Welcome to today's recording on all things rental bond, covering off from lodgment to refunds and everything in between. My name is Lynn Smith from the RTA's communication and education team and today I'm also joined by Sarah Halligan from our customer experience team. Thanks for joining me today Sarah. Thanks for having me, Lynn. Okay I'm just going to share my screen. I think it's a great opportunity to refresh people's knowledge, learn something new and also get some really important tips on this particular topic. Today we want to cover what does a bond cycle look like, what is QGARV and web services, bond lodgement options and how to top up a bond balance. During a tenancy there may be changes with bond contributors or the agent or the owner may change. Also spend a little bit of time on the bond refund process, quickly touch on the RTA e-services and also where to get more information. Note the RTA cannot provide you with legal advice and you are encouraged to seek your own independent advice to make informed decisions. At the start of a tenancy the owner or the manager may ask the tenant to pay a rental bond. It's not compulsory to pay a bond however as best business practice you'll find most agents and owners will request a bond. It needs to be lodged with the RTA and there are rules that apply with regards to the maximum amount of bond that can be charged. During the tenancy a few things may or may not occur regarding a rental bond. There could be a rent increase at some point in your tenancy requiring the bond to be increased. There could also be a change of flatmates or co-tenants and that requires a change of bond contributors. There could also be a change of the owners or the agents so if a property's been sold or there's been a change in the managing agents all these situations require the RTA to be notified to make sure that we have the bond information and that what we have is always up to date. At the end of the tenancy when handover has occurred if there's no money outstanding then the tenant is in time to receive a full bond refund. You can claim a bond refund at the RTA and we'll go through this process for you. The core business of the RTA is to administer the Residential Tensies and Rumi Accommodation Act. This also includes bond management, the receiving and refunding of a rental bond. It is a requirement under tenancy law if a bond is paid that it must be lodged with the RTA within 10 days. Penalty provisions do apply for non-lodgment or late lodgment of a rental bond. The RTA recently launched its compliance and enforcement strategy and this is available on our website. So for agents it's best practice to ensure you're lodging bonds at least on a weekly basis and not doing mid and end-of-month lodging just to make sure that you meet that 10-day timeframe. Either the managing person or the tenant can lodge the bond and this can be done through the RTA's web services online or completing a paper bond lodgment form and sending a check or money order to us. Upon request the RTA can also issue a B-pay reference for payment on the paper form. So I'm just going to hand over to you, Sarah. Thank you, Lynn. Let's look at web services, the secure online platform that makes bond transactions faster and easier for everyone. There are webinars that cover web services in-depth but those who may be new or not yet given a go, I'll just step through some of the basic information and reminders. Firstly, you will be prompted with terms and conditions. Make sure you scroll through them as you won't be able to proceed to the next steps without scrolling, then accepting. Web services provides the same function as our paper forms, so you don't need to complete both online and paper, just one or the other will work. Knowing your RTA client ID number will be important. For agents, your office will be issued one and for landlords and tenants, once you have a bond with the RTA, you will be given an RTA client ID number. Client ID numbers are separate to bond numbers. So just a quick question, Sarah. If I'm a tenant changing between properties, I'm renting from an agent, then I'm renting the next time from a landlord, do I get a new ID number? Your RTA client ID number is unique to you or your office and you will have contact information, whereas the bond number will change each new property that is rented and have the relevant tenancy information, so they are different numbers. The bond number will change, your client ID should stay the same. Great. To use the RTA web services, you must first register with QGov. QGov is the digital identification platform. Using this platform will replace the need for physical signature. You do have to verify who you are and will need to include having 100 points of Australian or state issued identification. So before you start, make sure you have your wallet or other ID ready to go. This can be common ones such as your driver's license, passport, including your citizenship or visa information, which is new or other IDs such as a Medicare card. Once you have registered with your login QGov account, you are right to go for future transactions online with the RTA. Great. Thanks, Sarah. So when you're ready to use web servers to lodge a bond, make sure you have created that QGov account and you're ready to log in. A lot of information to complete the RTA lodgement fields, you're going to find on your tenancy or rooming accommodation agreement. So have it handy as you'll need to reference it. If there are multiple tenants, you will have to have separate email addresses. Make sure these addresses are accurate and correct. Don't make it up as that could be providing the RTA with false and misleading information. Have your credit card or your debit card ready to pay. For tenants lodging their own bonds, please make sure that you use the agency name, not the individual property manager's name. Again, the details, whether it's a private landlord or a real estate agent or an onsite manager, you'll have their names or their company name on the lease. For agents, please make sure when you're completing the fields in the lodgement that you use the main email address for your agency that's registered with the RTA. At times during the tenancy, if there is a rent increase, you may need to top up the bond. Remember for agents and landlords, it must be at least 11 months since the last bond increase or the start of the tenancy. A bond top-up can also occur if a tenant is paying off their bond and instalments. Each time an instalment is received, it needs to be lodged with the RTA within the 10-day timeframe. There is a slight exception for instalments for rooming accommodation and that's outlined in the Act under Section 118. You can use web services or the paper form to top up. Just make sure you have the bond number from the original lodgement before you start this process. So let's have a quick look at the paper of lodgement and top-up form. It's a Form 2 bond lodgement. Only tenants who are bond contributors need to be listed. If they are on the lease but didn't pay towards the bond, then you don't need to put their name on the bond lodgement. Agents and owners should check in with the tenants who has paid and what portion and not make any assumptions. Make sure all the fields are completed, don't skip any and make sure it's all signed. If you are posting in a single or multiple lodgements, please make sure your check or money order adds up to the bonds that have been lodged. So Sarah, one of the questions we are often asked, what do you do if you can't get a signature? So this might be the Agents completed the lodgement form but they can't get the tenants to sign. That's okay. Still please lodge the bond because that 10-day timeframe still applies. You can submit that either online or by the paper form without the signatures and either a signed form can be provided at a later date