone, and I will see you in class.


5 Reasons Empaths Rarely Cross Paths It is very difficult to meet another empath, because empaths rarely encounter each other. Empaths tend to get involved with narcissists, which is why there are so many channels on narcissistic abuse. 1. Narcissists pretend to be empaths. Empaths desire true love, and if they lose a loved one they have difficulty finding another one. And the reason for that is because empaths care more about others than themselves. So they put other people's needs before their own, and even when they think they've found someone who can give them the love and attention that they're looking for. It ends up being a narcissist instead, because narcissists pretend to be kind and compassionate. Empaths are rare, so it's unlikely that two empaths will cross paths, but if they do they will get along very well. Empaths focus their attention on the people around them, they're not concerned about finding someone who can give them what they need, because their main concern is helping other people. But even if they do try to find another empath, they may just run into a narcissist, and then they may assume that they're fine on their own, or they may believe that there is no one else like them, because empaths are very private. They don't like to share too much about themselves, unless they feel comfortable. Empaths need someone who needs them, empaths want to feel needed, and narcissists want someone who will give them what they need. So it is far more likely for an empath to meet a narcissist, rather than another empath. Empaths are surrounded by people who need them, rather than people who can give them what they need. So it is very rare that they will find another empath who can care for and protect them, because without outside influence or intervention, empaths can sustain themselves. They don't need help in satisfying their basic needs. Four, they may not be compatible. Empaths may not always be who you expect them to be. You may have an image of an empath in your mind, but that's not who they may be in person. Empaths may not be physically attracted to each other, as empaths typically aren't too concerned about their appearance. They may also not have a lot of money, as they invest everything they have into taking care of other people's needs, instead of worrying about their own. Five, empaths know that they are rare. They know that there aren't many people out there who are like them, because throughout their lives, they have always been the one who is taking care of someone else. They may never have experienced someone who attends to their needs, so they may assume that they are the only one, and they may stop searching for other empaths. Thank you for watching. If you found this video helpful, please give it a thumbs up. Share your thoughts in the comments section. Hit the subscribe button to receive the notifications. If you would like to support the channel, you can donate at paypal.me-narctiviver. You can book a one-on-one with me on my website. It's narctiviver.co.uk. Thank you for watching, and I'll talk to you soon.


I'm going to show you how to use the ScreenCastify extension to create an animated GIF. Now a GIF, and yes, it's said that way for all you Gifers out there, a GIF is an animated image. It's kind of like a video with no audio to it. It's a great tool if you wanted to give directions or show a video in something like a Google document or even a website or a slide that you don't need audio with and you just want it to be all the options of like an image. So a GIF is nothing more than an image that has motion in it. It will not have sound, so don't count on any verbal cues or anything like that. But it is a great tool and I use it a lot with directions and things like that for a quick little here's where the arrow goes or find the arrow here or go to this place. It makes it really easy to follow those directions because it's like a video, but it's just an image. So I'm going to make an example here of just how to add a font to your Google account. So I'm going to go up to the ScreenCastify extension that I've already installed. I'm going to choose what I want to record. Now I'm going to leave the microphone on, even though a GIF has no audio. Because ScreenCastify records video and audio together, I can use the video that I'm going to make right now as a video later on if I want. But maybe I really just want it to be a GIF right now, but if that option ever came up and like, oh, I wish I would have recorded the audio, I've already got it. So I will have both a video and a GIF. So I would leave that on. I'm going to record my entire desktop. I'm going to hit the record button, it'll give me my countdown. One thing to kind of keep in mind, GIFs do have to be short. Now some programs limited to 20 seconds. You can get away with a little bit longer, but you will know if you go too long, even ScreenCastify will not be able to make an animated GIF out of it. The file is just too big. So really kind of go for that 20 second mark. You can go a little bit longer, you just got to make the image a little smaller. I'll kind of show that a little later. But in your mind kind of think a GIF needs to be 20 seconds or less. There is some leeway on that, but I mean, just kind of keep that under consideration. So I'm going to click the share button and ScreenCastify is going to come up and say, okay, you're recording, two, one. All right. So here's how you add a font to your Google account. Go right where your normal fonts are at, hit the drop down arrow and click on the more fonts button. Now there's over a thousand here to choose from. So maybe I want to add this font right here in. All I need to do is go to the OK button and it is now part of my font list. So I could change any of the fonts I want, click on it and I just installed it. It's right there. Boom. There you go. It's that easy. I'm going