तो dividend income component and price change component to gather तो make up the total return which you are going to get. तो in order to understand the mathematics involved, तो there is an example, जिस में हम फोमलार दिसकास करेगे, के हम rate of return को क्या से करते है? तो basically आप जेसे में यब यह आप को बहुला, that return is a combination of two factors. One is the dividend income and the other is the change in the market price. तो इन दोनो को आप नी कनसीटर करना होता है, rate of return को क्याल्कलेट करने के लिए. तो when we look at the formula, we see that the rate of return is equivalent to the cash dividend divided by the beginning price यह initial price यह जिस प्राइस क्यो पर आपने अपने कोई भी शेर को परचेस करा था, और उस में आद करेंगी है, ending price of a share minus the beginning price divided by the beginning price के कोंपनेट को. तो जो first section है, आप को देखनी को मिल रहा है, that will take into account, जो component है, dividend income का और दूसरा जो section है, formula का plus sign के बात का हिसा, that will tell you about the changes in the market price of that particular stock or share. So these are the two heads or the two parts of the return, dividend income component and the price change component. Now in order to explain this formula, I am going to give you an example. Suppose you have bought a stock of 100 rupees and you have wasted it for a year. By the end of the year, the cash dividend you are getting on the stock of 100 rupees is 5 rupees per share. So again, it is not possible that you only buy one share. It could be multiples of 510,000, 1000, whatever. You have a lot, you can buy a share of 5,000, 10,000, 50,000 or in lakhs of rupees. But in one share, we have seen in this example that it is of 100 rupees. So the dividend announced, that is, the company profited, earned by the end of the year every 100 rupees share holder has a dividend of 5 rupees. So we did that account and after that we saw that after spending a year, the price of it is 105 rupees. So if we keep both the things in mind and account for the dividend component and the price change component then what will be the rate of return? It would be the cash dividend which is 5 rupees divided by the beginning price is 100 rupees. So 5 divided by 100 plus we have 105 minus 100 divided by 100. So it will give you a 5% dividend income component and a 5% price change component. So if we connect them, then our expected return is 10%. To explain this more there is another example. Suppose you have bought a stock of 50 rupees and you kept it with you for a year and after that the dividend given on it will be suppose 1 rupees and you are expecting that by the end of the year this 50 rupees stock will be 60 rupees. So the market price component which we will account for then it will be the increase we are expecting in the price is of rupees 10 and if we want to calculate it then the expected return will be it will be R equals to the dividend which was 1 rupees and the initial price of the stock was 50 So we are going to consider now the expected price which we are expecting after a year and the initial price which is 50 so divided by 50. So altogether we will have this 60 minus 50 whole divided by 50 will give you a 0.22 or it will give you a 22%. So the expected rate of return in this situation will turn out to be 22%. So 22% you have to consider this particular example of the expected return Now if we slightly modify the situation which we have discussed in this example and we say that you had expected that you took 50 rupees stock and after a year it will be 60 rupees. We were expecting but actually after a year finished we saw that instead of increase in the price of the stock by rupees 10 the price fell by rupees 10 that is rupees 40 instead of rupees 60 So now how we calculate the expected return which was realized so again we will put the dividend 1 rupees divided by 50 plus we will minus 50 divided by 50 and that will give you a 0.18 with a negative sign meaning that your realized return that shows minus 18% that your stock price has fallen by 18% which you had bought from you. So this is how we calculate the expected return or the realized return and the important components the formula we have are the realized price or the future price which you are thinking by the end of the year dividend income how much will happen you can calculate the expected rate of return so it is important to have an estimate of the expected rate of return before investing in a certain stock or whatever financial instrument you are trying to invest


The Edo Civil Society Organization wants the state government to ban open grazing just like some states in southern Nigeria. The group is unhappy that Governor Godwin Obaseki is yet to sign an anti-open grazing bill into law. And the meeting was held on Tuesday, Wednesday 13th, it went to Abuja to hold the meeting with the president and was demanding money for national livestock transformation program. Was that the agreement in that meeting? No. If he signed a communique with his co-governors in Asaba and they echoed it in Lagos, did they agree that they are giving federal government land for national livestock transformation? No. If that is not the agreement, then it's between the people of those states. So we will not tolerate betraying. Think that he will make a decision. Not knowing what's happening on the grassroot. If you want to fund the elders, what about other businesses in agricultural line? What about the poultry, the rabbi tree, the fishery? You want to fund just the cattle?  What about other areas? So it is not proper, it is not done. If he called the town hall meeting and we unanimously agreed. Welcome to Pastoral Farming. We need, we don't need open grazing. It's an ancient and it's an embodiment of evil. We reject it in totality, we don't need it. We need what is current. What is current is ranching and that ranching should be a private business.


