Hi, everyone. Again, I'm Anne. I'm from Stand.Earth. We're so happy to have you here today. And you can see already Jane Klebb, founder and president of Bold Alliance, and Matt Crowe, our Extreme Oil Campaign Director at Stand.Earth. And we are hoping to soon be joined by Winona Leduc. She is in route today, and she's trying to find a spot to get connected to our webinar. And she's going to text me when she's there. So she should be with us in a moment. We're so happy to have you all on the line with us today. And I'm going to just take a moment to give you just a little bit of background on our speakers, and then we'll go ahead and start. So Winona Leduc, who we hope will be joining us in just a moment, she is looking for a place to connect with us today. She has been a tireless leader on issues related to climate change, indigenous rights, human rights, and clean water for nearly 40 years. She is executive director and co-founder of Honor the Earth, an organization dedicated to creating awareness and support for Native environmental issues and to developing needed financial and political resources for the survival of sustainable Native communities. Honor the Earth is active in the battles against the Dakota Access and Line 3 pipelines. Jane Klebb is the founder and president of the Bold Alliance, a network of community groups in Nebraska, Iowa, Louisiana, and Oklahoma that fight fossil fuel projects, protect landowners against eminent domain abuse, and work for clean energy solutions. Dubbed the Keystone Killer by Rolling Stone, Jane is an experienced grassroots organizer, manager, political strategist, and nonprofit entrepreneur. And Matt Krogue is the extreme oil campaign director at Standout Earth. For the better part of the past 10 years, he's been a leader in the fights against coal and oil chain terminals on the West Coast. He's the creator of the blastzone.org website where users can track the movement of dangerous oil trains. His professional training includes remote sensing, environmental education, and ecological modeling. And thank you so much, speakers, for being here today. And thank you so much to our audience for being here today. And with that, I think we thought we might start with Matt. Does that sound okay? And then go to Jane. Is that all right? And then we'll get Winona in here as we can.  And Matt, you'll let me know when to advance, yeah? Yeah, thank you. Can you hear me okay? Yes, you sound great. Awesome, thanks. Fair warning to everybody on the call. There are a couple of dogs in the office right now, and there is a chance to see a barking frenzy any moment. Hopefully we'll try to prevent that happening. So my name is Matt Crowe. I'm the director of our extreme oil campaign here at Stand. And let me first say how excited I am to be on this panel with both Winona and Jane, and really looking forward to what you guys have, what you all have to say. Here at Stand, our mission really is to challenge both corporations and governments to treat people in the environment with respect because our lives depend on it. And what that has meant in the oil world is on the north side of the border in Canada, we've ended up fighting tar sands pipelines. We've partnered with First Nations to stop the construction of the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipeline, which would have gone to BC's Central Coast. And now we're working hard to stop the Kinder Morgan Pipeline, which would bring tar sands from Alberta to Vancouver. And we'll talk a bit more about that a little bit later. On the south side of the border, though, we're really focused on pretty much stopping all fossil fuel infrastructure, but with a real focus on oil trains. And I'm going to talk a bit today, and this part of this construct here, right, is why there's a really false choice between pipelines and oil trains. Can you get the next slide, please? Anne, are you still there? I am still here. Awesome. Thank you. One of the things I want to talk about too is the sort of narrative that sometimes puts us in a place where we're uncomfortable working to stop the expansion of fossil fuel infrastructure because people use words like hypocrisy. I myself drove to work today, and we're looking at a picture right now of Seattle's famous kayak activists who drove their cars with their plastic kayaks to stop the polar explorer from going to the Arctic to drill in a very dangerous place. I'm going to talk a little bit about that, but can we get the next slide as well? But realistically, one of the things is we're kind of tired of industry and its defenders offering us a false choice. And we're going to really focus on that false choice because we're not talking about a need to choose between exploding oil trains that you see on the left there. They give us a choice between that or pipeline spills like we see it in Mayflower, Arkansas on the right. That's a false choice. I'm going to talk about why. Next slide, please. So just to give a quick summary of where I'm going right now, the first thing I want to talk about is that we have a moral and scientific choice to work for these changes. We're going to talk about participating versus perpetrating the fossil fuel economy. And if you're on the call, you probably care about capturing the growth of the fossil fuel industry. You may also be worried about what that means for us if we do cap the growth of the fossil fuel industry. We'll talk a little bit about that. We're going to talk about false choices and equivalencies. At a very high level, the oil industry and society, we tend to believe in this artificial construct that we must see oil grow, that oil has to get to market. I want to challenge that assumption, talk about the fact we don't need this extreme oil, and then as we sort of dive into the issue of the oil transverses pipelines, I want to talk about two key points. One is that both are dangerous, and the other is that they're not interchangeable. The third key point here, we're at a turning point right now. We're moving towards clean energy. I'm going to talk some about what that means for jobs, what that means sort of in the international environment. That's inevitable. And one of the things that the oil industry and the fossil fuel industry at large relies on is our belief that the expansion of the fossil fuel industry is what's inevitable, and that's just not true. And finally, I want to talk about effective resistance, which in my opinion, as we move forward in the age of Trump, effective resistance is local, it's intersectional, and it's networked. Next slide, please. If I'm talking too fast, and you let me know, I'll try to stay within my 15-minute time limit, but sometimes it means a lot of words. So first, let's talk about participating versus perpetrating. There is a lot of talk in the press, and in particularly the comment sections, which I know we all like to read in various articles, about the hypocrisy of protesters burning fossil fuels or even using them. But here's the thing. There's a big difference between participating, which is what those protesters are doing as the chi-activists, and perpetrating, which is what we see BP doing when they cut corners on safety, when they put human lives in danger, and in fact we had deaths in the Deepwater Horizon disaster, when they put entire ecosystems at risk. That is perpetrating. And so right now, our obligation, I would suggest, is to work within our system. We're going to have to participate, but we don't have to perpetrate the expansion of fossil fuel infrastructure, whether it's pipelines or rail, barges, tankers, and it's also a scientific choice. Our current understanding of climate and climate change means that we need to keep 85% of existing proven reserves in the ground to meet a 1.5-degree cap on global warming. To meet two degrees, that's about 68%. Those numbers come from a fantastic report that's called the sky's the limit, prepared by Oil Change International, a fantastic non-profit out of D.C. But the summary of that report, forgetting the numbers, which we'll share with you, is that the Paris Accords on Climate, ratified in New York and by the United Nations, mean that now is the time to begin a managed decline of fossil fuels, not to expand fossil fuel use, not to build new pipelines or new oil train facilities, but to start thinking about the managed decline. One thing I want to mention too, I just mentioned the Oil Change International report. Any report or link that I mentioned in here are all of these images. We'll make sure they're available to you if you want to use them. We have a number of blogs coming out over the next couple of months, which we'll explore in depth some more of these ideas, so we'll make sure to share those as well. So let's go to the next slide, please. So as we participate in this fossil fuel economy, one thing too, I want to make sure that we all forgive ourselves for it and recommit to changing it and not perpetrating it. So let's talk about false choices. You know, at a very large level, it's repeated over and over again, and I find myself getting caught in this trap. Other people fall into this trap as well. Oil companies want you to believe that they have to expand, that oil has to get to market. And there's this hidden assumption that oil growth will happen, maybe forever, even though it's a limited resource, even though digging it up and burning it leads to catastrophe. But if there's no growth happening, there's no need for expanded infrastructure. I personally have had no trouble going to the gas station. The world is, frankly, washing oil right now. We're seeing reduced per capita consumption in the U.S. and Canada. So one of the questions you have to ask is, if we're not expanding, do we need oil chains and pipelines? The answer is no. If they're trying to expand something that we don't need, who's it for? I think largely what we're seeing when we look at oil chains or pipelines is intent towards exporting, whether it is the unrefined material or what we've been seeing lately, which is more and more refined petroleum products exported from the United States. This infrastructure expansion is simply not for us. Next slide, please. Actually, I have to briefly diverge into this one image that's been stuck in my head just to share it with you. I don't have it drawn. I'll try to get it drawn. I've been thinking about this dynamic of trying to resist the pipeline companies, the train companies saying, which are you going to pick? For me, it feels like we're in this pot, a very large pot. On top of a stove, there's a couple of burners on underneath this pot and we're in there and it's getting hotter and hotter. We've been given the choice, which burner do you want to turn up? Do you want to turn up the one that's being fed by oil trains or pipelines? We're like, no, stop it. No more heat. We don't want to boil any more. This is a false choice. It's not something that we really need. Let's get into the comparison between oil trains and pipelines. We've gotten past the question, do we need them? Is there a false construct? Yeah, please. Next slide. They're both dangerous. I don't have an equivalent map to this one for pipelines. It's hard to get that data. What this map shows you, though, is the network of oil trains and where they travel around the United States. The buffer section to the right there, it's about a one-mile buffer on each side, an area that we know as a concern of an oil chain derails. When we look at who's within that one-mile buffer, we find 25 million Americans. We find 6 million Canadians. And in the US, at least, our