In this presentation, we will discuss property, plant, and equipment. Note that property, plant, and equipment may be called plant assets or depreciable assets. And property, plant, and equipment will include things that are tangible, tangible, meaning we can actually touch them. They're things that are physical, tangible, we can move them around typically. They're going to be used in the operations. So when we think about the tangible property, the same type of property could be either inventory or property, plant, and equipment, depending on the use of that property. In other words, if we had something like a forklift and we used it for the business, that would be a form of property, plant, and equipment. However, if we're in the business of buying and selling forklifts, then it would be inventory. So we're talking about those types of tangible assets that are going to be used in the business for business operations and they have a future benefit. So note that all assets basically have a future benefit. That's why we hold them. That's why they're assets. That's why they're not expenses. We have not yet consumed them in order to help generate revenue in this time period. We're holding them with the hope that they will help us generate revenue in the future. When considering property, plants, and equipment, we often have that question as to should we put something on the books when we purchase it as an asset or should we put it on the books as an expense. Most of us intuitively know that certain things should be assets such as buildings, such as equipment, and we'll take a look at those examples. However, we don't often know exactly why we intuitively know this, and the rule is because of this future benefit. If we're purchasing something and it has future benefit, then oftentimes it should be put on the books as an asset. If we buy a car, we're not consuming the car today for today's use. We might be using it a bit today, but it's going to be used a long time in the future and therefore should be capitalized on the books and then expensed over a time period. So these are going to be the components of the assets that we're talking about in terms of property, plant, and equipment. The life cycle of property, plant, and equipment typically will start with the acquisition with the purchase. So for example, if we're purchasing a building, we're going to have the acquisition first. Then we're going to allocate cost to the periods benefited. That's going to be the key point here. That's why we capitalize it because we're cannot allocate the cost at the point in time that it is purchased even if we pay cash for it because we're going to be consuming this property, plant, and equipment through future time periods and therefore under the matching principle must allocate the cost to those future time periods when it's consumed in order to help generate revenue. So of course, our problem is going to be how to do that. We have different ways that we'll talk about how to best make that allocation and we'll need estimates in order to do that. At the end of the assets or the property, plants, and equipment's life, we will typically dispose of it at some time. Most property, plants, and equipment will not last forever and will have some point in time where we will need to dispose of it. And that's going to be the major three kind of journal entries that we'll need to be making when we buy property, plants, and equipment, which is pretty straightforward. We're just basically going to debit property, plants, and equipment and assets and credit whatever we pay for cash or a loan. The tricky part will of course be the allocation and we'll talk about different allocation methods and how to calculate allocation methods. And then we'll have the disposal, which can be a little bit tricky as well because we will be introducing a new account and that's going to be a contra asset account, accumulated depreciation. We've probably seen it before, but we haven't really calculated it and work with how that number comes about. The acquisition cost is going to be part of the property, plants, and equipment and that's pretty clear. When we purchase property, plants, and equipment, we know that the purchase price of it will be part of the cost. But it's also important to note that expenditures to prepare for use will also be needed. So if we're putting something in place, if we bought a refrigerator and we had to put the refrigerator in place and pay for that installation, then that installation, although it wasn't the sticker price, is part of what we need to get it up and running in operations and therefore would be part of that property, plants, and equipment that we would capitalize, not expense and then allocate over the useful life. So if we talk, there's a few different categories now of property, plants, and equipment. One is going to be machinery. So we're talking machinery and equipment and that of course, when we buy something like a forklift, it's going to acquire, we're going to have the acquisition cost, we're going to have those expenditures used expenditures to prepare for use of that forklift. So whatever we need to do to get the forklift up and running in addition to the acquisition costs we're going to include, obviously the price is going to be included in terms of what is capitalized. What we're adding up here is what is going to be capitalized as this forklift. And you would think it would just be the sticker price, but all these things would be included the acquisition costs, the expenditures that the price would be related to it, the taxes, if we had to have sales tax on the forklift, that would be included. Any installation, obviously a forklift, if we had to transport it here, probably installation wouldn't be here, but transport would possibly be here if we had to buy the forklift and then ship it, then we wouldn't be able to just expense the shipping cost. And note that's really the difference here that we want to keep in mind. The question would be, well, what about the sales tax? Can we expense that or should we capitalize it? No, we need to capitalize it because we're purchasing the forklift. What about the installation if we had to install anything to get the forklift up and running? Can we expense that or should we capitalize it? Well, if it's for the initial purchase and we need to make the installation, we should typically capitalize it as part of keeping the forklift up and running, getting it ready for use. Transportation, should we expense that if we had to pay for the transportation in addition to the sticker price of the forklift or capitalize it along with the forklift? We should capitalize it typically because we needed the transportation in order to get the forklift up and running and for use in the operations. Transport insurance is another example, if we had to pay for insurance during the transport process, that should be capitalized rather than expense as well. Another category of property plans and equipment is building. So if we purchase a building, we have similar types of things where the question is, well, what are we going to include in the cost of the building? Similar reasoning would be in place, but we have a few different factors when considering the building. Obviously, the purchase cost or construction would be in the building. So if we just bought the building, then whatever the price would clearly be in it. If we construct the building, then it can be a little bit confusing to think about because the construction process could be a long process and we're basically capitalizing everything through that entire process of constructing the building as part of the cost of the building, meaning we're not typically expensing anything during that construction process, we're going to put it on the books as a capital asset. The title costs, taxes, broker fees for the purchase of the building, attorney fees for the purchase of the building, these are all going to be things that will be capitalized along with the building because they're needed to be done in order to get the building up and running. And again, the question would be, well, can we expense these things or should we capitalize them? And it really depends on your angle as to what you would want to do as a business, like what does the business owner would they like to do. Notice that capitalizing typically makes the business look better because we're putting the asset on the books and we're not expensing it over time as quickly, we're not just writing it off at this time period and therefore net income will typically be higher as well as assets. However, for taxes, we would typically want net income to be lower in order to write off more deductions and have lower net income and lower taxes. So depending on what your what your objective is, the business may be asking either way and hoping either way that some of these things can be either expensed or capitalized as part of the building. So for example, they might be hoping they can expense some of the taxes related to the building so that to lower their taxes, their income taxes and the brokerage fee, the question could be, well, can I write off the brokerage fee this year rather than capitalizing it and then expensing it? And those types of things can add up and we got to follow the rules here in terms of what should be allocated, these are going to be part of the purchase and part of getting the building up and running, and therefore should be part of the capitalization of the building, not expense when paid, then we're going to have land improvements. Now we've got land and then land improvements. Land is is is what it is, it's just going to be the land that the building is going to be on. And it's not something that's going to depreciate. Now things we put on the land that are going to be permanent structures like driveways, fences, shrubs, lighting parking lots, those are all going to be things that we're going to say are land improvements, typically. And so those are going to be the type of assets we have for land improvements. We're going to depreciate over the useful life of the improvements. And that's going to be important because land doesn't typically go away, but the improvements will. So whatever we do to the land, we're going to, we're going to, if it's a typically something that's kind of like be permanently attached to the land or installed in the land in some way, that basically if you sold the land, you'd still have the structures on it most likely, then those are going to be improvements and those will deteriorate over time and therefore need to be depreciated have need to have the cost allocated. However, the land itself once purchased, you don't really depreciate that the cost is what it is. And it's going to be there for good, the land's not going to go away in a human lifetime, hopefully. So then if we have land, it's another category of property, plants and equipment, what is included in the purchase of land, obviously the purchase of price of land, same principles that are in play here, the title insurance. So that would be part of the cost of the land, the title insurance, the surveying fees. If there's any surveying fees, that would be in cost of the land and be capitalized. We've got the real estate commissions, that would be a cost of the land. And we've got the title search and transfer, also going to be a cost of the land and improvements.


