The challenge of the Yukon It's Yukon King swift as a strongest lead dog of the Northwest Placing the trail for Sergeant Preston of the Northwest modern police in his relentless pursuit of lawbreakers Gold gold discovered in the Yukon a stampede to the Klondike in the wild race for riches Back to the days of the gold rush with Sergeant Preston and his wonder dog Yukon King as they meet the challenge of the Yukon Dave Fillmore's gang had become notorious from the time they pulled the bank job in Skagway and headed north into the Yukon territory Fillmore was a big man with bushy eyebrows and a scar across his temple and he didn't take the trouble to conceal his identity In fact, he was inclined to boast of it such as when he started his gang with a bank robbery in Skagway He had approached the head of the bank in his office that day What is it you want money that's what banks have plenty of don't they I don't understand To apply for a loan maybe you'll savvy this What's the meaning of this means I'm going to get money and plenty of it You won't get away with this the armed guard out. I'm not alone, mister You can tell folks later that Dave Fillmore and his gang paid you a visit again My men are standing around out there just waiting to bust this place wide open. You don't do just what I say What is it you want me to do? I'll hold this gun in my pocket, but pointed right at your back. See You walk out there and fill this satchel with cash from the vault First false move and you'll get a bullet my men will blast everybody you got working in this dump I'll get moving Under Fillmore's leadership the gang managed to get across the border into the Yukon territory Then as they moved northward along the Yukon trail They left behind them a series of crimes Robbing whenever the chance presented itself and resorting to murder when necessary Their boldness increased to the point that upon reaching white horse. They entered the express office in broad daylight All right, ma'am get busy and clean out the safe a Week later sergeant Preston pulled rain in front of mounted police headquarters in Dawson city Come along good morning Morning Paul Understand the inspector wants to see me. Yes. He does sergeant He's been asking for the past two days when you get back from 40 miles. I see that's why we sent to your cabin So early this morning after hearing you'd arrive during the night must be something important Inspector in yes, and he said when you came and you were go right to his office fine. Come on Morning inspector. Well, so I can press it. I'm mighty glad you finally returned from 40 mile. Sit down. Thank you, sir What is it you want to see me about? Do you remember the handbills we received from the states on a fellow named Dave Fillmore? Yes, sir Fillmore was the leader of an outlaw gang big man bushy eyebrows scar across his temple Rob the bank in Skagway, I believe I see you still retain that remarkable memory of your sergeant Thank you, sir However Dave Fillmore is still leading an outlaw gang the gang managed to get across the border and herded up the Yukon Trail I see It's Fillmore and his men have moved northward They've left behind them a series of robberies and killings They finally become so bold that they pulled a robbery at the express office on Whitehorse Happened about a week ago. They murdered the agent there. That is serious. It certainly is I understand that they've headed towards Selkirk. I want you to go down there sergeant see what you can do Yes, sir.  The sooner you leave the better. All right inspector I'll head for Selkirk right away. Well, good luck sergeant and goodbye. Bye, sir Well, do our best to trail the Fillmore gang won't we King? Come on The name Dave Fillmore came to mean violence and robbery as Dave and his gang moved farther north Then one day they entered the cafe in Selkirk Reach all here. What's the hold up?  All right, Dave. Come on boys You ask for this I'll teach the rest the other day Fillmore means business. I'll get on with your work West. Let's get away from here The constable looked up from his office desk when a group of excited men hurried in Again, just help the cafe and shop the Jackson Jackson dad here the leader was a number named Dave Fillmore And that's right a big man with bushy eyebrows Fillmore I in his gang are responsible for a lot of crime south of here He has a scar along his left temple. I already have a description of him. How many were with him? Oh four others I got my horse and try to travel.  Want to posse? I'll go alone right now. I find their hideout. I may call on you folks later After leaving the cafe Dave and his gang headed south from town and then took a branch trail that led to a shallow creek They rode along the water for some distance then again took to a little used trail The men had ridden in silence But after they left the creek west Dave's right-hand man spoke think that ombre you've plugged is dead Dave What if he is west I hear the monies don't give up on a murder case here in the Yukon Ah, stop worrying. We covered our trails, didn't we? Yeah, sure But they'll have your name and description sure, but they have to catch me I'm smart enough to see that they don't It's up in this territory a year ago, and I know my way around Well, we heading for where we gonna hide out. I got a cousin Bell Brown who owns a two-room cabin up this way Her husband's in jail, and she hates mounting. She's staying way up here alone for he's got a claim that pays a little Bell's just as tough as a man for some cash. She'll be glad to hide us out for a while So let's get a move on When Dave and the gang pulled up in front of Bell's cabin she came out to meet them Oh Fine well For these hombres with you friends of mine were running from the law So we came here to stay for a while you get paid for putting us up. It's all right with me Let's make yourselves at home. Well, it's sure nice of you Bell. Yeah, sure. I hope you're covered your trail Well Dave those Mounties are plenty smarter trailing when we took to the creek for a stretch to throw off anyone who might try to follow us Just the same you ought to send a couple of the boys back into the creek to watch just in case Yeah, it's a good idea West take one of the boys and ride back to where we left the creek and watch for a while. Yeah, all right, Dave You come on with me Joe, right?   I'll I keep him covered. All right I got it. Yeah, we'll take him back today. All right get going you along that trailer Wes and the outlaw Joe took the constable to the cabin where Dave and Belle were waiting All right, Bonnie get inside and make it fast.  So what of it? I didn't ask him to come here, but Dave's kin to me and when he brought his men here I took him in that means you'll be arrested with them Belle Who's gonna arrest who around here? That's a good question Belle looks like the constable isn't gonna do it down right He isn't I hate Mounties all of them for what they did to my husband Well, I was grabbing them ought to make him feel good then bill You picked up our trail and was heading this way. You make sure nobody was following him. Yeah. Yeah, don't worry What's more no one will miss him when a money goes out hunting someone he'll stay away for days sometimes That's right nobody in town will think anything of it when the constable doesn't come back for a cell It'll be a mighty long spell one of Dave Maybe that depends we ought to plug him get him out of the way Dave. That's the way I feel about it It's the only safe thing for us to do In fact, I'll put a bullet in him right here and now put away that shooting on Wes put it away You're here don't have to pull a gun on me bill like I said if I plug this money Gun says you aren't gonna plug him not in my cabin anyway What's more? I don't hanker for being in on a murder go ahead and plug him Wes Don't let any female tell you what you can do Thunder I'll show you what I can do. Mr. Are you calm down all you? I'm running this gang and what I say go savvy Nobody's gonna plug this Mountie like Belle says Least wise not right now, but Dave you mean to say you're gonna stand by what she says just be Listen a minute lunkhead We have to head away from here and other Mounties get on our trail this red coast will be a nice no case we get in a tight spot You'll be a sort of a hostage Yeah, that's a good idea. They will get on your trail Fillmore When they do the fact that you hold me as a hostage won't stop them if it don't mister, then you'll get a bullet I'll take the Mountie in the back room time up hand and foot and make sure your time tight Okay, come on Joe bring them along Look Bell gonna need more supplies here. I'll give you some money. You can go into town and get them All right, I'll get my horse and start out right away Dave Bell rode to town and pulled to a stop in front of the general store Here's a list of things I want to get sure thing have them for you in a jiffy Suppose you heard about the robbery and killing of the express office. No, I don't get much news out where my cabin is mighty bad Mighty bad. I can tell you seems like it was the Dave Fillmore gang Most brazen thing that ever happened since I've been in Selkirk. Yes, sir. I mean ma'am You've heard of the Fillmore gang haven't you can't say as I have How do you expect me to hear of every local ombre that gets a bunch of local men to go out robbing and killing like that? I reckon women don't keep up with happenings like that as much as us men folks do I reckon you're right Now get busy and get those things I ordered. I haven't got all day Yeah, yeah, sure Did the law get on the trail of that Fillmore ombre in his gang? Yeah Constable picked up their trail. So I hear tell him set out after all Appears to me though. He'd wait until he got some help before he went against a tough gang like that Yeah Yeah, let's see now sugar Coffee bacon. Oh, oh, yeah the flower Yeah stocking up for the winter kind early on your man. That's my business And I'm not taking any so long as you mind your own business I Pay for what I get with cash. Yeah, you sure do that's something lots of others don't do I can tell you Think I got it all. Hey From what I can see through the window over there looks like the constable's come back empty-handed He's just stopping in front of his office. No, it can't be the constable. He What I mean is he wouldn't come back so soon Hey, that isn't the constable I thunder you're right, ma'am that's sergeant Preston with his dog king Must have just come into town. All right. All right. Don't stand there gaping get my stuff together I'm in a hurry. Go on wrap it up and let me get out of here when she saw Sergeant Preston stop in front of the constable's office Bell became nervous She knew the sergeant would try to find the constable and getting her bundles She hurried from the store and packed them in her saddlebags then she mounted and rode away hurriedly Meantime sergeant Preston had entered the constable's office and not finding the constable there went to the cafe looking for Wait here, King Anyone know where I might find constable weeks Yeah, the constable started to trade Dave Philmore.  