analysis shows about 60% of those folks living in communities that could be qualified as environmental justice communities. There are inequities associated with running dangerous oil trains through the towns and cities of America. But both pipelines and rail have abysmal records of leaks and spills. In Kalamazoo, we saw nearly a million gallons of tar sands peru spilled. The impacts have lasted for years from that pipeline disaster. We saw 47 people killed when one oil train derailed. We have a shocking regulatory failure. There's very little oversight of pipelines. There's very little oversight of oil trains. And what we saw in La Puganti was simply a company doing what it wanted to do, directing engineers to do the wrong thing and leaving a community at risk. And we saw that happen. Specific oil trains, even the National Transportation Safety Board, Jim Hall, I'm going to read a quick quote from last year. The quote is carrying crude oil by rail. It's just not a good idea. It can't be done safely in a period. So we're being asked to compare these things. They're both dangerous. We can also talk about barges. We can talk about tankers. Which of them you think is worse? And I think it's not a foolish argument to have, but it's a difficult question because which one is worse depending on which impacts you're looking at. Are you looking at impacts to waterways? Are you looking at risks to human health? Are you looking at risks to motorists in the case of trucks? We'll share with you a Forbes article, which goes into the comparison between all these. It comes out, they're all bad. Can you get the new slide, please? Next slide. So the other thing, and I apologize for this one being blurry, it's an industry slide that we were able to use and we only have the version that's a little expanded here. When they ask you to choose between pipelines and rail, they're pretending that they're interchangeable. They're not. Shipping by rail is substantially more expensive per barrel than pipelines. We know that pipelines also only connect a few points, whereas rail, I just showed you that map of the rail system in the U.S. for oil trains, it's diverse. It goes to a lot of different markets. So when they say that, they're being disingenuous. They aren't interchangeable and they're serving different markets. There are different costs as well. A comparison here, if you look at the Northwest, it costs three or four bucks to bring a barrel of oil by pipeline to Vancouver or Washington State. It costs double or triple that to bring it by rail. When we talk about drilling down into certain regional geographies, one example here is in British Columbia, people are being asked to accept the Kinder Morgan pipeline, 595,000 barrels a day, and they're being told if they don't accept it, they're going to get oil trains, lots of oil trains. This is disingenuous as well. Where are those oil trains going to go? We know that today there's only about 30,000 more barrels of free capacity for oil trains in Washington, even less in Oregon, California. Our allies in the movement is actively shutting down new terminals there. In fact, the movement has delayed or killed 20 out of 25 oil train proposals in the last three years. Where are these oil trains going to go? They're not. So when we stop infrastructure, we are stopping the expansion of the oil industry and the fossil fuel industry more broadly. The final point on this slide before we go to the next one, building new infrastructure, whether it's a pipeline or an oil train offloading facility, it's an investment that's intended the last decades. But we've seen that right now, it's the time to turn towards clean energy. Right now, we're actually at this pivotal point where we need to cap the growth and move towards a managed decline. Next slide, please. Very good. This picture is of a new solar facility being installed in Alberta's Lubuqan Vans territory. The picture came from Melina Lubuqan-Masimo, who is another amazing Indigenous woman leading the way like Melina. They've had two separate nearby oil spills, tens of thousands of gallons from pipeline breaks in the last couple years. And here we're seeing people are saying, enough is enough, we're going to move past it. Another thing that we have are utilities. In the U.S., it's being reported in mainstream media. It's not the edgy media anymore. We're seeing the average lifetime cost of solar and wind, unsubsidized, beating fossil fuels for new infrastructure. There's a quote from an article referring to Lazard, they're a financial consulting firm, that the transition away from coal-burning power plants now seems unstoppable, even if Trump scraps requiring utilities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The average lifetime cost for utility-scale wind and solar generation in the U.S. is now cheaper than coal or nuclear and comparable to natural gas. That's a big change, and that's important when utilities are moving the same direction we are. Jobs. A lot of people talk about job in these arguments. The jobs and renewables are amazing, and they're growing today. According to Clean Energy Canada, as of 2015, there were 26,900 Canadians working in clean energy, meaning that for the first time, there are more people working in clean energy than in the tar sands. In electric power generation in the U.S., there are more jobs in solar and wind than in natural gas, coal, and oil combined. This is an amazing thing. But even as we recognize that, as we move into thinking about who we're going to work with towards this transition, we have to recognize that there are negative impacts. This turning point impacts real people, and if we look more closely regionally, we find that we've got to work together with frontline communities, with labor unions, with refineries and on the railroads, local policy makers. Anything we can do to facilitate a transition that is also just. One of the issues here is society isn't just struggling with questions about energy supply and climate change. We're also struggling with the fundamental, I think, inequities of communities that are impacted by refineries, by climate change, people whose jobs are at stake in a changing economy. And when we see centralized power in the fossil fuel industry, that perpetuates those inequities. So we have to work with all the impacted parties to envision a future that actually frees us, I think, from a false expectation of fossil fuel growth. And it's that fossil fuel growth expectation that creates, again, this false construct between oil trains and pipelines. Next slide, please, and we'll get to my final point. So, successful resistance. We've had a lot of successes in moving, stopping this infrastructure. We're going to hear from Jane, we're going to hear from Winona. But I think as we go forward in that sort of, I don't want to call it the Trump era, perhaps it grandizes it too much. But I think successful resistance is going to be local. It's going to be intersectional. It's going to be networked. We're going to have to assume when we fight these projects that federal agencies are going to be directed to be hostile. But then federal agencies, they don't Trump local land authority. They don't Trump the Constitution and the law that protects treaty rights. Here in Northwest Washington, we've had the Lummi Indian nations successfully fight off North America's largest coal terminal by asserting their treaty rights and fishing rights. And beneath the California, we've had a lot of challenges by rejecting permits which they were told they couldn't do. And we see proactive steps too. In Portland, Oregon, they passed legislation to zone out new oil infrastructure, new fossil fuel infrastructure. Over the next four to six weeks where I live here in Lockham County, Washington, up in the northwest corner of the U.S., we expect to pass legislation that will prevent the permitting of any new unrefined fossil fuel export facilities. We're right at the center of the storm here. We have pipeline to rail coming here and we don't want it. So I'll have us on this call. We each have the opportunity to work locally and pushing towards a clean energy future and also trying to halt the expansion of the fossil fuel industry. One of the things that's really a feature here too is when we work locally, we have the opportunity to protect and insist on integrity in our government processes and our representation. It's a lot harder to do that at the national level. Can we get the next slide, please? So at this slide, this is part of the break free march in Skett County in Washington state in May. Indigenous leaders, local leaders, all kinds of folks are coming together to push for a just transition, to push away from the proposed oil train, the soda that was there. And if we're going to succeed, nationally, it's going to take all of us. We need to build allied groups, whether as a labor or tribal groups or as government leaders, scientists, business. We need to get past some of the issues we're having here where rail, for example, should be part of the solution. Not part of the problem. Oil trains are a problem. And coal trains are a problem. But rail is the greatest way to move goods and we need to respect that. And when we drill down to local concerns and needs, refinery workers and unions, they see the writing on the wall. So it's a scary future. We need to work together to make sure that it's just and that we're all working together on it and resisting this fossil fuel effort and expansion. One place I invite you all to join. We have something here at Stan called the Crude Awakening Network. It's a group that's primarily focused on oil trains right now. But we have monthly calls. We have conversations about best practices, how to work locally, how to resist fossil fuel expansion, how to push towards clean energy. So we'll circulate a way to sign up after that. We have monthly calls. We have listserv. We have some other tools. So next slide, please. So just to sum up again, this is a moral as a scientific choice to resist fossil fuel infrastructure expansion. The only reason that we feel like we have these false choices and equivalencies between things like pipelines and oil trains is because that's being pushed on us, being pushed on us intentionally and society broadly accepts it. We need to move beyond that and recognize that we're moving towards clean energy. What we saw happen in Paris, what we see happening at national levels, what we see happening in the cost of clean energy and jobs, that's the direction we're going. But in the meantime, we need to make sure that we have effective resistance. We need to work locally. We need to be intersectional and network together. And when we do that, we're going to win. So that's what I got. Thank you very much. Great. Thanks, Matt. Give me one moment, everybody. I and we will, and Jane, be patient with me for one moment here. I think Winona's going to be able to connect to us and I need to send her something to help do that. So sit tight for just a moment. No problem. All right. I'm back. Thank you for that. And, Jane, I've got just a couple of pics from your website that I might show as you see. That's great. And let me just get those lined up and I'll just try to move around to the kind of right place at the right time. And and okay. All right. I'm just going to start showing that a little bit. Okay. And thanks again for your patience and start whenever you're ready. Okay. So thank you, Ann, for doing all the logistics and planning of this. Obviously Matt and I could not have done it without you. So deeply appreciate that. And I always love listening to Matt. He's one of the best that we have at the national and at the state and local level. One of the few national campaigners that deeply cares about what's happening at the state and local level. So always excited to be with Matt. And thanks to everybody who's getting on this afternoon. I know that we are being pulled in lots of directions. I think it is a scary time for a lot of us. For farmers and ranchers here in Nebraska, they are now terrified that a pipeline could be shoved through their farm and ranch and land that's been in their hands for generations. You know, our immigrant brothers and sisters in Nebraska, where I live, we actually have the highest amount of refugees that we welcomed in our state on a per capita basis mostly because of ag jobs in our state. And they're terrified that at any moment Donald Trump is going to expand, you know, his travel ban and what he's doing, especially to Muslim individuals. And all across, you know, our country whether it's black, Latino, Native Americans, moms who are terrified about public education now. We have a dangerous and reckless president who does not care about climate change and in fact believes that it is a hoax and believes that taking people's land through imminent domain for private projects is perfectly acceptable. In fact, he says that he loves it.  