The Assemblies of Member States of the World Intellectual Property Organization opened their annual session on Monday, October 1st, 2012 with a message from Director General Francis Gurry about the increased importance of intellectual property in the innovation ecosystem. Intellectual property is an indispensable part of a successful innovation ecosystem. It captures the economic value of innovation and it provides a secure framework for the difficult and long and complex journey of an idea through to market commercialization. The Director General said the determining position of intellectual property as a driver of innovation and competitive advantage, as evidenced by the growing number of patent wars in courts around the world, underlines the need for a rules-based international system aligned with today's economic and technological realities. Now, since innovation is becoming one of the most, if not the most important means of establishing competitive advantage, and since intellectual property captures the economic value of innovation, it's hardly surprising that intellectual property is becoming the battleground for competition. And I believe that that is what we are witnessing with the patent wars in the smartphone industry and more generally in the information and communications technology industry. Both areas where investment in innovation has been considerable and where it's been innovation that has enabled market leadership to be established. I believe that these developments that I've mentioned are all game changers. Geographically, economically, and strategically, the position of intellectual property has changed fundamentally over the course of the last 20 years. And if we continue to use reference points from a different game that was played in a former era, I think we run the risk of no longer being able to follow the play. During the course of the WIPO assemblies, member states will take stock of the organization's work over the past year and consider accelerating negotiations in a number of substantive areas which can contribute to reducing legal battles that are focused on IP. In the first place, I think the position of intellectual property as the battleground for increasingly intense competition reinforces the need for a rules-based international system. Rules should provide an even playing field and they should save us from the temptation to lapse into technological protectionism or mechanicalism. We have a number of items on our normative agenda that are approaching maturity. And it's hoped that these 2012 assemblies will be able to establish a clear map forward for each of these items. Mr. Gury noted the constructive spirit which led to the recent adoption of the Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances in June 2012 and expressed hope this would carry over in other ongoing negotiations. In particular, he urged member states to endorse the proposed roadmap for a new international instrument on improving access to published works for visually impaired and print disabled. He also called for the conclusion of a new treaty on design law formalities and encouraged member states to work towards a positive outcome in discussions on an international instrument on IP and genetic resources, traditional knowledge and cultural expressions. In the evening, delegates attended a performance of classical and folk Indian dance by the Ankara School of Dance, which was co-organized by Waipo and India's permanent mission to the United Nations engineer.


Hey everyone, welcome to another video lesson from navigationtrading.com. In this video, I want to discuss tasty works and give you a full review of their platform. And we're going to go over seven different criteria which we think are the most important when it comes to evaluating a brokerage. So to start with, we're going to talk about trading commissions, we're going to talk about their customer service, their order entry platform, how to monitor your current positions, their charts, the tasty trade and follow page features that they have and lastly, their analysis screen. So let's jump right in and talk about trading commissions to start. If you go to our website navigationtrading.com, you can click on preferred brokers. We have two different preferred brokers, TD Ameritrade, Thinkorswim and Tasty Works which we're talking about today. And if you scroll down, you can see the trading prices. So Tasty Works made a splash a couple of years ago with their unique commission structure and the way that that works is when you're trading options, it's just a dollar to open and there's zero commission to close the trade. On futures options, it's $2.50 to open, zero to close. And with the commission war going on between all the brokers, everybody seems like dropped their stock trading commissions to zero. So Tasty Works is no different, zero to enter and zero to close a stock trade. And then futures $1.25 to open and $1.25 to close. The other unique aspect of Tasty Works commission structure is that they cap their commission. So if you're somebody who trades a lot of contracts, you can see there's a couple of examples, 20 puts or 20 calls in a single legs, you're capped at $10 opening commission and of course, zero to close. If you're doing verticals, which are two legged spreads, $20 would be the cap. And if you're doing four legged spreads like an iron condor, you're capped at $40 per trade. So when it comes to trading commissions, Tasty Works is hard to beat. Number two on our list that we want to talk about is customer service. Now, I've been trading on Tasty Works since they very first opened and their customer service is outstanding. You can call them directly and anyone who answers the phone is going to have very high level of knowledge when it comes to the different trading strategies that you can trade on the Tasty Works platform. And they're also very responsive by email. I would say the one negative that they have from a customer service standpoint is they don't have an actual chat ability directly from the platform. So I just pulled up the platform. Some platforms will have a little chat box where you can click that and just text in and chat with a customer service representative on a trading question or an account issue and they will respond back to you. Unfortunately, Tasty Works doesn't have that hopefully at some point in the future. That is one of the features that they include. The third criteria for our review is order entry. Tasty Works has done a great job with this as well. It makes it very easy. There's a couple of different ways to enter your orders. You can simply just click on the bid to sell and click on the ask to buy. You can do that both on the put and the call side, a pretty traditional option chain platform. The other way you can enter orders is they have some preset spreads available. So if you're going to trade an iron condor, just hit go. It populates those legs and then you can just grab and click and drag those to whichever strikes make sense for your trade. You can also adjust the strikes up or down using the arrows down here below the option chain. You can widen them with this tool and also kick up your quantity of number of contracts easily. Go up and down with these arrows here. Use different expiration times further out in time, shorter duration and so forth and so on. Then you can just hit review and send and send that order on its way. Very simple. Moving on to criteria number four. If you click on the positions tab, this is how you can monitor your current positions. I really like the layout of what they've done here. They've obviously given the price of the stock or symbol that you're trading. The profits that you have currently open. The profits that you've made during the day. The P&L percentage. So this is the percentage of max profit that you're at. Also theta and they automatically beta weight your delta to SPY to give you an idea of how long or short your portfolio is. You can expand each symbol to show exactly what you have on in each individual symbol and how many days until that trade expires. So it's very clean, simple and gives you everything you need to monitor your positions. The next criteria we'll look at is the charting platform. So the charting platform within TastyWorks is very basic. If you're the type of person who needs a lot of custom indicators and some crazy charting capabilities, TastyWorks is probably not for you. At Navigation Trading, we are not big technical analysis people. We don't believe it actually gives you any type of edge when you're trading. The only thing that we at Navigation Trading use charting for is to see where the price of a specific symbol has been. The