Just a couple of notes to say that this recording will also be live-streamed to the Proxity University Facebook page. But as you are with us on Zoom today, there is a Q&A section. So if you have questions as we go through, one of us from the team would be able to answer those. You'll also find the chat section where you can write to the panelists or indeed to everybody to ask a question there as well. So please feel free, if something comes up as we go through or you'd like clarification to ask, and we'll try and make sure that we get to that either as we go through the presentation or indeed at the end as there's time for questions. So a few more people are just joining us. Thank you very much. Welcome. It's nice to see you all here this afternoon. We'll just start setting up with the live stream and then we'll get started with the presentation. Good afternoon everybody. My name is Natasha and I'm the head of admissions at Proxity University and I'm delighted to be joined today by my colleagues Alice, Alexa and Anna. We will be delivering you a presentation today to give you further insight into our university, our programs, the student experience and hopefully address any questions that you might have about the application process and indeed what it's like to study with us. So in this first section hopefully as you're all joining us here today you already know a little bit about Proxity University but I'd like to give you a general introduction. So first of all we are offering both British and Czech degrees and diplomas so Alice, Alexa and Anna will go into more detail about our four schools which is the School of Art and Design, the School of Business, School of Media and IT and School of Education and talk to you in a little bit more detail about the qualifications that we offer. We are offering qualifications at all levels so through from foundation up until masters and professional qualifications as well so regardless of what you're looking for we should be able to offer you and find the right fit and program that will suit and meet your needs. The thing that makes our university quite special is our international environment and the community feel that we offer to all of our students so we have many students who join us locally from who are already based in the Czech public and our Czech citizens but we have many students who choose Proxity University as their study abroad destination so they travel from within Europe and indeed from around the world to come and study with us either for their bachelor's degree perhaps their first program or for further study as well. So that makes for quite an unusual and unique environment we believe because although the common language is English you can find students from all around the world that our graduates tell us and it really helps them on the employment market because they're already used to a multicultural environment and it's something that I think people really take away as an exciting opportunity to be able to meet people from all around the world through their studies and gain that insight and different perspectives on life as well not only education. So in terms of our approach to teaching we have very small class sizes across all of our programs so you can typically expect to be with around 10 to 20 students depending on your program choice and what that means is we really have a personal approach to teaching and learning so you will get to know your lecturers you will also know your peers and rather than you know an exam based style way of assessment it's very much feedback driven as well and very much practically and career orientated so you'll hear a little bit more in detail how that works within each of the schools but you can certainly expect to learn not only about kind of key theoretical concepts but also about how this can be applied in the workplace and that's all supported by academic research as well. So the lecturers that will be teaching you typically have not only their teaching experience in that research background but some also from the world of practice as well to really complement your studies and enable professional progression which is what most of our students who come with us are looking for a successful global career in the future. So you'll hear a little bit more now about our schools and our degrees and diplomas but if you are studying on one of the British degrees that we offer then even though you would be studying in Prague your final degree award at the bachelor's and master's level would come from Teeside University in the UK so we will make sure that it's clear as we go through our programs which are British programs and which are our Czech degrees just to add that clarification there so you know depending on your program of interest which degree award you would receive at the end of it. So that's a very brief introduction just to who we are in our environment and now I'd like to hand over to Anna I believe to introduce our first school. Thank you and hello to everyone. Our School of Art and Design offers two master's degree programs, two bachelor's degree programs and one foundation diploma. These programs are all culminating into a final exhibition where students display their work in a public setting. You are going actually to see some of the final student work captured in the video in a little bit and the first program I would like to talk about is the bachelor's degree in graphic design which is a British accredited program. It is a practical studio based program which encourages independent learning and problem solving approach. Students on this program develop their skills in typography, corporate identity design, web or editorial design, packaging, motion graphics and other areas of the graphic design field. Over the course of the studies students obviously become fully familiar with the graphic design softwares such as the Adobe Suite. But maybe it's also important to say that this is not purely skill-based program, a technical program. Students are also taught to think critically about design. They are taught to reflect on how design can shape the society. So there is this social element as part of your studies there. Graphic design students are engaging in a real client work, especially in the second and then third year. For example, last year our second year graphic design students had the opportunity to create a book cover layout and a promotional video to a Czech publishing company, Nakladotelsky Akropolis and the company chose one of the student designs, one of the book covers and they used it. So it was a Syrian novel which is now distributed in the bookstores. So that just one example of a real project that students had an opportunity to to cooperate on. And the second bachelor's degree that we offer at School of Art and Design is Fine Art Experimental Media which is equally studio-based program which prepares students to become professional artists. Students on this program learn how to express their ideas through different kinds of media while not focusing on a single one. So the idea is more about integrating the traditional techniques with the new media such as animation, video or sound. As a student on this program you gain technical skills such as coding for websites and applications or video and sound editing and production. But you would also have a chance to learn more about the art history, the art theory and also about the professional development for artists. So students are taught how to describe and curate their own work, how to apply for a grant for example or how to manage manage a budget for an exhibition. So as I already mentioned the culmination of this program is a big moment, is a final exhibition that students are preparing for the whole third year in their own studio space. You can actually now see a footage that captures some of the final student work in progress. For both of these programs the portfolio is needed as part of your application. However if you're thinking about going in the direction of art and design or media and you don't have a portfolio yet we do also offer a foundation diploma in art, design and media practice which you are welcome to apply for and we don't require a portfolio for this program. As a graduate from the bachelor's programs you have an option to progress on to the master level if you wish to further your skills, dedicate time to the research and get more studio practice and we can continue with the next school. That will be for Alexa I think. Thank you. So in our school of business we have two master's degrees, two bachelor's degrees and one foundation diploma in business. So the foundation diploma in business is a really great starting point if you're not quite sure which area of business you're looking to study if you need more experience studying in