But the good thing is we have hundreds of people on this webinar today. We had millions in the streets the day after the inauguration. We've had thousands coming to trainings and rallies and really making their voices heard. Or last night as Mitch McConnell tried to silence Elizabeth Warren, he gave us a new rallying call. You know, he said that she was warned but she persisted. And that's exactly what we all are doing is we are persistent. We are resolute and we are a movement that will resist all of these actions from Trump. So I'm specifically going to talk a little bit about Keystone XL what we did to stop it the first time with all of our national and state and Native allies and how we think we can do that again. And I think TransCanada in the Wall Street Journal is saying you know, third time's the charm this will be the third time that they've applied for the Keystone XL permit. And we're essentially saying three strikes and you're out like we've beat you twice before and we're ready to beat you for the third time. One of the things that was critical in the Keystone fight and we've seen this with Standing Rock and we've seen this with Oil Trains is that we at the local level can't fight alone. That we need our allies across race and ethnicity and kind of normal silos of kind of progressive organizing but we also need to connect with our national allies. We could have never had the experts that came in and testified at hearings or the water analysis that we needed in order to make the case of why we were so concerned about a tar sands pipeline through the Ogallala Aquifer without our national allies. And so we see that happening now with Standing Rock and we see it moving forward with all of these fights that the big national groups, the Sierra Clubs, the 350s have to work hand in hand with our kind of smaller groups like Stand and Bold and Oil Change and then the really grassroots groups. The groups that are started by moms and young people and our native allies at the grassroots level that essentially use their own money to make rally signs and everything else. We all work hand in hand and share resources which is the critical piece and that's how, you know, it's one aspect of the fight and how we'd be keystone. The other aspect is we organized landowners and for us that was a key part because we see how these big oil corporations play. They get around regulations that sometimes are on the books because they line, literally, line elected officials pockets with money and with campaign donations. And so the one thing that we felt here in Nebraska that we had control over was the land and landowners are doing this in Minnesota and Wisconsin and Virginia and in West Virginia and Florida and in Georgia, all over the country landowners are standing up and using the same tactic. They're essentially coming together, forming an alliance together because we are all stronger just like unions have taught us we're all stronger together and essentially telling the pipeline companies no, we're not signing. Number one we don't think it's legal for you to use eminent domain for a private project and number two, this is not going to be good it's not going to be good for climate, it's not going to be good for land it's not going to be good for our water. That meant really joining hands with a strong legal team that could represent the landowners in court but it also meant us being in the streets to really build up the public support for those landowners so when they went into the courtroom the judges and the people on the jury knew that the public was standing with the landowners not standing with big oil so even if you're not a landowner even close to a pipeline route you have a critical role in building up the public support to stop these pipelines and the other thing that we did is we picked a target you know for us that was President Obama in the beginning of the Keystone fight nobody thought we would win nobody thought we'd be able to convince Secretary Clinton or President Obama to stand with us to reject the pipeline everybody thought as every other cross-border pipeline went that Keystone would eventually get permitted but we were persistent and we made it very personal because the reality is that all of these fights do involve politics even if you hate politics you have to come to the realization that these fights involve politics so we made it very personal for President Obama and we're going to make it very personal for President Trump we did lots of handwritten letters we sent pens that said this machine stops pipelines because we were encouraging President Obama to sign the executive order no we sent pictures of landowners and our native allies with handwriting on the back we never know what's going to be kind of the straw that breaks the camel's back letters to the editor handwritten letters, phone calls, tweets, Facebook messages all of that grassroots outreach is critical and it's good that it's often not very expensive for us at the grassroots level to do so we built alliances with national groups we got very local, hyper local and figured out the local strategy that we thought we could use to stop the pipeline and we created a top level political target I'm sure people are wondering now can we stop Keystone XL now that we don't have a president who is with us so the good thing is that there's multiple permits that a pipeline of this size has to get so I do think that President Trump will approve the cross-border permit he has said as much he's already fast-tracked to access easement they haven't even done the full environmental review of the river crossing there so that's all moving forward we have no doubt in our mind that he will approve TransCanada's cross-border permit but in Nebraska they still have to go through our state process they still have to go through what's called the Public Service Commission it's a year-long process where citizens and experts get to testify on why we think this pipeline should not be permitted we can argue if the PSC is going to give them a permit that TransCanada should be forced to twin the one with Keystone XL not the ideal scenario but if this pipeline is going to ship through our state we don't want any more out of production and the other thing is we're going to continue to fight TransCanada we're going to continue to think that we have a very strong fight in a very strong case and landowners in Georgia and Ohio in this past year have won where they have gone to the courts and said listen this is a for-profit pipeline nowhere in the Constitution does it say that a private corporation can take land imminent domain was created so we could build roads and schools and waterways never for pipelines especially not export pipelines pipelines that don't even benefit the United States so we're going to really fight at that level as well and I'll say I'm excited to take Keystone XL on again because what happened up at Standing Rock with all of the nations coming together just proves that people power when we all come together can win and while the president has approved that river crossing has ignited an entire movement and awareness of people that just did not think twice about oil trains or pipelines before so I'm going to pass it over to Ann but I again want to thank everybody and look forward to questions coming up oh and there's Winona Winona there may be a little background noise where you are but it looks like it's settled down for the moment we're doing the best I can hello Jane, hello Matt, hello everybody you're doing awesome as usual wonderful way up north and I'm in a little coffee shop in a town right on the proposed pipeline route I thought I'd share the webcam with the community here right on, right on should we start by trying to show a little bit of that video should we start there or do you want to speak first you know sure if you want to show a little bit of the video that's fine I'll drink a little tea if you want to do that and then visit about where we're out up here in northern Minnesota okay great and presenters give me a shout if for some reason the video isn't showing can you just a sec to set it up hand it here fall mornings breath seen in the air on sunny horses we rode our horses from the headquarters of the Mississippi River here on our reservation welcome there's a third of a series of rides on pipelines we're not train testers we're protectors that's this we call the triple crown of pipeline lines those rides to the Alberta River proposed expansion route to the proposed to an excel route to the Dakotas we're a rider from the White Earth Reservation one from the Dakota to ride between Bikini and the Mississippi River so it was that 15 riders braved some heroin terrain a land littered with 100,000 dead cattle for a freak September blizzard and rode the proposed Keystone Road and then we came home to our own reservation where new pipeline is proposed to cut near our largest broad rice lake that pipeline will carry fractal oil from the Dakotas much of this comes from the homelands of the Yorikara, Mandan and Hidatsa people also known as the fourth birth hole of reservation which is under assault by oil companies and where water and people are challenged not only by a pipeline but by a proposed refinery okay just wanted to give you all a little bit of a taste of that so and I'll send everybody the link so you can watch the rest of that when we've got the video posted from today I'll send you the link so you can watch the rest of that but we wanted to let you see a bit of that so with that clear off the screen here see if they can turn down the music oh right hi okay great and I'm going to just move another another slide up here alright Winona thank you thanks for your patience during that setup and whenever you're ready yeah thank you I hope you all can hear me okay I'm good thank you just keep the audio down for me if you would thank you so I'm up here in northern Minnesota I live on the White Earth Reservation and I just came from a gathering of the Minnesota Chippewa tribe without going into a lot of detail we've had six pipelines crossing our land for quite a while of course none of us really knew or paid a lot of attention to them I mean I basically they've been