charting package does include some indicators. So it's all your kind of off the shelf standard indicators, but as far as kind of your custom indicators, the charting package does not include anything and there's no capability to create custom indicators on their platform. One of the other cool features that you'll see inside TastyWorks that's not available inside any other platform is the ability to watch TastyTrade. Now TastyWorks is obviously created by the owners and traders at TastyTrade and they have programming that you can view all day long on different segments and options strategies and all different kinds of things throughout the day. And then the other feature is the follow page. So all the people at TastyTrade, if you want to follow some of their trades, you can click on the follow page and check out exactly what they're doing and they post different trades when they make them throughout the day. And the last criteria for our review is the analysis tab that's available on TastyWorks. So if you just pop out your screen with this little arrow here, you can see that you can check the different contracts that you have on and you can view analysis. Now the trade that I clicked on was a double calendar spread in SPX. And as you can see here, the risk profile and the visual representation of the trade on their analysis tab is essentially worthless. Now when TastyWorks came out with their analysis tab, I had high hopes because it was the same development group that created the analysis tab on the Thinkorswim platform. So I thought, oh, this is going to be great. It's going to be bigger, faster, greater than the Thinkorswim analysis tab, but unfortunately they have fallen extremely short. And so if the risk profile graphs and the analysis tabs are important to you like they are to us, then TastyWorks really falls short on that component. On certain strategies, like I'm showing you here, like a calendar spread, it doesn't even give you the real representation of what the trade should look like. If you're trading options on futures, it's pretty worthless there. Some of the strategies, it'll give you a decent representation of what the trade looks like. But overall, I would have to give it, if I had to give out of five stars, I would give the analysis a one star out of five star review for the capabilities. I hope you found this review helpful. We have no affiliation to one broker or another just given our honest opinion as we trade on these platforms every day, both Thinkorswim with TD Ameritrade and TastyWorks. Just to recap, I would say on the Trading Commission, TastyWorks, five out of five, customer service, five out of five, except for the chat feature that they don't have. So maybe four and a half out of five on that one. Order entry five out of five, monitoring positions five out of five, charting. It does what it needs for us, but like I said, if you need custom indicators, then it's going to be a little bit of a negative. The Tasty trade and follow page are cool features. And then like I said, the analysis tab is the one main negative. And that's why we still give TD Ameritrade's Thinkorswim platform the slight edge to TastyWorks, but they're both great platforms. A lot of our members use TastyWorks. A lot of our members use Thinkorswim, and there's a variety of others as well. But that is our analysis. That's our review of the TastyWorks platform. If you have any questions or comments, drop us a line in our community or shoot us an email at info at navigationtrading.com.


Where does AI come from? Well, it comes from all of us. The most powerful AI systems, chat GPT, mid-journey, Dolly, these things are trained on the data that we generate and then ship to the internet. It's sort of like a reflection of all of us, the human community. And that's actually reassuring, right? I mean, yes, it's gonna have some flaws because humanity is flawed, but this is kind of neat. We've all had input into these systems.


Hey there friends, thanks for checking in. Today we're looking at a Glock 41 MOS. I think this gun is phenomenal. It's in 45 ACP. It's called a long slide Glock. Clearly that describes why. Check that out. The slide length on this is 8.3 inches. So it has a 5.3 inch barrel, very large gun. I shot this five years ago and I thought it was great. I loved it and I said at that time, I want to get this gun. In the meantime, they came out with the MOS model and that's what I went with. But let's check out a little bit of that shooting five years ago and you can hear my thoughts. This thing is awesome. I mean, this is my buddy's gun.  That's how I feel with this Glock 41. You know, the long slide is nice and the overall feel is really controllable. The 45 ACP is like nothing out of this. I like the 13 round magazine, the grip feels nice and the accuracy is pretty amazing. The Glock 41 is only available with their Gen 4 models and you can see right there it has finger grooves. So it's a little bit of a longer grip but the main difference is the upper and the length there. But with the finger grooves, it doesn't bother my hands too much. At times I've shaved those off. I may do that with this. But it does come with three 13 round mags. Same mags as the Glock 21. Now I had the Glock 21 and I thought it was pretty cool. But in my heart, I wanted this Glock 41 because this additional length on the slide adds weight. The barrel adds weight. It minimizes that 45 ACP recoil quite a bit. The optic that I have on here is a Swamp Fox Kraken and it's a green dot and this is my first green dot and I think I like it. I think I like the green dot. I've only had it to range one time and the green dot certainly was nice to pick up and I certainly enjoyed that. This boxy type optic has 10 illumination settings. It is shake awake and it's a nice optic four. This handgun and I'm certainly happy with it. Other than that, it's pretty much a Glock with a long slide. Now you're looking at in the mid 600s, you know, the 660, 670 maybe is what this is selling for for the most part. It's made for competition and it's a long slide Glock. You know, the long slide in the extended barrel of 5.3 inches creates very nice accuracy and that's what I experienced with this. The Glock performance trigger was what I was interested in but that's only on the Gen 5 or available with the Gen 5 model. So I may go with an aftermarket trigger but here you're looking at about a little over five and a half pounds. It lightens up as it gets more use but that's a standard Glock trigger. Comes with a pick rail right there and overall a very nice package. Happy with the optic, happy with the handgun. Of course, easy disassemble. I have a loaded mag here. We're going to check that out. Let me dial down this so we can see the weight with the optic on it. You're looking at 25 and a quarter ounces. Throw a mag there, 28 and a quarter ounces but if we have a loaded mag with 13 rounds, 45 ACP, you're looking at 38 and an eighth. Put that other one on there, 38 and three quarters ounces with 14 rounds. So you're looking at a nice handgun, very accurate and the recoil is minimal and the fact that it's a MOS modular optic system allows you to put a red dot on there like this and it just makes shooting a more enjoyable process. Overall, pretty happy with it. I took it out, it did shot just fine and you know, you get the reliability of the Glock with that long slide and if you're a competitor this may be the choice for you. If not, I've heard people on occasion, they say the Glock 21 and the Glock 41 is amongst the best home defense handguns you could find. You're shooting at 45 ACP and you just get extreme accuracy with a full size handgun, there's no doubt about that. So the optic ready is nice, the cracking is nice and the overall package is doing it for me. Let me know if it's doing it for you. Let me know if this is your home defense handgun. You know, I can't imagine many people are carrying it. It comes with an additional back straps, gritty texture on the grip, easy disassemble. The MOS plates are really nice, gives you a variety of optics you can put on there and if you like that long slide, you like to accuracy it delivers and you kinda like the way it looks or you're a competitor, this may be the model for you. Let me put it this way, it's one of Glock's best models in 45. It's its largest model in 45, that's for sure and I'm certainly happy to have it and I think that I made a good move by holding out, took me long enough, but I finally got my hands on a Glock 41 MOS and that's really what I wanted from Glock in 45 ACP. If you like videos like this, please subscribe and share, I always appreciate thumbs up button. Thanks for watching and you guys be safe.


