So, everyone, I welcome to start pumping in just three minutes. The host and presenter today, Melissa Armel, will share with us regarding pumping in just three minutes. Make up for you to see the title. Melissa has the first slide up already. Make up to 20k a month, creating 30 minutes a day. The presentation is sponsored by the start quick. Melissa Armel is the host and presenter today. We start pumping in now. Thank you again, everyone, and welcome. Last folks to join, I want to welcome Bob McCrater, Lax Bob, and another Randy S. Bob, with the online training center, welcome Steve. We are just starting pumping in just two minutes. Two minutes. Sorry. Thank you and welcome. Yes, we do see the slide. If you don't see the slide, it means the hot con. We've got a lot of stuff on the system and it goes to the past bar. It's a hot cam. We have Melissa beside it. Melissa F1. So it's a hot cam. And it is now exactly 430. Let me get the percussion check. Drummers, are you ready? Okay. That episode, ladies and gentlemen, is exactly 430. Thank you, Kevin. Thank you so much, everyone at Online Trader Central. Thank you for having me today. And welcome. My name is Melissa Armel and I own a company called the Stock Swoosh LLC. And today is a very interesting topic. Of course, we're going to talk about trading, a subject that I love, because I'm very passionate about what I do. I'm a full-time trader. And we're going to talk today about making up to $20,000 a month trading, 30 minutes a day. This is something that you actually can do. It is within the realm of possibility. And there's a reason. And we're going to talk about that today. Now, if you have any questions or like more information, you can go to my website, www.thestockswish.com, or feel free to email me. I'm Melissa at thestockswish.com. And, Kevin, you put my information in the room. I have a lot of videos on YouTube as well. I have a disclaimer here so everyone understands and knows that trading the market, that there's risk associated with trading the market. When you take a trade and trade the market, you, you alone are responsible for the risk you place in a trade. Now, today we're going to talk about making $20,000 a month. This actually comes out to about a quarter of a million dollars a year. In some places in the world, actually, crazy as it sounds, it's not a lot of money. It's not a lot of money, depending on where you live. And in some places, it's like you make millions of dollars if you make a quarter of a million dollars a year. And I'm talking about US dollars. But everything's relative. And everything has to do with how much you're risking per trade and the quality of the trade that you take and the time of the day that you choose to trade it. So we're going to talk about that today. So how can you earn up to $20,000 a month in the stock market? Well, is it possible to make this kind of money in 30 minutes a day? And the answer is yes. Why? Because you can trade the open. Into the open, into the market open, at 9.30 Eastern Time, when the stock market opens, this is the equity market, there is a huge amount of concentration that happens in that 30 minutes of the day where trades are put on or off by institutions. They make these plans to do so prior to the open. And there is actually volatility, momentum, and a reliability in this 30-minute time frame. It's a very profitable time frame to trade. The thing is that you can't trade it in everything in the market, meaning every single strategy or stock pick on any given day. It only works in certain things. We're going to talk about what today. And also, you have to know how to read it. I found that many people shy away from this time of the day because they don't understand it. And yet, I've grabbed hold of this. I've claimed this for my own this time of the day for myself, and it's a reason I'm very successful at doing it. And I do it myself, and I'm not teaching people. Here is the spy. This was the spy on Friday. You could have bought the spy into the open. This is a long, okay? The market was a long on Friday. You could have bought the spy into the open. Here's the open of the day. This is right in the first five minutes. It's a one-minute chart. And you could have been done actually in 10 minutes. Now, you could have carried the trade out for the day, but this move in here where you could have taken the trade, around 185.90-ish, ran all the way up here and ran up to about a 60-some cent move with a very small stock. This could have been your whole day, just this right here. And this is something that I call the money trade. This right here is the money trade. Now, you could have held it for longer. You could have held it all the way to 10 o'clock. Here's a nice, fat green bar into the 30-minute period into 10. But actually, if you wanted to do this in 10 minutes, you could have been done.  And again, this is a very profitable way to trade, okay? It's very concise. It's very precise. It's very exact. It's very defined when it sets up. I have high conviction when I see these setups. And this is how you can take trades correctly. So it is also possible to make this kind of money in the market, meaning a quarter of a million dollars a year, because there is a lot of money to be made in the market. This is a snapshot of Wall Street. There is a lot of money to be made in the market. And people are making a lot of money in the market. And I find it so interesting when I talk to different people, they think it's shocking, but how could you possibly make a lot of money in the market? Are you kidding me? The market is made to be making money. I mean, the market is there to make a lot of money. I mean, there are people that are making millions of dollars in the market. There are. Okay? Just because you don't know, it doesn't mean that they're not. They're there. Trust me. People are making lots and lots and gobs of money in the market. So how can you earn this kind of money in such a short timeframe? Well, you've got to focus on one strategy. Strategy has to make sense. And it has to be the focus. And this again sets up in the first half hour. It's gaps. This is what I trade. Ron can't see the chart there happy if you can help him. Can everyone else see the chart? This is CTRX. Can everyone see it? Here, I'm going to reset it for can really quickly. Can everybody see my chart here? This is a chart of CTRX. It's a daily. All right. Very good. Yes, I trade the one-minute chart. Stock Rod. Anyone else has questions? Let me know. But guess what, Stock Rod? I'm looking at this chart to decide what I'm trading. And then I'm taking the trade on the one-minute chart. That's one of the reasons why this system that I trade is so good, because I'm looking at the overall directional bias from the larger timeframe, which is a daily chart. And then I'm taking trades on the one-minute chart for accuracy. So let's look at CTRX. This was a gap. The stock closed. Close the night before here. And closed right around like 516-ish or so. Gap down. Gap down the next morning. Open. Open under 47. This is a gap. That closed at a different price last night than it did the day before. This gap actually set up on Thursday. So this was Wednesday night when it closed, and it gap down Thursday morning. Okay? So this is called a gap. That's the strategy. And one strategy is all you need. In fact, I'm actually a big believer. The more the time goes on, the better I get. I realize that in one direction is really key, too. Although you can trade my strategy in both directions. One strategy is all you need to earn a good living in the market. A good monthly living, okay? Playing professional gaps is a powerful strategy. It offers the opportunity to earn $20,000 a month for individual traders or much, much more. Traders can book profits with substantial gains in a timely manner, and this is actually very important, because as soon as you get green, you know, you're green. You're green for the day. You should never be green and the day not green, by the way, for those of you that are already trading. You can make money to pay your bills live a full life and work in less than an hour a day. Do not have time to take on a second job or a part-time job, meaning like another 20, 30, 40 hours a week. Trading is good because you can do it in a short timeframe and depending on where you live, you can even trade before you go to work or at work before your day gets hectic. Trading works as another source of income or a main source of income because the time commitment is small, comparatively, to other high-paying careers. Let's look at what I'm talking about here. Let's just get a basic overall general understanding and a perspective, because I think traders lack a perspective about how great trading really is. The perspective is that the amount of time commitment per day is low and the money is high per hour. We are going to look here at industries with the highest levels of employment, okay? I just took this off of a general site thinking, well, you always say physicians, but it's just a couple different things. Officers of physicians, the average rate of a doctor is about $103 an hour. Comes out to, could be anywhere between 146 and 215 a year, okay? This is an average rate. Surgeons, $67 an hour, okay? And the bottom line is that one of three in an hour is actually a