Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to Unizor Education. I will continue talking about certain fundamental functions and how to take the derivative from these functions. This lecture is part of the advanced course of mathematics for teenagers and high school students. It's presented on Unizor.com, and I do recommend you to watch this lecture from this website because there are very nice notes for each lecture, including this one, and exams for those who are interested in getting a little bit deeper into this. So today we'll talk about exponential functions and how to take the derivative from it. Well, let's consider the basic exponential function e to the power of x. Now, you remember how I introduced the number e. Basically, I was talking graphically about tangent at that particular point, and I said that, well, if it's 2 to the power of x, then this would be less than 45 degrees. If it's 3 to the power of x, it's greater than 45 degrees. But 45 degrees would be exactly at some number which I have called e, and the approximate value is 2.71, and it's actually irrational number, so it's infinite number of decimal signs here. All right, so that's the definition. Now, let's talk about how can we calculate what's the value of the derivative of this function? Okay, here it is. Now, as you remember, the definition of the derivative is limit f at x plus delta x minus f at x divided by delta x will delta x tends to 0. Now, our f at x is this. So we are talking about e to the power x plus delta x minus e to the power of x divided by delta x, right? Now, what is the addition of the exponential part here? Well, that's basically a multiplication because if you remember, a to the power of b plus c is a to the power of b times a to the power of c, right? That's basically one of the fundamental properties of exponential functions. So in this case, I can write that this is equal to e to the power of x times e to the power delta x minus e to the power of x divided by delta x, which is equal to, we can factor out e to the power of x. Now, what happens when e to the power of some infinitesimal value minus 1 divided by this infinitesimal value, whenever this infinitesimal value actually goes to 0, we have this as one of the very important limits, which looks like this. Limit e to the power of, let's say, a minus 1 divided by a as a goes to 0 is equal to 0. Sorry, 1. Remember this? And again, geometrical sense of this is the same as I was talking about. This is 45 degrees, right? So e to the power of a is this. If this is a, so this difference, this is 1, right? So e to the power of a with a is equal to 0 goes through 0.1. If a is equal here, then this is my e to the power of a. And if I will subtract minus 1, it means this part divided by this part. And as soon as a goes to 0, this tangential line goes to 45 degrees, which means that this should be equal to this and the ratio should be equal to 1. That's geometrical sense of it. So this is a known limit which we have discussed in one of the previous lectures. So as delta x goes to 0, this thing goes to 1. And the whole thing tends to e to the power of x. And here is the wonderful thing about this, that for this particular function its derivative is itself. So e to the power of x is the only function, actually, which has this particular property. Its derivative is equal to itself. It's a very interesting property and I was kind of very much surprised when I first learned about that. But that's the only function. That's why it's such an important number, e, in calculus and mathematics in general, because e to the power of x is the only function which actually has this property of being the same as its own derivative. And by the way, this function is defined for all real x. And obviously its derivative also has the same domain, all real numbers. All right, so that's e to the power of x. What other exponential function we can actually take derivative from? Well, another exponential function is the general one, which means f of x is equal to e to the power of x, where a is some positive number. Any positive number, okay? Now, so what should I know right now? Again, a to the power x plus delta x minus a to the power of x divided by delta x. And we have to find the limit of this as delta x goes to 0. Well, we will do the same, this is multiplication of a to the power of x times a to the power of delta x. So it's a to the power of x and that would be the... Now, what is the limit of this as delta x goes to 0? Let's just think about it. A to the power of delta x is the same as e to the power of natural logarithm a of a to the power of delta x, right? A is the same as e to the power of natural logarithm of a. That's basically a definition of natural logarithm, if you remember. Now, since this is true, what happens if I'm raising in one power and then the result raising in another power? It's the multiplication of powers. Again, known property of the powers. So, what can I do in this particular case? I can say that this is equal to a to the power of x times... Now, instead of a to the power of delta x, I will have e to the power of delta x times logarithm a minus 1 divided by... Now, you see, I would like to have in the denominator this, because then if delta x goes to 0, delta x times logarithm a also goes to 0. And then this thing would go to 1. So to compensate this, I have to multiply it by natural logarithm a, right? And now you see that this is 1, right? In the limit. So what's remaining is this. So my derivative is equal to logarithm a times a to the power of x. This is the derivative of this function. And natural logarithm is logarithm with a base e. The same e, very important number in all mathematics. Alright, so these are two very simple derivatives from exponential functions. Well, next would be probably trigonometric. That would be a separate discussion. Thanks very much and thanks and good luck.


My name is Tim and I'm from Hong Kong. Recently I've completed the 120 hour online TEFL course with ITTT. There are just a few things I'd like to mention about the course. It was an online course so it gave me great flexibility in terms of when I want to do the lessons and when I want to complete them. At the moment I'm working at a local school as a teaching assistant. However I do teach lessons as I've just been qualified with the TEFL. I think that the test after each unit really helped because it basically reinforced the information that we've just learnt and it was great preparation for the final assessment. And for my case I actually started a course as I started as a teaching assistant. So pretty much everything I learnt throughout the course I was able to apply. Especially I'll be teaching every week throughout the TEFL course and now that I'm actually in charge of a few classes and it's definitely good to get right into lessons and start teaching with the qualification. There are just a few things I'd like to mention however is that when I first applied for the course online I think what could have been improved would be the notifications with how so basically I applied for the course I think on the 21st or 23rd and I wasn't given the account details for example the login and the passwords until quite a few days later which isn't a problem then it would be nice if we were given some directions and instructions to wait for the required account details. And another thing I'd like to mention which is classroom management with the course the course unit was very helpful with plenty of information however I think it's one of those things where you won't realise how hard it is until you get to it. So I learnt my unit on classroom management and then started teaching and that's when I realised it's a total different story it was very hard for me as in Hong Kong our average class size varies from around 15 to 35 so whenever I get a bigger class and when they are slightly less capable with English it makes it a lot more difficult but otherwise I think that this 120 hour online course has been great and I've learnt a lot from it and it's definitely benefitted me now as a teaching assistant and that's all I want to say. Thank you.