So, warm welcome to all of you and hope that we will have a very fruitful interaction both today and in two weeks. Professor Fartak started of his introduction by saying that this kind of workshop is something that is required or that might be required for a variety of people starting from people who are just fresh out of college and have started getting into the research game as well as experienced people who have say already published papers and are still doing a lot of research. So, one thing that we have found that helps a variety of this entire range of people is a lot of hands-on interaction along with some general tips and tricks on how to write clearly. So, the main goal of this workshop or the main goals let me say of this workshop two weeks from now would be to get people to think clearly, organize their thoughts and get a logical flow with sound content into their paper. The way we would so getting towards the next two weeks what we will do today is as follows and I believe most of you would have gotten an email from our team last evening telling you about the schedule. Since the actual workshop is a hands-on where we will contain a lot of hands-on activity we thought that we will incorporate a large part of that even in today's meeting. So, I will just tell you about the schedule today. I know a lot of you have raised hands let me start backwards. We will have a lot of time both in the middle and towards the end to answer your questions about what is going to happen in two weeks time and what is your role and so on. But what I would do is schedule that session towards the end of today's meeting so that many of the questions that you might have perhaps would already become clear within these two hours. What we would start with is actually by discussing the paper and the assignment that was posted yesterday because that would give you a feel of how we would be conducting this activity in two weeks time. So, what I would suggest now is we will first take up a discussion of the paper and your responses to the assignment that is the first thing we will do. We might take a short break depending on how much time we have and then I will walk you through the actual schedule of the workshop on the 18th and 19th. The day by day schedule, the hour by hour schedule what we will be doing and what you will be doing that is going to be the second part of today's meeting. And the third part of today's meeting will be an open question and answer from where you can ask your questions about the logistic excuse me about the technical details of the workshop. So, if that is ok with everybody what I will do is visit you one by one and request you to give to say your response to the posted assignment. There was a paper that was posted and what you were supposed to do is read it and answer two questions. Question one was if you were the referee of this paper would you accept this paper as it is or would you suggest modifications or would you reject it? I am not asking you for what modifications you would suggest. I am all we are asking you is to make a decision and please say your top reason just one top reason for why you would accept it or reject it. What we would do at the end of this discussion is I will collate all your answers and we will build a list of good features or good aspects that a paper must have and we will use that as material for the actual workshop from two weeks from now. So, when I visit you and ask for your responses right now please limit your responses to the assignment itself. If you have not had a chance to look at the paper you can actually look at the paper right now in real time and perhaps give your responses. Sastra University good morning. Ma'am actually I am the remote center coordinator my workshop coordinator is not feeling well. So, please send me the username and password for the Moodle because my password is not working there I have already sent a mail. Okay, thank you for your comments we will do that. Kolhapur Institute of Technology good morning over to you. Hello I am Dr. Mesh Chauhan a workshop coordinator still I have not received any Moodle ID and password I am expecting that because I am not getting that paper related to that assignment. Okay, then we look into it right now Dr. Chauhan please hold on over and out. Sree Jaycham Rajendra College good morning over to you. This is the remote center coordinator Anand Murthy. Namaste I am B. Apramayaswara workshop coordinator I have sent an email to get the password and ID for the Moodle please. Okay, if you have already sent the email to get the ID and password we will send it to you as soon as possible we are working on it right now thank you over and out. Walshan College Sangli good morning over to you. Good morning I am Dr. Momen from Walshan College I am working at the workshop coordinator. Sree Jaycham in this workshop any specific instruction for a workshop coordinator apart from this paper submission regarding this recursion etc are you going to give any instruction in this workshop today's workshop yes today's workshop the first part of today's workshop I would like to hear from you your views of what constitutes a good paper. So for that what we are going to do is what I would like you to do is read the paper and very specifically with regard to the paper give us one reason or one feature that you see that you think is either good or can be improved. Using your responses we will then have a presentation say in about half an hour on what are the good features of a paper and that will be the instructions. So there will be a lot more instructions coming but I wanted to get started with an activity. So this is this message is for everybody please read the paper and write down one reason why you think you want to either accept the paper or reject the paper over to you Walshan. Ok madam ok thank you ok thank you thank you over and out and now university good morning have you been able to download the assignment over. I have to send the request for ID and password and waiting for the password to receive. Yesterday I couldn't check today morning when I checked the mail and send the ID and the password request and waiting for the reply. Ok we will get back to you right away over and out and now. Eeroad good morning have you been able to download the paper and assignment. I have downloaded the paper I got the modal password ID everything I downloaded the paper and downloaded the questions I will soon send my feedback immediately. Ok thank you over and out. VIT Pune good morning do you have a response to the paper over to you. Yeah yeah yes I have already answered the questions for that paper. Could you please tell us we are able to hear you very well VIT Pune could you please share with us one of your responses over to you. But I observed that the first need the title of the project title of the paper that means you just give some importance to the requirement of the talent and accordingly you can modify that particular also some also some editing corrections like caption of the table should be at the top of the table which is table 2, table 3, table 4. Ok thank you very much VIT over and out. K.J. Somaya good morning have you been able to respond to the assignment. Yeah yesterday evening I have downloaded my assignment I have prepared my answer can I share it with you madam over and above. Yes please share it with us over to you. Yeah my answer to the assignment will be the option be that I will accept the paper with some modifications and the justification I would like to put it like this the first justification will be the research problem is well defined and is relevant there is a continuity of the like ideas or continuity of the work from within the adjacent sections section A, B, C, D etc. The implementation of the idea is given very clearly and the idea is support well supported by the result. That is my answer to the first part yes I will accept the paper. The second will be the validation is I feel the title of the paper is slightly misleading so title can be changed it is a very minor suggestion and some of the references means more references were required when it is said that some rubrics are used for the assessment so that is like more elaboration of that idea or more references for that will be useful and the feasibility of the like implementation of this idea for other subject. In this paper it is given for the Java like data structures using the Java but for the other engineering like mechanical electrical electronics this whether the same concept can be implemented that is a well that should be thought that should have been thought over or more dwelling on that should have been done this is what I feel over and above thanks a lot. Thank you very much for your valuable comments Professor Jayashree and I will come back to a number of pertinent points that you have made at the end of this discussion. Thank you over and out Rajlakshmi Engineering College good morning have you been able to read the paper and respond over to you. Of course we have downloaded the paper as mentioned earlier the title is not incoherent but then the paper is discussing an important issue I prefer to accept the paper and I suggest some modification to be made for example the caption of the tables references made for example figure 3 and figure 6 they are not referred to the text anywhere in the body body of the paper so such modifications are to be required. Thank you very much for your comments Rajlakshmi Engineering College we will incorporate your responses in the discussion as soon as we finish visiting the other colleges over and out. I am Dr. Kaleem Fatima we have just downloaded the paper and I would like to just make a few comments that we I could not read the paper we have just downloaded it and there are some visible in appropriations in the structure of the paper this is what I could do for example everybody has commented on table captions it has to be about the table and introduction is always the first you know it has to be number one it is number two normally abbreviations problem statement they are all part of the theses and I have not seen them as part