Yep. They said he tried to get a line on their hideout Then he'd come back and form a posse. Are you sure it was Dave Philmore's gang? Big ombre with a scar on his temple and bushy eyebrows fact. He said he was Philmore Thanks, I'll pick up the constable's trail and try to catch him Sergeant Preston went back to the constable's office. They are he mounted his horse blackie started to follow the constable's trail. Let's go, King Preston had no difficulty trailing the constable to the point where he had been taken by the two crooks From the hoof marks King it looks as though two horses came from behind that boulder there They'll must have been surprised by a couple of the many was following I'll follow their tracks and see what they took Bill. Get up lucky Bell Brown rode at a fast pace along the trail toward her cabin She knew sergeant Preston's reputation and had heard about the great dog Yukon King From what she had learned about the Mountie and his dog She felt sure they'd start out to pick up the constable's trail so that they might help him in his search for the Philmore gang Finally Bell reigned to a halt in front of her cabin Made a fast trip Bell I hurried back with some news Dave. I saw another Mountie riding into town Yeah, whatever the Mountie wasn't just an ordinary one. It was sergeant Preston that big dog Preston you say who's he why should we get excited over here? I learned about that ombre when I was up here before West Preston's dynamite We ought to get rid of the constable and head out of here Prano having the constable alive as an ace in the hole West like I told you before We can threaten to kill him with we get in a tight spot I know what that Mountie Preston will do Dave as soon as he hears the constable came trailing you Preston will follow along you wait and see That's about what he will do we better get our horses and beat it away from here Dave We can take the constable along with us I can't a couple of us go and wait and ambush for Preston like we did the constable We could plug him and be done with that dog is as well trained something might go wrong I got a better plan. Yeah. What is it? We'll get Preston here inside this cabin without his dog We'll settle with Preston Then we can put a bullet in the dog and how you're gonna get Preston inside without that dog. It's your job, Belle What do you mean you get your horse and ride out to meet Preston? You don't know you know me then what we'll hide in the back room Tell Preston you found the constable on the trail near your cabin wounded Bring him here with you but the door help Preston you don't like having a dog in your cabin ask them to leave it outside And when Preston heads into the back room, we'll finish him off in the constable too I get to your horse and go meet Sergeant Preston Following Dave's plan Belle left the cabin and rode back along the trail Finally she saw Sergeant Preston and King Belle called out sergeant Oh I'm sure glad I met you sergeant. I'm Belle Brown got a cabin up the trailways.  There sure is I was heading the town just now It's about the constable. What about him? He's at my cabin wounded how did happen? Well about noon or not long after some men rode past my cabin later I saw the constable go by it was trailing an outlaw gang Yeah, I know he told me he said he was catching up to the gang beyond my cabin and they shot at him Then they went on Managed to get back to my place. Is they seriously wounded? No sergeant just a flesh wound But it's better for him not to try to get around yet. He wanted me to get word to town though So that's why I was heading there. I see The constable tell you to look for me in town. Yes. Yes. He did. Oh, maybe you better come back to the cabin with me now And see him. That's what I intend to do. Let's get going As they rode in the direction of the cabin the sergeant Preston glanced now and then at Belle He noticed the tense expression on her face and the nervous way she handled her horse Finally he asked for their money in the gang that passed your place Bell. Yeah, I don't know just how many I see Isn't Jake Brown your husband Bell? Yes. Yes, he is. I have some news for you Take me becoming home soon. Oh Did you say Jake might be coming home soon, that's right I found new evidence that I'm sure will clear him as soon as his case is reviewed in Dawson. He'll be set free You don't look as though you're very happy about it. What's the money? Nothing nothing at all The news she had just heard affected Bell greatly She had hated Maudi's ever since Jake had gone to prison for murder And now she had learned that through the efforts of a Maudi her husband would be freed and the Maudi who had made it possible Was the man she was leading into a death trap and yet she was afraid of Dave Fillmore and believed that he and the gang Would kill her if she turned against them Preston broke into her thoughts as he asked something worrying you about After all you and Jake can start over now. Yeah Yeah, that's right. You're still thinking of going through with this bow Through with what aren't you trying to lead me into a trap? What? What gave you that idea because you lied to me when we met The constable did not expect me in Selkirk at all And I noticed that even though you were still too far away to see my shebbins who called me sergeant Preston I realized that somehow you'd found out that I was in town Let the cabin up ahead there. Yes We'd better stop a minute All right, Bill, what do you want to tell me look guy? I've gone it's sergeant with you doing what you did for Jake. I I just can't go through with it Even if Dave does get even with me Dave Fillmore. Yes, he's a cousin of mine Dave's plenty mean When he and his gang came to the cabin to stay a while. I didn't dare say no They're waiting there now. What about the constable? He's there, too. He isn't wounded. They haven't tied up. I see Thanks for telling me this But you realize bell that you were going to take part in a murder. I I got to hate Mounties I believe Jake wasn't guilty and since they put him away. I Well, I've been a different person crazy like I understand now. I see things straight, but I Guess it's too late Jake's coming home, but I'll be the one that's going to prison. Maybe not Bell. You helped me capture that gang and got the constable away from them safely You you mean you'd speak up for me with the law. I think my testimony would result in probation for you Thunder I'll help you then. I'm sure they can't see us in the cabin I'll leave our horses in that grove over there and go forward on foot to assure Oh, I can handle a gun like a man and I have one here with me, too Sergeant Jack can't stop me from doing my part. All right. Let's get rid of the horses get up like Oh When they stopped and dismounted in the grove not far from the cabin Sergeant Preston thought of a plan after getting the layout of the cabin from Bell He told her what he had in mind Bell. I've thought of a plan that should work. It'll be risky though I expect to take risks and it'll be worth it to get Dave and his men out of the way Jake and I can be together again. That's what I have in mind I'll cut around through the woods until I'm behind the cabin give me about five minutes And you mountain right to the cabin then what go in and get all of them to come into the front room I'll go through the back room window and tie the cast of bone and we'll move in on the gang I'll take King with me now before I go. I'll tell you what you can say Bell waited until five minutes had passed then she mounted and rode to the cabin Hey Dave I came back alone all of you come here a minute. I want to talk to you Yeah, what happens to me pressing on the trail. He didn't come back with me Did he we can see that what I want to know is why it ain't going to town and find him then I got to thinking Dave It'd be better if all of you lid out for the Alaska border and forgot about Sergeant Preston. Yeah Just what made you change your mind. I told you I did a lot of thinking I always heard a woman changes her mind for no reason at all. Well, what if they do Bell? You're not that type You had a reason or you wouldn't have changed your mind Well for one thing I don't want to leave this place if you killed Preston in the constable here The law might find it out and I couldn't stay you said before you left you go through with a plan You couldn't stay here with Preston in town Anyway, him and that dog had come here looking for the constable and you would be in trouble. Maybe but I'm taking that chance I thought Bell hated money. Yeah, that's right Bell is gonna take more explaining than we've heard so far. Look Dave. Here's the way I look at it.   That's right. The great dog King waiting out in front of the cabin heard his master's call He saw Dave backing out the front door with a gun pointed at Bell's back The great husky sprang at Dave during the gun from his hand Get away as Dave struggled with King Bell turned quickly and seeing what had happened. She picked up the gun Drave the drop. I got Dave's gun. That's dog. Get him away. The other side with the law, that's right. She is We're arresting all of you for murder in the name of the crown Bell is clear of that charge. Well, you double cost us out Bell I might have known you pull a stunt like that You didn't want to stay in here when I started to go through with it The sergeant knew I was leading them into a trap anyhow. He told me so afterwards. That's right You should let a couple of us wait in ambush for him Dave like I wanted to do these man won't stop on anything Frankly, I'll be willing to testify for Bell too. She saved me from a bullet. What was that?  I Was mighty local for a while, but I'm glad I'm over it now another point in your favor Bell That you prevented the constable from being killed. I should have known we couldn't trust a female But seen as Bell is my cut now on I'm denying any kinship with the likes of you Dave Fillmore. I Knew if I didn't let you stay willingly at my place. You'd have forced me into letting you anyway. That's right. I would have Maybe she stopped West from killing the constable Way to left here and took them with us. He'd have been killed sooner or later You can bet on that you've all done your last killing You'll have more than one murder to answer for when all the facts are known We're sure lucky you came to Selkirk when you did sergeant I was sent out from headquarters after reports kept coming in about Dave Fillmore. I didn't expect to find him so soon I told you Dave these monies are small.  Hadn't been for pressing in that dog We'd have been all right. You would have been caught sooner or later Fillmore I got them back to Selkirk now constable. Yes Well, you'll have to come along, but I'm sure your affairs will straighten out, you know sergeant I guess I was kind of local and I thought I hated Mounties If things do straighten out for me Jake and I'll always have you to thank for getting us together again. You and Jake have many happy days ahead of you, Val Now let's start for town Inspector in Dawson will be glad to hear this case is closed We now take you to Northwest mounted police headquarters in Dawson you sent for me inspector Yes, sergeant we finally gotten a lead on those two American counterfeiters were looking for is any of the money turned up sir Yes, sergeant the Yukon Territorial Bank reported that Ed Russell a minor tried to deposit ten thousand dollars in counterfeit bills Now Russell has disappeared mysteriously. He may be connected with the counterfeiters any race sergeant He should lead you to them. I'll get on the case right away, sir. Come along What has happened to the minor who disappeared have the counterfeiters killed him to keep him from talking or is he a member of the gang? If so sergeant Preston himself may be facing death when he tries to bring the criminals to justice Be sure to listen to this next exciting adventure 10,000 counterfeit These radio dramas a feature of the challenge of the Yukon incorporated are created by George W. Trendall Produced by Trendall Campbell enterprises and supervised by Charles D. Livingston The part of sergeant Preston is played by Paul Sutton They are brought to you once each week until September when we shall resume our regular Monday Wednesday and Friday broadcasts This is Jay Michael wishing you goodbye and good luck until our next broadcast This is the mutual broadcasting system You


