Hi, I am Jan Reardon and I am here representing the Jennifer Reardon Foundation. Jennifer Reardon is my sister-in-law and I am very honored and pleased to be able to carry on her mantra of being kind, loving, caring, and sharing and identifying different programs and people that support that mantra is very important to me and to our family. Jennifer has an amazing legacy. She was larger than life in life and continues to be in her passing so that brings us a great deal of comfort and I was just thinking on the way over. I am so fortunate to have so many people from the Burlington area that have been so supportive whether they knew Jen or not, they know of her and people rise to the occasion when you talk about being kind and Vermont is to me the best there is as far as that community. But the four pillars of Jen's Foundation, the Jennifer Reardon Foundation, our early childhood education, women's empowerment, financial literacy, and community vibrancy. So today I have the absolute pleasure. I am going to be able to kick back here, have some popcorn and just listen because I am so excited to be talking to John Pelletier who is the Director of the Center for Financial Literacy over at Champlain College and with that I am just so excited to hear about the training program that John has in place and what is happening at the state level to be able to bring personal finance into K-12, primarily high school, but we are going to get to hear all about that and John I just want to say thank you for being here. This is John Pelletier and I would like you to just give us a little bit of background to kind of get us up to speed on the status of things with personal finance in the school system because I look back and think where did home echo? All of those nice basic things and personal finance, I don't think you can talk to somebody in high school that knows how to do their taxes or knows how to do a budget and to plan on purchasing a home or getting their first apartment and all of those pieces. I mean it's overwhelming and to think that we're getting real close to bringing that into the schools is very exciting and I would just love to obviously have you get us up to speed on what is happening in Vermont. Sure. Let's start with where we are and where we could be. Yes, that's always a good distinction. So where we are and we've made progress, so our center started in 2011 and when the center started in Vermont we had these framework standards where everything your child needed to know about personal finance in grades K through 12 would fit on an 8 by 11 piece of paper in about three and a half inches. Right. So that changed. That's familiar, yes. That changed due to the good work of the agency of education as part of a total rewrite of all standards and bringing us up to other national standards like the Common Core English and MAP and national standards on FISAD and national standards on Science and Social Sciences. Of course, it should be right there, exactly. They adopted these great national standards that the most recent version is the standards were created by committees created from the Council of Economic Education and the Jumpstart National Coalition in Washington, D.C. And so those standards have been around. I don't even know if it's the fifth or sixth edition or the seventh. They've been around for a while. What I would call modern national standards in financial literacy probably came into being just around 2000, maybe 98 or 1999. So what I think of financial literacy in its modern sense as opposed to home economics which is a lot of things other than financial literacy, it's not even 25 years old in a lot of respects in our country. And so there's been a movement to move those along. So those standards, they were implemented or approved, I should say, by the State Board of Education in January of 2017. One of the problems with Vermont is we're not a standards-based state anymore. We are a proficiency-based state. So we ran into a problem where all these standards have to be converted into proficiencies. Okay, I did not know that. Hampshire does it and nobody else does it. So I won't get into that. Okay, that's its own topic, right? But it created a hurdle where we needed to get these standards through the system. And financial literacy was going to be behind a lot of other topics. So we were really fortunate and we raised money from... My center was able to raise money from the National Life Group, a big, big donation from Northfield Savings Bank. And also from the Next-Gen Personal Finance, which is a non-profit in this space. And what we did is we were able to hire a group of 16 educators, pay them. We worked on this project for a couple of years. We were just ready to release everything. It got out on the website and then COVID hit. And the penultimate delivery was supposed to be educator training. Six different events across the states, two for elementary, two for middle school teachers, and two for high school. And so we had to kind of go back to our donors and say, look, we got to figure out a way to deliver this online. Right. And so we did. Fabulous. And we actually delivered this education online, not once but twice, because once it's there you could re-release it again. And my understanding is that was the largest attended professional development event by educators in Vermont ever, according to the AOE. Right. Just to know, I mean, the need is there and it's appreciated. And everybody is aware whether it be the parents and the educators and the schools, people know the importance. And it's just a matter of having it happen. So just to be clear, because I've obviously been out of school for a little while here, but is it available, but as an elective, and this would make it available as a requirement, or is it not even available? So I think technically the way it works is these standards have been approved. There's an expectation that something is being done at the local district level, the supervisory union level. There are no mandate police. See, that's what I was wondering. So it's really not monitored. There's not really a big review method. And so I'll just focus on the high schools in the state and what's going on now. Because it gets even more complex when you get into elementary and middle. But at the high school level, you know, there are a couple of ways to deliver this information. You can deliver it in a standalone personal finance class. So that would be a half-year course where nothing else is taught in personal finance. And about 12% or 13% of the high schools in the state, and I think with some changes that have already been approved in South Burlington, BFA, St. Albans, it's going to be either seven or eight high schools in the state, out of about 60-plus, that will have a high school graduation mandate. You have to take that course to graduate. Fabulous. I mean, that is the end goal, I'm assuming, right? Isn't that the... That's the gold standard, right? Exactly. If you wanted to do that. So that means about 12% of the state is getting it that way. And excuse me, John, but what is the personal finance curriculum? What does that look like? A lot of different topics. I mean, it's career and income. So really focusing on things like student loans. Right, because I noticed Winooski High School has done very, very well. Yeah, Courtney's fantastic. Yes. Yes, I was so pleased.  Absolutely correct. It was stated, and so how do you function out in the world and make sure that you're not making mistakes at this age that haunt you 20 years later and the importance of your credit score and everything? So that's all covered during that particular semester?  I think a key concept, foundational concept, is compound interest. Exactly, right. Not only as it relates to savings and growing your retirement account, but debt, whether it's mortgage or automobile loan. And that's all covered. Oh yeah, absolutely. Understanding where to find your credit reports, because there's always mistakes on them. It covers anything to do with credit, anything to do with banking products. Fabulous. Savings, investing, career and income, student loan. And career and income means, you know, even that whole college exploration piece. Exactly how you're paying for that. Using Courtney and... Courtney Paquette, who's the high school educator at Winooski, that's a great example of, you know, many of the teachers at programs like this, where, you know, students go and they say, okay, if I got that job that I'm interested in, what's the starting pay? All right, now find out what's it going to cost me to rent my own apartment. Right. How am I going to pay for transportation? Man, what does the benefits really mean? They mentioned that you were like, you know, the value of that. People think, oh, it's not important. Well, you talk about a health care, exact health care. I mean, the benefits are a pretty key component. So that was mentioned. And then as we discussed earlier, my good friend Bob Ferdette is up at LaMoyle and he's doing an amazing job with an entrepreneurship program and running a business. So the students are really getting to budget in real life as far as how to make a business successful. Yeah, and George Cook, an educator at U32 has a very similar program to Bob's. Yes. So there's pockets of excellence across the state. So if it's not being done that way through a standalone course, it's two other ways it can happen. One is an elective. Right. Now the problem with elective by its very nature means that probably 75% maybe more will never take that course before they graduate. So an elective isn't guaranteed access to the topic or the knowledge. Exactly. So there's a place that might be as embedded in something like an economics course. Right. And that's the way it's delivered in a lot of states. There's quite a few states. Which is great. But then again, what's the percentage that do not go in that direction for economics?  