Tell me what it is you'd like me to help you with. The man in the three-piece suit with his long blonde hair tied back into a braided ponytail said, I, I want you to make it so I died instead of her. I stuttered, fighting to hold back the tears that threatened to stream down my face. You do understand the cost of such deals, yes? The man questioned in response. I, I do, I understand, and I offer it gladly. I replied, holding my posture straight and with as much determination as I could muster.  And we go from there. He suggested he had a much kinder face than I would have expected. If I didn't know any better, I'd almost think he was reluctant to make the deal. I was always led to believe that these things were quite simple. Just sign on the dotted line, give a quick handshake, and the world gets rewritten for a one-time easy payment of one's soul. This felt more like an interview than a bartering session. One year to the day before this very meeting was when my life ended. Well, it may as well have ended as far as I'm concerned. It should have been my life that was lost that night. She was innocent. She was a far better person than I could ever pretend to be.  I never really appreciated her. Not nearly as much as she appreciated me, anyway. She was my heart, and I never really understood that until it was ripped out.  He asked me. I do. I replied, how many other people got the ones they loved killed because of these aspects of their personalities? Surely this man could see how awful a person I am. He, more than anyone, should understand that much. I knew she was tired that night, but she agreed to go to the party anyway. She said she'd go because I wanted her to. Had I been a better man, I would have just offered to stay home. I would have told her that I knew she wasn't feeling up to it. They were my friends, not hers. Sure, anyone who met her loved her. I don't think anyone who ever knew her didn't love her even just a little. She had that effect on people. She had such a pure and beautiful heart, and she was mine. She loved me completely. That's why she agreed to go with me that night. No guilt trips, no dragging her feet to get ready. She wanted me to be happy. Even though she was exhausted, I took advantage of that. Is it not possible that she wanted to go as much as you did? He asked, was he really trying to convince me that I shouldn't feel guilty? This is not how this is supposed to go. It was still my idea. It was still my fault. It should have been me. I insisted. His unexpected tenderness was almost frustrating me. Why was he making this so hard? She smiled and laughed all night, even though she'd worked all day. She told me that I could drink if I wanted to. She knew that alcohol would just make her sleepy, so she offered to be my driver for the night. She said she wanted me to have fun.  She said, gently running her fingers through my hair. But you're tired, I said. In all honesty, I wasn't trying to be convincing. I wanted to drink. I wanted to relax. I just came off three straight weeks of work the previous night. It was my first day off and almost a month. I'd slept in that day, though. I was rested. I should have put up more of a fight, but I didn't. I just went with what I wanted more. It sounds to me as though she genuinely wanted you to have a good time. He said his eyes were wide and sincere. She loved you. He concluded, she did. I replied, I couldn't fight off the tears any longer. I hung my head feeling shame for the scene I was making in front of him. I didn't want to show weakness, not to this man. She sat at the table in the dining room of my friend's house. Several of the wives and girlfriends were hanging out there. They laughed and joked about how drunk us guys were getting. I know she mainly took a seat because her feet were hurting. Her nursing job kept her moving a lot. She pulled a 10 hour shift that day too. Regardless of how beat she was, she still smiled. I would turn to look at her sitting with the girls and every time I glanced her way, she was just smiling at me. It's good to see you so relaxed and happy.  Her touch was always so warm. Do you really think this is what she'd want? The man asked, continuing his interrogation. She didn't have a choice in what happened. I replied, the tears still freely rolled down my face. Why couldn't he just make the deal already? It was close to two in the morning when we said our goodbyes and headed home. My motor functions were heavily weighed down by my inebriation. So she wrapped her arm around me and guided me to the car. After she made sure I was buckled in, she kissed me on the forehead and smiled widely. You have fun? She asked, brushing her hand across my face again. I nodded and returned to smile. Did you? I asked. She just nodded and gave me that half-smile that would make my knees weak even when I was sober. Did you believe her? He asked. She never lied to me. Not ever. I replied. It was true, well aside from the normal, simple lies we tell each other. No, I didn't get you that expensive Christmas gift, even though we both knew I did. Of course that haircut doesn't make your ears stick out. Yes, we'll be together forever. The drive back to our home shouldn't have taken long, but I asked her to hit up a drive-thru. My stomach was starting to churn from the alcohol. She shrugged and said, I could use something too. Still smiling at me. We got our food and got back on the road. My barely functioning hand reached for my large soda in the cup holder. I inadvertently knocked it out of the indention of the center console and onto the floor at her feet. She screamed and laughed when the freezing beverage splashed across her feet. Somehow she managed to control the car after yanking her foot off of the accelerator pedal. She turned the wheel to the side to guide us to the breakdown lane. You're not the first man to ever tip a drink onto the floor. He professed, in defense of my actions, why was he defending me? Is this really the man I arranged to meet? I was starting to believe someone's messing with me.  I pulled a handful of napkins out of a paper bag that had held our food. I'm so sorry. I insisted, chuckling along with her. She shook her head and gave me that gorgeous smile again. You better be glad I love you. She said with a wink, I am glad. I don't think I could be more glad of anything. I replied, we just stared at each other for a moment. I drank her gaze in like the most refreshing drink that could ever pass across my lips. How could I ever be so lucky? Even after all these years, I still got butterflies in my stomach when she looked at me like this. I love you so. I tried to say before my words were interrupted by the truck that crashed into our rear. I am so sorry. The man said, he put his hand on mine, which was outstretched on the table. His skin was warm and his eyes were glassy. The truck must have been gunning it down the road. It crumpled our small sedan like an empty potato chip bag. I watched my beautiful wife smash into the windshield when the driver's seat forced her forward into the glass. Time seemed to slow as I watched the smile on her face transition to surprised and shocked fear. When she made contact with the window, blood splashed across the glass, instantly filling the cracks with deep crimson. The way the headrest from her seat cut into the back of her neck. I knew she wouldn't survive this. I felt the car spin and flip while I watched her body slowly twist and contort in ways that any skeletal structure would not tolerate. It's not your fault. The man said, still holding his hand on mine. How can you say that? I shouted, pulling my hand from underneath his. It's all my fault. Her being there, her being up so late, her pulling over to the side of the road, her being dead in my arms. I screamed as tears flowed freely. I was unable to even attempt to fight against them. The man studied me for a moment. I couldn't help but feel like he was inwardly mocking my crumbling outer shell while I fought to compose myself. I do not believe I can help you, I'm afraid. He said after a moment of silence. What? I asked anger bubbling over inside me. I shouldn't have allowed myself to become so irrational, but his behavior through the entirety of our conversation had bothered me in ways I still can't describe. You're not exactly a fit candidate for the arrangements I would normally offer.  Are you kidding me? I shouted, standing upright and kicking the chair out from under me. I'm offering you my soul on a silver platter and you're not interested. I exclaimed, this is some complete horseshit. I belted out, you're upset. And I understand what you're going through.  I raged interrupting him again. You have the nerve. With a simple gesture of his hand, the chair I knocked to the floor rammed into the back of my legs, causing me to fall back into a sitting position as it skidded back towards the table. Do not presume that my lack of interest in what you offer grants you permission to unleash an assault on me, child. He said, as his voice grew louder, though not in a similar manner as mine had in giving way to anger. It was as if his words echoed as they cascaded into the walls, causing the room to feel as though it were experiencing a sudden earthquake. His face formed a scowl that showed me a small glimpse behind the facade he wore to this meeting. I'm sorry. I stuttered, feeling my body tense all over. I didn't mean to.  I tried to form a coherent sentence, but my ability to form anything legible seemed a bit hard to get to all of a sudden. If you'll allow me to finish what I was saying. He continued, immediately regaining his composure. I will explain my reasoning. Okay. I replied, suddenly feeling incredibly intimidated by the man who sat across from me. He'd seemed just like a normal person when our conversation began. I even started to think he was not who I expected to meet, and this was some sort of elaborate con. I now had no doubt that I was sitting before the very being I sought out. A realization that made me feel very small.  