of the you know as a paper so abbreviations and problem statement normally we mention them we define them in the theses we do not define them in the in introduction itself you know you give the previous paper background and you talk about your own paper then also there is a heading called an example I think this also is a little inappropriate in my view and the figure is at the end of the paper after the references this is also inappropriate and there are many gaps in the paper I think there should be no gaps at the end and at the beginning one of the and also in section notes one of A, B, C, D have been given I have to check you know they have been repeated in every section section three and four both have got A, B, C, D so I find in appropriations in the structure of the paper initially to comment. Thank you very much let me respond to one of the comments you made right now and I will come back to most of the comments once again after we finish the discussion. You mentioned that certain sections such as problem statement may not be may not be appropriate for a paper what happens is this such decisions often are are different depending on the domain and the culture within a particular conference in certain domains it might be perfectly acceptable to have it within a paper itself and in certain other domains or sometimes even in certain communities within a domain say sub domain or a small topic of a subject it might be very common practice to have certain sections within the paper itself. So, one thing we will be doing in the main workshop two weeks from now is try to separate try to tell you what is common and what is absolutely crucial within papers written for any domain and also try to separate issues that might be typical or pertinent only to a certain domain. We did not restrict teachers only from a certain stream certain topic or certain subject. So that you might find certain aspects which are appropriate for your subject and not for others. So, it was a valid point that you made and I did want to mention this later we will come back to this point. Thank you very much over and out. Amal Jyothi college do you have a response to the paper over to you? I just downloaded the paper and I am going through the paper I am not able to make any comments right now. Okay, thank you we will come back to you over and out. NIT Warangal good morning do you have a response to the paper over? This is professor Bivya for a coordinator we have not yet received this Moodle ID password only after that we can give over. Have you sent us an email about this over? Yeah just now our colleague has gone and contacted over phone for the email ID password Moodle ID password and he has just received he is downloading the paper now. We will come back to you again thank you over and out. Nirma University good morning do you have a response to the paper? I am Prenka Sharma calling from Nirma University I just had a look at the papers and the title as everyone mentions needs to be a little more appropriate with respect to the content which is covered in the paper and apart from that there are various formatting related problems that I have identified the first one is that some of the figures are too much stretched and that reduces the readability of the text which is in the paper then in one of the figures I think figure number one implementation word has not been written as one then the captions of table are not properly mentioned the top and bottom spacing of the figures are not the same in all the cases as for example in case of figure two the top margin is very little and the text is almost sticking to the border of the figure then the few then as far as okay the justifications you know in some cases is not appropriate like on the second page almost from the last if you see the third paragraph not justified well then one more thing is this paper basically enhances more towards learning by doing and with respect to that they have picked up a case study and they are highlighting one specific case so I cannot comment much on the on the case that has been covered over here but if you see the references then I feel some of the there could have been more references as well as the formatting which is done on references is not appropriate not uniform there is no mention of the detail of websites which have been referred in the references section which we normally do in paper writing then the future work that is written could be could be more appropriate. Thank you very much for valuable comments we will come back to all these points right now I request everybody to keep their comments to maybe one or two reasons for why they want to accept the paper or not because a lot of comments are as you might have noticed in the last 10 minutes are being noticed by many of your colleagues and that is a very good thing because we are trying to put together this pool of knowledge together so I request all of you to limit your comments to one or at most two we will come back to you give all of your chance to speak again thanks very much over and out. Amritha Bangalore good morning do you have a response to the paper over to you Dr. Pradeep from Amritha School of Engineering Bangalore I have gone through the paper and according to me the paper is perfectly acceptable except for a few corrections the flow is quite nice and there are no spelling mistakes and the only thing is the figures are to be arranged properly I can see one figure at the end of the after the references and only thing is in the conclusion part we have the words such as our and we have been used those things should be avoided only that other than that it is perfectly acceptable. Thank you Amritha Bangalore let me make one more comment at this point as you might have noticed from what your colleagues have been saying some of the points are being noticed by everybody for example there are some grammar and formatting errors mainly formatting errors figures table captions and so on. So, almost all of you have noticed it. So, what I request the rest of the faculty members that we will be visiting in a moment to try to find out something that has not yet been noticed by everybody. For example, let me give you some hints at this point please pay a little more attention to the logical flow of the paper can you find the question easily are the solution methods that the paper using are they answering the actual question that has been posed and so on. You are very correct that the writing style and grammar needs to be improved and we have spent a lot of time on that. So, I request everybody to try to look beyond it for the rest of the colleges that we will be visiting in a moment. Thank you Amritha over and out. Walchin College Sangli good morning we did visit you some time ago do you have a response on the paper over to you. What happened we did not this any model ID or we did not have any idea from where to download. So, we could not participating this discussion. So, can you please give me some guidelines so that we can download the paper and give the email ID over to you. We are sending it right now Walchin. So, if you will check your email in a few minutes you should be able to see a response from our side. Thank you. NGR Institute Udaipur good morning do you have a response to the paper. So, I am ready to accept this paper but only with improvements. So, I have seen like there's been like if you see the tables they are not in proper like in columns if you see they are not properly the words are not proper in order and even in diagrams it has to be like proper like in fonts and even the representation and even the the labing of the rows and columns in them. If you talk about the content in the flow of work like say when we talk about said results there's like no proper numbering which can conclude what the paper wants to really reach to a level. Thank you for your comments NGR Udaipur especially if the last one we will come back to it in the main discussion over and out. YC College we are revisiting you good morning. We are actually madam yesterday we were busy with the international conference at our center. So, yesterday only you had here you say and we will go. Okay thank you please read the paper and you will be able to follow the presentation soon after. So, we will come back to you later thank you over and out. M.E.S. Pillay good morning have you formed a response to the paper over to you. Good morning madam I am Prem Goyal from Pillay College and the workshop coordinator but I have not seen the paper because we have not got the ID and password. So, please send us the ID password so we can see the paper. Okay if you have sent us an email already then we are working on it you should receive it very shortly and we will get back to you. Thank you over and out. SDS ITS Indore good morning do you have a response to the paper. Ma'am I would not reject the paper because it has lot of content but I also had observed that there is a lot of problem related to flow. So, I would suggest the author to make some thorough revision in the paper because there is a figure which tells about how learning happens but it has not been utilized in the paper. There is there are no comments on this figure in the paper. First of all the author should tell how learn what are the problems current which actually have been given in the introduction but later on he should first write about what how learning happens what are the conventional methods of teaching what are the lacunas and then what improvements would help the students to become more industry useful. So, that should be the flow in which the paper should be written. Okay thank you very much. The observations related to formatting have already been made by many of the participants. Thank you and your comment about talking about conventional methods that already exist and the gaps within it is really important and we will address this a great deal in the presentation. So, thank you very much over and out. Kakinada, good morning. Do you have a response to the paper over to you? Very good morning ma'am. Actually I am the research scholar and I have published only two papers. With my