We're back. We're back here. We're back. Yeah, I did it. No, I did it wrong. We have to practice our pointing Welcome back everybody to our little monthly thing that we do that we affectionately call fire and ice This is like Vine 12. I think yeah Yeah, next to me is Lauren Rosen my my pal from the West Coast Licensed practicing therapists specializing in anxiety and OCD and all that good stuff So Lawrence here to answer questions with us like she always is and we're going to chat for about 20 to 30 minutes Yay, and I already forgot which way to point. That's so good, right? Like literally am I whatever? Yes So this for anyone joining from my end is Drew Linsolata. He's amazing He's actually in graduate school, which we were just talking about to become a psychotherapist and The field will be very lucky to have him and he's also just a prolific writer and has lots of great insights on These topics so I always love our talks kind words So today you see is the title on the bottom of the screen here in our fancy graphics that we have thought urge or impulse This is I think sometimes we would think it's a basic Topic but it's important because I think a lot of people are super freaked out right now Even as we speak and as we record because they they can't separate. What's a thought? What's an urge? What's an impulse? Yeah Absolutely, I think there's that fear that like if I have a thought it will be kind It is also an urge or it will become an impulse, right or it's indicative of an impulse. Yeah, and it It's interesting. I didn't tell you this beforehand But one of the things that I do first with clients I have you know a little treatment manual and one of the things I first do is break down what a thought is what a feeling is and You know what an an urge is because because of this very fact so it may sound simple to people but it's actually It's not something that I take for granted because we don't really parse these things apart in our world That's a really good idea. Oh, thanks sometimes Because I think when people get into that worked-up state an anxious state a fearful state They you know what would they never gave a second thought now is super important Yeah, he's a part my emotions and my thoughts and my urges and my impulses and Right because otherwise and especially because we treat these things differently To especially with thoughts and feelings, right? Am I if I'm accepting the presence of a feeling? I'm not I'm not engaging with thoughts, but people often conflate the two people think Oh well in order to feel my sadness I have to really churn about this really sad thing that happened mentally like I have to think about it Which is not necessary or or turns out helpful Yeah, yeah, that's actually that's a good point because we are immersed in that forget outside the realm of anxiety disorders and OCD You know, you got to feel it to heal it Go inside dig deep like so we're conditioned almost to think that good mental health is Attach glue yourself to those thoughts and feelings and dig into them. Yes playing that meaning see what it's all a wallow like And that's the thing to like yes feel it to heal it, but feeling is actually a very simple process It's not all of the thinking that happens around Things that cause emotion. So that's pretty solid Turrets too much, but yeah, no I think it's germane to the topic because I think if you know feeling is when you say feeling is a simple process Let's say you're sad or whatever. You've just had a big breakup in a relationship. I I am hurting is Okay, you're feeling that I hurt as opposed to I'm hurting and I need to find meaning in the hurt Right, or I need to resolve the hurt. I need to fix it somehow like by figuring out why I'm hurt or and that There's like a compulsion in our culture to process cognitively think through and Yeah, mostly keeps us stuck especially those of us with anxiety disorders who like to think and think and think and think Wow, we just got big man. I completely have that layover on 3d I hope you wore your 3d glasses Interesting have you read chatter Ethan cross no, no, I haven't it's really good It's one of those books that you highlight on every single page. Yeah, I like the whole book Really good. He's a he's a cognitive science psychologist out of Columbia and he did a whole he's just dedicated his life to that Why do we think so much? Why are we always going inside inside inside that internal chatter? We all have all the time. Yep. Yeah, it's helpful. Sometimes it's neutral and sometimes it goes completely off the rails Yeah, and it is so functional. That's so important I am out. It sounds like that's what the book talks about is that there is a function to it that People people often are like, oh, well, I just I think all the time and I can't say but no like there there are reasons that you're probably trying to resolve or Yeah, oftentimes put things in a box and so that we can put them away. Yeah, tidy them up But this puts us right into today's topic Which is not understanding the difference between a thought, you know Or assuming that if you think something that it might it probably means you're having an urge about that thing And that urge might become an uncontrollable impulse. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, so I guess my My question for you since I've pontificated a lot on the feeling thing and and obviously I have thoughts on all of this But I'm curious like what what do you think of as the like what what makes a thought a thought? Oh, not a hard question at all. Let's just get right into the easy one. Just a simple one. Just softballing to you A nice meatball. He can it out of the park Well, what makes a thought a thought That's a good question. Well, I guess I probably would say I'm gonna work this through on the fly here So don't judge. Yeah, don't ever. Yeah, don't at me I think everything is a thought right so any any image words whatever comes on your head. That's everything is a thought So we're gonna get a little mathematically everything is a thought but not everything isn't every every urge has every urge and impulse has a thought But not every thought has an urge or an impulse So pretty much everything that goes in our head is a thought I don't think we can that would be That making any sense. I'm completely no no no no no that no and I like sorry to because it is a big question I know but I think you're right. I think um There are all of these different mental events that we might call thoughts like images Or words that's oftentimes what I think about it. Usually they're pictures or they're sentences almost um And I don't know from an act perspective oftentimes, which is so much my you know my perspective on on all things working with within the therapeutic context um, mostly they're talking about words mostly they're talking about the narratives and the stories that pop into our minds and Those but to your point they can come with images they can um, and they can Also come with these other experiences like feelings and urges and impulses. So But I when I think of thoughts mostly I think of words Yeah, and you're right in the act acceptance of commitment therapy for those who don't understand that Yeah, that comes out of that whole relational frame theory, which that stuff will melt your brain. That's all like Still trying to get my brain around that but yeah Right, so it comes as words, but they can be accompanied by images sounds All kinds of sensory experiences can originate with thoughts Yep, and then is there an emotion that triggers a thought or is there a thought that triggers an emotion? Like that's been debated lately in my my community. I don't know which comes first Well, do you have to do you have to know what comes