He began, though I wasn't sure where he was going with this. What you offer to sacrifice your life for another's is quite the noble deed. He continued, some would consider this the ultimate sacrifice. Such an act would only remove my ability to take possession of that which you offer, thus negating the very bargain you seek to make. His words caused the emptiness that had consumed me since I lost my love to return with a stabbing pain in my heart. I'd given into the hope that I could reverse our roles in the accident that took her away from me, but that desire had finally proved fruitless. I slumped in my chair, feeling the weight of my loss begin to overcome me again. That being said, the man said, pulling me back out of my brooding thoughts, there may be another who can grant you a more satisfactory arrangement. The man got to his feet and pulled down at the base of his waistcoat. He reached into one of the small pockets on the side of his vest and pulled out a tarnished silver watch that hung from a chain that attached to the button that paralleled the pocket. He tapped on the glass with his forefinger and held it up to his ear. Would you be willing to take a walk with me? He asked, tucking the watch back into his pocket. I… well, I mean, where? I stuttered, having no idea where he might guide me. Only moments ago, you offered your soul on a silver platter, was it? He asked, with a slightly mischievous grin. I just chuckled nervously and rubbed the back of my head. I imagine it's a lot to ask, given my reputation. He said, tilting his head to the left, but would you be willing to trust me? His expression remained peaceful and even a bit melancholy, but this was not a man I would think to trust. Still, there was something in the way he spoke that made me want to. Okay, I said, standing up and straightening my back. The man began to walk to the back of the room. It was a deserted bar, in which I met the man that night. It was one I'd passed by many times, but never had the inclination to visit. It was only when I received the letter in the mail, with this very address on it, that I even remembered it being here. There was a single door at the back of the building, which I assumed led to a dark alleyway or even a storage room of sorts. I would be sorely mistaken on both assumptions when the door was finally pulled open. There was a payphone mounted to the wall beside the door, something I rarely pay attention to anymore, but the man reached for it as we approached the rear doorway. He held the phone to his ear and punched in a series of numbers on a keypad, though it was far more than seven digits of a phone number or even the ten if entering an area code. His fingertips danced quickly across the keys and I had no way of telling how many numbers he'd even punched by the time he latched the phone back upon its hanger. He then turned the door knob and opened the door to reveal what appeared to be a darkly lit cavern. He strolled through without hesitation and stood on the other side looking back at me with his arms behind his back. Do be sure to close the door behind you on your way out. He stated, In the months after she died, I became obsessed with finding any means of changing our fates. I'd wept and prayed every night since I lost her, though I'd never been a man of faith. I just grasped at anything, whether reasonable or free from any semblance of reason. After giving into the fact that seeking assistance from above was entirely pointless, I sought out far more unsettling methods of reversing my mistakes, even if it would cost me my soul in return. The cavern was massive. I could barely even make out the ceiling as it was so high above and only the torches that were mounted sporadically across the walls provided any source of light. The man didn't speak as he strolled ahead of me with his right hand placed in his left behind his back. Our footsteps didn't seem to cause any sort of echo and I could barely even make out any sounds other than my own breathing as I walked behind my well-dressed guide. I was bordering on giving into insanity while I visited everything from libraries to back alley bookshops searching for supernatural means of switching the fates of my love and I. Though I wasn't a believer, I'd always held a fondness for tales of the paranormal. Perhaps it was sheer madness that fueled my search, but my obsession had driven me to such lengths. I even sought out anything I could find on how to access the dark web when the strange email arrived in my inbox.  It was circular in its design and a lone individual sat upon an elegant throne in the center of the room surrounded by a seemingly endless configuration of floating hourglasses of all shapes and sizes. Some were elegant and lined with delicate filigree while others were downright plain and simple. Some were wide, some were tall, but there were far too many to even register. It was as though they filled the entire chamber with the exception of a thin pathway that led to a sitting man. He was tall, far taller than anyone I'd ever seen.  He seemed indifferent to our arrival at first. How are you, my old friend? The man bellowed in a voice that sounded ancient. I'm well, Janice, and you? My guide asked in return. I'm well, though curious as to what brings you here with such a guest by your side. The man who was apparently named Janice replied, May I speak with you privately for a moment? The man who led me here asked, We would be private. Were it not for the company you keep? Janice said, But you may approach. My guide walked up to the giant man who leaned over to hear what his guest had to say. He couldn't make out a word that was spoken between the two, but their conversation seemed heated and bordering on intense. The email came from an unknown address, and it contained nothing more than a single paragraph that ended with an address. It read, Dear sir or madam, it has come to our attention, that you have been in search of making a very specific manner of arrangement. Should your conviction to this cause be true, please send a letter to the following address, stating the nature of your request, along with a drop of blood next to your signature. Your reply must be handwritten in ink. Any type of response will be ignored. Should your request be of interest to us, you will receive instructions by mail. Thank you for your interest. I will not include the address that was listed, but you get the idea. The fact that this strange message had not been flagged by my spam filter led me to entertain the notion that it may indeed be worth a shot. As I previously stated, I wasn't exactly in my right mind, and I felt I had little left to lose. In my reply I followed the instructions to the best of my ability. I wrote down my request on a single sheet of paper and signed my name at the bottom. I dug a pin into the tip of my finger and allowed a single drop to fall beside my name. After allowing the drip to dry, I sealed it in an envelope and sent it to the address. It took several months for me to receive a reply. I had already long since given up on it and resigned myself to a depression from which I could not escape. When I opened the envelope, to see nothing more than another address along with a time in date of an apparent appointment written on a single sheet of paper, it took me a moment to figure out what it was referring to. That human friend you've been spending time with has made you soft in your old age, my friend. Janice called out to the man as he walked back towards me. Who I spend time with is not your concern, Janice. The man said, without turning back to look at the towering individual in the tattered robe, I would not even consider this if not for my debt to you. Janice replied. Do not presume that this will free you from said debt. The man said as he stopped beside me and spun to look back at Janice. They waged a silent staring contest for a while and I began to feel quite uncomfortable the longer this went on. Do not forget that I am older than you, boy. Janice said with contempt. The man beside me only smiled in a slightly mischievous manner as they glared at one another. After a moment of intense ocular standoff, Janice erupted in laughter, which caused the man to my left to offer a chuckle in return. Though my heart was still very heavy, the shared levity between the two brought a smile to my face. While they'd almost appeared as enemies before, they now carried on like old friends. Come on over here, boy. Janice said, waving me forward while still giggling. Go on then. The man said, nudging me with his arm while I stood frozen in place. I paced forward on trembling legs. I was completely unsure where this was headed, though the two individuals whose company I shared appeared far less intimidating as they smiled at each other. As I stepped up to the hulking Janice, he laid a giant hand on my back that felt as though it could easily wrap around my entire body. So this was what about one year ago, yes? He asked, while flipping through a variety of floating hourglasses, as though he was leafing through a phone book, um, yes, I started, yes, this will do. He said, as he wrapped a massive hand around a small, simple hourglass, I looked back at the man who still stood near the entrance with his hands behind his back. His face was expressionless, but I could swear I saw a slight smile attempt to weave across it. Are you ready, lad? Janice asked, gazing down at me with one hand still on my back and the other clutching the hourglass. I looked up at him and back towards the one who'd brought me here. He offered me a single nod, um, yes, I'm ready. I said, though I wasn't entirely sure what I was ready for. Janice closed his eyes as light bellowed from the hourglass he held. It shot out and swirled around the room and spun into a giant spiral of quivering energy. It flew around and around as it wound thinner and thinner until it pierced directly into my chest. Pain exploded through every single fiber of my being. I screamed out in agony as the force threatened to rip me apart from the inside out. A high pitched screaming sound practically deafened me before I heard a soft voice in my head. Was all it said. Suddenly I felt my skin burning as though fire manifested from underneath my epidermis. I knew that my life was ending. Was this the plan all along?  I felt the ground crumble beneath my feet and I was falling into a seemingly endless expanse. Darkness took the place of the blinding light as everything around me just faded away. Just let me take a quick shower and we can get going, babe. She said after walking through the door still in her scrubs, Caroline. I whispered, who else would it be? She chuckled, you better not have any other ladies coming by when I'm at work. She said sarcastically before kissing me on the cheek. The tears burst out of my eyes before I had the chance to take in what was happening. I jumped to my feet and I pulled her into an embrace.  You okay? She asked with concern in her eyes. Yeah, I replied as tears still spilled freely. It's been a long day. I said with a beaming smile. You sure? She asked, still wearing a worried expression. Yeah, yeah, babe. I think I just had a really weird dream or something. I smiled back at her and wrapped my hand around hers. Okay, then, she said, giving me a sideways and playfully suspicious look.  I'll jump in the shower and we can head out. Okay?  I grabbed her hand and pulled her back to me. I stared into her beautiful eyes while she gave me that curious look. I ran my fingers through her hair while tears went down my face. I just basked in her presence for a moment. Or I suggested, how about we just stay home tonight?