pretty, pretty good income. Now, there are jobs where surgeons or maybe they were in the business for five, 10, 15 years. They have their own practice. They're doing surgeries. Maybe they're even making $150, $200 an hour, okay? It's still the amount of time that they have to work to actually make this on an annual basis. The time commitment is astronomical and this doesn't even include the schooling that it takes to get to this point because you can't get a job as a doctor. So you've gone to school and done residency and that's 13 years basically. So let's just compare this to trading. Early rate but pay per hour. Well, if you take the amount of money you make per hour trading, it far surpasses even the largest income producers for annual income. And that's doctors, attorneys, anything you can think of. Not only is it above minimum wage, it's far above the maximum wage earners. Compare approximately $103 an hour for top wage earners versus money and time investment in the market trading. So what really motivates you? If it's the money, if it's the money, okay? If it's really the money that motivates you, then trading is a great thing for you. For me personally, when I started trading, it was always the money. Some people like to trade because they think it's fun. Now I love to trade, I think it's fun, but that's not what motivates me. It's the money that motivates me. It's what drives me to work hard and to do this. And ultimately, trading is also about lifestyle. It's a great lifestyle when you trade why because you don't have to work 10 hours a day. You don't have to work 50, 60 hours a week. You don't have to work a long, long time, okay? So I love trading also because it provides more security. It provides more security because I'm the one that's making the decisions. I'm not working for somewhere else where I might get fired. I might not get over time, something like that. I'm basically working for myself when I trade the market and you are too. And I love trading because I love the lifestyle that I can have trading. Freedom of time, done in the mornings, and I can do other things of the day and also have weekends off. So you need the ability, which means you have to learn. The how, what, and when. The how is how do you make money in the market while you trade a strategy that's profitable and it's professional gaps. Those of you that are asking, the strategy is professional gaps. And I'm going to explain what they are in a minute, okay?  What stock should you trade? Stocks at gap and rate. And this is what I personally have designed. I've come out with a rating system. It's a 26-point rating system. Per the system, if the gap rates 20 points or more, I can watch it to set up in the day and I trade the gap in the direction of the gap. So if the gap stops gapping down and it rates 20 points or more per the 26-point rating system, I will look to short the stock on the day. When do you trade them early in the morning, on the open, when they set up and trigger? I'm talking about right now shorting stocks at gap down or you could buy stocks that gap up if they rate 20 points or more. You are always looking to trade the gap in the direction of the gap. Per the rating system, it must be 20 points or more. So for bearish gaps, I'm shorting and bullish gaps are buying 20 or above, although I personally like to short. One quality strategy, that's all you need. You can make a living doing just this. You can make a living doing just this in one direction and just trading the beginning part of the open. Gaps offer a payout with good risk to reward trades. And there is just no substitute for learning what to do because if you don't know what to do, you want to have conviction. If you don't have conviction, you won't risk your own money. And if you don't risk money trading, then it will be impossible for you to make it in the market. That's the caveat. So knowing how and what to trade and when makes a difference in your results and gap trading, and this is the strategy, is a lucrative method to use to get paid by the market and it can be done. It can be done on doing it, on doing it for years and on teaching people how to do it too. Trading is about generating income. Income generation. I don't care if it's part-time or full-time, it's making money. And gap trading offers traders visible income production because the risk to reward is so great. And also they happen on a regular basis. Every day you get up and learning the market, there's gaps. This isn't a strategy like breakouts or climaxes or something where you see it like maybe three, four times a month. You get gaps every day. Now there might be one or two days a month where somebody doesn't meet the criteria and then you don't train them, but then you don't trade that day. There's still 20 trading days in a month and most days out of the month you get gaps. We're talking about stocks, equity stocks, day trading stocks. You are actually taking the position in the equity trade. No options. Although you can take an option in a trade, trading the option in the direction of the gap, you'd have to rate the gap and take it that way and it would be an option trade. It would be different from an equity trade. I trade equities. And if you want a trade for a living then it's very important to learn how to do something you can replicate in the market over and over and that's how you're going to get the consistent income generation. Money coming in every day, every week, every month. So if you've been looking for something to make money in the market or some kind of strategy you can grab hold of and say, yes, this is it. I like this thing. Yes, I get it. Gold and gaps, which is what I name my system, is the profitable strategy to trade. So how do you find these? How do you look for them? How do you rate them? I use the checklist. I use a 26-point checklist. I use this myself by creating it. It's on the Nally chart. I'm looking for things on the daily chart. If I get them, I add them up. 20 or more. I'm looking to trade it in the direction of the gap. This rating system measures the gaps by rating them on the daily chart to find which stock, because there's many, many stocks in the market, to trade. I'm looking for, number one, a high probability of directional bias for the entire day because sometimes you can get a move that moves all day and you can take it as a swing or a court trade. A big move on the day, which usually happens right in the morning. Early confirmation of the bias and here we go. Move between 9.30 and 10. Move between 9.30 and 10. Into the open. First 30 minutes. Be in the trade. Boom. Precise entries with follow-through and a good risk-to-reward and target potential. So what is a professional gap? For those of you that do not know, golden gaps, a system that I do, they're professional gaps, which means they're made by the professionals. A professional gap is the gap that moves in the direction of the gap. It is called a professional gap because professional traders and investors are making and creating the gap. And by professionals, I mean true, true, true professionals in the market. Hedge funds, money managers, banks, trading desks, big, big traders. Professionals. Professional money, okay? So in the case of a bullish gap, professionals are buying a stock. Therefore, the stock moves higher on the trading day. In the case of a bearish gap, professionals are selling or shorting the stock. Therefore, the stock moves lower on the trading day. They're dumping it. They're getting out or they're shorting it. This is why actually I prefer bearish gaps because gaps that gap down have two things happening in them. And this is important. They got the shorting and the selling. And so therefore, they have the double the potential for a move. That's why I prefer the downside.  You can make money in both directions if you play it right. Okay, I've been calling the market long. Good calls have been making long in the market. And I haven't been doing them. I don't go long. I like to short. But you can go long professional gaps if they rate 20 points or more. I just prefer shorts. I like shorts better because they move so fast. Either way, the gaps and the reason the strategy works well is because they are made by large institutional money. Gaps are created with large institutional money and that is what makes the gap in the first place. For example, the gap that happened today in the market was not a good bearish gap. It should not have been shorted. It did not go anywhere and it was not as short and it was made by professionals. If it was, the market would have closed and had a huge red bar in the day and it didn't. The professional gaps play out in stocks are formed by one thing and one thing, only large institutional money. That's what moves the market. That's what moves stocks. And therefore, you need a way that will help you pick the correct direction to play the gap. And then confirm that the large money will flow with it, which is what you get into the open and the confirmation on the setup. So by having a formula to rate and qualify the gap, you get the confirmation and conviction that the large institutional money is on your side and then you play it. Gaps are an event and they create what should we do. This is what the institutions are deciding. They're deciding. Let's buy this. We