or the tenants can verify their information online. Great. So let's just have a look at the change of contributors. That can be done through web services or by paper form. This process is used when a tenant or a flatmate is moving out and will transfer their portion of the bond to the new person moving in or to the remaining tenants in the rental property. At the point of the agreement, the tenant moving out needs to ensure that they receive their portion directly from the new person or from those remaining behind. Any of the current contributors can submit a request to the RTA. The RTA notifies the property manager or the owner of any changes in contributors and please note any changes to a tenancy agreement or rooming requires the approval of the agent or the owner. While the majority of situations will see a tenant named on a lease is also the same as who are the bond contributors, there are situations where this is not the case. You might have two people named on the lease but only one person paid the bond or it could be that a family member has paid that bond on behalf of the tenant. Remember, the RTA is looking at who are the contributors, not necessarily the names on the tenancy agreement. So over to you, Sarah. Just stop and just let's have a bit of a chat. What are the issues that we see in this area amongst flatmates changing over? What happens with the bond? Well, you're changing the contributors on a bond, which means the RTA essentially releasing no funds. So you need to sort the funds amongst yourself. So before you sign the form, make sure you've been paid out. And if you have been paid out, make sure you sign the form or agree digitally through web services and it makes it makes its way to the RTA. Do this as soon as possible. Common housemates are often go back overseas or they move on into state and it can be really difficult to try and get a hold of them a second time to fill out any relevant paperwork. And two, Sarah, what happens if someone changes their name? Say due to a marriage or divorce? We don't use the form six, the change of contributors for that, do we? No, we don't. Change of names happen quite often and that's absolutely fine. It's not by using the change of contributors form that you would notify the RTA, but as simple as emailing the RTA to inform yourself the name change, first name, last name, both names, that's fine. And providing that supporting documentation and that could be your driver's license, marriage certificate, applicable name change certificate, any of those accompanying that email and the RTA can make that change. Right. Also known to we have a separate process for bond transfer. Now, I know that it's not as common, but can you please expand on how we would actually accept a bond transfer? Yeah, so bond transfer is for when the address changes only. So everything else is the same, the tenants, the managing party, it's just a change of premises address form three is needed. However, no, it's for only the address. So like the form six, the change of bond contributors just for the names of the bond, the form three change of premises address is just for the address. Right. Okay, let's go back to the presentation. Over to you, Sarah. Here we have so during a tenancy a property could be sold and the management of the tenancy transfers to a new owner or agent, or it could be that the rent roll for a real estate agency or on site management has been sold and requires all bonds to be transferred to the new agency. It's important that if this occurs, the RTA is notified as soon as possible to avoid issues down the track, particularly when a refund is required. These process could be occurring side by side. So make sure that the change of property manager own form is completed at the time of the transfer and not later. A previous owner or real estate agency may be harder to locate after a period of time. If the previous agent or owner is unable to sign supporting documentation such as new management agreement, rate to notice for the owner, and any other evidence to prove ownership or management of the property can be provided to the RTA. And Sarah, from time to time, we do see rent rolls in real estate offices transferred or sold to another office. So what's the best way to manage that transfer when it's quite a large amount of properties that's got bonds with the RTA? Yeah, you only need one change of property manager form for this one. At the very top of the form, you can see that there's the option to select all or partial transfer and then attach a list of bonds with their associated addresses so that we can correctly match. Just those two instead of potentially hundreds of form fives need to be submitted. So just the one single form, attach the bond list with it and we can process that. Okay, let's start on the bond refunds. At the end of the tenancy, notice must be given to end the tenancy and that can be done by either the tenant or the managing party being the landlord or the property manager. But we do recommend all tenants and property managers or owners talk about how the refund is going to be done before they submit a claim. And a greed refund is the quickest way for the bond to be paid out. If there are multiple tenants listed on the bond then all of them are going to need to agree. Either the tenant or the owner or manager can submit a bond request to the RTA and whether that's by the web services or by paper form. So once the handover or vacate date has occurred then the claim can be submitted to the RTA. It can't be before this date and you cannot use a future date. There is past webinars available on our website. One of them is also a guide for tenants in the vacating process with some helpful tips and a timeline guide to help you with the moving process. For owners and managers, if you are claiming all or a portion of the bond please provide the reasons and the claim amounts for each item. Remember do not claim a whole bond if you're not entitled to claim that amount. Only claim what you are entitled to claim. For both tenants and owners and managers start having those conversations in the lead-up to the vacating date just to make sure everyone knows what's going to occur with the vacate inspection and the bond refund. Refunds on bonds will go into Australian bank accounts. It is an offence under Queensland law to knowingly submit false or misleading details on a refund form if you are committing an offence and action can be taken. So please be aware of this in relation to completing any form with the RTA that is done truthfully. An agreed refund is where both the tenant or all the tenants in the managing party agree on how the bond is going to be paid out whether it's a full refund to the tenant or a partial refund. It's usually paid out within 48 hours. If it's not an agreed refund meaning one person whether it's a tenant or the property manager or the owner has not agreed they will start they will have the opportunity to dispute that claim. Sarah is going to go through the process now so over to you Sarah. Thank you. So here we have the web services fast track agreed and not agreed. The RTA receives a bond refund request through the RTA web services and the first step is that we'll enter into the fast track phase. Fast track means that the other parties listed on the bond will have 48 hours to respond and agrees that the bond can be refunded. This is the quickest way. Once everyone agrees that the bond is to be paid out agreement can be submitted at any time and does not require any RTA officer to process. So this can be done on the weekend after and before hours too. Or again we receive a bond refund request it if it's not agreed within the fast track period it will start a notice a claim process which may potentially lead into dispute process and possibly QCAT if it is still not resolved. I will go through the notice a claim process