Okay, good morning, everyone. I hope everyone can hear me. It's actually very nice to see so many both familiar and unfamiliar faces here. So this year we have pretty small room, but it's I think it's always in our experience of a conference It's always better to have a smaller room because people can just hear each other. We can talk. We can have a nice discussion So it's it's it's really nice to see people. So I think we have pretty interesting program I will only cover some program highlights for today tomorrow. We can we can discuss the tomorrow program. So there's one chain There's one change in the program for the last talk today, which is a three o'clock The talk is going to be virtual because the person unfortunately couldn't travel to last moment But she's going to join our Q&A for live Q&A So you will be able to have you know, you ask questions and we can have a discussion based on the talk so I think that's the only difference in the program compared to what originally was stated and We're gonna have a lunch break around 12.40 we actually have on we have enough time So if speakers run bit out of overtime or stuff we can move but around 12.40 We're gonna have lunch lunches and our own as usual And then in the afternoon we also have planned as usual the time for any both of our first session Which people might want to have Please if you have a proposal just write it down and they are bored at any time during the breaks This room can be used for it. So it's it's it's gonna be free for that and One more thing I want to highlight from tomorrow's program is that we're gonna have our landlock our workshop given by Michael and and you have hopefully received the Instructions for preparation and if not contact me or Jennifer we can or Michael directly we can send it again Because you would need to install some things and things to make sure you can start right away. So I highly recommend the workshop and Let's see what else from practicalities James mentioned that he has the Linux security summit stickers, but unfortunately not with him here So if you want to get one, maybe you can you can contact him on And and and we can try to mail it to you and when we also have our social media account and where you can see It's I'm gonna go to try to spell it out fully but if you want to follow you can find it there and and to And to finish some some also some logistics for speakers and also people who ask questions Because we have also some people who are Attending virtual so please I ever ask a speaker to repeat your questions because also can repeat your questions Or they've got to be passing the mic to ask or wise, you know if you just ask in the room or the room will hear but we online and all not and Jennifer would be very kind to show the timings for speakers. So again, they are not super straight so if it's You know, you don't run half an hour over time and and the talks are going to be recorded and posted in open about Two weeks or so after the conference. So so just just be there So with that, I think we can move to our first First to and that's gonna be by given by Alexei and it's gonna be on the BPF and it's intricate relation from the security


Hi, I'm Kaylee Gash. I'm an assistant professor of soil health research based here at the Fargo NDSU campus. So today I'm going to be talking about all the different organisms that live in the soil. And I know the soils here in the Red River Valley look a little bit different than what you might see out west.  I'll start with an overview of soil biodiversity and it all really starts with the primary producers or plants. So our photosynthesizers like plants and algae and even cyanobacteria are able to make biomass out of air, water, and nutrients from the soil. And so oftentimes we're familiar with seeing the above ground green shoots. But don't forget that a lot of plant biomass is below ground in the form of roots. So all of this biomass eventually will die and return to the soil. And that provides the foundation for the soil food web. And I really like to think about the soil food web when I'm trying to remember all the different organisms who live in the soil. It's just an easy way to kind of remember all the connections and all the different players below ground. So the dead plant residues are a good food source for microbes. But roots also emit what we call plant root exodus. And that could be chemicals that they use to communicate with one another. It could be nutrients that they're actually using to support microbes that provide some kind of benefit in the root zone. And sometimes they just leak nutrients and things like carbohydrates on accident. And all of those root exodus are really good sources of food and energy for soil organisms. So plants are really important for providing that foundation to the soil food web. Bacteria and archaea are very small single-celled organisms that also live in the soil. And they provide a lot of different functions. Primarily they are doing a lot of the heavy lifting when it comes to decomposition. So they attack those plant residues, they gain energy and nutrients from them, and then promote the cycling of nutrients through the soil ecosystem. So the bacteria and archaea are microscopic, but they're doing the vast majority of the work below ground. So building up in biomass size, fungi are also really important decomposers in the soil. And oftentimes when we think of fungi we're thinking about mushrooms. You might have in your mind all of these beautiful mushrooms out in the forest or provide nice culinary value, but mushrooms are really just a small portion of fungal biomass. Most fungi exist as filamentous, sometimes microscopic hyphae that are very thread-like fine hairs that explore the soil. And that makes up most of the biomass of fungi in the soil. And so those threads explore the soil, scavenging nutrients, they actually grow into different residues to decompose it. So they're also the champion decomposers, especially when it comes to woody or high-carbon residues like wheat straw or corn stover. Sometimes fungi get a little bit of a bad reputation because they can be pathogenic, but