English because you want to practice in this British system or if you need additional qualifications before entering into a bachelor's degree this is a really great starting point. So it kind of gives you an overview of of what you might kind of delve deeper into in the bachelor's programs and help get a better feel of what the British system might be like. The international finance and business accounting program is really focused more on this accounting side of business. So if you're looking to work as an accountant or finance department of of an organization this might be a good first step. You'll focus on business fintech systems, different economics and strategy courses and international finance in different global settings. So it's really great if you're looking more specifically for those areas. The international management bachelor's program gives you a more more complete overview of different areas that you can go into. So if you're looking at a beginner or middle level management, HR departments, then this would be the program for you. You'll focus more on global trade, working in a global business environment, business law and ethics and things of that nature. Both programs are for three years and these are under the British accredited system. So you would get the diploma from our partner T side university. Then our master's in leadership and strategic management program. It is offered in the intensive format only. So it would take 12 to 18 months to complete depending on when you submit your dissertation. It's also only offered through the global blended format. So this means you can stay where you are. You would study through our digital campus and be able to work alongside your studies. So this is what we call an industry integrated program. So you should have at least two years of work experience and ideally be currently working. A lot of the things that you'll be doing in the program will be related to work experience and things that you've actually had to deal with in your organizations. So it is important that you do have that work experience for this program. And it's really ideal for professionals looking for higher level management sitting on boards of organizations and kind of building your career from there. And then our master's in international management program can be completed in either the intensive format or the standard format. So you can complete it in either one year or in two years depending on what's best for you and kind of what you're looking for in your studies. This can also be done through the global blended format or in person. So again, depending on your situation and what you're looking for, you can contact your admissions advisor to see what might be best for you. So with this program, it's actually open to all previous studies. So whether you have backgrounds in business or psychology or law or music, really anything. So we welcome all students to apply. So for example, if you did your bachelor's in our School of Art and Design, you're welcome to apply for this program and get kind of this art and business kind of combination. So this program will really help you prepare to work in international settings. You'll look at intercultural relationships in the workplace and kind of help you to become a more globally minded manager. And we also do offer tuition towards ACCA and SEMA qualifications. So as a part of your studies, you'll actually gain some exemptions towards both of these.  So it's a nice bonus for you. And if you did decide to kind of pursue those, then you can take these classes through us and prepare you for those examinations. And the programs at the bachelor's level are also offered through the blended learning format. So if you are interested in learning more, you can talk to your admissions advisor to see if that format might be best for you. So our School of Media and IT offers two bachelor's degrees and one master's degree, which are all British accredited. The first bachelor's degree that we offer is in creative media production, where students become experienced storytellers with innovative and complex narrative and create engaging content for different platforms and audiences. During your studies, you will develop a wide range of skills such as technical skills, so shooting, recording, sound and video editing. So it is basically a 360 degrees approach to content creation. There are also interpersonal skills such as communication, negotiation, collaboration and leadership. And there is also a social element to this program as we encourage our students to be socially aware. So they work with underrepresented groups of society and create projects to make their message heard. It is also a very practical program, as I would say 80 to 90 percent is all practice. The second bachelor's degree that we offer, it is in computing. And it can be approached via two paths. There is multimedia path, which concentrates on digital media, 3D modeling and game design. And then there is cyber security, which covers network security and secure application development. The master's degree that we offer is in computing and it is for those students who would like to develop their skills at the highest level. And it can be completed in intensive format, which as you can see is 12 to 18 months or standard format, which is 24 to 30 months. So the last school we would like to present is School of Education. Our School of Education prepares students to be professional educators and the approach is based on a combination of theory and practice. It is important to say that School of Education offers check accredited programs, meaning these programs are accredited in the Czech Republic by Czech authorities. The bachelor program we are offering is bachelor in specialized education, teaching English as a foreign language accredited in the Czech Republic. As part of the program, students further their English skills to a deeper level to C1 or C2, depending on their level upon entry. Students focus on the educational, psychological and linguistic aspects of teacher training. And additionally, and this is the key component of the program, students undergo an extensive teaching practice. The teaching practice takes place in small groups and includes immediate personal feedback. Students complete a total of 480 hours of pedagogical practice as part of this program. As a student on this program, you have the opportunity to earn advanced credit and eventually obtain the prestigious Cambridge SELTA certificate, which qualifies its order to teach English to adults anywhere in the world. And it is important to say that this program is currently delivered both in English and in Czech, but we are currently preparing to open an English pathway from September 2022 for English speakers only. At School of Education, we also offer a Czech professional qualification teaching English at Czech secondary schools. This is a three-semesters program that is suitable for Czech speakers who have completed a master's degree in non-teaching specialization and who have eventually decided to teach English at Czech schools and they need a qualification for it. So this is a three-semesters professional qualification for teachers. Tuition on these programs is in English and in Czech. On the bachelor degree higher you get in the program than more English you will have. And as I mentioned already for English speakers, we are preparing to open this program for September 2022 admission. And in addition to your studies, we also have a speaker series in each school. So our master's speaker series is our School of Business, our Media Innovation and Technology series is our School of Media and IT. Our Visiting Artist and Lecture series is our School of Art and Design and then our Excellence in Learning and Teacher series is our School of Education. So over the last couple of years we've actually been able to invite speakers from all over the world and not only from Prague and the rest of the Czech Republic. So we've had lecturers from the UK, from Australia, from the US, and have really had a chance to broaden the types of speakers that we can get to kind of help with our student learning. During these series these speakers will talk about their areas of expertise and our students have the opportunity to ask questions and kind of network with people from different areas. So if you're a student in our School of Media and IT, you're still welcome to attend all of the speaker series and not only your school. So it gives you a chance to kind of learn outside of your area of study. We also have a variety of student events and a very active student life. So we have art exhibitions and performances throughout the year. So not only just those final exhibitions, our students kind of can put together pop-up shows throughout the year that you