observation I have noticed two things. It is not that much necessary to change the tables and the diagrams and all. It should require small alignment. The data is sufficient and now we are talking about some college engineering colleges. So, that data should be there what the engineering colleges based on the data we have taken on which data we have made this conclusion that should be appendix ma'am. This is a small suggestion I would like to make to you ma'am. Okay thank you for your comment Kakinada over and out. SVU Tirupati, good morning. Do you have a response to the paper over to you? I am a Makshop coordinator at SVU College of Engineering Tirupati. So far I have not received the Moodle ID. As soon as I receive that Moodle ID I will mail my comments to them. Okay we will work on it right now. Thank you for your comments. We will get back to you. Thanks. Jalga, good morning. Do you have a response to the paper over to you? Very good morning ma'am. I am from KC Engineering College, Jalga. I have gone through the paper. The answer for the assignment for question one is B but I mean I have gone through the paper that there is some reference is not as much solution for the paper. So it is necessary to give the more references and secondly that the data structure which is being used for this paper are used for a different discipline over to you ma'am. Okay thank you for your comments over and out. R.C. Patel, Sherpur, good morning. Do you have a response to the paper over? Madam answer to the first question is I will accept this paper but with some little bit modification and the answer to the second question is that in the introduction there is no need to divide the introduction in the two parts likewise the problem statement and CIT program. We can just means no need to define the problem statement in case of introduction and the flow of the paper is very good. Okay thank you R.C. Patel over and out. Anayu University, good morning. Do you have a response to the paper over to you? Based upon your assignment I chose the question number two in option number two accepting the paper with the slight modifications, a modification they posted in the model and as a reviewer usually whenever any paper is submitted to me first I'll take the plagiarism but what about the content is there or first I'll take it in the internet whether the paper has already been published this way. Then we'll start the review. Once I start the review usually I'll go through the flow. First thing is introduction and the chapeur organization and the literature survey and the problem and definition and come to the model and the experimentation and the answer. This is made for usually adapted for any review come to me and the same thing if I approach here the presentation and how since we cannot check it in the workshop I mean as in one type. Assume that it's a first-time paper. The methodology has to be focused a little bit by highlighting or projecting put it in table or like that and then some more existing works is a mystery here again though the format here and there the diagrams has to be read and it's read. The analysis part some more than only the paper can be justified that's all about to me over to you ma'am. So thank you everybody for your responses and as you might have noticed the goal of giving you an assignment to do slightly before the meeting was to get all of you in the frame of mind to actually now discuss what are features of a good paper and this is exactly what we will be doing on the main workshop also. We will have some presentations but we will also have a lot of hands-on activity and you will be the people who will be leading the activities in your respective remote centers. So one goal of doing this assignment in this manner was that when you conduct the activity we will post guidelines but you will also you also now have an idea of what you need to be focusing on from the participants that arrive at your remote center. So what we will do for the next say 15 minutes or so is to summarize what we have heard from all our colleagues in the past half an hour and after that we will go over to the day to day schedule of the actual workshop. So I am going to now go through some of the slides that should already have been uploaded and as we are going to the slide what you will notice is that a number of points that you have made that I have also noted down have appeared in the slide. So most of you are thinking along the right direction but many of you have missed a few points. So let what I would like you to pay attention to is which points you have already spoken about which points your colleagues have talked about and which points you have missed which will give an entire picture of what is a good conference spoke of. So I am on slide 2 of aspects of a well written paper. Most of today I would like to concentrate on the logical flow part which is you have to first set up the problem you have to sell your problem and I know that some of you did mention it I will have to look at my notes to say to see who has mentioned it but a few of you said that you have to write a problem which is interesting which is relevant which is important only then will a referee even bother to look at your solution. So a catchy way of talking about setting your problem is that in a well written paper the problem has to be well sold before the solution is even bought. So we will spend time on how to sell your problem well. Once you sell your problem well whether it be using motivation or relevance or importance then you can start explaining your solution. So here again a lot of you mentioned that the flow of the methodology has to be clear more details are required in the methodology all you are doing at this stage is explaining what you did and the third part which is again very important is why did you do what you did which in the sense you have to provide evidence for your solution you have to defend your solution. Some of you said that the paper had a few well supported had well supported data to to defend their solution and a few of you mentioned that more data are needed to provide evidence for their solution all those come under defend your solution. The third point about good writing style almost all of you have mentioned we will have one session in the workshop on this but I am not going to spend too much time today because this is the first thing all of you seem to have focused on. What we seem to have missed a little bit is this first part. So we will spend more time on the first part and all of you know about good grammar good formatting good writing style section and so on. On the main workshop we will have one session on this finally I come to the top bullet point here and one of you did mention this actually know many of you mentioned that the title of the paper wasn't very clear the title of the paper has to be a summarization of the main contribution of the paper within the paper there needs to be the clear contribution of the paper needs to be very clearly mentioned. So even though I have put this at the top sometimes it is not possible to think about this till the end whether you think it at the beginning or at the end the contribution what extra thing you are doing has to be there in the paper. So let us just go through the logical flow first and then we will come to the contribution. In the logical flow the plan and organization of the paper there as we saw earlier the three parts set up your problem explain and then defend your solution what you can do when you are working with your students or when you are referring is to see if these three sections are there and if they are there in place that means the paper has a good flow. Why you need to set up your problem is that even if you have good ideas good ideas are not sufficient to make a good paper. Sometimes people would also have done some good work based on the idea but just the idea and the work again is not sufficient to make a good research article. So what you have to do at this point is think about the context the larger context the usefulness and also the rigor of the study itself and as a couple of you mentioned you have to think about other work to compare with. So how do you set up the problem? We have split this up into six steps and these slides are what we will be expanding into a one hour session on the main workshop. So I would like to give you a preview of what we will be doing there. On the main workshop day we will also give examples for each of these slides. So what I request you is to think of a few examples to support these and you can post your examples over moodle but let us just run through the main steps right now. When you are setting up your problem you have to first think about and write about the main concept underlying your work. It is not sufficient to give definitions even though you should do it. It is a good idea to illustrate your concept with an example. So right here start with what you are doing with an example. If there are multiple definitions give all of them and say clearly which definition you are picking. For example one of the people pointed out that there was something on learning by doing here. There may be many ways of thinking about learning by doing. So which of the different ways is this author choosing has to be made clear in at right at this stage. You have to establish the importance of your work and I would split this up into two parts. One is what why is the fundamental concept the main idea behind your work why is that important and secondly why is your specific work important. What we mean here is the fundamental concept behind your work relates to the broad related work the broad context in which you are situating your work that has to be mentioned in the paper and then what has to be mentioned is why your specific work is important forms a small piece of this broad related work. For example here are some examples how you can write about broad related work and I do remember that one of our colleagues today did mention this. What are traditional ways to solve this problem write a couple of sentences on that. Is there a theoretical basis if you are