But talking about digital part of work to Carlos You took we talk a lot of nowadays about blockchain About cryptocurrency and our Facebook is launching a Libra Microchips are becoming cheap and cheaper that you can almost print them on goods How is all this playing into the illicit trade? Is it you see it in the positively? Is it helping with helping the bad guys or the good guys? Thank you. I'll visit as yesterday. We'll say technology can be used as a weapon or as a tool You can destroy or you can construct just to give you a history on the Technology what we call now blockchain and how it can really enhance the fight against illicit trade The worldwide web now, which is the invention that happens in Geneva was expert of the United Nations when the web is started in Geneva And and at that time was a lot of hope as we expected the web to solve a lot of problems The web is now you have a 10 trillion dollar economy sitting on the top of the web Companies like Apple Facebook Amazon Google all of them have been extraordinary Efficient in monetizing the worldwide web and creating our wealth But they have been extraordinary and efficient in one specific thing, which is digital identity The web is blind the web doesn't know what it's doing So you can obviously transfer good things on the web, but you can also transfer very bad things So what has happened is that illicit trade and and not only listed trade But also issues related to the underground economy are using the web in an extraordinary Efficient way to do bad things so And the reason is that the people and they are trying and there has been some very good companies healthy image And we have been helping many companies in wise key to to improve their defense system These companies are working in silos and and when you are dealing with a four 2.4 trillion dollar problem, which is the illicit trade problem. You cannot Work in silos so so you have to build platforms and the platform is something that Stakeholders can through one entry point access endless amount of data Which is not the case now if a government or a private sector company wants to investigate illicit trade issues Where they go they go to a database those databases that are not available to them They have to negotiate credentials to access the database. So this has been extraordinary and efficient that's why Interpol and many of the police organizations around the world are totally in a situation of the need to centralize data but data is very difficult to centralize because They are you know commercial issues on data ownership intellectual property issues. So in the last five years a new Technology has arrived with the name blockchain, which could be the beginning of solving the problem Although I always say and I have been working on blockchain from the beginning Blockchain is only one of the component not the only one But we are creating in security and cybersecurity and technology a conversions historic point Where what we call deep tech deep technologies are converging so you have artificial intelligence you have blockchain You have digital identity you have internet of thing IOT all of these technologies are now talking to each other And this is creating an unprecedented power to solve critical problems Then we didn't have the tools before to solve So in the cases of objects my company now I was in the UN before then I left I created a company because I really wanted to Solve the problem not only talk about the problem We already secure 1.2 billion objects So those are watches in Switzerland and they are now traced with a microchip then you are putting inside the watches Those are wines. Those are perfumes that is food products Because the trust ability of a product cannot be established if you don't have a digital identity Down the digital identity which is embedded into the product like this is say by a microchip is also available in a blockchain ledger So for you to understand if you don't understand Or you are not being confronted to blockchain technology the beauty of blockchain is that Decentralized data you don't have to have the data in one place So if a digital identity of my object, let's say a watch of LVMH is Trace of the object level is also available the digital twin of that product is also available in a ledger And then that ledger is available to anyone to see so nobody can Stop you to access the ledger. So let's say that a watch has a chip and that chip is in the ledger when a person walks into a customs Custom can detect then the product is fake or has been falsified because the identity of the product is not being embedded So this is creating a very interesting proposition It is a great advantage also for brands and if brands do not cooperate in this this will never happen Is that brands are also able now to know where their objects are And who owns those objects? The ownership of the object has a very big advantage for the brand because brands do not know their customers anymore in our days Many brands with a section maybe all of the image that has a very strong digital strategy They will need to go to somebody like Facebook or somebody like Amazon to know who their clients are because the client is Register with Facebook and not the the the platform So that creates an advantage because not at the same time you are protecting your product You are creating a key why KYC know your customer Facility than a blow brands to re-engage back again with customers now then you have the Libras of the world I personally you know Libra is in Geneva. I am in Geneva I am very much involved with the team there than they are trying to understand how Libra can expand out of Geneva Libra has a good things and a bad things They has an amazing thing which is they are creating a digital currency which could become dominant because they have 2.5 billion Active users the other thing if in Libra do not apply the financial Regulation principles of KYC could also be used To basically move money illegally on the internet So putting KYC compliance in projects like Libra on cryptocurrency is a must to have Otherwise goods that they are Technologies that they are developed with the intention to do good and not by doing bad I mean one example is the dark web the dark web now smooth one trillion Dollars economy the dark web was originally Designed by intelligent services and they want to enter into the underworld And underworld and see where bad things were happening there is what's actually Absorb use and manipulated by the underworld to do basically their own digital Ecosystem so good news is a lot of technologies are there the bad news that we need Conferences like this and international multi-stakeholder Approach to use those technologies in a way that satisfy regulatory requirements worldwide Thank You Carlos. So on technology some parts your upbeat some parts you are still doubtful Libra needs to be regulated in a in there in the right way before going to your first time Maybe come back to Laurent. What is your opinion? You are from 20 million in one year now 21 million Take downs do you think we are you winning the battle or is a mountain which one to reach the top? There's another one even bigger We're at 20 million to take down now our objective is to pass a 20 million to stay down Because today obviously the announcements are replacing each other I think Carlos speaking of the technical aspect is indeed a very important help for the right-wing But I think there is a normative level a legislative level Sur lequel il faut vraiment qu'on puisse avancer Aujourd'hui évidemment il faut qu'on arrive à une responsabilisation des grands acteurs de l'internet Parce que du travail a été fait en matière de fiscalité en matière de contenu et ne en matière de contenu à caractère terroris et des discussions avance chaque fois pour que ce type de contenu soit enlevé en amont par les géants de l'internet et pas seulement appréciablement Je pense qu'aujourd'hui il faut dans cette approche globale que j'appelle de mes vœux arriver à une responsabilisation des géants de l'internet sur l'ensemble en réalité des contenus illicite C'est-à-dire cessons de créer des micro-sujets suivant en réalité la nature des contenus qu'ils sont diffusés et rentrons finalement dans une des préconisations qu'avait fait la Commission européenne la dernière Commission européenne en mai 2018 c'est-à-dire en appelé à une responsabilisation sur l'ensemble des contenus illicites c'est-à-dire ayons cette approche transversale Aujourd'hui nous avons tous cette autorité publique titulaire de droit on a un ennemi commun qui sont ses pirates, ses contrefacteurs, ses organisations criminelles et pourtant nous répondons de manière trop morcelée donc cette approche transversale, cette approche globale doit aussi venir aujourd'hui sur internet et j'espère que ces débats seront aussi l'occasion de faire avancer ce sujet de responsabilisation des grands géants de l'internet parce que sans ce travail qu'ils doivent faire techniquement en amont et disons les moyens de le faire c'est-à-dire placer des instruments de filtrage pour filtrer les contenus illicites qu'il s'agisse de contrefaçon ou de contenus haineux ou de contenus à caractéristes et je pense qu'une bonne partie du sujet aura été réglée par cette implication plus forte de ces géants de l'internet dans ce combat I think that's a perfect and a pathway for Jean Francois about regulation


Naval leaders, governmental officials and members of private industry gather today at the 28th annual Surface Navy Association Symposium in Crystal City, Virginia. This annual symposium provides an opportunity for discussions on a broad range of professional and career issues for the surface community. This year's theme is the Surface Warfare Strategy, a view beyond the horizon. One of the main focuses of the symposium is to share information about the future of the Navy's technology and people. This really is, you know, our idea as a Navy in terms of how to go forward. You know, we've got to be mindful that it's a very complex environment. Tune in to our hands-up date throughout the week for more information on the SNA symposium or visit www.navysna.org.


