Welcome to Toffy TV. It's the transfer show. It's starting to hot up, I think. In here? Because you brought another big lighting. It's starting to hot up in the transfer front. It's starting to have a few moves now. As players come back for pre-season and look to strengthen their sides for next season. It is told that the domino effect is beginning, isn't it? I suppose it's always going to be a quiet month. There was the nation's tournaments, and there's obviously the Afcon and the Copper America, and people having a break. I think with the Champions League final being so late, there's what was inter-dome, wasn't it? So players are away, and we've heard from André Gomez this week talking about his move to heaven, and he's like, I was on holiday, and a lot of players are doing that, aren't they? But now that the teams are all back, you're starting to see those deals come through now. I think people want to... The trend has been people trying to get players in earlier and earlier every year, hasn't it? You should be waiting the last bit to build up the yellow tie day on transfer and deadline day, but clubs recognise now it's better to get them in as early as you can. And the other thing as well I've seen and found, and I think we've both discussed it anyway, the money isn't as free... It is free-flowing, but it's not as free-flowing, if you know what I mean. It's not like people just splash it everywhere. People are waiting for that bit to come in so they can move their money to get that player. Teams wait for that money to come in before moving it on now, where I think, of seasons in the past, or certainly like five, six years ago, the money was just getting thrown anywhere early on, where now you seem to be seeing more teams, you've seen Barcelona shine, but we need to get to the very, very, very, very name before we can do that. That must be the... It must be FFP thing. It must be, mustn't it, that it's people are having to think a little bit more before they splash the cash on. Yeah, so... Supposedly on that point of view, that makes it more of a level playing field, even though it feels like it's only a level playing field for the top clubs. That makes sense. That's a way of making sure that Man City and PSU don't run away from everybody else, but it still feels only that it's at the top for those Champions League teams. It doesn't feel like an Everton could splash money and get themselves up there, so it still feels like the money's sloshing round the top, and then they'll go and buy someone from a team below, and then that money just splashes round the teams below, but I suppose in the great scheme of things, that's the way it's always been. It's always been a hierarchy, hasn't it? Yeah, it has, yeah. I think it's just... I think it's doing what it was meant to do, which is stop a team jumping five rounds up the ladder. That's what they want. They didn't want. They don't want that to happen to do they show. It's a case now, you can shake and navigate it by go planning and building your team, and as much as paying to me to say it, there's a team not too far away that has done that and planned and got where they've got. So that's the way that other clubs can do it, but you've got to recruit well, and that recruitment has to work. You've got to recruit the people who recruit well? Well, yeah, of course. I mean, from our club, we're seeing the effects of bad recruitment, aren't we, still? So it's about good recruitment, and that's what you're after there. That's what you've made there. Besides two players, haven't you? They've brought Roger Ian, who was one of the big players that was the player they were looking to recruit anyway. They've met his bio clause, £62 million, is it? Fifth biggest signing ever to come into the Premier League. So they brought him in, which was their number one target, really. I think Manchester City have got an excellent way of bringing players in before the player he's replaced has left the club. So there's a bedding period that allows the player in that position. In this one, it looks like, you know, Finodino would be that player. And he's still got a year, two years left, but they want to make sure that happens smoothly. Very much like when they bought Bernardo Silver into the club, basically to replace David Silver. David Silver was going to play his last year now. Very similar to that.  They know exactly how to bring these players in and when the time is right. Good recruitment, again, isn't it? Rixie Bergestine and people like that. They've got great people at the top. They've got a fantastic coaching, go out of the olive and everything. The symmetry running right through it helps them to get where they are. Of course, it helps having a big pot of money as well, but they have brought Roger Ian, Finan Dino's a fantastic player. He's waxed lyrical y bar am. He's the metronome for them, isn't he? And you're right, he's got a year. He's 35, I think he'll come up to being 35. So he's got a year, maybe two. But what it does is it enables, when he comes out of the team, that there'd be no drop-off really. Roddy's an excellent player. And I was telling you before that he was let go by. Athletic omens for being too small. He's six foot two now. He went to Villarreal and he bought them back. 62.8 million is the actual fee for him. And what it will do is in times last season from Manchester City and particularly over Christmas, when Liverpool built up that 10-point lead, Finan Dino wasn't at his best. I think he got injured as well. He had to come out when they were trying to replace him. Lost back to back games, didn't he? Well, he put, like, filtho. And it's not nothing to do with filtho. And filtho owns an excellent play, but he's more of an attack on the field. They were trying to mix that midfield together and they didn't have a natural replacement for Finan Dino. So that'll just help them strengthen.  Well, they let him go to PSV last summer and they bought him back for a buy-back closing, which is something I'm always looking for the evidence to do. They put a buy-back closing and brought him back, so... You know, they've seen the other player go away, maybe to play out when you let them go. Relaxes a little bit, rather than when they're on loan.  He's doing what we thought he was going to do, yeah? Well, that's the deep done, that.  I mean, he was 12 months ago over there, or deadline day, he was allegedly off to Wolves, wasn't he? And he pulled the plug himself and went to the stay and ended up winning the league and everything, you know, the treble, he was involved, but Angelino will be competition for him. He's also got Mendy as well, so they've got it. I mean, they have got a brilliant squad, but that's an interesting one, and off the back, I know you're going to know so much about athletics. Yeah, well, athletics are wasted no time. I've gone and brought in Xiao Felix. There's been a hugely, hugely talented young lad, hot prospect who's been talked about going through all the big clubs. The likes of Man City have been linked to them, a lot of the top clubs have. I think for £113 million... £113 million, yeah? £120 million euro, yeah? I get the fact that I get the feeling that probably put Man City off, because even though Man City spent a lot of money, they don't tend to overpay. It's not something they do. They have a valuation for something, and they stick to it. And they're good at that. So, for athletics, they're obviously using the money that they brought off from rugby, and other players they've let go this summer. They brought them in on a seven-year contract, 19 years of age. I mean, that's a huge deal. Everyone watched them last year, Everton. Watched them quite a bit, like you say, United, Watched them, City. I'm sure Liverpool will have watched them. It's a really hot prospect. One of those group of fantastically talented young Portuguese. Portugal, under 20s, are brilliant. They've got half a dozen. You look like fantastic talent, and he's one of them. I think you have 15 goals in the league for Benfica last year. He looks brilliant, he really does. The Premier League, the physicality of it, cos he's only slight. Looks like a young cachor, but he's really good. And going there is a bit of an interest on mommy, cos they're predominantly a defensive team, on the semi-own. Andy, they defend brilliant in a train. They don't attack, but he's creativity. But maybe they're starting to change, if they're Andy. They're also on the very... Well, they've already lost Griezmann to a point of me. He hasn't actually left, but he's announced these labels. So they need to replace him as well. I'm going to get over £100 million for him. So really, they're just... Who knows? Who can say? I mean, Griezmann's in his peak, but who's to say that...  