first? I think it depends on the situation, right? Sometimes you're feeling anxious and then all of a sudden you thought pops into your mind And then it has a stronger tether to it because you've already been feeling anxious and sometimes you'll have a thought and the thought itself will seem so Unnerving that you start to have feelings associated with it. I think Yeah, that's probably accurate Whereas other times if you weren't so agitated or sensitized at the moment that thought would not trigger emotions It wouldn't just come and go probably. Yeah. Yeah Yeah What are you saying? Sorry. I told you this is so nuanced. It's so It's so this is not black and white. This is so hard to define these things It's so true but I think the practicality of it is in people trying to Identify what in the world is going on with their experience, right? Because I know I know whenever I'm on here I tend to get so esoteric that I'm I'm not sure that it's super helpful all the time But I think there is a real practicality that to this because if you see Oh, look, there's this narrative going on in my mind where I'm having this strong emotional experience That identifying these different things really sets us up to navigate them skillfully Yeah, as opposed to an inact experiential avoidance, right? You're trying to avoid those those emotional experiences So I don't want to have a strong thought because then I might have an emotional experience which I must avoid Yeah, right So interestingly we start to try to analyze is this a thought is it an urge? Is it a feeling? What does it mean? What does it mean in an effort to avoid that experience and we literally create the experience by Trying to analyze it and make it so that we know for sure what's going on Yes, yeah, and I think that yeah creating anxiety and tension and all of that through that process of trying to pin it all down is for sure Well, and that's I think what we were talking about Before we started recording today Was the idea that sometimes so well should we go to mary and webster our friends? But you know, actually, I don't even think it's it's oxford. It's Mary Good old oxford They know what they're talking about as a straw an urge is a strong desire or impulse and We can all relate to the idea of having the urge to do something like I Well, I haven't had a cigarette in over a decade, right? But like every once in a while, it's like like I would really like to smoke right now, right and So that impulse that desire that want sort of springing forth at random I would call that an urge, but what we were talking about is that sometimes people worry About thoughts being urges or being indicative of urges yeah, and Yeah, it's tricky, but they are they are different things and just because you have a thought Doesn't mean that you're necessarily Wanting to do something Or that you will do something Is there that I like your smoking example. That's really good You know, so it's been a long 10 years since you had a cigarette But every once in a while and I've heard people say that every once in a while like after a meal or you're at socially Whatever like oh, I'm really like a cigarette right now. Yeah. Is that an urge? Yeah, it's probably an urge But I would think can we attach like a positive? What's the word I'm looking for not necessarily reward But a positive outcome to an urge Now you might understand that there is a negative. There's a larger negative outcome I don't want to start smoking you know, it's not good for him But in this moment, I would get pleasure and a reward out of a cigarette right now Yes, it's kind of like the urge to do a compulsion In the context of OCD it's like right now It might feel relieving to do this compulsion in the very same way that it might feel Immediately gratifying to pick up a cigarette and light it to your point I would be really bummed. Do I did that on a lot of levels? So I it's not good for my health and I would Feel frustrated and the way that that had happened, but yeah Yeah, I get that. Yeah. Yeah a little abstinence violation effect for you. All right. Like I'd feel like, ah Damn it. Yeah, not that I advocate for that though. Um, it's obviously we all but yeah So then if it's a positive let's start like because I know everybody's worried about like I'll have a thought It's an urge and then it'll turn into an impulse and I'll do the thing that I don't want to do Like I'll turn the wheel and drive off the bridge.  I'll scream curses in church. Whatever they're worried is going to be the thing Okay, so if the urge is generally Generally associated with a positive outcome in the moment stress reduction relief tension relief a positive feeling Whatever it happens to be the cigarette would be fun in that moment. Okay. Yes The ice cream cone would be great in that moment and then I would be angry about it because I'm trying to lose weight Whatever it is or I have a stomach ache Yeah, I have a stomach ache or whatever it is. I have you know, wrinkles in my beard. It's not good. So I think If it's a positive there's a positive outcome associated with that maybe there and I'm I'm completely making this up as I go along by the way, this is not science science here, but It's if there's a positive outcome associated that maybe it's more likely that the urge gives rise to an impulse That pizza looks really good Like I really because there's a positive outcome the pizza tastes good right like Right, there's an outcome that I want. There is an outcome that I genuinely would enjoy experiencing Yes, I really like, you know rush RIP Neil part So I'm gonna buy those tickets I don't have the money but I'm gonna buy them anyway because it's I really like they're my favorite band Whatever it is, right, right whether or not you have the money. Yeah, exactly Exactly, then it becomes an impulse that you wrestle to control a little bit Which you know, we all have that in some measure. We're not entirely self-disciplined all the time No, but let's look it on our head. Now. It's something that you do not want You absolutely do not want you do not want to punch my grandma in the nose I don't want to sleep with my teacher, but I'm having this thought anyway That's not going to become an urge because it's there's no positive outcome there You're worried about it Correct Right, it's more that the thought is there that what if this becomes an urge And or yeah, what if this is indicative or I had that thought while I was like clenching my fist That must mean that I really do want to punch my grandma in the nose Which is here's a tricky one I think The fact of the matter is sometimes depending on who your grandma is You may very well want to punch her in the nose, right? Like there are some obnoxious grammar I loved both of my grandmothers, you know Hope of that both of them are resting in peace I didn't actually want to punch them although I've you know I've been known to want to punch a person or two in my mind and that would be enjoyable in theory In the short term, you know, but I think It can be hard. I see there's a lot of no cd with harm thoughts, right Have you really frustrated with somebody and then you have a harm thought that it's like well, do I Is that an urge? Yeah, I see I could see where the emotional context might make it feel more urge like Urgesk if you will oh, but I'm angry that mean and I thought that at the same time. Uh-oh must mean Yeah, which I do it. Yeah Yeah, I get that that makes sense. Um, it was interesting because when I had Marty Sief on the on the podcast We're just going back two years. He was so aggressively adamant that Thoughts do not become uncontrollable urges, you know, like and he's literally built his entire professional life on that but You know, so that was nice