most fungi in the soil are actually very beneficial and they can even form very beneficial partnerships with plant roots that enhance plant nutrition. So fungi are our friends, even though a few of them can cause some problems for crop production. Moving up in size from those microscopic organisms, we get into the soil animals. So we do have some very small soil animals, most of them we can only see with a microscope and that would include nematodes, rotifers, and tardigrades. And those are all small animals that live in the water films in soil and their role is to cruise around and graze on bacteria and fungi and tiny little bits of organic matter. So they play a role as predators in that sense as we're kind of building our food web in the soil. Much like fungi, nematodes oftentimes get a really bad reputation because a few of them can be plant parasites, but again, a lot of them, the vast majority of them are beneficial in that they're helping to cycle organic matter through the soil and release nutrients through that process. As we continue to build up in size, we get into our invertebrates. So small insects or arthropods, things like mites, springtails, pseudoscorpions. As you can see those with your naked eye, but these are teeny tiny little invertebrates or arthropods that inhabit the soil. And those hang out alongside some of the bigger insects that you might interact with, things like beetles, roly-pollies, even spiders. And all of those different arthropods play a role that's really important in fragmenting those plant residues. So they are maybe serving as some kind of predator on the smaller organisms, but they're also shredding and fragmenting those residues, which speeds along that decomposition process much faster than if we just relied on bacteria and fungi. A really popular invertebrate in the soil are earthworms. And in cropping systems in the upper Midwest, we tend to think of earthworms as being really beneficial for soil function. They decompose a lot of organic matter and they also play important roles in soil structure. So they create burrows in the soil that allow for air and water to infiltrate into the soil. They also rearrange soil particles through just their movement in the soil. They participate in a process called bioturbation where they take food such as dead plant residues and drag it down below ground. And that helps organic matter be incorporated into the soil and available for other decomposers to consume it. So earthworms are really important ecosystem engineers and they also provide a lot of other habitat for soil organisms. All of the fecal pellets that insects, earthworms, and other micro arthropods create are really high in nutrients. And so anytime they are cruising through the soil decomposing and digesting residues and other organisms, their waste products can then free up nutrients and make them available to plants. Last group that we're going to talk about are the megafauna. So these are the things that you see living in or on or in the soil, birds, reptiles, rodents. They play a really important role in engineering the soil too. So they're creating burrows, they're churning and moving and mixing the soil. They're also preying on a lot of these smaller organisms that we've talked about. So you might think that the bigger the organism that means that they're at the top of the food chain, but really as we've already talked about, their life wouldn't be possible if it weren't for all of the smaller organisms that were providing food all along the way through the food web and creating the habitat and food sources for those larger animals. So even though they get a lot of attention because we see them and interact with them, they're just kind of the end of the line when it comes to the food web. So it all starts with plants and then when these organisms die after they consume and interact in their various linkages, they'll also die. And their dead bodies will serve as residues which can then feed the next generation of organisms. That's how the soil food web works and that's what maintains productive healthy soils. Most of the organisms that we've talked about today are invisible. And so how do you know if you have these things living in your soil? It's hard to see. And there are some commercial tests out there that can tell you how much bacteria or microbial activity you have in a given soil sample. But I would really just recommend looking for the signs of some of those larger organisms that we've talked about because if they're there and they're living and feeding and doing their thing, then you can be self-assured that all of the smaller organisms in the soil that are providing food and prepping it for them are also there. So a lot of times I'm looking for signs of burrowing of insects and earthworms or maybe they're castings and fecal pellets that they leave on the surface. And even with the shovel you can dig around and start to see a lot of those arthropods, little centipedes and worms and small insects. And you can also see where the roots are growing in the soil profile as well as where the residue is being incorporated and redistributed throughout the soil profile. So all of those signs are really good indicators of life. If you want to learn more about all of the different organisms that live in the soil, I recommend looking at the Global Soil Biodiversity Atlas. It's a really great resource that's free and available online to download as a PDF. And if you ever want to talk about soil organisms and soil biodiversity and what they do, please feel free to reach out to me via email, phone, give me a call. It's great to visit with people all over the state and support people's interest in learning about what's below ground.


The first five to 10 minutes is when humans are involved. After that, the robots take over. And when the robots take over, it's a lot of work to make money. So you're in the first like five to 15 minutes, you're pretty much competing with other humans. And then throughout the rest of the day, when the robots take over and you can't beat them. I think like 90% of all trading is all like robotic trading.