From The Conversation, this is Don't Call Me Resilient. I'm Vanita Srivastava. British people love to claim like this was our invention, right? We created the technology that allowed you to spool the cotton much faster. Yeah, but they don't want to talk about where that cotton came from because it didn't come from Britain. It came from the colonies. Here at the Don't Call Me Resilient Studios, we've been busy planning Season 4, which drops this November, and we've even started to think about Season 5. But we had to stop production to talk about something that we felt we just couldn't ignore. We've been watching this incredible spectacle around the Queen's death, and with it this outpouring of support and love for the British monarchy. Queen Elizabeth, as you guys know, was the official head of state of Canada, and in her funeral this past Monday was made a federal holiday. Here in Ontario, the Minister of Education directed schools to conduct a moment of silence in honour of her to recognize the profound impact of Queen Elizabeth II's lifelong and unwavering devotion to public service was what the minister said. But in the middle of this, what appears to be a united Canadian outpouring of love and grief for the Queen and the monarchy she represented. Not everyone is feeling it, including me. Not everyone wants to mourn or honour her and what she represents. And there are a lot of reasons why. With me to explore these feelings are two scholars who are regular contributors to Don't Call Me Resilient. Veldin Coburn is an assistant professor at the Institute of Indigenous Research and Studies at the University of Ottawa, where he teaches a class called Colonialism, Territories and Treaties. He is Anishinaabe Algonquin from Pickwock-Nigan First Nation and the co-editor of Capitalism and Dispossession. Welcome, Veldin. Thank you for having me. Also with me is Cheryl Thompson, assistant professor of median culture at the School of Performance and the director of the Laboratory for Black Creativity. She is the author of Uncle, Race, Nostalgia and the Politics of Loyalty. Welcome, Cheryl. Thank you for having me. We've all been watching this giant spectacle around the Queen's death.  I just pause and think about how we get possessed by these grandiose outward expressions of Western domination. I heard them in the coverage, you know, they kept saying, this is going to be the most watched funeral in the history. And it's like, yeah, Sherlock, because it's on every channel. It's like, we can't actually avoid it even if we want to. It's not because we want to watch. It's because it's watching us. Understand me. How many people have died in the last 10 days? Oh, I know. You're talking about COVID, but not just COVID. No, just in general, just think about food insecurity. I'm thinking about Turks and Caicos. That is a British colony. Is anyone having a day of mourning because a tornado or hurricane just went through? So for me, it's the grand disconnect that I see in the dominant culture to what monarchy actually means. Either they don't know or it gets suspended for this time. I'm just wondering what you think the Queen represents to all of these people that are there. They're lining up. They're 12 hours in line. And you know what, the BBC described the crowd as a diverse crowd. No. No. I kept saying to my Caribbean people on Twitter, have you seen any Caribbean person go up and say anything? I did not see one J.A., i.e. Jamaican person in that crowd mourning the Queen. I watched some U.S. coverage and the U.S. coverage they went to into a part of Brooklyn and they must have found the three black people they could find in Brooklyn who were mourning the Queen because the story kept going back to them. It didn't go beyond the three that they found. And so what I'm saying to you is that for me, monarchy is the psychic hold of slavery. It's like the internalization of your own inferiority is completely represented in the exaltation of monarchy. So every time I see the whole procession, I just keep thinking to myself, that's white supremacy. This is the biggest display of the superiority of people who are Anglo-Saxon Protestant. It's just what it looks like. Now does it mean that I am accusing these people of being racist? It's like people can't disconnect structures from individual acts. Yeah, exactly. We're not talking about this woman who died in her mourning family, we're talking about the structure. Honestly, a lot of it was really traumatic. I actually, I constantly had to turn off everything. I like to watch the news late at night because if you watch it very late, like after midnight, then you start to get the other stories that have been left behind. I heard about Puerto Rico after midnight. Oh, there's the floods in Puerto Rico. By the way. After midnight. I'm like, okay. So now I know. We're coming up on September 30th, National Day of Truth and Reconciliation, a day of mourning and here we are mourning the head of the British monarchy, which sponsored so many of these atrocities, including the reserve system, the residential school system. Veldun, how do you feel about this? You know, my thoughts are with other parts of the world as well. So Pakistan, right? And that's sort of in your neighborhood, Vanitas, the divisions, the territorial tensions that were left in the wake of the British leaving, not necessarily the motive, settler colonialism that we've seen here, but definitely military occupation and the administration by a military governorship over there that has left a century or so of hostilities between peoples that have ancient ties. And yet Pakistan, the country is under water right now and 1500 people have died and that has barely registered it. And for me, it was really obnoxious. This ostentatious display of imperial pageantry, mourning an individual who is the embodiment of, I guess, the state. It was like almost this, it's like this cult of personality that we ridicule in the West of backwards authoritarian, almost totalitarian, even in North Korea, for example, the totalitarian regime there, is the flocking of people who are probably downtrodden themselves. Their life outcomes were structured by a system that had this hereditary luxury of a family that can call themselves majesty, the imperialism too, as well as they're celebrating it. It's like, you know, if you're treated like us in the colonies, the Caribbean, African colonies, Asian colonies, and then the Americas as well, even I guess Australia too, for the indigenous peoples and nations around here, it was kind of, you know, there's a little bit insulting, just the fawning over a person who probably didn't care at all for them. But they think it's some sort of like maternal figure. In terms of our empathy, I don't really see it amongst ourselves. It was a matter of not our own truth and reconciliation, but the truth and reconciliation of all the, I guess, the subjects that have been colonized by this imperial power over almost a millennium of trotting around the world and subjugating nations. And stealing things.  This idea where we're talking about the impacts of colonialism and how people are just starting to talk about it. Well, not if you grew up in this kind of a community, this is not new. This is like day to day conversation. You understand right away the impact that British colonialism, British imperialism, the empire has not just on your home country, but also on your immediate family. Like there's, there's a lot of impact there. There's a lot of poverty. There's a lot of trauma, all of that. So I hear what you're saying in terms of this, who's celebrating? Why are they celebrating and what are they hiding and burying in order to do that? The Minister of Education actually directed all schools to do a moment of silence. And this week, the thing that's really, really on my mind is, you know, how do we explain this kind of hypocrisy to the children in schools that, you know, this week, we're going to take a moment of silence and we're going to honor and respect the monarchy. And next week, we're going to talk about Indian residential school systems and the history here in Canada. Do you, do you have some ideas of how we begin to talk about that hypocrisy to children? There's, there's so many hypocrisies in education. It all is ultimately tied into curriculum as well. The curriculum is so restricted that you just have to get through it. Like, I actually understand teachers at the primary level because they just have to get through it. So is there a time to really unpack and get into the nuance and get into the details? Maybe, but in most classes, I'm sure it was just, let's keep it top line. Maybe some principles might have said, here's what you should say to the kids. And they just go in and, you know, they just keep it so that everybody's on a unified front and they just keep it moving. In 1952, there was a more of a homogeneous population in the schools. It's just facts. The students were mostly white, European, descended, British, white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant in English, Canada, and so were the teachers. Now we flash forward to today and you literally have the offspring of colonization in the classroom. And yet who is at the front is still the lineage of the white Anglo-Saxon Protestant or they might be Southern European of some kind. Either way, European, descended person is still at the front, but you have all the colonies literally in the classroom. I think that's an awkward conversation. Any conversations around slavery, colonization, indigeneity, land, freedom, all those major concepts that are keep coming up the last few years are going to be complicated because the, if we see the teacher and I am an educator, so please teachers don't hate me, but if you see the teacher as the agent of the state at the end of the day, most teachers as agents of the state are going to keep to the state's line. Yes, they just are. Well, they were directed to. I also think it's an interesting how in some ways education is like the military. The directive comes down, you're the foot soldier, you go out and do the work. It just you don't, it doesn't mean you agree. I'm sure there's a lot of our teachers in the education system that are like, oh, man, do we really have to, but what power do you really have when the directive comes out? That's why everyone listening to this, please understand politics matter. You know, who you put in that position of minister of X matters. They make the ultimate decision. Everyone who comes under that, what can they really do? You know, the thing that's driving me crazy, too, is if Veldin, when I see that, like I've seen so many commentators on TV and even we had articles that say, you know, OK, we understand colonialism. We understand the colonialists were there. You may complain about colonialism, but what you got out of it is amazing. You got this system of commerce. You got the trains. I mean, the BBC correspondent, BBC Asia, you know, the economic correspondent was like, you got a financial system left in Hong Kong because of the British. I'm like, do you see what's happening in Hong Kong right now? You know, so why is this missing from this conversation? I saw something that was it did wrinkle me. It was on Don Lemon on CNN. They had a British royal watcher. Oh, my gosh, I saw this. Yes. And I think Don Lemon is can be pretty quick sometimes and he should have caught it. But he went to commercial and this this woman comes on and he talks about reparations for, I guess, all the bad things of colonialism, especially on to African people of African descent. And she comes and says, well, we have to go back to the beginning of the supply chain where who was putting these slaves into into cages who are then selling them? Well, it was their own people. And I wanted to say, well, you know, this is a system kind of introduced by the British themselves.  