to hear but I and I have to wonder like Is it because isn't something you don't want you you're freaked out by the idea that you might actually want to punch your grandma Of course I'm freaked out by it. So if you're freaked out by it, that's a really good indicator That it's it's not an urge and it's not going to become an uncontrollable impulse Yes And at the same token the thing that we have to be very careful about is how often you're revisiting that information When these feelings come up because as we've talked about so often the first time that we go over it It's educational and it's important to understand that no 100 of the time We don't see that thoughts equate to urges And yet it can quickly devolve into trying to reassure yourself that this thought and this this This sensory experience that you're having that you're calling an urge isn't a genuine urge And if we're still we're constantly trying to convince ourselves that's like no, I don't really want that Then we may lose the thread pretty quickly. Yeah, you're probably right and then you wind up in that situation I had to write about it last week that the old backdoor spike now I'm not I'm not anxious enough about it anymore. So that must mean it is an urge now. Damn it. Yeah Now it's not making me anxious anymore. Now. I now I guess I really want to do it now. It must be right exactly um but I think the the whole idea of and So if we're talking about thoughts more generally Within the context again of acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness part of the problem is that we're Just giving them all too much importance whether they're true false right wrong Doesn't matter so much is the fact that they themselves are thoughts and we still They don't mean anything in and of themselves And I think the same is true of urges just because we have an urge like I've had so many urges That are genuine urges like the urge to smoke a cigarette that I haven't acted on Right, so I think that there's also this component of people think oh Well, if it's a real urge then it's gonna happen. It's like well, you do get some say on that I think Yeah, and we I my gut tells me that we all deal with that on a micro level all day long Should I do should I not you know, we're making those little tiny decisions. We don't even think about them Yeah, we resist tiny little urges all the time without even knowing that we're doing it most likely Absolutely. Absolutely. I mean Much rather just sit with my feet up and watch Netflix, but I have to I have to do this Yes, I resisted an urge. I didn't even give it any credit, but I did I resisted an urge So yeah, and sometimes we don't right like not to freak people out But I find myself doing this even at like at the end of a long day And I've got like maybe a note or two to finish up for within my work as a therapist That I'll notice I'll be on another website, right all of a sudden I come off of my note And I'm like searching something that was on my mind and I'm like, whoa, that was quick Like I got off track pretty readily. So I it's not to say right like sometimes we we I think we have to to bear in mind that Sometimes we do things without thinking which is probably very triggering to a lot of people watching this but Um, but that also does and we have to accept uncertainty. We have to accept that we don't know whether or not we'll snap Snap and lose our minds and do something that we don't intend to do like punch your grandmother in the nose for grandma But She really didn't she didn't she does not deserve to be punched in the nose But we have to accept the possibility that that might happen um While understanding that Just because something is present doesn't like a thought or this sort of physiological sensation that we're calling an urge Doesn't mean that it's actually going to happen necessarily just because it's there Possibility probability thing like just exactly doesn't make it probable and the the existence of a thought about it Doesn't make it any more probable Right, right. It just doesn't change the math at all. Yes. Yeah But we're so enamored of our mental experiences, aren't we? We think that they're so much more important generally than they are It is fact I could I could spend the rest of my life literally researching this it amazes me How important my my thoughts how no matter how ridiculous they are They are so much more important than yours. Yeah, so much more like I you know I couldn't dismiss your thoughts.  Why do we have that, you know, yeah Well, and I think that part of that is because they do generally come with some sort of emotional charge True your thoughts don't come with any emotional stakes for me. No, my thoughts don't come with any for you So I get that. Yeah. Yeah. So is it a you know in the end and we always I think we're really good at this. We bring the conversation back to the the answer that no one wants It's all who knows it's all it's none It doesn't matter like In the end the bottom line in this discussion is it kind of doesn't matter trying to pin it down to be sure It's not an urge or an impulse Is worse than if it was an actual impulse. That's the problem. Yes Yeah, yeah, so Yeah, it's completely down to that. It's like well, and I think the the recovery side of things is to say Maybe I do Maybe I do have the urge to punch grandma or to hurt my dog or to To to swerve my car off of this ramp and that's Unnerving but I don't have the answer to that I can't like if I know that if I try and go down the rabbit hole and pin it down I'm just going to be like throwing pins for the rest of my life Yeah, trying desperately to pin down a thing that cannot be pinned down. You cannot gain certainty on that ever It's like trying to prove something isn't true. You know, you can't prove a negative Yeah, you can't prove that you won't do a thing that's or won't feel a thing or won't think that you can't prove that It's impossible Yeah, I think that this is where our education in like the scientific method is really helpful because Recognizing that we can't actually prove a hypothesis or disprove a hypothesis or no Going back right can't Oh my gosh, there's so many negatives Okay, you can't prove a negative Right, but you can also can't prove that something is true We keep theories we say like, okay I don't think it's likely that I'm going to punch my grandma on the face So I'm just going to go with that until there's counter there's evidence counter to that and then this thought comes up And I'm like, well, uh, is that evidence of four against and looking at how thoughts work? Well, no, it's not it's not Compelling evidence. Anyway, it could mean something it could not mean something but it's nothing that I Can hang my hat on so to speak so I have yet to To make any sort of forward movement with that theory And so we're just going to leave the theory at it as it is that probably won't but we'll see Which of course we always have to acknowledge feels incredibly reckless and irresponsible and dangerous and like How can I just let it be because then it feels so much like I I can't just leave that be Well, go ahead and don't leave it. I don't know what to tell you But I always wind up getting in that situation where it's like I'm not trying to minimize it But then don't leave it be go ahead wrestle with it. Tell me what it's actually stopping you from punching your grandma Of course, it's not no, but I think sometimes we'll do you have to do it in order to prove to them or to understand better That there's no resolution I know that I had to do that for years and years before I finally gave up the ghost and said look there's no amount of ruminating that's going to stop the the thing that I don't want to happen from happening or