You get the money you pay for Felix on Griezmann, and who's to say he doesn't replace him in terms of goals and assists this season? You know, it comes so short. And you look at him and go, well, he's 19, 20. Then you'll be like, well, actually, it's not... He looks like a top talent, doesn't he? You know, Griezmann's buyout, £108 million, I think. And he paid £113 for him. Griezmann's 2018-19. So if you look at it that way, they're paying £5 million for one of the hottest prospects in Europe. Andy, that if you're balancing it that way. And let's look over... They've always had a history of doing this. They always sell a player and then bring in a hot prospect to replace him. They're so good at that. They're always looking at the next sort of... Maybe not the player who's going to go right to the top at that point, but someone just in between, someone who looks at good talents and they bring them in, and they get four or five years. They've been doing this now for... 10, 15, well over 15 years, you know. Di fath o'n blyniad o ddechrau. Torres, Wero, Falkau, Coster, Griezmann. And it's just to be in a conveyor belt of when the players are ready to go and maybe try their hand whether it be abroad or whether it's the next step up they feel. They've always got someone to bring in. It's such a clever way to do it because we've had it in the past, all the teams have had it. You have a real, real good talent. When we had Le Cahau, if you sell on Le Cahau, you should be ready then to replace him with the next big thing. You've got money, so why not go out and try and get the next big thing? And Madrid do that and really... They've put themselves in a really good position through doing that. When they face older likes a Fernando Torres, or Cunning and people like that, they were trying on Falkau. The team was getting better each year as well, so they invested the money well in the team and built from it so that by the time they were moving players on they could replace with the likes of Griezmann, and that worked as a Diego Coster, and it worked well for the Maratas there now, of course. With everything we were trying to buy five players with Le Cahau's money, whereas if we would have been quite simply selling Rom and bringing another striker in for £50 million who's going to replace him, that's probably how it should have been, because your goals are vital, aren't they? And they've done it brilliantly, hopefully now with the mod Leventon they've got in, as they go forward and players whose value goes up on other teams. So it's Reteallas in two years, you know, big Barcelona or whatever, coming from at 130. Leventon hopefully will be hired up with a much better team and able to go right. We'll buy the striker over here for £60 million and we'll use that. And that's the way to do it. They've done it absolutely brilliantly at Leventon. It'll be interesting to see what they do as well, because there's other players who they're after as well, probably with the Rotary money. They need to. They've got a lot of players to replace, but I suppose you'd say, come a stance as well, this is in the Spanish capital. They've got a fantastic stage and they are the champions of the team. So they've got all that. They generally finish in the top four as well. I've got a lot of things going for them, which don't necessarily replicate certainly from our point of view, what we've got for us. The challenge is to do that, isn't it? I mean, look at Spares and look what they've done in terms of being an all-so-ramp but saying, well, we want to get within the elite. And that's what they've done and they've become a huge attraction now. They've actually splashed the cash this week. Yn Dambelle, he's come in from Leon, which is exactly the kind of player I think they need to go forward. Yes, another one. A lot of clubs have looked at this scene. Fantastic talent, 21, big. Box-a-box, can be improved and improves them. Gives them a bit more energy and power in that midfield. They've had powerful midfielders, haven't they? They only tried. Erich Dair in there for the strategy but he's just more of a stopper. They've had one jammer. Way to a certain extent. Yn Dambelle, he can carry the ball a bit more like Musa Dembelle, you should play for them but with a bit more defence. It's a bit like one jammer on Dembelle. Mixed together almost and he's had a great aid. So it's, I think, a fantastic sign for them. It's something they needed. You know, they brought, Jack Wallace as if. I'm going to forget his name. He brought Jack the young winger from Leeds as well. He's gone back on loan to Leeds. But they've been the first two players. They've signed since the 18 months. They brought Lucas Moran in from PSG. So they've bared at the time but he is a very, very good player. It'll be interesting to see what they do. I still think there's still a couple of holes in that. That squad where you look at it and go, you're still an excellent side and he will make them better. But the real issues are Kane has been injured now the last few seasons. I know they've got son who's brilliant but when Kane goes off the side he hasn't really replaced them. He's slightly changed it last year and used Moran and Son and it worked to a certain extent. But over a period of time I just don't think there's gooders the two teams above them at the moment but Dembelle will certainly. Do you need more where-class players or more champions-ly class players in this squad who can start something to it? Simply as that, isn't it? It's just the better players. Some of them are just players who have a similar level. Deli Alley goes off the team, who replaces him.  He really has gone off the boil and he doesn't know what's happening with Ericsson. Rwy'r gael yw'r warhathwnswyd he's a fantastic sign on for them. He's the type of player that you'll be buying as well. Really, really good sign on for them. And obviously another Premier League big move. Newcastle have had a bit of a nightmare on the last week. He's obviously gone off the door to take over was apparently by some fella in his bills in Nottingham. And they've sold Ayos Peres for £30 million to Leicester. Rondon, they're not taking the option up one. So he's gone back to West Brom. They've now lost their other striker in Ayos Peres. £30 million is the new £10 million. But saying that, this lad got 12 goals last season for Newcastle who didn't create a lot of chances or two against us. He's got really good movement this kid.  And a Brendan Rodgers can get it out of him. That could be a very astute piece of business for Leicester. Fadi's another year older he will slow down. There was times last season it looked like he'd had like five goals till Rodgers come in and or till even after Christmas in a good run when Rodgers were well it will have been on it till Rodgers coming then he finished the season with a flourish and Peres will give them that ability to be able to play wide as well so I think it's probably don't forget Aukazachis just left them as well so they were light up up top really. And in the atio after his amazing miss to stop shift to make sure he won the win. It's hard isn't it? You've got to get your head down these figures now it's when you're 18 in the ring but we paid 18 in the ring for Balasi so a couple of years ago. I paid 25 it was never getting to 30 because we were never going to do what it should be. Still 25 now. So this guy this lad scored goals in the Premier League and he'll only get better I think He's only 24 or 25. It's not a bad piece of business Leicester obviously could be losing McGuire as well Man United and Man City apparently wants them but Leicester wants around 90 million for them which although it sounds daft from their point of view you can understand why they don't want to lose them The age of Van Dijk 18 months ago went for 75 million This lad's got four years left of a contract which he was happy to sign last summer which he would have known the minute he signed it made his valuation more Apparently he wants to leave the club which he probably might feel this is his big chance now at the right age to go to someone I mean if he went to United he'd go straight into the team if he went to City I'm not so sure if he would go straight into the team but he'd certainly have more of a fight and I don't see Man City paying that kind of money for him, I just don't Man United yes Will City wna pa i 75 a Van Dijk with the shoulda done would be very different I'm standing now from the Premier League Yeah listen Is McGuire worth anywhere near that not for me, you know my feelings I think he's a decent centre back people have overrated massively in my opinion but that's the way it is I understand why United probably won him he won a big rock in the centre of their defence and an English player as well for routers and everything and you know City ni'r centre back di do ni'r centre back when some company's gone out the door I think there's much better value in Europe than what they're doing but then Harry McGuire is much better Salabè is one of them I think City though might be in a situation where what we spoke about before because they didn't necessarily have a replacement for companies straight away and they've got good centre backs but they won another one and the fact that he's already playing in the Premier League has been for two or three seasons now means that you don't have that adjustment period No I mean he could go in and he'd probably improve them and he'd improve as a player because obviously they're an amazing side so he'd make them better of course but like you said I don't see them paying that money unless they offered John Stones or Leicester I don't know I think he'll start playing more games personally If they got McGuire John Stones isn't getting him because they've got the port he's amazing, he's left footed they've got Adam Endie who plays who pep likes and they'd have McGuire so Stones would be four to eight centre back they play enough games for him to get games of course but he's gone for them was supposedly going to be their main stay centre back to third but it's an interest of mine for him I think Brendan would love to have him at Leicester wouldn't play in centre back but I don't know maybe Evan will get him back doubt it No Lots happening in Italy especially around Juventus into Milan both of these have put well I mean instead of in the Champions League going to start throwing around they already brought in golden from that's what we did on a free chance for them I'm trying to get Lukaku in 90 million for McGuire or Gordon for three It's the eight though isn't it It's the eight but anyway yeah I'm trying to get Lukaku in now for well for less than United Pay for them which is incredible they're trying to get him on loan for two years and then pay which would stop everything getting our money that we'd get from him a Cardi could be going to Juventus to help pay for it because into Milan can't pay for it without him leaving and he wants to leave anyway or he certainly had issues over his contract and didn't play last season nor his wife had issues well I think that could probably start to with him there's a lot happening at Juventus Rabio's gone in there Adam Ramsey got officially announced they've just brought Buffon back for a year and he's got a clause in his contract that says he has to play eight games because if he plays eight games in the league in Italy he'll become the all time appearance record holder he'll take that from Paolo Maldini so he'll take that so that might be one of the reasons why he's gone back there to be honest he's still better than Chesney he's obviously he obviously felt like it he wants it that time away I mean the thing about Paris Saint-Germain was