Hello everyone, we are getting toward the end of day one of theCUBE's live coverage of Google Cloud Next here in beautiful Las Vegas, Nevada. I'm your host, Rebecca Knight, along with my co-host, Rob Streche. Rob, we are talking so much about collaborations here. I mean, that really seems to be a big theme at this conference. Yeah, I think so. And I think, again, the big piece of this is that Google has brought quite the ecosystem to bear here. And I think, again, it is about all of the different pieces that make Gen AI and AI real, which is why this is going to be such an exciting conversation. Exactly, let me welcome to the show a first timer here on theCUBE, Mehir Shukla. He is the founder and CEO of Automation Anywhere. Thank you so much for coming on the show, Mehir. Glad to be here. So why don't you begin by telling our viewers a little bit about Automation Anywhere? Of course. Automation Anywhere is a software company. It is an AI-powered automation platform. Our vision is to transform how work happens, and we do that by automating processes end to end. We have about 300 million of these processes automated, and they've been growing three times a year, so the world as we know it is changing in front of our eyes. And we are looking forward to a world where every human being is empowered to be assisted with this technology and being able to unleash their true potential. And that's the future we are all working towards. And I think, again, it makes so much sense with automation and AI and ML underneath the hood and things of that nature. Why is it with Google and now, and Google Cloud now, what's the intersection between Automation Anywhere and Google Cloud? It's a very timely question. So what is happening is the combination of technologies are coming together. Automation, AI, and now Generative AI. And we did an announcement today where we are expanding our long-time partnership with Google, with their AI models, Vertex, and Gemini. And what we are doing is we are combining these technologies in a way and making things possible that weren't possible just a year ago in a way that it expands our imagination. Let me take an example of kind of things we are able to do together to ground this conversation. So think about, in a healthcare setup, a discharge post-after-visit summaries. Now this platform, because Google is multimodal model, we are able to create automatic after-visit summaries, but not just that, but in a native language, in an audio format, and that's automatically done. So completely taking a patient experience to a level that you could never imagine before. So this is the power of technology. It is being able to do things that you could never imagine before. And now it is coming together with Google and Automation Anywhere partnership. So talk a little bit more about that use case because that is fascinating and it is something that all of us really can grasp, what that would do to change both the patient experience of our medical lives as well as the doctor or practitioners. So can you just dive into that a little bit about how that works and what actually the upshot of it is? So if you think about our healthcare practice, there are a couple of big challenges. One is the burnout for nurses and doctors, an amount of administrative work they have to do while taking care of us. And other is the patient understanding of what the diagnosis is and what are the things they're supposed to do. And in the diverse world that we live in, often we find that there was a gap between their understanding of what they need to follow through with. So in some of the projects, we are working on both hands. So assisting, putting the power of AI, generating AI and automation, the hands of doctors directly so that they used to spend about 25% of their time in administrative work. And if we can cut it down to five to 10%, we all know that that time could be better spent. And then I described the patient outcomes. If a patient understands what they need to do, sometimes the healthcare outcome can be 60% better just by doing that piece right, right? If they understood it, so. And I think that's a great use case because again, knowing people who've gone to the hospital and even people who may not understand the doctors speak and because they're not always, doesn't seem like English or any other language sometimes. But what other use cases are you running into that really are benefiting from this and that you're seeing with your work with Google? There are hundreds of this fascinating use cases. So we today have 300 large, many, many, it's about 300 of them running on Google Cloud today. Let me maybe share a few of them. Let's take underwriting process for a bank. So again, using Google's multimodal capability, what we are able to do is take a properties or videos, images, hundreds of documents, summarize all of them, and creating an underwriting proposal that is automatically generated, waiting for a human being to provide their inputs and validate it. But you could automate that process 90, 95% of the way, in a way that you could never imagine before. This process used to take sometimes few days and now it's matter of minutes, right? Another area where we apply is in anti-money laundering processes. It's a complex process for many of the banks. A large number of people are occupied just with compliance work. And again, by looking at thousands of documents and data points, you're able to ingest all of it, make sense out of it, make decisions, and create alerts where appropriate.  Take an example of a tax processing. So we all know it could be complicated. Very timely. Very complicated and very timely. And it is even more complex for large enterprises. By feeding it set of tax laws and providing it documents, it can quickly figure out which tax laws to apply when in doubt it can take a human input. But it can quickly figure out a process that could take month into just couple of days. When you are talking about the different ways that automation can automate different processes, what is the effect on the workforce? Because I mean, I'm thinking about those underwriters and those tax assessors and the people who are dealing with money laundering. What is it doing for their day to day to have so much of their job just taken care of? I mean, what are they able to do? And what is the upshot for businesses? Are they seeing a rise in morale or overall productivity? So you could look at this picture from multiple angles. So if you look at from macroeconomic perspective, and I'll come to the individual story as well, but from macroeconomic perspective, if you think about it, the first time in human history we have a declining workforce that has never, ever happened in our history