have to buy it now. We have to sell it out. We have to do something right now. And therefore, an action is being forced by participants of the stock, people that are in it, people that are already in it, other people that are in it. And this is why gap training is incredibly powerful. So training gaps is a powerful and profitable way to trade because you're training on the side of institutional money. You're training on the side of power and these take positions and make decisions into the open. They do it early on the day. Early on the day and you can see it. And early trades provide good risk to reward trades and that's how you can make money as one person with your one singular account. So some of the reasons of training gaps is that it's a very high-paying career per hour if you figure it out whether it's monthly, hourly, yearly. Large momentum moves that create the profit, confirmation the gap will work or fail immediately on the open momentum happening into the open to take good risk to reward setups and the amount of gaps you have each day and week allows for multiple opportunities to trade like there's a lot of things to pick from a look at. You're not going to go a whole week and not trade. That's just impossible. You're going to get gaps and good gaps at least three to four days a week. So they provide regular setups and a lot of opportunity. One gap that happened here recently was on KO. This was opportunity. Opportunity to do what? To rate the gap. So you get up in the morning and you see what's happening. KO closed the night before. Up here at around $38.90. It closed here. Okay. Open the next day on the 18th. This was Friday. This was Friday night. This is the close of business. Then the next day this was on a Tuesday. Market was closed on Monday. The stock gap down. Gap down opened under $38. The stock gap down. What happened here? What made this gap? This was an institutional gap. It was a good, highly qualified, good golden gap. A professional gap was being made by institutions and it sold off on the day. So you see this, you rate it. If it rates 20 points or more you look to trade it and you look to trade it and you look to get the setup and you look to do it quickly into the open. And it fell. It fell hard on the day. It followed through and you could have gotten three moves out of this. So you actually could have been very aggressive on this. You could have taken this here. A better quality trade is when it drops on down and get a tighter stop here into the rally here. Still happening the first half an hour of the day. 30, 931. This is a one minute chart. Stock sets up here right here at 940. Look at this a beautiful setup of an entry. You short the stock here put the stop over here and you take it down. And that's it. That's the move. In 10 minutes you're done. You could have taken a little earlier. Stop here is better either way money, money and money. And that's it. You're done. You're done before 10 o'clock. Now it did break a little bit more. You could have made a little bit more money on the day. But basically this is a trade.  You just let it drop on down. You're out. And you look for the reversal signs. Trades set up at 940. Price of the entry was 37.73. Stop is over 37.83. And I do use stops. Everyone over to ask me if I use stops. Of course I use stops. I have to set my risk parameters. If I didn't use a stop I'd have an unlimited risk parameter and that does not work for me. That does not equal a profitable trader. I have a set amount of risk. I don't go over that. And you can if you're going to be successful. And you determine that but you must stay within that determination. Okay? So 10 cents is the risk. 5600 shares is just $560. First exit. This isn't even the lower of the day. Now we're even near the lower of the day. We're 37.35. Total profit on this trade in 10 minutes is 21.28. The risk to reward is 3.8. That means that for whatever dollar you trade you may 3.88. You turn $560 into 21.28. Rod is asking a question. He's saying did you need 211,288 for this trade? No. Not in cash because you have something called buying power. Any person that trades knows this as a day trader you have an account with a broker. The broker sets your leverage. You have leverage. You put the money in the account and they give you leverage. You don't need dollar for dollar the cost of a stock to short it or buy it when you day trade. I'm flat every day by the end of the day and even if I took overnight I'd still have leverage. It would be less leverage than I have in today so you do not need the dollar for dollar.  Depending on where you trade and you have to check with your broker you will get leverage and you have to check with your individual broker for that. That's the beautiful thing about trading. You get leverage. If I want to take 5,000 some shares of this stock I don't need 200,000 dollars cash. I use leverage for the position. Okay? Does that make sense? If someone doesn't understand ask me. Twenty one twenty eight for how many hours of work. Well let's just add it up. So an hour prep time in the morning because I prep in the morning an hour prep time in the morning plus 10 minutes in the trade that's one hour and 10 minutes of work. So you make 2,128 dollars less than two hours worth of work. Well at one of the highest rates per hour which is 103 hours per day we say you work 800 bucks a day as a surgeon. That's around 824 dollars per day. It's an example of a doctor's salary because it's a medium range. Even if it's a great doctor and he makes 200 hours per hour that's 1,600 bucks a day and he still worked 8 hours to get that money. You worked less than two. Okay? So do you see here? This is why this is so great.  That's why it's worth it to learn how to do it. That's why once you know how to do it your whole lifestyle changes trading is a luxury. If you can do it successfully the sky is the limit number one. And number two just the very essence of trading itself is a luxury. It's a luxury that some people will never be able to do. Okay? And if you have the know-how I can meet up with someone like me you've got a chance. Okay? Because it's a luxury a luxury that not all people that live in the world will be able to ever follow through and live out. Now did this actually have follow through this trade? Could you have done this as a swing trade? The answer is yes. Why am I throwing this out there? Because you could take a position you could take the position and you could go off to work. Do do do and you could leave and come back and look at the end of the day. Oh it's down here I like this it's getting near the target it's going to go lower I'm going to take a little bit off here at four o'clock right before the close and then I'm going to keep 100 shares or 200 shares and down into a swing trade. So I sit I'm on top of my trades in the morning but if you want to take the position and hold some overnight you can. Now your risk parameters are different obviously for holding overnight but you can do it if you don't have time to sit and babysit all day a trade in the morning for 30 minutes if you have to take it and go somewhere. You take it put the stop in come back and look at it four o'clock take it out leave a little bit in drop it on down to the next day for follow through and again you have to ask your broker what's your buying power is for over nights but you can get the follow through these gaps okay hold on one second let me get through some of this and then I answer some of these more in depth questions you have to open up a retail account you can open up a retail account and you don't have to be licensed you have to be licensed if you're going to take other people's monies if you don't want to take other people's monies you don't have to be licensed then you open up a retail brokerage account there's like a bazillion out there you can go to anyone you want to if you want to become a proprietary day trader then you are trading leverage you know the people's money and therefore then you do have to be licensed and if you have more questions about that you can email me I don't want to get too off track here about brokers because I'm not a broker so I'd rather just refer you to some people to ask those questions okay bonus to the strategy the set ups worker fail immediately set ups work in the first 30 minutes of the day that's the great thing they either set up or they fail either way within the first half hour of the day watching the stock train you will see it set up or it won't set up at all and it will fail and you'll see it right away because if it fails you don't take the trade you don't waste your time you could go back to bed if you want to and you don't take anything else or you look at a different gap you don't waste your time with gaps they're very efficient they either set up and work right away or they don't the time commitment is focused on just that first 30 minutes of the day that first 30 minutes of the trading day to get the set up and this time of the day is accurate if you know how okay the timeframe is reliable and predictable and won't waste your time meaning you are going to see if it works or not right away if it does you take the trade and if it doesn't you don't here is one that failed people always want to know what one's failed I actually did not do this why? first of all it