to go to the stop button down here. And that's stopped the ScreenCastify recording. So it's going to open up in a new tab and I'm going to name this Google Font. So I can preview here and listen to it, but I don't really need to. And my clip happens to be 35 seconds long. So let's see if this is too big. Normally I would go over here to the top right to the share link, copy that, put it into a document or however I wanted to share it. That's normally what I do. And it's really easy if you have, because ScreenCastify puts all of the videos you record into a folder. I make that folder anyone with the link can view. All I got to do is copy that link and it's shareable. So easy. Sometimes I put it in Google Classroom. So these are probably where you're already using ScreenCastify, but we're making a GIF. It's a little bit different. I need to go all the way to the bottom where it says Export Video. I'm going to click that little drop down and these are all the choices I can export that video. YouTube, I can download it as a file and use it. But I don't want the video. I'm making a GIF. So I'm going to click the Export GIF button. Now this slider says how big do you want the video to be, the GIF to be? The bigger the video or the GIF, the more it takes. And if it gets too big, it will not be able to do it. So if I slide this slider to be bigger, you'll see what happens there. The file is too big for a GIF. So just slide that down and maybe keep it wherever. It doesn't really matter because you can make the image bigger in your document. It's just you're going to lose some resolution. So the higher the number, the better the resolution. But eventually you run out of GIF space if you want to call that. So I'm going to go down to where it lets me do it and maybe knock it down just a touch more and click the Export button. Down in this bottom right corner, you're going to see the progress of your GIF. And then it's done creating it. And it says right down here, Download GIF. I'm going to click that Download button and then I can go back to my normal document. Now wherever you download it, I generally download to my desktops. But since I just downloaded it sitting down here in the bottom of Chrome, I can go back to that document because it's a GIF I can embed it into the document just by dragging it up here and letting go or upload it as an image, however you choose to get your GIF in. And now it's nothing more than an animated image. It's super easy for kiddos to follow these steps now because it says, here's a GIF showing how to install a Googlebot and they can watch how to do that. We can't put videos and documents, but you can put a GIF. So it's a great tool to share how to do things or maybe clear up some directions in a video type format into a document, a website, a Google slide. You can put a GIF anywhere that an image can be placed.


In the three videos that you're going to be watching tonight, we're going to be talking about reflections, translations, and rotations, and you're going to use these things to help you complete the flip book project, which we'll be talking about in class. And so we're going to start in this video with reflections, and hopefully we all understand that a reflection is usually what we see when we look in a mirror or sometimes a piece of glass or a window. Sometimes you can see a reflection in. What is a reflection? It is just a flip over something. So most of the time we're going to do reflections of objects over a line or sometimes reflected around a point. So you can see in this picture over here, we have figure A, B, D, E, and it is being reflected over this line. I think that's supposed to be an M. Can't tell. And what you see is that A sees itself on the other side of the line the same distance. So the distance from the line to point A is the same as the distance from the line to what we call A prime. Same thing for B and B prime, D and D prime. And then you'll notice that E is on the line. So therefore it doesn't see itself on any other side. It sees itself exactly at that same point because it's touching the line. So the other thing we have right down here is pre-image and image. The pre-image is the original. So for this would be A, B, D, E. And the image is the result of doing the reflection. And so we'll say the result of the reflection. And you'll notice that we label that with what we call prime. So it would be A prime, B prime, D prime, and E prime. This slide gives you a couple of examples of how to do a reflection. I mentioned that in the last slide that what you're going to do when you reflect something is generally you're reflected over a line. So if I look at this right here, here's my line that I'm reflecting over. And I'm reflecting this triangle H, J, K. So what you're going to do is you're going to say, okay, however far J is above the line, that's the same distance I want to go below the line and J will see itself on the other side of that line. Same thing for K. K, however far is below the line, that's how far above the line that K prime will be. Oops, I forgot the prime on J. And then for H, same thing, however far above the line that H is, you'll go the same distance below the line so H prime would be there. And so then when you draw your new figure, your image, it should be the exact same shape. It's just been flipped over the line. Now obviously that is a really rough sketch. We're going to be doing more exact examples in just a second. Over here we have another line L and we are reflecting a triangle this time from right to left. So we would say we'd have probably this point would see itself about there, this point be about there, and this point would be about there. So then when I draw that reflection, you have the triangle seeing itself on the right side of the line. This example is a reflection in the y-axis. You'll want to fill out the rule, which is when you reflect in the y-axis, your point