of humanity. So the next 10 years the working age population is going to decline by 3%. Now unless somebody knows another million people on some island that we don't know about, this is all the people we have to work with, right? So the fact that these technologies will allow us to do things in a declining workforce environment is in need of an hour. Without it, our social infrastructure, none of this could work, right? So this is very timely. What is amazing about individuals is the more and more people that are coming to the workforce are looking to build a career and not just a job. And they're looking to do a purposeful work. And so these technologies are allowing them to kind of remove the mundane work and allow them to apply their human skills to the workforce. It will transform workplaces. So it will make some jobs redundant, just like it always does, but it will create many more jobs. The best information we have today says that it will create 10 million new jobs. So this entire transformation is about re-skilling our workforce and allowing them to achieve their true potential. Yeah, I think to me, that's really the fascinating piece about this, is people are going to be able to do more with less people on particular jobs, but it also should help them from a cognitive fatigue type of aspect as well. What are you finding from working with Google that democratizing AI and where do you see that going over the course of this year with bringing these customers in? Because you're seeing a lot more, in fact, you've already talked about use cases that are more direct in production than we hear about out there. And we see that 30% of organizations still don't even know what use case to pick. I think what Google and Automation anywhere are doing together is we are taking this conversation to an enterprise transformation. I think a lot of generative AI conversation has been limited to personal productivity and there is an aspect of personal productivity that is useful. But this is so much bigger, right? Completely, we talked about a few examples of how an enterprise could operate, how patient or a customer experience could completely transform and creating a new way of doing everything. And that phrase is very timely given you see everywhere. This is really a new way of imagining how work happens. So anyway, that's the future that Google and Automation were charting together. I know that you're spending a lot of this conference talking with customers about their experiences with Automation anywhere, but also their experiences, what their pain points are in coming up with new ways to use Gen-A, Gen-AI, choose the right pilots. What are you finding? What are you hearing from your customers and what are you going to take back with you after being at this conference? So one of the things that our joint customers struggle with is what are the areas they can create the most impact? Opportunity seems like it's everywhere. So when it is everywhere, what are the right places to start? So one of the things that we are able to offer our customers is we have this large database of 300 million processes and we have a before and after effect. So we are able to use that as a benchmarking tool to allow customers to see that what is possible in the art of the AI. And we are able to show them that this is their current state of operations. They could be operating here, which is what a good looks like. The difference between here and here is sometimes difference of few hundred million to a few billion dollar impact to the business. And then it is about charting a true transformative path. This is not an overnight journey, it's a multi-year journey, but allowing them to a path to it that leads them to a new operating model. And it is rewarding for everybody in this journey to take them from this point to this point. What do you, when you look out a year from now and you're sitting there and you have even more as you were talking about that, the number of processes compounding that you have, what do you hope for that you can talk to your, talk to us about that here's the successes in democratizing AI that we've had over the course of the last year? I think most people when they talk about the capabilities today, they are thinking about what they could automate that they do today. I think the real power of this technology is doing things that you could never did before. And that's a step that would naturally happen in this journey. If you travel the same distance in a car that a horse would cover, what's the point of having a technology, right? So these technologies are exponential and I think this time next year we should be talking about amazing new experiences that we could never experience before and how they transformed patient, customer, and employee experiences in a way that fascinates us and stretches our imagination. That's what I would love to see. I love the way you're talking about this because you just have such a sense of awe and wonder when you're talking about these technologies and frankly, a lot of times on theCUBE we are talking about really the nuts and bolts of the tech and we kind of lose sight of just how incredible this technology is. Do you find that you're an outlier in the conversations that you're having? Do you think other people are similarly as inspired by the power of this technology or are they thinking really in terms of, okay, how do we get the ROI? How do we? I think people are beginning to see the potential of it. I think if you step back and look at the true capability of human race as a race, we weren't put on this planet to type from one screen to another. We are capable of doing so much more and I often remind people that we as a civilization, we have a potential to 100 years from now surf on the slopes of the Mars. Then 200 years from now surf the Saturn rings. You can imagine what the potential of this race is and if 70% of us are doing repetitive work that could be automated, we are not going to accomplish any of those things. So if you step back and look at the journey that we are on, we have to be inclusive, we have to retrain our workforce, we have to take everybody with us, make sure the benefits are spread to every part of the society. Nevertheless, the journey is an amazing journey. Just imagine how far we've come last 100 years. Imagine what next 50 to 70 years will bring to us. And what an exciting time to be alive. Absolutely. Indeed, powerful. Mahir, thank you so much for coming on theCUBE, a really, really fun and inspiring conversation. My pleasure. Thank you. Thank you. I'm Rebecca Knight for my co-host Rob Stratche. Stay tuned for more of theCUBE's live coverage. You are watching theCUBE, the leading source of enterprise news.