can attend. We have a variety of student societies and so we currently have a few on. So our clay society is our newest, it was just created last year. We have a music society, our gaming society, a design society, and our film society and art and reading. So as you can see, there are so many different types for every interest. And if there's something that you're you don't see on there yet, you're also welcome to create your own. So if you want, if you're really into a certain sport, like for example, we're happy to help you create something that you can call your own and invite other students to join you in what you like to do. Our student council is also very active. So they put on events throughout the year for our students and you can also join them. So if you're interested in sitting on the student council board, you can run for those elections during the year as well. We have a student run magazine, our Agora magazine. So I think maybe two years ago, the student came through during their admission. They were really interested in starting this. And so after they joined, they did. So, you know, this is a really great opportunity for students to get involved. So if you're looking to write articles or take photos or kind of be a part of this student magazine, you can join that as well. We have a variety of social and community events, including our annual theme, which is this last year was be the change. So we've created some events throughout the year. They kind of circle around this annual theme and kind of keep us all on the same same mindset and thought and focus for that year. We also have our new PCU Explore. So we plan trips around both Prague, Czech Republic and also abroad. Our students get to go to some galleries, for example, and they've gone to Berlin and Dresden, Vienna and Venice. So you kind of are graphic design students in particular to kind of understand more areas of art and different galleries and things like that. They also put together some walking and cycling and architecture walks throughout the city to kind of get to know Prague better and the Czech Republic better and with the hope that you feel more at home in the Czech Republic. So as you've heard, in addition to your program, there's a lot of extracurricular activities. The speaker series that Alexa just introduced, I'll formulate part of Learning Plus as well. So these are opportunities really beyond the classroom environment where you can engage either with professionals, people who have taken different paths to share their expertise, as Alexa mentioned. And there's a few further things that we offer whereby you can deepen your learning and also explore areas which perhaps aren't directly linked to your program. You will have seen as we went through and introduced our programs that each one is connected to a certain area. So what that means and the system that we offer and we work with is that all of your modules are connected to that key subject area that you're studying. So the Learning Plus initiative is an opportunity for you to share in practice and meet other students from different schools to share ideas and also for you to perhaps deepen and strengthen your learning in areas that you're not necessarily covering on your program. So we have university-wide electives. Our first course that we've been running this past academic year was in Proxity Architecture. This was a free course open to all students who wanted to just either learn more about their home city if they were from Prague and deepen their connection to it and also for perhaps our international students or people from other cities in the Czech Republic get to know the area and perhaps see the city in a different way and learn something that they wouldn't be able to otherwise. And there's more of these electives that will be offered, so covering things such as philosophy or ethics. So looking at different types of educational activities as well and the architecture course also was complemented by some city walks. So it's another opportunity as well for you to meet other students. You can also see there that we have linked in learning. This is something that some lecturers have chosen to incorporate into their programs but it's something also that all our students can sign up for. Typically that's at a cost, but for our students it's not and you get there a wealth of subject areas to explore. So if you're in business but you perhaps have a creative streak and you want to learn a specific design skill then probably on LinkedIn learning there's a course that you can do to pursue that. Or similarly if you're not sure that you want to kind of go down the international management route as Alexa mentioned at the master's level to complement your studies, but maybe that's something you're interested in. Trying out one of the LinkedIn learning courses is a great way to also expand your horizons and think about what directions might suit you and do it at your own pace basically in a less sort of formal setting than either as part of your qualification that you're studying with us. So this is a great platform to have access to whether you use it to further your study and research in your own program or whether you use it to actually develop skills outside of that. But the possibilities really are endless if you've ever logged in because there are thousands and thousands of courses so I'm sure you will find something that would be relevant for you. We also offer study abroad opportunities so as we mentioned at the start we have a very international environment at PCU but we do appreciate that some students perhaps who are more local want the opportunity to go abroad and also that for some students you know they have a thirst for travel and perhaps want to try something or somewhere different. So depending on your program of study will depend on the opportunities available. The study abroad opportunities are you have to apply for them and there's normally a selection process and at the moment our partners are based around Europe as well. So for example within France, Portugal as well and Alexa already mentioned that we have some conferences held in Germany as well through a through a partner that we work with. So as I said depending on your program there might be different opportunities but certainly it's something that if that's what you're interested in is an opportunity that's available to you. And as we set out at the start and as you've heard as Alexa Anna and Alice have spoken through the programs that we offer there's a lot of professional development involved within the program so Anna cited the example specifically for our graphic design students who have set real-life client briefs this can also be true within creative media production, computing even as well and particularly for all of our students we promote internship opportunities and we're constantly trying to expand on and strengthen our industry network to give our students the best opportunity to find the career path that they're looking for but also that during their studies they can support that. So just to give you an example our international finance and business and accounting students recently took part in the university management accounting day which was a competitive event held for over 200 students from the CEE region so locally within Europe and there was teams from over 19 different universities that had to come up with a business case essentially and were judged from a panel and we were really thrilled to see that one of our teams from the finance and business accounting program actually won out of all of the other 19 universities so these are the sorts of professional opportunities that we're preparing you for and I actually think that the result of our students team placing first demonstrates that those skills also pay off so they do come through to potential employers and networks and this is just one example of the sorts of activities that you could expect and are present within all of the programs actually so if this is something that you know is important to you that alongside your studies you would like internship opportunities and to meet different employers think about how to put your CV together and how to best promote yourself this is really a key theme I would say throughout all of our programs and opportunities that we provide this typically culminates in a annual career fair so this is really students opportunities to as I say review CV have workshops network have interview practice and on a larger scale really hear first hand from employers about the skills that they're looking for and learn about the opportunities available and how they can develop them if they've not had that work experience yet or indeed if they're already at that point where they're looking for opportunities you