xy becomes a new point negative xy, and you'll see why that happens in just a second. So let's look at point A. Point A is here and that happens to be the ordered pair 1, 2. Well if I reflect in the y-axis it means that I'm reflecting over, here's my y-axis, and this point A is one unit to the right. So the reflection will be one unit to the left. So I'm going to go ahead and put a prime right there and you will notice if you count that ordered pair it's negative 1, 2. And so it follows this rule that what happens is that the x becomes negative and the y remains the same. So this point would be negative 1, 2. Do the same thing for B. If we count 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, the ordered pair for B is 4, 4. So what I'm going to do for the reflection is I'm going to count B is 1, 2, 3, 4 units to the left of the y-axis. So it's going to reflect 1, 2, 3, 4 units to the left. B is 4 units to the right so it's going to reflect 4 units to the left. And I kind of have my rule written on that. But this will be point B prime. Same thing for C. We'll count 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 units to the right so therefore 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 units to the left is going to be the reflection. So you'll notice when you reflect over the y-axis the points don't move at all up or down. They are just being reflected left or right. In this case all the points were reflected from the right side of the y-axis to the left side. In this example we are reflecting in the x-axis. So the x-axis is our horizontal axis, this one here, which means we're going to take these two points and they're going to reflect below. This point, since it's below the x-axis, is going to reflect above. So you're just going to use that idea of counting again. Point A is 1, 2 units above the x-axis. So when we reflect it it's going to be 1, 2 units below the x-axis. So I'll go ahead and put that point as A prime. Same thing with B. We have 1, 2, 3, 4 units above so I will go 1, 2, 3, 4 units below. And I will label that point B prime. And then C, like I said before, C is already below the x-axis so when it's one unit below the reflection is going to be one unit above the x-axis. And if I connect those points I have the exact same triangle. It's just been reflected over the x-axis. Now you'll notice up here is the rule that you take an ordered pair and it becomes x-y when you reflect in the x-axis. So just as an example again if we look at point A that's the ordered pair 1, 2 and if we look at A prime that's the ordered pair 1, negative 2. And so sure enough you see what happens is that this x is still the same. So x is 1, x is 1, but y has become negative. So here it was a positive 2 and now it's a negative 2. This example gives us an example of reflecting in the origin. We all know that the origin is 0, 0. Well when you do a reflection in the origin what happens is you take your ordered pair and the x and y all become opposite. So positive, positive would become negative, negative. So if we take point A for example which is the point 1, 2 it's going to become the point negative 1, negative 2. So here would be my point A prime. B is the ordered pair 4, 4 so reflecting in the origin it would become negative 4, negative 4. So here's B prime. And then C, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, negative 1 is the point for C. So what happens is the 6 will become negative, the negative 1 will become positive using this rule. So we will go 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 to the left and up 1. So that's C prime. And when you connect those points what you have here is a reflection in the origin, 0, 0. The last example we have here is a reflection in the line y equals x. If we graph y equals mx plus B we can see that this has, this line has a slope of 1 and a y intercept of 0. So that's why you see it starting here at 0 and then it's up 1 over 1, up 1 over 1 to get the line y equals x. So this is our line y equals x. If we're going to do a reflection over this line what happens is, for example, this point B is going to see itself over here. This point C is going to see itself over here. D is already to the right of the line so it's going to see itself over on the other side. The rule that you use for a reflection in the line y equals x, you'll notice right here, is your ordered pair xy becomes the ordered pair yx. So let me show you how this works. Now A is going to stay on the line because remember a point that's on the line or if you think about a mirror, if you put your finger on a mirror the other side of your finger is in the same point. So A and A prime are both on the line. B, however, is the ordered pair 3, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 3, 6. So what happens using this rule is the reflection is going to be the point 6, 3. So if I count over 6 and up 3, this is where the image of B is, B prime. If I get the ordered pair for C, that's the ordered pair negative 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and so the reflection of C is going to be at 6, negative 2. So all you're doing here is you are taking this rule, you're taking the original ordered pair and just switching the x and the y. So negative 2, 6 becomes this point 6 negative 2. Lastly we will reflect D. So D is the point negative 1, negative 5 and so the reflection will be negative 5, negative 1. So that would be the reflection of D. And now if you connect A to B, B to C, C to D, whoops I missed and then back up to A, you have the exact same figure, it's just been reflected over this diagonal line. There will be a couple of examples on your practice where you reflect over other lines like y equals 2 or x equals negative 1. Those are no different than reflecting over the x and y axis. The only thing that changes is where your line of reflection is. So you will see examples of that in your practice.