A U-tube monometer, not to be confused with a U-tube monometer, is connected to a closed tank as shown in the figure to the right. The air pressure in the tank is 0.5 PSI G. Note that that G denotes a gauge pressure, indicating that the gauge pressure, the pressure read by the gauge, and also the absolute pressure of the air minus the atmospheric pressure, is 0.5 PSI. And the liquid in the tank is an oil with a density of 54 pounds of mass per cubic foot. The pressure at point A is 2 PSI, again that's a gauge pressure, which would be the absolute pressure at point A minus atmospheric pressure. I want to determine the depth of the oil, as indicated as Z on the figure, in feet, and the height of the monometer used to read the pressure of the oil, again in feet. So we could approach this in two ways, and that's actually why we have a part A and a part B. You can think of it as working from atmospheric pressure in to point A, through the air gauge and the height Z, indicating the height difference of the oil between A and the top of the oil, which is the interface between oil and air, just for convenience, I'm going to call this alpha, or we could approach it by working from atmospheric pressure in through the monometer. In that case, the thing that gets us from atmospheric pressure down is H, and I can relate the pressure difference between this point and this point by using the density of the gauge fluid times gravity times the height H, and then I know from Pascal's law that the pressure here is going to be the same as the pressure here, because they are at the same height, and then I can work from here, which I will call beta, up to A by using the density of oil times gravity times two feet of height. So I can approach it in two directions. Let's start by working from the gauge into the air and down through the oil. So I was told the pressure of the air is 0.5 PSI-G. That means the absolute pressure of the air minus atmospheric pressure is 0.5 PSI. Furthermore, because the density of gases is so low relative to liquids, I'm going to assume that the pressure difference across the height of the column of air, like the pressure difference between here and here and here, is negligibly small. Therefore, the pressure of the air is also the pressure at point alpha. So I can say the absolute pressure at point alpha is equal to 0.5 PSI plus the atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, I can use my PAH equation to relate the pressure difference between A and alpha, because A is going to be higher because it has all the pressure of alpha, plus the height of the column of oil pushing down on it, to the density of the oil times gravity. I mean, actually, it's the acceleration experienced by the oil, but because I don't know enough about the acceleration to assume anything different, I'm just assuming standard gravitational acceleration on Earth at about sea level, 9.81 meters per second squared, and the height difference here, which is Z. So I'm using that PAH equation, recognizing that I know A in terms of P atmosphere, and I know the density of the oil and gravity to determine the height Z. So part A is going to be PAH minus what I'm calling P alpha. The pressure at the interface between the oil and the air is equal to the density of oil times gravity times Z. And I know P alpha is equal to the atmospheric pressure plus 0.5 PSI. And I know the absolute pressure at A is atmospheric pressure plus 2. That means when I actually start combining these pressures into one equation, I'm going to have atmospheric pressure plus 2 PSI minus atmospheric pressure plus 0.5 PSI, which means my atmospheric pressure terms are going to cancel. I just have 2 PSI minus 0.5 PSI. This is going to happen frequently. So frequently, in fact, that we have a name for it, when we are working the problem in gauge pressure, what we're doing is assuming that the atmospheric pressure cancels. You can also think of it as assuming the atmospheric pressure is zero, and all the pressures described are relative to that quantity. So when we work a problem in gauge pressure, we are describing all pressures relative to atmospheric pressure. The only time that matters is if we start involving things like proportions of pressure or the ideal gas law, in which case we have to keep track of the fact that our gauge pressures are not the quantity we want to use in that calculation. We have to convert back to an absolute pressure. Anyway, this says equal to the density of the oil times what we are assuming is gravity times Z. So Z then is just going to be 2 PSI minus 0.5 PSI, divided by the density of oil times gravity. So 2 minus 0.5 is 1.5 PSI. I was told the density is 54 pounds of mass per cubic foot. Gravitational acceleration is going to be 9.81 meters per second squared, or I could use the imperial form, which would be 32.2 feet per second squared. Since everything else in this calculation is imperial, it probably makes more sense to use 32.2. My goal is going to be to get to an answer in feet. So I'm going to want to break my PSI into pounds of force per square inch and pound of force into pound of mass. So I'll write this as a PSI is a pound of force per square inch and my pound of force from my conversion factor sheet is 32.174 pounds of mass times feet per second squared. 32.174 pound of mass per feet, excuse me, times feet per second squared. So pound of mass is going to cancel pound of mass, pound of force is going to cancel pound of force, PSI cancels PSI, second squared cancels second squared. I have feet to the fourth power in the numerator and then I have feet times square inches in the denominator. So I need to get rid of those inches, 12 inches in one foot and then I square everything. One squared is moreing, square inches cancels square inches. Square feet is going to get rid of two of the feet in the feet cubed. The feet in the denominator already get rid of the other one, leaving me with an answer in just feet. So if my calculator would agree to help us, we can take 1.5 multiplied by 32.174 times 12 squared divided by 54 times 32.2 and I get 3.99677. So I'm just going to call that four, four feet. Z is about four feet. Then for part B, I'm using the same tools but I'm working through a manometer. Note that the manometer in this sort of application is used to read pressure. I mean, it's an analog pressure readout. You can look at the tube and you can read demarcations that you've created on the tube to see what the height is and if you know the pressure at those different points, you've presumably wrote it on those different points so you would know what the pressure is. The advantage of a manometer like this is that it is analog, it's not going to be affected by power or any sort of battery life. That being said, the downside is it's much more subject to minor changes in fluid levels so you don't see them that often anymore. The gauge fluid here is a denser fluid than the oil. It has a specific gravity of 3.05 which is going to be 3.05 times that of water. If the density of water is 998 or so kilograms per cubic meter then that's going to be just under 3,000 kilograms per cubic meter which is going to be just under 200 pounds of mass per cubic foot. So I'm talking about something that is almost four between three and four times denser than the oil. So the reason you would use that kind of gauge fluid is to allow a smaller area on the tube to read out a bigger pressure difference than if you used oil directly. Also in some cases you might use a gauge fluid that is unlikely to evaporate so that you don't have to worry about your fluid levels changing and moving your meniscus around for a given pressure. It