I was in a different direction. Say if you're in more English and language and that's your preference, then that's why having that course in place as a requirement can be life altering. Oh, absolutely. And the funniest knowledge is life altering. It's not just life altering to the students. It actually can be life altering to the educator. And to the community. I mean, you talk about community vitality. Well, it comes back to that.  Yeah. And it really comes down to, I mean, if you can compound interest, you can build wealth greater. The other thing is if you can focus on having the highest credit score possible, that can literally in a lifetime save you hundreds of thousands of dollars in interest payments that you can do something else with. Exactly, exactly. So it's critically important skills, budgeting things of that nature. But personal finance is a difficult course to teach because it's not like a lot of other courses where, so the best way I can think about it is you can get a straight A on a personal finance exam and fail in life.   Right, right. But I'd have to believe and obviously, you know, there are models out there. I don't know what kind of monitoring does go on as far as tracking some of the activities of certain kids that have gone through a program such as this, but to be able to see the benefits and true, you're never going to hit every student in the same way, just personality wise and everything.  And it's like, you're never going to say, I wish I didn't have this degree. You know, you're never going to say, I wish I didn't know so much about personal finance. Even though some kids might take their own path on when to implement that knowledge that they have, we still have to get it in there. Because, you know, sadly, so many mistakes are made just because of the lack of knowledge, not choosing not to apply it, but just not even knowing. So this is so exciting. And, you know, the studies show that schools that are in impoverished areas are less likely to bring this into, you know, the curriculum. But then Winooski's highlighted and obviously struggles, you know, with, you know, poverty, but also, you know, English as a second language and they can do it. So to me, I'm thinking, Winooski, what a way to really, you know, get on the radar to show that other communities can do this. So I'm so happy that we have something like that in this area to point to for success. Yeah, and Courtney's been doing it there for, oh gosh, I think almost 16 years. Oh, I had no idea it was that. Yeah, it's been a long time. Not as a requirement. That's more recent. Right, right. But she's been teaching that particular course for a long time. And to your point, you know, the, yes, the data absolutely shows.  Yeah. So there's an extra step. You're right. That's a great analogy. Yes, absolutely. Not everything, not everything is about behavior. Like math, I don't think is about behavior is did you get the problem right or not? Right, right. If you take a physics class or things of that nature. So this is about changing behavior as well as imparting knowledge. It has two components and that makes it more difficult. And just to kind of muddy the waters, does behavior modification ever get folded into this course? Is that a part, in fact, of a personal finance semester? You know, perhaps that's something that really needs to be one of the key elements. Yeah, you're trying to teach the right behaviors. Yes, yes. And that's in the right habits of mine, if you will. And then the other piece is, the other point where you mentioned is, it doesn't work. What are the studies show? The studies show it work. And my favorite researcher is Carly Urban at Montana State University, a good friend. And the reason I love her work is she uses these giant national databases, either from federal student loan data or data from places like Experian and TransUnion. And she has looked at places where mandates go through requirements to teach this. Okay. As a high school graduation requirement in certain states. And she is looking at data before and after. Fabulous. And that young cohort. And what does it show? It shows, you know, I'll just go through them really quickly. Please. It goes through, first and foremost, we see increases materially, these are all statistically significant, increases in credit scores, reductions in 90-day default rates. We see with regard to those taking out student loans from states that have this, they're doing the right thing behaviorally.  Of course. First, they're going to grab those federal loans, which have a lot more protections including the income-based repayment before they get private loans. Yes. And the other thing that came out of a research with student loans, which was surprising, is that students from those states with student loans, they spend less, or I should say they have less credit card debt. Because what people don't understand is credit cards are huge a lot to pay for education, whether it's books or sometimes to kind of complete a payment for tuition for some folks. And then you were mentioning the equity issue, which is if a state doesn't require or guarantee is probably a better word, that everyone get equal access to personal finance education before they graduate from high school. Carly and next-gen, and I was involved with looking at that data years ago too, and it's constantly being updated, we want to see, in those states where you don't require it and it's left to local control, what happens? And the presumption of those of us involved with looking at that data, based on our own personal experience, was it was being inequitably delivered into the schools. I see. And it is. So the way it works is, if you come from a school district that is 75% or more free and reduced lunch, or 75% or more black and brown students, so majority minority, right? Right. Those school districts, the chance of you being in a district in those states that don't have this requirement, the chance of you getting that is one out of 20 or one out of 21. Okay, so I hate to be naive here, but why? Well, let me see what happens. Okay. In rich white districts. Okay. In districts where you have a less than 25% free and reduced lunch. Right. Or a less than 25% black and brown population, the odds of you getting it are one in seven. So basically you're three times more likely, right? Right. To get it if you're rich and white. Exactly. But that's what I wanted. Poor and urban. Right, right. There's a big divide between urban. I'm not making light of the fact that both need that, but why, you know, again, would it be? I think it's the parents, probably, I'm guessing. Not as much of a priority and pushing for that? Yeah, or the opposite, right? Perhaps the parents are a little bit more involved in pushing for it. Oh, I see. Yes. And perhaps the white or richer communities and seeing it because there's a, and the reality about financial literacy is there's a demographic divide, right? Yes. And so who's the most financially literate? There are a couple of organizations that do this. There's the Georgetown University Global Financial Literacy Excellence Center with S&P. The S&P organization does a study survey every year of adults and Finnerer does a survey. And both of them show pretty much the same thing and there's tons of data on this. The more educated you are, the more financially literate you are. Right. The richer you are, the more financially literate you are. There's a racial divide that's pretty dramatic. Yes. Whites and Asians look very different than Hispanics and blacks. Yes. There is a gender difference. Males are more financially literate than women. And that's currently the case. It has not shifted. So there is a difference, a nearer difference the younger you are. There's an age going on, too. Yes. Yes. So there's an age element of it. Multi-faceted, right? Yeah. So many layers. And then people who are, if you're working, you're more financially literate than the unemployed or disabled. Yes. And so there are all these things that are real, that have all sorts of impacts. And so, you know, arguably, when you look at that kind of equity issue at the high school level, you know, you might almost be arguing that the communities that need it the least are the most likely to get the most of it. Yes. And that's why I think, you know, you really, if you really want to address this issue, we need to guarantee access for all. And that's why I'm excited with the House bill. Absolutely. Yes. I think I'm a little bit myself included, but the audience, what is the status and what is the current situation regarding the legislature on this topic of bringing this to schools and having it be guaranteed?  