Get off my field man.  No, but Super bummer Got play Super Mario cold mess.   Oh, I'm dude. I'm labbed up I am labbed up. I could be a lot better.  Let's go man. Cold mess Seated 425.  Come on, man. I had read anytime.      Nobody. Oh my god. I thought you would go I thought you would go like more across the field.   Oh my god Ramsey.  He's cooked. Don't switch man. Don't switch Don't switch just where I put Ramsey there man up on the running back. You're fucking. That's it.   Come on, man.   No more time off for you.         Thank you, bro. Ouch Stop putting your running back to the line. Please stop doing that shit, doggies.  Dugger.  It was like six seconds I didn't want him to do the ball to running back and get like out of balance close I don't know. I should have ran deeper though, but it was awesome. All right, we'll get a good drive of seven and we get to sleep well tonight This is own double Mabel's own like.  God that was bad man.       He just said, you know what what I'm doing is not working start going a single back We slow we figured out a shift and I got to use it the other linebacker We figured that out to stop stretch. All right. That was that was a good drive. Fuck. That's a good player All right, we got to get some points here boys that we had a shitty first drive of the second half We'll get some points here. I don't know if I'm supposed to like bounce that outside.   Finally doger coming up huge Man turf comm dude GGs GGs first one we caught all day man first one we caught all day a couple bad play calls in that game right there I could have did better.  We are our defense is high octane right now It is absolutely high octane


Alrighty, so Amusement Insiders has hit its one year anniversary today, and what better way to celebrate than launching our petition for a better Marine Land. So for those of you that don't know, Marine Land is not going through the best of times right now. So I just wanna stress, I don't know any of this stuff to be factual, I'm just gonna go over the controversy surrounding Marine Land very quickly and then touch on why we're starting this whole petition and cause. So Marine Land has been surrounded by animal abuse allegations, mass grave allegations, and just like not taking care of their animals as a whole, the way they should be allegations, I guess. I don't know if those are true. I'm gonna honestly state my own opinion on the matter. I definitely think they are kind of true, but again, that's my personal opinion. I just think that Marine Land isn't the best park for taking care of animals, and it's very unfortunate and I think they're paying the price to that with declining attendance, and there's a lot of bad karma with the park. So you know, they have one of their most recent purchases, a topple tower ride, and it doesn't work at all, which is super unfortunate since that is one of their newest investments. And then on top of it, you kind of have like, the park's just not the most beautiful on the inside. It's a thousand plus acres, so you have to walk very long distances to get to attractions. And then then more recently, you know, the owner of Marine Land has passed away, unfortunately. No one deserves that, so that's really sad. And I have a feeling that he was the stronghold in keeping Marine Land afloat. So now the question arises, does the family wanna keep the park afloat? Are they gonna waste their own money to keep this park going? And I honestly don't think so. It's not smart business-wise. The park is a failing business model. You have the bird sanctuary that is now not going to happen. That was supposed to be new for 2019. The owners died. There's a lot of bad media on the park. Lots of people aren't going there anymore. They were only having 250,000 guests visit the park anyways, compared to Canada's Wonderland, which sees like 3,700,000, probably 4,000,000 in 2019 with Winterfest and Yukon Stryker. So it's just a failing business model and it's 1,000 plus acres. Can you imagine what could be in this location other than Marine Land? That's where we come in.  And this land could be much better suited for something like a Disneyland Canada, Universal Canada, SeaWorld Canada or even Merlin Entertainment. So what I'm gonna ask you guys to do is we have a petition and we have a team out in New York State that's gonna help us get this message out. We're gonna work here with our team to get the message out. We're gonna talk to people like Doug Ford. We're gonna talk to the New York Senate, the New York House like through email. We're gonna do whatever we can to get the message out there. That theme park like Disneyland Universal with the right encouragement could suit this 1,000 acres very well. A park in the Great Lakes region that would help people who really can't afford to go to Disney World or Florida right now via flight or currency exchange have a better opportunity here to visit. It would benefit Disney or Universal or SeaWorld have a park up here to encourage people to go here. You have Toronto, all of Ontario, all of Canada, New York State and the Great Lake region's population at your forehand or at your disposal to come visit the park. You could have attendance figures between four to 10 million with the right branded name. This is why I am petitioning people like Disney World or Disneyland, SeaWorld, Merlin Entertainment and Universal Studios to show some interest in this land. It would be so awesome to have the Wizarding World of Harry Potter up here in Niagara or Disneyland Canada or SeaWorld Niagara all here for Canadians and Americans right on the border. This is a very quick drive for a lot of people in New York State. It's right on the border. You could have resorts. Again, you can fit 100. Sorry, you can fit not 100. You can fit 10 Magic Kingdom sized theme parks on this land. That's insane. So all I'm asking you guys to do is click the link down below, sign our petition. We're gonna get the petition to the right people. We're gonna get more signatures in Toronto, Canada, Ontario, all of the whole people are gonna get signatures in New York and the States anywhere to get a better theme park here in Niagara region. This is very close for Americans and Canadians and it just makes sense. So all I'm asking you guys to do is click the link below, sign that petition, share the petition for your friends and family on any social media platform you have. We have many videos coming out from amusement insiders discussing on what we could see. We have renderings, okay? We're working on some renderings to show you what we think a Disneyland Canada would look like or Disneyland Niagara. We're gonna show you what Universal maybe Niagara would look like too, SeaWorld Niagara. We're gonna show you anything possible to entice you guys to sign this petition and join the amusement insiders cause to show the Niagara region and other people that may be involved that we don't need more casinos or condos on Marine land and we need a better theme park in the area. Hopefully you guys really enjoyed this video. Hit that like button, subscribe if you haven't and share this video for others to enjoy and please don't forget to share the petition. Comment down below what you guys would rather see, Disney, Universal, SeaWorld or Merlin Entertainment. All right, have a great weekend guys. Bye.