next in more detail. As you can see on both of these diagrams there are steps that will apply along the way and each with a timeframe that needs to be met. The notice a claim process is set out in the legislation. The other party has 14 clear days to respond to the claim and their options will be don't reply to the notice the bond will be paid out after the 14 clear day notice period expires. They accept the claim sign or digitally agree and the bond will be paid out. If they disagree they need to complete a dispute resolution request form either through web services or by paper form and submit to the RTA before the timeframe expires. The bond is then held at the RTA and not paid out until there is an outcome whether this is through an agreement and conciliation or if the matter proceeds to QCAT or order from an adjudicator. If you do do a paper form you can email this through to bonds at rta.qld.gov.au or if you post it in please make sure you allow posters time to ensure we then receive it in time. Once the RTA receives the dispute request it will then go to our free dispute resolution services where a conciliator will be in contact with all parties. Right so Sarah can use both parties still talk to each other can't they even if it does go through to dispute into that dispute process. Oh absolutely there's nothing that should be stopping the parties talking to each other the dispute process should not be discouraging them they should be discussing the bond claim details with each other directly you don't need to wait to talk to a conciliator especially if something as simple as just waiting for that final water meter reading for example. Yeah so get in early still continue to talk it doesn't matter even if it's through the dispute process. Absolutely and there is more information on the process and it could be found on the RTA's website along with past webinars on this topic as well. So with any paper form you submit to the RTA it's really important that you complete the form in full don't miss out anything please use a black or a blue ink and write clearly because we need to make sure that we can read and understand it at our end. Double check numbers and spelling we want to make sure it's correct if there's multiple tenants on the bond lodgement or the bond refund getting a refund then make sure the amounts tally up to that total lodged. For tenants never sign a blank form make sure all the fields are completed and you agree with how the bond is going to be refunded double check any bank account numbers to make sure that they're correct. So Sarah are there any other issues that we see that would actually help clients with their paper forms? Yeah so these forms they are being posted and manually processed so they do take longer so factor in the time before expecting the refunds if you are going to be posting it through consider how long it may take to actually get to the RTA first and please if you have made any changes and used whiteout consider the readability of the form if it's unclear and intent is an obvious any changes need to be signed by everyone so it may be easier just to start a new form we don't want to be guessing who gets how much and underpay anyone. Right so the COVID-19 regulations extended until September 2021 if a tenant is experiencing domestic and family violence they can end their interest in the tenancy and give seven days notice to their landlord or agent and leave they can however leave immediately and there is an RTA webinar on the COVID-19 regulations and the process to follow that they can also complete a refund form and submit that to the RTA to request their portion of the bond if they have contributed to one they will need to supply a copy of the notice that they did send to their landlord or agent along with the required supporting documentation and then the RTA will refund their contribution we suggest tenants who are in this situation read the information that's available on the website and also if you do require further assistance please contact our RTA call centre. These services is a secure online bond management facility you'll find a lot of real set agents property managers or owners who manage large portfolio of tenancies will use this service agents are able to do 100 refunds to tenants through these services but please double check the accuracy of tenants bank account details agents can also search for bond number held under their agency and they also have the opportunity to review all the bonds that is held at the RTA under their agency name so this is good for licences and ordered opportunities to ensure all the bonds that are managed by their agency are held at the RTA so before we keep going Sarah we have covered a lot in the various bond processes are there any other tips or information that you can share with our clients today regarding all things bonds certainly for tenants keep your information up to date not just for the refund process because of course you can have a change of contributor at any time you can update your information with the RTA and you can contact us you can do it online you can also email us and you mentioned before like with any changes to a form you know if you're using wide out or everything like that you actually do need to have initials and signing off on any amendments you do and it's worth double checking again having a look at that form if it's all sort of squeezed in it's it could really affect the readability of it so consider it just might be easier to start a new form because you need everyone to sign it again anyway you're going to be contacting them get that new form submit it to the RTA double check submit it get it into us on a timely matter and it'll just make it all the easier for processing for that quicker refund and I mentioned sorry I mentioned before about we refund to Australian bank accounts and what would be your tip like leave the bank account open if you're heading overseas or how would that work if you're heading overseas I do recommend leave that bank account open just a little bit longer alternatively if you've got a friend or family member who's still here you could always nominate their account you do need to sign in order to nominate another person to receive your fund on your behalf and I think too with any of those changes during the tenancy to make sure that we receive that information when it actually happens I know that we've seen a lot of people over the time that they changed shared tenancy arrangements like six months ago but they've got to do all the forms and the next thing the people that we have listed it's the bond have well and truly long gone that's right and it's it could be really hard to find them right I do recommend as well when it does come to the refund as well talk to each other if it's possible aim to submit only ever one form to the RTA for the refund and ideally that would be in agreed form it just makes it sweet and simple gets it sorted sooner rather than later if not get those lines of communication going and talk to each other about any plans that might be made against the bond right okay just go back to the presentation to help you in knowing how to use web services we have a lot of education and information available by way of webinars how to videos frequently asked questions and step-by-step instructions so if you're unable to use web services you can always download and print a form from our website or if you're unable to print please give us a call at the RTA's call centre and we can post you out of form you can connect with the RTA by subscribing to the RTA news for regular updates on current topics if you are currently subscribed you may have been recently asked to re-subscribe to confirm your subscription and I encourage you to do so that way then you'll continue to receive the RTA news emails you can also follow us on LinkedIn the RTA produces various educational resources and that includes webinars on Tennessee legislation and key topics as well as our Talking Tennessee podcast you can subscribe for these resources and access both of these through the RTA's website or for podcasts through your preferred app whether that's Spotify, Apple or Google podcasts the RTA's website has a lot of information resources forms back sheets publications and all the educational resources and that's available at rta.qld.gov.au remember you can access the RTA's website and our RTA web services 24 hours a day seven days a week or find our friendly contact centre staff on 1300 3 6 3 1 Monday to Friday 8 30 a.m to 5 p.m excluding the public holidays so thanks so much for joining in with me today and sharing your knowledge on today's topic it's been a pleasure thank you