doing an experiment. What techniques have been already tried and not been successful or have been successful. So you have to talk about both traditional ways as well as novel ways to that has already been tried to solve this problem. You have to not only describe it you also have to analyze the broad related work and you can use figures or tables or concept maps here to identify themes and categorize the related work. All these steps are important in trying to build a case for why your problem is important you have not yet come to the solution you are simply trying to sell your problem at this stage. Once you know the themes of the broad related work once you know the themes of the related work what you need to do is identify the gaps or the lacunae in the current solution that are already there in the related work. These gaps form the need for your work how you will position your work. So what I will do for a moment here is let me just take a short break and look at the chat because I see that there are few comments here. If you have any doubts about what we have done so far what I will suggest is write a chat comment. We will come and talk to you in a few minutes but if there is some minor clarification you need or as one of you mentioned I was going too fast or if you need an example somewhere just put it in the chat question and we look at it right away. Just to summarize what we have done so far we looked at how to sell the problem and within selling the problem you have to first talk about what is important about the work. You have to talk about broad related work and find the gaps in the broad related work. After you do that you look at specific work or work that is very similar to your work if it has already been done. If you are implementing a new technique you should say that nobody else has done so far. If somebody else has tried your technique you should also mention that and say why they did or did not succeed. As a referee this is an important point. Sometimes we see papers where we see a very good idea but it is not clear if it is the person's original idea or if they are basing it on somebody else's work. Either is ok but you have to explicitly mention whether you are basing it on someone's work or whether it is completely new. Finally you use all these motivations and broad related work to write explicitly the research problem that you are solving in the paper. You might have a very good idea but unless you explicitly say it the referees will be lost and they might not read the rest of your paper because they don't know what question you are solving. So here there are a couple of suggestions and tips. Try to phrase your question as a broad interesting problem first level question and then a number of second level questions which are very specific which you will answer in your paper. Try to phrase these questions as questions and not as sentences. So you can ask you can pose a problem such as what is the effectiveness of the technique that I am trying or how does the new software that have created work in a different context. What I would suggest that you should not do is write a problem statement which starts with the purpose of the study is to validate the result. So please avoid phrasing the questions as sentences phrase them as questions instead. Let me take a couple of chat questions that have come up. There is one very important and interesting question. The question is usually there is a limit on the number of pages in a conference paper. How can we explain all that you have mentioned? This is an important point and the first answer I will give you is that you have to address all the points that I have mentioned so far. You cannot omit any of the points mentioned so far just to save space because if you drop any of the points mentioned so far the flow of the paper will be lost and essentially you haven't solved your problem well enough. So you cannot drop any of the points. On the other hand if you are really crunched for space what you should do is perhaps write one or two sentences for each of the six points that I mentioned so far. Let me just go back and look at the points. Let's start from what is the main concept underlying your work. Try to write this as one or two sentences again two or three sentences on why is your work important. Maybe one paragraph on related work the same paragraph can contain three past instances of related work and two sentences of your summary or of your analysis of related work. One sentence on the gap and one sentence on how your solution can address the gap three or four sentences on what is your problem. If you do all this your entire the entire all the points that have been mentioned so far will not take more than I would say one column width and it is a very that column width of sentences that you will write are very useful and important because by now the referee is so interested in reading your paper that they will go and read the rest of it. So instead of removing any of the points I have mentioned I would say write it briefly but do address them. The second question on the chat forum is is it advisable to have a catchy title. What I would suggest here is instead of trying to find a catchy title just for the sake of being catchy try to make sure that the title summarizes the main contribution of the paper. In the current paper you read this morning all of you said that the title was not appropriate because it did not capture the main thing that the authors were doing and you are all right. So what you can think is what should be the appropriate title for the paper that you already read. I will post an assignment a follow up assignment which you can submit in one week and one of the questions I will put there is what would have been a better title. So a catchy title is good but do not make it catchy just for the sake of making it catchy and make sure that the main contribution of the paper is summarized in the in your title itself. Let me also take a couple of questions at this point. Let us look at a question from VIT Valor over to you Valor. Yes madam regarding that paper there are too many abbreviations in the paper which confuses the reader to have a flow of the paper and few of them is not been mentioned properly for example ICT that does not mean what is there what is the meaning for the ICT is not been given anywhere in the paper. Okay thank you let me respond to this a little bit again here the domain expertise or the domain or okay my response to this question is choose very carefully which conference you are sending it to and write in the same style as other papers within that conference and what this means is there are certain conferences or there are certain communities of people for whom you need not expand what is ICT it is because it is a word they use 50 times a day and it is like saying 10 a.m. you do not have a a m is an abbreviation but all of us know what is a m it is some Latin word some of us do not know but we know the meaning of a m and we do not need to be told each time what is a m on the other hand there are certain other abbreviations which is not where are not which are not very familiar to community of people. So based on which conference you are sending it to check your paper and see if you have made any abbreviations which are uncommon it so happened that the paper that the conference to to which this paper was sent by the way this was an accepted paper in a conference after modifications and all I might have posted the previous draft the paper the conference name was ICT in education. So if the name of the conference is ICT in education there was no need for these people to explain again what is ICT but your point is well taken that for a new group new domain this abbreviations have to be expanded and what we can learn from the question posed by Valor is that you have to match what you are writing to to the conference that you are sending it to. Thank you Valor over and out Sastra University over to regarding the databases we can we can also refer database called scopus scopus database then for checking this plagiarism and other things whether it is already existing you can go for wipe the wiper is a free software really downloadable software then regarding with respect to this paper you talked about some expansions and other things abbreviations since in the abstract itself the abbreviations are given it is not a project report so we need not provide any abbreviations in the beginning then there is no specific format for the references sometimes the author name is listed in the beginning then the title then in case some cases title then author there is no specific format followed here then regarding this numbering in each chapter whether is there any unique numbering scheme followed or you can number as we like you see they have taken as ABC some some usually we will prefer if it is a chapter 1 means we will prefer 1.1 1.2 like that okay thank you for your questions I will go backwards because that is the freshest in my mind numbering scheme and section and subsection numbers in a paper is defined by the conference template almost all conferences give you or publish a template that you have to follow different conferences might follow different templates sometimes conferences simply say follow the common IEEE template if a conference publishes a template please make sure you follow their template and their numbering scheme even if you do not like it because all the papers within that conference will follow the same unique numbering scheme if a conference does not publish a numbering scheme I would suggest that you go for some very standard numbering scheme if you are in the engineering domain take one published by IEEE and follow that screen your question before that had to do with how to write the references and again that is part of the conference template the template will tell you whether the author name should come first whether the title of the paper should come first whether there should be numbered or in alphabetical order that will also be given within the template itself. So, for both these things follow the conference template that is a good point you may regarding the earlier point of plagiarism we do have a whole session in the main workshop on plagiarism and one part of the workshop is about tell sharing with you the various software that are available to automatically detect plagiarism. So, that is big part of the main workshop and thanks for bringing it up and the moment we look at the schedule you will see that it is the first session on day 2 plagiarism is a very important point. So, we just decided to have a whole session based on it. So, thank you again for your comments over and out we have a couple of more questions PSG college Coimbatore.  