So H, period 228. Okay. If you want to look it up at the Vermont legislature, you can see it. And the bill has had 20 co-sponsors. So that's great. That's a pretty good number. Yes. And... And who are co-sponsors? Well, it's... Representative Jerome is the lead sponsor. Oh, okay. Great. And she's the lead sponsor, but they're like... I come from Stowe, Jed Lipsky, who's my rep is on it. Wonderful. I mean, it's... So it's statewide. It's not really... It's statewide and it's Democrats, it's Republicans. It's not one party or the other. Great. And we're seeing this across the country. This is a purple issue. Exactly. This is not a blue one. Thank God. Right. Yeah, that helps a lot. We have all the other layers, you know. At least we don't have to mix that in. And so hard to know because, you know, there's the crossover date in four weeks. So if it doesn't come out of committee, the odds of it becoming a law this year are low. The good news is it's a two-year session. Oh, okay. So if it doesn't happen this year, we still get another fight at the... And what would cause it to not come out of committee this year? What's happening? I think it's priorities... I think the fundamental question is... because you have to have hearings, right? And they've had a few, but they have to have a lot more. They have to allocate their hearing time to certain bills that perhaps they feel are a little bit more pressing. Burner, right. Yeah, so there's like, for example, the bill where they're looking at, how do we reallocate the money to the different schools on the pure pupil... per pupil weightings based on, you know, ELL and free and reduced lunch and all those sorts of different minorities categories and things of that nature. And similar to... I was either last year or the year before, they had a look at how they're going... they changed the funding mechanism for, you know, people with disabilities. Yes. I think the first line is learning the IEP type plans. So the personal finance curriculum, is that pure as a bill or is that kind of tucked into a few other things? Right now it's a standalone bill and that's the other thing. It's conceivable. I think it really, to be blunt, I think whether or not this gets passed at all or whether or not it gets passed this session is entirely dependent upon voters actually reaching out to their legislators or reaching out to the House and Senate Education committee members. They're easy to find online. Their emails are all there. But what motivates that person to do so? Are they aware that it's the status right now of where it is and what needs to happen to push it forward is... Probably not. And that's going to be the goal of different local organizations like Jumpstart, Vermont, and others. People are going to need to get out the word. Communicate, right. Because I think the poll that we paid for, a group in Raleigh, North Carolina did, it's overwhelmingly supported by a lot of adults. It's not even close. Right, I saw those results. There was one poll question where they were asking after you found out that only 12% of students, high school students in Raleigh have guaranteed access for how important do you think this is? Very important, somewhat important. Those two together were over 90%. Right. So to me it just seems, and again, I'm not in the trenches like you are, you know so much more. But me on the outside, it's like, well, it's a given. It has to go through. It has to start. Like, why isn't it? But I understand the process obviously is cumbersome. But it just seems, and thankfully it's a two-year session, it just seems as though you get this far like, how can you lose traction now? Well, I mean, we are a local control state to such a degree that virtually every graduation requirement is at the local level. Right. So I believe it's Algebra 1 in geometry. I believe that's it. There are very few classes that are required. Yes. There are topics. I was surprised at that. I know. And that has changed a lot. So that doesn't mean there aren't like, you know, you have to take three math and four English. Those requirements exist at everybody's high schools. Yes. But they're not state mandated. They're not like minimum state requirements in many other states. That's set at the local level. Right. So as you said, we're very similar to New Hampshire, but most states are not that way. I mean, New Hampshire, it's localized. It isn't statewide, would you say, typically? Having spent a lot of time looking at all the states, I would say this level of freedom left to the school district is in the minority. Right. Right. That's my impression. There are usually graduation standards, minimum standards, and by that, you know, so many civics in history. Exactly. Social studies and phys ed. There are minimum, very clear minimum standards that are set at the state level, often by the legislature or by an organization like the State Board of Education that we have in Vermont, or a combination of the two of them through law and regulation. But I want to be clear, we're not the only state doing it this way. Right. Massachusetts is very loose, and they have a great educational system. Yes, yes.  And by local control, could that mean that a teacher at Essex High School could say that I want to have, you know, a certain focus on personal finance, have it be included with something, not have to jump through a lot of hoops and just kind of have that happen, where it gets embedded into another class? Maybe. I mean, it usually happens. So if you look at the states, if you look at, we'll talk about, like, the schools where it's required now. Okay. So where it's required now, you'll have someone like, you know, like Bob or Courtney or somebody like that. They're the ambassador. Exactly. You know, they might start with an elective, say, hey, I want to do an elective. Right. And then it becomes an incredibly popular elective. And then they go, well, gee, 60% of the kids are taking this. And they can make that change. Why don't we make that change? And that happens. It's happened in this state, it happens all across the country. Yeah, to that level, that's impressive. It's a common way. It's a grassroots way. Yes, yes. Very organic. It's happening. It happens here. I know many teachers who have done it that way. And so in those states, that's one way to get to the mandate. Right. Is that local school board, right? Yes. Of either the supervisory union. Exactly. You know, so the local supervisory union school board is saying, hey, we're going to require this. And that is certainly a way it gets done. As opposed to I want to do an elective, that's probably just the principal, who's going to be approached to agree that it will be an elective added to the list. I see. Right. And if it's a private school, what happens? If it's a private school, they can do whatever they want. They can do whatever they want. And do you know of any private schools where that is in place? There certainly are some. Right. There are some life programs. It kind of goes back to, like I was saying, back where it kind of folds in, a variety of different things that you need to know when you get out of those high school years. And then we have situations like what happened in Burlington. There was a time, not that long, so I've been running this center since 2011. We have a graduate program, not only just for Vermont teachers, but for teachers across New England and New York state, but also now across the country. And it's an online graduate course, three credit course. And what we've seen happen is, at Burlington, they went from having a mandate to not having a mandate. Oh, interesting. I didn't know that. And that was because it was done by the business department and they got rid of the business department teachers. Oh, boy. So then the program disappeared. Yes, yes. So that's the thing, the sustainability is key. We are going to have to wrap up. I can't believe how quickly this went by. And I am so thankful for the information that you shared with myself and with the audience. And again, if there is anything that I can do to get the word out or help in any way, please get me connected to the right person and I'll get out there. I feel very passionate about this topic, obviously, as you certainly do and committed and, you know, done so much in your life to see this happen. I would love to be as supportive as possible in moving this forward for Vermont. Thank you, Jim. Yes, thank you so much, John. Thank you. This has been great. I will continue to stay in touch. Absolutely. And again, if there's anything I can do, you know, boots to the ground or whatever, send me out there and I'll be holding up some signs for you. Probably get an email next week. Good. I hope so. I hope so. Thank you so very much. Okay. Bye now. Bye.