rated a 19 it wasn't over 20 so I have a system 20 or more watch it to trade 19 is 50-50 chance of working or failing I saw this fail I don't eat right away it only rated 19 I didn't do it I did not short the stock I looked at it it should have worked it didn't why? it didn't rate over 20 number one and it failed out of the gate and I saw it so there was no reason to waste any time on this you are looking to make three risk to rewards of the low end five on the mid end and eight to ten on the high end risk to reward that means dollar per dollar your goal meaning that I'm not taking a trade I'm not taking a trade unless I can get to a target not a dream target a mini-target of three if I don't see a mini-target of three I'm not going to do the trade that doesn't make any sense dream targets when stocks go to dream targets you can make eight to ten I'll answer all your questions and many here just let me get through this one chart here I won't forget them stay with me here was the failure now how did I see this what happened what went on with this FSLR gapped here closed the night before up here at fifty eight dollars open the next morning here at fifty bucks it gapped it gapped down it gapped down eight dollars every night stock opened this isn't there's nothing wrong with this here but then look what it did it opened here's the first five minutes of the day the first five minutes of the day the stock ran up hard and scooped around and ran all the way up to fifty to fifty-ish so this is what this is a failure and why? because this stock is too strong here now it did gapped down I mean there's nothing that's going to stop this from gapping down no matter what you this did this stock gapped down but do you see how that this isn't getting the follow-through of the continuation here into the open now could you have shorted this here yes you could have what I have no I see the failure right away also you did get a move because the stock really can move this was actually a dollar move but I did not do this and I would not have done it because it didn't meet my qualifications and also I knew it wasn't going to go red in the day if I'm going to short something I want to know that the bar is going to turn red the bar did not turn red the only time this bar was red was for a tiny little period here in the first 60 seconds of the day when it went down I made that tail and immediately bounced do you see what this happened so by the time the stock was rallying up here look at this here this is this is where it went up here so it's 940 do you see what the stock if you just look at this here it's 940 I'm not shorting that it's too strong do you see that so then so then I don't do it I see the immediate failure because the idea of shorting is you want to short something that's going to go red in the day that's going to be weak that's going to have the move and it has to happen in the first 30 minutes has to go red has to turn red in the first 30 minutes or you're not going to show you spot the failure immediately you don't waste your time doing it okay let me answer a few questions here for we get on the next example how often do the gaps work for you percentage of winners versus losers I don't know the exact percentage I can send you referrals I'm going to be conservative and say 70% winners and 30% failures although I have to be honest with you I think it's higher than that it's only because I'm so good at doing this so I want to be conservative and say 70% winners and 30% failures I do not get it right all the time I get it right a lot I get this right more than anyone that I know because this is all I'm doing I'm doing it every day this is all I'm doing I'm doing it for over five years I'm calling the market extremely well now it's been very difficult to call because I'm very good at reading charts and I read the gaps in the market I hardly ever lose I do have one or two days a month I might lose but I hardly ever lose I do not like to lose and any day that I'm down in the morning if I really wanted to I could come back I don't do that anymore but I'm good enough that I could so the fact is though that the strategy itself the system the rating system to conservatively say I'd say 70% work and 30% fail I would talk to people that trade with me that have been with me for a year or more and you can ask them nobody's going to say under 70% they're probably going to say higher I do run a room you have to take the class to become a member of the room I do not let people trade in the room and join the room without doing the class that is a decision that I made that I think is from the best interest of the people that are in the room because they do a lot of teaching in the room and also for individuals because you have to learn what to do you don't want to be a robot I call the trades live with the setups and the entries and the stops but in the end you've got to learn what to do what if I fly away tomorrow and you don't know how to trade what I'm doing you'll regret that so the time to learn is now the time to learn for me is now I'll tell you that right now the time to learn from me is now this year because I can't promise you how long I'm going to be doing this actually teaching not trading if you can't short a stock in your account you have to up an account where you can short a stock boom easy easy question free to some brokers where you can open up accounts to short do I have a bucket of stocks I trade consistently absolutely not no I trade a different stock every day sometimes I look for things for continuation the next day but that's it I trade a different stock every day 99% of the time I watch one thing one thing at the open that I like my top pick the best ready gap I'm very good at narrowing it down the things that I like I traded deck today for continuation that was it and I called the market long that was it that was it really well out of the gate so I shorted deck today deck was a short from Friday it was a continuation I did peer on Friday let me ask some more questions here when I rate the gaps the day before you trade on the same day no in the morning I get up in the morning start the room at 8am and that's when I'm rating the gaps you can rate the gaps at night when you see them at night I don't do that I just turn off the computer and stay away from charts and give myself a 24 hour break I look at gaps and spend in the morning I get up early 6, 7 o'clock start the room at 8 I'm looking at everything I'm rating the gaps in the morning you don't have to get up that early some people sun the room at 9, 9, 15 I think you've got to give yourself some time to prep it was 30 minutes an hour 8, 30, 8, 45 to roll out of bed and start trading you've got it you're not prepared you have to prepare gaps, gaps for many reasons Dave is asking about gaps you can stocks gap for so many reasons I almost couldn't name them all somebody gets on CNBC a frame or like somebody's stock or gap somebody quits the CEO dies there's an earnings report there's a pre-announcement there's a sector gap the market's gaping there's a downgrade there's an upgrade there's 24 million reasons why things gap how do I find stocks to watch? here are some free sites here you go these are free and you'll see these on these sites anything's adequate as far as your margin you're just going to have to size yourself accordingly you work with what you got whatever your buying power is if your buying power is 50,000 that's what you got to work with if your buying power is 100,000 that's what you got to work with you'll size yourself your risk size according to the buying power that you have available to your pie what's the learning curve with experience level somebody actually was asking me about this earlier and the fact is that it varies I'd love to tell you it's exactly this many days and this many minutes and this many seconds and then you're going to make this much money but I found in the year that I'm doing this there's actually many, many different types of personalities that exist in the world it's very interesting when I connect with people some people I connect with they're very experienced traders know how to read charts and candlesticks and everything else in the world but don't have any idea how to read gaps the way that I do then they take my class and they're like woo and they go right away and start doing fantastic because they're not brand new to anything but gaps or what I do specifically then I have some people that actually are trading for 20, 30 years who are experienced in reading charts but then I teach them something that's very, very different from what they learn and they don't take it and run with it because they have to unlearn something that they thought that was right but it's wrong do you get what I'm saying so then they have a little bit of a wiggly jiggly because in their mind they have to say wait a minute it's not right I know it's not wait a minute Melissa don't do that they're out of their head do you understand what I'm saying and that could be an experienced person then there's people that are brand new never traded a stock in their life never looked at a chart don't know what a candle is of no clue what a green body looks and they just learn everything from the get go from me and then we have a lot of questions a lot of questions that seem basic but I answer them and then I help mentor them so I can't even say a set time query why because everybody's personality is different and everybody's level of commitment is different to this if you have a level of commitment to this I mean that you really want to get it and you're serious about doing it then you can do it it doesn't have to take you 100 years you do have to have a level of commitment I do not use a scanner I used to pay for one I thought it was a waste between the other sites that are free my targets are not the same every day they vary depending on the chart the learning curve again I'm just not exactly sure what your personality is I could talk to you face to face if you want to talk to me and call me and I could give you an idea it might be but you got to be honest with yourself about what you know and whether or not you're willing to say I'm going to do what you say Melissa somebody told me the other day he said you know what whenever I do exactly what you say works or whenever I do exactly what you say not to do it doesn't work I said well that's an easy fix then do exactly what I say to do so you know