Hunter Rent talks about how you can get your own people to turn against your own in very atrocious ways based upon the systems that are introduced. But you know, what's also missing in this conversation and it's nuanced, I get it, is the fact that slavery has always existed. Slavery is eons, eons old, right? Slavery is actually not the issue. It is under British colonization that the degradation of the body is attached to the black body, that the black body is then deemed not human. Right. Under other systems of slavery, you were still a human. It was slavery was almost a kind of punishment, right? It was like you did something you're enslaved now.  The British are the people who said, you know, I think if we're going to keep this going, we kind of kind of make it so that black people aren't really human so that people enjoy the sugar, right? Because they're not going to be able to enjoy the sugar if they know that it's like other humans basically creating that for free. But if they're not human, then it's much just like the cotton. It's cotton. I was going to say sugar, cotton, the clothing. The sugar, cotton, tobacco. Go through the list. It's much easier to consume the commodities of other people's denigration if you begin to believe that they're not human. And so how did they do that through the visual culture?  So that is the difference. And I hate when they say, well, Africans sold other Africans in slavery, it's a much more complicated scenario, because they didn't necessarily then say when they sold their own into slavery, they're not human anymore. And they also didn't know that, oh, they're going to take this international. They're going to now take this to islands and make this a system of capital. I don't believe that was the thought. So I think it is a complicated scenario to explain 400 years of history in a flippant comment like that. Right. Well, that goes to like the sort of idea of personal responsibility. And you're born with your lot, especially with the monarchy and the social hierarchy that may have become public consciousness even after medieval state has been abolished. And, you know, we can have the House of Commons, but people are still thinking to say, you know, I'm always going to be lower class. I'm going to be part of the lower classes. And I'm proud to do that. Like I'm not going to be nobility and I'm not going to be a royal. But the idea of this individual, too, is like it was so complex. And to say, like, you know, actually, we should just trace it back to these five people, probably in Nigeria, who caged up their own. And I said, well, you know, perhaps they might have had prisoners. A lot of societies did that and they put them into cages. We've all had economic arrangements in our society where we've used slavery. Indigenous peoples had slaves, even on the west coast of Canada. But in your manner of deploying them for the dehumanized actions within your society was an altogether different story that you glossed over. Take like the the the cotton gin. British people love to claim like this was our invention, right? We created the technology that allowed you to spool the cotton much faster. Yeah, but they don't want to talk about where that cotton came from because it didn't come from Britain. It came from the colonies, right? It was shipped in. And so we think about the north end of the UK. And it's real, a lot of the factories that were like building up those like working class communities were literally benefactors of slavery. So how do you have those complex conversations with people? It's really difficult because all they remember is when the factory closed and how they came onto hard times. So we're talking about all of these, you know, atrocities, actually, and awful things that, you know, the monarchy represents. And now King Charles is now Canada's official head of state. Do you think we're going to get an apology from him? Do you think he's going to apologize for the monarchy's theft of land in Canada or the exploitation of indigenous peoples or any of these things? I think he might pass that on to William. I'll say that in Canada, not likely. There's a little bit of writing on the wall in some of the nations of which the indigenous peoples make up the majority. So congratulations to Barbados. But here in Canada, where we make up 4.5 percent of the population, we're still way outnumbered by ardent and very fervent, almost rabid sometimes, monarchists. I remember 10 years ago when I was still in the public service and I'm just finishing up my PhD and I worked at Ida, an indigenous person working in Indian and Northern Affairs, Canada, as it still was then. And my manager at the time was somebody who was this devout monarchist. That was at the time that Will and Kate got married. And so she was up at like 2 a.m. in the morning and she had her royal pajamas. I knew it was kind of odd being indigenous working there. I was naive at the time and thinking, hey, you know, I can do some good for my own people. But I've since been deprogrammed, but. But I don't think we're going to get that just because the mass of indigenous peoples isn't quite like, say, in Barbados, where they probably were, by far and away, the predominant majority, even like not just having a plurality. So we might have like 30, 40 percent monarchist, but not quite a majority here. So other states and Jamaica, I guess, is entertaining. The idea is, you know what, Charles, don't even show up, you know, because the ink is just going to dry in a few days anyways. And you don't have to go home, but you can't stay here. You know, Caracom, which is the big collection of Caribbean islands that have been calling for reparations for many years. I mean, the last five years, there's really been a shift in a lot of Caribbean countries. You can think about the last world visit from William and Kate. There was a lot of pushback and a lot of protest. But the reason I say that he's going to pass it to William, because let's face it, King Charles is what, mid-seventies? I'm just saying, I don't think we have a lifetime, right? We got a good decade, maybe 15 coming ahead, right? So the reason I say that is because William is a millennial. There's more of a likelihood in William's lifetime that he's had actual interactions with non-white people. It is very realistic in King Charles's lifetime. The only racialized people he's ever interacted with either worked for him or they were the people who were like, we love you so much. Harry might be able to help massage the situation. So I actually think King Charles will say absolutely nothing to any of the so-called Commonwealth nations. I think he's going to skirt it completely.  And let's face it, King Charles is not going to have that. So any apology that he might give, I feel like it would probably be a disaster. Even though when he gave the public speech, that recorded speech, about the death and what was going to happen, many people said that it was a good speech. They liked his tone. Yeah, but if you watched it, it's like the voice was talking and the body was saying something else. So I think it's going to be business as usual. To be honest, the monarchy isn't a very much a state of flux. Like I said, a lot of Caribbean countries are like, we're done. And they were literally just holding on for the Queen. I share that dim view of King Charles. I think it's going to be entirely status quo with him. But I also I'm also not holding out a whole lot of hope for William when he ascends to the throne, if he does, just because perhaps there's like those familial tensions now, because they do have a black sister in law, you know, his and she has kind of upset the internal dynamics as well. It was the British media that turned her black.  I was just on social media is just seeing what Cheryl's alluding to is there isn't quite the same barrier, although there is a bit of aloofness amongst, you know, Prince William and Kate's when they were doing their tour of the Caribbean or they're like, you know, sort of their tour of the colonies after seeing the pictures, like they're playing the drums with people and sitting down. I said, Kate, I think she's I think she's going to get cornrows, right? She's going to be one of those white girls that go down on spring break just to ingratiate themselves amongst the subjects in the colonies. Do you guys want to talk about something that we haven't talked about? For us here, we kept going in circles around Mary Simon. We were trying to figure out, you know, how is it that, you know, we have this official representative of the crown in Canada, who's also indigenous. What do you think about her role moving forward? On the one hand, I mean, she's Inuit, so she doesn't necessarily stand in for every indigenous nation. So there's those amongst 60 of us. And there's the importance of the idea of our relationship with the crown too. So the Inuits and they've there's they're almost like de facto while they're an ethnic majority in Nunavitz, it's federal territory, though when they voted on that as modern land claim in the early 90s and late 90s, the establishment is a territory where they make up about 85 percent of the population there is they did ratify the fact that they would like to be a sort of a federated unit within the Canadian sort of constitutional arrangement, although they're not necessarily a federated unit like a provinces. But they did state that they wanted a relationship with the crown. And these are the peoples that Mary Simon comes from. And that's great. It's a modern agreement, too. So it's not like the shady sort of it's still from my viewpoint sort of sells the Inuit short, although it's what they chose to do. But for a lot of other indigenous peoples, they still have hostility towards the crown. We'd like to abolish the crown because we're very much pro sovereign. Or there are others who say, well, we'd like to find our place within the Canadian constitution ourselves as separate peoples. And that we'd still have to have like a nation-to-nation relationship with the crown. So in that sense, like