Noodle threw up on me the other day. Just for fun.  Take your water bottle full of tequila and you give it to that employee. And that's how you take care of business. Hi, everyone. Thank you so much for tuning in this week. My name is Jonathan. This glorious, beautiful chunk is Noodle. And this is Tools of the Trade. And this is the show where we find out what everyday items, everyday entrepreneurs need to get through their day. I'm exceptionally excited to show off this week's Tools of the Trade box, because we have been working with Mariana Cortez of Bunny Cakes for a very, very long time. And we are truly floored by the work that this woman has been able to do by building her vegan and gluten-free bakery from the ground up. She founded this company based off of an actual dietary need for baked goods of this kind. She built her business. She is successful at what she does. She's able to feed her family. She's able to feed her community. And she just loves it. OK, the first item we have in this box, oh, I already like what I see, because they are tied-to-go pens. These are perfect for if you're on the go, right? And what if you spill coffee on yourself? What if you spill red wine on yourself? What if you're filming a video series for your job and somewhere in the office, they're giving away cotton candy margaritas at 12.  Guess what? You got a tied-to-go pen. It's like it never happened. They were racers for life's mistakes. So this is an incredible item in this box. And in every box, in any office, everyone should have one of these. Noodle, you look so good today. I don't know if you guys have noticed, but Noodle's lost a little weight. He's been on a weight loss journey for quite some time. And last time he clocked in, he lost 0.4 ounces, which is a really big deal for him. The next item we have in this box is a really nice water bottle. It helps to keep your liquids cold or hot, depending on the temperature you put them in on. But this is what I really like about this one. It's got a sippy. So it's one of those ones that you just kind of sip. You just kind of snap it. You just kind of sip it. And I really like those because this is truly a water bottle on the go. This is one that you can use when you are literally in motion.  But you have to hydrate so you can do it. Oh my God, kids, oh my God. The next item we have in the Bunny Cakes box is, it's become very clear to us that headphones and music and podcasts or books on tape, whatever it might be, are hugely important to all of these people that we have had curating these boxes. So Ms. Bunny Cakes has included these in hers and I think it makes perfect sense. I have a pair of myself and you guys already know that I find there to be two main utilities for headphones, bringing sound in and keeping sound out, right? So it's that idea where you put your headphones in, you can listen to music, listen to a podcast, listen to your, devil in the white city, right? Try and figure out everything that happened at H.H. Holmes during the World's Fair. Listen to that, it's like 36 hour book on tape, really, really good bunch of parts. Or you could put this in your ear and just say, you know what I mean? They're not on, but they're in and you can't prove it otherwise. So the next thing in the Bunny Cakes box is, I don't know what this is, brain tools. It's not a fidget spinner, but it's the same thing and you know why? Because on the back, I see a slew of children holding it up under a thing that says, we can't put it down. These are really helpful to keep your mind going when you're kind of in a little creative funk. All right, the next item we have is, oh, hand sanitizer. You can never have too much, you know, spray alcohol, whether it's for sanitizing or for ingesting, you can never have too much of it. And it makes perfect sense, again, she's also a baker. She works with her hands, right? There are so many times a day where she has to be conscious of how clean they are, whether she's interacting with her kids or her product or something that goes out of her business. This is an extreme utility product, noodle.  Do you see that little snot bubble right there? Can you zoom in on that? The next item we have in the Bunny Cakes box is, we need this so badly for the office.    And the other day it was beautiful 50 degrees and then overnight it dropped down to 30.  Okay, and the next item that's going in this box, which I am again, hands down obsessed with, is a first aid kit. Mariana seems like she's the kind of person who really likes to take care of things herself. I think that that must kind of be true for a lot of people who start their own businesses is that idea that they like, not necessarily control, but they like to be able to oversee how things are done. They like to be able to direct how things are done. But that idea that she's prepared to take care of anything that kind of might come up, I think speaks really highly of her as a, both a parent and a business owner.  And then you take your water bottle full of tequila and you give it to that employee. And that's how you take care of business. Okay, the next, the next item we have in the box is a super thoughtful day planner. You can break it out at a top level view and then you can also do it by day. So this is a really, really, really organized day planner. And again, if you own your own business, you have to be on top of this kind of thing. You have to be able to take care of your own books. You have to be able to know where you're supposed to be, when you're supposed to be there and to write down all of your appointments. I can imagine that, again, as a mother, as a business owner, she probably finds no end to the utility of having something where she can just jot down places she needs to be, practices she needs to be at, clients she needs to meet, really useful to have something like this in your box. And if you get a paper cut and, oh, and you can sanitize it, she has thought of everything. Okay, the final item we have in the Bunny Kicks box is a dang bar. These are vegan, plant-based keto bars. And she tells us all the time that she's running around. She sometimes doesn't have time for lunch, right?  Sometimes, isn't that right, Mr. Avocado and Brown Rice for lunch? And what she loves about them is that they sort of fall under the umbrella of her dietary restrictions, but they're also good. And she absolutely loves them. And I think anyone on the go needs to be able to stay energized. That's everything in the box. That is everything in the Bunny Kicks box. This box tells me that this woman is prepared for anything. She's ready to go to the next level and we absolutely cannot wait to see where Bunny Kicks goes next. We will be watching, we will be rooting for you. We are so, so freaking excited for you. If you liked this video, please like and subscribe to our YouTube channel and make sure to ring the bell so you get a notification anytime one of these episodes or another GoDaddy series goes live. For Noodle, for myself, for honestly, the MVP of the whole box, the Tide2GoPens. We are so excited.  Thank you so much for watching. Literally go buy Tide2GoPens. Thank you so much for watching. Please make sure to subscribe on YouTube if you did like watching this video and be sure to tune in next time.