What's up everybody, it's Brandman Sean and this video is brought to you by brandmannetwork.com because I signed myself. Now this video is a second part of an interview series that in the first two I'm covering Kanye West and these breakdowns are about how you be effective in an interview. The first one Kanye West wasn't really doing too well. Dapper Dan was having the same message and was received far better, but there's been a year's difference between that Kanye back then and what Kanye is doing now. He's made a lot of improvements in this series. I want to talk about how he's made improvements and what he's doing that actually is creating a climate where his message is being received far better than before. Again, I can't use interview snippets because people get all wild with YouTube and the copyrights. However, I will be reading quotes. I think it'll be extremely helpful and then we have some other key insights from how Kanye packages himself and presents himself at the very end. So let's hop into it. All right, so let's start with this quote. Kanye said, I've been canceled. I've been canceled before they had canceled culture. I was canceled before they had the term. And then big boy responds, do you care about any of that? And then Kanye then emphatically says, I do. I care about everything. Now, when Kanye is so many ways have depicted himself as in a sense of I'm a superhero, I don't really care. Nothing bothers me. And then you see this contrast is actually a lot more powerful to show that you have passion and you do care, particularly how he presents his goals. It's far more in alignment to say that you have this vulnerability and you care about everything so much, which now justifies why you act, how you act. So that's one thing that helps. But then on the second level of vulnerability that really helps him have power in terms of how these interviews are perceived versus other ones is the fact that he said things like, I mean, just some people in all white, all the time was kind of cultish, admitting that he was doing some things and understanding, right? How people perceive things.  As a leader that also creates an environment of transparency, right? It earns respect because vulnerability strengthens the team and it strengthens just the entire outlook of how people build trust with you as a culture. When they know that you don't think you're as perfect, people who also have some level of self-esteem will now intellectually be able to accept you a little bit more. When you seem and present yourself as completely perfect, the only people that will follow you heavily will be the people who have so much insecurity that they're looking for this pervert who's perfect. And that's when we get into the cult mode, right? We're getting into the mode of we're following this icon, this iconoclast, this figure because they feel a void and they're higher than me. Kanye has had that trouble because so many times he's kind of positioned and presented himself as that now when you present an argument this way, not saying that everybody now agrees with him, statements like that and emitting your fault now positions people to one, care, to feel like he might not be completely delusional. So maybe I can listen to him. And then another thing that he said was he was lost, right? He tried to hold everything in his own brain and these type of statements also once again, of course, presents vulnerability, but it also positions him for a comeback or positions him to be able to climb a mountain. He's on a new journey, which starts him over fresh versus once again how he's presented himself beforehand. Now the second thing is huge and we don't see it as much as we would think with Kanye. And that is the power of we, right? Kanye said we went from one to four to one to three, but we always point in that the white people, but we spend all of our money on forms. We want to spend all of our money on luxury instead of buying some land America is for sale. Now, of course, this particular statement might create a lot of feelings one way or another, but that's not what this particular breakdown is about. Just look at how many times he said we, right? Where so many times Kanye has just said I and we can look at this again when we check out another one of his statements. He starts off by saying, this is one of my main things. It's like, what is the culture? It's like, man, this ain't for the culture. We doing something for the culture. We orphans, bro. We are cultureless. We don't have our own culture. We signed through culture vultures. We sign our lives away. Our contracts are culture vultures. Now again, he says we several times in this particular statement and typically so many things that Kanye says is a lot more eye oriented. Eye, eye, eye, eye, eye. And if you don't understand the difference in power of saying we versus eye, particularly when you're in a leadership standpoint and trying to run a movement, then you can check out this article, which I'll also put in the description that can be found in the Harvard Business Review. It's titled, if you want to be the boss, say we, not I. That alone gives you an idea of the power versus one and the other. And in reading through that article, you'll find two key frameworks. They're saying there's a such thing as others oriented. And then there's also a thing called self oriented. Here's a quote referring to some of the results from the article. The study's results imply that higher status individuals do demonstrate and others orientation significantly more than lower status individuals. Now, what that's alluding to is again saying higher status individuals, whether that's in a corporation you're higher up, or whatever type of movement, whatever the architecture is in the authoritative ladder is, the people that are higher up tend to use we more than I. And some inferences that can be made from that is, one, when you say we and be more focused on others, you serve others, and then that puts you in a position to be higher up. And also just the idea of people who are trapped in a lower status are still more focused on survival. Those are just some of the potential inferences. But again, this all leads back to kind of using language. That's a lot more refined than he was in that original media run back when he was saying, you ain't got the answer, Sway, and I'm this, I'm that. He still has that sprinkle in, but he's getting better at delivering his message, which to some people obviously can be dangerous. Another thing that Kanye is doing is being a lot more open to perspective. Right, he said, I can't tell you how to feel, but I can tell y'all how I feel. Right, saying something like that is, look, I'm not the person who's in charge of all this. And usually it's a language where it's like, yo, you gotta follow me. I'm the right one, I'm the right one. Now he's acknowledging that there's other valid perspectives other than his. And he's open for discourse, but he's really trying to push the message and make sure the world knows how he feels. That's far more credible from a standpoint