know take those through those discussions that take place at the career fair and we've had many students who have gone on to find work through the connections that they've made over the course of their studies with us so for those of you who are now with us on the open day I assume you are aware that Prague City University is located in the Czech Republic in the capital of the country Prague Prague is a great city to live in with plenty of possibilities for students and Prague City University has three locations in the city we have the main campus where I'm actually right now it is at Prague too which is a residential area ariasary with cafes bars restaurants where many internationals live and you can easily get around with speaking English only in addition to the main campus we have art and design studios at Prague one very close to the old town old town center and that's where our bachelor art and design students work and study the third location is art studios in Prague nine in a former industrial area where our master's master's art and design students work for students who are studying with us remotely we have a digital campus whichever way you will be studying with us we will help you to prepare for the start of the semester so if you're arriving in Prague we have a dedicated member of student services who will help you to understand what you need to expect when entering the Czech Republic in terms in terms of any requirements and for both students for for both new students on campus and in the digital campus we organize a welcome week so during this time you will be introduced to your designated study advisor from student services you will get to know your classmates your teachers the neighborhood where you live or where the university or your campus is located and we will simply help you to settle in Prague you will be also introduced to student services sorry student societies that my colleagues mentioned already and student council in order to improve your experience here in the Czech Republic although I said that in Prague too you will get around with speaking English only we really recommend taking Czech language classes which you can sign up for and we are also ready to support you with the practical tasks at the beginning of your stay and throughout your stay in the Czech Republic some of you might have not been in Prague yet and that is why we would like to show you a short video of Prague that pictures some of the main sites and I can see Alice is already preparing it thank you Prague is a cosmopolitan city with excellent business links and a long-standing history as a cultural hub that continues to the present day. Prague is also a vibrant university city with students coming here to study from around the world for over 650 years. You will enjoy unlimited artistic, cultural and entertainment opportunities. You can participate in a multitude of sports year round or watch many of the world-class teams and individuals who leave, train and compete here and on the weekends and your holidays you can use your base in Prague to travel and explore all of Europe. Business networking, cultural events, theaters, galleries, sports and so much more. Combined with your studies at Prague City University you will have many opportunities to get practical experience in your field of studies and to start and develop your future career. You will also gain a unique perspective on the world that our outstanding international education offers. Prague City University, a British education in the heart of Europe for a global community. Thank you Alice. So that was just a bit of taste of Prague but if you want to see more you have to come here and study with us. We can move to the next slide thanks. So I will talk a little bit about the accommodation options. We work with a number of student residencies and accommodation platforms. The demand for accommodation in Prague at the moment is quite high and that is why we recommend arranging your accommodation on time. So you can see on the screen our list of providers that we cooperate with. For students who need a visa we do recommend staying in a student residence rather than in a private apartment. There is a student house bottage resident or side from residence that we work with. Student house bottage offers twin rooms with a shared or private bathroom and the price is 350 euros or 390 euros depending on the type of the room you choose and this price this is the rent per month. The student resident side from has slightly higher prices starting from 430 euros. They are offering twin rooms as well as a limited number of single rooms and for students who do not need a visa we have a couple more options such as the phase or studio room flat platforms. Both of these providers offer private apartments and flat chair in Prague and the price would depend actually on the location and the type of the apartment you choose. If you're interested in booking an accommodation in Prague with our help you can indicate this in the application form when you are applying to study with us and please do not forget that places are limited so you should get in touch soon. So if you already chosen your program and are ready to join our university the first step would be to apply and submit the required documents. So these are the confirmation of completed education a diploma and transcripts in English then there is proof of English we accept IELTS TOEFL Cambridge or Duolingo English tests there is a letter of motivation 300 words minimum for bachelor's level undergraduate and 500 if you're applying for a master's degree then there is a copy of your passport a portfolio which you would need to submit if you chose one of the programs in the School of Art and Design and also there are CV and letters of recommendations if you apply for a master's program. If everything needs our requirements we will arrange a final interview with the program leader and if this is successful we will send you an offer to study. Here you can see our tuition fees this information can also be found on our website. We do not have application fees and we offer partial scholarships we offer two types the academic excellence one and the social engagement one the academic excellence scholarship is mostly suitable for students who did really well in the classroom and the social engagement scholarship is mostly suitable for students who did really well outside of the classroom and please note that we would only ask you to make your first payment only when the offer to study is signed. Here you can see our admission deadlines for international students both the February 2022 and September 2022 intakes are available however with the February 2022 intake you would study in the digital campus first until your visa is granted with the September 2022 there is still time to apply and relocate the next deadline is 28th of February 2022. There are other deadlines of course as you can see but we do recommend applying as early as possible because there are also benefits that you can receive if you apply early. Right here you can see our admission deadlines for you local and blended learning students both again February 2022 and September 2022 intakes are available and there is still time as you can see to apply and some benefits are still available. Thank you Alice so as we've just mentioned our applications are still open for both the upcoming February semester and of course September 2022 entry as well so we'd just like to spend the closing moments really of our presentation just talking a little bit about our teaching plans and of course the response to the pandemic and how we've been teaching over this time period. So as Alice mentioned if you haven't yet applied to study with us but you would like to start as soon as possible and you have completed your previous education that qualifies you for your chosen program it is still possible to apply for February 2022 entry both for students who are already based in the Czech Republic or perhaps the EU and don't require a visa or of course want to study on one of our blended learning programs and therefore don't require a visa but should you wish to join us and you are an international student then at this stage you should expect us to study in the digital campus for at least the first part of your program. So you've heard us mention the digital campus throughout this presentation just a little bit more background on that was when of course in 2020 we had to deliver classes online we transitioned smoothly without a single day of classes actually being missed and all our students were obviously studying through the online platform known as our digital campus. This has continued to be in place the students who either due to visa reasons travel restrictions or possibly health reasons have not yet been