Sacrifice is supposed to be painful. Sacrifice is supposed to set you backwards.  Why? Because she's suffered. Like Bill Gates right now is helping more people than Mother Teresa ever did with his philanthropy. He's not going to be a saint because he's enjoying himself and he's rich.  Hey everyone, how's it going? It's your boy Vdu Vids in the pub today. And I am with none other than Jeroen Brook. Thank you Jeroen for coming on. My pleasure. Thanks for having me. Really appreciate that. Jeroen is the chair of the board of the Ayn Rand Institute and the host of the Jeroen Brook show. Jeroen Brook, I've been watching your stuff on YouTube. I've read your book on Audible, which is available by the way. And to say that you are someone who promotes the free market would be an understatement. I would say the most purest form of capitalist or free market advocate there is. And that's why I want to speak to you because I myself consider myself a libertarian and I know you've got some issues with that word and maybe we can explore that later on. But you are someone who advocates for the philosophy of Ayn Rand. Yes. How would you describe Ayn Rand's philosophy in a nutshell for those people who may not be familiar with Ayn Rand? Sure. First you have to understand that Ayn Rand was indeed a philosopher. So this is a philosophy. It's not just a political theory or an economic theory. It actually deals with all the basic foundations of all ideas and she has something to say important and new I think to say in every field of philosophy. In metaphysics, Ayn Rand says reality is what it is. Reality is not a function of your consciousness, not a function of what you wish it to be, what you want it to be, but it's also not a function of some other external consciousness. It's not a function of some God who dictates how reality creates miracles. It is what it is and it functions based on the law of causality. A is A to quote Aristotle.  And we as individuals have the tool to know that reality as it is and that tool is human reason. We use our senses to discover, get information about reality. We can integrate that information and we can abstract from it. But all human knowledge is a product of our reason. There is emotions in our tools of cognition and there's no revelation. We don't communicate with some other dimension whether it's in a platonic sense or religious sense. We can't communicate with another dimension and get truth from their truth is here and we can access it. And only individuals can reason.  So she was an egoist in morality.  And you shouldn't ask other people to sacrifice for you. You should live for yourself over the long run and the way to live for yourself is to use your tool of cognition, your tool of knowledge. So a couple of things there, the word sacrifice I think this word has been confused many times. So for example if I say I want a better body, I'm going to sacrifice eating a cake and someone will think oh that's a good thing, right? I'm going to sacrifice a bad meal for a good one. But that's a misuse of the term. So clearly what you're really saying is the value of having a great body is greater than the value of the cake and I'm giving it. So you don't give, you know there are lots of examples of this.  Really? Your kids are more valuable to you. See once you do that then you abandon the meaning of sacrifice. Sacrifice is supposed to be painful. Sacrifice is supposed to set you backwards.  It's not a self-interested thing to do. When you give up the cake it's clearly in your self-interest to give up the cake. So but people conflate the term because they don't want you to know what sacrifice really means. I mean when we use the term sacrificial lamb, who actually in reality wants to be a sacrificial lamb like actually gets slaughtered? Yes and that's at the end. At the end sacrifices are about Jesus on the cross dying for other people's sins. Not for his own. Maybe you deserve today for your own sins for other people's sins. Now that's a sacrifice. Now of course you know he gets resurrected and all that stuff. But the idea of you have to give up something important to you for something less important or for nothing. That is what morality according to the altruists is really about. That's what's noble. For example giving up the cake to build your body. That's not nobody thinks in terms of morality.  But conventional morality says that's not morality. Morality is how you take care of other people. Morality is sacrificing your body to take care of other people. Why are you spending so much time working out when you could be helping those people over there who are starving and dying? That's true morality. That's what makes you noble. That's what makes you a saint. So you go back to what you said earlier. You said human reason. This is how we find out what is the truth and what we should base our life towards. Every individual should be egoist. So I'm going to do what's best for me. Yes. Would you recognize that not everyone can reason properly or have the tools to reason? I think maybe they're not trained. Maybe they were living in a society where certain values are higher than other values, for example. So can we really rely upon individuals to figure out for themselves what is in their self-interest? Because we say it's self-interest. So the question is this. Is everybody capable of reasoning? And my view is absolutely yes. It doesn't matter how intelligent you are. We have the brain too. That's what makes us human. What makes us human, according to Aristotle, we're the rational animal. So we have the capability to reason. And then it's incumbent upon you as an individual to break the chains that society puts you in, to get educated. Now it's true that today our educational system is so bad that we're not teaching kids to think for themselves. We're not teaching kids to reason. And surely in certain countries or in certain eras when, let's say, the church or religion was dominant, it was very hard for people to reason because in a sense they were brainwashed. And they were physical. The