Help me to absolutely figure this out. It just doesn't exist so I can either Stop living my life and really keep trying or stop and live my life and live with the uncertainty, but you're absolutely right There's no that it's important to recognize. It is very very scary um But that's where When we're going back to what we were talking about at the beginning with the thoughts and the feelings and the urges and all of these different experiences that When we recognize that it feels scary That we can open toward that we can be with the feeling not the thoughts not the thinking about the thoughts or the urges But the emotional experience. Oh my my heart is pounding like I feel it Very definitively beat by beat pounding in my chest. I feel lump in my throat. I feel a tightness in my jaw Can I breathe in as though I could make space for those physiological sensations as I'm as I'm with them And that's what it is to feel a feeling not Thinking about whether or not you're going to punch your grandma in the face But recognizing that it's very uncomfortable to not know whether or not you're going to punch your grandma in the face And then to be with all of those physical experiences and then to reorient toward your life Yeah And in that moment I can be with that experience as opposed to trying to avoid it Which is one of those principles of acts like I So I'm having an experience right now and I'm going to do everything I can to stop having it Right and I think when you say like, you know, what are you feeling right now? It's not what are you thinking? What are you feeling? Well right now? I am really afraid that I'm going to pick up a knife and do something terrible with it That's a statement. I feel afraid right right now Right, I don't have to use that feeling to try to predict what I'm going to do in five seconds five minutes or five days Yes, that's that's pointless Right, and I I think even as you're taught you're like I feel afraid that I'm going to pick up that knife That witnessing in that that if we pull back even for there, it's just fear right. I'm afraid I'm afraid. Yeah. Yeah, and I can be afraid. I can be afraid in this moment. I can have this experience I'm okay. I'm flexible enough for that. Yes. I get lots and lots of space for my fear until it naturally passes And is replaced by something else like annoyance anger happiness Uh neutrality neutrality Yeah, sure. Sure. I get it Um, and you know, you always find it interesting that the very same thoughts that were absolutely terrible these conversations itself Would have been impossible for me to have That meta like almost existential Let's think about our thoughts and what thinking really means Could never have had that I would have been an absolute dumpster fire for days Yes But now I actually relish having the conversation same exact thoughts different experience that comes with Now, how could that be so that tells you something too? I think absolutely Oh, that's such a good point that it's like your your experience around But it's your experience around the feeling that's changing too Right. Is that you're like, oh, yeah, there's that unnerving thing again Now I have that now you have that and instead of immediately going like make it go away. It's like, oh It's it's arrived. There it is. There's the it's sort of like Uh uneasy like the movement and my stomach and the lift and the the whole cascade of things that happens Yeah, sometimes it's not fun. It's just not No, but we're curious about it. Then it's it no longer has to be about fun or not fun It's just an experience. It just is right. It's another you'll have thousands of experiences every day emotional intellectual physical Just let them all happen. Yes Yeah, yeah, there's a beautiful real quick quote to that and let everything happen to you beauty and terror Just keep going. No feeling is final Oh We just I'm going to hit the end button now because we ain't going to get any better than that That was perfect because that's a great great great quote. Where does that come from? It's uh, Rainier Marie Wilka, uh letters to the young poet And I actually I think I heard I read that quote for the first time at the end of the film Not in glorious bastards. It's another film about world war two Um, oh What is it called? Georgia rabbit There it is. Oh, okay Yeah, I don't know if you watch that film, but it's uh, yeah Yeah, very very moving film. Yeah. Yeah All right guys. Well, how's that for not answering with any sort of certainty? We're never gonna you know, and I hate to say it but we're always going to disappoint you You're gonna come I know you make you feel better and certain and we never do But hopefully we help you navigate through that uncertainty. Yes, and maybe we make you help you feel better about feeling Discomfort in the uncertainty because you know at least seeing that the two of us have managed to do it somehow some way And it's not a problem. I think too many people don't I understand why I used to interpret it that way too No, no, no, if I feel bad then it must there must be something I could do about that That that means there's some other step. I'm missing right now It's the feeling bad that teaches you how to have the feeling bad experience. It's okay. It's part of the process Yeah, yeah, you can do it. Yeah, you can for sure We're cooking guys. I think we're done. I will put up my usual on the screen here So if you're not following lauren you should on instagram at the obsessive mind or go to the obsessive mind dot com, right? Yes, all of your stuff is certainly there. No problem. Yeah Tell us again where you practice though. What states can you practice in? I practice in california and nevada and florida and utah And I think fingers crossed soon to be oregon So where i'm waiting i'm waiting on the oregon board. So How do you have time to record with me? You must just be taking exams all the time It would seem that way a lot of a lot of life insured through reciprocity at this point in my career, but um, you know people move and I always am like Oh, I don't want to have to like it's a lot to go through having a new Therapist and all of that when you have an established a little relationship one with one rather Oh fingers crossed for oregon. Let's see what happens. So yeah, and uh, and if drew you wouldn't mind throwing up here Go over to the instagram at the dot anxious dot truth. No, it's the wrong. There we go. Um, and Also the anxious truth.com and and check out drew's podcast. It's awesome and his books. He's got great stuff Yeah, have you been on the podcast? I don't know if you have one one once I think yeah I can't remember. Yeah. Well, hey You know, I'm always going to come hang out and chat with you. I'm just sitting here waiting to hear from the oregon licensing board That's right If you're listening, thank you so much for Looking over my application All right guys, thanks for coming. We'll see you again next month. Yeah, as always Bye