also might be a situation where you don't want the oil or whatever it is inside your tank to actually interface with air. Maybe you're trying to keep a smell out or you're trying to keep air from infiltrating it any sort of gasification process. That's the logic behind your selection of your gauge fluid. Anyway, the density of the gauge fluid can be determined by looking at the density of the water which we'll probably have to do. And because the pressure at beta over here on the left is the same as the pressure here because of Pascal's law, I can write out the delta P across this height H as P beta minus atmospheric pressure. And that is equal to the density of the gauge fluid times gravity times H, literally H because it is H. That would allow me to determine the pressure at beta if I knew the atmospheric pressure and H and then I can relate the pressure difference between A and beta by using this two foot height and the density of oil. So the pressure difference there is P beta minus P A and that is equal to the density of oil times gravity times two feet. So I know the density of oil already, gravity is known, two feet is known, P A is known. So I can substitute for P beta. I will write P beta over here in terms of atmospheric pressure density of GF times gravity times height and substitute that in here along with my P A from earlier. And what I get out is atmospheric pressure plus density of gauge fluid times gravity times height H minus atmospheric pressure plus, I think it was two. Yeah, two is equal to the density of oil times gravity times two feet. Okay, so let's bring this down to the part of the paper that actually makes sense. If someone was trying to read this later on, close my parentheses. Now, atmospheric pressure cancels again. So I have the density of the gauge fluid times gravity times height minus two PSI is equal to the density of the oil times gravity times two feet. I'm going to solve for H. So I will write H is equal to two PSI plus the density of oil times gravity times two feet all divided by the density of the gauge fluid times gravity. And then just for convenience of dimensional analysis, I'm going to split my denominator and then I will cancel the gravity on the right term. So I have two PSI divided by the density of GF times gravity plus the proportion of the density of oil to the density of gauge fluid times two feet. Two feet is known, density of oil is known. TPSI is known, gravity is known. All I need is the density of the gauge fluid. For that, I'm going to step back to my definition of specific gravity from thermal one. Specific gravity is the density of a fluid divided by the density of water at standard temperature and pressure. So the density of our gauge fluid is going to be the specific gravity of our gauge fluid multiplied by the density of water at standard temperature and pressure, 300 Kelvin and 100 kilopascals in most cases. So for the density of water, I will go back into my textbook and for that, let's get rid of the conversion factors and the calculator while we're at it. So water at 300 degrees Celsius in one atmosphere or so has a density of 998 kilograms per cubic meter. So we are going to take a 998 and we are going to multiply it by 3.05. 998 times 3.05 and we get 3,043.9. You guys remember earlier, when I took 998 times 3.05 in my head and I said it was just under 3,000? Good math, John. This is why we bring a calculator. 3,043.9 kilograms per cubic meter. And with that, I have everything I need. So I will take two PSI, divided by our shiny new density, 3,043.9 kilograms per cubic meter times gravity. Let's go with, oh really? Okay, so we just calculated the density in kilograms per cubic meter and I can leave it that way, I could. And then handle the unit conversion between imperial and metric, I could do that. But in hindsight, if I could rewind like 45 seconds, it wouldn't be way easier to just look up the density of water in imperial units and then multiply that by 3.03, 3.05. So let's just pretend that I did that. Let's turn back time. Do-do-do-do. And back to our textbook. I'm not gonna use table A3 this time. Table A3 shows the density of a variety of liquids in metric units, which is what we normally want 99% of the time. Unfortunately, if we are solving this problem in the United States, we need to be able to handle imperial units, even imperial masses. Dare I say the slug? So let's go instead to table A1, which is just properties of water. And we are going to be grabbing the density of water in imperial units, which is gonna be the right-hand side of this table. And 20 degrees Celsius is the same row as 68 degrees Fahrenheit, which means my density is 1.937 slugs per cubic foot. Hooray for slugs. So calculator, if you would please. That would be 1.937 times 3.05, which is 5.90785. Okay, 5.90785. Slugs, hooray, per cubic foot. Okay, just a side note here, remember that one pound of force? Is equal to one slug times one feet per second squared. Anyway, now back over here, I can plug in my shiny new density that we totally calculated only one time, 5.90785, just call it 9.9. 7.9 slugs per cubic foot. And then 32.2 feet per second squared. And we want an answer here in feet. So we'll do the same breakout for PSI. PSI is a pound of force per square inch. And from our little definition over here, I know that one pound of force, is one slug times one foot per second squared. So pound of force, cancels pound of force, PSI cancels PSI, and slugs cancel slugs. I need inches and feet to cancel. So I will write 12 inches is one foot and square everything. One square is boring, that's not a square. Let's try that. One squared, inches squared, cancels inches squared. Then I have feet times cubic feet in the numerator and feet times square feet in the denominator. So feet and square feet cancel cubic feet, leaving me with feet in the numerator. And then for the second part, I'm going to take the density of oil divided by the density of the gauge fluid. Gosh, I'm gonna have a density in slugs and density in pound mass. Hate the imperial unit system. So, density in oil is 54 pounds of mass per cubic foot. And then my density of my gauge fluid is 5.90785, 9., 5.9079 slugs per cubic foot. That's gonna be a unitless proportion for the second unit would be two feet, okay? So slugs and pound mass will eventually cancel once I involve the unit conversion and cubic feet will cancel unit cubic feet. So multiplying by two feet will yield an answer in feet. All I have to do is handle the mass conversion. So what I'm gonna do here is write out one pound force is equal to one slug times one feet per second squared. And then one pound of force is also equal to 32.174. That came from my conversion factor sheet right here. So that was a feet, I guess pound mass feet, pound mass feet per second squared. Therefore, I can write a slug times feet per second squared is equal to 32.174 pound mass feet per second squared feet per second squared cancel. Therefore, one slug is equal to 32.174 pound mass. We did it. So one slug is 32.174 pound mass. Slugs cancel slugs, pound mass, cancels pound mass, leaving me with feet. Now on to the math. So two times 12 squared divided by 5.90785 times 32.2. And then I will add some additional parentheses around that just for good measure. Because I don't trust my calculator. I didn't say that, I trust your calculator. Thank you. And then plus 54 times two divided by 5.907, 90785 times 32.174. And I get a syntax error. Just write that down on my sheet. See, calculator, I thought we had an agreement. I thought we were past this. I would type things, you would compute them. We would have a good relationship. 2.08212.