he went there, played a few games got well in with the Cataris and he would be like a Catari ambassador when the World Cup comes around that's what you do isn't it it is a merry go round obviously Rabio's a fantastic sign but I mean UV with Rabio's mum a Catari's missus is going to be a lively place we've also got the prospect of the Lick on to the event which hasn't been sorted out yet I mean it's taken him as well and a Catari, they're becoming they're top heavy but they're also becoming a super team but they are and this is what he wants when he's bought Ronaldo with them but now they're like the magnets to bring these players into shape to other people that number one it's not financial fair play obviously they might just say well we're doing a role in one summer and next season we'll have a lean one but if they get a Cardi and he needs to get LeCachu then this Moise Keane situation becomes I think it becomes very very interesting because he's going I think he's going to leave the eventers personally because I don't see where there's any room for him and financially the eventers are going to have to sell somebody his dad apparently said he wanted them to go to Inter Milan Inter Milan ain't buying him not the muscle they haven't got the financial muscle to bring them in so I still think Moise Keane could end up at Evan and I know that people are pying the sky but if you connect all the dots if there's real interest from Evan and you connect all the dots they'll lead back to the Premier League and if we're interested and we've shown interest then that play will suit what we need I think Braiola wants them to come here as well I think Braiola's got whether people like it or not and we all know our feelings on him he's what he is isn't he but he's got a good relationship he's also Marcel Brands' agent isn't he he's got a good relationship with Farad Mashiri and he's the one apparently who has said he wants them to go to Everton and he said that in Italy like you know it could happen with Evan so you're right I mean if you went to get a Cardi and according in the Spanish press today sorry an Italian press today he's very close to the very close sign in him which means they'd have a Cardi de Bale, Ronaldo, Manzuchach and then Moise Keane he'd be fifth choice striker but he'd be fourth or fifth choice striker and he's not going to get game time especially because they've got 37 midfield players you know when you look at their midfield players Cadeira, Emre, Cian, Adam Ramsey Brabio Bentacare, they're just five off the top of me Ed who do all play centrally for them so they've got too many players so really they're like you could see Moise Keane coming to Everton for a couple of years they'll be probably a buyer by closing it maybe and you're right the more it's a merry-go-round between those teams so if a Cardi does go there that frees up La Carch we've seen La Carch who's aging yesterday in Milan so he come out well there you go isn't it but he come out yesterday and was like well instead of just going to make the bid now once I'm going to do the bid that's it it's done so once that's done then La Carch who goes there Moise Keane all of a sudden becomes available more so so you're right you could end up with he could end up with at Everton with Raiola and you know suppose the selling thing for him is this is a club who are ambitious to try and build a new stadium but my other client Romululew Lgyrch went there for three or four years and then the next minute he was on another level you go there and score goals for a couple of seasons, you'll have all the top clubs after it again so they talk to us then to again we say it all the time but Foreverton, it's up to us to grow with the players so the decision isn't as easy then has gone well, I'm going to do a one or leave one now because we're doing things here so it's dead interesting Ydi'n cael ei chael. Mae gennym iawn yn ei wneud yn ymwneud i'r gweld. Rwy'n gweld y methu i'n ei ddeithasig du, yng Nghymru, dar comigo i'n dweud â Ben Fficir i ni'n teimlo iddyn ni yn gwyme. Roeddín gynydd. Roeddwn ni'nnych i ddau i'r rhan o Ffilyr i'r hanfer. Roeddwn ni'n gwneud i ddweithiaeth yma yn 25 ym 1, felly byddai'n bobl o'r sân ond a'r rhan o Gwanaethau, a hwn mae 38 golu i'r rhan. felly byddai'n gole. And they've brought them in for 20 million Euros actually. They've just brought it in to Benf lobepoes, up half full of golds in next summer mann city and be linked with them and something. But that's what it is isn't it? That money is getting sloshed on hand and people are waiting on going with this money for this sale, I'm buying and buying. And we've also seen this week off깃 они, just before we finish. I mean there's a hard stuff with Arsenal. They offered 40 million. I still think, we spoke about this on another show, but who's going to be the, who are they going to sacrifice while the talk was of the day that they put a price tag on a Bamiang of £57,000, and if that's true someone's definitely going to take a brisker on him because I think for £57,000 you're pan, you're not going to get your money back on him. But if he leads you to trophies, then he's going to score goals, he's going to score goals, he's 30, but... Mw fad i still not going to win a 34, 33, there's no 33, so he got a Bamiang for three seasons, with the £57,000 and he got you three four because he scored a lot of goals. You know me, you like it, you take it, you know. Oh yeah, I'm going to say that, I'm going to wish you a book. If you would you rather have me on my screen? In? You should have done that, done the reddy bit. Distance, instinct, goal scorer. Yeah, yeah. Anything else? No, not really, because everything else is still bubbling with a lot of stuff isn't it, you know, you're looking at it. We know Liverpool signed a young lad, Dutch lad didn't need the end of the back end of last week, he looks a prospect. United have obviously won besachar a Matt James, but they, but no Bruno Fernandez agents flew into England apparently to tout him to a few teams because I think they thought United had snapped their hand off at £70-80 million. United haven't done that, so that one's going to be an interesting one because he's been linked with quite a few clubs as well. Wolves are trying to get, Wolves are buying a defender, I think, for £30 million, but that hasn't gone through either yet.  There's a lot of things that are in transition at the moment, but... There's only a month left. Well no, that's why, well everyone's back now aren't they, so that's why I think over the next few weeks we'll probably have a lot more to talk about. I think one thing now, this show is a lot better than four fellas sat round like this. Oh my god. I had it on for three seconds before this morning, it was at Srosius, I had to turn it off. It was at Srosius, nearly was. That's sky for you, that's hands. Tell us who you think is a good deal, who you think is a bad deal. The medical round that has a big gun, give us your thoughts in the comments, give this video a big like. Subscribe if you haven't already and if you want more great videos, live videos. Join us over on Patreon, we'll see you later.


In 2009, Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus announced five aggressive energy goals. The goals include reduction in the consumption of energy and an increased use of alternative energy. The purpose of these energy goals is to improve our combat capability and decrease our dependence on foreign oil. One of the five energy goals is to demonstrate and then deploy a great green fleet. This includes both ships and aircraft using alternative sources of energy, such as nuclear power. Our ships and aircraft will use multiple energy conservation measures as a part of their deployments throughout 2016. The Great Green Fleet is named in honor of President Theodore Roosevelt's Great White Fleet, which demonstrated America as a global power on the world stage at the beginning of the 20th century. The Great Green Fleet ushers in the new normal in which our Navy values energy as a strategic resource, maximizing energy efficiency, and cultivating multiple sources of alternative energy.


The Lagos State government has released 11-day program for the inauguration of Governor Babajideh San Waluu and Deputy Governor Obafemi Hamzad for the second term. In office, Lagos State Commissioner for Information and Strategy Ben-Ga Mottosho while unveiling the program on Friday said 11-day event would hold from May the 21st to June the 4th. He said San Waluu administration has fulfilled the promise of a greater Lagos in many areas through the delivery of several live impact in project social investment on the people as well as economic development of the state. Mottosho who is the chairman media and publicity subcommittee of inauguration committee disclosed that the project commissioning will take place in eight local government areas of three consecutive day from three days May the 24th to day five May the 26th. Four years after the promise of a greater Lagos has been fulfilled in many areas of our life through the delivery of several live impact in projects social investments in our people as well as economic development of our state. The social contract between Governor San Waluu and the people of Lagos has never taken for granted as chairman of the media and publicity committee to brief you on the week-long activities that we have lined up to celebrate this gentleman who have performed excellently in office in their first term with the promise of an improved performance with a greater Lagos rising. We are the following events. There will be a public lecture to be delivered by Professor Adi Gunakberje the former deputy vice chancellor of the University of Ibadan. The topic will be the making of a background Lagos and the consolidation of a democracy that works for all. There will also be a book presentation and photo exhibition. Day three, four, five will be for commissioning of various projects in Nigeria, Rome, Belgium, Alimo Oshawa, Ikeja. There will also be a project commissioning at the following locations Koshofa. On May 26, 2023, there will be a project commissioning in Aetiusa on Lagos Island. Lagos, Maryland, Asurulere. So you get notified about fresh news updates.