Welcome to all hands update. Here's what's happening around your Navy. Military and civilian personnel who use the Navy's morale, welfare and recreation and child and youth services in Monterey, California, Guam, Japan, Korea and Singapore may have experienced duplicate charges on their account from January to June of 2016. Commander Navy Insulations Command has established a webpage to assist NWR customers affected by this incident. Approximately 700 spouses and children were evacuated from Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba in preparation for the arrival of Hurricane Matthew. Relocating family members allows the installation to minimize operations during the storm and expedite recovery operations after the storm has passed. Sailors across the fleet celebrate Hispanic Heritage Month from September 15th to October 15th. To see how some sailors are contributing, visit age.mil. You can read more about what's happening around your Navy at navy.mil. Thank you.


Keenan, congratulations on being the 2019 Mustang breakout player of the year.  Really, really proud of you. Really, really happy for you. Congratulations.


Hey everyone, welcome to Rockin' Reflection in Primary. We are so excited that you are joining us today for this session. We are going to explore how to get your students even started with reflection in primary. And we've got a great panelist with us here today who's gonna share her tips and tricks with you. I'm Angela and I have taught kindergarten for 15 years. And I lead the community team here at CESA. I'm just noticing on this slide right here, this actually won't take you to these slides. That's kind of an old slide bitly link. So I'll try to update that before this goes out to all of you. But just note that you are going to get this recording, the slides sent to you and a certificate if you're watching live right now. For those of you watching via the recording, you also can get a certificate. You just have to listen for a six digit code that we will say in chunks during the session. So make sure you listen to the whole session and you should be all set to go. So today I'm honored to introduce to you Renee White. She is an amazing first grade teacher in North Carolina. And quite honestly, a couple months ago, I noticed Renee talking about her structure for really promoting reflection with her students in her classroom. And I knew it would be something our community of teachers wanted to hear more about, learn more about and really ask Renee all the questions that they might be so inclined to ask. So I invited Renee here to describe her setup for all of us. And I'm actually passing the slides to her right now. So she is going to get this going on her screen. Looks great Renee. So we're all set. Yay. Welcome everybody. I'm excited to be here. And just share a little bit about how my first graders have started to reflect with digital portfolios because we started collecting artifacts in the past four years that I've been using Seesaw and it's been amazing. And this year I decided to step it up a little bit and make them really think about their work a little more and how it relates to their learning and how it progresses through the year. So that's kind of where the idea came from. So we're just going to kind of explain through how it works. It's called Easy as ABC Symbols 1, 2, 3 and we're the Jackson 5 song. It popped in my head one day when my kids were just singing or dancing around the living room with it. And basically it starts with folders because that's the easy way to organize everything in Seesaw is to set up those folders and my kids have folders for every subject area and then I decided, well, let's just make one for portfolios as well. So when they think something's portfolio worthy and they want to reflect on it, they're easily able to access it. And if we wanted then to download it into Google to pass on for previous years, it would be really easy because it's all in one folder. So when we look at specific standards to reflect on, the kids go to just their math folder and choose a piece that they're going to look at and then they also tag it for the portfolio folder. So it ends up in both of their folders. Once folders are set up, this is where the easy ABC 1, 2, 3 thinking came in. I have them start by choosing an artifact and we talked a lot about what an artifact is. It's a good piece of work and the way that I sort of made it easy for my first graders to understand was by using ICANN statements in kid-friendly language to basically name the standard that they should have been learning where it wasn't as confusing. So they could just pick something like I can compose a T number out of 10s and ones or I can show how numbers are built out of 10s and ones and that would be the one that they brought up on their screen to tag for their portfolio and think about a reflection with. So the first part is just making sure that it matches whatever standard you're teaching. The next step was to make sure it really best fit what we were looking at. So we pulled up a lot of different examples at first when I modeled in front of the class and I said, you know, here's many different things that we've done for math. Would it work with this ICANN statement or this standard or would it not? And we had lots of discussions about why it would, why it wouldn't and if they would choose to pick it as one to reflect on or not because some of them even if they fit the standard they decided, well, it really doesn't look like best work. So a lot of it, I just pulled examples from students in years past without their name to keep it anonymous or I made some to have them look at and had a big discussion about, you know, which ones could really work and which ones couldn't that you would want to be part of your portfolio work. Then we took it to the C stage for ABC and that was to make sure it really connects to that standard. So they really looked at all of the work and we again had discussions and they got out little sticky notes and posted on our smart board like yeses and noes. You know, does it show that I understand that two digits of a number represent tens and ones or was it more some other standard that doesn't match that? So this one obviously could have been a yes. Another one over here could have been a yes with their tens and ones down below. They were like, no, that really doesn't work. We wouldn't pick that one. It's not the standard that we're focused on right now. And then came in the actual reflection part once they learned how to pick a good artifact. So we talked a lot about the steps in the reflection piece. And what I had my students do was use that awesome comment bubble underneath your piece in CSR or whatever work they're looking at. Click the comment bubble and type in one sentence that told what the piece of work shows they know. Basically how does it connect to that I can statement or that standard that you're studying? If they didn't wanna type and we started this like the second week of school, first graders are pretty slow with typing. They could talk, text it so it would type for them or they were given the option of typing that little microphone and recording what the piece shows they know with their voice so they were still able to at least give a reflection on their work. And on the slide, you see just a little example of one of my first years this year and it says, this shows I know that numbers are made with 10s and one. So they went right to the simple I can statement to show that it matched what we were studying. Number two, so number one was the no, what does it show I know? Number two is we call it a glow which is really just something great. What do they like about it? What glows about their work? What's something that they think they did really well? So in the same comment with that comment bubble, they'll write a second sentence about, I think that I did really well with this or I think that it shows that I really understand how to do this or I like how I explained this piece of my work. And if they didn't wanna type it, they could again use the microphone and put it in auditorily. At first it was a lot. So I had kids making like three separate