there for a long time they're put in there before the Clean Water Act there's a lot of laws that we are treasuring and we're running across our territory so we've got about 100 miles of liability of 50 year old pipelines that are up here in the north country right now on what's kind of the highway two territory Leash Lake Reservation, Von O'Lack Reservation old pipes and this country is full of a lot of old pipes right now we have a D in infrastructure in the country and you've got a lot of really really old pipes things that go across the streets of Makana the same pipes that go across there and you know a lot of danger in these pipes right now and so what Enbridge is proposing is two things one is is that until last year they were composing this pipeline called the Sand Piper which was going to be a fracked oil pipeline crossing our territory and that pipeline would have come from North Dakota 640,000 barrels a day of oil, fracked oil coming we launched about a four year battle against that pipeline all our communities working with non Indian people we didn't have a lot of national groups interested in it because it was a fracked oil pipeline I've never really understood kind of the difference in distinguishing of national groups between like it's a fracked oil pipeline is not as much as a tar sands pipeline the carbon impact or whatever I never quite got that for us it was all the same because I'm a bad for our mother earth and we're bad for our water we're wild rice people you know and this reservation here that I'm on right now Leech Lake is 50% water and so you can imagine how much problem that's going to be if you got a pipe leak and we've already had some big pipe leaks up here so we had a four year battle against the Sand Piper we rode our horses that video is about our horse ride a little bit we rode our horses for four years against the current of the oil I never did get Jane to ride with me but she has some fancy cowboy boots so one day we'll get the fancy cowboy boots out there on one of my horses and we'll ride together and Matt I don't really know you but I'm sure you have fancy cowboy boots and you should please join us as well on the ride but anyway I dream we should ride against that current of the oil and so we fought them in pretty much every process similar to Jane we learned a lot from Jane's battle a little bit different situation here because here you have a lot of tribal land in the north the demographics are a little bit more like north and south Dakota in our territory there's a lot of reservations close together and a lot more federal jurisdiction issues we organized worked through the public utilities process super flawed process here in Minnesota in comparison to like North Dakota looks like we're getting a very enlightened state but the fact the regulatory capture that existed here was pretty significant there was a lot of pitching this whole idea that we wouldn't have more oil trains we just see the bomb trains going across the same corridor here the highway to corridor with some consistency and as you drove from my house my reservation down towards the cities you would constantly see the bomb transform by bomb trains a day going by these small towns really concerning a lot of people we did have one small train blow up in Castleton North Dakota which really alerted a lot of the politicians and they used that as a reason to say that they should have more pipelines because they had a bomb frame blow up we continued that battle and try to convince people which I think I'm sure that Matt and the rest of you have discussed that you don't get to trade one or the other a pipeline or bomb train because they go to different destinations it's a different system my position is do you want your heroin to come in by train or by pipeline that's what I'm thinking that's what we're talking about it's like heroin why are we trying to justify the system for bringing it into this country we need to talk about stopping it coming in and particularly here because we're up on the border we're up on the Canadian border so in the process of replumbing North America to fit the needs of the Koch brothers and now Exxon because as we know most of the oil was not coming from here in the Northland at all but was coming from Venezuela for many years in southern ports we continued a very very tough battle and our communities worked really really hard our tribal governments worked hard we all kind of bad deals have been signed in the past and a lot of agreements have been made that they didn't really know about but what the company wanted to do is throw a whole new route down and so we bought that route and we did have success in August of this last year they announced that they cancelled this pipeline called the sandpiper and then they announced the company Enbridge the largest pipeline company in North America announced that it was going to purchase 28% of the Dakota access pipeline and we followed them out there that's what we did because we didn't think that it was right for us it was not right for us it was also not right for them and so on the earth our organization a lot of our Nishinaabe people have been out for hours from Standing Rock and our people all traveled out there have a lot of family members we've camped out there I've had family members that have been arrested hit with bullets beaten up by Morton County arrested board members we've been out there in this battle it's very very hard for us to see what is going on out there but the unity that has been brought forth by that battle I agree with Jane I did listen to some of your comments Jane it's this moment for us it was like a Selma moment it's a Selma moment what happened at Standing Rock and what is happening in Standing Rock is it this moment because for the issues that are in our territories I'm really not familiar with what I've been said here the fact is where we live particularly North Dakota and South Dakota they're the deep north that's what we refer to them as is the deep north everybody's been flying over North Dakota for years and saying hey there's North Dakota or I saw that movie Fargo that was a funny movie I've never been in North Dakota that's funny it's data what happened is it got totally depopulated Nebraska didn't get quite the same hit North Dakota but they lost more and more and more people and what was left there was a lot of older German Norwegian Lutherans pretty much Scandinavian and German people a lot of older people felt kind of abandoned and they pretty much have a state that has been run over by oil companies run over by oil companies and also they have fed on the racism in the north and they have fed racism I mean you have white extremists in the north you have neo-Nazis trying to purchase towns in North Dakota and nobody noticed any of that nobody noticed any of that so there's been a lot of Indian hating in the north all these years and nobody's been noticing it because it's North Dakota and when Standing Rock happened people started to notice what racism looks like when it's unrolled with a bunch of new money from Homeland Security 12 million dollars of militarization that unrolls on people I mean what the hell do you need an embryo for the 70's of equipment you're looking at in that video in that slide what is an embryo a mine resistant armored personnel carrier there is no reason there are no land mines in North Dakota there's a bunch of missile silos and I'm not sure how we're going to work out with the fracking earthquakes you know frankly this battle has been very hard and very enlightening for a lot of our people up here and continues on in North Dakota and it's not pretty out there right now it's not pretty it's the time of the wind to go that's why I call it up here the time of the wind to go the cannibals is very bad out there so where I'm coming from right now I don't know where the oil is all going to come from for the Dakota access pipeline in part I don't know I don't know where it's all going to come from can you hold on a second girls oh my god I just had to do that I'm so sorry you guys your mom I love it so you know the 760,000 barrels per day of oil that they want to put in the Dakota access pipeline you know I'm looking at the map on this whole thing and what I don't really understand is that there's 900,000 barrels a day of oil coming out of the bucket right now and in 2019 two years from now 2019 they're projecting that there'll be 900,000 barrels a day of oil so I don't know where the 570,000 barrels a day of oil is coming from because I already have 900,000 barrels a day of oil coming out of the bucket I don't know where the 570,000 barrels a day that's going to fit that energy transfer pipeline is coming from also we called the Dakota access pipeline it like Trump is full of spite, hatred and you know a lot of racism so you know as things unfold there and the Trump administration announces his glorious plans for stupid infrastructure that we don't need you know here our tribes are preparing for the next round of this battle they announced the we had expected the 760,000 barrels a day line 3 they plan to go in the same route we just defeated them in in the sandpiper and our tribes are now preparing to do both a full comprehensive cumulative impact assessment the equivalent of an EIS to challenge the insufficient assessment of the pipeline impacts that is being proposed by the state of Minnesota and we have noted that there are no oil trains going by us right now that's because the bucket itself has had an 85% drop in drilling rigs in the bucket and so there's no oil trains going by us right now oil train traffic is down significantly I'm really not sure you know how this is all going to work out in Trump's fantasies and what I am sure is that you know resistance in our territory is very high and you know our people here many of our people took bullets out in North Dakota many of our people took bullets out in North Dakota I just presented to all the tribal chairs all the tribal leaders in this region and I talked with all those tribal leaders and I said your people took bullets they are ready to take bullets here you need to stop that and you need to make sure that Enbridge knows that this is not North Dakota you can't treat us like that you can't run over us like that and this is not 1890 this is not 1920 when you burned us out of our villages here in northern Minnesota this is 2017 and we are very strong so as things unroll here honor the earth we are a little bit like Jane we are a national organization who are very regionally focused, we are really grassroots we are now in two separate battles essentially we are both in North Dakota and we are entrenched in the Enbridge battles that span from Minnesota Michigan to Wisconsin and that's a pretty big terrain we are looking for a lot of support from national organizations and what looks to be a very bloody future in this but we are a pretty tough bunch we are a very tough bunch and that's what we are made of we have survived this far we intend to continue this battle here that's kind of short of it great thank you Winona, thank you also Jane and Matt we have a ton of questions coming in usually we try to bring in people's voices but just to help everything go a little more smoothly today I'm just going to ask on everyone's behalf and we've got several people asking similar questions so something really important to put to all three of you that people are often encountering elected leaders, politicians who are perpetuating the myth that we need this oil we need to bring this oil to market and that's