The assignment is not there in the main. So, I checked already I set a mail also to send the assignment so that we are able to talk to you and really now we are able to talk to you earlier we had some the frequency problem. Thank you. Everybody now should we sent an email to everybody giving you Moodle access login and passwords. So, everybody should have access to Moodle the assignment and the paper have been posted on Moodle. The assignment has not been separately sent via email what has been sent via email to you is the Moodle access and Moodle password. So, please check your email use the password given to you login to Moodle and that should help you access the assignment. Thank you. Is GSITS Indore over to you? Hello. Yes ma'am you had told about the possible good sentences to be put in the conclusion a part of the paper. You had asked whether the first sentence would be better or the second one. Hello. Yes please go on. Can you listen to me ma'am? Yeah actually I think as you said that the first sentence would be better than the second one but I think in the first sentence also it has not been told about which aspect are we the which aspect has been focused in our contribution. So, that should be included in the first sentence as well in my opinion and my second question maybe you can answer it later on if you feel it right. The question is what is the fundamental difference between a conference paper and a journal paper though we discuss about the contributions made in both of them. Thank you for your comment and I think I would like to address your second question right now because I was planning to address it at some point. The question is what is the difference between a journal paper and a conference paper and I will also pose another question why are we focusing only on one of it in this workshop why don't we look at other kinds of research articles and so on. I might have briefly mentioned earlier and I do remember that Professor Fartuck had also mentioned it that there are a number of aspects common to all kinds of technical writing. A number of points that we discussed earlier today morning that you brought up and that was there in my presentation are common to journal papers and conference papers. For example, selling the problem is important, explaining the solution is important and defending the solution is also important for both journal papers and conference papers. So, how do you decide if you should send your paper to a journal or to a conference? One of the main differences is that the way a conference works there are a number of people who have to who get together at a certain time and before that a number of people submit papers. The turn around time for papers that is the time for review is usually very short in conference papers. It is of the order of a month maybe three weeks maybe six weeks. So, the referees have a very short amount of time to review the papers that is one thing that is different than a conference paper excuse me than a journal paper where referees usually have a little longer to review the paper. Secondly, the because this turn around time is short and there are a number of papers what you might think of focusing on for a conference paper is novelty. I am not saying that you should not focus on rigor I am not saying that you should sacrifice flow and content, but if your paper has a good idea a small good idea you might want to first pilot it in a conference with some pilot data and then gather a lot more stronger evidence lot richer data lot more rigorous analysis and publish it within a conference and publish it within a journal after you are done with the pilot data. Conference papers usually do not have time to be revised and resubmitted only minor revisions are possible in journal papers the referee might ask you to revise it even three or four times that is not uncommon. So, given all this to do to focus both on conference papers and journal papers in a two day workshop was coming out to be a little difficult. So, what we said is let us start with the conference paper which usually has a very small page limit one of you mentioned it earlier also that a big difference between conference papers and journal papers is the page limit journal papers are typically longer and there is not a very hard and fast restriction conference papers can be as short as two pages sometimes typically there are four or six or eight. So, if you have to talk about a few ideas condensed into six or eight pages you have to make sure that you choose a small aspect and it is interesting and it is well supported. In a journal paper you can afford to put in a lot more data and a lot more analysis and you can talk about a few other things because you have the space and because the referees have the time to give you comments. So, I hope that at least answers this question at a top level and this is also a point that we will be bringing up in one of the sessions of the final workshop because we thought that this is a point worth addressing. So, thank you for your question over and out in the world. Let us take a question from Erod. I would like to comment on the paper presentation madam given to you. Now is there any future work has to be given before your conclusion and there are few conclusions has been given but the title has been given only conclusion. Is it correct madam? Okay. So, let me answer your second question first. Should it be conclusion or should it be conclusions? And I think this is a matter of grammar. If you are saying it is conclusion what you are meaning is this is the conclusion to the entire study or the entire work.  We use the word people even though people has one word it can have large number of persons within that word people. So, when you say conclusion you are using it as a collective plural for the entire study. If you say conclusions it is like saying I am drawing two or three conclusions from this particular results. So, in my opinion either is okay I will check with my colleagues from the English department which one is better but it is a very minor point and I think either is okay based on the context. Secondly you asked whether future work should come before the conclusion or after the conclusion and there is no hard and fast rule here. It really depends on how the paper flows. It might depend on the norms followed in your domain or within a particular conference. So, again check the conference template to see if they suggest some norm. If there is no norm suggested then I would say you pick the one which flows better. I hope that answers your questions. Let us take a question from Baramati. Over to you Baramati. Good morning ma'am. Over to you Baramati. Hello. Good morning ma'am. Just I want to ask related to in what way we should write the review paper. So, I think I am going to postpone this question postpone answering this question right now. I will make a note of this because review papers are a little outside the scope of the flow or the outline that I gave earlier. The purpose of a review paper is not to report your original research result. On the other hand the purpose of a review paper is to do a very comprehensive survey of all existing work in a given topic or in a specified sub topic. Since the goal of the review paper is very different I would I think it the aspects we discussed earlier may not exactly apply. Secondly review papers usually are not part of conferences. Most conferences rely on original research results even though they may have a few papers or a few tracks. So, I would at this point I would say that review papers are outside our scope, but it is a good idea to know the goal of the review paper and how it is different from an original research article as I just mentioned. I will take a question from a chat from Kanjipuram. It says if we want to extend a published conference paper to a journal paper how much percentage novelty do we need to have. When you ask very specific questions like that there is no specific answer I cannot say you have to have 50 percent more or 30 percent more there is no answer like that, but all I can do is suggest broad guidelines. If you want to extend a conference paper to the journal to a journal paper you have to have something new. For example, you may have done the study in one location for a conference paper and reported the results and conclusion for the conference paper. For the journal paper you could repeat the study in two or three more contexts maybe with two or three different materials or with a different parameter and do a comparative study of how the results compare when you change the parameter. You have to have a stronger analysis or let us say larger amount, larger number of data points, larger analysis for the journal paper. It is not sufficient to do to extend your data set by one or two and then publish it as a conference paper. And what I would highly discourage all of you from doing is to publish what are called incremental papers or delta x papers. And I was having this discussion with my colleague yesterday who will be teaching one of the sessions in the main workshop of Professor Gaetan Dei. He said he has seen a lot of papers where the extension maybe is in one data point and a new data and a new paper is published. Sometimes such papers are treated as plagiarized even though you yourself might have written the paper. So please avoid making a small or delta x improvement and publishing it as a completely new paper. It is not ethical to do it. It is not good practice in research.