Okay, hi everyone. My name is Jeff Wagner. I am the head software scientist with open force field. And in this talk, I'm going to give a few updates on what's been happening with our core infrastructure since the last annual meeting. So I think the biggest update that we have is that we have two new software scientists, David Dotson and Matt Thompson. So with two additional folks that makes three of us total. David is a former maintainer of MD analysis and a major developer for that project. He will be working on some parallelization and performance improvements for open FF evaluator, and that was formerly known as property estimator developed by Simon Boothroyd. Matt Thompson comes to us from the most def project where they have also been doing some chemical perception based typing. And he worked quite a bit on their interoperable system model. Unsurprisingly, he will be working also on our interoperable system model. Both of them have been have been marvellously productive. They both started work with us just about exactly one month ago, right around March 20, if I believe. And so far they have been they've been taking the initiative on a lot of efforts. The initial sort of onboarding tasks are largely centered around the open force field toolkit, but they've already expanded into helping us work on some QC submission and QC molecule to M and molecule quality checks, as well as a bit of work on our benchmarking dashboard. So I'm going to start this talk by chatting mostly about the open force field toolkit and then I'll be after that discussing other parts of our infrastructure that have been under development. So, since we talked last in 2019. We've made a lot of changes to the open force field toolkit. On the left here you can see what our main workflow looked like. At the time of the zero to zero release, there you load a molecule, grab its positions make a force field, turn the molecule into a topology and then parameterize a system with it. Now things are completely different. Oh no wait they're not. The only thing that's really changed in terms of the user experience for a major use case is that we've released a new force field. We expect to be highly stable. And I want to sort of reiterate our development values here, which is that this after workflow and I guess equivalently the before workflow, supporting this use case is kind of paramount. We want this to be buried deep inside of people's workflows where it's so reliable that they forget that it's even there. And so when we look at this code, and how we want it to evolve over the next few years we really don't want it to. This shouldn't involve people going in and making manual changes every time we have a release. And if we do change the behavior of this code it should be unambiguously better if we change how molecules are processed. Everyone should agree that this is a better way to process molecules. And the only thing that you should need to jump into this code to ever update is the force field name. So we anticipate probably 75% of our user traffic coming just through this workflow and sure we have a whole host of other functions and this wonderful API for power users who want to get more into depth about what's going on. But really, most of the functionality of our toolkit is hidden underneath these couple lines of code here. In addition to maintaining this functionality. We're looking to continue improving consistency between RD kit and open eye back ends. You know our science relies on both of these acting identically whereas in reality they're different code bases. But for the most part we've made positive progress in standardizing the behavior of these two. Also we recognize that we're putting out bug fixes kind of slowly. We're often offering people workarounds instead of just fixes to the code that they're trying to run. So talking about software scientists on the team right now we're discussing different workflows for how we manage future requests bug fixes and releases to make these come out faster. So, talking about the major technical milestone since we had our last annual meeting. We've had a couple of major open force field toolkit releases 050 added gbs a 051 added a utility notebook for checking whether parsley could cover molecules of interest. We've also added support for library charges and I'll talk a little bit about those in a minute. And 070 which is in the works now and expected fairly soon maybe even by the time the this video shown will include a whole host of new features that I'll talk about. We've also made a new content package called open force fields. This is the place to look for all of our major force field releases. So this is where parsley lives this is where the parsley updates live this is where sage will live. And in here we've had a couple major releases, we've had one zero zero and that's the original parsley. We've had one one zero and this is parsley update. It has a few added angles proppers and improper's that were added in refit to the training data. And then just recently we made to bug fix releases indicated by changing this last digit of the version name version number. And those are 111 and one zero one and these are simply the parameters same as before, but with the addition of mono atomic ion library charges. We always had the Van der Waals parameters for ionic lithium, but we didn't actually have a way to specify that the charge to be plus one. So this is a small cosmetic improvement. We've also added to new spherinoff 99 frost versions. These are not expected to be particularly performant but it's important that we version these in order to record the provenance of our force field. So let me talk a little bit more about gbsa support. This is the first major release since the last in person meeting. And currently we support three popular gbsa models the HCT OBC one and OBC two models and those are acronyms for a bunch of author names. These correspond to amber keywords for the IGB keyword values. And one note about these is that these parameters work in open mm but permit does not support transferring them to other packages so this is an open mm only implementation right now. And we've been we've been kind of keeping our ear to the ground and it sounds like perhaps the open mm and permit implementations are off by a small factor. And so when that gets resolved, we will update our model to follow what their models do. The way that gbsa is specified is that there's a number of keywords in the header of the gbsa section that specifies what model you're using and this sets a number of global constants. You can choose to have the surface area energy, either the a C or none. So you can have no contribution from surface area calculations. And we follow the normal Smirnov hierarchy rules for assigning single parameter single parameter gbsa values. The next major release zero six zero added library charge support. These are basically a way to do charge lookup from a table for entire marching matching smarts patterns. It got a little bit interesting because technically the Smirnov hierarchy rules allow you to do some strange things. And so basically the bottom line on how this works is that for a molecule to have library charged signs library charges assigned using library charges. All of its items must be covered by at least one library charge. And that is you can cover an entire molecule kind of piecemeal and we had intended for this to be used on something like a bio polymer, where for each amino acid use to specify what the charges are. But allowing this capability and theory means that you could have a small molecule which you parameterize using library charges. It's a very strange use case we recommend that you don't do it but in theory you could. Here are two examples of what library charges look like. So one is tip three p water. So here we don't need any header arguments in defining how library charges works. And then for each for each pattern that we want to perceive. We specify a single library charge entry. We give it a name. We give it a smirk. So in this case this is hydrogen oxygen hydrogen. And then we say for each tagged atom. So we have tagged atoms one, two and three. And here we see the hydrogen should both have charges of 0.417 and the oxygen should have a charge of negative point 834. This can be applied to larger molecules as well. Here is for example, library charges for an alanine. And I think that this corresponds to ff 14 SP parameters but it, it's a lot of numbers so there may be a mistake in there. So this marks for an entire amino acid. And you can see that here we have a tremendously large number of tagged atoms and some of them are not tagged. This is just a requirement for the match to happen in the first place. But for each of these tagged atoms, we count up to 10 of them. We have a corresponding library charge. And it's important to note that these need to add up to zero. We don't allow kind of ending up with a net charge from library charges. So this is exciting because it unlocks us taking our first steps into biopolymer or general polymer support. And we'll hear later on in the meeting about efforts to port in an amber force field into Smirnoff format. We are also soon going to be supporting Viberg bond order calculation and torsion interpolation based on that. Now this is kind of a subtle topic and we'll hear about this in highest talk. The gist of it is that we can do electronic population analysis of semi empirical QM to get a floating point value for the order of a bond. And high Eastern found that the order of some of these bonds, especially in conjugated or partially conjugated systems correlates very well with the barrier