You know what else has energy your seed your seed You guys produce millions of seed per day And that seed has value. Can you put a monetary value on your seed? Yes, go to the child support office and ask every man How much did that seed cost you and he'll tell you $1,500 a month Whatever that amount is if he's married and he has a family, how much does that seed cost you? Well, the mortgage the card note the the college investment plan the clothes the vacations The the tutoring the sports leagues that seed cost you a lot. That was energy That was your energy because when you let that seed out of your ballsack You was expensive energy. I can guarantee you unless you was given her the five-stroke special You were expending energy to produce that seed Friction all of that stuff Newton's laws and What happened? What happened when she got that seed she got that energy? Well, some women are very nasty when they get to your seed They swallow it They be rubbing it into their body They'll keep it in their whole body They'll say I still got the seed that you put in me last night at work. They'll you be like Why is she doing that? Because it has value is gives her energy You do something like that. She does something with it and then she's She act like she accomplished something with it and she did because she has something very valuable from you In essence your money attention and time and energy is way more valuable than her She knows it You don't


So, our work is about predicating codeings, and predicating codeings are a primitive that is used to build predicate encryption, so I will start by explaining what predicate encryption is. In predicate encryption, there is a master authority, and there are some users, and this master authority provides secret key to the users, and every key is associated to certain value Y that can be different for every user, and now in this setting everyone is allowed to encrypt, and where you are going to encrypt, you need to think of a value X, and what you produce is a hypertext associated to this value X, and now, so the requirement for predicate encryption is that only users that own a key such that a certain predicate involving X and the value Y from the key is true will be able to decrypt. For example, in this case, let's say only the first girl is able to decrypt, a very important requirement also for predicate encryption is collision resistance, so we want to avoid these two guys that individually cannot decrypt, we want to avoid that they can combine their keys, for example, and be able to decrypt, so in general, no matter how many keys you have, if none of the keys can individually decrypt this hypertext, you should not be able to decrypt. More formally, predicate encryption consists of four algorithms that they set up, this is run by the master authority, encryption that from a message and certain value X produces a hypertext for X, key generation, this is run only by the master authority, as you can see, this needs the master secret key, and this produces secret keys for values Y, and the encryption only works when the predicate is true. Okay, so there has been many works in this area, here I'm just showing some of them, but usually all of them fall into one of these problems, for example, some of them are for very specific predicates, for example, the inner product, if you think of X and Y as vectors, the inner product, the inner product between these vectors is here, for example. So some of these works are for very specific predicates, like inner product or pull-in formulas. Another work, so I use very, very strong assumptions, and other problems are like composite order groups, they use composite order groups that are supposed to be not so efficient and they usually have bad performance, what I mean by this is that, for example, you may need several group elements to encode a very small policy, okay, so after all these works, two years ago, these two words appeared and basically they allowed to build a predicate encryption in a much simpler way, so for example, they allowed to achieve flexible predicates, you're not restricted to use one of these specific predicates, they also use reasonable assumptions, you see Kay Lin in this one and the more general metrics, they are defined over prime order groups and they have flexible performance, so predicated encodings, as I said, are a building block to build predicated encryption and predicated encodings are used in this work here, but these two works are modular frameworks, I'm going to explain a bit of the idea of these two works, so they define a simpler encoding, a simple primitive that they call predicated encoding in one case and pre-encoding in the other work, and from these primitives, they can combine this with a compiler and they can produce a fully secure predicated encryption for P, so as you see, this predicate depends on this simple primitive, so if you replace this primitive by another one for a different predicate, you automatically get a fully secure predicated encryption for a new predicate, okay, so currently there have been some improvements on this area and now we have like three kinds of different encodings with different predicates, so there is this tag-based encodings and in this case, the compiler is supposed to be a bit more efficient, you can save some group elements, then we have predicated encodings, this is what we are going to talk about in this talk, and parent encodings, which are supposed to be more expressive because they admit computational notion of security, while these other two are only defined for an information-predicate notion of security, so some improvements have been done by Agrabalan Chase in this area, I will mention this later, but in this talk, we focus on predicated encodings and what we do in this work is first we provide a new characterization of predicated encodings, we show how to optimize them and provide some transformations, like for example, the junction-conjunction negation, so if you start from a predicated encoding for P1 and another one for P2, we show how to convert this into a predicated encoding for P1 and P2, for example, and then we show new constructions out of these results, okay, in this work we also consider the relationship, we investigate the relation between these primitives, and we show how to transform tag-based encodings into predicated encodings and predicated encodings into parent encodings, we formalize basically this folklore idea of the fact that parent encodings are more expressive, so now I'm going to define predicated encodings, this is the original definition, basically predicated encodings are five algorithms, the first one stands for sender encoding, this is used in encryption, these two are called receiver encoding and key encoding, and they are used for key generation, and these two are used for the encryption, so okay, so these algorithms must satisfy three properties, the first one is they must be all linear in the last component, second one is called alpha reconstruction, which basically says when the predicate is true, there is some equation that holds, and here you can think of alpha as a secret that allows you to do the script, so basically when these equations hold, you can compute alpha in the exponent somehow, so you will be able to do the script, and the last property is called alpha privacy, that says that when the predicate is false, these two distributions are identical, and if you look here, alpha appears only on the left-hand side, so intuitively this means alpha is information theoretically hidden, and intuitively this is what allows you to argue security for this scheme. Okay, so I'm going to redefine predicated encodings, and the first thing I'm going to do is to use matrix notation, because since all the algorithms are linear, you can think of SE of xw as the product of a matrix SE of x, this matrix times a vector w, so in particular I will be talking about five matrices instead of five algorithms. Now let's see a very simple example, the predicate encoding for the quality predicate, so these five algorithms are predicated encoding for this predicate, how can we validate this? Well, you will need to check all the properties, so first let's check linearity, all the algorithms are linear, as you see these three are linear, because they are the identity in the last component, and these other two are also linear in the last component, in w. Then we also need to check alpha reconstruction, so when the predicate is true, we need these two equations to be satisfied, the second one is always satisfied, and when the predicate is true, x equals y, and therefore these two things are also equal, so it's also satisfied, and alpha privacy is a bit more tricky, but it can be justified, so we need to show that these two distributions are identical when the predicate is false, and to do so you can argue that when x is different from y, these two things are independent when you sample omega random, so this is how you validate a predicated encoding, you check that it satisfies all the properties, so okay, so in matrix notation this looks something like this, and I think now we are ready to redefine predicated encodings in the way we did in our work, so we start from these five algorithms, and since I'm using matrix notation, we can forget about linearity property, so alpha restricted reconstruction, if we use matrices, becomes this equality between matrices, and alpha privacy can be expressed as an algebraic property, so this is one of our main results, so the fact that two distributions are identical, we showed that this is completely equivalent to the existence of a solution of certain linear system of equations, so this is very useful because this algebraic property is what is going to allow us to prove all our further results in the paper, okay, so I want to point out that you can call this W star the witness for the fact that the two distributions are identical, okay, another modification that I want to do is I would like to put these two algorithms inside here, and the reason is that these two are used for decryption, you are only going to decrypt when the predicate is true, so yeah, we can do this, and the reason for this is that when these algorithms exist, you can compute them efficiently, because you can basically apply Gaussian elimination here, and you can compute these algorithms efficiently, so there is no need to consider them explicitly in the definition of the encoding, and why is this interesting? Because now look at this, we have two expressions that look kind of the same, they are in the same shape, we are saying in both, there exists a vector satisfying a linear system, and in fact these two conditions we showed that they are complementary, so that's why I'm using complementary colors yellow and purple, okay, so what I mean by this is that if this is the space of all pairs x, y, in this space some of the points will be yellow, some of them will be purple, but what I mean is that this region cannot exist, everything has to be either yellow or purple, and this is useful because now if we only have three matrices, we can say that these three matrices, arbitrary matrices, induce a predicate encoding, a valid predicate encoding for