able to join us in Prague but I am pleased to say that since the 2021 2022 academic year we have welcomed students back onto campus and we do intend for our February and next September semesters to continue with delivery of face-to-face teaching for as long as that's permitted by sort of government restrictions and the indications at the moment are that that face-to-face teaching will continue and will be permitted so that is what we're planning for at this time. As mentioned should there still be students though who want to apply and can't get here yet then that opportunity to start in the digital campus is still available and there will be other students who are joining us this February remotely as well as students who will be joining us here in Prague based on your programme of study and based on the situation of all of your classmates that will determine exactly how a teaching is delivered so obviously if all of your classmates are here in Prague you can expect full face-to-face teaching and if it's a mixture then that might mean that you're in a group with your fellow classmates in Prague only or it might be that we deliver hybrid teaching which means that you still come to class but on the screen there you would see your other fellow classmates who are currently working remotely or of course if everybody in that specific group and programme cannot be in Prague yet or there are genuine reasons why you couldn't come onto campus at this time then you should expect delivery through the digital campus so it's very much will depend on your programme and the situation of course of your fellow classmates but where possible we are delivering face-to-face teaching for those programmes that are designed so that in-person delivery and indeed our activities as you heard which are extracurricular they've also been offered through hybrid delivery so for example our societies some societies meet online some might meet in-person some may meet hybrid but the same opportunities are available to all students so we really are one community regardless of at the moment where people are currently studying it's important to note as well that if you are an international student that visa applications are open and the Czech Republic continues to welcome students from overseas as well of course from other EU countries too so if you would be relocating that's very much possible just contact us to discuss what your individual situation is and we can advise which semester would suit you and how you should expect to start your studies based on when you are considering starting for those students who are indeed on campus we do of course have health measures in place to make the environment as safe as possible for students staff and lecturers alike so masks are worn throughout all of the common spaces we have air filtration systems in place in the classrooms as well to increase and improve ventilation of the air quality too and we do actually have a policy of checking for vaccination status or a negative test result before entering the campus as well to try and ensure that the space is as safe as possible for everybody and of course we're abiding by any government directors as and when they are announced so that's a situation so I think the the main message to take away for you is if you're considering in February it will very much be dependent on the individual situation so we'd recommend you to get in touch with us and especially as our semester actually starts on the 21st of February with welcome week taking place the week before on the 14th so there's still around six weeks before class is officially start which is enough time to enroll because the admission process that Alice so kindly explained can all be completed online and depending on how quickly you can gather your documents we can usually set up that interview within a one week period between you and the program leader from the date we receive your application so there's very much still time and then for next September as you heard the next upcoming deadline is the end of February which would bring with you those benefits and again if you're interested in the accommodation as Anna explained we do recommend you to apply early so that's the situation at the moment we do also have a dedicated health and well-being coordinator which Anna mentioned would be in touch with you if you are planning your arrival to Prague but they're also there and available to just answer any questions whilst on campus and to keep you informed of what the current measures are across the city but just to say that at the moment Prague as I said it is still open for travelers for people to enter the country and indeed services are also open even if requiring in some instances vaccination status and so on but things do remain open at this time so I just really like to take this opportunity to thank you all for taking time out of your afternoon to join us we hope you found the presentation informative if you do have further questions we have a little bit of time to take those now so if anything has come up please let us know I would be happy to address those of course if you've got individual questions or you would now like to have a call with one of us here you're with your admissions advisor then you can write to us over email you can see our email on the screen there or you can contact us individually if you're already in touch and we would be happy to set up a personal call with you or answer any questions over email and of course if you're ready to apply then just simply write to us at that address with your chosen programme annual start semester and we would be very happy to send you over the application package and assist you moving forward from there so once again thank you for joining us we'll just wait a couple of moments to see if any questions do arise but I'd like to just thank Alice Anna and Alexa for explaining and introducing our university to you it's also worth saying as well you've obviously heard our perspective here today but there's also lots of the videos that you can find or follow us on social media to see more insight from our students themselves and if you are interested in actually connecting with one of our students or for example attend in one of our classes then this is something that you can also do as well we are just about to come up to the semester break as I mentioned our February semester will be starting on the 21st of February so at the moment students are busy working on assignments and getting ready for submissions but nonetheless we could definitely arrange a call for you with a current student and if you are local in Prague to Prague or want to come and visit the campus this is also possible we do have an open day on the 5th of February for people who could potentially join us in person otherwise please do take a look at our website there for further details information and more videos that could give you further insight we would be very happy to hear from you answer your questions connect you with a student and plan a class visit if that's something that you might be interested in in the future so once again thank you so much for attending it's been very nice to have so many of you with us here this evening I'm no doubt joining us from from all over the world and we really hope to hear from you and be able to meet you one day here in Prague so thank you everybody for attending thank you thank you bye bye bye


Hey everyone, welcome back to my channel. I hope you're good. It feels like it's been a little while. It's been a week. I don't want a week without uploading or doing live shows, but I'm back. It hasn't been that long. Hi, how are you doing? We're back and we're ready for it all over again. Today we've got a book haul, which is very exciting. Book hauls are always one of my favorite kinds of videos. I don't know how this has happened, but I think this is my biggest single book haul I've ever done. I always try to do book hauls at about like 20 books. We've got 28, and here's the thing. I last had a massive book haul on my birthday at the end of January. So it hasn't even been like, it's like a month and a half. So it's my birthday. And I have accrued 28 books in that time. How is that even possible? I don't even understand how this happened. How do I explain it? I actually haven't bought that many of them. We have got four categories, books that I bought myself, books that were gifted, books that were sent to me by the publisher, and books from book boxes. So I've got a little spinning wheel, and we're gonna spin them to decide an order. We're gonna talk about them in. And yeah, before we get into it, make sure you subscribe if you haven't already. And also make sure you're following me on all my social media, like Goodreads, Instagram and Twitter. They're all linked down below always. And quite a few of my videos that are coming up, I may be asking you on social media for things, so make sure you're following me on there so you can be part of the videos. Okay, without further ado, let's get into it. Tap to spin. Oh, it's spinning, it's spinning. Okay, publisher. Okay, so first we're gonna do books that have been sent to me by the publisher. So I've got two January releases here. The first is An Arc of the Burning Girls by CJ Tudor. But this is a thriller about this town that basically has this history of death. So on the back it says, 500 years ago, eight innocents were burnt alive. 