of touching the intellectuals or people who are thinking and not just blindly following him than he was before. Another quote that he had was him saying that when he was around some white people, they essentially said, I didn't think you liked Trump because of the racism. And now his response was that, so you mean to tell me that I would make every decision based off my color? The most racist thing someone can tell me is that I'm supposed to choose something because of my color. Whether you agree with that statement or not, he's again setting the ground for different opinions and different ways of thinking in a far more credible way. Cuz he then goes on to say, let's agree to disagree, which is something you really hadn't heard Kanye say on a platform before, right? And the last thing but not the least is simply vision. And when you couple vision with the other elements that we've already discussed in this particular video, your message starts to become far more impactful. But I'd like to end with some of the things that I observed from Kanye just running through this particular video and doing some research. It seems that Kanye is truly a beacon for a lot of the millennial narratives, which is you can change the world, you can change the world. So many people have heard that, so many people are thinking that and believing that it's a message across so many different industries. Build something that'll change the world, make an impact. What impact will you individually make versus necessarily being on a team?  But the point is that this is definitely a common narrative that you're hearing a lot over the last decade, honestly. And Kanye, where you can even look at this and think of it more, is it's interesting because a lot of the dynamic that he has and a lot of the conflict that comes from it is because he's always coupling this we and this self-serving nature, right? This or others oriented and this self-oriented. And what I mean by that is, yes, even if he says I want to do all of these things to change the world, I want to help so many people. I want to do all this great stuff. His intention often comes in question because of how he presents it, right? He does still use a lot of eye-oriented language. And he does oftentimes talk about his position and how great he is. And even if you look at the way he's approached industry, saying things like there's already a greatest of all time in hip hop. There's already a greatest of all time in basketball. Michael Jordan and greatest of all time in pop music. Michael Jackson, right? It looks like he analyzes these particular categories and says that he wants to be the greatest of all time of something and recognize for that. And seeing that there's already that in certain places means that he's not going to pursue that because he recognizes that you can't overcome it based on the already established brand awareness that's been created for those figures. And when you think about it like that, it's more so a question of, do you want world impact for the sake of world impact and really changing the world? Or do you want to make that world impact because of what it would do for you? Right? And yes, there is a perspective of saying, well, that's perfect if silvering self is actually also in line with what's best for the public. But that's one of the things that just seems to cause what he does into question. He's approached a lot of different categories. Music, fashion, Christianity, porn. He's basically talked about these different categories and he's chosen where he wants to be the greatest of all time. Once again, based on his analysis, it seems on where it's actually possible to not only be the greatest or make actual literal impact, but actually be acknowledged for it. And yes, I did say porn for those who are wondering there's a time period where he was actually trying to revolutionize porn. But I think part of that choice comes to the fact that, yo, you're not going to be acknowledged on a pop scale for your impact in porn. It's not the same thing. And then Christianity, he's already noted that you're not going to be bigger than Jesus. So yes, I have this Christianity hat that I hold, but at the same time, I can't really overcome Jesus. It's going to be hard for me to do the same thing in music. But fashion, there's open space there. I have a lot of talents, but my biggest talent, and when we speak about Kanye, is just taking something and making it pop culture and bringing it pop awareness. Again, that's one of the things that brings so much conflict, right? Because there's a difference between being the greatest and being recognized as the greatest. Yes, they can both happen, but there's so many times where it doesn't happen. Even Gary Vee has acknowledged that, saying that he wants to be recognized as not only like one of the greatest entrepreneurs, but also like the best, like nicest entrepreneur that you could be a billionaire or be super successful and not be an asshole, and he could be the one who revolutionizes that. But he's also acknowledged that there's other people who have already done that, right, their Warren Buffett is like one of the nicest guys in the world, as far as what you hear about him. And you hear that about other people, and other people have created even a lot of different entrepreneurs and impacted so many people. But Gary knows how to do it on a pop level. He said he's going to be the first rock star entrepreneur, right? There's a difference between understanding that the greatest, there's a lot of skill set, a lot of numbers, a lot of absolute reality and criteria that goes into it. However, when you talk about being recognized as the greatest, most of that is straight up popularity and public awareness. And that's the biggest difference. The last example is Tesla versus Edison, Nikola Tesla versus Thomas Edison, right? Tesla was far more prolific, great scientist. However, Thomas Edison was a far better marketer. And so you have companies like General Electric and you have the fact that, you know, he made far more money and had this more pop appeal where Tesla without companies like Tesla that Elon Musk now owns and that particular name, a lot of people wouldn't even know that name at all. But it's more so a company that was started by somebody else that got greater appeal and him being recognized further in hindsight than somebody like Thomas Edison, who's in the history books and got a lot of credibility in public awareness in his own time. That's the difference. So that's a lot in a lengthy video about Kanye, but I hope you're able to take some of those ideas and some of the things we've touched on to be able to figure out how you would like to approach interviews and actually see the evolution that he made in his interviews to hopefully be able to say, look, I have this message that I want to communicate on these interviews and I actually want to make an impact because I think a lot of people wrongly copy Kanye. A lot of artists think that that's the right way to be and they're kind of mimicking him versus being their own personality when they actually have a stronger impact. Understanding he's a unicorn and there's so many other things at work versus how he speaks. Even though how he speaks comes off as powerful when he gets attention, it's not necessarily why he's so great and why he makes the impact. As he actually evolves and refines his speech, he's positioning himself to make a greater impact. So stop looking at old Kanye and analyze where he's changed, how he's changed and why that might have happened because that's probably going to give you an idea of what actually works and what just looks good. So that's the end of this video. If you liked this video, go ahead and hit the like button. If you liked it, you might as well share it and if you're not subscribed, you know what to do. Hit that subscribe button.