Today we're going to take a look at the Magna Carta Mag 800 fountain pen and if you are a packaging fanatic wait until the end because that's where we'll actually show you the box and packaging. Magna Carta Mag 800 is the draw on this is the really beautiful vivid swirls of colorful resin but the second draw is that number eight size fountain pen nib. It is a stainless steel and it's branded Magna Carta. This is a cartridge converter fountain pen and it does come with a Schmidt standard international size converter already in the pen for you to use with any fountain pen safe bottled ink you'd like. This fountain pen basically is a power move pen design without the fuss. You just skip all the fuss with this one. For example it's got chrome plated trim to go with those vividly swirled colorful resins but that trim is only seen in the spring metal clip and then the really thin ring on the section. This pen comes in two different color options and both of them have really great color combinations that complement and contrast really well. The first pen we already looked at the color name is Castleton and this pen is called Marmalade and here's a look at both of them side by side and you can see that they do have some while they have some similar colors involved in their resin swirls they come off really differently. Okay and here's a quick look at the packaging used for the Magna Carta Mag 800 fountain pens that just arrived today. It's the same packaging you've seen with other Magna Cartas. They've got the black box with the black sleeve and then the black pen box and inside of that you'll find your pen in a plastic sleeve with your ID card where you can keep all of your vital information about your Magna Carta fountain pen handy. Here's another look a close-up of that beautiful resin and if you want more information about your Magna Carta fountain pens visit pinchley.com


Welcome to Toffy TV it is the match preview Everton Away at Brighton Hove Albion and this video sponsored by One Football One Football's app makes it easy to keep up to date with transferring new scores and stats. In one place to download the One Football app click the link in the description. So Brighton Away our last game of 2018. Yeah um tough place to go though tough little tough little team you know we're beating all right we're beating in this season but I think they've proved already that I'm at the American Express stadium that they are they're not a bad side. They've done a good job here. They've done a very good job there um decent side got a decent side establishing themselves now in the Premier League which is always difficult to do took them a while to get back up they had a couple of near misses but since he's got them up they've done well and you know they give us a even though we play quite well against us and they were still a tough game at times they were in the game so I'm expecting nothing different so what's the bid of the game against Arsenal um yesterday and I thought they were okay I mean the goal he gave away was schoolboy Sunday league defendants the goal he scored was schoolboy the gut yeah but I just thought for them to give Arsenal a delete that early by literally not just putting the ball through the the foot you know putting the foot through the ball even in the box just getting rid of it was ridiculous but um but the um gone in then you know what he couldn't won it and you know what you've just took the words out my mouth they did stay in the game they were one little band they were getting battered the keeper had to make a few good saves and they stayed in and they took the chance when it came and I think that's what this Brighton side tend to do they stay in games and no one ever seems to hammer them or you know really batter them they do stay in games and they're defensively they're a tough unit with Duncan and Duffy when one of them isn't suspended yeah the both back for the other game the heart and those two as well give you a tough time on set pieces as well I mean that's you know Gouldersen we we felt to you know a goal from a set piece which was really poor by us but you know we came out second half and we turned up the class a little bit and and obviously ended up winning the game three one with Charleston with a couple of absolutely brilliant goals in the game um which team was coming sandwiched in between yeah so it was a tough game that day it was a game we needed to win and we did and I suppose you know Saturday is it um feels similar you know just come off the back of a really good result with Bailey but to really make that mean like something we've got to go to Brighton and hopefully you know do not something similar don't expect us to go down there and get you know a victory like that but we have to go down there and show that we can go to you know any club and give them a game and hopefully get three points we've got to be targeting it as tough a game as it can be we've got to be targeting this three points if we want to stay up on the coattails at the top six you know whether that means signing an established seventh we have to win these kind of games Brighton will give us a tough game and it's a winnable game for them it's a home game you know and we haven't got a great record there so it's it'll be tough but again it's it's one you look at and think you know we've we've went to Manchester City and whoa whoa whoa we haven't got it we've played it once and then Brighton away in general um hold on now i think maybe our record's actually alright um it's it's gonna be a tricky game for us but you know we went to city and we missed chances when we lost the game and I'm rightly so um you know but we responded well at Burnie and we stuck fire past them and we'd be Brighton hardly enough two weeks ago one meal so we've just got to take our chances and if we do that and we played away we did against Burnie we can win the game I think every game this season I felt like we've been in it mm-hmm you know even this even this for an hour of the space game we went that's be honest but the first half are we were in it no the away games oh yeah every away game sorry yeah it's Christmas but pay attention I know every game no I said away game every away game we felt I felt everything in it and even the man city and we were in it there's no one is you know every game so we've got to go go to the into this one with that same sign of same kind of batting I'm sure we will I'm sure we'll have a go with them you know it's whatever the breaks are and you just hope that the breaks fall for us there was moments in the Bay in the game where if something had broke the slightly difference you never know how that would go even when we were three in a loop so I think hopefully we go there with the same attitude and you know have a real go have a real right we'll go at them well if we could if we were to go there and get a win you know six points in a few days is massive for the table and it picks everyone up and every one of all the blues going down there it'll be very different than it was walking off the ground off the Tottenham and if you can go down to to Brighton and get a result you know get a win have them be on 30 points on Saturday night you know it's it then you've got less the city at home on New Year's Day you're ready for you know you're ready for that second part of the season yeah because I mean the run now I mean we've come to the halfway stage of the season we've now got a run of games where we play people that well some are around us aren't they so exactly around us or below us and you think well these are the games that we should be winning for for our sake I mean I think we will win them same we should be winning for our sake you know you think it's we play city back in February that's like you know the next they're the next team above us who we face you kind of six above you know that kind of team so we had a nice little run now of games where we think there's there shouldn't be anything we I mean they're not in they're not tough games this will be a tough game less the city of course New Year's Day that'll be a tough game but you know they're all tough games it's about the little percentages and that's what we need Saturday one of those percentages is formed by form for us Saturday the goalkeeper Brighton's goalkeeper Matt Ryan Matt Ryan is not available he's going to the Asia Cup for Australia and he and they could just be that he was he kept them in the game against Arsenal and they went on got the got the go and got the point