30 years ago, two teenage girls vanished without a trace. Two months ago, the vicar hung himself. Welcome to Chapelcroft, a village with a dark past and a dangerous present. Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. I love, oh my God, I love it so much. Like small village English murder. Like that kind of early Agatha Christie vibe where like you're just in this like quaint English village, I'm like, I just, there's a certain, if you haven't experienced it, I don't know if you understand what I'm saying. Like there's like, there's flowers everywhere and like these quaint thatched cottages. And there's murder. Who are you smiling at? It's all the drama, Mick, I just love it. I have read The Chalkman by CJ Tudor. I read that last year and I did enjoy it. I think I gave it like four stars. So I'm intrigued to read this and I believe it has got pretty good reviews already. And then I haven't actually heard many people speak about this yet, but this is If I Disappeared by Eliza Jane Bresier. But I have to like be real with you. Like just look at the US cover. Just look at it. I'm upset for my own reasons, which I'm not gonna discuss now. But this is about a woman who loves true crime podcasts and the woman who hosts her favorite true crime podcast goes missing. And so like this woman, the one who is like the protagonist decides to go to that woman's town and like try to find her. Like go what? Like that's kind of weird. And she finds out another woman has gone missing and has vanished from that area. So I don't know, it sounds good. I love true crime podcast vibes, like things like Sadie have done that really well. So I am excited to read this, but I haven't heard a lot of people speak about it. Then I have already read this, Me, My Dad and the End of the Rainbow by Benjamin Dean. This is about a boy he finds out that his father is gay and it's just about their relation. Oh, she fell.  It's just a really touching story. I gave it four stars or 4.5. I loved it. It's really cute. You should go read it, but I've already done a whole vlog with it in. An amazing middle grade. If you're wanting to get more into middle grade or you're looking for middle grade recommendations, this would be like my favorite middle grade I've ever read. Then I got A History of What Comes Next by Sylvain Nouvelle. I've had such mixed things about this. I have read the first in the Themis File series by Sylvain Nouvelle and I loved it and I've got books two and three and I can't wait to read them. I have given a book by Sylvain Nouvelle five stars and I also gave the test. I think it was like a 3.5 or a 4. So I've had fairly pleasant experiences with this author in the past, but all I know about this is that it's about a family trying to stop some kind of space race, but it's really strange apparently and it's about the hidden history of what was happening at this time and I've just heard it's a bit too weird and the writing style's a bit too weird. What it wants to do is good, but it doesn't quite get there. But all the same, I'm still really excited to read it. This is one of my most anticipated releases of this year because I have loved stuff by Sylvain Nouvelle. So I'm hoping to get to this soon. I really like this cover as well. I think it's just really sleek and classic. I haven't had anyone say they love this. Like I haven't had anyone say they love this, but I'm sure there's people out there and I'm still holding out hope that I can be one of them. So then I got sent The Islanders by SV Leonard. I believe this has just come out or it's maybe just about to come out. And this, oh my God, this is so exciting. So exciting. So I haven't really had anyone speak about this, but this is a murder mystery where basically, so you know the show Love Island, where like all these people go to this island to fall in love. Our gal thinks she's going on that. She gets there, she's mingling, they're drinking, someone dies. That would be like illegal. An announcement comes, one of The Islanders is a murderer and she must work out who. For every hour it takes her, one more person will die. What? When you think you're going on TV to find love, but you're actually in some messed up murder game situation. This isn't part of the deal. This isn't fun. This isn't a challenge.  I can't think of an adjective that's not, you know, unfair, but you know what I mean. It's like everything I've ever dreamt of in a thriller. It's everything I've ever wanted. And I'm so excited. So thank you so much to the publisher for sending this to me. Okay, we're just going to pretend. Yeah. I was angry. I was angry. Then I received The Wolf and the Woodsmen by Ava Reid. And this is a beautiful arc. This comes out on the 8th of June. So quite a while away. So this is apparently a dark, evocative and unforgettable fantasy debut, steeped in Hungarian history and own voices Jewish mythology. It reminds me kind of like of Bear in the Nightingale vibes. I don't know why, The Wolf and the Woodsmen, The Bear in the Nightingale. Like it just gives me similar things. Obviously that's Russian inspired and this is like Hungarian and Jewish inspired. But I'm hoping for that kind of like atmosphere, that kind of magicalness. I think it's set in like a similar time period as well. A unique blend of fairy tale adventure and fantasy.  Isn't that like what I love? So I am so, so excited to get to this. And then the last book that I have been sent by publishers is one I hadn't heard of, but it is The Savage Instinct by M. M. DeLuca. This is set in England in like the 18 somethings. Basically it is about a woman who is sent to this asylum for women who, you know, in that time period, women were sent to asylums for like anything, you know? Like their husbands wanting to get rid of them. They were sent there for anything that didn't adhere to kind of society standards. And she goes there and she meets this female serial killer and kind of becomes inspired by her and strikes up a friendship with her, I believe. And I think it's been compared to like Alias Grace by Margaret Atwood, which I haven't read, but I do own. Yeah, it just sounded very interesting. And like it kind of would go into the harmful ways that women's mental health has been treated throughout history. So super excited for this one. This comes out, I think in May. Yeah, May 18th, this comes out in. So super excited. Hopefully I'll get to it around that time. Next, let's spin the wheel again. Okay, we're gonna talk about books I bought myself. We're gonna talk about the books I bought myself next. So I have actually bought one, two, three, four, five, six books, which isn't that bad. And I think they were all pretty much with vouchers as well. I did say to myself I wasn't allowed to buy any books unless they were new 2021 releases. Like a lot of this book who is. There's two here that aren't 2021 releases, but the rules don't apply. One of them was like on sale for a pound. So how could I say no? And the other one, the other one I bought with a voucher. So we're not counting it. Okay, let's talk about this first. Concrete Rose by Angie Thomas. I'm so excited to read this. I need to fit it into a reading book somehow.  