connected also to Trump saying recently he hasn't gotten any calls about Dakota Access about his move on Dakota Access and his move on Keystone and so I just wanted to give you all a chance to talk about coming at politicians in general perpetuating the myth and then this recent stuff from Trump in particular and just jump in any of you who would like to start I mean I think it's important that everybody starts shaming Trump on Twitter since he loves to tweet and we know he reads things on Twitter so the more that we can kind of amplify you know he actually closed down the White House comment line so the White House is currently not taking comments like President Obama did so he was a citizen could have called the White House at any moment and either talked to a life person or left a message for the President and Trump has closed that line down so if you call it it just says that they're not taking any comments at this time so definitely tweeting or messaging them on Facebook like commenting on either stories on Facebook is a good way for citizens to kind of get public out there but I also think just as important is to shame politicians who aren't listening to us and showing up at town halls and all the kind of stuff that we know we need to do as citizens that are kind of described in the indivisible guide for example we should also be lifting up politicians who are doing the right thing so if you haven't heard of Tom Periello he is running for governor in the state of Virginia he did a beautiful video it's on his Facebook page and it's on his Twitter feed he did it this morning where he describes why he is against two fracked gas pipelines that are threatening their land and water and he specifically mentions climate change I've never seen a politician describe their opposition to a pipeline as good as Tom Periello so also lift up the good guys too Winona or Matt do you want to jump in? I would love to jump in actually I think the Tom Periello example is amazing I watched that video this morning and as Jane said it's an amazing example of leadership I think one of the issues that we have is leadership is actually a rare quality and if we're going to expect to see our politicians lead one of the things that we can do is help give them cover I'll give you an example we had a 45 minute testimony by a climate denier in the Washington state senate yesterday and one of the fantastic leaders was President Ruben Carlyle he was savagely attacked after that testimony because he dared to suggest that climate change is science that is relatively settled and that we need to be acting on it so he's being attacked for that one of the solutions is something like what we call the Northwest there's a group that's organized out of King County which is the county that Seattle resides in called the Safe Energy Leadership Alliance that alliance now consists of over 200 elected officials from municipalities, from the state, from tribes all of whom are committed to safe energy that entity because it exists has allowed who sort of created a I don't want to call it a herd but we're all to a certain extent members of our various herds and politicians are too and if they have some cover if they have other people working with them that they can band together I talked about our successful resistance it's going to be local, it's going to be intersectional it's going to be networked that's true for politicians too and we need to help them create these entities at this point the Safe Energy Leadership Alliance is really Northwest focused for the Northwest U.S but there's no reason it can't be replicated or expanded or built and provide an opportunity for politicians to lead more strongly without the fear that I'm certain many of them feel I would just say that now is the time to have courage there's a political crisis that is immense it is a national crisis and it is a growing international crisis and it is the time for people who have been elected to find their courage it is time to stand against a bully and the bully is Trump and the bully is Rex Tillerson and the bully is the oil industry it has been a long time in coming we people have been standing up we've been taking bullets on and so what I want to see is we just need to encourage them I totally get the herd mentality so the more that we can hold up examples and tell people to find their inner metal it is a test of all of us to find ourselves in metal it tests our inner being and it is the time for us to find our courage to hold up these examples and to keep as people being stronger and stronger it is also really clearly a time to look at the analysis on these issues I mean as I look out there I'm often reminded of I was reading an article in my Harvard magazine they still send me my Harvard magazine along with my request to donate to a Harvard fund although I graduated and I have given them money in 35 years they have enough but anyway I was reading in my Harvard magazine a couple of years ago this article on my apprentice and my apprentice said she's a professor of physics at Harvard and what she said is that she's talking about the physics of energy and you know it never occurred to me but a combustion engine in a vehicle a combustion engine in my car is 60% efficient it's 16% efficient now what kind of stupid world would continue with a 16% efficient engine when in fact an electric engine is 65% efficient you know so to me as the industry continues to move towards greater levels of efficiency increasing the number of electric vehicles I know that that is far above any intelligence in Washington right now but that is what we have to keep talking about the changes in the industry that are occurring on a worldwide scale and to keep pushing those and you know a lot of that to be super honest about it is like people keep saying renewable energy can't meet present demand I'm like why would you want to meet present demand present demand is 57% of our power is wasted between point of origin and point of consumption so why would you want to feed a system that is so inefficient what you would really want to do is get efficient and get far more mobile because we are transporting our food everywhere like I really like those avocados and kiwis and I'm going to have a hard time giving up my coconut milk but for crying out loud you know everything is getting shipped around and the more that we relocalize the less oil we use and in fact you know there is a decline in the use in Minnesota so don't drink the Kool-Aid is what I would say just quit drinking the Kool-Aid and you know look at the facts and keep articulating messages you know and spell it out for your politicians so that they can find their courage or you know give them like a little courage boost little courage pep talks we have several questions about what people can do in the next few days next few weeks to support the protectors against the Dakota access pipeline lots of concern for people's welfare and I know there are lots of actions being organized just wondering what suggestions are for people who are around the country and inside and outside the US who are joining us today Jane you want to say something first so first you know actions on either the Standing Rock Nations website or 350.org those are two good places that you can go to see all the national actions that are happening some are happening today we have one in Omaha where we're delivering 14,000 petitions to the army so that's all happening and led by the Winnebago Nation of Nebraska which is why I'm not there because they're doing the good work of leading it and then the other thing is on March 10 Standing Rock and all the allied nations have asked everybody to go to Washington DC for a march to show President Trump that in fact there are people out here that do not like the pipeline since he said that he hasn't received a single phone call against the pipeline so that's going to be a big day as well and I can imagine lots of creative actions which I won't get into here that I think are going to be planned for that day as well to show the creativity of the resistance I'd just like to say I'm hoping that I know that the veterans are redeploying because I'm very concerned I will be out there early next week and we have big meetings this weekend here on our battles but I'm very concerned about the level of violence escalating out there and so I'm hoping that the veterans are supported in their return out there because when the veterans came to Standing Rock I think that that really turned it quite a bit because I think that North Dakota was ashamed to be injuring veterans I think they're very ashamed at that and I remember talking to one veteran and he said something I'm never going to forget I left blood in Afghanistan and you're telling me that I'm going to die on a bridge in North Dakota that's what I feel like is let us support those veterans to come out there to help de-escalate to be there in that process because we are fully aware of what it looks like out there and it is brutal and then also remember the bigger picture we refer to this as the time of the wind to go in our territory and you know this is very brutal it's minus one right now that's not particularly brutal for Jane but for a lot of people it's been much colder here right now so these people are out there a year is the way to go in case you're ever wondering for the winter camping, go yurt but it's tough it's very tough out there and there's a lot of fear that happens in the winter time when the wind to go comes is the cannibal in our territory, it's a cannibal on the lake that I live on in my reservation a man ate his children 100 years ago he ate his whole family and I'm saying that that happens and that's what I'm seeing happening out there right now there's a lot of internal dissension there's a lot of fear there's a lot of praying upon that fear there's a lot of things that are being said that will be regretted and actions that will be regretted so it is this time that we are in and even the tribe the Standing Rock tribe have great relations and great respect for Dave, our Shambo at the same time it is a very difficult situation don't underestimate how dysfunctional and colonial the situation is I mean two senators in North Dakota sit on Indian Affairs Commission the tribe has no infrastructure and they have had their road blockaded for six months costing them millions of dollars in revenues for their tribal enterprises as well as the hardship people just trying to get to town so they are in a very very tough spot you know over the longer term we are going to need to know how to deconstruct that because they should have justice Standing Rock should have justice 3.8 billion dollars would have bought 1000 solar panels for houses in North Dakota it would have put 8 kilowatts of solar on 123 houses and 323 2.2 megawatt wind turbines you know give me a break that is what energy independence looks like so you know support Standing Rock to survive through this because the river and the people will be there the river and the people will be there I personally hope that the transfer partners goes bankrupt that would be kind of justice to me I don't know if that's going to happen but that's what justice looks like in economic terms of white people you get to go bankrupt you get to go to jail but in the meantime keep an eye on that be very supportive of those water protectors people who choose to stay up there I have a relative who is on a hunger strike you know I stayed up all half the night last night worried about this so if you can be supportive of people on the front