Jesuits used to say, give me a child by the age of five, they're mine. I brainwashed them completely. And there's a sense in which that is true. So yes, in very oppressive cultures, you could argue that it's hard to blame the people of North Korea for not living their lives based on rationality because they can't, right? They'd be killed if they did. Most of us today, luckily, but certainly in the West, live in relatively free countries. Education system is bad, but it's not so bad as it cripples your mind in a way that you cannot. It's incumbent upon an individual to discover their own capability to reason, to take care of themselves, to discover their values, to break ties with the irrational, to break ties with the past when it's a bad past, to break ties with society when society is bad, to break ties with politics when the politics is bad, and to build an independent life for themselves to the extent that the world around us makes it possible. So key to Iran's philosophy is objectivism. Objectivism is the name of a philosophy. Is the name? Yes. But if I'm going to decide what's best for me, then surely that's subjective. What's good for me may not be good for you. Subjectivism is a very dangerous word. Ultimately, I think a tricky word, right? What is subjective actually? It means whatever I feel like, whatever, you know, what is that? What is it reflected? Now, it's certainly individual. Your values are yours. Subjective implies that whatever values you choose, it's fine, and I'm saying no. Taste of preference, kind of. Well, it's taste of preference or emotion or, you know, I want to be a Christian today. I want to be a Jew tomorrow.  Yeah, it's good for me. And I'm, I say no. First, there are certain principles, moral principles, that are good for everybody. Qua human beings. Human beings have a particular nature. So think of you as a biological being, right? Clearly, certain foods are good for you, and certain foods are not. That's why you're giving up the cake to build the body, because you've identified scientifically. Sugar is probably not consistent with me being healthy and being, let's assume that's true. There is a science. I'm saying the same is true of life. To live, you must do certain things. All human beings must do these things. Certain things are bad for you, certain things are good for you. How you apply them to you specifically is going to be individual, not subjective, but individual. You will choose a different career than me. But we both probably identify, the career is important. And we both identify that we better take our career seriously if we want to be successful in life. Taking your career seriously, for example, is a universal value. It is a value that's required for a successful human life, and is objective in that sense. And Iron Man has three cardinal values, you know, values that I think every human being is necessary. Reason.   So reason is universal. All human beings have a capacity.   Reason. Purpose. You have to have a purpose in life. You have to have a goal. You have to know what you want. You have to integrate your life around what you want. Most of us integrate our life around career, right? A career that we want to do. Career or family, for most people.  Maybe some women do, particularly more traditional families. But the fact is that family requires a sudden effort, usually from parents during 18 years when the kids are growing up. But you can't sustain a whole life around family, right? You can't sustain it from beginning to end. At the very least, you need a good hobby on the side in order to keep your interest and your intellect and your reason going. And I think most people who say, I care most about their family, when you ask them, well, do you spend more time with your family? Or do you spend more time at work?  So reason, purpose, and a third one is self-esteem. You have to have the sense that you belong in this planet. Your happiness is dependent on it. And you have to seek that out. You have to seek out self-esteem. And self-esteem comes from the achievement of values, the achievement of success, rational success. So those are the values that I think are universal. And then the question is, how do you get those values? I was just going to ask, the first one reason, that's pretty, I mean, self-explanatory, but purpose, meaning, all these types of words, they can get a bit fuzzy sometimes for some people. And this is where you see the Jordan Peterson of the world coming in. And they step in and they amaze people and root people with it. And this is why Jordan Peterson is so successful. And one of the reasons he's so successful, he's successful for many reasons. One of them is people have a need for meaning. I prefer the word purpose, but people have a need for purpose. And he provides them with guidance on how to get one. Now, I don't think his guidance is always good. I don't think his guidance is always the right guidance, because I think he's got some philosophical errors in his system. But the need for meaning and purpose is unquestionable. All of us have it. And that's why religion is so successful. It's why Jordan Peterson is so successful. It's why people are so influenced when they read Ayn Rand. It's not the detail. It's this idea, first and foremost, she provides you with guidance towards a purpose. And look, none of them are contradictory. You need to use reason in order to discover your purpose. And you need to use reason in order to attain your purpose. But you need a purpose. Life is too many things going on. You need something to integrate it all. You need a direction to your life.  