comments. What number one shows what I know then they would comment again. Number two was my glow, what I like about it. So we did it kind of in baby steps at first. And this is a little kiddos example. We were still working on writing complete sentences but you can see he said, lining up was his second sentence. So I knew that that was the thing that he really liked about it. And number three is what we called a grow, a way that I can grow. And what it was was just either give me a third sentence under the comment bubble for the artifact or record a third sentence. And again, if they needed to do it in three separate comments in the beginning, I let them. Now we've been doing this for like a quarter and a half and most of them can get it all in in one comment. They type in three sentences or they record three sentences because they're getting used to the routine of how it works. So we talked a lot about what are good quality things that they would be able to put in there for a grow instead of just get better. Something like, I need to put in capital letters and that's what this friend chose to say about his writing or I need to explain how I solve the math problem more. So we really worked a lot on different types of sentences that they could use for things that they liked and things that they could do better because I knew in the beginning of the year I was gonna get things like, because it's great and I could just do better. So we really looked at what could you do better with it or what specifically was a positive thing that you liked about it. Do you have any questions? Wow, I bet there's gonna be lots of questions happening in Renee and I love it. So maybe just like hold yourself on this slide. A couple of questions that I'm going to ask while people are typing in their questions because I know they're thinking about this. I think it might also be helpful to know that Renee is in a year round school. So your itty bitty started with you in what month Renee? We started in July. Right, so yeah, so starting in July and Renee I would also describe as very willing to try new things and also does a phenomenal job of modeling and practicing and breaking things down into easily digestible steps for her students. So some people watching might be thinking, oh my goodness, I don't even know if my third graders could do this or type the comments in. Did you, when you started this Renee and I would imagine even step one is just figuring out which posts to choose, right? Like you're saying ABC. Absolutely. Did you kind of just break it up into that component first and do lots of modeling and practice? I mean, you've talked about it a little bit but can you explain that a little bit more for us? Yeah, for the first couple of days before I let them try their first sentence in the comment bubble, we did a lot of practice with some examples that I had and even in my sample student or my, you know, I set one under my name and our class account just on does it match the ICANN statement for the standard? Would you choose to even take that portfolio folder or not? So we had a lot of discussions and use like I said, little sticky notes for ones that I put up and they'd write yes or no. Yeah. So to kind of get them thinking along the lines of does it match? Does it make sense with what I'm supposed to be learning or is it something totally different? So we did a lot modeling with that and practice whole class. And then when you started having them do, you know the one, two, three, the typing, the reflection part which just side note, I'm so impressed you're having your first graders type. I would totally be like let's record voice but awesome, awesome. You're so brave. I would like to learn a little bit more about that. Did you just start with one aspect or did you just go like we're doing all three right off the bat?  I did, I did all three right off the bat and it was a little bit crazy but I'd say by the third week they got it and they can, I mean, I have a few new friends who are still learning but for the most part that I've had since July, they can do it by themselves. If I did it again, I probably would do like number one this week and then maybe add number two next week and maybe skip it a little more because it was a little bit nuts. Okay, so we've got a couple of great questions coming here. So Karen is wondering is there, and actually before I go into this question I need to give the first three digits of the code for the certificate. Those digits are nine, three, seven and I've got to remember to give the next three digits here and just a bit so keep on listening. She, Karen is wondering is there artifact, is the artifact something they already posted on CESA like an activity or also a general response that they've already completed and I'm just gonna answer that one. It's already in CESA, right Renee? Absolutely, yes. Martha is wondering, would you recommend having like a STEM sentence framed with an ICANN statement ready for them when they first start? I would, yeah. Cause that is something that when I, after I got my office started that's exactly what I was thinking next year when I launch it with a new group of kiddos that I would do that because I think it would be easier for them to have a sentence framed to start off with. Right. So Amy is wondering if you can share a little bit Renee about your thinking behind creating a separate portfolio folder when CESA itself is a portfolio. Can you talk a little bit more about that? Are you hoping that they spend a little bit more time even reflecting what goes into that special folder? Yes, that's kind of where it came from too and our district has been really focused on the fact that things can be a warehouse and hold a lot of work but it's not truly a portfolio of work unless the kids reflect on it and show growth and think about their learning basically. So that's why I set up the portfolio folder. So it's more of their reflective personal piece where they could go back even in fifth grade and be like, whoa, look what I did in first grade without having to look like through 700 entries. Right, right, right. And in Renee's class, they are posting a lot, a lot, a lot. So it might be something even I've seen teachers and I even did this on my own preparing for family conferences, for example, or parent-teacher conferences. I would have a pair down a folder that was specifically to highlight something. So that sounds kind of similar in this situation as well. My next steps. I'm like, I can use this for student conferences because they just have a... Right, right. Karen is wondering, how often do you have them do a reflection piece like this? I've been doing it almost every week. Almost every week on Fridays. So most of them have like a good nine reflections in there already. Got it. And can you just remind us too, when you started doing this with your students, like how many weeks into the school year? I started like week two. Wow, oh my gosh. Renee gets the gold star today, everybody. I was like, okay, what have you learned about? And we talked about it. So here's what we're gonna do.  And we started with just the, what is it showing? No, kind of as a class and learning it. And then I let them try one and we kind of just built it from the next week three. We kind of threw all of them at all at once. And it was a little bit too much. I probably needed to back step and baby step it a little more, but... Well, but jumping in there is great. I think one of the things that I noticed with my kindergartners, even not using this process that you're describing is even having them just post into CESA but just even record their voice with a sentence stem is really getting them to even start to think or practice that reflection. So it might even be easy just to think of it that way too of if they are taking a picture of the pattern that they created saying, I can create a pattern with three colors or something like that where they actually are verbalizing and taking that moment to think and reflect instead of just adding it. And I think that for many teachers even at this point in the year, it can seem really overwhelming to even just have the students, number one even posting on their own but going to the next level of not only only posting on their own but also reflecting. So I think looking at where your students are and what maybe they've already tried or experienced, thinking about maybe what is the next step you could take to move them along a little bit. Susanna is wondering how much time do you give students to complete the task reflection? At first it took a lot longer, like 35 minutes. But now honestly my whole class can get it done between 10 to 15 minutes. Yeah, they're great. Because they've learned the basic procedures and they know the sentence stems kind of to start off with. And do you Renee, do you as you are helping support them through the documentation process? Are you starting with a list of, oh, I need to have these displayed in this portfolio. Are you working from every single standard or are you choosing a few key ones to really build up multiple examples of or how are you approaching that? That's a great question. I tried to really hit the big overlying ones because I know there's some little substandards. So the big overlying ones, like can I retell a story? Do I recognize