Hi everyone, good morning again. So today I'll be talking about incremental program authorization, and this is joint work with Omkantpani. So since this is the first talk in the authorization session, maybe I'll start by recalling a little bit about the notion and the definitions. So the goal of software authorization is to make computer programs unintelligible, but without affecting their functionality. So let's say you have a program P written in your favorite programming language. You would like to obfuscate the program so that this obfuscated version works just like the original one. So you could execute on this obfuscated version on your computer just as you could have executed the original program P. But I want this obfuscated version to hide the secrets that were embedded inside the original program P. So defining what it means to hide the secrets turns out to be rather tricky. And sort of one of the first efforts to define this formally was done by Barakatol, who defined this very natural notion of obfuscation, which they call virtual black box obfuscation. So this notion roughly says that an obfuscated version of the program leaks only whatever could be learned from the input-output behavior of the program P. In particular, if I give the obfuscated program to an adversary, then whatever you could learn from this obfuscated version, you could learn the same things from an oracle that implements the same functionality. So this is a very natural notion that Barakatol defined. But unfortunately, this turns out to be a bit too strong. And there are impossibility results showing that this strong notion cannot be realized in general. So you cannot obfuscate arbitrary programs satisfying the security notion. There are positive results in the case of restricted programs or functionality, specifically that we know how to obfuscate point functions with VBB security. There are some recent results which achieve such strong security properties as well. One point I want to mention is that if you were to restrict to certain idealized models, in particular where such as the generic multi-linear map model, then we can indeed realize VBB security for all circuits. An alternative weaker notion of security, which is very commonly used, is the indistinguishability obfuscation notion. What this notion says is that if you have two programs, P0 and P1, which are functionally equivalent, by which I mean that on every input, the two programs output the same exact output, then if I was to obfuscate one of the two programs, the distributions of the obfuscations are computationally indistinguishable. This notion has recently gained a lot of popularity. And we have general proper construction of obfuscations satisfying the security notion, at least plausible candidates. It might seem like if I'm trying to obfuscate two circuits that already implement the same functionality, what am I really trying to hide? It might seem like a weak notion. But there's been a long line of work that suggests that this notion is indeed very powerful and can hide cryptographic secrets inside programs. And a number of applications have been demonstrated. The strongest formal justification comes from this work of Goldwasser and Rotlem, which says that this notion of indistinguishability obfuscation is, in fact, the best possible obfuscation. In other words, whatever this notion hides about the program is the best that you could hope to hide. So with this background, let me move on to the motivation of our work, which is in the case of software updates. So if you ever use the computer, which I assume all of you have, then you've all used software which got updated. And these updates are released for many reasons. So for example, there might be a bug in your software that's fixed, or it could be a security vulnerability that exists and needs to be patched. Or you might have bought a software which comes with these locked features. And you're trying to, you paid to some service provider to unlock that feature, or you got the key from your friend, to unlock that feature. And you're trying to use that feature, and that now needs to be unlocked. So for any of these features to work, there would need to be a patch or an update that will need to be applied to the software that you have. If you were doing the same thing in the obfuscation setting, so let's say you had the program that was obfuscated, and I wanted to apply an update, what it would translate into to apply any update, the person who gave you the software will actually, if you used known techniques, you will have to generate a fresh copy of the updated program and give it to you. So typically on your computer, when you apply the update, it's applied locally, but if you were to use this in the case of obfuscated software, the person who provided you with the software would have to re-office the fresh copy and give it to you. And this is a problem, and this is what we want to change in this work. In particular, as I said, the updates are typically small, much smaller than the size of the program that you're trying to update. And we want the update time to be proportional to the time it takes to update the un-offuscated program in both the communication and the computational code. The guy who is updating, his work should be less. The communication that happened should be small. And the amount of time you spend updating software at your local end should be small. The obfuscated software at your end. Especially we want this to be independent of the program size, more the low polylog factors. This is something this is not completely new. This notion of incremental cryptography has been well studied. There's a lot of work on the topic. For example, in the setting of hashing, digital signatures, or deterministic encryption. And this is sort of inspired by this line of work. So the key point I want to drive across in this talk is the definitions that we've provided. I'll talk about some of the constructions that we have towards the end. But I really want to drive across the definitions that we have, so I'll go over them first. So before I can tell you the definitions, I need to have some modeling of how we define an update. We define an update, think of any program it can be taught of as a string. I'm going to define an update by a set S, which is a subset of the bit locations. If the program is of size n, it's a subset of 1 to n. And for each bit location in this set S, say I, we're associated with the function fi. Where the function fi could be the flip function, where you reverse the bit. It's a set function. Could set it to 1, reset set it to 0, or do nothing. In this case, you might not have included it, but you can include it there as well. So this is how I'm going to model an update. And note that this way of modeling an update makes sense for the un-office-cated program, as well as the office-cated version. These are the bit locations I want to change, and this is how I want to change. That's all this modeling is specifying. Now let's say I, as a server, have a program p. And I want to give you an office-cated version of this program, o of p, which I denote by p prime. When I provide you this office-cated version, I'm going to keep an update key locally at my end. We'll require this update key small. I just want to keep it with me. Whenever I want to later update this office-cated program that you have, I'll get as input a set S, which describes the increment that's being done on the un-office-cated program p. And I will use an oracle access to the office-cation of p prime. I didn't say that it's an oracle access because I don't want to touch every single bit of this office-cated program p prime. I'll use the update key and output a subset S prime of the locations of p prime. Along with the associated functions, I'm not going to write the functions every single time. Just every time I just say an update set S, it implicitly also means there are associated functions. So I will generate the subset S prime locally, and I send you the set S prime. And now you can, on your end, update the office-cated program. So this is how we're going to model the updates that are being done on office-cated programs. So what is the correctness and efficiency properties that we want here? The correctness property that we want is that the office-cation p1 prime that's obtained by you applying the update on your office-cated program implements the same function as p1, which is the updated program on my end. So in particular, if you have p and p prime is the office-cated version of p, then after applying the update S on p, if you get p1, and if you compute the update, as I described on the last slide, you got the set S prime, you could apply the update S prime to p prime to get p1 prime, then this p1 prime implements the desired function p1. And we want this to work for arbitrary polynomially many updates. I apply an update. I found that software doesn't need one update. It needs a lot more updates. So I apply an update, and I send the update to you. Now you're done. I have a next update. I want to keep doing this in arbitrary polynomially many times. And I want that for every single update that I do, the computational cost on my end and your end and the communication cost is proportional only to Pauline S and the security parameter ignoring polylog factors. And it's independent of the number of updates I provide. So if I'm providing the 10th update, it will, again, depend only on the number of changes that I'm making in that step. So if I'm making the first updated changes n bits, then I will send an update that's proportional to some polynomial in n, making the second update which makes far fewer changes, then I only need to communicate correspondingly fewer number of bits. So what about security? So now with that modeling in mind and the sort of definition and the efficiency properties, I want to define what security are we seeking? So there are several notions of security, in particular two that I'm going to talk about now. Let me start with the basic one. So the basic IIO security, which stands for Incremental Indistinguishable Office Cation, security is that if you have two equivalent programs, p and q, and you have a sequence of updates, s1 to sd. So these are unofficecated programs. And I could apply the update s1 to p and get p1, and then s2 get p2, and so on. Or I could apply these updates to q to get q1, and so on. I'm in this case assuming that the same update is being applied in the two cases. So that's a starting point. We'll get rid of that later. So I'm going to apply the same update in the two cases. And I require that after every update, the two programs remain functional equivalent. So the functional equivalence property holds forever when these updates are applied. Then I require that if I was to take offcations of these programs, then they together remain computationally indistinguishable. Note here that this p1 prime is not a fresh offcation of p1. It's also obtained by updating p prime. So this pp1 prime will differ from p prime in a few number, only a few bit locations. So on p2 prime will differ from p1 prime in a few bit locations, and so on, which will all be proportion or polynomial to the changes that are being made going from p to p1, and so on. Specifically the size of the sets s1 to sd. So this is the basic notion of security. And as I said, here we were restricting ourselves to applying the same update to the both programs. This might seem artificial, because if you have a program with two implementations, you're probably going to apply different patches. You're not going to change the same bit location in the same way. And not just in terms of having a restricted functionality, it also has security consequences, because if you're applying a patch, this definition will leak the locations that are being updated, or also in what way they are being updated. And that might, if you're applying a security patch, that might already leak the vulnerability that's there in the software that you're trying to protect, which could be bad as well, against other pieces of code out there which have not been patched so far. So to account for that, we define a stronger notion of security. I won't define it formally, but sort of as a very natural extension of what I defined on the previous slide, is that we would like to define a notion where you can apply a different set of updates. You still need functional equivalence. So if I apply an update to p1 or n to q1, those updates themselves could be different, but the resulting programs need to be functionally equivalent. Furthermore, if the updates that I apply are roughly the same size, then we want to argue that the computational indistinguishability, as was on this slide, still