Welcome back. In the last class we were looking at experiments to determine the nature of the substituent and I had introduced you to the standard reaction used by Hammett to get what is called as the substituent parameter or the substituent constant. So the standard reaction is the benzoic acid dissociation to give the benzoate ion and H3O+. Now for this reaction the effect of substituent was seen on the equilibrium constant k and the substituent parameter is given by log of kx over kh where x is the substituent on the aromatic ring. So for this reaction what was seen is this value of sigma x is greater than 0 when you have an x which stabilizes the benzoate ion. So when you have x as an electron withdrawing group such as nitro cyano it stabilizes the benzoate ion and that is why you get sigma x greater than 0. If you have electron releasing groups such as OME ME it destabilizes this and that is why the value of kx is less than kh which means sigma x is negative or less than 0 and what we had seen is the effect at para position is more than meta position in cases where you have more of a resonance effect whereas where you have an inductive effect you would see that the effect at meta position is higher but in most cases we had seen that there was a combination of resonance and inductive effect. So now the question is we have the standard reaction which is benzoic acid dissociation or deprotonation. How do we use this to understand reaction mechanisms? So for this Hammett came up with what is called as the Hammett equation. So in the Hammett equation for a given reaction so now remember we are not talking about benzoic acid dissociation anymore. So imagine any reaction you are taking you have A going to B and let us say it goes with a k observed of kx. You can also have a process under equilibrium where you have A in equilibrium with B and the equilibrium constant given by kx. Essentially what the Hammett equation says is that the log of kx over kh for this equation A going to B is equal to rho times sigma x. So we already saw in the last class what sigma x is that is your substituent constant. Rho is now a new proportionality constant called as reaction parameter or reaction constant and that is specific to the reaction that you are studying that is A going to B. Similarly for this reaction A and B in equilibrium the log of kx over kh is equal to rho sigma x. So here you are talking about the ratio of equilibrium constants. So to give you a little bit more idea about this. So essentially what this means is if you have a reaction so here again you would be varying the substituents at the aromatic ring of your reaction. So log of k of your substituent over hydrogen would be given by rho times log of the equilibrium constant kx over kh. So log of kx over kh and this is of benzoic acid. So this is the sigma value or the standard value. So whenever you study a reaction you would need to determine the rate of the reaction by varying different substituents. So that is your numerator where x is equal to substituent just like that for sigma. So log of kx over kh would be given would be directly proportional to sigma. Now this is called a linear free energy relationship. So can you say why this is called a linear free energy relationship? Linear you can understand we are talking about a direct proportionality. But now what you need to think of is how do you equate the free energy with the rate constants or the equilibrium constants. So I will give you a minute to think about it. If you want you can press the pause button on the video and think about it. So why LFER or linear free energy relationship? So let us look at the case where you have log kx over kh is equal to rho sigma x which is your Hammett equation. So what that means is as I said earlier log of kx over kh for the reaction is equal to rho log of kx over kh benzoic acid. Correct? So now you know delta G is equal to that is so log k would be minus delta G by 2.303 RT. So with this in mind we can substitute here. So essentially what this makes this equation becomes is log of kx for your reaction minus log of kh for your reaction is equal to rho of again log of kx for benzoic acid minus log of kh for benzoic acid and this is for the reaction. So now we can go ahead and write this in terms of delta G. So this would be minus delta Gx plus delta GH by 2.303 RT. So it would be equal to rho of again minus so this will go. So essentially what you would get is so this is for your reaction would be equal to minus rho for benzoic acid. So essentially what that means is the delta delta G for a particular substituent for your reaction would be equal to rho of. So essentially the free energy of your reaction is directly proportional to benzoic acid which is why it is called a linear free energy relationship. Now if you were to think of it in terms of rate constant you can also think of the rate constant where instead of delta G you will essentially have delta G of your transition state. So delta G double dagger would be given by minus RT ln small k. So even when you are looking at rate constants you can still get this linear free energy relationship. So now mathematically we have written what this means but what this tells you is that whatever reaction you take you are talking about a linear correlation with benzoic acid when you vary the substituent. So what does this mean? Let us try to understand a little more. Shown here is one of the earlier examples shown by Hammett. So this is for the reaction of ester hydrolysis in the presence of base. So this is the reaction for ester hydrolysis in the presence of base. So on your y-axis you are looking at log of kx over kh for ester hydrolysis and again what was done was you put substituents here and you vary it from electron releasing, electron withdrawing to see how it has an effect on this rate constant which is small k. So for every substituent you will have a rate kx. So on your y-axis you have the log of kx over kh for the different substituents and the substituents studied were NH2, NO2, OME, Cl and Me as shown on your screen. Now on the x-axis what you have is sigma. So that means the substituent constant which you get from benzoic acid. As I told you this value you need not experimentally determine because it has already been done and you have these values that can be picked out from any textbook which has the table on your substituent constants or the sigma value. So now if you were to think I am not showing you which of these corresponds to which substituent because I would like you to think about it. Match the substituents given here with the five points that is shown on the screen. One clue I can give you is the x-axis corresponds to the substituent constant. So now you have a value of 00 corresponds to hydrogen. So you can take some time to solve this, pause the video and match these substituents with the points on the graph. So now if you look at the substituents based on the x-axis the most electron withdrawing substituent would stabilize the benzoate ion more. So most electron withdrawing here is your NO2 group and most electron releasing substituent which is your amine will actually destabilize your benzoate ion. So that would be the most negative. So this would correspond