characters? And can I describe them in the book? Can I write this type of writing? Can I recognize how numbers are built with 10s and ones? And math, they have a lot more entries because there's just different standards that are spread out a little more. I felt like with ELA there was a couple more overlying ones that we could maybe just revisit a few times during the year. So that's kind of what I've been working on. And then science social studies, very similar. Kind of what's the big overlying purpose of the unit instead of necessarily one specific standard, but how do they all kind of tie together? Like what was the end goal that the student was supposed to learn? Right, right. And Lesheen actually has a related question. How many different content area artifacts do they reflect on weekly? I just picked one. In the beginning I picked, I was like, okay, we're gonna look at math. See if you can get to just your math folder and find one that would fit. And then I picked just reading. But the past two times that I did it, I let the students choose because they'd already done at least one for math, one for reading and one for writing and one for science and one for social studies. So I was like, well, you get to pick. Let's see what you pick. Right, right. Okay, before we go into more questions, I have this second set of digits for the certificate. If you're watching the other recording, those numbers are two, six, four. So Karen has another question. She is wondering once they choose their artifact, how do they write or record the reflection? Can you just review that? Is it just posting the comment? Maybe go back on the slide that kind of shows that because they've already posted to CISA, it could be a situation where they've already, it might already be tied together as a video. So using that comment is the best option. Sorry, caption is the best option. Yeah, that's what I found too, was just click in that little comment bubble way down here underneath the post and then writing their comment in there. So it's still connected to their original artifact, but it's added on as like another thought about it. And if they didn't wanna type it, then they would hit the little microphone and they could record their comment the same way. Yeah, and that's a good, that's actually a really good point too to differentiate. So they can either type a comment or they can record their voice in a comment. So that's also good to notice. If you're feeling scared about your first graders actually typing, Rene is so brave, I love it. So yeah, that's a good thing to point out. And actually on this screen, on this shot right here that she's showing you, you can also see that it's already in, or it's after the fact, but you can see it's tagged with the math and portfolio folders as well. So it's in both of those spots. Okay, so Susanna has a great question. How do you differentiate this assignment? What kind of accommodations can you offer for a student that struggles with executing the assignment? So Susanna, maybe you wanna clarify the post itself, or I'm assuming you're talking about any supports that she offers for students during this reflection aspect. Rene, what was your say to that? I'm hoping she's asking about the reflection aspect. Yeah, I think so, yeah. With that, I gave mine, I didn't print out and type up sentence stems, but I gave them some on whiteboards and had them maybe just verbalize and have a teacher or a TA walk around and help them sort of scribe what they would fill in the sentence stem and talk with them about what they would say. So even if it wasn't matching perfectly what was in the sentence stem, most of those students, I let them record with the audio because they were able to say it faster and easier than typing it or even writing it out with their hand. Yeah, so using that, the option to record the comment instead of typing it. And I think, again, you mentioned the sentence stem, I think is a huge way to support that as well. We use buddies a lot too in the beginning. Like I would let them ask each other, what comes next? What do I share after what I know? And they would remind each other, oh, tell something good. So we worked a lot with buddies and they could pause their comment midway or stop typing and then continued when they remembered what next step was. Excellent, so my questions are completely blank at this point. So if you're hanging out live, you have a couple more minutes to finish up. So if you do have a question, go ahead and type it in the question box. One of the things I often encourage you to do when you're attending these sessions is just to take a moment before you actually exit to be thinking about what action are you going to take after this session to try an aspect of this. So maybe it might be something looking at your students and saying, actually, you know what? My students aren't yet posting on their own. I'm still posting for them. Maybe that's where you're at. Maybe it's thinking about how could you have your students start posting on their own independently? If your students are already posting independently on their own, but maybe they haven't ever recorded even maybe a voice explanation of what's happening in the post or their reflection, maybe that's where you're going to start. If your students are already doing that, maybe you're ready for the next step of, as Renee described, trying to figure out what is a good example of demonstrating my learning related to a specific standard or skill to put in a portfolio. So think about where you're at or maybe you have a different direction that your brain is moving, but kind of take a moment to think through that before you leave today. Can you just go back, maybe really quickly, this would be kind of fun, Renee, you can go back to your A slide and then just quickly go through and just read like the ABC and 123 what it means just to kind of review the overall flow and concept. Could you do that? Absolutely. So yeah, we start easy as ABC, simple as one, two, three. And we start with A for choosing an artifact, something that's already in their warehouse and one of their subject folders that matches, and that's where B comes in, that matches best to one of the standards that we are studying. So not just matches, but matches best and is a good example of their best work and definitely shows connection, which is C to a standard that we've been working on or those ICANN statements in kid-friendly language that match the standard. So A, B and C are really about what are you studying, what in your artifact warehouse matches that 100% and which one's the best example that you could pick to reflect on. And then number one was first show, what is it, what does it show you know? You know, what is the whole point behind your artifact? What knowledge does it show you have as far as understanding the standard? And then number two, the second thing they post is a glow, something good that they really like about their work. And this was the one that we spent a lot of time on and number three, you know, what is a good thing that you can name and be specific, not just, I like it, but I like how I use funding marks. I really like how I showed how I solve the math problem and be very specific in that. And then number three was some way that they could grow, something they could improve upon. So this was another one we spent a lot of time with because instead of just saying, you know, make it better or be neater, which I got a lot of, we've talked about being really specific. If it's writing, you could say, I need to use capital letters or I need to use better spacing. If it's math, you could say, I think I should have explained it a little more or I need to make sure that I draw this out a little clearer, because it's kind of messy and hard to understand. So just being really specific in number two and number three has taken some time and we're still working on it, it's work in progress, but they're getting better. Great, thank you. I love that quick recap, I love it. Final question that was coming in before we scoot out of here today was, do we offer, does CSOM offer any resources or activities for ELL learners and or are there activities in Spanish? So I'm gonna point you, number one, to our CSOM activity library, there are thousands of activities there. You could search that with the keywords maybe ELL or Spanish or just start browsing your grade level. The other thing just to note as well is any content that you can create, you can post in whatever language you choose. You can, you know, that could be something also as well that you explore, but definitely check out our activity library. So thank you everyone for stopping by today and lots of thanks to Renee Renee.  Maybe if they're already on Twitter, they can check you out there or maybe- I do have a Google doc of like the process, ABC123 that I've made. They wanna hit me up on Twitter, I'm more than happy to share it. That would be awesome. So bug Renee, she is welcoming you to do that. So make sure you send her a message there if you're on Twitter. But thank you so much Renee for coming and sharing your ideas and examples. We really, really appreciate it. And I encourage everyone here right now to just take a moment when you leave to fill out a quick survey. We would love your feedback and we will see you next time.