it could be something as simple as that have not having a absolute top-class goalkeeper which he seems to be made some great saves down there last season as well I remember and he made couple good saves in good as well he is a really top goalkeeper and it might just be that it might be one of those ones where you know instead of the keeper parming something away he palms it back into the path you know a little just little percentages can make the difference in these games definitely you know there's no we're not at the stage where we can sweep team that sounds mad I think just be barely five one but India know we don't we haven't been putting teams to the snow that we've been missing a lot of time so we're not a team like Manchester City where Brighton will be looking at it because they've not been like you said before they've not been whacked he lost their own narrowly to Tottenham he lost their own narrowly to Chelsea last week he just thrown the last you know we beaten three one I think he lost one a little bit of fuel or something like that so every games being that they've lost has been by one two goals maybe so they're not a team that gives a lot of goals up we'll have to watch them going the other way they've got La Cardia who's a threat they've got Glenn Murray who's got eight goals this season he's always a handful you know he's an old-fashioned type of centre forward he backs in buys a lot of free kicks which is dangerous because then they come up and the good and the although the goal of goodness and we can see there was a bad goal from our perspective it was a well yeah you know show up on to Soli Marti threw it in and dunk bullet the other in and it's something we'll have to really pick up on this is the reason why I think he may stick with the three centre backs of the weekend because you know I haven't yet he mean it and then Michael Keane drew with the big units they can cope with Duffy and Dunk you know or he should be able to cope with Duffy and Dunk so it's gonna be a real you know they've got players who can cause problems there's no question knock out the live replay you know they've the attack with you know with Gusto shall we say under Chris Hutan there is very attack inside as well so it's a game we can win but it's also if we're below par it's a game we could lose and it's about momentum I feel now whatever we've had a couple of defeats on the run you know we've lost three games in December you know starting with the ridiculous goal in the derby and it seems to set the tone for the gender really blue couple of home games at Newcastle Muffet so back on track with the barely win can we now do it it'd be interesting to see whether that formation does carry on from barely you know or whether it'll be slight thinking and do you agree with your three I think create the back just open I think against sides that you go and have a go at I think it opens up possibilities I think the fact that it leaves you two in midfield as creative players you can pick the ball up a little bit deeper and start working forward and having those three players centre forwards tighter together I think that'll that'll help the managers mention that Luchman after an ankle injury is trying to be assessed you know he said there's no one else really any problems he was talking very highly of Dominic Avalon in fact he was saying he wants more out of Dominic Avalon because he knows he's got more to give so we obviously looked at each start at the last three as near front so he looks at him and probably thinks you know well at the moment he's the he's the one I want you know he can with Charleston's an option whether it be left right or centre well I like about that formation I mentioned it in the final where it is it's that against teams that you think you can go and have a go at it frees you up a little bit and you've just mentioned some like Glen Murray or set pieces hopefully we've got three centre backs that we can rely on you know to deal with that and and then going forward we've got three forwards you can have a real real go and it might be a case that where Charleston comes in and if Don goes out or Theo walks out or whatever or Theo could even go central and then I could go one side with Charleston go the other and because the manager probably thinking yeah I'll start with Charleston against the last time and that psychology comes into it then personally I'd leave it I'd bring the challenge number half an hour to go again because I think I think don't be bored don't again with another another hour you know Bernard was exceptional don't take him off the team and welcome to this best game so don't mess with it too much look at the challenge and start and against Palliser Roman against Leicester Roman New Year's day fresh kick you know from the off I know what you're saying man is just trying to look and go well he did well against these last time and he did we scored arguably our best goal certainly the breakaway goal you know against from there from Brighton's corner didn't make the season with the Charleston for himself you can understand if he did but I just think me personally the only real if everyone's fit and the levels are okay the only real question man for me will be what you do with the midfield too are they good enough to cope with Brighton's too yeah probably you know the good in possession and then have Ghana you don't want to rush players back to Ghana because Ghana's vital to us so we need to be fully fit and then with Charleston if you can give him a little bit of a blow and reward there is a reward for Dominic Alvalune because I just think Bernard the way he played against Burnley he could tear these apart he's done you know that's the song goes because he really he's got that ability and he's so clever Bernard he buys he is peeing our ass in terms of way way buys time for himself and other players and then and he works so hard and then and wall cuts you know what this probably is best game for a while really against Burnley in terms of being a threat for a prolonged period of time so I'd be tempted not to mess with it too much but obviously Dominic's well he has to take into consideration the fitness and the well-being and stuff like that so with the with the less the game ahead as well and then after that obviously we've got to we can make a couple of changes I'm not I'm not taking that one so lightly the way they're playing at the moment but yeah it's it's a tough game it's you know but these are the ones we should be targeting for three points some stats last time ever money the last game of the calendar year when do you think it was well it wasn't last year and it wasn't the year before so I'm going to go for 2009 2013 we beat Southampton their own Le Carr Coon, James Scott, Dutch Creamer we won our last game the one we've I was thinking Tim Kaley we've lost one of our last five away against Brighton drawing the other two and one two Brighton won one of the last 11 games against Everton. Everton are without a win in each of their last seven Premier League games against South Coast teams. Drone three lost four that's time we won on the South Coast we beat Southampton 3-0 2015 August since the 2-0 home defeat against Leicester in March Brighton have scored at least once in their last 12 Premier League home games so there you go they are a threat they were out of clean sheet in the last nine Premier League games though there you go Everton are looking to win consecutive Premier League away games for the first time since September 2016 it's Coon's first season wasn't it because we were on the Sunday we won the first three didn't we and then that was it didn't we're gonna get all the first two and then didn't win again so one palace and