Welcome to another week of what's for dinner. My name is Andrea and in my household there's me, my husband, and our handsome little boy. On our channel I make simple meals using convenient pantry and freezer staples. Hey guys so for dinner tonight it is pizza night and so Howard and I both did our own individual pizzas. So this is the crust that I am using. HEV is a grocery store that's here in Texas. This is a two pack of crust. I'm using one. It is ultra thin and crispy. They have a thin and crispy then they have an ultra thin. So this is kind of like a cracker crust. So of course I've got my sauce on there and we are using this sauce. I've got cheese, red onions, pepperoni, and then I didn't have any fresh basil but I did have this. Let me try to show it to Gourmet Garden and this is what it looks like. It is a lightly dried basil and it comes in the refrigerated section. But Howard's Pizza is in the oven right now so I will show you his once it comes out. Okay so this is Howard's Pizza and he is using this flat bit flat bread crust from Aldi. We both really like it a lot. So he has just shredded mozzarella cheese or pizza cheese and then he has fresh mozzarella on top, the red onions, sauce of course, and pepperoni and he also used onion powder and garlic powder. So this is what we are having tonight homemade pizzas and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys so for dinner tonight we are having some grilled baby back ribs that I had in my freezer and I actually smoked them on my charcoal grill so you see that nice smoke green right there. So I seasoned the ribs with this Japanese barbecue sauce, sorry Japanese barbecue seasoning from Kinders and it is really very good and then for the sauce I used this Bibigo Korean barbecue marinade that I used a lot on our channel and it has a really nice savory Asian flavor. It's so good. I made some collard greens and I will record a video on how I make my collard greens and then I just doctored up a box of macaroni and cheese. I have made this on our channel many many times. I'll link the recipe in the description box but you just use a box of the macaroni and cheese, the kind with the cheese packet, the squeezed cheese and then to that you just prepare it according to package directions. To that you add a half a cup of sour cream and then the recipe calls for one cup of cheese added in and then also sprinkled on top. I use more than that. I use about a cup of cheese added in to the macaroni and cheese and then I just sprinkle a cup on top or any type of cheese that you want and then you just bake it for about 20 minutes or until that cheese melts. But anyway this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys so for dinner tonight I am trying a recipe that I initially tried probably a year or more than a year ago. It's a speedy sausage and black-eyed pea skillet. So in my skillet I browned one pound of breakfast sausage and to that I added one chopped de-seeded jalapeno pepper and a half a cup of onions and what you just saw me add was just one can of black-eyed peas and the recipe says that you should drain the black-eyed peas which is what I did last time but I felt like it was too dry. So this time around I just added in the juice right along with the peas and then I'm going to season it with a little bit of onion powder and also some garlic powder. I'm not going to worry about adding in any salt because that sausage has plenty of salt. So all I'm going to do is just stir this up really well and then I'm going to cover and cook this for about maybe half an hour because I do want those peas to get nice and soft. Okay so here is everything all plated up. I'm serving mine over some basmati rice. If I didn't mention it I'll make sure to put the recipe in the description box. The recipe doesn't mention this but it's really important to let those peas simmer down with that meat. So I'll let mine simmer for about 35 minutes and they're nice and tender and serving some cornbread on the side just some good old jiffy cornbread that I had in my pantry and if you're not a fan of black eyed peas this would really be good with black beans and also pinto beans as well really quick and easy weeknight dinner. So this is what we're having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys so for dinner tonight we are having taco salads and I am using this meat that I picked up from HEV a while back ago when it was on sale and it is really very good it's already diced and seasoned it's chicken thighs chopped up and it's seasoned with hatch and jalapeno green chilies they have different flavors but like I said I bought it on sale a while back ago I couldn't beat the deal and I just stuck it in my freezer until now but I wanted to show you how I make my version of a quick and easy Mexican rice. So in my sauce pan here I have about three tablespoons of oil and about I don't know less than a half a cup of onions to that I just added some jasmine rice it's one cup of jasmine rice I'm just gonna stir it around just a little bit. Okay so the rice has gotten a little bit brown to that I'm adding one packet of this Mia Rose I found this at Walmart you can find it at other places too I think I've even seen it at the Dollar Tree but each box comes with four little packets and so that's what I'm adding in right now. Now if you happen not to have Mia Rose I have also used this it is really good it's nor bullion it has chicken and tomato flavor all in one and it's really good so if I don't have the little packets then I use two teaspoons of this bullion and it is so good and then after that you're just gonna add the rice needed for your the water needed for your rice and you're just gonna give it a good stir and cover and let the rice simmer until it's cooked. Okay so everything is ready to be assembled let me show you the rice here it is nice and fluffy I also made some refried beans and added some cheese on top here is the chicken and it is really very good like I said and then here are our taco salad shells and this is the brand of taco salad shells that I use and if you've been with our channel for a while you know I talk about these things all the time my mom started making them when I was younger or buying them I should say when I was younger and so I have continued the tradition they're just super hard to find now but here they are and they just bake in the oven on a little former that comes with them very easy to make I did kind of over bake them just a little bit but let us get our taco salad assembled and then I'll show you how it all turns out. Okay so I've got everything all plated up this is Howard's plate he has everything on there and he added salsa cheese and sour cream this is my plate I have everything as well not as much as he does but I've got everything on there except for sour cream so this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time. Hey guys so for dinner tonight we are having these sirloin steaks I have these in my freezer I got these on sale from Kroger a while back ago and I've actually made them on my channel before but I couldn't beat this deal you get two sirloin steaks for 288 can't beat that so I do remember last time that I didn't really feel like these steaks had a lot of flavor so I am going to be using this five pepper five salt seasoning from Adams my cousin told me about this seasoning and he likes to grill and cook and he said this is one of his go-tos so I am going to be trying out the seasoning on the steak tonight so I will be back once I get everything all plated up okay so here is everything all plated up here is the steak and it looks absolutely delicious serving it with a side of fresh broccoli that I stir-fried and a baked potato that I made in the air fryer I always bake my potatoes in the air fryer for an hour at 400 degrees and it's perfect every time there is some butter that's already melted into the potato some salt and a little bit of sour cream so this is what we are having for dinner tonight and we will see y'all next time


Kentucky Blood Center made the rounds in Floyd County with their blood bus on Tuesday, February 20th. Their last stop for the day was at the Appalachian Wireless Headquarters in Ival with the goal of screening patients quickly and comfortably. Mountain Top News spoke with Kentucky Blood Center for more details. So today we are doing our one of our blood drives today.  Screening process takes about two minutes and then we get you on the bed. The bed takes about eight to twelve minutes, just depends on how long it takes us to get you started. The entire process takes about 45 minutes from the time you get in the door to the time you are hanging out front, making sure you feel good for your head out. It's a great way to get back to your community. Only get 45 minutes or it takes 45 minutes to do. I mean, just a great way to get back to your community.  You'll experience patient care that is specific to you with exceptional follow-up care that ensures your hearing and balance needs are being met. Audiology Associates at 1428 Northlake Drive in Prestonsburg. The blood bus is equipped with everything needed for drawing and storing blood on the go. Donated blood goes directly to local hospitals such as PMC and ARH. Every donation, they get t-shirts and we got snacks, drinks, got little debbies, powerade, coat. We got all kinds of good stuff in there. We're making sure that you guys are feeling good. The architecture is going. Making sure it's getting called in there for everyone. So we supply the blood to local hospitals around here. We supply them to ARH. We supply them to Parkville Medical Center.  So it's 45 minutes just to give back. Reporting for Mountain Top News, I'm Nick Colum.