to the most electron releasing and this would correspond to the most electron withdrawing substituent. So now that you have this hint can you now try to fill out the values for the electron releasing and electron withdrawing substituents. So what you would see is you have NO2 which is most electron withdrawing then you have CL followed by ME, OME and then NH2. So you can understand this looking at the x-axis which is your substituent constant. Now what this tells you is that let us now focus on the y-axis even for this particular reaction which is the ester hydrolysis what you see is when you have electron withdrawing substituents the K value your y-axis is higher than what you have for hydrogen. So what you see is if you compare it with hydrogen and your NO2 group the value for nitro is greater than K H. So essentially even in your y-axis you have K X greater than K H where X is equal to NO2. So what do you see in the case of amine? In the case of amine what you see is that now again this will be the same. Your K X is actually less than K H for NH2. So what this tells you is that electron withdrawing groups stabilize, stabilize this reaction and electron releasing groups destabilize this reaction. So now let us try to look at the mechanism for this reaction. So if you think of the mechanism a plausible mechanism could be. Now if you generate an intermediate like this which is negatively charged so this is similar to the case of your benzoic acid dissociation. So which is why the effect that you see is also similar where you have electron withdrawing groups actually stabilizing this and electron releasing groups destabilizing this. So in this case what you see is you see rho which is the slope of this is positive. So rho is positive because just imagine as I said these two points you can imagine the amine and the nitro. What happens is if you think of this as a weighing scale 0 0 is where you have hydrogen. So let us imagine 0 0 is where you have hydrogen. So I will try to show this from your perspective. So if this is the graph this is hydrogen on the right you have electron withdrawing groups on the left you have electron releasing groups. So what happens is in the case of electron withdrawing groups if the rate is increased you have a slope which goes up like this. So what will happen is the slope would be positive similar to that for because the effect is similar to what is seen for benzoic acid. So now it is very useful for us because the slope of the plot which is rho gives you lot of information about the nature of the intermediate. So now let us see what information we can get from these slopes. So here you are seeing two different slopes one is larger and one is smaller. So this corresponds to rho 1 and this corresponds to rho 2 and what we see here is that rho 1 is greater than rho 2. So what that means is on your x-axis as I told you anything greater than 0 corresponds to electron withdrawing groups and less than 0 corresponds to electron releasing groups. So what this means is that when you have an electron withdrawing group let us say this these two points the effect that you see in the case of reaction 1 where you have rho 1 as the slope is much higher than rho 2. So in this case you can say kx is much more than kh whereas in this case what you see is kx is almost equal to or just slightly greater than kh. Now if you look at these two reactions it would make sense to you as to why this is the case. So the reaction below is so it is again the dissociation of a carboxylic acid but what you see here is the carboxylic acid is farther away from the aromatic ring as compared to benzoic acid. So what you see is that the effect is not as pronounced. The other reaction is actually dissociation of benzoic acid in ethanol. So now if I were to compare it with benzoic acid dissociation for benzoic acid dissociation so since the equation your Hammett equation is log kx over kh is equal to rho sigma since on the left also you have sigma you are talking about a slope which is 1. So what that means is that it would be slightly lower than this at an angle of 45 degrees. So it will be slightly lower than this this is for benzoic acid in water. Now the interesting question is why is the dissociation of benzoic acid in ethanol affected more by substituents as compared to benzoic acid in water. I would like you to think about this. It is a slightly challenging question so do not feel bad if you are not able to get the answer immediately but the question is when you think of dissociation of benzoic acid in ethanol why is that more affected by substituents as compared to the dissociation in water. One possible answer is that when you have water solvation plays an important role in stabilizing your benzoate ion. In the case of ethanol the extent of solvation is not much the effect by substituent is a lot more. So that is why you see that the slope and the magnitude of the slope can give you lot of information about the nature of the intermediate. So to summarize if you have a rho value which is greater than 1 which indicates the reaction is more sensitive than benzoic acid. As I told you for benzoic acid since you would have a slope of 1 because your y-axis and x-axis are both benzoic acid you will get a slope of 1 it is a direct correlation. If you have a magnitude greater than 1 so here I have shown you an example where it is just slightly greater than 1 so slightly greater than benzoic acid. So if you have a slope which is slightly greater than 1 or much greater than 1 it will tell you the reaction is more sensitive than benzoic acid and depending on how large the magnitude is you can say how much more sensitive it is as compared to benzoic acid. The other thing is if you have a slope between 0 and 1 you can say the reaction is less sensitive than benzoic acid but the fact that you have a positive slope again remember the balance thing that I told you about you have a positive slope implies that electron withdrawing groups stabilize it more than electron releasing groups. So what that indicates is that the reaction probably goes through an intermediate where you have negative charge because negative charge will be more stabilized by your electron withdrawing group. Do not use this as a blanket thing to memorize but any reaction you get you try to see how electron withdrawing and electron releasing groups will affect the intermediate. So these are the two scenarios where I showed you you can look at the value and the magnitude of rho to understand what could be the nature of the intermediate. Now if the value of rho is 0 that means whatever substituent you put it has no effect on the reaction. So it essentially tells that the reaction is not affected by any substituent. So now what about positively charged intermediates? Based on the Hammett equation you have log of kx over kh given by rho into sigma. So what I would like you to do is I would like you to think about this where if you have a reaction like this so you have a displacement here the Cl is being displaced by OH. So what I want you to think about is what would be the sign of rho for this reaction? What will this reaction look like? So you can think about it and we will come back to this in the next lecture. Thank you.