that was it Everton scored five goals in their last Premier League away game but they scored in their previous six combined on the road. Everton won the final game which I've said that one after netting seven goals and I'm not going to say that one Guilty Shakers didn't score in his last two Premier League appearances one more goal will draw him level with Ida Gudjonsson 55 it'd be as the Icelandic top Premier League goals for the show we've got we've got players that can damage Brighton there's no question about it we really have and and they've got them I just want to see just want to see that level of concentration that we've seen on against Burnley that level of like you know when we need to look at longer than look at long when we need to play in the same way we're playing the same way everyone focused up you know and goalie focused everyone just having their heads on it and going you know what this period is about just getting through mind over matter seeing a game out because I just think that's it's mad because I think that's the kind of thing that those top sides have that other teams don't have that sometimes you don't can always put your finger on what it is and we've said this before and I don't listen we'll only know this out when many games are played but seeing space and getting beat by space so heavily could that be the catalyst for it to go do you know what load reviews need to just start and get in your head like Pickford's the number one I've been I've said it loads of times I said it after the city game that that being a ratic and and they're almost laughing it off or saying oh you know I'm so mentally strong well are you are you mentally strong are you too mentally strong that actually it doesn't bother you when you do these stupid things and make a balls up of things and I think at times players have to reassess and go you know what it's great that I'm doing this and this and this but what does it do in the game scheme of things if I just do this start getting me a dance you know what I mean it's I see it's like little things all the time when and I always say this it's like the amount of times I've got a son that I see players trying to keep the ball in play and it ends up giving the ball to them and then they did was one against Bailey Seamus Coleman that nearly led to them scoring and then did lead to them scoring and it's like you don't need to do get your head on the game and just put it down the line research and restart and it's like that I'm saying there's you need that all the time and that's what the top clubs have and who win things they have we saw a perfect example of that on Sunday with space I couldn't stay waiting afraid to just all the viral yeah most of the time they'll play but they're not afraid to just let it it's again get the reset get shape again and go I come again we saw a perfect mix from them they go short they go long the amount of times they went long from back to front and we're in behind just proves that it's great to do all that you know lovely passion football but the best teams mix it up Liverpool are perfect at it Liverpool are more direct than most teams you watch at times because you've got the patience the power to get in space you're doing it city and direct enough at times it's not just the best team no but the best team no when to go if you can exploit look at Brighton and Godderson they're two centre-ups and quick Duncan and Duffy they're not they're good at everything else they're good at winning headers they throw themselves in the way but if you can get beyond them they can't catch you so it's all some proof back with the third goal so then you've got to run out on the pace so run out on getting in but I think with the space one as well what I'd say about the space thing is you mentioned going long they've seen a weakness in our team and just went to keep doing that and these go practically nearly every goal of just going over the top and there's I've seen them doing that a few times they love that ball over the top the runners but when they would get it down so just focus on the game and just cut out the silly things and you know you can go back to the Manchester game with Mina Mina just lashing it into the centre of the park you don't need to do that content that is just purely losing focus on what you've got to do and I think just that will always come with young players or players that you know don't maybe enough fully in tune but there's nothing wrong with just the one about kicking it out really bugs me I see it all it's so are really unusually keep it in kind of keep it in instead of just going it's gone just it's gone just keep going well it was the last year I think picked for I can't think off the top of me but I don't really remember them being a rat show or a ratic or cost on us goals as such or put them taking too many chances last year but since you come back from the Wailco this year I'm not blaming the Wailco but I'm just saying whether it's a lack of focus or whether it's arrogant or whether it's cockiness whatever it is you know west of me now it's past the ball out it ended up not it's a bit of everything it's Liverpool there's been orders it's it's that idea that it's that idea that I'm better than other people that's fine and I've got no problem with that a professional football needs to feel probably needs to feel like that for his ego to to charge the confidence to push it out there that's great being mentally strong but it's it's just knowing when to do some things and when not to do things and and it's you know that's where it's like get your focus and those things will come automatically you know and well he did I think you're right against barely he did kind of seem to go just do your jobs because we've got some very very good footballers in our team so if they do the basic stuff everything else will take off right this is where training is so important because I noticed in barely as well the amount of times that you could see stuff and it was straight off the training pitch and it's just that muscle memory of just going bang bang third man running and people are doing and you know and then when people you evolve on that of course you do and that's where you see more technical side of things but the best teams will just it's it's just what we practice it every single day and then we it comes out on the pitch but that that takes focus that takes focus and dedication and and I think we've got to start seeing more I seen that in the Bay in the game and even though they're not a good side you know you to run away with the game away from home by that kind of score it needs that level of concentration that level of being on things and the level of you know we scored from that indirectly indirectly from three set pieces for our first league goals and that comes from just doing things right that's why I think on corners you know you just there's no you know we're so poor on corners because it's like well we'll just throw this one in and it's like no get your head on it get your head think about what you do that's why people like Brighton are so dangerous because they they're teams that spend the week thinking I'll come we score they were playing the difficult side this week I'll come we score right we'll knock her up to you know the front you're backing you win as a freak or a corner you'll work all day to do that and then let's be bought on the set pieces because that's something we can work on that's something that we can we can control repetition repetition repetition and if you do that you get a corner you have your nose what you do the signal the long the short people know what they're doing and balling and and there's moving we see that with the goal we can see that