the predicate, you are in the yellow region, why so? Because okay, let's see, when the predicate is true, you are in the yellow region by definition, and therefore you satisfy alpha reconstruction, because yellow is exactly alpha reconstruction, and when the predicate is false, since you cannot be in the yellow region, you must be in the purple region because they are complementary, but purple is exactly privacy, so basically given any three matrices, we can say these three matrices induce a valid predicate encoding for this predicate, here I'm basically using the definition from the purple, I'm saying you are not in the purple, so to see an example if we consider a previous encoding, now if we are given just these three matrices without any analysis, we already know that this is a valid predicate encoding for this predicate, the predicate that says you cannot build vector zero one as a linear combination of these two vectors, and with a little analysis you can show that this is equivalent to x equals y as we knew from before. Okay, I want to point out that in a work by Aravain Chase from YearCrip this year, they consider a notion of encoding, so this is in the other setting of parent codings, and they consider this notion of encoding that they have similar ideas to what we obtain from this implicit predicate, and the reason is that they build a compiler that takes what they call non-trivally broken encoding, and produces a predicate encryption scheme out of this, and their Q type assumption, and why is this similar, because they also manage to relate the notions of reconstructability and privacy, so what they are doing is basically a non-trivally broken encoding is basically an encoding that does not satisfy reconstructability, and basically they argue that that is enough to have privacy. Okay, so I'm just gonna talk about our transformations, so one of the things we consider is can we simplify predicate encodings, and the operation that we consider is okay, we work with matrices, so if we start with these three encodings, what happens if we multiply by a matrix A and B, obtaining new encodings? What we want to achieve is that the implicit predicate associated to these three matrices is preserved after this multiplication, so in our results we'll give the conditions on these matrices, such that this predicate is preserved, and why does this simplify, because for example, if after multiplying you get smaller matrices, this will be translated into performance improvements, and also saving of some group elements, and yeah, so you can also consider multiplying from the right, and we also consider that case in our paper, and then we want to talk about these transformations, so we provide generic transformations for predicated encodings, I want to point out that conjunction and dual predicate, by the way, the dual predicate swaps the rows of X and Y, before if you remember secret keys were associated to values Y, and Cyphert X to X, when you apply dual predicate it's the other way around, so this can make the difference for example between secret key, policy, and Cyphert X policy, AB for example, so in the framework of parent encodings, Atrapadoon already shows some construction for the conjunction and the dual predicate, and in our work we show that our constructions are slightly more efficient, and just to give an intuition about how these transformations work, I'm gonna talk about our negation, so basically if we start from these three matrices, we build negation like this, we create new matrices, as blocks of matrices using the previous one, so for example the new SE matrix is gonna be the original one transposed, then we have a block with minus the identity, and then we have a block of zeros, and by a similar way we can build these three matrices, and thanks to our algebraic characterization we can show that this is in fact a valid predicate encoding for the negated predicate of the original one. Okay, I want to talk a bit about some applications, so in fact we managed to improve some existing encodings, for example if we take this encoding from this work, predicate encoding for Boolean formulas, and we transform it with negation, and then we simplify it, we get a simpler encoding, and by simpler I mean it has fewer group elements in the master public key. This will be translated into efficiency improvements, and also the secret key size is variable, so if we produce a secret key for a small formula, secret key will be small, and if the formula is large, secret key will be large, but I want to point out that in the original encoding, secret keys were always large, always the worst case scenario for the size. Okay, there is a small problem here which is our encoding is negated. So if you want to have a normal behavior, you need to negate again, and we can do this negating also from the input. So for example, instead of giving attributes A, B, C, and D to the users, instead of giving a user A and B, you give not C and not D, so you work with negated attributes, and then instead of considering policies, you encrypt for negated policies, and if on top of this you are using our negated encoding, which is simpler, then you can have the normal behavior. Okay, so here I have some benchmarks, I don't know if you can see it properly, but so this is a comparison for the setup. So another thing that we consider is, so now we can do dual policy, A, B, in the framework of predicated encodings. So yeah, this was already considered in the other framework of parent codeings. And basically we can do this by combining the conjunction and dual predicate transformation. Another thing we can achieve is revocation, so we propose this method for revocation. You combine a predicate P1 for the actual access policies that you want to use, with a predicate for broadcast encryption, and by using this, you can revoke some users. So even if two users have the same secret key for the same set of attributes A, and this set of attributes is supposed to be enough to encrypt certain ciphertext, you can still use this part to revoke one of them, and not the other. And in fact, we show that with this mechanism for revocation, you can achieve revocation for thousands of users in reasonable time. Here you have four algorithms, of an implementation of our primitive. Okay, and then we have other possible applications. You can read more about this in the paper, but for example, we show also how to improve predicated encodings to support delegation. So this would allow you to, for example, take your secret key and weaken it into this powerful one that you can delegate also. You can also use this to achieve a forward secrecy, if you destroy your original key. Yeah, so basically to sum up, in this work we consider this framework of encodings that simplify the analysis of predicated encryption and construction, and we focus on predicated encodings. We try to improve their expressivity and efficiency, and to do so we define a new notion of predicated encodings. We combine them and provide transformations, optimizations, and we also give some possible applications for all these results. And we also consider the relations between these encoding primitives. So I want to finish with some questions, in fact. Yeah, so for example, given a predicated encoding, a predicated, sorry, what is the minimal predicated encoding that you can build for it? Or this one here, can we build predicated encodings for regular languages or unbounded A-B? I'm not sure about this. These two can be achieved in the framework of parent encodings. And a very interesting one is, why does this negation trick works? So as you saw, we managed to improve an existing encoding by negating it and simplifying. And this doesn't only work for the Boolean formula encoding that I mentioned, but it also works, for example, for arithmetic spam programs. So the question is, why does it work? Also you may consider of negating twice, but if you negate twice, you always end up, go back to the original encoding. So I would really like to understand why does negating simplifies encodings? It's an interesting question for me. Yeah, so this was all, thank you very much for your attention.


Who do you think is the best trash talker in the league? I want to say Patrick Beverly.  But he's a good dude, a good player. I really like his game. I really like what he does. What did you say to your old teammates at the end there when you were standing in front of the bench? Long flight to LA, take your out of the tone. Pat Beverly. Yeah, he just talks a lot of trash. It's going to go to the free throw line. God, you got to Pat Bale. God, I see him talking to a lot of the guys during games, and he gets that. Timberwolves in the playoffs for just the second time since 2004, and they're going in 2022 led by Patrick Beverly.


Hey there Firewall fans, it is Petrifying Pumpkins here and today I want to tell you all about the Firewall Ultra GSPL League which is about to start. Get ready for an adrenaline packed season with the Firewall Ultra League brought to you by GSPL the Gaming Synergy Pro League. Mark your calendars because the 12th of February the action begins. Every match in this league is going to be streamed by each squad themselves with some of the epic battles even being covered by amateur hour commentary. There are 16 top notch squads ready to go head to head in two groups of eight and yes I have the roster right here on the screen. As you can see we have Destroya, Guardians, New School, The Deadly Handys, Tropic Thunder, Ultra Noobs, VOR Energy and Who and that's in group one and over in group two then we have Bayedni Accents, Greedy Bastards, Invictus Sausage Party my personal favorite name, Shadow Coalition, Teddy Killer, The Cupid Stunt, Close Second and Toxicals. These squads are no joke featuring a mix of Firewall Zero Hour, Veserans and some fresh faces as well. The competition is going to be fierce and the tactics are going to be real. After the group stage the top four from each group will enter division one, battling for glory. Meanwhile the bottom four will do kudos in division two. It's all about proven who's the best of course and that's not all. From this season they're looking to establish ranked leagues where teams will be seated based on their performances. The stakes are high and the excitement is real. The community is buzzing with players taking the game more seriously than ever before with 32 streams every week they're going to be bringing tactical gameplay to the forefront and raising awareness of firewall ultra. If you want to stay updated and get any more details you can check out the GSPL discord channel for all the fixtures, streams and insider information. The link to that will be in the description below and if that's not enough eight players from the leaderboards top 10 are going to be stepping into this league you won't want to miss the showdown of the very best. And if you know somebody who's in any of these squads make sure you cheer them on during the streams or on discord make some noise for these amazing players. So get ready we're just one week away from the start of this league hopefully it'll be one to remember. Thank you for watching this video I'll see you in the next one goodbye.