lines do so if you can be there with the media do so because a lot of things happen in North Dakota when no one is watching and then also support the veterans to get out there because I honestly believe that the veterans help make a difference you know I know what Trump is planning to do but I also know that we need to be there in this you know when a green just things happen and we need to be present and we need to remember that this is a turning point in our movement we have to say that the rights of corporations should no longer supersede the rights of people and the rights of corporations should no longer supersede the rights of nature because that is what has become in this society where corporations have that much control that you can shoot bullets at people to protect them you know and that is wrong, that is wrong we have also questions on the other piece of the kind of changing the conversation we have the questions that were about getting politicians to stop promoting the myth there is kind of a companion set of questions around social media and people who may be trolling the comment sections of major media outlets there are also questions about whether you all are in touch with like Saturday Night Live and The Daily Show and if you feel like those are good places to try to get a different message out about pipelines and oil trains and fossil fuel dependence Matt, you want to go? Sure for those of you who are on the call who have connections with Saturday Night Live or The Daily Show and wish to send them our way by all means do so I do think that the right now we are watching this bizarre assertion from the White House unfold that terrorist attacks are not being covered intentionally to try to minimize terror at the same time that we see the truth which is that every one of the attacks they mentioned was extensively covered and the truth is a difficult thing to get to and the truth that we are hearing from Winona that we hear from Jane that we see on the ground that it's really hard to get out there and I think that as we look at this battle as we look at the idea that I put forward a little bit earlier that we actually are in an inevitable transition we are going towards the clean energy future that Winona was describing that Jane has a solar barn put up along the KXL route that's the direction we are going to cause a lot of turmoil and that turmoil is both scary for a lot of people and it provides an opportunity to push and to get the truth out there and so yeah, it's going to take a battle there is going to be misinformation there is going to be misinformation coming from our White House there is misinformation from trolls some of them are real people some of them aren't and I would say that when we talk about the ability to succeed we have to get the truth out there and we have to make sure that when we come up against racism and misogyny and when we come up against all these different things that intersect as we fight back against fossil fuel infrastructure we've got to stand up I really appreciate it Winona's comment that our politicians have to have courage so do we we have to support them and we have to support them in doing what we want them to do and it's going to be a battle to make sure that this transition is as just as it can possibly be and we have a minimum of four years of fighting as hard as we possibly can against disinformation, intentional disinformation coming from our highest level decision makers and leaders in this country so yeah, if we have the opportunity to talk to those media outlets that are trusted by many people and we have ways to do it through social media that's absolutely an essential part of this struggle but it's one that I think we're all going to have to participate in Winona or Jane? You know I just want to say can you hear me okay? Yeah, I'm sorry the coffee shop I'm going to be filling up a little bit You know, I mean if you look at the big picture of things, you know like every day that guy in DC is somebody else mad you know what I'm saying this is like he has succeeded and he is like pissing off everybody and so you know it is obviously you know I always I keep a little bit of perspective on it you know and you know I don't think things will go as jolly as he hopes and so you know the more that we push in every aspect the media is not very happy with him the more that we push in all of these aspects the more lawsuits that emerge against him you know the more that our story also gets out there as a significant part of the social fabric of this but you know I mean because it is obvious to me that you know what I'm looking at is we defeated a pipeline here and that pipeline was a sandpiper and those pipes are disappearing I don't know where they're going though that's one of the questions I have I have no idea where the pipes are going you know we are saying that those pipes should go someplace and you know they're old pipes it's not that we don't need pipes in the damn country you know we need pipes in Michigan you know they need all these pipes there's places all over this country with a D in infrastructure that need these pipes and so you know there needs to be like a conscious discussion about where infrastructure is going in this country too from my perspective did we lose Ann? I'm still here I just I couldn't tell you I think we're good for the next question I think we don't want to mute it because of the noise sorry about that all right we're going to have one last question for everybody if that's all right I know Winona has to leave and I know that Jane and Matt have plenty to do too so the last question is a lot of what we're trying to bring forward here is getting people to look at this as you know a fight that's about moving off of fossil fuels it's not about choosing between moving them or that way or moving them through this community or that community what can we do nationally what can people on the call do to help support national national campaigns linked campaigns between you all and between the many allies that you're working with what can we do to make this as big and unified as it should be yeah I mean I think first and foremost when the big days of action are called so like March 10th is one that's a march in DC if you can't make it to DC holding a march in your own community even if it's marching up and down your block with signs with your kids or your friends super important that everybody gets out there then post pictures on Twitter and Facebook and definitely tag Trump in that and then there's another big day of action April 29th the people's climate march we had the largest historic climate march in New York several years ago and so they've been having marches kind of every year so this year's is going to be on April 29th and those will happen all over the country including in New York and DC is kind of big hubs and I'm sure LA but I also really encourage folks to do two other things that are old fashioned one is write a handwritten letter either to President Trump or one of your members of congress talking about why you think it's critical that we start now not 10 years from now building clean energy instead of building out pipelines and putting more oil on trains like it's really simple right we do not need anymore and the more we build the more we're locked into that stuff for the next 50, 60 to 100 years and the second old fashioned thing is hold a bake sale right a lot of us have kids that are in soccer games or you know if you're a college kid you know there's always hungry college students on your campus and so get together bake some stuff and hold a bake sale and send money to one owner's group on earth send money to stand you know there are lots of give money to the small grassroots groups who you know are on the front line where that $10, $20 donation that you give means a tremendous amount to us so those are things that I would suggest. Yeah I have to agree Jane you know that is really it I mean I don't want to say that go all old fashioned but you are right you know I mean but Jane and I also live in pretty rural areas and the more that these people see you know that we are like you know that this is the enlightened path that's really important and then I also do think that we just need to keep really talking about this dichotomy and it is this choice you know 10, 20 years from now you're going to have spent $100 billion on stranded assets pieces of junk and you can spend that $100 billion on doing the right thing fixing infrastructure that's leaking, busting up across the country putting people to work you know up here the battle we are dealing with on line 3 they want to abandon first line 3 they basically want to abandon 5 pipelines and make a whole new line a whole new corridor in through pristine territory you don't get to leave an old mess for us and this is a national infrastructure crisis because you've got aging pipelines across this country that these companies are going to start abandoning and leaving all of the liability to landowners and you know and the real estate market health industry everybody is affected by this liability being transferred from corporations to landowners because there's no clear responsibility for once those pipelines are abandoned and so we need to be very, very vigilant and not let that happen that large transition of abandon infrastructure and you know leaving us holding that bag and then creating a whole new mess 50 years from now so let us be you know prudent because that is not a republican or democrat issue you know I don't know why they baffle me their stupidity just baffles me but you know anybody who is prudent knows that you don't get to like leave this mess and you know that is not it is not frugal and it is not prudent so you know stick to some of the issues and push for this enlightened transition and I do appreciate the support you know I have to say our organization got a lot of supporters you know this last while we're really on the ground and I really appreciate that you know I got fake sales I got fake sale money you know I got rummage sale money I got you know kids putting together things I got you know I got tattoo artists sending me money you know how cool is that tattoo artists there is a standing rock tattoo you know it is like cool stuff this is an opportunity for us to work together you know and to be cool because the other thing is like get real we are so much cooler than they will ever be you know we are more interesting we are more vibrant we have better music we got better moves we got better art you know celebrate the beauty we are and continue to marginalize their ugliness you know because that's what they are it's an ugly thing and then I cannot say it enough times you know you want your heroin delivered by train or you want your heroin delivered by pipeline that's the choice they're giving you and the fact is that you don't even want the heroin you know that's what we got to start saying it's not a choice between the two you just don't want the heroin I guess I'll add on one more thing we have two artists as donors but you know I echo everything that both Jane and Winona just said but I would also add that all the resistance so much of it is local wherever we are up and down a pipeline route wherever we are on rail routes or in rail terminal communities we have a local fight on our hands we can push back one of the strongest tools we have are local land use laws and sometimes trees but we also get to do the local solution sets and I live in a rainy place I live in northwest Washington and we wanted to go off not