it does put a lot of things into flux for us that we can't necessarily quite tease out is would we'd like to be separate and sovereign? Would we like to be part because we wouldn't want to exercise, say, national authorities, like have our own armies in the same way that provinces that come into confederation say, well, we'll take care of our internal affairs. Canada, you've mimicked a model, especially in the Federalist Papers in the United States as they looked at the Iroquois of the Six Nations Confederacy and said, what a unique political arrangement. We'll just rip them off too and say, well, when we bring the 13 colonies together, we'll unite the states, we'll give them states rights, but then those will be sub state level governments and, you know, they can all have their own armies and systems of taxation. We'll centralize a few of those functions, but internally, they can take care of their own affairs, sort of like what Nunavut does. Although it doesn't say specifically for the Inuit, they do de facto make up 85 percent of the population. If a word happened on Algonquin territory, and we have the largest modern treaty on your way in Ontario's history for 36,000 square kilometers, and we're like two years out from the execution of that conclusion. We've been negotiating since 1991, and we don't get any of the sort of territorial rights and it'll just kind of be compensation for past wrongs or at least an arrangement for us to modify our territorial title. So it's not like we'll have a governing space that's territorially bound for ourselves. I don't know, it's the transient nature of the personal embodiment of who's in this particular position. It's a complicated relationship. Is there something that you want to address in this conversation before we leave each other? I mean, the only thing I can maybe say is maybe there's never been a moment where Indigenous people in black communities could come together in consensus around a single issue. This might be the moment. Well, that's a good thing. Yeah, even a few sort of white colonized people, too, because of the Irish. Ireland, I don't know if you heard Ireland, they had a really, they had a reaction and it wasn't a good one for the British people. I really liked reading the Irish Times, for example. It was a fun week to read that. If this bigger head brings all the loyal monarchists together across the globe, where the sun never still doesn't set on the British Empire, is that it makes us understand one another, especially from Indigenous peoples over here to Indigenous peoples in Africa, so from far off different places and the Indigenous peoples in Asia. So, yeah, she can bring us together, too. So a lot of the political leaders have said, we're in a very unstable time right now, so we really need to make sure we keep all the institutions together. And I thought to myself, if your life was fallen apart, you'd probably want something new. If the marriage is unstable, you're not trying to hold on for dear life to keep the marriage together, you're gonna want a divorce. We're in a point where that's actually the tension for me. There's a whole swath of the population that's like, let it crumble, rebuild, let's start over. For me, the solution to a failing monarchy is definitely not more monarchy. Guys, thank you both so much. It was a pleasure. Pleasure, Cheryl. Yes, thank you so much. This was a good conversation. That's it for this episode of Don't Call Me Resilient. Thank you so much to Veldan Coburn and Cheryl Thompson for taking the time out of their lives to share their insights. Let us know how you feel about any of these issues we discussed today. Queen Elizabeth, the crown, reparations, colonialism, or the governor general, find us online. I'm on Twitter at writevenita, that's W-R-I-T-E-V-I-N-I-T-A. Please tag our producers at ConversationCA and use the hashtag Don't Call Me Resilient so that our producers and other listeners can get in on the convo as well. And if you'd like to read more about the complicated history of the monarchy and Canada as part of the Commonwealth, go to theconversation.com. We have some good stories up there, as well as our own show notes with links to stories and research. And finally, if you like what you heard today, please tell a friend or ask your prof to assign us instead of a textbook. If we are one of your favorite podcasts, please consider leaving us a positive review on whatever podcast app you're listening to. Those reviews really help a lot and we personally find them super motivating. Don't Call Me Resilient is a production of The Conversation Canada. This podcast was produced with a grant for journalism innovation from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The series is produced and hosted by me, Venita Srivastava. Our senior producer is Lee Genovaro and Jennifer Morose is our consulting producer. Shout out to our newest staff members, Daniel Piper is our producer, Rukhsar Ali is an assistant producer, Remitula Shake is our sound mixer, Atta Kakaki is helping out with marketing and visual innovation, and Scott White is the CEO of The Conversation Canada.


Gallery North is celebrating the grand opening of its new space in downtown Bemidji after years of being located in the Inkspot building. The gallery says the move will help them expand their offerings, including larger classes and more space for their artist showcase. While the organization has moved into the space on 4th Avenue, it is still looking to raise additional money to add water in the classroom area and a mural on the outside of the building. The other businesses have just been wonderful as far as us having to run down there and borrow this or that in our quandary to get things ready to go in the gallery. So we're just really, really excited to be open and officially now in our new space. A special event will be held each day this week in honor of the occasion. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


The approval of one short Sputnik-Lite vaccine in India is definitely a very important milestone in the world's fight against the pandemic. So now more than 30 countries with a population of more than 2.5 billion people registered Sputnik-Lite vaccine. And it's really a Russian Indian vaccine because Serum Institute, the largest vaccine producer, Hetero and many other Indian producers are producing Sputnik-Lite vaccine now. And the vaccine is incredibly efficient against Omicron, which has been shown by an independent study in the Italy Spallanzani Institute, which showed Sputnik-V and Sputnik-Lite are some of the most efficient vaccines in the world against Omicron. And what's very important that can be stored at plus two, plus eight degree temperature for a very long time, making it a really viable solution, not only as a standalone vaccine, but also as a universal booster for other vaccines in many countries. So we are very happy with our cooperation with the Indian regulator, Indian government. This is the result of long studies in Russia, in Argentina, in India and many countries of Sputnik-Lite vaccine, which has shown to be one of the most efficient vaccine against Omicron. Very important going forward that Sputnik-Lite demonstrated great results as part of the mix and match approach with other vaccines, really boosting and lengthening the immune response. We showed this with study with AstraZeneca, with study of mix and match approach with many vaccines in Argentina. So this Sputnik-Lite going forward is going to be a very important part of the fight against the pandemic as a universal booster for many other vaccines, lengthening and strengthening the response against Omicron and other mutations.


Alright, so we're here with Nadi Shalom. Can you tell us who you are and what you do with OpenStack? Yeah, so my name is Nadi Shalom. As you said, I'm the city on final biggest places. And I think with OpenStack, it was just the idea when I met with my career. And I've been following OpenStack ever since and being a big supporter of OpenStack. Okay, and we are here at the OpenStack Day Israel. It's June of 2014. How many of these have you had? This is the fifth or sixth one, I think. I think fifth. If I count correctly, I stopped counting at some point. And by far, I think it's the most successful one that we had so far. How is it different than when you were getting started? I think when we were getting started, there was a lot of questions, or is OpenStack the right thing? Is it going to happen? Is it going to be successful? Is it something that I'm going to bet? Even until last year, I think that was the still, the main thing for like the clouds above the discussions. And I think this year it's more about how do I do things with OpenStack? How do I get started? How do I actually implement things? How do I move fast with OpenStack? And those type of things which made a completely different vibe to the discussion. So this is my second time to come to one of them here in Israel. And beautiful weather again. Besides the beautiful weather, what are some of the other things that you think makes Israel unique from the technology front? Yes, I think Israel, for a lot of things, for a lot of reasons, but the original ones and the type of culture that exists here is a start of nation. And I was referring to that for a long time. There's a lot of a technological atmosphere. Just because we don't have natural resources and we don't have other choices and our neighbors don't mind us that much. So our only way is to export, the only way is to innovate, to even survive. That created that kind of life mentality and culture that brought a lot of initiatives into the country and kind of drive that continues. So everything that is new, everything that does a revolution sparks the immediate imagination of a lot of people and get them plugged into it. And you were at the summit in Atlanta, right? How do you think the global community around OpenStack has grown and changed? Yes, so I second to Lorraine about it, I think that Atlanta was by far the most successful event of OpenStack since I've been in OpenStack. And one of the main reasons, again, is that shift between, from the point in which people are studying what is OpenStack and standing in the fence and looking how it's going to shape versus you see people are moving into execution. So that creates a lot of interesting intersections and dialogues that are very different than the one that I've seen last year or elsewhere or how you do things and also bring different people into those meetups. So you see business people, together with technologies and developers, low-level developers even, in one place that's a very rare thing. It's something that I've seen, I think, only 10 years ago, I think Java started or something like that. So it's really coming when there is a big revolution wave that brings a lot of those people together and the fact that you have those people together creates a lot of interesting things. Alright, thank you very much.