Recently, I was asked the question, how do I handle a man who's judgmental and doesn't make time for me? So it's very common to experience judgment, and certainly that might rub the person the wrong way, rub you the wrong way if you're in relationship with someone who's overly judgmental, overly critical. Now, you might find that your ideologies, your perceptions of the world are so vastly different that it creates a caustic or contentious relationship between the two of you. You have to recognize that men may not be driven to fully commit to someone. They're not driven to fully commit to someone. They want connection. Now, those who follow my work, I'm here to encourage. The best relationships are where two people can integrate their lives with one another.


Live from Chicago, Illinois. It's theCUBE, covering VeeamON 2018. Brought to you by Veeam. We're back in Chicago at VeeamON 2018. Hashtag VeeamON, my name is Dave Vellante. With my co-host Stu Miniman, you're watching theCUBE, our exclusive live coverage of VeeamON. We go out to the events, we extract the signal from the noise. Cube alum Dave Russell is here. He's the newly minted VP of enterprise strategy at Veeam. Dave, it's great to see you again. Thanks for coming back on. Thanks for having me, guys. What a difference the year makes. Yeah, so newly minted last year, we had you on as a Gartner analyst. We've followed you work for years. I personally followed you for actually many decades going back to your IBM days. So, you know, let's start. How'd you end up at Veeam? Unexpectedly, very similar to IBM to Gartner transition, wasn't looking to make a change. Opportunity came literally out of the blue. So this transition was also equally out of the blue. Some emails, phone calls started taking place over one weekend, actually on a Sunday. So towards the end of a weekend. And, you know, after a little bit of discussion, a couple of opportunities and kind of looking at where I thought I might be the best fit and realizing that I really didn't think I was in a position to relocate, you know, me and move the family. Even though no one else said that I had to do that, I just felt like to do another position justice. You really have to be there. And in the situation of the Veeam, I didn't think that was the case. I also think I thought I could jump in there and they've got lots of other great people. I mean, Danny Allen is one of many examples. So ultimately from Sunday morning to, I guess, the following Saturday evening, some things were sort of in flight and they landed where they did. So California, of course, as you know, doesn't have non-competes. People leave companies all the time. You were in a position of gardener. You saw everything from everybody.  You had, you know, visibility on companies' plans and now you hear many of the folks that were customers or people that you were advising are now competitors. How do you, as an analyst and now a professional at Veeam, draw that line between what you can and cannot share? I don't want to make it sound too simple, but it's actually not that hard. And what I mean by that is, you know, it's not hard, I think, for anyone that does an analyst job well, a role to understand how to compartmentalize, right? You know, you can't go and talk to a three-letter company and then talk to a two-letter company and mix the two conversations. And the same, you know, with your transition jobs. And when I came from IBM for 15 plus years to Gartner, there were a lot of things I knew, of course, a lot of things that I knew about even the backup space that I was focused on, I was the technical strategist for that product, development manager for that product, even in adjacent areas like storage, meaning storage arrays, you know, my colleagues, new colleagues at Gartner would say, I wonder what the roadmap is for that.  And no one asked me to, you know, it was never that kind of situation. And the same I think is true, you know, right now, is that no one's asked me, so what do you know? In fact, I probably overrotated in that I literally shredded everything that I had and took pictures of me shredding documents that I had. I literally took every drive that I have and overrode it, not just deleted it, but overrode it with multiple patterns and took pictures of that. Semi-ironically, I guess I'll just give this example but kind of leave it at a high level. For a couple of days, it looks like I was going to the West Coast. And so I shredded everything, but their magic quadrant response. And then when I realized that wasn't the case, I shredded that magic quadrant response. So I had to reach out to Veeam and said, hey, you know the thing I just shredded? Your marketing plan that you gave me in person two weeks ago, the magic quadrant response that I had already printed off and highlighted and done notes on, can you re-send that to me again and I need to re-read that. It's okay. So now you clearly had a choice of places to go. You're sought after, you've had an impact on the roadmap and strategy of many, many of these companies. Why Veeam? Well, you know, I don't know if Veeam is going to let me say this, but I thought there were two great opportunities and I'm not kidding, I only looked at two. There were a couple more, but I looked only seriously at two and for very different reasons. The reason that I really liked Veeam was that their problem set or what I thought I could offer was really different. It wasn't, hey, we need someone to really focus on strategy and to navigate through going through a financial, you know, transaction or an IPO situation and what happens after that. It was more operational, it's more we already are in the enterprise, but we need to go big in the enterprise. We already have some strategy people, but we need enterprise strategy. So it was more of an augmentation play and I thought that was really interesting. I thought where Veeam is in it's life cycle was interesting, not that a younger startup isn't also equally as compelling, but when I looked at where I thought I could be of value and ultimately what was right for the family, I thought the best decision. Dave, you've been covering backup for a long time, but would it be safe to say that it's one of the hottest times in this space that you've seen and why is that? I'm a Homer, right? So I'm going to say, I think I've been saying for 28 years there's never been a time like this in backup, but I actually think there's evidence to support that that's true. So let me give you a couple of examples, case in points. Every year I ask the question, are you more or less willing to switch backup vendors? Is essentially the gist of it and that was through my Gartner days and there's kind of a scale. Are you somewhat more willing to augment the solution? Are you far more willing to augment the solution? All the way to are you somewhat more willing to completely replace it or far more willing to completely replace it? Long story short, the heat index or I'm far more willing to completely replace the solution is on the rise. And that kind of flies in the face of the myth that people don't switch backup solutions. The other thing I think was interesting is also drawing from my Gartner heritage last December that a conference did on stage polling and you could ask people questions and one of them was one year from now, who do you think will be your strategic backup vendor? The top response is we won't have a strategic backup vendor. That was 23% of the audience. 22% said it would be Veeam. And then you went down the list for organizations or vendors that have far more market share than Veeam. So if the fact that majority of people say, basically out with everybody and then the second highest response is we're going to choose number four in market based on market share. That's a pretty, I don't want to say, can we say damming? Is that okay to say on here? Okay, that's a pretty damming indictment of the state of the industry. So I know you don't see the stuff or maybe you do with some of it but the stuff that the Wikibon research guys do and they've just done some work and I want to run up by you and just sort of stake test it if you will. Clearly we've been talking about all day that data protection is moving up in the minds of CXOs. I mean that's kind of well known. But they discovered a dichotomy between the business and IT with respect to the degrees of automation. In other words, the business expects that there's far more automation than actually exists. And that's leading in their conclusion to what you were saying before is a lot of opportunities for customer churn. It seems to be a very churn ripe environment. And then the other piece that I'd love your comment on is the global 2000 generally, specifically really the Fortune 1000, is leaving billions of dollars on the table over let's say a three or four year period in either inadequate data protection or poorly architected data protection. So some of those findings sort of jive with your experience and your knowledge of the marketplace. Yeah they really do because the last three years at Gartner one of the fun things I got to do was a little more horizontal was participate in CIO level research. Notice when there's like 415 AM phone calls for me but it was so fun to do because there was I think 3,700 CIOs participated from around the world. So if you look at the big takeaways from there the short story is CIOs think that they're much further along on their journey than they actually are. And I don't think it's because these men and women are blind it's just they're thinking that we've been talking about this for so long haven't we automated more? Aren't we more virtualized? Aren't we more into the cloud? And haven't we done more of our objectives that we set out to do? The sad reality is the cases often no. And if you look at backup and recovery in particular I totally agree with you. I mean for the amount of money that's being spent in this industry our rate of return is not so great. It's not a spending problem to your point you're spending billions and billions of dollars you know on software and then you're spending even more billions on hardware and you're obviously spending human capital to go and manage this stuff and professional services what have you so how can we can't restore the file? Right and essentially many parts of that business are failing so we can do better at your point. I wanted to ask you about the value of data one of your former colleagues at Gartner Doug Laney wrote a great book I got an advanced copy Doug's been on the Cube many times Infonomics is the name of the book really talking about a methodology to understand the value of data. Do you feel like organizations especially in this digital world have a good understanding of the value of their data and if not how does that affect their data protection decisions? I'll give you the short not so great answer which is no I don't think that they do but to elaborate on that I think someone or some people do I don't think that's distributed around the whole enterprise. So for example if I'm the backup person I think I know what I need to go and protect. You might be the Cassandra administrator and you say no this is the future of our business that I'm actually instancing in this new application right here. Meanwhile I'm not doing anything to protect that whatsoever. So if I'm operating under independent view that doesn't align with the business then we're in trouble and I'm fortunate I think that's too typically the case that all parts of the business aren't interlocked. Yeah back to your point about some of the transitions happening in the market there's a number of players that are putting forth primary appliances even though they are software based and Veeam is 100% pure software. How do you see that dynamic playing in the market right now? Well I don't think there are any wrong answers. I know that sounds like a weasel cop out so let me double click on that.  