Basically this is based on the father from the hate you give. And it's about him becoming a young dad and like dealing drugs and just his history. I just love Angie Thomas's writing. This is gonna be so good. I've heard such wonderful things about it. So hopefully I'm gonna get to it soon. But that's how I feel about all of my books. And I'm just not reading. I'm not reading like at all. That's concerning. Then I got Honey Girl by Morgan Rogers. This is about a woman who wakes up in Vegas and finds out that she has married. So her and her wife, I think go, they go away for the summer to kind of learn about each other and see if they can make this work. It's not really a romance from what I've heard. It's much more like heavy hitting about this character and looking at kind of the life they have built for themselves. They're like hardworking high achiever who's suffering from burnout. And I've just heard like everyone who's read this said they cried, say that they were so emotionally impacted. So I don't know, I'm just super excited for this. Then one of my favorite covers so far of 2021 releases is Fat Chance Charlie Vega by Crystal Maldonado. It is just like this color. It's just so gorgeous. So all I really know about this is that it's like a YA company of age story about this fat girl living in, what does she live? Connecticut suburbs. Like in white Connecticut suburbia. This guy asked her out but she finds out that her best, he asked her best friend out first. No, man. No. Pretty cute and wholesome but also dealing with like topics like weight as well which I don't think I read enough about. So I'm really excited for this. I haven't heard many reviews actually now that it's come out but I like hard hitting YA contemporaries and I just love the covers so much. Like it's just like one of the most gorgeous covers ever. And then another one of my most anticipated 2021 releases is The Project by Courtney Summers. So this is the author of Sadie and this is about a cult where we have two sisters, one who is in the cult and the other sister is trying to get her sister out of it and to like do some research to kind of expose the cult. I just, I'm so excited. I've really loved reading books about cults recently. I think that kind of like power dynamics and the people being trapped is just like a very interesting topic to read about in fiction and nonfiction. I just can't wait to read Courtney Summers writing again. I've heard some things. I've heard some people give it like three stars. I've heard some people give it five stars. I'm hoping I'm gonna be leaning more towards five stars because Sadie was so wonderful. And just like the back, like, oh my God, just the cover, the vibes. It takes me back to Far Cry 5 which is my favorite cult media ever. And then I have two books that I bought that aren't 2020 releases. The first is The Assassin's Apprentice by Robin Hobb. This was like on sale for a pound. I don't know when I'm gonna work up the courage to read this. I'm scared. But Aaron from Bookton Busy told me that she thinks I'd like this. So that bodes well. All I know about this is like it's a guy called Fitz. He was supposed to be, he's like the king's illegitimate child, I think. And so he's like raised in like the stables or trained as an assassin. I'm not sure which. I don't really know. But a lot of people have been reading this recently on reading Robin Hobb's stuff. I don't know. I feel like it's something I'm gonna pick up and really enjoy one day, but that day is not now. I'm not in the next couple months. And then the other book I bought was Take a Hint, Danny Brown by Talia Hibbert. I recently read Get a Life, Chloe Brown, and I really, really liked it. So I knew that I wanted to pick up the next in the series. It's just a romance series about these sisters. And I've just heard such good things about this one. This is a lot of people's favorite. Okay, are we gonna talk about gifts or book boxes next? Let's shuffle again.  Ah!   We'll go through book boxes really quick because some of these I have unboxed on this channel already. Thank you so much to Fairy Loot and Aluma Crape for sending me these. Just like thank you to the publishers for sending me the books. Like I feel so lucky that I get sent these books. I can't really believe it. So honestly, we've got Law by Alexandra Bracken. I just know this is kind of like a Medusa retelling. I mean, look at that, look at that, look at that. Look at it, look at it, look at it. Fashion meets, it's fashion, it's, excuse me, it's fashion. Wait, what is it, fashion? It's fashion. It kind of gives me like Percy Jackson vibes and I've actually heard a lot of good things about this. I've heard that it's not what you would expect going into it, but I've heard some really, really good things. So I'm super duper, duper, duper excited to get to this. Then we've got Winter's Orbit by Evarina Maxwell. I don't know a single thing about this book.  It's a space opera with high stakes, multiple politics, and irresistibly engaging characters. Perfect for fans for giddy in the night and long way to a small, angry planet. Okay. It's giving me Star Wars vibes. That's all I can really tell you.   Then we have got A Dark and Hollow Star by Ashley Shuttleworth.  Like everyone has been chatting about this book. All I know is that it's like kind of like the Cruel Prince vibes. Like it's like Faye. I think it's got a lot of queer characters and queer relationships in this. I know that all these is they, them pronouns. So I think there's a lot of like sexuality and gender representation in this book. The cover is like fit. Let's not lie. That's like a cool cover. Everyone's been talking about this. So maybe I should read it. I mean, it does scare me because it's quite long. Like it's 500 pages and it's like a tall book as well. And then lastly, we have got This Golden Flame by Emily Victoria. I know this is about like orphans and fate and like some kind of like family history. I don't really know. Listen, the thing with book box, book box like books is that I don't really know much about them going into them, but I'm definitely very excited to own it. I feel like this kind of fantasy is always good to have on hand because it's the kind of fantasy I love. So very excited. I've heard some good things about this one too. Lastly, let's get into the books that have been very kindly gifted to me. The first one is the book I need to read next. And I like, I don't even want to talk about it. I don't. Lord help me. Let's see what happens. It is House of Leaves by Mark Z Daniel Wooswowski. Daniel Wooswowski? Kayla, why have you done this to us? So basically I am co-hosting a Literary Dead Book Club for March, which is Books and Lalas Book Club. So this came about on a live I did. Kayla was watching it and me, Aaron and Molly were on it. And we started talking about House of Leaves and we agreed that we should all read it and it's now Literary Dead Book Club. It's 700 pages long. There's some pages of it like this and you think, OK, right, I can do this. But then there's like pages upon pages. There's like things in boxes. There's things upside down in the mark. Like, what are you even saying? That's just a list of names.  OK, I'm done with this. No, no, no. Sorry, no.  You can track him, maybe, not my stuff. No, no, no, I'm being so... Sorry, can't do this. This is absolutely diabolical behaviour. So I'm going to try and start this today. It's probably going to take me like the rest of March. Like, I'm literally going to give myself the rest of March to read this. I'm going to be vlogging it. Who knows? I may read it in like four days. I might be obsessed. But like, I sincerely doubt that. Oh my God, this is just terrifying. I actually can't. I actually, I actually can't. Part of me thinks I'm going to love it.  I just feel like it could be my vibe. Is I feel like I'm over going to give it five stars or one star. Then, Keras from Library of Keras very kindly gifted me Cinderella is Dead by Kaelin Bayrun. I know this is about... There's this bull where girls have one chance to be chosen by a man. Or are they killed if they're not? I don't really know. I don't know. But I heard a lot of good things about this last year. When it first came out, a lot of people were reading it. I think it would be like a nice, easy YA read. I've heard it's quite heavy on the romance though, which a lot of people didn't expect. Then my Aunt very kindly sent me the Gilded Ones by Namina Forna. This is such a beautiful cover and the sprayed edges. It's just like so gorgeous. This one is also signed. On the back it says are we girls or are we demons? Are we going to die or are we going to survive? In this bold and immersive fantasy, a young heroine fights to save a world that would dare tame her and discover she is her own fiercest weapon. So I've heard this compared to things like Children of Blood and Bone, but the cover just like screams to me. Like this is one of the most gorgeous covers of this year. Let me know if you've read this and what you thought about it. Cause I actually haven't heard a ton of reviews. So let me know if you've read this. Then I recently put on Instagram about how I'm sad. I'm ready to go home, Babs. I'm knackered. It's been a hard couple of weeks. I've really struggled with uni and just balancing everything and like being happy. And some of you are very kindly sent me some books which you by no means needed to do, but it's so incredibly, incredibly kind of you. So Lauren sent me two books, which is super kind. Firstly, she sent me Tyler Johnson was here by Jay Coles and we'll talk about these both actually in tandem. She sent me Tiny Pretty Things by Sonia Cherry-Prottra and Danielle Clayton. These are both authors that I read in Black Enough recently, which is a short story anthology. And they