exactly upgrade but we wanted to produce more power and we were able to go to a local solar panel manufacturer that has now gone from a dozen employees to 200 employees or more we were able to get the transformers from another Washington organization we were able to work with in the back edge of the state of Washington and now we produce more power than we use and this is not the technology of the future this is the technology of today and the idea in particular that Winona put out there that we're going to lock ourselves into 10 or 15 years of dirty and increasingly dirty infrastructure that's then abandoned because we know we're going this direction is silly and so the model that we see in Portland, Oregon of both affirming clean energy solutions legislating out new fossil fuel infrastructure, the model that we're seeing in Joaquin County where I live it's real because we have one of the biggest concentrations of threats of these fossil fuel infrastructure proposals and we have the opportunity to put in clean energy and that dichotomy people look at it and say what the hell are we doing this makes no sense at all and so I think that every place in this country where you can reach out to your local elected leaders where you can work through local organizations or whoever else you have there to really affirm these solutions to push them forward and demonstrate it so people see it happening everywhere that to me is going to be part of the moral authority that we hold up and we say no more fossil fuel infrastructure this is silly it's time to start ratcheting back the dirty stuff and affirming the clean stuff the more we can do that on the ground locally the faster we win because we're going to win the question is how fast how fast I just want to say one more thing on that too because I totally agree my community my village at Pine Point totally written off bottom of the barrel nothing ever trickled down we're putting solar panels on houses in a housing project solar thermal we're putting solar on the school and we're the poor stemmed people in the state of Minnesota and I'm saying if we can do that the more that you illustrate the example and the fact is that the tide is changing I really like that victory in Florida where the oil companies utilities put all that money into stopping the solar being able to put on your houses and the people voted it don't that's what the future is and so the more examples we give the more people who are fearful and afraid sitting on the side see the enlightened path so let us be that enlightened path but also let us have courage in the face of stupidity and in the face of that which comes from Washington thank you though alright everybody thank you so much to our presenters thank you Winona, Jane and Matt thank you so much thanks to our audience today there were a lot of great questions that we couldn't get to and I'm going to try to share them with the presenters and I know everybody's busy but I'll share them and there's also just lots of great info sharing that's happened through the questions so if you sent in links I will include them when I send the link to the recording of the webinar thanks for thinking about that that's another way to support everybody who's involved in this and I just want to ask if there's any last any presenter want to say any last thing before we close out for the day thank you I just want to thank my pals there you guys are great Jane I think you're awesome come visit us I said I won't thank you so much thanks very much bye bye


splitting then we will look how webpack works internally and what things webpack is providing out of the box to improve the bundle sizes yeah. So I am a frontend engineer at birda.com you can follow me on twitter at athishabhad. So first we will see what this talk is not then we will cover what I am going to talk about so this is not a performance checklist we are not going to discuss that what steps should we use to optimize our assets our fonts or how should we write a better code how to reduce react under cycle so it is nothing about that we are not going to cover any of the network performance that is how do you optimize your code parsing on aws should you use a cdn or not and we are not going to discuss any of the chrome profiling our speaker and the previous talk did a fantastic job to do that so then why you guys are here and why you guys are listening to me so first we will see what performance is and what makes is the key criteria then we will focus in the second part on the latest version of the webpack which helps to solve a lot of performance problems then we will see how we can reduce the bundle size so our like 30% of the talk will be focused just on that code splitting part how internal code splitting works and then we will discuss what we did at bird eye which helped us a lot to improve our bundle sizes so this is a platform on which I work so this is a very heavy JavaScript application which has its own set of performance problems so it is like creating a complete desktop application on the web so all the things which you are seeing on the left are complete module in itself there is a lot of functionality which we are serving it's a tool so it was having its own set of performance problem prior to migration like six months back if you see at our stats we were our meaningful paint was around 6000 milliseconds performance wise we were down so it's a lighthouse matrix we were down to 26 and everything was because we quickly build upon the things time to interactivity was going around 10000 seconds then we tried to optimize this so now we will see what is performance I hope by now everyone is aware that what performance is and what it matters so I will quickly wrap it up so there is a famous code this Jacob Nielsen is a famous evangelist he did a very good survey he says that if your website is not loading in 0.1 second that is like 100 milliseconds users tend to feel that something is Jackie in your website and they tend to lose the focus if your website is taking somewhere around 1 second to load and there is no special feedback is given to user I mean let's say website is getting to load and you are not showing any pop up or something then user tend to feel that this website is not perfect I should go to another website to do my job and worst is if you are using 10 second then user will not go back so these are the real surveys Jacob Nielsen did I was researching a lot to prepare my presentation so these are the codes from that a very famous CDN Akamaya revealed that if your website is taking somewhere around 2.5 to 3 seconds to load 40% of the shoppers are always going to your competitor website that is true for all the retail website so if Flipkart is taking like 2.5 seconds to load people would go to Amazon so 40% of the shoppers were doing that again SEO is also impacted so Google says that if the page is 2% slower that means you will be having 2% fewer search impressions which means 2% fewer ads which is directly impact on your revenue if your website is SEO friendly so I was working with the times of India previously and we did a lot of SEO optimization and then we figured out that our main revenue was this ad impressions only so how just minimal performance tweaks helps to increase the revenue that's a code for if someone is a product manager in some kind of organization and finally so if you and there is a competitor website to make a customer believe in you you should be at least 20% quicker than your competitor that is a hard known fact so by now I think everyone believes that performance is important and there are various various surveys which are done around this and why this thing is difficult to achieve I'll quickly cover 2-3 things because web these days is supporting lot many functionalities then it was supporting like a year back or maybe year and a half back so it's like a moods law if so if you are thinking from a web like a year down the line you will see whatever you do at least your code base will be increased by 1MB despite of doing all the optimization your code base will be increased and there are modern JavaScript framework like React or there are various frameworks which gives developer a lot freedom but that comes at a cost of keystrokes so you are making a writing a lot more code which will always lead to some sort of matrix to be fallen short because they are giving you something but they are taking a lot thing if everyone is given the freedom then mistakes will happen anyone who have played Doom video game so so very popular video game if you are like from the 90s get used to play a Doom video game so every year our web page increased to extent it's like throwing a Doom video game on the wire so you can believe that you are throwing a Doom video game and then making the browser work to parse it and serve it to you and then again after an year you are throwing another additional Doom video game which is happening for all 95% of the website this was a very popular tweet which was very popular around this thing now we have believed that performance is difficult this is where thing which is important so how we should think to solve the performance goals so firstly to think about the performance it's not something which will I mean which is a one-time activity this is something which always comes at a cost of like you have to compromise certain needs so if you are doing server side rendering you are compromising you are faking the user so firstly you need to understand that what things need to be optimized on the network and that is one thing then second thing is after you have optimized your network like you have decided that I will be using Akamai CDN or maybe I will be using some sort of images or some other mechanism then comes your code parsing part how your browser is parsing that code so what optimizations can I make at the browser level to make the code parse and after parsing what optimizations can I make to make the layout flow very easily so now I will be focusing only on this code parsing part because other people have covered this two topics very beautifully so for browser if you look JavaScript is the number one candidate for performance optimization so even if your JavaScript is 100 KB bigger than your competitor you need to fix it you need to have some sort of mechanism to load it a different way or probably don't load that feature because that is the number one browser takes time to parse JavaScript and people are shipping a lot unused code we will see now these should be the goals 200 KB I mean looking why these seem very very unrealistic like 90% of the code coverage I hope if anyone has looked at its code coverage is anyone doing 90% of the code coverage is anyone here or you are doing so anyone have used this version 4 of the webpack which was released previously okay quite a few people so this webpack was a few guys know it was released purely to solve the performance goals so it is solving a lot of performance issues out of the box it has various plugins to do that so we did a lot work on webpack previously around like six seven months we invested on webpack and we were really happy to see the results now I will be like diving into code splitting so before focusing on the webpack code splitting I just want to showcase a little demo it will not be a big profiling so this thing is only available in Chrome so if you guys are not using Chrome you can probably take some notes so this is my bird eye website so I will just show how to just find out your unused code so just hit a command shift P or then type show coverage and hit