I have a big problem. With all the options we have on this big green earth, I keep going to Sweet Green. Oh, at least six to eight, maybe ten times. Two to three times per month. I've never been in a Sweet Green. I go to Sweet Green about four or five times a month. They're a little bit different than everyone else. It's very trendy. You could go to chopped, just salad, or any other place that sells salad, but why do we keep going back? In the last couple years, brands that don't have a brand purpose are suffering.  Sweet Green is no different. So what does this 12 year old salad joint actually believe in? Our mission at Sweet Green is to connect people to real food. And they have. The privately held company currently valued at a billion dollars started simply. Sweet Green became Sweet Green August of 2007. We were students in college and we had the idea to create a place that was affordable, healthy, and aligned with your values. Values. If you go to Sweet Green's website, you can see the company's food ethos, which runs a gamut of transparency, sustainability, local sourcing, and animal welfare. These elements are what builds a community around values.  We spend a lot of time studying the communities that we're in before we actually open a restaurant. We spend about a year in every market talking to farmers, understanding the supply chain, and really understanding the neighborhoods that we're going into. So whether it's New York, Los Angeles, or even Texas, Sweet Green really thinks about all different types of customers, different geographies, and really is focused on making sure that we meet farmers even before we meet landlords. Sweet Green's 75-plus locations have a consistent look, with community-inspired touches thanks to a New York-based creative agency, Grand Army. I mean, it was kind of our role to connect the sort of updated Sweet Green brand identity with those values. We saw a ton of opportunities to kind of move the visual identity closer to the way that Sweet Green actually operated as a company, not just from a branding standpoint, but in all of their sort of food sourcing. Yeah, I think maybe one of the more obvious things that sort of push the identity closer to that notion would be just moving some of the colors towards some more natural tones. They had previously used a couple of, like, neon-y, highlighter green-type colors, and you push all the colors into more natural space, something that could be reproduced with more friendly inks, and also match up the kind of tones and colors in the products and the food. It's kind of nerdy colors for nerdy color names. I think the darker green is Kale, and then the lighter green is Sprout, and then I think Slate was the gray that we picked. It was just important to us that the colors sort of didn't mandate the use of any sort of chemical-based spot colors. We wanted everything to be able to be produced in soy inks, which just seemed aligned with the way that they prep their food. We also created a type system that used a lot of hand marks, which also seemed perfectly aligned with the sort of handmade nature of their food. We needed to see everything cohesively interacting, so going into the store, seeing the signage is sort of in sync with how the brand was sort of, it was growing really fast, so it had all these, like, different modes it could operate in, and different kind of legacy things were in play, and then we got to sort of help shift it towards a more cohesive, singular kind of thread. Values-inspired design and a cohesive brand purpose builds a community and keeps customers coming back.


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Another Magnus answers, the guy that wields a dog build that returns to answer your question young man. That's the Magnusite Movement Monsters 4, the one million subscribers was 127,000 strong. Oh Doug, you made me laugh when I saw this. So it says he's out of my room, my problem is I think I'm in love with a 22 year old girl. That's a woman right there. He says I'm only 14 and this sucks. I can't stop thinking about her. I can't avoid her because she will be my sophomore science teacher. And I will most likely end up in her class because I need three science credits to graduate. She is also a close family friend and is related to my best friend. I need help.  Hey brother look, what you are experiencing is just growing pains. This is just the norm of life. Do you know how many guys have had crushes on their teachers? Now I don't think I had a crush on me and my teachers because none of them was dead live. I did notice other teachers that were kind of hot that weren't my teachers, but anyway. So this is the norm and there's really nothing you can do about it. You need to find another object of your desire, okay?   She's going to jail, alright? Yeah, so you ain't gonna want that to happen.  So if I were you, like I said, leave it alone, man. Find a girl your age or in someone that's in your legal age bracket to date and to love. Because you're not in love with her, okay? Most likely you are not in love with her, okay? You are most likely an extreme puppy love. Extreme infatuation would be the proper term.  You probably think she is so hot and so nice and so pretty and so sexy and cool and this man. Look, that ain't love because you don't know her. You get what I'm saying?  Maybe you have extended conversations with her that are 15 to a half hour, maybe an hour long on a daily basis. But if you are not having that type of conversation with someone, you don't really know them and you don't really love them. Just so you know, okay? Now, understand when guys tell me, yeah, man, I'm talking to this girl, you know, she's my friend, but we talk on the phone every day. You can fall in love with a person like that. Just a girl you see from time to time that family functions.  Hey, Mrs. Hodges, how are you? You know, but you really like her because of that. Man, there was a woman that worked for, there was a substitute teacher that worked at my high school, Palmyra High School. And the guys that, if any guys that are watching this went to high school with me, they don't even know who I'm talking about. Her name was Ms. Scott. And she was this light-skinned black woman.  I'm like, no, I wasn't.  She was older, you know. She was like, in her mid to late 20s, maybe 30s when I first met her. I mean, I wasn't a guy at that age that was in the older women.  And I mean, bad. I mean, they absolutely love Ms. Scott. And then her sister started working there. Her name was Laurie Scott. And Laurie used to, I think she taught cheerleading, too. But she was substitute gym teacher, which is what Ms. Scott did. Ms. Scott did other ones. And I was, you know, Dave was in love with both of them. But to me, see, I matured slowly as a kid. I did.  Me, I only like girls my age. That was me. I don't like girls my age, you know. So they didn't do anything for me. I just saw them as older women. I saw them as my teachers, which you apparently do not. Woo! So I'm sorry you're going through this, man. But you need to, you need to find a girl.  But hey, if you need to get it out of your system, talk to her more when you see her family functions, you know. You know, if she, you know, it could crush you too, but it might bring you into reality.  She may be hard for you to talk to. And then you'll be like, oh man. But then you'll realize, look, you're out of your damn range, man. She don't, you know. So, but you don't seem like a psycho. You're not chasing her around. You just have this infatuation. It's bothering you because you keep thinking about her. And I get it. So like I said, find another object of desire and this will soon fade away.  All of a sudden they think about the other one no more? Exactly. Okay. And best thing is define yourself a new object of desire. All right. Magnetize that is it. If you need to write me at the about section, send message. Okay. Do not write me at my business inquiry because I don't answer them anyway. Okay. Make sure you go to my Facebook fan page to write me also if the send message button does not appear on your YouTube. Alrighty. Why subscribers? Woo.