holds. So that's the stronger, what we call increment private IIO, or increment private IIO security notion. So the reason why indistinguishability obfuscation has been that useful is because this, as I mentioned before, is sort of the best possible notion of obfuscation you could hope for. And we wanted to understand what is the best achievable security in the case of incremental indistinguishability obfuscation. So are we really achieving that, or there is a gap? Towards that goal, we define in the paper, again, I won't do this formally in the talk, but we define this incremental best possible obfuscation. It's sort of analogous to indistinguishability best possible obfuscation definition. And we're able to prove that the increment is sort of a result analogous to the relationship between ION best possible obfuscation, that the increment private IIO that I just defined on the previous slide is actually equivalent with the increment best possible obfuscation. So it sort of provides some evidence that maybe this is the right definition to work with. And so we use this definition and we sort of think that it's a good one. So now that we have our definitions and the model in mind, let me tell you our results. The first result is sort of on the negative side. Note that I didn't talk about a VBB security in the context of incrementality. And the result for there is, again, negative. And in fact, even for sort of as simple as point functions. Here the problem is that if you even have a point function obfuscation, and if you're trying to obfuscate a point function and then later trying to update, let's say I was trying to obfuscate an n-bit point function, and I want to update n bits of it or 100 bits of it of all the entire point function. Then in this case, achieving VBB security is hard because the size of the update already leaks the number of locations that I'm updating the point function on. So there's this sort of inherent tension and even the sort of weaker notion, even for this special functionality of point function, we're not able to achieve any kind of meaningful incrementality. And the issues are sort of similar to the prior works on incremental deterministic public encryption. More specifically, we're able to prove that VBB or VGB obfuscation of point functions must have an incrementality which is almost as close as to the size of the function. So this was sort of a deviation. Let me come back to the positive results about the two notions of incremental obfuscation that I defined. The first result that we have is for the basic notion of IIO.  We can construct basic IIO for all programs, and you can have them as circuit, tuning machines, or RAM programs. We can also upgrade the security. Once you have the basic IIO, you can upgrade security to incremental private IIO, additionally using oblivious RAM techniques of Goldreich and Astrosky. Again, this result also works for circuit, tuning machines, or RAM programs. And so this is the positive results that we have. So finally, I don't want to go into details of it because it gets messy, but just to give you some idea of what kind of techniques that we use, especially because I think that they might be useful in other contexts. In particular, they could help simplify something else that you might be trying to prove. So the techniques might be useful. And before getting into the details, I want to note that obfuscation inherently is a very incrementally updateable primitive. So if I want to make it updateable, what I'm going to do is I'm going to separate the obfuscation part of it with a sort of a universal circuit obfuscation thing, and the program that I want to obfuscate separately. So I can update the program incrementally, and sort of the two at execution time can be fit together to work. So let's see how that works. What I'm going to do this is I'm going to do this via a general-purpose obfuscation and a standard public encryption. And I'm going to use an incremental signature scheme, which is going to be an incremental hash, think of the Markle hash, with special properties, and a Nizik proof system. With some properties, it's special, I won't go into sort of detail, but it's going to serve as sort of a signature here. So the construction idea is it uses the two key trick. I'm going to think of the program as a sequence of N bits, p1 to pn. I'm going to encrypt each bit twice. So using two separate public keys, pk and pk prime. So e is going to be the collection of the encryption of the bit of pi under pk, and e prime is going to be the encryption of the bits of pi again under public key pk prime. Then I'm going to just hash the two together, and I'm going to sign the root of the hash. So this might seem similar to other construction that you might have previously seen, but the key aspect here is that this Nizik needs to be independent of the sizes of these ciphertexts. It needs to be small. In particular, it will depend only on the hash of the Markle tree rather than the entire tree. So that's sort of the key difference from similar things that you might have seen before. And the obfuscation itself is just going to look at everything that I generated so far, the ciphertext, the hash, the tree, the signature on the root of the hash, and an obfuscation of this program g, which has the public parameters for the Nizik and the secret key for the first public key encryption scheme hardwired. And what this program does, it takes everything as input checks if everything was done correctly. So it checks whether the x is the input you're trying to evaluate it on. It checks whether the Markle hashes generates a Markle hash here. Checks if s is the valid signature on it with parameters pp. And then if it is a decrypt e, using secret key sk that's hardwired, gets p, runs p of x, and there we go. Note here, the key difference, as I pointed earlier, is that the obfuscated program has sort of nothing to do with the actual program that we're trying to obfuscate, which is a part of the ciphertext. And these ciphertexts can be incrementally updated. And that's where the update algorithm comes into play. I have the ciphertext, the hash, and the tree. To update the ciphertext, I only need to update the right locations, then change the root-to-leaf paths for those locations, and sign the root again. So that's all the update looks like. Since I'm running short of time, I'm not going to go into detail the proof idea, which you can look at the paper. One thing I do want to mention is that the hash function, you can't use a generic hash function. We have to use an IO-friendly hash function, specifically the somewhere statistically binding hash. So just some proof ideas, which you can look at the paper for that. Finally, I want to say that there is possibility of future work here. One aspect is that we only get a selectively secure notion of security. So in particular, the update sequence needs to be known before for the indistinguishability hole. It would be interesting to improve the stronger adoptive security notion. We consider specific kinds of updates. You could think of more general updates, which instead of looking at subtits, look at more general updates, which might increase the size of the program and things like that. Finally, I want to also mention a related work on patchable obfuscation by Ananth et al, which also looks at this issue of updating software or updating obfuscated software. But the two directions are fundamentally different, because they consider a larger class of updates. But the running time in their case for the update still grows with the size of the program. So they don't reduce the computational cost on the side of the recipient who's trying to update the obfuscated program. So you can refer to our other paper for details and comparisons and so on. Thanks.


in the first game of the amount of pitchers you had to use for Cole to come out like that and perform just what impressed you the most? Yeah. I thought his stuff was really good. You know, what I think it would impress me, though, is, you know, he got into the 60s there in the third inning.  It looked like at one point in time he came off the field and said to you, well, do whatever you want. Were you considering not putting him back out there? Yeah, he was at 105 after six. So I was considering, I felt like we could, you know, I felt like we could piece it together, but also felt like he was sound and thought about it and sent him out there. And, you know, I thought he was on fumes at the end there, even with Celestino, where he got the punch out there, but just a big time effort for us. IKF had a big hit in the first game to tie things up in extras. Clearly, with Grantslam in game two. What looked different about his at bats or his approach at the plate today? I don't know. I mean, it comes down to getting pitches to hit. And I think that's that's one thing that embodied this game. I mean, you saw up and down the lineup, a lot of really, really tough at bats and then two big swings with with guys on base with with Isaiah and with Hicks. But but I think the amount of quality at bats from everyone in the lineup put us in that position.  So I think that that grinded out as a as a whole. I think eventually netted us some mistakes and and Isaiah and Hicks were really able to take advantage. Randy, it couldn't have been easy for you. For Isaiah here and that he was going to lose playing time and then go into third base and for him to respond to that the way he did and go out there today and and kind of help an offense when you have very few regulars in there. Does that kind of show you about the kind of guy is? Yeah.  And even when I had a conversation with him a week ago, you know, he's just I want to win. I'll do whatever whatever we need. And, you know, today was whatever we need. I thought he made a great play down there and that might have been was it in the first game on a backhand at third base, handled everything well down there, though. And and obviously came up with some huge hits. And that's what he's done all year. He's been really good with runners and scoring positions and in big situations. You know, he's got great bat to ball skills. And tonight he was able to really elevate one. Justin, right. Aaron, was there anything in particular that Garrett did to fall into that better group after the third inning? Um, I don't know. I thought he did a good job of dictating counts all night. And I thought he made some quality pitches when he needed needed to on three two, I kind of felt like he had his stuff from the get go actually.  And then they just kept making them work and they kept extending the ending on them. But I thought, I thought he kind of had his stuff from Jump Street tonight. Back to the middle. Aaron, what does it say about your team and organization? We're able to sweep a double header from a contender with so many regulars out, you know, that's, we talk about that from, you know, day one and spring training, you know, when we're sitting in that room that it's going to take a lot of people and maybe even some people you don't necessarily expect that are going to play an important role at some point during the season.  And I think we're seeing a number of guys that, you know, look like, you know, they, they want to take advantage of it. And they're talented players in their own right. And, uh, today was a really good day for them. What do the Cabrera's and Parazza's and Floral's and Weissert's bring to the room in terms of demeanor and acceptance by the older guys when they arrive after not having been around them since months? Well, I mean, they're all different. Everyone's different. You know, you know, I think, I think our veteran guys do a really good job of, of making, whether it's somebody from outs, from another organization that comes in via trade or whatever, or somebody coming up from the Mayan Leagues for the first time. Um, I think, you know, our leaders do a really good job of making them feel at home like they can be themselves right away. Um, I think that's always been something I've noticed since I've been here and something that's important to me. Um, so all those guys you mentioned are all a little bit different. Um, you know, all young talented players. Um, but I think they're able to be themselves even though it always looks like energies lacking during the losing periods. Is there anything to be said for the youthful and enthusiasm when they arrive and just energy? Sure. I mean, I think any time you get, um, you know, but I think performance helps that a lot.   Um, you know, Flo getting some traction today. Great bun. Smoked a ball the other way.  Um, you know, those are things that I think create energy when young talented players come up and play like they belong.