height of a torsion. And so our thought is that by doing the semi empirical quantum calculation during parameterization for a molecule just like we do for partial charges. We can more finely describe the torsions in a molecule. And this version of interest in this molecule here. The central torsion would apply to in our current force field, one of these three smarts. And these smarts differ only in the order of the bond in the middle and then there's a little bit to go along with that on the sides. But more or less we say, if this potentially conjugated bond has a single bond, here's a parameter with a k value around, you know, one. If it's aromatic, here's a k value around 2.5. And if it's double here's a k value around four and a half. What we can do is provide support for describing bond orders in a different fashion, where we say we can condense these three parameters down into one. We say here the same atom types, but with an any bond in between them. So this tilde will match any order of bond in the graph molecule. So this is a periodicity in phase, but we say k one for this, if it's bond order one is this value, if it's bond order two is this you know we're just taking these from up above. And we can simply linearly interpolate and get a pretty good guess for a lot of these different situations for different tautomers of the same molecule. So this is a really exciting piece of infrastructure and we're hoping to have us out in the next few weeks, so that we can begin fitting force fields with it. So we're releasing more customizable charge methods and custom ACC's and I'll say exactly what those are in second and the ability to read and write STS with charges. So we will be adding support, instead of just for that toolkit am one BCC tag that you see in many of our current force fields. We want to allow a larger degree of customization for how charges are generated. So here is an exam. Here is what the new spec will support for doing am one BCC but with your own BCC's in the header. We're specifying that we want to use a charge increment model with one conformer of our molecule of interest and am one charges. And then after those am one molecule charges are generated. So this is just am one BCC before the BCC. Here we can go in and define a collection of smart space BCC's each tagging some number of atoms and providing the same number of charge increments. And we can go back and revisit some of the choices made and see if a larger smaller set of BCC's of different values for BCC's would provide improved performance. The important note here is that it's easy to think of this by comparison to BCC's but really what we're talking about is ACC's. And this is for an arbitrary number of atoms so a bond implies that you only have two items that you're transferring charge between. But in a lot of our smart space parameterization, we can tag an arbitrary number of atoms and simply provide a corresponding number of charge increments for how to adjust them. Now, as I said before, along with this more flexible way to calculate charges we want a better way to serialize molecules with charges that is save them to disk. And one problem with SDF is that it doesn't contain a single supported place for storing charges and for that reason you haven't been able to store charges and SDF previously. So here we've talked with OpenEye and RD kit, and we've converged on a spec for partial charges that we use in the MM way. And it's a field like this so here's a molecule at cyanide. It's got three atoms, C and H. And then over here, this is the new way that we will be supporting storing partial charges inside of an SDF. So from now on instead of sort of having to ownerlessly pass around mole twos if we want to complete information for charges in a file, we'll be able to do that with SDF starting at the 070 release. So one final note on the open force field toolkit is that we're starting to roll out developer documentation. And this is a living document so it's it's not perfect right now and it's incomplete there's a few tags for where we want to add new sections. But this is our start for trying to get genuine outside contributors, working on the open force field toolkit. So this is a long term investment that I think is going to pay off really really well if we manage it correctly, because sitting a contributor community will bring us new users by simply giving people more exposure to the toolkit. It will spread the best practices that we use in our ecosystem. And I think that will probably raise the software quality or at least the level of maintainability for a lot of computational chemistry. It will help us enable new workflows and studies both by informing us of what they are and getting to see how people implement them. It'll increase our engagement with other efforts when people understand how we do our development and are better able to navigate our API and classes. They'll be able to more tightly integrate our code into theirs. I'm more willing to suggest or even implement valuable features, and also having more eyes and more hands is going to is going to test our code in new ways, and ultimately I think this is going to make it more robust. If you want to go look at that I'll share these slides later on the documentation is a little bit separately version than our releases you can of course get the documentation for specific release. If you look at the latest version of our documentation this developers guide is already online, you do not need to wait for the zero seven release. So, moving a little bit away from the open force field toolkit for the rest of this talk. I want to talk about our general strategy for engagement with the community. And we've actually had a couple really nice successes over the past year. So as I said we drove agreement between our D kit and open eye for how we want to handle a partial charges in SDF files. We successfully engaged and are continuing to engage with the amber tools community. We found that actually sqm was able to calculate fiber bond orders it was just not very well documented and working with them we made this part of the default build and improve the documentation of it in the amber tools manual. And that was that was sort of a bit of work that the amber tools developers put in for our benefit. And so actually right now we have a team member Jaime, who's packaging amber tools as a condo package. He's currently testing the 2020 release of amber tools. And this is looking very promising. So the fact that we're able to package amber tools as a condo package makes it a reliable dependency for a toolkit and it means that we can rely heavily on functionality. We've been working with open Kim recently to exchange best practices so open Kim is a center that tests inter atomic potentials to see how well they can reproduce properties of solids and things so it's a little bit more material science oriented. But they have been wanting to expand into bonded force fields and we have have an interest in reproducibility and benchmarking and that's really what they do well. So we've had a very successful set of meetings with them and we're building towards a prototype of open force field in their benchmarking engine. We've also been engaging with multi and bio exiles interoperability efforts and just a few weeks ago, our scientific coordinator Carmen spun this off into a small organization called m moss. And that's where we're continuing some of the discussions about software interoperability. And finally, because I know the entry point for a lot of practitioners of molecular dynamics is charm gooey. We will be working with charm gooey to implement our parameterization engine inside of their workflow. So when people go to get lipids and set up systems. We will hopefully be able to provide an option to simply parameterize open force field ligands and that as well. We've also been contributing to the growth of best practices in our field so we've been engaging with multi about the way that they leave their best practices workshops, and the way that they organize their conduct cookie cutter. So this is a standard Python framework for building computational chemistry packages. And we've been engaging in discussions about how these practices should evolve. There have been instances where we found bugs or we found parts of the environment that have changed and we've been contributing to the upkeep and the design of this cookie cutter. And actually, we, it, we've been starting this annual tradition of an open force field best practices workshop led by multi staff so here's here's the 2019 version this was a couple days after we met last year up at UC Irvine. But we had another best practices workshop just last week, led again by Daniel Smith. This one was of course remote, but we made a lot of progress on it. What's nice about standardizing on this cookie cutter is that it makes the maintenance burden for various packages much much lower so this isn't a primarily academic project and we have developers coming and going as they graduate and as they as they find different stages in their career. By using the shared ecosystem, it becomes very easy to pass off orphaned software to be the central software team to the software scientists and we can keep it running. In fact, just two weeks ago there was a change in how many condo distributes its packages, and we were able to simply copy and paste a fix somewhere more than a dozen times to bring the entire ecosystem back up to spec. This was wonderful, and that would have taken us hours and hours and days and days if we had all used different build infrastructures. Another activity that the core infrastructure team has been working on is marshaling compute for our quantum chemistry data sets. And so on a normal day when we don't have any special needs, we'll be running about 1000 cores that 600 from Memorial Sloan Kettering with the Kudera lab and about 400 on this distributed computing platform called the Pacific Research Platform. In order to get the parsley 120 data sets ready for the fitting. The last few weeks we've been running contip constrictively more CPU cores. Without contributions from multi we've been landing somewhere in the 4000 to 5000 core range. And this is a graph of compute used by open force field over the past two weeks on the specific research platform. Now these periods where we're using about 2000 continuous cores. This is, this is a value of about $1000 per day of compute, which we're receiving for free by virtue of being an academic project. So this has been absolutely fantastic and the multi software has scaled very well to meet this need. So the 120 release is going to include I think a ludicrous amount of QM data and in the future, we can continue to increase the rate at which we add QC data to our fitting. So talking about a couple plan developments before, before we finish. Matt Thompson, the new software scientist is going to be working on our dedicated open FF system object. So many people who have worked with the open force field toolkit. Might find it a little