I am Priyanka Bidla and today we are going to see about behavioral model. At the end of this session, students will be able to explain behavioral model and differentiate between data-driven and event-driven modeling. These are the contents of this video lecture. Basically, we will concentrate on these points. Let us see first about behavioral model. This is one of the types of system model. Behavioral models are models of the dynamic behavior of the system as it is executing. They show what happens or what is supposed to happen when a system responds to a stimulus from its environment. Mainly behavioral model has two types. First is data-driven modeling and second is event-driven modeling. So data-driven modeling means some data arrives that has to be processed by the system. And event-driven modeling means some event happens that triggers the system processing and events may have associated data. So first we will see in detail about data-driven modeling and let us discuss about event-driven modeling. Let us see first data-driven modeling. Data-driven models were among us the first graphical software models. Many business systems are data processing systems that are primarily driven by data. They are controlled by the data input to the system with relatively little external event processing. Data-driven models show that it includes the sequence of actions in processing input data and generating an associated output. For example, a phone billing system will accept information about calls made by a customer. Then calculate the cost of these calls and generate a bill to be sent to that customer. This is also known as DFD, DFD is nothing but data flow diagram and it is useful in tracking and documentation purpose and during the analysis of requirements. Now about DFD, DFD is from a functional perspective. It helps analysts and designers understand what is going on particularly in the system. It shows data exchange between a system and other systems in its environment. These are simple and intuitive. For example, this figure shows an activity model of the Insulin-Purms operation. The chain of processing involved in the Insulin-Purm software. In this diagram, you can see the processing steps represented as activities and the data flowing between these steps represented as objects. This is UML sequence diagram. Already we knew about sequence diagram in the previous lectures we will discuss. You have seen how these can be used to model interaction but if you draw these then messages are only sent from left to right. Then they show the sequential data processing in the system. This shows using a sequence model of the processing of an order and sending it to supplier. These models highlight objects in a system and the equivalent data flow diagram for order processing is shown on the next slide. Here in this example, the notations used in these models represent functional processing by rounded boxes. In data stores by using rectangular boxes and data movements between these functions by using labelled arrows. They are used to show how data flows through a sequence of processing steps. In this example, simple blood sugar is taken and through sensor it is analyzed and according to that the required insulin computation is done and proper amount of insulin is given to that person to control the sugar level. So related to that all the processes are included. The data flows in sequential manner to acquire the system goal. We have to fulfill all the requirements of user. This process done from top to bottom. We will see second type of behavioral model that is event driven modeling. Event based modeling was introduced in real time design methods such as those proposed by Ward and Maylor in 1985 and Harrell in 1985 to 1987. This model the behavior of the system in response to external and internal events. It is based on the assumptions that a system has a finite number of states and that events may cause a transition from one state to another. This type of system is particularly appropriate for real time systems. It is used to represent state machine model. State machine models show system states as nodes and events as arcs between these nodes. When an event occurs the system moves from one state to another. The UML supports event based modeling using state diagrams which were based on the state charts. So in this state diagrams also included and states charts also. This is an example of state diagram of microwave oven. Real microwave ovens are actually much more complex than this system but the simplified system is easier to understand. This simple microwave has a switch to select full or half power, then numeric keypad to input the cooking time, then start and stop button and an alpha numeric display. The oven power is set to 300 watts. The display shows half power and the oven power is set to 600 watts. At that time the display shows full power. Here we have assumed that the sequence of actions in the microwave is. So first is select the power level either half power or full power. Second input the cooking time using a numeric keypad. Press start. There are two conditions door open and door closed. If the door is open then disable the operation and if the door is closed then time is set and the start button is enabled. Pushing this button starts the oven operation and cooking takes place for specified time. This is the end of cooking cycle and the system returns to the waiting state. For safety reasons the oven should not operate when the door is open and if the door is open during operation the system moves to the disabled state and on completion of cooking a buzzer is sounded. The oven has a very simple alpha numeric display that is used to display various alerts and warning messages. The next the stable shows the states for the microwave oven. It shows a tabular description of each state and the problem with state based modelling is that the number of possible states increases rapidly. For large system models therefore you need to hide detail in the model and this table shows the stimulus for the microwave oven. How the stimuli that four state transitions are generated? Pause the video and you have to think for a while and write down the differentiate points between data driven modelling and event driven modelling. So first point in data modelling data arrives that has to be processed by the system and in event modelling event happens that triggers system processing. Then second point data driven diagrams highlight the functions and event driven models highlight objects in a system. And last point will be data modelling is known as data flow diagram and event driven modelling is known as state diagram. Now these are the two types of behavioural modelling we are discussed in this video. These are the references for this video lecture. Thank you.