Hello and welcome to this session in which we would look at CPA exam questions that deals with consolidation, post date of acquisition. This topic is very important on the CPA exam consolidation in general, so you want to be very comfortable with this topic before sitting for the CPA exam. Here's why. Because on the exam day, they might give you what I would consider a simple question and we're going to get to this question in a moment. Let's assume you get this question wrong. From the AI CPA perspective, this question is easy because they have data that shows 80 to 90% of the students get this question right and you got it wrong. What does that mean? It means you as a candidate don't understand basic consolidation. Then they might start to ask you additional questions to make sure that you don't understand consolidation and as a result, you will be heading toward a grade below 75. Simply put, every topic on the exam is important, so you cannot skip a topic or know it halfway through or almost know it, so you want to be very confident. Therefore, if you are preparing for the CPA exam or if you are an accounting student for that matter, you could visit my website, farhatlectures.com, for additional resources, lectures, exercises, true, false, multiple choice CPA questions, whether you are taken backer, Roger, Glyme, or Wiley. I don't replace your CPA courses. You keep those. What I can be, I can be a useful addition to those courses by helping you add 10 to 15 points on your exam. How so? I can help you understand the material better. The CPA review course reviewed the material with you. I will teach you the material from scratch. I don't assume anything. And here's my offer to you. Here's what I'm offering you and here's your risk. If you subscribe for one month for $30, you may not like the system. You know, this is really useless. You regret it. Guess what? You lost $30. That's your max loss. What is your max gain? Passing the CPA exam. Are you willing to take a chance? Give it a shot. See if I can understand the material better. Maybe Wiley, Roger, Glyme, they're moving a little bit fast. I need some more information. I need to know the theory behind the concept. Check for hot lectures.com. And if not for anything, check out my website to find out how well is your university doing on the CPA exam in terms of grade average. Also I have resources for other courses, accounting, finance, tax audit. Please connect with me only then if you haven't done so and review my student recommendation. When the student write me a recommendation, you can see it under recommendation. See how they used my system to pass the exam. Please like this recording on YouTube and share it. Connect with me on Instagram and Facebook. Let's take a look at the first question. Basically because when there's a lot of numbers, read the question first. The 2020 total access amortization of fair value allocation is calculated as what? So they're looking for access amortization. So that's what you are looking for. Do you understand what access amortization is? Access amortization occurs when one company buys another company and they pay more for that company for various reasons, maybe because their assets are undervalued because they had an intangible asset that did not exist on the books. As a result, what's going to happen once we buy this company, we're going to have what we called access amortization. That's the basic idea. But let's go ahead and review the question to see how it works. On January 1st, Becker paid $1,160,000 to acquire Roger. Roger maintained separate incorporation. Becker used the equity method to account for the investment. The following information is available for Roger's asset liabilities and stockholders equity. So we have the book value and we have the fair value. So now we're going to compare each. Now I'm going to go through this problem, the long method, then at the end I will show you what you should do on the exam day. But I'm going to go through it through the long method. Current assets, $130,000, fair value, $130,000. Land is $75,000. Book value, fair value is $193,000. Usually, usually, for example, land, just kind of so you understand the idea why. Usually land, it will be reported on the books for less than its fair value because usually, if they usually land goes up, usually it's not always true. And what happened when you buy a land, it's always reported at historical cost. Therefore, when you come up with fair value, usually it will be valued at more. Therefore, notice it has more value. Building 20 years, same thing with building. Usually building increase in value. The fair value is $276,000. Equipment, a 10-year equipment, $540,000. The value is $580,000. Usually equipment, it will go down in value. Think about it. If you have a piece of equipment and you are using this piece of equipment, as you use it, it actually lose fair market value. In contrast to a building and land, they usually maintain their value or they increase in value. So this is what we have. Then we have current liabilities equal to each other. Long-term liabilities equal to each other. Now, in the real world, liabilities could differ. Not in the real world. Also, on the exam, they could differ. But here, they're not differ. Common stock, additional retained, additional paid in capital and retained earning. So what are we looking for? Well, we are also giving that net income is $134,000. Dividend is $51,000. Really, this is, I don't need any of this. All what I'm being asked is the access amortization. So I have to hone. I have to zoom in real quick if I understand my problem. If I understand what I'm being asked, real quick, you just zoom in to what you need to know. Okay. Let's start. You're looking for the accounts that differ. Why? Because somehow you paid more because of these account differ. We have three accounts that differ. Let's look at them. We have land. We have building and we have equipment. Those are the accounts that are going to result in access amortization. Since you identify the big idea, you always take land out because land, okay, I understand we're going to pay more for the land. Now the land is $193,000, but land is not depreciable. Land is not amortized. Land, we don't expense land. Therefore, really, we don't account for land. Again, why? Because land, we don't, although it's higher, let's think about it. We bought the land. We bought the land from them separately. We paid $193,000. We don't do anything with this land. We keep it at $193,000. However, when we bought the building and the equipment, and these are the accounts that deal with this question, building and equipment. Notice what happened. For the building, there is an access of $26,000. In other words, if we purchase the building from them, we would have, if we purchase the building separately, think about it, if we purchase the building separately, we would have paid $276,000, which is $26,000 more than what they have on the books. If we purchase the equipment from them, we would have paid $518,000. We would pay the fair value, and on their books is $540,000. Therefore, we would have paid $12,000 less. So what does that mean? Why am I breaking this into a separate asset? Because if you think about this problem as a separate asset, it's easier for you to understand the big picture. Because you're buying the building and you're paying more for the building, $26,000 more, what's going to happen is now you are going to increase your depreciation, increase your depreciation. What do I mean by that? Well, $26,000. Now, this additional $26,000, I'm going to amortize it over 20 years. So if I take $26,000 divided by 20 years, that's going to give me the excess amortization. So I'm going to divide this by 20, and this is a negative. I'm going to divide this by 10. So let's see. Let me just, my calculator is not working. Give me one moment, please. Let's use the computer calculator this way. You can see what I'm doing simultaneously. So if I look at $26,000 divided by 20 years, that's the remaining life. And that's going to give me $1,300. So I'm going to have for the next 20 years an additional depreciation of $1,300. And let's take a look at the building. The building is 540 minus 518. That's not 12. That's 22, actually. 22 divided by 10, that's going to give me negative $2,200. What does that mean? What does negative mean? Well, because I purchased this equipment. On their books, they have it at 540. I purchased the company. When I purchased the company, think of it as I purchased that equipment separately. On my books, it becomes recorded at 518. And as a result, it has a lower value. As a result, it's going to have a lower depreciation. Therefore, overall, the net, because of the building, I'm going to increase my depreciation because of the equipment. I'm going to reduce my depreciation. Therefore, I'm going to have a net savings. Net savings, I'm going to put that in quote, net savings. There is no savings here. Simply put, my depreciation overall, so at the end of the every year, I'm going to have to reduce my depreciation at least for the first 10 years by 900. Then eventually year 1112, I will have only the 1,300 imply. But for now, they're asking us, what's the total access amortization? It's 900 and it's negative 900. Notice it's negative. Simply put, my depreciation, it's going to go down for at least the first 10 years by $900 as a result of this purchase. Why? Because I purchase assets that are less than their book value. Less than their book value means when I depreciate them, I'm going to have less depreciation than the original company. But when I consolidate, I consolidate everything. So when I consolidate, I consolidate this asset at 540, but I will make the adjustment when I book the depreciation to reduce it. So this is the idea. So simply put, on the exam, if you are being asked, those are the two accounts that deal with access amortization. And you will perform this computation real quick. OK, I went through all of this to explain the big idea. To simply put, you're going to have a reduction or a savings and depreciation for the next 10 years. Why do I say the next 10 years? Because the equipment after 10 years, it will go away. The effect of the equipment will go away. And year 11 through year 20, the building will stay there. And I will start to increase every year to my depreciation 1,300. This is beyond the scope of this question, but it's good to know. Let's take a look at this question, which is related to the prior question. Same information, except what's the balance in Becker's investment in the subsidiary account at the end of 2021? Simply put, what is the balance of the investment? That's basically what we are asking for. What's the balance of the investment in Becker's account? So what's Roger's balance? Well, when we purchased the company