bit unwieldy that our native output format is the open MM system. And we are looking to move away from that and build our own. We want this to meet a number of needs. And not just for ourselves but we know that we'll get better buying and that this will become a more functional object. If we take input and meet the needs of different members of our community. So we're currently in talks with various package maintainers and, and people who are doing force field research about what exactly they would need to adopt this system format. And importantly, in addition to the information contained in an open MM system, this force, the system format will contain a mapping of system parameters to force field parameters. And this is a very important concept because an open MM and the open MM system format, there's no record of which system parameters, for example, a particular bond and in a molecule map to which force field parameters. And when you're optimizing, you want to optimize the force field parameters not the individual system parameters because they're very redundant. There's many instances of that bond in the system and you only want to change the number once. So that's one important feature we'll have. We're also looking for it to be convertible to a number of popular simulation formats. And so initially this might be simply by intramole or parmed. In the future we may roll our own converters if we start doing anything very special. And one great thing here is that when we talk about doing force field fitting what we're really talking about is numerical optimization. And this is a well studied field. So, if we're able to format our optimization questions in a more traditional way. If we're able to abstract away from specifically molecular structures and kind of put this into a machine learnable format, we will get access to a number of very widely supported community tools for numerical optimization. So, one topic that we're looking into is how exactly we want to provide an interface to existing machine learning tool kits. Another exciting development that we see coming out in the near future is one second is support for geometry independent charges. And so this is an interesting topic where we acknowledge that we want force fields and research to be reproducible, but that one crucial step in force field parameterization is charge calculation. And those charges are dependent on the conformer of the molecule that you use for your semi empirical calculation. Now open eye and our dekat and even just different versions of those are going to generate different conformers. And thus the charges that you get out are likely to be different and right now we don't see them being to tremendously significantly different but we know that this adds some amount of noise to our force field fitting. So if we were able to assign charges accurately but based solely on the graph representation of the molecule. Then we would have a major advantage in terms of consistency and reproducibility. And that's what you want Shane Wang of the codera lab is working on right now. He's working on this package called gimlet to use neural networks predict partial charges of atoms and molecules. Here's here's just a quick plot from one of his first papers, showing the am one BCC calculated charge versus the neural network predicted charge for different atoms and a data set molecules. This performance looks quite nice. So we're hoping that by adopting this as a supported charge method in the toolkit, we can speed up molecule parameterization. And make it more robust and less geometry dependent. Another major development that we see coming out in the future is being led by Josh Horton. He's an open force field postdoc working in the UK. And this is what's called our bespoke fitting workflow. So the purpose of the bespoke fitting workflow is to automatically generate parameters for a molecule of interest by running specific QC calculations on that. This will rely on running a personal instance of QC archive. And so this can be seated with the full, the full data in QC archive, but this can be run more or less offline. So if you are interested in not having people know which molecules are working on this can be run entirely in the house on. And it looks roughly like this where you're going to come in with an input molecule. This input molecule will be prepared by the open force field toolkit. And so some set of partial charges and an initial gas force field containing molecules specific or containing parameters specifically tailored for this molecule will be will be made and held on to for a minute. And what will happen is that molecule of interest and this could be a smiles this could be an SDF, what have you will be passed in some essential form to this QC submit package. And QC submit will decide. Oh, we should run a torsion drive of these torsions we should run some other calculations maybe optimizations to best pin down the force field for this molecule. And this will be connected to a local QC fractal server. So this could be something that you're running on the same machine as this workflow you could have your own cluster that's just hosting compute for this. But it will submit different confirmations of your molecule of interest. The results will come back it will do a good amount of quality checking here. And then mm compatible confirmations and energies will be passed a force balance and force balance will optimize as force field that contains parameters specifically tailored for this input molecule. And you'll come out with sort of the best we can do for force field parameters for your specific molecule. The great thing about this is that actually this QC submit package that Josh is working on is extraordinarily powerful outside of this specific use case, we have always had a problem of interpreting return results from QC archive, simply because we've been in in quantum chemistry operations like proton migration bond order changes. Change the identity of the molecule and we need to flag that data as not suitable for fitting, because we're no longer fitting to energies of the molecule that we started with. But this has been a really hard point in our infrastructure and we've got different workarounds for this stored in different places, but generally we want a single place where all of this quality checking can happen. And this is fantastic because it's going to give us the tools to jump around between QM and mm land and we have a lot of different people in our ecosystem contributing to different parts of this. We're also looking at putting in an automated benchmarking sweep. And what we're seeing down here is approach type of a front end by high made Rodriguez Garo. We have a postdoc in Berlin and it's extraordinarily talented. But this will be a platform where we can run energy comparisons against a QM data for Smirnoff 99 frost parsley gas, maybe some other force fields that we that we find a way to implement. And we can provide an intuitive and flexible view for people to compare our force fields to previous generations of themselves and to others. And again, this is an area of huge synergy, Josh and time a and other folks have been working together the last few weeks on this. Now we're hoping to have a prototype out in the next few weeks, maybe in time for May 4. But we'll keep you updated about that because this is this is fairly challenging. And I think we're just running this on on some sort of mock data or like a preliminary data set from Victoria Lynn so I wouldn't, I wouldn't read too far into the numbers in this gift. So we have some more kind of exciting areas of upcoming infrastructure. We're looking at adding polymer support so right now smart space algorithms perform very poorly and large molecules, because these are sort of graph isomorphism operations that are extraordinarily expensive. So as you try to feed things like proteins into the open force field toolkit. So one major area of biopolymer polymer support that we need to add is improvements in the performance of those algorithms. Also, we want to be able to perceive whether something that looks like an amino acid but isn't covered by any of the libraries that we have currently and have a workflow to cap it and charge it and provide reasonable parameters that will be compatible with the other standard amino acids in the chain. So this is nice we have an ongoing effort right now with Dave Saruti down here to to start porting over some amber force fields I think we're starting with amber FF 14 SB. And support for polymers is will kind of be done hand in hand with porting of these force fields. Trevor Goki down here he's a postdoc with David Mobley. He's a grad student with David Mobley is working on adding virtual site support to the open force field toolkit so virtual sites are are these off center charges that can better describe the electron distribution around a molecule. And this is this is a fairly hairy area of infrastructure so I'm not sure if it will be out in the next few months. But we think that this may be a large area where we can increase the accuracy of force fields. We're going to be implementing support for four different types of virtual sites. And these will be able to be added either using Smirnoff based typing, or using the open force field toolkit API. And in at least the Smirnoff based typing adding a virtual site so here we have two virtual sites we have one that's a bond charge so you define two tagged atoms. And then you define a distance from the center of one of them. And, you know, take the vector along the axis of that bond, and then it will go that much further along this distance D. And it will put some center here. That's a Leonard Jones and a Coulomb interaction particle. And this is sort of our preliminary spec, but a virtual site you specify that it's type bond charge as opposed to any of the three other supported types of bond charge requires two tagged atoms. So you have Adam one, Adam to a chlorine in a carbon. So this might be a sigma whole model. Some distance D and that's the distance that we're looking at here. If this site is going to have a charge, you specify how much of that charge comes from Adam one how much of it comes from Adam two, and then optionally also Leonard Jones parameters. So like a sigma and an epsilon. And again, this is exciting because we hope that adding support for this will allow us to include it in future rounds of fitting especially non bonded fitting. And this can offer dramatic improvements over the traditional kind of like the fixed charge right on top of the Adam force fields. So with that, I'd like to sort of thank everyone who's been a big contributor to core infrastructure over the last year. It's a long list of folks that a lot of people I've already mentioned their work. But yeah, it's been a great honor to work with this team I don't think I've ever worked with people this talented. And really, I feel blessed to be working with these folks at the pace that they work and with the insight that they bring. So thank you all very much.