There you go yeah there's 16 shades of gray actually. So the part that I think is very positive on appliance delivery model is that solves initial deployment challenges that solves proof of concept challenges.  We can cut a PO for you right now. So there's actually a value in my mind for that hardware delivery model. Then you get other customers that they're on the other end of the spectrum right. I don't want to spend more money on your server that you're going to charge me for when I actually have more buying power if I'm a large size organization right. I can go to name your server company and buy it for cheaper than you can. And what I've found is when I used to do a Gartner ask questions of what is your purchasing attention around backup and recovery. It literally became kind of right down the middle. Some people were moving away from appliances towards software based. Some people were doing the opposite and others were kind of of open mind somewhere in the middle.  They're today primarily a sales motion of a hardware appliance but obviously they offer a virtual appliance as well. You take the other end of the spectrum someone like Veeam where Ratmir has made it very clear we are not in the hardware business and you look around and you see there are a lot of hardware partners. So at the end of the day whether you own it or enable it I'm not convinced as 100% the point I think it's really operating the choice and but more importantly what's the experience of that choice? People don't want to be integrators so that favors appliances you would think but maybe people don't want to be integrators and if they have a tightly coupled solution where they don't feel like they're assembling it but they also don't have to just buy whatever Veeam says is going to be the controller this year then maybe that's positive too. What's your point of view and it may not be Veeam's sweet spot but I wanted to get your thoughts on this when you look at an Oracle environment and you see how Oracle approaches data protection obviously there's Armand in there but it seems like the database and the application take more responsibility for recovery in particular and it seems to work quite well but it's expensive and it's probably overkill for most applications. Did you see that as a trend or is that sort of an isolated tip of the pyramid? I would have said years ago that I thought it was a trend because the notion of either a hypervisor or an application being more aware of recoverability or availability would make a lot of sense to me because they understand more about what's going on in that particular system. The reality is and Oracle does a number of great things Armand is wonderful, ASM is wonderful they have a couple of different appliances but I'll just leave it at the fact that's not the predominant Oracle protection mechanism today even for Fortune 500 means that there's some sort of feeling that maybe that's not answering all of the issues. Is that, you feel like that's an opportunity for Veeam but I infer from the response? I do and to be honest, to be fair I think it's an opportunity for others besides Veeam but absolutely I think it's an opportunity for Veeam because Veeam is trying to go in and further penetrate that space Oracle is forever going to be vitally important you know I don't think we're ever going to see a day where SAP running on Oracle on on-prem server goes to zero. Dave on the keynote stage this morning you said you want to be a builder again what do we expect to see from you just for the next coming year? Well yeah I think the big thing is I have had the luxury of being able to listen to and advise people and that's kind of, I was going to say blessing that sounds corny but it's a privilege but I miss the direct connect I want to be great to be able to really go to product groups and say here's what I think we need to do in the next rev of the solution or here's my rationale from talking to either Veeam customers or Veeam prospects about why they're not choosing us for some workloads maybe it's high-end work Oracle and be able to affect change I really was serious on stage when I said I view this as my last stop this is my third switch or second switch and third company so hopefully I'm here for 10 or 12 years otherwise that's a little premature of a switch Well Dave congratulations on the move and the new role at Veeam your reputation is impeccable and really appreciate you coming on the queue Always good to see you guys thanks for having me You're welcome Alright keep it right there everybody Stu and I are back with our next guest this is theCUBE we're live from Veeamon 2018 in Chicago we'll be right back


Going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards ripping one box of sports card Almanac Personal Edition volume 6 number 62 for Celia C Good luck here 62 of We've got a Sneaker Spotlight 77 to 99 Kade Cunningham from this year's noir 2223 Panini noir basketball love the secret so sick man. Kade Cunningham Yes, nigger spotlights one of the best Sets in the game. Go Ravens to Cancun. I'll get him out get Steve out super clean That'll do it for you. Sully a very nice Get those right out to buddy


during an implosion. Total wrecking is handling the demolition and clearing of this old coal power plant. I came out here when they began the job a few months ago to take a look at what the site looked like. It was filled with buildings and structures. It's really dense. They've cleared out so much of it. They've made some room. The implosion is going down. They're gonna be knocking over the tall tower structure as well as bringing down the front face of the building behind it. The building is going to be exploding. Well, no, not exploding, Bubby. Imploding is the difference, OK? So an explosion thinks it's going out. An implosion. They're imploding the base. So they're using charges on the outside that's going to blow the base inward. The main shaft is then going to fall over. And I think that's part of it. I hope they got their calculations correct. Nothing comes on towards us. We got some space. We actually came out here yesterday to plan out everything, test out the RF environment, see how our drones are going to interact with everything else going on in the air. And at the time, that's going to be the toughest thing. Those are the charges? Those are the charges. I see you made that V-shape, so that's going to make it fall basically that way. The charges are already on there? That's what those black powder is. So they could just go boomerang. Back to me. This isn't like Bernard with his fireworks. These are perfect. They've done this before. You see on that green beam, that 2-1 box? Oh, yes, yes, yes. That's where the charges are on those. Oh, OK. Oh. Chop those legs out and then the whole thing is just going to tumble over. So this is Stefan. Total wrecking hires him to do the main documentation of all their work. And you're going to be actually flying with us tomorrow, right? Yeah. So we have to pre-coordinate everything to reduce the chances of our drones interfering with each other. Thankfully, the DJI Mavic has a setting where you can force it to operate on the 2.4 gigahertz spectrum. Our FPV system is on the 5.8 gigahertz spectrum. That means we should have plenty of separation in the signal between our FPV drones and their Mavic drones. How much time are we talking before the building comes down? Seconds or minutes? Seconds. The first part is really slow. It kind of does this. And then it starts to lean. And then it accelerates through the ground. Know that it's going to be picking up speed on its way down. So you don't want to try to follow it too close to the ground. I want to just do a full test, just like it would be tomorrow morning, where both of us are going to fly over there. You're going to be up and let's do a, let's like pretend like we're doing it. Yeah, OK. The reason we do this is so we can test our video and replicate the RF environments that will be there on the actual day of implosion. The biggest challenge is that you only get one shot of this. If you miss the shot, they can't put the building back up and let you have another go at it. It's done. Even timing out how long it takes us to get from the takeoff point to the site is important because we have to be positioned a safe distance away. My hands are literally freezing. Oh yeah, you're not from California. You've never experienced it. The floor is supposed to be hot. I came here because it has good weather. What's up with it? Oh my gosh, the guys in your weather. They're going to blow the smoke stack and they're going to wait for it to be almost down before they hit the button to drop the other one. Tomorrow, the boom booms are going down. It's going to be amazing. We've done this once with them before. I got to fly a previous implosion with them. And it was one of the most intense experiences I've ever flown. After the adrenaline, the smoke was going in where you feel it in your chest. Yeah. Boo, boo, boo, boo. I can't believe we're going to do it again. Did you see the last video? I did see the last video.  It kind of feels like a big firework. But then when the building actually comes down, it's like, yeah. Boo, boo, boo.  That's what I'm more afraid of. The company that actually does our total wreckings and closions, I actually set up seismographs around to measure the vibration on the ground. It registers like a smaller earthquake. That's crazy. Bubby's got a great strategy for how he's going to get a really epic shot and I know he's going to deal it. I'm just going to go ahead and put my drone in harm's way. Since we have two of us, I'm going to get right down to where the detonation occurs and see if we can get some of that like concussive force right in your face. We're going to put the drone in a spot where you could never put a human camera operator. You get this in the editor once you color grade it and like do a bunch of speed ramping. This shot is going to look super sick. So thank you guys again for joining.