It is interesting to understand and see continuous interactions between land on one hand, and then the complex land crisis land issues and climate change impacts, especially coming from extreme events. And because in the cases where we're working. There is a demonstration of multiple interests of land. But the multiple scale that is household and city scale and national level. The response is also different, and that is very much informed by the value system, which informs policies like voluntarily voluntarily resettlement and relocation. In other ways, that's a lot of communities that are living in informal areas. Continuously exposed to these click stream climate impacts, and they temporarily voluntarily relocate but still come back, because of course the value of the interest more like access to improvement and even access to health services, whereas for public institutions, once there is a risk assessment and vulnerability assessment, the policies usually the response to either resettle or relocate. And the interplay of that, as a response to climate is very much mediated by the complex land in your system in the places like in Ghana where I've been working. So these issues are quite interesting and important to inform future policies, and it will be great if you join the land conference this June to hear more, and then we can also have much deeper discussions about land crisis and climate challenges. Looking forward to seeing you.


I've never seen a pretty Trump supporter, and if you're offended, you should be because you're f***ing ugly.  Let me show you what you're missing. Pair it. Balls. So question of the day. Has anybody actually had a logical conversation with anybody from the left, or is it always insults and name-calling? The reason I ask is because I don't think anybody from the left understands that to have a debate, you have to have facts. And that, right there, is a fact. So it's become a trend to hate on pick-mes, and if we're gonna do that, I think it's time that we recognize the most notorious group of them all. And that would be the white liberal.  They even express so much self-hatred for themselves, to groups of people who already hate them. The saddest part about this pick-me story is that, no matter how hard these white liberals pander, and they sure try, they're never gonna get picked because all these people hate them. It's a real tragedy. Because your boyfriend's a b***h. Personally, I just find it to be so ridiculous when girls try to say that men should have no opinion whatsoever when it comes to the legislation for abortion. Yes, men cannot biologically get pregnant, but believe it or not, a lot of dudes happen to have empathy for unborn babies, too. And do you really mean to tell me that because of someone's biological sex they should not have the right to vote?  Give it all then and gone. We probably thought I was a liberal. So, I was talking to my mom the other day. She said something that made me really think about the state of affairs of North America. She said, wait for it. I'm ranting to her about how you literally can't think or say a thing these days that I get uncanceled or in trouble. She's like, oh, that was normal in the Soviet Union.  I'm sorry. Is our people paying attention to the fact that someone who used to live in the Soviet Union is comparing this society to the Soviet Union? Just let that sink in. Somebody who used to live in the Soviet Union is now comparing this society to the Soviet Union. Well, we've really done it now, folks. We've canceled our way and woked our way up into a freaking full-on speech control, man. I don't have a lot of time to go ahead and make a long, explicit video on this topic, because unlike some of you motherfuckers who are just sitting at home waiting for the government handouts, some of us have to get back to work. But I want to show you real quick what Castro did to my country and what you beloved universal healthcare looks like. These occurring images of what socialism and universal healthcare truly looks like. Take a very close look. Look at how the elderly is being treated. The hospitals are saturated and there's barely no rooms because the rooms are in poor conditions that they cannot even put patients inside the facility. What do we have here? Well, they're transporting an elder woman in a wheelbarrow to the hospital because there's no ambulance or available transportation. And this lady's being brought to the hospital in a wheelbarrow. These are buses that have been turned into medical mobile office to be able to take in patients that need oxygen treatment. I have a lot more information to share about what the true face of socialism, dictatorship, universal healthcare looks like. These liberals and democrats do not have an understanding what they're getting themselves into, being that I lived through all of that for 19 years. So I know what I'm talking about because I lived through it. I'm not just secondhand Cuban that was born in America and don't know what she's talking about. No, I lived through it. I lived through poverty. I lived through communism. My neighbors are liberal democrats and I was talking to their six-year-old yesterday. She told me she wants to be president in the United States. So I said, well, if you were president of the United States, what would the first thing you would do be? She thinks for a moment she's six and she says, well, I would give the homeless people food and homes. And I said, that's an amazing goal. But you don't have to wait until you're president to do that. So I tell you what, come over to my house. You can pull weeds, mow the grass and rake my yard. I'll give you $50 and then I'll take you to where the homeless people are and you can give them that $50 and they can put it towards a new home and food. She thinks for a moment because she's six and she says, well, why wouldn't the homeless person just come over and do the work himself and you can pay him? And I just looked at her and I said, welcome to the Republican party. Her parents just glared at me and they're still not speaking to me. Hey guys, got to thinking. Anytime you read something that says state funded or federal funded in your mind and allowed, change that to taxpayer funded. We know that it's taxpayer funding, but we need to start saying it and reminding ourselves that because what it will do to you, because I've been doing it over the past 48 hours, it will start to build an urgency for change because you realize all of these state funded programs and federally funded programs are your tax dollars that you are earning by working. So start thinking about that. I was just reading an article that a man in Florida who's a well-known homeless man that performs on the streets and it shows a sad picture of him that he's going to be back out on the street soon because he's been living in a free hotel for the past six months funded by the federal government because of COVID. Okay, if he can dance and perform on the streets, he can get a freaking job. Might not be the best job, but he can get a job. So just start reminding yourselves that and reminding your friends and family that too. Remove state, remove federal and put in taxpayer dollars. There isn't just a wicked witch in the Wizard of Oz. There's a wicked witch of the United States. I'll show you.


and I can't tell you how and how in lovely country, federally, provincially, think of you all and protest in prohibition 420 on April 20th is the biggest mass civil disobedience I shouldn't be calling arrested and convicted and now I stand before you as a convict and a criminal in the eyes of the law as criminals we should not be, we shouldn't have shame we shouldn't be demon of freedom you are the people providing cannabis access you are the people breaking the law because unjust laws be criminals and Mr. Trudiment you cannot continue to make this illegal but they're trying today there are eight offenses under the law for cannabis under the cannabis act, the legalization bill C45 there will be four cannabis offenses under these new penalties some maximums go from 7 years to 14 years so if you're 19 and you pass a joint to someone who's 18 you could be facing 14 years in prison that is not legalization that is not what we've been fighting for we're not saying we're here to give kids pot even though the evidence shows curing children if they're suffering and helping babies and children be relieved of their pain and their epilepsy cannabis saves lives cannabis does not hurt people cannabis heals people cannabis is the tree of life it's the medicine that heals our being the crime not this not 420 not the cannabis community so please even though we know legalization in need to see it is not the freedom it is not the justice it is not the equality or the inclusivity that we deserve everything here today will remain illegal under the legalization law that is unacceptable so everyday dispensary operators cannabis growers the providers the educators the advocates the patients the people you are the ones who are making change happen you are the ones who pressured Trudeau to sneakily say he was going to legalize it because he needed to do it to shut people up because we demand legalization but we demand real legalization not the reason