Black History Month. Never stop showing up. Black History Month is an annual celebration of achievement by African Americans and a time for recognizing their central role in U.S. history. Our nation can learn from the past and celebrate the many contributions African Americans have made to this country. Queens, welcome to Sister Power. Aloha. Aloha. Aloha Barbara. Aloha. I'm so busy listening again. Okay, so we have Barbara who's in Atlanta, Georgia, Sequoia, and Deborah are right here in Honolulu. So happy, so happy, so happy to have you here. You know, this is just such a wonderful time in our life and we definitely want to pay homage to the late great Cicely Tyson.  Deborah, you had a chance, you have the book in the video, am I correct? Yes, I have the audio and the heart cover and her long and extraordinary career. Cicely Tyson has not only exceeded as an actor, she shaped the course of history and she wrote this book just as I am and she entitled it after Mahalo Jackson's song that is entitled Just as I Am because she says this is my truth. So this is me, I love it. The book is a good read, you must get one or the audio if you don't have one already. I will. You know, I grew up with listening to Mahalo Jackson, my father was a minister, my mother a school teacher and later a principal. So we grew up with Just as I Am. That song was just so memorable. Tell me, Sequoia, you know, your thoughts very quickly about Cicely Tyson, the late great actress, iconic actress, Cicely Tyson. I recognized her talent as a young girl in the 70s and she was so powerful, her presence and the way she would articulate and be so strong and for me it felt like she was trying to show that we are not a trope in the way that she would present herself and I mean she's most known I think in contemporary terms of groups but we know her from she's been around for a very, very long time. I even remember her days when she was with Miles Davis but I just remember she just projected this this regalness about her and intellect and just cry that really made compel me to want to watch her and I felt, I kind of felt that she was trying to tell us through her work to be who you are, be strong as who you are regardless of what these oppressive systems are doing to us.  I love it. Your thoughts Barbara on the late great Cicely Tyson. I was just always so impressed with her because she was one of those people that you see and you want to put your shoulders back. She just represented the essence of being Black and she was so good in the various roles that she played to portray what you know her heart was and I just I mean I am I'm just so amazed that she was able to really live up to what she talked about being that she kept going right up until I'm thinking a couple of days before her death that is amazing at 94. That is amazing and then we have you know I am still feeling just that wonderful feeling about Madam Vice President Harris and there's Cicely Tyson right there hot elegant I mean this lady is just exudes class but moving on to that day on January the 20th when our Madam Vice President Harris is now the first woman of color so give me your thoughts on that Deborah. Well first she's the first of many and first of all before I want to further I just want to say how delighted I am to be a part of your panel for Black History Month and to pay tribute to the contributions of our ancestors and I'm very proud to have Kamala Harris as our VP and looking forward to the great things that I know she's going to do.  So memorable very very memorable and so Sequoia your day wear your pearls on Inauguration Day tell us about that very quickly. I was full of such pride and joy I couldn't be at the event but I had a prior appointment but at that appointment I was in my pearls and it was the historic day and as Deborah said it was first but not will not be our last and she has a lot ahead of her to do a lot of work to do and I know she's the one that can do it and I know she will not allow you know particular demographics to try to shut her down as happens when we Black women speak truth to power and I think she's just the right person to put some right back get them off of her and put a right back in their place. Oh I love that and you know Barbara Amanda Gorman oh my we cannot forget hers and I love what she said I'm learning that I am not lightning that strikes once I am the hurricane that comes every single day every single year she shows up what's your thoughts about Amanda Gorman she just I am just so um oh gosh I can't even come up with the words I just I am so amazed and so appreciative of her and I believe it is our time and what she is old for her age in that you know what she already understands what she is up against and she is just ready to go for it and I'm just I'm just so pleased because starting at that age there's no limit as to where she could go and of course with us and many people supporting her because the bad people will be there they're always there you know trying to change your change your direction but I believe that you know she is destined like Michelle Obama and like Miss Harris and I just I just think it's our time to shine because in spite of all of the insanity that was going on we still managed to be in the front seat for like of a better word yeah I'd love it you know if you're just joining us a viewer sister prior celebrate frack history month and never stop showing up and this is what this is all about and I appreciate your queens being here to celebrate black history month and we're going to just talk about Deborah our goals and we're going to talk about often the ox goes are so severe we begin to second guess ourselves so let's talk about that lead us into that conversation Deborah well first um black history month which is what we're celebrating it gives us an opportunity to acknowledge and recognize those people who have made a difference doesn't take much to make a difference all you need are ears to hear and the voices of others a heart that is willing to serve and a voice is willing to speak up for what you believe in and awareness of black history is informative today to all people because it shares the contributions of many unsung heroes and heroes who made their mark in america but still remains unnoticed so thank you for this panel that you have for black history month sequoia you know i'm going to jump around a bit because i'd love the fact that you um shared some information about um kimberley crenshaw say her name and that just is just um very interesting that take the say her name she's from brianna taylor do our experiences of black women overlap with other forms of oppression pretty much so uh kimberley crenshaw she uh her work involves the around the concept of intersectionality so we as black women we have to deal with oppression on one level it's like racism but also as women so you have sexism and then if there's any other overlapping uh ways of identity like maybe your lgbpq you know so you black day female so those are three different things that you have to navigate through an oppressive system so kimberley crenshaw cited these elements and then even if you're in your own looking your own community like say black women you know we had to deal with up against black male patriarchy you know we're all trying to strive to be for equality and justice but when you're in different environments say you're all a white environment you're looked at as a black woman black female or even black amongst white women and they in feminists in particular white feminists they don't want to see your blackness you just have to be a woman but they don't realize that there is very nuances many layers to navigating through american oppressive social system so she excited that we have to look at the issue on a whole intersectional level and that is a way to progress and find a way to fight this and to find solutions to move forward as a society and she's very active with the say say her name project where we are calling out the oppression and the abuse of our exploitation of our black females who aren't noted as often as others in this system and we need to get together on that and recognize our women that we are a threat to this society and I think a lot of it has to do with the rebrounding of the planet of our nation and that black women make beautiful brown melanin babies like brown babies and white supremacy cannot stand if they don't have the numbers so we are a threat to them so we have to be more united and vigilant in our cause and um you know live in strife and keep on showing up never stop showing up you know Barbara Cicely Tyson in one of her interviews she was talking about this ladder and she said at the top of the ladder is the white man and then it's a white woman and then there's a black man and the black woman is at the bottom and she's constantly climbing through this ladder let's reflect on the goals that you've set as some of the obstacles that you have encountered as being a black woman in business as being an entrepreneur well as an entrepreneur I decided I wanted to be in an industry where there were not many black people period so I decided to venture into the oil business but one of my questions had been with with all of the different areas and the places where you can really earn money why aren't there more black people there and it's not because you cannot do it and I think I set out to prove that you could do it and I really did prove it however I did realize the fight to keep you from those particular industries and even to this day many of your your top your your investment banking your oil a lot of places where there is a lot of money you still do not have a lot of black people and it's not because you cannot do it many times they will open the door because they figure a well they'll fail and you know then you don't have to pure races which is just not true but you do encounter a lot of of of of course Michelle and Amanda was saying you think all you have to do is to work hard and do a good job but that is not it sometimes the harder you work and the better the better job you do you create more enemies because they just the idea of you being there for some reason seemed to them to think well if you can do it it makes them less of a person there's this saying well if a black person can do it anybody can do it and we know that from Obama after he became president you had all kinds of strange people thinking they could be president and of course somebody actually wow this is so true you were well Deborah who are you as a black woman well after reading Sicily Tyson's book and how she defined herself I came to the realization that even though I was born in a small town in Alabama called Whistler better known as Whist town I cannot be defined by where I'm from because I've been to so many places and I came to the realization that the prettiest of my smiles has the most deepest secrets the prettiest of my eyes have quite the most tears and the kindness of my heart have felt the most pain so being all of what I am being all that I have done and all that I will do none of that will define me my past hasn't defined me it hasn't destroyed me nor deterred me nor defeated me it has only strengthened me I learned from my history but I don't live in it I'm a spiritual being as a black female with 64 degree of Native American blood but that does not define me I'm a widow or a mother and a grandmother but that doesn't define me I'm a godmother mama D to many a cousin or sister friend but none of that defines me I'm a retired school teacher with many degrees but none of that defines me I'm a retired boxer soccer coach a minister motivational speaker Zeta Phi Beta Eastern Star life coach singer dancer actress model humanitarian journalist and philanthropist none of that defines me all that I am and all that I once were never defined me so I define me by that song that says uh if anybody asks you who I ask you who tells them I'm a child that is what defines me if anybody should ask you who I am tell them I am a child of God I am a child of God when I stand before God at the end of my life I hope that I have not a single bit of talent left and I can say God I use everything you gave me I am just as I am and that's how I define me I love that I love that I'm a child of God absolutely Sequoia that's a man yeah I tell you she took us to church and back I'm loving it I love it I'm telling you of Sequoia are there any programs projects available to connect empower and encourage our women oh yes there are a plethora