What is going on guys? Welcome back to the channel critical over Lord here She's talking about Halloween ends in this video here again today So last night I uploaded a video to tell you that Halloween ends did indeed have its footage revealed footage Roy Genzied revealed. I did not say it was released online It was revealed at Cinemacon as many of you who watched my channel knew that we were expecting to get that and Now I just want to come on here and do a better breakdown of what we saw in the in that trailer that was presented by Jamie Lee Curtis who again gushed over her time in the role of Laurie Strode and She talked about how Laurie represents every woman who is facing their figurative boogeyman and Again, if this is her final who raw as the character of Laurie Strode I think she also made comments about how Laurie Strode is basically like the og final girl Now give you that I don't think the term was around at the time But she essentially yes would be the og or one of the og's if not one of the more One of the more common ones you think of when you hear the term final girl you think of her I would say Laurie Strode is at the top I would say she's at the top just because of how long she's been in the horror genre and what that character has done over the years But going into this breakdown from comment book calm It is saying here that the trailer again starts out I guess why saying 44 years ago the face of fear was born Classic footage from John Carpenter's Halloween is shown a murder montage shows the victims of Michael Myers on Halloween 978 in 2018 Every scream every scare every slash has led to this in a new footage Laurie breathes heavily as she's hides in dark closet Michael Myers stalks a kitchen with a knife Laurie lunges at Michael and slashes at him. It's a brutal fight Michael grabs Laurie's hair and slams her face first into a glass cabinet Laurie grips her knife and stabs it into Michael's hand the trailer ends with Michael on the table Laurie stands over her prey with a butcher knife And then we get the title card I guess of Halloween ends now I don't know how long this will actually end up being when we actually get it because again I'm predicting this one will arrive online in June Maybe even late July, but I'm hoping June And be be attached with Jurassic World Dominion I think another movie coming out that same same month is the black phone so it could be attached there out of any of those two universal movies. I think that they would have the Trailer this teaser trailer. I guess you could call it associated with one of those movies So Halloween ends this footage that we're getting and or that we got Released or not released revealed at CinemaCon last night and how it's describing this brawl between Michael and Laurie and how it's again Going back over the footage of what we've already seen to be canon in this current timeline the events from 2018 and the events from Halloween of 1978 from John Carpenter all of this feels very Very full circle, of course, they're treating it like, you know, this is the end I I'm seeing that, you know, they really are honing in on the fact that this is called Halloween ends and they're not They're not shying away from letting that be a part of the marketing They're trying to literally get you to go out of your way and be sold on the fact that this could be the end of the franchise This could be the last Michael Myers movie. Would I be fine if this is the last Michael Myers movie? Yes, I would only because of the fact that if you and do if you do indeed go out on a high and then come back many years later and You know, we get that little mediocre Slasher sequel that I guess many of you consider those in between movies to be Then you know so be it. I don't want it to be too soon No to the point where people look back and say, oh no that that messes up what we got with Halloween ends It tarnishes that movie's legacy if it ends up even being a classic I think there's a chance that this movie does indeed surpass what we got in halloween kills I think there's a chance that what we get is going to be something that again is more character driven We will get to spend more time with lori strode Obviously see how she's been impacted by losing her daughter now possibly even living with her granddaughter how she's been impacted by And I'm really looking forward to seeing how this kitchen brawl actually looks on screen Now I did also want to touch on something as it pertains to an individual Who was in attendance at this of screening and talked about Michael potentially having a new mask now Michael Most most likely will not have a new mask But it might have some updates to it So I guess you could still call it new in the sense that it apparently will have like some stains Or it's going to look like the mask he had at the end of halloween kills But maybe it has with some maybe it has some blood stains or something from where he killed karen And I'll leave a link to the tweet of the person who is claiming they saw this uh But they're saying it looked like the the mask he had at at the end of halloween kills But maybe this just had a few added additions to it Given how he killed karen and it's just like has some dried up blood stains. Maybe it looks a little bit more worn and Maybe it has more shines of being like, you know Torn down worn out because it's over four years later And he doesn't take care of himself in the sense of being clean And that's how the mask will look and I guess that's how you can come to the conclusion It's a new mask while really it's just a mask from kills With some added additions to it. It's I I'm not against that if they go with that, that's fine I would much rather have that than something that's completely new where he just has this brand new mask. It has no Burns on it. It's completely fresh and new Uh, so if they're sticking with the kills mask, but now just adding some new details to it based off of everything He endured in kills then that's a good That's a good way to bring back a new iteration of the mask while not being completely new And again the consistency here with the look of the shape is one thing I got to get props to with this trilogy because again going back over the many sequels and how he looks different in all All the sequels and all the movies Mostly because of the fact that it's a different actor portraying the character So I got to at the end of the day, even if halloween ends were to fall short Come on here and at least acknowledge the fact that this movie series this trilogy here is the most consistent creatively in the terms of who's behind them who's in the role as the shape and Just many aspects as far as how they're trying to go about getting a clear cut vision out there versus the Other entries where you kind of have someone making a movie and then not coming back to make the sequel There's a new crew involved new michael mires and all these other things The only thing that really were staying the same were the producers the like accords and you know All the all the typical people you were expecting, but everything else was always changing you had different writer different michael mires I mean you had a consistency in the cast a little bit with daniel harris But this here has been so consistent I appreciate that that trailer breakdown from comic book.com so I could come off here And share it with you guys and go over some of the highlights from it This montage of stuff they show from halloween 1978. I'm sure will be A source of nostalgia for those of you who got to witness that movie in theaters 40 years ago And now we're going to be witnessing what may be the end of halloween michael mires and lower show As we know it this october but let me know what you guys think about this down in the comment section below If you haven't already of course Make sure you subscribe turn on publication and miss a video in the description have links to my social media accounts on facebook Twitter and instagram You can message me there of course to limiters any movies news or reviews You'll let me to cover in the future with all that in my guys. I will see you in the next video