Now, Roma Wines, present. Suspense! Tonight, a thing of beauty starring June Dupre. Suspense is presented for your enjoyment by Roma Wines. That's R-O-M-A, Roma Wines. Those excellent California wines that can add so much pleasantness to the way you live. To your happiness and entertaining guests. To your enjoyment of everyday meals. Yes, right now a glassful would be very pleasant, as Roma Wines bring you... Suspense! This is the man in black, here for the Roma Wine Company of Fresno, California. Tonight, in the absence of Ida Lapino, who was prevented from being with us because of illness, we are fortunate in being able to bring to you as star the actress whose performance in the RKO production, none but the Lonely Heart, has recently won her an award for one of the ten best of the year. Miss June Dupre. Miss Dupre appears tonight in a drama of crime and passion and punishment, as unfolded in a narrative of a celebrated actress of yesteryear. And so, with a thing of beauty and with the performance of June Dupre as Madeleine Tremaine, we again hope to keep you in suspense. I think we shall just miss the storm if we hurry. What a sumber place, isn't it? Well, it gives us inclusion, and that's all she's ever asked for since she came here. That and what little spiritual comfort I've been able to give her. How long ago was that, sir, that she came here, I mean? Eight, no, no, nine years ago in March. But it was long before that she left the stage. Oh, she was nearly ten years in an institution.  Though it's not her mind that was ever sick, unless I'm mistaken. I do say she's a bit on the eccentric side. Oh, I don't believe in gossip. You'll be her spiritual advisor soon enough when I have retired. And I want you to meet her without prejudice. And one day I'll tell you what I know, which is little enough. And what I have reason to believe, which is more. Oh, it seems we'll just about escape the drenching. She lives completely alone, her, the one servant, that's all. Oh, Father Bentham. Oh, Suzette, this is my new curate, the Reverend Mrs. Sedley. We are here to see Miss Tremaine. Really, does she know you are not alone? My good Suzette, I haven't any idea. But you might leave the scene out of the rain while you so inform her, if you will. But if very well, come in. In the study, I will ask if mademoiselle is able to see you.  She knows Miss Tremaine's been seeing me every fortnight at the same time for nine years. There's a picture here. Isn't it of her? Probably. My words, she was a beauty. Your father could have told you she was a legend of two continents.  Is it true, sir, that she sees no one but you? As far as I know, she has never set foot outside this house in all the time she's been here. Nor has she ever had a single visitor beside myself. Why? I think because she hopes that somehow, someday, a man of God will help her to find peace. And she doesn't care to face the world until she's found her. Mademoiselle, we'll see you now, Father. In her parlor across the hall. Oh, thank you. Well, Father Bentham, come in. Come in. I do hope you don't mind my receiving you in the dark. But I have a mortal dread of light steering a storm. Not at all. You'll find two quite comfortable chairs just there by the window, I think. Oh, thank you. Madeline, this is my new curate, Mr. Sedley. Oh, yes, Mr. Sedley. It's a great pleasure, Miss Tremaine, to meet such a famous beauty. Even in the dark. So you've heard of my beauty, of course, Mr. Sedley. You know, as you came in, I was looking at this little gold mirror. Engraved on the back of the words, a thing of beauty is a joy forever. Ah, Keats. Yes. Oscar gave it to me. He said it was a magic mirror. Was that Oscar Wilde, Mr. Mane? Yes, dear Oscar, dear dead days. Ah, I suppose you've already heard all the wild tales of my lurid past, Mr. Sedley. Oh, no, Mr. Mane, I assure you I... I don't believe that Father Bentham has ever caught me in a reminiscing mood had been father. But since you will one day be vicar here, Mr. Sedley, perhaps it would be better if you heard the truth from me. Mr. Mane, don't think I... Oh, the truth is wild enough. It all began, I suppose, when John Gaylord got me my first speaking part. That was far too long ago to tell. John and Nell Garrett were the leads in my part. Well, it was one of those obscure little parts that no one pays any attention to until some obscure little actress comes along and makes a start of a career with it. It was then I first experienced what will always be to me and all the range of human feelings, the supreme exaltation. When you hear the full friends and applause of an audience, for you, for you alone. Thank you, John.  The fool? I've told you to play the part down, but it's getting worse and worse. Tonight she's absolutely furious. She's going to make trouble for you, Madeline. Oh, trouble, what kind of trouble? You don't know Nell Garrett. But I know my audience, don't I? Oh, Madeline, you're so young and foolish and so beautiful. Why, thank you, John. So terribly beautiful. Oh, John, now you're leading up to it again, aren't you? Madeline, this play isn't going to last forever. Even you can't keep it alive much longer. Why don't we make plans together now? We could have our own company. There's the great John Gaylord and Mrs. Gaylord. Of course not. In a couple of years you'd be as famous in your own right as Nell Garrett herself. Perhaps I don't want to wait a couple of years. Besides, John, I... I don't love you. Do you love anyone? No, but when I marry, it will be you and up and coming up. She can't let you get the pair, is it, you know? Some of you must know where she is. You're in for it now, Madeline. So there you are, my fine miss. Curries, Miss Garrett, she's made no harm. No harm? She has merely ruined my entire last act curtain for 29 consecutive performances, hoisting her skirt clear above the ankle, ogling the stalls like a music hall Gretchen. Well, it's only because it's a kind of a part. Who is it? Well, as long as I play the leads in this company, I will not have my best speech in the whole play utterly ruined by rowdy applause for the gutter antics of a huff-baked ingenue.  And while we are on the subject, Mr. Gaylord, there are a few points I should like to discuss with you. When you help Miss Tremaine down from the swing in the second act, there is no need for you to keep your arm around her during the entire remainder of the scene. Well, really, Miss Garrett, if you can no longer hold either your audiences or your lovers... Oh, no. Nell. Kill you for that, Nell Garrett.  The theatre and walked aimlessly out into the night. My eyes blinded with the tears.  For I knew that Nell Garrett could ruin me with every theatre manager in London. And I knew she would. How long I wandered through those misty streets or where, or even what I did, I shall never know. But just as dawn was breaking, I found myself by some odd twist of fate passing by the lodgings of John Gaylord. On a sudden impulse, I climbed the steps to his door. Hello, John. Did anyone see you? See me? Come in. Where have you been? Just walking. Oh, good Lord, alone? Yes. Why? Don't you know? Yes, John, I'm afraid I do. My career... Your career?  John, what's the matter?  Dead. Murdered. John. Police have been looking all over London for you. I've been expecting you here, expecting them here any moment. For me? Of course for you. Me?  Why wouldn't they be looking for you? No. Madeleine, listen to me. Listen to me. Where did you go? What did you do? Didn't anyone see you? Didn't you talk to anyone? No, no. You've got to tell them something. What can I tell them? Because if you don't, John... They'll hang you here, Madeleine. I've been trying to remember something. Someone will love me enough to at least say that they were with me. In there, quick. The bedrooms. John... Don't worry, I'll tell them something. Hurry. Coming. I'm sorry to rouse you with this early hour, sir. It's quite all right. Come in. You are Mr. John Gaylord? Yes. Of the Queen's Players Company, Dury Lane? Yes. Can you tell me, Mr. Gaylord, anything of the whereabouts of Miss Madeleine Tremaine? Madeleine Tremaine? Yes. Why? Did you call me, darling? Oh, excuse me. Who is this lady, Mr. Gaylord? Well, who are you? I am from the police, Madame. Police? There has been a murder. Miss Nell Garrett of the Queen's Company was found stabbed in her home last night. Nell Garrett? Yes. Do you know her? Why, of course. I'm afraid, Madame, that I shall have to ask you for your name. I'm Madeleine Tremaine. I'm so sorry that you find me somewhat in disarray. Miss Tremaine, I'm afraid that I shall also have to ask you to account for your whereabouts after you left the theatre last night. Very well. Mr. Gaylord can account for my whereabouts. Well, Mr. Gaylord? Why, I... You see, Inspector, it's a rather delicate matter, because since I left the theatre last night, I have been here. Is, uh... Is that true, Mr. Gaylord? Yes. Oh, I see. Is that satisfactory, Inspector? Well, yes, yes. Well, I don't think I need trouble you any further for the moment. I quite understand your position, Inspector. It's a... It's a terrible, terrible thing. Yes. Well, good day to you. Good day. Madeleine. Yes, John? Madeleine, you shouldn't have done it. They'll have the scandal all over every newspaper in the city. Scandal is better than a hanging, isn't it? But they must have been some other way. Now they'll tear you to shreds. They wouldn't have you in anything better than a music hall for the rest of your life. John, there won't be any scandal if... If what? John, it wasn't just my tip with Nell Garrett that sent me wandering through the fog last night. I was thinking about something much more serious. What do you mean? I was thinking about what you had said. What I had said? John, perhaps I don't really love you yet, but there's no one else. And you're the kindest, finest man I've ever known. Madeleine.  