of them but what comes to mind and where I am right now is that as we know historically right we have all these great strides in our history as black women and black history in general so we know that with our progress comes great backlash right once that's forward 50 years back there's a pattern of things so I where I am right now is all about wellness self-care and working within our own communities on a level economic level in terms of boycotting corporations that participate in our complicit and and you know oppression and racism buying black buying locally so there are programs like buy our companies like buy black.com official black wall street.com if you have a business and those two particular ones that I mentioned you can register your business with them it's kind of like a yellow pages for our businesses to kind of keep it internal strengthen ourselves colorofchange.org are very very good about challenging and contending with corporations that are complicit so you might see them on the surface right now they're all jumping on the black lives matter thing and oh we're we're going to you know divest from all these different programs or different legislators that we might have backed in the past but at the same time they still have dark money on the other hand so I am for you to look these people up officialblackwallstreet.com we back we buy black.com and colorofchange.org that was just a start and of course say her name for the causes of black women and yeah all and sourcewatch.org sourcewatch will give you a listing of all the corporations that are part of this whole umbrella this cabal if you will of legislators and corporations fusing together to work against our causes yeah well definitely if you can email that I would love to share that with sister power network and sisters in power and kavaii network we definitely need to you know buy black and support each other Barbara what is your truth I have to say that I am a person who honestly never gives up on something that I really want I will just keep going and keep going and even though I will feel discouraged sometimes I found that being spiritually in tune sometimes when I will say you know what god I just don't know what else to do and it's almost immediate that I'll get some answer either I'll a phone call or something will occur to me and that if I could pass anything you know on I would say that to anyone because it's amazing it's amazing how that happens when you are open to to god into listening there's just there's always there's always a way you know and and you sometimes you do have to get to that point where it's like I just don't know what else to do and that seems to be when something else will come about and you just keep on going is just you just can't stop never stop showing up that's that is the theme of this show I love the quote from Shirley Chisholm if they don't give you a seat at the table bring a folding chair I love that I love that I love the fact that uh going back to madam vice president Harris the color of her outfit she was paying respect to Shirley Chisholm the first African-american woman to run for president so Deborah what is your truth well um being that it's black history month I want to share a little bit about where it came from how it got started and where it's going because a lot of people don't know the year was 1926 when Negro history week was established by historian named Carter G. Woodson who's better known as the father of black history month now Woodson along with the prominent minister Jesse Morland founded the association for the study of Negro life and history and according to history this organization was designed and dedicated to researching and celebrating the achievements of black Americans and other of African descent but a lot of people get confused because they they think the month of February had was chosen as black history month because it's the shortest month of the year which is it is the shortest month of the year but that's not the reason it was chosen so contrary to popular belief the original Negro history week in the United States fell on the second week in February and this specific week was set to pay homage to Frederick Douglass because his birthday is February the 14th and Abraham Lincoln's birthday was on February the 12th two men contributed to helping with the end of slavery which was abolished on January 31st and 1865 in the United States wow you know that's so important to educate people really we need it should be black history year inventions and inventors I mean people take for granted it's stopping at the stop light a black man invented the stop light it takes for granted about the ironing board a black woman I think Sarah Boone invented the ironing board I mean we can go on and on and on and Sequoia you wanted to add something to that and then Barbara I've already said everything but what defines me I I draw my strength you know me I'm a little bit of a rebel so Queen Mazinga I'm taking it way back Queen Mazinga I am going honey all right and uh this you know her she was so strategic a warrior queen and strategic and manipulate and maneuvering the Spaniards and all um and uh just making her stand you know that you can't just walk all over us and disrespect you know her or her people by using her width right and trying to get her people are united and to recognize the threat that was coming into the interior of our motherland so I want to that draw from that I draw from you know our the journey truth I draw from Harriet Cousman and you know on and on and on all up to Miss Connolly Harris so you know stand on the shoulders of great ancestors and I cannot I cannot express I will try to express the gratitude I have for where we are today as the people we can do better we can be more united and I think now is the time to come together as the people through our economic strength to show this system that we're not going to take your stuff anymore we're done well I have to say I draw from so many and every time I'm feeling lazy I think about what ancestors went through it's like you're out you're not in the cotton field you've got a car what's your problem you know so I draw from all of that that they went through and still managed to survive and that helps me to really get going a lot of times oh I love that you know I love this picture we can because they did because there is no excuse at all it's just absolutely no excuse for us and and ladies queen this has been powerful it's been empowering it's been motivating you are inspiring the next generation thank you for spending time with sister power I'm Sharon Thomas Yarbrough Aloha Aloha thank you ladies


We didn't raise money last year for construction. I think most of you know that the year before we did. I raised close to $300,000 or $7,000, two years ago. And I think everybody's expectation, including ours, was by now we would have a full basketball court out there and a bunch of other things that I spoke about. So we want to give you a quick update about where we are and what we're trying to get done. So we have taken all the work we're doing for MCC. And I'm talking about the work that we want to get done in the next year, year and a half, two years maybe, but hopefully a year and a half. And we're broken it up into three packages. And we're broken it up into three packages that we can take to the Hacien Association, the Office Association, the three packages that we can take to the city for permits. And the three packages work so they can work independently of each other or they can be done simultaneously. The first package is everything outside. And that includes the full basketball court. It includes an extended picnic area. It includes barbecue area. It includes open field. It includes a park course. It includes EV stations. Includes, what am I missing? The Wuzhou stations is going to include later on. Actually, it's package two. I'll talk about that in package two. So that's package one. That's package one. And Saeed Pai will give you an update exactly where we are in package one. That is being done together. And that's the first thing we want to do. Package two is everything inside this building. Now, the new news that I briefly talked about last time is about where that second pillar is. That's second one, first one. The second pillar is in the ladies' area. Behind that, we're going to build a second story. And it's going to be 14,000 square feet of a second story and then the second story. Actually, can we go to the next slide? I forgot we had slides. Keep going. Keep going. Keep going. OK. We skipped right to, let's go back, one. There you go. Thank you. So package one you can see. Thank you. Package two, as I said, is everything in this building. I won't go through the entire list, but we are putting a second floor. We're going to have 25 classrooms up there for Sunday School. We're going to have offices for Sunday School. We're going to have bathrooms there. There are going to be two staircases and there's going to be an elevator. That's all going to be there. And then when we move Sunday School up, that gives us a lot more room having additional conference room types down here, additional room for a parent child area with actually a section specifically for small kids to play. It gives us room for a gym, a lounge slash gym for ladies and a separate lounge slash gym for men. I think I've gone through most of the list. Oh, and there's also a library and a senior's lounge. Here, we will raise this roof up. Behind this, we're going to have a mom's room. And behind that section, we're going to have a small room for at the cafe. And we'll have a shower in the area for taking a shower for at the cafe. That's package two. Think of that as a second story and everything inside. Package three is all about food. It's essentially what we used to call the Danny Hall, what we used to call the Backward Hall. Backward Hall means something very specific to the city. We don't use that language anymore. It just means more requirements. So we call it a dining hall now. It's the same thing. A cafe partly covered, partly uncovered, a commercial kitchen, and an outside patio. These are all the things we're working on. I'm going to have Sayed Bhai here. Sayed Bhai, by the way, he does his pro bono. He's been doing this for many, many years. He's done construction in many places. He's doing his absolute deficit or charge. And he's in charge of construction. So let me take a look at Sayed Bhai. He's, by the way, head of our MCC voter trustees. JazakAllah. As-salamu alaikum. Just on. If I may, I'll just be very brief. I know it's getting late. So thank you, Brother Parvez. So a quick, Brother Parvez did provide a description of the three packages. And most of you, or many of you, may be wondering what's the reason for dividing it up into three packages, mostly because for ease of management. And far more important than that is if any of the packages is stuck with the city for one reason or the other, if they have objections, if they want our conditional use permit to be revised or redone, which would take time. So that would allow us to continue and make progress on all the other packages that we have defined. So that's the main reason why we divided that up. And then, of course, it's ease of management. If all three packages get approved at the same time, then, of course, we can implement them at the same time. The package, next slide, please. So this gives a very brief overview of where we are with these package. The first package, we have determined that the conditional use permit, that's the first column on the left-hand side. The first, the conditional use permit is not required, which is good news. The Hacienda Owners Association has already approved this package. We have submitted our applications to the city already. And we've gotten one set of comments, and we are in the second round with them. As far as construction, we have taken the liberty to implement some of the items which do not require city inspections or approvals. As you see on the outside, we've done most of the cleanup. We have installed some pavers outside. We've opened up a new exit door in the lobby. So that when we get the final approval from the city, we are ready to implement and do the construction. Our hope is that by the fall of this year, we would have the package one completed in construction. But again, it depends on how picky the city ends up being in terms of asking for more studies to be done. Package two is right behind it. We have determined COP