this little reload button so here it shows your all these unused bits you can see even after optimization like 64% of the vendor bundle 59% of our application bundle is unused and I have looked into various various websites numbers are lot more so this is how you can look into your code coverage then you can probably also figure out what is that thing which is not needed on the page so all the red things which are over here so here if you can see we are using some date library which is probably not needed for this view this will be needed when you click a button so load it asynchronously so this is how you can figure out so after figuring out you need to split the code so 90% of the websites are shipping like 60% of the unused code which is the thing which we will be addressing now now code splitting so if you go by this naive definition of code splitting like splitting the chunks very simple it's like creating separate pieces of JavaScript and then loading them on demand and asynchronously so I was doing a soul search that from where did this code splitting so it's not a very new concept so any java developer out there heard of gwt google web toolkit various people would be familiar with this gwt so they were the ones who started this concept of code splitting gwt then webpack is using the same fundamentals from the gwt and and it is building on top of it so just to now showcase the code so the thing which I showed you my screenshot of the website so these are all my different different modules you can see listing over here dashboard over here my social pages here so there are various functionalities which I am serving so webpack takes this as its starting point so that is my router if you are using react it would be like similar to your react router or maybe any json router webpack it starts to look into this and then it figures out that let's say my listing is dependent upon these are my child so I only need to parse these children's when I am going to a listing page and similar is with other so let's say you are on a listing.js these are all your import statements and that is your home.js these are your import statements to the home so webpack has a very good algorithm which you can configure what it does is it tries to find out the chunks or the import statement which are common in these two modules and if these chunks are lesser than a given threshold which depends upon your configuration you can make it like 30 kb or whatever 30 300 kb it creates a separate chunk for that and which will be loaded on demand so this threshold is kept in a criteria because loading another chunk is not always a good idea because loading another chunk you will be making another tcp call and tcp calls are heavy it's always it will be a three-way handshake so you first need to figure out that do I really need to separate out this chunk if you really need then just think about it because tcp calls are also heavy so you have to figure out and webpack says that if something is around 30 40 kb then make a separate chunk so after this synchronous chunking your output would be like if your app is somewhere around 1.4 mb it will split it into all these chunks and these will be or the chunks will be which are separated by the still day are the common chunks so this is very simple like everyone can configure this synchronous code splitting and at least you can achieve this so now comes a very beautiful part which was just supported in this version of the webpack that is asynchronous code splitting which means that it's not that you are separating out your files but in a particular file if some code is used on some user interaction you can probably load that code when user clicks on that button so I'll definition of asynchronous code splitting so I'll wrote a very small sudo code to just portray all our like general UI use cases so I imported something called as a listener then the important thing to note in this third line that it's not an import statement it's a call to a function which when called then it will call this import statement so it's a similar concept of a promise so now let's say that on a click of a button you want to show a pop-up then you want that the code of this pop-up should be loaded when it is required so you did something which could be anything and then you call this function it returns a promise and then you can do your task so this is where like frameworks which are making you to use all the components like in react everything is component so you can probably do this that if you are scrolling then when my user is at like 70% of the height call this component don't load the code upfront this is asynchronous code splitting which is very very beautiful this is what is loading the code dynamically it's using the concept of promises and loading the code dynamically so previously on Christmas we wanted to include a Christmas theme on our main page which would be available if user is doing some sort of interaction so instead of like importing this Christmas sass file or Christmas javascript file upfront we splitted the code in this and we made a separate xhr call to load the Christmas theme so this way your single file will be splitted into multiple multiple chunks and will webpack will be taking care of loading all these chunks so if you see the output of a simple file it will be like instead of one bundle that is like too much around like for us it's like 70 75 bundles which we are supporting and we are pushing on the wire so these are my modules and the things which are used see just the id number all the others for for the pop-up it's like id somewhere 6 23 for some other module for tooltip you may these are all the separate separate things which webpack has generated and you can then load this thing on demand popular plugins are again split chunk plugin if you are using webpack for you would be aware of then for css a css extractor and it's a very popular bundle analyzer which i think mincy also told about the bundle analyzer that how it beautifully creates a bundle of all the things so very so here you can configure how you want to do your synchronous code splitting asynchronous code splitting so here you tell that what chunks you want to optimize and what should be my threshold to load i mean if you can also configure that if your tcp is taking like more than five calls then probably include that bundle up front because five calls is too much so screenshot of a bundle analyzer which so here you can firstly you need to see that on what file so let's say on my surveys file these all are my small small chunks and now i further want to asynchronously split the chunks how can i do that yeah now we will see how internally webpack is working to build these chunks so what is happening under the hood so we'll see how does webpack do code splitting internally how chunks are getting created and then how chunks are getting called so that let's say 10 years later webpack is not there there is some other tool so if you you can use the same concept and you can achieve the same thing your website will not break so this is a screenshot of my bundle so webpack ships this code webpack uses json p callback for splitting the chunks so here in this json p it takes all the modules as an array and the id is over here so here on this line chunk cache it creates a chunk it creates a mapping out of it and then so now it's not just a module cache it's a chunk cache also so if you are wondering that what happens something small as a module gets called multiple times so if user is clicking multiple times or a small tool tip is used everywhere so there's a it is available in your chunk cache webpack will be loading it through it then this function for module id in more module so it basically here checks if this module id is associated with this module or not if it is associated it will do a json p fetch so this is the most important function if you want to understand code splitting it's internally it's very very simple you just need to go through the code so webpack require dot e require and sure yeah it's doing a json p fetch after fetch whenever you need it's just adding the script tags on your file so initially your index file will be only having your critical code then when you need that code webpack will be injecting these script tags in your head simply when it's it's a very simple vanilla javascript everyone would be aware of and then it calls these thing asynchronously yeah so it's doing some very very knife thing it's nothing out of the box so if you don't want to use webpack because it's a difficult beast to conquer it's very very when you are switching versions it's it becomes very very tedious to just support the webpack so you can probably use the same concept which webpack is using just calling the asynchronous script tags and you will all be done by this bundle splitting your bundle sizes will be reduced to a lot and finally webpack includes this code at the footer so if you inspect any file which is generated by webpack and code splitting is on in the footer you will see this code is there and then it will judge your requirement and then it fetches the bundle so what did we achieved after doing all these things I mean our bundle sizes score bundle size was 1.4 mb to 540 still it's a lot bigger than the goal which I showed 241 kb css got reduced to 60 kb from 183 and meaningful pain from 6000 ms to 1200 ms that was something which really helped us to improve a lot of things as a product team saw the lighthouse profiling so these were the stats finally we got so our performance from 22 went to 97 just by doing this bundle so that's why I was emphasizing a lot on code splitting so if you are doing performance that is the only one thing if you do it beautifully if you do splitting and chunking beautifully 90 percent of your job of profiling is done because none other thing like people say that rendering is taking too much time it doesn't matter because browsers only take time to parse JavaScript so that was one activity with like 22 to 97 on it so on a concrete re-note I would say that if you want to achieve this this is not a one-step process it is a tedious project process because when you split the things things will break and will take a while to like mature on it so what you can probably do is what we did was we added this as a pipeline in our CI CD so let's say today my bundle sizes that is 1400 MB so I'm not targeting that I will go to 200 Kb's straight away I'll say that in too much time I'll be reducing 200 Kb's and I put a hook in my PR so if someone is submitting a PR and he is increasing the bundle so it's his responsibility to just maintain that 1200 Kb's so once I achieve 1200 Kb then I will figure out from 1200 to 800 how what optimizations I can do to go from 1200 so this is something which you can do and there are various tools which claim that they are supporting this but to be very honest I have looked into all the tools nothing is giving code splitting they are formulating the name in some some different way so if anyone is familiar with ember islands anyone from ember have used ember js okay so familiar with ember islands okay so they say that they support code splitting but when you look deeply it's like loading your code in iframes so there's nothing called as splitting other than webpack as of now parser says that we are supporting splitting with zero config it's again faking it's putting the code in the same bundle and yeah thanks for like listening to me you can follow me on twitter if you like like to thank you


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