against Brighton and Goulderson there's a well way corner that they've worked off the 3 in grand because we're doing zone on mark and I'm getting very good at that stage they played it sure through we've changed the angle through with in and that's the goal that's where concentration comes in because you remember that goal feel woke up to not switched on doesn't go and charge the ball down which gives the lad time to put the perfect ball into a good header and that's what's saying to that concentration of saying in these games like I'm switched on at all times to make sure that if you place that shirt and there I don't let him put an easy ball in he has to beat me if he wants to put that ball then everyone gets a chance in the box to set themselves so and if you remember that game at that stage at 1-0 we've missed about four good chances to make it 2-0 you know and so it just felt like a kick and a punch in the gut because you were like we should have really took control of this game and that's what we'll have to be wary of hopefully three points um we'll see what happens you know whatever he picks whatever every side he feels is is capable of getting out there then then you know but I think this would be a good game and it'll be a good test for us and hopefully you know if we can get three points that'd be a real catalyst going forward then because you know it's been a bit of a dodgy month and you know one good one good win isn't really enough in December and it's also away wins isn't it yeah of course it's a bit confidence you know it's that was our second away win can we get our third away win because we play a lot of games away from home in the second half of the season that you'd look at and go we could win here if we could get up to eight away and they're the teams they're the games that get you to six or whatever I mean exactly it's like it's become slightly different now with the sixth position because of what's happened that you man United but we've got a we can only affect that by winning our games so it doesn't matter what they do does it no I know it's a bounce for us they've got the the social bounce at the moment but they've had favourable games when they have a couple of trick he wants them we'll see but all's we can do is win as many we've got to we've got to go with the R7 place trophy and make sure that we're solid for that and we only do that by winning the likes of this game let us know your thoughts in the comments are you confident who do you want to see in the side let us know thanks for watching if you haven't already subscribed please do click the bell for a later you know when videos come out if you want more great videos join us on page and we'll see you later


Every branch of human endeavor has its way of establishing truth. For example, consider the statement, the product of even numbers is an even number. A scientist might run an experiment. 2 times 2 is 4. 4 times 8 is 32. 6 times 2 is 12. These are all even. A politician may say something like this. 3 times 5 is 35. It's even. 35 is a very even number. And the mathematician would say something like, well, what do you mean exactly? Since our concern here is with mathematical proof, let's talk more about that. A mathematical proof begins with some assumptions, which we call the premises. It uses the rules of inference to derive other results and ends with a conclusion. Provided the premises are true and the rules of inference are valid, the conclusion is guaranteed to be true as well. This, however, begs the question, what is truth? Well, that's actually a hard question to answer, so we don't try. Instead, we approach the problem this way. A statement is a complete sentence that is either true or false. For example, 5 is equal to 2 plus 3. This is a true statement. This is a true statement. 2 plus 2 equals 5. This is a complete sentence. It happens to be false, so this is a false statement. Is it hard to prove things? This is a complete sentence, but it is not something that evaluates to either true or false, and so this is not a statement. We say that a statement has a truth value. This is true. This is false. A statement in mind is that it's not necessary that we know whether the statement is true or false, so the 500th digit of pi is 8. Well, this is definitely a statement, but I don't happen to know whether this is true or false. Likewise, you will get an A in this course. Again, definitely a statement, but at this point we don't know whether this is true or false, and in some sense mathematical proof is all about deciding whether statements like this are true or false. A simple statement is one that cannot be broken into statements. For example, the sky is blue. If we take any part of this, we don't get a complete sentence, and so no part of this can be broken into a complete sentence that has a truth value. This is a simple statement. Wow, this is a hard course unless you study. So if we take this sentence, we can actually break it apart into a couple of sub-sentences. For example, this is a hard course, or you study. And the thing to recognize here is that both of these portions can be evaluated as true or false, and so this can be broken into simple statements. This is a hard course. You study. That's no moon. It might seem that this is a simple statement, but in fact, we can take part of this sentence and give it a truth value. And we can do that if we drop the word no and do a little bit of grammatical correction, and so this statement can be broken into a simple statement. That's a moon. And this last one is important. There's a moral here. Yes, you can take things out of context. So for example, let's identify the simple statements in the sentence, what's a glurb of a grass it is quirty if and only if all of its fortechi are not squiggly? What's a glurb, grass it quirty, fortechi, and squiggly? Who knows? It doesn't matter. We can still identify the simple statements. And again, these simple statements are the shortest sentence that could be true or false, whether or not we know that they are true or false. So if we look at our sentence structure, it seems that this first part, the glurb of a grass it is quirty, that seems to be a complete sentence that could be true or false. And so it's a simple statement. There's all this other verbiage and then we get to the it's fortechi are not squiggly and that also seems to be a sentence that could be true or false and so it's fortechi are not squiggly seems to be a simple statement. But remember, not is one of those words that if we omit, we still get a sentence and we still get a statement. So in fact our simple statement should be it's fortechi are squiggly. We often join statements together to form compound statements and there are four basic types of compound statements. Suppose x and y are statements. Not x is a type of statement known as a negation. Both x and y is a type of statement known as a conjunction. Either x or y is a statement known as a disjunction and if x then y is a conditional. So for example let x be the statement 5 is equal to 2 plus 3 and y be the statement 2 plus 2 is equal to 5. Let's write the negation of x, the conjunction of x and y and the conditional if x then y. So remember definitions are the whole of mathematics. All else is commentary. If we want to write the negation, conjunction and conditional it helps if we know what these mean so we'll pull in those definitions. So the negation of x, well that's not x. So we might write that as 5 is not equal to 2 plus 3. The conjunction of x and y, well the conjunction is both x and y and so we might write this as 5 is equal to 2 plus 3 and 2 plus 2 is equal to 5. The conditional if x then y if 5 is equal to 2 plus 3 then 2 plus 2 is equal to 5.