modification not required. We have gotten the Hacienda Owners Association approval. And we expect to apply for the city permits in the first week of April. And we haven't started any construction yet because all this work requires city inspections. Package three is right behind package two. And we do not have a clear indication from the city yet whether they would require a COP modification or not. But we do have a verbal approval from the association. If we end up getting the final approval from the association, which we are expecting any time, we intend to apply for the city permits in the second week of April. And again, we would start the construction once we have the final approval from the city. Here are some numbers, what we would need to implement this, the three packages. These are estimates as right now because we don't have the final drawings yet. So most of we have, as Brother Parvez said, we have made these presentations over the last year or so. But the attendance at our town hall meetings has not been that great. So we thought this would be a good idea to have all the participants, all the community members, see where we are and what we're doing. Jazakum ala khair. With that, I'll hand it back to Parvez. Now I'm going to wrap this up. A few things that I need to say. One, somebody asked me yesterday, well, so when is the basketball court going to be there? And what's the answer to that question? Insha'Allah, subject to the permits getting done, et cetera, et cetera. What else is required to get packaged to do that? What do you need? What do you need? They're seriously, what do you need? You need city approval. You need housing approval. We got that. You need people to do the work. And what else you need? Monies. What's the good news? We have the 500K, alhamdulillah. So we collect the queer. We collected money a couple of years ago. We spent a lot of it on the parking lot, HVAC, and things like that. We have multiple sources of money. We've been careful to, one, not spend that money, because you gave it to us for this purpose. So the 500K, alhamdulillah, we have. The next part is going to be raising $1.6 million. That's not easy to do. What else do we need to get this done? We cannot run half of this budget while we're doing construction, right? So we have to find another place for Sunday school, probably in January, not in fall. Probably in January, rent a place, and it'll take us a year to do construction. This part of the budget will be on that pillar. Here it'll be open. Mostly other stuff will be closed. And it's going to take a year of construction. We're not concluding everything here. We're going to have this discussion with you, saying how they were the teachers and the staff at Sunday school. But what's the third thing you need? You need the money. Now we want to be careful. We don't need the money today, because we're not starting today. But we don't want to start construction and have nothing in the bank. Because we finish the 500K, and we say, OK, raise money. It doesn't work that way. So what we'd like to do, not today, but we'd like to raise at least a couple hundred thousand, just to have it in the pocket so when we're done, we can keep working. OK? And we're going to ask for some of that in Ramadan. I mean, you can give it to us after Ramadan and Shawwal. Or you can just say Ramadan is a better month to give. I just give it in Ramadan. And you can trust us. We're not going to use the money for something else. As I just said, the 500K we have, we have that today. And then we'll talk about the third phase. Just quickly go to the next slide and the next slide and the next slide. So just very quickly, on the left-hand side, we have raised for building purposes $780,000. Go back one side. We have spent $930,000. Go back to the slide again. Forward. But we have money from before. And some of the rental income, most of it comes into this for building funds. Some of it goes from operations from time to time. So we have enough money. We have $550K available for construction with package one. And we need to raise $200K. That's the message I want to give you. And that's the message I want to leave you today with. Secondly, do remember for the next 10 days, think about what you want this place to be, not just for ourselves, but for our children. The key point I want to make is, and we haven't made this yet, when we build the 25 classrooms upstairs, we're building them for Sunday school. We're also building them for a Saturday school. We're also building them for K through 5. We're going to design them so we can do K through 5, knowing that K through 5 is going to need a separate CUP. So we're not telling the city that after we design it, after we build it, after we do that, then we're going back to the city saying, we have everything ready. Now let's give us a conditional user credit. So think about what we're doing in phase two. Everything we said is also Saturday school. And it is also K through 5, inshallah. Say inshallah. Jazakum laharras, salam alaikum alaikum wa rahmatullahi wa rahmatullahi.


Today, I have the pleasure of interviewing analyst Chris Thompson from eResearch. How are you today? I'm great, Tracy. How are you? And before I tell everybody about this stock that went up 300% this last year and to which stock and to which the buy recommendation has the stock tripling again, let me just ask you, Chris, where do people go to register to get your updates? They can just go to eResearch.com and they can get updates. We have a newsletter that goes out and all the reports are on the website and can be downloaded for free. So now, drumroll, who have you started or who have you just initiated coverage with? Please tell us what company this is. Yeah, it's a data communications management. It's at the ticker is DCM on the Toronto Stock Exchange and they are a Canadian based communications and marketing solutions company. They provide online and offline print and communication solutions for some of the largest corporations in Canada. And of course, I've read your research report. I'm a fan. I love your writing, Chris. And the thing that was most interesting to me was, first of all, I didn't know about the company and they did what in revenue last year? Did I read that right? 249 million? Yeah. Well, they did. They did 259 million and this year, that's a little bit less. We're estimating about 245 million because of the impacts of COVID. Some of their larger clients aren't getting as much material as before but they're a pretty good size revenue company for the Canadian market. Well, I believe your buy recommendation was for $3.00. Is that correct? $3.60. Can you tell us how you came to that conclusion? Yeah. So for this company, I did a blended valuation by looking at both a five year DCF at seven times their EBITDA in 2026. I looked at the revenue multiple looking at next year's revenue and an EBITDA multiple looking at next year's EBITDA and I blended it together to get a $3.60 price target. The stock is trading at a little more than a dollar. So you're right in the fact that it is a triple estimate but I'm pretty confident that this company is heading in the right direction. Well, I don't want you to give away all the good stuff from this research report. However, can you tell us maybe a couple of competitive advantages that DCM has that should get us as investors to take a look at this particular story? Thank you.  So that's the one thing that they have. So they have a large client base and they also work with a lot of large corporations, so 70 of the top 100 corporations in Canada. And why is that important is because their solutions are very sticky within the organization. It's not just that they're providing print solutions. It's their part of their business workflow. That's important. And so that's where you get the sticky revenue, this recurring revenue that's at their base. The second part of it is that they've had a lot of digital technology that they haven't really been selling to their clients. And I think there's a large opportunity for what's called in the business, the digital asset management side of the business or DAM, you know, and I think there's a large upside right now that could be much higher revenue, higher margin revenue for the company going forward. Well, DAM, I wish I'd known about the stock last year. However, I'm very delighted that you brought it to our attention and for those of you out there that would like to learn more or secure this research report, go to e-research.com. Thank you, Chris. Thank you, Tracy.


Okay, so if you are given a big balloon containing a mole of helium, there are a couple of things you can immediately work out. You would know that because of Avogadro's constant, there are 6.022 times 10 to the 23 atoms of helium in the balloon, and you could look up the periodic table and see that one mole of helium atoms weighs 4.003 grams, so the mass of the gas in the balloon is 4.003 grams. In this video, we're going to formalize these conversions so you can do them for any pure substance and any number of moles. And we're also going to add a new conversion that will let you work out how much volume gaseous substances occupy under certain conditions.  They're not mysterious or complicated, but sometimes it takes some practice to get smooth and quick at them, so do as much practice as you need until they become routine. They are the basis of most chemical calculations. So we're going to draw a map that will relate moles to the other ways of measuring substances. But let's leave our specific helium example here and make a more general map. So we'll start with moles. Remember this is our special number that essentially allows us to skip count how many atoms or molecules we have in a sample. Now in the same way that sometimes you need to convert dozens into a plain number, two dozen eggs is twenty-four eggs for example, sometimes we want to know the actual number of atoms or molecules in a sample rather than how many moles of atoms or molecules we have. So I'll put number of particles up the top here that something we'll want to convert to and from. Now what's the conversion factor that gets us between moles and numbers of particles? Well it's Avogadro's number, Na. 6.022 times 10 to the 23 tells us how many particles there are per mole. And the formula that relates these three quantities, Avogadro's constant, the number of particles you have and the number of moles you have, is here. Na equals particles divided by the number of moles. We'll do some examples using this in a few minutes. How else might we want to measure a sample? Well by mass. And the conversion factor that relates the moles and the mass of a particular substance is that substance's molar mass in grams per mole. Remember that this conversion factor has the same value as the mass of one mole but the units indicate that it's a ratio relating the number of moles to the mass. The formula is here. Molar mass equals mass divided by moles. Finally I'm going to introduce you to a third kind of conversion. This applies only to gases and we'll be exploring it more fully later in the course. For now you'll just have a taste. If you know the number of moles of a gas you can convert directly to its volume using the conversion factor called the molar volume. Before I show you how that works though I need to explain this little acronym here, STP. The volume of a gas changes if you change its temperature or pressure. So whenever you're stating a gas volume you have to say what the temperature and the pressure were when you measured that volume. They could be anything but scientists have defined a set of standard conditions which are useful when you're doing measurements or calculations. They're called standard temperature and pressure or STP. It's STP when the temperature is zero degrees Celsius or you could express it as 273 Kelvin. And the pressure is one atmosphere which is the average air pressure at sea level. Or if you measure it in kilopascals it's 101.3 kilopascals. So if we want to convert moles of gas into a volume of gas note that this really is just for gases it doesn't work for liquids. We use the molar volume. The molar volume is a ratio like molar mass. It says that a gas, any gas occupies 22.4 litres per mole. That is one mole of gas will occupy 22.4 litres. This is of course as long as you're at STP. If you change the temperature or pressure the molar volume will change and we'll learn how to deal with that later on. For now we're just going to assume that the gases are always at STP.