were my like authors are some of my favorite short stories. So I put like I chose a book to put on my wishlist of each of the authors I really liked in that anthology. So this is about a boy whose twin brother is shot and killed by a police officer. And I think it's very much around trying to get justice for what has happened to his brother and about like race in America and the relationships with police and young black boys in America. So it's got a gorgeous cover. And I think the, like the inside of it is going to be very hard-hitting but also like a very necessary read. And then this is about, I think like Palais I just wasn't expecting that. I can't say I've ever read a book about Palais but I'm going to try. I really loved Danielle Clayton's short story and I think it's quite an older book, isn't it? Like I think it's like 2014, 2015. So it's a bit of an older book. So I'm interested to see like how it's aged because I think YA of that era was like particular. Do you know what I mean? But I really loved Danielle Clayton's writing so, so much. So I'm really excited to give it a go. Then Rachel sent me two books which is so kind. First she sent me a Good Girls Guide to Murder by Holly Jackson, which I'm actually so excited for. I've recently been reading, I've read the Trudivius murder mystery series but this is another YA murder mystery series which I've had some really good things about. And one thing I didn't realize was that some of it is multimedia. So we've got like production logs, interviews, web chats, emails, which I didn't know. So I'm so excited for that. I know this about a girl who's like doing, I think she's kind of doing her EPQ which is like when you're in sixth form it's like this project you can do. I think that's what it is. And she wants to do it about this girl that was murdered in her hometown and someone was sentenced but I don't think she thinks that was who actually committed the murder. So it's about trying to uncover that. So this is like one I kind of wanna read right now. Like you know when you receive a book and you're like, maybe that's the vibe right now. And Rachel also got me Moxie which I've heard so many good things about. The Netflix film for this has just come out and it's like basically about this girl who's fed up with all the sexism in her school and in her life that she has to pop with like as a young girl and her mom led kind of like this like really like she was a very punk rock feminist which is younger. And so it inspires the girl to start up a like a newsletter or magazine called Moxie in her school all about feminism and about like women's rights and stuff. And I have just heard such good things about this. I've heard that it's like surprisingly good. Like it's surprising me just so like interesting and fun and like just a great read. So I'm so again, this is one I'm super excited to get to soon. And I really wanna watch the Netflix film. Hopefully I'll get to it soon so I can watch it. And then lastly, Tony very kindly sent me the black flamingos and thank you so much Tony. This I know is about a like a drag queen and it's told in verse and I've just heard it's really impactful. I really love stuff Tony told in verse but the only thing I've ever really read is stuff from Elizabeth Acevedo. So I'm really excited to try more stuff out. I think it's just about being free and expressing yourself and having fun. And I've just had a lot of good things. So I'm so excited to read it and it's great to me right now in a reading slump. I mean, listen, I'm in a reading slump and I'm having to read this. Why bring it up now? Why bring it up? But if I wasn't, this would be great for me right now. So maybe if you're in a reading slump too, this could be something great to pick up because it is told in verse. So there we have it. That is all of the books that I have got my hands on recently. I feel so lucky that I have been sent books by you guys, by publishers, received them in book boxes. Like it's pretty crazy. So thank you so much for all your support on my channel. I'm so excited for what the rest of this year is gonna hold for this channel. If you've gotten to the end, comment the Flamingo emoji. That seems pretty fitting. So comment the Flamingo emoji if you've gotten to the end. Let me know if you've read any of these books and which ones you would recommend. And I will see you very soon in another video. Bye.


you know while some people say they want the best for you it doesn't mean they have any idea what the best for you is and i think because we often respect and love and appreciate people in our lives that say that to us we are unaware that their advice into our lives is riddled with their own faulty beliefs fears negativity and worldview so don't surrender your life to someone else's beliefs just because you love and respect them i know they want what's best for you but the question is do they even have any idea what is best for you well that helps cheers


I'd like to express my sincere gratitude to Ashish Marita on behalf of the government of Nepal. The initiative that you have taken at this moment of grief for the Nabilis people is very much appreciated. I'd like to especially thank ITU as an institution because I'm pretty sure this helping hand that you have extended to Nepal is going to be of great use especially due to the rough terrain that we have. I'm sure the security forces who have been involved in rescuing people from remote areas during their operation, research and rescue, this satellite phone and other gadgets have been of great use especially in communicating with various agencies. Once again I'd like to thank you, thank you for the, and I'd like to thank ITU Zendibar, Mr. Director, Mr. Sanum for his personal initiative in this regard. Thank you very much once again. We appreciate your helping hand and if need be we may come to you for further assistance. Thank you very much.


लंप्शाम तैकश नागर हम आज्गें करेई के, हमारा जो प्रडुचर है देओड प्रडुचर एज आप्टेँग आदर निपर्फ्ट्टीख नागर और अगर में यहांपे एक इजमपल लेलूँँ अभाउट आं मिल्क पौशेसर, मेरी आजम्ष्शन क्या आई, that milk processor is operating under imperfectly competitive market. चल में अपको मजीद आब कहलें एक extreme situation में लेजाते हूतों के that milk processor is operating under monopoly. जब अब monopoly में अपरेट करेगा, to case profit can be reduced by imposing lump sum taxes. आम्सम तेख्सें, वो आम्सम तेख्सें किस फाँ में हो सकतें, किट माईद भी पोस्सिबल के, to carry out the activity of the milk processing, it requires a license fee. जब यह लेसन्स पी रेकवर होगी तो क्या होगा, because of that fixed tax, it results in increase in average total cost of the monopolist. अप्टवर लेक्व्म, क्योगा आप के पास्स लेसन्स पी अगर देश अख्छ्छ्छ्छित्ट, so it has no impact on the marginal cost part of the monopolist. वग्जाerem framework of Pattachartyarya वेखच मेंर्नॉप्ली बोचन्तबने रंजकर Planning बोचन्तबने जै मीविप्हाद ढ़ी च சकलाईगokuj of the output that monopolist should produce. And this QM level of output against monopolist will charge a price that is noted with PM. And here the cost to produce QM level of output, that QM level is average cost curve AC1 intersects with point C. So, average cost to produce QM level of output is equal to A. OA denotes the average cost to produce QM level of output per unit cost to produce QM level of output. And the profit here is that the rectangle that I have, PM BCA denotes the profit of the firm that operates under monopoly. But if the government imposes lump sum tax here on the monopolist, then it will shift the average cost curve upward. AC1 and AC2 are moved because of the imposition of lump sum tax. And because of this imposition of lump sum tax per unit cost, now this output level QM, 8 intersect average cost curve 2 at point T. Per unit cost here is to produce QM level of output. After imposition of lump sum tax, per unit cost to produce output is equal to OE. In new market situation, profit margins of monopolist, PM BTE denotes. And by looking at the profit margin, we have observed that because of imposition of lump sum tax, there is decrease in the profits of the monopolist. There is no change in the optimal level of the output that is produced by the monopolist. But where is the change? There is only decrease in the profit that is earned by the monopolist. Now if I summarize all this, what is the impact of lump sum tax on monopoly? When a producer acts as a monopoly, imposition of lump sum tax results in increase in its average cost. When there is increase in average cost, difference between price and average cost decreases. Or here to difference between price and average cost, this difference denotes profit. When this difference decreases, it indicates there is decrease in profit. So impact of lump sum tax on the monopoly results in increase in average cost, decrease in profits.