You love communication and you integrate. You've got a podcast. You've got a company maybe. You work for other people. But it's all integrated around this one thing. You love communication. That's the thing you do. And you can shift purposes over time. It doesn't have to be one for your whole life. But you need an integrating. And self-esteem is we need in order to be successful in life. Everything is dependent on this idea. In order to survive and succeed at living, we need to feel like we belong in this life. We need to feel like this is our home. And that comes from this sense of confidence and sense of, yeah, this earth is mine. This is good. I can handle this world. I can be successful here. And of course, to actually achieve this, you need virtues that are actions that lead to those values. And I, in the end, identify seven. You know, other philosophers might identify six, nine. The point is, the focus here is, what does it take to be successful in life? What does it take to survive, to thrive, to flourish, and ultimately to be happy in life as a particular biological entity, right? Recognizing that we have an identity, just like everything else in reality.   Well, for cheetah, each plant, they die. It's objective.  And they have to eat animals they can catch in the way they catch them is through speed, right?  No, there's a certain path to happiness. And that, and you can't even say, you can do whatever you like and survive. Human beings can't survive even 100,000 years ago without reason. They just, I mean, I don't know about you, but I do not have the gene for hunting, right? Nobody does. Yeah. How do we hunt? So if you put a human being and a sabertooth tiger, one on one, who wins? Game over. Game over, right? But the fact is the last sabertooth tiger I saw was in a museum. Yeah. And look that, I don't know, eight billion human beings. How do we win that battle? Because we build weapons. We figure out strategy. We figured out how to beat the sabertooth tiger. If you ask a human being to hunt a bison, I mean, how am I going to hunt a bison? It's like this massive thing. We build traps. We have weapons. We strategize. We work in teams. All of those things require reason. They require ingenuity. So the very active survival for human being requires certain principles. And you cannot evade those principles. And to an extent that you do, you die. Okay.  So this is one of the last questions on this, on this other subject. Do you think, I mean, the same way we look at Communists and say, this is utopia, you have this unbelievable trust that the government will provide you with everything and everything will peace and hunky dory. Do you think the same way it's utopian for iron ran, to think everyone, if they only acted with reason, or if we were to create society, and then overnight, if everyone acts with reason, everyone's going to be better off and birds will be chirping. Birds will be chirping. That's true. But I don't think everybody's better off. I think there's always going to be a certain percentage of the population, very small, I think, tiny, that are going to be worse off.  Nobody will have anything to do with him. You'll probably just die for it.  But generally you are. But there's nothing utopian about it, and this is a huge difference with communism. Iron Man's ideas are derived from and consistent with human nature. She doesn't say, this is what I want human beings to be like. I want human beings to be, I don't know, to be a being that doesn't care about himself. Well, you can't survive if you don't care about yourself.  And to care about yourself means to use your mind and to think about how to produce and how to create and how to take care of your world. So her philosophy is the first philosophy, in my view, that is consistent with human nature. It is consistent with what is truly required for survival. So Christianity and most moral codes. There's morality and there's practicality. And the two do not match up. You can either be moral or you can be practical. You can either make money or you can be moral. You can't do both. I mean, really. Well, I mean, many Christian preachers in America... Well, they pretend, right? Because they love making money so much that they distort their Christianity to fit that. But really, you know, Mother Teresa, who's a saint and they're not, who was a saint, you know, she was poor and she suffered and she struggled. She made other people suffer. And she was unhappy and she made other people suffer. Well, she tried to help. The claim is she tried to help people, as she did or not, is an open question. And she's the saint. Why? Because she suffered if she had made millions. If she was driving Rolls Royce while helping other people. And she wouldn't... Like Bill Gates right now is helping more people than Mother Teresa ever did with his philanthropy. He's not going to be a saint because he's enjoying himself and he's rich. So practical and moral are separate. With objectivism, the practical is the moral. And the moral is the practical. Why? Because the way morality was derived inductively from experience. So Rand says she could have never developed a morality 300 years ago. It had to be in the 20th century. Because she had to see the industrial revolution. She had to see people apply their reason to the problem of human survival on a massive scale. If you go back to Aristotle, to a large extent for Aristotle, reason is interesting. It's a mind game. It's something you do. But it's an end in itself. The industrial revolution proves that science, thinking, reason, on end to human flourishing, on end to the material problems of the human beings engage in. And when we apply our minds, we can create anything. We can create this abundance with which we live. And you need proof of that in reality. So objectivism is derived from reality. It's derived inductively from the facts of reality. And it's consistent with what works in reality. And if there was a virtue and somebody could show me that that virtue, it didn't work in reality.  