Green screen tip number four. We're nearly there guys and girls. Green screen tip number four is, make sure that the color temperature and the general mood of the lighting that you have on yourself or in your studio is in keeping with the mood and luck color of the lighting in the background. If you've got something that is a daylight looking color, you need to make sure that you've got a sort of more daylight tone to your lighting in your studio and look at the color temperature set within your camera settings as well. If you've got something that's more warm and cozy, then you wanna have those higher end numbers on the Kelvin scale in your camera and also in your lighting as well so that everything does just look like it is cohesive and all looks in keeping.  That is tip number four. There's only one more to go. If you really can't wait that long, you can always go and check out the YouTube channel where I've got the full rundown of all five of these tips, but I'll see you again very soon.


So it is with great pride and joy that I join you here today to witness an incredibly momentous event. The maiden test flight of the recently constructed Gatesway Agro International Airport of Ogun State, Nigeria. As we descended from our own aircraft, a chopper, to land a few moments ago, we were able to see the runway from up there, a state-of-the-art four-kilometer facility, and as we have heard able to take a Boeing 777 and a Boeing 747 aircraft and an A380 aircraft, a runway doesn't get any better than this. If we say that it's the best in Ogun State, of course, that is not true, it is not just the best in Nigeria, it is a world-class airport that we are here to see. With what we all see here this afternoon, Ogun State is definitely taking a huge step in fulfilling the dreams of our forebears, the dreams of Chief Obafemi Aolo Papa, and the dreams of others who worked with him, the dreams of a vibrant, modern, and industrious community living together in peace and prosperity. A dream of Ogun State that is the engine room, the engine of our nation's economy and our nation's commerce and business. But we must pause here to commend the first visioner of this airport, Osunba Gwenda Daniel, who, as we have heard, as governor, conceived of this airport and went as far as getting an approval for it from the federal government. But it is a tribute to the wisdom and understanding of our current government. Prince Dapo, Abiyonu MFR, that he took it from the idea, re-envisioned it completely, and in the light of opportunities, needs, and the requirements and realities of today, he birthed the Gateway International Agro-Poggle Airport of Ogun State. This project is the fulfillment of a vision, but the airport is only the infrastructure for building a dynamic economic area. We are now poised to provide facilities for a world-class economic zone.  All of us are witnesses to the first fully-functional Agro-Poggle Airport in our country. We are witnesses to the landing of the first commercial airport at this airport, and we saw the crew live. And the commercial jet itself is one of the fleet of aircraft, a value jet, owned by Mr. Kule Shonami, a son of Ramon, and in particular Ikenne and Ikenne local government. But we must also mention the fact that the man responsible for actually building this airport, the Honorable Commissioner for Works, Mr. Akisai, is also a son of Ikenne and Ikenne local government. The governor said to me, pointing to him, that it's the hard work and commitment of that man that builds this airport. But the future is even more exciting than today. This airport will serve the special agricultural processing zones, which have been established with the generous assistance of the Afghan Development Bank. It is also an essential tool in our preparation for full participation as serious players in the Africa continental free trade agreements. In a few months, the Kajala dry port will also be operational. And I'm confident that this airport will transform the entire southwest region and serve as a catalyst for economic growth and the development of our nation and sub-region. I therefore congratulate the serious-minded, business-minded forward-thinking, performance-oriented governor of Open State, Prince Dacoab Yodun, and his remarkable team, and of course the people of Open State on these remarkable feet. I'm immensely proud of what has been achieved here. This is how we build a modern, prosperous future for all Nigerians. And I have no doubt that the culture of innovation and progress that the Gateway Agro International Airport has already brought will continue to motivate the people of Open State and even more. I invite you to join me in a celebration of these amazing achievements. Congratulations to Mr. Governor and his team and all of those who have made this possible. Thank you all very much. God bless Open State and God bless the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Thank you very much.