Madeleine, I love you more than anything else in the world, but I wouldn't have you marry me for gratitude. I wouldn't marry any man for gratitude. Madeleine, if I were to tell you that I wasn't here last night either, that I couldn't explain my whereabouts. Oh, I see. Would you still marry me? Yes, John. I will marry you. Tonight for Suspense, Roma Wines are bringing you as star Miss June Dupre, whom you have heard in the first act of A Thing of Beauty, a radio play by Robert L. Richards from a story by Elizabeth Heaston, tonight's tale of suspense. This is Truman Bradley for Roma Wines, and I should like to tell you about a most interesting woman who extracts all the simple pleasure and happiness possible from living. She is Elsa Maxwell, International Authority on Hospitality. She offers you some friendly counsel. I'm always telling people to take it easy, as they say, to be moderate and natural and at ease. And so, obviously, I suggest the enjoyment of a glass of Roma California Port after dinner or during the evening. It's also very smart to serve when friends drop in because this is one of the most glorious of all wines, richly fruity in flavor, with wonderful deep red color, utterly delicious. This is simple enjoyment, easy and restful enjoyment, moderate pleasure that helps you feel calmly at ease and so happier. Don't bother about special glasses. Just use whatever glasses are convenient and enjoy your wine. You really should act on Miss Maxwell's suggestion. Roma Port as all Roma wines is the best that California's magnificent sun-ripened grapes can provide. In glorious flavor, color and aroma is unvaryingly good, always enjoyable, protected for you by the ancient skill of the noted Roma wineries located in the choicest vineyard areas of California. Yet, all this delight costs you only pennies a glass. Remember, more Americans enjoy Roma than any other wines. Roma, R-O-M-A, Roma wines. And now it is with pleasure that we bring back to our soundstage Miss June Dupre as Madeleine Tremaine, who resumes the recital of her brilliant and stormy career. It is a tale told to clergymen in a darkened room, a tale well calculated to keep them and you in suspense. Shall I continue, gentlemen? Oh yes, please do, Miss Tremaine. It's completely absorbing. Indeed it is. Really. I hope you don't mind the lights turned off. It's the storm. I suppose perhaps I'm a sort of elemental creature, but I always love to sit here and have it dark when it's stormy outside. Not at all. Well, then, our marriage was a very happy one. Perhaps not entirely a high tradition of grand passion, but a sorely comfortable civilized relationship until something happened which is so often a tragic feature of wedded life between two stage personalities. For the first two seasons, John and I always played together. Then managers began to ask for me alone. What could I do? I was young and just reaching the peak of my career. John was past his prime and popularity, so at last he no longer even tried to have a career, but lived along on false hopes and idle dreams and tiresome reminiscences.  It was very difficult for both of us. And then, for me, came the time and opportunity that every actress dreams of. I've got the most wonderful news. The most wonderful, wonderful news. Thank you, Madeline. I'll tell you about it later. Yes, John. Come in. Where are you? In here. Oh, good heavens. Now what? I thought I'd keep it a secret until I had my first exhibit, but I couldn't wait. I've taken up etching. Etching? Yes. Look. What's that? You. What? It's only the carpet plate, of course. You see, the whole principle of etching is... Madeline, look out! Oh, what's the matter? Almost nothing over that vat of nitric acid.  Well, must you have that sort of thing around? Of course, that's the whole thing. You see, your sketch simply scrapes the wax off the carpet plate. Then you drop it in the acid. Well, that's very interesting. Yes. Well, what happened in town? Anything? Anything! Everything! Got some plans, huh? Anyone ask for me? Oh yes, everyone asked after you, John. I told them you were well. I mean, I thought there might be a couple of decent plays for a change. I might consider something... John, how are you on Romeo? Romeo? Yes. You see, Maxwell has finally asked me to do a Shakespeare repertory and high time, by the way. And I'm starting in Romeo and Juliet. Madeline, why didn't you tell me Romeo? Always be a sensation and it's just the thing I need to... But now, John... Oh, all right, take off a little weight brush up on the lines. I've done it before, you know? Yes, John. Oh, Madeline, you're the dearest wife of the best friend a man ever had. You know, lately I've actually wondered sometimes if you might not think I wasn't... Oh, darling. Now, John, don't count too heavily on this. I'm not quite sure yet how things are going to work out. Work out? How else can they work out? But perfectly! Very well. I'd like to begin reading here at home.  You don't want to make too much of them. After all, the scene really ends when Juliet leaves the balcony. But you can't just throw them away, Madeline. Those are famous lines. But John, we mustn't think so much in terms of lines, as of performance. Excuse me, Mother Musee. Mr. Alexander Duncan is here. Oh, yes. Show him in. Yes, Mother Musee. Alec Duncan. Is that young ham coming around for? Well, John, I've been meaning to tell you... No, Madeline. Hello, Alec. You know my husband. Why, yes, how do you do, Mr. Tremaine? The name is Gaylord. Oh, yes, of course, Mr. Gaylord. Well, say, aren't I the luckiest fellow in the world? Are you? To be playing Romeo opposite Madeline Tremaine? Why, Madeline, when I got your cable, I could hardly believe it. I jumped on the boat without even packing... Is something wrong? John, I've been trying to tell you, but I didn't want to hurt your feelings. It's all right, Alec. John, please don't make a scene. I had to have someone to rehearse with until Alec got here, and I knew he wouldn't be the slightest help to me if you thought... Oh, John, why must you make an issue of it? Madeline, I've always known you were the... a thoughtless, selfish woman. But I never would have believed that you could do anything quite so vile. Oh, day, you speak to me that way. You didn't really think that a man with a 40-inch waistline and a double chin could ever play Romeo, did you? Why, you... Oh, I say... Get out of here. Get out of here.    Why, get out! You better leave, Alec. Oh, yes. I'll go and apologize. John, I want to talk to you. Be careful of that acid, Madeline. Acid? John, I... I'm terribly sorry for what I said. It was beastly of me. Oh, it's quite all right. Oh, John, I knew you'd see it that way when you came to sing. Because, you see, I am going to play Romeo. Oh, John, must we go through it all again? Madeline, I've forgiven. I've forgotten. A lot of things since we've been married. I've pushed you out in front. I've given you the spotlight and watched your regard for me become somewhat less than that of a servant. If so, much more than for your dog. But this, if only for my self-respect, I will not allow to dangle before my eyes the thing that I've wanted most in all the world, except your beauty that I gave it up for. The thing I've been wanting so much, I didn't dare admit it to myself. And then to have you snatch it away from me. No, Madeline. Waste lines and double chins can be concealed. But I mean spirit never. There's one thing you can do for me, and you will.  You see, I haven't always... I've always known that you married me to save your career and to keep my mouth shut. But there's one thing you haven't known. Where I was the night Nell Garrett was murdered. Where were you? I was at Nell Garrett's home. Well, that explains quite a number of things, doesn't it, John? Madeline, where did you get that gun? I always thought that someday I might need one. Madeline? Don't come near me, John. Madeline, very well. I warned you. You monster, you beautiful, terrible... John! No! No! See, as he sank to the floor, he hurled a bowl of acid at my face. Oh, it was a frightful thing. Of course it was self-defense. I was never even brought to trial. Particularly when I told that it was he who had killed Paul Nell Garrett. But I suffered a complete nervous collapse. And I suppose I've never really recovered. And yet Providence always seems kind enough to leave something to be thankful for. Even in the worst of tragedies. Because not a single drop of acid ever touched me. I suppose if it had, I should be horribly disfigured to this day. Have I bored you, Mr. Sedley? No, oh no, Mr. Mann. Well, Madeline, the storm is almost over. I think we'd best push on. Must you? Well, but excuse me for just a moment. Of course. My word. Poor woman. Yes. I say, look here. What? It's a mirror. It's not a mirror at all. It has a picture pasted in it. The photograph that's in the study. Poor Madeline. Father Bentham, Mademoiselle would like to speak with you a moment before you go. Oh, oh, very well. I'll only be a moment here, Sedley. This way, Father. Thank you. Ah, Father. Well, Madeline. You may turn the lights on, Suzette, as you go. Yes, Mademoiselle. So, that is your young curate, Father Bentham. Yes, yes. Do you like him? Oh, he seems a dear boy. But... But what, Madeline? I am afraid I can't see him again. Madeline, why? Because I don't want to hurt his feelings, and it would not be the same. You have been my only true friend in all these years. And when you are gone, I would rather be alone again. I'm sorry, sir, but Mrs. Stoets is outside. Her little girl is dying, and when she heard to her, here she... Oh, go away. Madeline. Go away. Both of you. Come, sir. Poor Madeline. It was too much for her. Yes. Oh, she killed them both, of course. The woman and her husband. I think I always must have known it. All these years, she's lived and lied. Yes, but that's not the lie that's hurt her. It was the acid. Acid? Didn't you see her face, sir? You forget, my boy, that I am blind. She has no face. And so closes a thing of beauty, starring June Dupré, tonight's tale of... Suspense. Suspense is produced, edited, and directed by William Spear. Probably no woman alive has been hostess to so many famous and distinguished people as Miss Elsa Maxwell. This is what she says about Roma wine. When you entertain friends, you do everything you can think of to add to their enjoyment. And that is why I say, when you serve your guests Roma wine, you not only delight them, you also smartly and genuinely flatter them. These delicious wines add so much to hospitality, and to enjoyment of everyday meals. Yet it's such a simple, easy addition to the joy of living, so wholesomely moderate and so inexpensive. Miss Maxwell gives you good advice. Enjoy Roma wine regularly. It's California's finest, always good, unvaryingly fine in flavor and quality. Remember, more Americans enjoy Roma than any other wines. Roma, R-O-M-A, Roma wines. Next Thursday, same time, Mr. Keenan Wynne will be your star of... Suspense! Presented by Roma Wines, R-O-M-A. Made in California for enjoyment throughout the world. This is CBS, the Columbia Broadcasting System.