Coral reefs are highly vulnerable to environmental stressors such as climate change, water pollution, and overfishing. These stressors often lead to changes in the coral's microbiome, which can have both positive and negative effects on the coral's health and survival. In this review, the authors found that despite these stressors, the microbial richness of corals was often higher rather than lower, suggesting that corals may be more resilient than previously thought. Additionally, certain types of bacteria were found to increase in abundance while other types decreased, indicating that the coral's microbiome may be adapting to the changing environment. Finally, the authors suggest that microbes may be used to identify resilient corals and could provide insight into how corals respond to environmental stressors. This article was authored by J. M. McDeviterwen, Julia K. Baum, Melissa Garan, and others.


And then, if we move further on, the next generation was introduced with the introduction of disc brakes. Right. And what do you think about disc brakes? I'm a Swiss rider living in a country where you can count the rainy days. So I'm happy to have it also because especially here in the area we have very steep downhills. Sometimes you go down for 10 minutes at 20% slope. Which was always a challenge with especially carbon rims. Yeah, I would say and that's something I do quite often. I actually have quite the collection of all race bikes and I take them back. And just this summer I was taking a bike from 2011, a T-machine with rim brakes on a dry day. And I had to say this was a fantastic ride. Yes. So what about from an engineering perspective? I think the biggest thing that somehow changed is forks for disc brakes have to be stiffer. Because the load introduction is further down on the fork. And I think overall disc brakes, bikes might ride a bit rougher than what we were used with rim brakes. But on the other hand today the wheels and the tires, they bring back some of this comfort. So I think it's hard to compare. But yeah, if there is one fundamental thing is that disc brakes brought additional and very high loads to the fork. Okay, thank you. Sorry to put you on the spot like that. That's no problem. I think that's also why you are here. So disc brakes on this generation, then also integration of the cables that we started this.


Yeah, an interesting question. I'm a philosopher, so maybe you're expecting me to now, you know, denounce what these people are saying, because they're saying that philosophy doesn't have a whole lot to do with whether we should be atheists or not, which would, of course, make the hiddenness argument completely irrelevant. It's a philosophical argument, not a scientific argument, right? So how should we respond to this attitude? Well, I think most charitably, I'm a Canadian, so you know, I'm naturally inclined to be charitable right at the start, most charitably we might take their view as involving the idea that theism is a fairly detailed and dense claim. It includes, among other things, the idea that God has created and designed the world in a manner that is incompatible with some things that science claims, for example, evolution. So maybe they take theism to entail creationism, the idea, special creationism, the idea that God has specially created in a very short period of time everything that exists in the world. Now, if that's what theism were, as you can see, I'm going to say it's not, but if that's what it were, if that's what we take theism to be, then clearly we're going to say that we have conclusive scientific reasons to deny theism, to be atheists, all right? So we don't need philosophy, right? Because we can see that theism entails claims which science has conclusively falsified. But, okay, here ends my charity. That's not what theism is for anybody who's spent any time seriously thinking about studying issues about belief in God. No, I mean clearly there's some theists to hold that view, but that's a view that includes a whole lot more than just straight theism. You could be a straight theist believing in God, the creator of the universe, being that has all power, all knowledge, all goodness, and love, and you could pack into it all kinds of subtle philosophical content, and a lot of people do. And now you've got a conception of God that clearly requires some kind of philosophical response, some kind of philosophical analysis, first of all, so we can understand what's being claimed, philosophical arguments back and forth to see whether there's any good reason to think that such a being exists. Science might have some role to play, but it wouldn't all by itself be usable as a way of showing that this claim is false. Now, some of the people that are mentioned here, I expect some of these scientists who say that philosophy doesn't have much value, are inclined to say they're not terribly interested in that idea of God, okay? And I think now they show their true colors because I myself am inclined to think that these people, at least on matters of religion, are not thinkers. We shouldn't consider them as thinkers. They are activists. These are people who see how a certain form of religion, that sort of creationist religion I was talking about earlier, you know, special design and so on, and the belief in that sort of religion on the part of many people, especially in parts of North America, Europe too, stands in the way of the progress of science, okay? And these are people who are really, really frustrated at how, for example, belief in evolution doesn't just spread around the world, right? And they would like to make that possible, and so they naturally are inclined to resist this sort of belief. This is what they're interested in, this kind of belief. As activists, they want to get rid of this kind of belief. And of course, to do that, all that you really should need is science. But if we're thinking about theism and we're not just activists, we want to be taken seriously as thinkers on the matter, then immediately we're going to bump into issues about which only philosophy can really illuminate us, potentially. For example, for that more sophisticated idea of God that I was saying somebody might develop, how are you going to refute that using science? What's your best bet? Well, it's going to be something like this, using science, the progress, the great success of science to support the view that I've called naturalism, metaphysical naturalism, okay? To argue that given the success of science, we should be naturalists. Naturalism entails atheism, so we should be atheists. But now notice what you've done. You've started doing philosophy, okay? So it seems to me there's a kind of dilemma here. Either you're people like this, either they're going to be activists or thinkers. You have to decide. It's fine to be activists, you know, I'll jump on that bandwagon. But if they want to be taken seriously as thinkers, immediately, immediately for any discerning person, they're going to have to take philosophy seriously. They're going to have to do philosophy. So that's at least an initial response to this question.