And I'd say then it's not a virtue that we made a mistake when you crossed that offer and have a different virtue. Okay. Can someone be an effectivist and disagree with Ironland? Or is she the standard? Well, it depends what you mean by disagree with Ironland. So objectivism is her philosophy. It's what she wrote down philosophically. And if you disagree with her philosophy, you can disagree with application, you disagree with her particular issue. But if you disagree with her on the philosophy, then no, you're not an objectivist. But why do you care? Why do I care? Why does anybody care? My view is you don't need to be an objectivist. I'm not here to convince anybody to be an objectivist. I want you to convince you of the truth. If it turns out Ironland was wrong, then let's change the stuff. But then it's not objectivism. And that's what she wanted. She didn't want objectivism to become whatever we thought the truth was in the future. She said, look, objectivism I created, since I won't be there in the future to evaluate whether I agree with you or not on what is right or what is wrong. I want this to be called objectivism. If you agree with the call yourself an objectivist, if you don't say you're influenced by Ironland, you agree with a lot of Ironland, you built on Ironland's work and you're this new thing, but don't call yourself an objectivist unless you agree with her on the philosophy. Now you can disagree with her on psychology, you can disagree with her on certain applications to politics or other things. But my point is I don't encourage people to call themselves objectivists. Call yourself a truth seeker. Go find the truth. And I don't, before I become somebody's friend, I don't interview them to decide whether they're objectivists. Are you an objectivist or not? Take a test. Do you care about the truth? That is very important to me. So would you be friends with a communist if they said never? Never.  Okay, but the same way they themselves might be seeking the truth and at this moment in their life they think communism is the truth. After over 100 million people have died. It wasn't real communism. There is no such thing. At some point every regime that has ever tried this idea, every regime that has approached trying this idea, every regime that has affiliated with this idea has led to nothing but death and destruction. If you are evading that, if you are pretending that doesn't exist, you are doing what I am doing and consider the essence of evil, which is evading the facts of reality. You're not a truth seeker.  But there's nobody on the planet Earth today over the age of, you know, let's be generous, 30 who claims to be a communist, who is an honest person. Nobody. That's a big claim. Okay, so. Oh no, I think it's one of the easiest. I mean, would you say the same thing? If I said, if somebody came to you and said, I'm a Nazi, I'm seeking the truth, I'm experimenting, I'm figuring it out. Everybody would be horrified. Why? What's the difference?  He says no, Hitler didn't practice it right. It wasn't real Nazis. It wasn't real Nazis and we didn't really kill that many Jews and it's all, it's really, you're fudging the numbers and stuff. You would consider that person dishonest and evil. Why do communists get a pass?  But communists get a pass, they shouldn't. They are Nazis. There is, there is absolutely zero. Economic Nazis, you say. They're Nazis in every respect.   You deserve exactly the same treat. That is very interesting. Now, would you be friends with a Muslim Christian Jew? Because their ideologies arguably have cause a lot of damage as well. So would you be friends with... I mean, it depends on how seriously they took their religion. So if they were serious Muslims, serious Christians, serious Jews. No. Feminist? Well, again, it depends what you mean by feminist and how seriously you took it. Feminist life. No, I couldn't be friends with a Christian. Fair enough. I mean, what would be the basis? I believe friendship is one of the most important things in life. I'm not friends with a lot of people. You know, and my friends, I have to share values. And if there's no overlap of values, if there's nothing we really share, then you know, what would be the point? Now, if somebody was a moderate leftist, if somebody was a moderate Christian, a moderate Jew, a moderate Muslim, yes, I could imagine being friends with them. Flexibility. But even then, the friendship would be compartmentalized over certain things because clearly by being moderate in all those things, they are compromise. But maybe the Nazi, the communist, whoever, if they became your friend, being exposed to yourself and the way you live and everything, they might... My purpose in life is not to convert Nazis and communists. No, your purpose might not be that, but just them spending time with them. Why would I even spend time with them?  I'll never get it back again. I'll never have another moment. So let's say, for example... So if communist is watching this video, good, then maybe I'll convert him. But I'm not going to go out of my way to find him. And if he comes to me, I'm not going to make any effort to convert him. I'm going to tell him his philosophy is the equivalent of the Nazi philosophy. It's evil. It's unthinkable. And how can he live with himself? Well, I appreciate that because I wonder why communists get such a free pass. When they're in death toll, fast, well... Well, you can ask me and I'll tell you. Okay.


So what if you have a game where there are actions and you say choose some actions, right? Okay, so the rules of the game say on your turn there are four things, pick one, right? Is that enough to be a worker placement game? Like I could make a board with four areas and on your turn you have one worker and you place that worker in one of the four areas and that's your turn and that looks like worker placement, right? You're choosing an action each turn but it's like if I got rid of that worker part and I just said here's four things choose one is that enough to be worker placement? I don't think so, right? What I think is worker placement is when the actions on your turn that you take you put an abstraction layer over them, right? So now that the taking of actions itself is a mechanic of the game. You might have a different number of actions. You might have a resource that you have to spend to take actions. People are competing over which actions you're going to take. You might draft the actions.


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