initially, we paid $1,160,000. We paid $1,160,000. Sorry. So this is investment and Roger. And we paid $1,160,000. Excellent. Then Roger earned $134,000 of income. That's going to increase our income by $134,000, because we consolidate. Roger paid dividend of $51,000. We're going to reduce the dividend by $51,000. So let's take a look at this and see what we are at this point. We have $1,160,000 plus $134,000 minus $51,000. And the answer here is $1,243,000. And one of the answers is $1,243,000. And I hope you're saying, Professor Farhad, hold on. Don't keep going. Yes, I'm going to keep going, of course. Now, if this is all we are giving, but notice this information here. Remember what we did in the prior problem? In the prior problem, in the prior problem, we noticed that we had access amortization. Actually, it was negative access amortization. Remember in the prior problem, we said every year what we have to do, we have to reduce, we have. This is what Roger reported in their income. That's fine. That's what Roger reported in that income. That's fine. But really, when we consolidate, we have to reduce depreciation. The reason I say depreciation, because both of these accounts are depreciable, we have to reduce depreciation by how much? By $900. So if we reduce our depreciation by $900, our net income will go up by $900. Therefore, we're going to have to add $900. Now the balance, now we have the right balance. It's $1,243,900, and the answer is D. So notice answer C is there to confuse you. Of course, it's there. Now I doubt it, not I doubt it. It's, remember it this way. It's not likely that you will get a multiple choice on the exam like this. Not likely as a multiple choice. But you might get this in the form of a simulation. But multiple, because it takes a lot, there's a lot of, quite a bit of computation. Simply put, we have, we already computed this $900 already. But if you have to do this $900 here separately then add income, deduct dividend, it may take a little bit of time. It's not likely. I'm not saying it doesn't happen, not likely. The CPA exam questions are presented more like something like this. I mean, they do come with numbers, but they are cleaner, cleaner, not like what we looked earlier. So this will be like maybe one of the first question you'll be asked about consolidation. Which one of the following account would not appear in the consolidated, would not appear in the consolidated at the first physical period of the combinations? When you combine the two companies, which account would not appear? So if you don't know this question, I would say you're not ready to take your exam yet. What does that mean? Go to farhatlectures.com and start with your advanced accounting course lectures, right? Of course. So which account will not appear when you combine the two financial statements? Would good will appear? Sure. If you did consolidation, good will might arise and it might appear on the financial statements. Of course it will. Equipment, of course. If you either have equipment or they have equipment and if there is equipment, it will appear on the financial statements. Investment in subsidiary. Investment in subsidiary. Would that appear? No, here's why. When you combine the financial statements, when you combine, when you think about the concept of combining, what am I combining? I'm combining my cash with their cash.  And for all these assets and liabilities that I'm combining, I paid the price. I made an investment to buy those assets. Now, once I combine those assets, I cannot keep the assets and the liabilities, the new assets and liabilities, and keep the investment account. Then I'm accounting for the same thing twice. Therefore, when I combine, I take out the investment in subsidiary. So when I combine, the investment in subsidiary account is eliminated. Therefore, this account will not appear. Would common stock appear? Sure, the common stock will appear. And to be more specific, only the common stock of the, so just wanna make sure of the parent company. The common stock of the subsidiary will be gone as well because I purchased their common stock when I purchased my investment, okay? So when I purchased my investment, so when I purchased their assets and liabilities, simply put, assets minus liabilities equal to their common stock. So if I purchased their assets and I purchased their liabilities, I technically purchased their common stock and paid in capital and all that other stuff in the equity section. This is another question or you might see a question like this.  Let's read it and see how easy this question is on the consolidated financial statement. And you will, like a question like this, you might see it on the exam. And let me tell you something. If you see a lot of numbers in the question, it means the question is easy. They're trying to test your basic knowledge. They're trying to test your basic knowledge. On the consolidated financial statement, what amount should be shown for the consolidated dividend? That's what they're saying. So you're consolidating two companies. What amount should be shown in the consolidated dividend? Well, immediately, immediately, immediately, you should know this before sitting for the exam. The only dividend will show on the consolidated financial statement is the parent company dividend. This is what I just told you right here. I told you here then, when you consolidate, all the equity is gone and simply put, in a sense, the dividend is part of equity. It's a reduction in equity, part of equity. So all the equity and equity-related account are gone on the consolidated. Okay, let's, now knowing this, even I don't have to read the question, I can tell you the answer is A. But let's read the question. While you paid 2.8 million to acquire all the common stock of Glym on January 1st, the reported earning, Glym reported earning of 512 and paid dividend of 160. The amortization of allocation related to the investment, the amortization amount was 280. While the net income that included in the investment was 3,310,000, and it paid dividend of 950. I apologize, now I'm glad I read the question. What amount that should have been shown for consolidated dividend? And the answer is only the parent company. What I meant to say zero, it means we don't show anything from the subsidiary. So the answer is 950, only parent. So simply put, only parent. This is what I meant to say, but I selected zero. Zero means no sub-dividend. Sub-dividend will not show on the consolidated financial statement. Only the parent companies. When you consolidate, the only dividend you would report on the consolidated financial statement is the parent company. Only common stock for that matter. Only equity, only equity. Like common stock, APIC, those are all the only the parent, just like dividend. So I made a small mistake here, but that's fine. You really learn from my mistakes so this way you don't make those mistakes. Only the parent company. As always, at the end of this recording, I'm gonna ask you to like it, share it, and remind you again to visit my website, farhatlectures.com for additional resources. Whether you are taking any of these review courses or not, it's irrelevant. I can be an addition. I can be a useful addition to your CPA course. Check me out. Your risk is limited, $30 canceled. If you don't like, if you like, of course you can keep. And I like if you keep, it will benefit you. It will benefit me. It will benefit everyone. We have more CPAs in the real world. Study hard, good luck, and most importantly, stay safe.


10. Year. Old boy throws water on neighbor's cat. Owner teaches a lesson by throwing water at him. The post on Twitter quickly went viral and divided people as to who was right or wrong. A post on Twitter where a woman recounted how she threw basin water on a neighbor's son after he poured water on her cat has divided people. The viral thread had many debating and commenting as to whose action was wrong or right. Twitter handle at Shannen Co-op Rocks wrote a post on May 20 about how a 10-year old boy next door threw a cup of water over my cat while he was just sitting on the fence and minding his own business. Not only did the kid throw the water but he even laughed about it angering Shannen further. She immediately reacted and threw a basin of water over him from the window as an act of revenge. The boy's father got to know about the incident and was at her door going mental about what she had done. Shannen, however, is not one who felt even an ounce of guilt because she said the boy deserved what she gave to him. She concluded her tweet with a warning, I don't see the problem, don't touch my cat. As of Wednesday, this post has been retweeted 79,000 times and liked over 600,000 times and received over 4,000 comments. In a later tweet, she also named the boy's dad as Brian and said she would not mind throwing the water even him too if he wronged her or her cat. A lot of people supported Shannen and said she was right in reacting the way she did because the boy needed to be taught some manners from his dad. Twitter handle, BPD and me at underscore Hallamama replied to Shannen and stated, it's water the dad needs to chill. He should teach his kid to be nice to animals. I would have answered the door to a bucket of water in his face. Another handle, April slash Moose, Uranimus, at Uranimus continued in the same vein, justice has been served for the kitty.  I don't let little kids anywhere near my pets if I can help it. They're too damn rough and their parents don't do anything about it until the kid gets scratched or growled at. Others like Mills at Millie Daydreams wanted the revenge to be taken a notch higher with Shannen actually throwing water on the father of the boy. This person wrote, just start throwing water on the dad now. Don't stop throwing water until your cat is avenged.   If my child is doing wrong you come and talk to me about it and I will correct it. Another handle Brit brat at underscore Truee Bliss said she would have pressed charges if she was in the dad's place. She replied to Shannen's post, you said he threw it over your car who was on the fence, so the cat didn't even get wet. Maybe he wanted to play and wasn't sure how initiate it. If I was his dad I would have pressed charges. Anybody who reacts like that off of a first offense is somebody to be watched. Shannen realized the angry reactions over the post and addressed this fact in another post two days later where she wrote she and her neighbors had made up about the incident and were even laughing about it. Shannen wrote, people are so mad over this, the kid and his dad were laughing about it today, we are friends, also might I had the dad never knew what his son done which is why he was mad to begin with, also the kid is 13 he really looks fkn 10 lmao. And as they say, all's well that ends well.